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Kirkpatrick</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-David_D._Kirkpatrick-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Malaysia_Airlines_Flight_370" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Malaysia_Airlines_Flight_370"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Malaysia Airlines Flight 370</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Malaysia_Airlines_Flight_370-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2014_Mississippi_Republican_primary_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2014_Mississippi_Republican_primary_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>2014 Mississippi Republican primary election</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2014_Mississippi_Republican_primary_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ferguson" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ferguson"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Ferguson</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ferguson-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-University_of_Virginia_rape_article" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#University_of_Virginia_rape_article"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8</span> <span>University of Virginia rape article</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-University_of_Virginia_rape_article-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Banning_from_Twitter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Banning_from_Twitter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.9</span> <span>Banning from Twitter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Banning_from_Twitter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jeff_Giesea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jeff_Giesea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.10</span> <span>Jeff Giesea</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jeff_Giesea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Katie_Walsh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Katie_Walsh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.11</span> <span>Katie Walsh</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Katie_Walsh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Charlottesville_Rally" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Charlottesville_Rally"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.12</span> <span>Charlottesville Rally</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Charlottesville_Rally-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Trump_campaign_WikiLeaks_liaison" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a 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<span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American political activist</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the member of the Michigan House of Representatives, see <a href="/wiki/Charles_C._Johnson_(politician)" title="Charles C. Johnson (politician)">Charles C. Johnson (politician)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Charles C. Johnson</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Charles Carlisle Johnson</div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1988-10-22</span>) </span>October 22, 1988<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 36)</span><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Boston,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston, Massachusetts">Boston, Massachusetts</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Claremont_McKenna_College" title="Claremont McKenna College">Claremont McKenna College</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation(s)</th><td class="infobox-data role">Political activist, tech entrepreneur/investor, federal informant</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years active</th><td class="infobox-data">2013–2019</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Charles Carlisle Johnson</b> (born October 22, 1988) is an American <a href="/wiki/Political_activist" class="mw-redirect" title="Political activist">political activist</a> who was a public figure in the years 2013 to 2019. A self-described "investigative journalist",<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Johnson is often described as an <a href="/wiki/Internet_troll" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet troll">internet troll</a> and has been repeatedly involved in the proliferation and spread of multiple <a href="/wiki/Fake_news" title="Fake news">fake news</a> stories.<sup id="cite_ref-Slate_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Slate-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-riverfront_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-riverfront-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Johnson was owner of the <a href="/wiki/Alt-right" title="Alt-right">alt-right</a> websites GotNews.com, WeSearchr.com, and Freestartr.com, all of which were short-lived.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-murphy_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-murphy-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-castillo_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-castillo-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-singal_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-singal-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He wrote two books, both published by <a href="/wiki/Encounter_Books" title="Encounter Books">Encounter Books</a> in 2013. </p><p>Johnson, whose family served in the intelligence services and the U.S. Navy <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>, indicated he was a federal informant, as reported by Business Insider, and through a federal lawsuit against <a href="/wiki/Clearview_AI" title="Clearview AI">Clearview AI</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-fbireveal_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fbireveal-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_C._Johnson&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Johnson attended <a href="/wiki/Milton_Academy" title="Milton Academy">Milton Academy</a> high school on scholarship. He attended <a href="/wiki/Claremont_McKenna_College" title="Claremont McKenna College">Claremont McKenna College</a> from 2007 to 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-murphy_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-murphy-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At college he was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Eric_Breindel_Award_for_Excellence_in_Opinion_Journalism#Eric_Breindel_Collegiate_Journalism_Award_winners" title="Eric Breindel Award for Excellence in Opinion Journalism">Eric Breindel Collegiate Journalism Award</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Claremont_Institute" title="Claremont Institute">Claremont Institute</a> <a href="/wiki/Claremont_Institute#Publius_Fellows_program" title="Claremont Institute">Publius Fellowship</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-American_Media_Institute_2012_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-American_Media_Institute_2012-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-The_Claremont_Institute_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Claremont_Institute-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2016, Johnson wrote a memo encouraging Claremont Institute alumni to help elect <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> as president.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (In 2021, Johnson told <i>Rolling Stone</i> he had broken with his past and supported Joe Biden.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversies">Controversies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_C._Johnson&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Controversies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Peter_Thiel">Peter Thiel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_C._Johnson&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Peter Thiel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Johnson has a long-standing relationship with Silicon Valley financier and Trump backer <a href="/wiki/Peter_Thiel" title="Peter Thiel">Peter Thiel</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Politico_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Politico-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including collaboration on strategy against <a href="/wiki/Gawker" title="Gawker">Gawker</a> and work for the Trump campaign, as outlined in detail in the book <i>The Contrarian.</i><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Johnson both recruited and outed Thiel as a federal informant to Business Insider.<sup id="cite_ref-fbireveal_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fbireveal-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bob_Menendez">Bob Menendez</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_C._Johnson&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Bob Menendez"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Johnson was involved in the creation of a <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Caller" title="The Daily Caller">Daily Caller</a></i> story that accused U.S. Senator <a href="/wiki/Bob_Menendez" title="Bob Menendez">Bob Menendez</a> (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</a>-<a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">NJ</a>) <a href="/wiki/Bob_Menendez#Implication_in_child_prostitution_scandal" title="Bob Menendez">of soliciting underage prostitutes</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Politico_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Politico-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A criminal investigation of the case found no evidence, and the women making the allegations later admitted she had been paid by a local lawyer to make the claims.<sup id="cite_ref-wapo-politics-03192013_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wapo-politics-03192013-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cory_Booker">Cory Booker</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_C._Johnson&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Cory Booker"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On October 14, 2013, Johnson published an article in <i>The Daily Caller</i> claiming that <a href="/wiki/Newark,_New_Jersey" title="Newark, New Jersey">Newark</a> mayor and then <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">senatorial</a> candidate <a href="/wiki/Cory_Booker" title="Cory Booker">Cory Booker</a> never lived in Newark. The article cited neighbors of Booker's alleged address as evidence. Booker's campaign provided a reporter from <i><a href="/wiki/BuzzFeed" title="BuzzFeed">BuzzFeed</a></i> with rental checks and other documents for the address going back several years, and Booker's communications director dismissed Johnson's allegations as "laughable". According to Booker's campaign, he lived there from late 2006 to shortly before he was elected Senator in 2013. Johnson stood by his reporting, claiming that Booker may well have paid rent but did not live in Newark.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="David_D._Kirkpatrick">David D. Kirkpatrick</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_C._Johnson&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: David D. Kirkpatrick"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In January 2014, Johnson published an article reporting that <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i> reporter <a href="/wiki/David_D._Kirkpatrick" title="David D. Kirkpatrick">David D. Kirkpatrick</a> was arrested for exhibitionism and had previously posed for <i><a href="/wiki/Playgirl" title="Playgirl">Playgirl</a></i>. Johnson's source for the <i>Playgirl</i> claim was a January 22, 1990, article in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Princetonian" title="The Daily Princetonian">The Daily Princetonian</a></i>, which was later revealed to be satirical.<sup id="cite_ref-slate2_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-slate2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Johnson apologized to Kirkpatrick. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Malaysia_Airlines_Flight_370">Malaysia Airlines Flight 370</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_C._Johnson&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Malaysia Airlines Flight 370"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Johnson told the ABC news affiliate in Fresno that he knew where <a href="/wiki/Malaysia_Airlines_Flight_370" title="Malaysia Airlines Flight 370">Malaysia Airlines Flight 370</a> was. The airplane disappeared on March 8, 2014, while en route from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing. "I just need the funding to go there," he told news reporters.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2014_Mississippi_Republican_primary_election">2014 Mississippi Republican primary election</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_C._Johnson&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 2014 Mississippi Republican primary election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On June 30, 2014, Johnson published a story on GotNews accusing <a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a> senator <a href="/wiki/Thad_Cochran" title="Thad Cochran">Thad Cochran</a> of bribing <a href="/wiki/African-Americans" class="mw-redirect" title="African-Americans">African-Americans</a> to vote for him in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Republican_primary_election_in_Mississippi,_2014" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate Republican primary election in Mississippi, 2014">Mississippi Senate Republican primary</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BI_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BI-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The story came days after Cochran had defeated <a href="/wiki/Tea_Party_movement" title="Tea Party movement">Tea Party</a> challenger <a href="/wiki/Chris_McDaniel" title="Chris McDaniel">Chris McDaniel</a> in a run-off election. Johnson claimed that a black pastor named Stevie Fielder had told him he was paid by Cochran's campaign to bribe black Democrats into voting for Cochran. Johnson paid the pastor for his statements, a controversial practice sometimes known as "<a href="/wiki/Chequebook_journalism" title="Chequebook journalism">checkbook journalism</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-BI_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BI-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fielder later partially recanted his story, saying that he had been speaking hypothetically, that he had turned down the offer, and that Johnson's recording of his interview had been selectively edited, a claim Johnson denies.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the election, Johnson also accused the Cochran campaign of being responsible for Mississippi Tea Party leader Mark Mayfield's suicide and encouraged his Twitter followers to flood a Cochran campaign <a href="/wiki/Conference_call" title="Conference call">conference call</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BI_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BI-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ferguson">Ferguson</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_C._Johnson&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Ferguson"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Ferguson_unrest" title="Ferguson unrest">Ferguson unrest</a>, Johnson published the <a href="/wiki/Instagram" title="Instagram">Instagram</a> account of <a href="/wiki/Shooting_of_Michael_Brown" class="mw-redirect" title="Shooting of Michael Brown">Michael Brown</a> and stated that the account "shows a violent streak that may help explain what led to a violent confrontation with Police officer Darren Wilson".<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Johnson also filed a lawsuit to have Brown's juvenile records released. In Brown's home state of Missouri, the records of minors are private, but Johnson argued that the matter was of pressing public interest under the state's <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_information_in_the_United_States" title="Freedom of information in the United States">sunshine law</a>. The county court disagreed.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Further appeal attempts by Johnson to unseal the records went as far as the State Supreme Court of Missouri, which denied his request. </p><p>In a separate incident during the unrest, Johnson published the addresses of two <i>The New York Times</i> reporters, claiming that they published the known addresses of <a href="/wiki/Darren_Wilson_(police_officer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Darren Wilson (police officer)">Darren Wilson</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>The New York Times</i> has said the reporters only revealed the street on which Wilson once lived.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="University_of_Virginia_rape_article">University of Virginia rape article</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_C._Johnson&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: University of Virginia rape article"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In December 2014, <i><a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a></i> columnist <a href="/wiki/Sabrina_Erdely" title="Sabrina Erdely">Sabrina Erdely</a> published an article entitled "<a href="/wiki/A_Rape_on_Campus" title="A Rape on Campus">A Rape on Campus</a>" about the alleged gang rape of a <a href="/wiki/University_of_Virginia" title="University of Virginia">University of Virginia</a> (UVA) student named "Jackie" in 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Phi_Kappa_Psi" title="Phi Kappa Psi">Phi Kappa Psi</a> fraternity house at UVA. The article was later found to be fabricated.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Johnson publicly identified Jackie, but in the selection of photos he used had the wrong photo of Jackie.<sup id="cite_ref-DD_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DD-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Banning_from_Twitter">Banning from Twitter</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_C._Johnson&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Banning from Twitter"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On May 24, 2015, Johnson sent a tweet asking his followers for donations to help him "take out" <a href="/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter" title="Black Lives Matter">Black Lives Matter</a> activist <a href="/wiki/DeRay_Mckesson" title="DeRay Mckesson">DeRay Mckesson</a>. McKesson shared the tweet and took the tweet as a threat. Johnson was permanently <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_banned_from_Twitter" class="mw-redirect" title="List of people banned from Twitter">banned from Twitter</a> after several users reported him for harassment.<sup id="cite_ref-Slate_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Slate-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2018, Johnson sued Twitter for banning him on the grounds that Twitter violated his <a href="/wiki/First_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="First Amendment to the United States Constitution">First Amendment</a> right to free speech. The California Superior Court in Fresno struck down Johnson's lawsuit on June 6.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jeff_Giesea">Jeff Giesea</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_C._Johnson&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Jeff Giesea"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2014, Johnson met over Twitter with <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Giesea" title="Jeff Giesea">Jeff Giesea</a>, Peter Thiel's former employee, who founded <a href="/wiki/MAGA3X" class="mw-redirect" title="MAGA3X">MAGA-X3</a> with <a href="/wiki/Mike_Cernovich" title="Mike Cernovich">Mike Cernovich</a> who was involved in promoting the <a href="/wiki/Pizzagate_conspiracy_theory" title="Pizzagate conspiracy theory">Pizzagate</a> hoax. “When I met Chuck I wondered why we weren't weaponizing people like him,” Giesea recounted. “He led me on this intellectual journey."<sup id="cite_ref-buzzbernstein_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-buzzbernstein-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2017, Giesea wrote an article inspired by his association with Johnson titled “It's Time to Embrace Memetic Warfare,” for the Defence Strategic Communications, an official journal of NATO's <a href="/wiki/United_States_Strategic_Command" title="United States Strategic Command">Stratcom</a>. In the article, Giesea recommended the adoption of <a href="/wiki/Memetic_warfare" title="Memetic warfare">memetic warfare</a> to combat ISIS. “The best way to counter ISIS is to unleash an army of trolls on them,” Giesea recalls Johnson joking. “I could totally mess with their recruiting and propaganda.”<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That conversation led Giesea to conclude: “Warfare through trolling and memes is a necessary, inexpensive, and easy way to help destroy the appeal and morale of our common enemies... Trolling, it might be said, is the social media equivalent of guerrilla warfare, and memes are its currency of propaganda.”<sup id="cite_ref-buzzbernstein_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-buzzbernstein-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Johnson broke with Jeff Giesea over Giesea's involvement with <a href="/wiki/January_6th" class="mw-redirect" title="January 6th">January 6th</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Katie_Walsh">Katie Walsh</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_C._Johnson&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Katie Walsh"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In February 2017, Johnson's website GotNews.com claimed that White House Deputy Chief of Staff <a href="/wiki/Katie_Walsh_(politician)" title="Katie Walsh (politician)">Katie Walsh</a> was "the source behind a bunch of leaks" in the White House without offering any evidence.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Charlottesville_Rally">Charlottesville Rally</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_C._Johnson&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Charlottesville Rally"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In August 2017, Johnson's website GotNews was one of several right-wing websites that falsely accused a Michigan man of being responsible for <a href="/wiki/2017_Unite_the_Right_rally#Vehicular_ramming_into_counterprotesters" class="mw-redirect" title="2017 Unite the Right rally">the car attack</a> on August 12, 2017 that killed one anti-racist protestor and injured others in <a href="/wiki/Charlottesville,_Virginia" title="Charlottesville, Virginia">Charlottesville, Virginia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Michigan man was subsequently harassed, and was advised by police to flee his home following a slew of death threats.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Together with his father, the Michigan man filed a defamation lawsuit against 22 corporate and individual defendants, including Johnson.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On June 1, 2018, Johnson and GotNews agreed to pay a total of $29,900 to settle the lawsuit.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Trump_campaign_WikiLeaks_liaison">Trump campaign WikiLeaks liaison</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_C._Johnson&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Trump campaign WikiLeaks liaison"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In September 2016, Johnson published a story on GotNews about a soon-to-launch anti-Trump website called PutinTrump.org.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Trump_campaign%E2%80%93Russian_meetings" class="mw-redirect" title="Trump campaign–Russian meetings">WikiLeaks</a> forwarded the story in private to <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_Jr." title="Donald Trump Jr.">Donald Trump Jr.</a> before publicly tweeting it. <i><a href="/wiki/Business_Insider" title="Business Insider">Business Insider</a></i> speculated that Johnson's story in September on GotNews may have marked the beginning of Donald Trump Jr.'s—and the Trump campaign's—back-channel contact with <a href="/wiki/Julian_Assange" title="Julian Assange">Julian Assange</a> and Wikileaks. (Johnson wrote after Wikileaks tweeted the story, "About 2 hours after our original article, Julian Assange's WikiLeaks repeated our discoveries. Guess which big leaks organization reads GotNews & WeSearchr on the downlow! Come on Julian, let's work together. WikiLeaks & WeSearchr is a match made in heaven. We can take down Hillary together.")<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 2017, Johnson brokered and attended a meeting in London between GOP Rep. <a href="/wiki/Dana_Rohrabacher" title="Dana Rohrabacher">Dana Rohrabacher</a> and Julian Assange to discuss a presidential pardon for Assange.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fraudulent_sexual_harassment_claim_against_Senator_Charles_Schumer">Fraudulent sexual harassment claim against Senator Charles Schumer</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_C._Johnson&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Fraudulent sexual harassment claim against Senator Charles Schumer"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On December 11, 2017, Johnson wrote on his <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a> page, "<a href="/wiki/Mike_Cernovich" title="Mike Cernovich">Michael Cernovich</a> & I are going to end the career of a U.S. Senator." Johnson claimed to have uncovered a sexual harassment lawsuit against Senator <a href="/wiki/Charles_Schumer" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Schumer">Charles Schumer</a>. The lawsuit, however, turned out to be a forgery. Moreover, language in the forged lawsuit was copied verbatim from a real sexual-harassment complaint filed against Rep. <a href="/wiki/John_Conyers" title="John Conyers">John Conyers</a>. Schumer referred the matter to <a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol_Police" title="United States Capitol Police">Capitol police</a> for investigation.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Holocaust_denial">Holocaust denial</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_C._Johnson&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Holocaust denial"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2017, Johnson posted on a <a href="/wiki/Reddit" title="Reddit">Reddit</a> <a href="/wiki//r/IAmA" class="mw-redirect" title="/r/IAmA">Ask Me Anything</a> "I do not and never have believed the six million figure" (referring to the number of Jewish people killed in the <a href="/wiki/Holocaust" class="mw-redirect" title="Holocaust">Holocaust</a>) and "I agree with [<a href="/wiki/Holocaust_denial" title="Holocaust denial">Holocaust denier</a>] <a href="/wiki/David_Cole_(journalist)" title="David Cole (journalist)">David Cole</a> about <a href="/wiki/Auschwitz" class="mw-redirect" title="Auschwitz">Auschwitz</a> and the gas chambers not being real."<sup id="cite_ref-Smith2018_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Smith2018-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When Rep. <a href="/wiki/Matt_Gaetz" title="Matt Gaetz">Matthew Gaetz</a> brought Johnson to President Donald Trump's <a href="/wiki/2018_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="2018 State of the Union Address">2018 State of the Union Address</a> as a guest of Florida, the national director of the <a href="/wiki/Anti-Defamation_League" title="Anti-Defamation League">Anti-Defamation League</a> cited these statements—along with Johnson's website WeSearchr having raised more than $150,000 for the legal defense of neo-Nazi propagandist <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Anglin" title="Andrew Anglin">Andrew Anglin</a> and other actions—in urging Gaetz to "discontinue any association with Johnson and to publicly repudiate his views immediately".<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-thehill_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thehill-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sarah_Unsicker">Sarah Unsicker</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_C._Johnson&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Sarah Unsicker"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Missouri state representative <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Unsicker" title="Sarah Unsicker">Sarah Unsicker</a>, a Democrat, was stripped of her committee assignments in 2023 after she repeatedly posted a photo on social media of herself posing with Johnson.<sup id="cite_ref-Unsicker_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unsicker-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Point_Bridge_Capital_Lawsuit">Point Bridge Capital Lawsuit</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_C._Johnson&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Point Bridge Capital Lawsuit"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In October 2024 <a href="/wiki/Semafor_(website)" title="Semafor (website)">Semafor</a> reported that Point Bridge Capital had filed a lawsuit against Johnson for civil racketeering.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The lawsuit states that “Johnson is running a fraud and extortion scheme under which he [will] falsely present [himself] as intelligence agents or assets of U.S. government agencies. Johnson and Greenwill seek investments in upstart technology companies operating in the defense and intelligence sectors, which heavily rely on government contracts. If a company or investor doesn’t give in to their demands for equity or favorable investment terms, Johnson [will] threaten to sabotage the companies’ contracts or funding under the guise of their false claims to be government agents.”<sup id="cite_ref-:3_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Johnson has denied the validity of these claims, characterizing them as <a href="/wiki/Lawfare" title="Lawfare">lawfare</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Books">Books</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_C._Johnson&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Books"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Johnson has written two books published through <a href="/wiki/Encounter_Books" title="Encounter Books">Encounter Books</a>:<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Why Coolidge Matters</i>, an essay collection encompassing various points in <a href="/wiki/Calvin_Coolidge" title="Calvin Coolidge">Calvin Coolidge</a>'s political career<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with blurbs by <a href="/wiki/John_Yoo" title="John Yoo">John Yoo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michelle_Malkin" title="Michelle Malkin">Michelle Malkin</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ted_Cruz" title="Ted Cruz">Ted Cruz</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Politico_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Politico-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i>The Truth About the IRS Scandals</i>. Both books were published in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gawker_lawsuit">Gawker lawsuit</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_C._Johnson&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Gawker lawsuit"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In June 2015, Johnson sued <a href="/wiki/Gawker" title="Gawker">Gawker</a> for <a href="/wiki/Defamation" title="Defamation">defamation</a> in Missouri for $66 million for Gawker's publication of rumours that Johnson defecated on the floor while a student at Claremont McKenna College, and filed a similar suit in California in December.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In January 2016, the Missouri suit was dismissed.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Johnson settled with the by then-defunct Gawker in 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Work_with_Jeffrey_Epstein_and_Steve_Bannon">Work with Jeffrey Epstein and Steve Bannon</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_C._Johnson&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Work with Jeffrey Epstein and Steve Bannon"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On October 18, 2021, more than two years after the death of Jeffrey Epstein, Johnson discussed his Breitbart boss and mentor <a href="/wiki/Steve_Bannon" title="Steve Bannon">Steve Bannon</a>'s relationship with the pedophile and human trafficker in an interview with <i>Rolling Stone</i> reporter Seth Hettena. Steve Bannon met with Epstein multiple times after exiting the White House, including in December 2017. This was while Johnson was being managed by Bannon at Breitbart. Johnson told <i>Rolling Stone</i> that Bannon viewed Epstein as both a rival and spy, and was deeply interested in emulating Jeffrey Epstein's operation. Bannon also offered to introduce Johnson to Epstein, and Johnson claims he declined but continued to work under Bannon at Breitbart. In addition, Johnson declared in the <i>Rolling Stone</i> piece that he quietly shifted his allegiance from Donald Trump to <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a>, likely after the presidential election or sometime in early 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Websites_(GotNews,_WeSearchr,_Freestartr)"><span id="Websites_.28GotNews.2C_WeSearchr.2C_Freestartr.29"></span>Websites (GotNews, WeSearchr, Freestartr)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_C._Johnson&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Websites (GotNews, WeSearchr, Freestartr)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Johnson was the founder of three websites, all of which are defunct. </p><p>In early 2014, Johnson created GotNews, an alt-right news website.<sup id="cite_ref-murphy_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-murphy-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The site went offline with no advance warning on September 17, 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> GotNews filed for <a href="/wiki/Bankruptcy" title="Bankruptcy">bankruptcy</a> in May 2019. The bankruptcy petition lists GotNews' total liabilities as between $500,000 and $1 million.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2015, Johnson created WeSearchr, a <a href="/wiki/Crowdfunding" title="Crowdfunding">crowdfunding</a> website. By 2017, the site became a fundraising platform for <a href="/wiki/Alt-right" title="Alt-right">alt-right</a> causes, though Johnson claimed that was not his intention. <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Anglin" title="Andrew Anglin">Andrew Anglin</a>, the founder of the neo-Nazi website <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Stormer" title="The Daily Stormer">The Daily Stormer</a></i>, used the website to raise money to defend himself against a lawsuit brought by the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_Liberties_Union" title="American Civil Liberties Union">American Civil Liberties Union</a> (ACLU) on behalf of a woman trolled by followers of Anglin.<sup id="cite_ref-castillo_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-castillo-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to crowdfunding legal battles, the site was also designed to crowdfund bounties on reporting goals. According to Johnson, he used the site to receive money for information he had already acquired.<sup id="cite_ref-singal_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-singal-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The site closed in May 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-singal_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-singal-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Johnson also started the crowdfunding site Freestartr, which collected funds for white nationalist <a href="/wiki/Richard_B._Spencer" title="Richard B. Spencer">Richard B. Spencer</a>'s legal defense,<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Far-right_politics" title="Far-right politics">far-right</a> activist <a href="/wiki/Tommy_Robinson" title="Tommy Robinson">Tommy Robinson</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Canadian nationalist <a href="/wiki/Faith_Goldy" title="Faith Goldy">Faith Goldy</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-sommer_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sommer-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Johnson himself,<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and others. In mid-2018, Freestartr stopped accepting funds, as the site was banned by <a href="/wiki/Stripe_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Stripe (company)">Stripe</a> and <a href="/wiki/PayPal" title="PayPal">PayPal</a>, which Freestartr used to process payments.<sup id="cite_ref-sommer_58-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sommer-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Clearview.AI">Clearview.AI</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_C._Johnson&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Clearview.AI"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Johnson is a cofounder of <a href="/wiki/Clearview_AI" title="Clearview AI">Clearview AI</a>, as reported by a 2021 <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Times_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times Magazine">New York Times Magazine</a></i> article.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_C._Johnson&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output 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a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 28,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Beast&rft.atitle=Big+Finance+is+Hitting+the+Far+Right+in+the+Wallet&rft.date=2018-08-21&rft.aulast=Sommer&rft.aufirst=Will&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailybeast.com%2Ffar-right-fuming-after-big-finance-chokes-off-money-flow&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharles+C.+Johnson" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuynn2018" class="citation news cs1">Guynn, Jessica (January 18, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/2018/01/18/alt-right-escalates-war-against-silicon-valley-pledges-expose-bias-against-conservatives/1037524001/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Alt-right' escalates war against Silicon Valley, pledges to expose bias against conservatives"</a>. <i>USA Today</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180829035025/https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/2018/01/18/alt-right-escalates-war-against-silicon-valley-pledges-expose-bias-against-conservatives/1037524001/">Archived</a> from the original on August 29, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 28,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=%27Alt-right%27+escalates+war+against+Silicon+Valley%2C+pledges+to+expose+bias+against+conservatives&rft.date=2018-01-18&rft.aulast=Guynn&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fstory%2Ftech%2F2018%2F01%2F18%2Falt-right-escalates-war-against-silicon-valley-pledges-expose-bias-against-conservatives%2F1037524001%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharles+C.+Johnson" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFisher2018" class="citation news cs1">Fisher, Alyssa (July 24, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://forward.com/fast-forward/406567/far-right-organizations-get-banned-from-paypal-beg-followers-for-help/">"Far-Right Organizations Get Banned From PayPal, Beg Followers For Help"</a>. <i>The Forward</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180725015352/https://forward.com/fast-forward/406567/far-right-organizations-get-banned-from-paypal-beg-followers-for-help/">Archived</a> from the original on July 25, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 28,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Forward&rft.atitle=Far-Right+Organizations+Get+Banned+From+PayPal%2C+Beg+Followers+For+Help&rft.date=2018-07-24&rft.aulast=Fisher&rft.aufirst=Alyssa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fforward.com%2Ffast-forward%2F406567%2Ffar-right-organizations-get-banned-from-paypal-beg-followers-for-help%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharles+C.+Johnson" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHill2021" class="citation news cs1">Hill, Kashmir (March 18, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/18/technology/clearview-facial-recognition-ai.html">"What We Learned About Clearview AI and Its Secret 'Co-Founder'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=What+We+Learned+About+Clearview+AI+and+Its+Secret+%27Co-Founder%27&rft.date=2021-03-18&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=Kashmir&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2021%2F03%2F18%2Ftechnology%2Fclearview-facial-recognition-ai.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharles+C.+Johnson" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_C._Johnson&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm9092238/">Charles C. 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