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协褉薪褋褌 挟薪谐械褉. [小褌褉邪薪懈褑褘 懈蟹 写薪械胁薪懈泻邪]. 袠蟹谢褍褔械薪懈褟. 袣懈械胁, 9 褟薪胁邪褉褟 1943 | 袛芯泻褍屑械薪褌褘 XX 胁械泻邪
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胁 小芯胁械褌械 袧邪褑懈芯薪邪谢褜薪芯褋褌械泄 - 芯褋芯斜褘械, 褋锌械褑懈褎懈褔. 懈薪褌械褉械褋褘 薪邪褉芯写芯胁 小小小袪, 褋胁褟蟹邪薪薪褘械 褋 懈褏 薪邪褑. 芯褋芯斜械薪薪芯褋褌褟屑懈. 小芯芯褌胁械褌褋褌胁械薪薪芯 薪邪蟹薪邪褔械薪懈褞 锌邪谢邪褌 袣芯薪褋褌懈褌褍褑懈械泄 褍褋褌邪薪芯胁谢械薪 锌芯褉褟写芯泻 锌褉械写褋褌邪胁懈褌械谢褜褋褌胁邪 胁 薪懈褏. 小芯胁械褌 小芯褞蟹邪 懈蟹斜懈褉邪械褌褋褟 锌芯 薪芯褉屑械: 芯写懈薪 写械锌褍褌邪褌 薪邪 300 褌褘褋. 薪邪褋械谢械薪懈褟; 小芯胁械褌 袧邪褑懈芯薪邪谢褜薪芯褋褌械泄 懈蟹斜懈褉邪械褌褋褟 锌芯 薪芯褉屑械: 锌芯 32 写械锌褍褌邪褌邪 芯褌 泻邪卸写芯泄 褋芯褞蟹薪芯泄 褉械褋锌褍斜谢懈泻懈, 锌芯 11 写械锌褍褌邪褌芯胁 芯褌 泻邪卸写芯泄 邪胁褌. 褉械褋锌褍斜谢懈泻懈, 锌芯 5 写械锌褍褌邪褌芯胁 芯褌 泻邪卸写芯泄 邪胁褌. 芯斜谢邪褋褌懈 懈 锌芯 1 写械锌褍褌邪褌褍 芯褌 泻邪卸写芯谐芯 薪邪褑. 芯泻褉褍谐邪...袠褋锌芯谢褜蟹芯胁邪薪褘 屑邪褌械褉懈邪谢褘 袘芯谢褜褕芯泄 褋芯胁械褌褋泻芯泄 褝薪褑懈泻谢芯锌械写懈懈." rel="tag">袙械褉褏芯胁薪褘泄 小芯胁械褌</a> <a href="/taxonomy/term/224" class="cctags cctags-block vid-1 level-5 depth-0 count-338 ccfilter tooltip" title="袙褌芯褉邪褟 屑懈褉芯胁邪褟 胁芯泄薪邪 芯褏胁邪褌褘胁邪械褌 锌械褉懈芯写 胁褉械屑械薪懈 褋 1 褋械薪褌褟斜褉褟 1939 谐芯写邪 锌芯 2 褋械薪褌褟斜褉褟 1945 谐芯写邪. 小&nbsp;22 懈褞薪褟 1941 褏褉芯薪芯谢芯谐懈褔械褋泻懈 褋芯胁锌邪写邪械褌 褋 袙械谢懈泻芯泄 袨褌械褔械褋褌胁械薪薪芯泄 胁芯泄薪芯泄.&nbsp;袨锌懈褋邪薪懈褞 袙械谢懈泻芯泄 袨褌械褔械褋褌胁械薪薪芯泄 胁芯泄薪褘 锌芯褋胁褟褖械薪褘 褌褘褋褟褔懈 锌褍斜谢懈泻邪褑懈泄, 胁 褔邪褋褌薪芯褋褌懈 褋屑. 屑薪芯谐芯褌芯屑薪懈泻&nbsp;袠褋褌芯褉懈褟 袙械谢懈泻芯泄 袨褌械褔械褋褌胁械薪薪芯泄 胁芯泄薪褘 小芯胁械褌褋泻芯谐芯 小芯褞蟹邪 1941-1945 胁 褕械褋褌懈 褌芯屑邪褏. 袦., 1960-1965.&nbsp;" rel="tag">袙褌芯褉邪褟 屑懈褉芯胁邪褟</a> <a href="/taxonomy/term/1" class="cctags cctags-block vid-1 level-2 depth-0 count-111 ccfilter tooltip" title="袛袧袝袙袧袠袣 &mdash; 胁 褏褍写芯卸械褋褌胁械薪薪芯泄 谢懈褌械褉邪褌褍褉械 芯写懈薪 懈蟹 屑械屑褍邪褉薪褘褏 卸邪薪褉芯胁, 泻芯褌芯褉褘泄 锌褉械写锌芯谢邪谐邪械褌 芯锌褉械写械谢械薪薪褍褞 褎芯褉屑褍 懈蟹谢芯卸械薪懈褟, 泻邪泻 锌褉邪胁懈谢芯, 芯褋薪芯胁邪薪薪褍褞 薪邪 蟹邪锌懈褋褟褏, 褉邪褋锌芯谢芯卸械薪薪褘褏 胁 锌芯褋谢械写芯胁邪褌械谢褜薪芯屑, 褏褉芯薪芯谢芯谐懈褔械褋泻芯屑 锌芯褉褟写泻械. 袛薪械胁薪懈泻 芯斜褘褔薪芯 芯褌褉邪卸邪械褌 懈薪写懈胁懈写褍邪谢褜薪芯械 胁芯褋锌褉懈褟褌懈械 邪胁褌芯褉芯屑 褌械褏 懈谢懈 懈薪褘褏 褋芯斜褘褌懈泄, 谢懈斜芯 锌械褉械卸懈胁邪薪懈褟 胁薪褍褌褉械薪薪械谐芯 屑懈褉邪.袚褍褉褜械胁邪 孝.袧. 袧芯胁褘泄 谢懈褌械褉邪褌褍褉薪褘泄 褋谢芯胁邪褉褜 / 孝.袧. 袚褍褉褜械胁邪. &ndash; 袪芯褋褌芯胁 薪/袛, 肖械薪懈泻褋, 2009, 褋. 86." rel="tag">袛薪械胁薪懈泻</a> <a href="/taxonomy/term/6" class="cctags cctags-block vid-1 level-4 depth-0 count-274 ccfilter tooltip" title="袛袨袚袨袙袨袪 &mdash; 芯褎懈褑懈邪谢褜薪芯-邪泻褌芯胁褘泄 写芯泻褍屑械薪褌, 芯褎芯褉屑谢褟褞褖懈泄 胁蟹邪懈屑芯芯褌薪芯褕械薪懈褟 写胁褍褏 懈谢懈 薪械褋泻芯谢褜泻懈褏 褋褌芯褉芯薪 (谐芯褋褍写邪褉褋褌胁, 锌芯谢懈褌懈褔械褋泻懈褏 锌邪褉褌懈泄, 芯斜褖械褋褌胁械薪薪褘褏 芯褉谐邪薪懈蟹邪褑懈泄 懈 褔邪褋褌薪褘褏 谢懈褑). 袣邪泻 褉邪蟹薪芯胁懈写薪芯褋褌褜 屑械卸写褍薪邪褉芯写薪褘褏 褋芯谐谢邪褕械薪懈泄, 写芯谐芯胁芯褉 (胁 XIX 胁. &mdash; 褌褉邪泻褌邪褌) &mdash; 写懈锌谢芯屑邪褌懈褔械褋泻懈泄 邪泻褌, 懈屑械褞褖懈泄 蟹邪泻芯薪芯写邪褌械谢褜薪褘泄 褏邪褉邪泻褌械褉 懈 褍褋褌邪薪邪胁谢懈胁邪褞褖懈泄 锌褉邪胁邪 懈 芯斜褟蟹邪薪薪芯褋褌懈 写芯谐芯胁邪褉懈胁邪褞褖懈褏褋褟 褋褌芯褉芯薪 胁 芯斜谢邪褋褌懈 锌芯谢懈褌懈褔械褋泻懈褏 懈谢懈 褝泻芯薪芯屑懈褔械褋泻懈褏 芯褌薪芯褕械薪懈泄 (写芯谐芯胁芯褉褘 &mdash; 屑懈褉薪褘械, 褋芯褞蟹薪褘械, 芯 薪械泄褌褉邪谢懈褌械褌械 懈 褌. 写.). 袧邪懈斜芯谢械械 胁邪卸薪褘械 屑械卸写褍薪邪褉芯写薪褘械 写芯谐芯胁芯褉褘 锌芯写谢械卸邪褌 褉邪褌懈褎懈泻邪褑懈懈 (褍褌胁械褉卸写械薪懈褞) 谐谢邪胁芯泄 谐芯褋褍写邪褉褋褌胁邪 懈谢懈 胁褘褋褕懈屑 蟹邪泻芯薪芯写邪褌械谢褜薪褘屑 芯褉谐邪薪芯屑 褋褌褉邪薪褘.袨褉谢芯胁 袗.小., 袚械芯褉谐懈械胁邪 袧.袚., 袚械芯褉谐懈械胁 袙.袗. 袠褋褌芯褉懈褔械褋泻懈泄 褋谢芯胁邪褉褜. 2-械 懈蟹写. 袦., 2012, 褋. 166." rel="tag">袛芯谐芯胁芯褉</a> <a href="/taxonomy/term/102" class="cctags cctags-block vid-1 level-6 depth-0 count-601 ccfilter tooltip" title="袙 薪邪褋褌芯褟褖械泄 锌芯写褕懈胁泻械 褋芯斜褉邪薪褘 写芯泻褍屑械薪褌褘 蟹邪 锌械褉懈芯写 褋 芯泻褌褟斜褉褟 1917 锌芯 邪胁谐褍褋褌 1991 谐芯写邪. 袠薪褘屑懈 褋谢芯胁邪屑懈, 褝褌芯 褋斜芯褉薪懈泻 懈褋褌芯褉懈褔械褋泻懈褏 懈褋褌芯褔薪懈泻芯胁 锌芯 写械褉卸邪胁薪芯泄 胁薪械褕薪械泄 锌芯谢懈褌懈泻械 袪芯褋褋懈懈 蟹邪 胁械褋褜 褋芯胁械褌褋泻懈泄 锌械褉懈芯写. 袠 薪懈褔械谐芯 褋褌褉邪褕薪芯谐芯 薪械褌 胁 褌芯屑, 褔褌芯 胁 1917 谐芯写褍 械褖械 薪械 褋褍褖械褋褌胁芯胁邪谢芯 胁蟹褟褌芯谐芯 胁 蟹邪谐谢邪胁懈械 褋谢芯胁邪 小小小袪, 邪 袦袠袛 斜芯谢褜褕褍褞 褔邪褋褌褜 胁褉械屑械薪懈 薪邪蟹褘胁邪谢褋褟 袧袣袠袛. 袧械 胁 薪邪蟹胁邪薪懈懈 褋褍褌褜 写械谢邪, 邪 胁 锌褉芯胁芯写懈屑芯泄 薪邪 屑械卸写褍薪邪褉芯写薪芯泄 邪褉械薪械 锌芯谢懈褌懈泻械. 袨薪邪 芯褌谢懈褔邪谢邪褋褜 芯褌 胁褋械谐芯 褌芯谐芯, 褔褌芯 斜褘谢芯 写芯 1917-谐芯 懈 薪邪褔邪谢芯褋褜 锌芯褋谢械 1991-谐芯, 褉邪写懈泻邪谢褜薪芯 芯褌谢懈褔邪谢邪褋褜. 袩芯褌芯屑褍 懈 胁蟹褟褌邪 (锌芯谢懈褌懈泻邪, 芯褌褉邪蟹懈胁褕邪褟褋褟 胁 褝褌懈褏 写芯泻褍屑械薪褌邪褏) 芯褌写械谢褜薪芯泄 褌械屑芯泄.袛邪谢械械 褔懈褌邪泄褌械 写芯泻褍屑械薪褌褘:" rel="tag">袦袠袛 小小小袪</a> <a href="/taxonomy/term/129" class="cctags cctags-block vid-1 level-3 depth-0 count-185 ccfilter tooltip" title="袩芯写 邪斜斜褉械胁懈邪褌褍褉芯泄 袧袣袙袛 薪邪 写械谢械 褋芯斜褉邪薪褘 写芯泻褍屑械薪褌褘 褋褍褖械褋褌胁械薪薪芯 斜芯谢械械 褕懈褉芯泻芯谐芯 泻褉褍谐邪, 邪 懈屑械薪薪芯: 写芯泻褍屑械薪褌褘, 胁褘褕械写褕懈械 懈蟹 薪械写褉...&nbsp;袙效袣 - 袙褋械褉芯褋褋懈泄褋泻邪褟 效褉械蟹胁褘褔邪泄薪邪褟 袣芯屑懈褋褋懈褟 锌芯 斜芯褉褜斜械 泻 泻芯薪褌褉褉械胁芯谢褞褑懈械泄 (锌芯蟹写薪械械 - 懈 褋芯 褋锌械泻褍谢褟褑懈械泄). 袩褉械写褋械写邪褌械谢械屑 袙效袣 薪邪 胁械褋褜 锌械褉懈芯写 械械 褋褍褖械褋褌胁芯胁邪薪懈褟 斜褘谢 肖.协.袛蟹械褉卸懈薪褋泻懈泄, 泻芯褌芯褉褘泄 褌芯谐写邪 卸械 芯写薪芯胁褉械屑械薪薪芯 斜褘谢 懈 薪邪褉泻芯屑芯屑 胁薪褍褌褉械薪薪懈褏 写械谢 (屑邪褉褌 1919 - 1923 谐谐.).袪邪蟹写胁芯械薪懈械 褉褍泻芯胁芯写懈屑芯谐芯 芯写薪懈屑懈 懈 褌械屑懈 卸械 谢褞写褜屑懈 (懈 锌芯 褋褍褌懈 褋胁芯械泄 褉邪斜芯褌褘 械写懈薪芯谐芯) 芯褉谐邪薪邪 斜褘谢芯 锌褉械芯写芯谢械薪芯 6 褎械胁褉邪谢褟 (褌邪泻卸械 1 屑邪褉褌邪) 1922 谐芯写邪. 袙效袣 斜褘谢邪 锌褉械芯斜褉邪蟹芯胁邪薪邪 胁袚袩校 - 袚芯褋褍写邪褉褋褌胁械薪薪芯械 袩芯谢懈褌懈褔械褋泻芯械 校锌褉邪胁谢械薪懈械 袧袣袙袛 袪小肖小袪. 袩褉械写褋械写邪褌械谢械屑 袚袩校 芯褋褌邪谢褋褟, 械褋褌械褋褌胁械薪薪芯,&nbsp; 肖.协.袛蟹械褉卸懈薪褋泻懈泄 (1922 - 1923 谐芯写褘) 懈 邪锌锌邪褉邪褌 芯褋褌邪谢褋褟 锌褉械卸薪懈泄.小褌芯褟胁褕懈械 锌械褉械写 褉褍泻芯胁芯写褋褌胁芯屑 锌邪褉褌懈懈 蟹邪写邪褔懈 锌褉械写褍褋屑邪褌褉懈胁邪谢懈 胁 斜谢懈卸邪泄褕械屑 斜褍写褍褖械屑 蟹薪邪褔懈褌械谢褜薪芯械 &quot;褍褋懈谢械薪懈械 泻谢邪褋褋芯胁芯泄 斜芯褉褜斜褘&quot;, 泻 泻芯褌芯褉芯屑褍 褋谢械写芯胁邪谢芯 褏芯褉芯褕械薪褜泻芯 锌芯写谐芯褌芯胁懈褌褜褋褟. 23 薪芯褟斜褉褟 1923 谐芯写邪 (芯褌褔邪褋褌懈 薪邪褔懈薪邪褟 褍卸械 褋 懈褞谢褟) 褋褌邪褌褍褋 谐谢邪胁薪芯谐芯 泻邪褉邪褌械谢褜薪芯谐芯 芯褉谐邪薪邪 斜褘谢 锌芯胁褘褕械薪: 懈蟹 锌芯写褔懈薪械薪懈褟 薪邪褉泻芯屑邪褌邪 械谐芯 锌械褉械胁械谢懈 胁 锌褉褟屑芯械 锌芯写褔懈薪械薪懈械 锌褉邪胁懈褌械谢褜褋褌胁褍, 斜褘谢懈 褋泻芯褉褉械泻褌懈褉芯胁邪薪褘 褋褌褉褍泻褌褍褉邪 懈 薪邪蟹胁邪薪懈械 -袨袚袩校 - 袨斜褗械写懈薪械薪薪芯械 袚芯褋褍写邪褉褋褌胁械薪薪芯械 袩芯谢懈褌懈褔械褋泻芯械 校锌褉邪胁谢械薪懈械 锌褉懈 小袧袣 小小小袪. 袪褍泻芯胁芯写懈褌械谢褜 芯褋褌邪胁邪谢褋褟 锌褉械卸薪懈屑 褋 1923 懈 锌芯 懈褞谢褜 1926 谐芯写邪 (肖.协.袛蟹械褉卸懈薪褋泻懈泄 褋泻芯褉芯锌芯褋褌懈卸薪芯 褋芯泻薪褔邪谢褋褟), 邪 蟹邪褌械屑 袨袚袩校 胁芯蟹谐谢邪胁懈谢 袙.袪.袦械薪卸懈薪褋泻懈泄 (褋 懈褞谢褟 1926 锌芯 懈褞谢褜 1934 谐谐.).袣 1934 谐芯写褍 薪邪蟹褉械谢邪 薪褍卸写邪 褉械蟹泻芯 褍胁械谢懈褔懈褌褜 芯斜芯褉芯褌褘 泻邪褉邪褌械谢褜薪芯泄 屑邪褕懈薪褘. 袙 懈褞谢械 1934 谐芯写邪 械褖械 薪懈泻褌芯 薪械 蟹薪邪谢 芯 谐褉褟写褍褖械屑 褍斜懈泄褋褌胁械 小.袦.袣懈褉芯胁邪 懈 芯 泻邪屑锌邪薪懈懈 锌芯 芯斜胁懈薪械薪懈褞 胁芯 胁褋械褏 褋屑械褉褌薪褘褏 谐褉械褏邪褏 袟懈薪芯胁褜械胁邪 懈 袣邪屑械薪械胁邪 (褋泻芯褉械械 胁褋械谐芯, 胁 薪械写褉邪褏 泻邪褉邪褌械谢褜薪芯谐芯 邪锌锌邪褉邪褌邪 蟹邪屑褘褕谢褟谢邪褋褜 泻邪泻邪褟-褌芯 屑邪褋褕褌邪斜薪邪褟 锌褉芯胁芯泻邪褑懈褟, 薪褍卸写邪 胁 泻芯褌芯褉芯泄 芯褌锌邪谢邪 锌芯褋谢械 胁褘褋褌褉械谢邪 褉械胁薪懈胁芯谐芯 屑褍卸邪 胁 褋胁芯械谐芯 芯斜懈写褔懈泻邪, 泻芯褌芯褉褘屑 褋谢褍褔邪泄薪芯 懈 胁械褋褜屑邪 泻褋褌邪褌懈 芯泻邪蟹邪谢褋褟 褋械泻褉械褌邪褉褜 袥械薪懈薪谐褉邪写褋泻芯谐芯 谐芯褉泻芯屑邪 锌邪褉褌懈懈 小.袦.袣懈褉芯胁). 袨写薪邪泻芯 薪褍卸写邪 胁 褋芯胁械褉褕械薪褋褌胁芯胁邪薪懈懈 屑邪褕懈薪褘 褉械锌褉械褋褋懈泄 薪邪蟹褉械谢邪 懈屑械薪薪芯 胁 1934 谐芯写褍. 10 懈褞谢褟 斜褘谢 芯斜褉邪蟹芯胁邪薪 小芯褞蟹薪芯-褉械褋锌褍斜谢懈泻邪薪褋泻懈泄 袧袣袙袛 (褋屑. 袩芯褋褌邪薪芯胁谢械薪懈械 褑械薪褌褉邪谢褜薪芯谐芯 懈褋锌芯谢薪懈褌械谢褜薪芯谐芯 泻芯屑懈褌械褌邪 褋芯褞蟹邪 小小袪 芯斜 芯斜褉邪蟹芯胁邪薪懈懈 芯斜褖械褋芯褞蟹薪芯谐芯 薪邪褉芯写薪芯谐芯 泻芯屑懈褋褋邪褉懈邪褌邪 胁薪褍褌褉械薪薪懈褏 写械谢 芯褌 10 懈褞谢褟 1934 谐.), 胁 褋芯褋褌邪胁 泻芯褌芯褉芯谐芯 斜褘谢芯 胁泻谢褞褔械薪芯 袨袚袩校, 锌械褉械懈屑械薪芯胁邪薪薪芯械 胁袚校袚袘 - 袚谢邪胁薪芯械 校锌褉邪胁谢械薪懈械 袚芯褋褍写邪褉褋褌胁械薪薪芯泄 袘械蟹芯锌邪褋薪芯褋褌懈. 肖褍薪泻褑懈懈 锌褉械卸薪械谐芯 袨袚袩校 锌械褉械褕谢懈 泻 袧袣袙袛 小小小袪. 袧邪褉泻芯屑邪屑懈 胁薪褍褌褉械薪薪懈褏 写械谢 锌芯芯褔械褉械写薪芯 褋褌邪薪芯胁懈谢懈褋褜 袚.袚.携谐芯写邪 (懈褞谢褜 1934 - 褋械薪褌褟斜褉褜 1936), 袧.袠.袝卸芯胁 (褋械薪褌褟斜褉褜 1936 - 写械泻邪斜褉褜 1938), 袥.袩.袘械褉懈褟 (写械泻邪斜褉褜 1938 - 褟薪胁邪褉褜 1946). 小 1941 谐芯写邪 谐谢邪胁邪 胁械写芯屑褋褌胁邪 懈屑械薪褍械褌褋褟 袚械薪械褉邪谢褜薪褘泄 泻芯屑懈褋褋邪褉 谐芯褋褍写邪褉褋褌胁械薪薪芯泄 斜械蟹芯锌邪褋薪芯褋褌懈.3 褎械胁褉邪谢褟 1941 袧袣袙袛 小小小袪 褉邪蟹写械谢械薪 薪邪 写胁邪 褋邪屑芯褋褌芯褟褌械谢褜薪褘褏 芯褉谐邪薪邪: 袧袣袙袛 小小小袪, 泻芯褌芯褉褘泄 锌芯-锌褉械卸薪械屑褍 胁芯蟹谐谢邪胁谢褟械褌褋褟 袥.袩.袘械褉懈褟 懈 蟹邪薪懈屑邪械褌褋褟 褋芯斜褋褌胁械薪薪芯 胁薪褍褌褉械薪薪懈屑懈 写械谢邪屑懈 懈袧袣袚袘 - 袧邪褉芯写薪褘泄 袣芯屑懈褋褋邪褉懈邪褌 袚芯褋褍写邪褉褋褌胁械薪薪芯泄 袘械蟹芯锌邪褋薪芯褋褌懈 小小小袪, 泻芯褌芯褉褘泄 胁芯蟹谐谢邪胁谢褟械褌 袙.袧.袦械褉泻褍谢芯胁 (1941). 袨写薪邪泻芯 薪邪褔邪谢芯 胁芯泄薪褘 锌芯斜褍卸写邪械褌 胁褘褋褕褍褞 胁谢邪褋褌褜 锌褉芯懈蟹胁械褋褌懈 芯斜褉邪褌薪褍褞 芯锌械褉邪褑懈褞. 袧袣袚袘 小小小袪 懈 袧袣袙袛 小小小袪 褋谢懈胁邪褞褌褋褟 胁 械写懈薪褘泄 芯褉谐邪薪 袧袣袙袛 小小小袪 胁芯 谐谢邪胁械 褋 袥.袩.袘械褉懈褟.14 邪锌褉械谢褟 1943 谐芯写邪 懈褏 芯锌褟褌褜 褉邪蟹写械谢褟褞褌 薪邪 &nbsp; 袧袣袚袘 小小小袪 懈 袧袣袙袛 小小小袪 锌芯写 褉褍泻芯胁芯写褋褌胁芯屑 芯锌褟褌褜-褌邪泻懈 袥.袩.袘械褉懈褟 懈 袙.袧.袦械褉泻褍谢芯胁邪. 袙 褟薪胁邪褉械 1946 谐芯写邪 袥.袩.袘械褉懈褞 褋屑械薪褟械褌 袙.小.袗斜邪泻褍屑芯胁15 屑邪褉褌邪 1946 谐芯写邪 泻邪褉邪褌械谢褜薪褘械 芯褉谐邪薪褘 锌械褉械懈屑械薪芯胁褘胁邪褞褌褋褟 胁袦袚袘 - 袦懈薪懈褋褌械褉褋褌胁芯 袚芯褋褍写邪褉褋褌胁械薪薪芯泄 袘械蟹芯锌邪褋薪芯褋褌懈 小小小袪 胁芯 谐谢邪胁械 褋 袙.小.袗斜邪泻褍屑芯胁褘屑 &nbsp; (薪芯褟斜褉褜 1951 - 懈褞薪褜 1951) 懈袦袙袛 - 袦懈薪懈褋褌械褉褋褌胁芯 袙薪褍褌褉械薪薪懈褏 袛械谢 小小小袪 胁芯 谐谢邪胁械 褋 小.袛.袠谐薪邪褌褜械胁褘屑 (薪芯褟斜褉褜 1951 - 屑邪褉褌 1953).袩芯褋谢械 褋屑械褉褌懈 袠.小褌邪谢懈薪邪, 15 屑邪褉褌邪 1953 谐芯写邪 屑懈薪懈褋褌械褉褋褌胁邪 褋谢懈胁邪褞褌褋褟 胁 芯写薪芯 袦袙袛 小小小袪. 袩芯褔褌懈 褔械褉械蟹 谐芯写, 13 屑邪褉褌邪 1954 谐芯写邪 褎褍薪泻褑懈懈 谐芯褋褍写邪褉褋褌胁械薪薪芯泄 斜械蟹芯锌邪褋薪芯褋褌懈 锌械褉械写邪褞褌褋褟 胁薪芯胁褜 褋芯蟹写邪薪薪芯屑褍袣袚袘 - 袣芯屑懈褌械褌褍 袚芯褋褍写邪褉褋褌胁械薪薪芯泄 袘械蟹芯锌邪褋薪芯褋褌懈 锌褉懈 小芯胁械褌械 袦懈薪懈褋褌褉芯胁 小小小袪. 孝邪泻邪褟 褋褌褉褍泻褌褍褉邪 褋芯褏褉邪薪褟械褌褋褟 胁锌谢芯褌褜 写芯 褉邪蟹胁邪谢邪 小小小袪." rel="tag">袧袣袙袛</a> <a href="/taxonomy/term/564" class="cctags cctags-block vid-1 level-4 depth-0 count-254 ccfilter tooltip" title="袨校袧 (袨褉谐邪薪懈蟹邪褑懈褟 褍泻褉邪懈薪褋泻懈褏 薪邪褑懈芯薪邪谢懈褋褌芯胁), 芯斜褗械写懈薪械薪懈械 胁 袟邪锌. 校泻褉邪懈薪械 胁 1929 &mdash; 薪邪褔. 1950-褏 谐谐.; 锌褉械械屑薪懈褑邪 校泻褉邪懈薪褋泻芯泄 胁芯泄褋泻芯胁芯泄 芯褉谐邪薪懈蟹邪褑懈懈 (校袙袨). 袨褉谐邪薪懈蟹芯胁邪谢邪 胁芯械薪薪褘械 褎芯褉屑懈褉芯胁邪薪懈褟 &mdash; 校泻褉邪懈薪褋泻褍褞 锌芯胁褋褌邪薪褔械褋泻褍褞 邪褉屑懈褞, 斜芯褉芯胁褕褍褞褋褟 锌褉芯褌懈胁 小芯胁械褌褋泻芯泄 袗褉屑懈懈 胁 袙械谢懈泻褍褞 袨褌械褔械褋褌胁械薪薪褍褞 胁芯泄薪褍. 袩芯褋谢械 1945 芯褋褌邪褌泻懈 袨校袧 写芯 薪邪褔. 1950-褏 谐谐. 写械泄褋褌胁芯胁邪谢懈 锌芯写锌芯谢褜薪芯.协薪褑懈泻谢芯锌械写懈褔械褋泻懈泄 褋谢芯胁邪褉褜. 2009." rel="tag">袨校袧</a> <a href="/taxonomy/term/23" class="cctags cctags-block vid-1 level-1 depth-0 count-93 ccfilter tooltip" title="小邪屑芯 褋芯斜芯泄 锌芯薪褟褌薪芯, 褔褌芯 薪邪 蟹邪褟胁谢械薪薪褍褞 胁 褝褌芯屑 锌褍薪泻褌械 褋锌褉邪胁芯褔薪懈泻邪 (芯斜谢邪泻邪 褌褝谐芯胁) 褌械屑褍 褍卸械 薪邪锌懈褋邪薪褘 褌褘褋褟褔懈 褌芯屑芯胁 懈褋褋谢械写芯胁邪褌械谢械泄. 袩芯褝褌芯屑褍 锌芯写斜芯褉泻褍 写芯泻褍屑械薪褌芯胁 锌芯写 蟹邪谐谢邪胁懈械屑 &quot;袨泻褌褟斜褉褜 1917 谐芯写邪&quot; 锌褉懈褕谢芯褋褜 褋懈谢褜薪芯 芯谐褉邪薪懈褔懈褌褜 胁褉械屑械薪薪褘屑懈 褉邪屑泻邪屑懈, 邪 懈屑械薪薪芯: 蟹写械褋褜 褋芯斜褉邪薪褘 懈褋褌芯褉懈褔械褋泻懈械 懈褋褌芯褔薪懈泻懈, 褋芯蟹写邪薪薪褘械 蟹邪 芯写懈薪 - 写胁邪 写谢褟 写芯 袨泻褌褟斜褉褜褋泻芯谐芯 锌械褉械胁芯褉芯褌邪 懈 蟹邪 写胁邪 - 褌褉懈 写薪褟 锌芯褋谢械. 袠褋泻谢褞褔械薪懈褟 懈蟹 褝褌芯谐芯 锌褉邪胁懈谢邪 械写懈薪懈褔薪褘.袛邪谢械械 褔懈褌邪泄褌械 写芯泻褍屑械薪褌褘:" rel="tag">袨泻褌褟斜褉褜 1917 谐芯写邪</a> <a href="/taxonomy/term/136" class="cctags cctags-block vid-1 level-4 depth-0 count-260 ccfilter tooltip" title="袪褍斜褉懈泻邪 &quot;袩懈褋褜屑芯&quot; 薪邪 褋邪泄褌械 袛芯泻褍屑械薪褌褘 XX 胁械泻邪 锌褉械写褋褌邪胁谢械薪邪 褕懈褉芯泻芯, 写邪卸械 褋谢懈褕泻芯屑. 袩芯褝褌芯屑褍 锌芯写邪胁谢褟褞褖械械 斜芯谢褜褕懈薪褋褌胁芯 锌懈褋械屑 芯褌屑械褔械薪芯 懈薪褘屑 褌褝谐芯屑, 薪邪锌褉懈屑械褉, 袦袠袛 小小小袪 懈谢懈 写褉褍谐懈屑懈. 袣 褋芯斜褋褌胁械薪薪芯 褝褌芯泄 褉褍斜褉懈泻械 芯褌薪械褋械薪褘 锌懈褋褜屑邪, 薪械 锌芯写锌邪写邪褞褖懈械 锌芯写 懈薪褍褞 泻谢邪褋褋懈褎懈泻邪褑懈褞, 薪邪锌褉懈屑械褉, 谢懈褔薪褘械 锌懈褋褜屑邪 懈褋褌芯褉懈褔械褋泻芯谐芯 谢懈褑邪 褋胁芯懈屑 斜谢懈蟹泻懈屑 写褉褍蟹褜褟屑 懈 褔谢械薪邪屑 褋械屑褜懈.+ + +袛邪屑邪 褋 锌褉懈褋谢褍谐芯泄, 写械褉卸邪褖械泄 锌懈褋褜屑芯.袩袠小鞋袦袨. 肖褉邪薪褑褍蟹褋泻懈泄 褌械褉屑懈薪 l&#39;茅criture, 泻邪泻 芯薪 褉邪蟹褉邪斜邪褌褘胁邪谢褋褟 胁 褋褌褉褍泻褌褍褉邪谢懈褋褌褋泻芯泄 褌褉邪写懈褑懈懈, 薪械 锌芯写写邪械褌褋褟 褌芯褔薪芯屑褍 锌械褉械胁芯写褍 薪邪 写褉褍谐懈械 褟蟹褘泻懈: 懈 胁 邪薪谐谢懈泄褋泻芯屑 wrighting, 懈 胁 薪械屑械褑泻芯屑 Schrift 懈谢懈 Schreiben 褌械褉褟械褌褋褟 褑械谢褘泄 锌谢邪褋褌 蟹薪邪褔械薪懈泄. 袩懈褋褜屑芯 褍泻邪蟹褘胁邪械褌 薪邪 褉械邪谢褜薪芯褋褌褜, 薪械 褋胁芯写懈屑褍褞 泻 懈薪褌械薪褑懈褟屑 褌芯泄 懈谢懈 懈薪芯泄 锌褉芯懈蟹胁芯写褟褖械泄 褌械泻褋褌 谢懈褔薪芯褋褌懈. 校 袞. 袛械褉褉懈写邪 l&#39;茅criture 锌芯褔褌懈 褉邪胁薪芯蟹薪邪褔薪芯 &laquo;锌械褉胁芯锌懈褋褜屑褍&raquo; (Urschrift); 胁 锌芯褋褌褋褌褉褍泻褌褍褉邪谢懈褋褌褋泻芯屑 (袩芯褋褌褋褌褉褍泻褌褍褉邪谢懈蟹屑) 谢懈褌械褉邪褌褍褉芯胁械写械薪懈懈, 懈褋褏芯写褟褖械屑 懈蟹 褌械芯褉械屑褘 芯 &laquo;褋屑械褉褌懈 邪胁褌芯褉邪&raquo;, 芯斜褉邪褖械薪懈械 泻 褎械薪芯屑械薪褍 锌. 芯斜褍褋谢芯胁谢械薪芯 芯褌泻邪蟹芯屑 芯褌 褋胁褟蟹懈 褟蟹褘泻邪 褋 褔械谢芯胁械泻芯屑 泻邪泻 械谐芯 薪邪褔邪谢芯屑 懈 懈褋褌芯褔薪懈泻芯屑. 袩芯薪褟褌懈械 锌懈褋褜屑邪 懈谐褉邪械褌 泻谢褞褔械胁褍褞 褉芯谢褜 胁 锌芯谢械屑懈泻械 写械泻芯薪褋褌褉褍泻褌懈胁懈蟹屑邪 (褉械泻芯薪褋褌褉褍泻褑懈褟) 褋 褌褉邪写懈褑懈芯薪薪芯泄 谢懈褌械褉邪褌褍褉芯泄 泻邪泻 谢懈褌械褉邪褌褍褉芯泄 &laquo;锌褉懈褋褍褌褋褌胁懈褟&raquo; - 锌芯 邪薪邪谢芯谐懈懈 褋 写械褉褉懈写懈邪薪褋泻芯泄 泻褉懈褌懈泻芯泄 &laquo;屑械褌邪褎懈蟹懈泻懈 锌褉懈褋褍褌褋褌胁懈褟&raquo;.小芯谐谢邪褋薪芯 袪. 袘邪褉褌褍, 锌懈褋褜屑芯 械褋褌褜 &laquo;褌芯褔泻邪 褋胁芯斜芯写褘 锌懈褋邪褌械谢褟 屑械卸写褍 褟蟹褘泻芯屑 懈 褋褌懈谢械屑&raquo;. 袩懈褕褍褖懈泄 胁褋械谐写邪 薪邪褏芯写懈褌褋褟 胁 锌褉芯屑械卸褍褌泻械 屑械卸写褍 褟蟹褘泻芯屑, 写邪薪薪褘屑 械屑褍 泻邪泻 胁薪械褕薪械械, 懈 懈写褍褖懈屑 &laquo;懈蟹薪褍褌褉懈&raquo; 褋褌懈谢械屑; 褍 薪械谐芯, 褌邪泻懈屑 芯斜褉邪蟹芯屑, 薪械 芯褋褌邪械褌褋褟 懈薪芯谐芯 胁褘斜芯褉邪, 泻褉芯屑械 褎芯褉屑邪谢褜薪芯泄 褉械邪谢褜薪芯褋褌懈 锌懈褋褜屑邪. 袩懈褋褜屑芯 胁褘褉邪卸邪械褌 芯褌薪芯褕械薪懈械 屑械卸写褍 褌胁芯褉褔械褋褌胁芯屑 懈 芯斜褖械褋褌胁芯屑.小芯胁褉械屑械薪薪邪褟 谢懈薪谐胁懈褋褌懈泻邪, 泻邪泻 懈 谐褉械褔械褋泻邪褟 褎懈谢芯褋芯褎懈褟, 薪邪褔懈薪邪褟 褋 袩谢邪褌芯薪邪, 褌褉械褌懈褉芯胁邪谢邪 锌懈褋褜屑芯 泻邪泻 薪械褔褌芯 胁褌芯褉懈褔薪芯械 锌芯 芯褌薪芯褕械薪懈褞 泻 褟蟹褘泻褍 泻邪泻 褉械褔懈. 小芯谐谢邪褋薪芯 肖. 写械 小芯褋褋褞褉褍, 械写懈薪褋褌胁械薪薪褘屑 芯锌褉邪胁写邪薪懈械屑 褋褍褖械褋褌胁芯胁邪薪懈褞 锌. 褟胁谢褟械褌褋褟 褉械锌褉械蟹械薪褌邪褑懈褟 褉械褔懈. 袗斜褋芯谢褞褌薪褘泄 锌褉懈屑邪褌 褉械褔懈, 谐芯谢芯褋邪, 褎芯薪械屑褘 薪邪写 锌懈褋褜屑芯屑 褋褌邪谢 写谢褟 袞. 袛械褉褉懈写邪 锌芯胁芯写芯屑 锌芯褋褌邪胁懈褌褜 胁芯锌褉芯褋 芯 谢芯谐芯-褎芯薪芯-褑械薪褌褉懈蟹屑械 褋芯胁褉械屑械薪薪芯泄 械胁褉芯锌械泄褋泻芯泄 褉邪褑懈芯薪邪谢褜薪芯褋褌懈. 袞. 袛械褉褉懈写邪 薪邪褏芯写懈褌, 褔褌芯 褍斜械卸写械薪懈械 肖. 写械 小芯褋褋褞褉邪 胁 邪斜褋芯谢褞褌薪芯泄 褔褍卸写芯褋褌懈 锌懈褋褜屑邪 胁薪褍褌褉械薪薪械泄 褋懈褋褌械屑械 褟蟹褘泻邪 胁芯褋褏芯写懈褌 泻 懈蟹胁械褋褌薪芯屑褍 褍褌胁械褉卸写械薪懈褞 袗褉懈褋褌芯褌械谢褟, 褋芯谐谢邪褋薪芯 泻芯褌芯褉芯屑褍 褉械褔褜 薪械锌芯褋褉械写褋褌胁械薪薪芯 锌械褉械写邪械褌 锌褉械写褋褌邪胁谢械薪懈褟 写褍褕懈, 锌懈褋褜屑芯 卸械 胁褋械谐芯 谢懈褕褜 胁褘褉邪卸邪械褌 褌芯, 褔褌芯 褍卸械 蟹邪谢芯卸械薪芯 胁 褉械褔懈, 谐芯谢芯褋械. 孝械屑 褋邪屑褘屑 褍褋褌薪邪褟 褉械褔褜 芯泻邪蟹褘胁邪械褌褋褟 斜谢懈卸械 泻 懈褋褌懈薪械, 褔械屑 锌懈褋褜屑械薪薪邪褟, 泻芯褌芯褉芯泄 芯褋褌邪械褌褋褟 褋泻褉芯屑薪褘泄 褍写械谢 &laquo;屑邪褌械褉懈懈&raquo;, &laquo;胁薪械褕薪械谐芯&raquo;, &laquo;锌褉芯褋褌褉邪薪褋褌胁械薪薪芯谐芯&raquo;. 袪械褔褜 写胁懈卸懈屑邪 卸懈胁褘屑 写褘褏邪薪懈械屑, 褌芯谐写邪 泻邪泻 锌懈褋褜屑芯 邪褋褋芯褑懈懈褉褍械褌褋褟 褋 芯屑械褉褌胁谢械薪懈械屑, 薪械褋械褌 胁 褋械斜械 褋屑械褉褌褜; 芯薪芯, 锌芯 褋褍褌懈, 褍卸械 械褋褌褜 褋屑械褉褌褜, 懈谢懈, 泻邪泻 谐芯胁芯褉懈褌 袞. 袛械褉褉懈写邪, 胁褋械谐写邪 懈屑械械褌 褏邪褉邪泻褌械褉 蟹邪胁械褖邪薪懈褟.小芯胁褉械屑械薪薪邪褟 蟹邪锌邪写薪邪褟 褎懈谢芯褋芯褎懈褟. 协薪褑懈泻谢芯锌械写懈褔械褋泻懈泄 褋谢芯胁邪褉褜 / 袩芯写. 褉械写. 袨. 啸械褎褎械, 袙.小. 袦邪谢邪褏芯胁邪, 袙.袩. 肖懈谢邪褌芯胁邪, 锌褉懈 褍褔邪褋褌懈懈 孝.袗. 袛屑懈褌褉懈械胁邪. 袦., 2009, 褋. 168-169.&nbsp;&nbsp;" rel="tag">袩懈褋褜屑芯</a> <a href="/taxonomy/term/989" class="cctags cctags-block vid-1 level-3 depth-0 count-145 ccfilter tooltip" title="" rel="tag">小芯谐谢邪褕械薪懈械</a> <a href="/taxonomy/term/5" class="cctags cctags-block vid-1 level-2 depth-0 count-119 ccfilter tooltip" title="孝械褉褉芯褉懈蟹屑 (Terrorism) - 芯写懈薪 懈蟹 胁邪褉懈邪薪褌芯胁 褌邪泻褌懈泻懈 锌芯谢懈褌懈褔械褋泻芯泄 斜芯褉褜斜褘, 褋胁褟蟹邪薪薪褘泄 褋 锌褉懈屑械薪械薪懈械屑 懈写械芯谢芯谐懈褔械褋泻懈 屑芯褌懈胁懈褉芯胁邪薪薪芯谐芯 薪邪褋懈谢懈褟. 小褍褌褜 褌械褉褉芯褉懈蟹屑邪 &ndash; 薪邪褋懈谢懈械 褋 褑械谢褜褞 褍褋褌褉邪褕械薪懈褟. 小褍斜褗械泻褌 褌械褉褉芯褉懈褋褌懈褔械褋泻芯谐芯 薪邪褋懈谢懈褟 - 芯褌写械谢褜薪褘械 谢懈褑邪 懈谢懈 薪械锌褉邪胁懈褌械谢褜褋褌胁械薪薪褘械 芯褉谐邪薪懈蟹邪褑懈懈. 袨斜褗械泻褌 薪邪褋懈谢懈褟 - 胁谢邪褋褌褜 胁 谢懈褑械 芯褌写械谢褜薪褘褏 谐芯褋褍写邪褉褋褌胁械薪薪褘褏 褋谢褍卸邪褖懈褏 懈谢懈 芯斜褖械褋褌胁芯 胁 谢懈褑械 芯褌写械谢褜薪褘褏 谐褉邪卸写邪薪 (胁 褌芯屑 褔懈褋谢械 懈薪芯褋褌褉邪薪褑械胁, 懈谢懈 谐芯褋褋谢褍卸邪褖懈褏 懈薪褘褏 谐芯褋褍写邪褉褋褌胁). 袣褉芯屑械 褌芯谐芯 - 褔邪褋褌薪芯械 懈 谐芯褋褍写邪褉褋褌胁械薪薪芯械 懈屑褍褖械褋褌胁芯, 懈薪褎褉邪褋褌褉褍泻褌褍褉褘, 褋懈褋褌械屑褘 卸懈蟹薪械芯斜械褋锌械褔械薪懈褟. 笑械谢褜 薪邪褋懈谢懈褟 &ndash; 写芯斜懈褌褜褋褟 卸械谢邪褌械谢褜薪芯谐芯 写谢褟 褌械褉褉芯褉懈褋褌芯胁 褉邪蟹胁懈褌懈褟 褋芯斜褘褌懈泄 - 褉械胁芯谢褞褑懈懈, 写械褋褌邪斜懈谢懈蟹邪褑懈懈 芯斜褖械褋褌胁邪, 褉邪蟹胁褟蟹褘胁邪薪懈褟 胁芯泄薪褘 褋 懈薪芯褋褌褉邪薪薪褘屑 谐芯褋褍写邪褉褋褌胁芯屑, 芯斜褉械褌械薪懈褟 薪械蟹邪胁懈褋懈屑芯褋褌懈 薪械泻芯褌芯褉芯泄 褌械褉褉懈褌芯褉懈械泄, 锌邪写械薪懈褟 锌褉械褋褌懈卸邪 胁谢邪褋褌懈, 锌芯谢懈褌懈褔械褋泻懈褏 褍褋褌褍锌芯泻 褋芯 褋褌芯褉芯薪褘 胁谢邪褋褌懈 懈 褌.写.袪邪蟹胁械褉薪褍褌芯械 芯锌褉械写械谢械薪懈械 褌械褉褉芯褉懈蟹屑邪 褋屑. 胁 锌褉芯械泻褌械 &quot;袩芯薪褟褌懈褟 懈 泻邪褌械谐芯褉懈懈&quot; - 褋褌. 孝械褉褉芯褉懈蟹屑." rel="tag">孝械褉褉芯褉懈蟹屑</a> <a href="/taxonomy/term/451" class="cctags cctags-block vid-1 level-1 depth-0 count-73 ccfilter tooltip" title="协屑懈谐褉邪褑懈褟. 协褌邪 锌芯写褕懈胁泻邪 写芯泻褍屑械薪褌芯胁 锌芯褋胁褟褖械薪邪 胁 锌械褉褍褞 芯褔械褉械写褜 褉褍褋褋泻芯泄 褝屑懈谐褉邪褑懈懈. 孝褉械褏 胁芯谢薪. 袙褋褟泻芯泄. 啸芯褌褟 锌褉械懈屑褍褖械褋褌胁械薪薪芯 薪邪褋 斜褍写褍褌 懈薪褌械褉械褋芯胁邪褌褜 褉褍褋褋泻懈械 锌芯写写邪薪薪褘械, 芯褌锌褉邪胁懈胁褕懈械褋褟 胁 袟邪锌邪写薪褍褞 袝胁褉芯锌褍. 袠 褋邪屑邪褟 胁邪卸薪邪褟 写谢褟 锌芯薪懈屑邪薪懈褟 锌褉芯懈蟹芯褕械写褕械谐芯 胁 薪邪褔邪谢械 XX 胁械泻邪 胁 袪芯褋褋懈懈, 泻芯薪械褔薪芯 卸械, 褉械胁芯谢褞褑懈芯薪薪邪褟 褝屑懈谐褉邪褑懈褟, 懈蟹 泻芯褌芯褉芯泄 胁 1917 谐芯写褍 胁械褉薪褍谢懈褋褜 斜械谐谢械褑褘, 胁 屑懈谐 褋褌邪胁褕懈械 锌芯斜械写懈褌械谢褟屑懈 褋褌褉邪薪褘, 锌芯褌械褉锌械胁褕械泄 锌芯褉邪卸械薪懈械 胁 屑懈褉芯胁芯泄 胁芯泄薪械. 袛芯 褋懈褏 锌芯褉 薪械 懈褋褋谢械写芯胁邪薪褘 写芯谢卸薪褘屑 芯斜褉邪蟹芯屑 褌械 褑械薪褌褉褘, 胁 泻芯褌芯褉褘褏 褉褍褋褋泻懈褏 褝屑懈谐褉邪薪褌芯胁 褍褔懈谢懈 褉械胁芯谢褞褑懈懈. 袙 袥芯薪卸褞屑芯 懈 薪邪 袣邪锌褉懈. 袛芯 褋懈褏 锌芯褉 薪械褟褋薪芯: 谐写械 懈 褍 泻芯谐芯 芯薪懈 薪邪褍褔懈谢懈褋褜 褌邪泻 谢芯胁泻芯 蟹邪褏胁邪褌褘胁邪褌褜 胁谢邪褋褌褜, 褔褌芯 邪卸 写芯 37-谐芯 褌芯谢褜泻芯 褌械屑 懈 蟹邪薪懈屑邪谢懈褋褜, 褔褌芯 写褉褍谐 褍 写褉褍谐邪 械械 蟹邪褏胁邪褌褘胁邪谢懈... 锌芯泻邪 锌芯褔褌懈 胁褋械 锌褉懈械褏邪胁褕懈械 懈蟹 褝屑懈谐褉邪褑懈懈 芯斜褉邪褌薪芯 胁 薪械械 薪械 褍械褏邪谢懈, 薪邪 袟邪锌邪写... 泻褉芯屑械 褌械褏, 褉邪蟹褍屑械械褌褋褟, 泻褌芯 褍械褏邪谢 胁 写褉褍谐懈械 褋褌芯褉芯薪褘 - 薪邪 小械胁械褉邪, 胁 小懈斜懈褉褜, 胁 谢邪谐械褉褟... 胁 谢邪谐械褉薪褍褞 锌褘谢褜..." rel="tag">协屑懈谐褉邪褑懈褟</a> </div><div class="more-link"><a href="/cctags/page/1" title="袦械褌邪 褌械谐懈">袝褖褢</a></div> </div> </div> <div id="block-menu-menu-other" class="block block-menu"> <h2>袨褋褌邪谢褜薪芯械</h2> <div class="content"> <ul class="menu clearfix"><li class="first last leaf"><a href="/other">小褌邪褌褜懈</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <!-- /.section, /#sidebar-first --> <div id="content" class="column"><div class="section"> <div id="highlighted"> <div class="region region-highlighted"> <div id="block-block-4" class="block block-block"> <h2>袩芯懈褋泻 锌芯 写芯泻褍屑械薪褌邪屑 XX 胁械泻邪</h2> <div class="content"> <div id="cse-search-form" style="width: 100%;">Loading</div> <script src="https://www.google.com/jsapi" type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> google.load('search', '1', {language : 'ru', style : google.loader.themes.MINIMALIST}); 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[小褌褉邪薪懈褑褘 懈蟹 写薪械胁薪懈泻邪]. 袠蟹谢褍褔械薪懈褟. 袣懈械胁, 9 褟薪胁邪褉褟 1943 </h1> <div class="tabs"> </div> <div class="region region-content"> <div id="block-system-main" class="block block-system"> <div class="content"> <div id="node-2972" class="node node-article node-full clearfix" about="/node/2972" typeof="sioc:Item foaf:Document"> <span property="dc:title" content="协褉薪褋褌 挟薪谐械褉. [小褌褉邪薪懈褑褘 懈蟹 写薪械胁薪懈泻邪]. 袠蟹谢褍褔械薪懈褟. 袣懈械胁, 9 褟薪胁邪褉褟 1943" class="rdf-meta element-hidden"></span> <div class="content clearfix"> <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even" property="content:encoded"><p align="right"><em>袣懈械胁, 9 褟薪胁邪褉褟 1943</em></p><p>袙芯蟹胁褉邪褖邪褟褋褜, 卸懈胁芯 胁褋锌芯屑懈薪邪谢 芯褌褑邪. 携 薪械 胁懈写械谢 械谐芯 褋 1940 谐芯写邪, 泻芯谐写邪 锌芯褋谢械 褎褉邪薪褑褍蟹褋泻芯泄 锌芯谢械胁芯泄 泻邪屑锌邪薪懈懈 芯褌写褘褏邪谢 胁 袥邪泄褋薪懈谐械. 袩邪褉褍 褉邪蟹 褟 胁褋械 卸械 谐芯胁芯褉懈谢 褋 薪懈屑 锌芯 褌械谢械褎芯薪褍. 袠 胁芯褌 胁 斜械蟹屑械褉薪芯泄 褍褋褌邪谢芯褋褌懈 褉邪薪薪懈褏 褍褌褉械薪薪懈褏 褔邪褋芯胁 褟 褍胁懈写械谢 薪邪 褌械屑薪芯屑 薪械斜械 械谐芯 谐谢邪蟹邪, 褋懈褟褞褖懈械 懈 谐芯谢褍斜褘械, 械褖械 斜芯谢械械 谐谢褍斜芯泻懈械 懈 卸懈胁褘械, 褔械屑 锌褉械卸写械, — 谐谢邪蟹邪, 泻邪泻懈械 斜褘谢懈 褍 薪械谐芯 芯写薪芯谐芯. 携 胁懈写械谢 懈褏, 芯薪懈, 薪邪锌芯谢薪械薪薪褘械 谐谢褍斜芯泻芯泄 谢褞斜芯胁褜褞, 芯褋褌邪薪芯胁懈谢懈褋褜 薪邪 屑薪械. 袣芯谐写邪-薪懈斜褍写褜 屑薪械 褍写邪褋褌褋褟 芯褌写邪褌褜 械屑褍 写芯谢卸薪芯械 泻邪泻 褔械谢芯胁械泻褍, 褋芯械写懈薪懈胁褕械屑褍 屑褍卸褋泻芯泄 懈薪褌械谢谢械泻褌 褋 褋械褉写械褔薪芯泄 屑邪褌械褉懈薪褋泻芯泄 谢褞斜芯胁褜褞.</p><p>袙 写胁邪 褔邪褋邪 锌褉懈斜褘褌懈械 胁 袗褉屑邪胁懈褉, 谐写械 褟 薪械屑薪芯谐芯 锌芯写褉械屑邪谢 薪邪 褌褍谐芯 薪邪斜懈褌褘褏 锌芯褔褌芯胁褘褏 屑械褕泻邪褏. 小芯薪薪褘械 褋械泻褉械褌邪褉懈 褉邪蟹斜懈褉邪谢懈 锌懈褋褜屑邪 懈 锌芯褋褘谢泻懈, 锌芯泻邪 薪邪 谐芯褉芯写 锌邪写邪谢懈 斜芯屑斜褘. 袩芯褋褉械写懈 褝褌芯泄 斜械褋锌芯泻芯泄薪芯泄 写褉械屑褘 褟 芯褖褍褖邪谢 胁褋褞 褌褟卸械褋褌褜 薪芯褔薪芯泄 褋褌芯褉芯薪褘 胁芯泄薪褘, 薪械锌褉械屑械薪薪芯泄 锌褉懈薪邪写谢械卸薪芯褋褌褜褞 泻芯褌芯褉芯泄 褟胁谢褟械褌褋褟 斜械褋褋芯薪薪懈褑邪, 胁褋械 褝褌懈 斜械褋泻芯薪械褔薪褘械 薪芯褔薪褘械 斜写械薪懈褟 薪邪 褎褉芯薪褌械, 薪邪 褉芯写懈薪械, 胁 褌褘谢芯胁芯泄 褋谢褍卸斜械.</p><p>袙 褕械褋褌褜 褔邪褋芯胁 芯褌谢械褌 胁 斜谢械褋褌械胁褕械泄 蟹械谢械薪褘屑 谢邪泻芯屑 屑邪褕懈薪械, 薪芯褋懈胁褕械泄 薪邪蟹胁邪薪懈械 «Globetrotter» 懈 褍锌褉邪胁谢褟械屑芯泄 锌褉懈薪褑械屑 懈蟹 袣芯斜褍褉谐-袚芯褌芯胁. 效械褉械蟹 写胁邪 褔邪褋邪 屑褘 锌械褉械谢械褌械谢懈 袛芯薪, 蟹械谢械薪褘泄, 蟹邪屑械褉蟹褕懈泄, 锌芯泻褉褘褌褘泄 斜械谢褘屑懈 谢械写褟薪褘屑懈 褌芯褉芯褋邪屑懈. 袧邪 写芯褉芯谐邪褏 胁懈写薪械谢褋褟 锌芯褌芯泻 芯褌褋褌褍锌邪褞褖懈褏 泻芯谢芯薪薪. 袙 袪芯褋褌芯胁械 屑褘 锌褉懈蟹械屑谢懈谢懈褋褜 薪邪 泻褉邪褌泻懈泄 屑懈谐 薪邪 邪褝褉芯写褉芯屑械, 谐写械 褋褌邪懈 斜芯屑斜邪褉写懈褉芯胁褖懈泻芯胁 蟹邪谐褉褍卸邪谢懈褋褜 芯谐褉芯屑薪褘屑懈 褉邪泻械褌邪屑懈.</p><p>袙 袣懈械胁械 褟 芯褋褌邪薪芯胁懈谢褋褟 胁 褋褌邪褉芯屑 芯褌械谢械, 泻邪蟹邪胁褕械屑褋褟 屑薪械 褌械锌械褉褜 芯褔械薪褜 泻芯屑褎芯褉褌邪斜械谢褜薪褘屑. 袙褋械 芯褌薪芯褋懈褌械谢褜薪芯. 携 写械谢褞 泻芯屑薪邪褌褍 褋 芯褎懈褑械褉芯屑 械褖械 锌械褉胁芯泄 屑懈褉芯胁芯泄 胁芯泄薪褘, 锌褉懈斜褘胁褕懈屑 懈蟹 褋褌邪谢懈薪谐褉邪写褋泻芯谐芯 泻芯褌谢邪. 袣邪卸械褌褋褟, 褌邪屑 褍卸械 写邪卸械 邪褝褉芯写褉芯屑褘 薪邪褏芯写褟褌褋褟 锌芯写 锌褉懈褑械谢褜薪褘屑 芯谐薪械屑. 袨薪懈 蟹邪锌芯谢薪械薪褘 褉邪蟹斜懈褌褘屑懈 屑邪褕懈薪邪屑懈. 袨斜懈褌邪褌械谢懈 斜芯谢褜褕芯谐芯 谢邪谐械褉褟 蟹邪泻谢褞褔械薪薪褘褏, 蟹邪锌械褉褌褘械 褌邪屑, 锌懈褌邪谢懈褋褜 胁薪邪褔邪谢械 泻芯薪懈薪芯泄, 蟹邪褌械屑 蟹邪薪懈屑邪谢懈褋褜 泻邪薪薪懈斜邪谢懈蟹屑芯屑 懈 胁 泻芯薪褑械 泻芯薪褑芯胁 褍屑械褉谢懈 芯褌 谐芯谢芯写邪. 袣芯褌械谢 芯褋褌邪胁谢褟械褌 褋谢械写 薪邪 胁褋褞 卸懈蟹薪褜; 械谐芯 锌芯泻懈写邪褞褌 胁 褕褉邪屑邪褏, 屑械褔械薪薪褘屑懈, — 斜褘褌褜 屑芯卸械褌, 褝褌芯 褋褌懈谐屑邪褌褘 斜褍写褍褖械谐芯 胁芯蟹褉芯卸写械薪懈褟.</p><p><em>袟写械褋褜 胁芯褋锌褉芯懈蟹胁芯写懈褌褋褟 锌芯 懈蟹写.: 协褉薪褋褌 挟薪谐械褉. 袠蟹谢褍褔械薪懈褟 (褎械胁褉邪谢褜 1941 – 邪锌褉械谢褜 1945). 袩械褉械胁芯写 褋 薪械屑械褑泻芯谐芯 袧.袨. 袚褍褔懈薪褋泻芯泄, 袙.袚. 袧芯褌泻懈薪芯泄. 小-袩斜. 2002, 褋. 285-286.</em></p></div></div></div><div class="field field-name-field-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above clearfix"><h3 class="field-label">Tags: </h3><ul class="links"><li class="taxonomy-term-reference-0" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/taxonomy/term/224" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">袙褌芯褉邪褟 屑懈褉芯胁邪褟</a></li><li class="taxonomy-term-reference-1" rel="dc:subject"><a href="/taxonomy/term/1" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">袛薪械胁薪懈泻</a></li></ul></div><div class="field field-name-field-person field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above clearfix"><h3 class="field-label">袩械褉褋芯薪邪谢懈懈: </h3><ul class="links"><li class="taxonomy-term-reference-0"><a href="/taxonomy/term/645" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">挟薪谐械褉 协.</a></li></ul></div><div class="field field-name-field-country field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above clearfix"><h3 class="field-label">小褌褉邪薪邪 懈 褉械谐懈芯薪: </h3><ul class="links"><li class="taxonomy-term-reference-0"><a href="/taxonomy/term/854" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">袣懈械胁</a></li></ul></div><div class="field field-name-field-cdate field-type-datetime field-label-above"><div class="field-label">袛邪褌邪: </div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><span property="dc:date" datatype="xsd:dateTime" content="1943-01-09T00:00:00+03:00" class="date-display-single">9 褟薪胁邪褉褟, 1943 谐.</span></div></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <!-- /.section, /#content --> </div></div> <!-- /#main, /#main-wrapper --> <div id="footer-wrapper"><div class="section"> <div id="footer" class="clearfix"> <div class="region region-footer"> <div id="block-block-2" class="block block-block"> <div class="content"> <!--noindex--> <h4 align="center">袛芯泻褍屑械薪褌褘 XX 胁械泻邪</h4><h4 align="center">WEB-褉械写邪泻褌芯褉 <a href="http://www.ruspole.info/taxonomy/term/42" rel="nofollow">袙褟褔械褋谢邪胁 袪褍屑褟薪褑械胁</a></h4> <!--/noindex--> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- /#footer --> </div></div> <!-- /.section, /#footer-wrapper --> </div></div> <!-- /#page, /#page-wrapper --> </body> </html>