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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Chinese cartoonist and songwriter</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">In this <a href="/wiki/Chinese_name" title="Chinese name">Chinese name</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_surname" title="Chinese surname">family name</a> is <i> <a href="/wiki/He_(surname)" title="He (surname)">He</a></i>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">He Jianshi</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="nickname" lang="zh"><span lang="zh">何劍士</span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Portrait_of_Hejianshi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Portrait_of_Hejianshi.jpg/220px-Portrait_of_Hejianshi.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="308" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Portrait_of_Hejianshi.jpg/330px-Portrait_of_Hejianshi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Portrait_of_Hejianshi.jpg/440px-Portrait_of_Hejianshi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="513" data-file-height="719" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">He Bing (<span lang="zh">何昺</span>)</div><br />1877<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Nanhai_County" title="Nanhai County">Nanhai, Guangdong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qing_dynasty" title="Qing dynasty">Qing China</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">25 August 1915<span style="display:none">(1915-08-25)</span> (aged 37–38)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Guangzhou,_Guangdong" class="mw-redirect" title="Guangzhou, Guangdong">Guangzhou, Guangdong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">Republic of China</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de;">Chinese name</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E4%BD%95" class="extiw" title="wikt:何">何</a><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%8A%8D" class="extiw" title="wikt:劍">劍</a><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%A3%AB" class="extiw" title="wikt:士">士</a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;">何剑士</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Hé Jiànshì</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Wade%E2%80%93Giles" title="Wade–Giles">Wade–Giles</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn"><span>Ho<sup>2</sup> Chien<sup>4</sup>-shih<sup>4</sup></span></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin" title="Help:IPA/Mandarin">IPA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn"><span class="IPA" lang="cmn-Latn-fonipa" style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin" title="Help:IPA/Mandarin">[xɤ̌ tɕjɛ̂n.ʂî]</a></span></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Yue: Cantonese</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Jyutping" title="Jyutping">Jyutping</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">ho4 gim3 si6</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>He Jianshi</b> (<a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hant">何劍士</span>, 1877 – 1915) was a Chinese cartoonist, painter, and songwriter. The son of <a href="/w/index.php?title=He_Kunshan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="He Kunshan (page does not exist)">He Kunshan</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BD%95%E5%B4%91%E5%B1%B1" class="extiw" title="zh:何崑山">zh</a>]</span>, a wealthy businessman, He learned the arts in his youth, as well as swordfighting from a monk in <a href="/wiki/Sichuan" title="Sichuan">Sichuan</a>. In 1905, He began producing cartoons for the <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Current_Pictorial" title="Journal of Current Pictorial">Journal of Current Pictorial</a></i>, using among numerous others the pen name Jianshi ("Swordsman"), and continued producing <i><a href="/wiki/Manhua" title="Manhua">manhua</a></i> for <i><a href="/wiki/The_True_Record" title="The True Record">The True Record</a></i> when that magazine was established in 1911. A member of the <a href="/wiki/Tongmenghui" title="Tongmenghui">Tongmenghui</a>, an anti-<a href="/wiki/Qing_dynasty" title="Qing dynasty">Qing</a> movement, he promoted the use of <a href="/wiki/Chinese_opera" title="Chinese opera">Chinese opera</a> to spread revolutionary ideas. Analysis of He's work has emphasized his flamboyant style, drawing from the <a href="/wiki/Literati_painting" class="mw-redirect" title="Literati painting">literati tradition</a> while blending <a href="/wiki/Realism_(art)" class="mw-redirect" title="Realism (art)">realism</a> and exaggeration. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=He_Jianshi&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_life">Early life</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=He_Jianshi&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He Jianshi was born He Bing (<span lang="zh">何昺</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJiang2019_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJiang2019-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in <a href="/wiki/Nanhai,_Foshan" title="Nanhai, Foshan">Nanhai, Guangdong</a>, in 1877.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuo2014_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuo2014-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The son of <a href="/w/index.php?title=He_Kunshan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="He Kunshan (page does not exist)">He Kunshan</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BD%95%E5%B4%91%E5%B1%B1" class="extiw" title="zh:何崑山">zh</a>]</span>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESouthern_Metropolis_Daily2019_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESouthern_Metropolis_Daily2019-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a wealthy businessman,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He gained a familiarity with the arts –  including music, painting, and poetry –  from a young age.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuo2014_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuo2014-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other pursuits included <a href="/wiki/Equestrianism" title="Equestrianism">equestrianism</a> and hunting.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESouthern_Metropolis_Daily2019_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESouthern_Metropolis_Daily2019-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He developed a fondness for alcohol and a reputation as a womanizer.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In his youth, He wandered China. While in <a href="/wiki/Sichuan" title="Sichuan">Sichuan</a>, he trained under a monk, thereby becoming a proficient sword fighter.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJiang2019_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJiang2019-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He thus took Jianshi ("Swordsman") as his most commonly used <a href="/wiki/Art_name" title="Art name">art name</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZheng201823_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZheng201823-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though was also known by the <a href="/wiki/Courtesy_name" title="Courtesy name">courtesy name</a> Zhonghua (<span lang="zh">仲華</span>) and numerous pen names.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJiang2019_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJiang2019-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His family lost its fortune in the early 20th century, and He lived in isolation.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESouthern_Metropolis_Daily2019_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESouthern_Metropolis_Daily2019-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cartoonist">Cartoonist</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=He_Jianshi&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Cartoonist"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He returned to Guangdong, where he joined the <a href="/wiki/Tongmenghui" title="Tongmenghui">Tongmenghui</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJiang2019_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJiang2019-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a group opposed to the <a href="/wiki/Qing_dynasty" title="Qing dynasty">Qing dynasty</a>, and began producing <i><a href="/wiki/Manhua" title="Manhua">manhua</a></i> (cartoons) decrying them.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Current_Pictorial" title="Journal of Current Pictorial">Journal of Current Pictorial</a></i> was established under <a href="/wiki/Pan_Dawei" title="Pan Dawei">Pan Dawei</a> in September 1905, He joined as a cartoonist, producing numerous <i>manhua</i> for the magazine<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuo2014_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuo2014-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> –  eight to ten per issue.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJiang2019_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJiang2019-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For the magazine's inaugural issue, he prepared a short poem espousing its purpose: </p> <table cellpadding="6"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:33%;text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Written_Cantonese" title="Written Cantonese">Cantonese</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJiang2019_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJiang2019-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th style="width:33%;text-align:left">English<b></b> </th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap;"> <td style="width:33%;"> <p><span title="Yue Chinese-language text"><span lang="yue">時事駛乜你報<br /> 有畫就唔同<br /> 任你舌敝唇焦唔講得佢咁切痛<br /> 任你手拳指畫亦唔顯得佢咁玲瓏<br /> 呢個畫報主人心血熱湧<br /> 欲把國民喚醒在夢中<br /></span></span> </p> </td> <td style="width:33%;"> <p>Current events found in your newspaper<br /> Oh so different with pictures<br /> You can't speak with burnt tongue and lips, too great the pain<br /> No matter how you draw with your fists, it won't look the same<br /> The owner of this pictorial brims with passion<br /> Seeking to wake the people from their dreams. </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>At the time, the <a href="/wiki/Anti-Chinese_sentiment_in_the_United_States" title="Anti-Chinese sentiment in the United States">treatment of Chinese workers in the United States</a> was the subject of heated discourse. When American delegates –  including Secretary of War <a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">William Howard Taft</a> –  visited <a href="/wiki/Guangzhou" title="Guangzhou">Guangzhou</a> in 1905, the <i>Journal of Current Pictorial</i> published several <a href="/wiki/Anti-American_sentiment_in_mainland_China" title="Anti-American sentiment in mainland China">anti-American</a> articles.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He painted several pieces of <a href="/wiki/Street_art" title="Street art">street art</a> expressing similar sentiments. One, depicting a turtle carrying a beautiful woman, urged locals to refuse to carry <a href="/wiki/Sedan_chair" class="mw-redirect" title="Sedan chair">sedan chairs</a> for the visiting Americans.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJiang2019_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJiang2019-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ultimately, the <i>Journal of Current Pictorial</i> was banned by the Qing dynasty in 1907, and He and its staff left for Hong Kong to continue publication.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELentYing201713_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELentYing201713-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After continued pressure from the Qing government, in 1908 the British government of Hong Kong also banned the publication.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWong200233_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWong200233-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Later_years_and_death">Later years and death</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=He_Jianshi&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Later years and death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Xinhai_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Xinhai Revolution">Xinhai Revolution</a> in 1911, He penned several songs, including "Farewell" (<span lang="zh">送别</span>), "Flower Burial" (<span lang="zh">葬花</span>), and "Yanzi Tower" (<span lang="zh">燕子楼</span>). He believed that the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_opera" title="Chinese opera">Chinese opera</a> could be used to cultivate support for the revolutionaries,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuo2014_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuo2014-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in 1906 he had –  together with Pan Dawei, Lai Yitao, and Liang Juexian –  established the Youshijie Drama Society in Guangzhou for that purpose.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChen2010_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChen2010-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was manager of the group.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChen2010_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChen2010-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1912, with the establishment of <i><a href="/wiki/The_True_Record" title="The True Record">The True Record</a></i>, He was one of the inaugural staff.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELentYing201713_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELentYing201713-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before it closed in 1913, the magazine published dozens of comics; attribution is difficult, as He and fellow cartoonists Zheng Nuquan and Ma Xingchi used more than a dozen pen names between them.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPanXu2011134_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPanXu2011134-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Often working through the night, He became sickly and was later diagnosed with <a href="/wiki/Tuberculosis" title="Tuberculosis">tuberculosis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJiang2019_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJiang2019-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He died in Guangdong on 16 July 1915,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> shortly after painting a picture of swarming insects.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuo2014_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuo2014-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The comics writer Zheng Jiazhen writes that, shortly before he died, He fell into a stupor. Upon awakening, he found that his hair had greyed, and realized that he would soon die.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZheng201823_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZheng201823-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Analysis">Analysis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=He_Jianshi&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Analysis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to Guo Shan of <i>Nanfeng News</i>, He had a flamboyant style. He's early works drew from the <a href="/wiki/Realism_(art)" class="mw-redirect" title="Realism (art)">realism</a> that marked cartoons in the <i><a href="/wiki/Dianshizhai_Pictorial" title="Dianshizhai Pictorial">Dianshizhai Pictorial</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuo2014_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuo2014-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> an illustrated magazine published as a supplement to the <i><a href="/wiki/Shen_Bao" title="Shen Bao">Shen Bao</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPanXu2011134_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPanXu2011134-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over time, however, these works became increasingly exaggerated and imaginative.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuo2014_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuo2014-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>manhua</i> scholar Huang Dade described his work as an awakening, showing that while it is necessary to grasp the essence of <a href="/wiki/Realism_(art)" class="mw-redirect" title="Realism (art)">realism</a>, an exaggerated or even sloppy presentation can be effective.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zheng writes that he greatly influenced the development of Hong Kong <i>manhua</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZheng201823_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZheng201823-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In painting, He drew from the <a href="/wiki/Literati_painting" class="mw-redirect" title="Literati painting">literati tradition</a>. Hu Shan of the Hong Kong Asia Pacific Artists Association notes a combination of <a href="/wiki/Chinese_painting" title="Chinese painting">traditional styles and brushwork</a> with Western concepts of sketching and shading. Hu writes that He's skills cannot be described as profound, which he attributes to the breadth of the artist's interests.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=He_Jianshi&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 266.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 264.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:He_Jianshi_-_Grinding_Sesame_Oil.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Grinding Sesame Oil"><img alt="Grinding Sesame Oil" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/He_Jianshi_-_Grinding_Sesame_Oil.jpg/397px-He_Jianshi_-_Grinding_Sesame_Oil.jpg" decoding="async" width="265" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/He_Jianshi_-_Grinding_Sesame_Oil.jpg/595px-He_Jianshi_-_Grinding_Sesame_Oil.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/He_Jianshi_-_Grinding_Sesame_Oil.jpg 2x" data-file-width="724" data-file-height="548" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Grinding Sesame Oil</i> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 266.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 264.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:He_Jianshi_-_Seizing_the_Opportunity_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seizing the Opportunity"><img alt="Seizing the Opportunity" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/He_Jianshi_-_Seizing_the_Opportunity_01.jpg/397px-He_Jianshi_-_Seizing_the_Opportunity_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="265" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/He_Jianshi_-_Seizing_the_Opportunity_01.jpg/595px-He_Jianshi_-_Seizing_the_Opportunity_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c4/He_Jianshi_-_Seizing_the_Opportunity_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="724" data-file-height="548" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Seizing the Opportunity</i> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 270px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 268px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:He_Jianshi_-_%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9%E5%86%8C%E9%A1%B5_(Character_album).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Character Album"><img alt="Character Album" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/He_Jianshi_-_%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9%E5%86%8C%E9%A1%B5_%28Character_album%29.jpg/402px-He_Jianshi_-_%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9%E5%86%8C%E9%A1%B5_%28Character_album%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="268" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/He_Jianshi_-_%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9%E5%86%8C%E9%A1%B5_%28Character_album%29.jpg/602px-He_Jianshi_-_%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9%E5%86%8C%E9%A1%B5_%28Character_album%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/He_Jianshi_-_%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9%E5%86%8C%E9%A1%B5_%28Character_album%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="523" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Character Album</i> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 272.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 270.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:He_Jianshi_-_%E7%9B%97%E5%AF%87%E7%8B%82%E6%AD%8C_The_Bandit%27s_Song_(1913).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Bandit's Song (1913)"><img alt="The Bandit's Song (1913)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/He_Jianshi_-_%E7%9B%97%E5%AF%87%E7%8B%82%E6%AD%8C_The_Bandit%27s_Song_%281913%29.jpg/406px-He_Jianshi_-_%E7%9B%97%E5%AF%87%E7%8B%82%E6%AD%8C_The_Bandit%27s_Song_%281913%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="271" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/He_Jianshi_-_%E7%9B%97%E5%AF%87%E7%8B%82%E6%AD%8C_The_Bandit%27s_Song_%281913%29.jpg/609px-He_Jianshi_-_%E7%9B%97%E5%AF%87%E7%8B%82%E6%AD%8C_The_Bandit%27s_Song_%281913%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/He_Jianshi_-_%E7%9B%97%E5%AF%87%E7%8B%82%E6%AD%8C_The_Bandit%27s_Song_%281913%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="517" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>The Bandit's Song</i> (1913)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Explanatory_notes">Explanatory notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=He_Jianshi&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Explanatory notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">He Kunshan had studied in Germany and taken a German woman as a second wife. He Jianshi had two half-siblings from the union (<a href="#CITEREFSouthern_Metropolis_Daily2019">Southern Metropolis Daily 2019</a>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Guangdong Department of Arts and Culture (<a href="#CITEREFJiang2019">Jiang 2019</a>) records the following: Anjian (<span lang="zh">按剑</span>), Yunzhong (<span lang="zh">允中</span>), Ga Gasheng (<span lang="zh">嗄嗄生</span>), Yapai (<span lang="zh">亚派</span>), Jianlang (<span lang="zh">剑郎</span>, "Sword Master"), Jianshilang (<span lang="zh">剑士郎</span>, "Swordsman"), Mojian Shaonian (<span lang="zh">磨剑少年</span>, "Sword-Grinder"), Nanxia Yajian (<span lang="zh">南侠亚剑</span>), and Nanhai Jiansanlang (<span lang="zh">南海剑三郎</span>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">At the time, the term <i>manhua</i> had yet to be adopted. He would have known these works as "funny pictures" (<span lang="zh">谐画</span>; <span lang="zh">滑稽画</span>) or "satire pictures" (<span lang="zh">讽刺画</span>) (<a href="#CITEREFSouthern_Metropolis_Daily2019">Southern Metropolis Daily 2019</a>).</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=He_Jianshi&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJiang2019-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJiang2019_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJiang2019_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJiang2019_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJiang2019_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJiang2019_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJiang2019_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJiang2019_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJiang2019_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJiang2019">Jiang 2019</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuo2014-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuo2014_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuo2014_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuo2014_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuo2014_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuo2014_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuo2014_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuo2014_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGuo2014">Guo 2014</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESouthern_Metropolis_Daily2019-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESouthern_Metropolis_Daily2019_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESouthern_Metropolis_Daily2019_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESouthern_Metropolis_Daily2019_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSouthern_Metropolis_Daily2019">Southern Metropolis Daily 2019</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGuo2014">Guo 2014</a>; <a href="#CITEREFSouthern_Metropolis_Daily2019">Southern Metropolis Daily 2019</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEZheng201823-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZheng201823_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZheng201823_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZheng201823_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZheng2018">Zheng 2018</a>, p. 23.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLentYing2017">Lent & Ying 2017</a>, p. 13; <a href="#CITEREFJiang2019">Jiang 2019</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELentYing201713-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELentYing201713_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELentYing201713_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLentYing2017">Lent & Ying 2017</a>, p. 13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWong200233-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWong200233_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWong2002">Wong 2002</a>, p. 33.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChen2010-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChen2010_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChen2010_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChen2010">Chen 2010</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPanXu2011134-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPanXu2011134_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPanXu2011134_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPanXu2011">Pan & Xu 2011</a>, p. 134.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPhoenix_Television,_2015">Phoenix Television, 2015</a>; <a href="#CITEREFFoshan_Museum">Foshan Museum</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">quoted in <a href="#CITEREFGuo2014">Guo (2014)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">quoted in <a href="#CITEREFSouthern_Metropolis_Daily2019">Southern Metropolis Daily (2019)</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works_cited">Works cited</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=He_Jianshi&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Works cited"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSouthern_Metropolis_Daily2019" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20240118094113/https://www.gzlib.org.cn/gzlp/151984.jhtml"><bdi lang="zh">[广州画卷] 何剑士：辣笔妙画风流倜傥讥刺怒骂快意恩仇</bdi></a> [[Guangzhou Scroll] He Jianshi: The Sharp and Wonderful Painting of a Romantic and Suave Man, Satirizing and Scolding, and Taking Pleasure in Gratitude and Revenge]. <i>Southern Metropolis Daily</i> (in Chinese). 26 May 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gzlib.org.cn/gzlp/151984.jhtml">the original</a> on 18 January 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Zhongshan+Daily&rft.atitle=%E5%AD%99%E4%B8%AD%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%8E%E7%B2%A4%E5%89%A7%E5%8F%8A%E7%B2%A4%E5%89%A7%E8%89%BA%E4%BA%BA&rft.date=2010-02-21&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Xianqing&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.2499cn.com%2Fsunyuyueju.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHe+Jianshi" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuo2014" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Guo Shan (蔡登山) (28 August 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241004134050/https://collection.sina.com.cn/jczs/20140828/1223162927.shtml?from=wap"><bdi lang="zh">潘达微与何剑士：寓褒贬于毫端诛奸邪于纸上</bdi></a> [Pan Dawei and He Jianshi: Putting Praise and Blame to Paper and Punishing Evil on Paper]. <i>Nanfeng News</i> (in Chinese). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collection.sina.com.cn/jczs/20140828/1223162927.shtml?from=wap">the original</a> on 4 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 October</span> 2024</span> – via Sina.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nanfeng+News&rft.atitle=%E6%BD%98%E8%BE%BE%E5%BE%AE%E4%B8%8E%E4%BD%95%E5%89%91%E5%A3%AB%EF%BC%9A%E5%AF%93%E8%A4%92%E8%B4%AC%E4%BA%8E%E6%AF%AB%E7%AB%AF%E8%AF%9B%E5%A5%B8%E9%82%AA%E4%BA%8E%E7%BA%B8%E4%B8%8A&rft.date=2014-08-28&rft.aulast=Guo&rft.aufirst=Shan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcollection.sina.com.cn%2Fjczs%2F20140828%2F1223162927.shtml%3Ffrom%3Dwap&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHe+Jianshi" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFoshan_Museum" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20241109212632/https://www.foshanmuseum.com/search/detail.html?id=9735"><bdi lang="zh">何剑士</bdi></a> [He Jianshi]. Foshan Museum. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E4%BD%95%E5%89%91%E5%A3%AB&rft.pub=Foshan+Museum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.foshanmuseum.com%2Fsearch%2Fdetail.html%3Fid%3D9735&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHe+Jianshi" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJiang2019" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Jiang Peiyang (江沛扬) (6 May 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200721182110/http://www.gdwsw.gov.cn/dfjy/201905/t20190508_1000126.htm"><bdi lang="zh">广东——中国现代漫画的策源地</bdi></a> [Guangdong – The Origin of Modern Chinese Comics] (in Chinese). Guangdong Department of Arts and Culture. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gdwsw.gov.cn/dfjy/201905/t20190508_1000126.htm">the original</a> on 21 July 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E5%B9%BF%E4%B8%9C%E2%80%94%E2%80%94%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%BC%AB%E7%94%BB%E7%9A%84%E7%AD%96%E6%BA%90%E5%9C%B0&rft.pub=Guangdong+Department+of+Arts+and+Culture&rft.date=2019-05-06&rft.aulast=Jiang&rft.aufirst=Peiyang&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gdwsw.gov.cn%2Fdfjy%2F201905%2Ft20190508_1000126.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHe+Jianshi" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLentYing2017" class="citation book cs1">Lent, John A.; Ying, Xu (2017). "Cradle of Chinese Cartooning". In Lent, John A.; Ying, Xu (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eF4qDwAAQBAJ"><i>Comics Art in China</i></a>. Univ. Press of Mississippi. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.14325%2Fmississippi%2F9781496811745.003.0001">10.14325/mississippi/9781496811745.003.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4968-1175-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4968-1175-2"><bdi>978-1-4968-1175-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Cradle+of+Chinese+Cartooning&rft.btitle=Comics+Art+in+China&rft.pub=Univ.+Press+of+Mississippi&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.14325%2Fmississippi%2F9781496811745.003.0001&rft.isbn=978-1-4968-1175-2&rft.aulast=Lent&rft.aufirst=John+A.&rft.au=Ying%2C+Xu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DeF4qDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHe+Jianshi" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPanXu2011" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Pan Yaochang (潘耀昌) Xu Li (徐立) (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yrdcpcn.com/upload/2023/0707/7a664ac6-65eb-4407-9c25-45feeadcb39b.pdf"><bdi lang="zh">上海早期都市文艺先锋《真相画报》</bdi></a> [Shanghai's Early Urban Art Pioneer - "The True Record"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Journal of Shanghai University</i> (in Chinese): 131–140.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Shanghai+University&rft.atitle=%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E6%97%A9%E6%9C%9F%E9%83%BD%E5%B8%82%E6%96%87%E8%89%BA%E5%85%88%E9%94%8B%E3%80%8A%E7%9C%9F%E7%9B%B8%E7%94%BB%E6%8A%A5%E3%80%8B&rft.pages=131-140&rft.date=2011&rft.aulast=Pan&rft.aufirst=Yaochang&rft.au=Xu%2C+Li&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yrdcpcn.com%2Fupload%2F2023%2F0707%2F7a664ac6-65eb-4407-9c25-45feeadcb39b.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHe+Jianshi" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWong2002" class="citation book cs1">Wong, Wendy Siuyi (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sNaQQxhcD-oC"><i>Hong Kong Comics</i></a>. New York: Princeton Architectural Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56898-269-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56898-269-4"><bdi>978-1-56898-269-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hong+Kong+Comics&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Princeton+Architectural+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-1-56898-269-4&rft.aulast=Wong&rft.aufirst=Wendy+Siuyi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DsNaQQxhcD-oC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHe+Jianshi" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZheng2018" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Zheng Jiazhen (鄭家鎮) (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qUYpEAAAQBAJ"><bdi lang="zh">香港漫畫春秋</bdi></a> [<i>Hong Kong Comics: Spring and Autumn</i>] (in Chinese). Sanlian Bookstore. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-962-04-4165-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-962-04-4165-3"><bdi>978-962-04-4165-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E6%BC%AB%E7%95%AB%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B&rft.pub=Sanlian+Bookstore&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-962-04-4165-3&rft.aulast=Zheng&rft.aufirst=Jiazhen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqUYpEAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHe+Jianshi" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhoenix_Television,_2015" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241109212505/https://news.ifeng.com/a/20151115/46248023_0.shtml"><bdi lang="zh">广东是中国现代漫画的发源地</bdi></a> [Guangdong is the Birthplace of Modern Chinese Comics]. <i>ifeng.com</i> (in Chinese). Phoenix Television. 15 November 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.ifeng.com/a/20151115/46248023_0.shtml">the original</a> on 9 November 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ifeng.com&rft.atitle=%E5%B9%BF%E4%B8%9C%E6%98%AF%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%BC%AB%E7%94%BB%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%91%E6%BA%90%E5%9C%B0&rft.date=2015-11-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.ifeng.com%2Fa%2F20151115%2F46248023_0.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHe+Jianshi" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=He_Jianshi&oldid=1257544515">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=He_Jianshi&oldid=1257544515</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1877_births" title="Category:1877 births">1877 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1915_deaths" title="Category:1915 deaths">1915 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Nanhai_District" title="Category:People from Nanhai District">People from Nanhai District</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chinese_editorial_cartoonists" title="Category:Chinese editorial cartoonists">Chinese editorial cartoonists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_Chinese_painters" title="Category:20th-century Chinese painters">20th-century Chinese painters</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chinese_songwriters" title="Category:Chinese songwriters">Chinese songwriters</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Chinese-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Chinese-language text">Articles containing Chinese-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_Oxford_spelling_from_October_2024" title="Category:Use Oxford spelling from October 2024">Use Oxford spelling from October 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_November_2024" title="Category:Use dmy dates from November 2024">Use dmy dates from November 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards" title="Category:Articles with hCards">Articles with hCards</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_traditional_Chinese-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing traditional Chinese-language text">Articles containing traditional Chinese-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Yue_Chinese-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Yue Chinese-language text">Articles containing Yue Chinese-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_uses_Chinese-language_script_(zh)" title="Category:CS1 uses Chinese-language script (zh)">CS1 uses Chinese-language script (zh)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Chinese-language_sources_(zh)" title="Category:CS1 Chinese-language sources (zh)">CS1 Chinese-language sources (zh)</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 15 November 2024, at 13:32<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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