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interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tri%C3%A1sicu_Mediu" title="Triásicu Mediu – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Triásicu Mediu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitteltrias" title="Mitteltrias – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mitteltrias" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tri%C3%A1sico_Medio" title="Triásico Medio – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Triásico Medio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erdi_Triasiko" title="Erdi Triasiko – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Erdi Triasiko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87" title="تریاس میانه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تریاس میانه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trias_moyen" title="Trias moyen – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Trias moyen" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trias_Tengah" title="Trias Tengah – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Trias Tengah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triassico_medio" title="Triassico medio – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Triassico medio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%90%D7%A1_%D7%AA%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%9F" title="טריאס תיכון – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טריאס תיכון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triassicum_medium" title="Triassicum medium – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Triassicum medium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6z%C3%A9ps%C5%91_tri%C3%A1sz" title="Középső triász – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Középső triász" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trias_Tengah" title="Trias Tengah – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Trias Tengah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%9C%9F%E4%B8%89%E7%95%B3%E7%B4%80" title="中期三畳紀 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="中期三畳紀" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mellomtrias" title="Mellomtrias – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Mellomtrias" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trias_%C5%9Brodkowy" title="Trias środkowy – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Trias środkowy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tri%C3%A1ssico_M%C3%A9dio" title="Triássico Médio – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Triássico Médio" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Triassic" title="Middle Triassic – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Middle Triassic" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Srednji_trijas" title="Srednji trijas – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Srednji trijas" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keskitriaskausi" title="Keskitriaskausi – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Keskitriaskausi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mellersta_trias" title="Mellersta trias – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mellersta trias" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B9_%D1%82%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Середній тріас – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Середній тріас" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trias_gi%E1%BB%AFa" title="Trias giữa – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Trias giữa" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%89%E5%8F%A0%E4%B8%96" title="中三叠世 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="中三叠世" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Second epoch of the Triassic period</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Middle_Triassic" title="Special:EditPage/Middle Triassic">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Middle+Triassic%22">"Middle Triassic"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Middle+Triassic%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Middle+Triassic%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Middle+Triassic%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Middle+Triassic%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Middle+Triassic%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:23em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="padding:0.25em 0.33em 0.33em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:1.25em;background:rgb(177,104,177);">Middle Triassic</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><span class="noprint"><span style="display:inline-block;"></span><span style="display:inline-block;">247.2 – ~237 <a href="/wiki/Year#SI_prefix_multipliers" title="Year">Ma</a></span> <span style="display:inline-block;"></span><div id="Timeline-row" style="margin: 4px auto 0; clear:both; width:220px; padding:0px; height:18px; overflow:visible; white-space:nowrap; border:1px #666; border-style:solid none; position:relative; z-index:0; font-size:97%;"> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; left:0px; width:207.23076923077px; padding-left:5px; text-align:left; background-color:rgb(254,217,106); background-image: linear-gradient(to right, rgba(255,255,255,1), rgba(254,217,106,1) 15%, rgba(254,217,106,1));"><a href="/wiki/Precambrian" title="Precambrian">PreꞒ</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(127,160,86); left:37.636923076923px; width:18.073846153846px;"><a href="/wiki/Cambrian" title="Cambrian">Ꞓ</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(0,146,112); left:55.710769230769px; width:14.08px;"><a href="/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician">O</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(179,225,182); left:69.790769230769px; width:8.3261538461539px;"><a href="/wiki/Silurian" title="Silurian">S</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(203,140,55); left:78.116923076923px; width:20.409230769231px;"><a href="/wiki/Devonian" title="Devonian">D</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(103,165,153); left:98.526153846154px; width:20.307692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/Carboniferous" title="Carboniferous">C</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(240,64,40); left:118.83384615385px; width:15.907015384615px;"><a href="/wiki/Permian" title="Permian">P</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(129,43,146); left:134.74086153846px; width:17.092984615385px;"><a href="/wiki/Triassic" title="Triassic">T</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(52,178,201); left:151.83384615385px; width:19.089230769231px;"><a href="/wiki/Jurassic" title="Jurassic">J</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(127,198,78); left:170.92307692308px; width:26.738461538462px;"><a href="/wiki/Cretaceous" title="Cretaceous">K</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(253,154,82); left:197.66153846154px; width:14.543692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/Paleogene" title="Paleogene">Pg</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(255,230,25); left:212.20523076923px; width:6.9215384615385px;"><a href="/wiki/Neogene" title="Neogene">N</a></div> <div id="end-border" style="position:absolute; height:100%; background-color:#666; width:1px; left:219px"></div><div style="margin:0 auto; line-height:0; clear:both; width:220px; padding:0px; height:8px; overflow:visible; background-color:transparent; position:relative; top:-4px; z-index:100;"><div style="position:absolute; height:8px; left:136.33230769231px; width:3.4523076923077px; background-color:#360; opacity:0.42;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:8px; left:136.33230769231px; width:3.4523076923077px; background-color:#360; opacity:1;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:6px; top:1px; left:137.33230769231px; width:1.4523076923077px; background-color:#6c3;"></div> </div> </div></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mollweide_Paleographic_Map_of_Earth,_240_Ma_(Ladinian_Age).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Mollweide_Paleographic_Map_of_Earth%2C_240_Ma_%28Ladinian_Age%29.png/250px-Mollweide_Paleographic_Map_of_Earth%2C_240_Ma_%28Ladinian_Age%29.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Mollweide_Paleographic_Map_of_Earth%2C_240_Ma_%28Ladinian_Age%29.png/375px-Mollweide_Paleographic_Map_of_Earth%2C_240_Ma_%28Ladinian_Age%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Mollweide_Paleographic_Map_of_Earth%2C_240_Ma_%28Ladinian_Age%29.png/500px-Mollweide_Paleographic_Map_of_Earth%2C_240_Ma_%28Ladinian_Age%29.png 2x" data-file-width="3610" data-file-height="1810" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">A map of Earth as it appeared 240 million years ago during the Middle Triassic Epoch, Ladinian Age</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Obere_Schaumkalkbank_am_Altenberg_bei_D%C3%B6rzbach_280308.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Obere_Schaumkalkbank_am_Altenberg_bei_D%C3%B6rzbach_280308.jpg/250px-Obere_Schaumkalkbank_am_Altenberg_bei_D%C3%B6rzbach_280308.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Obere_Schaumkalkbank_am_Altenberg_bei_D%C3%B6rzbach_280308.jpg/375px-Obere_Schaumkalkbank_am_Altenberg_bei_D%C3%B6rzbach_280308.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Obere_Schaumkalkbank_am_Altenberg_bei_D%C3%B6rzbach_280308.jpg/500px-Obere_Schaumkalkbank_am_Altenberg_bei_D%C3%B6rzbach_280308.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="1875" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Middle Triassic aged <a href="/wiki/Muschelkalk" title="Muschelkalk">Muschelkalk</a> (Schaumkalk) in <a href="/wiki/Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Baden-Württemberg">Baden-Württemberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ededed;">Chronology</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="font-size:14px"><table id="Container" role="presentation" class="toccolours searchaux" style="text-align:left;padding:0 0.5em;border-style:none;margin:auto;overflow:hidden;min-width:25.65em"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td id="Scale" style="padding:0;margin:0.7em 0 0.7em 0;width:4.2em;position:relative;float:left;font-size:100%;height:38em;border-right:1px solid #242020"><div style="float:right;position:absolute;right:-1px;top:37.96em;transform:translateY(-50%)"><span style="font-size:90%">−255 —</span></div><div style="float:right;position:absolute;right:-1px;top:36.29em;transform:translateY(-50%)"><span style="font-size:90%">–</span></div><div style="float:right;position:absolute;right:-1px;top:34.62em;transform:translateY(-50%)"><span style="font-size:90%">−250 —</span></div><div style="float:right;position:absolute;right:-1px;top:32.94em;transform:translateY(-50%)"><span style="font-size:90%">–</span></div><div style="float:right;position:absolute;right:-1px;top:31.27em;transform:translateY(-50%)"><span style="font-size:90%">−245 —</span></div><div style="float:right;position:absolute;right:-1px;top:29.60em;transform:translateY(-50%)"><span style="font-size:90%">–</span></div><div style="float:right;position:absolute;right:-1px;top:27.93em;transform:translateY(-50%)"><span style="font-size:90%">−240 —</span></div><div style="float:right;position:absolute;right:-1px;top:26.26em;transform:translateY(-50%)"><span style="font-size:90%">–</span></div><div style="float:right;position:absolute;right:-1px;top:24.58em;transform:translateY(-50%)"><span style="font-size:90%">−235 —</span></div><div style="float:right;position:absolute;right:-1px;top:22.91em;transform:translateY(-50%)"><span style="font-size:90%">–</span></div><div style="float:right;position:absolute;right:-1px;top:21.24em;transform:translateY(-50%)"><span style="font-size:90%">−230 —</span></div><div style="float:right;position:absolute;right:-1px;top:19.57em;transform:translateY(-50%)"><span style="font-size:90%">–</span></div><div style="float:right;position:absolute;right:-1px;top:17.90em;transform:translateY(-50%)"><span style="font-size:90%">−225 —</span></div><div style="float:right;position:absolute;right:-1px;top:16.22em;transform:translateY(-50%)"><span style="font-size:90%">–</span></div><div style="float:right;position:absolute;right:-1px;top:14.55em;transform:translateY(-50%)"><span style="font-size:90%">−220 —</span></div><div style="float:right;position:absolute;right:-1px;top:12.88em;transform:translateY(-50%)"><span style="font-size:90%">–</span></div><div style="float:right;position:absolute;right:-1px;top:11.21em;transform:translateY(-50%)"><span style="font-size:90%">−215 —</span></div><div style="float:right;position:absolute;right:-1px;top:9.54em;transform:translateY(-50%)"><span style="font-size:90%">–</span></div><div style="float:right;position:absolute;right:-1px;top:7.86em;transform:translateY(-50%)"><span style="font-size:90%">−210 —</span></div><div style="float:right;position:absolute;right:-1px;top:6.19em;transform:translateY(-50%)"><span style="font-size:90%">–</span></div><div style="float:right;position:absolute;right:-1px;top:4.52em;transform:translateY(-50%)"><span style="font-size:90%">−205 —</span></div><div style="float:right;position:absolute;right:-1px;top:2.85em;transform:translateY(-50%)"><span style="font-size:90%">–</span></div><div style="float:right;position:absolute;right:-1px;top:1.17em;transform:translateY(-50%)"><span style="font-size:90%">−200 —</span></div></td><td id="Timeline" class="toccolours notheme" style="padding:0px;margin:0.7em 0 0.7em 0;position:relative;font-size:100%;width:9.5em;height:38em;float:left;border:none;background-color:#000000"><div class="notheme" style="font-size:100%;background-color:rgb(153,192,141);border-style:none none;position:absolute;text-align:center;margin:0;padding:0;top:35.889em;height:2.111em;left:0.000em;width:1.045em"><div class="notheme" style="position:relative;text-align:center;font-size:95%;vertical-align:middle;display:block;bottom:-1.055em;transform:translateY(-50%);z-index:5"><b><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1231500821">@supports(writing-mode:vertical-lr){.mw-parser-output .ts-vertical-text{letter-spacing:-0.12em;line-height:1em;text-orientation:upright;writing-mode:vertical-lr;width:1em}}</style><span class="ts-vertical-text" style=""><a href="/wiki/Paleozoic" title="Paleozoic">Pz</a></span></b></div></div><div class="notheme" style="font-size:100%;background-color:rgb(103,197,202);border-style:none none;position:absolute;text-align:center;margin:0;padding:0;top:0.000em;height:35.889em;left:0.000em;width:1.045em"><div class="notheme" style="position:relative;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;display:block;bottom:-17.945em;transform:translateY(-50%);z-index:5"><b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1231500821"><span class="ts-vertical-text" style=""><a href="/wiki/Mesozoic" title="Mesozoic">Mesozoic</a></span></b></div></div><div class="notheme" style="font-size:100%;background-color:rgb(240,64,40);border-width:0em;border-style:solid none;position:absolute;text-align:center;margin:0;padding:0;top:35.889em;height:2.111em;left:1.140em;width:1.045em"><div class="notheme" style="position:relative;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;display:block;bottom:-1.055em;transform:translateY(-50%);z-index:5"><b><a href="/wiki/Permian" title="Permian">P</a></b></div></div><div class="notheme" style="font-size:100%;background-color:rgb(129,43,146);border-width:0em;border-style:solid none;position:absolute;text-align:center;margin:0;padding:0;top:2.111em;height:33.778em;left:1.140em;width:1.045em"><div class="notheme" style="position:relative;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;display:block;bottom:-16.889em;transform:translateY(-50%);z-index:5"><b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1231500821"><span class="ts-vertical-text" style=""><a href="/wiki/Triassic" title="Triassic"><span style="color:white;">Triassic</span></a></span></b></div></div><div class="notheme" style="font-size:100%;background-color:rgb(52,178,201);border-width:0em;border-style:solid none;position:absolute;text-align:center;margin:0;padding:0;top:0.000em;height:2.111em;left:1.140em;width:1.045em"><div class="notheme" style="position:relative;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;display:block;bottom:-1.055em;transform:translateY(-50%);z-index:5"><b><a href="/wiki/Jurassic" title="Jurassic">J</a></b></div></div><div class="notheme" style="font-size:100%;background-color:rgb(251,167,148);border-style:none none;position:absolute;text-align:center;margin:0;padding:0;top:35.889em;height:2.111em;left:2.280em;width:7.220em"><div class="notheme" style="position:relative;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;display:block;bottom:-1.055em;transform:translateY(-50%);z-index:5"><a href="/wiki/Lopingian" title="Lopingian">Lopingian</a></div></div><div class="notheme" style="font-size:100%;background-color:rgb(152,57,153);border-width:0em;border-style:solid none;position:absolute;text-align:center;margin:0;padding:0;top:32.744em;height:3.145em;left:2.280em;width:1.045em"><div class="notheme" style="position:relative;text-align:center;font-size:95%;vertical-align:middle;display:block;bottom:-1.572em;transform:translateY(-50%);z-index:5"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1231500821"><span class="ts-vertical-text" style=""><a href="/wiki/Early_Triassic" title="Early Triassic"><span style="color:white;">Early</span></a></span></div></div><div class="notheme" style="font-size:100%;background-color:rgb(177,104,177);border-width:0.05em;border-style:solid none;position:absolute;text-align:center;margin:0;padding:0;top:25.922em;height:6.722em;left:2.280em;width:1.045em"><div class="notheme" style="position:relative;text-align:center;font-size:95%;vertical-align:middle;display:block;bottom:-3.361em;transform:translateY(-50%);z-index:5"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1231500821"><span class="ts-vertical-text" style=""><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span style="color:white;">Middle</span></a></span></div></div><div class="notheme" style="font-size:100%;background-color:rgb(189,140,195);border-width:0em;border-style:solid none;position:absolute;text-align:center;margin:0;padding:0;top:2.111em;height:23.811em;left:2.280em;width:1.045em"><div class="notheme" style="position:relative;text-align:center;font-size:95%;vertical-align:middle;display:block;bottom:-11.906em;transform:translateY(-50%);z-index:5"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1231500821"><span class="ts-vertical-text" style=""><a href="/wiki/Late_Triassic" title="Late Triassic"><span style="color:white;">Late</span></a></span></div></div><div class="notheme" style="font-size:100%;background-color:rgb(66,174,208);border-style:none none;position:absolute;text-align:center;margin:0;padding:0;top:0.000em;height:2.111em;left:2.280em;width:7.220em"><div class="notheme" style="position:relative;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;display:block;bottom:-1.055em;transform:translateY(-50%);z-index:5"><a href="/wiki/Early_Jurassic" title="Early Jurassic"><span style="line-height:11px;display:block;color:white">Early J</span></a></div></div><div class="notheme" style="font-size:100%;background-color:rgb(176,81,165);border-width:0em;border-style:solid none;position:absolute;text-align:center;margin:0;padding:0;top:32.744em;height:2.675em;left:3.420em;width:6.080em"><div class="notheme" style="position:relative;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;display:block;bottom:-1.338em;transform:translateY(-50%);z-index:5"><a href="/wiki/Olenekian" title="Olenekian"><span style="color:white">Olenekian</span></a></div></div><div class="notheme" style="font-size:100%;background-color:rgb(164,70,159);border-width:0.05em;border-style:solid none;position:absolute;text-align:center;margin:0;padding:0;top:35.420em;height:0.370em;left:3.420em;width:6.080em"><div class="notheme" style="position:relative;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;display:block;bottom:-0.185em;transform:translateY(-50%);z-index:5"><a href="/wiki/Induan" title="Induan"><span style="color:white">Induan</span></a></div></div><div class="notheme" style="font-size:100%;background-color:rgb(188,117,183);border-width:0.05em;border-style:solid none;position:absolute;text-align:center;margin:0;padding:0;top:29.266em;height:3.378em;left:3.420em;width:6.080em"><div class="notheme" style="position:relative;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;display:block;bottom:-1.689em;transform:translateY(-50%);z-index:5"><a href="/wiki/Anisian" title="Anisian"><span style="color:white">Anisian</span></a></div></div><div class="notheme" style="font-size:100%;background-color:rgb(201,131,191);border-width:0em;border-style:solid none;position:absolute;text-align:center;margin:0;padding:0;top:25.922em;height:3.344em;left:3.420em;width:6.080em"><div class="notheme" style="position:relative;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;display:block;bottom:-1.672em;transform:translateY(-50%);z-index:5"><a href="/wiki/Ladinian" title="Ladinian"><span style="color:white">Ladinian</span></a></div></div><div class="notheme" style="font-size:100%;background-color:rgb(201,155,203);border-width:0em;border-style:solid none;position:absolute;text-align:center;margin:0;padding:0;top:19.233em;height:6.688em;left:3.420em;width:6.080em"><div class="notheme" style="position:relative;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;display:block;bottom:-3.344em;transform:translateY(-50%);z-index:5"><a href="/wiki/Carnian" title="Carnian"><span style="color:">Carnian</span></a></div></div><div class="notheme" style="font-size:100%;background-color:rgb(214,170,211);border-width:0.05em;border-style:solid none;position:absolute;text-align:center;margin:0;padding:0;top:6.860em;height:12.274em;left:3.420em;width:6.080em"><div class="notheme" style="position:relative;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;display:block;bottom:-6.137em;transform:translateY(-50%);z-index:5"><a href="/wiki/Norian" title="Norian"><span style="color:">Norian</span></a></div></div><div class="notheme" style="font-size:100%;background-color:rgb(227,185,219);border-width:0em;border-style:solid none;position:absolute;text-align:center;margin:0;padding:0;top:2.111em;height:4.749em;left:3.420em;width:6.080em"><div class="notheme" style="position:relative;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;display:block;bottom:-2.374em;transform:translateY(-50%);z-index:5"><a href="/wiki/Rhaetian" title="Rhaetian"><span style="color:">Rhaetian</span></a></div></div><div class="notheme" style="font-size:100%;background-color:#000000;border-style:none none;position:absolute;text-align:center;margin:0;padding:0;top:25.922em;height:0.033em;left:3.230em;width:6.270em"><div class="notheme" style="position:relative;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;display:block;bottom:-0.017em;transform:translateY(-50%);z-index:5"> </div></div><div class="notheme" style="font-size:100%;background-color:#000000;border-style:none none;position:absolute;text-align:center;margin:0;padding:0;top:35.889em;height:0.033em;left:0.000em;width:9.500em"><div class="notheme" style="position:relative;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;display:block;bottom:-0.017em;transform:translateY(-50%);z-index:5"> </div></div><div class="notheme" style="font-size:100%;background-color:#000000;border-style:none none;position:absolute;text-align:center;margin:0;padding:0;top:2.111em;height:0.067em;left:0.950em;width:8.550em"><div class="notheme" style="position:relative;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;display:block;bottom:-0.033em;transform:translateY(-50%);z-index:5"> </div></div><div class="notheme" style="font-size:100%;background-color:#000000;border-style:none none;position:absolute;text-align:center;margin:0;padding:0;top:0.000em;height:38.000em;left:9.405em;width:0.095em"><div class="notheme" style="position:relative;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;display:block;bottom:-19.000em;transform:translateY(-50%);z-index:5"> </div></div></td><td id="Annotations" style="padding:0;margin:0.7em 0 0.7em 0;float:left;position:relative;width:10.25em;height:38em"><table role="presentation" style="position:absolute;z-index:15;top:35.889em;left:0em;transform:translateY(-50%);padding:0;margin:0;font-size:100%"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:0;text-align:left;vertical-align:middle"><span style="color:var( --color-base, #000)">←</span></td><td style="padding:0;text-align:left;vertical-align:middle"><div style="z-index:10;font-size:75%;color:var( --color-base, #000);display:block;line-height:105%;bottom:0"><a href="/wiki/Permian%E2%80%93Triassic_extinction_event" title="Permian–Triassic extinction event">Permian-Triassic extinction event</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table role="presentation" style="position:absolute;z-index:15;top:34.216em;left:0em;transform:translateY(-50%);padding:0;margin:0;font-size:100%"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:0;text-align:left;vertical-align:middle"><span style="color:var( --color-base, #000)">←</span></td><td style="padding:0;text-align:left;vertical-align:middle"><div style="z-index:10;font-size:75%;color:var( --color-base, #000);display:block;line-height:105%;bottom:0"><a href="/wiki/Olenekian#Smithian–Spathian_boundary_event" title="Olenekian">Smithian–Spathian boundary event</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table role="presentation" style="position:absolute;z-index:15;top:23.915em;left:0em;transform:translateY(-50%);padding:0;margin:0;font-size:100%"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:0;text-align:left;vertical-align:middle"><span style="color:var( --color-base, #000)">←</span></td><td style="padding:0;text-align:left;vertical-align:middle"><div style="z-index:10;font-size:75%;color:var( --color-base, #000);display:block;line-height:105%;bottom:0"><a href="/wiki/Carnian_pluvial_episode" title="Carnian pluvial episode">Carnian pluvial episode</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table role="presentation" style="position:absolute;z-index:15;top:31.942em;left:0em;transform:translateY(-50%);padding:0;margin:0;font-size:100%"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:0;text-align:left;vertical-align:middle"><span style="color:var( --color-base, #000)">←</span></td><td style="padding:0;text-align:left;vertical-align:middle"><div style="z-index:10;font-size:75%;color:var( --color-base, #000);display:block;line-height:105%;bottom:0"><span style="line-height:10px;display:block;">Full recovery of woody trees<sup id="cite_ref-McElwain2007_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McElwain2007-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table role="presentation" style="position:absolute;z-index:15;top:29.935em;left:0em;transform:translateY(-50%);padding:0;margin:0;font-size:100%"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:0;text-align:left;vertical-align:middle"><span style="color:var( --color-base, #000)">←</span></td><td style="padding:0;text-align:left;vertical-align:middle"><div style="z-index:10;font-size:75%;color:var( --color-base, #000);display:block;line-height:105%;bottom:0">Coals return<sup id="cite_ref-Retallack1996_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Retallack1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table role="presentation" style="position:absolute;z-index:15;top:27.928em;left:0em;transform:translateY(-50%);padding:0;margin:0;font-size:100%"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:0;text-align:left;vertical-align:middle"><span style="color:var( --color-base, #000)">←</span></td><td style="padding:0;text-align:left;vertical-align:middle"><div style="z-index:10;font-size:75%;color:var( --color-base, #000);display:block;line-height:105%;bottom:0"><span style="line-height:10px;display:block;"><a href="/wiki/Scleractinia" title="Scleractinia">Scleractinian</a><br />corals & calcified sponges<sup id="cite_ref-Payne2004_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Payne2004-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table role="presentation" style="position:absolute;z-index:15;top:2.111em;left:0em;transform:translateY(-50%);padding:0;margin:0;font-size:100%"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:0;text-align:left;vertical-align:middle"><span style="color:var( --color-base, #000)">←</span></td><td style="padding:0;text-align:left;vertical-align:middle"><div style="z-index:10;font-size:75%;color:var( --color-base, #000);display:block;line-height:105%;bottom:0"><a href="/wiki/Triassic%E2%80%93Jurassic_extinction_event" title="Triassic–Jurassic extinction event">Triassic–Jurassic extinction event</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table role="presentation" style="position:absolute;z-index:15;top:11.475em;left:0em;transform:translateY(-50%);padding:0;margin:0;font-size:100%"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:0;text-align:left;vertical-align:middle"><span style="color:var( --color-base, #000)">←</span></td><td style="padding:0;text-align:left;vertical-align:middle"><div style="z-index:10;font-size:75%;color:var( --color-base, #000);display:block;line-height:105%;bottom:0"><a href="/wiki/Manicouagan_Reservoir#Impact_crater" title="Manicouagan Reservoir">Manicouagan impact</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td id="Caption" colspan="3" style="padding:0;margin:0 0.2em 0.7em 0.2em"><div id="Caption" class="toccolours" style="margin:0 auto;float:left;border-style:none;clear:both;text-align:center;width:22.5em"><b>Subdivision of the Triassic according to the <a href="/wiki/International_Commission_on_Stratigraphy" title="International Commission on Stratigraphy">ICS</a>, as of 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></b><br />Vertical axis scale: millions of years ago.<br /></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ededed;">Etymology</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:10em;">Name formality</th><td class="infobox-data">Formal</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ededed;">Usage information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:10em;">Celestial body</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Geological_history_of_Earth" title="Geological history of Earth">Earth</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:10em;">Regional usage</th><td class="infobox-data">Global (<a href="/wiki/International_Commission_on_Stratigraphy" title="International Commission on Stratigraphy">ICS</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:10em;">Time scale(s) used</th><td class="infobox-data">ICS Time Scale</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ededed;">Definition</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:10em;">Chronological unit</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Epoch_(geology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Epoch (geology)">Epoch</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:10em;">Stratigraphic unit</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Series_(stratigraphy)" title="Series (stratigraphy)">Series</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:10em;">Time span formality</th><td class="infobox-data">Formal</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:10em;">Lower boundary definition</th><td class="infobox-data">Not formally defined</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:10em;">Lower boundary definition candidates</th><td class="infobox-data"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_appearance_datum" title="First appearance datum">FAD</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Conodont" title="Conodont">Conodont</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Chiosella" title="Chiosella">Chiosella timorensis</a></i></li> <li>Base of <a href="/wiki/Chronozone" title="Chronozone">magnetic zone</a> MT1n</li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:10em;">Lower boundary GSSP candidate section(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Desli_Caira&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Desli Caira (page does not exist)">Desli Caira</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northern_Dobruja" title="Northern Dobruja">Northern Dobruja</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guandao" title="Guandao">Guandao</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guizhou" title="Guizhou">Guizhou</a>, <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:10em;">Upper boundary definition</th><td class="infobox-data">FAD of the <a href="/wiki/Ammonite" class="mw-redirect" title="Ammonite">Ammonite</a> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daxatina_canadensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daxatina canadensis (page does not exist)">Daxatina canadensis</a></i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:10em;">Upper boundary GSSP</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prati_di_Stuores&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prati di Stuores (page does not exist)">Prati di Stuores</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dolomites" title="Dolomites">Dolomites</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a><br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Middle_Triassic&params=46.5269_N_11.9303_E_"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">46°31′37″N</span> <span class="longitude">11°55′49″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">46.5269°N 11.9303°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">46.5269; 11.9303</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:10em;">Upper GSSP ratified</th><td class="infobox-data">2008<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Geologic_timescale" class="mw-redirect" title="Geologic timescale">geologic timescale</a>, the <b>Middle Triassic</b> is the second of three <a href="/wiki/Epoch_(geology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Epoch (geology)">epochs</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Triassic" title="Triassic">Triassic</a> <a href="/wiki/Period_(geology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Period (geology)">period</a> or the middle of three <a href="/wiki/Series_(stratigraphy)" title="Series (stratigraphy)">series</a> in which the Triassic <a href="/wiki/System_(stratigraphy)" title="System (stratigraphy)">system</a> is divided in <a href="/wiki/Chronostratigraphy" title="Chronostratigraphy">chronostratigraphy</a>. The Middle Triassic spans the time between 247.2 <a href="/wiki/Annum" class="mw-redirect" title="Annum">Ma</a> and 237 Ma (million years ago). It is preceded by the <a href="/wiki/Early_Triassic" title="Early Triassic">Early Triassic</a> Epoch and followed by the <a href="/wiki/Late_Triassic" title="Late Triassic">Late Triassic</a> Epoch. The Middle Triassic is divided into the <a href="/wiki/Anisian" title="Anisian">Anisian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ladinian" title="Ladinian">Ladinian</a> <a href="/wiki/Age_(geology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Age (geology)">ages</a> or <a href="/wiki/Stage_(stratigraphy)" title="Stage (stratigraphy)">stages</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="Citation needed for the entire above section, where none are provided (February 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Formerly the middle series in the Triassic was also known as <a href="/wiki/Muschelkalk" title="Muschelkalk">Muschelkalk</a>. This name is now only used for a specific unit of <a href="/wiki/Stratum" title="Stratum">rock strata</a> with approximately Middle Triassic age, found in western Europe.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="Citation needed for the entire above section, where none are provided (February 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Middle_Triassic_life">Middle Triassic life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_Triassic&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Middle Triassic life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main page: <a href="/wiki/Category:Middle_Triassic_life" title="Category:Middle Triassic life">Category:Middle Triassic life</a></div> <p>Following the <a href="/wiki/Permian%E2%80%93Triassic_extinction_event" title="Permian–Triassic extinction event">Permian–Triassic extinction event</a>, the most devastating of all mass-extinctions, life recovered slowly. In the Middle Triassic, many groups of organisms reached higher diversity again, such as the marine <a href="/wiki/Reptiles" class="mw-redirect" title="Reptiles">reptiles</a> (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Ichthyosaurs" class="mw-redirect" title="Ichthyosaurs">ichthyosaurs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sauropterygians" class="mw-redirect" title="Sauropterygians">sauropterygians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thallatosaur" class="mw-redirect" title="Thallatosaur">thallatosaurs</a>), <a href="/wiki/Actinopterygii" title="Actinopterygii">ray-finned fish</a> and many <a href="/wiki/Invertebrate" title="Invertebrate">invertebrate</a> groups like <a href="/wiki/Mollusc" class="mw-redirect" title="Mollusc">molluscs</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ammonoids" class="mw-redirect" title="Ammonoids">ammonoids</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bivalves" class="mw-redirect" title="Bivalves">bivalves</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gastropods" class="mw-redirect" title="Gastropods">gastropods</a>).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="Citation needed for the entire above section, where none are provided (February 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>During the Middle Triassic, there were no flowering plants, but instead there were ferns and mosses. Small dinosauriforms began to appear, like <i><a href="/wiki/Nyasasaurus" title="Nyasasaurus">Nyasasaurus</a></i> and the ichnogenus <i><a href="/wiki/Iranosauripus" title="Iranosauripus">Iranosauripus</a></i>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="Citation needed for the entire above section, where none are provided (February 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mixosaurus_BW.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mixosaurus cornalianus restoration, a Middle Triassic ichthyosaur"><img alt="Mixosaurus cornalianus restoration, a Middle Triassic ichthyosaur" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Mixosaurus_BW.jpg/120px-Mixosaurus_BW.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Mixosaurus_BW.jpg/180px-Mixosaurus_BW.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Mixosaurus_BW.jpg/240px-Mixosaurus_BW.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="251" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Mixosaurus#Mixosaurus_cornalianus" title="Mixosaurus">Mixosaurus cornalianus</a></i> restoration, a Middle Triassic ichthyosaur</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_Triassic&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style 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no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output 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<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stratigraphy.org/geowhen/stages/Middle_Triassic.html">GeoWhen Database - Middle Triassic</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Triassic_Period" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #ffffff; border-style:solid; border-width: 2px 2.7em; border-color: rgb(129,43,146);"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Triassic_footer" title="Template:Triassic footer"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Triassic_footer" title="Template talk:Triassic footer"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Triassic_footer" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Triassic footer"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Triassic_Period" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Triassic" title="Triassic">Triassic Period</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-off hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;border: none;;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;border-collapse: collapse;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="font-weight:bold;background-color: #ffffff; border-style:solid; border-width: 0 2px 2px 2px; border-color:rgb(129,43,146); text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Early_Triassic" title="Early Triassic">Lower/Early Triassic</a></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;background-color: #ffffff; border-style:solid; border-width: 0 2px 2px 2px; border-color:rgb(129,43,146); text-align:center;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Middle Triassic</a></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;background-color: #ffffff; border-style:solid; border-width: 0 2px 2px 2px; border-color:rgb(129,43,146); text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Late_Triassic" title="Late Triassic">Upper/Late Triassic</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;background-color: #ffffff; border-style:solid; border-width: 2px 0 0 0; border-color:rgb(129,43,146); text-align:center;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Induan" title="Induan">Induan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olenekian" title="Olenekian">Olenekian</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;background-color: #ffffff; border-style:solid; border-width: 2px 0 0 0; border-color:rgb(129,43,146); text-align:center;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anisian" title="Anisian">Anisian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ladinian" title="Ladinian">Ladinian</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;background-color: #ffffff; border-style:solid; border-width: 2px 0 0 0; border-color:rgb(129,43,146); text-align:center;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carnian" title="Carnian">Carnian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norian" title="Norian">Norian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhaetian" title="Rhaetian">Rhaetian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Geological_history_of_Earth" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Geological_history_of_Earth" title="Template:Geological history of Earth"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Geological_history_of_Earth" title="Template talk:Geological history of Earth"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Geological_history_of_Earth" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Geological history of Earth"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Geological_history_of_Earth" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Geological_history_of_Earth" title="Geological history of Earth">Geological history of Earth</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cenozoic" title="Cenozoic">Cenozoic Era<br /><span class="nobold">(present–66.0 Ma)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:26ch"><a href="/wiki/Quaternary" title="Quaternary">Quaternary <span class="nobold">(present–2.58 Ma)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holocene" title="Holocene">Holocene (present–11.7 ka)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleistocene" title="Pleistocene">Pleistocene (11.7 ka–2.58 Ma)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:26ch"><a href="/wiki/Neogene" title="Neogene">Neogene <span class="nobold">(2.58–23.0 Ma)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pliocene" title="Pliocene">Pliocene (2.59–5.33 Ma)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miocene" title="Miocene">Miocene (5.33–23.0 Ma)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:26ch"><a href="/wiki/Paleogene" title="Paleogene">Paleogene <span class="nobold">(23.0–66.0 Ma)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oligocene" title="Oligocene">Oligocene (23.0–33.9 Ma)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eocene" title="Eocene">Eocene (33.9–56.0 Ma)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleocene" title="Paleocene">Paleocene (56.0–66.0 Ma)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mesozoic" title="Mesozoic">Mesozoic Era<br /><span class="nobold">(66.0–252 Ma)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:26ch"><a href="/wiki/Cretaceous" title="Cretaceous">Cretaceous <span class="nobold">(66.0–145 Ma)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Late_Cretaceous" title="Late Cretaceous">Late (66.0–100 Ma)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Cretaceous" title="Early Cretaceous">Early (100–145 Ma)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:26ch"><a href="/wiki/Jurassic" title="Jurassic">Jurassic <span class="nobold">(145–201 Ma)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Late_Jurassic" title="Late Jurassic">Late (145–164 Ma)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Jurassic" title="Middle Jurassic">Middle (164–174 Ma)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Jurassic" title="Early Jurassic">Early (174–201 Ma)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:26ch"><a href="/wiki/Triassic" title="Triassic">Triassic <span class="nobold">(201–252 Ma)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Late_Triassic" title="Late Triassic">Late (201–237 Ma)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Middle (237–247 Ma)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Triassic" title="Early Triassic">Early (247–252 Ma)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Paleozoic" title="Paleozoic">Paleozoic Era<br /><span class="nobold">(252–539 Ma)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:26ch"><a href="/wiki/Permian" title="Permian">Permian <span class="nobold">(252–299 Ma)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lopingian" title="Lopingian">Lopingian (252–260 Ma)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guadalupian" title="Guadalupian">Guadalupian (260–272 Ma)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cisuralian" title="Cisuralian">Cisuralian (272–299 Ma)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:26ch"><a href="/wiki/Carboniferous" title="Carboniferous">Carboniferous <span class="nobold">(299–359 Ma)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvanian_(geology)" title="Pennsylvanian (geology)">Pennsylvanian (299–323 Ma)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippian_(geology)" title="Mississippian (geology)">Mississippian (323–359 Ma)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:26ch"><a href="/wiki/Devonian" title="Devonian">Devonian <span class="nobold">(359–419 Ma)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Late_Devonian" class="mw-redirect" title="Late Devonian">Late (359–383 Ma)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Devonian" title="Middle Devonian">Middle (383–393 Ma)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Devonian" title="Early Devonian">Early (393–419 Ma)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:26ch"><a href="/wiki/Silurian" title="Silurian">Silurian <span class="nobold">(419–444 Ma)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pridoli_Epoch" title="Pridoli Epoch">Pridoli (419–423 Ma)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludlow_Epoch" title="Ludlow Epoch">Ludlow (423–427 Ma)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wenlock_Epoch" title="Wenlock Epoch">Wenlock (427–433 Ma)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llandovery_Epoch" title="Llandovery Epoch">Llandovery (433–444 Ma)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:26ch"><a href="/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician">Ordovician <span class="nobold">(444–485 Ma)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Late_Ordovician" title="Late Ordovician">Late (444–458 Ma)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Ordovician" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle Ordovician">Middle (458–470 Ma)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Ordovician" title="Early Ordovician">Early (470–485 Ma)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:26ch"><a href="/wiki/Cambrian" title="Cambrian">Cambrian <span class="nobold">(485–539 Ma)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Furongian" title="Furongian">Furongian (485–497 Ma)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miaolingian" title="Miaolingian">Miaolingian (497–509 Ma)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambrian_Series_2" title="Cambrian Series 2">Series 2 (509–521 Ma)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terreneuvian" title="Terreneuvian">Terreneuvian (521–539 Ma)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Proterozoic" title="Proterozoic">Proterozoic Eon<br /><span class="nobold">(539 Ma–2.5 Ga)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:26ch"><a href="/wiki/Neoproterozoic" title="Neoproterozoic">Neoproterozoic <span class="nobold">(539 Ma–1 Ga)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ediacaran" title="Ediacaran">Ediacaran (539–635 Ma)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cryogenian" title="Cryogenian">Cryogenian (635–720 Ma)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonian" title="Tonian">Tonian (720 Ma–1 Ga)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:26ch"><a href="/wiki/Mesoproterozoic" title="Mesoproterozoic">Mesoproterozoic <span class="nobold">(1–1.6 Ga)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stenian" title="Stenian">Stenian (1–1.2 Ga)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ectasian" title="Ectasian">Ectasian (1.2–1.4 Ga)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calymmian" title="Calymmian">Calymmian (1.4–1.6 Ga)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:26ch"><a href="/wiki/Paleoproterozoic" title="Paleoproterozoic">Paleoproterozoic <span class="nobold">(1.6–2.5 Ga)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Statherian" title="Statherian">Statherian (1.6–1.8 Ga)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orosirian" title="Orosirian">Orosirian (1.8–2.05 Ga)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhyacian" title="Rhyacian">Rhyacian (2.05–2.3 Ga)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siderian" title="Siderian">Siderian (2.3–2.5 Ga)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Archean" title="Archean">Archean Eon <span class="nobold">(2.5–4 Ga)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neoarchean" title="Neoarchean">Neoarchean (2.5–2.8 Ga)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesoarchean" title="Mesoarchean">Mesoarchean (2.8–3.2 Ga)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleoarchean" title="Paleoarchean">Paleoarchean (3.2–3.6 Ga)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eoarchean" title="Eoarchean">Eoarchean (3.6–4 Ga)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hadean" title="Hadean">Hadean Eon <span class="nobold">(4–4.6 Ga)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Year#SI_prefix_multipliers" title="Year">ka</a> = kiloannum (thousand years ago); <a href="/wiki/Year#SI_prefix_multipliers" title="Year">Ma</a> = megaannum (million years ago); <a href="/wiki/Year#SI_prefix_multipliers" title="Year">Ga</a> = gigaannum (billion years ago).<br /> <i>See also:</i> <a href="/wiki/Geologic_time_scale" title="Geologic time scale">Geologic time scale</a>  •  <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:WikiProject_Geology.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/WikiProject_Geology.svg/16px-WikiProject_Geology.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/WikiProject_Geology.svg/24px-WikiProject_Geology.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/WikiProject_Geology.svg/32px-WikiProject_Geology.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="327" data-file-height="328" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Geology" title="Portal:Geology">Geology portal</a>  •  <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/16px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" 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