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event.slot.getSlotId().getDomId(); var element = jQuery('#' + id_div); // Au cas on a l'habillage masqué var mask_cdt = ( (typeof(site_config_js.dfp_div_ids.masthead_haut) !== 'undefined' && id_div == site_config_js.dfp_div_ids.masthead_haut) || (is_mobile && typeof(site_config_js.dfp_div_ids.sticky_banner_top) !== 'undefined' && id_div == site_config_js.dfp_div_ids.sticky_banner_top) ); if(mask_cdt) { var mask_id = 'rw_skin_clickMask'; jQuery('.' + mask_id + '_to_remove').remove(); if(typeof element.prev()[0] !== 'undefined' && element.prev()[0] == jQuery('#' + mask_id)[0]) { adPlaceholderFilled = true; jQuery('#' + mask_id).addClass(mask_id + '_to_remove'); var maskChildNewTop = jQuery('#' + mask_id)[0].getBoundingClientRect().top + jQuery(document).scrollTop(); jQuery('#' + mask_id + ' a').css('top', maskChildNewTop + 'px'); jQuery('body') .addClass(mask_id + '_habillage') .addClass('skin_size_1000') .addClass('rw_dfp_skin') .css('backgroundPosition', 'center ' + maskChildNewTop + 'px'); if (is_mobile) { var placeholder = element.closest('.placeholder-pub_dfp, .rwad-with-placeholder'); if (placeholder) { placeholder.css('flexDirection','column'); placeholder.css('minHeight','unset'); element.css('minHeight','unset'); } } } else if(site_config_js.devs.merge_masthead_haut_with_habillage_2599) { // To wait for class to be added setTimeout(function() { if(jQuery('body').hasClass('rw_dfp_skin') && jQuery('body').hasClass('skin_size_1000')) { hideAdPlaceholder(element, true); } }, 0); } } if(!event.isEmpty) { var classes_to_add = 'filled-with-pub'; // Récupérer le width de la pub var width_pub = event.size ? event.size[0] : null; if(width_pub) { classes_to_add += ' has-pub-' + width_pub; } element.addClass(classes_to_add); adPlaceholderFilled = true; } if(adPlaceholderFilled) { hideAdPlaceholder(element, false); } }); }); } }); } function get_utm_value_filtered(utm_name){ const slotsSource = { 'Snap': 'paid_snap', 'TikTok': 'paid_tiktok', 'google': 'paid_google', 'RevC': 'paid_revcontent', 'media10': 'paid_media10', 'cpttraff': 'paid_captain', 'PT_MF': 'paid_powerspace', 'CT_MF': 'paid_powerspace', 'PA_MF': 'paid_powerspace', 'twitter': 'paid_twitter', 'IVIDENCE': 'paid_ividence', 'supremedia': 'paid_supremedia', 'captaintraffic': 'paid_captain', 'Taboola_mobile': 'paid_taboola', 'Mobile_twitter': 'paid_twitter', 'pausecafein': 'paid_pausecafein', 'Outbrain_mobile': 'paid_outbrain', 'Mobile_facebook': 'paid_facebook', 'Mobile_instagram': 'paid_instagram', 'sprmdfb': 'paid_supremedia', }; if (site_config_js.add_new_elements_to_slotsSource === true) { slotsSource['taboola_desktop'] = slotsSource['Taboola_tablet'] = 'paid_taboola'; slotsSource['Outbrain_desktop'] = slotsSource['Outbrain_tablet'] = 'paid_outbrain'; slotsSource['Desktop_facebook'] = slotsSource['Tablet_facebook'] = 'paid_facebook'; } if (site_config_js.devs.add_new_key_values_3545){ slotsSource['trc.taboola.com'] = slotsSource['api.taboola.com'] = slotsSource['Taboola'] = 'paid_taboola'; slotsSource['Outbrain'] = slotsSource['outbrain.com'] = slotsSource['paid.outbrain.com'] = slotsSource['traffic.outbrain.com'] = slotsSource['Outbrain_desktop'] = 'paid_outbrain'; slotsSource['captaintraffi4'] = 'paid_captain'; } const lowercaseSlotsSource = Object.keys(slotsSource).reduce((acc, key) => { acc[key.toLowerCase()] = slotsSource[key]; return acc; }, {}); var queryString = window.location.search; var queryParams = new URLSearchParams(queryString); var utm_value = ''; var utm_value_filtered = ''; if (queryParams.has(utm_name)) { utm_value = queryParams.get(utm_name); } if (lowercaseSlotsSource[utm_value.toLowerCase()] !== undefined && site_config_js.devs.display_GAM_keyvalue_parsource_2493) { utm_value_filtered = lowercaseSlotsSource[utm_value.toLowerCase()]; } return utm_value_filtered; } function get_utm_value_sourcetraffic() { var queryString = window.location.search; var queryParams = new URLSearchParams(queryString); var utm_value_sourcetraffic = 'organique'; if (queryParams.has('utm_source')) { utm_value_sourcetraffic = 'paid'; } return utm_value_sourcetraffic; } var visite = 0; if(getCookie('visite')) { visite=0; } else { setCookie('visite',1,30); visite=1; } var gptadslots = []; var googletag = googletag || {cmd:[]}; site_config_js.dfp_slots = site_config_js.dfp_slots || {}; site_config_js.dfp_div_ids = {"interstitiel":"oop","masthead_haut":"banner_atf","mpu_haut":"300_atf","native":"dyninfeed"}; site_config_js.dfp_ids = site_config_js.dfp_ids || []; site_config_js.dfp_formats = {"interstitiel":{"opt_div":"oop","condition":"is_desktop","sizes":"out-of-page","bloc_annonce_level3":"oop"},"masthead_haut":{"position":1,"opt_div":"banner_atf","condition":"is_desktop","sizes":[[728,90],[970,250],[1800,1000],[1,1]],"bloc_annonce_level3":"banner_atf"},"mpu_haut":{"position":2,"opt_div":"300_atf","condition":"is_desktop","sizes":[[300,600],[300,250],[160,600]],"bloc_annonce_level3":"300_atf"},"native":{"position":23,"opt_div":"dyninfeed","sizes":[[300,250],"fluid"],"lazyload":false,"bloc_annonce_level3":"dyninfeed"}}; site_config_js.dfp_adunits = {"interstitiel":{"dfp_id_account":"46980923\/zdnet_fr\/organic","dfp_bloc_annonces_id":"others\/oop"},"masthead_haut":{"dfp_id_account":"46980923\/zdnet_fr\/organic","dfp_bloc_annonces_id":"others\/banner_atf"},"mpu_haut":{"dfp_id_account":"46980923\/zdnet_fr\/organic","dfp_bloc_annonces_id":"others\/300_atf"},"native":{"dfp_id_account":"46980923\/zdnet_fr\/organic","dfp_bloc_annonces_id":"others\/dyninfeed"}}; site_config_js.dfp_targeting = {"interstitiel":{"visite":"[visite]","article_id":[207721],"article_type":["simple"],"auteur":["Extern ZDNet"],"Etiquettes":["apple","mac","macos"],"rubrique_id":[6351]},"masthead_haut":{"pos":[1],"visite":"[visite]","article_id":[207721],"article_type":["simple"],"auteur":["Extern ZDNet"],"Etiquettes":["apple","mac","macos"],"rubrique_id":[6351]},"mpu_haut":{"pos":[2],"visite":"[visite]","article_id":[207721],"article_type":["simple"],"auteur":["Extern ZDNet"],"Etiquettes":["apple","mac","macos"],"rubrique_id":[6351]},"native":{"pos":[23],"visite":"[visite]","article_id":[207721],"article_type":["simple"],"auteur":["Extern ZDNet"],"Etiquettes":["apple","mac","macos"],"rubrique_id":[6351]}}; site_config_js.dfp_roadbloack_formats = []; var reworldAd = reworldAd || {}; reworldAd.que = reworldAd.que || []; var reworldAdUtils = reworldAdUtils || {}; reworldAdUtils.que = reworldAdUtils.que || []; dfp_utm_source_value = get_utm_value_filtered('utm_source'); dfp_utm_sourcetraffic_value = get_utm_value_sourcetraffic(); googletag.cmd.push(function() { /* interstitiel */ gptadslots.push(site_config_js.dfp_slots['interstitiel'] = googletag.defineOutOfPageSlot('/46980923/zdnet_fr/organic/others/oop', 'oop').setTargeting('visite', [visite]).setTargeting('article_id', [207721]).setTargeting('article_type', ["simple"]).setTargeting('auteur', ["Extern ZDNet"]).setTargeting('Etiquettes', ["apple", "mac", "macos"]).setTargeting('rubrique_id', [6351]).setCollapseEmptyDiv(true).addService(googletag.pubads())); /* masthead_haut */ gptadslots.push(site_config_js.dfp_slots['masthead_haut'] = googletag.defineSlot('/46980923/zdnet_fr/organic/others/banner_atf', [[728,90],[970,250],[1800,1000],[1,1]], 'banner_atf').setTargeting('pos', ['1']).setTargeting('visite', [visite]).setTargeting('article_id', [207721]).setTargeting('article_type', ["simple"]).setTargeting('auteur', ["Extern ZDNet"]).setTargeting('Etiquettes', ["apple", "mac", "macos"]).setTargeting('rubrique_id', [6351]).setCollapseEmptyDiv(true).addService(googletag.pubads())); /* mpu_haut */ gptadslots.push(site_config_js.dfp_slots['mpu_haut'] = googletag.defineSlot('/46980923/zdnet_fr/organic/others/300_atf', [[300,600],[300,250],[160,600]], '300_atf').setTargeting('pos', ['2']).setTargeting('visite', [visite]).setTargeting('article_id', [207721]).setTargeting('article_type', ["simple"]).setTargeting('auteur', ["Extern ZDNet"]).setTargeting('Etiquettes', ["apple", "mac", "macos"]).setTargeting('rubrique_id', [6351]).setCollapseEmptyDiv(true).addService(googletag.pubads())); googletag.pubads().disableInitialLoad(); googletag.pubads().setTargeting("content_keywords", ["apple","mac","macos"]).setTargeting("platform", "desktop").setTargeting("content_class", "rg").setTargeting("contenttype", "article").setTargeting("date", "22-01-24").setTargeting("url", "/pratique/macos-comment-fermer-une-application-en-utilisant-une-ligne-de-commande-39963724.htm").setTargeting("story", "207721").setTargeting("section", "section_news").setTargeting("hasvideo", "false"); googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest(); googletag.pubads().collapseEmptyDivs(); googletag.pubads().setCentering(true); googletag.enableServices(); console.log('%c => Not lazyloaded ads : ["interstitiel","masthead_haut","mpu_haut"]', 'background: #222; color: #bada55'); console.log('%c => Lazyloaded ads : ["native"]', 'background: #222; color: #bada55'); }); reworldAd.que.push(function() { reworldAd.refresh(); reworldAdUtils.que.push(function() { reworldAdUtils.setPrebidUtilsConfig({adUnit:"/46980923/zdnet_fr/organic", targeting:{"visite":[visite],"article_id":[207721],"article_type":["simple"],"auteur":["Extern ZDNet"],"Etiquettes":["apple","mac","macos"],"rubrique_id":[6351]}}); }); }); </script> <style type="text/css"> div.pub_dfp > div { display: block !important; } </style> 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decoding="async" data-lazyloading="false" fetchpriority="high" loading="eager" /> </span> </div> </div> <div class="article-content thecontent" itemprop="articleBody"> <div class="cnzd__ed-content"> <p align="center"><em>Image : June Wan/ZDNET.</em><div id=dfp_inread class=DFPinread></div></p><!-- native --> <div class="clearfix"></div><div id="dyninfeed" class="pub_dfp native lazyload-rwad" data-child-adunit="others/dyninfeed" data-position-desktop="23" data-placeholder-width="300" data-placeholder-height="250" ></div> <form id="zdnet_newsletter_inread" action="/inscription" method="POST"> <input type="hidden" id="zdnet_newsletter_category" name="zdnet_newsletter_category" value="zd_guide_pratique"> <div class="cnzd-col-xxs-12 cnzd__newsletter cnzd_form-layout"> <div class="cnzd_form-layout__title cn__title-sm cn__font-primary">Recevez une sélection de conseils stratégiques et d'astuces concrètes chaque semaine dans votre boîte mail avec notre newsletter Guides pratiques.</div> <div class="cnzd_form-layout__input"> <input type="email" value="" id="zdnet_newsletter_email" name="zdnet_newsletter_email" autocomplete="email" placeholder="Adresse mail" required> </div> <div class="cnzd_form-layout__btn"> <input class="cnzd__a-btn is--role-primary connexion-submit" type="submit" value="S'inscrire"> </div> <div class="cnzd_form-layout__cnd nl-description"><a href="/politique-de-confidentialite">En savoir plus sur l’utilisation des données personnelles</a></div> </div> </form> <p>Si vous travaillez sur macOS, vous savez que les applications se comportent rarement de manière inhabituelle. Malgré tout, cela arrive parfois. Alors, lorsqu’une application ne répond plus, l’interface a prévu un outil pour vous aider à la fermer : il suffit d’aller dans le menu Pomme, puis <strong>Applications</strong>, de sélectionner l’application en question et de cliquer sur <strong>Forcer à quitter</strong>.</p> <p>Toutefois, il n’est pas toujours possible d’utiliser ce menu. Et quand l’arrêt forcé d’une application forcée ne fonctionne pas, on se tourne généralement vers le redémarrage du Mac. Pourtant, ce n’est pas la seule solution. En fait, il existe même une meilleure solution, qui utilise la puissance des lignes de commande. Oui, comme sur Linux ! Grâce à ce pouvoir, vous pourrez contrôler toutes les applications, et leur faire faire ce que vous voulez – notamment les fermer quand elles refusent de fonctionner correctement.</p> <p>Vous allez donc apprendre deux lignes de commande, grâce auxquelles plus aucune application ne vous résistera quand vous lui demanderez de se fermer. Cette astuce fonctionne sur tous les Mac, quelle que soit la version de macOS utilisée. Néanmoins, il est toujours recommandé de mettre à jour son OS pour bénéficier des derniers correctifs de sécurité, notamment.</p> <h2>1. Ouvrez le terminal</h2> <p>Pour commencer, ouvrez l’application <strong>Terminal</strong> en cliquant sur l’icône correspondante dans le Launchpad.</p> <h2>2. Localisez l’application à fermer</h2> <p>Voici la partie la plus délicate : il faut trouver le nom de l’application à fermer.</p> <p>Dans l’exemple suivant, nous prendrons l’application de messagerie d’Apple, Mail. N’oubliez pas : les commandes Linux sont sensibles à la casse. Ainsi, nous ne cherchons pas « mail » (l’e-mail, le courrier), mais « Mail » (le nom de l’application).</p> <p>Nous allons donc utiliser deux commandes Linux, <strong>ps</strong> et <strong>grep</strong>, pour lister toutes les applications contenant le mot « Mail » en cours d’exécution. Pour cette tâche, la commande à entrer est la suivante :</p> <pre><code>ps aux |grep Mail</code></pre> <p>Si vous souhaitez savoir ce que signifie cette ligne de commande, voici comment elle se répartit :</p> <ul> <li>La commande <strong>ps</strong> affiche les processus en cours ;</li> <li><strong>aux</strong> s’ajoute à la commande <strong>ps</strong> pour afficher tous les processus associés à un identifiant utilisateur ;</li> <li><strong>|</strong> est un tuyau qui envoie la sortie de la première commande à la commande suivante ;</li> <li>La commande <strong>grep</strong> recherche une chaîne de caractères (motif) dans un fichier spécifique ;</li> <li><strong>Mail</strong> est le motif sélectionné pour la commande <em>grep</em>.</li> </ul> <p>La ligne de commande devrait ressembler à quelque chose comme ça :</p> <pre><code>jackwallen 20722 0.0 2.3 415470192 378896 ?? S Thur09PM 21:07.22 /System/Applications/Mail.app/Contents/MacOS/Mail</code></pre> <p>Grâce à cette liste, nous savons maintenant que l’application s’exécute en fait sous le nom de <strong>Mail</strong>. Nous pouvons donc utiliser ce nom pour forcer l’arrêt l’application.</p> <p>Cette vérification est nécessaire, non seulement pour être sûr de parvenir à quitter l’application, mais aussi et surtout pour être sûr de ne pas fermer une autre application, qui pourrait avoir un nom similaire, mais être indispensable à notre usage.</p> <h2>2. Fermez l’application</h2> <p>Pour forcer l’arrêt de l’application, le plus simple est d’utiliser la commande <strong>killall</strong>.</p> <p>Dans l’exemple précédent, la ligne de commande pour fermer l’application Mail est la suivante :</p> <pre><code>killall Mail</code></pre> <p>Vous pouvez vérifier : l’application Mail est bien fermée ! Et ce, même si le menu <strong>Forcer à quitter</strong> n’a pas fonctionné.</p> <h2>Avertissement !</h2> <p>N’utilisez cette procédure que lorsque le menu <strong>Forcer à quitter</strong> ne fonctionne pas, et si vous êtes sûr de connaître le nom de l’application que vous voulez fermer.</p> <p>Surtout, n’utilisez pas la commande <strong>killall</strong> au hasard : vous pourriez causer des dommages à votre système d’exploitation et/ou perdre des données.</p> <p>Comme le disait l’oncle Ben à Spiderman, « un grand pouvoir implique de grandes responsabilités » : cette commande peut vous être d’un grand secours, mais seulement si vous l’utilisez à bon escient et avec parcimonie.</p> <p><em>Source : <a href="https://www.zdnet.com/article/how-to-close-apps-on-macos-from-the-command-line/" target="_blank">ZDNet.com</a></em></p> <div class="cnzd__related-posts-bloc cnzd__vr--56"> <h1 class="cnzd__m-hdng cn__title-lg cn__font-primary cnzd__vr--16"> / Plus d'actualités </h1> <div class="cnzd-row cnzd__list--16 cnzd__vr--32"> <div class="cnzd-col-xxs-12"> <article class="ed__i-lst"> <figure class="cn__level-two"> <span class="ed__i-lst__l cn__body-xs"> <span data-action="jslink" data-ref="https://www.zdnet.fr/actualites/" title="Actualités"> Actualités </span> </span> <span data-action="jslink" data-ref="https://www.zdnet.fr/actualites/zd-tech-pourquoi-zuckerberg-engloutit-des-tonnes-dargent-dans-la-realite-virtuelle-405732.htm" title="ZD Tech : pourquoi Zuckerberg engloutit des tonnes d'argent dans la réalité virtuelle"> <img width="365" height="200" decoding="async" src="/rw-placeholder/365/200/image.svg" data-src="https://www.zdnet.fr/wp-content/uploads/zdnet/2024/09/zdnet-podcast-bo-365x200.jpg" class="lazy-load cnzd__ar--xxs-s cnzd__ar--xs-s cnzd__ar--sm-s cnzd__ar--md-s cnzd__ar--lg-w cnzd__ar--xl-w zoom-it wp-post-image" alt="ZD Tech : pourquoi Zuckerberg engloutit des tonnes d'argent dans la réalité virtuelle" decoding="async" /><noscript><img width="365" height="200" src="https://www.zdnet.fr/wp-content/uploads/zdnet/2024/09/zdnet-podcast-bo-365x200.jpg" class="cnzd__ar--xxs-s cnzd__ar--xs-s cnzd__ar--sm-s cnzd__ar--md-s cnzd__ar--lg-w cnzd__ar--xl-w zoom-it wp-post-image" alt="ZD Tech : pourquoi Zuckerberg engloutit des tonnes d'argent dans la réalité virtuelle" decoding="async" /></noscript> </span> </figure> <div class="ed__i-lst__c"> <h2 class="ed__i-lst__c__h cn__title-sm cn__font-primary--has-hover"> <a href="https://www.zdnet.fr/actualites/zd-tech-pourquoi-zuckerberg-engloutit-des-tonnes-dargent-dans-la-realite-virtuelle-405732.htm" title="ZD Tech : pourquoi Zuckerberg engloutit des tonnes d'argent dans la réalité virtuelle"> ZD Tech : pourquoi Zuckerberg engloutit des tonnes d'argent dans la réalité virtuelle </a> </h2> <p class="cn__body-md cn__font-primary ed__i-lst__c__txt">Au total, plus de 100 milliards de dollars d'investissement ont été engloutis dans cette tentative. 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Transformation numérique, IA, matériel, logiciels,... ne passez pas à côté de ce qui fait la Une du secteur.</p> <time class="ed__i-lst__c__i cn__body-xs cn__font-quaternary" datetime="2025-02-04T08:34:27+01:00">Par Guillaume Serries | 04 février 2025</time> </div> </article> </div> <div class="cnzd-col-xxs-12"> <article class="ed__i-lst"> <figure class="cn__level-two"> <span class="ed__i-lst__l cn__body-xs"> <span data-action="jslink" data-ref="https://www.zdnet.fr/actualites/" title="Actualités"> Actualités </span> </span> <span data-action="jslink" data-ref="https://www.zdnet.fr/actualites/apple-sapprete-a-changer-la-facon-dont-vous-envoyez-des-invitations-a-des-evenements-405689.htm" title="Apple s'apprête à changer la façon dont vous envoyez des invitations à des événements"> <img width="365" height="200" decoding="async" src="/rw-placeholder/365/200/image.svg" data-src="https://www.zdnet.fr/wp-content/uploads/zdnet/2025/02/apple-confetti-365x200.jpg" class="lazy-load cnzd__ar--xxs-s cnzd__ar--xs-s cnzd__ar--sm-s cnzd__ar--md-s cnzd__ar--lg-w cnzd__ar--xl-w zoom-it wp-post-image" alt="Apple s'apprête à changer la façon dont vous envoyez des invitations à des événements" decoding="async" /><noscript><img width="365" height="200" src="https://www.zdnet.fr/wp-content/uploads/zdnet/2025/02/apple-confetti-365x200.jpg" class="cnzd__ar--xxs-s cnzd__ar--xs-s cnzd__ar--sm-s cnzd__ar--md-s cnzd__ar--lg-w cnzd__ar--xl-w zoom-it wp-post-image" alt="Apple s'apprête à changer la façon dont vous envoyez des invitations à des événements" decoding="async" /></noscript> </span> </figure> <div class="ed__i-lst__c"> <h2 class="ed__i-lst__c__h cn__title-sm cn__font-primary--has-hover"> <a href="https://www.zdnet.fr/actualites/apple-sapprete-a-changer-la-facon-dont-vous-envoyez-des-invitations-a-des-evenements-405689.htm" title="Apple s'apprête à changer la façon dont vous envoyez des invitations à des événements"> Apple s'apprête à changer la façon dont vous envoyez des invitations à des événements </a> </h2> <p class="cn__body-md cn__font-primary ed__i-lst__c__txt">Baptisé Confetti, le prochain outil d'Apple permettrait d'inviter plus facilement des personnes à des événements et de vous informer des participants.</p> <time class="ed__i-lst__c__i cn__body-xs cn__font-quaternary" datetime="2025-02-04T07:00:30+01:00">Par Artie Beaty | 04 février 2025</time> </div> </article> </div> <div class="cnzd-col-xxs-12"> <article class="ed__i-lst"> <figure class="cn__level-two"> <span class="ed__i-lst__l cn__body-xs"> <span data-action="jslink" data-ref="https://www.zdnet.fr/actualites/" title="Actualités"> Actualités </span> </span> <span data-action="jslink" data-ref="https://www.zdnet.fr/actualites/zdnet-morning-03-02-2025-cold-case-coinrail-gemini-flash-2-0-streaming-a-lhotel-405635.htm" title="ZDNET Morning 03/02/2025 : Cold case Coinrail, Gemini Flash 2.0, Streaming à l'hôtel,..."> <img width="365" height="200" decoding="async" src="/rw-placeholder/365/200/image.svg" data-src="https://www.zdnet.fr/wp-content/uploads/zdnet/2024/10/zdnet_1280-365x200.jpg" class="lazy-load cnzd__ar--xxs-s cnzd__ar--xs-s cnzd__ar--sm-s cnzd__ar--md-s cnzd__ar--lg-w cnzd__ar--xl-w zoom-it wp-post-image" alt="ZDNET Morning 03/02/2025 : Cold case Coinrail, Gemini Flash 2.0, Streaming à l'hôtel,..." decoding="async" /><noscript><img width="365" height="200" src="https://www.zdnet.fr/wp-content/uploads/zdnet/2024/10/zdnet_1280-365x200.jpg" class="cnzd__ar--xxs-s cnzd__ar--xs-s cnzd__ar--sm-s cnzd__ar--md-s cnzd__ar--lg-w cnzd__ar--xl-w zoom-it wp-post-image" alt="ZDNET Morning 03/02/2025 : Cold case Coinrail, Gemini Flash 2.0, Streaming à l'hôtel,..." decoding="async" /></noscript> </span> </figure> <div class="ed__i-lst__c"> <h2 class="ed__i-lst__c__h cn__title-sm cn__font-primary--has-hover"> <a href="https://www.zdnet.fr/actualites/zdnet-morning-03-02-2025-cold-case-coinrail-gemini-flash-2-0-streaming-a-lhotel-405635.htm" title="ZDNET Morning 03/02/2025 : Cold case Coinrail, Gemini Flash 2.0, Streaming à l'hôtel,..."> ZDNET Morning 03/02/2025 : Cold case Coinrail, Gemini Flash 2.0, Streaming à l'hôtel,... </a> </h2> <p class="cn__body-md cn__font-primary ed__i-lst__c__txt">Le ZDNET Morning le brief de l'actu tech pour les pros tous les matins à 9h00. Transformation numérique, IA, matériel, logiciels,... ne passez pas à côté de ce qui fait la Une du secteur.</p> <time class="ed__i-lst__c__i cn__body-xs cn__font-quaternary" datetime="2025-02-03T08:45:02+01:00">Par Guillaume Serries | 03 février 2025</time> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div><div class="cnzd__related-posts-bloc cnzd__vr--56"> <h1 class="cnzd__m-hdng cn__title-lg cn__font-primary cnzd__vr--16"> / Plus de guides d'achat </h1> <div class="cnzd-row cnzd__list--16 cnzd__vr--32"> <div class="cnzd-col-xxs-12"> <article class="ed__i-lst"> <figure class="cn__level-two"> <span class="ed__i-lst__l cn__body-xs"> <span data-action="jslink" data-ref="https://www.zdnet.fr/guide-achat/" title="Guide d'achat"> Guide d'achat </span> </span> <span data-action="jslink" data-ref="https://www.zdnet.fr/guide-achat/retour-dexperience-apple-airpods-pro-2-depuis-leur-sortie-en-2022-sont-ils-encore-dans-le-coup-en-2025-405759.htm" title="Retour d’expérience Apple AirPods Pro 2 : depuis leur sortie en 2022, sont-ils encore dans le coup en 2025 ?"> <img width="365" height="200" decoding="async" src="/rw-placeholder/365/200/image.svg" data-src="https://www.zdnet.fr/wp-content/uploads/zdnet/2025/02/apple-airpods-pro-2_main-365x200.webp" class="lazy-load cnzd__ar--xxs-s cnzd__ar--xs-s cnzd__ar--sm-s cnzd__ar--md-s cnzd__ar--lg-w cnzd__ar--xl-w zoom-it wp-post-image" alt="Retour d’expérience Apple AirPods Pro 2 : depuis leur sortie en 2022, sont-ils encore dans le coup en 2025 ?" decoding="async" /><noscript><img width="365" height="200" src="https://www.zdnet.fr/wp-content/uploads/zdnet/2025/02/apple-airpods-pro-2_main-365x200.webp" class="cnzd__ar--xxs-s cnzd__ar--xs-s cnzd__ar--sm-s cnzd__ar--md-s cnzd__ar--lg-w cnzd__ar--xl-w zoom-it wp-post-image" alt="Retour d’expérience Apple AirPods Pro 2 : depuis leur sortie en 2022, sont-ils encore dans le coup en 2025 ?" decoding="async" /></noscript> </span> </figure> <div class="ed__i-lst__c"> <h2 class="ed__i-lst__c__h cn__title-sm cn__font-primary--has-hover"> <a href="https://www.zdnet.fr/guide-achat/retour-dexperience-apple-airpods-pro-2-depuis-leur-sortie-en-2022-sont-ils-encore-dans-le-coup-en-2025-405759.htm" title="Retour d’expérience Apple AirPods Pro 2 : depuis leur sortie en 2022, sont-ils encore dans le coup en 2025 ?"> Retour d’expérience Apple AirPods Pro 2 : depuis leur sortie en 2022, sont-ils encore dans le coup en 2025 ? </a> </h2> <p class="cn__body-md cn__font-primary ed__i-lst__c__txt">Ces écouteurs intras premium sont parmi les meilleurs du marché. Et s’ils sont loin d'être dépassés, valent-ils pour autant toujours votre dépense d’argent?</p> <time class="ed__i-lst__c__i cn__body-xs cn__font-quaternary" datetime="2025-02-05T11:08:40+01:00">Par Jada Jones | 05 février 2025</time> </div> </article> </div> <div class="cnzd-col-xxs-12"> <article class="ed__i-lst"> <figure class="cn__level-two"> <span class="ed__i-lst__l cn__body-xs"> <span data-action="jslink" data-ref="https://www.zdnet.fr/guide-achat/" title="Guide d'achat"> Guide d'achat </span> </span> <span data-action="jslink" data-ref="https://www.zdnet.fr/guide-achat/oui-ce-cable-thunderbolt-4-nest-pas-signe-apple-mais-il-propose-le-meme-debit-plus-de-longueur-et-est-deux-fois-moins-cher-404283.htm" title="Oui, ce câble Thunderbolt 4 n'est pas signé Apple, mais il propose le même débit, plus de longueur, et est deux fois moins cher"> <img width="365" height="200" decoding="async" src="/rw-placeholder/365/200/image.svg" data-src="https://www.zdnet.fr/wp-content/uploads/zdnet/2025/01/thunderbolt4-gettyimages-1238182860-365x200.webp" class="lazy-load cnzd__ar--xxs-s cnzd__ar--xs-s cnzd__ar--sm-s cnzd__ar--md-s cnzd__ar--lg-w cnzd__ar--xl-w zoom-it wp-post-image" alt="Oui, ce câble Thunderbolt 4 n'est pas signé Apple, mais il propose le même débit, plus de longueur, et est deux fois moins cher" decoding="async" /><noscript><img width="365" height="200" src="https://www.zdnet.fr/wp-content/uploads/zdnet/2025/01/thunderbolt4-gettyimages-1238182860-365x200.webp" class="cnzd__ar--xxs-s cnzd__ar--xs-s cnzd__ar--sm-s cnzd__ar--md-s cnzd__ar--lg-w cnzd__ar--xl-w zoom-it wp-post-image" alt="Oui, ce câble Thunderbolt 4 n'est pas signé Apple, mais il propose le même débit, plus de longueur, et est deux fois moins cher" decoding="async" /></noscript> </span> </figure> <div class="ed__i-lst__c"> <h2 class="ed__i-lst__c__h cn__title-sm cn__font-primary--has-hover"> <a href="https://www.zdnet.fr/guide-achat/oui-ce-cable-thunderbolt-4-nest-pas-signe-apple-mais-il-propose-le-meme-debit-plus-de-longueur-et-est-deux-fois-moins-cher-404283.htm" title="Oui, ce câble Thunderbolt 4 n'est pas signé Apple, mais il propose le même débit, plus de longueur, et est deux fois moins cher"> Oui, ce câble Thunderbolt 4 n'est pas signé Apple, mais il propose le même débit, plus de longueur, et est deux fois moins cher </a> </h2> <p class="cn__body-md cn__font-primary ed__i-lst__c__txt">Les câbles optiques USB4 d'OWC offrent les mêmes vitesses de transfert de données et sont disponibles dans des tailles plus longues que celles proposées par Apple. Surtout, ls sont presque moitié moins chers.</p> <time class="ed__i-lst__c__i cn__body-xs cn__font-quaternary" datetime="2025-01-10T16:51:58+01:00">Par Artie Beaty | 10 janvier 2025</time> </div> </article> </div> <div class="cnzd-col-xxs-12"> <article class="ed__i-lst"> <figure class="cn__level-two"> <span class="ed__i-lst__l cn__body-xs"> <span data-action="jslink" data-ref="https://www.zdnet.fr/guide-achat/" title="Guide d'achat"> Guide d'achat </span> </span> <span data-action="jslink" data-ref="https://www.zdnet.fr/guide-achat/intelligence-artificielle-comment-installer-un-llm-sur-macos-404138.htm" title="Intelligence Artificielle : comment installer un LLM sur MacOS"> <img width="365" height="200" decoding="async" src="/rw-placeholder/365/200/image.svg" data-src="https://www.zdnet.fr/wp-content/uploads/zdnet/2025/01/llm-on-macos-365x200.webp" class="lazy-load cnzd__ar--xxs-s cnzd__ar--xs-s cnzd__ar--sm-s cnzd__ar--md-s cnzd__ar--lg-w cnzd__ar--xl-w zoom-it wp-post-image" alt="Intelligence Artificielle : comment installer un LLM sur MacOS" decoding="async" /><noscript><img width="365" height="200" src="https://www.zdnet.fr/wp-content/uploads/zdnet/2025/01/llm-on-macos-365x200.webp" class="cnzd__ar--xxs-s cnzd__ar--xs-s cnzd__ar--sm-s cnzd__ar--md-s cnzd__ar--lg-w cnzd__ar--xl-w zoom-it wp-post-image" alt="Intelligence Artificielle : comment installer un LLM sur MacOS" decoding="async" /></noscript> </span> </figure> <div class="ed__i-lst__c"> <h2 class="ed__i-lst__c__h cn__title-sm cn__font-primary--has-hover"> <a href="https://www.zdnet.fr/guide-achat/intelligence-artificielle-comment-installer-un-llm-sur-macos-404138.htm" title="Intelligence Artificielle : comment installer un LLM sur MacOS"> Intelligence Artificielle : comment installer un LLM sur MacOS </a> </h2> <p class="cn__body-md cn__font-primary ed__i-lst__c__txt">Si vous voulez faire de l'IA mais que vous ne voulez pas partager votre contenu ou vos informations avec un service tiers, vous pouvez toujours installer un « grand modèle de langage » sur votre ordinateur. Vous serez surpris par la simplicité de cette opération.</p> <time class="ed__i-lst__c__i cn__body-xs cn__font-quaternary" datetime="2025-01-09T16:42:25+01:00">Par Jack Wallen | 09 janvier 2025</time> </div> </article> </div> <div class="cnzd-col-xxs-12"> <article class="ed__i-lst"> <figure class="cn__level-two"> <span class="ed__i-lst__l cn__body-xs"> <span data-action="jslink" data-ref="https://www.zdnet.fr/guide-achat/" title="Guide d'achat"> Guide d'achat </span> </span> <span data-action="jslink" data-ref="https://www.zdnet.fr/guide-achat/les-gagnants-de-lapp-store-2024-dapple-sont-connus-voici-la-liste-complete-et-les-favoris-de-zdnet-403091.htm" title="Les gagnants de l'App Store 2024 d'Apple sont connus. Voici la liste complète et les favoris de ZDNET"> <img width="365" height="200" decoding="async" src="/rw-placeholder/365/200/image.svg" data-src="https://www.zdnet.fr/wp-content/uploads/zdnet/2024/12/screenshot-2024-12-11-at-2-04-24pm-365x200.webp" class="lazy-load cnzd__ar--xxs-s cnzd__ar--xs-s cnzd__ar--sm-s cnzd__ar--md-s cnzd__ar--lg-w cnzd__ar--xl-w zoom-it wp-post-image" alt="Les gagnants de l'App Store 2024 d'Apple sont connus. Voici la liste complète et les favoris de ZDNET" decoding="async" /><noscript><img width="365" height="200" src="https://www.zdnet.fr/wp-content/uploads/zdnet/2024/12/screenshot-2024-12-11-at-2-04-24pm-365x200.webp" class="cnzd__ar--xxs-s cnzd__ar--xs-s cnzd__ar--sm-s cnzd__ar--md-s cnzd__ar--lg-w cnzd__ar--xl-w zoom-it wp-post-image" alt="Les gagnants de l'App Store 2024 d'Apple sont connus. Voici la liste complète et les favoris de ZDNET" decoding="async" /></noscript> </span> </figure> <div class="ed__i-lst__c"> <h2 class="ed__i-lst__c__h cn__title-sm cn__font-primary--has-hover"> <a href="https://www.zdnet.fr/guide-achat/les-gagnants-de-lapp-store-2024-dapple-sont-connus-voici-la-liste-complete-et-les-favoris-de-zdnet-403091.htm" title="Les gagnants de l'App Store 2024 d'Apple sont connus. Voici la liste complète et les favoris de ZDNET"> Les gagnants de l'App Store 2024 d'Apple sont connus. Voici la liste complète et les favoris de ZDNET </a> </h2> <p class="cn__body-md cn__font-primary ed__i-lst__c__txt">Vous pourriez bien découvrir ici votre prochaine application préférée. Voici aussi notre sélection.</p> <time class="ed__i-lst__c__i cn__body-xs cn__font-quaternary" datetime="2024-12-15T08:37:00+01:00">Par Sabrina Ortiz et Jason Hiner | 15 décembre 2024</time> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div><div class="cnzd__related-posts-bloc cnzd__vr--56"> <h1 class="cnzd__m-hdng cn__title-lg cn__font-primary cnzd__vr--16"> / Plus de guides pratiques </h1> <div class="cnzd-row cnzd__list--16 cnzd__vr--32"> <div class="cnzd-col-xxs-12"> <article class="ed__i-lst"> <figure class="cn__level-two"> <span class="ed__i-lst__l cn__body-xs"> <span data-action="jslink" data-ref="https://www.zdnet.fr/pratique/" title="Pratique"> Pratique </span> </span> <span data-action="jslink" data-ref="https://www.zdnet.fr/pratique/macos-comment-changer-rapidement-ses-programmes-par-defaut-405619.htm" title="MacOS : comment changer rapidement ses programmes par défaut"> <img width="365" height="200" decoding="async" src="/rw-placeholder/365/200/image.svg" data-src="https://www.zdnet.fr/wp-content/uploads/zdnet/2025/02/macos-programme-par-defaut-365x200.webp" class="lazy-load cnzd__ar--xxs-s cnzd__ar--xs-s cnzd__ar--sm-s cnzd__ar--md-s cnzd__ar--lg-w cnzd__ar--xl-w zoom-it wp-post-image" alt="MacOS : comment changer rapidement ses programmes par défaut" decoding="async" /><noscript><img width="365" height="200" src="https://www.zdnet.fr/wp-content/uploads/zdnet/2025/02/macos-programme-par-defaut-365x200.webp" class="cnzd__ar--xxs-s cnzd__ar--xs-s cnzd__ar--sm-s cnzd__ar--md-s cnzd__ar--lg-w cnzd__ar--xl-w zoom-it wp-post-image" alt="MacOS : comment changer rapidement ses programmes par défaut" decoding="async" /></noscript> </span> </figure> <div class="ed__i-lst__c"> <h2 class="ed__i-lst__c__h cn__title-sm cn__font-primary--has-hover"> <a href="https://www.zdnet.fr/pratique/macos-comment-changer-rapidement-ses-programmes-par-defaut-405619.htm" title="MacOS : comment changer rapidement ses programmes par défaut"> MacOS : comment changer rapidement ses programmes par défaut </a> </h2> <p class="cn__body-md cn__font-primary ed__i-lst__c__txt">C'est tellement facile d’associer chaque type de fichier au logiciel avec lequel vous préférez l’ouvrir. Vous vous demanderez pourquoi vous ne l'avez pas fait plus tôt !</p> <time class="ed__i-lst__c__i cn__body-xs cn__font-quaternary" datetime="2025-02-03T13:00:09+01:00">Par Jack Wallen | 03 février 2025</time> </div> </article> </div> <div class="cnzd-col-xxs-12"> <article class="ed__i-lst"> <figure class="cn__level-two"> <span class="ed__i-lst__l cn__body-xs"> <span data-action="jslink" data-ref="https://www.zdnet.fr/pratique/" title="Pratique"> Pratique </span> </span> <span data-action="jslink" data-ref="https://www.zdnet.fr/pratique/ios-18-3-epuise-la-batterie-de-votre-iphone-5-causes-potentielles-et-comment-les-resoudre-405517.htm" title="iOS 18.3 épuise la batterie de votre iPhone ? 5 causes potentielles et comment les résoudre"> <img width="365" height="200" decoding="async" src="/rw-placeholder/365/200/image.svg" data-src="https://www.zdnet.fr/wp-content/uploads/zdnet/2025/01/gettyimages-1246654810-365x200.webp" class="lazy-load cnzd__ar--xxs-s cnzd__ar--xs-s cnzd__ar--sm-s cnzd__ar--md-s cnzd__ar--lg-w cnzd__ar--xl-w zoom-it wp-post-image" alt="iOS 18.3 épuise la batterie de votre iPhone ? 5 causes potentielles et comment les résoudre" decoding="async" /><noscript><img width="365" height="200" src="https://www.zdnet.fr/wp-content/uploads/zdnet/2025/01/gettyimages-1246654810-365x200.webp" class="cnzd__ar--xxs-s cnzd__ar--xs-s cnzd__ar--sm-s cnzd__ar--md-s cnzd__ar--lg-w cnzd__ar--xl-w zoom-it wp-post-image" alt="iOS 18.3 épuise la batterie de votre iPhone ? 5 causes potentielles et comment les résoudre" decoding="async" /></noscript> </span> </figure> <div class="ed__i-lst__c"> <h2 class="ed__i-lst__c__h cn__title-sm cn__font-primary--has-hover"> <a href="https://www.zdnet.fr/pratique/ios-18-3-epuise-la-batterie-de-votre-iphone-5-causes-potentielles-et-comment-les-resoudre-405517.htm" title="iOS 18.3 épuise la batterie de votre iPhone ? 5 causes potentielles et comment les résoudre"> iOS 18.3 épuise la batterie de votre iPhone ? 5 causes potentielles et comment les résoudre </a> </h2> <p class="cn__body-md cn__font-primary ed__i-lst__c__txt">Certains utilisateurs d'iPhone rencontrent des problèmes de batterie après avoir installé la dernière mise à jour d'iOS. Suivez ces conseils pour atténuer les problèmes.</p> <time class="ed__i-lst__c__i cn__body-xs cn__font-quaternary" datetime="2025-01-31T11:20:34+01:00">Par Adrian Kingsley-Hughes | 31 janvier 2025</time> </div> </article> </div> <div class="cnzd-col-xxs-12"> <article class="ed__i-lst"> <figure class="cn__level-two"> <span class="ed__i-lst__l cn__body-xs"> <span data-action="jslink" data-ref="https://www.zdnet.fr/pratique/" title="Pratique"> Pratique </span> </span> <span data-action="jslink" data-ref="https://www.zdnet.fr/pratique/airpods-apple-vous-dit-comment-mettre-a-jour-chaque-modele-et-cest-plus-facile-que-vous-ne-le-pensez-405398.htm" title="AirPods : Apple vous dit comment mettre à jour chaque modèle - et c'est plus facile que vous ne le pensez"> <img width="365" height="200" decoding="async" src="/rw-placeholder/365/200/image.svg" data-src="https://www.zdnet.fr/wp-content/uploads/zdnet/2025/01/airpods4-5-365x200.jpg" class="lazy-load cnzd__ar--xxs-s cnzd__ar--xs-s cnzd__ar--sm-s cnzd__ar--md-s cnzd__ar--lg-w cnzd__ar--xl-w zoom-it wp-post-image" alt="AirPods : Apple vous dit comment mettre à jour chaque modèle - et c'est plus facile que vous ne le pensez" decoding="async" /><noscript><img width="365" height="200" src="https://www.zdnet.fr/wp-content/uploads/zdnet/2025/01/airpods4-5-365x200.jpg" class="cnzd__ar--xxs-s cnzd__ar--xs-s cnzd__ar--sm-s cnzd__ar--md-s cnzd__ar--lg-w cnzd__ar--xl-w zoom-it wp-post-image" alt="AirPods : Apple vous dit comment mettre à jour chaque modèle - et c'est plus facile que vous ne le pensez" decoding="async" /></noscript> </span> </figure> <div class="ed__i-lst__c"> <h2 class="ed__i-lst__c__h cn__title-sm cn__font-primary--has-hover"> <a href="https://www.zdnet.fr/pratique/airpods-apple-vous-dit-comment-mettre-a-jour-chaque-modele-et-cest-plus-facile-que-vous-ne-le-pensez-405398.htm" title="AirPods : Apple vous dit comment mettre à jour chaque modèle - et c'est plus facile que vous ne le pensez"> AirPods : Apple vous dit comment mettre à jour chaque modèle - et c'est plus facile que vous ne le pensez </a> </h2> <p class="cn__body-md cn__font-primary ed__i-lst__c__txt">Plutôt que de vous en remettre au hasard, vous pouvez mettre à jour votre modèle spécifique d'AirPods avec la version du logiciel qui va bien. Voici comment.</p> <time class="ed__i-lst__c__i cn__body-xs cn__font-quaternary" datetime="2025-01-30T12:02:53+01:00">Par Lance Whitney | 30 janvier 2025</time> </div> </article> </div> <div class="cnzd-col-xxs-12"> <article class="ed__i-lst"> <figure class="cn__level-two"> <span class="ed__i-lst__l cn__body-xs"> <span data-action="jslink" data-ref="https://www.zdnet.fr/pratique/" title="Pratique"> Pratique </span> </span> <span data-action="jslink" data-ref="https://www.zdnet.fr/pratique/mac-comment-supprimer-un-logiciel-404960.htm" title="Mac : comment supprimer un logiciel"> <img width="365" height="200" decoding="async" src="/rw-placeholder/365/200/image.svg" data-src="https://www.zdnet.fr/wp-content/uploads/zdnet/2025/01/mac-clavier-365x200.webp" class="lazy-load cnzd__ar--xxs-s cnzd__ar--xs-s cnzd__ar--sm-s cnzd__ar--md-s cnzd__ar--lg-w cnzd__ar--xl-w zoom-it wp-post-image" alt="Mac : comment supprimer un logiciel" decoding="async" /><noscript><img width="365" height="200" src="https://www.zdnet.fr/wp-content/uploads/zdnet/2025/01/mac-clavier-365x200.webp" class="cnzd__ar--xxs-s cnzd__ar--xs-s cnzd__ar--sm-s cnzd__ar--md-s cnzd__ar--lg-w cnzd__ar--xl-w zoom-it wp-post-image" alt="Mac : comment supprimer un logiciel" decoding="async" /></noscript> </span> </figure> <div class="ed__i-lst__c"> <h2 class="ed__i-lst__c__h cn__title-sm cn__font-primary--has-hover"> <a href="https://www.zdnet.fr/pratique/mac-comment-supprimer-un-logiciel-404960.htm" title="Mac : comment supprimer un logiciel"> Mac : comment supprimer un logiciel </a> </h2> <p class="cn__body-md cn__font-primary ed__i-lst__c__txt">Ne laissez plus des programmes inutilisés dans sur votre ordinateur Apple. 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