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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Coherent Population Trapping</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">1 Follower</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Coherent Population Trapping</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Coherent_Population_Trapping">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_75355082" data-work_id="75355082" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/75355082/Polarization_dependent_sensitivity_of_level_crossing_coherent_population_trapping_resonances_to_stray_magnetic_fields">Polarization-dependent sensitivity of level-crossing, coherent-population-trapping resonances to stray magnetic fields</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Coherent-population-trapping resonances within the degenerate two-level system of the F=2→F'=1 transition of the 87 Rb D1 line were investigated in an uncoated Rb vapor cell by means of level-crossing-type experiments. Tuning over the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_75355082" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Coherent-population-trapping resonances within the degenerate two-level system of the F=2→F'=1 transition of the 87 Rb D1 line were investigated in an uncoated Rb vapor cell by means of level-crossing-type experiments. Tuning over the two-photon resonance is achieved sweeping a magnetic field around zero value. The influence of transverse magnetic fields on the amplitude and the width of the resonances, recorded in fluorescence and absorption, were investigated in the cases of excitation with linear, circular, and elliptical laser light polarization. A theoretical analysis was performed for the case of linearly polarized excitation, the results of which are in good agreement with the experiment.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/75355082" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4dbd8890ec3bf1d3b72c9d552b7bb229" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":83265446,"asset_id":75355082,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83265446/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="38612867" href="https://bas.academia.edu/GeorgyTodorov">Georgy Todorov</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="38612867" type="text/json">{"id":38612867,"first_name":"Georgy","last_name":"Todorov","domain_name":"bas","page_name":"GeorgyTodorov","display_name":"Georgy Todorov","profile_url":"https://bas.academia.edu/GeorgyTodorov?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_75355082 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="75355082"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 75355082, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_75355082", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_75355082 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75355082; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_75355082"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_75355082 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="75355082"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75355082; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75355082]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_75355082").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_75355082").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="75355082"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="305" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics">Applied Mathematics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="305" type="text/json">{"id":305,"name":"Applied Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="498" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics">Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="498" type="text/json">{"id":498,"name":"Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="34754" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetic_field">Magnetic field</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="34754" type="text/json">{"id":34754,"name":"Magnetic field","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetic_field?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="108855" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping">Coherent Population Trapping</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="108855" type="text/json">{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=75355082]'), work: {"id":75355082,"title":"Polarization-dependent sensitivity of level-crossing, coherent-population-trapping resonances to stray magnetic fields","created_at":"2022-04-03T16:13:21.132-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/75355082/Polarization_dependent_sensitivity_of_level_crossing_coherent_population_trapping_resonances_to_stray_magnetic_fields?f_ri=108855","dom_id":"work_75355082","summary":"Coherent-population-trapping resonances within the degenerate two-level system of the F=2→F'=1 transition of the 87 Rb D1 line were investigated in an uncoated Rb vapor cell by means of level-crossing-type experiments. Tuning over the two-photon resonance is achieved sweeping a magnetic field around zero value. The influence of transverse magnetic fields on the amplitude and the width of the resonances, recorded in fluorescence and absorption, were investigated in the cases of excitation with linear, circular, and elliptical laser light polarization. A theoretical analysis was performed for the case of linearly polarized excitation, the results of which are in good agreement with the experiment.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":83265446,"asset_id":75355082,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":38612867,"first_name":"Georgy","last_name":"Todorov","domain_name":"bas","page_name":"GeorgyTodorov","display_name":"Georgy Todorov","profile_url":"https://bas.academia.edu/GeorgyTodorov?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":305,"name":"Applied Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":498,"name":"Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":34754,"name":"Magnetic field","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetic_field?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":184965,"name":"Theoretical Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theoretical_Analysis?f_ri=108855"},{"id":263152,"name":"Optical physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_physics?f_ri=108855"},{"id":436755,"name":"Degeneration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Degeneration?f_ri=108855"},{"id":1237788,"name":"Electrical And Electronic Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_And_Electronic_Engineering?f_ri=108855"},{"id":2430968,"name":"Optical Society of America","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_Society_of_America?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34414136" data-work_id="34414136" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34414136/Practical_Realization_of_a_Passive_Coherent_Population_Trapping_Frequency_Standard">Practical Realization of a Passive Coherent Population Trapping Frequency Standard</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The paper outlines the practical realization and characteristics of a small, totally autonomous passive frequency standard based on the coherent population trapping (CPT) phenomenon. The frequency standard, including physical... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34414136" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The paper outlines the practical realization and characteristics of a small, totally autonomous passive frequency standard based on the coherent population trapping (CPT) phenomenon. The frequency standard, including physical characteristics, block diagrams of the optical control CPT resonance system and of the digital control electronics, is described. The characteristics of the frequency standard relative to general functionality and frequency stability are given, as measured on several units. he was responsible for the design and production testing of the Kernco GPS VCXO program. In addition to these programs, he has contributed to the design, testing, and qualification under several successful NASA and DOD programs producing military and space qualified hardware. He is currently working on the development of frequency standards based on coherent population trapping technology.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34414136" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e72ba862479d769e45d604c5931c37e4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54293660,"asset_id":34414136,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54293660/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2841354" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DanielJanssen">Daniel Janssen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2841354" type="text/json">{"id":2841354,"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Janssen","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DanielJanssen","display_name":"Daniel Janssen","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DanielJanssen?f_ri=108855","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2841354/932394/1167556/s65_daniel.janssen.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34414136 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34414136"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34414136, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34414136", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34414136]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34414136").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34414136").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34414136"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23018" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Control">Digital Control</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23018" type="text/json">{"id":23018,"name":"Digital Control","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Control?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27497" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Instrumentation">Instrumentation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="27497" type="text/json">{"id":27497,"name":"Instrumentation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Instrumentation?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="108855" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping">Coherent Population Trapping</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="108855" type="text/json">{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="761969" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_Pumping">Optical Pumping</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="761969" type="text/json">{"id":761969,"name":"Optical Pumping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_Pumping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34414136]'), work: {"id":34414136,"title":"Practical Realization of a Passive Coherent Population Trapping Frequency Standard","created_at":"2017-08-30T13:20:26.874-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34414136/Practical_Realization_of_a_Passive_Coherent_Population_Trapping_Frequency_Standard?f_ri=108855","dom_id":"work_34414136","summary":"The paper outlines the practical realization and characteristics of a small, totally autonomous passive frequency standard based on the coherent population trapping (CPT) phenomenon. The frequency standard, including physical characteristics, block diagrams of the optical control CPT resonance system and of the digital control electronics, is described. The characteristics of the frequency standard relative to general functionality and frequency stability are given, as measured on several units. he was responsible for the design and production testing of the Kernco GPS VCXO program. In addition to these programs, he has contributed to the design, testing, and qualification under several successful NASA and DOD programs producing military and space qualified hardware. He is currently working on the development of frequency standards based on coherent population trapping technology.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54293660,"asset_id":34414136,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2841354,"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Janssen","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DanielJanssen","display_name":"Daniel Janssen","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DanielJanssen?f_ri=108855","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2841354/932394/1167556/s65_daniel.janssen.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":23018,"name":"Digital Control","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Control?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":27497,"name":"Instrumentation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Instrumentation?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":761969,"name":"Optical Pumping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_Pumping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":1237788,"name":"Electrical And Electronic Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_And_Electronic_Engineering?f_ri=108855"},{"id":1536161,"name":"Atomic clock","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atomic_clock?f_ri=108855"},{"id":2516454,"name":"Generating Function","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Generating_Function?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9503655" data-work_id="9503655" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9503655/Theory_of_Dicke_narrowing_in_coherent_population_trapping">Theory of Dicke narrowing in coherent population trapping</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Doppler effect is one of the dominant broadening mechanisms in thermal vapor spectroscopy. For two-photon transitions one would naively expect the Doppler effect to cause a residual broadening, proportional to the wave-vector... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9503655" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Doppler effect is one of the dominant broadening mechanisms in thermal vapor spectroscopy. For two-photon transitions one would naively expect the Doppler effect to cause a residual broadening, proportional to the wave-vector difference. In coherent population trapping (CPT), which is a narrow-band phenomenon, such broadening was not observed experimentally. This has been commonly attributed to frequent velocity-changing collisions, known to narrow Doppler-broadened one-photon absorption lines (Dicke narrowing). Here we show theoretically that such a narrowing mechanism indeed exists for CPT resonances. The narrowing factor is the ratio between the atom's mean free path and the wavelength associated with the wave-vector difference of the two radiation fields. A possible experiment to verify the theory is suggested.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9503655" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8183d8b50520889dc9736c0704fc9c8a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35732194,"asset_id":9503655,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35732194/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="22281879" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AmiramRon">Amiram Ron</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="22281879" type="text/json">{"id":22281879,"first_name":"Amiram","last_name":"Ron","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AmiramRon","display_name":"Amiram Ron","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AmiramRon?f_ri=108855","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/22281879/6094708/6910631/s65_amiram.ron.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9503655 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9503655"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9503655, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9503655", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_9503655 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9503655; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_9503655"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_9503655 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9503655"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9503655; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9503655]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9503655").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9503655").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9503655"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="80414" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences">Mathematical Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="80414" type="text/json">{"id":80414,"name":"Mathematical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="93654" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electromagnetically_Induced_Transparency">Electromagnetically Induced Transparency</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="93654" type="text/json">{"id":93654,"name":"Electromagnetically Induced Transparency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electromagnetically_Induced_Transparency?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="108855" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping">Coherent Population Trapping</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="108855" type="text/json">{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="118582" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences">Physical sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="118582" type="text/json">{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9503655]'), work: {"id":9503655,"title":"Theory of Dicke narrowing in coherent population trapping","created_at":"2014-11-25T22:20:40.607-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9503655/Theory_of_Dicke_narrowing_in_coherent_population_trapping?f_ri=108855","dom_id":"work_9503655","summary":"The Doppler effect is one of the dominant broadening mechanisms in thermal vapor spectroscopy. For two-photon transitions one would naively expect the Doppler effect to cause a residual broadening, proportional to the wave-vector difference. In coherent population trapping (CPT), which is a narrow-band phenomenon, such broadening was not observed experimentally. This has been commonly attributed to frequent velocity-changing collisions, known to narrow Doppler-broadened one-photon absorption lines (Dicke narrowing). Here we show theoretically that such a narrowing mechanism indeed exists for CPT resonances. The narrowing factor is the ratio between the atom's mean free path and the wavelength associated with the wave-vector difference of the two radiation fields. A possible experiment to verify the theory is suggested.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35732194,"asset_id":9503655,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":22281879,"first_name":"Amiram","last_name":"Ron","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AmiramRon","display_name":"Amiram Ron","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AmiramRon?f_ri=108855","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/22281879/6094708/6910631/s65_amiram.ron.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":80414,"name":"Mathematical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":93654,"name":"Electromagnetically Induced Transparency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electromagnetically_Induced_Transparency?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":238712,"name":"Solar Radiation Pressure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Solar_Radiation_Pressure?f_ri=108855"},{"id":260118,"name":"CHEMICAL SCIENCES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CHEMICAL_SCIENCES?f_ri=108855"},{"id":521099,"name":"Doppler effect","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Doppler_effect?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_26278646" data-work_id="26278646" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/26278646/Ultrafast_coherent_control_and_suppressed_nuclear_feedback_of_a_single_quantum_dot_hole_qubit">Ultrafast coherent control and suppressed nuclear feedback of a single quantum dot hole qubit</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Future communication and computation technologies that exploit quantum information require robust and well-isolated qubits. Electron spins in III-V semiconductor quantum dots, while promising candidates, see their dynamics limited by... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_26278646" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Future communication and computation technologies that exploit quantum information require robust and well-isolated qubits. Electron spins in III-V semiconductor quantum dots, while promising candidates, see their dynamics limited by undesirable hysteresis and decohering effects of the nuclear spin bath. Replacing electrons with holes should suppress the hyperfine interaction and consequently eliminate strong nuclear effects. Using picosecond optical pulses, we demonstrate coherent control of a single hole qubit and examine both free-induction and spin-echo decay. In moving from electrons to holes, we observe significantly reduced hyperfine interactions, evidenced by the reemergence of hysteresis-free dynamics, while obtaining similar coherence times, limited by non-nuclear mechanisms. These results demonstrate the potential of optically controlled, quantum dot hole qubits. arXiv:1106.5676v1 [quant-ph]</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/26278646" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b98bdb5ee496b4175421c0826919f847" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46592100,"asset_id":26278646,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46592100/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="37484900" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SvenHofling">Sven Hofling</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="37484900" type="text/json">{"id":37484900,"first_name":"Sven","last_name":"Hofling","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SvenHofling","display_name":"Sven Hofling","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SvenHofling?f_ri=108855","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/37484900/13191021/14484208/s65_sven.hofling.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_26278646 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="26278646"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26278646, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_26278646", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_26278646 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26278646; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_26278646"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_26278646 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26278646"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26278646; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26278646]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_26278646").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_26278646").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="26278646"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2640" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Information">Quantum Information</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2640" type="text/json">{"id":2640,"name":"Quantum Information","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Information?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7580" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/III-V_Semiconductors">III-V Semiconductors</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7580" type="text/json">{"id":7580,"name":"III-V Semiconductors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/III-V_Semiconductors?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="80414" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences">Mathematical Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="80414" type="text/json">{"id":80414,"name":"Mathematical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="108855" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping">Coherent Population Trapping</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="108855" type="text/json">{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=26278646]'), work: {"id":26278646,"title":"Ultrafast coherent control and suppressed nuclear feedback of a single quantum dot hole qubit","created_at":"2016-06-18T04:43:50.502-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/26278646/Ultrafast_coherent_control_and_suppressed_nuclear_feedback_of_a_single_quantum_dot_hole_qubit?f_ri=108855","dom_id":"work_26278646","summary":"Future communication and computation technologies that exploit quantum information require robust and well-isolated qubits. Electron spins in III-V semiconductor quantum dots, while promising candidates, see their dynamics limited by undesirable hysteresis and decohering effects of the nuclear spin bath. Replacing electrons with holes should suppress the hyperfine interaction and consequently eliminate strong nuclear effects. Using picosecond optical pulses, we demonstrate coherent control of a single hole qubit and examine both free-induction and spin-echo decay. In moving from electrons to holes, we observe significantly reduced hyperfine interactions, evidenced by the reemergence of hysteresis-free dynamics, while obtaining similar coherence times, limited by non-nuclear mechanisms. These results demonstrate the potential of optically controlled, quantum dot hole qubits. arXiv:1106.5676v1 [quant-ph]","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46592100,"asset_id":26278646,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":37484900,"first_name":"Sven","last_name":"Hofling","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SvenHofling","display_name":"Sven Hofling","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SvenHofling?f_ri=108855","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/37484900/13191021/14484208/s65_sven.hofling.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2640,"name":"Quantum Information","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Information?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":7580,"name":"III-V Semiconductors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/III-V_Semiconductors?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":80414,"name":"Mathematical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=108855"},{"id":445674,"name":"Quantum Dot","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Dot?f_ri=108855"},{"id":512695,"name":"Nature Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nature_Physics?f_ri=108855"},{"id":1676406,"name":"Coherent Control","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Control?f_ri=108855"},{"id":2004746,"name":"Spin Echo","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spin_Echo?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_21031829" data-work_id="21031829" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/21031829/Transient_velocity_selective_coherent_population_trapping_in_one_dimension">Transient velocity-selective coherent population trapping in one dimension</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We show theoretically that velocity-selective coherent population trapping in one dimension may be realized in atomic transitions other than Jg = 1 -Je = 1. The atomic momentum distribution resulting from irradiation by counterpropagating... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_21031829" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We show theoretically that velocity-selective coherent population trapping in one dimension may be realized in atomic transitions other than Jg = 1 -Je = 1. The atomic momentum distribution resulting from irradiation by counterpropagating o-+-o-waves on the Jg = 3/2 -Je = 1/2 and the Jg = 2 -Je = 1 atomic transitions is investigated through solution of the optical Bloch equations and determination of the effective loss rates for atomic eigenstates. An inverted-W atomic level configuration is also used to investigate the features of velocityselective coherent population trapping. The momentum distribution exhibits peaks at the ±hk or the +h2k and the 0 momenta, depending on the atomic transitions and the laser intensity. These structures, generated by atomic states that do not interact with the laser radiation, are stable when associated with eigenstates of the kinetic energy, or metastables; i.e., the structures last several hundred spontaneous lifetimes when generated by nonexact kinetic-energy eigenstates.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/21031829" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e6da9323e83c90cc6f07d23c1a4709d6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":41679850,"asset_id":21031829,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41679850/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="42257195" href="https://strathclyde.academia.edu/FrancescoPapoff">Francesco Papoff</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="42257195" type="text/json">{"id":42257195,"first_name":"Francesco","last_name":"Papoff","domain_name":"strathclyde","page_name":"FrancescoPapoff","display_name":"Francesco Papoff","profile_url":"https://strathclyde.academia.edu/FrancescoPapoff?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_21031829 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="21031829"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 21031829, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_21031829", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_21031829 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 21031829; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_21031829"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_21031829 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="21031829"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 21031829; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=21031829]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_21031829").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_21031829").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="21031829"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="305" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics">Applied Mathematics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="305" type="text/json">{"id":305,"name":"Applied Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="108855" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping">Coherent Population Trapping</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="108855" type="text/json">{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="263152" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_physics">Optical physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="263152" type="text/json">{"id":263152,"name":"Optical physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1013759" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laser_Cooling">Laser Cooling</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1013759" type="text/json">{"id":1013759,"name":"Laser Cooling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laser_Cooling?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=21031829]'), work: {"id":21031829,"title":"Transient velocity-selective coherent population trapping in one dimension","created_at":"2016-01-28T02:09:19.709-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/21031829/Transient_velocity_selective_coherent_population_trapping_in_one_dimension?f_ri=108855","dom_id":"work_21031829","summary":"We show theoretically that velocity-selective coherent population trapping in one dimension may be realized in atomic transitions other than Jg = 1 -Je = 1. The atomic momentum distribution resulting from irradiation by counterpropagating o-+-o-waves on the Jg = 3/2 -Je = 1/2 and the Jg = 2 -Je = 1 atomic transitions is investigated through solution of the optical Bloch equations and determination of the effective loss rates for atomic eigenstates. An inverted-W atomic level configuration is also used to investigate the features of velocityselective coherent population trapping. The momentum distribution exhibits peaks at the ±hk or the +h2k and the 0 momenta, depending on the atomic transitions and the laser intensity. These structures, generated by atomic states that do not interact with the laser radiation, are stable when associated with eigenstates of the kinetic energy, or metastables; i.e., the structures last several hundred spontaneous lifetimes when generated by nonexact kinetic-energy eigenstates.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":41679850,"asset_id":21031829,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":42257195,"first_name":"Francesco","last_name":"Papoff","domain_name":"strathclyde","page_name":"FrancescoPapoff","display_name":"Francesco Papoff","profile_url":"https://strathclyde.academia.edu/FrancescoPapoff?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":305,"name":"Applied Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":263152,"name":"Optical physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":1013759,"name":"Laser Cooling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laser_Cooling?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":1237788,"name":"Electrical And Electronic Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_And_Electronic_Engineering?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12604219" data-work_id="12604219" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12604219/Comparison_of_87_Rb_N_resonances_for_D1_and_D2_transitions">Comparison of 87 Rb N-resonances for D1 and D2 transitions</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We report an experimental comparison of three-photon-absorption resonances (known as "Nresonances") for the D1 and D2 optical transitions of thermal 87 Rb vapor. We find that the D2 N -resonance has better contrast, a broader linewidth,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12604219" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We report an experimental comparison of three-photon-absorption resonances (known as "Nresonances") for the D1 and D2 optical transitions of thermal 87 Rb vapor. We find that the D2 N -resonance has better contrast, a broader linewidth, and a more symmetric lineshape than the D1 N -resonance. Taken together, these factors imply superior performance for frequency standards operating on alkali D2 N -resonances, in contrast to coherent population trapping (CPT) resonances for which the D2 transition provides poorer frequency standard performance than the D1 transition.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12604219" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5cf037827508f63742824527a9768b5e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46055929,"asset_id":12604219,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46055929/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31547913" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RonaldWalsworth">Ronald Walsworth</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31547913" type="text/json">{"id":31547913,"first_name":"Ronald","last_name":"Walsworth","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RonaldWalsworth","display_name":"Ronald Walsworth","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RonaldWalsworth?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12604219 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12604219"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12604219, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12604219", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_12604219 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12604219; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_12604219"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_12604219 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="12604219"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12604219; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12604219]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_12604219").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_12604219").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12604219"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="518" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Physics">Quantum Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="518" type="text/json">{"id":518,"name":"Quantum Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="55704" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transition">Transition</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="55704" type="text/json">{"id":55704,"name":"Transition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transition?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="108855" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping">Coherent Population Trapping</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="108855" type="text/json">{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="263152" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_physics">Optical physics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="263152" type="text/json">{"id":263152,"name":"Optical physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12604219]'), work: {"id":12604219,"title":"Comparison of 87 Rb N-resonances for D1 and D2 transitions","created_at":"2015-05-26T05:06:29.239-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/12604219/Comparison_of_87_Rb_N_resonances_for_D1_and_D2_transitions?f_ri=108855","dom_id":"work_12604219","summary":"We report an experimental comparison of three-photon-absorption resonances (known as \"Nresonances\") for the D1 and D2 optical transitions of thermal 87 Rb vapor. We find that the D2 N -resonance has better contrast, a broader linewidth, and a more symmetric lineshape than the D1 N -resonance. Taken together, these factors imply superior performance for frequency standards operating on alkali D2 N -resonances, in contrast to coherent population trapping (CPT) resonances for which the D2 transition provides poorer frequency standard performance than the D1 transition.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46055929,"asset_id":12604219,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":31547913,"first_name":"Ronald","last_name":"Walsworth","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RonaldWalsworth","display_name":"Ronald Walsworth","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RonaldWalsworth?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":518,"name":"Quantum Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":55704,"name":"Transition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transition?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":263152,"name":"Optical physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":1237788,"name":"Electrical And Electronic Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_And_Electronic_Engineering?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_15388682 coauthored" data-work_id="15388682" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/15388682/Quantitative_study_of_the_destructive_quantum_interference_effect_on_coherent_population_trapping">Quantitative study of the destructive quantum-interference effect on coherent population trapping</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We investigate experimentally and theoretically the coherent population trapping ͑CPT͒ effect occurring in 87 Rb D 1 line due to the interaction with linearly polarized laser light ͑linʈ lin CPT͒. In this configuration, the coherence is... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_15388682" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We investigate experimentally and theoretically the coherent population trapping ͑CPT͒ effect occurring in 87 Rb D 1 line due to the interaction with linearly polarized laser light ͑linʈ lin CPT͒. In this configuration, the coherence is strongly influenced by the structure of the excited state; consequently, the quantum interference between dark states is an essential feature of this interaction scheme. We study the linʈ lin CPT resonance as a function of the laser optical detuning. The comparison between experimental and theoretical results allows us to quantify the contribution from different dark states to the total signal. Based on these results, we investigate the signal depending on both the pressure broadening of the optical transition and the laser linewidth, and we find in which conditions the laser linewidth does not degrade the linʈ lin CPT resonance.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/15388682" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="948b0f0fb66f45bbbb018be77f1b9061" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43236459,"asset_id":15388682,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43236459/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="34536752" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GMileti">G. Mileti</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="34536752" type="text/json">{"id":34536752,"first_name":"G.","last_name":"Mileti","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GMileti","display_name":"G. Mileti","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GMileti?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-15388682">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-15388682"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/RLammegger">R. Lammegger</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-15388682'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-15388682').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_15388682 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="15388682"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 15388682, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_15388682", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_15388682 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15388682; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_15388682"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_15388682 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="15388682"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15388682; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=15388682]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_15388682").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_15388682").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="15388682"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1430" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laser_Spectroscopy">Laser Spectroscopy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1430" type="text/json">{"id":1430,"name":"Laser Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laser_Spectroscopy?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="80414" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences">Mathematical Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="80414" type="text/json">{"id":80414,"name":"Mathematical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="93654" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electromagnetically_Induced_Transparency">Electromagnetically Induced Transparency</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="93654" type="text/json">{"id":93654,"name":"Electromagnetically Induced Transparency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electromagnetically_Induced_Transparency?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="108855" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping">Coherent Population Trapping</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="108855" type="text/json">{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=15388682]'), work: {"id":15388682,"title":"Quantitative study of the destructive quantum-interference effect on coherent population trapping","created_at":"2015-09-04T05:32:46.318-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/15388682/Quantitative_study_of_the_destructive_quantum_interference_effect_on_coherent_population_trapping?f_ri=108855","dom_id":"work_15388682","summary":"We investigate experimentally and theoretically the coherent population trapping ͑CPT͒ effect occurring in 87 Rb D 1 line due to the interaction with linearly polarized laser light ͑linʈ lin CPT͒. In this configuration, the coherence is strongly influenced by the structure of the excited state; consequently, the quantum interference between dark states is an essential feature of this interaction scheme. We study the linʈ lin CPT resonance as a function of the laser optical detuning. The comparison between experimental and theoretical results allows us to quantify the contribution from different dark states to the total signal. Based on these results, we investigate the signal depending on both the pressure broadening of the optical transition and the laser linewidth, and we find in which conditions the laser linewidth does not degrade the linʈ lin CPT resonance.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43236459,"asset_id":15388682,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":34536752,"first_name":"G.","last_name":"Mileti","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GMileti","display_name":"G. Mileti","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GMileti?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":49797405,"first_name":"R.","last_name":"Lammegger","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RLammegger","display_name":"R. Lammegger","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RLammegger?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1430,"name":"Laser Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laser_Spectroscopy?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":80414,"name":"Mathematical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":93654,"name":"Electromagnetically Induced Transparency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electromagnetically_Induced_Transparency?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=108855"},{"id":260118,"name":"CHEMICAL SCIENCES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CHEMICAL_SCIENCES?f_ri=108855"},{"id":357230,"name":"Quantum Interference","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Interference?f_ri=108855"},{"id":393410,"name":"Excited states","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Excited_states?f_ri=108855"},{"id":1311314,"name":"Hyperfine Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hyperfine_Structure?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_18450667 coauthored" data-work_id="18450667" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/18450667/Polarization_dependent_sensitivity_of_level_crossing_coherent_population_trapping_resonances_to_stray_magnetic_fields">Polarization-dependent sensitivity of level-crossing, coherent-population-trapping resonances to stray magnetic fields</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Coherent-population-trapping resonances within the degenerate two-level system of the F =2→ FЈ = 1 transition of the 87 Rb D 1 line were investigated in an uncoated Rb vapor cell by means of level-crossing-type experiments. Tuning over... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_18450667" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Coherent-population-trapping resonances within the degenerate two-level system of the F =2→ FЈ = 1 transition of the 87 Rb D 1 line were investigated in an uncoated Rb vapor cell by means of level-crossing-type experiments. Tuning over the two-photon resonance is achieved sweeping a magnetic field around zero value. The influence of transverse magnetic fields on the amplitude and the width of the resonances, recorded in fluorescence and absorption, were investigated in the cases of excitation with linear, circular, and elliptical laser light polarization. A theoretical analysis was performed for the case of linearly polarized excitation, the results of which are in good agreement with the experiment.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/18450667" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a839c5739c298a188299844d167de4d3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":40070290,"asset_id":18450667,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40070290/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="38748231" href="https://bas.academia.edu/SankaGateva">Sanka Gateva</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="38748231" type="text/json">{"id":38748231,"first_name":"Sanka","last_name":"Gateva","domain_name":"bas","page_name":"SankaGateva","display_name":"Sanka Gateva","profile_url":"https://bas.academia.edu/SankaGateva?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-18450667">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-18450667"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/LWindholz">L. Windholz</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://bas.academia.edu/GeorgyTodorov">Georgy Todorov</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-18450667'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-18450667').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_18450667 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="18450667"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 18450667, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_18450667", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_18450667 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18450667; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_18450667"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_18450667 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="18450667"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18450667; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18450667]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_18450667").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_18450667").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="18450667"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="305" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics">Applied Mathematics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="305" type="text/json">{"id":305,"name":"Applied Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="34754" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetic_field">Magnetic field</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="34754" type="text/json">{"id":34754,"name":"Magnetic field","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetic_field?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="108855" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping">Coherent Population Trapping</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="108855" type="text/json">{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="184965" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theoretical_Analysis">Theoretical Analysis</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="184965" type="text/json">{"id":184965,"name":"Theoretical Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theoretical_Analysis?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=18450667]'), work: {"id":18450667,"title":"Polarization-dependent sensitivity of level-crossing, coherent-population-trapping resonances to stray magnetic fields","created_at":"2015-11-16T08:32:02.812-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/18450667/Polarization_dependent_sensitivity_of_level_crossing_coherent_population_trapping_resonances_to_stray_magnetic_fields?f_ri=108855","dom_id":"work_18450667","summary":"Coherent-population-trapping resonances within the degenerate two-level system of the F =2→ FЈ = 1 transition of the 87 Rb D 1 line were investigated in an uncoated Rb vapor cell by means of level-crossing-type experiments. Tuning over the two-photon resonance is achieved sweeping a magnetic field around zero value. The influence of transverse magnetic fields on the amplitude and the width of the resonances, recorded in fluorescence and absorption, were investigated in the cases of excitation with linear, circular, and elliptical laser light polarization. A theoretical analysis was performed for the case of linearly polarized excitation, the results of which are in good agreement with the experiment.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":40070290,"asset_id":18450667,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":38748231,"first_name":"Sanka","last_name":"Gateva","domain_name":"bas","page_name":"SankaGateva","display_name":"Sanka Gateva","profile_url":"https://bas.academia.edu/SankaGateva?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":38458778,"first_name":"L.","last_name":"Windholz","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LWindholz","display_name":"L. Windholz","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LWindholz?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":38612867,"first_name":"Georgy","last_name":"Todorov","domain_name":"bas","page_name":"GeorgyTodorov","display_name":"Georgy Todorov","profile_url":"https://bas.academia.edu/GeorgyTodorov?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":305,"name":"Applied Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":34754,"name":"Magnetic field","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetic_field?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":184965,"name":"Theoretical Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theoretical_Analysis?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":263152,"name":"Optical physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_physics?f_ri=108855"},{"id":436755,"name":"Degeneration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Degeneration?f_ri=108855"},{"id":1237788,"name":"Electrical And Electronic Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_And_Electronic_Engineering?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_17104170" data-work_id="17104170" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17104170/Observation_of_Raman_and_8211_Ramsey_Fringes_With_Optical_CPT_Pulses">Observation of Raman&#8211;Ramsey Fringes With Optical CPT Pulses</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Ramsey method has been applied by means of optical coherent population trapping (CPT) pulses through a cesium vapor cell with N2 buffer gas at room temperature, using two phase-locked lasers. With this method, CPT resonance spectral... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_17104170" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Ramsey method has been applied by means of optical coherent population trapping (CPT) pulses through a cesium vapor cell with N2 buffer gas at room temperature, using two phase-locked lasers. With this method, CPT resonance spectral widths are no longer limited by optical saturation and collision effects, but only depend on free evolution time between the two pulses. A</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/17104170" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5e69620faab6ef540474b4ab7bf05593" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42320968,"asset_id":17104170,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42320968/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="36674480" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SGuerandel">Stephane Guerandel</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="36674480" type="text/json">{"id":36674480,"first_name":"Stephane","last_name":"Guerandel","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SGuerandel","display_name":"Stephane Guerandel","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SGuerandel?f_ri=108855","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/36674480/10502657/11719248/s65_s..guerandel.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_17104170 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="17104170"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17104170, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_17104170", }); 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With this method, CPT resonance spectral widths are no longer limited by optical saturation and collision effects, but only depend on free evolution time between the two pulses. A","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42320968,"asset_id":17104170,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":36674480,"first_name":"Stephane","last_name":"Guerandel","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SGuerandel","display_name":"Stephane Guerandel","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SGuerandel?f_ri=108855","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/36674480/10502657/11719248/s65_s..guerandel.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":274476,"name":"Phase Locking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phase_Locking?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":391252,"name":"Room Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Room_Temperature?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":1237788,"name":"Electrical And Electronic Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_And_Electronic_Engineering?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_27167537" data-work_id="27167537" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27167537/Recent_Advances_in_Subrecoil_Laser_Cooling">Recent Advances in Subrecoil Laser Cooling</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/27167537" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="255e283be441c96dc686c52ec7f7d696" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47415520,"asset_id":27167537,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47415520/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33413901" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BigelowN">N. 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Unexpectedly large transparencies (of up to 70%) were observed under very... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_74646307" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Electromagnetically induced transparency and coherent population trapping were observed in a hot (1000 K) calcium vapor embedded into an electrical gas discharge. Unexpectedly large transparencies (of up to 70%) were observed under very unfavorable conditions: probe wavelength shorter than the coupling wavelength, and coupling Rabi frequency significantly smaller than the residual Doppler linewidth of the two photon transition. We developed</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/74646307" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="091b28691e3b64a22189fb5dfe93bdf4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":82724252,"asset_id":74646307,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82724252/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1051793" href="https://ucp.academia.edu/LuisAraujo">Luis Araujo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1051793" type="text/json">{"id":1051793,"first_name":"Luis","last_name":"Araujo","domain_name":"ucp","page_name":"LuisAraujo","display_name":"Luis Araujo","profile_url":"https://ucp.academia.edu/LuisAraujo?f_ri=108855","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1051793/362566/32506574/s65_luis.araujo.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_74646307 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="74646307"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 74646307, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_74646307", }); 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Unexpectedly large transparencies (of up to 70%) were observed under very unfavorable conditions: probe wavelength shorter than the coupling wavelength, and coupling Rabi frequency significantly smaller than the residual Doppler linewidth of the two photon transition. We developed","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":82724252,"asset_id":74646307,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1051793,"first_name":"Luis","last_name":"Araujo","domain_name":"ucp","page_name":"LuisAraujo","display_name":"Luis Araujo","profile_url":"https://ucp.academia.edu/LuisAraujo?f_ri=108855","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1051793/362566/32506574/s65_luis.araujo.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":300,"name":"Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":498,"name":"Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":518,"name":"Quantum Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":93654,"name":"Electromagnetically Induced Transparency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electromagnetically_Induced_Transparency?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855"},{"id":962638,"name":"High Sensitivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Sensitivity?f_ri=108855"},{"id":1154248,"name":"Theoretical Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theoretical_Model?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_42528015" data-work_id="42528015" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/42528015/Coherent_population_trapping_and_strong_electromagnetically_induced_transparency_resonances_on_the_D1_line_of_potassium">Coherent population trapping and strong electromagnetically induced transparency resonances on the D1 line of potassium</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42528015" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="30e6ba1d9ce9d46dacd4e4966c870b5e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62813718,"asset_id":42528015,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62813718/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="151409485" rel="nofollow" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LucaMarmugi">Luca Marmugi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="151409485" type="text/json">{"id":151409485,"first_name":"Luca","last_name":"Marmugi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LucaMarmugi","display_name":"Luca Marmugi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LucaMarmugi?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42528015 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42528015"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42528015, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42528015", }); 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Fractional frequency... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_5178045" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A low-cost, potentially compact and robust microwave frequency reference can be constructed by use of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers and coherent population-trapping resonances in Cs vapor cells. Fractional frequency instabilities of 2 ϫ 10 Ϫ11 /ͱ/s have been achieved with a minimum of 7 ϫ 10 Ϫ13 at ϭ 1000 s. The performance of this device as a function of external parameters such as light intensity, optical detuning, and cell temperature is discussed. The dependence of the dark-line resonance signal on these parameters can be understood largely by means of a simple, three-level model. The short-term stability depends critically on the optical detuning, whereas the long-term stability is limited currently by line shifts due to drifts in cell temperature.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5178045" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4ac538e8e25f75cfbaf7235f417e7473" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32369159,"asset_id":5178045,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32369159/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7021097" href="https://independent.academia.edu/svenjaknappe">svenja knappe</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7021097" type="text/json">{"id":7021097,"first_name":"svenja","last_name":"knappe","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"svenjaknappe","display_name":"svenja knappe","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/svenjaknappe?f_ri=108855","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7021097/164612658/154428878/s65_svenja.knappe.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5178045 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5178045"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5178045, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5178045", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5178045]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_5178045").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_5178045").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="5178045"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="305" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics">Applied Mathematics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="305" type="text/json">{"id":305,"name":"Applied Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="108855" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping">Coherent Population Trapping</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="108855" type="text/json">{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="263152" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_physics">Optical physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="263152" type="text/json">{"id":263152,"name":"Optical physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1237788" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_And_Electronic_Engineering">Electrical And Electronic Engineering</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1237788" type="text/json">{"id":1237788,"name":"Electrical And Electronic Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_And_Electronic_Engineering?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=5178045]'), work: {"id":5178045,"title":"Characterization of coherent population-trapping resonances as atomic frequency references","created_at":"2013-11-21T13:04:02.821-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/5178045/Characterization_of_coherent_population_trapping_resonances_as_atomic_frequency_references?f_ri=108855","dom_id":"work_5178045","summary":"A low-cost, potentially compact and robust microwave frequency reference can be constructed by use of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers and coherent population-trapping resonances in Cs vapor cells. Fractional frequency instabilities of 2 ϫ 10 Ϫ11 /ͱ/s have been achieved with a minimum of 7 ϫ 10 Ϫ13 at ϭ 1000 s. The performance of this device as a function of external parameters such as light intensity, optical detuning, and cell temperature is discussed. The dependence of the dark-line resonance signal on these parameters can be understood largely by means of a simple, three-level model. The short-term stability depends critically on the optical detuning, whereas the long-term stability is limited currently by line shifts due to drifts in cell temperature.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32369159,"asset_id":5178045,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7021097,"first_name":"svenja","last_name":"knappe","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"svenjaknappe","display_name":"svenja knappe","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/svenjaknappe?f_ri=108855","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7021097/164612658/154428878/s65_svenja.knappe.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":305,"name":"Applied Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":263152,"name":"Optical physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":1237788,"name":"Electrical And Electronic Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_And_Electronic_Engineering?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12604215" data-work_id="12604215" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12604215/Modulation_induced_frequency_shifts_in_a_coherent_population_trapping_based_atomic_clock">Modulation-induced frequency shifts in a coherent-population-trapping-based atomic clock</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We investigate systematic errors associated with a common modulation technique used for phase sensitive detection of a coherent population trapping (CPT) resonance. In particular, we show that modification of the CPT resonance lineshape... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12604215" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We investigate systematic errors associated with a common modulation technique used for phase sensitive detection of a coherent population trapping (CPT) resonance. In particular, we show that modification of the CPT resonance lineshape due to the presence of off-resonant fields leads to frequency shifts which may limit the stability of CPT-based atomic clocks. We also demonstrate that an alternative demodulation technique greatly reduces these effects.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12604215" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="27ed3c8c5770f2a65c53bbbc99399dbe" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46055943,"asset_id":12604215,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46055943/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31547913" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RonaldWalsworth">Ronald Walsworth</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31547913" type="text/json">{"id":31547913,"first_name":"Ronald","last_name":"Walsworth","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RonaldWalsworth","display_name":"Ronald Walsworth","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RonaldWalsworth?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12604215 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12604215"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12604215, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12604215", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_12604215 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12604215; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_12604215"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_12604215 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="12604215"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12604215; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12604215]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_12604215").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_12604215").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12604215"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="305" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics">Applied Mathematics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="305" type="text/json">{"id":305,"name":"Applied Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="108855" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping">Coherent Population Trapping</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="108855" type="text/json">{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="263152" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_physics">Optical physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="263152" type="text/json">{"id":263152,"name":"Optical physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1237788" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_And_Electronic_Engineering">Electrical And Electronic Engineering</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1237788" type="text/json">{"id":1237788,"name":"Electrical And Electronic Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_And_Electronic_Engineering?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12604215]'), work: {"id":12604215,"title":"Modulation-induced frequency shifts in a coherent-population-trapping-based atomic clock","created_at":"2015-05-26T05:06:28.754-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/12604215/Modulation_induced_frequency_shifts_in_a_coherent_population_trapping_based_atomic_clock?f_ri=108855","dom_id":"work_12604215","summary":"We investigate systematic errors associated with a common modulation technique used for phase sensitive detection of a coherent population trapping (CPT) resonance. In particular, we show that modification of the CPT resonance lineshape due to the presence of off-resonant fields leads to frequency shifts which may limit the stability of CPT-based atomic clocks. We also demonstrate that an alternative demodulation technique greatly reduces these effects.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46055943,"asset_id":12604215,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":31547913,"first_name":"Ronald","last_name":"Walsworth","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RonaldWalsworth","display_name":"Ronald Walsworth","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RonaldWalsworth?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":305,"name":"Applied Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":263152,"name":"Optical physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":1237788,"name":"Electrical And Electronic Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_And_Electronic_Engineering?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":1536161,"name":"Atomic clock","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atomic_clock?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_31997940" data-work_id="31997940" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31997940/Coherent_population_trapping_of_single_spins_in_diamond_under_optical_excitation">Coherent population trapping of single spins in diamond under optical excitation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Coherent population trapping is demonstrated in single nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond under optical excitation. For sufficient excitation power, the fluorescence intensity drops almost to the background level when the laser... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_31997940" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Coherent population trapping is demonstrated in single nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond under optical excitation. For sufficient excitation power, the fluorescence intensity drops almost to the background level when the laser modulation frequency matches the 2.88 GHz splitting of the ground states. The results are well described theoretically by a four-level model, allowing the relative transition strengths to be determined for individual centers. The results show that all-optical control of single spins is possible in diamond.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/31997940" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8fb145c71cd47e632876178efe46c882" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":52266538,"asset_id":31997940,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/52266538/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="61948830" href="https://rmit.academia.edu/AndrewGreentree">Andrew Greentree</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="61948830" type="text/json">{"id":61948830,"first_name":"Andrew","last_name":"Greentree","domain_name":"rmit","page_name":"AndrewGreentree","display_name":"Andrew Greentree","profile_url":"https://rmit.academia.edu/AndrewGreentree?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_31997940 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="31997940"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 31997940, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_31997940", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=31997940]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_31997940").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_31997940").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="31997940"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2640" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Information">Quantum Information</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2640" type="text/json">{"id":2640,"name":"Quantum Information","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Information?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="93654" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electromagnetically_Induced_Transparency">Electromagnetically Induced Transparency</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="93654" type="text/json">{"id":93654,"name":"Electromagnetically Induced Transparency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electromagnetically_Induced_Transparency?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="108855" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping">Coherent Population Trapping</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="108855" type="text/json">{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="118582" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences">Physical sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="118582" type="text/json">{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=31997940]'), work: {"id":31997940,"title":"Coherent population trapping of single spins in diamond under optical excitation","created_at":"2017-03-22T22:02:10.303-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/31997940/Coherent_population_trapping_of_single_spins_in_diamond_under_optical_excitation?f_ri=108855","dom_id":"work_31997940","summary":"Coherent population trapping is demonstrated in single nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond under optical excitation. For sufficient excitation power, the fluorescence intensity drops almost to the background level when the laser modulation frequency matches the 2.88 GHz splitting of the ground states. The results are well described theoretically by a four-level model, allowing the relative transition strengths to be determined for individual centers. The results show that all-optical control of single spins is possible in diamond.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":52266538,"asset_id":31997940,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":61948830,"first_name":"Andrew","last_name":"Greentree","domain_name":"rmit","page_name":"AndrewGreentree","display_name":"Andrew Greentree","profile_url":"https://rmit.academia.edu/AndrewGreentree?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2640,"name":"Quantum Information","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Information?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":93654,"name":"Electromagnetically Induced Transparency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electromagnetically_Induced_Transparency?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":151091,"name":"Nitrogen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nitrogen?f_ri=108855"},{"id":371541,"name":"Type System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Type_System?f_ri=108855"},{"id":393410,"name":"Excited states","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Excited_states?f_ri=108855"},{"id":1237922,"name":"Energy Levels","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Levels?f_ri=108855"},{"id":2213938,"name":"Spin Polarization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spin_Polarization-1?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_25689942 coauthored" data-work_id="25689942" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/25689942/Microfabricated_Atomic_Clocks_at_Nist">Microfabricated Atomic Clocks at Nist</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper presents the latest progress in the development, fabrication, and characterization of microfabricated atomic frequency references at NIST. With volumes below 10 mm 3 the physics packages contain the complete integrated assembly... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_25689942" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper presents the latest progress in the development, fabrication, and characterization of microfabricated atomic frequency references at NIST. With volumes below 10 mm 3 the physics packages contain the complete integrated assembly for probing the ground-state hyperfine splitting frequency of the alkali atoms by coherent population trapping (CPT). This technique allows for a simple and compact device containing a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL), optics to shape the laser beam, a vapor cell containing the atoms, and a detector. We present an improved technique for microfabricating the miniature alkali vapor cells. When integrated into a CPT clock, a clear reduction of long-term frequency drifts is observed. This leads to a fractional frequency instability of less than 10-11 at one hour of integration, a more than one order of magnitude improvement over previous results. We identify the remaining sensitivities of the clock frequency to environmental influences an...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/25689942" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b167101af2885a391b980d8c775a3c98" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46031650,"asset_id":25689942,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46031650/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="49366518" href="https://nist.academia.edu/LianneLiew">Li-anne Liew</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="49366518" type="text/json">{"id":49366518,"first_name":"Li-anne","last_name":"Liew","domain_name":"nist","page_name":"LianneLiew","display_name":"Li-anne Liew","profile_url":"https://nist.academia.edu/LianneLiew?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-25689942">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-25689942"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/JKitching1">J. Kitching</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-25689942'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-25689942').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_25689942 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="25689942"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 25689942, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_25689942", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_25689942 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 25689942; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_25689942"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_25689942 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="25689942"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 25689942; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=25689942]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_25689942").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_25689942").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="25689942"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="516" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optics">Optics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="516" type="text/json">{"id":516,"name":"Optics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="108855" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping">Coherent Population Trapping</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="108855" type="text/json">{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="120859" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vertical_Cavity_Surface_Emitting_Laser">Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="120859" type="text/json">{"id":120859,"name":"Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vertical_Cavity_Surface_Emitting_Laser?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1311314" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hyperfine_Structure">Hyperfine Structure</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1311314" type="text/json">{"id":1311314,"name":"Hyperfine Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hyperfine_Structure?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=25689942]'), work: {"id":25689942,"title":"Microfabricated Atomic Clocks at Nist","created_at":"2016-05-28T19:34:24.900-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/25689942/Microfabricated_Atomic_Clocks_at_Nist?f_ri=108855","dom_id":"work_25689942","summary":"This paper presents the latest progress in the development, fabrication, and characterization of microfabricated atomic frequency references at NIST. With volumes below 10 mm 3 the physics packages contain the complete integrated assembly for probing the ground-state hyperfine splitting frequency of the alkali atoms by coherent population trapping (CPT). This technique allows for a simple and compact device containing a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL), optics to shape the laser beam, a vapor cell containing the atoms, and a detector. We present an improved technique for microfabricating the miniature alkali vapor cells. When integrated into a CPT clock, a clear reduction of long-term frequency drifts is observed. This leads to a fractional frequency instability of less than 10-11 at one hour of integration, a more than one order of magnitude improvement over previous results. We identify the remaining sensitivities of the clock frequency to environmental influences an...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46031650,"asset_id":25689942,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":49366518,"first_name":"Li-anne","last_name":"Liew","domain_name":"nist","page_name":"LianneLiew","display_name":"Li-anne Liew","profile_url":"https://nist.academia.edu/LianneLiew?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":50175868,"first_name":"J.","last_name":"Kitching","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JKitching1","display_name":"J. Kitching","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JKitching1?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":516,"name":"Optics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":120859,"name":"Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vertical_Cavity_Surface_Emitting_Laser?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":1311314,"name":"Hyperfine Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hyperfine_Structure?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34414134" data-work_id="34414134" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34414134/On_the_use_of_intensity_optical_pumping_and_coherent_population_trapping_techniques_in_the_implementation_of_atomic_frequency_standards">On the use of intensity optical pumping and coherent population trapping techniques in the implementation of atomic frequency standards</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The paper summarizes the relative advantages and disadvantages of coherent population trapping (CPT) or intensity optical pumping (IOP) for the implementation of a passive atomic frequency standard using the isotope 87 Rb. This paper... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34414134" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The paper summarizes the relative advantages and disadvantages of coherent population trapping (CPT) or intensity optical pumping (IOP) for the implementation of a passive atomic frequency standard using the isotope 87 Rb. This paper outlines the basic principles common to both CPT and IOP when using laser optical pumping, and makes explicit their similarities and their differences. This paper describes experimental results obtained in the same cell on the characteristics of the CPT and IOP 87 Rb-hyperfine-resonance line. The measurements showed that the signal contrast is larger in CPT than in IOP for the same resulting line width; the light shift is smaller in CPT than in IOP, and is easier to control; in principle, a passive frequency standard based on CPT has a smaller size than that based on IOP, due to the absence of a microwave cavity. Conclusions on overall expectations for the future of such frequency standards are drawn.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34414134" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cbf4769808c1727f52fe60a68c5c18f8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54293685,"asset_id":34414134,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54293685/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2841354" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DanielJanssen">Daniel Janssen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2841354" type="text/json">{"id":2841354,"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Janssen","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DanielJanssen","display_name":"Daniel Janssen","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DanielJanssen?f_ri=108855","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2841354/932394/1167556/s65_daniel.janssen.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34414134 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34414134"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34414134, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34414134", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34414134]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34414134").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34414134").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34414134"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25600" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stability">Stability</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="25600" type="text/json">{"id":25600,"name":"Stability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stability?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="83087" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Isotopes">Isotopes</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="83087" type="text/json">{"id":83087,"name":"Isotopes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Isotopes?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="108855" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping">Coherent Population Trapping</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="108855" type="text/json">{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="761969" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_Pumping">Optical Pumping</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="761969" type="text/json">{"id":761969,"name":"Optical Pumping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_Pumping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34414134]'), work: {"id":34414134,"title":"On the use of intensity optical pumping and coherent population trapping techniques in the implementation of atomic frequency standards","created_at":"2017-08-30T13:20:26.612-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34414134/On_the_use_of_intensity_optical_pumping_and_coherent_population_trapping_techniques_in_the_implementation_of_atomic_frequency_standards?f_ri=108855","dom_id":"work_34414134","summary":"The paper summarizes the relative advantages and disadvantages of coherent population trapping (CPT) or intensity optical pumping (IOP) for the implementation of a passive atomic frequency standard using the isotope 87 Rb. This paper outlines the basic principles common to both CPT and IOP when using laser optical pumping, and makes explicit their similarities and their differences. This paper describes experimental results obtained in the same cell on the characteristics of the CPT and IOP 87 Rb-hyperfine-resonance line. The measurements showed that the signal contrast is larger in CPT than in IOP for the same resulting line width; the light shift is smaller in CPT than in IOP, and is easier to control; in principle, a passive frequency standard based on CPT has a smaller size than that based on IOP, due to the absence of a microwave cavity. Conclusions on overall expectations for the future of such frequency standards are drawn.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54293685,"asset_id":34414134,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2841354,"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Janssen","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DanielJanssen","display_name":"Daniel Janssen","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DanielJanssen?f_ri=108855","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2841354/932394/1167556/s65_daniel.janssen.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":25600,"name":"Stability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stability?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":83087,"name":"Isotopes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Isotopes?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":761969,"name":"Optical Pumping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_Pumping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":1237788,"name":"Electrical And Electronic Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_And_Electronic_Engineering?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_32956111" data-work_id="32956111" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/32956111/Coherent_population_trapping_resonances_in_Cs_Ne_vapor_microcells_for_miniature_clocks_applications">Coherent population trapping resonances in Cs–Ne vapor microcells for miniature clocks applications</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We report the characterization of dark line resonances observed in Cs vapor microcells filled with a unique neon ͑Ne͒ buffer gas. The impact on the coherent population trapping ͑CPT͒ resonance of some critical external parameters such as... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_32956111" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We report the characterization of dark line resonances observed in Cs vapor microcells filled with a unique neon ͑Ne͒ buffer gas. The impact on the coherent population trapping ͑CPT͒ resonance of some critical external parameters such as laser intensity, cell temperature, and microwave power is studied. We show the suppression of the first-order light shift by proper choice of the microwave power. The temperature dependence of the Cs ground state hyperfine resonance frequency is shown to be canceled in the 77-80°C range for various Ne buffer gas pressures. The necessity to adjust the Ne buffer gas pressure or the cell dimensions to optimize the CPT signal height at the frequency inversion temperature is pointed out. Based on such Cs-Ne microcells, we preliminary demonstrate a 852 nm vertical cavity surface emitted laser ͑VCSEL͒-modulated based CPT atomic clock exhibiting a short term fractional frequency instability y ͑͒ = 1.5ϫ 10 −10 −1/2 until 30 s. These results, similar to those published in the literature by others groups, prove the potential of our original microcell technology in view of the development of high-performance chip scale atomic clocks.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/32956111" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0b21ab582a5d2b5ddfb483b05c35a29f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53083641,"asset_id":32956111,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53083641/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="45770647" href="https://unisi.academia.edu/EmilioMariotti">Emilio Mariotti</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="45770647" type="text/json">{"id":45770647,"first_name":"Emilio","last_name":"Mariotti","domain_name":"unisi","page_name":"EmilioMariotti","display_name":"Emilio Mariotti","profile_url":"https://unisi.academia.edu/EmilioMariotti?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_32956111 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="32956111"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 32956111, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_32956111", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=32956111]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_32956111").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_32956111").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="32956111"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9138" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Physics">Applied Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9138" type="text/json">{"id":9138,"name":"Applied Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="80414" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences">Mathematical Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="80414" type="text/json">{"id":80414,"name":"Mathematical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="108855" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping">Coherent Population Trapping</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="108855" type="text/json">{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=32956111]'), work: {"id":32956111,"title":"Coherent population trapping resonances in Cs–Ne vapor microcells for miniature clocks applications","created_at":"2017-05-11T05:33:38.265-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/32956111/Coherent_population_trapping_resonances_in_Cs_Ne_vapor_microcells_for_miniature_clocks_applications?f_ri=108855","dom_id":"work_32956111","summary":"We report the characterization of dark line resonances observed in Cs vapor microcells filled with a unique neon ͑Ne͒ buffer gas. The impact on the coherent population trapping ͑CPT͒ resonance of some critical external parameters such as laser intensity, cell temperature, and microwave power is studied. We show the suppression of the first-order light shift by proper choice of the microwave power. The temperature dependence of the Cs ground state hyperfine resonance frequency is shown to be canceled in the 77-80°C range for various Ne buffer gas pressures. The necessity to adjust the Ne buffer gas pressure or the cell dimensions to optimize the CPT signal height at the frequency inversion temperature is pointed out. Based on such Cs-Ne microcells, we preliminary demonstrate a 852 nm vertical cavity surface emitted laser ͑VCSEL͒-modulated based CPT atomic clock exhibiting a short term fractional frequency instability y ͑͒ = 1.5ϫ 10 −10 −1/2 until 30 s. These results, similar to those published in the literature by others groups, prove the potential of our original microcell technology in view of the development of high-performance chip scale atomic clocks.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53083641,"asset_id":32956111,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":45770647,"first_name":"Emilio","last_name":"Mariotti","domain_name":"unisi","page_name":"EmilioMariotti","display_name":"Emilio Mariotti","profile_url":"https://unisi.academia.edu/EmilioMariotti?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":9138,"name":"Applied Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":80414,"name":"Mathematical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=108855"},{"id":120859,"name":"Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vertical_Cavity_Surface_Emitting_Laser?f_ri=108855"},{"id":181847,"name":"First-Order Logic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/First-Order_Logic?f_ri=108855"},{"id":247487,"name":"Temperature Dependence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temperature_Dependence?f_ri=108855"},{"id":297691,"name":"High performance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_performance?f_ri=108855"},{"id":405178,"name":"First Order Logic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/First_Order_Logic?f_ri=108855"},{"id":1013759,"name":"Laser Cooling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laser_Cooling?f_ri=108855"},{"id":1536161,"name":"Atomic clock","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atomic_clock?f_ri=108855"},{"id":2168952,"name":"Resonant Frequency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Resonant_Frequency?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9172216" data-work_id="9172216" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9172216/Cesium_coherent_population_trapping_magnetometer_for_cardiosignal_detection_in_an_unshielded_environment">Cesium coherent population trapping magnetometer for cardiosignal detection in an unshielded environment</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We present first, encouraging results obtained with an experimental apparatus based on Coherent Population Trapping and aimed at detecting biological (cardiac) magnetic field in magnetically compensated, but unshielded volume. The work... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9172216" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We present first, encouraging results obtained with an experimental apparatus based on Coherent Population Trapping and aimed at detecting biological (cardiac) magnetic field in magnetically compensated, but unshielded volume. The work includes magnetic-field and magnetic-field-gradient compensation and uses differential detection for cancellation of (common mode) magnetic noise. Synchronous data acquisition with a reference (electro-cardiographic or pulse-oximetric) signal allows for improving the S/N in an off-line averaging. The set-up has the relevant advantages of working at room temperature with a small-size head, and of allowing for fast adjustments of the dc bias magnetic field, which results in making the sensor suitable for detecting the bio-magnetic signal at any orientation with respect to the heart axis and in any position around the patient chest, which is not the case with other kinds of magnetometers.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9172216" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4f5dce70a6e15ad7bc411c97b2ec0d56" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47862518,"asset_id":9172216,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47862518/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="20949728" href="https://unisi.academia.edu/GiuseppeBevilacqua">Giuseppe Bevilacqua</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="20949728" type="text/json">{"id":20949728,"first_name":"Giuseppe","last_name":"Bevilacqua","domain_name":"unisi","page_name":"GiuseppeBevilacqua","display_name":"Giuseppe Bevilacqua","profile_url":"https://unisi.academia.edu/GiuseppeBevilacqua?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9172216 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9172216"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9172216, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9172216", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_9172216 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9172216; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_9172216"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_9172216 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9172216"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9172216; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9172216]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9172216").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9172216").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9172216"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="305" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics">Applied Mathematics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="305" type="text/json">{"id":305,"name":"Applied Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="108855" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping">Coherent Population Trapping</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="108855" type="text/json">{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="263152" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_physics">Optical physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="263152" type="text/json">{"id":263152,"name":"Optical physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1237788" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_And_Electronic_Engineering">Electrical And Electronic Engineering</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1237788" type="text/json">{"id":1237788,"name":"Electrical And Electronic Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_And_Electronic_Engineering?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9172216]'), work: {"id":9172216,"title":"Cesium coherent population trapping magnetometer for cardiosignal detection in an unshielded environment","created_at":"2014-11-06T21:36:11.587-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9172216/Cesium_coherent_population_trapping_magnetometer_for_cardiosignal_detection_in_an_unshielded_environment?f_ri=108855","dom_id":"work_9172216","summary":"We present first, encouraging results obtained with an experimental apparatus based on Coherent Population Trapping and aimed at detecting biological (cardiac) magnetic field in magnetically compensated, but unshielded volume. The work includes magnetic-field and magnetic-field-gradient compensation and uses differential detection for cancellation of (common mode) magnetic noise. Synchronous data acquisition with a reference (electro-cardiographic or pulse-oximetric) signal allows for improving the S/N in an off-line averaging. The set-up has the relevant advantages of working at room temperature with a small-size head, and of allowing for fast adjustments of the dc bias magnetic field, which results in making the sensor suitable for detecting the bio-magnetic signal at any orientation with respect to the heart axis and in any position around the patient chest, which is not the case with other kinds of magnetometers.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47862518,"asset_id":9172216,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":20949728,"first_name":"Giuseppe","last_name":"Bevilacqua","domain_name":"unisi","page_name":"GiuseppeBevilacqua","display_name":"Giuseppe Bevilacqua","profile_url":"https://unisi.academia.edu/GiuseppeBevilacqua?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":305,"name":"Applied Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":263152,"name":"Optical physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":1237788,"name":"Electrical And Electronic Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_And_Electronic_Engineering?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9172211" data-work_id="9172211" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9172211/Coherent_Population_Trapping_Spectra_in_Presence_of_ac_Magnetic_Fields">Coherent Population Trapping Spectra in Presence of ac Magnetic Fields</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Experimental and theoretical investigations are reported on the effects induced by an alternating magnetic field on coherent population trapping resonances. We show that the ac magnetic field produces sidebands of these resonances in such... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9172211" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Experimental and theoretical investigations are reported on the effects induced by an alternating magnetic field on coherent population trapping resonances. We show that the ac magnetic field produces sidebands of these resonances in such a way that the spectrum observed is similar to those observed via the FM spectroscopic technique. Because of the very narrow linewidth of the resonances, sidebands are resolved even for ac field frequencies as low as a fraction of a kHz. The theoretical model developed, which takes into account a very simple atomic structure, fits the experimental data quite well.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9172211" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f45861463fbf9cf811169533f2677a1b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47862497,"asset_id":9172211,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47862497/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="20949728" href="https://unisi.academia.edu/GiuseppeBevilacqua">Giuseppe Bevilacqua</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="20949728" type="text/json">{"id":20949728,"first_name":"Giuseppe","last_name":"Bevilacqua","domain_name":"unisi","page_name":"GiuseppeBevilacqua","display_name":"Giuseppe Bevilacqua","profile_url":"https://unisi.academia.edu/GiuseppeBevilacqua?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9172211 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9172211"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9172211, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9172211", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9172211]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9172211").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9172211").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9172211"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="34754" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetic_field">Magnetic field</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="34754" type="text/json">{"id":34754,"name":"Magnetic field","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetic_field?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="93654" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electromagnetically_Induced_Transparency">Electromagnetically Induced Transparency</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="93654" type="text/json">{"id":93654,"name":"Electromagnetically Induced Transparency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electromagnetically_Induced_Transparency?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="108855" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping">Coherent Population Trapping</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="108855" type="text/json">{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="118582" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences">Physical sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="118582" type="text/json">{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9172211]'), work: {"id":9172211,"title":"Coherent Population Trapping Spectra in Presence of ac Magnetic Fields","created_at":"2014-11-06T21:36:10.999-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9172211/Coherent_Population_Trapping_Spectra_in_Presence_of_ac_Magnetic_Fields?f_ri=108855","dom_id":"work_9172211","summary":"Experimental and theoretical investigations are reported on the effects induced by an alternating magnetic field on coherent population trapping resonances. We show that the ac magnetic field produces sidebands of these resonances in such a way that the spectrum observed is similar to those observed via the FM spectroscopic technique. Because of the very narrow linewidth of the resonances, sidebands are resolved even for ac field frequencies as low as a fraction of a kHz. The theoretical model developed, which takes into account a very simple atomic structure, fits the experimental data quite well.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47862497,"asset_id":9172211,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":20949728,"first_name":"Giuseppe","last_name":"Bevilacqua","domain_name":"unisi","page_name":"GiuseppeBevilacqua","display_name":"Giuseppe Bevilacqua","profile_url":"https://unisi.academia.edu/GiuseppeBevilacqua?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":34754,"name":"Magnetic field","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetic_field?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":93654,"name":"Electromagnetically Induced Transparency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electromagnetically_Induced_Transparency?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":321836,"name":"Spectrum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spectrum?f_ri=108855"},{"id":735220,"name":"Atomic Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atomic_Structure?f_ri=108855"},{"id":952991,"name":"Spectroscopic Techniques","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spectroscopic_Techniques?f_ri=108855"},{"id":1120502,"name":"Experimental Data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Data?f_ri=108855"},{"id":1154248,"name":"Theoretical Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theoretical_Model?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9425368 coauthored" data-work_id="9425368" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9425368/Adiabatic_Population_Transfer_Based_on_a_Double_Stimulated_Raman_Adiabatic_Passage">Adiabatic Population Transfer Based on a Double Stimulated Raman Adiabatic Passage</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) is an adiabatic population-transfer technique that uses two coherent laser pulses in counter-intuitive order, namely, pump and stoke, to achieve complete transfer between two quantum states.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9425368" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) is an adiabatic population-transfer technique that uses two coherent laser pulses in counter-intuitive order, namely, pump and stoke, to achieve complete transfer between two quantum states. Here, we propose a double STIRAP scheme whereby the electronic levels of a four-level atom are coupled by three laser fields forming two pairs of stoke and pump pulses. We derive the optical Bloch equations through the master equation for studying the population dynamics. We show that manipulating the time between two STIRAP sequences provides the state transfer near unity. In particular, we show that there occurs a certain maximum transfer efficiency that can be achieved in the double STIRAP process.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9425368" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1b4c50758f42ac7315a09275c320b81e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36385298,"asset_id":9425368,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36385298/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4154058" href="https://ucl.academia.edu/MJavedAkram">M. Javed Akram</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4154058" type="text/json">{"id":4154058,"first_name":"M. Javed","last_name":"Akram","domain_name":"ucl","page_name":"MJavedAkram","display_name":"M. Javed Akram","profile_url":"https://ucl.academia.edu/MJavedAkram?f_ri=108855","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4154058/1618789/13170899/s65_m._javed.akram.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-9425368">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-9425368"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://qau.academia.edu/FarhanSaif">Farhan Saif</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-9425368'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-9425368').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9425368 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9425368"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9425368, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9425368", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_9425368 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9425368; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_9425368"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_9425368 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9425368"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9425368; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9425368]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9425368").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9425368").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9425368"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1992" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Optics">Quantum Optics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1992" type="text/json">{"id":1992,"name":"Quantum Optics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Optics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="108855" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping">Coherent Population Trapping</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="108855" type="text/json">{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1540857" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Master_Equation">Master Equation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1540857" type="text/json">{"id":1540857,"name":"Master Equation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Master_Equation?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1681430" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stimulated_Raman_adiabatic_passage">Stimulated Raman adiabatic passage</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1681430" type="text/json">{"id":1681430,"name":"Stimulated Raman adiabatic passage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stimulated_Raman_adiabatic_passage?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9425368]'), work: {"id":9425368,"title":"Adiabatic Population Transfer Based on a Double Stimulated Raman Adiabatic Passage","created_at":"2014-11-20T22:17:29.122-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9425368/Adiabatic_Population_Transfer_Based_on_a_Double_Stimulated_Raman_Adiabatic_Passage?f_ri=108855","dom_id":"work_9425368","summary":"Stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) is an adiabatic population-transfer technique that uses two coherent laser pulses in counter-intuitive order, namely, pump and stoke, to achieve complete transfer between two quantum states. Here, we propose a double STIRAP scheme whereby the electronic levels of a four-level atom are coupled by three laser fields forming two pairs of stoke and pump pulses. We derive the optical Bloch equations through the master equation for studying the population dynamics. We show that manipulating the time between two STIRAP sequences provides the state transfer near unity. In particular, we show that there occurs a certain maximum transfer efficiency that can be achieved in the double STIRAP process.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36385298,"asset_id":9425368,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4154058,"first_name":"M. Javed","last_name":"Akram","domain_name":"ucl","page_name":"MJavedAkram","display_name":"M. Javed Akram","profile_url":"https://ucl.academia.edu/MJavedAkram?f_ri=108855","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4154058/1618789/13170899/s65_m._javed.akram.jpg"},{"id":243432,"first_name":"Farhan","last_name":"Saif","domain_name":"qau","page_name":"FarhanSaif","display_name":"Farhan Saif","profile_url":"https://qau.academia.edu/FarhanSaif?f_ri=108855","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/243432/11559583/12891850/s65_farhan.saif.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1992,"name":"Quantum Optics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Optics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":1540857,"name":"Master Equation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Master_Equation?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":1681430,"name":"Stimulated Raman adiabatic passage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stimulated_Raman_adiabatic_passage?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":1681432,"name":"Dark State","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dark_State?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_73778323" data-work_id="73778323" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/73778323/Passive_atomic_frequency_standard_based_on_coherent_population_trapping_in_87_Rb_using_injection_locked_lasers">Passive atomic frequency standard based on coherent population trapping in 87 Rb using injection-locked lasers</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We present a microwave frequency standard based on coherent population trapping (CPT) in the 87 Rb D 1 line. The CPT spectrum is obtained using two Raman lasers with a 6.8 GHz frequency offset by injection locking of a master laser to a... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_73778323" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We present a microwave frequency standard based on coherent population trapping (CPT) in the 87 Rb D 1 line. The CPT spectrum is obtained using two Raman lasers with a 6.8 GHz frequency offset by injection locking of a master laser to a slave laser. We have constructed an atomic clock employing a 5 cm long Rb vapor cell confined with 6.67 kPa neon buffer gas at 70°C. Using this system, we improve the CPT contrast through the elimination of undesired off-resonant fields created by the direct modulation method. We measured the frequency shift of the CPT signal as a function of the temperature of the Rb cell and estimated it to be approximately 1.3ϫ 10 −9 / K. The frequency of a 10 MHz crystal oscillator has been stabilized to the CPT spectrum between the two ground states in 87 Rb. The relative frequency stability is approximately 2.3ϫ 10 −12 for an average time of 68 s.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/73778323" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="70e45494677c1f1efc9bcad67aa38d41" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":82166894,"asset_id":73778323,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82166894/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="137626470" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KimJungbog">Jungbog Kim</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="137626470" type="text/json">{"id":137626470,"first_name":"Jungbog","last_name":"Kim","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KimJungbog","display_name":"Jungbog Kim","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KimJungbog?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_73778323 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="73778323"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 73778323, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_73778323", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=73778323]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_73778323").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_73778323").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="73778323"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="305" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics">Applied Mathematics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="305" type="text/json">{"id":305,"name":"Applied Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="498" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics">Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="498" type="text/json">{"id":498,"name":"Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7936" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Mechanics">Quantum Mechanics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7936" type="text/json">{"id":7936,"name":"Quantum Mechanics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Mechanics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="62566" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semiconductor_Laser_Diodes">Semiconductor Laser Diodes</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="62566" type="text/json">{"id":62566,"name":"Semiconductor Laser Diodes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semiconductor_Laser_Diodes?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=73778323]'), work: {"id":73778323,"title":"Passive atomic frequency standard based on coherent population trapping in 87 Rb using injection-locked lasers","created_at":"2022-03-14T17:59:38.025-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/73778323/Passive_atomic_frequency_standard_based_on_coherent_population_trapping_in_87_Rb_using_injection_locked_lasers?f_ri=108855","dom_id":"work_73778323","summary":"We present a microwave frequency standard based on coherent population trapping (CPT) in the 87 Rb D 1 line. The CPT spectrum is obtained using two Raman lasers with a 6.8 GHz frequency offset by injection locking of a master laser to a slave laser. We have constructed an atomic clock employing a 5 cm long Rb vapor cell confined with 6.67 kPa neon buffer gas at 70°C. Using this system, we improve the CPT contrast through the elimination of undesired off-resonant fields created by the direct modulation method. We measured the frequency shift of the CPT signal as a function of the temperature of the Rb cell and estimated it to be approximately 1.3ϫ 10 −9 / K. The frequency of a 10 MHz crystal oscillator has been stabilized to the CPT spectrum between the two ground states in 87 Rb. The relative frequency stability is approximately 2.3ϫ 10 −12 for an average time of 68 s.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":82166894,"asset_id":73778323,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":137626470,"first_name":"Jungbog","last_name":"Kim","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KimJungbog","display_name":"Jungbog Kim","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KimJungbog?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":305,"name":"Applied Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":498,"name":"Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":7936,"name":"Quantum Mechanics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Mechanics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":62566,"name":"Semiconductor Laser Diodes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semiconductor_Laser_Diodes?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855"},{"id":161138,"name":"Frequency offset","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Frequency_offset?f_ri=108855"},{"id":174781,"name":"Oscillations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oscillations?f_ri=108855"},{"id":263152,"name":"Optical physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_physics?f_ri=108855"},{"id":321836,"name":"Spectrum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spectrum?f_ri=108855"},{"id":1237788,"name":"Electrical And Electronic Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_And_Electronic_Engineering?f_ri=108855"},{"id":1536161,"name":"Atomic clock","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atomic_clock?f_ri=108855"},{"id":2204795,"name":"Injection Locking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Injection_Locking?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_72915904" data-work_id="72915904" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/72915904/Sub_nanoscale_Resolution_for_Atom_Localization_Lithography_and_Microscopy_via_Coherent_Population_Trapping">Sub-nanoscale Resolution for Atom Localization, Lithography and Microscopy via Coherent Population Trapping</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We present a coherent population trapping based scheme to attain sub-nanoscale resolution for atom localization, microscopy and lithography. Our method uses three-level atoms coupled to amplitude modulated probe field and spatially... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_72915904" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We present a coherent population trapping based scheme to attain sub-nanoscale resolution for atom localization, microscopy and lithography. Our method uses three-level atoms coupled to amplitude modulated probe field and spatially dependent drive field. The modulation of the probe field allows us to tap into the steep dispersion normally associated with electromagnetically induced transparency and offers an avenue to attain sub-nanometer resolution using just optical fields. We illustrate application of the techniques to the area of microscopy and lithography and show how multilevel schemes offer the possibility of improving resolution further.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/72915904" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4cf4fa067cbb79cd5313daca47521bfc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":83897265,"asset_id":72915904,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83897265/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="195119992" href="https://wiu.academia.edu/KishorKapale">Kishor Kapale</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="195119992" type="text/json">{"id":195119992,"first_name":"Kishor","last_name":"Kapale","domain_name":"wiu","page_name":"KishorKapale","display_name":"Kishor Kapale","profile_url":"https://wiu.academia.edu/KishorKapale?f_ri=108855","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/195119992/57532666/45751989/s65_kishor.kapale.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_72915904 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="72915904"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 72915904, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_72915904", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=72915904]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_72915904").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_72915904").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="72915904"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="300" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics">Mathematics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="300" type="text/json">{"id":300,"name":"Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="498" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics">Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="498" type="text/json">{"id":498,"name":"Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="511" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science">Materials Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="511" type="text/json">{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="518" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Physics">Quantum Physics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="518" type="text/json">{"id":518,"name":"Quantum Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=72915904]'), work: {"id":72915904,"title":"Sub-nanoscale Resolution for Atom Localization, Lithography and Microscopy via Coherent Population Trapping","created_at":"2022-03-03T06:18:40.300-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/72915904/Sub_nanoscale_Resolution_for_Atom_Localization_Lithography_and_Microscopy_via_Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","dom_id":"work_72915904","summary":"We present a coherent population trapping based scheme to attain sub-nanoscale resolution for atom localization, microscopy and lithography. Our method uses three-level atoms coupled to amplitude modulated probe field and spatially dependent drive field. The modulation of the probe field allows us to tap into the steep dispersion normally associated with electromagnetically induced transparency and offers an avenue to attain sub-nanometer resolution using just optical fields. We illustrate application of the techniques to the area of microscopy and lithography and show how multilevel schemes offer the possibility of improving resolution further.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":83897265,"asset_id":72915904,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":195119992,"first_name":"Kishor","last_name":"Kapale","domain_name":"wiu","page_name":"KishorKapale","display_name":"Kishor Kapale","profile_url":"https://wiu.academia.edu/KishorKapale?f_ri=108855","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/195119992/57532666/45751989/s65_kishor.kapale.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":300,"name":"Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":498,"name":"Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":518,"name":"Quantum Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":93654,"name":"Electromagnetically Induced Transparency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electromagnetically_Induced_Transparency?f_ri=108855"},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855"},{"id":335375,"name":"Physical Optics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_Optics?f_ri=108855"},{"id":1243516,"name":"Spatial Dependence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Dependence?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_63301565" data-work_id="63301565" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/63301565/Exotic_quantum_dark_states">Exotic quantum dark states</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We extend studies of velocity selective coherent population trapping to atoms having a J = 1 → J = 0 transition. When placed in a two-dimensional laser field these atoms are optically pumped into different velocity selective nonabsorbing... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_63301565" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We extend studies of velocity selective coherent population trapping to atoms having a J = 1 → J = 0 transition. When placed in a two-dimensional laser field these atoms are optically pumped into different velocity selective nonabsorbing states. Each of these distinct energy eigenstates exhibits a unique entanglement between its internal and external degrees of freedom. We use a graphical method that makes easier the description of these states. We confirm our predictions experimentally.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/63301565" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="827159a4f551212369df7c243b3f942d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":75776549,"asset_id":63301565,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/75776549/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="44452648" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BrunoSaubam%C3%A9a">Bruno Saubaméa</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="44452648" type="text/json">{"id":44452648,"first_name":"Bruno","last_name":"Saubaméa","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BrunoSaubaméa","display_name":"Bruno Saubaméa","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BrunoSaubam%C3%A9a?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_63301565 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="63301565"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 63301565, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_63301565", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=63301565]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_63301565").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_63301565").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="63301565"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="108855" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping">Coherent Population Trapping</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="108855" type="text/json">{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="118582" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences">Physical sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="118582" type="text/json">{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="761969" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_Pumping">Optical Pumping</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="761969" type="text/json">{"id":761969,"name":"Optical Pumping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_Pumping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="845691" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reaction_Mechanism">Reaction Mechanism</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="845691" type="text/json">{"id":845691,"name":"Reaction Mechanism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reaction_Mechanism?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=63301565]'), work: {"id":63301565,"title":"Exotic quantum dark states","created_at":"2021-12-05T22:52:42.530-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/63301565/Exotic_quantum_dark_states?f_ri=108855","dom_id":"work_63301565","summary":"We extend studies of velocity selective coherent population trapping to atoms having a J = 1 → J = 0 transition. When placed in a two-dimensional laser field these atoms are optically pumped into different velocity selective nonabsorbing states. Each of these distinct energy eigenstates exhibits a unique entanglement between its internal and external degrees of freedom. We use a graphical method that makes easier the description of these states. We confirm our predictions experimentally.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":75776549,"asset_id":63301565,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":44452648,"first_name":"Bruno","last_name":"Saubaméa","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BrunoSaubaméa","display_name":"Bruno Saubaméa","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BrunoSaubam%C3%A9a?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":761969,"name":"Optical Pumping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_Pumping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":845691,"name":"Reaction Mechanism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reaction_Mechanism?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":1242198,"name":"Degree of Freedom","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Degree_of_Freedom?f_ri=108855"},{"id":2377358,"name":"Graphical Method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Graphical_Method?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_27667576" data-work_id="27667576" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27667576/Coherent_population_transfer_in_a_chain_of_tunnel_coupled_quantum_dots">Coherent population transfer in a chain of tunnel coupled quantum dots</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We consider the dynamics of a single electron in a chain of tunnel coupled quantum dots, exploring the formal analogies of this system with some of the laser-driven multilevel atomic or molecular systems studied by Bruce W. Shore and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_27667576" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We consider the dynamics of a single electron in a chain of tunnel coupled quantum dots, exploring the formal analogies of this system with some of the laser-driven multilevel atomic or molecular systems studied by Bruce W. Shore and collaborators over the last 30 years. In particular, we describe two regimes for achieving complete coherent transfer of population in such a multistate system. In the first regime, by carefully arranging the coupling strengths, the flow of population between the states of the system can be made periodic in time. In the second regime, by employing a "counterintuitive" sequence of couplings, the coherent population trapping eigenstate of the system can be rotated from the initial to the final desired state, which is an equivalent of the STIRAP technique for atoms or molecules. Our results may be useful in future quantum computation schemes.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/27667576" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="07327184b4102cffd9dc3b98a6d65571" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47934324,"asset_id":27667576,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47934324/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="51895122" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DavidPetrosyan">David Petrosyan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="51895122" type="text/json">{"id":51895122,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Petrosyan","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DavidPetrosyan","display_name":"David Petrosyan","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DavidPetrosyan?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_27667576 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="27667576"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27667576, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_27667576", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27667576]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_27667576").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_27667576").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="27667576"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2640" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Information">Quantum Information</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2640" type="text/json">{"id":2640,"name":"Quantum Information","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Information?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="108855" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping">Coherent Population Trapping</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="108855" type="text/json">{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="202566" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Computer">Quantum Computer</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="202566" type="text/json">{"id":202566,"name":"Quantum Computer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Computer?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="263152" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_physics">Optical physics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="263152" type="text/json">{"id":263152,"name":"Optical physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=27667576]'), work: {"id":27667576,"title":"Coherent population transfer in a chain of tunnel coupled quantum dots","created_at":"2016-08-09T23:27:55.902-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/27667576/Coherent_population_transfer_in_a_chain_of_tunnel_coupled_quantum_dots?f_ri=108855","dom_id":"work_27667576","summary":"We consider the dynamics of a single electron in a chain of tunnel coupled quantum dots, exploring the formal analogies of this system with some of the laser-driven multilevel atomic or molecular systems studied by Bruce W. Shore and collaborators over the last 30 years. In particular, we describe two regimes for achieving complete coherent transfer of population in such a multistate system. In the first regime, by carefully arranging the coupling strengths, the flow of population between the states of the system can be made periodic in time. In the second regime, by employing a \"counterintuitive\" sequence of couplings, the coherent population trapping eigenstate of the system can be rotated from the initial to the final desired state, which is an equivalent of the STIRAP technique for atoms or molecules. Our results may be useful in future quantum computation schemes.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47934324,"asset_id":27667576,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":51895122,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Petrosyan","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DavidPetrosyan","display_name":"David Petrosyan","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DavidPetrosyan?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2640,"name":"Quantum Information","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Information?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":202566,"name":"Quantum Computer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Computer?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":263152,"name":"Optical physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":445674,"name":"Quantum Dot","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_Dot?f_ri=108855"},{"id":1237788,"name":"Electrical And Electronic Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_And_Electronic_Engineering?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_24273115" data-work_id="24273115" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/24273115/_title_Manifestation_of_high_rank_polarization_moments_in_the_fluorescence_CPT_resonance_title_"><title>Manifestation of high-rank polarization moments in the fluorescence CPT resonance</title></a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Coherent Population Trapping (CPT) resonance obtained with linearly polarized laser beam through magnetic field sweep (Hanle configuration) was investigated in 87 Rb D 1 line. Influence of the coherence due to high-rank polarization... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_24273115" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Coherent Population Trapping (CPT) resonance obtained with linearly polarized laser beam through magnetic field sweep (Hanle configuration) was investigated in 87 Rb D 1 line. Influence of the coherence due to high-rank polarization moment (hexadecapole moment), created in the medium, on the CPT resonance shape was calculated and experimentally detected in fluorescence. It was observed as an inverted structure at a high power of excitation. To distinguish resonances due to coherence between Zeeman sub-levels with Δm F =2 from that with Δm F =4, the Larmour frequency ω L was modulated by applying an a.c. magnetic field (a.c. MF). Resonance signal at frequency corresponding to 4ω L was observed in a fluorescence, and after lock-in on the frequency corresponding to frequency difference between sub-levels Δm F =4.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/24273115" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="216b2ea5a0e2fffda3c08ca5b0dff237" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44610209,"asset_id":24273115,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44610209/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="38748231" href="https://bas.academia.edu/SankaGateva">Sanka Gateva</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="38748231" type="text/json">{"id":38748231,"first_name":"Sanka","last_name":"Gateva","domain_name":"bas","page_name":"SankaGateva","display_name":"Sanka Gateva","profile_url":"https://bas.academia.edu/SankaGateva?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_24273115 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="24273115"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 24273115, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_24273115", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_24273115 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 24273115; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_24273115"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_24273115 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="24273115"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 24273115; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=24273115]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_24273115").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_24273115").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="24273115"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="34754" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetic_field">Magnetic field</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="34754" type="text/json">{"id":34754,"name":"Magnetic field","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetic_field?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="108855" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping">Coherent Population Trapping</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="108855" type="text/json">{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="323552" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Power">High Power</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="323552" type="text/json">{"id":323552,"name":"High Power","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Power?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=24273115]'), work: {"id":24273115,"title":"\u003ctitle\u003eManifestation of high-rank polarization moments in the fluorescence CPT resonance\u003c/title\u003e","created_at":"2016-04-10T20:57:22.137-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/24273115/_title_Manifestation_of_high_rank_polarization_moments_in_the_fluorescence_CPT_resonance_title_?f_ri=108855","dom_id":"work_24273115","summary":"Coherent Population Trapping (CPT) resonance obtained with linearly polarized laser beam through magnetic field sweep (Hanle configuration) was investigated in 87 Rb D 1 line. Influence of the coherence due to high-rank polarization moment (hexadecapole moment), created in the medium, on the CPT resonance shape was calculated and experimentally detected in fluorescence. It was observed as an inverted structure at a high power of excitation. To distinguish resonances due to coherence between Zeeman sub-levels with Δm F =2 from that with Δm F =4, the Larmour frequency ω L was modulated by applying an a.c. magnetic field (a.c. MF). Resonance signal at frequency corresponding to 4ω L was observed in a fluorescence, and after lock-in on the frequency corresponding to frequency difference between sub-levels Δm F =4.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":44610209,"asset_id":24273115,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":38748231,"first_name":"Sanka","last_name":"Gateva","domain_name":"bas","page_name":"SankaGateva","display_name":"Sanka Gateva","profile_url":"https://bas.academia.edu/SankaGateva?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":34754,"name":"Magnetic field","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetic_field?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":323552,"name":"High Power","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Power?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_23501172" data-work_id="23501172" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23501172/Differentially_detected_coherent_population_trapping_resonances_excited_by_orthogonally_polarized_laser_fields">Differentially detected coherent population trapping resonances excited by orthogonally polarized laser fields</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We demonstrate the excitation and low-noise differential detection of a coherent population trapping (CPT) resonance with two modulated optical fields with orthogonal circular polarizations. When a microwave phase delay of λ/4 is... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_23501172" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We demonstrate the excitation and low-noise differential detection of a coherent population trapping (CPT) resonance with two modulated optical fields with orthogonal circular polarizations. When a microwave phase delay of λ/4 is introduced in the optical path of one of the fields, the difference in the power transmitted through the cell in each polarization shows a narrow, dispersive resonance. The differential detection allows a high degree of suppression of laser-induced noise and will enable nearly shot-noise-limited operation of atomic frequency references and magnetometers based on CPT.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/23501172" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8b2cbedc0d686629cc1cf6e579557267" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43938695,"asset_id":23501172,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43938695/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="36874793" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MichaelRosenbluh">Michael Rosenbluh</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="36874793" type="text/json">{"id":36874793,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Rosenbluh","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MichaelRosenbluh","display_name":"Michael Rosenbluh","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MichaelRosenbluh?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_23501172 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="23501172"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 23501172, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_23501172", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_23501172 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23501172; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_23501172"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_23501172 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="23501172"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23501172; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=23501172]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_23501172").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_23501172").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="23501172"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="108855" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping">Coherent Population Trapping</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="108855" type="text/json">{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="178701" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shot_Noise">Shot Noise</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="178701" type="text/json">{"id":178701,"name":"Shot Noise","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shot_Noise?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="263152" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_physics">Optical physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="263152" type="text/json">{"id":263152,"name":"Optical physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="559479" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Low_Noise">Low Noise</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="559479" type="text/json">{"id":559479,"name":"Low Noise","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Low_Noise?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=23501172]'), work: {"id":23501172,"title":"Differentially detected coherent population trapping resonances excited by orthogonally polarized laser fields","created_at":"2016-03-20T22:53:39.713-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/23501172/Differentially_detected_coherent_population_trapping_resonances_excited_by_orthogonally_polarized_laser_fields?f_ri=108855","dom_id":"work_23501172","summary":"We demonstrate the excitation and low-noise differential detection of a coherent population trapping (CPT) resonance with two modulated optical fields with orthogonal circular polarizations. When a microwave phase delay of λ/4 is introduced in the optical path of one of the fields, the difference in the power transmitted through the cell in each polarization shows a narrow, dispersive resonance. The differential detection allows a high degree of suppression of laser-induced noise and will enable nearly shot-noise-limited operation of atomic frequency references and magnetometers based on CPT.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43938695,"asset_id":23501172,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":36874793,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Rosenbluh","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MichaelRosenbluh","display_name":"Michael Rosenbluh","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MichaelRosenbluh?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":178701,"name":"Shot Noise","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shot_Noise?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":263152,"name":"Optical physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":559479,"name":"Low Noise","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Low_Noise?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":1237788,"name":"Electrical And Electronic Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_And_Electronic_Engineering?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_23241978" data-work_id="23241978" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23241978/All_Optical_Magnetometer_Based_on_Resonant_Excitation_of_Rubidium_Atoms_by_Frequency_Modulated_Diode_Laser_Light">All-Optical Magnetometer Based on Resonant Excitation of Rubidium Atoms by Frequency Modulated Diode Laser Light</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Magnetic field and its gradient measurements based on coherent population trapping resonances at the D1 line of 87 Rb are performed by means of coupling two ground-state Zeeman sublevels belonging to different hyperfine levels to a common... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_23241978" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Magnetic field and its gradient measurements based on coherent population trapping resonances at the D1 line of 87 Rb are performed by means of coupling two ground-state Zeeman sublevels belonging to different hyperfine levels to a common excited state. Two coherent laser fields with frequency difference of 6.8 GHz are used. They are produced by direct current modulation of a diode laser. The resonance splitting and broadening caused by the applied magnetic field is measured by scanning the laser modulation frequency around the ground-state hyperfine frequency.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/23241978" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d654204618646dd84a4ea2ac4e9ceb36" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43725237,"asset_id":23241978,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43725237/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="45103248" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MijailovicM">M. Mijailovic</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="45103248" type="text/json">{"id":45103248,"first_name":"M.","last_name":"Mijailovic","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MijailovicM","display_name":"M. Mijailovic","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MijailovicM?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_23241978 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="23241978"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 23241978, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_23241978", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_23241978 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23241978; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_23241978"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_23241978 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="23241978"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23241978; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=23241978]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_23241978").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_23241978").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="23241978"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="34754" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetic_field">Magnetic field</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="34754" type="text/json">{"id":34754,"name":"Magnetic field","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetic_field?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="80414" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences">Mathematical Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="80414" type="text/json">{"id":80414,"name":"Mathematical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="108855" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping">Coherent Population Trapping</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="108855" type="text/json">{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="118582" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences">Physical sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="118582" type="text/json">{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=23241978]'), work: {"id":23241978,"title":"All-Optical Magnetometer Based on Resonant Excitation of Rubidium Atoms by Frequency Modulated Diode Laser Light","created_at":"2016-03-14T13:14:00.637-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/23241978/All_Optical_Magnetometer_Based_on_Resonant_Excitation_of_Rubidium_Atoms_by_Frequency_Modulated_Diode_Laser_Light?f_ri=108855","dom_id":"work_23241978","summary":"Magnetic field and its gradient measurements based on coherent population trapping resonances at the D1 line of 87 Rb are performed by means of coupling two ground-state Zeeman sublevels belonging to different hyperfine levels to a common excited state. Two coherent laser fields with frequency difference of 6.8 GHz are used. They are produced by direct current modulation of a diode laser. The resonance splitting and broadening caused by the applied magnetic field is measured by scanning the laser modulation frequency around the ground-state hyperfine frequency.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43725237,"asset_id":23241978,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":45103248,"first_name":"M.","last_name":"Mijailovic","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MijailovicM","display_name":"M. Mijailovic","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MijailovicM?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":34754,"name":"Magnetic field","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetic_field?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":80414,"name":"Mathematical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":393410,"name":"Excited states","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Excited_states?f_ri=108855"},{"id":591063,"name":"Diode Laser","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diode_Laser?f_ri=108855"},{"id":1358109,"name":"Direct Current","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Direct_Current?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_18992157" data-work_id="18992157" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/18992157/Coherent_population_trapping_resonances_in_Cs_Ne_vapor_microcells_for_miniature_clocks_applications">Coherent population trapping resonances in Cs–Ne vapor microcells for miniature clocks applications</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We report the characterization of dark line resonances observed in Cs vapor microcells filled with a unique neon ͑Ne͒ buffer gas. The impact on the coherent population trapping ͑CPT͒ resonance of some critical external parameters such as... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_18992157" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We report the characterization of dark line resonances observed in Cs vapor microcells filled with a unique neon ͑Ne͒ buffer gas. The impact on the coherent population trapping ͑CPT͒ resonance of some critical external parameters such as laser intensity, cell temperature, and microwave power is studied. We show the suppression of the first-order light shift by proper choice of the microwave power. The temperature dependence of the Cs ground state hyperfine resonance frequency is shown to be canceled in the 77-80°C range for various Ne buffer gas pressures. The necessity to adjust the Ne buffer gas pressure or the cell dimensions to optimize the CPT signal height at the frequency inversion temperature is pointed out. Based on such Cs-Ne microcells, we preliminary demonstrate a 852 nm vertical cavity surface emitted laser ͑VCSEL͒-modulated based CPT atomic clock exhibiting a short term fractional frequency instability y ͑͒ = 1.5ϫ 10 −10 −1/2 until 30 s. These results, similar to those published in the literature by others groups, prove the potential of our original microcell technology in view of the development of high-performance chip scale atomic clocks.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/18992157" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="112f45d8351fccd3e0e528828e993eab" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":40370387,"asset_id":18992157,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40370387/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="39140335" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SGalliou">S Galliou</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="39140335" type="text/json">{"id":39140335,"first_name":"S","last_name":"Galliou","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SGalliou","display_name":"S Galliou","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SGalliou?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_18992157 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="18992157"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 18992157, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_18992157", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18992157]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_18992157").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_18992157").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="18992157"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9138" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Physics">Applied Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9138" type="text/json">{"id":9138,"name":"Applied Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="80414" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences">Mathematical Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="80414" type="text/json">{"id":80414,"name":"Mathematical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="108855" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping">Coherent Population Trapping</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="108855" type="text/json">{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=18992157]'), work: {"id":18992157,"title":"Coherent population trapping resonances in Cs–Ne vapor microcells for miniature clocks applications","created_at":"2015-11-25T07:44:19.589-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/18992157/Coherent_population_trapping_resonances_in_Cs_Ne_vapor_microcells_for_miniature_clocks_applications?f_ri=108855","dom_id":"work_18992157","summary":"We report the characterization of dark line resonances observed in Cs vapor microcells filled with a unique neon ͑Ne͒ buffer gas. The impact on the coherent population trapping ͑CPT͒ resonance of some critical external parameters such as laser intensity, cell temperature, and microwave power is studied. We show the suppression of the first-order light shift by proper choice of the microwave power. The temperature dependence of the Cs ground state hyperfine resonance frequency is shown to be canceled in the 77-80°C range for various Ne buffer gas pressures. The necessity to adjust the Ne buffer gas pressure or the cell dimensions to optimize the CPT signal height at the frequency inversion temperature is pointed out. Based on such Cs-Ne microcells, we preliminary demonstrate a 852 nm vertical cavity surface emitted laser ͑VCSEL͒-modulated based CPT atomic clock exhibiting a short term fractional frequency instability y ͑͒ = 1.5ϫ 10 −10 −1/2 until 30 s. These results, similar to those published in the literature by others groups, prove the potential of our original microcell technology in view of the development of high-performance chip scale atomic clocks.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":40370387,"asset_id":18992157,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":39140335,"first_name":"S","last_name":"Galliou","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SGalliou","display_name":"S Galliou","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SGalliou?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":9138,"name":"Applied Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":80414,"name":"Mathematical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=108855"},{"id":120859,"name":"Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vertical_Cavity_Surface_Emitting_Laser?f_ri=108855"},{"id":181847,"name":"First-Order Logic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/First-Order_Logic?f_ri=108855"},{"id":247487,"name":"Temperature Dependence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temperature_Dependence?f_ri=108855"},{"id":297691,"name":"High performance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_performance?f_ri=108855"},{"id":1013759,"name":"Laser Cooling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laser_Cooling?f_ri=108855"},{"id":1536161,"name":"Atomic clock","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atomic_clock?f_ri=108855"},{"id":2168952,"name":"Resonant Frequency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Resonant_Frequency?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_17104173" data-work_id="17104173" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17104173/Coherent_Dual_Frequency_Emission_of_a_Vertical_External_Cavity_Semiconductor_Laser_at_the_Cesium_formula_formulatype_inline_tex_Notation_TeX_rm_D_2_tex_formula_Line">Coherent Dual-Frequency Emission of a Vertical External-Cavity Semiconductor Laser at the Cesium <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${\rm D}_{2}$</tex></formula> Line</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We describe the dual-frequency and dual-polarization emission of a diode-pumped vertical external-cavity semiconductor laser at 852 nm dedicated to the coherent population trapping of cesium atoms. The output power reaches ${\sim}{\rm... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_17104173" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We describe the dual-frequency and dual-polarization emission of a diode-pumped vertical external-cavity semiconductor laser at 852 nm dedicated to the coherent population trapping of cesium atoms. The output power reaches ${\sim}{\rm 20}~{\rm mW}$ on each frequency, with a frequency difference in the gigahertz range.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/17104173" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b0bd0adf9f2dcfe8db9f65d1cbb2150c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42320969,"asset_id":17104173,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42320969/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="36674480" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SGuerandel">Stephane Guerandel</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="36674480" type="text/json">{"id":36674480,"first_name":"Stephane","last_name":"Guerandel","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SGuerandel","display_name":"Stephane Guerandel","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SGuerandel?f_ri=108855","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/36674480/10502657/11719248/s65_s..guerandel.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_17104173 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="17104173"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17104173, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_17104173", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17104173]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_17104173").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_17104173").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="17104173"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9615" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Masers">Masers</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9615" type="text/json">{"id":9615,"name":"Masers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Masers?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="58933" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Organic_Semiconductor_Laser">Organic Semiconductor Laser</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="58933" type="text/json">{"id":58933,"name":"Organic Semiconductor Laser","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Organic_Semiconductor_Laser?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="108855" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping">Coherent Population Trapping</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="108855" type="text/json">{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="120859" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vertical_Cavity_Surface_Emitting_Laser">Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="120859" type="text/json">{"id":120859,"name":"Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vertical_Cavity_Surface_Emitting_Laser?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=17104173]'), work: {"id":17104173,"title":"Coherent Dual-Frequency Emission of a Vertical External-Cavity Semiconductor Laser at the Cesium \u003cformula formulatype=\"inline\"\u003e\u003ctex Notation=\"TeX\"\u003e${\\rm D}_{2}$\u003c/tex\u003e\u003c/formula\u003e Line","created_at":"2015-10-21T06:18:29.143-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/17104173/Coherent_Dual_Frequency_Emission_of_a_Vertical_External_Cavity_Semiconductor_Laser_at_the_Cesium_formula_formulatype_inline_tex_Notation_TeX_rm_D_2_tex_formula_Line?f_ri=108855","dom_id":"work_17104173","summary":"We describe the dual-frequency and dual-polarization emission of a diode-pumped vertical external-cavity semiconductor laser at 852 nm dedicated to the coherent population trapping of cesium atoms. The output power reaches ${\\sim}{\\rm 20}~{\\rm mW}$ on each frequency, with a frequency difference in the gigahertz range.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42320969,"asset_id":17104173,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":36674480,"first_name":"Stephane","last_name":"Guerandel","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SGuerandel","display_name":"Stephane Guerandel","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SGuerandel?f_ri=108855","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/36674480/10502657/11719248/s65_s..guerandel.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9615,"name":"Masers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Masers?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":58933,"name":"Organic Semiconductor Laser","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Organic_Semiconductor_Laser?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":120859,"name":"Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vertical_Cavity_Surface_Emitting_Laser?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":263152,"name":"Optical physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_physics?f_ri=108855"},{"id":1237788,"name":"Electrical And Electronic Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_And_Electronic_Engineering?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_74084422" data-work_id="74084422" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/74084422/Electromagnetically_induced_waveguiding_in_double_%CE%9B_systems">Electromagnetically induced waveguiding in double-Λ systems</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Near the threshold for electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) or coherent population trapping (CPT), two-photon-resonance-enhanced self-focusing of a Lambda system can be exploited to induce spatial confinement in a second,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_74084422" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Near the threshold for electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) or coherent population trapping (CPT), two-photon-resonance-enhanced self-focusing of a Lambda system can be exploited to induce spatial confinement in a second, diffracting Lambda system. The diffracting Lambda system is characterized by parameters below the EIT or CPT threshold, and the two Lambda systems must be coupled to form a closed-loop double- Lambda</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/74084422" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="45903218" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ArleneGordon2">Arlene Gordon</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="45903218" type="text/json">{"id":45903218,"first_name":"Arlene","last_name":"Gordon","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ArleneGordon2","display_name":"Arlene Gordon","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ArleneGordon2?f_ri=108855","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/45903218/28648667/26769724/s65_arlene.gordon.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_74084422 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="74084422"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 74084422, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_74084422", }); 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u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We demonstrate the excitation and low-noise differential detection of a coherent population trapping (CPT) resonance with two modulated optical fields with orthogonal circular polarizations. When a microwave phase delay of λ/4 is... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_5178037" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We demonstrate the excitation and low-noise differential detection of a coherent population trapping (CPT) resonance with two modulated optical fields with orthogonal circular polarizations. When a microwave phase delay of λ/4 is introduced in the optical path of one of the fields, the difference in the power transmitted through the cell in each polarization shows a narrow, dispersive resonance. The differential detection allows a high degree of suppression of laser-induced noise and will enable nearly shot-noise-limited operation of atomic frequency references and magnetometers based on CPT.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5178037" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9dc985355330abb57da57081c54490c0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49415902,"asset_id":5178037,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49415902/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7021097" href="https://independent.academia.edu/svenjaknappe">svenja knappe</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7021097" type="text/json">{"id":7021097,"first_name":"svenja","last_name":"knappe","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"svenjaknappe","display_name":"svenja knappe","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/svenjaknappe?f_ri=108855","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7021097/164612658/154428878/s65_svenja.knappe.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5178037 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5178037"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5178037, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5178037", }); 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When a microwave phase delay of λ/4 is introduced in the optical path of one of the fields, the difference in the power transmitted through the cell in each polarization shows a narrow, dispersive resonance. The differential detection allows a high degree of suppression of laser-induced noise and will enable nearly shot-noise-limited operation of atomic frequency references and magnetometers based on CPT.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49415902,"asset_id":5178037,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7021097,"first_name":"svenja","last_name":"knappe","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"svenjaknappe","display_name":"svenja knappe","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/svenjaknappe?f_ri=108855","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7021097/164612658/154428878/s65_svenja.knappe.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":178701,"name":"Shot Noise","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shot_Noise?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":263152,"name":"Optical physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":559479,"name":"Low Noise","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Low_Noise?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":1237788,"name":"Electrical And Electronic Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_And_Electronic_Engineering?f_ri=108855"},{"id":2477780,"name":"Circular polarization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Circular_polarization?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10547081" data-work_id="10547081" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10547081/Coherent_spectroscopy_in_potassium_vapor_with_amplitude_modulated_light">Coherent spectroscopy in potassium vapor with amplitude modulated light</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We present the first experimental observation of Coherent Population Trapping (CPT) in Potassium, obtained with kHz-frequency modulation of the laser light amplitude. It is performed by acousto-optical amplitude modulation of the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10547081" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We present the first experimental observation of Coherent Population Trapping (CPT) in Potassium, obtained with kHz-frequency modulation of the laser light amplitude. It is performed by acousto-optical amplitude modulation of the radiation from an external cavity diode laser, matching the D1 line of K. The CPT resonances are detected both through K absorption and fluorescence. The resonances are studied in three kinds of K cells: i) pure-evacuated, ii) polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-coated-evacuated and iii) Ne-gas buffered. In all cases CPT-resonance narrowing with cell temperature is observed. In the pure-evacuated cell we registered the lowest contrast and the highest width of the resonance, while in buffered/coated cells a strong enhancement of the CPT resonance contrast up to 15% is observed. This behavior is the opposite to the one exhibited by Cs and Rb. The observed contrast enhancement in K is accompanied by more than two orders of magnitude reduction of the resonance width. The results here presented prove the advantage of using Potassium in CPT-based applications.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10547081" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="363918cd977e3c24a935749a8dcd2a9d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47312591,"asset_id":10547081,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47312591/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="25827262" href="https://independent.academia.edu/StefkaCartaleva">Stefka Cartaleva</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="25827262" type="text/json">{"id":25827262,"first_name":"Stefka","last_name":"Cartaleva","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"StefkaCartaleva","display_name":"Stefka Cartaleva","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/StefkaCartaleva?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10547081 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10547081"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10547081, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10547081", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_10547081 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10547081; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_10547081"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_10547081 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="10547081"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10547081; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=10547081]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_10547081").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_10547081").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="10547081"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="40276" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proceedings">Proceedings</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="40276" type="text/json">{"id":40276,"name":"Proceedings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proceedings?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="108855" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping">Coherent Population Trapping</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="108855" type="text/json">{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="160656" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Potassium">Potassium</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="160656" type="text/json">{"id":160656,"name":"Potassium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Potassium?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="227280" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contrast-Enhanced_Ultrasound">Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="227280" type="text/json">{"id":227280,"name":"Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contrast-Enhanced_Ultrasound?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=10547081]'), work: {"id":10547081,"title":"Coherent spectroscopy in potassium vapor with amplitude modulated light","created_at":"2015-02-05T09:27:16.570-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10547081/Coherent_spectroscopy_in_potassium_vapor_with_amplitude_modulated_light?f_ri=108855","dom_id":"work_10547081","summary":"We present the first experimental observation of Coherent Population Trapping (CPT) in Potassium, obtained with kHz-frequency modulation of the laser light amplitude. It is performed by acousto-optical amplitude modulation of the radiation from an external cavity diode laser, matching the D1 line of K. The CPT resonances are detected both through K absorption and fluorescence. The resonances are studied in three kinds of K cells: i) pure-evacuated, ii) polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-coated-evacuated and iii) Ne-gas buffered. In all cases CPT-resonance narrowing with cell temperature is observed. In the pure-evacuated cell we registered the lowest contrast and the highest width of the resonance, while in buffered/coated cells a strong enhancement of the CPT resonance contrast up to 15% is observed. This behavior is the opposite to the one exhibited by Cs and Rb. The observed contrast enhancement in K is accompanied by more than two orders of magnitude reduction of the resonance width. The results here presented prove the advantage of using Potassium in CPT-based applications.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47312591,"asset_id":10547081,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":25827262,"first_name":"Stefka","last_name":"Cartaleva","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"StefkaCartaleva","display_name":"Stefka Cartaleva","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/StefkaCartaleva?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":40276,"name":"Proceedings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proceedings?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":160656,"name":"Potassium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Potassium?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":227280,"name":"Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contrast-Enhanced_Ultrasound?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":486330,"name":"Polydimethylsiloxane","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polydimethylsiloxane?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10547133" data-work_id="10547133" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10547133/Coherent_population_trapping_resonances_in_potassium_with_amplitude_modulated_light">Coherent population trapping resonances in potassium with amplitude-modulated light</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We present the results of an experimental study of Coherent Population Trapping (CPT) in potassium, obtained by means of modulation of laser light amplitude with kHz frequency. The radiation from an external cavity diode laser, matching... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10547133" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We present the results of an experimental study of Coherent Population Trapping (CPT) in potassium, obtained by means of modulation of laser light amplitude with kHz frequency. The radiation from an external cavity diode laser, matching the D1 line of K, is modulated by an acousto-optical modulator. In the cell containing buffer gas, the CPT resonance width is reduced more than three orders of magnitude as compared to the cell containing pure potassium vapor. In K this resonance narrowing occurs with high resonance contrast; such behavior is not observed in buffered cells containing Rb or Cs, where the optical pumping to the non-interacting with the light ground level is very effective and depletes the population of the working ground Zeeman sublevels. The narrow CPT resonance of reduced fluorescence transforms to the one of enhanced fluorescence with the cell temperature rising. The transformed resonance exhibits higher contrast and lower width than those of the reduced fluorescence resonance. Hence, beside its scientific importance the resonance sign reversal can be used for the improvement of the CPT resonance parameters.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10547133" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5594b00a6346191bd33fb4479b647a6b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47312582,"asset_id":10547133,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47312582/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="25827262" href="https://independent.academia.edu/StefkaCartaleva">Stefka Cartaleva</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="25827262" type="text/json">{"id":25827262,"first_name":"Stefka","last_name":"Cartaleva","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"StefkaCartaleva","display_name":"Stefka Cartaleva","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/StefkaCartaleva?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10547133 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10547133"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10547133, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10547133", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_10547133 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10547133; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_10547133"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_10547133 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="10547133"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10547133; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=10547133]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_10547133").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_10547133").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="10547133"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="55405" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sensors">Sensors</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="55405" type="text/json">{"id":55405,"name":"Sensors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sensors?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="108855" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping">Coherent Population Trapping</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="108855" type="text/json">{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="116347" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_Analysis">Power Analysis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="116347" type="text/json">{"id":116347,"name":"Power Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_Analysis?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="160656" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Potassium">Potassium</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="160656" type="text/json">{"id":160656,"name":"Potassium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Potassium?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=10547133]'), work: {"id":10547133,"title":"Coherent population trapping resonances in potassium with amplitude-modulated light","created_at":"2015-02-05T09:27:30.358-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10547133/Coherent_population_trapping_resonances_in_potassium_with_amplitude_modulated_light?f_ri=108855","dom_id":"work_10547133","summary":"We present the results of an experimental study of Coherent Population Trapping (CPT) in potassium, obtained by means of modulation of laser light amplitude with kHz frequency. The radiation from an external cavity diode laser, matching the D1 line of K, is modulated by an acousto-optical modulator. In the cell containing buffer gas, the CPT resonance width is reduced more than three orders of magnitude as compared to the cell containing pure potassium vapor. In K this resonance narrowing occurs with high resonance contrast; such behavior is not observed in buffered cells containing Rb or Cs, where the optical pumping to the non-interacting with the light ground level is very effective and depletes the population of the working ground Zeeman sublevels. The narrow CPT resonance of reduced fluorescence transforms to the one of enhanced fluorescence with the cell temperature rising. The transformed resonance exhibits higher contrast and lower width than those of the reduced fluorescence resonance. Hence, beside its scientific importance the resonance sign reversal can be used for the improvement of the CPT resonance parameters.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47312582,"asset_id":10547133,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":25827262,"first_name":"Stefka","last_name":"Cartaleva","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"StefkaCartaleva","display_name":"Stefka Cartaleva","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/StefkaCartaleva?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":55405,"name":"Sensors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sensors?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":116347,"name":"Power Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_Analysis?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":160656,"name":"Potassium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Potassium?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":215075,"name":"Experimental Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Study?f_ri=108855"},{"id":761969,"name":"Optical Pumping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_Pumping?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13608811" data-work_id="13608811" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13608811/Laser_cooling_of_molecules_by_dynamically_trapped_states">Laser cooling of molecules by dynamically trapped states</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Optimal control theory (OCT) is applied to laser cooling of molecules. The objective is to cool vibrations, using shaped pulses synchronized with the spontaneous emission. An instantaneous in time optimal approach is compared to solution... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_13608811" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Optimal control theory (OCT) is applied to laser cooling of molecules. The objective is to cool vibrations, using shaped pulses synchronized with the spontaneous emission. An instantaneous in time optimal approach is compared to solution based on OCT. In both cases the optimal mechanism is found to operate by a``vibrationally selective coherent population trapping''. The trapping condition is that the instantaneous phase of the laser is locked to the phase of the transition dipole moment of v 0 with the excited population. The molecules that reach v 0 by spontaneous emission are then trapped, while the others are continually repumped. For vibrational cooling to v 2 and rotational cooling, a dierent mechanism operates. The ®eld completely changes the transient eigenstates of the Hamiltonian creating a superposition composed of many states. Finally this superposition is transformed by the ®eld to the target energy eigenstate. Ó</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13608811" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7c88f6f58793fd2b2b6579506f3d21fe" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45157827,"asset_id":13608811,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45157827/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32781568" href="https://huji.academia.edu/RKosloff">Ronnie Kosloff</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32781568" type="text/json">{"id":32781568,"first_name":"Ronnie","last_name":"Kosloff","domain_name":"huji","page_name":"RKosloff","display_name":"Ronnie Kosloff","profile_url":"https://huji.academia.edu/RKosloff?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_13608811 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="13608811"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 13608811, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_13608811", }); 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The objective is to cool vibrations, using shaped pulses synchronized with the spontaneous emission. An instantaneous in time optimal approach is compared to solution based on OCT. In both cases the optimal mechanism is found to operate by a``vibrationally selective coherent population trapping''. The trapping condition is that the instantaneous phase of the laser is locked to the phase of the transition dipole moment of v 0 with the excited population. The molecules that reach v 0 by spontaneous emission are then trapped, while the others are continually repumped. For vibrational cooling to v 2 and rotational cooling, a dierent mechanism operates. The ®eld completely changes the transient eigenstates of the Hamiltonian creating a superposition composed of many states. Finally this superposition is transformed by the ®eld to the target energy eigenstate. Ó","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45157827,"asset_id":13608811,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32781568,"first_name":"Ronnie","last_name":"Kosloff","domain_name":"huji","page_name":"RKosloff","display_name":"Ronnie Kosloff","profile_url":"https://huji.academia.edu/RKosloff?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":22300,"name":"Chemical Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":70355,"name":"Optimal Control theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optimal_Control_theory?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=108855"},{"id":260118,"name":"CHEMICAL SCIENCES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CHEMICAL_SCIENCES?f_ri=108855"},{"id":281596,"name":"Spontaneous Emission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spontaneous_Emission?f_ri=108855"},{"id":1013759,"name":"Laser Cooling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laser_Cooling?f_ri=108855"},{"id":1209324,"name":"Timing Optimization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Timing_Optimization?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_15390026" data-work_id="15390026" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/15390026/Optimized_scheme_of_a_rubidium_all_optical_frequency_standard">Optimized scheme of a rubidium all-optical frequency standard</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">A new approach to the creation of a quantum frequency standard based on the phenomenon of coherent population trapping is proposed, which employs linearly polarized radiation and involves signal discrimination at the absorption maximum.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/15390026" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="aa1bda7dc9ad41f7ad57347b88d025b2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43234531,"asset_id":15390026,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43234531/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="34536752" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GMileti">G. 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Mileti","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GMileti?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_18575655 coauthored" data-work_id="18575655" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/18575655/Narrow_structure_in_the_coherent_population_trapping_resonances_in_rubidium_and_Rayleigh_scattering">Narrow structure in the coherent population trapping resonances in rubidium and Rayleigh scattering</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The measurement of the coherent-population-trapping (CPT) resonances in uncoated Rb vacuum cells has shown that the shape of the resonances is different in different cells. In some cells the resonance has a complex shape -a narrow... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_18575655" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The measurement of the coherent-population-trapping (CPT) resonances in uncoated Rb vacuum cells has shown that the shape of the resonances is different in different cells. In some cells the resonance has a complex shape -a narrow Lorentzian structure, which is not power broadened, superimposed on the power broadened CPT resonance. The results of the performed investigations on the fluorescence angular distribution are in agreement with the assumption that the narrow structure is a result of atom interaction with Rayleigh scattering light. The results are interesting for indication of the vacuum cleanness of the cells and building of magnetooptical sensors.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/18575655" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8b73f406c8587d9715d6f82cfa308308" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":40137292,"asset_id":18575655,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40137292/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="38748231" href="https://bas.academia.edu/SankaGateva">Sanka Gateva</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="38748231" type="text/json">{"id":38748231,"first_name":"Sanka","last_name":"Gateva","domain_name":"bas","page_name":"SankaGateva","display_name":"Sanka Gateva","profile_url":"https://bas.academia.edu/SankaGateva?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-18575655">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-18575655"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://bas.academia.edu/GeorgyTodorov">Georgy Todorov</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-18575655'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-18575655').html(); 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In some cells the resonance has a complex shape -a narrow Lorentzian structure, which is not power broadened, superimposed on the power broadened CPT resonance. The results of the performed investigations on the fluorescence angular distribution are in agreement with the assumption that the narrow structure is a result of atom interaction with Rayleigh scattering light. The results are interesting for indication of the vacuum cleanness of the cells and building of magnetooptical sensors.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":40137292,"asset_id":18575655,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":38748231,"first_name":"Sanka","last_name":"Gateva","domain_name":"bas","page_name":"SankaGateva","display_name":"Sanka Gateva","profile_url":"https://bas.academia.edu/SankaGateva?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":38612867,"first_name":"Georgy","last_name":"Todorov","domain_name":"bas","page_name":"GeorgyTodorov","display_name":"Georgy Todorov","profile_url":"https://bas.academia.edu/GeorgyTodorov?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":263152,"name":"Optical physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":645605,"name":"THEORETICAL AND COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THEORETICAL_AND_COMPUTATIONAL_CHEMISTRY?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":767760,"name":"Angular Distribution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Angular_Distribution?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":880828,"name":"Rayleigh Scattering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rayleigh_Scattering?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_78337334" data-work_id="78337334" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/78337334/Quantum_statistical_enhancement_of_spontaneous_emission_in_velocity_selective_coherent_population_trapping_Mean_field_calculations">Quantum-statistical enhancement of spontaneous emission in velocity-selective coherent population trapping: Mean-field calculations</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We study the mean-field dynamics of atoms in a velocity-selective coherent population trapping ͑VSCPT͒ configuration, under the influence of resonant dipole-dipole interactions. By elimination of the transverse electromagnetic field we... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_78337334" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We study the mean-field dynamics of atoms in a velocity-selective coherent population trapping ͑VSCPT͒ configuration, under the influence of resonant dipole-dipole interactions. By elimination of the transverse electromagnetic field we derive a Heisenberg master equation for an arbitrary atomic operator. A closed equation of motion for the one-particle density matrix can be given by employing a time-dependent Hartree-Fock ͑TDHF͒ factorization of the two-particle density matrix, thereby neglecting two-particle correlations, i.e., collisional effects. In the case of bosons, the mean-field evolution mainly shows a quantum-statistical enhancement of the spontaneous emission rates, sensitive to the final-state occupation. The description is specialized to treat atoms with a Jϭ1→JЈϭ1 transition in a one-dimensional ϩ -Ϫ VSCPT configuration. The TDHF equations are integrated numerically. It is shown that for a density at which the gas is optically dense, the number of atoms, trapped in the dark state, is increased and its momentum width is decreased. ͓S1050-2947͑96͒05806-4͔ PACS number͑s͒: 32.80. Pj, 42.50.Vk, 42.50.Ct where the atomic sample is still optically thin. In addition an improved laserlike source of atoms requires a large number of atoms in the active mode, thus implying a trap much larger than the laser wavelength. Since the details of the trapping potential are not important for a large flat bottom potential, we assume a homogeneous system with periodic boundary conditions. We thus apply the thermodynamic limit, where sums over atomic states can be replaced by integrals. No realistic density matrix calculations have been performed up to now to investigate quantum-statistical effects in laser cooling. Due to the complexity of this many-body problem, certain approximations have to be made. Here we neglect all two-particle correlations, such as collisional effects, reabsorption of spontaneously emitted photons, and super-</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/78337334" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="08d0b6be85b69360eea53ae426a41626" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":85419856,"asset_id":78337334,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/85419856/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="42066608" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MartinNaraschewski">Martin Naraschewski</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="42066608" type="text/json">{"id":42066608,"first_name":"Martin","last_name":"Naraschewski","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MartinNaraschewski","display_name":"Martin Naraschewski","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MartinNaraschewski?f_ri=108855","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/42066608/120699318/110026554/s65_martin.naraschewski.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_78337334 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="78337334"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 78337334, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_78337334", }); 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By elimination of the transverse electromagnetic field we derive a Heisenberg master equation for an arbitrary atomic operator. A closed equation of motion for the one-particle density matrix can be given by employing a time-dependent Hartree-Fock ͑TDHF͒ factorization of the two-particle density matrix, thereby neglecting two-particle correlations, i.e., collisional effects. In the case of bosons, the mean-field evolution mainly shows a quantum-statistical enhancement of the spontaneous emission rates, sensitive to the final-state occupation. The description is specialized to treat atoms with a Jϭ1→JЈϭ1 transition in a one-dimensional ϩ -Ϫ VSCPT configuration. The TDHF equations are integrated numerically. It is shown that for a density at which the gas is optically dense, the number of atoms, trapped in the dark state, is increased and its momentum width is decreased. ͓S1050-2947͑96͒05806-4͔ PACS number͑s͒: 32.80. Pj, 42.50.Vk, 42.50.Ct where the atomic sample is still optically thin. In addition an improved laserlike source of atoms requires a large number of atoms in the active mode, thus implying a trap much larger than the laser wavelength. Since the details of the trapping potential are not important for a large flat bottom potential, we assume a homogeneous system with periodic boundary conditions. We thus apply the thermodynamic limit, where sums over atomic states can be replaced by integrals. No realistic density matrix calculations have been performed up to now to investigate quantum-statistical effects in laser cooling. Due to the complexity of this many-body problem, certain approximations have to be made. Here we neglect all two-particle correlations, such as collisional effects, reabsorption of spontaneously emitted photons, and super-","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":85419856,"asset_id":78337334,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":42066608,"first_name":"Martin","last_name":"Naraschewski","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MartinNaraschewski","display_name":"Martin Naraschewski","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MartinNaraschewski?f_ri=108855","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/42066608/120699318/110026554/s65_martin.naraschewski.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":80414,"name":"Mathematical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":211387,"name":"Electromagnetic Field","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electromagnetic_Field?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":260118,"name":"CHEMICAL SCIENCES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CHEMICAL_SCIENCES?f_ri=108855"},{"id":281596,"name":"Spontaneous Emission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spontaneous_Emission?f_ri=108855"},{"id":410412,"name":"Equation of Motion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Equation_of_Motion?f_ri=108855"},{"id":435600,"name":"Density Matrix","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Density_Matrix?f_ri=108855"},{"id":1540857,"name":"Master Equation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Master_Equation?f_ri=108855"},{"id":2786192,"name":"Quantum statistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantum_statistics?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_63301557" data-work_id="63301557" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/63301557/Recent_Advances_in_Subrecoil_Laser_Cooling">Recent Advances in Subrecoil Laser Cooling</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Individual readers of this volume and nonprofit libraries, acting for them, are permitted to make fair use of the material in it, such as copying an article for use in teaching or research. 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We compare the different coherent population trapping schemes that can be established on the D1 line using the Zeeman sublevels of a given ground... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_59459356" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We consider the coherent population trapping phenomenon in a thermal sodium atomic beam. We compare the different coherent population trapping schemes that can be established on the D1 line using the Zeeman sublevels of a given ground hyperfine state. The coherent population trapping preparation is examined by means of a Hanle effect configuration. The efficiency of the coherent population trapping phenomenon has been examined in presence of optical pumping into hyperfine levels external to those of the excited transition. We show that both the contrast and the width of the coherent population trapping resonance strongly decrease when the optical pumping rate is increased. In the experiment, the loss rate due to optical pumping has been controlled by means of a laser repump of variable intensity.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/59459356" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2da7fbb322e6e247a02a7a233a060964" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":73371212,"asset_id":59459356,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73371212/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="152510841" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FerruccioRenzoni">Ferruccio Renzoni</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="152510841" type="text/json">{"id":152510841,"first_name":"Ferruccio","last_name":"Renzoni","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"FerruccioRenzoni","display_name":"Ferruccio Renzoni","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FerruccioRenzoni?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_59459356 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="59459356"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 59459356, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_59459356", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=59459356]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_59459356").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_59459356").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="59459356"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="108855" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping">Coherent Population Trapping</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="108855" type="text/json">{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="761969" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_Pumping">Optical Pumping</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="761969" type="text/json">{"id":761969,"name":"Optical Pumping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_Pumping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=59459356]'), work: {"id":59459356,"title":"Coherent Population Trapping with Losses on the Sodium D1 Line Hanle Effect","created_at":"2021-10-22T01:29:32.504-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/59459356/Coherent_Population_Trapping_with_Losses_on_the_Sodium_D1_Line_Hanle_Effect?f_ri=108855","dom_id":"work_59459356","summary":"We consider the coherent population trapping phenomenon in a thermal sodium atomic beam. We compare the different coherent population trapping schemes that can be established on the D1 line using the Zeeman sublevels of a given ground hyperfine state. The coherent population trapping preparation is examined by means of a Hanle effect configuration. The efficiency of the coherent population trapping phenomenon has been examined in presence of optical pumping into hyperfine levels external to those of the excited transition. We show that both the contrast and the width of the coherent population trapping resonance strongly decrease when the optical pumping rate is increased. In the experiment, the loss rate due to optical pumping has been controlled by means of a laser repump of variable intensity.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":73371212,"asset_id":59459356,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":152510841,"first_name":"Ferruccio","last_name":"Renzoni","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"FerruccioRenzoni","display_name":"Ferruccio Renzoni","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FerruccioRenzoni?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":761969,"name":"Optical Pumping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_Pumping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_42528017 coauthored" data-work_id="42528017" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42528017/_title_Coherent_population_trapping_resonances_in_potassium_with_amplitude_modulated_light_title_"><title>Coherent population trapping resonances in potassium with amplitude-modulated light</title></a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The fast development of CPT applications and the need of good magnetooptical sensors result in an increased interest in the Coherent Population Trapping (CPT) resonances and the processes that determine their shape. In this work the shape... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_42528017" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The fast development of CPT applications and the need of good magnetooptical sensors result in an increased interest in the Coherent Population Trapping (CPT) resonances and the processes that determine their shape. In this work the shape and width of the CPT resonances are investigated in two different paraffin-coated Rb vapor cells from point of view of understanding the processes influencing the shape of the resonances and building of miniature and sensitive detector. The dependence of the shape of the resonances on the laser power is measured. Narrow resonances on three hyperfine transitions of the D 1 87 Rb line are registered. For explanation of the bright structure in the resonance shapes at low laser powers analysis of the influence of different processes is made.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42528017" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="dc8a95dcb23eaf290ae462cd84b93b43" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62813727,"asset_id":42528017,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62813727/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="25827262" href="https://independent.academia.edu/StefkaCartaleva">Stefka Cartaleva</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="25827262" type="text/json">{"id":25827262,"first_name":"Stefka","last_name":"Cartaleva","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"StefkaCartaleva","display_name":"Stefka Cartaleva","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/StefkaCartaleva?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-42528017">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-42528017"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LucaMarmugi">Luca Marmugi</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-42528017'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-42528017').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_42528017 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42528017"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42528017; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42528017]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_42528017").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_42528017").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="42528017"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="55405" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sensors">Sensors</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="55405" type="text/json">{"id":55405,"name":"Sensors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sensors?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="108855" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping">Coherent Population Trapping</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="108855" type="text/json">{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="116347" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_Analysis">Power Analysis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="116347" type="text/json">{"id":116347,"name":"Power Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_Analysis?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="160656" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Potassium">Potassium</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="160656" type="text/json">{"id":160656,"name":"Potassium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Potassium?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=42528017]'), work: {"id":42528017,"title":"\u003ctitle\u003eCoherent population trapping resonances in potassium with amplitude-modulated light\u003c/title\u003e","created_at":"2020-04-01T23:51:36.643-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/42528017/_title_Coherent_population_trapping_resonances_in_potassium_with_amplitude_modulated_light_title_?f_ri=108855","dom_id":"work_42528017","summary":"The fast development of CPT applications and the need of good magnetooptical sensors result in an increased interest in the Coherent Population Trapping (CPT) resonances and the processes that determine their shape. In this work the shape and width of the CPT resonances are investigated in two different paraffin-coated Rb vapor cells from point of view of understanding the processes influencing the shape of the resonances and building of miniature and sensitive detector. The dependence of the shape of the resonances on the laser power is measured. Narrow resonances on three hyperfine transitions of the D 1 87 Rb line are registered. For explanation of the bright structure in the resonance shapes at low laser powers analysis of the influence of different processes is made.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":62813727,"asset_id":42528017,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":25827262,"first_name":"Stefka","last_name":"Cartaleva","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"StefkaCartaleva","display_name":"Stefka Cartaleva","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/StefkaCartaleva?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":151409485,"first_name":"Luca","last_name":"Marmugi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LucaMarmugi","display_name":"Luca Marmugi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LucaMarmugi?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":55405,"name":"Sensors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sensors?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":116347,"name":"Power Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_Analysis?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":160656,"name":"Potassium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Potassium?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":215075,"name":"Experimental Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Study?f_ri=108855"},{"id":761969,"name":"Optical Pumping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_Pumping?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30278967" data-work_id="30278967" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30278967/Raman_Ramsey_multizone_spectroscopy_in_a_pure_rubidium_vapor_cell">Raman-Ramsey multizone spectroscopy in a pure rubidium vapor cell</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In view of application to a miniaturized spectroscopy system, we consider an optical setup that splits a laser beam into several parallel narrow light sheets allowing an effective beam expansion and consequently longer atom-light... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30278967" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In view of application to a miniaturized spectroscopy system, we consider an optical setup that splits a laser beam into several parallel narrow light sheets allowing an effective beam expansion and consequently longer atom-light interaction times. We analyze the multi-zone coherent population trapping (MZCPT) spectroscopy of alkali-vapor atoms, without buffer gas, in the presence of a split light beam. We show that the MZCPT signal is largely insensitive to intensity broadening. Experimentally observed spectra are in qualitative agreement with the predictions of a simplified model that describes each spectrum as an integral over the atomic velocity distribution of Ramsey multi-zone spectra.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30278967" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="062f222d7bab3dd4027550d510fda930" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50743710,"asset_id":30278967,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50743710/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="57715303" href="https://independent.academia.edu/HoracioFailache">Horacio Failache</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="57715303" type="text/json">{"id":57715303,"first_name":"Horacio","last_name":"Failache","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HoracioFailache","display_name":"Horacio Failache","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HoracioFailache?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30278967 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30278967"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30278967, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30278967", }); 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We analyze the multi-zone coherent population trapping (MZCPT) spectroscopy of alkali-vapor atoms, without buffer gas, in the presence of a split light beam. We show that the MZCPT signal is largely insensitive to intensity broadening. Experimentally observed spectra are in qualitative agreement with the predictions of a simplified model that describes each spectrum as an integral over the atomic velocity distribution of Ramsey multi-zone spectra.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50743710,"asset_id":30278967,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":57715303,"first_name":"Horacio","last_name":"Failache","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HoracioFailache","display_name":"Horacio Failache","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HoracioFailache?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1430,"name":"Laser Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laser_Spectroscopy?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":4317,"name":"Nonlinear Optics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nonlinear_Optics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":73142,"name":"Electromagnetic Radiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electromagnetic_Radiation?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":80414,"name":"Mathematical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855"},{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=108855"},{"id":144609,"name":"Alkali Metals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alkali_Metals?f_ri=108855"},{"id":260118,"name":"CHEMICAL SCIENCES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CHEMICAL_SCIENCES?f_ri=108855"},{"id":280438,"name":"Velocity Distribution in Open Channel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Velocity_Distribution_in_Open_Channel?f_ri=108855"},{"id":321836,"name":"Spectrum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spectrum?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5178038" data-work_id="5178038" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5178038/Long_term_frequency_instability_of_atomic_frequency_references_based_on_coherent_population_trapping_and_microfabricated_vapor_cells">Long-term frequency instability of atomic frequency references based on coherent population trapping and microfabricated vapor cells</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We present an evaluation of the long-term frequency instability and environmental sensitivity of a chip-scale atomic clock based on coherent population trapping, particularly as affected by the light-source subassembly. The long-term... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_5178038" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We present an evaluation of the long-term frequency instability and environmental sensitivity of a chip-scale atomic clock based on coherent population trapping, particularly as affected by the light-source subassembly. The long-term frequency stability of this type of device can be dramatically improved by judicious choice of operating parameters of the light-source subassembly. We find that the clock frequency is influenced by the laser-injection current, the laser temperature, and the rf modulation index. The sensitivity of the clock frequency to changes in the laser-injection current or the substrate temperature can be significantly reduced through adjustment of the rf modulation index. This makes the requirements imposed on the lasertemperature stabilization, in order to achieve a given frequency stability, less severe. The clock-frequency instability due to variations in local oscillator power is shown to be reduced through the choice of an appropriate light intensity inside the cell. The importance of these parameters with regard to the long-term stability of such systems is discussed.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5178038" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0c172a7734d5e6e91219e88ca90c99de" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32369157,"asset_id":5178038,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32369157/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7021097" href="https://independent.academia.edu/svenjaknappe">svenja knappe</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7021097" type="text/json">{"id":7021097,"first_name":"svenja","last_name":"knappe","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"svenjaknappe","display_name":"svenja knappe","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/svenjaknappe?f_ri=108855","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7021097/164612658/154428878/s65_svenja.knappe.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5178038 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5178038"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5178038, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5178038", }); 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The long-term frequency stability of this type of device can be dramatically improved by judicious choice of operating parameters of the light-source subassembly. We find that the clock frequency is influenced by the laser-injection current, the laser temperature, and the rf modulation index. The sensitivity of the clock frequency to changes in the laser-injection current or the substrate temperature can be significantly reduced through adjustment of the rf modulation index. This makes the requirements imposed on the lasertemperature stabilization, in order to achieve a given frequency stability, less severe. The clock-frequency instability due to variations in local oscillator power is shown to be reduced through the choice of an appropriate light intensity inside the cell. The importance of these parameters with regard to the long-term stability of such systems is discussed.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32369157,"asset_id":5178038,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7021097,"first_name":"svenja","last_name":"knappe","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"svenjaknappe","display_name":"svenja knappe","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/svenjaknappe?f_ri=108855","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7021097/164612658/154428878/s65_svenja.knappe.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":305,"name":"Applied Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":120859,"name":"Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vertical_Cavity_Surface_Emitting_Laser?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":263152,"name":"Optical physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":387505,"name":"Light Intensity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Light_Intensity?f_ri=108855"},{"id":749302,"name":"Indexation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indexation?f_ri=108855"},{"id":1237788,"name":"Electrical And Electronic Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_And_Electronic_Engineering?f_ri=108855"},{"id":1945343,"name":"Term Frequency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Term_Frequency?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5178062" data-work_id="5178062" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5178062/Long_term_frequency_instability_of_atomic_frequency_references_based_on_coherent_population_trapping_and_microfabricated_vapor_cells">Long-term frequency instability of atomic frequency references based on coherent population trapping and microfabricated vapor cells</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We present an evaluation of the long-term frequency instability and environmental sensitivity of a chip-scale atomic clock based on coherent population trapping, particularly as affected by the light-source subassembly. The long-term... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_5178062" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We present an evaluation of the long-term frequency instability and environmental sensitivity of a chip-scale atomic clock based on coherent population trapping, particularly as affected by the light-source subassembly. The long-term frequency stability of this type of device can be dramatically improved by judicious choice of operating parameters of the light-source subassembly. We find that the clock frequency is influenced by the laser-injection current, the laser temperature, and the rf modulation index. The sensitivity of the clock frequency to changes in the laser-injection current or the substrate temperature can be significantly reduced through adjustment of the rf modulation index. This makes the requirements imposed on the lasertemperature stabilization, in order to achieve a given frequency stability, less severe. The clock-frequency instability due to variations in local oscillator power is shown to be reduced through the choice of an appropriate light intensity inside the cell. The importance of these parameters with regard to the long-term stability of such systems is discussed.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5178062" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="63d523f08f19c1ba052f2bd9446dd3c7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32369170,"asset_id":5178062,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32369170/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7021097" href="https://independent.academia.edu/svenjaknappe">svenja knappe</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7021097" type="text/json">{"id":7021097,"first_name":"svenja","last_name":"knappe","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"svenjaknappe","display_name":"svenja knappe","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/svenjaknappe?f_ri=108855","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7021097/164612658/154428878/s65_svenja.knappe.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5178062 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5178062"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5178062, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5178062", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_5178062 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5178062; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_5178062"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_5178062 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="5178062"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5178062; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5178062]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_5178062").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_5178062").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="5178062"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="305" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics">Applied Mathematics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="305" type="text/json">{"id":305,"name":"Applied Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="108855" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping">Coherent Population Trapping</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="108855" type="text/json">{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="120859" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vertical_Cavity_Surface_Emitting_Laser">Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="120859" type="text/json">{"id":120859,"name":"Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vertical_Cavity_Surface_Emitting_Laser?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="263152" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_physics">Optical physics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="263152" type="text/json">{"id":263152,"name":"Optical physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=5178062]'), work: {"id":5178062,"title":"Long-term frequency instability of atomic frequency references based on coherent population trapping and microfabricated vapor cells","created_at":"2013-11-21T13:04:08.896-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/5178062/Long_term_frequency_instability_of_atomic_frequency_references_based_on_coherent_population_trapping_and_microfabricated_vapor_cells?f_ri=108855","dom_id":"work_5178062","summary":"We present an evaluation of the long-term frequency instability and environmental sensitivity of a chip-scale atomic clock based on coherent population trapping, particularly as affected by the light-source subassembly. The long-term frequency stability of this type of device can be dramatically improved by judicious choice of operating parameters of the light-source subassembly. We find that the clock frequency is influenced by the laser-injection current, the laser temperature, and the rf modulation index. The sensitivity of the clock frequency to changes in the laser-injection current or the substrate temperature can be significantly reduced through adjustment of the rf modulation index. This makes the requirements imposed on the lasertemperature stabilization, in order to achieve a given frequency stability, less severe. The clock-frequency instability due to variations in local oscillator power is shown to be reduced through the choice of an appropriate light intensity inside the cell. The importance of these parameters with regard to the long-term stability of such systems is discussed.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32369170,"asset_id":5178062,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7021097,"first_name":"svenja","last_name":"knappe","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"svenjaknappe","display_name":"svenja knappe","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/svenjaknappe?f_ri=108855","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7021097/164612658/154428878/s65_svenja.knappe.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":305,"name":"Applied Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":120859,"name":"Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vertical_Cavity_Surface_Emitting_Laser?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":263152,"name":"Optical physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_physics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":387505,"name":"Light Intensity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Light_Intensity?f_ri=108855"},{"id":749302,"name":"Indexation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indexation?f_ri=108855"},{"id":1237788,"name":"Electrical And Electronic Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_And_Electronic_Engineering?f_ri=108855"},{"id":1945343,"name":"Term Frequency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Term_Frequency?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5178093" data-work_id="5178093" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5178093/Laser_Noise_Cancellation_in_Single_Cell_CPT_Clocks">Laser Noise Cancellation in Single-Cell CPT Clocks</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We demonstrate a new technique for the suppression of noise associated with the laser source in atomic clocks based on coherent population trapping (CPT). The technique uses differential detection of the transmission of linearly and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_5178093" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We demonstrate a new technique for the suppression of noise associated with the laser source in atomic clocks based on coherent population trapping (CPT). The technique uses differential detection of the transmission of linearly and circularly polarized beams that propagate through different parts of a single rubidium vapor cell filled with a buffer gas mixture. The commonmode noise associated with the laser frequency and amplitude noise is suppressed by the differential detection of the two laser beams. The CPT signal, which is present only in the circularly polarized laser beam, is unaffected. The implementation of the technique requires only a change of the polarization of part of the laser beam and an additional photodiode. The technique is simple and applicable to CPT frequency references where a major source of noise is the laser, such as compact and chip-scale devices.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5178093" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="27585e27271a4a3d1df2bf70172d13f1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32369183,"asset_id":5178093,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32369183/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7021097" href="https://independent.academia.edu/svenjaknappe">svenja knappe</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7021097" type="text/json">{"id":7021097,"first_name":"svenja","last_name":"knappe","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"svenjaknappe","display_name":"svenja knappe","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/svenjaknappe?f_ri=108855","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7021097/164612658/154428878/s65_svenja.knappe.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5178093 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5178093"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5178093, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5178093", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5178093]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_5178093").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_5178093").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="5178093"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27497" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Instrumentation">Instrumentation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="27497" type="text/json">{"id":27497,"name":"Instrumentation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Instrumentation?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="96798" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Noise_reduction">Noise reduction</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="96798" type="text/json">{"id":96798,"name":"Noise reduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Noise_reduction?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="108855" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping">Coherent Population Trapping</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="108855" type="text/json">{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="120859" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vertical_Cavity_Surface_Emitting_Laser">Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="120859" type="text/json">{"id":120859,"name":"Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vertical_Cavity_Surface_Emitting_Laser?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=5178093]'), work: {"id":5178093,"title":"Laser Noise Cancellation in Single-Cell CPT Clocks","created_at":"2013-11-21T13:04:18.630-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/5178093/Laser_Noise_Cancellation_in_Single_Cell_CPT_Clocks?f_ri=108855","dom_id":"work_5178093","summary":"We demonstrate a new technique for the suppression of noise associated with the laser source in atomic clocks based on coherent population trapping (CPT). The technique uses differential detection of the transmission of linearly and circularly polarized beams that propagate through different parts of a single rubidium vapor cell filled with a buffer gas mixture. The commonmode noise associated with the laser frequency and amplitude noise is suppressed by the differential detection of the two laser beams. The CPT signal, which is present only in the circularly polarized laser beam, is unaffected. The implementation of the technique requires only a change of the polarization of part of the laser beam and an additional photodiode. The technique is simple and applicable to CPT frequency references where a major source of noise is the laser, such as compact and chip-scale devices.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32369183,"asset_id":5178093,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7021097,"first_name":"svenja","last_name":"knappe","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"svenjaknappe","display_name":"svenja knappe","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/svenjaknappe?f_ri=108855","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7021097/164612658/154428878/s65_svenja.knappe.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":27497,"name":"Instrumentation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Instrumentation?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":96798,"name":"Noise reduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Noise_reduction?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":120859,"name":"Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vertical_Cavity_Surface_Emitting_Laser?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":235046,"name":"Single Cell","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Single_Cell?f_ri=108855"},{"id":238712,"name":"Solar Radiation Pressure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Solar_Radiation_Pressure?f_ri=108855"},{"id":591063,"name":"Diode Laser","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diode_Laser?f_ri=108855"},{"id":1237788,"name":"Electrical And Electronic Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_And_Electronic_Engineering?f_ri=108855"},{"id":1536161,"name":"Atomic clock","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atomic_clock?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9172214" data-work_id="9172214" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9172214/All_optical_sensor_for_automated_magnetometry_based_on_coherent_population_trapping">All optical sensor for automated magnetometry based on coherent population trapping</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">An automated magnetometer suitable for long lasting measurement under stable and controllable experimental conditions has been implemented. The device is based on Coherent Population Trapping (CPT) produced by a multi-frequency... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9172214" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">An automated magnetometer suitable for long lasting measurement under stable and controllable experimental conditions has been implemented. The device is based on Coherent Population Trapping (CPT) produced by a multi-frequency excitation. CPT resonance is observed when a frequency comb, generated by diode laser current modulation, excites Cs atoms confined in a $\pi/4\times(2.5)^2\times1 \textrm{cm}^3$, 2 Torr $N_2$ buffered cell. A fully optical sensor is connected through an optical fiber to the laser head allowing for truly remote sensing and minimization of the field perturbation. A detailed analysis of the CPT resonance parameters as a function of the optical detuning has been made in order to get high sensitivity measurements. The magnetic field monitoring performances and the best sensitivity obtained in a balanced differential configuration of the sensor are presented.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9172214" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f70c59b8b4ed21f363b0ae43e00dc0bf" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35456322,"asset_id":9172214,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35456322/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="20949728" href="https://unisi.academia.edu/GiuseppeBevilacqua">Giuseppe Bevilacqua</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="20949728" type="text/json">{"id":20949728,"first_name":"Giuseppe","last_name":"Bevilacqua","domain_name":"unisi","page_name":"GiuseppeBevilacqua","display_name":"Giuseppe Bevilacqua","profile_url":"https://unisi.academia.edu/GiuseppeBevilacqua?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9172214 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9172214"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9172214, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9172214", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9172214]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9172214").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9172214").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9172214"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="305" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics">Applied Mathematics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="305" type="text/json">{"id":305,"name":"Applied Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1252" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Remote_Sensing">Remote Sensing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1252" type="text/json">{"id":1252,"name":"Remote Sensing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Remote_Sensing?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="34754" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetic_field">Magnetic field</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="34754" type="text/json">{"id":34754,"name":"Magnetic field","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetic_field?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="59724" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_Sensor">Optical Sensor</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="59724" type="text/json">{"id":59724,"name":"Optical Sensor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_Sensor?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9172214]'), work: {"id":9172214,"title":"All optical sensor for automated magnetometry based on coherent population trapping","created_at":"2014-11-06T21:36:11.353-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9172214/All_optical_sensor_for_automated_magnetometry_based_on_coherent_population_trapping?f_ri=108855","dom_id":"work_9172214","summary":"An automated magnetometer suitable for long lasting measurement under stable and controllable experimental conditions has been implemented. The device is based on Coherent Population Trapping (CPT) produced by a multi-frequency excitation. CPT resonance is observed when a frequency comb, generated by diode laser current modulation, excites Cs atoms confined in a $\\pi/4\\times(2.5)^2\\times1 \\textrm{cm}^3$, 2 Torr $N_2$ buffered cell. A fully optical sensor is connected through an optical fiber to the laser head allowing for truly remote sensing and minimization of the field perturbation. A detailed analysis of the CPT resonance parameters as a function of the optical detuning has been made in order to get high sensitivity measurements. The magnetic field monitoring performances and the best sensitivity obtained in a balanced differential configuration of the sensor are presented.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35456322,"asset_id":9172214,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":20949728,"first_name":"Giuseppe","last_name":"Bevilacqua","domain_name":"unisi","page_name":"GiuseppeBevilacqua","display_name":"Giuseppe Bevilacqua","profile_url":"https://unisi.academia.edu/GiuseppeBevilacqua?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":305,"name":"Applied Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":1252,"name":"Remote Sensing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Remote_Sensing?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":34754,"name":"Magnetic field","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetic_field?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":59724,"name":"Optical Sensor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_Sensor?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855"},{"id":263152,"name":"Optical physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_physics?f_ri=108855"},{"id":404996,"name":"Optical fiber","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_fiber?f_ri=108855"},{"id":591063,"name":"Diode Laser","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diode_Laser?f_ri=108855"},{"id":962638,"name":"High Sensitivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Sensitivity?f_ri=108855"},{"id":1237788,"name":"Electrical And Electronic Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_And_Electronic_Engineering?f_ri=108855"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9446847" data-work_id="9446847" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9446847/Tuneable_nonlinearity_in_atomic_response_to_a_bichromatic_field">Tuneable nonlinearity in atomic response to a bichromatic field</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Atomic response to a probe beam can be tailored, by creating coherences between atomic levels with help of another beam. Changing parameters of the control beam will change the nature of coherences and hence the nature of atomic response... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9446847" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Atomic response to a probe beam can be tailored, by creating coherences between atomic levels with help of another beam. Changing parameters of the control beam will change the nature of coherences and hence the nature of atomic response as well. Such change can depend upon intensity of both probe and control beams, in a nonlinear fashion. We present a situation where this nonlinearity in dependence can be precisely controlled, as to obtain different variations as desired. We also present a detailed analysis of how this nonlinear dependency arises and show that this is an interesting effect of several Coherent Population Trap(CPT) states that exist and a competition among them to trap atomic population in them.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9446847" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cc254a74c7d5b121e46c95b76a569485" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35686189,"asset_id":9446847,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35686189/download_file?st=MTc0MDU2OTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="22028325" href="https://uohyd.academia.edu/AshokVudayagiri">Ashok Vudayagiri</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="22028325" type="text/json">{"id":22028325,"first_name":"Ashok","last_name":"Vudayagiri","domain_name":"uohyd","page_name":"AshokVudayagiri","display_name":"Ashok Vudayagiri","profile_url":"https://uohyd.academia.edu/AshokVudayagiri?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9446847 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9446847"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9446847, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9446847", }); 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Changing parameters of the control beam will change the nature of coherences and hence the nature of atomic response as well. Such change can depend upon intensity of both probe and control beams, in a nonlinear fashion. We present a situation where this nonlinearity in dependence can be precisely controlled, as to obtain different variations as desired. We also present a detailed analysis of how this nonlinear dependency arises and show that this is an interesting effect of several Coherent Population Trap(CPT) states that exist and a competition among them to trap atomic population in them.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35686189,"asset_id":9446847,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":22028325,"first_name":"Ashok","last_name":"Vudayagiri","domain_name":"uohyd","page_name":"AshokVudayagiri","display_name":"Ashok Vudayagiri","profile_url":"https://uohyd.academia.edu/AshokVudayagiri?f_ri=108855","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4317,"name":"Nonlinear Optics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nonlinear_Optics?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":108855,"name":"Coherent Population Trapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coherent_Population_Trapping?f_ri=108855","nofollow":true},{"id":263152,"name":"Optical 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