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<li id="toc-18th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#18th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>18th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-18th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Holiness-Pentecostal_era_(19th_century)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Holiness-Pentecostal_era_(19th_century)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Holiness-Pentecostal era (19th century)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Holiness-Pentecostal_era_(19th_century)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Emergence_of_Black_gospel_(1920s–1970s)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Emergence_of_Black_gospel_(1920s–1970s)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Emergence of Black gospel (1920s–1970s)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Emergence_of_Black_gospel_(1920s–1970s)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Contemporary_Black_gospel_and_gospel_rap_(1970s–present)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Contemporary_Black_gospel_and_gospel_rap_(1970s–present)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Contemporary Black gospel and gospel rap (1970s–present)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Contemporary_Black_gospel_and_gospel_rap_(1970s–present)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Subgenres" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subgenres"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Subgenres</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Subgenres-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Subgenres subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Subgenres-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Black_gospel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Black_gospel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Black gospel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Black_gospel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Traditional" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Traditional"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>Traditional</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Traditional-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Urban_contemporary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Urban_contemporary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.2</span> <span>Urban contemporary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Urban_contemporary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-British" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#British"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.3</span> <span>British</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-British-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Southern_gospel_music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Southern_gospel_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Southern gospel music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Southern_gospel_music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Christian_country_music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Christian_country_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Christian country music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Christian_country_music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Comparison_to_other_hymnody" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Comparison_to_other_hymnody"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Comparison to other hymnody</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Comparison_to_other_hymnody-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Further reading subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Archival_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Archival_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Archival sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Archival_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-External_links-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle External links subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Professional_organizations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Professional_organizations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Professional organizations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Professional_organizations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media_outlets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media_outlets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Media outlets</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media_outlets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Gospel music</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 55 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-55" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">55 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A8%D9%84" title="موسيقى الغوسبل – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="موسيقى الغوسبل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B3spel" title="Góspel – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Góspel" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Gospel" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hok-im_im-ga%CC%8Dk" title="Hok-im im-ga̍k – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hok-im im-ga̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%8A%D0%BB" title="Госпъл – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Госпъл" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B2spel" title="Gòspel – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Gòspel" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Gospel" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerddoriaeth_yr_efengyl" title="Cerddoriaeth yr efengyl – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cerddoriaeth yr efengyl" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Gospel" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gospel" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Gospel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%83%CF%80%CE%B5%CE%BB" title="Γκόσπελ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γκόσπελ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B3spel" title="Góspel – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Góspel" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospelo" title="Gospelo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Gospelo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Gospel" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%82%DB%8C_%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%BE%D9%84" title="موسیقی گاسپل – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="موسیقی گاسپل" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Gospel" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Gospel" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B3%B5%EC%9D%8C%EC%84%B1%EA%B0%80" title="복음성가 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="복음성가" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%B8%D5%BD%D5%BA%D5%A5%D5%AC" title="Գոսպել – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գոսպել" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Gospel" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musik_gospel" title="Musik gospel – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Musik gospel" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospelt%C3%B3nlist" title="Gospeltónlist – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Gospeltónlist" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Gospel" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%96%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%AA_%D7%92%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%9C" title="מוזיקת גוספל – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מוזיקת גוספל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="გოსპელი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გოსპელი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyimbo_za_Kiinjili" title="Nyimbo za Kiinjili – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Nyimbo za Kiinjili" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muz%C3%AEka_Gospel" title="Muzîka Gospel – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Muzîka Gospel" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospelis" title="Gospelis – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Gospelis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Gospel" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospelo_muzika" title="Gospelo muzika – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Gospelo muzika" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Gospel" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzik_gospel" title="Muzik gospel – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Muzik gospel" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospelmuziek" title="Gospelmuziek – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gospelmuziek" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B4%E3%82%B9%E3%83%9A%E3%83%AB_(%E9%9F%B3%E6%A5%BD)" title="ゴスペル (音楽) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ゴスペル (音楽)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospelmusikk" title="Gospelmusikk – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Gospelmusikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Gospel" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Gospel" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Gospel" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BAsica_gospel" title="Música gospel – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Música gospel" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Gospel" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzic%C4%83_gospel" title="Muzică gospel – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Muzică gospel" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Госпел – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Госпел" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Gospel" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel_music" title="Gospel music – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Gospel music" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Gospel" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Госпел – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Госпел" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Gospel" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Gospel" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Gospel" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A5" title="กอสเปล – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กอสเปล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel_m%C3%BCzi%C4%9Fi" title="Gospel müziği – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Gospel müziği" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Госпел – Ukrainian" lang="uk" 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Genre of music emphasizing Christian lyrics</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Gospel (genre)" redirects here. For the literary genre, see <a href="/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel">Gospel</a>. For the African–American musical genre, see <a href="/wiki/Black_Gospel_music" title="Black Gospel music">Black Gospel music</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Gospel_music" title="Special:EditPage/Gospel music">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Gospel+music%22">"Gospel music"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Gospel+music%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Gospel+music%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Gospel+music%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Gospel+music%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Gospel+music%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span 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.infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">Gospel music</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Dartmouth_Gospel_Choir_at_the_Gospel_Brunch_(3232282945).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Dartmouth_Gospel_Choir_at_the_Gospel_Brunch_%283232282945%29.jpg/220px-Dartmouth_Gospel_Choir_at_the_Gospel_Brunch_%283232282945%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Dartmouth_Gospel_Choir_at_the_Gospel_Brunch_%283232282945%29.jpg/330px-Dartmouth_Gospel_Choir_at_the_Gospel_Brunch_%283232282945%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Dartmouth_Gospel_Choir_at_the_Gospel_Brunch_%283232282945%29.jpg/440px-Dartmouth_Gospel_Choir_at_the_Gospel_Brunch_%283232282945%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1169" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">The Dartmouth Gospel Choir</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Stylistic origins</th><td class="infobox-data hlist"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hymn#Christian_hymnody" title="Hymn">Christian hymns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Spirituals" title="Spirituals">spirituals</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cultural origins</th><td class="infobox-data hlist">Early 17th century, <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Derivative forms</th><td class="infobox-data hlist"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Country_music" title="Country music">Country</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Rhythm_and_blues" title="Rhythm and blues">rhythm and blues</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Soul_music" title="Soul music">soul</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Rock_and_roll" title="Rock and roll">rock and roll</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Subgenres</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data hlist"><a href="/wiki/Black_gospel_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Black gospel music">Black gospel</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Fusion genres</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data hlist"><a href="/wiki/Christian_country_music" title="Christian country music">Christian country music</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Regional scenes</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data hlist"><a href="/wiki/Southern_gospel" title="Southern gospel">Southern gospel</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Gospel music</b> is a traditional genre of <a href="/wiki/Christian_music" title="Christian music">Christian music</a> and a cornerstone of <a href="/wiki/Christian_media" title="Christian media">Christian media</a>. The creation, performance, significance, and even the definition of gospel music varies according to culture and social context. Gospel music is composed and performed for many purposes, including aesthetic pleasure, religious or ceremonial purposes, and as an entertainment product for the marketplace. Gospel music is characterized by dominant vocals and strong use of harmony with Christian lyrics. Gospel music can be traced to the early 17th century.<sup id="cite_ref-Gospel_History_Timeline_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gospel_History_Timeline-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Hymn" title="Hymn">Hymns</a> and sacred songs were often performed in a <a href="/wiki/Call_and_response" title="Call and response">call and response</a> fashion, heavily influenced by ancestral African music. Most of the churches relied on hand–clapping and foot–stomping as rhythmic accompaniment. Most of the singing was done <a href="/wiki/A_cappella" title="A cappella">a cappella</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Jackson,_Joyce_Marie_1995_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jackson,_Joyce_Marie_1995-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first published use of the term "gospel song" appeared in 1874. </p><p>The original gospel songs were written and composed by authors such as <a href="/wiki/George_Frederick_Root" title="George Frederick Root">George F. Root</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philip_Bliss" title="Philip Bliss">Philip Bliss</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_H._Gabriel" title="Charles H. Gabriel">Charles H. Gabriel</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Doane" title="William Howard Doane">William Howard Doane</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fanny_Crosby" title="Fanny Crosby">Fanny Crosby</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Malone_520_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Malone_520-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gospel music publishing houses emerged. The advent of radio in the 1920s greatly increased the audience for gospel music. Following <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, gospel music moved into major auditoriums, and gospel music concerts became quite elaborate.<sup id="cite_ref-Malone_523_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Malone_523-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Black_Gospel_music" title="Black Gospel music">Black</a> and <a href="/wiki/Southern_gospel" title="Southern gospel">Southern gospel</a> music are largely responsible for gospel's continued presence in <a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Christian_music" title="Contemporary Christian music">contemporary Christian music</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Soul_music" title="Soul music">soul music</a> by far the best–known <a href="/wiki/Popular_music" title="Popular music">popular music</a> variant.<sup id="cite_ref-McGuinness_2022_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McGuinness_2022-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The styles emerged from the <a href="/wiki/African-American_music" title="African-American music">African-American music</a> and <a href="/wiki/American_folk_music" title="American folk music">American folk music</a> traditions and have evolved in various ways over the years, continuing to form the basis of <a href="/wiki/Black_church" title="Black church">Black church</a> worship even today. It has also come to be used in churches of various other cultural traditions (especially within <a href="/wiki/Pentecostalism" title="Pentecostalism">Pentecostalism</a>) and, via the gospel choir phenomenon spearheaded by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_A._Dorsey" title="Thomas A. Dorsey">Thomas Dorsey</a>, has become a form of musical devotion worldwide.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Southern afroamerican gospel groups used all–male, <a href="/wiki/Tenor" title="Tenor">tenor</a>–<a href="/wiki/Lead_vocal" class="mw-redirect" title="Lead vocal">lead</a>–<a href="/wiki/Baritone" title="Baritone">baritone</a>–<a href="/wiki/Bass_(voice_type)" title="Bass (voice type)">bass</a> quartets. <a href="/wiki/Sensational_Nightingales" title="Sensational Nightingales">Sensational Nightingales</a>, the Soul Stirrers, Swan Silvertones and <a href="/wiki/The_Dixie_Hummingbirds" title="The Dixie Hummingbirds">the Dixie Hummingbirds</a> were famous gospel groups.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Christian_country_music" title="Christian country music">Christian country music</a>, sometimes referred to as country gospel music, is a subgenre of gospel music with a country flair. <a href="/wiki/Celtic_languages" title="Celtic languages">Celtic</a> gospel music infuses gospel music with a <a href="/wiki/Celtic_music" title="Celtic music">Celtic</a> flair, and is popular in countries such as Ireland. British black gospel refers to Gospel music of the <a href="/wiki/African_diaspora" title="African diaspora">African diaspora</a> produced in the United Kingdom. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gospel_music&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to Yale University music professor Willie Ruff, the singing of psalms in <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic" title="Scottish Gaelic">Scottish Gaelic</a> by <a href="/wiki/Presbyterianism" title="Presbyterianism">Presbyterians</a> of the Scottish <a href="/wiki/Hebrides" title="Hebrides">Hebrides</a> evolved from "<a href="/wiki/Lining_out" title="Lining out">lining out</a>"—where one person sang a solo and others followed—into the <a href="/wiki/Call_and_response" title="Call and response">call and response</a> of gospel music of the American South.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another theory notes foundations in the works of <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Watts" title="Isaac Watts">Isaac Watts</a> and others.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources"><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (July 2019)">unreliable source?</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Moreover, the genre arose during a time when literacy was not a guarantee, utilizing a great deal of repetition (which, unlike more traditional hymns, allowed those who could not read the opportunity to participate).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="18th_century">18th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gospel_music&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 18th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Perhaps the most famous gospel–based hymns were composed in the 1760s and 1770s by English writers <a href="/wiki/John_Newton" title="John Newton">John Newton</a> ("<a href="/wiki/Amazing_Grace" title="Amazing Grace">Amazing Grace</a>") and <a href="/wiki/Augustus_Toplady" title="Augustus Toplady">Augustus Toplady</a> ("Rock of Ages"), members of the <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican Church">Anglican Church</a>. Starting out as lyrics only, it took decades for standardized tunes to be added to them. Although not directly connected with African–American gospel music, they were adopted by African–Americans as well as white Americans, and Newton's connection with the <a href="/wiki/Abolitionism" title="Abolitionism">abolition</a> movement provided cross–fertilization. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Holiness-Pentecostal_era_(19th_century)"><span id="Holiness-Pentecostal_era_.2819th_century.29"></span>Holiness-Pentecostal era (19th century)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gospel_music&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Holiness-Pentecostal era (19th century)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Philip_Paul_Bliss,_1838-1876,_head-and-shoulders_portrait,_facing_left_LCCN2005678063.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Philip_Paul_Bliss%2C_1838-1876%2C_head-and-shoulders_portrait%2C_facing_left_LCCN2005678063.jpg/170px-Philip_Paul_Bliss%2C_1838-1876%2C_head-and-shoulders_portrait%2C_facing_left_LCCN2005678063.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="256" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Philip_Paul_Bliss%2C_1838-1876%2C_head-and-shoulders_portrait%2C_facing_left_LCCN2005678063.jpg/255px-Philip_Paul_Bliss%2C_1838-1876%2C_head-and-shoulders_portrait%2C_facing_left_LCCN2005678063.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Philip_Paul_Bliss%2C_1838-1876%2C_head-and-shoulders_portrait%2C_facing_left_LCCN2005678063.jpg/340px-Philip_Paul_Bliss%2C_1838-1876%2C_head-and-shoulders_portrait%2C_facing_left_LCCN2005678063.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1021" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Philip Paul Bliss</figcaption></figure> <p>The first published use of the term "Gospel song" probably appeared in 1874 when <a href="/wiki/Philip_Bliss" title="Philip Bliss">Philip Bliss</a> released a songbook entitled <i>Gospel Songs. A Choice Collection of Hymns and Tunes</i>. It was used to describe a new style of church music, songs that were easy to grasp and more easily singable than the traditional church <a href="/wiki/Hymns" class="mw-redirect" title="Hymns">hymns</a>, which came out of the mass revival movement starting with <a href="/wiki/Dwight_L._Moody" title="Dwight L. Moody">Dwight L. Moody</a>, whose musician was <a href="/wiki/Ira_D._Sankey" title="Ira D. Sankey">Ira D. Sankey</a>, as well as the <a href="/wiki/Holiness_movement" title="Holiness movement">Holiness</a>–<a href="/wiki/Pentecostalism" title="Pentecostalism">Pentecostal</a> movement.<sup id="cite_ref-Malone_520_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Malone_520-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prior to the meeting of Moody and Sankey in 1870, there was an American rural/frontier history of <a href="/wiki/Revival_meeting" title="Revival meeting">revival</a> and <a href="/wiki/Camp_meeting" title="Camp meeting">camp meeting</a> songs, but the gospel hymn was of a different character, and it served the needs of mass revivals in the great cities.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The revival movement employed popular singers and song leaders, the most famous of them being Ira D. Sankey. The original "gospel" songs were written and composed by authors such as <a href="/wiki/George_Frederick_Root" title="George Frederick Root">George F. Root</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philip_Bliss" title="Philip Bliss">Philip Bliss</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_H._Gabriel" title="Charles H. Gabriel">Charles H. Gabriel</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Doane" title="William Howard Doane">William Howard Doane</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fanny_Crosby" title="Fanny Crosby">Fanny Crosby</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Malone_520_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Malone_520-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As an extension to his initial publication <i>Gospel Songs</i>, Philip Bliss, in collaboration with Ira D. Sankey issued no's. 1 to 6 of <i>Gospel Hymns</i> in 1875.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sankey and Bliss's collection can be found in many libraries today. </p><p>The popularity of revival singers and the openness of rural churches to this type of music (in spite of its initial use in city revivals) led to the late 19th and early 20th century establishment of gospel music publishing houses such as those of <a href="/wiki/Homer_Rodeheaver" title="Homer Rodeheaver">Homer Rodeheaver</a>, <a href="/wiki/E._O._Excell" title="E. O. Excell">E. O. Excell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Davis_Tillman" title="Charles Davis Tillman">Charlie Tillman</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Charles_Albert_Tindley" title="Charles Albert Tindley">Charles Tindley</a>. These publishers were in the market for large quantities of new music, providing an outlet for the creative work of many songwriters and composers.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The advent of radio in the 1920s greatly increased the audience for gospel music, and <a href="/wiki/James_David_Vaughan" title="James David Vaughan">James D. Vaughan</a> used radio as an integral part of his business model, which also included traveling quartets to publicize the gospel music books he published several times a year.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Virgil_Oliver_Stamps" title="Virgil Oliver Stamps">Virgil O. Stamps</a> and <a href="/wiki/J._R._Baxter" title="J. R. Baxter">Jesse R. Baxter</a> studied Vaughan's business model and by the late 1920s were running heavy competition for Vaughan.<sup id="cite_ref-Malone_521_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Malone_521-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 1920s also saw the marketing of gospel records by groups such as the <a href="/wiki/Carter_Family" title="Carter Family">Carter Family</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Emergence_of_Black_gospel_(1920s–1970s)"><span id="Emergence_of_Black_gospel_.281920s.E2.80.931970s.29"></span>Emergence of Black gospel (1920s–1970s)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gospel_music&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Emergence of Black gospel (1920s–1970s)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Black_Gospel_music" title="Black Gospel music">Black Gospel music</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MahaliaJackson.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/MahaliaJackson.jpg/220px-MahaliaJackson.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="223" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/MahaliaJackson.jpg/330px-MahaliaJackson.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/MahaliaJackson.jpg/440px-MahaliaJackson.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2497" data-file-height="2528" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mahalia_Jackson" title="Mahalia Jackson">Mahalia Jackson</a> has been called the "Queen of Gospel"</figcaption></figure> <p>The Pentecostal movement quickly made inroads with churches not attuned to the Europeanized Black church music that had become popular over the years since Emancipation. These congregations readily adopted and contributed to the gospel music publications of the early 20th century. <a href="/wiki/Sister_Rosetta_Tharpe" title="Sister Rosetta Tharpe">Sister Rosetta Tharpe</a>, pioneer of <a href="/wiki/Rock_and_roll" title="Rock and roll">rock and roll</a>, soon emerged from this tradition as the first great gospel recording artist.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first person to introduce ragtime to gospel (and the first to play piano on a gospel recording) was <a href="/wiki/Arizona_Dranes" title="Arizona Dranes">Arizona Dranes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 1930s saw the rise of Black gospel quartets such as the <a href="/wiki/Five_Blind_Boys_of_Mississippi" title="Five Blind Boys of Mississippi">Five Blind Boys of Mississippi</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Five_Blind_Boys_of_Alabama" class="mw-redirect" title="Five Blind Boys of Alabama">Five Blind Boys of Alabama</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to these high–profile quartets, there were many Black gospel musicians performing in the 1920s and 30s, usually playing the guitar and singing in the streets of Southern cities. </p><p>In the 1930s, in Chicago, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_A._Dorsey" title="Thomas A. Dorsey">Thomas A. Dorsey</a> turned to gospel music, establishing a publishing house.<sup id="cite_ref-Malone_523_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Malone_523-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has been said that 1930 was the year traditional black gospel music began, as the National Baptist Convention first publicly endorsed the music at its 1930 meeting.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dorsey was responsible for developing the musical careers of many African–American artists, such as Mahalia Jackson (best known for her rendition of his "<a href="/wiki/Take_My_Hand,_Precious_Lord" title="Take My Hand, Precious Lord">Precious Lord, Take My Hand</a>").<sup id="cite_ref-Malone_523_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Malone_523-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Meanwhile, radio continued to develop an audience for gospel music, a fact that was commemorated in <a href="/wiki/Albert_E._Brumley" title="Albert E. Brumley">Albert E. Brumley</a>'s 1937 song, "Turn Your Radio On" (which is still being published in gospel song books). (In 1972, a recording of "<a href="/wiki/Turn_Your_Radio_On_(album)#Charts" title="Turn Your Radio On (album)">Turn Your Radio On</a>" by the Lewis Family was nominated for <a href="/wiki/Dove_Awards_of_1972#Award_recipients" class="mw-redirect" title="Dove Awards of 1972">Gospel Song of the Year</a>.)<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Soul Stirrers introduced R.H. Harris, Sam Cooke, and Johnnie Taylor. <a href="/wiki/Sensational_Nightingales" title="Sensational Nightingales">Sensational Nightingales</a>, Swan Silvertones, the Soul Stirrers, The Blind Boys of Alabama,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Five Blind Boys of Mississippi and the Dixie Hummingbirds were popular in afroamerican gospel fans. </p><p>In 1964, the <a href="/wiki/Gospel_Music_Association" title="Gospel Music Association">Gospel Music Association</a> was established, which in turn began the <a href="/wiki/GMA_Dove_Award" title="GMA Dove Award">Dove Awards</a> (in 1969) and the <a href="/wiki/Gospel_Music_Hall_of_Fame" title="Gospel Music Hall of Fame">Gospel Music Hall of Fame</a> (in 1972). Both of the latter two groups began primarily for Southern gospel performers, but in the late 1970s, began including artists of other subgenres, which brought in many Black artists.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also in 1969, <a href="/wiki/James_Cleveland" title="James Cleveland">James Cleveland</a> established the <a href="/wiki/Gospel_Music_Workshop_of_America" title="Gospel Music Workshop of America">Gospel Music Workshop of America</a>, a Black gospel outlet. </p><p>Late 20th–century musicians such as <a href="/wiki/Elvis_Presley" title="Elvis Presley">Elvis Presley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Lee_Lewis" title="Jerry Lee Lewis">Jerry Lee Lewis</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/The_Blackwood_Brothers" title="The Blackwood Brothers">Blackwood Brothers</a> were also known for their gospel influences and recordings.<sup id="cite_ref-Malone_521_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Malone_521-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Contemporary_Black_gospel_and_gospel_rap_(1970s–present)"><span id="Contemporary_Black_gospel_and_gospel_rap_.281970s.E2.80.93present.29"></span>Contemporary Black gospel and gospel rap (1970s–present)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gospel_music&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Contemporary Black gospel and gospel rap (1970s–present)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Urban_contemporary_gospel" title="Urban contemporary gospel">Urban contemporary gospel</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Urban_contemporary_gospel" title="Urban contemporary gospel">Urban contemporary gospel</a> emerged in the late 1960s and early 70s with Edwin Hawkis Singers highly popular "Oh Happy Day" which is still performed worldwide in the 2000s. Artists such as James Cleveland, Aretha Franklin, the Clark Sisters, and <a href="/wiki/Andra%C3%A9_Crouch" title="Andraé Crouch">Andraé Crouch</a> followed them. And this pattern would repeat itself in subsequent decades, with new artists like <a href="/wiki/Yolanda_Adams" title="Yolanda Adams">Yolanda Adams</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kirk_Franklin" title="Kirk Franklin">Kirk Franklin</a> making increasingly more bold forays into the secular world with their musical stylings. The current sphere of Black gospel recording artists is almost exclusively of the urban contemporary bent. </p><p>Also of note is the rise of <a href="/wiki/Christian_hip_hop" title="Christian hip hop">Christian (or gospel) rap/hip–hop</a>, which has gained increasing popularity since the days of the <a href="/wiki/Gospel_Gangstaz" title="Gospel Gangstaz">Gospel Gangstaz</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Cross_Movement" title="The Cross Movement">The Cross Movement</a>. Often considered a subgenre of urban contemporary gospel, Christian rap has become dominated in present times by artists from <a href="/wiki/Reach_Records" title="Reach Records">Reach Records</a>, who have seen perhaps the most commercial success of any artists in the gospel genre; <a href="/wiki/Lecrae" title="Lecrae">Lecrae</a> (the label's founder and preeminent artist) has charted in the top 10 of on the <a href="/wiki/Billboard_200" title="Billboard 200">Billboard 200</a> three times, with his 2014 album <a href="/wiki/Anomaly_(Lecrae_album)" title="Anomaly (Lecrae album)">"Anomaly"</a> debuting at No. 1. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Subgenres">Subgenres</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gospel_music&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Subgenres"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output 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.sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">This article is a part in a series on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gospel music</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ChristianitySymbolWhite.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/ChristianitySymbolWhite.PNG/75px-ChristianitySymbolWhite.PNG" decoding="async" width="75" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/ChristianitySymbolWhite.PNG/113px-ChristianitySymbolWhite.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/ChristianitySymbolWhite.PNG/150px-ChristianitySymbolWhite.PNG 2x" data-file-width="164" data-file-height="201" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Roots and beginnings</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Hymn#Christian_tradition" title="Hymn">Christian Hymns</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Spiritual_(music)" class="mw-redirect" title="Spiritual (music)">Negro Spirituals</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Harp" title="Sacred Harp">Sacred Harp</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Shape_note" title="Shape note">Shape note</a></dd></dl></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Genres and subgenres</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Southern_Gospel" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Gospel">Southern Gospel</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Gospel_blues" title="Gospel blues">Gospel blues</a></dd> <dd>Bluegrass gospel</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Christian_country_music" title="Christian country music">Christian country music</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Christian_country_music" title="Christian country music">Country Gospel</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Progressive_Southern_Gospel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Progressive Southern Gospel (page does not exist)">Progressive Southern Gospel</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Urban_contemporary_gospel" title="Urban contemporary gospel">Urban contemporary gospel</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Christian_hip_hop" title="Christian hip hop">Christian hip hop</a></dd></dl></dd></dl></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Related music genres</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Christian_music" title="Contemporary Christian music">CCM</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Soul_music" title="Soul music">Soul</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Southern_soul" title="Southern soul">Southern soul</a></dd></dl></dd></dl></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Associations and groups</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Gospel_Music_Hall_of_Fame" title="Gospel Music Hall of Fame">Gospel Music Hall of Fame</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Gospel_Music_Workshop_of_America" title="Gospel Music Workshop of America">Gospel Music Workshop of America</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/National_Gospel_Singing_Convention" title="National Gospel Singing Convention">National Gospel Singing Convention</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/National_Quartet_Convention" title="National Quartet Convention">National Quartet Convention</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Australian_Gospel_Music_Association&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Australian Gospel Music Association (page does not exist)">Australian Gospel Music Association</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/GMA_Canada" title="GMA Canada">GMA Canada</a></dd></dl></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Awards</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/GMA_Dove_Awards" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA Dove Awards">GMA Dove Awards</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Stellar_Awards" title="Stellar Awards">Stellar Awards</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Covenant_Awards" title="Covenant Awards">Covenant Awards</a></dd></dl></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below hlist"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Gospel_music" title="Category:Gospel music">Category</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_gospel_musicians" title="List of gospel musicians">Musicians</a></b></li></ul> <p>See also: </p> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a>: <a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Portal</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Christianity" title="Category:Christianity">Category</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Christian_music" title="Category:Christian music">Category</a></span></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Gospel_music_articles" title="Template:Gospel music articles"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Gospel_music_articles" title="Template talk:Gospel music articles"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Gospel_music_articles" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Gospel music articles"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Black_gospel">Black gospel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gospel_music&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Black gospel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Traditional">Traditional</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gospel_music&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Traditional"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Traditional_black_gospel" title="Traditional black gospel">Traditional black gospel</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Traditional_black_gospel" title="Traditional black gospel">Traditional Black gospel</a> music is the most well–known form, often seen in Black churches, non–Black Pentecostal and <a href="/wiki/Evangelicalism" title="Evangelicalism">evangelical</a> churches, and in entertainment spaces across the country and world. It originates from the <a href="/wiki/Southeastern_United_States" title="Southeastern United States">Southeastern United States</a> ("the South"), where most Black Americans lived prior to the <a href="/wiki/Great_Migration_(African_American)" title="Great Migration (African American)">Great Migration</a>. This music was highly influenced by the hymnody of the spirituals and of Watts and, later, the musical style and vision of Dorsey. Whereas northern Black churches did not at first welcome Dorsey's music (having become accustomed to their own more Eurocentric flavorings), after the Southern migrants' new churches became more popular, so did gospel music, gospel choirs, and the general trend toward exclusive use of this music in Black churches. Dorsey, Whitney Houston, Mahalia Jackson, the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_Mass_Choir" title="Mississippi Mass Choir">Mississippi Mass Choir</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Georgia_Mass_Choir" title="Georgia Mass Choir">Georgia Mass Choir</a> are but a few notable examples. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Urban_contemporary">Urban contemporary</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gospel_music&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Urban contemporary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Urban_contemporary_gospel" title="Urban contemporary gospel">Urban contemporary gospel</a></div> <p>Developing out of the fusion of traditional Black gospel with the styles of <a href="/wiki/Urban_contemporary" class="mw-redirect" title="Urban contemporary">secular Black music</a> popular in the 70s and 80s, <a href="/wiki/Urban_contemporary_gospel" title="Urban contemporary gospel">Urban Contemporary gospel</a> is the most common form of recorded gospel music today. It relies heavily on rhythms and instrumentation common in the secular music of the contemporary era (often including the use of electronic beats), while still incorporating the themes and heritage of the traditional Black gospel genre. <a href="/wiki/Kirk_Franklin" title="Kirk Franklin">Kirk Franklin</a> is the foremost (and by far the bestselling) individual in this genre, while Andrae Crouch, <a href="/wiki/The_Clark_Sisters" title="The Clark Sisters">the Clark Sisters</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mary_Mary" title="Mary Mary">Mary Mary</a>, and Yolanda Adams are also very popular and noteworthy.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="British">British</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gospel_music&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: British"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>British black gospel refers to gospel music of the <a href="/wiki/African_diaspora" title="African diaspora">African diaspora</a> in the UK. It is also often referred to as "UK gospel".<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The distinctive sound is heavily influenced by UK street culture with many artists from the African and Caribbean majority black churches in the UK.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The genre has gained recognition in various awards such as the GEM (Gospel Entertainment Music) Awards,<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/MOBO_Awards" title="MOBO Awards">MOBO Awards</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Urban_Music_Awards" title="Urban Music Awards">Urban Music Awards</a><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and has its own <a href="/wiki/Official_Christian_%26_Gospel_Albums_Chart" class="mw-redirect" title="Official Christian & Gospel Albums Chart">Official Christian & Gospel Albums Chart</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Southern_gospel_music">Southern gospel music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gospel_music&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Southern gospel music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Southern_gospel" title="Southern gospel">Southern gospel</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Southern_gospel" title="Southern gospel">Southern gospel</a> music comes from the Southeastern United States and is similar in sound to Christian country music, but it sometimes known as "quartet music" for its traditional "four men and a piano" set up. The genre, while remaining predominantly White, began to integrate Black gospel stylings in the 1960s.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has evolved over the years into a popular form of music across the United States and overseas, especially among <a href="/wiki/Baby_boomers" title="Baby boomers">baby boomers</a> and those living in the South. Like other forms of music the creation, performance, significance, and even the definition of southern gospel varies according to culture and social context. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Christian_country_music">Christian country music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gospel_music&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Christian country music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Christian_country_music" title="Christian country music">Christian country music</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Christian_country_music" title="Christian country music">Christian country music</a>, sometimes referred to as country gospel music, is a subgenre of gospel music with a country flair, is also known as inspirational country. Webb Pierce, <a href="/wiki/The_Oak_Ridge_Boys" title="The Oak Ridge Boys">the Oak Ridge Boys</a> and Granpa Jones recorded Christian country music records. Christian country over the years has progressed into a mainstream country sound with inspirational or positive country lyrics. In the mid–1990s, Christian country hit its highest popularity. This popularity was such that mainstream artists like <a href="/wiki/Larry_Gatlin" title="Larry Gatlin">Larry Gatlin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Daniels" title="Charlie Daniels">Charlie Daniels</a> and <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Mandrell" title="Barbara Mandrell">Barbara Mandrell</a>, just to name a few, began recording music that had this positive Christian country flair. These mainstream artists have now become award winners in this genre.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Comparison_to_other_hymnody">Comparison to other hymnody</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gospel_music&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Comparison to other hymnody"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some proponents of "standard" hymns generally dislike gospel music of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, believing that it emphasizes emotion over doctrine. For example, Patrick and Sydnor complain that commercial success led to a proliferation of such music, and "deterioration, even in a standard which to begin with was not high, resulted."<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They went on to say, "there is no doubt that a deterioration in taste follows the use of this type of hymn and tune; it fosters an attachment to the trivial and sensational which dulls and often destroys sense of the dignity and beauty which best befit the song that is used in the service of God."<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Gold reviewed the issue in 1958, and collected a number of quotations similar to the complaints of Patrick and Sydnor. However, he also provided this quotation: "Gospel hymnody has the distinction of being America's most typical contribution to Christian song. As such, it is valid in its inspiration and in its employment."<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Gold_70_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gold_70-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Today, with historical distance, there is a greater acceptance of such gospel songs into official denominational hymnals. For example, the <a href="/wiki/United_Methodist_Church" title="United Methodist Church">United Methodist Church</a> made this acceptance explicit in <i>The Faith We Sing</i>, a 2000 supplement to the official denominational hymnal. In the preface, the editors say, "Experience has shown that some older treasures were missed when the current hymnals were compiled."<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gospel_music&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gospel_Music_Hall_of_Fame" title="Gospel Music Hall of Fame">Gospel Music Hall of Fame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_gospel_musicians" title="List of gospel musicians">List of gospel musicians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phillip_Paul_Bliss_House" title="Phillip Paul Bliss House">Phillip Paul Bliss House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soul_music" title="Soul music">Soul music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellar_Awards" title="Stellar Awards">Stellar Awards</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gospel_music&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Gospel_History_Timeline-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gospel_History_Timeline_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100921215142/http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/gmha/controller/timeline.htm">"Gospel History Timeline"</a>. University of Southern California. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/gmha/controller/timeline.htm">the original</a> on September 21, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 31,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gospel+History+Timeline&rft.pub=University+of+Southern+California&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdigitallibrary.usc.edu%2Fgmha%2Fcontroller%2Ftimeline.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGospel+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jackson,_Joyce_Marie_1995-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jackson,_Joyce_Marie_1995_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jackson, Joyce Marie. "The changing nature of gospel music: A southern case study." <i>African American Review</i> 29.2 (1995): 185. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. October 5, 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Malone_520-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Malone_520_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Malone_520_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Malone_520_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMalone1984">Malone (1984)</a>, p. 520</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Malone_523-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Malone_523_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Malone_523_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Malone_523_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMalone1984">Malone (1984)</a>, p. 523</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-McGuinness_2022-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-McGuinness_2022_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcGuinness2022" class="citation web cs1">McGuinness, Paul (August 26, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.udiscovermusic.com/in-depth-features/gospel-influenced-rhythm-n-blues/">"A Change Is Gonna Come: How Gospel Gave Birth To Soul"</a>. <i>uDiscover Music</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 13,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=uDiscover+Music&rft.atitle=A+Change+Is+Gonna+Come%3A+How+Gospel+Gave+Birth+To+Soul&rft.date=2022-08-26&rft.aulast=McGuinness&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.udiscovermusic.com%2Fin-depth-features%2Fgospel-influenced-rhythm-n-blues%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGospel+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurnim1980" class="citation journal cs1">Burnim, Mellonee (1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/779294">"Gospel Music Research"</a>. <i>Black Music Research Journal</i>. <b>1</b>: 63–70. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F779294">10.2307/779294</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0276-3605">0276-3605</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/779294">779294</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Black+Music+Research+Journal&rft.atitle=Gospel+Music+Research&rft.volume=1&rft.pages=63-70&rft.date=1980&rft.issn=0276-3605&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F779294%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F779294&rft.aulast=Burnim&rft.aufirst=Mellonee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F779294&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGospel+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/subgenre/gospel-ma0000002622">Gospel</a> allmusic Retrieved 20 November 2024</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/charles-mackintosh-chemist-waterproof-google-doodle-scotland-inventions-innovation-bicycles-a7499911.html">"From Charles Mackintosh's waterproof to Dolly the sheep: 43 innovations Scotland has given the world"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a></i>. January 3, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=From+Charles+Mackintosh%27s+waterproof+to+Dolly+the+sheep%3A+43+innovations+Scotland+has+given+the+world&rft.date=2016-01-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fhome-news%2Fcharles-mackintosh-chemist-waterproof-google-doodle-scotland-inventions-innovation-bicycles-a7499911.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGospel+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://songsandhymns.org/people/detail/isaac-watts">"Isaac Watts – The Center For Church Music, Songs and Hymns"</a>. <i>Songsandhymns.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Songsandhymns.org&rft.atitle=Isaac+Watts+%E2%80%93+The+Center+For+Church+Music%2C+Songs+and+Hymns&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsongsandhymns.org%2Fpeople%2Fdetail%2Fisaac-watts&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGospel+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChrist-JanerHughesSmith1980">Christ-Janer, Hughes & Smith (1980)</a>, p. 364</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Benson, Louis F. <i>The English Hymn: Its Development and Use in Worship.</i> New York: George H. Doran Co., 1915, p. 486. Several sources cite the Bliss and Sankey 1875 publication as the first to use the word "gospel" in this sense. For example, <a href="#CITEREFMalone1984">Malone (1984)</a>, p. 520.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hall, Jacob Henry. <i>Biography of Gospel Song and Hymn Writers</i>. New York: Fleming H. Revell Company, 1914, provides contemporary information about songwriters, composers and publishers.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See also <a href="/wiki/Charles_Davis_Tillman" title="Charles Davis Tillman">Charles Davis Tillman</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Malone_521-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Malone_521_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Malone_521_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMalone1984">Malone (1984)</a>, p. 521</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130208060554/https://www.pbs.org/black-culture/shows/list/rock-and-roll-rosetta-tharpe/">"Godmother of Rock and Roll: Sister Rosetta Tharpe"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/black-culture/shows/list/rock-and-roll-rosetta-tharpe/">the original</a> on February 8, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 8,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PBS&rft.atitle=Godmother+of+Rock+and+Roll%3A+Sister+Rosetta+Tharpe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fblack-culture%2Fshows%2Flist%2Frock-and-roll-rosetta-tharpe%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGospel+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.patheos.com/Resources/Additional-Resources/COGIC-Women-in-Gospel-Music.html">"COGIC Women in Gospel Music on Patheos"</a>. <i>Patheos.com</i>. June 10, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 2,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Patheos.com&rft.atitle=COGIC+Women+in+Gospel+Music+on+Patheos&rft.date=2009-06-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.patheos.com%2FResources%2FAdditional-Resources%2FCOGIC-Women-in-Gospel-Music.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGospel+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMalone1984">Malone (1984)</a>, p. 522</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSouthern1997">Southern (1997)</a>, p. 484</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"The Gospel Music Association's Dove Awards Nominations for the Gospel Song of 1972", <a href="/wiki/Canaan_Records" title="Canaan Records">Canaan Records</a> (Waco, Texas) CAS-9732-LP Stereo.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/music/after-75-years-of-touring-the-blind-boys-of-alabama-are-still-reaping-blessings/2017/03/15/76e2eba2-0809-11e7-a15f-a58d4a988474_story.html">After 75 years of touring, the Blind Boys of Alabama are still reaping blessings</a> The Washington Post. Retrieved 30 November 2024</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMalone1984">Malone (1984)</a>, p. 524</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFarrant2023" class="citation web cs1">Farrant, Dan (October 11, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hellomusictheory.com/learn/famous-gospel-singers">"28 Of The Greatest And Most Famous Gospel Singers Of All Time"</a>. <i>Hello Music Theory</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230919024623/https://hellomusictheory.com/learn/famous-gospel-singers/">Archived</a> from the original on September 19, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hello+Music+Theory&rft.atitle=28+Of+The+Greatest+And+Most+Famous+Gospel+Singers+Of+All+Time&rft.date=2023-10-11&rft.aulast=Farrant&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhellomusictheory.com%2Flearn%2Ffamous-gospel-singers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGospel+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120830005344/http://www.bbc.co.uk:80/religion/religions/christianity/music/gospel_1.shtml">"Gospel music"</a>. BBC. July 11, 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/christianity/music/gospel_1.shtml">the original</a> on August 30, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gospel+music&rft.pub=BBC&rft.date=2011-07-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Freligion%2Freligions%2Fchristianity%2Fmusic%2Fgospel_1.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGospel+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2009" class="citation book cs1">Smith, Steve Alexander (2009). <i>British Black Gospel: Foundations of this vibrant UK sound</i>. Monarch Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781854248961" title="Special:BookSources/9781854248961"><bdi>9781854248961</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=British+Black+Gospel%3A+Foundations+of+this+vibrant+UK+sound&rft.pub=Monarch+Books&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9781854248961&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Steve+Alexander&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGospel+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMackay2005" class="citation web cs1">Mackay, Maria (November 4, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.christiantoday.com/article/freddie.kofi.wins.best.male.at.gem.awards/4441.htm">"Freddie Kofi Wins Best Male at GEM Awards"</a>. <i>Christian Today</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Christian+Today&rft.atitle=Freddie+Kofi+Wins+Best+Male+at+GEM+Awards&rft.date=2005-11-04&rft.aulast=Mackay&rft.aufirst=Maria&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.christiantoday.com%2Farticle%2Ffreddie.kofi.wins.best.male.at.gem.awards%2F4441.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGospel+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFN.A.2010" class="citation news cs1">N.A. (October 20, 2010). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/music-news/8076949/Mobo-Awards-2010-The-Winners.html">"Mobo Awards 2010: The Winners"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/music-news/8076949/Mobo-Awards-2010-The-Winners.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 11, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Mobo+Awards+2010%3A+The+Winners&rft.date=2010-10-20&rft.au=N.A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fculture%2Fmusic%2Fmusic-news%2F8076949%2FMobo-Awards-2010-The-Winners.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGospel+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.voice-online.co.uk/article/gospels-lurine-cato-triumphant-mobos">"Gospel's Lurine Cato is triumphant at the MOBOs"</a>. 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October 21, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gospel%27s+Lurine+Cato+is+triumphant+at+the+MOBOs&rft.pub=The+Voice+Online&rft.date=2013-10-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.voice-online.co.uk%2Farticle%2Fgospels-lurine-cato-triumphant-mobos&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGospel+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.urbanmusicawards.net">"Urban Music Awards"</a>. <i>Urbanmusicawards.net</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Urbanmusicawards.net&rft.atitle=Urban+Music+Awards&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.urbanmusicawards.net&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGospel+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.recordoftheday.com/news-and-press/uk-s-first-official-christian-gospel-albums-chart-to-launch-next-week">"UKs first Official Christian & Gospel Albums Chart to launch next week"</a>. <i>Recordoftheday.com</i>. March 14, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Recordoftheday.com&rft.atitle=UKs+first+Official+Christian+%26+Gospel+Albums+Chart+to+launch+next+week&rft.date=2013-03-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.recordoftheday.com%2Fnews-and-press%2Fuk-s-first-official-christian-gospel-albums-chart-to-launch-next-week&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGospel+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoff1998" class="citation journal cs1">Goff, James R. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 11,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tollbooth.org&rft.atitle=Larry+Gatlin+nominated+for+Christian+Country+Album+of+the+Year&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tollbooth.org%2Fnew%2Fnews%2F99list.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGospel+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150225093800/http://www.countrygospelmusic.com/platinumheart.htm">"Barbara Mandrell inducted into the Country Gospel Music Hall of Fame"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.countrygospelmusic.com/platinumheart.htm">the original</a> on February 25, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Barbara+Mandrell+inducted+into+the+Country+Gospel+Music+Hall+of+Fame&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.countrygospelmusic.com%2Fplatinumheart.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGospel+music" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPatrick1962">Patrick (1962)</a>, p. 171</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPatrick1962">Patrick (1962)</a>, p. 172</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stevenson, Robert. <i>Religion in Life</i>, Winter, 1950–51<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (January 2018)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gold_70-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gold_70_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gold, Charles E. "The Gospel Song: Contemporary Opinion", <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hymn_(journal)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Hymn (journal)">The Hymn</a></i>. v. 9, no. 3 (July 1958), p. 70.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hickman, Hoyt L., ed. "Introduction", <i>The Faith We Sing</i> (Nashville, Tennessee: Abingdon Press, 2000).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (January 2018)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gospel_music&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChrist-JanerHughesSmith1980" class="citation book cs1">Christ-Janer, Albert; Hughes, Charles W.; Smith, Carleton Sprague (1980). <i>American Hymns Old and New</i>. New York: Columbia University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Hymns+Old+and+New&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=1980&rft.aulast=Christ-Janer&rft.aufirst=Albert&rft.au=Hughes%2C+Charles+W.&rft.au=Smith%2C+Carleton+Sprague&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGospel+music" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMalone1984" class="citation book cs1">Malone, Bill C. (1984). "Music, Religious, of the Protestant South". In Samuel S. Hill (ed.). <i>Encyclopedia of Religion in the South</i>. Mercer University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Music%2C+Religious%2C+of+the+Protestant+South&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Religion+in+the+South&rft.pub=Mercer+University+Press&rft.date=1984&rft.aulast=Malone&rft.aufirst=Bill+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGospel+music" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPatrick1962" class="citation book cs1">Patrick, Millar (1962). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/storyofchurchs00patr"><i>The Story of the Church's Song</i></a></span>. Revised by James Rawlings Sydnor. Richmond, Virginia: John Knox Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Story+of+the+Church%27s+Song&rft.place=Richmond%2C+Virginia&rft.pub=John+Knox+Press&rft.date=1962&rft.aulast=Patrick&rft.aufirst=Millar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fstoryofchurchs00patr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGospel+music" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSouthern1997" class="citation book cs1">Southern, Eileen (1997). <i>The Music of Black Americans: a History</i> (3rd ed.). New York: W. W. Norton.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Music+of+Black+Americans%3A+a+History&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=W.+W.+Norton&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=Southern&rft.aufirst=Eileen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGospel+music" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gospel_music&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right listen noprint"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg/50px-Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg/75px-Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg/100px-Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="listen-header">Selection of gospel music collected by the Library of Congress in 1943</div> <div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Golden_Jubilee_Quartet_-_Oh_Jonah.ogg" title="File:The Golden Jubilee Quartet - Oh Jonah.ogg">Oh Jonah!</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="177" data-mwtitle="The_Golden_Jubilee_Quartet_-_Oh_Jonah.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/The_Golden_Jubilee_Quartet_-_Oh_Jonah.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/65/The_Golden_Jubilee_Quartet_-_Oh_Jonah.ogg/The_Golden_Jubilee_Quartet_-_Oh_Jonah.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description">Sung by the Golden Jubilee Quartet</div></div><hr /><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Cochran_Field_Singers_-_My_Lord_Is_Writin%27.ogg" title="File:Cochran Field Singers - My Lord Is Writin'.ogg">My Lord Is Writin'</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_1" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="138" data-mwtitle="Cochran_Field_Singers_-_My_Lord_Is_Writin'.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5b/Cochran_Field_Singers_-_My_Lord_Is_Writin%27.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5b/Cochran_Field_Singers_-_My_Lord_Is_Writin%27.ogg/Cochran_Field_Singers_-_My_Lord_Is_Writin%27.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description">Sung by the Cochran Field Singers</div></div><hr /><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Middle_Georgia_Singers_-_Death_is_an_Awful_Thing.ogg" title="File:Middle Georgia Singers - Death is an Awful Thing.ogg">Death is an Awful Thing</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_2" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="98" data-mwtitle="Middle_Georgia_Singers_-_Death_is_an_Awful_Thing.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/Middle_Georgia_Singers_-_Death_is_an_Awful_Thing.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f4/Middle_Georgia_Singers_-_Death_is_an_Awful_Thing.ogg/Middle_Georgia_Singers_-_Death_is_an_Awful_Thing.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description">Sung by the Middle Georgia Singers</div></div><hr /><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Bertha_Houston_-_We_are_Americans,_Praise_the_Lord.ogg" title="File:Bertha Houston - We are Americans, Praise the Lord.ogg">We are Americans, Praise the Lord</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_3" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="132" data-mwtitle="Bertha_Houston_-_We_are_Americans,_Praise_the_Lord.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/Bertha_Houston_-_We_are_Americans%2C_Praise_the_Lord.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/Bertha_Houston_-_We_are_Americans%2C_Praise_the_Lord.ogg/Bertha_Houston_-_We_are_Americans%2C_Praise_the_Lord.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description">Sung by Bertha Houston and her congregation (with a few topical verses on <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>)</div></div><hr /><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Four_Brothers_-_Death_Come_a-Knockin%27.ogg" title="File:The Four Brothers - Death Come a-Knockin'.ogg">Death Come a-Knockin'</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_4" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="76" data-mwtitle="The_Four_Brothers_-_Death_Come_a-Knockin'.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/95/The_Four_Brothers_-_Death_Come_a-Knockin%27.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/The_Four_Brothers_-_Death_Come_a-Knockin%27.ogg/The_Four_Brothers_-_Death_Come_a-Knockin%27.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description">Sung by The Four Brothers</div></div><hr /><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Spiritual_Four_Quartet_-_John_the_Revelator.ogg" title="File:The Spiritual Four Quartet - John the Revelator.ogg">John the Revelator</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_5" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="172" data-mwtitle="The_Spiritual_Four_Quartet_-_John_the_Revelator.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2c/The_Spiritual_Four_Quartet_-_John_the_Revelator.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2c/The_Spiritual_Four_Quartet_-_John_the_Revelator.ogg/The_Spiritual_Four_Quartet_-_John_the_Revelator.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description">Sung by the Spiritual Four Quartet: Edward Bond, Cleve Parker, James Bond, and Elwood Gaines</div></div></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><hr /><i class="selfreference">Problems playing these files? See <a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">media help</a>.</i></div> </div> <ul><li>Allen, Ray. <i>Singing in the Spirit: African-American Sacred Quartets in New York City</i>, in series, <i>Publication[s] of the American Folklore Society: New Series</i>. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1991. xx,[2], 268 p., ill. with b&w photos. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8122-1331-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-8122-1331-9">0-8122-1331-9</a> pbk.</li> <li>Barlow, Sanna Morrison. <i>Mountain Singing: the Story of Gospel Recordings in the Philippines</i>. Hong Kong: Alliance Press, 1952. 352 p.</li> <li>Blackwell, Lois. <i>The Wings of a Dove: The Story of Gospel Music in America.</i> Norfolk: Donning, 1978.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="Please supply an ISBN for this book.">ISBN missing</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>Boyer, Horace Clarence. <i>How Sweet the Sound: The Golden Age of Gospel</i>. Elliott and Clark, 1995. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-252-06877-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-252-06877-7">0-252-06877-7</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viv_Broughton" title="Viv Broughton">Broughton, Viv</a>. <i>Too Close to Heaven: The Illustrated History of Gospel Music</i>. Midnight Books, 1996. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-900516-00-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-900516-00-4">1-900516-00-4</a>.</li> <li>Albert E Brumley & Sons. <i>The Best of Albert E. Brumley</i>. Gospel Songs, 1966, paperback Amazing Grace <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="Please supply an ISBN for this book.">ISBN missing</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>Cleall, Charles. <i>Sixty Songs From Sankey</i>. London: Marshall, Morgan and Scott, 1960.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Collins, Irma H. (2013). <i>Dictionary of Music Education</i>. Maryland: Scarecrow Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Music+Education&rft.place=Maryland&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=Irma+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGospel+music" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Cusic, Don. <i>The Sound of Light: a History of Gospel Music</i>. Bowling Green, Ohio: Bowling Green State University Popular Press, 1990. iv, 267 p. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0879724986" title="Special:BookSources/0879724986">0879724986</a> pbk.</li> <li>Darden, Robert. <i>People Get Ready: A New History of Black Gospel Music</i>. Continuum International Publishing Group, 2005, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8264-1752-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-8264-1752-3">0-8264-1752-3</a>.</li> <li>Downey, James C. <i>The Gospel Hymn 1875–1930</i>. University of Southern Mississippi, MA,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="MA? Thesis? (March 2021)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> 1963.</li> <li>Eskew, Harry. "Gospel Music, I" in <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Grove_Dictionary_of_Music_and_Musicians" title="The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians">The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians</a></i> (1980), VII, 549–554.</li> <li>Hanson, Kenneth, <i>The Hymnody and Hymnals of the Restoration Movement</i>. Butler University, BD,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="BD? Bachelor of Divinity? (March 2021)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> 1951.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Heilbut" title="Anthony Heilbut">Heilbut, Tony</a>, <i>The Gospel Sound: Good News and Bad Times</i>, Limelight Editions, 1997, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87910-034-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-87910-034-6">0-87910-034-6</a>.</li> <li>McNeil, W. K., ed. <i>Encyclopedia of American Gospel Music.</i> Routledge, 2005. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-415-94179-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-415-94179-2">0-415-94179-2</a>.</li> <li>Marovich, Robert M., <i>A City Called Heaven: Chicago and the Birth of Gospel Music.</i> Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2015. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0252080692" title="Special:BookSources/978-0252080692">978-0252080692</a>.</li> <li>Mungons, Kevin and Douglas Yeo, <i>Homer Rodeheaver and the Rise of the Gospel Music Industry.</i> Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2021. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0252085833" title="Special:BookSources/978-0252085833">978-0252085833</a>.</li> <li>Stevenson, Arthur L. <i>The Story of Southern Hymnology.</i> Roanoke, Virginia: Stone Printing and Manufacturing, 1931.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Zolten" title="Jerry Zolten">Zolten, Jerry</a>. <i>Great God A' Mighty!: The Dixie Hummingbirds – Celebrating The Rise of Soul Gospel Music.</i> Oxford University Press, 2003. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-515272-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-515272-7">0-19-515272-7</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Archival_sources">Archival sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gospel_music&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Archival sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/p15799coll9">USC Gospel Music History Archive</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://findingaids.library.columbia.edu/ead/nnc-rb/ldpd_9033142">Finding aid to Camille Taylor collection of Black Music Caucus Gospel Choir Competition recordings at Columbia University. Rare Book & Manuscript Library.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digitalcommons.colum.edu/cmbr_guides/20/">Guide to the Gospel Sheet Music Collection</a>, Center for Black Music Research, Columbia College Chicago</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gospel_music&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and 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href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Gospel_music" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Gospel music">Gospel music</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-External_links plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-external_links" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section's <b>use of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links" title="Wikipedia:External links">external links</a> may not follow Wikipedia's policies or guidelines</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gospel_music&action=edit">improve this article</a> by removing <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#Wikipedia_is_not_a_mirror_or_a_repository_of_links,_images,_or_media_files" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">excessive</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links" title="Wikipedia:External links">inappropriate</a> external links, and converting useful links where appropriate into <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">footnote references</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2019</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Professional_organizations">Professional organizations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gospel_music&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Professional organizations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gospelmusic.org/">Gospel Music Association</a> – Acknowledges all forms of gospel/Christian music</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gospelviu.net/">Gospel Viu – Gospel Without Borders</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gospelwire.com/">Gospel Wire</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210725200229/http://gospelwire.com/">Archived</a> July 25, 2021, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> – Primarily urban contemporary gospel</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pacificgospel.com/">Pacific Gospel Music Association</a> – Known for Southern gospel</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sgma.org/">Southern Gospel Music Association</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fln.sk">Festival Lumen – the biggest gospel music festival in central Europe</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Media_outlets">Media outlets</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gospel_music&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Media outlets"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.blackfamilychannel.com/">Black Family Channel</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bobbyjonesgospel.com/">Bobby Jones Gospel</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbn.com/">Christian Broadcasting Network</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.daystar.com/">Daystar Television Network</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gospelmusicchannel.com/">Gospel Music Channel</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.insp.com/">The Inspirational Network</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tbn.org/">Trinity Broadcasting Network</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox 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.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Christian_music" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Christian_music" title="Template:Christian music"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Christian_music" title="Template talk:Christian music"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Christian_music" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Christian music"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Christian_music" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Christian_music" title="Christian music">Christian music</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Roots and beginnings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Homophony" title="Homophony">Homophony</a> vs. <a href="/wiki/Polyphony#European_polyphony" title="Polyphony">Polyphony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chorale" title="Chorale">Chorale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hymn" title="Hymn">Hymn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hymn_tune#The_Reformation" title="Hymn tune">Hymn tune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hymnody_of_continental_Europe" title="Hymnody of continental Europe">Hymnody of continental Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exclusive_psalmody" title="Exclusive psalmody">Exclusive psalmody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_music" title="Jesus music">Jesus music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Harp" title="Sacred Harp">Sacred Harp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shape_note" title="Shape note">Shape note</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirituals" title="Spirituals">Spirituals</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ChristianitySymbolWhite.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/ChristianitySymbolWhite.svg/75px-ChristianitySymbolWhite.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/ChristianitySymbolWhite.svg/113px-ChristianitySymbolWhite.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/ChristianitySymbolWhite.svg/150px-ChristianitySymbolWhite.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="162" data-file-height="266" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Modern genres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_adult_contemporary" title="Christian adult contemporary">Christian adult contemporary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Christian_music" title="Contemporary Christian music">Contemporary Christian music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_worship_music" title="Contemporary worship music">Contemporary worship music</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gospel music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neues_Geistliches_Lied" title="Neues Geistliches Lied">Neues Geistliches Lied</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_(music)" title="Mass (music)">Mass (music)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fusion genres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_country_music" title="Christian country music">Christian country music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_electronic_dance_music" title="Christian electronic dance music">Christian electronic dance music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_hip_hop" title="Christian hip hop">Christian hip hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_R%26B" title="Christian R&B">Christian R&B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_rock" title="Christian rock">Christian rock</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_alternative_rock" title="Christian alternative rock">Christian alternative rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_metal" title="Christian metal">Christian metal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unblack_metal" title="Unblack metal">Unblack metal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_punk" title="Christian punk">Christian punk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_hardcore" title="Christian hardcore">Christian hardcore</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_ska" title="Christian ska">Christian ska</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospel_blues" title="Gospel blues">Gospel blues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospel_reggae" title="Gospel reggae">Gospel reggae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_Christian_music" title="Latin Christian music">Latin Christian music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_gospel" title="Southern gospel">Southern gospel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Gospel_music" title="Black Gospel music">Black Gospel music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_black_gospel" title="Traditional black gospel">Traditional</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_contemporary_gospel" title="Urban contemporary gospel">Urban contemporary gospel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chant</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chant" title="Template:Chant"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chant" title="Template talk:Chant"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chant" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chant"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Christian_liturgical_chant" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Christian_liturgy" title="Christian liturgy">Christian liturgical</a> <a href="/wiki/Chant" title="Chant">chant</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Christianity" title="Eastern Christianity">Eastern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_chant" title="Armenian chant">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_music" title="Byzantine music">Byzantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_music" title="Coptic music">Coptic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_chant" title="Ethiopian chant">Ethiopian and Eritrean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galician_chant" title="Galician chant">Galician</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obikhod" title="Obikhod">Obikhod</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kievan_chant" title="Kievan chant">Kievan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostopinije" title="Prostopinije">Prostopinije</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_chant" class="mw-redirect" title="Syrian chant">Syrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Znamenny_chant" title="Znamenny chant">Znamenny</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Latin_Church" title="Latin Church">Western</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Plainsong" title="Plainsong">Plainsong</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ambrosian_chant" title="Ambrosian chant">Ambrosian</a> (Milanese)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_chant" title="Anglican chant">Anglican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beneventan_chant" title="Beneventan chant">Beneventan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_chant" title="Celtic chant">Celtic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallican_chant" title="Gallican chant">Gallican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gelineau_psalmody" title="Gelineau psalmody">Gelineau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_chant" title="Gregorian chant">Gregorian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozarabic_chant" title="Mozarabic chant">Mozarabic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Roman_chant" title="Old Roman chant">Old Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ravenna_chant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ravenna chant (page does not exist)">Ravenna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Anglican_church_composers" title="List of Anglican church composers">Anglican church composers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_bands_and_artists_by_genre" title="List of Christian bands and artists by genre">Christian bands and artists by genre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_country_artists" title="List of Christian country artists">Christian country artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_hardcore_bands" title="List of Christian hardcore bands">Christian hardcore bands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_rock_bands" title="List of Christian rock bands">Christian rock bands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_metal_artists" title="List of Christian metal artists">Christian metal artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_hip_hop_artists" title="List of Christian hip hop artists">Christian hip hop artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_punk_bands" title="List of Christian punk bands">Christian punk bands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_ska_bands" title="List of Christian ska bands">Christian ska bands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_record_labels" title="List of Christian record labels">Christian record labels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_vocal_artists" title="List of Christian vocal artists">Christian vocal artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_worship_music_artists" title="List of Christian worship music artists">Christian worship music artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_gospel_musicians" title="List of gospel musicians">Gospel musicians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_church_music" title="Anglican church music">Anglican church music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_media" title="Christian media">Christian media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_music_festival" title="Christian music festival">Christian music festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_music_industry" title="Christian music industry">Christian music industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_music" title="Church music">Church music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Catholic_liturgical_music" title="Contemporary Catholic liturgical music">Contemporary Catholic liturgical music</a></li></ul> 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