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.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">Indonesian Rock</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Stylistic origins</th><td class="infobox-data hlist"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music" title="Rock music">Rock music</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Rock_and_roll" title="Rock and roll">rock and roll</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_rock" title="Alternative rock">alternative rock</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Slow_rock" class="mw-redirect" title="Slow rock">slow rock</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Soft_rock" title="Soft rock">soft rock</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Hard_rock" title="Hard rock">hard rock</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Pop_rock" title="Pop rock">pop rock</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cultural origins</th><td class="infobox-data hlist">1950s <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Typical instruments</th><td class="infobox-data hlist">vocal, <a href="/wiki/Electric_bass" class="mw-redirect" title="Electric bass">electric bass</a>, <a href="/wiki/Electric_guitar" title="Electric guitar">electric guitar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Drum" title="Drum">drum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Keyboard_instrument" title="Keyboard instrument">keyboard</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Subgenres</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data hlist"><a href="/wiki/Indorock" title="Indorock">Indorock</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Indonesian rock</b> is <a href="/wiki/Rock_music" title="Rock music">rock music</a> from <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, a product of the culture and globalizing outlook of the country, similar to this genre's music globally.<sup id="cite_ref-rich_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rich-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Indonesian-specific ideas about <a href="/wiki/Individualism" title="Individualism">individualism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interdependency" class="mw-redirect" title="Interdependency">interdependency</a>, <a href="/wiki/Modernism" title="Modernism">modernism</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Supernatural" title="Supernatural">supernatural</a> have also been observed in the rock videos and music of the nation.<sup id="cite_ref-rich_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rich-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indonesian_rock&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1940s_-_1960s">1940s - 1960s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indonesian_rock&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 1940s - 1960s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rock music began to enter Indonesia around the 1950s during the western rock fever. However, the heyday of rock music in Indonesia was preceded by the band The Rolles (1967) with the genre of jazz rock music. They brought music with different concepts so that they were able to play with the tastes of music lovers at that time. The band was also able to survive and was still popular until the 1980s.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tielman_Brothers_Majalah_AKTUIL_Edisi_11_Tahun_1968.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Tielman_Brothers_Majalah_AKTUIL_Edisi_11_Tahun_1968.png/210px-Tielman_Brothers_Majalah_AKTUIL_Edisi_11_Tahun_1968.png" decoding="async" width="210" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Tielman_Brothers_Majalah_AKTUIL_Edisi_11_Tahun_1968.png/315px-Tielman_Brothers_Majalah_AKTUIL_Edisi_11_Tahun_1968.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Tielman_Brothers_Majalah_AKTUIL_Edisi_11_Tahun_1968.png/420px-Tielman_Brothers_Majalah_AKTUIL_Edisi_11_Tahun_1968.png 2x" data-file-width="772" data-file-height="535" /></a><figcaption>The Tielman Brothers became one of the pioneers of rock and roll music in Indonesia. Because of its wide influence abroad, especially the Netherlands and Germany, this group became the beginning of rock music in Indonesia as a whole.</figcaption></figure> <p>In that era, Indonesian-Dutch rock bands were also very popular, such as <a href="/wiki/Tielman_Brothers" title="Tielman Brothers">The Tielman Brothers</a>, which was founded in 1947 by several youths from Kupang (Reggy, Ponthon, Andy and Loulou Tielman). The band is generally seen as the founder of <a href="/wiki/Indorock" title="Indorock">Indorock</a>, although other Indorock bands have existed before them. Being ethnically Indonesian and playing Western music for white audiences in the Netherlands and Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During that time, <a href="/wiki/Dara_Puspita" title="Dara Puspita">Dara Puspita</a> emerged as a pop rock group consisting of women from Surabaya, Indonesia, which was active in the 1960s and early 1970s. The band was formed in 1964, with Titiek Rachman and his sister Lies on guitar. Apart from that, Ani Kusuma is a rhythm guitarist, and Susy Nander is a drummer. When Lies left the band for a month in 1965 to complete his education, his bass position was replaced by Titiek Hamzah. When Lies returned, Ani Kusuma left the band, and Lies became a rhythm guitarist. This female rock band was also influential in the early development of rock music in Indonesia. In fact, not only the rock scene, Indonesian pop was also quite influenced by the Dara Puspita band.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dara_Puspita%27s_Member_Holding_Glass_of_Beers_(from_Aktuil_Magazine_Issue_6th_1967).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Dara_Puspita%27s_Member_Holding_Glass_of_Beers_%28from_Aktuil_Magazine_Issue_6th_1967%29.jpg/170px-Dara_Puspita%27s_Member_Holding_Glass_of_Beers_%28from_Aktuil_Magazine_Issue_6th_1967%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="251" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Dara_Puspita%27s_Member_Holding_Glass_of_Beers_%28from_Aktuil_Magazine_Issue_6th_1967%29.jpg/255px-Dara_Puspita%27s_Member_Holding_Glass_of_Beers_%28from_Aktuil_Magazine_Issue_6th_1967%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Dara_Puspita%27s_Member_Holding_Glass_of_Beers_%28from_Aktuil_Magazine_Issue_6th_1967%29.jpg/340px-Dara_Puspita%27s_Member_Holding_Glass_of_Beers_%28from_Aktuil_Magazine_Issue_6th_1967%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="669" data-file-height="989" /></a><figcaption>Dara Puspita, Indonesian pop rock band with all female members</figcaption></figure> <p>In July 1968, the band left Indonesia, and toured to Europe and Asia, including West Germany, Hungary, England, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Spain, Iran, and Turkey. Touring for three years, before returning to Indonesia on 3 December 1971.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In this way, Dara Puspita also gained international popularity even though the support base was still larger in the local music scene.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1970s_-_1990s">1970s - 1990s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indonesian_rock&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1970s - 1990s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The development of rock music in Indonesia grew rapidly when rock bands such as <a href="/wiki/God_Bless" title="God Bless">God Bless</a>, Gang Pegangsaan, Giant Step and Rawa Rontek moved quickly to strengthen the rock music genre in Indonesia. Along with the development of rock music in Indonesia, the term "Underground" emerged to group bands with the concept of loud, wild and extreme music.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 1980s can be said to be the golden era of rock music in Indonesia because early 1988 became the first history in which rock music was performed directly in front of the public.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Then when slow rock music from Malaysia started to boom thanks to the appearance of the band <a href="/wiki/Search_(band)" title="Search (band)">Search</a> through the hit song "Isabela". So in Indonesia the slow rock genre began to gain wide popularity. An Indonesian musician who is famous for playing the slow rock genre is Deddy Dores. </p><p>In addition, there are also many works of Deddy Dores performed by <a href="/wiki/Nike_Ardilla" title="Nike Ardilla">Nike Ardilla</a>, Cony Dio, <a href="/wiki/Poppy_Mercury" title="Poppy Mercury">Poppy Mercury</a>, Mayank Sari. The pattern of Indonesian slow rock has also plagued other musicians or singers in Indonesia such as Oppie Andaresta, Minel, Inka Christy, Lady Avisha, Cut Irna, and others. The popularity of Indonesian slow rock occurred during the 1980s to 1990s. In that era, Indonesian Rock mostly had a mellow and sad music style<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The promoter who is familiarly called Log Zhelebour organized the Indonesian Rock Festival sponsored by <a href="/wiki/Djarum" title="Djarum">Djarum</a>. With this festival, many musicians and bands emerged from this festival. Singers and bands that have been handled by Log Zhelebour to develop their careers include Ita Purnamasari, Mel Shandy, Lady Avisha, Nicky Astria, Elpamas, Emperor, Power Metal, Gank Pegangsaan, Boomerang, and <a href="/wiki/Jamrud_(band)" title="Jamrud (band)">Jamrud</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slank" title="Slank">Slank</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dewa_19" title="Dewa 19">Dewa 19</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gigi_(Indonesian_band)" title="Gigi (Indonesian band)">Gigi</a>. Log Zhelebour influence on the Indonesian rock music scene stretched from 1984 to 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 90s also saw the emergence of indie rock bands. The initiator of <a href="/wiki/Independent_music" title="Independent music">indie music</a> emerged from Bandung with the concept of <a href="/wiki/Do_it_yourself" title="Do it yourself">D.I.Y.</a> or Do It Yourself through bands like PAS Band. Pas Band was officially founded in 1990. In 1993 it released an EP album on an indie label with its debut, Four Through The Sap. Apart from that, there were also other indie bands such as Pure Saturday, Koil, and Rumah Sakit.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2000s">2000s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indonesian_rock&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 2000s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Entering the third millennium, rock music in Indonesia has more variety. Apart from the legacy of independent music from the 1990s which has offered many new references, the various types of rock in the national realm are also intertwined with the symptoms of the development of rock music in the international world.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sheila_on_7.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Sheila_on_7.jpg/350px-Sheila_on_7.jpg" decoding="async" width="350" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Sheila_on_7.jpg/525px-Sheila_on_7.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Sheila_on_7.jpg/700px-Sheila_on_7.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2132" data-file-height="799" /></a><figcaption>Sheila on 7, Indonesian alternative rock band formed in 1996, gained huge popularity in the 2000s</figcaption></figure> <p>In this era, <a href="/wiki/Pop_rock" title="Pop rock">pop rock</a> music has inspired many bands and musicians on the Indonesian mainstream music scene. Especially after <a href="/wiki/Peterpan_(band)" class="mw-redirect" title="Peterpan (band)">Peterpan</a>, which carries a concept similar to <a href="/wiki/Britpop" title="Britpop">BritPop</a>, received widespread attention from music lovers in Indonesia. Several other bands that can also be said to have received the spotlight include Dr PM, <a href="/wiki/Ada_Band" class="mw-redirect" title="Ada Band">Ada Band</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nidji" title="Nidji">Nidji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ungu" title="Ungu">Ungu</a> and others. Meanwhile, previously, the symptoms had been visible through bands such as <a href="/wiki/Sheila_on_7" title="Sheila on 7">Sheila on 7</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cokelat" title="Cokelat">Cokelat</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Padi_(band)" title="Padi (band)">Padi</a>, who released their debut albums between 1999 and 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At this time the <a href="/wiki/Alternative_rock" title="Alternative rock">alternative rock</a> especially <a href="/wiki/Emo" title="Emo">emo rock</a> genre also began to grow in Indonesia. Bands that use the emo rock concept began to emerge, such as Seems Like Yesterday (2003), Alone At Last (2004), <a href="/wiki/Killing_Me_Inside" title="Killing Me Inside">Killing Me Inside</a> (2005), <a href="/wiki/Last_Child_(band)" title="Last Child (band)">Last Child</a> (2006), and Killed by Butterfly (2008).<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rock_festivals">Rock festivals</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indonesian_rock&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Rock festivals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Several regions in Indonesia also host many rock festivals. From small scale festivals to grand festivals. Generally rock festivals are held in big cities. </p><p>The following is a list of several rock festivals in Indonesia: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rock_in_Solo" class="mw-redirect" title="Rock in Solo">Rock in Solo</a> (<a href="/wiki/Surakarta" title="Surakarta">Solo/Surakarta</a>)</li> <li>Jogjarockarta (<a href="/wiki/Jogjakarta" class="mw-redirect" title="Jogjakarta">Jogjakarta</a>)</li> <li>Rock in Celebes (<a href="/wiki/Makassar" title="Makassar">Makassar</a>)</li> <li>Rock in Borneo (<a href="/wiki/Kutai_Kartanegara" class="mw-redirect" title="Kutai Kartanegara">Kutai Kartanegara</a>)</li> <li>Doomsday Open Air (<a href="/wiki/Bandung" title="Bandung">Bandung</a>)</li> <li>Voice Hell (<a href="/wiki/Purwokerto" title="Purwokerto">Purwokerto</a>)</li> <li>We the Fest (<a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a>)</li> <li>Gudfest (<a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a>)</li> <li>Java Rockin Land (<a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a>)</li> <li>Djarum Super Rock Festival (<a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a>)</li> <li>Soundrenaline (<a href="/wiki/Bali" title="Bali">Bali</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indonesian_rock&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indo_pop" title="Indo pop">Indo pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_heavy_metal" title="Indonesian heavy metal">Indonesian heavy metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_rock" title="Alternative rock">Alternative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turbo-folk" title="Turbo-folk">Turbo-folk</a>, presenting similarities with 90's Indonesian rock music.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Indonesia" title="Music of Indonesia">Music of Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_musicians" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Indonesian musicians">List of Indonesian musicians</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indonesian_rock&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-rich-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rich_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rich_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kacy Richmond <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biconews.com/?p=1836">Behind the Scenes: Indonesian Rock</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090108224628/http://www.biconews.com/?p=1836">Archived</a> 2009-01-08 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Bi-College News, March 1st, 2005 . 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sejarah+Musik+Emo+di+Indonesia%3A+Dari+Muncul%2C+Redup%2C+hingga+Bangkit+Lagi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhai.grid.id%2Fread%2F072478105%2Fsejarah-musik-emo-di-indonesia-dari-muncul-redup-hingga-bangkit-lagi%3Fpage%3Dall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndonesian+rock" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output 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class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Angola" title="Rock music in Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desert_blues" title="Desert blues">Sahara desert region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamrock" title="Zamrock">Zambia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentine_rock" title="Argentine rock">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_rock" title="Brazilian rock">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_of_Canada" title="Rock music of Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_rock" title="Chilean rock">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombian_rock" title="Colombian rock">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Costa_Rica#Rock_music" title="Music of Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_rock" title="Cuban rock">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_rock" title="Dominican rock">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_rock" title="Haitian rock">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Mexico" title="Rock music in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peruvian_rock" title="Peruvian rock">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Rock music in Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_rock" title="American rock">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruguayan_rock" title="Uruguayan rock">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuelan_rock" title="Venezuelan rock">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_rock" title="Armenian rock">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_rock" title="Azerbaijani rock">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_rock" title="Bangladeshi rock">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodian_rock_(1960s%E2%80%931970s)" title="Cambodian rock (1960s–1970s)">Cambodia (1959-1975)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_rock" title="Chinese rock">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_rock" title="Indian rock">India</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_of_West_Bengal" class="mw-redirect" title="Rock music of West Bengal">Bengali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raga_rock" title="Raga rock">Raga</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_rock" title="Iranian rock">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_rock" title="Israeli rock">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_rock" title="Japanese rock">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_rock" title="Korean rock">Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_rock" title="Malaysian rock">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepalese_rock" title="Nepalese rock">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_rock" title="Pakistani rock">Pakistan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sufi_rock" title="Sufi rock">Sufi</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinoy_rock" title="Pinoy rock">Philippines</a> (<a href="/wiki/BisRock" class="mw-redirect" title="BisRock">Visayas</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_rock" title="Taiwanese rock">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_rock" title="Thai rock">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_rock_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Vietnamese rock music">Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Albania" title="Rock music in Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Belarus" title="Rock music in Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Belgium" title="Rock music in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Rock music in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Croatia#Rock" title="Music of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Denmark" title="Rock music in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Estonia" title="Rock music in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Finland" title="Rock music in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_France" title="Rock music in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Germany" title="Rock music in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Greece" title="Rock music in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Hungary" title="Rock music in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Iceland" title="Rock music in Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Ireland" title="Rock music in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Italy" title="Rock music in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Latvia" title="Rock music in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Lithuania" title="Rock music in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_the_Netherlands" title="Rock music in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Norway" title="Rock music in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Poland" title="Rock music in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Portugal" title="Rock music in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Romania" title="Rock music in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Russia" title="Rock music in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Serbia" title="Rock music in Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Slovenia" title="Rock music in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Spain" title="Rock music in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_music_in_Sweden" title="Popular music in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Switzerland" title="Rock music in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="Rock music in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Ukraine" title="Rock music in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_rock_music" title="British rock music">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_music_in_Yugoslavia" title="Popular music in Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Australia" title="Rock music in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_New_Zealand" title="Rock music in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" 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