Chemistry | NIST

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<div class="nist-block nist-block--no-margin"> <div class="entity-reference"> <img loading="lazy" src="/web/20230830172026im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/images/2021/02/18/Chemistry_1200x248.png" width="1200" height="248" alt="colorful blobs on a black background with colorful netting around it." typeof="foaf:Image"/> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nist-section-header__main grid-container"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="nist-section-header__title"> <h1 class="nist-page__title">Chemistry</h1> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container"> <div class="nist-page__region nist-page__region--topic-description padding-top-4 margin-top-1"> <div class="nist-region-heading"> <h2>Overview</h2> </div> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-8 padding-right-5 margin-bottom-4"> <div class="text-with-summary"> <p>From the food we eat and the pharmaceuticals doctors prescribe to the paints and fuel additives we use, the NIST develops the technology, measurement methods and standards to address the needs of the chemical industry.</p> </div> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-4"> <div class="nist-block nist-block--no-margin"> <h2 class="nist-block__title">Featured Content</h2> <div class="nist-field nist-field--label-hidden nist-field--link-list link font-sans-sm"> <div class="nist-field__items"> <div class="nist-field__item"><a href="/web/20230830172026/https://www.nist.gov/nist-and-nobel/dan-shechtman">NIST and the Nobel: Dan Shechtman</a></div> <div class="nist-field__item"><a href="/web/20230830172026/https://www.nist.gov/si-redefinition/redefining-mole">SI Redefinition: The Mole</a></div> <div class="nist-field__item"><a href="/web/20230830172026/https://www.nist.gov/feature-stories/each-mammal-its-milk">To Each Mammal, Its Milk (photo essay)</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="bg-base-lightest padding-y-5 margin-y-4"> <div class="nist-page__region nist-page__region--topic-list grid-container"> <div class="views-element-container nist-block margin-bottom-0"> <div><div class="js-view-dom-id-57b89ba1f94664970dfee4a5cb9c16e25b5bb92b20e2e719ce19a753c22c965d"> <div class="nist-block margin-bottom-0"> <div class="nist-region-heading"> <h2>Chemistry Topics</h2> </div> <ul class="add-list-reset link-list"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-6"> <li class="font-sans-md padding-bottom-205"><div class="views-field views-field-field-shared-section"><div class="field-content nist-icon nist-icon--before nist-icon--arrow-right2"><a href="/web/20230830172026/https://www.nist.gov/analytical-chemistry" hreflang="en">Analytical chemistry</a></div></div></li> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-6"> <li class="font-sans-md padding-bottom-205"><div class="views-field views-field-field-shared-section"><div class="field-content nist-icon nist-icon--before nist-icon--arrow-right2"><a href="/web/20230830172026/https://www.nist.gov/chemical-engineering-processing" hreflang="en">Chemical engineering & processing</a></div></div></li> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-6"> <li class="font-sans-md padding-bottom-205"><div class="views-field views-field-field-shared-section"><div class="field-content nist-icon nist-icon--before nist-icon--arrow-right2"><a href="/web/20230830172026/https://www.nist.gov/chemical-thermodynamics-chemical-properties" hreflang="en">Chemical thermodynamics & chemical properties</a></div></div></li> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-6"> <li class="font-sans-md padding-bottom-205"><div class="views-field views-field-field-shared-section"><div class="field-content nist-icon nist-icon--before nist-icon--arrow-right2"><a href="/web/20230830172026/https://www.nist.gov/molecular-characterization" hreflang="en">Molecular characterization</a></div></div></li> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-6"> <li class="font-sans-md padding-bottom-205"><div class="views-field views-field-field-shared-section"><div class="field-content 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class="nist-block__title">Projects & Programs</h2> <article role="article" about="/programs-projects/chemical-foundations-cannabis-breathalyzer" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20230830172026/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/chemical-foundations-cannabis-breathalyzer" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/web/20230830172026im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2020/07/16/Cannabis%20Buds.jpeg?itok=I3WFsLdU" width="100" height="67" alt="Cannabis Buds" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20230830172026/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/chemical-foundations-cannabis-breathalyzer"><span>Chemical Foundations for a Cannabis Breathalyzer</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__type"> <div class="nist-badge display-inline-block margin-y-1 nist-badge--blue boolean">Ongoing</div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-long"> Founded in 2019, this program was motivated by the rapid decriminalization of recreational and medical cannabis by state governments. This has led to extensive </div> </div> </div> </article> <article role="article" about="/programs-projects/development-methods-measurement-vitamin-d-and-its-metabolites-foods-fortified" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20230830172026/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/development-methods-measurement-vitamin-d-and-its-metabolites-foods-fortified" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/web/20230830172026im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2018/09/27/triangle_with_vit_d_srms.png?itok=DGWoDSRo" width="100" height="87" alt="Triangle with Vit D SRMs" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20230830172026/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/development-methods-measurement-vitamin-d-and-its-metabolites-foods-fortified"><span>Development of Methods for Measurement of Vitamin D and its Metabolites in Foods, Fortified Foods, and Dietary Supplements</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__type"> <div class="nist-badge display-inline-block margin-y-1 nist-badge--blue boolean">Ongoing</div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-long"> Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that is essential for bone health. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with muscle weakness and osteoporosis and can </div> </div> </div> </article> <article role="article" about="/programs-projects/differential-absorption-lidar-detection-and-quantification-greenhouse-gases" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20230830172026/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/differential-absorption-lidar-detection-and-quantification-greenhouse-gases" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/web/20230830172026im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2019/07/23/smokestack_nagy_sm_1.jpg?itok=7sWNc7UI" width="100" height="100" alt="smokestack" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20230830172026/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/differential-absorption-lidar-detection-and-quantification-greenhouse-gases"><span>Differential absorption LIDAR for the detection and quantification of greenhouse gases</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__type"> <div class="nist-badge display-inline-block margin-y-1 nist-badge--blue boolean">Ongoing</div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-long"> We are developing a method for accurately quantifying greenhouse gas emissions from natural and anthropogenic sources and sinks to meet the requirements for </div> </div> </div> </article> <div class="link-list"><a href="/web/20230830172026/https://www.nist.gov/laboratories/projects-programs/topic/248416">View All Projects/Programs</a></div> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-4 margin-y-2"> <h2 class="nist-block__title">Additional Resources Links</h2> <div class="nist-field nist-field--label-hidden nist-field--link-list link nist-field--link-list font-sans-sm"> <div class="nist-field__items"> <div class="nist-field__item"><a href="/web/20230830172026/https://www.nist.gov/publications/search?ta%5B0%5D=248416&ta%5B1%5D=248416">Publications</a></div> <div class="nist-field__item"><a href="/web/20230830172026/https://www.nist.gov/services-resources/software?k=&d%5Bmin%5D=&d%5Bmax%5D=&a%5B0%5D=248416&a%5B1%5D=248416&tag=">Software</a></div> <div class="nist-field__item"><a href="/web/20230830172026/https://www.nist.gov/laboratories/tools-instruments?k=&a%5B0%5D=248416&a%5B1%5D=248416&o=All&tag=">Tools & Instruments</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--topic-featured paragraph--view-mode--default nist-content-row--width-full bg-base-lightest margin-y-5"> <div class="grid-container"> <div class="nist-card nist-card--horizontal nist-card--horizontal-full nist-card--base-lightest"> <div class="nist-card__inner"> <div class="nist-card__image"> <a href="/web/20230830172026/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/taking-measure/shaping-future-nist-mass-spectral-library"> <div class="entity-reference"> <figure class="nist-image"> <img src="/web/20230830172026im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/800w_x_400h/public/images/2020/06/09/Mass%20Spec%20Database%20featured%20image.jpg.webp?itok=FtURj_Ra" width="800" height="400" alt="Tytus Mak sitting at his desk and while colleague Arun Moorthy and he look at a computer screen" title="Tytus Mak and Arun Moorthy" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> </a> </div> <div class="nist-card__title"> <h3> Shaping the Future of the NIST Mass Spectral Library </h3> </div> <div class="nist-card__content"> <div class="text-long"><p>When one thinks of mass spectral libraries — well, let’s be honest here, the very idea of mass spectral libraries will never cross most people’s minds, even most scientists’. But that’s true for most of the seemingly esoteric things that many of us at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) have devoted our careers to. And though many of us have often struggled to explain the nature of our work to friends and loved ones (and more often than not failed to elicit excitement), the importance of NIST’s work cannot be overstated. This is very much true for what we call the NIST Standard Reference Database 1A, more commonly known as the <a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="926f4ca6-7252-419c-967c-48f118824259" href="/web/20230830172026/https://www.nist.gov/srd/nist-standard-reference-database-1a" title="NIST Standard Reference Database 1A">NIST Mass Spectral Library</a>.</p> <p>This year marks the eighth release of the library, which includes over 2 million mass spectra measured for over 350,000 chemical compounds. </p></div> </div> <div class="nist-card__links"> <div class="nist-card__button"> <a href="/web/20230830172026/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/taking-measure/shaping-future-nist-mass-spectral-library" class="usa-button ">Read the full blog</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container margin-y-4"> <div class="nist-region-heading"> <h2>News</h2> </div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--dynamic-news-list-topic paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="js-view-dom-id-33a5a62bf34900e2e060469380b5ab2b751a874266150d6cc53ce941529d33e7"> <div class="grid-row grid-gap-2"> <div class="nist-card tablet:grid-col-4 nist-card--topic "> <div class="nist-card__inner"> <div class="nist-card__image"> <a href="/web/20230830172026/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2023/05/researchers-analyze-thc-breath-cannabis-smokers"> <div class="entity-reference"> <img loading="lazy" src="/web/20230830172026im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/800w_x_400h/public/images/2023/05/15/Cinnamon_Bidwell_Research_Lab_0047PC_cr.jpg.webp?itok=iys15MdM" width="800" height="400" alt="A white van with its sliding door open, parked in a lot, with mountains in the background. Decals on the side refer to scientific studies." typeof="foaf:Image"/> </div> </a> </div> <div class="nist-card__title padding-y-5"> <h3><span property="schema:name">Researchers Analyze THC in Breath of Cannabis Smokers</span> </h3> </div> <div class="nist-card__links"> <div class="nist-card__button"> <a href="/web/20230830172026/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2023/05/researchers-analyze-thc-breath-cannabis-smokers" class="usa-button ">Read more</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nist-card tablet:grid-col-4 nist-card--topic "> <div class="nist-card__inner"> <div class="nist-card__image"> <a href="/web/20230830172026/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2023/05/researchers-pin-down-pfas-prevalence-firefighter-gear"> <div class="entity-reference"> <img loading="lazy" src="/web/20230830172026im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/800w_x_400h/public/images/2023/04/18/PFAS_FirefighterGear_960x600_v2.png.webp?itok=kOA9KITL" width="800" height="400" alt="The graphic depicts a firefighter wearing protective turnout gear with a diagram of the three layers of the gear, which are the outer shell, the moisture barrier and thermal barrier." typeof="foaf:Image"/> </div> </a> </div> <div class="nist-card__title padding-y-5"> <h3><span property="schema:name">Researchers Pin Down PFAS Prevalence in Firefighter Gear</span> </h3> </div> <div class="nist-card__links"> <div class="nist-card__button"> <a href="/web/20230830172026/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2023/05/researchers-pin-down-pfas-prevalence-firefighter-gear" class="usa-button ">Read more</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nist-card tablet:grid-col-4 nist-card--topic "> <div class="nist-card__inner"> <div class="nist-card__image"> <a href="/web/20230830172026/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2023/04/nists-nanofab-reopens-its-doors-universities-industry-and-research"> <div class="entity-reference"> <img loading="lazy" 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