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class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partito_del_Jharkhand" title="Partito del Jharkhand – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Partito del Jharkhand" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9D%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7" title="झारखंड पक्ष – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="झारखंड पक्ष" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A1%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%B8%E1%B1%B0_%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%B4%E1%B1%A4" title="ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF" title="சார்க்கண்டு கட்சி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சார்க்கண்டு கட்சி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%96%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%80" title="జార్ఖండ్ పార్టీ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="జార్ఖండ్ పార్టీ" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Jharkhand+Party%22">"Jharkhand Party"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Jharkhand+Party%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Jharkhand+Party%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Jharkhand+Party%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Jharkhand+Party%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Jharkhand+Party%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Indian political party</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Political party in India</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%;"><div style="padding-top:0.3em; padding-bottom:0.3em; border-top:2px solid green; border-bottom:2px solid green; line-height: 1;"><div class="fn org">Jharkhand Party</div> </div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo" style="padding-top:.4em;padding-bottom:.3em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:JHAPA.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/JHAPA.png/180px-JHAPA.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/JHAPA.png/270px-JHAPA.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/JHAPA.png/360px-JHAPA.png 2x" data-file-width="412" data-file-height="344" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Abbreviation</th><td class="infobox-data nickname" style="line-height:1.3em;">JP</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Party_leader" title="Party leader">Leader</a></th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;">Shri Ajit Kumar</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">President</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;">Shri <a href="/wiki/Enos_Ekka" class="mw-redirect" title="Enos Ekka">Enos Ekka</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">General Secretary</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;">Shri Ashok Kumar Bhagat</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Treasurer</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;">Rizwan Ahmad</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Jaipal_Singh_Munda" title="Jaipal Singh Munda">Jaipal Singh Munda</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">5 March 1949</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Ranchi" title="Ranchi">Ranchi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jharkhand" title="Jharkhand">Jharkhand</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Election_Commission_of_India" title="Election Commission of India">ECI</a> Status</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">Registered</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Number of states and union territories in government</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">Jharkhand, Orissa, West Bengal</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 0.8em;">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">jharkhandparty.org <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.jharkhandparty.com">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.jahrkhandparty.org">[2]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.jahrkhandpaty.in">[3]</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="padding-top:0;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-top:0.3em; border-top:2px solid green;"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_India" title="Politics of India">Politics of India</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_India" title="List of political parties in India">Political parties</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_India" title="Elections in India">Elections</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Jharkhand Party</b> (<b>JP</b>) is one of the oldest <a href="/wiki/Political_parties_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Political parties in India">political parties in India</a>. formed on 5 March 1949 by <i>Marang Gomke</i> <a href="/wiki/Jaipal_Singh_Munda" title="Jaipal Singh Munda">Jaipal Singh Munda</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ranchi" title="Ranchi">Ranchi</a>. The party grew out of the demand for a separate <a href="/wiki/Jharkhand" title="Jharkhand">Jharkhand</a> state. </p><p>The Jharkhand Party participated in the <a href="/wiki/Bihar_Legislative_Assembly" title="Bihar Legislative Assembly">Bihar Legislative Assembly</a> elections of <a href="/wiki/1952_Bihar_Legislative_Assembly_election" title="1952 Bihar Legislative Assembly election">1952</a>, <a href="/wiki/1957_Bihar_Legislative_Assembly_election" title="1957 Bihar Legislative Assembly election">1957</a>, and <a href="/wiki/1962_Bihar_Legislative_Assembly_election" title="1962 Bihar Legislative Assembly election">1962</a>. For more than 15 years, the Jharkhand Party was the only major opposition political party against the <a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Congress" title="Indian National Congress">Indian National Congress</a> in Bihar. In 1955, the Jharkhand Party submitted a memorandum for the creation of a separate state of Jharkhand to the <a href="/wiki/States_Reorganisation_Commission" title="States Reorganisation Commission">States Reorganization Commission</a>, but the state was not created for linguistic and economic reasons.<sup id="cite_ref-a_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-a-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Central_Working_Committee">Central Working Committee</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jharkhand_Party&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Central Working Committee"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>National President = <a href="/wiki/Enos_Ekka" class="mw-redirect" title="Enos Ekka">Enos Ekka</a></li> <li>Executive President = Ajit Kumar</li> <li>Principal General Secretary = Ashok Kumar Bhagat</li> <li>Executive President = Kiran Aind</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jharkhand_Party&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1936, <a href="/wiki/Jaipal_Singh_Munda" title="Jaipal Singh Munda">Jaipal Singh Munda</a> was approached by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chhotanagpur_Unnati_Samaj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chhotanagpur Unnati Samaj (page does not exist)">Chhotanagpur Unnati Samaj's</a> leaders to be president of the organization. Singh changed the name of Chhotanagpur Unnati Samaj to Akhil Bhartiya Adivasi Mahasabha in 1939. Singh became president of Adivasi Mahasabha. At the Ramgarh session of Congress in 1940, he discussed with <a href="/wiki/Subhas_Chandra_Bose" title="Subhas Chandra Bose">Subash Chandra Bose</a> the need to form a separate Jharkhand state. Bose replied that such a request would affect the struggle for freedom. After the independence of India, the Adivasi Mahasabha re-emerged as the Jharkhand Party and it accommodated non-tribal people to achieve long-term goals. Singh is popularly known as "Marang Gomke" (meaning 'Great Leader') by the <a href="/wiki/Adivasi" title="Adivasi">Adivasis</a> of <a href="/wiki/Chota_Nagpur_Plateau" title="Chota Nagpur Plateau">Chhotanagpur</a>. </p><p>The party fared well in the 1952 elections, and got 34 out of 325 seats in Bihar Legislative Assembly, becoming a major opposition party.<sup id="cite_ref-a_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-a-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Jharkhand Party participated in the 1952 election and won 34 seats in the Bihar Legislative Assembly. In 1962, it won 20 seats. In 1955, the Jharkhand Party submitted a memorandum for creation of separate state to <a href="/wiki/States_Reorganization_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="States Reorganization Commission">States Reorganization Commission</a>, but the state was not created because the region had many languages and tribal languages were in the minority.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Jaipal Singh was disappointed by the declining popularity of his party and rejection of its demand for a separate Jharkhand.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1963 the Jharkhand Party merged with <a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Congress" title="Indian National Congress">Indian National Congress</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-a_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-a-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The merger was quite unpopular within the party ranks, and a number of splinter groups were formed, incliuding the <a href="/wiki/All_India_Jharkhand_Party" title="All India Jharkhand Party">All India Jharkhand Party</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Hul_Jharkhand_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Hul Jharkhand Party">Hul Jharkhand Party</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Veer_Birsa_Dal" title="Veer Birsa Dal">Veer Birsa Dal</a>. </p><p>In 1967, <a href="/wiki/Niral_Enem_Horo" title="Niral Enem Horo">N.E. Horo</a> became an MLA of the Jharkhand Party from Kolibera by election. </p><p>In 1971, the Jharkhand Party was reorganized by <a href="/wiki/Bagun_Sumbrai" title="Bagun Sumbrai">Bagun Sumrai</a>, who was elected president. Horo became general secretary of the party. </p><p>On 12 March 1971, the Jharkhand Party arranged the Jharkhand-Mang diwas agitations in front of the parliament. </p><p>In 1975, N.E. Horo was elected president of the party and Noren Hansda was elected general secretary. </p><p>In 1990, N.E. Horo was elected president, working president Lal Ranvijay Nath Sahdeo, Ashok Bhagat General Secretary in byniel conference. </p><p>2005 Anosh ekka elected kolebira vidhansabha election and becoming the cabinet minister and also rural development and transport minister of Jharkhand State, Anosh Ekka elected president and Ashok Bhagat Principal general secretary in general conference. </p><p>On 8 January 2009, Jharkhand Party candidate Raja Peter defeated sitting <a href="/wiki/Chief_Minister_of_Jharkhand" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief Minister of Jharkhand">Chief Minister of Jharkhand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shibu_Soren" title="Shibu Soren">Shibu Soren</a> by over 9,000 votes in presidency of <a href="/wiki/Anosh_Ekka" title="Anosh Ekka">Anosh Ekka</a> and Shri <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ashok_Kumar_Bhagat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ashok Kumar Bhagat (page does not exist)">Ashok Kumar Bhagat</a>-Principal General Secretary. </p><p><sup id="cite_ref-Jharkhand_CM_Shibu_Sores_loses_in_by-election_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jharkhand_CM_Shibu_Sores_loses_in_by-election-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jharkhand_Party&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-a-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-a_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-a_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-a_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBera2008" class="citation book cs1">Bera, Gautam Kumar (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9qrmTdshzKQC&q=Maharaja+Kameshwar+Singh+darbhanga&pg=PA48"><i>The Unrest Axle: Ethno-social Movements in Eastern India edited by Gautam Kumar Bera</i></a>. pp. 45–50. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788183241458" title="Special:BookSources/9788183241458"><bdi>9788183241458</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Unrest+Axle%3A+Ethno-social+Movements+in+Eastern+India+edited+by+Gautam+Kumar+Bera&rft.pages=45-50&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9788183241458&rft.aulast=Bera&rft.aufirst=Gautam+Kumar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9qrmTdshzKQC%26q%3DMaharaja%2BKameshwar%2BSingh%2Bdarbhanga%26pg%3DPA48&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJharkhand+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraphindia.com/jharkhand/reunion-bells-ring-for-jharkhand-party-factions/cid/508512">"Reunion bells ring for Jharkhand Party factions"</a>. <i>m.telegraphindia.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=m.telegraphindia.com&rft.atitle=Reunion+bells+ring+for+Jharkhand+Party+factions&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraphindia.com%2Fjharkhand%2Freunion-bells-ring-for-jharkhand-party-factions%2Fcid%2F508512&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJharkhand+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAaku_Srivastava2022" class="citation book cs1">Aaku Srivastava (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OEeHEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT251"><i>Sensex of Regional Parties</i></a>. Prabhat Prakashan. p. 251. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9355212368" title="Special:BookSources/978-9355212368"><bdi>978-9355212368</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sensex+of+Regional+Parties&rft.pages=251&rft.pub=Prabhat+Prakashan&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=978-9355212368&rft.au=Aaku+Srivastava&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOEeHEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT251&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJharkhand+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKumāra1998" class="citation book cs1">Kumāra, Braja Bihārī (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nKqF_AgDd4gC&q=Small+States+Syndrome+in+India+Jharkhand&pg=PA118"><i>Small States Syndrome in India</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788170226918" title="Special:BookSources/9788170226918"><bdi>9788170226918</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Small+States+Syndrome+in+India&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=9788170226918&rft.aulast=Kum%C4%81ra&rft.aufirst=Braja+Bih%C4%81r%C4%AB&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnKqF_AgDd4gC%26q%3DSmall%2BStates%2BSyndrome%2Bin%2BIndia%2BJharkhand%26pg%3DPA118&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJharkhand+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jharkhand_CM_Shibu_Sores_loses_in_by-election-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jharkhand_CM_Shibu_Sores_loses_in_by-election_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110522132740/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/jharkhand-cm-shibu-sores-loses-in-byelection/82241-3.html">"Jharkhand CM Shibu Sores loses in by-election"</a>. CNN-IBN. 8 January 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ibnlive.in.com/news/jharkhand-cm-shibu-sores-loses-in-byelection/82241-3.html">the original</a> on 22 May 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 January</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Jharkhand+CM+Shibu+Sores+loses+in+by-election&rft.date=2009-01-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fibnlive.in.com%2Fnews%2Fjharkhand-cm-shibu-sores-loses-in-byelection%2F82241-3.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJharkhand+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_India" title="List of political parties in India">Political parties in India</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aam_Aadmi_Party" title="Aam Aadmi Party">Aam Aadmi Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahujan_Samaj_Party" title="Bahujan Samaj Party">Bahujan Samaj Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Janata_Party" title="Bharatiya Janata Party">Bharatiya Janata Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist)" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist)">Communist Party of India (Marxist)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Congress" title="Indian National Congress">Indian National Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Party_(India)" title="National People's Party (India)">National People's Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">State parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AJSU_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="AJSU Party">AJSU Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Anna_Dravida_Munnetra_Kazhagam" title="All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam">All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Forward_Bloc" title="All India Forward Bloc">All India Forward Bloc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Majlis-e-Ittehadul_Muslimeen" title="All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen">All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_N.R._Congress" title="All India N.R. Congress">All India N.R. Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Trinamool_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="All India Trinamool Congress">All India Trinamool Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_United_Democratic_Front" title="All India United Democratic Front">All India United Democratic Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apna_Dal_(Soneylal)" title="Apna Dal (Soneylal)">Apna Dal (Soneylal)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asom_Gana_Parishad" title="Asom Gana Parishad">Asom Gana Parishad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharat_Rashtra_Samithi" title="Bharat Rashtra Samithi">Bharat Rashtra Samithi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biju_Janata_Dal" title="Biju Janata Dal">Biju Janata Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodoland_People%27s_Front" title="Bodoland People's Front">Bodoland People's Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India" title="Communist Party of India">Communist Party of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)_Liberation" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation">Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desiya_Murpokku_Dravida_Kazhagam" title="Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam">Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dravida_Munnetra_Kazhagam" title="Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam">Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goa_Forward_Party" title="Goa Forward Party">Goa Forward Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hill_State_People%27s_Democratic_Party" title="Hill State People's Democratic Party">Hill State People's Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Lok_Dal" title="Indian National Lok Dal">Indian National Lok Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Union_Muslim_League" title="Indian Union Muslim League">Indian Union Muslim League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_People%27s_Front_of_Tripura" title="Indigenous People's Front of Tripura">Indigenous People's Front of Tripura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_National_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="Jammu and Kashmir National Conference">Jammu and Kashmir National Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_People%27s_Democratic_Party" title="Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party">Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janasena_Party" title="Janasena Party">Janasena Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janata_Dal_(Secular)" title="Janata Dal (Secular)">Janata Dal (Secular)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janata_Dal_(United)" title="Janata Dal (United)">Janata Dal (United)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jannayak_Janta_Party" title="Jannayak Janta Party">Jannayak Janta Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janta_Congress_Chhattisgarh" title="Janta Congress Chhattisgarh">Janta Congress Chhattisgarh (J)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jharkhand_Mukti_Morcha" title="Jharkhand Mukti Morcha">Jharkhand Mukti Morcha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Congress_(M)" title="Kerala Congress (M)">Kerala Congress (M)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lok_Janshakti_Party_(Ram_Vilas)" title="Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas)">Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharashtra_Navnirman_Sena" title="Maharashtra Navnirman Sena">Maharashtra Navnirman Sena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharashtrawadi_Gomantak_Party" title="Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party">Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizo_National_Front" title="Mizo National Front">Mizo National Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naam_Tamilar_Katchi" title="Naam Tamilar Katchi">Naam Tamilar Katchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naga_People%27s_Front" title="Naga People's Front">Naga People's Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalist_Congress_Party" title="Nationalist Congress Party">Nationalist Congress Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalist_Congress_Party_%E2%80%93_Sharadchandra_Pawar" title="Nationalist Congress Party – Sharadchandra Pawar">Nationalist Congress Party – Sharadchandra Pawar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalist_Democratic_Progressive_Party" title="Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party">Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_of_Arunachal" title="People's Party of Arunachal">People's Party of Arunachal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Democratic_Front_(Meghalaya)" title="People's Democratic Front (Meghalaya)">People's Democratic Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashtriya_Janata_Dal" title="Rashtriya Janata Dal">Rashtriya Janata Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashtriya_Lok_Janshakti_Party" title="Rashtriya Lok Janshakti Party">Rashtriya Lok Janshakti Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashtriya_Lok_Samta_Party" title="Rashtriya Lok Samta Party">Rashtriya Lok Samta Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashtriya_Loktantrik_Party" title="Rashtriya Loktantrik Party">Rashtriya Loktantrik Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Goans_Party" title="Revolutionary Goans Party">Revolutionary Goans Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Socialist_Party_(India)" title="Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)">Revolutionary Socialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samajwadi_Party" title="Samajwadi Party">Samajwadi Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiromani_Akali_Dal" title="Shiromani Akali Dal">Shiromani Akali Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiv_Sena" title="Shiv Sena">Shiv Sena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiv_Sena_(UBT)" title="Shiv Sena (UBT)">Shiv Sena (Uddhav Balasaheb Thackeray)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikkim_Democratic_Front" title="Sikkim Democratic Front">Sikkim Democratic Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikkim_Krantikari_Morcha" title="Sikkim Krantikari Morcha">Sikkim Krantikari Morcha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telugu_Desam_Party" title="Telugu Desam Party">Telugu Desam Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tipra_Motha_Party" title="Tipra Motha Party">Tipra Motha Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Democratic_Party_(Meghalaya)" title="United Democratic Party (Meghalaya)">United Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_People%27s_Party,_Liberal" title="United People's Party, Liberal">United People's Party, Liberal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voice_of_the_People_Party_(Meghalaya)" title="Voice of the People Party (Meghalaya)">Voice of the People Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viduthalai_Chiruthaigal_Katchi" title="Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi">Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuvajana_Sramika_Rythu_Congress_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Yuvajana Sramika Rythu Congress Party">Yuvajana Sramika Rythu Congress Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoram_Nationalist_Party" title="Zoram Nationalist Party">Zoram Nationalist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoram_People%27s_Movement" title="Zoram People's Movement">Zoram People's Movement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unrecognized<br />parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahila_India_Naadalum_Makkal_Katchi" title="Ahila India Naadalum Makkal Katchi">Ahila India Naadalum Makkal Katchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Rajakulathor_Peravai" title="All India Rajakulathor Peravai">All India Rajakulathor Peravai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambedkarite_Party_of_India" title="Ambedkarite Party of India">Ambedkarite Party of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amma_Makkal_Munnettra_Kazagam" class="mw-redirect" title="Amma Makkal Munnettra Kazagam">Amma Makkal Munnettra Kazagam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gana_Suraksha_Party" title="Gana Suraksha Party">Gana Suraksha Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Unity_Centre_of_India_(Communist)" title="Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)">Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apna_Dal_(Kamerawadi)" title="Apna Dal (Kamerawadi)">Apna Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azad_Samaj_Party_(Kanshi_Ram)" title="Azad Samaj Party (Kanshi Ram)">Azad Samaj Party (Kanshi Ram)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahujan_Mukti_Party" title="Bahujan Mukti Party">Bahujan Mukti Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharipa_Bahujan_Mahasangh" title="Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangh">Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Tribal_Party" title="Bharatiya Tribal Party">Bharatiya Tribal Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Marxist_Party" title="Communist Marxist Party">Communist Marxist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_(Secular)" title="Congress (Secular)">Congress (Secular)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Azad_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Azad Party">Democratic Azad Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Socialist_Party_(Prabodh_Chandra)" title="Democratic Socialist Party (Prabodh Chandra)">Democratic Socialist Party (Prabodh Chandra)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desiya_Makkal_Sakthi_Katchi" title="Desiya Makkal Sakthi Katchi">Desiya Makkal Sakthi Katchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goa_Vikas_Party" title="Goa Vikas Party">Goa Vikas Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gondwana_Ganatantra_Party" title="Gondwana Ganatantra Party">Gondwana Ganatantra Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorkha_Janmukti_Morcha" title="Gorkha Janmukti Morcha">Gorkha Janmukti Morcha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamro_Sikkim_Party" title="Hamro Sikkim Party">Hamro Sikkim Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Janta_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindustan Janta Party">Hindustan Janta Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindustani_Awam_Morcha" title="Hindustani Awam Morcha">Hindustani Awam Morcha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikkjutt_Jammu" title="Ikkjutt Jammu">Ikkjutt Jammu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indhiya_Jananayaga_Katchi" class="mw-redirect" title="Indhiya Jananayaga Katchi">Indhiya Jananayaga Katchi</a></li> <li><a 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