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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#17th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>17th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-17th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-18th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#18th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>18th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-18th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-19th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#19th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>19th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-19th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>20th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-21st_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#21st_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>21st century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-21st_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Geological_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geological_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Geological history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geological_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Topography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Topography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Topography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Topography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Villages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Villages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Villages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Villages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2020_census" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2020_census"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>2020 census</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2020_census-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Economy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Income" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Income"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Income</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Income-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arts_and_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arts_and_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Arts and culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Arts_and_culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Arts and culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Arts_and_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Points_of_interest" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Points_of_interest"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Points of interest</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Points_of_interest-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Government</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Government-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Government subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-City" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#City"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>City</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-City-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-County" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#County"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>County</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-County-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-State" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#State"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>State</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-State-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Federal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Federal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Federal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Federal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Education-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Education subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Public_schools" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_schools"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Public schools</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_schools-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Elementary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Elementary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1.1</span> <span>Elementary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Elementary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Middle_schools" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Middle_schools"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1.2</span> <span>Middle schools</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Middle_schools-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-High_schools" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#High_schools"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1.3</span> <span>High schools</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-High_schools-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Private_schools" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Private_schools"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Private schools</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Private_schools-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Higher_education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Higher_education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Higher education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Higher_education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Former_colleges" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Former_colleges"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>Former colleges</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Former_colleges-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Newton_Junior_College" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Newton_Junior_College"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4.1</span> <span>Newton Junior College</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Newton_Junior_College-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Others" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Others"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4.2</span> <span>Others</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Others-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Media</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Media-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Media subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-News" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#News"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>News</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-News-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Television" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Television"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Television</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Television-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Radio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Radio</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infrastructure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrastructure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Infrastructure</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Infrastructure subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hospital" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hospital"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Hospital</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hospital-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Transportation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_safety" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_safety"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Public safety</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_safety-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cemeteries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cemeteries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Cemeteries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cemeteries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Sister cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Newton, Massachusetts</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 48 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-48" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">48 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%86_(%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B3)" title="نيوتن (ماساتشوستس) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نيوتن (ماساتشوستس)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D8%8C_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%DA%86%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="نیوتون، ماساچوست – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="نیوتون، ماساچوست" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton_(Massachusetts)" title="Newton (Massachusetts) – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Newton (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8C%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81)" title="Ньютан (Масачусетс) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ньютан (Масачусетс)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8E%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BD_(%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81)" title="Нютън (Масачузетс) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Нютън (Масачузетс)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton_(Massachusetts)" title="Newton (Massachusetts) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Newton (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton_(lungsod_sa_Tinipong_Bansa,_Massachusetts)" title="Newton (lungsod sa Tinipong Bansa, Massachusetts) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Newton (lungsod sa Tinipong Bansa, Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton,_Massachusetts" title="Newton, Massachusetts – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Newton, Massachusetts" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton_(Massachusetts)" title="Newton (Massachusetts) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Newton (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton_(Massachusetts)" title="Newton (Massachusetts) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Newton (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton_(Masa%C4%89useco)" title="Newton (Masaĉuseco) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Newton (Masaĉuseco)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton_(Massachusetts)" title="Newton (Massachusetts) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Newton (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D8%8C_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%DA%86%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="نیوتون، ماساچوست – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نیوتون، ماساچوست" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton_(Massachusetts)" title="Newton (Massachusetts) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Newton (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton,_Massachusetts" title="Newton, Massachusetts – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Newton, Massachusetts" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton,_Massachusetts" title="Newton, Massachusetts – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Newton, Massachusetts" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%DB%8A%D8%AA%D9%86_(%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%DA%86%DB%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA)" title="نیۊتن (ماساچۊست) – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="نیۊتن (ماساچۊست)" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%89%B4%ED%84%B4_(%EB%A7%A4%EC%82%AC%EC%B6%94%EC%84%B8%EC%B8%A0%EC%A3%BC)" title="뉴턴 (매사추세츠주) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="뉴턴 (매사추세츠주)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton,_Massachusetts" title="Newton, Massachusetts – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Newton, Massachusetts" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton_(Massachusetts)" title="Newton (Massachusetts) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Newton (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8C%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81)" title="Ньютон (Массачусетс) – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ньютон (Массачусетс)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton,_Massachusetts" title="Newton, Massachusetts – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Newton, Massachusetts" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton,_Massachusetts" title="Newton, Massachusetts – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Newton, Massachusetts" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8C%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81)" title="Ньютон (Массачусетс) – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Ньютон (Массачусетс)" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton_(Massachusetts)" title="Newton (Massachusetts) – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Newton (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton,_Massachusetts" title="Newton, Massachusetts – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Newton, Massachusetts" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%86_(%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%B3)" title="نيوتن (ميدلسيكس) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نيوتن (ميدلسيكس)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton_(Massachusetts)" title="Newton (Massachusetts) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Newton (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%83%B3_(%E3%83%9E%E3%82%B5%E3%83%81%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BB%E3%83%83%E3%83%84%E5%B7%9E)" title="ニュートン (マサチューセッツ州) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ニュートン (マサチューセッツ州)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8C%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81)" title="Ньютон (Массачусетс) – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Ньютон (Массачусетс)" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton_(Massachusetts)" title="Newton (Massachusetts) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Newton (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton_(Massachusetts)" title="Newton (Massachusetts) – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Newton (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton_(Massachusetts)" title="Newton (Massachusetts) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Newton (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton_(Massachusetts)" title="Newton (Massachusetts) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Newton (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8C%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81)" title="Ньютон (Массачусетс) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ньютон (Массачусетс)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton,_Massachusetts" title="Newton, Massachusetts – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Newton, Massachusetts" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8A%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81)" title="Њутон (Масачусетс) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Њутон (Масачусетс)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton,_Massachusetts" title="Newton, Massachusetts – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Newton, Massachusetts" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton,_Massachusetts" title="Newton, Massachusetts – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Newton, Massachusetts" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8C%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81)" title="Ньютон (Массачусетс) – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Ньютон (Массачусетс)" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton,_Massachusetts" title="Newton, Massachusetts – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Newton, Massachusetts" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8C%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81)" title="Ньютон (Массачусетс) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ньютон (Массачусетс)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%B9%D9%86%D8%8C_%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%A7%DA%86%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%B9%D8%B3" title="نیوٹن، میساچوسٹس – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نیوٹن، میساچوسٹس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton,_Massachusetts" title="Newton, Massachusetts – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Newton, Massachusetts" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton_(Massachusetts)" title="Newton (Massachusetts) – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Newton (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton,_Massachusetts" title="Newton, Massachusetts – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Newton, Massachusetts" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%89%9B%E9%A1%BF_(%E9%A9%AC%E8%90%A8%E8%AF%B8%E5%A1%9E%E5%B7%9E)" title="牛顿 (马萨诸塞州) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="牛顿 (马萨诸塞州)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Njuton_(Massacusets)" title="Njuton (Massacusets) – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Njuton (Massacusets)" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q49196#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Newton,_Massachusetts&params=42_20_13_N_71_12_35_W_region:US-MA_type:city(88923)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">42°20′13″N</span> <span class="longitude">71°12′35″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.33694°N 71.20972°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">42.33694; -71.20972</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in Massachusetts, United States</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in Massachusetts, United States</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Newton, Massachusetts</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Massachusetts" title="List of municipalities in Massachusetts">City</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow ib-settlement-official"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">City of Newton</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:City_Hall_in_Newton,_Massachusetts.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="City Hall"><img alt="City Hall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/City_Hall_in_Newton%2C_Massachusetts.jpg/250px-City_Hall_in_Newton%2C_Massachusetts.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/City_Hall_in_Newton%2C_Massachusetts.jpg/375px-City_Hall_in_Newton%2C_Massachusetts.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/City_Hall_in_Newton%2C_Massachusetts.jpg/500px-City_Hall_in_Newton%2C_Massachusetts.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">City Hall</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Newton,_Massachusetts.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Newton, Massachusetts"><img alt="Flag of Newton, Massachusetts" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Flag_of_Newton%2C_Massachusetts.svg/100px-Flag_of_Newton%2C_Massachusetts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Flag_of_Newton%2C_Massachusetts.svg/150px-Flag_of_Newton%2C_Massachusetts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Flag_of_Newton%2C_Massachusetts.svg/200px-Flag_of_Newton%2C_Massachusetts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="297" data-file-height="245" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_Newton,_Massachusetts.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Official seal of Newton, Massachusetts"><img alt="Official seal of Newton, Massachusetts" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Seal_of_Newton%2C_Massachusetts.svg/100px-Seal_of_Newton%2C_Massachusetts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Seal_of_Newton%2C_Massachusetts.svg/150px-Seal_of_Newton%2C_Massachusetts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Seal_of_Newton%2C_Massachusetts.svg/200px-Seal_of_Newton%2C_Massachusetts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="109" data-file-height="109" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Seal</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Nickname: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">"The Garden City"</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Motto(s): <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">"Liberty and Union"</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Middlesex_County_Massachusetts_incorporated_and_unincorporated_areas_Newton_highlighted.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location in Middlesex County, Massachusetts"><img alt="Location in Middlesex County, Massachusetts" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Middlesex_County_Massachusetts_incorporated_and_unincorporated_areas_Newton_highlighted.svg/250px-Middlesex_County_Massachusetts_incorporated_and_unincorporated_areas_Newton_highlighted.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Middlesex_County_Massachusetts_incorporated_and_unincorporated_areas_Newton_highlighted.svg/375px-Middlesex_County_Massachusetts_incorporated_and_unincorporated_areas_Newton_highlighted.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Middlesex_County_Massachusetts_incorporated_and_unincorporated_areas_Newton_highlighted.svg/500px-Middlesex_County_Massachusetts_incorporated_and_unincorporated_areas_Newton_highlighted.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1203" data-file-height="976" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Location in Middlesex County, Massachusetts</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:USA_Massachusetts_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Newton, Massachusetts is located in Massachusetts"><img alt="Newton, Massachusetts is located in Massachusetts" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/USA_Massachusetts_location_map.svg/250px-USA_Massachusetts_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/USA_Massachusetts_location_map.svg/375px-USA_Massachusetts_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/USA_Massachusetts_location_map.svg/500px-USA_Massachusetts_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="717" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:36.336%;left:62.257%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Newton, Massachusetts"><img alt="Newton, Massachusetts" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Newton, Massachusetts</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in the United States</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Massachusetts</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Usa_edcp_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Newton, Massachusetts is located in the United States"><img alt="Newton, Massachusetts is located in the United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Usa_edcp_location_map.svg/250px-Usa_edcp_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Usa_edcp_location_map.svg/375px-Usa_edcp_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Usa_edcp_location_map.svg/500px-Usa_edcp_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="731" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:28.28%;left:89.245%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Newton, Massachusetts"><img alt="Newton, Massachusetts" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:4px"><div>Newton, Massachusetts</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Newton, Massachusetts (the United States)</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of the United States</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:North_America_laea_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Newton, Massachusetts is located in North America"><img alt="Newton, Massachusetts is located in North America" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/North_America_laea_location_map.svg/250px-North_America_laea_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="251" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/North_America_laea_location_map.svg/375px-North_America_laea_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/North_America_laea_location_map.svg/500px-North_America_laea_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="514" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:51.587%;left:75.122%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Newton, Massachusetts"><img alt="Newton, Massachusetts" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:4px"><div>Newton, Massachusetts</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Newton, Massachusetts (North America)</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of North America</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Newton,_Massachusetts&params=42_20_13_N_71_12_35_W_region:US-MA_type:city(88923)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">42°20′13″N</span> <span class="longitude">71°12′35″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.33694°N 71.20972°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">42.33694; -71.20972</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">State</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Massachusetts" title="List of counties in Massachusetts">County</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Middlesex_County,_Massachusetts" title="Middlesex County, Massachusetts">Middlesex</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Settled</th><td class="infobox-data">1630</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Incorporated (Town)</th><td class="infobox-data">1681</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Incorporated (City)</th><td class="infobox-data">1874</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mayor%E2%80%93council" class="mw-redirect" title="Mayor–council">Mayor–council</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Mayor</th><td class="infobox-data">Ruthanne Fuller<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-CenPopGazetteer2020_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CenPopGazetteer2020-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">18.16 sq mi (47.03 km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Land</th><td class="infobox-data">17.83 sq mi (46.17 km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Water</th><td class="infobox-data">0.33 sq mi (0.86 km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">100 ft (30 m)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(<a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 United States Census">2020</a>)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">88,923</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">4,987.83/sq mi (1,925.84/km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%925" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC−5">UTC−5</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Standard_Time_Zone" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Standard Time Zone">Eastern</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%924" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC−4">UTC−4</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Standard_Time_Zone" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Standard Time Zone">Eastern</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">ZIP Codes</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">02458–02462, 02464–02468</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbering_plan" title="Telephone numbering plan">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Area_code_617" class="mw-redirect" title="Area code 617">617</a>/<a href="/wiki/Area_code_857" class="mw-redirect" title="Area code 857">857</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Federal_Information_Processing_Standard" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Information Processing Standard">FIPS code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">25-45560</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_Names_Information_System" title="Geographic Names Information System">GNIS</a> feature ID</th><td class="infobox-data">0617675</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newtonma.gov/">www.newtonma.gov</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Newton</b> is a city in <a href="/wiki/Middlesex_County,_Massachusetts" title="Middlesex County, Massachusetts">Middlesex County, Massachusetts</a>, United States. It is roughly 8 miles (13 km) west of <a href="/wiki/Downtown_Boston" title="Downtown Boston">downtown Boston</a>, and comprises a patchwork of thirteen villages. The city borders <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a> to the northeast and southeast (via the neighborhoods of <a href="/wiki/Brighton,_Boston" title="Brighton, Boston">Brighton</a> and <a href="/wiki/West_Roxbury" title="West Roxbury">West Roxbury</a>), <a href="/wiki/Brookline,_Massachusetts" title="Brookline, Massachusetts">Brookline</a> to the east, <a href="/wiki/Watertown,_Massachusetts" title="Watertown, Massachusetts">Watertown</a> and <a href="/wiki/Waltham,_Massachusetts" title="Waltham, Massachusetts">Waltham</a> to the north, and <a href="/wiki/Weston,_Massachusetts" title="Weston, Massachusetts">Weston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wellesley,_Massachusetts" title="Wellesley, Massachusetts">Wellesley</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Needham,_Massachusetts" title="Needham, Massachusetts">Needham</a> to the west. At the 2020 U.S. census, the population of Newton was 88,923.<sup id="cite_ref-United_States_Census_Bureau_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-United_States_Census_Bureau-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Newton is home to the <a href="/wiki/Charles_River" title="Charles River">Charles River</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crystal_Lake_(Newton,_Massachusetts)" title="Crystal Lake (Newton, Massachusetts)">Crystal Lake</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Heartbreak_Hill_(Boston_Marathon)" class="mw-redirect" title="Heartbreak Hill (Boston Marathon)">Heartbreak Hill</a>, among other landmarks. It is served by several streets and highways (including <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Route_9" title="Massachusetts Route 9">Route 9</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hammond_Pond_Parkway" title="Hammond Pond Parkway">Hammond Pond Parkway</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Mass_Pike" class="mw-redirect" title="Mass Pike">Mass Pike</a>), as well as the <a href="/wiki/Green_Line_D_branch" title="Green Line D branch">Green Line D branch</a> run by the MBTA. </p><p>Historically, the area that is now Newton was settled in 1639, and was originally first part of <a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts" title="Cambridge, Massachusetts">Cambridge</a> (then called "the newe towne"). It split from Cambridge in 1681, and became known by its present name of Newton in 1766. It then became a city in 1874. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2024</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Newton,_Massachusetts" title="Special:EditPage/Newton, Massachusetts">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Newton%2C+Massachusetts%22+history">"Newton, Massachusetts" history</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Newton%2C+Massachusetts%22+history+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Newton%2C+Massachusetts%22+history&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Newton%2C+Massachusetts%22+history+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Newton%2C+Massachusetts%22+history">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Newton%2C+Massachusetts%22+history&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="17th_century">17th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 17th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Newton was originally part of "the newe towne", which was settled in 1630 and renamed <a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts" title="Cambridge, Massachusetts">Cambridge</a> in 1638. The first English settlement of what is now Newton began in 1639. Roxbury minister <a href="/wiki/John_Eliot_(missionary)" title="John Eliot (missionary)">John Eliot</a> persuaded the Native American people of Nonantum, a sub-tribe of the <a href="/wiki/Massachusett_(tribe)" class="mw-redirect" title="Massachusett (tribe)">Massachusett</a> led by a <a href="/wiki/Sachem" title="Sachem">sachem</a> named <a href="/wiki/Waban" title="Waban">Waban</a>, to relocate to <a href="/wiki/Natick" class="mw-redirect" title="Natick">Natick</a> in 1651, fearing that they would be exploited by colonists.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Newton was incorporated as a separate <a href="/wiki/New_England_town" title="New England town">town</a>, known as Cambridge Village, on December 15, 1681, then renamed Newtown in 1691, and finally Newton in 1766.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It became a city on January 5, 1874. Newton is known as <i>The Garden City</i>. </p><p>In the early 1600s, <a href="/wiki/Watertown,_Massachusetts" title="Watertown, Massachusetts">Watertown</a> had claimed a large area of land on the south side of the Charles River (modern-day Newton). They gave it up to Newtown, except for a strip "two hundred rods long and sixty rods wide" to "protect their fishing privileges".<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 82">: 82 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="18th_century">18th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 18th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <i><a href="/wiki/Reflections_in_Bullough%27s_Pond" title="Reflections in Bullough's Pond">Reflections in Bullough's Pond</a></i>, Newton historian <a href="/wiki/Diana_Muir" class="mw-redirect" title="Diana Muir">Diana Muir</a> describes the early industries that developed in the late 18th and early 19th centuries in a series of mills built to take advantage of the water power available at <a href="/wiki/Newton_Upper_Falls,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Newton Upper Falls, Massachusetts">Newton Upper Falls</a> and <a href="/wiki/Newton_Lower_Falls,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Newton Lower Falls, Massachusetts">Newton Lower Falls</a>. Snuff, chocolate, glue, paper and other products were produced in these small mills but, according to Muir, the water power available in Newton was not sufficient to turn Newton into a manufacturing city, although it was, beginning in 1902, the home of the Stanley Motor Carriage Company, the maker of the <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Steamer" class="mw-redirect" title="Stanley Steamer">Stanley Steamer</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="19th_century">19th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 19th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nineteenth-century Newton, following the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>, was a patchwork of villages. The northern villages of <a href="/wiki/Auburndale,_Massachusetts" title="Auburndale, Massachusetts">Auburndale</a>, <a href="/wiki/Newton_Corner" class="mw-redirect" title="Newton Corner">Newton Corner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Newtonville,_Massachusetts" title="Newtonville, Massachusetts">Newtonville</a>, and <a href="/wiki/West_Newton,_Massachusetts" title="West Newton, Massachusetts">West Newton</a> were the most affluent.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 248">: 248 </span></sup> In contrast, both <a href="/wiki/Waban,_Massachusetts" title="Waban, Massachusetts">Waban</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chestnut_Hill,_Massachusetts" title="Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts">Chestnut Hill</a> were sparsely populated.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 249">: 249 </span></sup> </p><p>Several village-based "improvement societies" were founded by residents between 1878 and 1904. No citywide improvement society was ever founded.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 249–250">: 249–250 </span></sup> </p><p>Newton, according to Muir, became one of North America's earliest commuter suburbs. The <a href="/wiki/Boston_and_Albany_Railroad" title="Boston and Albany Railroad">Boston and Worcester</a>, one of North America's earliest railroads, reached <a href="/wiki/West_Newton,_Massachusetts" title="West Newton, Massachusetts">West Newton</a> in 1834. Wealthy Bostonian businessmen took advantage of the new commuting opportunity offered by the railroad, building gracious homes on erstwhile farmland of <a href="/wiki/West_Newton,_Massachusetts" title="West Newton, Massachusetts">West Newton</a> hill and on Commonwealth street. Muir points out that these early commuters needed sufficient wealth to employ a groom and keep horses, to drive them from their hilltop homes to the station.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_century">20th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 20th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Further suburbanization came in waves. One wave began with the streetcar lines that made many parts of Newton accessible for commuters in the late nineteenth century. The next wave came in the 1920s when automobiles became affordable to a growing upper middle class. Even then, however, <a href="/wiki/Oak_Hill,_Massachusetts" title="Oak Hill, Massachusetts">Oak Hill</a> continued to be farmed, mostly market gardening, until the prosperity of the 1950s made all of Newton more densely settled.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="21st_century">21st century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 21st century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Two of the 9/11 hijackers stayed in Newton the night before the attack. The hijackers of American Airlines Flight 11 spent their last night in Newton's Park Inn, an economy motel across the street from the Chestnut Hill Mall and within walking distance of The Atrium.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Runners_starting_uphill_at_Walnut_St._BM2024.agr.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Runners_starting_uphill_at_Walnut_St._BM2024.agr.jpg/220px-Runners_starting_uphill_at_Walnut_St._BM2024.agr.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Runners_starting_uphill_at_Walnut_St._BM2024.agr.jpg/330px-Runners_starting_uphill_at_Walnut_St._BM2024.agr.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Runners_starting_uphill_at_Walnut_St._BM2024.agr.jpg/440px-Runners_starting_uphill_at_Walnut_St._BM2024.agr.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>Runners in the <a href="/wiki/2024_Boston_Marathon" title="2024 Boston Marathon">2024 Boston Marathon</a> pass through the intersection of Commonwealth Avenue and Walnut Street in Newton</figcaption></figure> <p>Each April on <a href="/wiki/Patriots%27_Day" title="Patriots' Day">Patriots' Day</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Marathon" title="Boston Marathon">Boston Marathon</a> is run through the city, entering from <a href="/wiki/Wellesley,_Massachusetts" title="Wellesley, Massachusetts">Wellesley</a> on <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Route_16" title="Massachusetts Route 16">Route 16</a> (Washington Street) where runners encounter the first of the four infamous <i>Newton Hills</i>. It then turns right onto <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Route_30" title="Massachusetts Route 30">Route 30</a> (Commonwealth Avenue) for the long haul into Boston. There are two more hills before reaching Centre Street, and then the fourth and most noted, <a href="/wiki/Boston_Marathon#Heartbreak_Hill" title="Boston Marathon">Heartbreak Hill</a>, rises shortly after Centre Street. Residents and visitors line the race route along Washington Street and Commonwealth Avenue to cheer the runners. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Union_Street_in_Newton_Centre.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Union_Street_in_Newton_Centre.jpg/170px-Union_Street_in_Newton_Centre.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Union_Street_in_Newton_Centre.jpg/255px-Union_Street_in_Newton_Centre.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Union_Street_in_Newton_Centre.jpg/340px-Union_Street_in_Newton_Centre.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>Newton Centre's Union Street in 2007</figcaption></figure> <p>Newton is a suburban city approximately 7 mi (11 km) from downtown Boston, in <a href="/wiki/Middlesex_County,_Massachusetts" title="Middlesex County, Massachusetts">Middlesex County</a>. It is also bordered by <a href="/wiki/Waltham,_Massachusetts" title="Waltham, Massachusetts">Waltham</a> and <a href="/wiki/Watertown,_Massachusetts" title="Watertown, Massachusetts">Watertown</a> on the north, <a href="/wiki/Needham,_Massachusetts" title="Needham, Massachusetts">Needham</a> and the <a href="/wiki/West_Roxbury,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="West Roxbury, Massachusetts">West Roxbury</a> neighborhood of Boston on the south, <a href="/wiki/Wellesley,_Massachusetts" title="Wellesley, Massachusetts">Wellesley</a> and <a href="/wiki/Weston,_Massachusetts" title="Weston, Massachusetts">Weston</a> on the west, and <a href="/wiki/Brookline,_Massachusetts" title="Brookline, Massachusetts">Brookline</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Brighton,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Brighton, Massachusetts">Brighton</a> neighborhood of Boston on the east. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Charles_River" title="Charles River">Charles River</a> flows along the north and west parts of Newton, and <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Route_128" title="Massachusetts Route 128">Route 128</a> passes through the western part of the city. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Turnpike" title="Massachusetts Turnpike">Mass Pike</a> passes through the more urbanized northern section of the city before heading into Boston. Additional major highways in Newton include <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Route_9" title="Massachusetts Route 9">Route 9</a>, serving the southern parts of the city, and <a href="/wiki/Hammond_Pond_Parkway" title="Hammond Pond Parkway">Hammond Pond Parkway</a>, which is the main north–south route through Chestnut Hill and provides access to Brookline and West Roxbury. </p><p>According to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a>, the city has a total area of 18.2 square miles (47.1 km<sup>2</sup>), of which 18.0 square miles (46.6 km<sup>2</sup>) is land and 0.2 square miles (0.5 km<sup>2</sup>) (0.82%) is water. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geological_history">Geological history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Geological history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_stratigraphic_units_and_structural_features_in_Massachusetts" title="List of stratigraphic units and structural features in Massachusetts">List of stratigraphic units and structural features in Massachusetts</a></div> <p>Geologically Newton is located within the topographic lowland of the Boston Basin of the <a href="/wiki/Appalachian_Mountains" title="Appalachian Mountains">Appalachian Mountain</a> chain.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This lowland is surrounded by a ring of highland <a href="/wiki/Drumlin" title="Drumlin">drumlins</a> which were left after the last glaciation twelve thousand years ago.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are several unique outcroppings of rocks around Newton where geologic history revealing of how territory have formed and has changed over the past hundreds millions of years of drift supercontinents and ancient oceans, earthquake activity associated with volcanism and related faulting activity and changing climate. There are mainly three types of bedrock: <a href="/wiki/Roxbury_Conglomerate" title="Roxbury Conglomerate">Roxbury Conglomerate</a>, Cambridge Argillite or Slate, and Brighton Volcanics and the <a href="/wiki/Mattapan_Volcanic_Complex" title="Mattapan Volcanic Complex">Mattapan Volcanics</a> pre-Cambrian foundation of Dedham Granodiorite. The Boston Border Fault and the Shawmut anticline of Newton formed as the alpine mountains of east-central Massachusetts were created.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unique outcroppings rocks exposure has steadily declined as Newton area has become increasingly developed. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Topography">Topography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Topography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Newton has grown around a formation of seven hills. "The general features of Newton are not without interest. Seven principal elevations mark its surface, like the seven hills of ancient Rome, with the difference that the seven hills of Newton are much more distinct than the seven hills of Rome: <a href="/wiki/Nonantum" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonantum">Nonantum</a> Hill, <a href="/wiki/Waban" title="Waban">Waban</a> Hill, <a href="/wiki/Chestnut_Hill,_Massachusetts" title="Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts">Chestnut Hill</a>, Bald Pate Hill, <a href="/wiki/Oak_Hill,_Massachusetts" title="Oak Hill, Massachusetts">Oak Hill</a>, Institution Hill and Mount Ida."<sup id="cite_ref-Smith_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Smith-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Villages">Villages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Villages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Newton,_Massachusetts" title="List of villages in Newton, Massachusetts">List of villages in Newton, Massachusetts</a></div> <p>Rather than having a single city center, Newton is a patchwork of thirteen villages, many boasting small downtown areas of their own. The 13 villages are: <a href="/wiki/Auburndale,_Massachusetts" title="Auburndale, Massachusetts">Auburndale</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chestnut_Hill,_Massachusetts" title="Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts">Chestnut Hill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Newton_Centre,_Massachusetts" title="Newton Centre, Massachusetts">Newton Centre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Newton_Corner,_Massachusetts" title="Newton Corner, Massachusetts">Newton Corner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Newton_Highlands,_Massachusetts" title="Newton Highlands, Massachusetts">Newton Highlands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Newton_Lower_Falls" title="Newton Lower Falls">Newton Lower Falls</a>, <a href="/wiki/Newton_Upper_Falls" title="Newton Upper Falls">Newton Upper Falls</a> (both on the <a href="/wiki/Charles_River" title="Charles River">Charles River</a>, and both former small industrial sites), <a href="/wiki/Newtonville,_Massachusetts" title="Newtonville, Massachusetts">Newtonville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nonantum,_Massachusetts" title="Nonantum, Massachusetts">Nonantum</a> (also known as Silver Lake or "The Lake"), <a href="/wiki/Oak_Hill,_Massachusetts" title="Oak Hill, Massachusetts">Oak Hill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thompsonville,_Massachusetts" title="Thompsonville, Massachusetts">Thompsonville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Waban,_Massachusetts" title="Waban, Massachusetts">Waban</a> and <a href="/wiki/West_Newton,_Massachusetts" title="West Newton, Massachusetts">West Newton</a>. <a href="/wiki/Oak_Hill_Park" title="Oak Hill Park">Oak Hill Park</a> is a place within the village of Oak Hill that itself is shown as a separate and distinct village on some <a href="/wiki/City_map" title="City map">city maps</a> (including a map dated 2010 on the official City of Newton website),<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Four Corners is also shown as a village on some city maps. Although most of the villages have a post office, they have no legal definition and no firmly defined borders. This village-based system often causes some confusion with addresses and for first-time visitors.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The record low temperature was −21 °F (−29 °C) in February 1934; the record high temperature was 101 °F (38 °C) in August 1975.<sup id="cite_ref-Weather.com_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Weather.com-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Newton, Massachusetts </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">68<br />(20) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">68<br />(20) </td> <td style="background: #FF4100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">89<br />(32) </td> <td style="background: #FF3300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">94<br />(34) </td> <td style="background: #FF3300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">93<br />(34) </td> <td style="background: #FF1F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">99<br />(37) </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">100<br />(38) </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">101<br />(38) </td> <td style="background: #FF1F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">99<br />(37) </td> <td style="background: #FF4800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">88<br />(31) </td> <td style="background: #FF6300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">81<br />(27) </td> <td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">74<br />(23) </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">101<br />(38) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34<br />(1) </td> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37<br />(3) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">44<br />(7) </td> <td style="background: #FFC489; color:#000000;" class="notheme">56<br />(13) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B37; color:#000000;" class="notheme">66<br />(19) </td> <td style="background: #FF7800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">76<br />(24) </td> <td style="background: #FF5D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">82<br />(28) </td> <td style="background: #FF6A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">79<br />(26) </td> <td style="background: #FF860D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">72<br />(22) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF60; color:#000000;" class="notheme">60<br />(16) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">50<br />(10) </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">39<br />(4) </td> <td style="background: #FFBD7C; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">58<br />(14) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #BBBBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17<br />(−8) </td> <td style="background: #C0C0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19<br />(−7) </td> <td style="background: #D6D6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27<br />(−3) </td> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">38<br />(3) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFC0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">48<br />(9) </td> <td style="background: #FFBD7C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57<br />(14) </td> <td style="background: #FFA852; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63<br />(17) </td> <td style="background: #FFA852; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62<br />(17) </td> <td style="background: #FFC489; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55<br />(13) </td> <td style="background: #FFF4EA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43<br />(6) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34<br />(1) </td> <td style="background: #D1D1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24<br />(−4) </td> <td style="background: #FFFBF8; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">41<br />(5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #5A5AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−14<br />(−26) </td> <td style="background: #4A4AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−21<br />(−29) </td> <td style="background: #7575FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5<br />(−21) </td> <td style="background: #9B9BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6<br />(−14) </td> <td style="background: #D6D6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27<br />(−3) </td> <td style="background: #F1F1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36<br />(2) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">44<br />(7) </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">39<br />(4) </td> <td style="background: #DBDBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28<br />(−2) </td> <td style="background: #C0C0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20<br />(−7) </td> <td style="background: #9595FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5<br />(−15) </td> <td style="background: #4F4FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−19<br />(−28) </td> <td style="background: #4A4AFF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−21<br />(−29) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> inches (mm) </th> <td style="background: #5BFF5B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.35<br />(110) </td> <td style="background: #4EFF4E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.24<br />(108) </td> <td style="background: #2BFF2B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.58<br />(142) </td> <td style="background: #4CFF4C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.55<br />(116) </td> <td style="background: #64FF64; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.11<br />(104) </td> <td style="background: #57FF57; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.31<br />(109) </td> <td style="background: #67FF67; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.02<br />(102) </td> <td style="background: #67FF67; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.03<br />(102) </td> <td style="background: #60FF60; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.06<br />(103) </td> <td style="background: #4DFF4D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.69<br />(119) </td> <td style="background: #44FF44; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.76<br />(121) </td> <td style="background: #46FF46; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.89<br />(124) </td> <td style="background: #52FF52; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">53.59<br />(1,360) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <sup id="cite_ref-Weather.com_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Weather.com-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1261442011">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1790_United_States_census" title="1790 United States census">1790</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,360</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1800_United_States_census" title="1800 United States census">1800</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,491</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+9.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1810_United_States_census" title="1810 United States census">1810</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,709</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+14.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1820_United_States_census" title="1820 United States census">1820</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,850</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+8.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb"><a href="/wiki/1830_United_States_census" title="1830 United States census">1830</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">2,376</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+28.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1840_United_States_census" title="1840 United States census">1840</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">3,351</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+41.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1850_United_States_census" title="1850 United States census">1850</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">5,258</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+56.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1860_United_States_census" title="1860 United States census">1860</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">8,382</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+59.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1870_United_States_census" title="1870 United States census">1870</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">12,825</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+53.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb"><a href="/wiki/1880_United_States_census" title="1880 United States census">1880</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">16,995</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+32.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1890_United_States_census" title="1890 United States census">1890</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">24,379</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+43.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1900_United_States_census" title="1900 United States census">1900</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">33,587</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+37.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1910_United_States_census" title="1910 United States census">1910</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">39,806</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+18.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1920_United_States_census" title="1920 United States census">1920</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">46,054</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+15.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb"><a href="/wiki/1930_United_States_census" title="1930 United States census">1930</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">65,276</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+41.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_census" title="1940 United States census">1940</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">69,873</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+7.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1950_United_States_census" title="1950 United States census">1950</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">81,994</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+17.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_census" title="1960 United States census">1960</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">92,384</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+12.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1970_United_States_census" title="1970 United States census">1970</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">91,263</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−1.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_census" title="1980 United States census">1980</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">83,622</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">−8.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1990_United_States_census" title="1990 United States census">1990</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">82,585</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−1.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_census" title="2000 United States census">2000</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">83,829</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_census" title="2010 United States census">2010</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">85,146</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">88,923</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+4.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2022*</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">87,381</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−1.7%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">* = population estimate. <br />Source: <a href="/wiki/United_States_census" title="United States census">United States census</a> records and <a href="/wiki/Population_Estimates_Program" title="Population Estimates Program">Population Estimates Program</a> data.<sup id="cite_ref-2010_Census_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2010_Census-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2000-2009_PopulationEstimates_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2000-2009_PopulationEstimates-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-1990_Census_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1990_Census-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-1980_Census_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1980_Census-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-1950_Census_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1950_Census-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-1920_Census_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1920_Census-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-1890_Census_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1890_Census-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-1870_Census_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1870_Census-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-1860_Census_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1860_Census-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-1850_Census_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1850_Census-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-1950_Census_Urban_populations_since_1790_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1950_Census_Urban_populations_since_1790-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Source: <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">U.S. Decennial Census<sup id="cite_ref-United_States_Census_Bureau_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-United_States_Census_Bureau-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2020_census">2020 census</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: 2020 census"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <caption><b>Newton, Massachusetts – Racial and ethnic composition</b><br /><small><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold"><i>Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.</i></span></small> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Race / Ethnicity <small>(<i>NH = Non-Hispanic</i>)</small> </th> <th>Pop 2000<sup id="cite_ref-2000CensusP004_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2000CensusP004-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Pop 2010<sup id="cite_ref-2010CensusP2_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2010CensusP2-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">Pop 2020<sup id="cite_ref-2020CensusP2_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2020CensusP2-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>% 2000 </th> <th>% 2010 </th> <th style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">% 2020 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_or_Latino_whites" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Hispanic or Latino whites">White</a> alone (NH) </td> <td>72,388 </td> <td>67,801 </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">62,303 </td> <td>86.35% </td> <td>79.63% </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">70.06% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_or_Latino_African_Americans" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans">Black or African American</a> alone (NH) </td> <td>1,584 </td> <td>2,008 </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">2,554 </td> <td>1.89% </td> <td>2.36% </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">2.87% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a> or <a href="/wiki/Alaska_Native" class="mw-redirect" title="Alaska Native">Alaska Native</a> alone (NH) </td> <td>43 </td> <td>56 </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">49 </td> <td>0.05% </td> <td>0.07% </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">0.06% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Asian</a> alone (NH) </td> <td>6,415 </td> <td>9,759 </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">14,681 </td> <td>7.65% </td> <td>11.46% </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">16.51% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islander_Americans" title="Pacific Islander Americans">Pacific Islander</a> alone (NH) </td> <td>18 </td> <td>18 </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">25 </td> <td>0.02% </td> <td>0.02% </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">0.03% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_census" title="Race and ethnicity in the United States census">Some Other Race</a> alone (NH) </td> <td>213 </td> <td>294 </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">765 </td> <td>0.25% </td> <td>0.35% </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">0.86% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Multiracial_Americans" title="Multiracial Americans">Mixed Race or Multi-Racial</a> (NH) </td> <td>1,057 </td> <td>1,734 </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">4,053 </td> <td>1.26% </td> <td>2.04% </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">4.56% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanic or Latino</a> (any race) </td> <td>2,111 </td> <td>3,476 </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">4,493 </td> <td>2.52% </td> <td>4.08% </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;">5.05% </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Total</b> </td> <td><b>83,829</b> </td> <td><b>85,146</b> </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;"><b>88,923</b> </td> <td><b>100.00%</b> </td> <td><b>100.00%</b> </td> <td style="background: #ffffe6;"><b>100.00%</b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>As of the census<sup id="cite_ref-GR2_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GR2-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of 2010, there were 85,146 people, 32,648 households, and 20,499 families residing in the city. The population density was 4,643.6 inhabitants per square mile (1,792.9/km<sup>2</sup>). There were 32,112 housing units at an average density of 1,778.8 per square mile (686.8/km<sup>2</sup>). The racial makeup of the city was 79.6% <a href="/wiki/White_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="White (U.S. Census)">White</a>, 11.5% <a href="/wiki/Asian_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian (U.S. Census)">Asian</a>, 2.5% <a href="/wiki/African_American_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="African American (U.S. Census)">African American</a>, 0.07% <a href="/wiki/Native_American_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Native American (U.S. Census)">Native American</a>, 0.03% <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islander_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)">Pacific Islander</a>, 0.71% from <a href="/wiki/Race_(United_States_Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Race (United States Census)">other races</a>, and 1.46% from two or more races. <a href="/wiki/Hispanic_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hispanic (U.S. Census)">Hispanic</a> or <a href="/wiki/Latino_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Latino (U.S. Census)">Latino</a> residents of any race were 4.1% of the population (0.7% <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Ricans_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Ricans in the United States">Puerto Rican</a>, 0.6% <a href="/wiki/Mexican_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Mexican American">Mexican</a>, 0.4% <a href="/wiki/Colombian_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Colombian American">Colombian</a>, 0.3% <a href="/wiki/Guatemalan_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Guatemalan American">Guatemalan</a>, 0.3% <a href="/wiki/Argentine_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Argentine American">Argentine</a>). (2010 Census Report: Census report Quickfacts.com) </p><p>Newton, along with neighboring <a href="/wiki/Brookline,_Massachusetts" title="Brookline, Massachusetts">Brookline</a>, is known for its significant <a href="/wiki/American_Jews" title="American Jews">Jewish</a> and Asian populations. The Jewish population as of 2002<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> was estimated to be 28,002.<sup id="cite_ref-jewestimates_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jewestimates-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There were 31,201 households, out of which 31.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.2% were married couples living together, 8.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.3% were non-families. Of all households, 25.5% were made up of individuals, and 11.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. As of the 2008 US Census, the average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 3.11. </p><p>In the city, 21.2% of the population was under the age of 18, 10.3% was from 18 to 24, 28.2% from 25 to 44, 25.2% from 45 to 64, and 15.1% was 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 86.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.7 males. </p><p>The median income for a household in the city was $107,696, and the median income for a family was $136,843. Males had a median income of $95,387 versus $60,520 for females. The per capita income for the city was $56,163. About 3.6% of families and 5.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.2% of those under age 18 and 9.4% of those age 65 or over.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 2015, 21.9% of the residents of Newton had been born outside of the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Newton's largest employers include <a href="/wiki/Boston_College" title="Boston College">Boston College</a> and <a href="/wiki/Newton-Wellesley_Hospital" title="Newton-Wellesley Hospital">Newton-Wellesley Hospital</a>. Companies based in Newton include <a href="/wiki/TechTarget" class="mw-redirect" title="TechTarget">TechTarget</a>, <a href="/wiki/CyberArk" title="CyberArk">CyberArk</a> and Upromise. Until July 2015, Newton was also home to the global headquarters of <a href="/wiki/TripAdvisor" class="mw-redirect" title="TripAdvisor">TripAdvisor</a>, the world's largest travel site, reaching nearly 280 million unique monthly visitors.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> TripAdvisor moved into a newly built headquarters in neighboring <a href="/wiki/Needham,_Massachusetts" title="Needham, Massachusetts">Needham</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Income">Income</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Income"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Massachusetts_locations_by_per_capita_income" title="List of Massachusetts locations by per capita income">List of Massachusetts locations by per capita income</a></div> <p>Data is from the 2009–2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr valign="bottom"> <th>Rank </th> <th>ZIP code (ZCTA) </th> <th>Per capita<br />income </th> <th>Median<br />household<br />income </th> <th>Median<br />family<br />income </th> <th>Population </th> <th>Number of<br />households </th></tr> <tr> <td>1 </td> <td>02468 </td> <td>$86,528 </td> <td>$201,731 </td> <td>$213,958 </td> <td>5,267 </td> <td>1,868 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 </td> <td>02465 </td> <td>$75,857 </td> <td>$139,763 </td> <td>$163,898 </td> <td>11,673 </td> <td>4,251 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 </td> <td>02462 </td> <td>$74,279 </td> <td>$83,438 </td> <td>$211,779 </td> <td>1,412 </td> <td>682 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 </td> <td>02459 </td> <td>$71,128 </td> <td>$133,801 </td> <td>$173,613 </td> <td>18,339 </td> <td>6,694 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td><i>Newton</i> </td> <td>$63,872 </td> <td>$119,148 </td> <td>$154,787 </td> <td>86,241 </td> <td>31,295 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 </td> <td>02460 </td> <td>$61,686 </td> <td>$102,276 </td> <td>$139,917 </td> <td>9,046 </td> <td>3,625 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 </td> <td>02461 </td> <td>$61,088 </td> <td>$122,283 </td> <td>$146,343 </td> <td>6,808 </td> <td>2,526 </td></tr> <tr> <td>7 </td> <td>02458 </td> <td>$59,071 </td> <td>$95,216 </td> <td>$132,207 </td> <td>11,602 </td> <td>4,791 </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 </td> <td>02467 </td> <td>$55,288 </td> <td>$115,493 </td> <td>$151,495 </td> <td>23,092 </td> <td>6,575 </td></tr> <tr> <td>9 </td> <td>02464 </td> <td>$51,744 </td> <td>$81,771 </td> <td>$83,816 </td> <td>2,947 </td> <td>1,337 </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 </td> <td>02466 </td> <td>$47,551 </td> <td>$105,893 </td> <td>$131,705 </td> <td>9,105 </td> <td>3,098 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Middlesex_County,_Massachusetts" title="Middlesex County, Massachusetts">Middlesex County</a></i> </td> <td>$42,861 </td> <td>$82,090 </td> <td>$104,032 </td> <td>1,522,533 </td> <td>581,120 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></i> </td> <td>$35,763 </td> <td>$66,866 </td> <td>$84,900 </td> <td>6,605,058 </td> <td>2,530,147 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></i> </td> <td>$28,155 </td> <td>$53,046 </td> <td>$64,719 </td> <td>311,536,594 </td> <td>115,610,216 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Arts_and_culture">Arts and culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Arts and culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The city is home to two symphony orchestras, the <a href="/wiki/New_Philharmonia_Orchestra_of_Massachusetts" title="New Philharmonia Orchestra of Massachusetts">New Philharmonia Orchestra of Massachusetts</a><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Newton Symphony Orchestra.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Joanne_Langione_Dance_Center" title="Joanne Langione Dance Center">Joanne Langione Dance Center</a>, an American youth dance school was founded in 1976.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Points_of_interest">Points of interest</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Points of interest"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1034237262">.mw-parser-output .stack{box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .stack>div{margin:1px;overflow:hidden}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-left{float:left;clear:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-right{float:right;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-left{float:left;clear:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-right{float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-left{float:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-right{float:right;margin-left:1em}}</style><div class="stack mw-stack stack-right"><div><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jackson_homestead.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Jackson_homestead.jpg/180px-Jackson_homestead.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Jackson_homestead.jpg/270px-Jackson_homestead.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Jackson_homestead.jpg/360px-Jackson_homestead.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="375" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Jackson_Homestead" title="Jackson Homestead">Jackson Homestead</a>.</figcaption></figure></div></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_Lake_(Newton,_Massachusetts)" title="Crystal Lake (Newton, Massachusetts)">Crystal Lake</a> is a 33-acre (13 ha) natural lake located in Newton Centre. Its shores, mostly lined with private homes, also host two small parks, a designated swimming area, and a bathhouse. Previously known as Wiswall's Pond, it became known as Crystal Lake sometime between 1855 and 1875. The name was given by a nineteenth-century commercial ice harvester that sold ice cut from the pond in winter.</li> <li>The Jackson Homestead, now the <a href="/wiki/Newton_History_Museum_at_the_Jackson_Homestead" class="mw-redirect" title="Newton History Museum at the Jackson Homestead">Newton History Museum at the Jackson Homesxtead</a>, is best known for its history as a stop on the <a href="/wiki/Underground_Railroad" title="Underground Railroad">Underground Railroad</a>. It was built in 1809 as a farmhouse designed in the <a href="/wiki/Federal_style_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal style architecture">Federal style</a>, and is now a museum with paintings, costumes, photographs, manuscripts, maps and historical artifacts.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_marathon#Heartbreak_Hill" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston marathon">Heartbreak Hill</a>, notably challenging stretch of the Boston Marathon, on Commonwealth Avenue between Centre Street and Boston College.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Newton is home to many exclusive golf courses such as Woodland Country Club, Charles River Country Club, and Brae Burn Country Club, which held the United States Open in 1919.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_Stable_and_Garage" title="City Stable and Garage">City Stable and Garage</a>, historic building</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/John_A._Fenno_House" title="John A. Fenno House">John A. Fenno House</a> is a historic house at 171 Lowell Avenue, built <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1854</span>, and a rare local example of Gothic Revival styling.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/House_at_173%E2%80%93175_Ward_Street" title="House at 173–175 Ward Street">House at 173–175 Ward Street</a> is one of the city's few Federal style houses, built <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1800</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Echo_Bridge" title="Echo Bridge">Echo Bridge</a> is a notable 19th-century masonry arch bridge<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with views of the river and Hemlock Gorge in <a href="/wiki/Hemlock_Gorge_Reservation" title="Hemlock Gorge Reservation">Hemlock Gorge Reservation</a> just off <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Route_9" title="Massachusetts Route 9">Route 9</a> in Newton Upper Falls.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norumbega_Park" title="Norumbega Park">Norumbega Park</a> was located in Auburndale on the Charles River. Opening in 1897 as a <a href="/wiki/Trolley_park" title="Trolley park">trolley park</a>, it was a popular <a href="/wiki/Amusement_park" title="Amusement park">amusement park</a> through the 1950s before closing in 1963. Its <a href="/wiki/Norumbega_Park" title="Norumbega Park">Totem Pole Ballroom</a> became a well-known dancing and entertainment venue for <a href="/wiki/Big_band" title="Big band">big bands</a> touring during the 1940s. The park is now a popular dog-walking site with hills, meadows, woods, and access to the river.</li></ul> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BCreservoir2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BCreservoir2.jpg/180px-BCreservoir2.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BCreservoir2.jpg/270px-BCreservoir2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/BCreservoir2.jpg/360px-BCreservoir2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Chestnut_Hill_Reservoir" title="Chestnut Hill Reservoir">Chestnut Hill Reservoir</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Auburndale Cove is a multipurpose picnic and recreational area on the Charles River just down the walking path from Norumbega Park.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chestnut_Hill_Reservoir" title="Chestnut Hill Reservoir">Chestnut Hill Reservoir</a> is a very popular park with residents of Newton, Brookline, and the Brighton section of Boston. Although completely within the Boston city limits, it is directly contiguous to the Newton city limits. Designed by <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Law_Olmsted" title="Frederick Law Olmsted">Frederick Law Olmsted</a>, the designer of Central Park in New York City and the Emerald Necklace in Boston, the park offers beautiful views of the Boston skyline, and is framed by stately homes and the campus of Boston College. Although not generally used to supply water to Boston, the reservoir was temporarily brought back online on May 1, 2010, during a failure of a connecting pipe at the end of the MetroWest Water Supply Tunnel.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bullough%27s_Pond" title="Bullough's Pond">Bullough's Pond</a> is an old mill pond transformed into a landscape feature when Newton became a suburban community in the late nineteenth century.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has been the subject of two books, <i>Reflections in Bullough's Pond: Economy and Ecosystem in New England,</i> by <a href="/wiki/Diana_Muir" class="mw-redirect" title="Diana Muir">Diana Muir</a>, and <i>Once Around Bullough's Pond: A Native American Epic,</i> by Douglas Worth. It was long maintained by the city as an ice skating venue, but skating is no longer allowed. A scene from the 2008 remake of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Women_(2008_film)" title="The Women (2008 film)">The Women</a></i> was filmed there.</li> <li>The city of Newton has designated several roads in the city as "scenic". Along with this designation come regulations aimed at curbing tree removal and trimming along the roads, as well as stemming the removal of historic stone walls.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city designated the following as scenic roads: Hobart Rd., Waban Ave., Sumner St., Chestnut St., Concord St., Dudley Rd., Fuller St., Hammond St., Valentine St., Lake Ave., Highland St., and Brookside Ave.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Baptist_Church_in_Newton_(Massachusetts)" title="First Baptist Church in Newton (Massachusetts)">The First Baptist Church in Newton Centre</a>, constructed in 1888, was designed by <a href="/wiki/John_Lyman_Faxon" title="John Lyman Faxon">John Lyman Faxon</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Richardsonian_Romanesque" title="Richardsonian Romanesque">Richardsonian Romanesque</a> style pioneered by architect <a href="/wiki/Henry_Hobson_Richardson" title="Henry Hobson Richardson">Henry Hobson Richardson</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/WHDH-TV_tower" title="WHDH-TV tower">WHDH-TV tower</a> is one of the tallest free-standing lattice towers in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government">Government</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Government"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Newton_Public_Library,_Massachusetts.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Newton_Public_Library%2C_Massachusetts.jpg/220px-Newton_Public_Library%2C_Massachusetts.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Newton_Public_Library%2C_Massachusetts.jpg/330px-Newton_Public_Library%2C_Massachusetts.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Newton_Public_Library%2C_Massachusetts.jpg/440px-Newton_Public_Library%2C_Massachusetts.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1986" /></a><figcaption>Newton Public Library</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="City">City</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: City"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Newton has an elected <a href="/wiki/Mayor%E2%80%93council_government" title="Mayor–council government">strong mayor-council</a> form of government. The council is called the City Council. The mayor is Ruthanne Fuller. Fuller is the first woman to be elected Mayor of Newton. </p><p>The elected officials are: </p> <ul><li>Mayor: Ruthanne Fuller, the city's chief executive officer and appoints the Chief Administrative Officer.</li> <li>The City Council, Newton's legislative branch of municipal government, is made up of 24 members – sixteen Councilors-at-large and eight Ward Councilors. Councilors are elected every two years.</li></ul> <p>As of November 2023, the makeup of the City Council is:<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Ward </th> <th>Ward Councilor </th> <th>At-large Councilor </th> <th>At-large Councilor </th></tr> <tr> <td>1 </td> <td>Maria Scibelli Greenberg </td> <td>Alison Leary </td> <td>John Oliver </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 </td> <td>David Micley </td> <td>Tarik Lucas </td> <td>Susan Albright </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 </td> <td>Julia Malakie </td> <td>Andrea Kelley </td> <td>Pam Wright </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 </td> <td>Randy Block </td> <td>Lenny Gentile </td> <td>Joshua Krintzman </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 </td> <td>Bill Humphrey </td> <td>Andreae Downs </td> <td>Rena Getz </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 </td> <td>Martha Bixby </td> <td>Alan Lobovits </td> <td>Vicki Danberg </td></tr> <tr> <td>7 </td> <td>R. Lisle Baker </td> <td>Rebecca Walker-Grossman </td> <td>Marc Laredo </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 </td> <td>Stephen Farrell </td> <td>Rick Lipof </td> <td>David Kalis </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Newton's school committee decides policies and budget for Newton Public Schools. It has nine voting members, consisting of the Mayor of Newton and eight at-large Ward representatives, who are elected.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="County">County</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: County"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mismanagement of Middlesex County's public hospital in the mid-1990s left the county on the brink of insolvency, and in 1997 the Massachusetts legislature stepped in by assuming all assets and obligations of the county. The government of Middlesex County was officially abolished on July 11, 1997. The sheriff and some other regional officials with specific duties are still elected locally to perform duties within the county region, but there is no county council or commission. However, communities are now granted the right to form their own regional compacts for sharing services. </p><p>These are the remaining elected officers for Middlesex County: </p> <ul><li>Clerk of Courts: <a href="/wiki/Michael_A._Sullivan_(politician)" title="Michael A. Sullivan (politician)">Michael A. Sullivan</a><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>County Treasurer: Position eliminated</li> <li>District Attorney: <a href="/wiki/Marian_T._Ryan" title="Marian T. Ryan">Marian T. Ryan</a><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Register of Deeds: Maria C. Curtatone<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Register of Probate: Tara E. DeCristofaro<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>County Sheriff: <a href="/wiki/Peter_Koutoujian" title="Peter Koutoujian">Peter J. Koutoujian Jr.</a><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="State">State</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: State"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_House_of_Representatives" title="Massachusetts House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a>: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_J._Lawn" title="John J. Lawn">John J. Lawn</a>, Democrat of Watertown: Tenth Middlesex District, includes Precincts 1 and 4 of Ward 1, Newton.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kay_Khan" title="Kay Khan">Kay Khan</a>, Democrat of Newton: Eleventh Middlesex District, includes precincts 2 and 3 of Ward 1, All precincts in Wards 2, 3 and 4 and precinct 2 of Ward 7, Newton.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Balser" title="Ruth Balser">Ruth Balser</a> Democrat of Newton: Twelfth Middlesex District, includes all precincts in Wards 5 and 6, precincts 1, 3 and 4 of Ward 7; and all precincts in Ward 8, Newton.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Senate" title="Massachusetts Senate">Senate</a>: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Stone_Creem" title="Cynthia Stone Creem">Cynthia Stone Creem</a>, Democrat of Newton: 1st Middlesex District and Norfolk, since 1998.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Federal">Federal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Federal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Congress </p> <ul><li>House of Representatives: <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 4th congressional district">Massachusetts's 4th congressional district</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jake_Auchincloss" title="Jake Auchincloss">Jake Auchincloss</a>, Democrat</li> <li>Senate: <a href="/wiki/Ed_Markey" title="Ed Markey">Ed Markey</a>, Democrat</li> <li>Senate: <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Warren" title="Elizabeth Warren">Elizabeth Warren</a>, Democrat</li></ul> <table class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin:1em; font-size:95%;"> <caption>Newton town vote by<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /> party in presidential elections </caption> <tbody><tr style="background:lightgrey;"> <th>Year </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="2020 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">2020</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>81.3%</b> <i>40,907</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">16.6% <i>8,357</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="2016 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">2016</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>77.6%</b> <i>36,463</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">16.5% <i>7,764</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="2012 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">2012</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>71.3%</b> <i>32,099</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">27.0% <i>12,154</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="2008 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">2008</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>75.0%</b> <i>33,360</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">23.1% <i>10,283</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="2004 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">2004</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>75.2%</b> <i>32,061</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">23.5% <i>10,025</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="2000 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">2000</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>73.0%</b> <i>29,918</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">19.8% <i>8,132</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1996 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1996</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>73.5%</b> <i>30,005</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">20.8% <i>8,499</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1992 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1992</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>65.2%</b> <i>29,136</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">21.5% <i>9,623</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/1988_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1988 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1988</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>66.8%</b> <i>29,039</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">32.0% <i>13,892</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/1984_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1984 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1984</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>62.7%</b> <i>27,343</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">37.1% <i>16,184</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1980 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1980</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>45.8%</b> <i>20,173</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">35.4% <i>15,621</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/1976_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1976 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1976</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>55.5%</b> <i>25,116</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">40.6% <i>18,372</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/1972_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1972 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1972</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>60.0%</b> <i>27,470</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">39.7% <i>18,172</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/1968_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1968 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1968</a><sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>67.8%</b> <i>29,427</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">29.8% <i>12,936</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/1964_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1964 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1964</a><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>77.0%</b> <i>34,854</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">22.4% <i>10,124</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1960 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1960</a><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>51.0%</b> <i>24,482</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">48.7% <i>23,421</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1956 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1956</a><sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">36.0% <i>16,650</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><b>63.9%</b> <i>29,546</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><a href="/wiki/1952_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1952 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1952</a><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">31.8% <i>14,492</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><b>68.0%</b> <i>31,087</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><a href="/wiki/1948_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1948 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1948</a><sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">33.8% <i>13,349</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><b>64.1%</b> <i>25,292</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><a href="/wiki/1944_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1944 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1944</a><sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">35.0% <i>13,670</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><b>64.8%</b> <i>25,268</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1940 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1940</a><sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">31.6% <i>12,101</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><b>67.7%</b> <i>25,629</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><a href="/wiki/1936_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1936 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1936</a><sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">31.1% <i>10,634</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><b>64.2%</b> <i>21,936</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><a href="/wiki/1932_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1932 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1932</a><sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">31.9% <i>9,514</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><b>66.6%</b> <i>19,892</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><a href="/wiki/1928_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1928 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1928</a><sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">36.3% <i>10,438</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><b>62.9%</b> <i>18,074</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><a href="/wiki/1924_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1924 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1924</a><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">19.2% <i>3,836</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><b>73.8%</b> <i>14,738</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><a href="/wiki/1920_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1920 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1920</a><sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">22.6% <i>3,689</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><b>75.9%</b> <i>12,407</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><a href="/wiki/1916_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1916 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1916</a><sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">35.5% <i>2,585</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><b>63.2%</b> <i>4,605</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><a href="/wiki/1912_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1912 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1912</a><sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">31.7% <i>2,022</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><b>39.5%</b> <i>2,515</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><a href="/wiki/1908_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1908 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1908</a><sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">25.5% <i>1,470</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><b>70.4%</b> <i>4,053</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><a href="/wiki/1904_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1904 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1904</a><sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">30.7% <i>1,658</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><b>67.0%</b> <i>3,613</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><a href="/wiki/1900_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1900 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1900</a><sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">28.0% <i>1,328</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><b>69.4%</b> <i>3,294</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><a href="/wiki/1896_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1896 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1896</a><sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">11.8% <i>525</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><b>80.5%</b> <i>3,570</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><a href="/wiki/1892_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1892 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1892</a><sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">40.1% <i>1,673</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><b>58.0%</b> <i>2,416</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1888 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1888</a><sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">39.0% <i>1,404</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><b>57.9%</b> <i>2,086</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><a href="/wiki/1884_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1884 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1884</a><sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">38.5% <i>1,158</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><b>52.9%</b> <i>1,594</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><a href="/wiki/1880_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1880 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1880</a><sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">26.4% <i>715</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><b>73.2%</b> <i>1,985</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><a href="/wiki/1876_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1876 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1876</a><sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">32.0% <i>832</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><b>68.0%</b> <i>1771</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><a href="/wiki/1872_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1872 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1872</a><sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">18.3% <i>285</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><b>81.7%</b> <i>1,272</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><a href="/wiki/1868_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1868 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1868</a><sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">23.7% <i>372</i> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><b>76.3%</b> <i>1,200</i> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="6">Voter Registration and Party Enrollment as of October 17, 2018<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Party </th> <th>Number of Voters </th> <th>Percentage </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#3333FF; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">25,517 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">42.30% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#E81B23; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4,110 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">6.81% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#DDDDBB; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td>Unaffiliated </td> <td style="text-align:center;">30,183 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">50.03% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FED105; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">120 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.20% </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Total </th> <th style="text-align:center;">60,323 </th> <th style="text-align:center;">100% </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_schools">Public schools</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Public schools"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Newton_North_High_School_panorama.agr.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Newton_North_High_School_panorama.agr.jpg/220px-Newton_North_High_School_panorama.agr.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Newton_North_High_School_panorama.agr.jpg/330px-Newton_North_High_School_panorama.agr.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Newton_North_High_School_panorama.agr.jpg/440px-Newton_North_High_School_panorama.agr.jpg 2x" data-file-width="9548" data-file-height="3726" /></a><figcaption>A panoramic view of Newton North High School</figcaption></figure> <p>Public education is provided by <a href="/wiki/Newton_Public_Schools" title="Newton Public Schools">Newton Public Schools</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Elementary">Elementary</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Elementary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li>Angier Elementary School</li> <li>Bowen Elementary School</li> <li>Burr Elementary School</li> <li>Cabot Elementary School</li> <li>Countryside Elementary School</li> <li>Franklin Elementary School</li> <li>Horace Mann Elementary School</li> <li>Lincoln Eliot Elementary School</li> <li>Mason Rice Elementary School</li> <li>Memorial Spaulding Elementary School</li> <li>Peirce Elementary School</li> <li>Underwood Elementary School</li> <li>Ward Elementary School</li> <li>Williams Elementary School</li> <li>Zervas Elementary School</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Middle_schools">Middle schools</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Middle schools"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li>Bigelow Middle School</li> <li>Brown Middle School</li> <li>Oak Hill Middle School</li> <li>F.A. Day Middle School</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="High_schools">High schools</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: High schools"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Newton_North_High_School" title="Newton North High School">Newton North High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton_South_High_School" title="Newton South High School">Newton South High School</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Private_schools">Private schools</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Private schools"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fessenden_School" title="Fessenden School">Fessenden School</a> is a K–9 day and 5–9 boarding school for boys.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Jackson School is a private, Catholic elementary school sponsored by the Sisters of Saint Joseph of Boston.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton_Country_Day_School" title="Newton Country Day School">Newton Country Day School</a><sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Schechter Boston is a K–8 Conservative Jewish day school.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Wellan Montessori (formerly Newton Montessori School) is a K–8 private school.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Alvernia_High_School" title="Mount Alvernia High School">Mount Alvernia High School</a> is a private girls' school for grades 7–12.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Alvernia_Academy" class="mw-redirect" title="Mount Alvernia Academy">Mount Alvernia Academy</a> is an independent Catholic School for preschool through grade 6.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Higher_education">Higher education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Higher education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Colleges and universities located in Newton include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston_College" title="Boston College">Boston College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Chestnut_Hill,_Massachusetts" title="Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts">Chestnut Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_College_Law_School" title="Boston College Law School">Boston College Law School</a> in <a href="/wiki/Newton_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Newton Centre">Newton Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_College" title="Hebrew College">Hebrew College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Newton_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Newton Centre">Newton Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lasell_University" title="Lasell University">Lasell University</a> in <a href="/wiki/Auburndale,_Massachusetts" title="Auburndale, Massachusetts">Auburndale</a></li> <li>Mount Ida Campus of UMass Amherst in <a href="/wiki/Oak_Hill,_Massachusetts" title="Oak Hill, Massachusetts">Oak Hill</a>, formerly the site of <a href="/wiki/Mount_Ida_College" title="Mount Ida College">Mount Ida College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_James_College" title="William James College">William James College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Oak_Hill,_Massachusetts" title="Oak Hill, Massachusetts">Oak Hill</a>, formerly Massachusetts School of Professional Psychology</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Former_colleges">Former colleges</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Former colleges"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Newton_Junior_College">Newton Junior College</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Newton Junior College"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Newton Junior College, operated by the Newton Public Schools, opened in 1946 to serve the needs of returning <a href="/wiki/Veterans" class="mw-redirect" title="Veterans">veterans</a> who otherwise would not have been able to continue their education due to the overcrowding of colleges and universities at that time. It used the facilities of Newton High School (now <a href="/wiki/Newton_North_High_School" title="Newton North High School">Newton North High School</a>) until its own adjacent campus was built. It closed in 1976 due to declining enrollment and increased costs.<sup id="cite_ref-ccc_107-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ccc-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The availability of such places as <a href="/wiki/UMass_Boston" class="mw-redirect" title="UMass Boston">UMass Boston</a> contributed to its demise. According to the city, its former campus is now "Claflin Park," a 25-unit multi-family development. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Others">Others</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Others"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Other former colleges include <a href="/wiki/Aquinas_College_(Massachusetts)" title="Aquinas College (Massachusetts)">Aquinas College</a> (1961–1999), <a href="/wiki/Mount_Alvernia_College" title="Mount Alvernia College">Mount Alvernia College</a> (1959–1973), <a href="/wiki/Mount_Ida_College" title="Mount Ida College">Mount Ida College</a> (1899–2018), and <a href="/wiki/Newton_College_of_the_Sacred_Heart" title="Newton College of the Sacred Heart">Newton College of the Sacred Heart</a> (1946–1975). <a href="/wiki/Andover_Newton_Theological_School" title="Andover Newton Theological School">Andover Newton Theological School</a> relocated to New Haven, Connecticut (1807–2017).<sup id="cite_ref-ccc_107-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ccc-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="News">News</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: News"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The city's community newspaper <i><a href="/wiki/Tab_Communications" title="Tab Communications">The Newton TAB</a></i>, a weekly print paper published by the <a href="/wiki/Community_Newspaper_Company" title="Community Newspaper Company">Community Newspaper Company</a>, and owned by Gatehouse Media, ceased print publication in May 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Newton <a href="/wiki/Patch_Media" title="Patch Media">Patch</a> covers daily local news out of Newton and offers a platform for locals to post opinion, events, news tips and blogs on the community online platform as well.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>The Newton Voice.</i> The Newton community is also served by its high school publications, including <a href="/wiki/Newton_North_High_School" title="Newton North High School">Newton North High School</a>'s <i>Newtonite</i> and <a href="/wiki/Newton_South_High_School" title="Newton South High School">Newton South High School</a>'s <i>Lion's Roar</i> and <i>Denebola</i>. Fig City News is a free, online community news resource founded by resident volunteers to cover local news and community events in Newton.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Boston_Globe" title="The Boston Globe">The Boston Globe</a></i> occasionally covers Newton. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Television">Television</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Television"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Residents of Newton have access to a state-of-the-art television studio and community media center, <a href="/wiki/NewTV" title="NewTV">NewTV</a>, located at 23 Needham Street in Newton Highlands. Newton is also home to <a href="/wiki/New_England_Cable_News" title="New England Cable News">NECN</a>, a regional news network owned by <a href="/wiki/NBC_Owned_Television_Stations" title="NBC Owned Television Stations">NBC</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Radio">Radio</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Radio"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From 1968 to 2017, the studios and transmitter of <a href="/wiki/WNTN" title="WNTN">WNTN</a> AM-1550 were on Rumford Avenue in Auburndale. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Infrastructure">Infrastructure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Infrastructure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hospital">Hospital</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Hospital"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Newton-Wellesley_Hospital" title="Newton-Wellesley Hospital">Newton-Wellesley Hospital</a> is located at 2014 Washington Street in Newton. <i><a href="/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report" title="U.S. News & World Report">U.S. News & World Report</a></i> ranks the hospital 13th best in the Boston metro area. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transportation">Transportation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Newton is well-served by three modes of mass transit run by the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Bay_Transportation_Authority" title="Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority">MBTA</a>: <a href="/wiki/Light_rail" title="Light rail">light rail</a>, <a href="/wiki/Commuter_rail" title="Commuter rail">commuter rail</a>, and bus service. The <a href="/wiki/Green_Line_D_branch" title="Green Line D branch">Green Line D branch</a>, (also known as the Riverside branch) is a light rail line running through the center of the city that makes very frequent trips to downtown Boston, ranging from 10 to 30 minutes away. The <a href="/wiki/Green_Line_B_branch" title="Green Line B branch">Green Line B branch</a> ends across from <a href="/wiki/Boston_College" title="Boston College">Boston College</a> on <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Avenue_(Boston)" title="Commonwealth Avenue (Boston)">Commonwealth Avenue</a>, virtually at the border of Boston's <a href="/wiki/Brighton,_Boston" title="Brighton, Boston">Brighton</a> neighborhood and the City of Newton (an area which encompasses an unincorporated suburban village referred to as <a href="/wiki/Chestnut_Hill,_Massachusetts" title="Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts">Chestnut Hill</a>). The <a href="/wiki/Framingham/Worcester_Line" title="Framingham/Worcester Line">MBTA Worcester commuter rail</a>, serving the northern villages of Newton that are proximate to Waltham, offers less frequent service to Boston. It runs from every half-an-hour during peak times to every couple of hours otherwise. The northern villages are also served by <a href="/wiki/List_of_MBTA_bus_routes#501-599" title="List of MBTA bus routes">frequent express buses</a> that go to downtown Boston via the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Turnpike" title="Massachusetts Turnpike">Massachusetts Turnpike</a> as well as Waltham. </p><p>Newton Centre, which is centered around the <a href="/wiki/Newton_Center_(MBTA_station)" class="mw-redirect" title="Newton Center (MBTA station)">MBTA station of the same name</a>, has been lauded as an example of <a href="/wiki/Transit-oriented_development" title="Transit-oriented development">transit-oriented development</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Turnpike" title="Massachusetts Turnpike">Massachusetts Turnpike</a> (<a href="/wiki/Interstate_90" title="Interstate 90">Interstate 90</a>), which basically follows the old <a href="/wiki/Boston_and_Albany_Railroad" title="Boston and Albany Railroad">Boston and Albany Railroad</a> main line right-of-way, runs east and west through Newton, while <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Route_128" title="Massachusetts Route 128">Route 128</a> (<a href="/wiki/Interstate_95_in_Massachusetts" title="Interstate 95 in Massachusetts">Interstate 95</a>) slices through the extreme western part of the city in the Lower Falls area. <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Route_30" title="Massachusetts Route 30">Route 30</a> (Commonwealth Avenue), <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Route_16" title="Massachusetts Route 16">Route 16</a> (Watertown Street west to West Newton, where it follows Washington Street west) and <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Route_9" title="Massachusetts Route 9">route 9</a> (Worcester Turnpike or Boylston Street) also run east and west through the city. Another major Boston (and Brookline) street, <a href="/wiki/Beacon_Street" title="Beacon Street">Beacon Street</a>, runs west from the Boston city line to Washington Street west of the hospital, where it terminates at Washington Street. </p><p>There are no major north–south roads through Newton: every north–south street in Newton terminates within Newton at one end or the other. The only possible exception is Needham Street, which is north–south at the border between Newton and <a href="/wiki/Needham,_Massachusetts" title="Needham, Massachusetts">Needham</a>, but it turns east and becomes Dedham Street, and when it reaches the Boston border, it goes south-east. </p><p>There are some north–south streets that are important to intra-Newton traveling. Centre Street runs south from the Watertown town line to Newton Highlands, where it becomes Winchester Street and terminates at Nahanton Street. Walnut Street runs south from Newtonville, where it starts at Crafts Street, down to Newton Highlands, where it ends at Dedham Street.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_safety">Public safety</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Public safety"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The City of Newton Police Department has 139 sworn officers. The Newton Fire Department is fully paid and operates six engine companies, three ladder companies, and one rescue company from six stations.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Newton,_Massachusetts" title="List of people from Newton, Massachusetts">List of people from Newton, Massachusetts</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cemeteries">Cemeteries</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Cemeteries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Parish_Burying_Ground" title="East Parish Burying Ground">East Parish Burying Ground</a>, called <i>Centre Street Cemetery</i> by the city, dates from 1664</li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Parish_Burying_Ground" title="West Parish Burying Ground">West Parish Burying Ground</a> (River Street Cemetery), West Newton, public</li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Mary%27s_Episcopal_Church_and_Cemetery" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Mary's Episcopal Church and Cemetery">St. Mary's Episcopal Church and Cemetery</a>, 258 Concord Avenue, Newton Lower Falls, private</li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Burying_Ground" title="South Burying Ground">South Burying Ground</a> called <i>Winchester Street Cemetery</i> or <i>Evergreen Cemetery</i> by the city, public</li> <li>Newton Cemetery & Arboretum, Newton Center, public</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Fig_Newton" class="mw-redirect" title="Fig Newton">Fig Newton</a> cookie is named after the city. In 1991, Newton and <a href="/wiki/Nabisco" title="Nabisco">Nabisco</a> hosted a celebration of the 100th anniversary of the Fig Newton. A 100-inch (250 cm) Fig Newton was served, and singer and guitarist <a href="/wiki/Juice_Newton" title="Juice Newton">Juice Newton</a> performed<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Several scenes from the 1994 film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Next_Karate_Kid" title="The Next Karate Kid">The Next Karate Kid</a></i> were filmed in Newton, including the house of the protagonist, who was played by <a href="/wiki/Hilary_Swank" title="Hilary Swank">Hilary Swank</a><sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Landay" title="William Landay">William Landay</a>'s 2012 crime-drama novel <i><a href="/wiki/Defending_Jacob" title="Defending Jacob">Defending Jacob</a></i> is set in Newton. The <a href="/wiki/Defending_Jacob_(miniseries)" title="Defending Jacob (miniseries)">web television miniseries</a> adaptation of the novel, starring <a href="/wiki/Chris_Evans_(actor)" title="Chris Evans (actor)">Chris Evans</a> as main character Andy Barber, was filmed in various locations of the city<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>A portion of crime drama film <i><a href="/wiki/Patriots_Day_(film)" title="Patriots Day (film)">Patriots Day</a></i>, based on the events of the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Marathon_bombing" title="Boston Marathon bombing">Boston Marathon bombing</a>, was filmed at Lasell College in Newton on May 18, 2016<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Principal photography of the comedy film <i><a href="/wiki/Sex_Tape_(film)" title="Sex Tape (film)">Sex Tape</a></i>, starring <a href="/wiki/Cameron_Diaz" title="Cameron Diaz">Cameron Diaz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jason_Segel" title="Jason Segel">Jason Segel</a>, took place in Newton on September 12, 2013<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sister_cities">Sister cities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Sister cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Newton is currently <a href="/wiki/Twin_towns_and_sister_cities" class="mw-redirect" title="Twin towns and sister cities">twinned</a> with: </p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/San_Donato_Val_di_Comino" title="San Donato Val di Comino">San Donato Val di Comino</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lazio" title="Lazio">Lazio</a>, Italy<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/San_Juan_del_Sur" title="San Juan del Sur">San Juan del Sur</a>, Nicaragua<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/64px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Churches_in_Newton,_Massachusetts" title="Category:Churches in Newton, Massachusetts">Churches in Newton, Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_Lake_and_Pleasant_Street_Historic_District" title="Crystal Lake and Pleasant Street Historic District">Crystal Lake and Pleasant Street Historic District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Massachusetts" title="Geology of Massachusetts">Geology of Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Line_A_branch" title="Green Line A branch">Green Line A branch</a> (abandoned)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Newton,_Massachusetts" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Newton, Massachusetts">National Register of Historic Places listings in Newton, Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reginald_A._Fessenden_House" title="Reginald A. Fessenden House">Reginald A. Fessenden House</a>, which is the only <a href="/wiki/National_Historic_Landmark" title="National Historic Landmark">National Historic Landmark</a> located in Newton</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silent_Spring_Institute" title="Silent Spring Institute">Silent Spring Institute</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFLevin" class="citation news cs1">Levin, Andy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180102015544/http://newton.wickedlocal.com/news/20180101/ruthanne-fuller-sworn-in-as-newtons-mayor">"Ruthanne Fuller sworn in as Newton's mayor"</a>. <i>Newton TAB</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newton.wickedlocal.com/news/20180101/ruthanne-fuller-sworn-in-as-newtons-mayor">the original</a> on January 2, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Newton+TAB&rft.atitle=Ruthanne+Fuller+sworn+in+as+Newton%27s+mayor&rft.aulast=Levin&rft.aufirst=Andy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewton.wickedlocal.com%2Fnews%2F20180101%2Fruthanne-fuller-sworn-in-as-newtons-mayor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANewton%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CenPopGazetteer2020-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CenPopGazetteer2020_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_25.txt">"2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files"</a>. United States Census Bureau<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 21,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2020+U.S.+Gazetteer+Files&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww2.census.gov%2Fgeo%2Fdocs%2Fmaps-data%2Fdata%2Fgazetteer%2F2020_Gazetteer%2F2020_gaz_place_25.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANewton%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-United_States_Census_Bureau-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-United_States_Census_Bureau_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-United_States_Census_Bureau_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/newtoncitymassachusetts,US/PST045219">"U.S. Census Bureau Quickfacts: United States"</a>. United States Census Bureau<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 16,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=U.S.+Census+Bureau+Quickfacts%3A+United+States&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fquickfacts%2Ffact%2Ftable%2Fnewtoncitymassachusetts%2CUS%2FPST045219&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANewton%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="en" dir="ltr">Cite error: The named reference "United States Census Bureau" was defined multiple times with different content (see the <a href="/wiki/Help:Cite_errors/Cite_error_references_duplicate_key" title="Help:Cite errors/Cite error references duplicate key">help page</a>).</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcAdow1992" class="citation book cs1">McAdow, Ron (1992). <i>The Charles River</i>. Marlborough, MA: Bliss Publishing Company, Inc. pp. 171–174. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9625144-1-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-9625144-1-1"><bdi>0-9625144-1-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Charles+River&rft.place=Marlborough%2C+MA&rft.pages=171-174&rft.pub=Bliss+Publishing+Company%2C+Inc.&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=0-9625144-1-1&rft.aulast=McAdow&rft.aufirst=Ron&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANewton%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRitterThelma_Fleishman1982" class="citation book cs1">Ritter, Priscilla R.; Thelma Fleishman (1982). <i>Newton, Massachusetts 1679–1779: A Biographical Directory</i>. New England Historic Genealogical Society.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Newton%2C+Massachusetts+1679%E2%80%931779%3A+A+Biographical+Directory&rft.pub=New+England+Historic+Genealogical+Society&rft.date=1982&rft.aulast=Ritter&rft.aufirst=Priscilla+R.&rft.au=Thelma+Fleishman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANewton%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith1880" class="citation book cs1">Smith, Samuel Francis (1880). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=st0BNUPm6SsC&q=newton,+massachusetts"><i>History of Newton, Massachusetts: Town and City, from Its Earliest Settlement to the Present Time, 1630-1880</i></a>. 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(2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ejournals.unm.edu/index.php/historicalgeography/article/download/2856/2334">"Landscaping the Garden City: Transportation, Utilities, and Parks in Newton, Massachusetts, 1874-1915"</a>. <i>Historical Geography</i> – via <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia Library">Wikipedia Library</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Historical+Geography&rft.atitle=Landscaping+the+Garden+City%3A+Transportation%2C+Utilities%2C+and+Parks+in+Newton%2C+Massachusetts%2C+1874-1915&rft.date=2011&rft.aulast=Spiers&rft.aufirst=John+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fejournals.unm.edu%2Findex.php%2Fhistoricalgeography%2Farticle%2Fdownload%2F2856%2F2334&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANewton%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDer_Spiegel2007" class="citation book cs1">Der Spiegel (April 1, 2007). <i>Inside 9-11: What Really Happened</i>. 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href="https://hdl.handle.net/2452%2F40703">2452/40703</a></span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200727063718/https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/40703">Archived</a> from the original on July 27, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 14,</span> 2024</span> – via archives.lib.state.ma.us.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+manual+for+the+use+of+the+General+Court+%281929%29.&rft.date=1929-12-30&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2452%2F40703&rft.aulast=Court&rft.aufirst=Massachusetts+General&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchives.lib.state.ma.us%2Fhandle%2F2452%2F40703&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANewton%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCourt1925" class="citation web cs1">Court, Massachusetts General (December 30, 1925). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/40701">"A manual for the use of the General Court (1925)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2452%2F40701">2452/40701</a></span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200727070433/https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/40701">Archived</a> from the original on July 27, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 14,</span> 2024</span> – via archives.lib.state.ma.us.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+manual+for+the+use+of+the+General+Court+%281925%29.&rft.date=1925-12-30&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2452%2F40701&rft.aulast=Court&rft.aufirst=Massachusetts+General&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchives.lib.state.ma.us%2Fhandle%2F2452%2F40701&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANewton%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCourt1921" class="citation web cs1">Court, Massachusetts General (December 30, 1921). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/40699">"A manual for the use of the General Court (1921)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2452%2F40699">2452/40699</a></span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200519002635/https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/40699">Archived</a> from the original on May 19, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 14,</span> 2024</span> – via archives.lib.state.ma.us.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+manual+for+the+use+of+the+General+Court+%281921%29.&rft.date=1921-12-30&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2452%2F40699&rft.aulast=Court&rft.aufirst=Massachusetts+General&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchives.lib.state.ma.us%2Fhandle%2F2452%2F40699&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANewton%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCourt1917" class="citation web cs1">Court, Massachusetts General (December 30, 1917). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/40695">"A manual for the use of the General Court (1917)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2452%2F40695">2452/40695</a></span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200519023528/https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/40695">Archived</a> from the original on May 19, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 14,</span> 2024</span> – via archives.lib.state.ma.us.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+manual+for+the+use+of+the+General+Court+%281917%29.&rft.date=1917-12-30&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2452%2F40695&rft.aulast=Court&rft.aufirst=Massachusetts+General&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchives.lib.state.ma.us%2Fhandle%2F2452%2F40695&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANewton%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCourt1913" class="citation web cs1">Court, Massachusetts General (December 30, 1913). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/40691">"A manual for the use of the General Court (1913)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2452%2F40691">2452/40691</a></span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200727092619/https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/40691">Archived</a> from the original on July 27, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 14,</span> 2024</span> – via archives.lib.state.ma.us.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+manual+for+the+use+of+the+General+Court+%281913%29.&rft.date=1913-12-30&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2452%2F40691&rft.aulast=Court&rft.aufirst=Massachusetts+General&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchives.lib.state.ma.us%2Fhandle%2F2452%2F40691&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANewton%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCourt1909" class="citation web cs1">Court, Massachusetts General (December 30, 1909). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/40687">"A manual for the use of the General Court (1909)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2452%2F40687">2452/40687</a></span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200519063903/https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/40687">Archived</a> from the original on May 19, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 14,</span> 2024</span> – via archives.lib.state.ma.us.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+manual+for+the+use+of+the+General+Court+%281909%29.&rft.date=1909-12-30&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2452%2F40687&rft.aulast=Court&rft.aufirst=Massachusetts+General&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchives.lib.state.ma.us%2Fhandle%2F2452%2F40687&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANewton%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCourt1905" class="citation web cs1">Court, Massachusetts General (December 30, 1905). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/40683">"A manual for the use of the General Court (1905)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2452%2F40683">2452/40683</a></span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200519085154/https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/40683">Archived</a> from the original on May 19, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 14,</span> 2024</span> – via archives.lib.state.ma.us.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+manual+for+the+use+of+the+General+Court+%281905%29.&rft.date=1905-12-30&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2452%2F40683&rft.aulast=Court&rft.aufirst=Massachusetts+General&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchives.lib.state.ma.us%2Fhandle%2F2452%2F40683&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANewton%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCourt1901" class="citation web cs1">Court, Massachusetts General (December 30, 1901). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/40679">"A manual for the use of the General Court (1901)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2452%2F40679">2452/40679</a></span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200519115809/https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/40679">Archived</a> from the original on May 19, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 14,</span> 2024</span> – via archives.lib.state.ma.us.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+manual+for+the+use+of+the+General+Court+%281901%29.&rft.date=1901-12-30&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2452%2F40679&rft.aulast=Court&rft.aufirst=Massachusetts+General&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchives.lib.state.ma.us%2Fhandle%2F2452%2F40679&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANewton%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCourt1897" class="citation web cs1">Court, Massachusetts General (December 30, 1897). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/40675">"A manual for the use of the General Court (1897)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2452%2F40675">2452/40675</a></span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200519044218/https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/40675">Archived</a> from the original on May 19, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 14,</span> 2024</span> – via archives.lib.state.ma.us.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+manual+for+the+use+of+the+General+Court+%281897%29.&rft.date=1897-12-30&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2452%2F40675&rft.aulast=Court&rft.aufirst=Massachusetts+General&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchives.lib.state.ma.us%2Fhandle%2F2452%2F40675&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANewton%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCourt1893" class="citation web cs1">Court, Massachusetts General (December 30, 1893). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/40671">"A manual for the use of the General Court (1893)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2452%2F40671">2452/40671</a></span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200519060752/https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/40671">Archived</a> from the original on May 19, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 14,</span> 2024</span> – via archives.lib.state.ma.us.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+manual+for+the+use+of+the+General+Court+%281893%29.&rft.date=1893-12-30&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2452%2F40671&rft.aulast=Court&rft.aufirst=Massachusetts+General&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchives.lib.state.ma.us%2Fhandle%2F2452%2F40671&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANewton%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCourt.1889" class="citation web cs1">Court., Massachusetts. General (December 30, 1889). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/40667">"A manual for the use of the General Court (1889)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2452%2F40667">2452/40667</a></span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200519044205/https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/40667">Archived</a> from the original on May 19, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 14,</span> 2024</span> – via archives.lib.state.ma.us.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+manual+for+the+use+of+the+General+Court+%281889%29.&rft.date=1889-12-30&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2452%2F40667&rft.aulast=Court.&rft.aufirst=Massachusetts.+General&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchives.lib.state.ma.us%2Fhandle%2F2452%2F40667&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANewton%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCourt1885" class="citation web cs1">Court, Massachusetts General (December 30, 1885). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/40663">"A manual for the use of the General Court (1885)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2452%2F40663">2452/40663</a></span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200519072452/https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/40663">Archived</a> from the original on May 19, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 14,</span> 2024</span> – via archives.lib.state.ma.us.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+manual+for+the+use+of+the+General+Court+%281885%29.&rft.date=1885-12-30&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2452%2F40663&rft.aulast=Court&rft.aufirst=Massachusetts+General&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchives.lib.state.ma.us%2Fhandle%2F2452%2F40663&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANewton%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCourt1881" class="citation web cs1">Court, Massachusetts General (December 30, 1881). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/40659">"A manual for the use of the General Court (1881)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2452%2F40659">2452/40659</a></span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200519072507/https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/40659">Archived</a> from the original on May 19, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 14,</span> 2024</span> – via archives.lib.state.ma.us.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+manual+for+the+use+of+the+General+Court+%281881%29.&rft.date=1881-12-30&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2452%2F40659&rft.aulast=Court&rft.aufirst=Massachusetts+General&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchives.lib.state.ma.us%2Fhandle%2F2452%2F40659&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANewton%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCourt1877" class="citation web cs1">Court, Massachusetts General (December 30, 1877). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/40655">"A manual for the use of the General Court (1877)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2452%2F40655">2452/40655</a></span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200519002844/https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/40655">Archived</a> from the original on May 19, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 14,</span> 2024</span> – via archives.lib.state.ma.us.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+manual+for+the+use+of+the+General+Court+%281877%29.&rft.date=1877-12-30&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2452%2F40655&rft.aulast=Court&rft.aufirst=Massachusetts+General&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchives.lib.state.ma.us%2Fhandle%2F2452%2F40655&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANewton%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCourt1873" class="citation web cs1">Court, Massachusetts General (December 30, 1873). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/40651">"A manual for the use of the General Court (1873)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2452%2F40651">2452/40651</a></span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200519074943/https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/40651">Archived</a> from the original on May 19, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 11,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=Cameron+Diaz+shooting+%27Sex+Tape%27+in+Newton&rft.date=2013-09-11&rft.aulast=Shanahan&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.au=Goldstein%2C+Meredith&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bostonglobe.com%2Flifestyle%2Fnames%2F2013%2F09%2F10%2Fcameron-diaz-shooting-sex-tape-newton%2Femoyt1FYIhLDVtdT227FMM%2Fstory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANewton%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131222203408/http://www.wickedlocal.com/newton/news/x1155160510/Cameron-Diaz-Jason-Segel-to-shoot-Sex-Tape-in-Newton">"Cameron Diaz, Jason Segel to shoot 'Sex Tape' in Newton"</a>. wickedlocal.com. September 9, 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wickedlocal.com/newton/news/x1155160510/Cameron-Diaz-Jason-Segel-to-shoot-Sex-Tape-in-Newton">the original</a> on December 22, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 11,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Cameron+Diaz%2C+Jason+Segel+to+shoot+%27Sex+Tape%27+in+Newton&rft.date=2013-09-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wickedlocal.com%2Fnewton%2Fnews%2Fx1155160510%2FCameron-Diaz-Jason-Segel-to-shoot-Sex-Tape-in-Newton&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANewton%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210117121920/https://onlocationvacations.com/2013/09/10/sex-tape-starring-cameron-diaz-and-jason-segel-is-filming-in-newton-ma-this-week/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Sex Tape', starring Cameron Diaz and Jason Segel, is filming in Newton, MA this week"</a>. onlocationvacations.com. September 10, 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.onlocationvacations.com/2013/09/10/sex-tape-starring-cameron-diaz-and-jason-segel-is-filming-in-newton-ma-this-week/">the original</a> on January 17, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 11,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%27Sex+Tape%27%2C+starring+Cameron+Diaz+and+Jason+Segel%2C+is+filming+in+Newton%2C+MA+this+week&rft.date=2013-09-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.onlocationvacations.com%2F2013%2F09%2F10%2Fsex-tape-starring-cameron-diaz-and-jason-segel-is-filming-in-newton-ma-this-week%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANewton%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://beta.worldcat.org/archivegrid/data/318105211">"ArchiveGrid : San Donato, Italy, Newton's Sister City, 1996–2009"</a>. <i>beta.worldcat.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 27,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=beta.worldcat.org&rft.atitle=ArchiveGrid+%3A+San+Donato%2C+Italy%2C+Newton%27s+Sister+City%2C+1996%E2%80%932009&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbeta.worldcat.org%2Farchivegrid%2Fdata%2F318105211&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANewton%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sanjuandelsursistercityproject.wordpress.com">"Newton-San Juan del Sur Sister City Project"</a>. <i>Newton-San Juan del Sur Sister City Project</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 27,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Newton-San+Juan+del+Sur+Sister+City+Project&rft.atitle=Newton-San+Juan+del+Sur+Sister+City+Project&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsanjuandelsursistercityproject.wordpress.com&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANewton%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Directory of the town of Newton: containing a general directory of the citizens, and a business directory. 1871 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sfMCAAAAYAAJ">Google books</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newton,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output 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title="commons:Category:Newton, Massachusetts">Newton, Massachusetts</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Middlesex_County,_Massachusetts" title="Template:Middlesex County, Massachusetts"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:#ffffff">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Middlesex_County,_Massachusetts" title="Template talk:Middlesex County, Massachusetts"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:#ffffff">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Middlesex_County,_Massachusetts" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Middlesex County, Massachusetts"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:#ffffff">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Middlesex_County,_Massachusetts,_United_States" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities and communities of <a href="/wiki/Middlesex_County,_Massachusetts" title="Middlesex County, Massachusetts"><span class="region" style="color:#ffffff">Middlesex County, Massachusetts</span></a>, <span class="country-name">United States</span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:#00008F;color:#ffffff;"><div><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat"><span style="color:#ffffff">County seats</span></a>: <b><a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts" title="Cambridge, Massachusetts"><span style="color:#ffffff">Cambridge</span></a></b> and <b><a href="/wiki/Lowell,_Massachusetts" title="Lowell, Massachusetts"><span style="color:#ffffff">Lowell</span></a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#00008F;color:#ffffff;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Massachusetts"><span style="color:#ffffff;">Cities</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts" title="Cambridge, Massachusetts">Cambridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everett,_Massachusetts" title="Everett, Massachusetts">Everett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Framingham,_Massachusetts" title="Framingham, Massachusetts">Framingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowell,_Massachusetts" title="Lowell, Massachusetts">Lowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malden,_Massachusetts" title="Malden, Massachusetts">Malden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlborough,_Massachusetts" title="Marlborough, Massachusetts">Marlborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medford,_Massachusetts" title="Medford, Massachusetts">Medford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melrose,_Massachusetts" title="Melrose, Massachusetts">Melrose</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Newton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somerville,_Massachusetts" title="Somerville, Massachusetts">Somerville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waltham,_Massachusetts" title="Waltham, Massachusetts">Waltham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watertown,_Massachusetts" title="Watertown, Massachusetts">Watertown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woburn,_Massachusetts" title="Woburn, Massachusetts">Woburn</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Map_of_Massachusetts_highlighting_Middlesex_County.svg/180px-Map_of_Massachusetts_highlighting_Middlesex_County.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Map_of_Massachusetts_highlighting_Middlesex_County.svg/270px-Map_of_Massachusetts_highlighting_Middlesex_County.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Map_of_Massachusetts_highlighting_Middlesex_County.svg/360px-Map_of_Massachusetts_highlighting_Middlesex_County.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1488" data-file-height="910" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#00008F;color:#ffffff;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_towns_in_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="List of towns in Massachusetts"><span style="color:#ffffff;">Towns</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acton,_Massachusetts" title="Acton, Massachusetts">Acton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arlington,_Massachusetts" title="Arlington, Massachusetts">Arlington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashby,_Massachusetts" title="Ashby, Massachusetts">Ashby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashland,_Massachusetts" title="Ashland, Massachusetts">Ashland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayer,_Massachusetts" title="Ayer, Massachusetts">Ayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bedford,_Massachusetts" title="Bedford, Massachusetts">Bedford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belmont,_Massachusetts" title="Belmont, Massachusetts">Belmont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billerica,_Massachusetts" title="Billerica, Massachusetts">Billerica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxborough,_Massachusetts" title="Boxborough, Massachusetts">Boxborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burlington,_Massachusetts" title="Burlington, Massachusetts">Burlington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlisle,_Massachusetts" title="Carlisle, Massachusetts">Carlisle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelmsford,_Massachusetts" title="Chelmsford, Massachusetts">Chelmsford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concord,_Massachusetts" title="Concord, Massachusetts">Concord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dracut,_Massachusetts" title="Dracut, Massachusetts">Dracut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunstable,_Massachusetts" title="Dunstable, Massachusetts">Dunstable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groton,_Massachusetts" title="Groton, Massachusetts">Groton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holliston,_Massachusetts" title="Holliston, Massachusetts">Holliston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hopkinton,_Massachusetts" title="Hopkinton, Massachusetts">Hopkinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson,_Massachusetts" title="Hudson, Massachusetts">Hudson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lexington,_Massachusetts" title="Lexington, Massachusetts">Lexington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln,_Massachusetts" title="Lincoln, Massachusetts">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Littleton,_Massachusetts" title="Littleton, Massachusetts">Littleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maynard,_Massachusetts" title="Maynard, Massachusetts">Maynard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natick,_Massachusetts" title="Natick, Massachusetts">Natick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Reading,_Massachusetts" title="North Reading, Massachusetts">North Reading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepperell,_Massachusetts" title="Pepperell, Massachusetts">Pepperell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reading,_Massachusetts" title="Reading, Massachusetts">Reading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherborn,_Massachusetts" title="Sherborn, Massachusetts">Sherborn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirley,_Massachusetts" title="Shirley, Massachusetts">Shirley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoneham,_Massachusetts" title="Stoneham, Massachusetts">Stoneham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stow,_Massachusetts" title="Stow, Massachusetts">Stow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudbury,_Massachusetts" title="Sudbury, Massachusetts">Sudbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tewksbury,_Massachusetts" title="Tewksbury, Massachusetts">Tewksbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Townsend,_Massachusetts" title="Townsend, Massachusetts">Townsend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyngsborough,_Massachusetts" title="Tyngsborough, Massachusetts">Tyngsborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakefield,_Massachusetts" title="Wakefield, Massachusetts">Wakefield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayland,_Massachusetts" title="Wayland, Massachusetts">Wayland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westford,_Massachusetts" title="Westford, Massachusetts">Westford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weston,_Massachusetts" title="Weston, Massachusetts">Weston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilmington,_Massachusetts" title="Wilmington, Massachusetts">Wilmington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winchester,_Massachusetts" title="Winchester, Massachusetts">Winchester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#00008F;color:#ffffff;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_census-designated_places_in_Massachusetts" title="List of census-designated places in Massachusetts"><span style="color:#ffffff;">CDPs</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ayer_(CDP),_Massachusetts" title="Ayer (CDP), Massachusetts">Ayer (CDP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cochituate,_Massachusetts" title="Cochituate, Massachusetts">Cochituate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devens,_Massachusetts" title="Devens, Massachusetts">Devens</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Pepperell,_Massachusetts" title="East Pepperell, Massachusetts">East Pepperell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groton_(CDP),_Massachusetts" title="Groton (CDP), Massachusetts">Groton (CDP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanscom_Air_Force_Base" title="Hanscom Air Force Base">Hanscom AFB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hopkinton_(CDP),_Massachusetts" title="Hopkinton (CDP), Massachusetts">Hopkinton (CDP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson_(CDP),_Massachusetts" title="Hudson (CDP), Massachusetts">Hudson (CDP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Littleton_Common,_Massachusetts" title="Littleton Common, Massachusetts">Littleton Common</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepperell_(CDP),_Massachusetts" title="Pepperell (CDP), Massachusetts">Pepperell (CDP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinehurst,_Massachusetts" title="Pinehurst, Massachusetts">Pinehurst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirley_(CDP),_Massachusetts" title="Shirley (CDP), Massachusetts">Shirley (CDP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Townsend_(CDP),_Massachusetts" title="Townsend (CDP), Massachusetts">Townsend (CDP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Concord,_Massachusetts" title="West Concord, Massachusetts">West Concord</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#00008F;color:#ffffff;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Massachusetts" title="List of villages in Massachusetts"><span style="color:#ffffff;">Other<br />villages</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Auburndale,_Massachusetts" title="Auburndale, Massachusetts">Auburndale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chestnut_Hill,_Massachusetts" title="Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts">Chestnut Hill</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Lexington,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="East Lexington, Massachusetts">East Lexington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felchville,_Massachusetts" title="Felchville, Massachusetts">Felchville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forge_Village,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Forge Village, Massachusetts">Forge Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gleasondale,_Massachusetts" title="Gleasondale, Massachusetts">Gleasondale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakefield,_Massachusetts#Neighborhoods" title="Wakefield, Massachusetts">Greenwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graniteville_Historic_District_(Westford,_Massachusetts)" title="Graniteville Historic District (Westford, Massachusetts)">Graniteville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melrose_Highlands,_Massachusetts" title="Melrose Highlands, Massachusetts">Melrose Highlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabnasset,_Massachusetts" title="Nabnasset, Massachusetts">Nabnasset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton_Centre,_Massachusetts" title="Newton Centre, Massachusetts">Newton Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton_Highlands,_Massachusetts" title="Newton Highlands, Massachusetts">Newton Highlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton_Lower_Falls" title="Newton Lower Falls">Newton Lower Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton_Upper_Falls" title="Newton Upper Falls">Newton Upper Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newtonville,_Massachusetts" title="Newtonville, Massachusetts">Newtonville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonantum,_Massachusetts" title="Nonantum, Massachusetts">Nonantum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Billerica,_Massachusetts" title="North Billerica, Massachusetts">North Billerica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Chelmsford,_Massachusetts" title="North Chelmsford, Massachusetts">North Chelmsford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pingryville,_Massachusetts" title="Pingryville, Massachusetts">Pingryville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saxonville,_Massachusetts" title="Saxonville, Massachusetts">Saxonville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thompsonville,_Massachusetts" title="Thompsonville, Massachusetts">Thompsonville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waban,_Massachusetts" title="Waban, Massachusetts">Waban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Newton,_Massachusetts" title="West Newton, Massachusetts">West Newton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#00008F;color:#ffffff;">Footnotes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="background:#00008F;color:#ffffff;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Massachusetts_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Massachusetts (state)"><span style="color:#ffffff">Massachusetts portal</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States"><span style="color:#ffffff">United States portal</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Commonwealth_of_Massachusetts" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Massachusetts" title="Template:Massachusetts"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Massachusetts" title="Template talk:Massachusetts"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Massachusetts" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Massachusetts"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Commonwealth_of_Massachusetts" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_(U.S._state)" title="Commonwealth (U.S. state)">Commonwealth</a> of <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a></b> (capital)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Massachusetts" title="Outline of Massachusetts">Topics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Massachusetts-related_articles" title="Index of Massachusetts-related articles">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Massachusetts" title="Administrative divisions of Massachusetts">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_congressional_districts" title="Massachusetts's congressional districts">Congressional districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Elections in Massachusetts">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Massachusetts" title="Geography of Massachusetts">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Massachusetts" title="Geology of Massachusetts">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Massachusetts" title="Government of Massachusetts">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Massachusetts" title="History of Massachusetts">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Images_of_Massachusetts" title="Category:Images of Massachusetts">Images</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Massachusetts" title="Law of Massachusetts">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lighthouses_in_Massachusetts" title="List of lighthouses in Massachusetts">Lighthouses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Massachusetts" title="Music of Massachusetts">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Massachusetts" title="List of people from Massachusetts">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Massachusetts_state_symbols" title="List of Massachusetts state symbols">State symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Transportation in Massachusetts">Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Massachusetts" title="List of villages in Massachusetts">Villages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tourist_attractions_in_Massachusetts" title="Category:Tourist attractions in Massachusetts">Tourist attractions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_windmills_in_Massachusetts" title="List of windmills in Massachusetts">Windmills</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Massachusetts" title="Abortion in Massachusetts">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Massachusetts_culture" title="Category:Massachusetts culture">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Massachusetts" title="Climate change in Massachusetts">Climate change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Massachusetts" title="Crime in Massachusetts">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Massachusetts" title="Demographics of Massachusetts">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of Massachusetts">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Education in Massachusetts">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_education_in_Massachusetts" title="History of education in Massachusetts">History of education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_laws_in_Massachusetts" title="Gun laws in Massachusetts">Gun laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Homelessness in Massachusetts">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Massachusetts">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Massachusetts" title="Politics of Massachusetts">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Massachusetts" title="Sports in Massachusetts">Sports</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_the_United_States#Massachusetts" title="List of regions of the United States">Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Ann" title="Cape Ann">Cape Ann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Massachusetts" title="Central Massachusetts">Central Massachusetts</a> (<a href="/wiki/Blackstone_Valley" title="Blackstone Valley">Blackstone Valley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montachusett-North_County" title="Montachusett-North County">Montachusett-North County</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_County_(Massachusetts)" title="South County (Massachusetts)">South County</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Boston" title="Greater Boston">Greater Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Lowell" title="Greater Lowell">Greater Lowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merrimack_Valley" title="Merrimack Valley">Merrimack Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MetroWest" title="MetroWest">MetroWest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Shore_(Massachusetts)" title="North Shore (Massachusetts)">North Shore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeastern_Massachusetts" title="Southeastern Massachusetts">Southeastern Massachusetts</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cape_Cod" title="Cape Cod">Cape Cod</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Coast_(Massachusetts)" title="South Coast (Massachusetts)">South Coast</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Shore_(Massachusetts)" title="South Shore (Massachusetts)">South Shore</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Massachusetts" title="Western Massachusetts">Western Massachusetts</a> (<a href="/wiki/The_Berkshires" class="mw-redirect" title="The Berkshires">The Berkshires</a>, <a href="/wiki/Housatonic_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Housatonic Valley">Housatonic Valley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pioneer_Valley" title="Pioneer Valley">Pioneer Valley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quabbin-Swift_River_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Quabbin-Swift River Valley">Quabbin-Swift River Valley</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Massachusetts" title="List of counties in Massachusetts">Counties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barnstable_County,_Massachusetts" title="Barnstable County, Massachusetts">Barnstable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berkshire_County,_Massachusetts" title="Berkshire County, Massachusetts">Berkshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bristol_County,_Massachusetts" title="Bristol County, Massachusetts">Bristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dukes_County,_Massachusetts" title="Dukes County, Massachusetts">Dukes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essex_County,_Massachusetts" title="Essex County, Massachusetts">Essex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_County,_Massachusetts" title="Franklin County, Massachusetts">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hampden_County,_Massachusetts" title="Hampden County, Massachusetts">Hampden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hampshire_County,_Massachusetts" title="Hampshire County, Massachusetts">Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middlesex_County,_Massachusetts" title="Middlesex County, Massachusetts">Middlesex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nantucket" title="Nantucket">Nantucket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk_County,_Massachusetts" title="Norfolk County, Massachusetts">Norfolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_County,_Massachusetts" title="Plymouth County, Massachusetts">Plymouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suffolk_County,_Massachusetts" title="Suffolk County, Massachusetts">Suffolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worcester_County,_Massachusetts" title="Worcester County, Massachusetts">Worcester</a></li> <li>Note: Nine former counties were in the <a href="/wiki/District_of_Maine" title="District of Maine">District of Maine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Massachusetts" title="List of municipalities in Massachusetts">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agawam,_Massachusetts" title="Agawam, Massachusetts">Agawam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amherst,_Massachusetts" title="Amherst, Massachusetts">Amherst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amesbury,_Massachusetts" title="Amesbury, Massachusetts">Amesbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attleboro,_Massachusetts" title="Attleboro, Massachusetts">Attleboro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barnstable,_Massachusetts" title="Barnstable, Massachusetts">Barnstable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beverly,_Massachusetts" title="Beverly, Massachusetts">Beverly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braintree,_Massachusetts" title="Braintree, Massachusetts">Braintree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridgewater,_Massachusetts" title="Bridgewater, Massachusetts">Bridgewater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brockton,_Massachusetts" title="Brockton, Massachusetts">Brockton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts" title="Cambridge, Massachusetts">Cambridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelsea,_Massachusetts" title="Chelsea, Massachusetts">Chelsea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicopee,_Massachusetts" title="Chicopee, Massachusetts">Chicopee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Longmeadow,_Massachusetts" title="East Longmeadow, Massachusetts">East Longmeadow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easthampton,_Massachusetts" title="Easthampton, Massachusetts">Easthampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everett,_Massachusetts" title="Everett, Massachusetts">Everett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_River,_Massachusetts" title="Fall River, Massachusetts">Fall River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fitchburg,_Massachusetts" title="Fitchburg, Massachusetts">Fitchburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Framingham,_Massachusetts" title="Framingham, Massachusetts">Framingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin,_Massachusetts" title="Franklin, Massachusetts">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gardner,_Massachusetts" title="Gardner, Massachusetts">Gardner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloucester,_Massachusetts" title="Gloucester, Massachusetts">Gloucester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenfield,_Massachusetts" title="Greenfield, Massachusetts">Greenfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haverhill,_Massachusetts" title="Haverhill, Massachusetts">Haverhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holyoke,_Massachusetts" title="Holyoke, Massachusetts">Holyoke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence,_Massachusetts" title="Lawrence, Massachusetts">Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leominster,_Massachusetts" title="Leominster, Massachusetts">Leominster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowell,_Massachusetts" title="Lowell, Massachusetts">Lowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynn,_Massachusetts" title="Lynn, Massachusetts">Lynn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malden,_Massachusetts" title="Malden, Massachusetts">Malden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlborough,_Massachusetts" title="Marlborough, Massachusetts">Marlborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medford,_Massachusetts" title="Medford, Massachusetts">Medford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melrose,_Massachusetts" title="Melrose, Massachusetts">Melrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methuen,_Massachusetts" title="Methuen, Massachusetts">Methuen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Bedford,_Massachusetts" title="New Bedford, Massachusetts">New Bedford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newburyport,_Massachusetts" title="Newburyport, Massachusetts">Newburyport</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Newton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Adams,_Massachusetts" title="North Adams, Massachusetts">North Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northampton,_Massachusetts" title="Northampton, Massachusetts">Northampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmer,_Massachusetts" title="Palmer, Massachusetts">Palmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peabody,_Massachusetts" title="Peabody, Massachusetts">Peabody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pittsfield,_Massachusetts" title="Pittsfield, Massachusetts">Pittsfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quincy,_Massachusetts" title="Quincy, Massachusetts">Quincy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randolph,_Massachusetts" title="Randolph, Massachusetts">Randolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revere,_Massachusetts" title="Revere, Massachusetts">Revere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salem,_Massachusetts" title="Salem, Massachusetts">Salem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somerville,_Massachusetts" title="Somerville, Massachusetts">Somerville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southbridge,_Massachusetts" title="Southbridge, Massachusetts">Southbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Massachusetts" title="Springfield, Massachusetts">Springfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taunton,_Massachusetts" title="Taunton, Massachusetts">Taunton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waltham,_Massachusetts" title="Waltham, Massachusetts">Waltham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watertown,_Massachusetts" title="Watertown, Massachusetts">Watertown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westfield,_Massachusetts" title="Westfield, Massachusetts">Westfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Springfield,_Massachusetts" title="West Springfield, Massachusetts">West Springfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weymouth,_Massachusetts" title="Weymouth, Massachusetts">Weymouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winthrop,_Massachusetts" title="Winthrop, Massachusetts">Winthrop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woburn,_Massachusetts" title="Woburn, Massachusetts">Woburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worcester,_Massachusetts" title="Worcester, Massachusetts">Worcester</a></li> <li>Note: Municipalities not listed have a town meeting form of government (see <a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Massachusetts" title="List of municipalities in Massachusetts">all municipalities</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg/32px-Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg/48px-Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg/64px-Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="900" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Massachusetts" title="Portal:Massachusetts">Massachusetts portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Region_of_Greater_Boston" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#367BCA; color: white;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Greater_Boston" title="Template:Greater Boston"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Greater_Boston" title="Template talk:Greater Boston"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Greater_Boston" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Greater Boston"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Region_of_Greater_Boston" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Region of <a href="/wiki/Greater_Boston" title="Greater Boston"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Greater Boston</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#367BCA; color: white;;width:1%">Counties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belknap_County,_New_Hampshire" title="Belknap County, New Hampshire">Belknap, NH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bristol_County,_Massachusetts" title="Bristol County, Massachusetts">Bristol, MA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bristol_County,_Rhode_Island" title="Bristol County, Rhode Island">Bristol, RI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essex_County,_Massachusetts" title="Essex County, Massachusetts">Essex, MA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillsborough_County,_New_Hampshire" title="Hillsborough County, New Hampshire">Hillsborough, NH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kent_County,_Rhode_Island" title="Kent County, Rhode Island">Kent, RI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merrimack_County,_New_Hampshire" title="Merrimack County, New Hampshire">Merrimack, NH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middlesex_County,_Massachusetts" title="Middlesex County, Massachusetts">Middlesex, MA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newport_County,_Rhode_Island" title="Newport County, Rhode Island">Newport, RI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk_County,_Massachusetts" title="Norfolk County, Massachusetts">Norfolk, MA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_County,_Massachusetts" title="Plymouth County, Massachusetts">Plymouth, MA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Providence_County,_Rhode_Island" title="Providence County, Rhode Island">Providence, RI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockingham_County,_New_Hampshire" title="Rockingham County, New Hampshire">Rockingham, NH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strafford_County,_New_Hampshire" title="Strafford County, New Hampshire">Strafford, NH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suffolk_County,_Massachusetts" title="Suffolk County, Massachusetts">Suffolk, MA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_County,_Rhode_Island" title="Washington County, Rhode Island">Washington, RI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worcester_County,_Massachusetts" title="Worcester County, Massachusetts">Worcester, MA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#367BCA; color: white;;width:1%">Major cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#367BCA; color: white;;width:1%">Cities and towns<br />100k-250k</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brockton,_Massachusetts" title="Brockton, Massachusetts">Brockton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts" title="Cambridge, Massachusetts">Cambridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowell,_Massachusetts" title="Lowell, Massachusetts">Lowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynn,_Massachusetts" title="Lynn, Massachusetts">Lynn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester,_New_Hampshire" title="Manchester, New Hampshire">Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Bedford,_Massachusetts" title="New Bedford, Massachusetts">New Bedford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Providence,_Rhode_Island" title="Providence, Rhode Island">Providence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quincy,_Massachusetts" title="Quincy, Massachusetts">Quincy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worcester,_Massachusetts" title="Worcester, Massachusetts">Worcester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#367BCA; color: white;;width:1%">Cities and towns<br />25k-100k</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andover,_Massachusetts" title="Andover, Massachusetts">Andover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arlington,_Massachusetts" title="Arlington, Massachusetts">Arlington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attleboro,_Massachusetts" title="Attleboro, Massachusetts">Attleboro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beverly,_Massachusetts" title="Beverly, Massachusetts">Beverly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billerica,_Massachusetts" title="Billerica, Massachusetts">Billerica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braintree,_Massachusetts" title="Braintree, Massachusetts">Braintree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridgewater,_Massachusetts" title="Bridgewater, Massachusetts">Bridgewater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brookline,_Massachusetts" title="Brookline, Massachusetts">Brookline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelmsford,_Massachusetts" title="Chelmsford, Massachusetts">Chelmsford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelsea,_Massachusetts" title="Chelsea, Massachusetts">Chelsea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concord,_New_Hampshire" title="Concord, New Hampshire">Concord (New Hampshire)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coventry,_Rhode_Island" title="Coventry, Rhode Island">Coventry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cranston,_Rhode_Island" title="Cranston, Rhode Island">Cranston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumberland,_Rhode_Island" title="Cumberland, Rhode Island">Cumberland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danvers,_Massachusetts" title="Danvers, Massachusetts">Danvers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dartmouth,_Massachusetts" title="Dartmouth, Massachusetts">Dartmouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derry,_New_Hampshire" title="Derry, New Hampshire">Derry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dover,_New_Hampshire" title="Dover, New Hampshire">Dover (New Hampshire)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dracut,_Massachusetts" title="Dracut, Massachusetts">Dracut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Providence,_Rhode_Island" title="East Providence, Rhode Island">East Providence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everett,_Massachusetts" title="Everett, Massachusetts">Everett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_River,_Massachusetts" title="Fall River, Massachusetts">Fall River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fitchburg,_Massachusetts" title="Fitchburg, Massachusetts">Fitchburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Framingham,_Massachusetts" title="Framingham, Massachusetts">Framingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin,_Massachusetts" title="Franklin, Massachusetts">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloucester,_Massachusetts" title="Gloucester, Massachusetts">Gloucester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haverhill,_Massachusetts" title="Haverhill, Massachusetts">Haverhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnston,_Rhode_Island" title="Johnston, Rhode Island">Johnston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence,_Massachusetts" title="Lawrence, Massachusetts">Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leominster,_Massachusetts" title="Leominster, Massachusetts">Leominster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lexington,_Massachusetts" title="Lexington, Massachusetts">Lexington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malden,_Massachusetts" title="Malden, Massachusetts">Malden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlborough,_Massachusetts" title="Marlborough, Massachusetts">Marlborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshfield,_Massachusetts" title="Marshfield, Massachusetts">Marshfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medford,_Massachusetts" title="Medford, Massachusetts">Medford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melrose,_Massachusetts" title="Melrose, Massachusetts">Melrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merrimack,_New_Hampshire" title="Merrimack, New Hampshire">Merrimack (New Hampshire)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methuen,_Massachusetts" title="Methuen, Massachusetts">Methuen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milford,_Massachusetts" title="Milford, Massachusetts">Milford (Massachusetts)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milton,_Massachusetts" title="Milton, Massachusetts">Milton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashua,_New_Hampshire" title="Nashua, New Hampshire">Nashua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natick,_Massachusetts" title="Natick, Massachusetts">Natick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Needham,_Massachusetts" title="Needham, Massachusetts">Needham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newport,_Rhode_Island" title="Newport, Rhode Island">Newport</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Newton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Andover,_Massachusetts" title="North Andover, Massachusetts">North Andover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Attleboro,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="North Attleboro, Massachusetts">North Attleboro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Kingstown,_Rhode_Island" title="North Kingstown, Rhode Island">North Kingstown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Providence,_Rhode_Island" title="North Providence, Rhode Island">North Providence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwood,_Massachusetts" title="Norwood, Massachusetts">Norwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pawtucket,_Rhode_Island" title="Pawtucket, Rhode Island">Pawtucket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peabody,_Massachusetts" title="Peabody, Massachusetts">Peabody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth,_Massachusetts" title="Plymouth, Massachusetts">Plymouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revere,_Massachusetts" title="Revere, Massachusetts">Revere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rochester,_New_Hampshire" title="Rochester, New Hampshire">Rochester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salem,_Massachusetts" title="Salem, Massachusetts">Salem (Massachusetts)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salem,_New_Hampshire" title="Salem, New Hampshire">Salem (New Hampshire)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saugus,_Massachusetts" title="Saugus, Massachusetts">Saugus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrewsbury,_Massachusetts" title="Shrewsbury, Massachusetts">Shrewsbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somerville,_Massachusetts" title="Somerville, Massachusetts">Somerville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Kingstown,_Rhode_Island" title="South Kingstown, Rhode Island">South Kingstown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoughton,_Massachusetts" title="Stoughton, Massachusetts">Stoughton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taunton,_Massachusetts" title="Taunton, Massachusetts">Taunton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tewksbury,_Massachusetts" title="Tewksbury, Massachusetts">Tewksbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakefield,_Massachusetts" title="Wakefield, Massachusetts">Wakefield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waltham,_Massachusetts" title="Waltham, Massachusetts">Waltham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warwick,_Rhode_Island" title="Warwick, Rhode Island">Warwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watertown,_Massachusetts" title="Watertown, Massachusetts">Watertown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellesley,_Massachusetts" title="Wellesley, Massachusetts">Wellesley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Warwick,_Rhode_Island" title="West Warwick, Rhode Island">West Warwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weymouth,_Massachusetts" title="Weymouth, Massachusetts">Weymouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woburn,_Massachusetts" title="Woburn, Massachusetts">Woburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woonsocket,_Rhode_Island" title="Woonsocket, Rhode Island">Woonsocket</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#367BCA; color: white;;width:1%">Cities and towns<br />10k-25k</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abington,_Massachusetts" title="Abington, Massachusetts">Abington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acton,_Massachusetts" title="Acton, Massachusetts">Acton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acushnet,_Massachusetts" title="Acushnet, Massachusetts">Acushnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amesbury,_Massachusetts" title="Amesbury, Massachusetts">Amesbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amherst,_New_Hampshire" title="Amherst, New Hampshire">Amherst (New Hampshire)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashland,_Massachusetts" title="Ashland, Massachusetts">Ashland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athol,_Massachusetts" title="Athol, Massachusetts">Athol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auburn,_Massachusetts" title="Auburn, Massachusetts">Auburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrington,_Rhode_Island" title="Barrington, Rhode Island">Barrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bedford,_Massachusetts" title="Bedford, Massachusetts">Bedford (Massachusetts)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bedford,_New_Hampshire" title="Bedford, New Hampshire">Bedford (New Hampshire)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellingham,_Massachusetts" title="Bellingham, Massachusetts">Bellingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belmont,_Massachusetts" title="Belmont, Massachusetts">Belmont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beverly,_Massachusetts" title="Beverly, Massachusetts">Beverly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bristol,_Rhode_Island" title="Bristol, Rhode Island">Bristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burlington,_Massachusetts" title="Burlington, Massachusetts">Burlington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burrillville,_Rhode_Island" title="Burrillville, Rhode Island">Burrillville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canton,_Massachusetts" title="Canton, Massachusetts">Canton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carver,_Massachusetts" title="Carver, Massachusetts">Carver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Falls,_Rhode_Island" title="Central Falls, Rhode Island">Central Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlton,_Massachusetts" title="Charlton, Massachusetts">Charlton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton,_Massachusetts" title="Clinton, Massachusetts">Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concord,_Massachusetts" title="Concord, Massachusetts">Concord (Massachusetts)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dedham,_Massachusetts" title="Dedham, Massachusetts">Dedham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dudley,_Massachusetts" title="Dudley, Massachusetts">Dudley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duxbury,_Massachusetts" title="Duxbury, Massachusetts">Duxbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Bridgewater,_Massachusetts" title="East Bridgewater, Massachusetts">East Bridgewater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Greenwich,_Rhode_Island" title="East Greenwich, Rhode Island">East Greenwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easton,_Massachusetts" title="Easton, Massachusetts">Easton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exeter,_New_Hampshire" title="Exeter, New Hampshire">Exeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairhaven,_Massachusetts" title="Fairhaven, Massachusetts">Fairhaven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foxborough,_Massachusetts" title="Foxborough, Massachusetts">Foxborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gardner,_Massachusetts" title="Gardner, Massachusetts">Gardner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goffstown,_New_Hampshire" title="Goffstown, New Hampshire">Goffstown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grafton,_Massachusetts" title="Grafton, Massachusetts">Grafton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groton,_Massachusetts" title="Groton, Massachusetts">Groton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hampton,_New_Hampshire" title="Hampton, New Hampshire">Hampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanover,_Massachusetts" title="Hanover, Massachusetts">Hanover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanson,_Massachusetts" title="Hanson, Massachusetts">Hanson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hingham,_Massachusetts" title="Hingham, Massachusetts">Hingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holbrook,_Massachusetts" title="Holbrook, Massachusetts">Holbrook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holden,_Massachusetts" title="Holden, Massachusetts">Holden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holliston,_Massachusetts" title="Holliston, Massachusetts">Holliston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hooksett,_New_Hampshire" title="Hooksett, New Hampshire">Hooksett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hopkinton,_Massachusetts" title="Hopkinton, Massachusetts">Hopkinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson,_Massachusetts" title="Hudson, Massachusetts">Hudson (Massachusetts)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson,_New_Hampshire" title="Hudson, New Hampshire">Hudson (New Hampshire)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hull,_Massachusetts" title="Hull, Massachusetts">Hull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ipswich,_Massachusetts" title="Ipswich, Massachusetts">Ipswich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingston,_Massachusetts" title="Kingston, Massachusetts">Kingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laconia,_New_Hampshire" title="Laconia, New Hampshire">Laconia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakeville,_Massachusetts" title="Lakeville, Massachusetts">Lakeville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leicester,_Massachusetts" title="Leicester, Massachusetts">Leicester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln,_Rhode_Island" title="Lincoln, Rhode Island">Lincoln (Rhode Island)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Londonderry,_New_Hampshire" title="Londonderry, New Hampshire">Londonderry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunenburg,_Massachusetts" title="Lunenburg, Massachusetts">Lunenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynnfield,_Massachusetts" title="Lynnfield, Massachusetts">Lynnfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mansfield,_Massachusetts" title="Mansfield, Massachusetts">Mansfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marblehead,_Massachusetts" title="Marblehead, Massachusetts">Marblehead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maynard,_Massachusetts" title="Maynard, Massachusetts">Maynard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medfield,_Massachusetts" title="Medfield, Massachusetts">Medfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medway,_Massachusetts" title="Medway, Massachusetts">Medway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middleborough,_Massachusetts" title="Middleborough, Massachusetts">Middleborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middletown,_Rhode_Island" title="Middletown, Rhode Island">Middletown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milford,_New_Hampshire" title="Milford, New Hampshire">Milford (New Hampshire)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millbury,_Massachusetts" title="Millbury, Massachusetts">Millbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narragansett,_Rhode_Island" title="Narragansett, Rhode Island">Narragansett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newburyport,_Massachusetts" title="Newburyport, Massachusetts">Newburyport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk,_Massachusetts" title="Norfolk, Massachusetts">Norfolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northborough,_Massachusetts" title="Northborough, Massachusetts">Northborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northbridge,_Massachusetts" title="Northbridge, Massachusetts">Northbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Reading,_Massachusetts" title="North Reading, Massachusetts">North Reading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Smithfield,_Rhode_Island" title="North Smithfield, Rhode Island">North Smithfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norton,_Massachusetts" title="Norton, Massachusetts">Norton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwell,_Massachusetts" title="Norwell, Massachusetts">Norwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford,_Massachusetts" title="Oxford, Massachusetts">Oxford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peabody,_Massachusetts" title="Peabody, Massachusetts">Peabody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelham,_New_Hampshire" title="Pelham, New Hampshire">Pelham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pembroke,_Massachusetts" title="Pembroke, Massachusetts">Pembroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepperell,_Massachusetts" title="Pepperell, Massachusetts">Pepperell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portsmouth,_Rhode_Island" title="Portsmouth, Rhode Island">Portsmouth (Rhode Island)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portsmouth,_New_Hampshire" title="Portsmouth, New Hampshire">Portsmouth (New Hampshire)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randolph,_Massachusetts" title="Randolph, Massachusetts">Randolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond,_New_Hampshire" title="Raymond, New Hampshire">Raymond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raynham,_Massachusetts" title="Raynham, Massachusetts">Raynham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reading,_Massachusetts" title="Reading, Massachusetts">Reading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rehoboth,_Massachusetts" title="Rehoboth, Massachusetts">Rehoboth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockland,_Massachusetts" title="Rockland, Massachusetts">Rockland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scituate,_Massachusetts" title="Scituate, Massachusetts">Scituate (Massachusetts)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scituate,_Rhode_Island" title="Scituate, Rhode Island">Scituate (Rhode Island)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seekonk,_Massachusetts" title="Seekonk, Massachusetts">Seekonk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharon,_Massachusetts" title="Sharon, Massachusetts">Sharon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smithfield,_Rhode_Island" title="Smithfield, Rhode Island">Smithfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somerset,_Massachusetts" title="Somerset, Massachusetts">Somerset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somersworth,_New_Hampshire" title="Somersworth, New Hampshire">Somersworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southbridge,_Massachusetts" title="Southbridge, Massachusetts">Southbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoneham,_Massachusetts" title="Stoneham, Massachusetts">Stoneham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spencer,_Massachusetts" title="Spencer, Massachusetts">Spencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudbury,_Massachusetts" title="Sudbury, Massachusetts">Sudbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swampscott,_Massachusetts" title="Swampscott, Massachusetts">Swampscott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swansea,_Massachusetts" title="Swansea, Massachusetts">Swansea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiverton,_Rhode_Island" title="Tiverton, Rhode Island">Tiverton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyngsborough,_Massachusetts" title="Tyngsborough, Massachusetts">Tyngsborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uxbridge,_Massachusetts" title="Uxbridge, Massachusetts">Uxbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walpole,_Massachusetts" title="Walpole, Massachusetts">Walpole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wareham,_Massachusetts" title="Wareham, Massachusetts">Wareham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren,_Rhode_Island" title="Warren, Rhode Island">Warren (Rhode Island)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayland,_Massachusetts" title="Wayland, Massachusetts">Wayland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Webster,_Massachusetts" title="Webster, Massachusetts">Webster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westborough,_Massachusetts" title="Westborough, Massachusetts">Westborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westerly,_Rhode_Island" title="Westerly, Rhode Island">Westerly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westford,_Massachusetts" title="Westford, Massachusetts">Westford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weston,_Massachusetts" title="Weston, Massachusetts">Weston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westport,_Massachusetts" title="Westport, Massachusetts">Westport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westwood,_Massachusetts" title="Westwood, Massachusetts">Westwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitman,_Massachusetts" title="Whitman, Massachusetts">Whitman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilmington,_Massachusetts" title="Wilmington, Massachusetts">Wilmington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winchendon,_Massachusetts" title="Winchendon, Massachusetts">Winchendon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winchester,_Massachusetts" title="Winchester, Massachusetts">Winchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windham,_New_Hampshire" title="Windham, New Hampshire">Windham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winthrop,_Massachusetts" title="Winthrop, Massachusetts">Winthrop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrentham,_Massachusetts" title="Wrentham, Massachusetts">Wrentham</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#367BCA; color: white;;width:1%">Sub-regions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a> proper</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Massachusetts" title="Central Massachusetts">Central Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merrimack_Valley" title="Merrimack Valley">Merrimack Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MetroWest" title="MetroWest">MetroWest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Shore_(Massachusetts)" title="North Shore (Massachusetts)">North Shore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island" title="Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Coast_(Massachusetts)" title="South Coast (Massachusetts)">South Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Shore_(Massachusetts)" title="South Shore (Massachusetts)">South Shore</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#367BCA; color: white;;width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northeast_megalopolis" title="Northeast megalopolis">Northeast megalopolis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Northeast_megalopolis_major_urban_regions" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Northeast_Megalopolis" title="Template:Northeast Megalopolis"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Northeast_Megalopolis" title="Template talk:Northeast Megalopolis"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Northeast_Megalopolis" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Northeast Megalopolis"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Northeast_megalopolis_major_urban_regions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Northeast_megalopolis" title="Northeast megalopolis">Northeast megalopolis</a> major urban regions</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Core cities are metropolitan core cities of at least a million people. The other areas are urban areas of cities that have an urban area of 150,000+ or of a metropolitan area of at least 250,000+. Satellite cities are in italics.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mid-Atlantic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Core cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_metropolitan_area" title="Baltimore metropolitan area">Baltimore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delaware_Valley" title="Delaware Valley">Delaware Valley</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Camden,_New_Jersey" title="Camden, New Jersey">Camden</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wilmington,_Delaware" title="Wilmington, Delaware">Wilmington</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hampton_Roads" title="Hampton Roads">Hampton Roads</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Beach,_Virginia" title="Virginia Beach, Virginia">Virginia Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk,_Virginia" title="Norfolk, Virginia">Norfolk</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Newport_News,_Virginia" title="Newport News, Virginia">Newport News</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_metropolitan_area" title="New York metropolitan area">New York</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">city</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Newark,_New_Jersey" title="Newark, New Jersey">Newark</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jersey_City,_New_Jersey" title="Jersey City, New Jersey">Jersey City</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Paterson,_New_Jersey" title="Paterson, New Jersey">Paterson</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth,_New_Jersey" title="Elizabeth, New Jersey">Elizabeth</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Richmond_Region" title="Greater Richmond Region">Richmond</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richmond,_Virginia" title="Richmond, Virginia">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_metropolitan_area" title="Washington metropolitan area">Washington</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">city</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Arlington_County,_Virginia" title="Arlington County, Virginia">Arlington</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alexandria,_Virginia" title="Alexandria, Virginia">Alexandria</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_City,_New_Jersey" title="Atlantic City, New Jersey">Atlantic City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hagerstown_metropolitan_area" title="Hagerstown metropolitan area">Hagerstown</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hagerstown,_Maryland" title="Hagerstown, Maryland">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrisburg%E2%80%93Carlisle_metropolitan_statistical_area" title="Harrisburg–Carlisle metropolitan statistical area">Harrisburg</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harrisburg,_Pennsylvania" title="Harrisburg, Pennsylvania">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster,_Pennsylvania" title="Lancaster, Pennsylvania">Lancaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lehigh_Valley" title="Lehigh Valley">Lehigh Valley</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allentown,_Pennsylvania" title="Allentown, Pennsylvania">Allentown</a>–<a href="/wiki/Bethlehem,_Pennsylvania" title="Bethlehem, Pennsylvania">Bethlehem</a>-<a href="/wiki/Easton,_Pennsylvania" title="Easton, Pennsylvania">Easton</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeastern_Pennsylvania" title="Northeastern Pennsylvania">Northeastern Pennsylvania</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wyoming_Valley" title="Wyoming Valley">Scranton/Wilkes-Barre</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poughkeepsie%E2%80%93Newburgh%E2%80%93Middletown_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Poughkeepsie–Newburgh–Middletown metropolitan area">Poughkeepsie–Newburgh</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Poughkeepsie,_New_York" title="Poughkeepsie, New York">city 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newburgh,_New_York" title="Newburgh, New York">city 2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reading,_Pennsylvania" title="Reading, Pennsylvania">Reading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salisbury_metropolitan_area" title="Salisbury metropolitan area">Salisbury</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Salisbury,_Maryland" title="Salisbury, Maryland">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trenton,_New_Jersey" title="Trenton, New Jersey">Trenton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/York,_Pennsylvania" title="York, Pennsylvania">York</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Combined areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Washington%E2%80%93Baltimore_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington–Baltimore metropolitan area">Washington–Baltimore</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New England</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Core cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Boston" title="Greater Boston">Boston</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">city</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts" title="Cambridge, Massachusetts">Cambridge</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Hartford" title="Greater Hartford">Hartford</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hartford,_Connecticut" title="Hartford, Connecticut">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Providence_metropolitan_area" title="Providence metropolitan area">Providence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Providence,_Rhode_Island" title="Providence, Rhode Island">city</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barnstable,_Massachusetts" title="Barnstable, Massachusetts">Barnstable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Bridgeport" title="Greater Bridgeport">Bridgeport–Stamford–Norwalk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bridgeport,_Connecticut" title="Bridgeport, Connecticut">city 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stamford,_Connecticut" title="Stamford, Connecticut">city 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwalk,_Connecticut" title="Norwalk, Connecticut">city 3</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Danbury" title="Greater Danbury">Danbury</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Danbury,_Connecticut" title="Danbury, Connecticut">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester,_New_Hampshire" title="Manchester, New Hampshire">Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashua,_New_Hampshire" title="Nashua, New Hampshire">Nashua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Bedford,_Massachusetts" title="New Bedford, Massachusetts">New Bedford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_New_Haven" title="Greater New Haven">New Haven</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Haven,_Connecticut" title="New Haven, Connecticut">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwich,_Connecticut" title="Norwich, Connecticut">Norwich</a>–<a href="/wiki/New_London,_Connecticut" title="New London, Connecticut">New London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portland_metropolitan_area,_Maine" title="Portland metropolitan area, Maine">Portland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portland,_Maine" title="Portland, Maine">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springfield_metropolitan_area,_Massachusetts" title="Springfield metropolitan area, Massachusetts">Springfield</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Massachusetts" title="Springfield, Massachusetts">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waterbury,_Connecticut" title="Waterbury, Connecticut">Waterbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worcester,_Massachusetts" title="Worcester, Massachusetts">Worcester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Combined areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Boston" title="Greater Boston">Boston–Providence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_metropolitan_area" title="New York metropolitan area">Bridgeport–Stamford–New Haven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartford%E2%80%93Springfield" title="Hartford–Springfield">Hartford–Springfield</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Megaregions_of_the_United_States" title="Megaregions of the United States">Other megaregions</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49196#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49196#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49196#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000403742819">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/147738679">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1207019/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJdWP76v94BhvVbyY8khpP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4320180-5">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79138601">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15295428r">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15295428r">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Newton (Massachusetts)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge565741&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX6079365">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007554932205171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/54ea3cb7-6a39-4318-934c-056849e00a8a">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/230259863">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10040728">NARA</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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