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Your current IP address is 8.222.208.146. </p> <div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"> <p>Even when blocked, you will <i>usually</i> still be able to edit your <a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Special:MyTalk">user talk page</a>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Emailing_users" title="Wikipedia:Emailing users">email</a> administrators and other editors. </p> </div> <div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"> <p>For information on how to proceed, please read the <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Appealing_a_block#Common_questions" title="Wikipedia:Appealing a block">FAQ for blocked users</a></b> and the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Appealing_a_block" title="Wikipedia:Appealing a block">guideline on block appeals</a>. 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Review the information below for assistance if you do not believe that you have done anything wrong.<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div> <p>This block affects editing on all Wikimedia wikis. </p><p>The IP address or range 8.222.128.0/17 has been globally <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Blocking_policy" title="Wikipedia:Blocking policy">blocked</a> by <a href="/wiki/User:Jon_Kolbert" title="User:Jon Kolbert">‪Jon Kolbert‬</a> for the following reason(s): </p> <div style="padding:10px; background:var(--background-color-base, white); color:inherit; border:1px #666 solid;"> <p><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/NOP" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/NOP">Open proxy/Webhost</a>: See the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WM:OP/H" class="extiw" title="m:WM:OP/H">help page</a> if you are affected </p> </div> <p>This block will expire on 15:12, 27 August 2028. Your current IP address is 8.222.208.146. </p> <div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"> <p>Even while globally blocked, you will <i>usually</i> still be able to edit pages on <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="m:">Meta-Wiki</a>. </p> </div> <div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"> <p>If you believe you were blocked by mistake, you can find additional information and instructions in the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/No_open_proxies" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/No open proxies">No open proxies</a> global policy. Otherwise, to discuss the block please <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Steward_requests/Global" class="extiw" title="m:Steward requests/Global">post a request for review on Meta-Wiki</a>. You could also send an email to the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Stewards" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards">stewards</a> <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/VRT" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/VRT">VRT</a> queue at <kbd>stewards@wikimedia.org</kbd> including all above details. </p> </div> <p>Other useful links: <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_blocks" class="extiw" title="m:Global blocks">Global blocks</a> · <a href="/wiki/Help:I_have_been_blocked" title="Help:I have been blocked">Help:I have been blocked</a> </p> </div></li></ul><hr /> <div id="viewsourcetext">You can view and copy the source of this page:</div><textarea readonly="" accesskey="," id="wpTextbox1" cols="80" rows="25" style="" class="mw-editfont-monospace" lang="en" dir="ltr" name="wpTextbox1">== History == [[File:Bronx transit and landmarks in 1896 (NY Times) - re-tinted Marble Hill detail.png|thumb|left|Detail from an 1896 map, showing Marble Hill (pink) as an island. The bridge originally connected Marble Hill with Inwood (orange). In 1908 the bridge was moved south, connecting Inwood with the Bronx (white) to the east.]] Prior to the construction of the Harlem River Ship Canal, Marble Hill was part of Manhattan Island, and the [[Spuyten Duyvil Creek]] made a tight curve around the northern shore of Marble Hill, connecting the [[Hudson River]] on the west shore of Manhattan Island with [[Harlem River]] on the east shore.<ref name="NYCL p. 2">{{harvnb|Landmarks Preservation Commission|1984|ps=.|p=2}}</ref><ref name="Kadinsky2016" /> Early crossings of the creek included the King's Bridge, opened in 1693,<ref name="Kadinsky2016" /><ref>{{cite web|date=June 30, 2004|title=Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement for the Croton Water Treatment Plant at the Harlem River Site; 7.12: Historic and Archaeological Resources|url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/dep/pdf/croton/7-12resources.pdf#page=5|access-date=January 2, 2017|publisher=[[New York City Department of Environmental Protection]]|archive-date=February 11, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211054643/http://www.nyc.gov/html/dep/pdf/croton/7-12resources.pdf#page=5|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Howe p. 1; NYCL p. 2">{{harvnb|Howe|1910|p=1}}; {{harvnb|Landmarks Preservation Commission|1984|ps=.|p=2}}</ref> and the Free (or Farmers) Bridge, opened in 1759.<ref name="Howe p. 1; NYCL p. 2" /><ref name="NYCPks-SpuytenDuyvilCrk" /><ref>{{cite book|author=[[James Thomas Flexner]]|title=States Dyckman: American Loyalist|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1oleKcuv_UgC&pg=PA12|access-date=January 2, 2017|date=January 1992|publisher=[[Fordham University Press]]|isbn=978-0-8232-1369-6|pages=12–15|archive-date=May 22, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200522142020/https://books.google.com/books?id=1oleKcuv_UgC&pg=PA12|url-status=live}}</ref> Both bridges were relatively narrow; the King's Bridge was {{Convert|24|ft||abbr=}} wide and the Farmers Bridge was {{Convert|18|ft||abbr=}} wide.<ref>{{harvnb|Howe|1910|ps=.|p=1}}</ref> Though plans to connect the Harlem and Hudson rivers with a more straightforward path were proposed in the early 19th century,<ref name="Kadinsky2016">{{cite Hidden Waters NYC|pages=56–57}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|ps=.|Eldredge|Horenstein|2014|p=104}}</ref> construction of the Harlem River Ship Channel did not start until January 1888.<ref>{{harvnb|ps=.|Eldredge|Horenstein|2014|pp=103–105}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cRAsAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA5|title=Harlem River Ship Canal: Letters from Simon Stevens to the Commissioners of the Sinking Fund of the City of New York|date=March 8, 1892|publisher=C. G. Burgoyne, printer|access-date=January 2, 2017}}</ref> Furthermore, as a result of the River and Harbor Act, passed by the [[United States Congress]] in 1890, bridges on the Harlem River with low vertical clearance were to be replaced with those with at least {{Convert|24|ft||abbr=}} of clearance during [[mean high water springs]]. Drawbridges and swing spans were determined to be most suitable for this purpose.<ref name="Burr p. 3" /><ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.loc.gov/law/help/statutes-at-large/51st-congress/session-1/c51s1ch907.pdf|title=51st Congress, Session I, Chapter 907 (Sept. 19, 1890)|author=United States Congress|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|year=1891|series=Revised Statutes of the United States, Passed at the First Session of the Forty-third Congress, 1873–'74: Supplement to the Revised Statutes of the United States. ... Vol.1–2 1874/1891-1901|page=800|access-date=January 5, 2021|archive-date=August 12, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200812110554/https://www.loc.gov/law/help/statutes-at-large/51st-congress/session-1/c51s1ch907.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1890/04/18/archives/low-bridges-wanted-objections-to-the-proposed-harlem-river.html|title=Low Bridges Wanted.; Objections to the Proposed Harlem River Improvements.|date=April 18, 1890|work=The New York Times|access-date=January 6, 2021|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=January 16, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200116000852/https://www.nytimes.com/1890/04/18/archives/low-bridges-wanted-objections-to-the-proposed-harlem-river.html|url-status=live}}</ref> === First span === In accordance with the canal project and the congressional legislation, in 1892, the [[New York City Department of Public Works]] was commissioned to build a bridge connecting Inwood and Marble Hill, which would carry Broadway.<ref name="NYCL p. 2" /><ref>{{cite book | author=New York (N.Y.) | title=The City Record | issue=v. 20, pt. 3 | year=1892 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VbFXAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA2054 | access-date=January 19, 2021 | page=2054 | archive-date=July 4, 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220704200050/https://books.google.com/books?id=VbFXAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA2054 | url-status=live }}</ref> A corresponding state law, passed that April, allocated $400,000 ({{Inflation|index=US-GDP|value=400000|start_year=1892|r=-3|fmt=eq}}{{inflation/fn|US-GDP}}) to the project.<ref name="nyt18920407" /><ref>{{cite news|date=April 10, 1892|title=In the Annexed District: Action on Legislative Bills–Social Entertainment|page=20|work=New-York Tribune|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/573783256|url-access=subscription|access-date=January 25, 2021|id={{ProQuest|573783256}}|via=ProQuest|archive-date=July 7, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220707230524/https://www.proquest.com/docview/573783256|url-status=live}}</ref> The canal was to be opened only after the bridge's abutments were constructed, thus saving the bridge's builders $50,000 ({{Inflation|index=US-GDP|value=50000|start_year=1892|r=-3|fmt=eq}}{{inflation/fn|US-GDP}}) by allowing them to construct the abutments in the dry canal bed.<ref name="nyt18920407">{{Cite news|date=April 7, 1892|title=Some New State Laws.; the Bridge to Be Built Over the Harlem Ship Canal|language=en-US|page=4|work=The New York Times|url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1892/04/07/106887454.pdf|access-date=January 21, 2021|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=July 7, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220707230543/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1892/04/07/106887454.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[New York City Board of Estimate]] approved the Harlem Ship Canal Bridge in February 1893.<ref name="nyt18930201" /> [[William Hubert Burr]], [[Alfred P. Boller]], and George W. Birdsall were named as the bridge's architects, while A. McMullen & Co. was named as contractor.<ref name="NYCL p. 2" /> When the bridge and canal were being constructed, one {{Convert|4|ft|m|-high|abbr=|adj=mid}} dam was placed at each end of the canal; any leaks were pumped away by steam engines. The bridge's piers were then installed in the path of the canal.<ref name="Burr p. 4">{{harvnb|Burr|1897|ps=.|p=4}}</ref> During construction, in April 1893, the dams were destroyed in a heavy storm, causing the canal bed to be flooded before the canal was completed.<ref name="Burr p. 4" /><ref>{{Cite news|date=April 22, 1893|title=Harlem Canal Dams Broken; Torn Away by Heavy Rains and High Tides|language=en-US|page=9|work=The New York Times|url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1893/04/22/109698414.pdf|access-date=January 21, 2021|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=July 7, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220707230433/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1893/04/22/109698414.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> The foundations for the bridge's abutments were sunk into the bed of the canal using [[caisson (engineering)|caisson]]s.<ref name="ER p. 116" /><ref>{{harvnb|Burr|1897|ps=.|p=5}}</ref> The bridge opened on January 1, 1895.<ref name="tribune19040814" /><ref name="NYCL p. 2" /><ref>{{Cite news|date=January 1, 1895|title=The City's Low Death Rate: Brought Down to 21.05 by the Health Board for 1895|language=en-US|page=6|work=The New York Times|url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1895/01/01/102441218.pdf|access-date=January 21, 2021|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=July 4, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220704200052/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1895/01/01/102441218.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> At the time, it was one of several swing bridges that had been built on the Harlem River, and it was the second-oldest major bridge in New York City behind the [[Brooklyn Bridge]].<ref name="NYCL p. 2" /> After the Marble Hill section of the canal opened on June 17, 1895, the Harlem Ship Canal Bridge was able to swing open for boat traffic.<ref name="NYCPks-SpuytenDuyvilCrk">{{cite web|url=https://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/inwood-hill-park/highlights/8272|title=Inwood Hill Park: Spuyten Duyvil Creek|publisher=[[New York City Department of Parks and Recreation]]|access-date=January 2, 2017|archive-date=January 2, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170102171815/https://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/inwood-hill-park/highlights/8272|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|ps=.|Eldredge|Horenstein|2014|pp=102–105}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1895/06/17/103365943.pdf|title=Harlem Canal Parades|date=June 17, 1895|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=January 3, 2017|archive-date=July 4, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220704200054/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1895/06/17/103365943.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> The Harlem Ship Canal Bridge connected the islands of Manhattan and Marble Hill, as the Spuyten Duyvil Creek continued to flow around the northern side of Marble Hill until 1914.<ref>{{cite web|last=Clarke|first=Erin|date=June 12, 2015|title=What's in a Name: While Marble Hill's Origins Are Clear, Its Present Status is Up for Debate|url=https://www.ny1.com/nyc/bronx/bronx-week-2015/2015/06/12/what-s-in-a-name--while-marble-hill-s-origins-are-clear--its-present-status-is-up-for-debate|access-date=January 21, 2021|website=Spectrum News NY1 &#124; New York City|archive-date=January 28, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210128034503/https://www.ny1.com/nyc/bronx/bronx-week-2015/2015/06/12/what-s-in-a-name--while-marble-hill-s-origins-are-clear--its-present-status-is-up-for-debate|url-status=live}}</ref> Another bridge on the northern side of Marble Hill opened in 1900; it carried Broadway over the old creek bed and, along with the King's and Farmers' Bridges, provided direct connections to the Bronx. That span, which had also been called the Broadway Bridge, was demolished by the late 1920s.<ref>{{cite news|date=January 15, 1928|title=Bridge Removal to Hide Site of First Manhattan-Mainload Ferry: Passing of Landmark on Broadway Near 230th Street Recalls the Indians' Wading Place and the Dutch Crossing of Spuyten Duyvil Creek|page=B4|work=New York Herald Tribune|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/1113422409|url-access=subscription|access-date=January 25, 2021|id={{ProQuest|1113422409}}|via=ProQuest|archive-date=July 7, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220707230441/https://www.proquest.com/docview/1113422409|url-status=live}}</ref> === Second span === [[File:Floating original Ship Canal draw (in background) to University Heights location. New Ship Canal draw in foreground. June 1906 photograph. - University Heights Bridge, Spanning HAER NY,31-NEYO,178-31.tif|thumb|Replacement of the first swing span with the second span in June 1906]] Around 1900, the city sold the Harlem Ship Canal Bridge to the Rapid Transit Construction Company, which was building the [[Early history of the IRT subway|first city subway line]].<ref name="nyt19031227">{{Cite news|date=December 27, 1903|title=Cutting, New Street Through Four Blocks; Delancey Street Project to be One of Unusual Interest|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1903/12/27/105071719.pdf|access-date=January 21, 2021|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=January 21, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121063616/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1903/12/27/105071719.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> The subway's West Side Branch was to cross the Harlem River Ship Canal above Broadway, which necessitated modifying or replacing the existing bridge.<ref>{{Cite news|date=March 23, 1902|title=Work on the Subway; One Section of the New Road Has Not Been Touched|language=en-US|page=9|work=The New York Times|url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1902/03/23/118466831.pdf|access-date=January 21, 2021|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=January 21, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121060301/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1902/03/23/118466831.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Interborough Rapid Transit Company]] (IRT), which had been formed to operate the subway, determined the existing structure could not support the elevated subway line,<ref name="ER p. 116" /><ref name="nyt19051107" /><ref name="tribune19051107" /> choosing instead to build a second, double-decker swing bridge.<ref name="NYCDOT1" /><ref name="aia5">{{cite aia5|page=867}}</ref> The old substructure was deemed to be sufficiently strong to support the weight of a new span.<ref name="ER p. 116" /> The need to replace the Harlem Ship Canal Bridge was further emphasized in 1903,<ref name="NYCL p. 6">{{harvnb|Landmarks Preservation Commission|1984|ps=.|p=6}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=New York (N.Y.). Department of Bridges|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NR8CAAAAYAAJ|title=Report of the Commissioner of Bridges to the Hon. George B. McClellar, Mayor of the City of New York, December 31, 1904|last2=McClellan|first2=G.B.|publisher=The Department|year=1905|pages=169–170|access-date=January 25, 2021|archive-date=July 4, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220704200102/https://books.google.com/books?id=NR8CAAAAYAAJ|url-status=live}}</ref> when the [[New York State Legislature]] passed legislation allowing the realignment of the [[New York Central Railroad]]'s [[Spuyten Duyvil and Port Morris Railroad|Spuyten Duyvil Line]] (now the Metro-North Railroad's Hudson Line) along the Harlem River's eastern bank.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/nyp.33433090742580?urlappend=%3Bseq=273|title=Laws of the State of New York passed at the sessions of the Legislature. 126th sess.|date=May 7, 1903|publisher=New York State Legislature|volume=2|chapter=Chapter 423: an act to provide for the abolition, discontinuance and avoidance of certain grade crossings in the city of New York|series=Laws of New York|hdl=2027/nyp.33433090742580?urlappend=%3Bseq=273|access-date=January 21, 2021|archive-date=July 7, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220707230554/https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433090742580;seq=273|url-status=live}}</ref> The railroad wished to avoid a [[Level crossing|grade crossing]] with the Metropolitan Street Railway's streetcar tracks, to be built on the lower deck.<ref name="tribune19040814" /><ref name="nyt19031227" /> Ultimately, the city made an agreement with the three railroads to relocate the first span down the Harlem River, only ten years after it had been constructed.<ref name="Howe p. 3" /><ref name=aia5/><ref name="NYCL p. 6" /> The old Harlem Ship Canal Bridge became the [[University Heights Bridge]], which opened in 1908.<ref name="Howe p. 13">{{harvnb|Howe|1910|ps=.|p=13}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=January 7, 1908|title=New Bridge Over Harlem Opened|page=8|work=New-York Tribune|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/68192410/|access-date=January 25, 2021|via=newspapers.com {{open access}}|archive-date=July 4, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220704200108/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/68192410/new-bridge-over-harlem-opened/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=January 8, 1908|title=New Harlem Bridge Open|language=en-US|page=9|work=The New York Times|url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1908/01/08/105001548.pdf|access-date=January 22, 2021|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=January 21, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121054326/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1908/01/08/105001548.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[American Bridge Company]] was contracted to construct the new bridge.<ref name="ER p. 116" /> The temporary framework for the second bridge's swing span was constructed at 216th Street in Manhattan, slightly south of the bridge site. The approach spans were constructed next to Broadway, along the shore where they were to be installed.<ref name="ER p. 116" /><ref name="Burr p. 4" /> Pile-driving for the new swing span began at 216th Street in May 1905 and was finished that September.<ref name="Burr p. 4" /> The approach spans were built on [[crib pier]]s that rested along [[flatcar]]s, with each span slightly overhanging the shore on either end. After the approach spans were completed, the approach spans were pushed off the flatcars and floated onto [[scow]]s.<ref name="Howe pp. 4-5" /><ref>{{harvnb|Engineering Record|1906|ps=.|pp=116–117}}</ref> The spans of the old Harlem Ship Canal Bridge were replaced with the new double-decker spans in three phases. Traffic on Broadway was not to be interrupted for more than five days total. After the old spans were disconnected from their old location and moved aside, the corresponding sections of the second bridge were floated into place.<ref>{{harvnb|Howe|1910|ps=.|p=25}}</ref> The southern approach at Broadway was replaced in October 1905,<ref>{{harvnb|Howe|1910|ps=.|p=5}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=October 20, 1905|title=Span of Ship Canal Bridge in Place|language=en-US|page=2|work=The New York Times|url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1905/10/20/120279177.pdf|access-date=January 21, 2021|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=January 21, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121053932/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1905/10/20/120279177.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> followed by the northern approach in November.<ref name="nyt19051107">{{Cite news|date=November 7, 1905|title=New Ship Canal Span Is Floated Into Place; Builders Use the Harlem's Tide for Lifting Power|language=en-US|page=7|work=The New York Times|url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1905/11/07/101422220.pdf|access-date=January 21, 2021|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=January 21, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121060617/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1905/11/07/101422220.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="tribune19051107">{{cite news|date=November 7, 1905|title=Tide Moves Bridge Span: Portion of Old Harlem Structure Replaced by New|page=1|work=New-York Tribune|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/68181951/|access-date=January 25, 2021|via=newspapers.com {{open access}}|archive-date=July 4, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220704200134/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/68181951/tide-moves-bridge-span-portion-of-old/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Howe|1910|ps=.|pp=6–7}}</ref> The old swing span was replaced with the new swing span in June 1906.<ref>{{harvnb|Howe|1910|ps=.|p=9}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|ps=.|Engineering Record|1906|p=118}}</ref> The second span ultimately cost $1,182,782 to install.<ref name="NYCDOT1" /> When the IRT's West Side Branch was extended in March 1906, it had a temporary terminal at [[221st Street station|221st Street]], just south of the bridge's Manhattan end.<ref>{{Cite book|last=District|first=New York (State) Public Service Commission First|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZHlCAQAAMAAJ|title=Report of the Public Service Commission for the First District of the State of New York|date=January 1, 1913|publisher=J.B. Lyon Company|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=March 13, 1906|title=Trains To Ship Canal: But They Whiz by Washington Heights Station|page=16|work=The New York Times|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1906/03/13/101769649.pdf|access-date=August 16, 2015|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=May 24, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220524041048/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1906/03/13/101769649.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> Subway service was extended over the Broadway Bridge to Marble Hill–225th Street in January 1907 and the 221st Street station was closed.<ref>{{cite news|date=January 14, 1907|title=Farthest North in Town by the Interborough|page=18|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1907/01/14/104980177.pdf|access-date=January 22, 2021|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=July 8, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210708221312/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1907/01/14/104980177.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> By the early 1930s, there were proposals to build the long-delayed [[Henry Hudson Bridge]] to the west, carrying traffic on the [[Henry Hudson Parkway]] ([[New York State Route 9A]]). The project was being upheld as a way to alleviate traffic on the Broadway Bridge, which in 1933 accommodated 28,000 vehicles a day, almost as much as the [[Holland Tunnel]] between New Jersey and New York.<ref>{{cite news|last=Pierce|first=Bert|date=July 23, 1933|title=Traffic Delays Increase at Upper Manhattan Span: Calls Grow for New Structure to Replace Old Narrow Bridge Which Links Two Boroughs at Ship Canal; Through Travel Is Affected Cars Waiting at 'Bottle-Neck' Bridge in Upper Manhattan|page=B9|work=New York Herald Tribune|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/1114649976|url-access=subscription|access-date=January 25, 2021|id={{ProQuest|1114649976}}|via=ProQuest|archive-date=July 7, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220707230508/https://www.proquest.com/docview/1114649976|url-status=live}}</ref> While the Henry Hudson Bridge was to be a toll bridge, the Broadway Bridge charged no toll for the eleven million vehicles that, at the time, crossed it every year.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Gray|first=Christopher|date=August 10, 2003|title=Streetscapes/Henry Hudson Bridge; A Controversial '36 Span Through Dreamy Isolation (Published 2003)|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2003/08/10/realestate/streetscapes-henry-hudson-bridge-controversial-36-span-through-dreamy-isolation.html|access-date=January 25, 2021|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=June 3, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220603163418/https://www.nytimes.com/2003/08/10/realestate/streetscapes-henry-hudson-bridge-controversial-36-span-through-dreamy-isolation.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In mid-December 1934, the section of Broadway across the bridge was signed as US&nbsp;9 within New York City for the first time, as were several other U.S. Highways and state routes. The section of US&nbsp;9 south of the bridge ran to [[179th Street (Manhattan)|179th Street]], turning west to the [[George Washington Bridge]] to [[New Jersey]], while the section north of the bridge ran to the Bronx and [[Westchester County, New York|Westchester County]].<ref>{{Cite news|date=December 16, 1934|title=Mark Ways in the City|language=en-US|page=XX12|work=The New York Times|url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1934/12/16/94588659.pdf|access-date=January 22, 2021|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=July 4, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220704200059/http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1934/12/16/94588659.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false|url-status=live}}</ref> The Henry Hudson Bridge opened in 1936.<ref>{{cite web|title=Henry Hudson Bridge|url=http://www.mymta.net/bandt/html/henry.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723214928/http://www.mymta.net/bandt/html/henry.html|archive-date=July 23, 2011|access-date=March 6, 2010|work=MTA Bridges and Tunnels}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=December 12, 1936|title=The New Parkways|newspaper=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1936/12/12/archives/the-new-parkways.html|access-date=February 21, 2010|archive-date=July 23, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180723065551/https://www.nytimes.com/1936/12/12/archives/the-new-parkways.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1949, the city's commissioner of public works proposed that a lift bridge be built for $7.64 million (equivalent to ${{Inflation|index=US-GDP|value=7.64|start_year=1949|fmt=c}} million in {{inflation/year|US-GDP}}{{inflation/fn|US-GDP}}) to replace the second Broadway Bridge. The swing span's three vehicular lanes could no longer accommodate modern traffic loads, and a lift span would provide more horizontal clearance for marine traffic. As part of this proposal, the lift bridge would carry six lanes, and the sections of Broadway on either side of the bridge would be widened to {{Convert|125|ft||abbr=}}.<ref name="nyt19490718" /><ref>{{Cite news|date=October 15, 1949|title=New Span Set At Marble Hill|pages=5|work=The Herald Statesman|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/68412934/new-span-set-at-marble-hill/|access-date=January 24, 2021|via=newspapers.com {{open access}}|archive-date=January 29, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210129211628/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/68412934/new-span-set-at-marble-hill/|url-status=live}}</ref> The Bridge Department again called for the construction of a lift bridge in 1956, this time at a cost of $12.71 million (equivalent to ${{Inflation|index=US-GDP|value=12.71|start_year=1956|fmt=c}} million in {{inflation/year|US-GDP}}{{inflation/fn|US-GDP}}), although the city would still not include money for a new bridge in its budget.<ref name="nyt19561012">{{Cite news|last=Bigart|first=Homer|date=October 12, 1956|title=Fire on Bridge Over the Harlem River Blocks Traffic and IRT Line|language=en-US|page=1|work=The New York Times|url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1956/10/12/84890804.pdf|access-date=January 23, 2021|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=July 7, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220707230541/http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1956/10/12/84890804.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false|url-status=live}}</ref> The 225th Street Bridge was damaged by fire that October,<ref name="nyt19561012" /><ref>{{Cite news|date=October 12, 1956|title=Work-Bound Throngs Delayed By Fire on Bridge at 225th St.|pages=3|work=New York Daily News|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/68276878/work-bound-throngs-delayed-by-fire-on/|access-date=January 23, 2021|via=newspapers.com {{open access}}|archive-date=January 30, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210130214639/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/68276878/work-bound-throngs-delayed-by-fire-on/|url-status=live}}</ref> requiring it to be closed for emergency repairs.<ref>{{Cite news|date=December 13, 1956|title=Bridge to Be Closed: IRT and Auto Traffic Banned Sunday at 225th Street|language=en-US|page=22|work=The New York Times|url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1956/12/13/306321882.pdf|access-date=January 23, 2021|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=July 7, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220707230447/http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1956/12/13/306321882.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false|url-status=live}}</ref> In January 1957, Public Works Commissioner Frederick H. Zurmuhlen announced that the swing bridge had sustained more severe damage than originally projected, and that it would be difficult to close the swing span due to warping of the steel beams.<ref>{{Cite news|date=January 7, 1957|title=City Planning to Build $12,666,000 Bridge To Replace Damaged One Over Ship Canal|language=en-US|page=28|work=The New York Times|url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1957/01/07/84718536.pdf|access-date=January 25, 2021|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=July 7, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220707230518/http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1957/01/07/84718536.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false|url-status=live}}</ref> The swing bridge was closed to tall marine vessels in 1957.<ref name="nyt19631101" /> ===Third span=== [[File:Broadway Bridge from train.jpg|thumb|The third and current Broadway Bridge, with a subway train crossing the upper deck]] Zurmuhlen announced in February 1958 that work would commence on a new lift span costing $13.4 million (equivalent to ${{Inflation|index=US-GDP|value=13.4|start_year=1958|fmt=c}} million in {{inflation/year|US-GDP}}{{inflation/fn|US-GDP}}). The first phase of the work was awarded to the Moore & Lopier Construction Corporation and involved constructing new piers parallel to the second swing span.<ref>{{Cite news|date=February 9, 1958|title=Harlem River Span to Be Started Soon|language=en-US|page=81|work=The New York Times|url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1958/02/09/91385269.pdf|access-date=January 23, 2021|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=July 7, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220707230530/http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1958/02/09/91385269.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false|url-status=live}}</ref> The American Bridge Company constructed the new lift span on the Bronx side of the bridge. Because the second 225th Street Bridge was so heavily used, with an average of 23,000 vehicles per weekday, the lift span was built before the lift towers, in the opposite sequence from other lift bridges.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Ingraham|first=Joseph C.|date=December 9, 1960|title=Harlem River Tides Will Be Used to Ease the Job; Engineers Will Race Clock – Subway to Be Interrupted|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1960/12/09/archives/harlem-river-tides-will-be-used-to-ease-the-job-engineers-will-race.html|access-date=January 23, 2021|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=July 7, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220707230530/https://www.nytimes.com/1960/12/09/archives/harlem-river-tides-will-be-used-to-ease-the-job-engineers-will-race.html|url-status=live}}</ref> A construction schedule was planned so that subway traffic would be disrupted as little as possible.<ref name="New York (N.Y.) Dept. of Public Works 1955 p." /> At the end of November 1960, the second bridge was closed to vehicular traffic, but remained open for subway operation.<ref>{{Cite news|date=November 28, 1960|title=225th St. Bridge Shut To Cars Starting Today|language=en-US|page=28|work=The New York Times|url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1960/11/28/99826332.pdf|access-date=January 23, 2021|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=July 7, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220707230458/http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1960/11/28/99826332.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=November 29, 1960|title=Bridge Over Harlem Closed to Motorists|pages=12|work=The Herald Statesman|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/68353999/bridge-over-harlem-closed-to-motorists/|access-date=January 24, 2021|via=newspapers.com {{open access}}|archive-date=January 30, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210130211005/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/68353999/bridge-over-harlem-closed-to-motorists/|url-status=live}}</ref> Subway service on the bridge was suspended for three days starting on December 23, 1960, to install the lift span during the Christmas weekend.<ref>{{Cite news|date=December 23, 1960|title=Installation of Bridge To Interrupt Subways|language=en-US|page=8|work=The New York Times|url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1960/12/23/99831711.pdf|access-date=January 23, 2021|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=July 7, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220707230451/http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1960/12/23/99831711.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false|url-status=live}}</ref> High winds delayed the installation of the lift span by one day.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Conley|first=Robert|date=December 25, 1960|title=Span Towed Away on Harlem River; New One to Be Floated Into Place|language=en-US|page=46|work=The New York Times|url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1960/12/25/99982110.pdf|access-date=January 23, 2021|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=July 7, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220707230533/http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1960/12/25/99982110.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false|url-status=live}}</ref> Subway service and pedestrian crossings resumed on December 26; the iron-grating roadbed had yet to be welded at the time. The second swing span was towed to just north of the University Heights Bridge, where it was cut up into scrap.<ref>{{Cite news|date=December 27, 1960|title=Bridge Installed Over the Harlem; Lift Span at 225th St. Will Have 6 Traffic Lanes – Job Is 32 Hours Late|language=en-US|page=49|work=The New York Times|url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1960/12/27/99833225.pdf|access-date=January 23, 2021|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=July 7, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220707230438/http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1960/12/27/99833225.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false|url-status=live}}</ref> The new lift bridge opened to vehicles in January 1961,<ref name="nyt19631101" /> but was closed to vehicles again that July. This closure allowed the lift machinery to be installed and the approach roadways to be rebuilt.<ref>{{Cite news|date=July 6, 1961|title=Broadway Bridge Is Closed; Detours Handle Traffic Well|language=en-US|page=31|work=The New York Times|url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1961/07/06/101469850.pdf|access-date=January 23, 2021|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=July 7, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220707230505/http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1961/07/06/101469850.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=July 2, 1961|title=6-Mo. Car Ban On 225th St.'s Harlem Span|pages=84|work=New York Daily News|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/68354389/6-mo-car-ban-on-225th-sts-harlem-span/|access-date=January 24, 2021|via=newspapers.com {{open access}}|archive-date=January 31, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210131115845/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/68354389/6-mo-car-ban-on-225th-sts-harlem-span/|url-status=live}}</ref> The eastern roadway of the new bridge reopened to two-way vehicular traffic on July 1, 1962, while the western roadway opened that November.<ref>{{Cite news|last=|first=|date=November 17, 1962|title=Bridge Opening Monday|language=en-US|page=27|work=The New York Times|url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1962/11/17/90203581.pdf|url-status=live|access-date=January 25, 2021|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=July 7, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220707230528/http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1962/11/17/90203581.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false}}</ref> After further intermittent closures to marine, road, and subway traffic, work was complete by November 1963.<ref name="nyt19631101" /> Mayor [[John Lindsay]] proposed enacting tolls along the University Heights Bridge, as well as all other free bridges across the [[East River|East]] and Harlem rivers, in 1971.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Ranzal|first=Edward|date=March 25, 1971|title=Tolls on Harlem River Bridges Studied|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1971/03/25/81935957.pdf|page=41|access-date=January 25, 2021|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=June 28, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220628154613/http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1971/03/25/81935957.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Fitzgerald|first=Owen|date=March 25, 1971|title=City Looks to Tolls on Harlem River|pages=29|work=New York Daily News|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/68481335/city-looks-to-tolls-on-harlem-river/|access-date=January 25, 2021|via=newspapers.com {{open access}}|archive-date=February 1, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210201222219/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/68481335/city-looks-to-tolls-on-harlem-river/|url-status=live}}</ref> The proposal failed in 1977 after the United States Congress moved to ban tolls on these bridges.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Dembart|first=Lee|date=June 16, 1977|title=Broad Parking Ban in Manhattan Begins as Mayor Yields to Ruling|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1977/06/16/75672332.pdf|page=1|access-date=January 25, 2021|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=June 28, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220628154614/http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1977/06/16/75672332.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false|url-status=live}}</ref> The NYCDOT made some minor renovations to the Broadway Bridge in 2003.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Robinson|first=George|date=November 9, 2003|title=F.Y.I.|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2003/11/09/nyregion/fyi-048879.html|url-status=live|access-date=January 25, 2021|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=December 26, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171226060459/http://www.nytimes.com/2003/11/09/nyregion/fyi-048879.html}}</ref> The work, costing $10 million, included repairs to the deck as well as placing a protective coating on the lift span's steel beams.<ref name="New York Area Roads, Crossings and Exits 1905" /> By 2005, the NYCDOT had classified the bridge's condition as fair, with a 3.986 rating out of 7, indicating that some components were in need of repair. At the time, it had never undergone a major rehabilitation.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Grossman|first=Manny|date=August 9, 2007|title=Broadway Bridge 'won't fall' but needs work|url=https://riverdalepress.com/stories/Broadway-Bridge-wont-fall-but-needs-work,24407|access-date=January 25, 2021|website=The Riverdale Press|language=en|archive-date=February 1, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210201152306/https://riverdalepress.com/stories/Broadway-Bridge-wont-fall-but-needs-work,24407|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2018, the NYCDOT awarded a contract to [[Tutor Perini]] to renovate architectural, electrical, mechanical, and structural components of the bridge.<ref>{{Cite web|date=April 26, 2018|title=Rehabilitation of Broadway Bridge Over Harlem River, Borough of Manhattan|url=https://www.bidnet.com/closed-government-contracts/rehabilitation-of-broadway-bridge-over-harlem-river--borough-of-manhattan?itemId=494104824|access-date=January 25, 2021|publisher=Bidnet|archive-date=January 31, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210131110028/https://www.bidnet.com/closed-government-contracts/rehabilitation-of-broadway-bridge-over-harlem-river--borough-of-manhattan?itemId=494104824|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Slowey|first=Kim|date=May 10, 2018|title=Tutor Perini wins $1B of infrastructure projects|url=https://www.constructiondive.com/news/tutor-perini-wins-1b-of-infrastructure-projects/523144/|access-date=January 25, 2021|website=Construction Dive|language=en-US|archive-date=January 30, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210130062355/https://www.constructiondive.com/news/tutor-perini-wins-1b-of-infrastructure-projects/523144/|url-status=live}}</ref> The same year, the agency announced a plan to improve pedestrian and cyclist access to several bridges over the Harlem River, including the Broadway Bridge. As part of the plan, bike lanes would be added to the bridge by 2021.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Hu|first=Winnie|date=May 4, 2018|title=Making a New York City River More Inviting to Cross, by Foot and Bike|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/04/nyregion/harlem-river-bridges-bike-lanes.html|access-date=January 25, 2021|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=January 31, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210131181522/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/04/nyregion/harlem-river-bridges-bike-lanes.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Meyer|first=David|date=May 4, 2018|title=A Blueprint for Safer Biking and Walking Between the Bronx and Manhattan|url=https://nyc.streetsblog.org/2018/05/04/a-blueprint-for-safer-biking-and-walking-between-the-bronx-and-manhattan/|access-date=January 25, 2021|website=Streetsblog New York City|archive-date=January 29, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210129213219/https://nyc.streetsblog.org/2018/05/04/a-blueprint-for-safer-biking-and-walking-between-the-bronx-and-manhattan/|url-status=live}}</ref> </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"></div><p id="mw-returnto">Return to <a href="/wiki/Broadway_Bridge_(Manhattan)" title="Broadway Bridge (Manhattan)">Broadway Bridge (Manhattan)</a>.</p> <noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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