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Available in 63 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-63" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">63 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%84" title="باري مارشال – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="باري مارشال" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berri_Mar%C5%9Fall" title="Berri Marşall – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Berri Marşall" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%84" title="بری مارشال – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بری مارشال" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%87._%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2" title="ব্যারি জে. মার্শাল – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ব্যারি জে. মার্শাল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Бары Маршал – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Бары Маршал" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Бари Маршал – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Бари Маршал" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_Marshall" title="Barry Marshall – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Barry Marshall" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_Marshall" title="Barry Marshall – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Barry Marshall" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_J._Marshall" title="Barry J. Marshall – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Barry J. Marshall" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_Marshall" title="Barry Marshall – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Barry Marshall" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_J._Marshall" title="Barry J. Marshall – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Barry J. Marshall" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CF%80%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B9_%CE%9C%CE%AC%CF%81%CF%83%CE%B1%CE%BB" title="Μπάρι Μάρσαλ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μπάρι Μάρσαλ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_Marshall" title="Barry Marshall – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Barry Marshall" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_Marshall" title="Barry Marshall – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Barry Marshall" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_Marshall" title="Barry Marshall – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Barry Marshall" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_Marshall" title="Barry Marshall – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Barry Marshall" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%84" title="بری مارشال – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بری مارشال" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_Marshall" title="Barry Marshall – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Barry Marshall" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_Marshall" title="Barry Marshall – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Barry Marshall" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_Marshall" title="Barry Marshall – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Barry Marshall" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%B0%EB%A6%AC_%EB%A7%88%EC%85%9C" title="배리 마셜 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="배리 마셜" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%A1%D6%80%D6%80%D5%AB_%D5%84%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B7%D5%A1%D5%AC" title="Բարրի Մարշալ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բարրի Մարշալ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%B2" title="बैरी मार्शल – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="बैरी मार्शल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_Marshall" title="Barry Marshall – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Barry Marshall" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_James_Marshall" title="Barry James Marshall – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Barry James Marshall" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_J._Marshall" title="Barry J. Marshall – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Barry J. Marshall" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_J._Marshall" title="Barry J. Marshall – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Barry J. Marshall" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%99_%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%A9%D7%9C" title="בארי מרשל – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בארי מרשל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Барри Маршалл – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Барри Маршалл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_Marshall" title="Barry Marshall – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Barry Marshall" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_Marshall" title="Barry Marshall – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Barry Marshall" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_Marshall" title="Barry Marshall – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Barry Marshall" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_Marshall" title="Barry Marshall – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Barry Marshall" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%86._%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%BD" title="ബാരി ജെ. മാർഷൽ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ബാരി ജെ. മാർഷൽ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%89_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%84" title="بارى مارشال – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بارى مارشال" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%84" title="بری مارشال – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="بری مارشال" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_Marshall" title="Barry Marshall – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Barry Marshall" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Барри Маршалл – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Барри Маршалл" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%98%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AE_%E1%80%99%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA" title="ဘယ်ရီ မာရှယ် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဘယ်ရီ မာရှယ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_Marshall" title="Barry Marshall – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Barry Marshall" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%90%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9E%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A3%E3%83%AB" title="バリー・マーシャル – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="バリー・マーシャル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_Marshall" title="Barry Marshall – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Barry Marshall" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_Marshall" title="Barry Marshall – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Barry Marshall" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_Marshall" title="Barry Marshall – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Barry Marshall" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%84" title="بیری مارشل – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بیری مارشل" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_James_Marshall" title="Barry James Marshall – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Barry James Marshall" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_Marshall" title="Barry Marshall – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Barry Marshall" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_Marshall" title="Barry Marshall – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Barry Marshall" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB,_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Маршалл, Барри – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Маршалл, Барри" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_Marshall" title="Barry Marshall – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Barry Marshall" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Бари Маршал – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Бари Маршал" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_J._Marshall" title="Barry J. Marshall – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Barry J. Marshall" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_Marshall" title="Barry Marshall – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Barry Marshall" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_Marshall" title="Barry Marshall – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Barry Marshall" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Бәри Маршалл – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Бәри Маршалл" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5_%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C" title="แบร์รี มาร์แชลล์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แบร์รี มาร์แชลล์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_Marshall" title="Barry Marshall – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Barry Marshall" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%80%D1%96_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%81_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Баррі Джеймс Маршалл – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Баррі Джеймс Маршалл" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%92_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%84" title="بارے مارشل – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بارے مارشل" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_Marshall" title="Barry Marshall – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Barry Marshall" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E6%AD%87%E5%B0%94" title="巴里·马歇尔 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="巴里·马歇尔" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_Marshall" title="Barry Marshall – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Barry Marshall" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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.infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data div{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data div{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn" style="display:inline-block">Barry Marshall</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Barry_Marshall_2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Barry_Marshall_2008.jpg/220px-Barry_Marshall_2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Barry_Marshall_2008.jpg/330px-Barry_Marshall_2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Barry_Marshall_2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="414" data-file-height="414" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Barry Marshall</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1951-09-30</span>) </span>30 September 1951<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 73)</span><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Kalgoorlie,_Western_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalgoorlie, Western Australia">Kalgoorlie, Western Australia</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Citizenship</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australian</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a href="/wiki/Helicobacter_pylori" title="Helicobacter pylori">Helicobacter pylori</a></i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data">2005 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9689576"><b>Scientific career</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fields</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Medicine" title="Medicine">Medicine</a>: <a href="/wiki/Microbiology" title="Microbiology">Microbiology</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Institutions</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Western_Australia" title="University of Western Australia">University of Western Australia</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Barry James Marshall</b>, <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Australia" title="Order of Australia">AC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Society">FRS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australian_Academy_of_Science" title="Australian Academy of Science">FAA</a> (born 30 September 1951) is an <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australian</a> <a href="/wiki/Medical_doctor" class="mw-redirect" title="Medical doctor">doctor</a> and winner of the 2005 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine</a>. He is Professor of Clinical Microbiology at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Western_Australia" title="University of Western Australia">University of Western Australia</a>. Marshall is well known for proving that <a href="/wiki/Bacteria" title="Bacteria">bacteria</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Helicobacter_pylori" title="Helicobacter pylori">Helicobacter pylori</a></i> are the cause of most <a href="/wiki/Peptic_ulcer" title="Peptic ulcer">stomach ulcers</a>. This changed years of medical belief which said that ulcers were caused by <a href="/wiki/Stress_(medicine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Stress (medicine)">stress</a>, spicy foods, and too much acid. He took a part-time position at the <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_State_University" title="Pennsylvania State University">Pennsylvania State University</a> in 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_years">Early years</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barry_Marshall&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Change section: Early years" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barry_Marshall&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Early years"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Marshall was born in <a href="/wiki/Kalgoorlie,_Western_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalgoorlie, Western Australia">Kalgoorlie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Western_Australia" title="Western Australia">Western Australia</a>. He lived in Kalgoorlie and <a href="/wiki/Carnarvon,_Western_Australia" title="Carnarvon, Western Australia">Carnarvon</a> until moving to <a href="/wiki/Perth,_Western_Australia" title="Perth, Western Australia">Perth</a> at the age of seven. He went to high school at Newman College, Perth. At the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Western_Australia" title="University of Western Australia">University of Western Australia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medicine" title="Medicine">medicine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Surgery" title="Surgery">surgery</a>. He married his wife, Adrienne, in 1972.<sup id="cite_ref-autobiography_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autobiography-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1972 he was also the Western Australian state <a href="/wiki/Yo-yo" title="Yo-yo">yo-yo</a> champion.<sup id="cite_ref-autobiography_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autobiography-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life_and_research">Life and research</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barry_Marshall&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Change section: Life and research" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barry_Marshall&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Life and research"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1979 Marshall became a Registrar in Medicine at the Royal <a href="/wiki/Perth,_Western_Australia" title="Perth, Western Australia">Perth</a> Hospital. At the hospital he met <a href="/wiki/Robin_Warren" title="Robin Warren">Robin Warren</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Pathology" title="Pathology">pathologist</a> who was interested in <a href="/wiki/Gastritis" title="Gastritis">gastritis</a>. They were both training in internal medicine at Royal Perth Hospital in 1981. Together they looked at spiral bacteria in gastritis. In 1982 they grew a culture of <i>H. pylori</i>. They worked on their idea that there was a bacterial cause of <a href="/wiki/Peptic_ulcer" title="Peptic ulcer">peptic ulcer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stomach" title="Stomach">stomach</a> <a href="/wiki/Cancer" title="Cancer">cancer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-autobiography_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autobiography-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their idea was laughed at by scientists and doctors who did not believe that any bacteria could live in the acidic stomach. Marshall said that "Everyone was against me, but I knew I was right".<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other doctors said they wouldn't believe it until the <i>H. pylori</i> idea could be proved.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Marshall and Warren tried to give the bacteria to <a href="/wiki/Piglet" class="mw-redirect" title="Piglet">piglets</a> in 1984, but it did not work. Marshall drank some of the bacteria and soon developed gastritis with <a href="/wiki/Achlorhydria" title="Achlorhydria">achlorhydria</a>. He had stomach discomfort, <a href="/wiki/Nausea" title="Nausea">nausea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vomit" title="Vomit">vomiting</a> and bad smelling breath. On the 14th day of the infection, <a href="/wiki/Biopsy" title="Biopsy">biopsies</a> of Marshall's stomach did not show any bacteria. His body may have got rid of the bacteria without help. His wife made him take <a href="/wiki/Antibiotic" class="mw-redirect" title="Antibiotic">antibiotics</a> immediately so there was no way of checking the negative result again. He did not develop <a href="/wiki/Antibodies" class="mw-redirect" title="Antibodies">antibodies</a> to H.pylori. This means that natural <a href="/wiki/Immunity" class="mw-redirect" title="Immunity">immunity</a> can sometimes get rid of H.pylori infection. His illness and recovery, showed the link between <i>H. pylori</i> and gastritis, but not for peptic ulcer. This experiment was published in 1985 in the <a href="/wiki/Medical_Journal_of_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Medical Journal of Australia">Medical Journal of Australia</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is among the most cited articles from the journal.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After this work at <a href="/wiki/Fremantle,_Western_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Fremantle, Western Australia">Fremantle</a> Hospital, Marshall did research at Royal Perth Hospital (1985-86) and at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Virginia" title="University of Virginia">University of Virginia</a>, USA (1986-1996), before going back to Australia. He held a Burnet Fellowship at the University of Western Australia from 1998-2003.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is still looking at <i>H. pylori</i> and runs the H.pylori Research Laboratory at UWA.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_honours">Awards and honours</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barry_Marshall&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Change section: Awards and honours" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barry_Marshall&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Awards and honours"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2005, the <a href="/wiki/Karolinska_Institutet" title="Karolinska Institutet">Karolinska Institute in Stockholm</a> gave the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine</a> to Dr. Marshall and Dr. Warren for finding the bacterium <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> and its part in <a href="/wiki/Gastritis" title="Gastritis">gastritis</a> and peptic ulcer disease.<sup id="cite_ref-award_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-award-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Marshall was given other awards including:<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Warren Alpert Prize in 1994</li> <li>Australian Medical Association Award in 1995</li> <li>Albert Lasker Award for Clinical Medical Research in 1995</li> <li>Gairdner Foundation International Award in 1996</li> <li>Paul Ehrlich and Ludwig Darmstaedter Prize in 1997</li> <li>Dr A.H. Heineken Prize for Medicine in 1998</li> <li>Florey Medal in 1998</li> <li>Buchanan Medal of the Royal Society in 1998</li> <li>Benjamin Franklin Medal for Life Sciences in 1999</li> <li>Keio Medical Science Prize in 2002</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centenary_Medal" title="Centenary Medal">Australian Centenary Medal</a> in 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>He was made a <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Australia" title="Order of Australia">Companion of the Order of Australia</a> in 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Related_pages">Related pages</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barry_Marshall&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Change section: Related pages" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barry_Marshall&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Related pages"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_biologists" title="List of biologists">List of biologists</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barry_Marshall&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Change section: Notes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barry_Marshall&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Notes"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724317">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724332">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110825202825/http://live.psu.edu/story/25683">"Nobel laureate Marshall joins Penn State faculty"</a>. Penn State Live. 2007-09-06. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://live.psu.edu/story/25683">the original</a> on 2011-08-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-09-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nobel+laureate+Marshall+joins+Penn+State+faculty&rft.pub=Penn+State+Live&rft.date=2007-09-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flive.psu.edu%2Fstory%2F25683&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABarry+Marshall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autobiography-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-autobiography_2-0">2.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-autobiography_2-1">2.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-autobiography_2-2">2.2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFBarry2005" class="citation web cs1">Barry, Marshall (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2005/marshall-autobio.html">"Autobiography"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Foundation" title="Nobel Foundation">Nobel Foundation</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-01-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Autobiography&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Barry&rft.aufirst=Marshall&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F2005%2Fmarshall-autobio.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABarry+Marshall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150626130603/http://www.achievement.org/autodoc/printmember/mar1int-1">"Barry Marshall Interview, H. Pylori and the Making of a Myth"</a>. Academy of Achievement. 23 May 1998. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.achievement.org/autodoc/printmember/mar1int-1">the original</a> on 2015-06-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-01-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Barry+Marshall+Interview%2C+H.+Pylori+and+the+Making+of+a+Myth&rft.pub=Academy+of+Achievement&rft.date=1998-05-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.achievement.org%2Fautodoc%2Fprintmember%2Fmar1int-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABarry+Marshall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFAtwood2004" class="citation web cs1">Atwood, Kimball C. (November 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.csicop.org/si/2004-11/bacteria.html">"Bacteria, Ulcers, and Ostracism?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Skeptical_Inquirer" title="Skeptical Inquirer">Skeptical Inquirer</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-07-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bacteria%2C+Ulcers%2C+and+Ostracism%3F&rft.pub=Skeptical+Inquirer&rft.date=2004-11&rft.aulast=Atwood&rft.aufirst=Kimball+C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.csicop.org%2Fsi%2F2004-11%2Fbacteria.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABarry+Marshall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mja.com.au/">Medical Journal of Australia</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFVan_Der_WeydenRuth_M_ArmstrongAnn_T_Gregory2005" class="citation journal cs1">Van Der Weyden, Martin B; Ruth M Armstrong; Ann T Gregory (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mja.com.au/public/issues/183_11_051205/van11000_fm.html#0_i1091639">"The 2005 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine"</a>. <i>Medical Journal of Australia</i>. <b>183</b> (11/12): 612–614<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-01-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Medical+Journal+of+Australia&rft.atitle=The+2005+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine&rft.volume=183&rft.issue=11%2F12&rft.pages=612-614&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Van+Der+Weyden&rft.aufirst=Martin+B&rft.au=Ruth+M+Armstrong&rft.au=Ann+T+Gregory&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mja.com.au%2Fpublic%2Fissues%2F183_11_051205%2Fvan11000_fm.html%230_i1091639&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABarry+Marshall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.postgraduate.uwa.edu.au/home/prospective/heroes/marshall">"Professor Barry Marshall"</a>. University of Western Australia. 28 July 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-01-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Professor+Barry+Marshall&rft.pub=University+of+Western+Australia&rft.date=2006-07-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.postgraduate.uwa.edu.au%2Fhome%2Fprospective%2Fheroes%2Fmarshall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABarry+Marshall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFMarshall2002" class="citation web cs1">Marshall, Barry (26 August 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hpylori.com.au">"Helicobacter pylori Research Laboratory"</a>. University of Western Australia<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-01-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Helicobacter+pylori+Research+Laboratory&rft.pub=University+of+Western+Australia&rft.date=2002-08-26&rft.aulast=Marshall&rft.aufirst=Barry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hpylori.com.au&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABarry+Marshall" class="Z3988"></span> His home page and various links can also be found there.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-award-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-award_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2005/illpres/">"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2005"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Foundation" title="Nobel Foundation">Nobel Foundation</a>. 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-01-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+2005&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft.date=2005&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F2005%2Fillpres%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABarry+Marshall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2005/marshall-cv.html">"Curriculum Vitae"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Foundation" title="Nobel Foundation">Nobel Foundation</a>. 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-01-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Curriculum+Vitae&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft.date=2005&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F2005%2Fmarshall-cv.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABarry+Marshall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150227135454/http://www.itsanhonour.gov.au/honours/honour_roll/search.cfm?aus_award_id=1126238&search_type=simple&showInd=true">"It's an Honour - Honours - Search Australian Honours"</a>. <i>itsanhonour.gov.au</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.itsanhonour.gov.au/honours/honour_roll/search.cfm?aus_award_id=1126238&search_type=simple&showInd=true">the original</a> on 27 February 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 September</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=itsanhonour.gov.au&rft.atitle=It%27s+an+Honour+-+Honours+-+Search+Australian+Honours&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.itsanhonour.gov.au%2Fhonours%2Fhonour_roll%2Fsearch.cfm%3Faus_award_id%3D1126238%26search_type%3Dsimple%26showInd%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABarry+Marshall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070926222733/http://www.itsanhonour.gov.au/honours/honour_roll/search.cfm?aus_award_id=1133678&search_type=quick&showInd=true">"It's an Honour"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Australia" title="Government of Australia">Government of Australia</a>. 26 January 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.itsanhonour.gov.au/honours/honour_roll/search.cfm?aus_award_id=1133678&search_type=quick&showInd=true">the original</a> on 2007-09-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-01-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=It%27s+an+Honour&rft.pub=Government+of+Australia&rft.date=2007-01-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.itsanhonour.gov.au%2Fhonours%2Fhonour_roll%2Fsearch.cfm%3Faus_award_id%3D1133678%26search_type%3Dquick%26showInd%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABarry+Marshall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barry_Marshall&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Change section: References" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barry_Marshall&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Marshall BJ, Warren JR. <i>Unidentified curved bacillus on gastric epithelium in active chronic gastritis.</i> Lancet 1983;1(8336):1273-1275. <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6134060?dopt=Abstract">PMID 6134060</a>.</li> <li>Marshall BJ, Warren JR. <i>Unidentified curved bacilli in the stomach patients with gastritis and peptic ulceration.</i> Lancet 1984;1(8390):1311-1315. <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6145023?dopt=Abstract">PMID 6145023</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFSweet1997" class="citation news cs1">Sweet, Melissa (2 August 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140718150637/http://www.vianet.net.au/~bjmrshll/features2.html">"Smug as a bug"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Sydney_Morning_Herald" title="The Sydney Morning Herald">The Sydney Morning Herald</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vianet.net.au/~bjmrshll/features2.html">the original</a> on 2014-07-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-01-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Smug+as+a+bug&rft.date=1997-08-02&rft.aulast=Sweet&rft.aufirst=Melissa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vianet.net.au%2F~bjmrshll%2Ffeatures2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABarry+Marshall" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_websites">Other websites</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barry_Marshall&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Change section: Other websites" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barry_Marshall&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Other websites"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.helico.com/cgi-bin/yabb/YaBB.pl?board=;action=login">The Helicobacter Foundation Discussion Pages</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071206111419/http://www.helico.com/cgi-bin/yabb/YaBB.pl?board=;action=login">Archived</a> 2007-12-06 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hpylori.com.au">The Helicobacter pylori Research Laboratory</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.helico.com">The Helicobacter Foundation</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9122492">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output 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colspan="2" style="background:#d3d3d3;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9122447">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="Template:Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine"><abbr title="View this template" style=";background:#d3d3d3;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="Template talk:Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";background:#d3d3d3;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";background:#d3d3d3;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Winners_of_the_Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Winners of the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize" title="Nobel Prize">Nobel Prize</a> in <a href="/wiki/List_of_Nobel_Prize_winners_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="List of Nobel Prize winners in Physiology or Medicine">Physiology or Medicine</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#d3d3d3;">1901 – 1925</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Emil_Adolf_von_Behring" title="Emil Adolf von Behring">Behring</a> (1901) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Ross" title="Ronald Ross">Ross</a> (1902) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Niels_Ryberg_Finsen" title="Niels Ryberg Finsen">Finsen</a> (1903) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Pavlov" title="Ivan Pavlov">Pavlov</a> (1904) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Robert_Koch" title="Robert Koch">Koch</a> (1905) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Camillo_Golgi" title="Camillo Golgi">Golgi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Santiago_Ram%C3%B3n_y_Cajal" title="Santiago Ramón y Cajal">Ramón y Cajal</a> (1906) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Alphonse_Laveran" title="Alphonse Laveran">Laveran</a> (1907) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ilya_Mechnikov" title="Ilya Mechnikov">Mechnikov</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paul_Ehrlich" title="Paul Ehrlich">Ehrlich</a> (1908) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Emil_Theodor_Kocher" title="Emil Theodor Kocher">Kocher</a> (1909) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Albrecht_Kossel" title="Albrecht Kossel">Kossel</a> (1910) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Allvar_Gullstrand" title="Allvar Gullstrand">Gullstrand</a> (1911) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Alexis_Carrel" title="Alexis Carrel">Carrel</a> (1912) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Charles_Robert_Richet" title="Charles Robert Richet">Richet</a> (1913) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Robert_B%C3%A1r%C3%A1ny" title="Robert Bárány">Bárány</a> (1914) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Jules_Bordet" title="Jules Bordet">Bordet</a> (1919) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/August_Krogh" title="August Krogh">Krogh</a> (1920) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Archibald_Hill" title="Archibald Hill">Hill</a> / <a href="/wiki/Otto_Fritz_Meyerhof" title="Otto Fritz Meyerhof">Meyerhof</a> (1922) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Banting" title="Frederick Banting">Banting</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Macleod" title="John Macleod">Macleod</a> (1923) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Willem_Einthoven" title="Willem Einthoven">Einthoven</a> (1924) </p> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#d3d3d3;">1926 – 1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Fibiger" title="Johannes Fibiger">Fibiger</a> (1926) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Julius_Wagner-Jauregg" title="Julius Wagner-Jauregg">Wagner-Jauregg</a> (1927) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Charles_Nicolle" title="Charles Nicolle">Nicolle</a> (1928) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Christiaan_Eijkman" title="Christiaan Eijkman">Eijkman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Hopkins" title="Frederick Hopkins">Hopkins</a> (1929) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Karl_Landsteiner" title="Karl Landsteiner">Landsteiner</a> (1930) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Otto_Heinrich_Warburg" title="Otto Heinrich Warburg">Warburg</a> (1931) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Charles_Scott_Sherrington" title="Charles Scott Sherrington">Sherrington</a> / <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Adrian,_1st_Baron_Adrian" title="Edgar Adrian, 1st Baron Adrian">Adrian</a> (1932) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hunt_Morgan" title="Thomas Hunt Morgan">Morgan</a> (1933) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/George_Whipple" title="George Whipple">Whipple</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Minot" title="George Minot">Minot</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_P._Murphy" title="William P. Murphy">Murphy</a> (1934) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Hans_Spemann" title="Hans Spemann">Spemann</a> (1935) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Henry_Hallett_Dale" title="Henry Hallett Dale">Dale</a> / <a href="/wiki/Otto_Loewi" title="Otto Loewi">Loewi</a> (1936) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Albert_Szent-Gy%C3%B6rgyi" title="Albert Szent-Györgyi">Szent-Györgyi</a> (1937) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Corneille_Heymans" title="Corneille Heymans">Heymans</a> (1938) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Domagk" title="Gerhard Domagk">Domagk</a> (1939) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Henrik_Dam" title="Henrik Dam">Dam</a> / <a href="/wiki/Edward_Adelbert_Doisy" title="Edward Adelbert Doisy">Doisy</a> (1943) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Erlanger" title="Joseph Erlanger">Erlanger</a> / <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Gasser" title="Herbert Gasser">Gasser</a> (1944) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Fleming" title="Alexander Fleming">Fleming</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Chain" title="Ernst Chain">Chain</a> / <a href="/wiki/Howard_Florey" title="Howard Florey">Florey</a> (1945) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/H._J._Muller" title="H. J. Muller">Muller</a> (1946) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Carl_Ferdinand_Cori" title="Carl Ferdinand Cori">C.Cori</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gerty_Cori" title="Gerty Cori">G.Cori</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Houssay" title="Bernardo Houssay">Houssay</a> (1947) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Paul_Hermann_M%C3%BCller" title="Paul Hermann Müller">Müller</a> (1948) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Walter_Rudolf_Hess" title="Walter Rudolf Hess">Hess</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Egas_Moniz" title="António Egas Moniz">Moniz</a> (1949) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Edward_Calvin_Kendall" title="Edward Calvin Kendall">Kendall</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tadeus_Reichstein" title="Tadeus Reichstein">Reichstein</a> / <a href="/wiki/Philip_Showalter_Hench" title="Philip Showalter Hench">Hench</a> (1950) </p> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#d3d3d3;">1951 – 1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Max_Theiler" title="Max Theiler">Theiler</a> (1951) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Selman_Waksman" title="Selman Waksman">Waksman</a> (1952) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Hans_Krebs" title="Hans Krebs">Krebs</a> / <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Albert_Lipmann" class="mw-redirect" title="Fritz Albert Lipmann">Lipmann</a> (1953) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/John_Franklin_Enders" class="mw-redirect" title="John Franklin Enders">Enders</a> / <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Huckle_Weller" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Huckle Weller">Weller</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Chapman_Robbins" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick Chapman Robbins">Robbins</a> (1954) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Theorell" title="Hugo Theorell">Theorell</a> (1955) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Cournand" class="mw-redirect" title="André Frédéric Cournand">Cournand</a> / <a href="/wiki/Werner_Forssmann" title="Werner Forssmann">Forssmann</a> / <a href="/wiki/Dickinson_W._Richards" title="Dickinson W. Richards">Richards</a> (1956) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Bovet" title="Daniel Bovet">Bovet</a> (1957) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/George_Beadle" title="George Beadle">Beadle</a> / <a href="/wiki/Edward_Tatum" title="Edward Tatum">Tatum</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joshua_Lederberg" title="Joshua Lederberg">Lederberg</a> (1958) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Severo_Ochoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Severo Ochoa">Ochoa</a> / <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Kornberg" title="Arthur Kornberg">Kornberg</a> (1959) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Frank_Macfarlane_Burnet" title="Frank Macfarlane Burnet">Burnet</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peter_Medawar" title="Peter Medawar">Medawar</a> (1960) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Georg_von_B%C3%A9k%C3%A9sy" title="Georg von Békésy">Békésy</a> (1961) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick">Crick</a> / <a href="/wiki/James_D._Watson" title="James D. Watson">Watson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Wilkins" title="Maurice Wilkins">Wilkins</a> (1962) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/John_Eccles_(neurophysiologist)" title="John Eccles (neurophysiologist)">Eccles</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alan_Hodgkin" title="Alan Hodgkin">Hodgkin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Huxley" title="Andrew Huxley">Huxley</a> (1963) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Konrad_Emil_Bloch" title="Konrad Emil Bloch">Bloch</a> / <a href="/wiki/Feodor_Felix_Konrad_Lynen" class="mw-redirect" title="Feodor Felix Konrad Lynen">Lynen</a> (1964) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Jacob" title="François Jacob">Jacob</a> / <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Michel_Lwoff" class="mw-redirect" title="André Michel Lwoff">Lwoff</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Monod" title="Jacques Monod">Monod</a> (1965) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Francis_Peyton_Rous" class="mw-redirect" title="Francis Peyton Rous">Rous</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charles_Brenton_Huggins" title="Charles Brenton Huggins">Huggins</a> (1966) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ragnar_Granit" title="Ragnar Granit">Granit</a> / <a href="/wiki/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline" title="Haldan Keffer Hartline">Hartline</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Wald" title="George Wald">Wald</a> (1967) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Robert_W._Holley" title="Robert W. Holley">Holley</a> / <a href="/wiki/Har_Gobind_Khorana" title="Har Gobind Khorana">Khorana</a> / <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Warren_Nirenberg" title="Marshall Warren Nirenberg">Nirenberg</a> (1968) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Max_Delbr%C3%BCck" title="Max Delbrück">Delbrück</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hershey" title="Alfred Hershey">Hershey</a> / <a href="/wiki/Salvador_Luria" title="Salvador Luria">Luria</a> (1969) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Katz" title="Bernard Katz">Katz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ulf_von_Euler" title="Ulf von Euler">Euler</a> / <a href="/wiki/Julius_Axelrod" class="mw-redirect" title="Julius Axelrod">Axelrod</a> (1970) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Earl_Wilbur_Sutherland_Jr." title="Earl Wilbur Sutherland Jr.">Sutherland</a> (1971) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Edelman" title="Gerald Edelman">Edelman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Rodney_Robert_Porter" class="mw-redirect" title="Rodney Robert Porter">Porter</a> (1972) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Karl_von_Frisch" title="Karl von Frisch">Frisch</a> / <a href="/wiki/Konrad_Lorenz" title="Konrad Lorenz">Lorenz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Niko_Tinbergen" title="Niko Tinbergen">Tinbergen</a> (1973) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Albert_Claude" title="Albert Claude">Claude</a> / <a href="/wiki/Christian_de_Duve" title="Christian de Duve">Duve</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Emil_Palade" title="George Emil Palade">Palade</a> (1974) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/David_Baltimore" title="David Baltimore">Baltimore</a> / <a href="/wiki/Howard_Temin" title="Howard Temin">Temin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Renato_Dulbecco" title="Renato Dulbecco">Dulbecco</a> (1975) </p> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#d3d3d3;">1976 – 2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Baruch_Samuel_Blumberg" title="Baruch Samuel Blumberg">Blumberg</a> / <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Carleton_Gajdusek" title="Daniel Carleton Gajdusek">Gajdusek</a> (1976) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Roger_Guillemin" title="Roger Guillemin">Guillemin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Schally" title="Andrew Schally">Schally</a> / <a href="/wiki/Rosalyn_Yalow" title="Rosalyn Yalow">Yalow</a> (1977) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Werner_Arber" title="Werner Arber">Arber</a> / <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Nathans" title="Daniel Nathans">Nathans</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Smith" title="Hamilton Smith">Smith</a> (1978) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Allan_McLeod_Cormack" title="Allan McLeod Cormack">Cormack</a> / <a href="/wiki/Godfrey_Hounsfield" class="mw-redirect" title="Godfrey Hounsfield">Hounsfield</a> (1979) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Baruj_Benacerraf" title="Baruj Benacerraf">Benacerraf</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jean_Dausset" title="Jean Dausset">Dausset</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Davis_Snell" title="George Davis Snell">Snell</a> (1980) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Roger_Sperry" class="mw-redirect" title="Roger Sperry">Sperry</a> / <a href="/wiki/David_Hubel" title="David Hubel">Hubel</a> / <a href="/wiki/Torsten_Wiesel" title="Torsten Wiesel">Wiesel</a> (1981) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Sune_Bergstr%C3%B6m" title="Sune Bergström">Bergström</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bengt_I._Samuelsson" title="Bengt I. Samuelsson">Samuelsson</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Robert_Vane" class="mw-redirect" title="John Robert Vane">Vane</a> (1982) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Barbara_McClintock" title="Barbara McClintock">McClintock</a> (1983) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Niels_Kaj_Jerne" title="Niels Kaj Jerne">Jerne</a> / <a href="/wiki/Georges_J._F._K%C3%B6hler" title="Georges J. F. Köhler">Köhler</a> / <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Milstein" class="mw-redirect" title="César Milstein">Milstein</a> (1984) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Michael_Stuart_Brown" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael Stuart Brown">Brown</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joseph_L._Goldstein" title="Joseph L. Goldstein">Goldstein</a> (1985) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Cohen" title="Stanley Cohen">Stanley Cohen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Rita_Levi-Montalcini" title="Rita Levi-Montalcini">Levi-Montalcini</a> (1986) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Susumu_Tonegawa" title="Susumu Tonegawa">Tonegawa</a> (1987) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/James_Black" title="James Black">Black</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gertrude_B._Elion" title="Gertrude B. Elion">Elion</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_H._Hitchings" title="George H. Hitchings">Hitchings</a> (1988) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/J._Michael_Bishop" title="J. Michael Bishop">Bishop</a> / <a href="/wiki/Harold_Varmus" title="Harold Varmus">Varmus</a> (1989) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Murray" title="Joseph Murray">Murray</a> / <a href="/wiki/E._Donnall_Thomas" title="E. Donnall Thomas">Thomas</a> (1990) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Erwin_Neher" title="Erwin Neher">Neher</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bert_Sakmann" title="Bert Sakmann">Sakmann</a> (1991) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Edmond_H._Fischer" title="Edmond H. Fischer">Fischer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Edwin_G._Krebs" title="Edwin G. Krebs">Krebs</a> (1992) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Richard_Roberts" title="Richard Roberts">Roberts</a> / <a href="/wiki/Phillip_Sharp" title="Phillip Sharp">Sharp</a> (1993) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Alfred_G._Gilman" title="Alfred G. Gilman">Gilman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Martin_Rodbell" title="Martin Rodbell">Rodbell</a> (1994) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Edward_B._Lewis" title="Edward B. Lewis">Lewis</a> / <a href="/wiki/Christiane_N%C3%BCsslein-Volhard" title="Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard">Nüsslein-Volhard</a> / <a href="/wiki/Eric_F._Wieschaus" title="Eric F. Wieschaus">Wieschaus</a> (1995) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Peter_C._Doherty" title="Peter C. Doherty">Doherty</a> / <a href="/wiki/Rolf_M._Zinkernagel" title="Rolf M. Zinkernagel">Zinkernagel</a> (1996) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Stanley_B._Prusiner" title="Stanley B. Prusiner">Prusiner</a> (1997) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Furchgott" title="Robert F. Furchgott">Furchgott</a> / <a href="/wiki/Louis_Ignarro" title="Louis Ignarro">Ignarro</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ferid_Murad" title="Ferid Murad">Murad</a> (1998) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Blobel" title="Günter Blobel">Blobel</a> (1999) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson">Carlsson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paul_Greengard" title="Paul Greengard">Greengard</a> / <a href="/wiki/Eric_Kandel" title="Eric Kandel">Kandel</a> (2000) </p> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#d3d3d3;">2001 – present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Lee_Hartwell" title="Lee Hartwell">Hartwell</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tim_Hunt" title="Tim Hunt">Hunt</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paul_Nurse" title="Paul Nurse">Nurse</a> (2001) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner">Brenner</a> / <a href="/wiki/H._Robert_Horvitz" title="H. Robert Horvitz">Horvitz</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Sulston" title="John Sulston">Sulston</a> (2002) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Paul_Lauterbur" title="Paul Lauterbur">Lauterbur</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peter_Mansfield" title="Peter Mansfield">Mansfield</a> (2003) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel">Axel</a> / <a href="/wiki/Linda_B._Buck" title="Linda B. Buck">Buck</a> (2004) <b>·</b>  <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Marshall</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robin_Warren" title="Robin Warren">Warren</a> (2005) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Fire" title="Andrew Fire">Fire</a> / <a href="/wiki/Craig_Mello" title="Craig Mello">Mello</a> (2006) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Mario_Capecchi" title="Mario Capecchi">Capecchi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Martin_Evans" title="Martin Evans">Evans</a> / <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Smithies" title="Oliver Smithies">Smithies</a> (2007) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7oise_Barr%C3%A9-Sinoussi" title="Françoise Barré-Sinoussi">Barré-Sinoussi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Luc_Montagnier" title="Luc Montagnier">Montagnier</a> / <a href="/wiki/Harald_zur_Hausen" title="Harald zur Hausen">zur Hausen</a> (2008) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Blackburn" title="Elizabeth Blackburn">Blackburn</a> / <a href="/wiki/Carol_Greider" title="Carol Greider">Greider</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jack_Szostak" title="Jack Szostak">Szostak</a> (2009) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Robert_Edwards" title="Robert Edwards">Edwards</a> (2010) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Beutler" title="Bruce Beutler">Beutler</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jules_Hoffmann" title="Jules Hoffmann">Hoffmann</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Steinman" title="Ralph Steinman">Steinman</a> (2011) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/John_Gurdon" title="John Gurdon">Gurdon</a> / <a href="/wiki/Shinya_Yamanaka" title="Shinya Yamanaka">Yamanaka</a> (2012) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/James_Rothman" title="James Rothman">Rothman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Randy_Schekman" title="Randy Schekman">Schekman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Thomas_C._S%C3%BCdhof" title="Thomas C. Südhof">Südhof</a> (2013) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/John_O%27Keefe" title="John O'Keefe">O'Keefe</a> / <a href="/wiki/May-Britt_Moser" title="May-Britt Moser">M-B. Moser</a> / <a href="/wiki/Edvard_Moser" title="Edvard Moser">E. Moser</a> (2014) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/William_C._Campbell_(scientist)" title="William C. Campbell (scientist)">Campbell</a> / <a href="/wiki/Satoshi_%C5%8Cmura" title="Satoshi Ōmura">Ōmura</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tu_Youyou" title="Tu Youyou">Youyou</a> (2015) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Yoshinori_Ohsumi" title="Yoshinori Ohsumi">Ohsumi</a> (2016) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_C._Hall" title="Jeffrey C. Hall">Hall</a> / <a href="/wiki/Michael_Rosbash" title="Michael Rosbash">Rosbash</a> / <a href="/wiki/Michael_W._Young" title="Michael W. Young">Young</a> (2017) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/James_P._Allison" title="James P. Allison">Allison</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tasuku_Honjo" title="Tasuku Honjo">Honjo</a> (2018) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gregg_L._Semenza" title="Gregg L. Semenza">Semenza</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peter_J._Ratcliffe" title="Peter J. Ratcliffe">Ratcliffe</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_Kaelin_Jr." title="William Kaelin Jr.">Kaelin Jr.</a> (2019) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Harvey_J._Alter" title="Harvey J. Alter">Atler</a> / <a href="/wiki/Michael_Houghton" title="Michael Houghton">Houghton</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charles_M._Rice" title="Charles M. Rice">Rice</a> (2020) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ardem_Patapoutian" title="Ardem Patapoutian">Patapoutian</a> / <a href="/wiki/David_Julius" title="David Julius">Julius</a> (2021) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Svante_P%C3%A4%C3%A4bo" title="Svante Pääbo">Pääbo</a> (2022) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Katalin_Karik%C3%B3" title="Katalin Karikó">Karikó</a> / <a href="/wiki/Drew_Weissman" title="Drew Weissman">Weissman</a> (2023) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Victor_Ambros" title="Victor Ambros">Ambros</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gary_Ruvkun" title="Gary Ruvkun">Ruvkun</a> (2024) </p> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Barry_Marshall&oldid=9338897">https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Barry_Marshall&oldid=9338897</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine_winners" title="Category:Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine winners">Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine winners</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1951_births" title="Category:1951 births">1951 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Living_people" title="Category:Living people">Living people</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Australian_biologists" title="Category:Australian biologists">Australian biologists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Australian_medical_doctors" title="Category:Australian medical doctors">Australian medical doctors</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Australian_educators" title="Category:Australian educators">Australian educators</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Microbiologists" title="Category:Microbiologists">Microbiologists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Australian_autobiographers" title="Category:Australian autobiographers">Australian autobiographers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Scientists_from_Western_Australia" title="Category:Scientists from Western Australia">Scientists from Western Australia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Australian_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Category:Australian Nobel Prize winners">Australian Nobel Prize winners</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Order_of_Australia" title="Category:Order of Australia">Order of Australia</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_JsonConfig_extension" title="Category:Pages using the JsonConfig extension">Pages using the JsonConfig extension</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards" title="Category:Articles with hCards">Articles with hCards</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_PMID_magic_links" title="Category:Pages using PMID magic links">Pages using PMID magic links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last changed on 3 February 2024, at 08:28.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_GNU_Free_Documentation_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the GNU Free Documentation License">GFDL</a>; additional terms may apply. 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