MIT - Massachusetts Institute of Technology

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" class="no-js theme--custom"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://tlecms.mit.edu/spotlight/galactic-starburst-monday" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <meta http-equiv="Pragma" content="no-cache" /> <meta http-equiv="Expires" content="-1" /> <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-store" /> <meta property="description" content="The mission of MIT is to advance knowledge and educate students in science, technology and other areas of scholarship that will best serve the nation and the world in the 21st century." /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Massachusetts Institute of Technology" /> <meta property="og:site" content="http://web.mit.edu" /> <meta property="og:type" content="website" /> <meta property="og:title" content="The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)" /> <meta property="og:url" content="http://web.mit.edu" /> <meta property="og:description" content="The mission of MIT is to advance knowledge and educate students in science, technology and other areas of scholarship that will best serve the nation and the world in the 21st century." /> <meta property="fb:page_id" content="126533127390327" /> <meta property="twitter:site:id" content="15460048" /> <meta property="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta property="twitter:site" content="@mit" /> <meta property="twitter:title" content="The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)" /> <title>MIT - Massachusetts Institute of Technology</title> <link rel="icon" href="/themes/mit/assets/favicon/favicon.ico" sizes="32x32"> <link rel="icon" href="/themes/mit/assets/favicon/favicon.svg" type="image/svg+xml"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/themes/mit/assets/favicon/apple-touch-icon.png"> <link rel="manifest" href="/themes/mit/assets/favicon/manifest.webmanifest">  <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/themes/mit/assets/css/main.css?srbr9z" />   <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-113637181-1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'UA-1592615-11', { 'custom_map': {'dimension1': 'Search Term'}, 'anonymize_ip': true }); gtag('config', 'UA-1592615-30 ', { 'custom_map': {'dimension1': 'Search Term'}, 'anonymize_ip': true }); </script> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-M8MGV4P');</script> <style>.theme--custom{--primary-spot:117,0,20;--primary-text:0,0,0;--primary-bg:255,255,255;--primary-bg--alt:255,255,255;--secondary-spot:255,20,35;--secondary-text:255,255,255;--secondary-bg:0,0,0;--search-spot:255,20,35;--search-text:255,255,255;--search-bg:0,0,0;--breaking-news--text:255,255,255;--breaking-news--link-text:255,255,255;--breaking-news--link-text--hover:124,254,250;--spotl-addl-content--bg:242,244,248;--spotl-addl-content--text:0,0,0;--spotl-addl-content--link-text--hover:51,51,51;}</style> </head> <body class="front theme--mit-brand--default homepage spotlight"> <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-M8MGV4P" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <a href="#main" class="skip-to-content">Skip to content ↓</a> <div id="notification"><notification v-if="isHomepage"></notification></div> <nav class="site-nav js-site-nav"> <div class="site-nav__width"> <a class="site-nav__logo-link" href="/"> <svg class="mit-logo" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="867.217" height="200" viewBox="0 0 867.217 200"> <path class="logo-color--primary" d="M570.185,160l7.348,26.119c.873,3.347,1.746,6.693,2.328,9.458.364,1.6.655,3.128.946,4.584h.146c.291-1.455.582-2.983.946-4.584.582-2.765,1.31-6.111,2.255-9.458L591.5,160h15.06v52.019H596.74V182.19c0-2.11,0-4.729.218-6.984.073-1.237.146-2.546.218-3.783h-.146c-.218,1.237-.509,2.4-.728,3.565-.509,2.037-1.018,4.365-1.528,6.33l-8.949,30.7H575.715l-8.73-30.7c-.582-1.964-1.019-4.292-1.528-6.33-.218-1.164-.509-2.328-.728-3.565h-.145c.073,1.237.145,2.546.218,3.783.073,2.255.218,4.874.218,6.984v29.829h-9.676V160Zm65.478,47.872h-.146a9.933,9.933,0,0,1-3.783,3.565,15.7,15.7,0,0,1-7.2,1.455c-7.712,0-13.023-3.929-13.023-11.422,0-4.074,1.6-6.839,4.365-8.658s6.4-2.765,10.622-3.347c6.257-.873,9.022-1.382,9.022-4.22,0-2.765-2.037-4.438-6.257-4.438-4.656,0-6.912,1.6-7.2,5.238h-8.8a11.392,11.392,0,0,1,4.074-8.585c2.619-2.255,6.548-3.71,12-3.71,11.2,0,15.715,4.947,15.715,13.751V206.49c0,2.837.437,4.511,1.31,5.166v.364h-9.531A10.485,10.485,0,0,1,635.664,207.872Zm-2.183-4.147a6.552,6.552,0,0,0,2.255-4.874v-5.6c-1.746,1.091-4.365,1.6-6.912,2.183-5.238,1.164-7.712,2.328-7.712,5.82s2.328,4.729,5.82,4.729A9.485,9.485,0,0,0,633.481,203.725Zm15.059-3.783h9.167c.655,4.365,3.638,6.184,8.148,6.184,4.365,0,6.839-1.673,6.839-4.292,0-1.746-1.237-2.765-2.983-3.419a54.2,54.2,0,0,0-6.839-1.528c-3.419-.655-6.62-1.382-9.094-3.056-2.546-1.673-4.147-4.147-4.147-8.221a10.41,10.41,0,0,1,4.438-9.021c2.765-1.964,6.475-2.91,10.768-2.91,9.967,0,15.206,4.729,16.006,12.368h-8.949c-.509-4.074-2.91-5.457-7.2-5.457-3.929,0-6.4,1.382-6.4,4.147,0,1.673,1.237,2.474,3.2,3.056,1.892.655,4.438.946,7.057,1.528,3.128.655,6.4,1.382,8.949,3.056,2.546,1.746,4.22,4.365,4.22,8.73a10.5,10.5,0,0,1-4.365,8.8,19.242,19.242,0,0,1-11.35,3.2C655.088,213.11,649.122,207.945,648.54,199.942Zm35.357,0h9.167c.655,4.365,3.638,6.184,8.149,6.184,4.365,0,6.839-1.673,6.839-4.292,0-1.746-1.237-2.765-2.983-3.419a54.2,54.2,0,0,0-6.839-1.528c-3.419-.655-6.62-1.382-9.094-3.056-2.546-1.673-4.147-4.147-4.147-8.221a10.41,10.41,0,0,1,4.438-9.021c2.765-1.964,6.475-2.91,10.767-2.91,9.967,0,15.206,4.729,16.006,12.368h-8.949c-.509-4.074-2.91-5.457-7.2-5.457-3.929,0-6.4,1.382-6.4,4.147,0,1.673,1.237,2.474,3.2,3.056,1.892.655,4.438.946,7.057,1.528,3.128.655,6.4,1.382,8.949,3.056,2.547,1.746,4.22,4.365,4.22,8.73a10.5,10.5,0,0,1-4.365,8.8,19.243,19.243,0,0,1-11.35,3.2C690.445,213.11,684.48,207.945,683.9,199.942Zm60.021,7.93h-.146a9.933,9.933,0,0,1-3.783,3.565,15.7,15.7,0,0,1-7.2,1.455c-7.712,0-13.023-3.929-13.023-11.422,0-4.074,1.6-6.839,4.365-8.658s6.4-2.765,10.622-3.347c6.257-.873,9.022-1.382,9.022-4.22,0-2.765-2.037-4.438-6.257-4.438-4.656,0-6.912,1.6-7.2,5.238h-8.8a11.392,11.392,0,0,1,4.074-8.585c2.619-2.255,6.548-3.71,12-3.71,11.2,0,15.715,4.947,15.715,13.751V206.49c0,2.837.437,4.511,1.31,5.166v.364h-9.531A10.486,10.486,0,0,1,743.919,207.872Zm-2.183-4.147a6.552,6.552,0,0,0,2.255-4.874v-5.6c-1.746,1.091-4.365,1.6-6.912,2.183-5.238,1.164-7.712,2.328-7.712,5.82s2.328,4.729,5.82,4.729A9.485,9.485,0,0,0,741.736,203.725Zm20.734,3.638a19.922,19.922,0,0,1-5.166-13.969,20.522,20.522,0,0,1,5.093-14.041,17.816,17.816,0,0,1,13.532-5.675,18.148,18.148,0,0,1,11.641,3.783,15.983,15.983,0,0,1,5.311,9.895H783.2a6.723,6.723,0,0,0-6.839-5.748c-6.039,0-9.022,4.438-9.022,11.786,0,7.13,2.765,11.786,8.876,11.786,4.074,0,6.839-2.037,7.494-6.33h9.531a14.736,14.736,0,0,1-4.874,10.04,17.487,17.487,0,0,1-11.932,4.22A18.474,18.474,0,0,1,762.47,207.363Zm44.744-27.792c2.765-4,5.675-5.893,10.84-5.893a12.153,12.153,0,0,1,9.312,3.929,14.814,14.814,0,0,1,3.565,10.04v24.373h-9.895V189.1c0-4.074-2.255-6.839-6.475-6.839-4.365,0-7.566,3.419-7.566,8.585v21.171H797.1V160H807v19.571Zm52.965,28.083h-.218a11.977,11.977,0,0,1-10.695,5.384c-8.367,0-12.95-5.165-12.95-13.459V174.7h9.822V197.9c0,4.365,1.891,6.766,6.184,6.766,4.656,0,7.494-3.492,7.494-8.439V174.7h9.895v37.323h-9.531Zm13.169-7.712h9.167c.655,4.365,3.638,6.184,8.149,6.184,4.365,0,6.839-1.673,6.839-4.292,0-1.746-1.237-2.765-2.983-3.419a54.209,54.209,0,0,0-6.839-1.528c-3.419-.655-6.62-1.382-9.094-3.056-2.547-1.673-4.147-4.147-4.147-8.221a10.41,10.41,0,0,1,4.438-9.021c2.765-1.964,6.475-2.91,10.767-2.91,9.967,0,15.206,4.729,16.006,12.368H896.7c-.509-4.074-2.91-5.457-7.2-5.457-3.929,0-6.4,1.382-6.4,4.147,0,1.673,1.237,2.474,3.2,3.056,1.892.655,4.438.946,7.057,1.528,3.128.655,6.4,1.382,8.949,3.056,2.546,1.746,4.22,4.365,4.22,8.73a10.5,10.5,0,0,1-4.365,8.8,19.242,19.242,0,0,1-11.35,3.2C879.895,213.11,873.929,207.945,873.347,199.942Zm40.74,7.421c-3.347-3.492-5.02-8.512-5.02-14.041a20.254,20.254,0,0,1,5.166-13.969,17.627,17.627,0,0,1,13.241-5.675c6.038,0,10.549,2.255,13.678,6.257s4.729,9.531,4.729,16.224H918.816c.8,5.82,3.856,9.312,9.531,9.312,3.929,0,6.111-1.746,7.2-4.584H945.3a14.429,14.429,0,0,1-5.311,8.585,18.453,18.453,0,0,1-11.568,3.638C922.163,213.11,917.434,210.927,914.087,207.363Zm4.875-18.043H935.55c-.291-4.8-3.347-8-7.93-8C922.381,181.317,919.835,184.372,918.962,189.32ZM952.283,174.7V163.056h9.676V174.7h6.4v6.911h-6.4v19.425c0,2.837,1.455,3.71,3.711,3.71h1.892a4.8,4.8,0,0,0,1.018-.073v7.275a11.261,11.261,0,0,1-1.6.073c-1.091.073-2.619.073-4.583.073a11.8,11.8,0,0,1-6.839-1.819c-1.964-1.382-3.274-3.638-3.274-7.13V181.608h-5.165V174.7Zm22.99,0V163.056h9.676V174.7h6.4v6.911h-6.4v19.425c0,2.837,1.455,3.71,3.711,3.71h1.891a4.807,4.807,0,0,0,1.019-.073v7.275a11.265,11.265,0,0,1-1.6.073c-1.091.073-2.619.073-4.583.073a11.8,11.8,0,0,1-6.839-1.819c-1.964-1.382-3.274-3.638-3.274-7.13V181.608h-5.165V174.7Zm18.769,25.245h9.167c.655,4.365,3.638,6.184,8.148,6.184,4.365,0,6.839-1.673,6.839-4.292,0-1.746-1.237-2.765-2.983-3.419a54.191,54.191,0,0,0-6.839-1.528c-3.419-.655-6.62-1.382-9.094-3.056-2.546-1.673-4.147-4.147-4.147-8.221a10.41,10.41,0,0,1,4.438-9.021c2.765-1.964,6.475-2.91,10.768-2.91,9.967,0,15.206,4.729,16.006,12.368H1017.4c-.509-4.074-2.91-5.457-7.2-5.457-3.929,0-6.4,1.382-6.4,4.147,0,1.673,1.237,2.474,3.2,3.056,1.892.655,4.438.946,7.057,1.528,3.128.655,6.4,1.382,8.948,3.056,2.547,1.746,4.22,4.365,4.22,8.73a10.5,10.5,0,0,1-4.365,8.8,19.243,19.243,0,0,1-11.35,3.2C1000.589,213.11,994.623,207.945,994.041,199.942ZM565.893,227.625v52.019H555.344V227.625Zm16.733,19.789a11.914,11.914,0,0,1,11.059-6.111A12.153,12.153,0,0,1,603,245.231a14.814,14.814,0,0,1,3.565,10.04v24.373h-9.895V256.726c0-4.074-2.255-6.839-6.475-6.839-4.365,0-7.566,3.42-7.566,8.585v21.171h-9.894V242.321h9.676v5.093Zm27.282,20.153h9.167c.655,4.365,3.638,6.184,8.148,6.184,4.365,0,6.839-1.673,6.839-4.292,0-1.746-1.237-2.765-2.983-3.419a54.2,54.2,0,0,0-6.839-1.528c-3.419-.655-6.62-1.382-9.094-3.056-2.547-1.673-4.147-4.147-4.147-8.221a10.41,10.41,0,0,1,4.438-9.021c2.765-1.964,6.475-2.91,10.768-2.91,9.967,0,15.205,4.729,16.006,12.368h-8.949c-.509-4.074-2.91-5.457-7.2-5.457-3.929,0-6.4,1.382-6.4,4.147,0,1.673,1.237,2.474,3.2,3.056,1.892.655,4.438.946,7.057,1.528,3.128.655,6.4,1.382,8.949,3.056,2.546,1.746,4.22,4.365,4.22,8.73a10.5,10.5,0,0,1-4.365,8.8,19.242,19.242,0,0,1-11.35,3.2C616.456,280.735,610.49,275.569,609.908,267.566Zm39.432-25.245V230.68h9.676v11.641h6.4v6.911h-6.4v19.425c0,2.837,1.455,3.71,3.711,3.71h1.891a4.809,4.809,0,0,0,1.019-.073v7.275a11.273,11.273,0,0,1-1.6.073c-1.091.073-2.619.073-4.583.073a11.8,11.8,0,0,1-6.839-1.819c-1.964-1.382-3.274-3.638-3.274-7.13V249.232h-5.165v-6.911Zm30.628-13.314v8.876h-9.894v-8.876Zm0,13.314v37.323h-9.894V242.321Zm8.949,0V230.68h9.676v11.641H705v6.911h-6.4v19.425c0,2.837,1.455,3.71,3.711,3.71H704.2a4.81,4.81,0,0,0,1.019-.073v7.275a11.274,11.274,0,0,1-1.6.073c-1.091.073-2.619.073-4.584.073a11.8,11.8,0,0,1-6.839-1.819c-1.964-1.382-3.274-3.638-3.274-7.13V249.232h-5.166v-6.911Zm44.306,32.957H733a11.977,11.977,0,0,1-10.7,5.384c-8.366,0-12.95-5.166-12.95-13.459V242.321h9.822v23.208c0,4.365,1.891,6.766,6.184,6.766,4.656,0,7.494-3.492,7.494-8.439V242.321h9.894v37.323h-9.531Zm18.48-32.957V230.68h9.676v11.641h6.4v6.911h-6.4v19.425c0,2.837,1.455,3.71,3.71,3.71h1.892A4.808,4.808,0,0,0,768,272.3v7.275a11.272,11.272,0,0,1-1.6.073c-1.091.073-2.619.073-4.584.073a11.8,11.8,0,0,1-6.839-1.819c-1.964-1.382-3.274-3.638-3.274-7.13V249.232h-5.166v-6.911Zm23.572,32.666c-3.347-3.492-5.02-8.512-5.02-14.041a20.254,20.254,0,0,1,5.166-13.969,17.628,17.628,0,0,1,13.241-5.675c6.038,0,10.549,2.255,13.678,6.257s4.729,9.531,4.729,16.224H780c.8,5.82,3.856,9.312,9.531,9.312,3.929,0,6.111-1.746,7.2-4.584h9.749a14.43,14.43,0,0,1-5.311,8.585,18.455,18.455,0,0,1-11.568,3.638C783.35,280.735,778.622,278.552,775.275,274.987Zm4.874-18.043h16.588c-.291-4.8-3.347-8-7.93-8C783.569,248.941,781.022,252,780.149,256.944Zm46.489,18.043a19.5,19.5,0,0,1-5.456-13.969,19.8,19.8,0,0,1,5.456-14.041A19.22,19.22,0,0,1,840.68,241.3a19.514,19.514,0,0,1,14.114,5.675,20.062,20.062,0,0,1,5.384,14.041,19.757,19.757,0,0,1-5.384,13.969,19.279,19.279,0,0,1-14.114,5.748A18.991,18.991,0,0,1,826.638,274.987Zm23.5-13.969c0-7.348-3.347-12.223-9.458-12.223s-9.458,4.875-9.458,12.223c0,7.275,3.347,12.15,9.458,12.15S850.138,268.294,850.138,261.019Zm16.369-18.7v-3.347c0-4.583,1.746-7.639,4.729-9.458,2.91-1.746,7.057-2.328,11.859-1.819v7.639c-4.656-.218-6.693.291-6.693,4.22v2.765H883.1v7.13H876.4v30.193h-9.894V249.451h-5.093v-7.13ZM581.535,295.249v8.876H565.893v43.143H555.344V304.125H539.7v-8.876Zm-1.091,47.363c-3.347-3.492-5.02-8.512-5.02-14.041a20.255,20.255,0,0,1,5.166-13.969,17.628,17.628,0,0,1,13.241-5.675c6.038,0,10.549,2.255,13.678,6.257s4.729,9.531,4.729,16.224H585.173c.8,5.82,3.856,9.312,9.531,9.312,3.929,0,6.111-1.746,7.2-4.584h9.749a14.431,14.431,0,0,1-5.311,8.585,18.455,18.455,0,0,1-11.568,3.638C588.519,348.359,583.791,346.177,580.444,342.612Zm4.875-18.043h16.588c-.291-4.8-3.347-8-7.93-8C588.738,316.566,586.191,319.622,585.319,324.569Zm34.412,18.043a19.923,19.923,0,0,1-5.166-13.969,20.522,20.522,0,0,1,5.093-14.041,17.816,17.816,0,0,1,13.532-5.675,18.147,18.147,0,0,1,11.641,3.783,15.982,15.982,0,0,1,5.311,9.895h-9.676a6.723,6.723,0,0,0-6.839-5.748c-6.039,0-9.021,4.438-9.021,11.786,0,7.13,2.765,11.786,8.876,11.786,4.074,0,6.839-2.037,7.493-6.33h9.531a14.735,14.735,0,0,1-4.875,10.04,17.486,17.486,0,0,1-11.932,4.22A18.474,18.474,0,0,1,619.73,342.612Zm44.744-27.792c2.765-4,5.675-5.893,10.84-5.893a12.154,12.154,0,0,1,9.313,3.929,14.813,14.813,0,0,1,3.565,10.04v24.372H678.3V324.351c0-4.074-2.255-6.839-6.475-6.839-4.365,0-7.567,3.419-7.567,8.585v21.171h-9.894V295.249h9.894V314.82Zm39.287.218a11.914,11.914,0,0,1,11.059-6.111,12.153,12.153,0,0,1,9.312,3.929A14.813,14.813,0,0,1,727.7,322.9v24.372H717.8V324.351c0-4.074-2.255-6.839-6.475-6.839-4.365,0-7.566,3.419-7.566,8.585v21.171h-9.895V309.945h9.676v5.093Zm33.248,27.574a19.5,19.5,0,0,1-5.457-13.969,19.8,19.8,0,0,1,5.457-14.041,19.22,19.22,0,0,1,14.042-5.675,19.515,19.515,0,0,1,14.114,5.675,20.062,20.062,0,0,1,5.384,14.041,19.757,19.757,0,0,1-5.384,13.969,19.279,19.279,0,0,1-14.114,5.748A18.991,18.991,0,0,1,737.009,342.612Zm23.5-13.969c0-7.348-3.347-12.223-9.458-12.223s-9.458,4.875-9.458,12.223c0,7.275,3.347,12.15,9.458,12.15S760.509,335.919,760.509,328.643Zm24.227-33.394v52.019H774.84V295.249Zm9.749,47.363a19.5,19.5,0,0,1-5.457-13.969,19.8,19.8,0,0,1,5.457-14.041,19.22,19.22,0,0,1,14.042-5.675,19.514,19.514,0,0,1,14.114,5.675,20.063,20.063,0,0,1,5.384,14.041,19.757,19.757,0,0,1-5.384,13.969,19.278,19.278,0,0,1-14.114,5.748A18.991,18.991,0,0,1,794.484,342.612Zm23.5-13.969c0-7.348-3.346-12.223-9.458-12.223s-9.458,4.875-9.458,12.223c0,7.275,3.347,12.15,9.458,12.15S817.983,335.919,817.983,328.643Zm13.168,19.716h9.822c.8,2.328,2.837,4.147,7.494,4.147,5.529,0,8.294-2.546,8.294-7.785v-4.074h-.218a11.852,11.852,0,0,1-9.749,4.365,15.569,15.569,0,0,1-11.277-4.729,17.717,17.717,0,0,1-5.166-13.1c0-5.529,1.673-10.113,4.584-13.314a14.883,14.883,0,0,1,11.568-4.947c4.656,0,8.076,1.819,10.331,4.947h.145v-3.929h9.531v34.485c0,5.238-1.6,8.8-4.438,11.349-3.129,2.91-7.93,4.22-13.46,4.22C838.281,360,832.243,355.635,831.151,348.359Zm24.081-14.26a11.653,11.653,0,0,0,2.037-7.13,11.4,11.4,0,0,0-2.183-7.13,8.135,8.135,0,0,0-6.693-2.983c-5.093,0-8.367,3.856-8.367,10.186,0,6.4,3.274,10.04,8.44,10.04A8.184,8.184,0,0,0,855.233,334.1Zm21.535,17.606c4,0,5.529-1.964,5.529-5.093a13.621,13.621,0,0,0-.582-3.71c-.509-1.528-1.164-3.565-2.255-6.4l-10.04-26.555h10.4l5.529,16.806c.582,1.746,1.091,3.71,1.6,5.384.218.946.509,1.819.8,2.765h.145c.218-.946.437-1.819.655-2.765a54.861,54.861,0,0,1,1.528-5.384l5.239-16.806h9.967l-13.023,38.268c-1.455,4.22-2.837,6.984-4.8,8.73-2.037,1.819-4.583,2.547-8.367,2.547h-5.82v-7.785Zm-529.5-4.438h41.615V222.423H347.268Zm62.423-145.653H513.728V160H409.691ZM347.268,160h41.615v41.615H347.268ZM284.845,347.268H326.46V160H284.845Zm-62.423-41.615h41.615V160H222.423ZM160,347.268h41.615V160H160Zm249.691,0h41.615V222.423H409.691Z" transform="translate(-160 -160)"/> </svg> <h1 class="visually-hidden">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</h1> </a> <ul class="site-nav__links"> <li class="site-nav__link-item menu-item--collapsed"> <a href="/education" class="site-nav__link js-nav-item menu-item--collapsed" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/11">Education</a> </li> <li class="site-nav__link-item menu-item--collapsed"> <a href="/research" class="site-nav__link js-nav-item menu-item--collapsed" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/12">Research</a> </li> <li class="site-nav__link-item"> <a href="/innovation" class="site-nav__link js-nav-item" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/13">Innovation</a> </li> <li class="site-nav__link-item"> <a href="/admissions-aid" class="site-nav__link js-nav-item" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/14">Admissions + Aid</a> </li> <li class="site-nav__link-item"> <a href="/campus-life" class="site-nav__link js-nav-item" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/15">Campus Life</a> </li> <li class="site-nav__link-item"> <a href="http://news.mit.edu/" target="_blank" class="site-nav__link js-nav-item">News</a> </li> <li class="site-nav__link-item"> <a href="/alumni" class="site-nav__link js-nav-item" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/17">Alumni</a> </li> <li class="site-nav__link-item"> <a href="/about" class="site-nav__link js-nav-item" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/16">About MIT</a> </li> <li class="site-nav__link-item site-nav__link-item--more"> <button class="site-nav__link">More <span class="site-nav__arrow">↓</span></button> <ul class="site-nav__more-list js-nav-more"> <li class="site-nav__more-link-item"> <a href="/admissions-aid" class="site-nav__more-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/14">Admissions + Aid</a> </li> <li class="site-nav__more-link-item"> <a href="/campus-life" class="site-nav__more-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/15">Campus Life</a> </li> <li class="site-nav__more-link-item"> <a href="http://news.mit.edu/" target="_blank" class="site-nav__more-link">News</a> </li> <li class="site-nav__more-link-item"> <a href="/alumni" class="site-nav__more-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/17">Alumni</a> </li> <li class="site-nav__more-link-item"> <a href="/about" class="site-nav__more-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/16">About MIT</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <div class="site-nav__buttons"> <button class="site-nav__mobile-trigger js-mobile-nav-trigger"><span class="js-mobile-nav-trigger-text">Menu</span> <span class="site-nav__arrow js-mobile-nav-trigger-arrow">↓</span></button> <a class="site-nav__search-trigger js-mobile-search js-search-trigger" href="/search"> <span class="visually-hidden">Search</span> <svg class="site-nav__search-icon site-nav__search-icon--open" width="26" viewBox="0 0 23 22"> <g stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.5" fill="none"> <circle cx="9.20757329" cy="8.99160695" r="8.50646589"></circle> <path d="M14.8522097,14.6362434 L20.7140392,20.4980728"></path> </g> </svg> <svg class="site-nav__search-icon site-nav__search-icon--close" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 18 18"> <path fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.5" d="M1 1L17 17M1 17L17 1"/> </svg> </a> </div> </div> </nav> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> <main class="primary-container">  <div class="es-search-mod" id="search-app" @keydown.up.exact.prevent="onUp" @keydown.down.exact.prevent="onDown" @keydown.tab.exact="onTab" @keydown.shift.tab.exact="onShiftTab" :class="{ 'search-has-quick-links': searchMode }"> <div class="es-search__overflow"> <a href="#" class="scroll-top js-scroll-top">Menu</a> <div class="es-search__width js-search-terms"> <form method="GET" action="/search" id="es-search-form" class="es-search-form js-es-search-form"> <label for="es-search-form-input" class="es-search__label js-search-trigger">Explore websites, people, and locations</label> <div class="es-search__box-mod"> <svg width="30" viewBox="0 0 23 22" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.5" class="icon--search-mag search-box__mag"> <g stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.5" fill="none"> <circle cx="9.20757329" cy="8.99160695" r="8.50646589"></circle> <path d="M14.8522097,14.6362434 L20.7140392,20.4980728" id="Line-4"></path> </g> </svg> <div class="es-search__box-trigger js-search-trigger"></div> <input type="query" v-model="query" v-on:click="onFocus" v-on:keydown="onKeydown" v-on:keyup="onInput" ref="searchInput" class="es-search__box js-search-input" id="es-search-form-input" autocomplete="off" name="q" aria-label="search" :placeholder="[[placeholderText]]" > <div class="es-search-options" v-if="isOnSearchResultPage"> <input type="checkbox" id="option1" name="options[]" value="lns" v-model="searchOptions"> <label for="option1">Look up people by “last name sounds like”</label> </div> <span class="es-search__placeholder" ref="searchPlaceholder" :style="[isOnSearchResultPage ? {'display':'none'} : '']"> What are you looking for? </span> <button v-on:click="resetQuery" v-if="searchMode" ref="resetButton" class="es-search__reset js-search-reset" type="reset" for="es-search-form" aria-label="reset"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="26" height="26" viewBox="0 0 26 26" class="form-reset"> <circle fill="red" cx="13" cy="13" r="13"/> <path class="st1" d="M9.9 9.9l6.5 6.5M16.4 9.9l-6.5 6.5"/> </svg> </button> <div class="es-search__results-mod" v-if="query.length && !isOnSearchResultPage"> <result-list ref="results" :query="query"></result-list> <button class="es-search__submit js-search-focusable" type="submit" form="es-search-form"> <span class="es-search__submit__text">See More Results</span> <svg viewBox="0 0 22 18" width="22" height="18" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="arrow-left es-search__submit__arrow"> <g fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.5"> <path d="M9.058 1.219L1.203 9.074l7.855 7.855M1.5 9.074h20.005"/> </g> </svg> </button> <p class="es-search__feedback"><a class="es-search__feedback-link" href="/feedback">Suggestions or feedback?</a></p> </div> </div> </form> <suggested-links v-if="!query.length && !isOnSearchResultPage"></suggested-links> </div> </div> <wallpaper-image v-if="searchMode"></wallpaper-image> </div> <div class="spotlight-mod spotlight-mod--home js-hide-results" id="main" tabindex="0" role="region" aria-label="spotlight"> <div class="spotlight__width"> <div class="breaking-news"> <div class="breaking-news__text-mod"> <p><strong><a href="https://www.mit.edu/updates-from-campus/">Updates from campus</a></strong>: Read the latest from MIT and its leaders regarding events on campus.</p> </div> </div> <article class="spotlight displaying-breaking-news"> <div class="spotlight-inner">  <div class="spotlight__media spotlight__media--single-image spotlight__media--full-width"> <figure class="spotlight__figure spotlight__figure--full"> <a class="spotlight__figure-link" target="_blank" href="http://news.mit.edu/2025/study-reveals-phoenix-galaxy-cluster-extreme-cooling-0213"> <img class="spotlight__img" src="/files/images/202502/MIT-PhoenixStars-SL.jpg" alt="Purple view of galaxies in the Phoenix galaxy cluster"> </a> </figure> </div> <h2 class="spotlight__h"> <svg viewBox="0 0 22 18" width="22" height="18" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="arrow-left spotlight__h--arrow"> <g fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.5"> <path d="M9.058 1.219L1.203 9.074l7.855 7.855M1.5 9.074h20.005"></path> </g> </svg> <span>Spotlight: Feb 17, 2025</span> </h2> <div class="spotlight__text js-hang-punc "> <p>The Phoenix galaxy cluster — one of the most massive and most luminous clusters in the universe — is pumping out far more stars than expected given its age. New research shows the Phoenix is actively cooling and able to generate a huge amount of stellar fuel.</p> </div> <div class="spotlight__meta js-spotlight-meta"> <h4 class="spotlight__date">Feb 17, 2025</h4> <a target="_blank" href="http://news.mit.edu/2025/study-reveals-phoenix-galaxy-cluster-extreme-cooling-0213" class="spotlight__text__cta js-spotlight-text-cta">Full story</a> <div class="spotlight__share js-spotlight-share"> <h4 class="spotlight__share-h">Share:</h4> <ul class="spotlight__share-list"> <li class="spotlight__share-item"> <a href="https://twitter.com/share?url=http://web.mit.edu/spotlight/galactic-starburst-monday" target="_blank" class="spotlight__share-link js-share-link"> <span class="visually-hidden">Twitter</span> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="15.656" height="16" viewBox="0 0 15.656 16" class="icon--facebook spotlight__share-icon spotlight__share-icon--twitter"> <path d="M9.317,6.775,15.146,0H13.765L8.7,5.883,4.662,0H0L6.112,8.9,0,16H1.381L6.725,9.788,10.994,16h4.662L9.317,6.775Zm-1.892,2.2-.619-.886L1.879,1.04H4L7.977,6.728l.619.886,5.169,7.394H11.644L7.426,8.974Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"/> </svg> </a> </li> <li class="spotlight__share-item"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=http://web.mit.edu/spotlight/galactic-starburst-monday" target="_blank" class="spotlight__share-link js-share-link"> <span class="visually-hidden">Facebook</span> <svg width="8" height="16" viewBox="0 0 8 16" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon--facebook spotlight__share-icon spotlight__share-icon--facebook"> <path d="M5.32 16H1.773V7.999H0V5.242h1.773V3.587c0-2.249 1-3.587 3.844-3.587h2.367v2.758h-1.48c-1.107 0-1.18.385-1.18 1.104l-.005 1.38H8L7.686 8H5.32V16z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"/> </svg> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <span id="spotlight-explore-more"> <spotlight-explore-more-link :linktospotlightsarchive="theLinkToSpotlightArchive"></spotlight-explore-more-link> </span> </div> </div> </article> <div class="spotlight-addl-content"> <div class="spotlight-addl-content--title"> MORE FROM THE MIT COMMUNITY </div> <div class="spotlight-addl-content--blocks"> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block"> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block--inner"> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block--img"> <a target="_blank" href="https://alum.mit.edu/slice/look-who-met-mit-2025-edition"> <img loading="lazy" src="/files/images/202502/Slice_25_02_13_met%40mit_FY25hm.jpg" width="700" height="467" alt="2 polaroid-style photos show two different couples, with text that reads "Met at MIT"" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block--text"> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block--label"> <strong> AROUND CAMPUS </strong> </div> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block--descr"> <a target="_blank" href="https://alum.mit.edu/slice/look-who-met-mit-2025-edition"> <p>At MIT, anything is possible — including falling in love in any number of unexpected locations, such as Lobby 7, a board of directors meeting, or at a reception at the President’s House. Meet some alumni who met their spouses at MIT.</p> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block"> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block--inner"> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block--img"> <a target="_blank" href="https://www.technologyreview.com/2024/12/23/1107284/forging-the-digital-future/"> <img loading="lazy" src="/files/images/202502/24042-01-8349-hm.jpg" width="700" height="467" alt="Dan Huttenlocher, inaugural dean of the MIT Schwarzman College of Computing, on the eighth floor terrace of Building 45." typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block--text"> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block--label"> <strong> ADVANCES IN AI </strong> </div> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block--descr"> <a target="_blank" href="https://www.technologyreview.com/2024/12/23/1107284/forging-the-digital-future/"> <p>As machine learning and generative AI reshape the world, MIT’s Schwarzman College of Computing is integrating these and other advanced computing technologies into classrooms and labs across campus.</p> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block"> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block--inner"> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block--img"> <a target="_blank" href="http://news.mit.edu/2025/pivot-bio-uses-microbial-nitrogen-sustainable-agriculture-0213"> <img loading="lazy" src="/files/images/202502/MIT-pivot-bio-home.jpg" width="600" height="400" alt="A farm surrounded by green fields" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block--text"> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block--label"> <strong> MIT INNOVATORS </strong> </div> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block--descr"> <a target="_blank" href="http://news.mit.edu/2025/pivot-bio-uses-microbial-nitrogen-sustainable-agriculture-0213"> <p>Pivot Bio, co-founded by Chris Voigt, has developed a nitrogen product that is replacing synthetic fertilizer across millions of acres of American farmland. Based on nitrogen-producing microbes, the technology is helping to make farming more sustainable and efficient.</p> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block"> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block--inner"> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block--img"> <a target="_blank" href="http://news.mit.edu/2025/mit-engineers-develop-fully-3d-printed-electrospray-engine-0212"> <img loading="lazy" src="/files/images/202502/MIT-Electrospray-Thrusters-hm.jpg" width="600" height="388" alt="A 3D printed device twice the size of a quarter" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block--text"> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block--label"> <strong> RESEARCH </strong> </div> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block--descr"> <a target="_blank" href="http://news.mit.edu/2025/mit-engineers-develop-fully-3d-printed-electrospray-engine-0212"> <p>MTL engineers have developed a fully 3D-printed electrospray engine. Ideal for propelling tiny satellites, the lightweight device could be produced on board a spacecraft and cost much less than traditional thrusters.</p> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block"> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block--inner"> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block--img"> <a target="_blank" href="http://news.mit.edu/2025/mapping-mrna-through-its-life-cycle-xiao-wang-0211"> <img loading="lazy" src="/files/images/202502/MIT-Wang-Xiao-dw.jpg" width="700" height="467" alt="Xiao Wang portrait, seated at a computer showing lots of data." typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block--text"> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block--label"> <strong> COMMUNITY SPOTLIGHT </strong> </div> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block--descr"> <a target="_blank" href="http://news.mit.edu/2025/mapping-mrna-through-its-life-cycle-xiao-wang-0211"> <p>Xiao Wang studies how and where RNA is translated into proteins within cells — illuminating how cells control their fate and what goes wrong in disease, especially in the brain. Her work could lead to the development of better RNA-based drugs and vaccines.</p> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block"> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block--inner"> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block--img"> <a target="_blank" href="http://news.mit.edu/2025/6K-cleans-critical-minerals-using-microwave-plasma-0207"> <img loading="lazy" src="/files/images/202502/MIT-6k-home_1.jpg" width="600" height="400" alt="A large, tall, cylindrical machine in a clean lab" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </a> </div> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block--text"> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block--label"> <strong> ALUMNI IN ACTION </strong> </div> <div class="spotlight-addl-content-block--descr"> <a target="_blank" href="http://news.mit.edu/2025/6K-cleans-critical-minerals-using-microwave-plasma-0207"> <p>With technology developed at MIT, 6K is bringing the production of critical minerals and materials back to the U.S. “The markets and critical materials we are focused on are important for not just economic reasons but also U.S. national security,” Saurabh Ullal says.</p> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="node-spotlight" data-viewingspotlight='Galactic starburst - Monday'> <spotlights-archive-link :linktospotlightsarchive="theLinkToSpotlightArchive"></spotlights-archive-link> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer class="site-footer"> <a href="/" class="site-footer__logo-link"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="377.778" height="200" viewBox="0 0 377.778 200" class="mit-logo site-footer__logo"> <path class="logo-color--primary" d="M360,360h44.445V226.667H360Zm66.667-155.556H537.778V160H426.667ZM360,160h44.445v44.444H360ZM293.333,360h44.444V160H293.333Zm-66.667-44.444h44.444V160H226.667ZM160,360h44.445V160H160Zm266.667,0h44.445V226.667H426.667Z" transform="translate(-160 -160)"/> </svg> <span class="visually-hidden">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</span> </a> <ul class="site-footer__nav-mod"> <li class="site-footer__nav__link-item"> <a class="site-footer__nav__link js-nav-item " href="/education">Education</a> </li> <li class="site-footer__nav__link-item"> <a class="site-footer__nav__link js-nav-item " href="/research">Research</a> </li> <li class="site-footer__nav__link-item"> <a class="site-footer__nav__link js-nav-item " href="/innovation">Innovation</a> </li> <li class="site-footer__nav__link-item"> <a class="site-footer__nav__link js-nav-item " href="/admissions-aid">Admissions + Aid</a> </li> <li class="site-footer__nav__link-item"> <a class="site-footer__nav__link js-nav-item " href="/campus-life">Campus Life</a> </li> <li class="site-footer__nav__link-item"> <a class="site-footer__nav__link js-nav-item " href="https://news.mit.edu/">News<span class="tool-tip">news.mit.edu</span></a> </li> <li class="site-footer__nav__link-item"> <a class="site-footer__nav__link js-nav-item " href="/about">About MIT</a> </li> <li class="site-footer__nav__link-item"> <a class="site-footer__nav__link js-nav-item " href="/alumni">Alumni</a> </li> </ul> <div class="site-footer__cta-mod"> <a class="site-footer__join-us-link" href="/building-a-better-world"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="13" height="13" viewBox="0 0 16 16" class="arrow-northeast site-footer__join-us-icon"> <g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.5" transform="translate(1 1)"> <polyline points="3 0 14 0 14 11"/> <path d="M14,0 L0,14"/> </g> </svg> <span>Join us in building a better world.</span></a> </div> <div class="site-footer__utility-mod"> <p class="site-footer__name"> Massachusetts Institute of Technology </p> <div class="site-footer__contact-info"> <a href="https://www.google.com/maps/place/Massachusetts+Institute+of+Technology/@42.360091,-71.09416,15z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x0:0xd0e08ea5b308203c!8m2!3d42.360091!4d-71.09416" class="site-footer__contact-info-link">77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, USA</a> </div> <ul class="site-footer__utility-list"> <li class="site-footer__utility-item"><a class="site-footer__utility__text-link" href="/visitmit">Visit</a></li> <li class="site-footer__utility-item"><a class="site-footer__utility__text-link" href="https://whereis.mit.edu/">Map</a></li> <li class="site-footer__utility-item"><a class="site-footer__utility__text-link" href="https://calendar.mit.edu/">Events</a></li> <li class="site-footer__utility-item"><a class="site-footer__utility__text-link" href="/search/?redirect-origin=legacy&tab=directory">People</a></li> <li class="site-footer__utility-item"><a class="site-footer__utility__text-link" href="https://careers.mit.edu/">Careers</a></li> <li class="site-footer__utility-item"><a class="site-footer__utility__text-link" href="/contact">Contact</a></li> <li class="site-footer__utility-item site-footer__utility-item--privacy"><a class="site-footer__utility__text-link" href="/privacy">Privacy</a></li> <li class="site-footer__utility-item"><a class="site-footer__utility__text-link" href="/accessibility">Accessibility</a></li> <li class="site-footer__utility-item site-footer__utility-item--social"> <ul class="site-footer__social-list"> <li class="site-footer__social-item site-footer__social-item--connect"> <a href="https://socialmediahub.mit.edu/" class="site-footer__social-item--connect-link"> <span class="site-footer__social-item--connect-text">Social Media Hub</span> </a> </li> <li class="site-footer__social-item site-footer__social-item--twitter"> <a href="https://twitter.com/mit"><span class="visually-hidden">MIT@twitter</span> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="15.656" height="16" viewBox="0 0 15.656 16"> <path d="M9.317,6.775,15.146,0H13.765L8.7,5.883,4.662,0H0L6.112,8.9,0,16H1.381L6.725,9.788,10.994,16h4.662L9.317,6.775Zm-1.892,2.2-.619-.886L1.879,1.04H4L7.977,6.728l.619.886,5.169,7.394H11.644L7.426,8.974Z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"/> </svg></a> </li> <li class="site-footer__social-item site-footer__social-item--facebook"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/MITnews"><span class="visually-hidden">MIT@facebook</span> <svg width="8" height="16" viewBox="0 0 8 16" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M5.32 16H1.773V7.999H0V5.242h1.773V3.587c0-2.249 1-3.587 3.844-3.587h2.367v2.758h-1.48c-1.107 0-1.18.385-1.18 1.104l-.005 1.38H8L7.686 8H5.32V16z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"></path> </svg></a> </li> <li class="site-footer__social-item site-footer__social-item--youtube"> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/mit"><span class="visually-hidden">MIT@youtube</span> <svg viewbox="0 0 24 17" height="16" width="23" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M22.938 3.005A2.87 2.87 0 0 0 20.916.984C19.143.5 12.011.5 12.011.5S4.867.512 3.093.996a2.87 2.87 0 0 0-2.022 2.022C.6 4.79.6 8.5.6 8.5s0 3.709.484 5.495a2.87 2.87 0 0 0 2.021 2.021c1.774.484 8.906.484 8.906.484s7.132 0 8.905-.484a2.87 2.87 0 0 0 2.022-2.021c.484-1.774.484-5.495.484-5.495s0-3.709-.484-5.495zm-13.21 8.918V5.077l5.93 3.423-5.93 3.423z" fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero"></path> </svg> </a> </li> <li class="site-footer__social-item site-footer__social-item--instagram"> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/mit/"><span class="visually-hidden">MIT@instagram</span> <svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 16 16" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <defs> <path id="a" d="M0 .005h15.257V15.26H0z"></path> </defs> <g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"> <g transform="translate(.384 .529)"> <mask id="b" fill="#fff"> <use xlink:href="#a"></use> </mask> <path d="M7.629.005c-2.072 0-2.332.009-3.146.046-.812.037-1.366.166-1.851.354a3.74 3.74 0 0 0-1.352.88A3.74 3.74 0 0 0 .4 2.636c-.188.486-.317 1.04-.354 1.852C.009 5.302 0 5.562 0 7.633c0 2.072.009 2.332.046 3.146.037.812.166 1.366.355 1.851.194.502.455.928.88 1.352.424.424.849.685 1.35.88.486.188 1.04.317 1.852.354.814.037 1.074.046 3.146.046 2.071 0 2.331-.009 3.145-.046.812-.037 1.366-.166 1.852-.354a3.74 3.74 0 0 0 1.35-.88 3.74 3.74 0 0 0 .88-1.352c.19-.485.318-1.04.355-1.851.037-.814.046-1.074.046-3.146 0-2.071-.009-2.331-.046-3.145-.037-.812-.166-1.366-.354-1.852a3.74 3.74 0 0 0-.88-1.35 3.74 3.74 0 0 0-1.351-.88c-.486-.19-1.04-.318-1.852-.355C9.96.014 9.7.005 7.629.005zm0 1.374c2.037 0 2.278.008 3.082.045.744.034 1.148.158 1.417.262.356.139.61.304.877.571.267.267.432.521.57.877.105.27.23.673.263 1.417.037.804.045 1.046.045 3.082 0 2.037-.008 2.279-.045 3.083-.034.744-.158 1.148-.262 1.417-.139.356-.304.61-.571.877a2.363 2.363 0 0 1-.877.57c-.269.105-.673.23-1.417.263-.804.037-1.045.045-3.082.045s-2.279-.008-3.083-.045c-.744-.034-1.148-.158-1.417-.263a2.363 2.363 0 0 1-.877-.57 2.364 2.364 0 0 1-.57-.877c-.105-.27-.23-.673-.263-1.417-.037-.804-.044-1.046-.044-3.083 0-2.036.007-2.278.044-3.082.034-.744.158-1.148.263-1.417.138-.356.303-.61.57-.877.267-.267.521-.432.877-.57.27-.105.673-.23 1.417-.263.804-.037 1.046-.045 3.083-.045z" fill="currentColor" mask="url(#b)"></path> </g> <path d="M8.013 10.705a2.543 2.543 0 1 1 0-5.086 2.543 2.543 0 0 1 0 5.086zm0-6.46a3.917 3.917 0 1 0 0 7.835 3.917 3.917 0 0 0 0-7.835zM13 4.09a.915.915 0 1 1-1.83 0 .915.915 0 0 1 1.83 0" fill="currentColor"></path> </g> </svg></a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </footer> <script src="/themes/mit/assets/js/modernizr.js?srbr9z"></script>  <script src="/themes/mit/assets/js/main.js?srbr9z"></script>   </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

MIT - Massachusetts Institute of Technology