CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"> <script src="https://cdn-ukwest.onetrust.com/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js" data-document-language="true" type="text/javascript" charset="UTF-8" data-domain-script="31039219-1d97-4549-9551-dbd0a9b33f9e" tb-donotmove></script> <script type="text/javascript" tb-donotmove> function OptanonWrapper() { } </script> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://static.medicaldesignbriefs.com/templates/mdb_2018/images/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="/templates/mdb_2018/images/apple-touch-icon.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="https://static.medicaldesignbriefs.com/templates/mdb_2018/images/favicon-32x32.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="https://static.medicaldesignbriefs.com/templates/mdb_2018/images/favicon-16x16.png"> <link rel="manifest" href="/templates/mdb_2018/images/site.webmanifest"> <link rel="mask-icon" href="/templates/mdb_2018/images/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#dc643b"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#ffc40d"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://res.cloudinary.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://kit.fontawesome.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://kit-pro.fontawesome.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.googletagmanager.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.googletagservices.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.google-analytics.com/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://cdn.shareaholic.net"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://olytics.omeda.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://px.ads.linkedin.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://snap.licdn.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://cdn-ukwest.onetrust.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://agent.extrawatch.com"> <link rel="preload" as="style" href="/templates/mdb_2018/css/template.min.css?t=1732180729" integrity="sha512-nff3aWZDIDxg0tWNzmHpVJBIYzeNKxD4MoBEEkbkMiS5E+xdfuInyttVoJSbSWn5clseSEQrzufa8Bl8rXvN9A==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/cloudinary-core/2.13.1/cloudinary-core-shrinkwrap.min.js" integrity="sha512-stp48jOOmT4TXnB4bMJ0rlcR7XagE92cqr7pEb+oFQox6qNSyKiN31GajDsg5VVn+HgM5mhOZinSRXowsRmgPg==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://kit.fontawesome.com/e04325f501.js" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/masonry/4.2.2/masonry.pkgd.min.js" integrity="sha512-JRlcvSZAXT8+5SQQAvklXGJuxXTouyq8oIMaYERZQasB8SBDHZaUbeASsJWpk0UUrf89DP3/aefPPrlMR1h1yQ==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lazysizes/5.3.2/lazysizes.min.js" integrity="sha512-q583ppKrCRc7N5O0n2nzUiJ+suUv7Et1JGels4bXOaMFQcamPk9HjdUknZuuFjBNs7tsMuadge5k9RzdmO+1GQ==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lazysizes/5.3.2/plugins/print/ls.print.min.js" integrity="sha512-tY3D/iSWSdQE2NSLW/mRWQd/bvHAGjyCLRwSd23sqNbbgVnUaah2t+ZpX7hdBOskZ7PqYvwe4E+qxNARGojJGQ==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.7.1/jquery.min.js" integrity="sha512-v2CJ7UaYy4JwqLDIrZUI/4hqeoQieOmAZNXBeQyjo21dadnwR+8ZaIJVT8EE2iyI61OV8e6M8PP2/4hpQINQ/g==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bootstrap/5.2.3/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" integrity="sha512-i9cEfJwUwViEPFKdC1enz4ZRGBj8YQo6QByFTF92YXHi7waCqyexvRD75S5NVTsSiTv7rKWqG9Y5eFxmRsOn0A==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/limonte-sweetalert2/11.14.5/sweetalert2.all.min.js" integrity="sha512-m4zOGknNg3h+mK09EizkXi9Nf7B3zwsN9ow+YkYIPZoA6iX2vSzLezg4FnW0Q6Z1CPaJdwgUFQ3WSAUC4E/5Hg==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bootstrap-select/1.14.0-beta3/css/bootstrap-select.min.css" integrity="sha512-g2SduJKxa4Lbn3GW+Q7rNz+pKP9AWMR++Ta8fgwsZRCUsawjPvF/BxSMkGS61VsR9yinGoEgrHPGPn2mrj8+4w==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bootstrap-select/1.14.0-beta3/js/bootstrap-select.min.js" integrity="sha512-yrOmjPdp8qH8hgLfWpSFhC/+R9Cj9USL8uJxYIveJZGAiedxyIxwNw4RsLDlcjNlIRR4kkHaDHSmNHAkxFTmgg==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"/> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="robots" content="index, follow"> <meta name="keywords" content="Features"> <meta name="author" content="SAE Media Group"> <meta value="twitter:site" content="@TechBriefsMag"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <meta name="description" content="Medical Design Briefs features exclusive coverage of the latest medical and bio medical innovations from NASA, its industry partners, and other major players in medical research and development worldwide. From heart pumps and defibrillators to surgical robots, NASA has developed thousands of medical breakthroughs on the way to space. Articles and product briefs focus on design advances that are shaping the future of health care — improving safety and saving lives while reducing costs. Each issue reports on electronics, sensors, test, measurement, imaging, software, materials, mechanical components, manufacturing, prototyping, and much more."> <title>Articles - Medical Design Briefs</title> <link href="https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/mdb/features/articles" rel="canonical"> <style>/** * Critical CSS created by criticalcss.com * file: /css/critical/tags-topic.css' * createdAt : 2024-11-21T09:26:14.000Z * resultStatus : GOOD * originalSize : 294811 * size : 0 * validationStatus : GOOD */ @charset "UTF-8";@font-face{font-family:Lato;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-display:swap;src:url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6uyw4BMUTPHjx4wWw.ttf) format('truetype')}@font-face{font-family:Lato;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;font-display:swap;src:url(https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v24/S6u9w4BMUTPHh6UVSwiPHA.ttf) format('truetype')}:root{--bs-blue:#0d6efd;--bs-indigo:#6610f2;--bs-purple:#6f42c1;--bs-pink:#d63384;--bs-red:#dc3545;--bs-orange:#fd7e14;--bs-yellow:#ffc107;--bs-green:#198754;--bs-teal:#20c997;--bs-cyan:#0dcaf0;--bs-black:#000;--bs-white:#fff;--bs-gray:#6c757d;--bs-gray-dark:#343a40;--bs-gray-100:#f8f9fa;--bs-gray-200:#e9ecef;--bs-gray-300:#dee2e6;--bs-gray-400:#ced4da;--bs-gray-500:#adb5bd;--bs-gray-600:#6c757d;--bs-gray-700:#495057;--bs-gray-800:#343a40;--bs-gray-900:#212529;--bs-primary:#324a98;--bs-secondary:#6c757d;--bs-success:#198754;--bs-info:#0dcaf0;--bs-warning:#ffc107;--bs-danger:#e60000;--bs-light:#f8f9fa;--bs-dark:#212529;--bs-inverse:#fff;--bs-navbar:#dadcde;--bs-navitem:#fff;--bs-lightgray:#e9ecef;--bs-color-indigo:#6610f2;--bs-color-cyan:#0dcaf0;--bs-color-blue:#0d6efd;--bs-color-orange:#fd7e14;--bs-color-red:#dc3545;--bs-color-yellow:#ffc107;--bs-color-teal:#20c997;--bs-color-green:#198754;--bs-color-pink:#d63384;--bs-color-black:#000;--bs-color-white:#fff;--bs-color-gray:#6c757d;--bs-color-gray-dark:#343a40;--bs-cache:#6610f2;--bs-notice:#0dcaf0;--bs-topic:#bd3911;--bs-advertising:#ffc107;--bs-primary-rgb:50,74,152;--bs-secondary-rgb:108,117,125;--bs-success-rgb:25,135,84;--bs-info-rgb:13,202,240;--bs-warning-rgb:255,193,7;--bs-danger-rgb:230,0,0;--bs-light-rgb:248,249,250;--bs-dark-rgb:33,37,41;--bs-inverse-rgb:255,255,255;--bs-navbar-rgb:218,220,222;--bs-navitem-rgb:255,255,255;--bs-lightgray-rgb:233,236,239;--bs-color-indigo-rgb:102,16,242;--bs-color-cyan-rgb:13,202,240;--bs-color-blue-rgb:13,110,253;--bs-color-orange-rgb:253,126,20;--bs-color-red-rgb:220,53,69;--bs-color-yellow-rgb:255,193,7;--bs-color-teal-rgb:32,201,151;--bs-color-green-rgb:25,135,84;--bs-color-pink-rgb:214,51,132;--bs-color-black-rgb:0,0,0;--bs-color-white-rgb:255,255,255;--bs-color-gray-rgb:108,117,125;--bs-color-gray-dark-rgb:52,58,64;--bs-cache-rgb:102,16,242;--bs-notice-rgb:13,202,240;--bs-topic-rgb:189,57,17;--bs-advertising-rgb:255,193,7;--bs-white-rgb:255,255,255;--bs-black-rgb:0,0,0;--bs-body-color-rgb:33,37,41;--bs-body-bg-rgb:255,255,255;--bs-font-sans-serif:"Lato",sans-serif;--bs-font-monospace:SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,"Liberation Mono","Courier New",monospace;--bs-gradient:linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15), rgba(255, 255, 255, 0));--bs-body-font-family:Lucida Bright,Lucidabright,Lucida Serif,Lucida,Palatino,Times New Roman,Times,serif;--bs-body-font-size:1rem;--bs-body-font-weight:400;--bs-body-line-height:1.5;--bs-body-color:#212529;--bs-body-bg:#fff;--bs-border-width:1px;--bs-border-style:solid;--bs-border-color:#ced4da;--bs-border-color-translucent:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.175);--bs-border-radius:0.375rem;--bs-border-radius-sm:0.25rem;--bs-border-radius-lg:0.5rem;--bs-border-radius-xl:1rem;--bs-border-radius-2xl:2rem;--bs-border-radius-pill:50rem;--bs-link-color:#bd3911;--bs-link-hover-color:rgb(151.2, 45.6, 13.6);--bs-code-color:#d63384;--bs-highlight-bg:rgb(255, 242.6, 205.4)}*,::after,::before{box-sizing:border-box}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:no-preference){:root{scroll-behavior:smooth}}body{margin:0;font-family:var(--bs-body-font-family);font-size:var(--bs-body-font-size);font-weight:var(--bs-body-font-weight);line-height:var(--bs-body-line-height);color:var(--bs-body-color);text-align:var(--bs-body-text-align);background-color:var(--bs-body-bg);-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;padding-top:150px}hr{margin:1rem 0;color:inherit;border:0;border-top:1px solid #6c757d;opacity:.25}h1,h3,h4,h5,h6{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.5rem;font-family:Lato,sans-serif;font-weight:700;line-height:1.2;color:#bd3911}h1{font-size:calc(1.325rem + .9vw)}@media (min-width:1200px){h1{font-size:2rem}}h3{font-size:calc(1.3rem + .6vw)}@media (min-width:1200px){h3{font-size:1.75rem}}h4{font-size:calc(1.275rem + .3vw)}@media (min-width:1200px){h4{font-size:1.5rem}}h5{font-size:1.25rem}h6{font-size:1rem}p{margin-top:0}ol,ul{padding-left:2rem;margin-top:0}ol,p,ul{margin-bottom:1rem}a{color:var(--bs-link-color);text-decoration:none}img{vertical-align:middle;max-width:100%;height:auto}label{display:inline-block}button{border-radius:0;text-transform:none;margin:0;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}input{margin:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}[type=button],[type=submit],button{-webkit-appearance:button}::-moz-focus-inner{padding:0;border-style:none}::-webkit-datetime-edit-day-field,::-webkit-datetime-edit-fields-wrapper,::-webkit-datetime-edit-hour-field,::-webkit-datetime-edit-minute,::-webkit-datetime-edit-month-field,::-webkit-datetime-edit-text,::-webkit-datetime-edit-year-field{padding:0}::-webkit-inner-spin-button{height:auto}::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}::-webkit-color-swatch-wrapper{padding:0}::file-selector-button{font:inherit;-webkit-appearance:button}iframe{border:0}.container,.container-fluid{--bs-gutter-x:1.5rem;--bs-gutter-y:0;width:100%;padding-right:calc(var(--bs-gutter-x)*.5);padding-left:calc(var(--bs-gutter-x)*.5);margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto}@media (min-width:576px){.container{max-width:540px}}@media (min-width:768px){.container{max-width:720px}}@media (min-width:992px){.container{max-width:960px}}@media (min-width:1200px){.container{max-width:1140px}}@media (min-width:1400px){.container{max-width:1320px}}.features .story .item-wrapper,.row{--bs-gutter-x:1.5rem;--bs-gutter-y:0;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:calc(-1*var(--bs-gutter-y));margin-right:calc(-.5*var(--bs-gutter-x));margin-left:calc(-.5*var(--bs-gutter-x))}.features .story .item-wrapper>*,.row>*{flex-shrink:0;width:100%;max-width:100%;padding-right:calc(var(--bs-gutter-x)*.5);padding-left:calc(var(--bs-gutter-x)*.5);margin-top:var(--bs-gutter-y)}.col{flex:1 0 0%}.col-1{flex:0 0 auto;width:8.33333333%}.col-2,.col-3{flex:0 0 auto;width:16.66666667%}.col-3{width:25%}.col-5{flex:0 0 auto;width:41.66666667%}.col-8{flex:0 0 auto;width:66.66666667%}.col-10{flex:0 0 auto;width:83.33333333%}.col-12,.features .story .item-wrapper>div{flex:0 0 auto;width:100%}.g-0{--bs-gutter-x:0;--bs-gutter-y:0}@media (min-width:576px){.col-sm-5,.features .story .item-wrapper .feature-image{flex:0 0 auto;width:41.66666667%}.col-sm-6{flex:0 0 auto;width:50%}.col-sm-7,.features .story .item-wrapper .feature-title{flex:0 0 auto;width:58.33333333%}.col-sm-10{flex:0 0 auto;width:83.33333333%}}@media (min-width:768px){.col-md-5{flex:0 0 auto;width:41.66666667%}.col-md-6,.features .story{flex:0 0 auto;width:50%}.col-md-7{flex:0 0 auto;width:58.33333333%}#ntb-tags-level-topic .marquee>div:first-child{flex:0 0 auto;width:75%}.col-md-12,.features .story .item-wrapper .feature-image,.features .story .item-wrapper .feature-title{flex:0 0 auto;width:100%}}@media (min-width:992px){.col-lg-4{flex:0 0 auto;width:33.33333333%}.col-lg-5{flex:0 0 auto;width:41.66666667%}.col-lg-7,.col-lg-8{flex:0 0 auto;width:58.33333333%}.col-lg-8{width:66.66666667%}}@media (min-width:1200px){.col-xl-4{flex:0 0 auto;width:33.33333333%}.col-xl-8{flex:0 0 auto;width:66.66666667%}}.form-control{display:block;width:100%;padding:.375rem .75rem;font-size:1rem;font-weight:400;line-height:1.5;color:#212529;background-color:#fff;background-clip:padding-box;border:1px solid #ced4da;-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;appearance:none;border-radius:.375rem;box-shadow:inset 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.075)}.form-control::-webkit-date-and-time-value{height:1.5em}.form-control::-moz-placeholder{color:#6c757d;opacity:1}.form-floating{position:relative}.form-floating>.form-control{height:calc(3.5rem + 2px);line-height:1.25;padding:1rem .75rem}.form-floating>label{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;padding:1rem .75rem;overflow:hidden;text-align:start;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap;border:1px solid transparent;transform-origin:0 0}.form-floating>.form-control::-moz-placeholder{color:transparent}.form-floating>.form-control:-webkit-autofill{padding-top:1.625rem;padding-bottom:.625rem}.form-floating>.form-control:-webkit-autofill~label{opacity:.65;transform:scale(.85) translateY(-.5rem) translateX(.15rem)}.input-group{position:relative;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:stretch;width:100%}.input-group>.form-floating{position:relative;flex:1 1 auto;width:1%;min-width:0}.input-group .btn{position:relative;z-index:2}.input-group:not(.has-validation)>.form-floating:not(:last-child)>.form-control{border-top-right-radius:0;border-bottom-right-radius:0}.input-group>:not(:first-child):not(.dropdown-menu):not(.valid-tooltip):not(.valid-feedback):not(.invalid-tooltip):not(.invalid-feedback){margin-left:-1px;border-top-left-radius:0;border-bottom-left-radius:0}.btn{color:var(--bs-btn-color);background-color:var(--bs-btn-bg);--bs-btn-padding-x:0.75rem;--bs-btn-padding-y:0.375rem;--bs-btn-font-size:1rem;--bs-btn-font-weight:400;--bs-btn-line-height:1.5;--bs-btn-color:#212529;--bs-btn-bg:transparent;--bs-btn-border-width:1px;--bs-btn-border-color:transparent;--bs-btn-border-radius:0.375rem;--bs-btn-hover-border-color:transparent;--bs-btn-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15),0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);--bs-btn-disabled-opacity:0.65;--bs-btn-focus-box-shadow:0 0 0 0.25rem rgba(var(--bs-btn-focus-shadow-rgb), .5);display:inline-block;padding:var(--bs-btn-padding-y) var(--bs-btn-padding-x);font-family:var(--bs-btn-font-family);font-size:var(--bs-btn-font-size);font-weight:var(--bs-btn-font-weight);line-height:var(--bs-btn-line-height);text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;border:var(--bs-btn-border-width) solid var(--bs-btn-border-color);border-radius:var(--bs-btn-border-radius);background-image:var(--bs-gradient);box-shadow:var(--bs-btn-box-shadow)}.btn-primary{--bs-btn-bg:#324a98;--bs-btn-border-color:#324a98;--bs-btn-hover-bg:rgb(42.5, 62.9, 129.2);--bs-btn-hover-border-color:rgb(40, 59.2, 121.6);--bs-btn-focus-shadow-rgb:81,101,167;--bs-btn-active-bg:rgb(40, 59.2, 121.6);--bs-btn-active-border-color:rgb(37.5, 55.5, 114);--bs-btn-disabled-bg:#324a98;--bs-btn-disabled-border-color:#324a98}.btn-primary,.btn-secondary{--bs-btn-color:#fff;--bs-btn-hover-color:#fff;--bs-btn-active-color:#fff;--bs-btn-active-shadow:inset 0 3px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.125);--bs-btn-disabled-color:#fff}.btn-secondary{--bs-btn-bg:#6c757d;--bs-btn-border-color:#6c757d;--bs-btn-hover-bg:rgb(91.8, 99.45, 106.25);--bs-btn-hover-border-color:rgb(86.4, 93.6, 100);--bs-btn-focus-shadow-rgb:130,138,145;--bs-btn-active-bg:rgb(86.4, 93.6, 100);--bs-btn-active-border-color:rgb(81, 87.75, 93.75);--bs-btn-disabled-bg:#6c757d;--bs-btn-disabled-border-color:#6c757d}.btn-link{--bs-btn-font-weight:400;--bs-btn-color:var(--bs-link-color);--bs-btn-bg:transparent;--bs-btn-border-color:transparent;--bs-btn-hover-color:var(--bs-link-hover-color);--bs-btn-hover-border-color:transparent;--bs-btn-active-color:var(--bs-link-hover-color);--bs-btn-active-border-color:transparent;--bs-btn-disabled-color:#6c757d;--bs-btn-disabled-border-color:transparent;--bs-btn-box-shadow:none;--bs-btn-focus-shadow-rgb:199,87,53;text-decoration:none;background-image:none}.btn-sm{--bs-btn-padding-y:0.25rem;--bs-btn-padding-x:0.5rem;--bs-btn-font-size:0.875rem;--bs-btn-border-radius:0.25rem}.fade:not(.show){opacity:0}.collapse:not(.show){display:none}.nav{--bs-nav-link-padding-x:0.7rem;--bs-nav-link-padding-y:0.7rem;--bs-nav-link-color:var(--bs-link-color);--bs-nav-link-hover-color:var(--bs-link-hover-color);--bs-nav-link-disabled-color:#6c757d;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;padding-left:0;margin-bottom:0;list-style:none}.nav-link{display:block;padding:var(--bs-nav-link-padding-y) var(--bs-nav-link-padding-x);font-size:var(--bs-nav-link-font-size);font-weight:var(--bs-nav-link-font-weight);color:var(--bs-nav-link-color)}.nav-fill .nav-item{flex:1 1 auto;text-align:center}.nav-fill .nav-item .nav-link{width:100%}.navbar{--bs-navbar-padding-x:0;--bs-navbar-padding-y:0.5rem;--bs-navbar-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.55);--bs-navbar-hover-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7);--bs-navbar-disabled-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);--bs-navbar-active-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);--bs-navbar-brand-padding-y:0.25rem;--bs-navbar-brand-margin-end:1rem;--bs-navbar-brand-font-size:1.25rem;--bs-navbar-brand-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);--bs-navbar-brand-hover-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);--bs-navbar-nav-link-padding-x:0.5rem;--bs-navbar-toggler-padding-y:0.25rem;--bs-navbar-toggler-padding-x:0.75rem;--bs-navbar-toggler-font-size:1.25rem;--bs-navbar-toggler-icon-bg:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 30 30'%3e%3cpath stroke='rgba%280, 0, 0, 0.55%29' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-miterlimit='10' stroke-width='2' d='M4 7h22M4 15h22M4 23h22'/%3e%3c/svg%3e");--bs-navbar-toggler-border-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);--bs-navbar-toggler-border-radius:0.375rem;--bs-navbar-toggler-focus-width:0.25rem;position:relative;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;padding:var(--bs-navbar-padding-y) var(--bs-navbar-padding-x);background-image:var(--bs-gradient);font-family:Lato,sans-serif;font-weight:700}.navbar>.container,.navbar>.container-fluid{display:flex;flex-wrap:inherit;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between}.navbar-brand{padding-top:var(--bs-navbar-brand-padding-y);padding-bottom:var(--bs-navbar-brand-padding-y);margin-right:var(--bs-navbar-brand-margin-end);font-size:var(--bs-navbar-brand-font-size);color:var(--bs-navbar-brand-color);white-space:nowrap}.navbar-nav{--bs-nav-link-padding-x:0;--bs-nav-link-padding-y:0.7rem;--bs-nav-link-color:var(--bs-navbar-color);--bs-nav-link-hover-color:var(--bs-navbar-hover-color);--bs-nav-link-disabled-color:var(--bs-navbar-disabled-color);display:flex;flex-direction:column;padding-left:0;margin-bottom:0;list-style:none}.navbar-collapse{flex-basis:100%;flex-grow:1;align-items:center}.navbar-toggler{padding:var(--bs-navbar-toggler-padding-y) var(--bs-navbar-toggler-padding-x);font-size:var(--bs-navbar-toggler-font-size);line-height:1;color:var(--bs-navbar-color);background-color:transparent;border:var(--bs-border-width) solid var(--bs-navbar-toggler-border-color);border-radius:var(--bs-navbar-toggler-border-radius)}@media (min-width:576px){.navbar-expand-sm{flex-wrap:nowrap;justify-content:flex-start}.navbar-expand-sm .navbar-nav{flex-direction:row}.navbar-expand-sm .navbar-nav .nav-link{padding-right:var(--bs-navbar-nav-link-padding-x);padding-left:var(--bs-navbar-nav-link-padding-x)}.navbar-expand-sm .navbar-collapse{display:flex!important;flex-basis:auto}.navbar-expand-sm .navbar-toggler{display:none}}body:before{display:none}.navbar-dark{--bs-navbar-color:#324a98;--bs-navbar-hover-color:#4d4d4f;--bs-navbar-disabled-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25);--bs-navbar-active-color:#324a98;--bs-navbar-brand-color:#324a98;--bs-navbar-brand-hover-color:#324a98;--bs-navbar-toggler-border-color:transparent;--bs-navbar-toggler-icon-bg:none}.breadcrumb{display:flex;list-style:none;--bs-breadcrumb-padding-x:0;--bs-breadcrumb-padding-y:0.5rem;--bs-breadcrumb-margin-bottom:0;--bs-breadcrumb-font-size:0.75rem;--bs-breadcrumb-bg:transparent;--bs-breadcrumb-divider-color:#6c757d;--bs-breadcrumb-item-padding-x:0.5rem;--bs-breadcrumb-item-active-color:#6c757d;flex-wrap:wrap;padding:var(--bs-breadcrumb-padding-y) var(--bs-breadcrumb-padding-x);margin-bottom:var(--bs-breadcrumb-margin-bottom);font-size:var(--bs-breadcrumb-font-size);background-color:var(--bs-breadcrumb-bg);border-radius:var(--bs-breadcrumb-border-radius)}.breadcrumb-item+.breadcrumb-item{padding-left:var(--bs-breadcrumb-item-padding-x)}.breadcrumb-item+.breadcrumb-item::before{float:left;padding-right:var(--bs-breadcrumb-item-padding-x);color:var(--bs-breadcrumb-divider-color);content:var(--bs-breadcrumb-divider, "|")}.breadcrumb-item.active{color:var(--bs-breadcrumb-item-active-color)}.alert{--bs-alert-bg:transparent;--bs-alert-padding-x:1rem;--bs-alert-padding-y:1rem;--bs-alert-margin-bottom:1rem;--bs-alert-color:inherit;--bs-alert-border-color:transparent;--bs-alert-border:1px solid var(--bs-alert-border-color);--bs-alert-border-radius:0.375rem;position:relative;padding:var(--bs-alert-padding-y) var(--bs-alert-padding-x);margin-bottom:var(--bs-alert-margin-bottom);color:var(--bs-alert-color);background-color:var(--bs-alert-bg);border:var(--bs-alert-border);border-radius:var(--bs-alert-border-radius)}.alert-heading{color:inherit}.alert-link{font-weight:700}.alert-dismissible{padding-right:3rem}.alert-dismissible .btn-close{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;z-index:2;padding:1.25rem 1rem}.alert-primary,.alert-secondary{background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-primary{--bs-alert-color:rgb(30, 44.4, 91.2);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(214, 218.8, 234.4);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(193.5, 200.7, 224.1)}.alert-primary .alert-link{color:#182449}.alert-secondary{--bs-alert-color:rgb(64.8, 70.2, 75);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(225.6, 227.4, 229);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(210.9, 213.6, 216)}.alert-secondary .alert-link{color:#34383c}.alert-native,.alert-success,.alert-validation{--bs-alert-color:rgb(15, 81, 50.4);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(209, 231, 220.8);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(186, 219, 203.7);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-native .alert-link,.alert-success .alert-link,.alert-validation .alert-link{color:#0c4128}.alert-info,.alert-warning{background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-info{--bs-alert-color:rgb(5.2, 80.8, 96);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(206.6, 244.4, 252);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(182.4, 239.1, 250.5)}.alert-info .alert-link{color:#04414d}.alert-warning{--bs-alert-color:rgb(102, 77.2, 2.8);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(255, 242.6, 205.4);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(255, 236.4, 180.6)}.alert-warning .alert-link{color:#523e02}.alert-danger,.alert-error{--bs-alert-color:#8a0000;--bs-alert-bg:#facccc;--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(247.5, 178.5, 178.5);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-danger .alert-link,.alert-error .alert-link{color:#6e0000}.alert-light{--bs-alert-color:rgb(99.2, 99.6, 100);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(253.6, 253.8, 254);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(252.9, 253.2, 253.5);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-light .alert-link{color:#4f5050}.alert-cleanup,.alert-dark{--bs-alert-color:rgb(19.8, 22.2, 24.6);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(210.6, 211.4, 212.2);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(188.4, 189.6, 190.8);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-cleanup .alert-link,.alert-dark .alert-link{color:#101214}.alert-inverse{--bs-alert-color:#666666;--bs-alert-bg:white;--bs-alert-border-color:white}.alert-inverse .alert-link{color:#525252}.alert-inverse,.alert-navbar,.alert-navitem{background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-navbar{--bs-alert-color:rgb(87.2, 88, 88.8);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(247.6, 248, 248.4);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(243.9, 244.5, 245.1)}.alert-navbar .alert-link{color:#464647}.alert-navitem{--bs-alert-color:#666666;--bs-alert-bg:white;--bs-alert-border-color:white}.alert-navitem .alert-link{color:#525252}.alert-lightgray{--bs-alert-color:rgb(93.2, 94.4, 95.6);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(250.6, 251.2, 251.8);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(248.4, 249.3, 250.2)}.alert-lightgray .alert-link{color:#4b4c4c}.alert-color-indigo,.alert-lightgray{background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-advertising,.alert-color-indigo{--bs-alert-color:rgb(61.2, 9.6, 145.2);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(224.4, 207.2, 252.4);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(209.1, 183.3, 251.1)}.alert-color-indigo .alert-link{color:#310874}.alert-color-cyan{--bs-alert-color:rgb(5.2, 80.8, 96);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(206.6, 244.4, 252);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(182.4, 239.1, 250.5);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-color-cyan .alert-link{color:#04414d}.alert-color-blue,.alert-criticalcss{--bs-alert-color:rgb(7.8, 66, 151.8);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(206.6, 226, 254.6);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(182.4, 211.5, 254.4);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-color-blue .alert-link,.alert-criticalcss .alert-link{color:#063579}.alert-color-orange{background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-cache,.alert-color-orange{--bs-alert-color:rgb(151.8, 75.6, 12);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(254.6, 229.2, 208);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(254.4, 216.3, 184.5)}.alert-color-orange .alert-link{color:#793c0a}.alert-color-red{--bs-alert-color:rgb(132, 31.8, 41.4);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(248, 214.6, 217.8);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(244.5, 194.4, 199.2);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-color-red .alert-link{color:#6a1921}.alert-cdnjs,.alert-color-yellow{--bs-alert-color:rgb(102, 77.2, 2.8);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(255, 242.6, 205.4);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(255, 236.4, 180.6)}.alert-cdnjs .alert-link,.alert-color-yellow .alert-link{color:#523e02}.alert-cdnjs,.alert-color-teal,.alert-color-yellow{background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-color-teal,.alert-topic{--bs-alert-color:rgb(19.2, 120.6, 90.6);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(210.4, 244.2, 234.2);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(188.1, 238.8, 223.8)}.alert-color-teal .alert-link{color:#0f6048}.alert-color-green{--bs-alert-color:rgb(15, 81, 50.4);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(209, 231, 220.8);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(186, 219, 203.7);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-color-green .alert-link{color:#0c4128}.alert-cloudinary,.alert-color-pink{--bs-alert-color:rgb(128.4, 30.6, 79.2);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(246.8, 214.2, 230.4);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(242.7, 193.8, 218.1);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-cloudinary .alert-link,.alert-color-pink .alert-link{color:#67183f}.alert-color-black{--bs-alert-color:black;--bs-alert-bg:#cccccc;--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(178.5, 178.5, 178.5);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-color-black .alert-link{color:#000}.alert-color-white{--bs-alert-color:#666666;--bs-alert-bg:white;--bs-alert-border-color:white;background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-color-white .alert-link{color:#525252}.alert-color-gray{--bs-alert-color:rgb(64.8, 70.2, 75);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(225.6, 227.4, 229);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(210.9, 213.6, 216);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-color-gray .alert-link{color:#34383c}.alert-color-gray-dark{--bs-alert-color:rgb(31.2, 34.8, 38.4);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(214.4, 215.6, 216.8);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(194.1, 195.9, 197.7);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-color-gray-dark .alert-link{color:#191c1f}.alert-cache{--bs-alert-color:rgb(61.2, 9.6, 145.2);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(224.4, 207.2, 252.4);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(209.1, 183.3, 251.1);background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-cache .alert-link{color:#310874}.alert-notice{--bs-alert-color:rgb(5.2, 80.8, 96);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(206.6, 244.4, 252);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(182.4, 239.1, 250.5)}.alert-notice .alert-link{color:#04414d}.alert-advertising,.alert-notice,.alert-topic{background-image:var(--bs-gradient)}.alert-topic{--bs-alert-color:rgb(113.4, 34.2, 10.2);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(241.8, 215.4, 207.4);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(235.2, 195.6, 183.6)}.alert-topic .alert-link{color:#5b1b08}.alert-advertising{--bs-alert-color:rgb(102, 77.2, 2.8);--bs-alert-bg:rgb(255, 242.6, 205.4);--bs-alert-border-color:rgb(255, 236.4, 180.6)}.alert-advertising .alert-link{color:#523e02}.btn-close{box-sizing:content-box;width:1em;height:1em;padding:.25em;color:#000;background:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 16 16' fill='%23000'%3e%3cpath d='M.293.293a1 1 0 0 1 1.414 0L8 6.586 14.293.293a1 1 0 1 1 1.414 1.414L9.414 8l6.293 6.293a1 1 0 0 1-1.414 1.414L8 9.414l-6.293 6.293a1 1 0 0 1-1.414-1.414L6.586 8 .293 1.707a1 1 0 0 1 0-1.414z'/%3e%3c/svg%3e") center/1em auto no-repeat;border:0;border-radius:.375rem;opacity:.5}.modal{--bs-modal-zindex:1055;--bs-modal-width:500px;--bs-modal-padding:1rem;--bs-modal-margin:0.5rem;--bs-modal-bg:#fff;--bs-modal-border-color:var(--bs-border-color-translucent);--bs-modal-border-width:1px;--bs-modal-border-radius:0.5rem;--bs-modal-box-shadow:0 0.125rem 0.25rem rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);--bs-modal-inner-border-radius:calc(0.5rem - 1px);--bs-modal-header-padding-x:1rem;--bs-modal-header-padding-y:1rem;--bs-modal-header-padding:1rem 1rem;--bs-modal-header-border-color:var(--bs-border-color);--bs-modal-header-border-width:1px;--bs-modal-title-line-height:1.5;--bs-modal-footer-gap:0.5rem;--bs-modal-footer-border-color:var(--bs-border-color);--bs-modal-footer-border-width:1px;position:fixed;top:0;left:0;z-index:var(--bs-modal-zindex);display:none;width:100%;height:100%;overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:auto;outline:0}.modal-dialog{position:relative;width:auto;margin:var(--bs-modal-margin)}.modal.fade .modal-dialog{transform:translate(0,-50px)}.modal-content{position:relative;display:flex;flex-direction:column;width:100%;color:var(--bs-modal-color);background-color:var(--bs-modal-bg);background-clip:padding-box;border:var(--bs-modal-border-width) solid var(--bs-modal-border-color);border-radius:var(--bs-modal-border-radius);box-shadow:var(--bs-modal-box-shadow);outline:0}.modal-header{display:flex;flex-shrink:0;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;padding:var(--bs-modal-header-padding);border-bottom:var(--bs-modal-header-border-width) solid var(--bs-modal-header-border-color);border-top-left-radius:var(--bs-modal-inner-border-radius);border-top-right-radius:var(--bs-modal-inner-border-radius)}.modal-title{margin-bottom:0;line-height:var(--bs-modal-title-line-height)}.modal-body{position:relative;flex:1 1 auto;padding:var(--bs-modal-padding)}@media (min-width:576px){.modal{--bs-modal-margin:1.75rem;--bs-modal-box-shadow:0 0.5rem 1rem rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15)}.modal-dialog{max-width:var(--bs-modal-width);margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto}.modal-sm{--bs-modal-width:300px}}.offcanvas{--bs-offcanvas-zindex:1045;--bs-offcanvas-width:400px;--bs-offcanvas-height:30vh;--bs-offcanvas-padding-x:1rem;--bs-offcanvas-padding-y:1rem;--bs-offcanvas-bg:#fff;--bs-offcanvas-border-width:1px;--bs-offcanvas-border-color:var(--bs-border-color-translucent);--bs-offcanvas-box-shadow:0 0.125rem 0.25rem rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:var(--bs-offcanvas-zindex);display:flex;flex-direction:column;max-width:100%;color:var(--bs-offcanvas-color);visibility:hidden;background-color:var(--bs-offcanvas-bg);background-clip:padding-box;outline:0;box-shadow:var(--bs-offcanvas-box-shadow)}.offcanvas.offcanvas-start{top:0;left:0;width:var(--bs-offcanvas-width);border-right:var(--bs-offcanvas-border-width) solid var(--bs-offcanvas-border-color);transform:translateX(-100%)}.offcanvas-header{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;padding:var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-y) var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-x)}.offcanvas-header .btn-close{padding:calc(var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-y)*.5) calc(var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-x)*.5);margin-top:calc(-.5*var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-y));margin-right:calc(-.5*var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-x));margin-bottom:calc(-.5*var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-y))}.offcanvas-title{margin-bottom:0;line-height:1.5}.offcanvas-body{flex-grow:1;padding:var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-y) var(--bs-offcanvas-padding-x);overflow-y:auto}.fixed-top{position:fixed;right:0;left:0;z-index:1030;top:0}.float-start{float:left!important}.float-end{float:right!important}.d-inline-block{display:inline-block!important}.d-block{display:block!important}.d-flex{display:flex!important}.d-none{display:none!important}.position-relative{position:relative!important}.border{border:var(--bs-border-width) var(--bs-border-style) var(--bs-border-color)!important}.border-secondary{--bs-border-opacity:1;border-color:rgba(var(--bs-primary-rgb),var(--bs-border-opacity))!important;border-color:rgba(var(--bs-secondary-rgb),var(--bs-border-opacity))!important}.w-33{width:33.3333%!important}.w-50{width:50%!important}.w-75{width:75%!important}.w-100{width:100%!important}.mw-100{max-width:100%!important}.flex-nowrap{flex-wrap:nowrap!important}.align-content-center{align-content:center!important}.mx-0{margin-right:0!important;margin-left:0!important}.mx-auto{margin-right:auto!important;margin-left:auto!important}.my-0{margin-top:0!important;margin-bottom:0!important}.my-1,.navbar-side-item p{margin-top:.25rem!important;margin-bottom:.25rem!important}.my-2{margin-top:.5rem!important;margin-bottom:.5rem!important}.my-3{margin-top:1rem!important;margin-bottom:1rem!important}.mt-0{margin-top:0!important}.mt-1{margin-top:.25rem!important}.features .story .item-wrapper .feature-title h6,.mt-2{margin-top:.5rem!important}.mt-4{margin-top:1.5rem!important}.mt-5{margin-top:3rem!important}.me-1{margin-right:.25rem!important}.me-2{margin-right:.5rem!important}.me-3{margin-right:1rem!important}.me-4{margin-right:1.5rem!important}.me-auto{margin-right:auto!important}.mb-0{margin-bottom:0!important}.mb-1{margin-bottom:.25rem!important}.features .story,.mb-2{margin-bottom:.5rem!important}.mb-3{margin-bottom:1rem!important}.mb-4{margin-bottom:1.5rem!important}.mb-5{margin-bottom:3rem!important}.ms-0{margin-left:0!important}.ms-1{margin-left:.25rem!important}.ms-2{margin-left:.5rem!important}.ms-3{margin-left:1rem!important}.ms-auto{margin-left:auto!important}.p-0{padding:0!important}.px-0{padding-right:0!important;padding-left:0!important}.px-4{padding-right:1.5rem!important;padding-left:1.5rem!important}.py-0{padding-top:0!important;padding-bottom:0!important}.pt-0{padding-top:0!important}.pt-1{padding-top:.25rem!important}.pt-5{padding-top:3rem!important}.pe-0{padding-right:0!important}.pe-5{padding-right:3rem!important}.pb-1{padding-bottom:.25rem!important}.pb-2{padding-bottom:.5rem!important}.navbar-side-item p,.ps-0{padding-left:0!important}.ps-3{padding-left:1rem!important}.ps-5{padding-left:3rem!important}.features .story,.text-start{text-align:left!important}.text-center{text-align:center!important}.text-uppercase{text-transform:uppercase!important}.text-primary{--bs-text-opacity:1;color:rgba(var(--bs-primary-rgb),var(--bs-text-opacity))!important}.text-reset{--bs-text-opacity:1;color:inherit!important}.bg-inverse,.bg-navbar{--bs-bg-opacity:1;background-color:rgba(var(--bs-inverse-rgb),var(--bs-bg-opacity))!important}.bg-navbar{background-color:rgba(var(--bs-navbar-rgb),var(--bs-bg-opacity))!important}@media (min-width:576px){.d-sm-block{display:block!important}.d-sm-none{display:none!important}.features .story .item-wrapper .feature-title h6,.mt-sm-0{margin-top:0!important}.mt-sm-4{margin-top:1.5rem!important}.features .story,.mb-sm-5{margin-bottom:3rem!important}.px-sm-0{padding-right:0!important;padding-left:0!important}.ps-sm-0{padding-left:0!important}.ps-sm-2{padding-left:.5rem!important}.form-inline .form-control{max-width:100%}}@media (min-width:768px){.d-md-block{display:block!important}.d-md-flex{display:flex!important}.d-md-none{display:none!important}.mt-md-0{margin-top:0!important}.features .story .item-wrapper .feature-title h6,.mt-md-2{margin-top:.5rem!important}.features .story,.mb-md-2{margin-bottom:.5rem!important}}@media (min-width:992px){.d-lg-block{display:block!important}.d-lg-flex{display:flex!important}.d-lg-none{display:none!important}.pe-lg-2{padding-right:.5rem!important}}@media (min-width:1200px){.d-xl-block{display:block!important}}h5 a,h6 a{color:#bd3911}form{font-family:Lato,sans-serif}[role=button]{font-family:Lato,sans-serif;font-size:100%;line-height:1.15;margin:0}button{font-family:Lato,sans-serif!important}.nav-link{font-size:16px;text-transform:uppercase}.nav-bottom .nav-link{font-size:11px;height:100%;letter-spacing:.1em}.nav-bottom li{border-left:1px solid #fff}.nav-bottom li:last-child{border-right:1px solid #fff}@media (max-width:767.98px){.navbar{border-bottom:10px solid #dadcde}body{padding-top:85px}}.navbar-brand img{max-width:none;max-height:65px}.navbar-side{padding:0;list-style:none}.navbar-side a{color:#212529}.navbar-side h6{color:#bd3911;text-transform:uppercase}.navbar-side h6 a{color:#bd3911}.navbar-side hr{border-color:#495057;margin-left:1rem}.navbar-side-item{padding-left:1rem}.menu-side-sections>div li:first-of-type,.navbar-side-item p:first-of-type{margin-top:1.25rem}.navbar-side-item a{font-family:Lato,sans-serif;font-weight:700}.navbar-toggler{padding:.75rem!important}.navbar-toggler-left{position:absolute}.breadcrumb{text-transform:uppercase;font-family:Lato,sans-serif}.alert{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:smaller}.alert-heading{text-transform:uppercase;font-size:1rem;font-weight:lighter}@media (min-width:576px){.container{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}}.blur-up{filter:blur(3px)}.min-h-2{min-height:2rem}.min-h-3{min-height:3rem}html{scroll-padding-top:100px}.panel-heading h6:after{font-family:"Arial Black",Arial,sans-serif;content:"–";float:right;color:#4d4d4f;padding:0 5px;font-size:1.2rem}.panel-heading .collapsed h6:after{content:"+"}.tb-mediagroup{background-color:#fff;padding:5px 0;color:#000}.tb-mediagroup a{color:#000}.story-list a,.tb-mediagroup .panel-heading h6:after,footer nav a{color:#212529}@media (max-width:575.98px){.navbar-brand img{max-width:90%}body:before{content:"xs"}}@media (min-width:576px) and (max-width:767.98px){body:before{content:"sm"}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:991.98px){body:before{content:"md"}}@media (min-width:992px) and (max-width:1199.98px){body:before{content:"lg"}}@media (min-width:1200px) and (max-width:1399.98px){#menu-top-hubs ul{width:1140px}body:before{content:"xl"}}[class^=ad-position]{max-width:1200px}@media (min-width:1400px){#menu-top-hubs ul{width:1320px}body:before{content:"xxl"}[class^=ad-position]{max-width:1400px;margin-right:auto!important;margin-left:auto!important}}.hidden,.printmessage{display:none}#secondary-stories img{max-width:100%}.hub-overline,.section-overline{color:#bd3911}.hub-overline,.overline,.section-overline{text-transform:uppercase;width:100%}.overline{color:#324a98;margin-bottom:.5rem;font-size:.75rem}.section-overline{border-top:4px solid #bd3911;padding-top:.5rem;margin-bottom:1rem;text-align:left}@media (max-width:575.98px){.hub-overline{font-size:1.75rem}}.feature-grid img,.features .story .item-wrapper .feature-image img,.features .story .item-wrapper>div img{width:100%}.features .story .item-wrapper .feature-image{align-items:center}#ntb-tags-level-topic .grid-features{margin-bottom:1rem}.object-fit-contain{-o-object-fit:contain;object-fit:contain}#ntb-tags-index .item-wrapper{border-top:1px solid #495057;padding:1rem 1rem .75rem}#ntb-tags-index .item-wrapper:first-child{border:0;padding-top:0}.story-list h4{border-top:4px solid #bd3911;padding-top:.5rem;margin-bottom:1.25rem;color:#bd3911}.story-list h6{font-size:.75rem;text-transform:uppercase;margin-bottom:0}.story-list p{font-size:.875rem;border-bottom:1px solid #495057;padding-bottom:.5rem;line-height:1.2}.story-list p:last-of-type{border:0}.story-list img{width:80px;height:45px}.story-min-height{min-height:2.6rem}@media (max-width:991.98px){.story-min-height{min-height:1px}}.bxslider{margin:0;padding:0;min-height:250px}ul.bxslider{list-style:none}ul.bxslider li{width:175px}.followus-link{color:#495057;text-decoration:none;font-size:1.5rem}.followus-link:after{display:inline-block;padding-right:.5rem;padding-left:.5rem;content:"|"}.followus-link:last-child:after{content:""}</style> <script type="application/json" class="joomla-script-options new">{"system.paths":{"root":"","rootFull":"https:\/\/www.medicaldesignbriefs.com\/","base":"","baseFull":"https:\/\/www.medicaldesignbriefs.com\/"},"csrf.token":"cb2944027f5b9c61a0ffa0ba1d3a1592","system.keepalive":{"interval":3600000,"uri":"\/component\/ajax\/?format=json"}}</script> <script type="module"> /*! inlined from /media/system/js/joomla-hidden-mail.min.js by ntb_minifier */ /** * @copyright (C) 2019 Open Source Matters, Inc. <https://www.joomla.org> * @license GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE.txt */ window.customElements.define('joomla-hidden-mail', class extends HTMLElement { constructor() { super(); this.newElement = ''; this.base = ''; } /** * Lifecycle */ disconnectedCallback() { this.innerHTML = ''; } /** * Lifecycle */ connectedCallback() { this.base = `${this.getAttribute('base')}/`; if (this.getAttribute('is-link') === '1') { this.newElement = document.createElement('a'); this.newElement.setAttribute('href', `mailto:${this.constructor.b64DecodeUnicode(this.getAttribute('first'))}@${this.constructor.b64DecodeUnicode(this.getAttribute('last'))}`); // Get all of the original element attributes, and pass them to the link [].slice.call(this.attributes).forEach((attribute, index) => { const { nodeName } = this.attributes.item(index); if (nodeName) { // We do care for some attributes if (['is-link', 'is-email', 'first', 'last', 'text'].indexOf(nodeName) === -1) { const { nodeValue } = this.attributes.item(index); this.newElement.setAttribute(nodeName, nodeValue); } } }); } else { this.newElement = document.createElement('span'); } if (this.getAttribute('text')) { let innerStr = this.constructor.b64DecodeUnicode(this.getAttribute('text')); innerStr = innerStr.replace('src="images/', `src="${this.base}images/`).replace('src="media/', `src="${this.base}media/`); this.newElement.innerHTML = Joomla.sanitizeHtml(innerStr); } else { this.newElement.innerText = `${window.atob(this.getAttribute('first'))}@${window.atob(this.getAttribute('last'))}`; } // Remove class and style Attributes this.removeAttribute('class'); this.removeAttribute('style'); // Remove the noscript message this.innerText = ''; // Display the new element this.appendChild(this.newElement); } static b64DecodeUnicode(str) { return decodeURIComponent(Array.prototype.map.call(atob(str), c => `%${`00${c.charCodeAt(0).toString(16)}`.slice(-2)}`).join('')); } }); /* end /media/system/js/joomla-hidden-mail.min.js */ </script> <script type="module"> /*! inlined from /media/system/js/keepalive.min.js by ntb_minifier */ /** * @copyright (C) 2018 Open Source Matters, Inc. <https://www.joomla.org> * @license GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE.txt */ /** * Keepalive javascript behavior * * Used for keeping the session alive * * @package Joomla.JavaScript * @since 3.7.0 */ if (!window.Joomla) { throw new Error('Joomla API was not properly initialised'); } const keepAliveOptions = Joomla.getOptions('system.keepalive'); const keepAliveInterval = keepAliveOptions && keepAliveOptions.interval ? parseInt(keepAliveOptions.interval, 10) : 45 * 1000; let keepAliveUri = keepAliveOptions && keepAliveOptions.uri ? keepAliveOptions.uri.replace(/&/g, '&') : ''; // Fallback in case no keepalive uri was found. if (keepAliveUri === '') { const systemPaths = Joomla.getOptions('system.paths'); keepAliveUri = `${systemPaths ? `${systemPaths.root}/index.php` : window.location.pathname}?option=com_ajax&format=json`; } setInterval(() => fetch(keepAliveUri, { method: 'POST' }), keepAliveInterval); /* end /media/system/js/keepalive.min.js */ </script> <script src="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js" async tb-donotmove></script> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="MDB :: All Articles [RSS]" href="/index.php?component=com_ntb_tags&view=topic&topic_cluster=0&topic_tag=0&nav_cluster=65&nav_tag=0&format=feed&type=rss&limit=20"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="MDB [RSS]" href="/index.php?component=com_ntb_tags&view=topic&topic_cluster=&topic_tag=&nav_cluster=65&nav_tag=13&format=feed&type=rss&limit=20"> <link rel="next" href="/mdb/features/articles?start=0"> <noscript tb-donotmove> <img class="nolazyload" height="1" width="1" src="https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=228022071752970&ev=PageView&noscript=1"/> </noscript>  <script tb-donotmove>(function (w, d, s, l, i) { w[l] = w[l] || []; w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(), event: 'gtm.js'}); var f = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j = d.createElement(s), dl = l != 'dataLayer' ? '&l=' + l : ''; j.async = true; j.src = 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=' + i + dl; f.parentNode.insertBefore(j, f); })(window, document, 'script', 'dataLayer', 'GTM-MSN5FV9'); </script>  </head> <body>  <noscript tb-donotmove > <iframe src = "https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-MSN5FV9" height = "0" width = "0" style = "display:none;visibility:hidden" ></iframe > </noscript >  <header class="header"> <div class="header-container container-fluid fixed-top p-0"> <nav class="header-nav navbar navbar-expand-sm navbar-dark bg-inverse"> <div class="container-fluid"> <button class="hamburger navbar-toggler navbar-toggler-left d-sm-none d-block" type="button" data-bs-toggle="offcanvas" data-bs-target="#HamburgerSidebar" aria-controls="HamburgerSidebar"> <i class="fas fa-bars"></i> </button> <div id="hamburger-menu" class="navbar-collapse collapse d-md-block d-none"> <ul class="navbar-nav me-auto"> <li class="nav-item active"> <a class="nav-link" data-bs-toggle="offcanvas" href="#HamburgerSidebar" role="button" aria-controls="HamburgerSidebar"> <i class="fas fa-bars me-2"></i>Menu </a></li></ul></div> <a href="/" class="navbar-brand ps-sm-0 ps-5 mx-auto"> <img class="logolarge d-none d-md-block nolazyload" src="https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/q_auto,f_auto/sites/mdb/template/site-logo_tag.png" alt="Medical Design Briefs" height="65"/> <img class="logosmall d-md-none nolazyload" src="https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/q_auto,f_auto/sites/mdb/template/site-logo.png" alt="Medical Design Briefs"/> </a> <div id="newsmag-menu" class="navbar-collapse collapse"><ul class="navbar-nav ms-auto"> <li class="nav-item d-lg-block d-none"> <a class="nav-link" href="#" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#cb-form">LOGIN</a></li> <li class="nav-item d-lg-block d-none"> <a class="nav-link" href="/account/registration">SIGN UP</a></li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" id="search-side-button" data-bs-toggle="offcanvas" href="#HamburgerSidebar" role="button" aria-controls="HamburgerSidebar"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> </a></li></ul></div></div> </nav> <nav class="main-nav bg-navbar navbar navbar-expand-sm navbar-dark main-nav nav-fill py-0"> <div class="main-nav-container container mx-auto px-0"><div id="menu-top-hubs"> <ul class="nav navbar-nav nav-bottom flex-nowrap d-md-flex d-none mx-auto"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="/mdb/topic/materials-manufacturing">Materials & Manufacturing</a></li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="/mdb/topic/design-testing">Design & Testing</a></li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="/mdb/topic/sensors-wearables">Sensors & Wearables</a></li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="/mdb/topic/electronics-software">Electronics & Software</a></li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="/mdb/topic/robotics-automation">Robotics & Automation</a></li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="/mdb/topic/iomt-connectivity">IoMT & Connectivity</a></li></ul></div></div> <div aria-live="polite" aria-atomic="true" style="position: relative"> <div id="toast_container" style="position: absolute; top: 40px; right: 5px; z-index: 10"></div></div> </nav></div><div class="offcanvas offcanvas-start" tabindex="-1" id="HamburgerSidebar" aria-labelledby="HamburgerSidebarLabel"> <div class="offcanvas-header"> <h5 class="offcanvas-title" id="HamburgerSidebarLabel"></h5> <button type="button" class="btn-close text-reset" data-bs-dismiss="offcanvas" aria-label="Close"></button></div> <div class="offcanvas-body px-0 pt-0"> <div class="search-container w-100 ps-3"><form id="searchform" action="/mdb/search" method="get"> <div class="input-group pe-5"> <div class="form-floating"> <input type="text" name="query" placeholder="Search" id="searchbox" class="form-control" value=""> <label for="searchbox">Search</label></div> <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button" onclick="$('#searchform').submit()"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> </button></div></form></div> <ul class="navbar-side nav-bar"><div class="menu-side-sections row me-1"> <div class="navbar-side-item col-12"> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/">Home</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/techbriefs">Tech Briefs</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/tv/medical">Tech Briefs TV</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/webcasts">Webinars</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/webcasts/podcasts">Podcasts</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/whitepapers">White Papers</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/topic/design-testing/markets">Markets</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/features">Features</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/stories/blog">Medical Blog</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/stories">Stories</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/stories/trivia">Trivia Questions</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/events">Events</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/sponsored/ask-the-expert">Ask the Expert</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item pb-1"> <a href="/mdb/stories/quiz">Quizzes</a></li></div></div><div id="sidebar-accordion" class="navbar-side-item" role="tablist" aria-multiselectable="true"><div id="menu-side-hubs"> <hr class="ms-0 me-3 my-1"> <div class="wrapper row me-1"> <div class="hub-title navbar-side-item col-10"> <h6 class="mb-0 mt-1"> <a href="/mdb/topic/materials-manufacturing">Materials & Manufacturing</a></h6></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-1446" class="hub-toggle navbar-side-item panel-heading col-2" role="tab"> <button class="btn btn-link btn-sm collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#menu-side-hub-collapse-1446" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="menu-side-hub-collapse-1446"> <h6 class="mb-0"></h6> </button></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-collapse-1446" class="collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="menu-side-hub-1446"> <div class="topic-menu-wrapper col-12"> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/materials-manufacturing/manufacturing-prototyping">Manufacturing & Prototyping</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/materials-manufacturing/custom-contract-manufacturing">Custom & Contract Manufacturing</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/materials-manufacturing/materials-adhesives-coatings">Materials, Adhesives & Coatings</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/materials-manufacturing/tubing-extrusion">Tubing/Extrusion</a></p></div></div></div> <hr class="ms-0 me-3 my-1"> <div class="wrapper row me-1"> <div class="hub-title navbar-side-item col-10"> <h6 class="mb-0 mt-1"> <a href="/mdb/topic/design-testing">Design & Testing</a></h6></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-1447" class="hub-toggle navbar-side-item panel-heading col-2" role="tab"> <button class="btn btn-link btn-sm collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#menu-side-hub-collapse-1447" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="menu-side-hub-collapse-1447"> <h6 class="mb-0"></h6> </button></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-collapse-1447" class="collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="menu-side-hub-1447"> <div class="topic-menu-wrapper col-12"> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/design-testing/testing">Testing</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/design-testing/design-engineering">Design/Engineering</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/design-testing/packaging-sterilization">Packaging/Sterilization</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/design-testing/fda-regulatory">FDA/Regulatory</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/design-testing/markets">Markets</a></p></div></div></div> <hr class="ms-0 me-3 my-1"> <div class="wrapper row me-1"> <div class="hub-title navbar-side-item col-10"> <h6 class="mb-0 mt-1"> <a href="/mdb/topic/sensors-wearables">Sensors & Wearables</a></h6></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-1448" class="hub-toggle navbar-side-item panel-heading col-2" role="tab"> <button class="btn btn-link btn-sm collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#menu-side-hub-collapse-1448" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="menu-side-hub-collapse-1448"> <h6 class="mb-0"></h6> </button></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-collapse-1448" class="collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="menu-side-hub-1448"> <div class="topic-menu-wrapper col-12"> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/sensors-wearables/sensors">Sensors</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/sensors-wearables/wearables">Wearables</a></p></div></div></div> <hr class="ms-0 me-3 my-1"> <div class="wrapper row me-1"> <div class="hub-title navbar-side-item col-10"> <h6 class="mb-0 mt-1"> <a href="/mdb/topic/electronics-software">Electronics & Software</a></h6></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-1533" class="hub-toggle navbar-side-item panel-heading col-2" role="tab"> <button class="btn btn-link btn-sm collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#menu-side-hub-collapse-1533" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="menu-side-hub-collapse-1533"> <h6 class="mb-0"></h6> </button></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-collapse-1533" class="collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="menu-side-hub-1533"> <div class="topic-menu-wrapper col-12"> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/electronics-software/electronics">Electronics</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/electronics-software/software">Software</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/electronics-software/optics-photonics">Optics/Photonics</a></p></div></div></div> <hr class="ms-0 me-3 my-1"> <div class="wrapper row me-1"> <div class="hub-title navbar-side-item col-10"> <h6 class="mb-0 mt-1"> <a href="/mdb/topic/robotics-automation">Robotics & Automation</a></h6></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-1449" class="hub-toggle navbar-side-item panel-heading col-2" role="tab"> <button class="btn btn-link btn-sm collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#menu-side-hub-collapse-1449" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="menu-side-hub-collapse-1449"> <h6 class="mb-0"></h6> </button></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-collapse-1449" class="collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="menu-side-hub-1449"> <div class="topic-menu-wrapper col-12"> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/robotics-automation/robotics">Robotics</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/robotics-automation/automation-controls">Automation & Controls</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/robotics-automation/mechanical-components">Mechanical Components</a></p></div></div></div> <hr class="ms-0 me-3 my-1"> <div class="wrapper row me-1"> <div class="hub-title navbar-side-item col-10"> <h6 class="mb-0 mt-1"> <a href="/mdb/topic/iomt-connectivity">IoMT & Connectivity</a></h6></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-1451" class="hub-toggle navbar-side-item panel-heading col-2" role="tab"> <button class="btn btn-link btn-sm collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#menu-side-hub-collapse-1451" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="menu-side-hub-collapse-1451"> <h6 class="mb-0"></h6> </button></div> <div id="menu-side-hub-collapse-1451" class="collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="menu-side-hub-1451"> <div class="topic-menu-wrapper col-12"> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/iomt-connectivity/iomt-iot">IoMT/IoT</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/iomt-connectivity/connectivity">Connectivity</a></p> <p class="navbar-side-item ms-3"><a href="/mdb/topic/iomt-connectivity/ar-ai">AR/AI</a></p></div></div></div></div><div class="menu-side-explore row mt-2 me-1 tb-mediagroup"> <div class="explore-title col-10 navbar-side-item"> <h6 class="my-2">Explore SAE Media Group</h6></div> <div id="explore-heading" class="col-2 navbar-side-item panel-heading" role="tab"> <button class="btn btn-link btn-sm collapsed mt-1" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#explore-collapse" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="explore-collapse"> <h6 class="mb-0"></h6> </button></div> <div id="explore-collapse" class="collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="explore-heading"> <div class="explore-wrapper col-12"> <li class="navbar-side-item"><a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/">Tech Briefs</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item"><a href="https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/">Mobility Engineering Technology</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item"><a href="https://createthefuturecontest.com">Create the Future Design Contest</a></li> <li class="navbar-side-item"><a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/tb/spinoff">NASA Spinoffs</a></li></div></div></div><div class="col-12 px-0"> <li class="me-3"> <p><a href="/component/content/article/52067-doc-9517" class="side-link w-75"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_400,f_auto,q_auto/v1730735058/sites/mdb/covers/MDB-2024-11.jpg' class='w-50 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Magazine cover' /></a></p> <p><a href="/component/content/article/52067-doc-9517" class="side-link text-uppercase">Current Issue</a></p></li> <li> <p><a href="/mdb/magazine/archives" class="side-link text-uppercase">Magazine Archives</a></p></li> <li> <p> <a href="https://tbm.dragonforms.com/loading.do?omedasite=MDBland" target="_km"> <button class="btn btn-primary btn-sm"> SUBSCRIBE <i class="fas fa-angle-right"></i> </button> </a></p></li></div><div class="menu-side-followus mb-5"> <hr class="ms-0 me-4 my-1"> <div class="followus-wrapper my-3"> <div class="title-wrapper"> <h6 class="mb-0">FOLLOW US</h6></div> <div class="menu-wrapper"> <p class="text-primary"> <a class="followus-link" href="https://www.shareaholic.com/v2/follow/?apikey=522f4331bb8588162f964362d440d767&service_nickname=facebook&username=MedicalDesignBriefs" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-facebook"></i></a> <a class="followus-link" href="https://www.shareaholic.com/v2/follow/?apikey=522f4331bb8588162f964362d440d767&service_nickname=twitter&username=MedicalBriefs" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-square-x-twitter"></i></a> <a class="followus-link" href="https://www.shareaholic.com/v2/follow/?apikey=522f4331bb8588162f964362d440d767&service_nickname=linkedin_company&username=sae-media-group" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-linkedin"></i></a> <a class="followus-link" href="https://www.shareaholic.com/v2/follow/?apikey=522f4331bb8588162f964362d440d767&service_nickname=instagram&username=mdbmagazine" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-instagram"></i></a></p></div></div></div></div></ul></div></div></header> <section id="print-only-message" class="printmessage"> <h6><img data-src="https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/q_auto,f_auto/sites/mdb/template/print-logo_tag.png" class="printlogo lazyload"/></h6> </section> <span itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"> <meta itemprop="name" content="SAE Media Group"/> <meta itemprop="url" content="https://www.techbriefsmediagroup.com"/> <span itemprop="logo" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"> <meta itemprop="url" content="https://www.techbriefsmediagroup.com/templates/tbmg/images/tbmg_logo.png"/> <meta itemprop="width" content="210"/> <meta itemprop="height" content="50"/> </span> </span><div class="container"><nav aria-label="breadcrumb"> <ol itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/BreadcrumbList" class="breadcrumb"> <li class="breadcrumb-item" itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ListItem"> <a itemprop="item" href="/"><span itemprop="name">Home</span></a> <meta itemprop="position" content="1"></li> <li class="breadcrumb-item" itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ListItem"> <a itemprop="item" href="/mdb/features"><span itemprop="name">Features</span></a> <meta itemprop="position" content="2"></li> <li class="breadcrumb-item active" aria-current="page"> <span> Articles</span></li></ol> </nav><div id="system-message-container"></div><div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['xs','sm','md','lg','xl','xxl'],slot_ad_unit:'medicaldesignbriefs.com_1800x450',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/medicaldesignbriefs.com_1800x450',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid',[1800,450]],div_id:'GAM_pos_11_modid_389',target_pos:'11',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_11_modid_389' class=""></div></div></div><div id="ntb-tags-level-topic"><div class="marquee row px-0"> <div class="col"> <h6 class="hub-overline"> Features</h6> <h1 class="hub-overline d-inline-block mb-0"> Articles</h1></div> <div class="w-100 mt-2"></div> <div class="sponsor-box col-3 pt-1"><div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['xs','sm','md','lg','xl','xxl'],slot_ad_unit:'medicaldesignbriefs.com_200x75',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/medicaldesignbriefs.com_200x75',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid',[200,75]],div_id:'GAM_pos_10_modid_427',target_pos:'10',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_10_modid_427' class=""></div></div></div></div></div><section id="secondary-stories" class="mw-100"> <div class="grid-features row"> <div class="left-column col-lg-8 col-md-7"> <div class="feature-grid"><div class="features row"><div class="story text-start col-md-6 mb-md-2 mb-sm-5 mb-2"> <div class="item-wrapper row"> <div class="feature-image text-center col-md-12 col-sm-5 col-12"><a class="feature_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51984-optimizing-biopharma-workflows-integrating-ai-to-enhance-research-and-discovery?m=1645"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_500/v1731076034/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51984/mdb-1124-p21_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='500' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div> <div class="feature-title col-md-12 col-sm-7 col-12"> <h6 class="overline mt-md-2 mt-sm-0 mt-2"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Medical</h6> <h5><a class="feature_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51984-optimizing-biopharma-workflows-integrating-ai-to-enhance-research-and-discovery?m=1645">Optimizing Biopharma Workflows: Integrating AI to Enhance Research and Discovery </a></h5></div></div></div><div class="story text-start col-md-6 mb-md-2 mb-sm-5 mb-2"> <div class="item-wrapper row"> <div class="feature-image text-center col-md-12 col-sm-5 col-12"><a class="feature_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51985-medevice-silicon-valley-an-md-m-event?m=1645"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_500/v1731076365/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51985/mdb-1124-p23_fig4_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='500' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div> <div class="feature-title col-md-12 col-sm-7 col-12"> <h6 class="overline mt-md-2 mt-sm-0 mt-2"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Connectivity</h6> <h5><a class="feature_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51985-medevice-silicon-valley-an-md-m-event?m=1645">MEDevice Silicon Valley, an MD&M Event</a></h5></div></div></div><div class="story text-start col-md-6 mb-md-2 mb-sm-5 mb-2"> <div class="item-wrapper row"> <div class="feature-image text-center col-md-12 col-sm-5 col-12"><a class="feature_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51983-how-to-design-reliable-low-power-wearable-medicine-injectors?m=1645"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_500/v1731075479/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51983/mdb-1124-p16_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='500' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div> <div class="feature-title col-md-12 col-sm-7 col-12"> <h6 class="overline mt-md-2 mt-sm-0 mt-2"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Wearables</h6> <h5><a class="feature_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51983-how-to-design-reliable-low-power-wearable-medicine-injectors?m=1645">How to Design Reliable, Low-Power Wearable Medicine Injectors </a></h5></div></div></div><div class="story text-start col-md-6 mb-md-2 mb-sm-5 mb-2"> <div class="item-wrapper row"> <div class="feature-image text-center col-md-12 col-sm-5 col-12"><a class="feature_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51685-transdermal-technology-designing-the-worlds-first-seven-day-patch-for-alzheimers?m=1645"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_500/v1728088591/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51685/mdb-1024-p10_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='500' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div> <div class="feature-title col-md-12 col-sm-7 col-12"> <h6 class="overline mt-md-2 mt-sm-0 mt-2"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Wearables</h6> <h5><a class="feature_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51685-transdermal-technology-designing-the-worlds-first-seven-day-patch-for-alzheimers?m=1645">Transdermal Technology: Designing the World’s First Seven-Day Patch for Alzheimer’s</a></h5></div></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="right-column col-lg-4 col-md-5 d-md-block d-none"><div class="story-list row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12"> <h4 class="section-overline">Top Stories</h4><div class="top-stories-box story-list"> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none position-relative" style="width:80px"> <a href="/component/content/article/51871-making-bandages-from-artificial-spider-silk"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1730200825/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51871/20241023_medical_design_story1_feature_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-eye me-1"></i> INSIDER: Medical</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="topstories_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51871-making-bandages-from-artificial-spider-silk" alt="Making Bandages from Artificial Spider Silk"> Making Bandages from Artificial Spider Silk</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none position-relative" style="width:80px"> <a href="/component/content/article/52020-implantable-device-prevents-death-from-opioid-overdose"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1730928396/sites/mdb/features-16x9/52020/20241107_medical_design_story1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-eye me-1"></i> INSIDER: Medical</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="topstories_module_link" href="/component/content/article/52020-implantable-device-prevents-death-from-opioid-overdose" alt="Implantable Device Prevents Death from Opioid Overdose"> Implantable Device Prevents Death from Opioid Overdose</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none position-relative" style="width:80px"> <a href="/component/content/article/51952-an-inside-look-at-designing-drug-delivery-pumps"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1730568792/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51952/103024_mdb_podcast_adobe_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-podcast me-1"></i> Podcasts: Medical</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="topstories_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51952-an-inside-look-at-designing-drug-delivery-pumps" alt="An Inside Look at Designing Drug-Delivery Pumps"> An Inside Look at Designing Drug-Delivery Pumps</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none position-relative" style="width:80px"> <a href="/component/content/article/51702-noninvasive-method-first-to-continually-measure-true-blood-pressure"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1728094566/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51702/mdb-1024-p48_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-balance-scale me-1"></i> Briefs: Wearables</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="topstories_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51702-noninvasive-method-first-to-continually-measure-true-blood-pressure" alt="Noninvasive Method First to Continually Measure True Blood Pressure"> Noninvasive Method First to Continually Measure True Blood Pressure</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none position-relative" style="width:80px"> <a href="/component/content/article/51853-emerging-trends-in-drug-delivery"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1729273236/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51853/102224-mdb-podcast_trends_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-podcast me-1"></i> Podcasts: Design</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="topstories_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51853-emerging-trends-in-drug-delivery" alt="Emerging Trends in Drug Delivery"> Emerging Trends in Drug Delivery</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none position-relative" style="width:80px"> <a href="/component/content/article/51852-pens-and-autoinjectors-as-drug-delivery-options"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1729272913/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51852/101824-mdb-podcast_pen_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-podcast me-1"></i> Podcasts: Medical</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="topstories_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51852-pens-and-autoinjectors-as-drug-delivery-options" alt="Pens and Autoinjectors as Drug-Delivery Options"> Pens and Autoinjectors as Drug-Delivery Options</a></p></div></div></div></div></div> </section> <section id="sponsored-content"> <div class="mid-sponsor" id="mid-sponsor"><div class="ntb-bxslider row mb-0"> <div class="col-12"> <h4 class="section-overline">White Papers</h4></div> <div class="bxs-default hidden text-center d-sm-block col-1 pt-5 d-none"> <h3><span id="bxs-default-prev"></span></h3></div> <div id="bxs-default" class="bxs-default hidden align-content-center col-sm-10 px-sm-0 col-12 px-4 my-0"> <ul class="bxslider"> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/51624-doc-9477" alt="Design Considerations for EMI Shielding in Medical Applications"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1726937607/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/Avnet-TE_EMI-Shielding-Design-Considerations.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Medical</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/51624-doc-9477" alt="Design Considerations for EMI Shielding in Medical Applications">Design Considerations for EMI Shielding in...</a></h6></li> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/49173-doc-9143" alt="Motor Calculations for Coreless Brush DC Motors"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1695898617/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/Faulhaber_Motor-Calculations-for-Coreless-Brush-DC-Motors.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Motion Control</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/49173-doc-9143" alt="Motor Calculations for Coreless Brush DC Motors">Motor Calculations for Coreless Brush DC Motors</a></h6></li> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/51146-doc-9397" alt="eBook: Top Adhesives for Medical Device Applications"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1721747661/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/Master-Bond_Top-Adhesives-for-Medical-Device-Applications.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Medical</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/51146-doc-9397" alt="eBook: Top Adhesives for Medical Device Applications">eBook: Top Adhesives for Medical Device...</a></h6></li> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/50088-doc-9249" alt="Reusable Advices For Reusable Medical Devices eBook"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1707840351/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/Nelson-Labs_Reusable-Advices-for-Reusable-Medical-Devices.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Medical</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/50088-doc-9249" alt="Reusable Advices For Reusable Medical Devices eBook">Reusable Advices For Reusable Medical Devices...</a></h6></li> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/45689-doc-8680" alt="Demystifying Ball Spline Specs"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1650913615/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/NB-Corporation_Demystifying-Ball-Spline-Specs.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Motion Control</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/45689-doc-8680" alt="Demystifying Ball Spline Specs">Demystifying Ball Spline Specs</a></h6></li> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/50961-doc-9371" alt="5 Key Considerations to Achieve a Superior Medical Connector Design"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1718448929/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/Ametek-EMC_5 Key-Considerations-to-Achieve-a-Superior-Medical-Connector-Design.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Medical</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/50961-doc-9371" alt="5 Key Considerations to Achieve a Superior Medical Connector Design">5 Key Considerations to Achieve a Superior...</a></h6></li> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/51075-doc-9389" alt="Beyond Science Fiction: Realizing the Potential of Robotic-Assisted Surgery"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1720286445/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/Kontron_Beyond-Science-Fiction.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Medical</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/51075-doc-9389" alt="Beyond Science Fiction: Realizing the Potential of Robotic-Assisted Surgery">Beyond Science Fiction: Realizing the Potential...</a></h6></li> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/50769-doc-9353" alt="Holistic Approach Shortens Cycle Times for Orthopedic Implants"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1716829145/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/GF-Machining_Manufacturing-of-Femoral-Knee-Implants.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Manufacturing & Prototyping</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/50769-doc-9353" alt="Holistic Approach Shortens Cycle Times for Orthopedic Implants">Holistic Approach Shortens Cycle Times for...</a></h6></li> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/50185-doc-9246" alt="Manufacturing Transfers for Medtech Innovators Part 4: Matching Technical Expertise in Equipment and Software Applications"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1708992709/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/Flexan_Manufacturing-Transfers-for-Medtech-Innovators-Part4.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Manufacturing & Prototyping</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/50185-doc-9246" alt="Manufacturing Transfers for Medtech Innovators Part 4: Matching Technical Expertise in Equipment and Software Applications">Manufacturing Transfers for Medtech Innovators...</a></h6></li> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/51154-doc-9399" alt="Get the Inside Story on Implantable Medical Devices"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1722092733/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/Eurofins_Inside-Story-on-Implantable-Medical-Devices.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Medical</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/51154-doc-9399" alt="Get the Inside Story on Implantable Medical Devices">Get the Inside Story on Implantable Medical...</a></h6></li> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/52072-doc-9518" alt="The Role of Single Board Computers in Advancing Medical Technology"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1732038854/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/Kontron_The-Role-of-Single-Board-Computers.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Electronics & Computers</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/52072-doc-9518" alt="The Role of Single Board Computers in Advancing Medical Technology">The Role of Single Board Computers in Advancing...</a></h6></li> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/39161-doc-8168" alt="OEM Peristaltic Pump Solutions for Engineers"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1647156785/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/Watson-Marlow_OEM-Peristaltic-Pump-Solutions-for-Engineers.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Mechanical & Fluid Systems</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/39161-doc-8168" alt="OEM Peristaltic Pump Solutions for Engineers">OEM Peristaltic Pump Solutions for Engineers</a></h6></li> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/50938-doc-9366" alt="A Faster Route to Custom-Design Molecular Diagnostic Instruments"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1717953567/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/Tecan_A-Faster-Route-to-Custom-Design-Molecular-Diagnostic-Instruments.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Robotics, Automation & Control</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/50938-doc-9366" alt="A Faster Route to Custom-Design Molecular Diagnostic Instruments">A Faster Route to Custom-Design Molecular...</a></h6></li> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/49563-doc-9183" alt="How to Select the Proper Pin for Your Application"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1701453155/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/Spirol_How-to-Select-the-Proper-Pin-for-Your-Application.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Automotive</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/49563-doc-9183" alt="How to Select the Proper Pin for Your Application">How to Select the Proper Pin for Your Application</a></h6></li> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/50184-doc-9254" alt="Manufacturing Transfers for Medtech Innovators Part 3: Making a Move"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1708992030/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/Flexan_Manufacturing-Transfers-for-Medtech-Innovators-Part3.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Manufacturing & Prototyping</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/50184-doc-9254" alt="Manufacturing Transfers for Medtech Innovators Part 3: Making a Move">Manufacturing Transfers for Medtech Innovators...</a></h6></li> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/52007-doc-9509" alt="Mitigating Risks in Medical Device Manufacturing"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1730881931/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/Aerotech_Mitigating-Risks-in-Medical-Device-Manufacturing.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Medical</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/52007-doc-9509" alt="Mitigating Risks in Medical Device Manufacturing">Mitigating Risks in Medical Device Manufacturing</a></h6></li> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/51901-doc-9503" alt="10 Things You Should Do Before You Validate Your Next Package"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1730259620/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/DDL_10-Things-You-Should-Do-Before-You-Validate-Your-Next-Package.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Test & Measurement</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/51901-doc-9503" alt="10 Things You Should Do Before You Validate Your Next Package">10 Things You Should Do Before You Validate Your...</a></h6></li> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/49912-doc-9225" alt="Understanding Standard Conditions In Flow Measurement"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1705733733/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/OKeefe_Understanding-Standard-Conditions-In-Flow-Measurement.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Medical</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/49912-doc-9225" alt="Understanding Standard Conditions In Flow Measurement">Understanding Standard Conditions In Flow...</a></h6></li> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/51972-doc-9505" alt="How to Improve Machine Performance with Multi-Axis Motion System Error Budgeting"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1730466400/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/Aerotech_How-to-Improve-Machine-Performance-with-Multi-Axis-Motion-System-Error-Budgeting.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Manufacturing & Prototyping</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/51972-doc-9505" alt="How to Improve Machine Performance with Multi-Axis Motion System Error Budgeting">How to Improve Machine Performance with...</a></h6></li> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/47347-doc-8891" alt="Producing a Superior Roller Guide"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1672318841/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/NB-Corporation_Producing-a-Superior-Roller-Guide.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Robotics, Automation & Control</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/47347-doc-8891" alt="Producing a Superior Roller Guide">Producing a Superior Roller Guide</a></h6></li> <li> <a class="w-100 d-block whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/48005-doc-8969" alt="Drive Systems for Medical and Laboratory Equipment"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/c_scale,w_200,f_auto,q_auto/v1725731176/sites/tb/whitepaper-covers/Faulhaber_Drive-Systems-for-Medical-and-Laboratory-Equipment-2024.jpg' class='border border-secondary lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Document cover' /></a> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Medical</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a class="whitepaper_carousel_link" href="/component/content/article/48005-doc-8969" alt="Drive Systems for Medical and Laboratory Equipment">Drive Systems for Medical and Laboratory Equipment</a></h6></li></ul></div> <div class="bxs-default hidden text-center d-sm-block col-1 pt-5 d-none"> <h3><span id="bxs-default-next"></span></h3></div></div><div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['xs','sm','md','lg','xl','xxl'],slot_ad_unit:'medicaldesignbriefs.com_1200x150',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/medicaldesignbriefs.com_1200x150',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid',[1200,150]],div_id:'GAM_pos_12_modid_419',target_pos:'12',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_12_modid_419' class=""></div></div></div></div> </section> <section id="secondary-stories" class="mw-100"> <div class="lower-stories row mt-sm-4 mt-0"> <div class="left-column col-lg-8 col-md-7 col-12"> <div class="section-header"> <div> <h4 class="section-overline mb-4">Latest Articles</h4></div></div><div class="item-list"><div id="ntb-tags-index"> <div id="topic-cluster-id" class="d-none"></div> <div id="topic-tag-id" class="d-none"></div> <div id="nav-cluster-id" class="d-none">65</div> <div id="nav-tag-id" class="d-none">13</div> <div id="show-future" class="d-none">-1</div> <div id="page-start" class="d-none">0</div> <div id="page-limit" class="d-none">30</div> <div ><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Medical</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51686-medical-imaging-trends-shaping-diagnostic-advancements?m=1645">Medical Imaging: Trends Shaping Diagnostic Advancements</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_51686" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> This article explores key modalities like ultrasound, MRI, OCT, x-ray, CT, and PET, as well as several emerging trends that are driving performance improvements. Read on to learn more.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_51686" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51686-medical-imaging-trends-shaping-diagnostic-advancements?m=1645"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1728088518/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51686/mdb-1024-p14_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Manufacturing & Prototyping</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51690-md-m-minneapolis-an-md-m-event-october-16-17-2024?m=1645">MD&M Minneapolis, an MD&M Event </a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_51690" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> MD&M Minneapolis is the sourcing home for hundreds of different types of suppliers. From medical device components to medical packaging, it has everything, and more, under one roof. Read on to learn more about the region’s most comprehensive medical design and manufacturing event — MD&M Minneapolis — part of Advanced Manufacturing Minneapolis.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_51690" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51690-md-m-minneapolis-an-md-m-event-october-16-17-2024?m=1645"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1728089451/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51690/mdb-1024-p26_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Medical</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51707-personalized-medicine-the-role-of-nanosensors-in-disease-detection?m=1645">Personalized Medicine: The Role of Nanosensors in Disease Detection</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_51707" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> Nanosensors are transforming the field of disease detection by offering unprecedented sensitivity, precision, and speed in identifying biomarkers associated with various health conditions. These tiny sensors, often built at the molecular or atomic scale, can detect minute changes in biological samples. Read on to learn more about nanosensors.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_51707" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51707-personalized-medicine-the-role-of-nanosensors-in-disease-detection?m=1645"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1728083266/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51707/mdb-1024-p6_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Medical</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51687-trailblazing-innovators-meet-the-rising-stars-redefining-leadership-in-medtech?m=1645">Trailblazing Innovators: Meet the Rising Stars Redefining Leadership in Medtech</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_51687" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> The inaugural Women in Engineering: Rising Star Awards program has shone a much-deserved spotlight on extraordinary women who are not only advancing the field of medical engineering but also setting new standards for leadership and innovation. Read on to learn more about the award winners.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_51687" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51687-trailblazing-innovators-meet-the-rising-stars-redefining-leadership-in-medtech?m=1645"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1728097384/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51687/mdb-1024-p19_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Design</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51688-medical-rising-star-awards-winner-2024-asha-parekh?m=1645">Medical Rising Star Award Winner 2024: Asha Parekh</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_51688" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> Dr. Asha Parekh, CEO and Co-Founder, Front Line Medical Technologies from Ontario, Canada, is the 2024 Rising Star Award Winner for Medical.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_51688" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51688-medical-rising-star-awards-winner-2024-asha-parekh?m=1645"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1728088834/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51688/mdb-1024-p20_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Medical</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51689-medical-rising-star-awards-winner-oonagh-hassett?m=1645">Medical Rising Star Award Winner 2024: Oonagh Hassett</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_51689" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> Oonagh Hassett, Program Manager, Symphysis Medical from Galway, Ireland, is the 2024 Rising Star Award Winner for Medical.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_51689" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51689-medical-rising-star-awards-winner-oonagh-hassett?m=1645"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1728089120/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51689/mdb-1024-p22_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Green Design & Manufacturing</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51477-inside-the-oem-becton-dickinson-bd?m=1645">Inside the OEM: Becton Dickinson (BD)</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_51477" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> Becton Dickinson (BD), a global leader in medical technology for many years, is strategically positioned to drive innovation, operational excellence, and sustainable growth. Read on to learn more about BD.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_51477" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51477-inside-the-oem-becton-dickinson-bd?m=1645"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1725759967/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51477/mdb-0924-p12_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Medical</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51478-how-precision-motion-components-enable-successful-robotic-surgery-outcomes?m=1645">How Precision Motion Components Enable Successful Robotic Surgery Outcomes </a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_51478" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> Mitigating robotic surgery risks often comes down to the precision and performance of your motion components. That’s why it’s important to work with a motion component manufacturer that is known for quality products with these attributes. Read on to learn more.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_51478" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51478-how-precision-motion-components-enable-successful-robotic-surgery-outcomes?m=1645"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1725759911/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51478/mdb-0924-p14_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Electronics & Computers</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51479-why-standardization-matters-in-pulsed-electric-field-generation-for-clinical-electroporation?m=1645">Why Standardization Matters in Pulsed Electric Field Generation for Clinical Electroporation </a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_51479" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> Pulsed field ablation is a nonthermal method of tissue ablation technology that uses high amplitude pulsed electrical fields to create irreversible electroporation in tissues. Read on to learn more about it.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_51479" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51479-why-standardization-matters-in-pulsed-electric-field-generation-for-clinical-electroporation?m=1645"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1725765350/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51479/mdb-0924-p18_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Connectivity</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51480-how-quantum-computing-will-impact-healthcare-data-encryption?m=1645">How Quantum Computing Will Impact Healthcare Data Encryption </a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_51480" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> Quantum computing is still in its infancy, but recent AI trends prove it doesn’t take long for new technology to disrupt an industry. Read on to learn more about quantum computing and its potential impact.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_51480" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51480-how-quantum-computing-will-impact-healthcare-data-encryption?m=1645"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1725765512/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51480/mdb-0924-p22_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Medical</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51481-mdb-0924-p26?m=1645">MEDevice Boston, an MD&M Event</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_51481" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> MEDevice — formerly BIOMEDevice — is a meeting place for engineers and business leaders from medtech, biotech, and pharma, to inspire and collaborate on the next life-changing medical device. Read on to learn more about the event.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_51481" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51481-mdb-0924-p26?m=1645"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1725765576/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51481/mdb-0924-p26_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Medical</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51283-enabling-cdmo-success-through-intelligent-testing-capabilities?m=1645">Enabling CDMO Success Through Intelligent Testing Capabilities</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_51283" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> While mechanical testing may play a small role in the total scope of CDMO competencies, a poorly equipped solution can result in significant issues with time management, data integrity, and root cause analysis. Investing in highly capable testing systems should be considered a long-term investment and serve to showcase a commitment to quality for potential clients. Read on to learn more.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_51283" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51283-enabling-cdmo-success-through-intelligent-testing-capabilities?m=1645"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1723283179/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51283/mdb-0824-p5-fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Imaging</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51293-therapeutic-ultrasound-contactless-drug-delivery-and-treatment-enabled-by-piezo-transducers?m=1645">Therapeutic Ultrasound: Contactless Drug Delivery and Treatment Enabled by Piezo Transducers</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_51293" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> Therapeutic ultrasound opens up numerous new fields of application for the treatment of neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, or cancer diseases. Read on to learn how.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_51293" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51293-therapeutic-ultrasound-contactless-drug-delivery-and-treatment-enabled-by-piezo-transducers?m=1645"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1726995508/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51293/mdb-0824-p9-fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Green Design & Manufacturing</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51294-packaging-and-processing-life-sciences-industry-strives-to-become-more-sustainable?m=1645">Packaging and Processing: Life Sciences Industry Strives to Become More Sustainable</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_51294" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> The pharmaceutical industry’s pivot toward sustainability reflects a broader movement in global business practices where environmental responsibility is not just a choice but a business imperative. Read on to learn more.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_51294" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51294-packaging-and-processing-life-sciences-industry-strives-to-become-more-sustainable?m=1645"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1723287493/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51294/mdb-0824-p14-fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Wearables</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51295-how-advanced-drug-delivery-systems-are-improving-healthcare?m=1645">How Advanced Drug-Delivery Systems Are Improving Healthcare</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_51295" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> Innovative reusable drug-delivery devices are transforming the administration of high-dose biologics by enabling self-administration of challenging drug formulations. These devices support high viscosity and larger injection volumes, enhancing patient comfort and adherence. Read on to learn more.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_51295" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51295-how-advanced-drug-delivery-systems-are-improving-healthcare?m=1645"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1723597273/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51295/mdb-0824-p16-fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Medical</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51030-the-future-of-healthcare-exploring-the-impact-of-telemedicine-and-remote-monitoring-devices?m=1645">The Future of Healthcare: Exploring the Impact of Telemedicine and Remote Monitoring Devices</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_51030" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> Keeping an eye on emerging trends and innovations in telemedicine and remote monitoring allows manufacturers to stay ahead of the curve and develop products that align with future healthcare needs, such as devices for early cancer detection. Read on to learn more.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_51030" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51030-the-future-of-healthcare-exploring-the-impact-of-telemedicine-and-remote-monitoring-devices?m=1645"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1719659892/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51030/mdb-0724-p10_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Robotics, Automation & Control</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51031-how-medical-robotics-is-transforming-healthcare?m=1645">How Medical Robotics Is Transforming Healthcare </a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_51031" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> In this Q&A, Graysen Vigneux, medical analyst at GlobalData, explores how AI and machine learning are playing crucial roles in enhancing the precision and safety of these devices, enabling remote surgeries, and providing real-time assistance during operations.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_51031" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51031-how-medical-robotics-is-transforming-healthcare?m=1645"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1719662617/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51031/mdb-0724-p14_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Medical</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51032-why-frameless-motors-are-at-the-forefront-of-the-surgical-robotic-revolution?m=1645">Why Frameless Motors Are at the Forefront of the Surgical Robotic Revolution </a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_51032" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> With the never-ending advancement in surgical robotics, it is important to recognize the difficult balance between improving performance, commercial value, integration, and compatibility challenges. Read on to learn more.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_51032" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51032-why-frameless-motors-are-at-the-forefront-of-the-surgical-robotic-revolution?m=1645"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1719662746/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51032/mdb-0724-p18_fig1r_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Motion Control</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51033-linear-motion-design-considerations-for-medical-device-oems?m=1645">Linear Motion Design Considerations for Medical Device OEMs</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_51033" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> Medical device designers must consider several factors when selecting the appropriate technologies and evaluating their development partners. Read on to learn what these factors are and more.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_51033" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/51033-linear-motion-design-considerations-for-medical-device-oems?m=1645"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1719662800/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51033/mdb-0724-p22_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['xs','sm'],slot_ad_unit:'medicaldesignbriefs.com_450x450_300x300',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/medicaldesignbriefs.com_450x450_300x300',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid',[450,450],[300,300]],div_id:'GAM_pos_22_modid_421',target_pos:'22',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_22_modid_421' class=""></div></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Medical</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/50905-a-miniaturized-robotic-assisted-surgery-system?m=1645">A Miniaturized Robotic-Assisted Surgery System</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_50905" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> The goal of Virtual Incision is to offer a way for facilities to add systems and improve their efficiency without disrupting their existing infrastructure. To do this, the company designed and manufactured MIRA, the world’s first miniaturized RAS platform that aims to be easily transported and set up in any operating room.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_50905" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/50905-a-miniaturized-robotic-assisted-surgery-system?m=1645"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1718170294/sites/mdb/features-16x9/50905/mdb-0624-p14_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Medical</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/50918-how-inflation-is-driving-onshoring-and-what-that-means-to-device-manufacturers?m=1645">How Inflation Is Driving Onshoring (and What That Means to Device Manufacturers)</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_50918" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> The global economy is changing, and for the first time in more than half a century, economic reality is bringing manufacturing back to the United States. Global inflation, coupled with vulnerabilities in the supply chain exposed by the pandemic, makes manufacturing in the United States cheaper and less risky.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_50918" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/50918-how-inflation-is-driving-onshoring-and-what-that-means-to-device-manufacturers?m=1645"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1718171185/sites/mdb/features-16x9/50918/mdb-0624-p32_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Manufacturing & Prototyping</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/50921-pharma-manufacturing-unlocking-the-power-of-data-through-advanced-tracking-and-analysis?m=1645">Pharma Manufacturing Unlocking the Power of Data Through Advanced Tracking and Analysis</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_50921" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> Industry innovation is helping pharmaceutical manufacturers gain key insights into their products and processes by enabling them to effectively interpret data from every test given, even at mass volumes.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_50921" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/50921-pharma-manufacturing-unlocking-the-power-of-data-through-advanced-tracking-and-analysis?m=1645"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1718165883/sites/mdb/features-16x9/50921/mdb-0624-p8_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Medical</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/50685-robot-driven-orthopedics-manufacturing?m=1645">Robot-Driven Orthopedics Manufacturing</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_50685" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> By embracing advanced robotic machine-tending automation, SpiTrex unlocked new levels of precision, capacity, utilization, and profitability. The successful deployment of robot-driven manufacturing with autonomous process control using Flexxbotics marks a transformative milestone for SpiTrex Orthopedics’ smart factory operations.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_50685" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/50685-robot-driven-orthopedics-manufacturing?m=1645"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1715168904/sites/mdb/features-16x9/50685/mdb-0524-p6-fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Manufacturing & Prototyping</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/50686-optimizing-fluid-micro-dispensing-for-assembly-of-life-critical-medical-components?m=1645">Optimizing Fluid Micro-Dispensing for Assembly of Life-Critical Medical Components</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_50686" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> This article examines how one medical manufacturer upgraded its assembly process of life-critical components from manual fluid dispensing to more efficient automated dispensing.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_50686" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/50686-optimizing-fluid-micro-dispensing-for-assembly-of-life-critical-medical-components?m=1645"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1717711669/sites/mdb/features-16x9/50686/mdb-0524-p12-fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Medical</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/50687-programmable-mixed-signal-devices-in-medical-applications?m=1645">Programmable Mixed-Signal Devices in Medical Applications</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_50687" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> This article delves into the character istics of both GreenPAK and AnalogPAK (by Renesas), focusing on their individual capabilities and the embedded resources that can be fully leveraged for medical device design.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_50687" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/50687-programmable-mixed-signal-devices-in-medical-applications?m=1645"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1715176977/sites/mdb/features-16x9/50687/mdb-0524-p16-fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Wearables</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/50450-integrating-smart-technology-into-wearable-device-design?m=1645">Integrating Smart Technology into Wearable Device Design </a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_50450" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> With the combined benefit of the unique components and the component manufacturers’ assistance, electronics designers can achieve their objective of developing a well-protected, efficient, wearable medical device. The end result is a much more reliable and robust product for the customers.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_50450" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/50450-integrating-smart-technology-into-wearable-device-design?m=1645"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1712451483/sites/mdb/features-16x9/50450/mdb-0424-p12_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Robotics, Automation & Control</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/50468-inside-the-oem-zimmer-biomet?m=1645">Inside the OEM: Zimmer Biomet</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_50468" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> Zimmer Biomet is making significant investments in innovation across all stages of the ambulatory surgery center process, including before, during, and after surgery. This investment aims to improve efficiency, outcomes, and safety for patients undergoing procedures at ambulatory surgery centers.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_50468" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/50468-inside-the-oem-zimmer-biomet?m=1645"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1712093086/sites/mdb/features-16x9/50468/mdb-0424-p6_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Medical</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/50198-what-is-pulsed-field-ablation-and-why-is-it-taking-over-electrophysiology?m=1645">What Is Pulsed Field Ablation and Why Is It Taking Over Electrophysiology? </a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_50198" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> This article discusses the electrophysiology clinical applications for PFA, the rationale for pursuing PFA over other technologies, other clinical areas that are likely to be impacted by this technology in the future, and the challenges with designing PFA systems.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_50198" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/50198-what-is-pulsed-field-ablation-and-why-is-it-taking-over-electrophysiology?m=1645"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1709432635/sites/mdb/features-16x9/50198/mdb-0324-p12_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div><div class="item-wrapper row mx-0 px-0"> <div class="col-12 px-0"> <h6 class="overline"> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-glasses me-1"></i> Features: Design</h6></div> <div class="col-xl-8 px-0 col-lg-7 col-12"> <div class="row mx-0"> <div class="col-12 ps-0 pe-lg-2 pe-0"> <h5><a class="feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/50199-precision-and-personalized-medicine-the-role-of-phenotypes?m=1645">Precision and Personalized Medicine: The Role of Phenotypes</a></h5></div> <div class="ps-0 pe-lg-2 col-12 pe-0"> <div id="f1_50199" class="float-end pb-2 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-5 ps-sm-2 d-lg-none d-flex px-0"></div> Phenotyping allows for a deeper understanding of an individual’s unique characteristics, contributing to more effective and targeted medical interventions.</div></div></div> <div id="f2_50199" class="col-xl-4 pe-0 col-lg-5 d-lg-flex d-none"> <a class="w-100 feed_item_link" href="/component/content/article/50199-precision-and-personalized-medicine-the-role-of-phenotypes?m=1645"><img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_400/v1709433000/sites/mdb/features-16x9/50199/mdb-0324-p16_fig1_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='object-fit-contain w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='400' alt='Feature Image' /></a></div></div></div></div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12 mt-4"> <a href="/mdb/features/articles?start=0"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary "> MORE STORIES<span class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-angle-right ms-2"></span> </button> </a></div></div></div></div> <div class="right-column col-lg-4 col-md-5 col-12 mt-md-0 mt-4"><div class="row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12"> <h4 class="section-overline">Ask the Expert</h4> <div class="ntb-asktheexpert"> <h6>John Chandler on Achieving Quality Motion Control</h6> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_3:4,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1605127074/sites/mdb/articles/2020/sponsored/asktheexpert/john_chandler.jpg' class='float-start w-33 me-2 mb-1 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /><p>FAULHABER MICROMO brings together the highest quality motion technologies and value-added services, together with global engineering, sourcing, and manufacturing, to deliver top quality micro motion solutions. With 34 years’ experience, John Chandler injects a key engineering perspective into all new projects and enjoys working closely with OEM customers to bring exciting new technologies to market.</p> <a href="/component/content/article/38040-ask-the-expert-john-chandler-on-achieving-quality-motion-control"> <button class="btn btn-primary text-uppercase"> Read More  <i class="fas fa-angle-right"></i> </button> </a></div></div></div> <div class="story-list row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12"> <h4 class="section-overline">Webcasts</h4><div class="webinars-box story-list"> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none" style="width:80px"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1728721385/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51616/enedo-a-guide-to-selecting-power-supplies_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-bullhorn me-1"></i> Upcoming Webinars: Electronics & Computers</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="webinar_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51616-a-guide-to-selecting-power-supplies-for-medical-equipment"> A Guide to Selecting Power Supplies for Medical Equipment</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none" style="width:80px"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1730288828/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51806/cpc-benefits-of-streamlining_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-bullhorn me-1"></i> On-Demand Webinars: Materials</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="webinar_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51806-benefits-of-streamlining-fluid-connections-in-medical-applications"> Benefits of Streamlining Fluid Connections in Medical Applications</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none" style="width:80px"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1729692857/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51665/shutterstock_649070965_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-bullhorn me-1"></i> On-Demand Webinars: Materials</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="webinar_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51665-the-power-of-the-wear-study-in-medical-device-development"> The Power of the Wear Study in Medical Device Development</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none" style="width:80px"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1730568792/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51952/103024_mdb_podcast_adobe_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-podcast me-1"></i> Podcasts: Medical</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="webinar_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51952-an-inside-look-at-designing-drug-delivery-pumps"> An Inside Look at Designing Drug-Delivery Pumps</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none" style="width:80px"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1729664250/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51868/cpc-benefits-of-streamlining_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-bullhorn me-1"></i> On-Demand Webinars: Wearables</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="webinar_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51868-addressing-connectivity-and-performance-in-connected-care-iot-devices"> Addressing Connectivity and Performance in Connected Care IoT Devices</a></p> <h6 class="overline"> <div class="float-end d-xl-block ms-1 d-none" style="width:80px"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_16:9,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_100/v1729273236/sites/mdb/features-16x9/51853/102224-mdb-podcast_trends_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='100' height='45' alt='Feature Image' /></div> <i class="fa-duotone fa-solid fa-podcast me-1"></i> Podcasts: Design</h6> <p class="story-min-height mt-1"> <a class="webinar_module_link" href="/component/content/article/51853-emerging-trends-in-drug-delivery"> Emerging Trends in Drug Delivery</a></p></div></div></div> <div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['md','lg','xl','xxl'],slot_ad_unit:'medicaldesignbriefs.com_450x450_300x300',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/medicaldesignbriefs.com_450x450_300x300',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid',[450,450],[300,300]],div_id:'GAM_pos_21_modid_404',target_pos:'21',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_21_modid_404' class=""></div></div></div><div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['md','lg','xl','xxl'],slot_ad_unit:'medicaldesignbriefs.com_450x450_300x300',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/medicaldesignbriefs.com_450x450_300x300',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid',[450,450],[300,300]],div_id:'GAM_pos_22_modid_398',target_pos:'22',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_22_modid_398' class=""></div></div></div> <div class="row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12"> <h4 class="section-overline">Inside Story</h4> <div class="ntb-asktheexpert"> <h6>Inside Story: Establishing Safe EO Residual Levels for Medical Devices</h6> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_3:4,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1705772502/sites/mdb/articles/2023/features/MDB-0123-insidestory-fig1.jpg' class='float-start w-33 me-2 mb-1 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /><p>To find out more about the expertise required to establish safe EO Residual levels for medical devices, Medical Design Briefs recently spoke with Leonard Harris, Manager, Chemistry and Container Testing for Eurofins Medical Device Testing (Lancaster, PA).</p> <a href="/component/content/article/49693-inside-story-mdb-0123"> <button class="btn btn-primary text-uppercase"> Read More  <i class="fas fa-angle-right"></i> </button> </a></div></div></div> <div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['xs','sm','md','lg','xl','xxl'],slot_ad_unit:'medicaldesignbriefs.com_300x150_125x125_234x60',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/medicaldesignbriefs.com_300x150_125x125_234x60',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid',[300,150],[125,125],[234,60]],div_id:'GAM_pos_31_modid_400',target_pos:'31',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_31_modid_400' class=""></div></div></div> <div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['md','lg','xl','xxl'],slot_ad_unit:'medicaldesignbriefs.com_450x450_300x300',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/medicaldesignbriefs.com_450x450_300x300',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid',[450,450],[300,300]],div_id:'GAM_pos_23_modid_402',target_pos:'23',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_23_modid_402' class=""></div></div></div></div></div> </section></div> <div class="row mt-5"></div><div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['xs','sm','md','lg','xl','xxl'],slot_ad_unit:'medicaldesignbriefs.com_1200x150',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/medicaldesignbriefs.com_1200x150',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid',[1200,150]],div_id:'GAM_pos_13_modid_403',target_pos:'13',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_13_modid_403' class=""></div></div></div><div class="ntb-bxslider row mb-0"> <div class="col-12"> <h4 class="section-overline">Videos</h4></div> <div class="bxs-tbtvrelated hidden text-center d-sm-block col-1 pt-5 d-none"> <h3><span id="bxs-tbtvrelated-prev"></span></h3></div> <div id="bxs-tbtvrelated" class="bxs-tbtvrelated hidden align-content-center col-sm-10 px-sm-0 col-12 px-4 my-0"> <ul class="bxslider"> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51907-autonomous-robot-monitors-hard-to-reach-crops"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1730222406/sites/tb/features-16x9/51907/corn-monitoring-robot_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Robotics, Automation & Control</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51907-autonomous-robot-monitors-hard-to-reach-crops">Autonomous Robot Monitors Hard-to-Reach Crops</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/47099-nanosilica-filled-uv-curable-adhesive-system"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1684347748/sites/tb/features-16x9/47099/master-bond-uv22_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Materials</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/47099-nanosilica-filled-uv-curable-adhesive-system">Nanosilica Filled UV Curable Adhesive System</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51105-omniseal-solutions-space-satellite-application-rulon-r-ptfe-bushings-in-solar-panel-arrays"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1721241114/sites/tb/features-16x9/51105/omniseal-space-satellite-application_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Aerospace</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51105-omniseal-solutions-space-satellite-application-rulon-r-ptfe-bushings-in-solar-panel-arrays">Omniseal Solutions' Space Satellite Application:...</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/49321-device-s-informed-touch-can-tell-you-where-to-go"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1697474986/sites/tb/features-16x9/49321/smart-fabrics-informed-touch_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Medical</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/49321-device-s-informed-touch-can-tell-you-where-to-go">Device's Informed Touch Can Tell You Where to Go</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/48597-bel-fuse-electric-vehicle-ev-fuses"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1689620447/sites/tb/features-16x9/48597/heilind-bel-fuse-ev_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Electronics & Computers</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/48597-bel-fuse-electric-vehicle-ev-fuses">Bel Fuse Electric Vehicle (EV) Fuses</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/49880-see-an-irai-system-in-action"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1705085434/sites/tb/features-16x9/49880/tracking-radiation-treatment_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Medical</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/49880-see-an-irai-system-in-action">See an iRAI System in Action</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/50032-a-new-battery-tech-for-long-duration-energy-storage"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1707161836/sites/tb/features-16x9/50032/innovative-flow-batteries_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Energy</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/50032-a-new-battery-tech-for-long-duration-energy-storage">A New Battery Tech for Long-Duration Energy...</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/48842-everything-you-ever-wanted-to-know-about-microelectronic-devices"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1692650558/sites/tb/features-16x9/48842/microelectronics_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Electronics & Computers</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/48842-everything-you-ever-wanted-to-know-about-microelectronic-devices">Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About...</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/50500-advantageous-artificial-muscles-drive-robots"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1712247921/sites/tb/features-16x9/50500/untethered-artificial-fish_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Robotics, Automation & Control</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/50500-advantageous-artificial-muscles-drive-robots">Advantageous Artificial Muscles Drive Robots</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/49925-a-picking-robot-for-a-greenhouse"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1706114213/sites/tb/features-16x9/49925/greenhouse-robot_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Robotics, Automation & Control</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/49925-a-picking-robot-for-a-greenhouse">A Picking Robot for a Greenhouse</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/50950-autonomous-x3-racing-drones-robotic-dogs"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1718121821/sites/tb/features-16x9/50950/autonomous-racing-cars_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Unmanned Systems</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/50950-autonomous-x3-racing-drones-robotic-dogs">Autonomous X3: Racing, Drones, Robotic Dogs</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51340-prototyping-a-pavilion"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1723658140/sites/tb/features-16x9/51340/3d-printed-building-techniques_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Manufacturing & Prototyping</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51340-prototyping-a-pavilion">Prototyping a Pavilion</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51512-inside-look-at-keystone-electronics"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1726461395/sites/tb/features-16x9/51512/keystone-corporate-video_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Electronics & Computers</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51512-inside-look-at-keystone-electronics">Inside Look at Keystone Electronics</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/50899-alleviating-range-anxiety"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1718554625/sites/tb/features-16x9/50899/fastest-ev-charge_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Power</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/50899-alleviating-range-anxiety">Alleviating Range Anxiety</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51515-keystone-cylindrical-battery-holders"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1725551585/sites/tb/features-16x9/51515/keystone-battery-clips_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Electronics & Computers</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51515-keystone-cylindrical-battery-holders">Cylindrical Battery Holders</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/52078-potion-can-reduce-aircraft-fuel-consumption"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1732038188/sites/tb/features-16x9/52078/potion_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Defense</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/52078-potion-can-reduce-aircraft-fuel-consumption">POTION Can Reduce Aircraft Fuel Consumption</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/49531-revolutionizing-lithium-production"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1700070178/sites/tb/features-16x9/49531/revolutionizing-lithium-production_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Energy</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/49531-revolutionizing-lithium-production">Revolutionizing Lithium Production</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51838-introducing-kontrons-new-kbox-r-series"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1729027919/sites/tb/features-16x9/51838/kbox-r-101_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Defense</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51838-introducing-kontrons-new-kbox-r-series">Introducing Kontron's New KBox R Series</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/50316-charging-into-the-future-with-ev-battery-testing"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1710663420/sites/tb/features-16x9/50316/tuv-charging-into-the-future_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Power</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/50316-charging-into-the-future-with-ev-battery-testing">Charging into the Future with EV Battery Testing</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/50346-loctite-ablestik-nca-01uv-henkels-revolutionary-solution-for-automotive-cameras"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1711399463/sites/tb/features-16x9/50346/henkel-revolutionary_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Unmanned Systems</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/50346-loctite-ablestik-nca-01uv-henkels-revolutionary-solution-for-automotive-cameras">LOCTITE ABLESTIK NCA 01UV: Henkel’s...</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/48843-flexible-breadboard-flexboard-interaction-prototyping-on-curved-and-deformable-objects"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1692690845/sites/tb/features-16x9/48843/flexboard_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Electronics & Computers</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/48843-flexible-breadboard-flexboard-interaction-prototyping-on-curved-and-deformable-objects">Flexible + Breadboard = FlexBoard: Interaction...</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51237-swappable-modular-propulsion-for-small-satellites"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1722873620/sites/tb/features-16x9/51237/afrl-explores-swappable-modular-propulsion_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Aerospace</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51237-swappable-modular-propulsion-for-small-satellites">Swappable Modular Propulsion for Small Satellites</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/49835-nature-inspires-robust-bicontinuous-materials"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1704391958/sites/tb/features-16x9/49835/birds-inspire-materials_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Materials</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/49835-nature-inspires-robust-bicontinuous-materials">Nature Inspires Robust Bicontinuous Materials</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51287-self-driving-cars-explained"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1723053272/sites/tb/features-16x9/51287/self-driving-cars-are-they-safe_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Unmanned Systems</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/51287-self-driving-cars-explained">Self-Driving Cars, Explained</a></h6></div></li> <li style="width:175px"> <a class="w-100" href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/50074-a-crash-test-the-likes-of-which-you-have-never-seen"> <img src='https://res.cloudinary.com/tbmg/ar_4:3,c_thumb,g_auto:subject,f_auto,q_auto/c_limit,w_200/v1707417803/sites/tb/features-16x9/50074/ev-crash-test_primary-feature-item.jpg' class='w-100 lazyload blur-up' width='200' alt='Feature Image' /></a> <div class="topic-title"> <h6 class="topic overline mt-2 mb-0 min-h-2"> Automotive</h6> <h6 class="title mt-0 min-h-3"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/50074-a-crash-test-the-likes-of-which-you-have-never-seen">A Crash Test the Likes of Which You Have Never...</a></h6></div></li></ul></div> <div class="bxs-tbtvrelated hidden text-center d-sm-block col-1 pt-5 d-none"> <h3><span id="bxs-tbtvrelated-next"></span></h3></div></div><div class="ad-position g-0 row mb-3 "> <div class="col-12 align-content-center mx-auto"> <script tb-donotmove>window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items=window.ntb_google_ad_manager_items||[];ntb_google_ad_manager_items.push({display_sizes:['xs','sm','md','lg','xl','xxl'],slot_ad_unit:'medicaldesignbriefs.com_1200x150',slot_code:'21835072403',slot:'/21835072403/medicaldesignbriefs.com_1200x150',slot_ad_sizes:['fluid',[1200,150]],div_id:'GAM_pos_14_modid_420',target_pos:'14',size_mapping:[],slot_ad_empty:'default'});</script> <div id='GAM_pos_14_modid_420' class=""></div></div></div><footer><hr class="border-top border-primary"> <nav id="footernav" class="sans-serif"> <div class="footer-bottom row"> <div class="left-column col-md-4 col-sm-6 col-12"><div class="menu-footer-bottom"> <p class="my-2"> <a href="/about">About</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a href="https://www.techbriefs.com/">Tech Briefs</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a href="https://www.mobilityengineeringtech.com/">Mobility Engineering Technology</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a href="https://status.saemediagroup.com/">Service Status</a></p></div><div id="cb-form" class="modal fade" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="exampleModalLabel" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-sm mt-5" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h5 class="modal-title" id="exampleModalLabel">Sign In</h5> <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"> <span aria-hidden="true">×</span> </button></div> <div class="modal-body"> <form action="https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/account/login" method="post" id="login-form" class="form-inline cbLoginForm" data-bs-target="#cb-form"> <input type="hidden" name="option" value="com_comprofiler"/> <input type="hidden" name="view" value="login"/> <input type="hidden" name="op2" value="login"/> <input type="hidden" name="return" value="B:aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubWVkaWNhbGRlc2lnbmJyaWVmcy5jb20vbWRiL2ZlYXR1cmVzL2FydGljbGVz"/> <input type="hidden" name="message" value="0"/> <input type="hidden" name="loginfrom" value="loginmodule"/> <input type="hidden" name="cb2944027f5b9c61a0ffa0ba1d3a1592" value="1" /> <div class="form-floating mb-3 w-100"> <input name="username" type="text" class="form-control col-8" id="inputUserName" placeholder="Username"> <label for="inputUserName">Username or Email</label></div> <div class="form-floating mb-3 w-100"> <input name="passwd" type="password" class="form-control col-8" id="inputPassword" placeholder="Password"> <label for="inputPassword">Password</label></div> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary col-12 mb-3">Submit <i class="fas fa-sign-in ms-2"></i></button> <a href="https://www.medicaldesignbriefs.com/account/forgot-login" class="col-12"> <i class="fas fa-unlock-alt me-2"></i> Forgot Login? </a> <div class="posttext cb_template cb_template_default"> <p><i>By submitting your personal information, you agree that SAE Media Group and carefully selected industry sponsors of this content may contact you and that you have read and agree to the <a href="/privacy">Privacy Policy</a>. </i></p> <p><i>You may reach us at <a href="mailto:privacy@saemediagroup.com">privacy@saemediagroup.com</a>. </i></p> <p><i>You may unsubscribe at any time.</i></p></div></form></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="mid-column col-sm-3 col-12"><div class="menu-footer-bottom"> <p class="my-2"> <a href="/mdb/subscription-services">Subscriber Services</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a href="/mdb/feedback">Feedback</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a href="https://www.techbriefsmediagroup.com/company-directory">Contact Us</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a href="/mdb/sitemap">Site Map</a></p></div></div> <div class="right-column col-sm-3 col-12"><div class="menu-footer-bottom"> <p class="my-2"> <a href="https://www.techbriefsmediagroup.com">Advertise</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a href="/privacy">Privacy Policy</a></p> <p class="my-2"> <a href="/cookie-usage-statement">Cookie Usage</a></p></div><p class="menu-footer-followus my-2"> <a class="followus-link" href="https://www.shareaholic.com/v2/follow/?apikey=522f4331bb8588162f964362d440d767&service_nickname=facebook&username=MedicalDesignBriefs" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-facebook"></i></a> <a class="followus-link" href="https://www.shareaholic.com/v2/follow/?apikey=522f4331bb8588162f964362d440d767&service_nickname=twitter&username=MedicalBriefs" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-square-x-twitter"></i></a> <a class="followus-link" href="https://www.shareaholic.com/v2/follow/?apikey=522f4331bb8588162f964362d440d767&service_nickname=linkedin_company&username=sae-media-group" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-linkedin"></i></a> <a class="followus-link" href="https://www.shareaholic.com/v2/follow/?apikey=522f4331bb8588162f964362d440d767&service_nickname=instagram&username=mdbmagazine" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><i class="fa-brands fa-instagram"></i></a></p></div></div> </nav> <div class="row mb-5"> <div class="copyright col-12"> <p class="font-italic small">© 2009-2024 SAE Media Group</p></div></div> </footer></div><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/cloudinary-core/2.13.1/cloudinary-core-shrinkwrap.min.js" tb-donotmove crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-stp48jOOmT4TXnB4bMJ0rlcR7XagE92cqr7pEb+oFQox6qNSyKiN31GajDsg5VVn+HgM5mhOZinSRXowsRmgPg=="></script><script src="https://kit.fontawesome.com/e04325f501.js" tb-donotmove async crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/masonry/4.2.2/masonry.pkgd.min.js" tb-donotmove async crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-JRlcvSZAXT8+5SQQAvklXGJuxXTouyq8oIMaYERZQasB8SBDHZaUbeASsJWpk0UUrf89DP3/aefPPrlMR1h1yQ=="></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lazysizes/5.3.2/lazysizes.min.js" tb-donotmove async crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-q583ppKrCRc7N5O0n2nzUiJ+suUv7Et1JGels4bXOaMFQcamPk9HjdUknZuuFjBNs7tsMuadge5k9RzdmO+1GQ=="></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.7.1/jquery.min.js" tb-donotmove crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-v2CJ7UaYy4JwqLDIrZUI/4hqeoQieOmAZNXBeQyjo21dadnwR+8ZaIJVT8EE2iyI61OV8e6M8PP2/4hpQINQ/g=="></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bootstrap/5.2.3/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" tb-donotmove crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-i9cEfJwUwViEPFKdC1enz4ZRGBj8YQo6QByFTF92YXHi7waCqyexvRD75S5NVTsSiTv7rKWqG9Y5eFxmRsOn0A=="></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bootstrap-select/1.14.0-beta3/js/bootstrap-select.min.js" defer tb-donotmove crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-yrOmjPdp8qH8hgLfWpSFhC/+R9Cj9USL8uJxYIveJZGAiedxyIxwNw4RsLDlcjNlIRR4kkHaDHSmNHAkxFTmgg=="></script><script type="text/javascript" tb-donotmove> $(function () { var cl = cloudinary.Cloudinary.new({ cloud_name: "tbmg" }); cl.config({ defaultBreakpoints: [100,200,400,500,800,1000,1200], responsive_use_breakpoints: true, }); cl.responsive(); }); var match_md_max = window.matchMedia("(max-width: 991px)"); $(function () { var tooltipTriggerList = [].slice.call(document.querySelectorAll('[data-bs-toggle="tooltip"]')) var tooltipList = tooltipTriggerList.map(function (tooltipTriggerEl) { return new bootstrap.Tooltip(tooltipTriggerEl) }) }); </script> <link rel="preload" href="https://cdn.shareaholic.net/assets/pub/shareaholic.js" as="script"/> <meta name="shareaholic:site_id" content="522f4331bb8588162f964362d440d767"/> <script data-cfasync="false" async src="https://cdn.shareaholic.net/assets/pub/shareaholic.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" tb-donotmove> $(function () { // olytics 3.0 window.olytics || (window.olytics = []), window.olytics.methods = ["fire", "confirm"], window.olytics.factory = function (i) { return function () { var t = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments); return t.unshift(i), window.olytics.push(t), window.olytics } }; for (var i = 0; i < window.olytics.methods.length; i++) { var method = window.olytics.methods[i]; window.olytics[method] = window.olytics.factory(method) } olytics.load = function (i) { if (!document.getElementById("olyticsImport")) { window.a = window.olytics; var t = document.createElement("script"); t.async = !0, t.id = "olyticsImport", t.type = "text/javascript"; var o = ""; void 0 !== i && void 0 !== i.oid && (o = i.oid), t.setAttribute("data-oid", o), t.src = "https://olytics.omeda.com/olytics/js/v3/p/olytics.min.js", t.addEventListener("load", function (t) { for (olytics.initialize({Olytics: i}); window.a.length > 0;) { var o = window.a.shift(), s = o.shift(); olytics[s] && olytics[s].apply(olytics, o) } }, !1); var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(t, s) } }, olytics.load({oid: "c1d61b8c10b7440fb3c59fe5b6424a6b"}); }); </script><noscript> <img height="1" width="1" style="display:none;" alt="" src="https://px.ads.linkedin.com/collect/?pid=3077140&fmt=gif" class="nolazyload"/> </noscript>  <script src="https://static.medicaldesignbriefs.com/media/system/js/core.min.js?37ffe4186289eba9c5df81bea44080aff77b9684"></script> <script src="https://static.medicaldesignbriefs.com/media/vendor/webcomponentsjs/js/webcomponents-bundle.min.js?2.8.0" nomodule defer></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bxslider/4.2.17/jquery.bxslider.min.js" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-LaBO0tZh1+6Ebk+EnHt/WsGM0UnmkCXfQ1rfhGmpa5MXUdslNuSSELBRcteHKz4k4ny+Op10Ax2fPoTNq+VcUg=="></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/templates/mdb_2018/css/template.min.css?t=1732180729" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-nff3aWZDIDxg0tWNzmHpVJBIYzeNKxD4MoBEEkbkMiS5E+xdfuInyttVoJSbSWn5clseSEQrzufa8Bl8rXvN9A=="/> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lazysizes/5.3.2/plugins/print/ls.print.min.js" defer crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-tY3D/iSWSdQE2NSLW/mRWQd/bvHAGjyCLRwSd23sqNbbgVnUaah2t+ZpX7hdBOskZ7PqYvwe4E+qxNARGojJGQ=="></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/limonte-sweetalert2/11.14.5/sweetalert2.all.min.js" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-m4zOGknNg3h+mK09EizkXi9Nf7B3zwsN9ow+YkYIPZoA6iX2vSzLezg4FnW0Q6Z1CPaJdwgUFQ3WSAUC4E/5Hg=="></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bootstrap-select/1.14.0-beta3/css/bootstrap-select.min.css" media="print" onload="this.media='all'" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" integrity="sha512-g2SduJKxa4Lbn3GW+Q7rNz+pKP9AWMR++Ta8fgwsZRCUsawjPvF/BxSMkGS61VsR9yinGoEgrHPGPn2mrj8+4w=="/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://olytics.omeda.com/olytics/css/v3/p/olytics.css" media="print" onload="this.media='all'"/>  <script> var GAM_breakpoint=window.getComputedStyle(document.querySelector('body'),':before').getPropertyValue('content').replace(/"/g,'');window.googletag=window.googletag||{cmd:[]};googletag.cmd.push(function(){googletag.pubads().setTargeting('sitepage',['MDB/Articles']).setTargeting('site',["MDB"]).setTargeting('menu_route',["mdb\/features\/articles"]).setTargeting('menu_topics',[""]).setTargeting('menu_tags',[""]);googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest();googletag.pubads().collapseEmptyDivs();googletag.pubads().setCentering(true);googletag.pubads().setForceSafeFrame(false);googletag.enableServices();});$(function(){function ntb_google_ad_manager_build(item){item_div=$('#'+item.div_id);if(item.display_sizes.includes(GAM_breakpoint)){googletag.cmd.push(function(){var item=this;var item_div=$('#'+item.div_id);size_mapping=[];if(item.size_mapping.length){size_mapping=googletag.sizeMapping();item.size_mapping.forEach(function(size_map){size_mapping.addSize(size_map.view,size_map.map);});size_mapping.build();} var targetSlot=googletag.defineSlot(item.slot,item.slot_ad_sizes,item.div_id).setTargeting('pos',[item.target_pos]).defineSizeMapping(size_mapping);if(item.slot_ad_empty==='default'){targetSlot=targetSlot.setCollapseEmptyDiv(true);} if(item.slot_ad_empty==='collapse'){targetSlot=targetSlot.setCollapseEmptyDiv(true,true);} if(item.slot_ad_empty==='expand'){targetSlot=targetSlot.setCollapseEmptyDiv(false);} targetSlot.addService(googletag.pubads());googletag.pubads().addEventListener('slotRenderEnded',function(event){if(event.slot===targetSlot&&event.isEmpty){item_div.parents('.ad-position').addClass('d-none');googletag.destroySlots(event.slot);}});googletag.enableServices();}.bind(item));} else{item_div.parents('.ad-position').addClass('d-none');}} function ntb_google_ad_manager_display(item){if(item.display_all||item.display_sizes.includes(GAM_breakpoint)){googletag.cmd.push(function(){item=this;googletag.display(item.div_id);}.bind(item));}} for(let i=0;i<ntb_google_ad_manager_items.length;i++){ntb_google_ad_manager_build(ntb_google_ad_manager_items[i]);} for(let i=0;i<ntb_google_ad_manager_items.length;i++){ntb_google_ad_manager_display(ntb_google_ad_manager_items[i]);}}); /*! inlined from /media/system/js/keepalive-es5.min.js by ntb_minifier */ (function(){'use strict';if(!window.Joomla){throw new Error('Joomla API was not properly initialised');} var keepAliveOptions=Joomla.getOptions('system.keepalive');var keepAliveInterval=keepAliveOptions&&keepAliveOptions.interval?parseInt(keepAliveOptions.interval,10):45*1000;var keepAliveUri=keepAliveOptions&&keepAliveOptions.uri?keepAliveOptions.uri.replace(/&/g,'&'):'';if(keepAliveUri===''){var systemPaths=Joomla.getOptions('system.paths');keepAliveUri=(systemPaths?systemPaths.root+"/index.php":window.location.pathname)+"?option=com_ajax&format=json";} setInterval(function(){return fetch(keepAliveUri,{method:'POST'});},keepAliveInterval);})(); /*! inlined from /media/system/js/joomla-hidden-mail-es5.min.js by ntb_minifier */ (function(){'use strict';function _inheritsLoose(subClass,superClass){subClass.prototype=Object.create(superClass.prototype);subClass.prototype.constructor=subClass;_setPrototypeOf(subClass,superClass);} function _getPrototypeOf(o){_getPrototypeOf=Object.setPrototypeOf?Object.getPrototypeOf.bind():function _getPrototypeOf(o){return o.__proto__||Object.getPrototypeOf(o);};return _getPrototypeOf(o);} function _setPrototypeOf(o,p){_setPrototypeOf=Object.setPrototypeOf?Object.setPrototypeOf.bind():function _setPrototypeOf(o,p){o.__proto__=p;return o;};return _setPrototypeOf(o,p);} function _isNativeReflectConstruct(){if(typeof Reflect==="undefined"||!Reflect.construct)return false;if(Reflect.construct.sham)return false;if(typeof Proxy==="function")return true;try{Boolean.prototype.valueOf.call(Reflect.construct(Boolean,[],function(){}));return true;}catch(e){return false;}} function _construct(Parent,args,Class){if(_isNativeReflectConstruct()){_construct=Reflect.construct.bind();}else{_construct=function _construct(Parent,args,Class){var a=[null];a.push.apply(a,args);var Constructor=Function.bind.apply(Parent,a);var instance=new Constructor();if(Class)_setPrototypeOf(instance,Class.prototype);return instance;};} return _construct.apply(null,arguments);} function _isNativeFunction(fn){return Function.toString.call(fn).indexOf("[native code]")!==-1;} function _wrapNativeSuper(Class){var _cache=typeof Map==="function"?new Map():undefined;_wrapNativeSuper=function _wrapNativeSuper(Class){if(Class===null||!_isNativeFunction(Class))return Class;if(typeof Class!=="function"){throw new TypeError("Super expression must either be null or a function");} if(typeof _cache!=="undefined"){if(_cache.has(Class))return _cache.get(Class);_cache.set(Class,Wrapper);} function Wrapper(){return _construct(Class,arguments,_getPrototypeOf(this).constructor);} Wrapper.prototype=Object.create(Class.prototype,{constructor:{value:Wrapper,enumerable:false,writable:true,configurable:true}});return _setPrototypeOf(Wrapper,Class);};return _wrapNativeSuper(Class);} window.customElements.define('joomla-hidden-mail',function(_HTMLElement){_inheritsLoose(_class,_HTMLElement);function _class(){var _this;_this=_HTMLElement.call(this)||this;_this.newElement='';_this.base='';return _this;} var _proto=_class.prototype;_proto.disconnectedCallback=function disconnectedCallback(){this.innerHTML='';};_proto.connectedCallback=function connectedCallback(){var _this2=this;this.base=this.getAttribute('base')+"/";if(this.getAttribute('is-link')==='1'){this.newElement=document.createElement('a');this.newElement.setAttribute('href',"mailto:"+this.constructor.b64DecodeUnicode(this.getAttribute('first'))+"@"+this.constructor.b64DecodeUnicode(this.getAttribute('last')));[].slice.call(this.attributes).forEach(function(attribute,index){var _this2$attributes$ite=_this2.attributes.item(index),nodeName=_this2$attributes$ite.nodeName;if(nodeName){if(['is-link','is-email','first','last','text'].indexOf(nodeName)===-1){var _this2$attributes$ite2=_this2.attributes.item(index),nodeValue=_this2$attributes$ite2.nodeValue;_this2.newElement.setAttribute(nodeName,nodeValue);}}});}else{this.newElement=document.createElement('span');} if(this.getAttribute('text')){var innerStr=this.constructor.b64DecodeUnicode(this.getAttribute('text'));innerStr=innerStr.replace('src="images/',"src=\""+this.base+"images/").replace('src="media/',"src=\""+this.base+"media/");this.newElement.innerHTML=Joomla.sanitizeHtml(innerStr);}else{this.newElement.innerText=window.atob(this.getAttribute('first'))+"@"+window.atob(this.getAttribute('last'));} this.removeAttribute('class');this.removeAttribute('style');this.innerText='';this.appendChild(this.newElement);};_class.b64DecodeUnicode=function b64DecodeUnicode(str){return decodeURIComponent(Array.prototype.map.call(atob(str),function(c){return"%"+("00"+c.charCodeAt(0).toString(16)).slice(-2);}).join(''));};return _class;}(_wrapNativeSuper(HTMLElement)));})(); /*! inlined from /media/mod_ntb_bxslider/js/global.min.js by ntb_minifier */ var bxs_update;var bxs_config=[];bxs_breakpoint=function(){breakpoint=window.getComputedStyle(document.querySelector('body'),':before').getPropertyValue('content').replace(/"/g,'')||'lg';if(breakpoint==='none'){breakpoint='lg';} return breakpoint;};bxs_create=function(name,swaps){var id='bxs-'+name;var bp=bxs_breakpoint();bxs_config[name]={id:id,bp:bp,swaps:swaps,settings:{auto:true,stopAutoOnClick:true,pause:5000,pager:false,minSlides:swaps[bp].slides,maxSlides:swaps[bp].slides,moveSlides:swaps[bp].slides,slideMargin:swaps[bp].margin,slideWidth:swaps[bp].width,nextSelector:'#'+id+'-next',prevSelector:'#'+id+'-prev',nextText:'<i class="fas fa-2x fa-angle-right"></i>',prevText:'<i class="fas fa-2x fa-angle-left"></i>',randomStart:true,adaptiveHeight:true,shrinkItems:true,touchEnabled:false,}};};$(function(){bxs_activate=function(name){bxs_config[name].bxslider=$('#'+bxs_config[name].id+' .bxslider').bxSlider(bxs_config[name].settings);bxs_update(name);$(window).resize(function(){bxs_update(name);});} bxs_update=function(name){var current_bp=bxs_breakpoint();if(current_bp!==bxs_config[name].bp){bxs_config[name].bp=current_bp;var swaps=bxs_config[name].swaps;bxs_config[name].settings.minSlides=swaps[current_bp].slides;bxs_config[name].settings.maxSlides=swaps[current_bp].slides;bxs_config[name].settings.moveSlides=swaps[current_bp].slides;bxs_config[name].settings.slideMargin=swaps[current_bp].margin;bxs_config[name].settings.slideWidth=swaps[current_bp].width;bxs_config[name].bxslider.reloadSlider(bxs_config[name].settings);} $('.'+bxs_config[name].id).removeClass('hidden');bxs_config[name].bxslider.redrawSlider();};});$(function(){olytics.fire({behaviorId:'3671H9128356A9M',category:"Articles",tag:"Features",pageType:"index",contentType:"topic"})});!function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s){if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function(){n.callMethod?n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments)};if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0';n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0;t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0];s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)}(window,document,'script','https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js');fbq('init','228022071752970');fbq('track','PageView');!function(s,a,e,v,n,t,z){if(s.saq)return;n=s.saq=function(){n.callMethod?n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments)};if(!s._saq)s._saq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='1.0';n.queue=[];t=a.createElement(e);t.async=!0;t.src=v;z=a.getElementsByTagName(e)[0];z.parentNode.insertBefore(t,z)}(window,document,'script','https://tags.srv.stackadapt.com/events.js');saq('ts','3GYZ_Va41jnx_uqfPcLCuQ');var match_md_max=window.matchMedia("(max-width: 991px)");bxs_create('default',{xxl:{slides:5,margin:20,width:256},xl:{slides:5,margin:20,width:256},lg:{slides:4,margin:32,width:256},md:{slides:3,margin:35,width:256},sm:{slides:3,margin:10,width:256},xs:{slides:2,margin:10,width:256}});$(function(){bxs_activate('default');});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_51686>a').appendTo('#f1_51686');}else{$('#f1_51686>a').appendTo('#f2_51686');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_51690>a').appendTo('#f1_51690');}else{$('#f1_51690>a').appendTo('#f2_51690');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_51707>a').appendTo('#f1_51707');}else{$('#f1_51707>a').appendTo('#f2_51707');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_51687>a').appendTo('#f1_51687');}else{$('#f1_51687>a').appendTo('#f2_51687');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_51688>a').appendTo('#f1_51688');}else{$('#f1_51688>a').appendTo('#f2_51688');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_51689>a').appendTo('#f1_51689');}else{$('#f1_51689>a').appendTo('#f2_51689');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_51477>a').appendTo('#f1_51477');}else{$('#f1_51477>a').appendTo('#f2_51477');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_51478>a').appendTo('#f1_51478');}else{$('#f1_51478>a').appendTo('#f2_51478');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_51479>a').appendTo('#f1_51479');}else{$('#f1_51479>a').appendTo('#f2_51479');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_51480>a').appendTo('#f1_51480');}else{$('#f1_51480>a').appendTo('#f2_51480');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_51481>a').appendTo('#f1_51481');}else{$('#f1_51481>a').appendTo('#f2_51481');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_51283>a').appendTo('#f1_51283');}else{$('#f1_51283>a').appendTo('#f2_51283');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_51293>a').appendTo('#f1_51293');}else{$('#f1_51293>a').appendTo('#f2_51293');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_51294>a').appendTo('#f1_51294');}else{$('#f1_51294>a').appendTo('#f2_51294');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_51295>a').appendTo('#f1_51295');}else{$('#f1_51295>a').appendTo('#f2_51295');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_51030>a').appendTo('#f1_51030');}else{$('#f1_51030>a').appendTo('#f2_51030');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_51031>a').appendTo('#f1_51031');}else{$('#f1_51031>a').appendTo('#f2_51031');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_51032>a').appendTo('#f1_51032');}else{$('#f1_51032>a').appendTo('#f2_51032');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_51033>a').appendTo('#f1_51033');}else{$('#f1_51033>a').appendTo('#f2_51033');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_50905>a').appendTo('#f1_50905');}else{$('#f1_50905>a').appendTo('#f2_50905');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_50918>a').appendTo('#f1_50918');}else{$('#f1_50918>a').appendTo('#f2_50918');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_50921>a').appendTo('#f1_50921');}else{$('#f1_50921>a').appendTo('#f2_50921');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_50685>a').appendTo('#f1_50685');}else{$('#f1_50685>a').appendTo('#f2_50685');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_50686>a').appendTo('#f1_50686');}else{$('#f1_50686>a').appendTo('#f2_50686');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_50687>a').appendTo('#f1_50687');}else{$('#f1_50687>a').appendTo('#f2_50687');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_50450>a').appendTo('#f1_50450');}else{$('#f1_50450>a').appendTo('#f2_50450');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_50468>a').appendTo('#f1_50468');}else{$('#f1_50468>a').appendTo('#f2_50468');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_50198>a').appendTo('#f1_50198');}else{$('#f1_50198>a').appendTo('#f2_50198');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});$(document).ready(function(){mh=function(mq){if(mq.matches){$('#f2_50199>a').appendTo('#f1_50199');}else{$('#f1_50199>a').appendTo('#f2_50199');}};match_md_max.addListener(mh);mh(match_md_max);});bxs_create('tbtvrelated',{xxl:{slides:5,margin:20,width:256},xl:{slides:4,margin:20,width:224},lg:{slides:3,margin:10,width:260},md:{slides:3,margin:5,width:200},sm:{slides:2,margin:30,width:215},xs:{slides:2,margin:10,width:275}});$(function(){bxs_activate('tbtvrelated');});$(function(){$('#cb-form').on('shown.bs.modal',function(){$('#inputUserName').focus();})}); /*! inlined from /templates/mdb_2018/js/custom.min.js by ntb_minifier */ $(window).scroll(function(){if($(document).scrollTop()>50){$("nav").addClass("shrink");$(".logolarge").addClass("tb-logo-closed");$(".logosmall").removeClass("d-md-none");$(".add").hide()}else{$("nav").removeClass("shrink");$(".logosmall").addClass("d-md-none");$(".logolarge").removeClass("tb-logo-closed");$(".add").show()}});var _extraWatchParams=_extraWatchParams||[];_extraWatchParams.projectId='eed06b3a-9b31-4a14-a667-1115812e9f4e';(function(){var ew=document.createElement('script');ew.type='text/javascript';ew.async=true;ew.src='https://agent.extrawatch.com/agent/js/ew.js';var s=document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];s.parentNode.insertBefore(ew,s);})();_linkedin_partner_id="3077140";window._linkedin_data_partner_ids=window._linkedin_data_partner_ids||[];window._linkedin_data_partner_ids.push(_linkedin_partner_id);(function(l){if(!l){window.lintrk=function(a,b){window.lintrk.q.push([a,b])};window.lintrk.q=[]} var s=document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];var b=document.createElement("script");b.type="text/javascript";b.async=true;b.src="https://snap.licdn.com/li.lms-analytics/insight.min.js";s.parentNode.insertBefore(b,s);})(window.lintrk); </script> </body> </html>