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id="toc-Installing_software" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Installing_software"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Installing software</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Installing_software-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Update,_upgrade_and_dist-upgrade" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Update,_upgrade_and_dist-upgrade"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Update, upgrade and dist-upgrade</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Update,_upgrade_and_dist-upgrade-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Configuration_and_files" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Configuration_and_files"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Configuration and files</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Configuration_and_files-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Configuration and files subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Configuration_and_files-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Files" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Files"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Files</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Files-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-APT_pinning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#APT_pinning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>APT pinning</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-APT_pinning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Front_ends" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Front_ends"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Front ends</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Front_ends-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Variants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Variants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Variants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Variants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-apt-file" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#apt-file"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>apt-file</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-apt-file-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">APT (software)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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Available in 41 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-41" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">41 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B2%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A9" title="أداة الحزم المتقدمة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أداة الحزم المتقدمة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Packaging_Tool" title="Advanced Packaging Tool – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Advanced Packaging Tool" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%A1_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%82_%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2" title="অ্যাডভান্সড প্যাকেজিং টুল – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অ্যাডভান্সড প্যাকেজিং টুল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apt_(%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B5%D1%80)" title="Apt (софтуер) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Apt (софтуер)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Packaging_Tool" title="Advanced Packaging Tool – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Advanced Packaging Tool" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Packaging_Tool" title="Advanced Packaging Tool – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Advanced Packaging Tool" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Packaging_Tool" title="Advanced Packaging Tool – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Advanced Packaging Tool" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/APT" title="APT – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="APT" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Packaging_Tool" title="Advanced Packaging Tool – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Advanced Packaging Tool" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Packaging_Tool" title="Advanced Packaging Tool – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Advanced Packaging Tool" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Packaging_Tool" title="Advanced Packaging Tool – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Advanced Packaging Tool" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A8%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%AA%D9%87" title="ابزار بسته‌بندی پیشرفته – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ابزار بسته‌بندی پیشرفته" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Packaging_Tool" title="Advanced Packaging Tool – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Advanced Packaging Tool" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/APT" title="APT – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="APT" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%96%B4%EB%93%9C%EB%B0%B4%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8_%ED%8C%A8%ED%82%A4%EC%A7%95_%ED%88%B4" title="어드밴스트 패키징 툴 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="어드밴스트 패키징 툴" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/APT_(manajer_paket)" title="APT (manajer paket) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="APT (manajer paket)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Packaging_Tool" title="Advanced Packaging Tool – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Advanced Packaging Tool" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Packaging_Tool" title="Advanced Packaging Tool – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Advanced Packaging Tool" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/APT_(%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94)" title="APT (תוכנה) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="APT (תוכנה)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Packaging_Tool" title="Advanced Packaging Tool – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Advanced Packaging Tool" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Packaging_Tool" title="Advanced Packaging Tool – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Advanced Packaging Tool" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Packaging_Tool" title="Advanced Packaging Tool – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Advanced Packaging Tool" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%86%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D" title="ആപ്റ്റ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ആപ്റ്റ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Packaging_Tool" title="Advanced Packaging Tool – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Advanced Packaging Tool" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/APT" title="APT – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="APT" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Packaging_Tool" title="Advanced Packaging Tool – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Advanced Packaging Tool" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Packaging_Tool" title="Advanced Packaging Tool – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Advanced Packaging Tool" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferramenta_de_pacote_avan%C3%A7ada" title="Ferramenta de pacote avançada – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ferramenta de pacote avançada" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Packaging_Tool" title="Advanced Packaging Tool – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Advanced Packaging Tool" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_package_tool" title="Advanced package tool – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Advanced package tool" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Packaging_Tool" title="Advanced Packaging Tool – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Advanced Packaging Tool" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Packaging_Tool" title="Advanced Packaging Tool – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Advanced Packaging Tool" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Packaging_Tool" title="Advanced Packaging Tool – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Advanced Packaging Tool" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Packaging_Tool" title="Advanced Packaging Tool – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Advanced Packaging Tool" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Packaging_Tool" title="Advanced Packaging Tool – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Advanced Packaging Tool" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Packaging_Tool" title="Advanced Packaging Tool – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Advanced Packaging Tool" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5_(%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C)" title="เอพีที (ซอฟต์แวร์) – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เอพีที (ซอฟต์แวร์)" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geli%C5%9Fmi%C5%9F_Paketleme_Arac%C4%B1" title="Gelişmiş Paketleme Aracı – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Gelişmiş Paketleme Aracı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Packaging_Tool" title="Advanced Packaging Tool – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Advanced Packaging Tool" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Packaging_Tool" title="Advanced Packaging Tool – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Advanced Packaging Tool" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/APT" title="APT – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="APT" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Free software package management system</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/APT_(disambiguation)#Computing_and_software" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="APT (disambiguation)">APT (disambiguation) § Computing and software</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">Advanced Package Tool</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Apt-get_install_mediawiki.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Apt-get_install_mediawiki.png/220px-Apt-get_install_mediawiki.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Apt-get_install_mediawiki.png/330px-Apt-get_install_mediawiki.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Apt-get_install_mediawiki.png/440px-Apt-get_install_mediawiki.png 2x" data-file-width="761" data-file-height="351" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><code>apt-get</code> requesting confirmation before an installation</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Developer(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">The <a href="/wiki/Debian" title="Debian">Debian</a> Project</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Initial release</th><td class="infobox-data">31 March 1998<span class="noprint">; 26 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1998-03-31</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display: none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Stable release</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="margin:0px;">2.9.7<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-a83db1258e3a3b4ca84636640ca2960c2585cd05-v18_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-a83db1258e3a3b4ca84636640ca2960c2585cd05-v18-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230724?uselang=en#P348" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> / 30 July 2024<span class="noprint">; 3 months ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">30 July 2024</span>)</span></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Repository_(version_control)" title="Repository (version control)">Repository</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://salsa.debian.org/apt-team/apt.git">salsa<wbr />.debian<wbr />.org<wbr />/apt-team<wbr />/apt<wbr />.git</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230724#P1324" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Written in</th><td class="infobox-data">C++,<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-8722832ec3cd35c44824801980e5cb39ae93e9c6-v18_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-8722832ec3cd35c44824801980e5cb39ae93e9c6-v18-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> shell script,<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-8722832ec3cd35c44824801980e5cb39ae93e9c6-v18_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-8722832ec3cd35c44824801980e5cb39ae93e9c6-v18-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> XML,<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-8722832ec3cd35c44824801980e5cb39ae93e9c6-v18_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-8722832ec3cd35c44824801980e5cb39ae93e9c6-v18-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> CMake,<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-8722832ec3cd35c44824801980e5cb39ae93e9c6-v18_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-8722832ec3cd35c44824801980e5cb39ae93e9c6-v18-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> C,<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-8722832ec3cd35c44824801980e5cb39ae93e9c6-v18_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-8722832ec3cd35c44824801980e5cb39ae93e9c6-v18-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Perl<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-8722832ec3cd35c44824801980e5cb39ae93e9c6-v18_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-8722832ec3cd35c44824801980e5cb39ae93e9c6-v18-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230724?uselang=en#P277" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating system</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Unix-like" title="Unix-like">Unix-like</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_categories#Categorization_approaches" title="Software categories">Type</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Package_manager" title="Package manager">Package manager</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/GNU_General_Public_License" title="GNU General Public License">GPLv2+</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wiki.debian.org/AptCLI">wiki<wbr />.debian<wbr />.org<wbr />/AptCLI</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Advanced package tool</b>, or <b>APT</b>, is a <a href="/wiki/Free_software" title="Free software">free-software</a> <a href="/wiki/Frontend_and_backend" title="Frontend and backend">user interface</a> that works with <a href="/wiki/Library_(computing)" title="Library (computing)">core libraries</a> to handle the installation and removal of software on <a href="/wiki/Debian" title="Debian">Debian</a> and Debian-based <a href="/wiki/Linux_distribution" title="Linux distribution">Linux distributions</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-manpage_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-manpage-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> APT simplifies the process of managing software on <a href="/wiki/Unix-like" title="Unix-like">Unix-like</a> computer systems by automating the retrieval, configuration and installation of <a href="/wiki/Package_manager" title="Package manager">software packages</a>, either from precompiled files or by <a href="/wiki/Compiler" title="Compiler">compiling</a> source code.<sup id="cite_ref-manpage_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-manpage-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Usage">Usage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=APT_(software)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Usage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>APT is a collection of tools distributed in a package named <i>apt</i>. A significant part of APT is defined in a <a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a> library of functions; APT also includes command-line programs for dealing with packages, which use the library. Three such programs are <code>apt</code>, <code>apt-get</code> and <code>apt-cache</code>. They are commonly used in examples because they are simple and ubiquitous. The <i>apt</i> package is of "<i>important</i>" priority in all current Debian releases, and is therefore included in a default Debian installation. APT can be considered a <a href="/wiki/Frontend_and_backend" title="Frontend and backend">front end</a> to <code><a href="/wiki/Dpkg" title="Dpkg">dpkg</a></code>, friendlier than the older <code><a href="/wiki/Dselect" title="Dselect">dselect</a></code> front end. While <code>dpkg</code> performs actions on individual packages, APT manages relations (especially dependencies) between them, as well as sourcing and management of higher-level versioning decisions (release tracking and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Version_pinning&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Version pinning (page does not exist)">version pinning</a>). </p><p>APT is often hailed as one of Debian's best features,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which Debian developers attribute to the strict quality controls in Debian's policy.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A major feature of APT is the way it calls <code>dpkg</code> — it does <a href="/wiki/Topological_sorting" title="Topological sorting">topological sorting</a> of the list of packages to be installed or removed and calls <code>dpkg</code> in the best possible sequence. In some cases, it utilizes the <code>--force</code> options of <code>dpkg</code>. However, it only does this when it is unable to calculate how to avoid the reason <code>dpkg</code> requires the action to be forced. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Installing_software">Installing software</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=APT_(software)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Installing software"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The user indicates one or more packages to be installed. Each package name is phrased as just the name portion of the package, not a fully qualified filename (for instance, in a Debian system, <code>libc6</code> would be the argument provided, not <code>libc6_1.9.6-2.deb</code>). Notably, APT automatically gets and installs packages upon which the indicated package depends (if necessary). This was an original distinguishing characteristic of APT-based package management systems, as it avoided installation failure due to missing dependencies, a type of <a href="/wiki/Dependency_hell" title="Dependency hell">dependency hell</a>. </p><p>Another distinction is the retrieval of packages from remote repositories. APT uses a location configuration file (<code>/etc/apt/sources.list</code>) to locate the desired packages, which might be available on the network or a removable storage medium, for example, and retrieve them, and also obtain information about available (but not installed) packages. </p><p>APT provides other command options to override decisions made by apt-get's conflict resolution system. One option is to force a particular version of a package. This can downgrade a package and render dependent software inoperable, so the user must be careful. </p><p>Finally, the <code>apt_preferences</code> mechanism allows the user to create an alternative installation policy for individual packages. </p><p>The user can specify packages using a POSIX <a href="/wiki/Regular_expression" title="Regular expression">regular expression</a>. </p><p>APT searches its cached list of packages and lists the dependencies that must be installed or updated. </p><p>APT retrieves, configures and installs the dependencies automatically. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Dpkg" title="Dpkg">Triggers</a> are the treatment of deferred actions. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Update,_upgrade_and_dist-upgrade"><span id="Update.2C_upgrade_and_dist-upgrade"></span>Update, upgrade and dist-upgrade</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=APT_(software)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Update, upgrade and dist-upgrade"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Usage modes of <code>apt</code> and <code>apt-get</code> that facilitate updating installed packages include: </p> <ul><li><code>update</code> is used to resynchronize the <b>package index</b> files from their sources. The lists of available packages are fetched from the location(s) specified in <code>/etc/apt/sources.list</code>. For example, when using a Debian archive, this command retrieves and scans the <code>Packages.gz</code> files, so that information about new and updated packages is available.</li> <li><code>upgrade</code> is used to install the newest versions of all packages currently installed on the system from the sources enumerated in <code>/etc/apt/sources.list</code>. Packages currently installed with new versions available are retrieved and upgraded; under no circumstances are currently installed packages removed, or packages not already installed retrieved and installed. New versions of currently installed packages that cannot be upgraded without changing the install status of another package will be left at their current version.</li> <li><code>full-upgrade</code> (<code>apt</code>) and <code>dist-upgrade</code> (<code>apt-get</code>), in addition to performing the function of <code>upgrade</code>, also intelligently handles changing dependencies with new versions of packages; <code>apt</code> and <code>apt-get</code> have a "smart" conflict resolution system, and will attempt to upgrade the most important packages at the expense of less important ones if necessary. The <code>/etc/apt/sources.list</code> file contains a list of locations from which to retrieve desired package files.<sup id="cite_ref-manpage_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-manpage-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Aptitude_(software)" title="Aptitude (software)">aptitude</a> has a smarter <code>dist-upgrade</code> feature called <code>full-upgrade</code>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Configuration_and_files">Configuration and files</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=APT_(software)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Configuration and files"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><code>/etc/apt</code> contains the APT configuration folders and files. </p><p><code>apt-config</code> is the APT Configuration Query program.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <code>apt-config dump</code> shows the configuration.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Files">Files</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=APT_(software)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Files"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><code>/etc/apt/sources.list</code>:<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Locations to fetch packages from.</li> <li><code>/etc/apt/sources.list.d/</code>: Additional source list fragments.</li> <li><code>/etc/apt/apt.conf</code>: APT configuration file.</li> <li><code>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/</code>: APT configuration file fragments.</li> <li><code>/etc/apt/preferences.d/</code>: Directory with version preferences files. This is where "<a href="#APT_pinning">pinning</a>" is specified, i.e. a preference to get certain packages from a separate source or from a different version of a distribution.</li> <li><code>/var/cache/apt/archives/</code>: Storage area for retrieved package files.</li> <li><code>/var/cache/apt/archives/partial/</code>: Storage area for package files in transit.</li> <li><code>/var/lib/apt/lists/</code>: Storage area for state information for each package resource specified in <code>sources.list</code></li> <li><code>/var/lib/apt/lists/partial/</code>: Storage area for state information in transit.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=APT_(software)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>APT relies on the concept of <a href="/wiki/Software_repository" title="Software repository">repositories</a> in order to find software and resolve dependencies. For APT, a repository is a directory containing packages along with an index file. This can be specified as a networked or <a href="/wiki/CD-ROM" title="CD-ROM">CD-ROM</a> location. As of 14 August 2021,<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=APT_(software)&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> the Debian project keeps a central repository of over 50,000 software packages ready for download and installation.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Any number of additional repositories can be added to APT's <i>sources.list</i> configuration file (<code>/etc/apt/sources.list</code>) and then be queried by APT. Graphical front ends often allow modifying <code>sources.list</code> more simply (<code>apt-setup</code>). Once a package repository has been specified (like during the system installation), packages in that repository can be installed without specifying a source and will be kept up-to-date automatically. </p><p>In addition to network repositories, <a href="/wiki/Compact_disc" title="Compact disc">compact discs</a> and other storage media (USB keydrive, hard disks...) can be used as well, using <code>apt-cdrom</code><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or adding <code>file:/</code> URI<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to the source list file. <code>apt-cdrom</code> can specify a folder other than a CD-ROM, using the <code>-d</code> option (i.e. a hard disk or a USB keydrive). The Debian CDs available for download contain Debian repositories. This allows non-networked machines to be upgraded. One can also use <code>apt-zip</code>. </p><p>Problems may appear when several sources offer the same package(s). Systems that have such possibly conflicting sources can use APT pinning to control which sources should be preferred. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="APT_pinning">APT pinning</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=APT_(software)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: APT pinning"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <i>APT pinning</i> feature allows users to force APT to choose particular versions of packages which may be available in different versions from different repositories. This allows administrators to ensure that packages are not upgraded to versions which may conflict with other packages on the system, or that have not been sufficiently tested for unwelcome changes. </p><p>In order to do this, the <i>pins</i> in APT's <i>preferences</i> file (<code>/etc/apt/preferences</code>) must be modified,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although graphical front ends often make pinning simpler. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Front_ends">Front ends</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=APT_(software)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Front ends"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Synaptic_Package_Manager.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Synaptic_Package_Manager.png/300px-Synaptic_Package_Manager.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Synaptic_Package_Manager.png/450px-Synaptic_Package_Manager.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Synaptic_Package_Manager.png/600px-Synaptic_Package_Manager.png 2x" data-file-width="1209" data-file-height="686" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Synaptic_package_manager" class="mw-redirect" title="Synaptic package manager">Synaptic package manager</a> is one of the front ends available for APT.</figcaption></figure> <p>Several other <a href="/wiki/Frontend_and_backend" title="Frontend and backend">front ends</a> to APT exist, which provide more advanced installation functions and more intuitive interfaces. These include: </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Synaptic_(software)" title="Synaptic (software)">Synaptic</a></i>, a <a href="/wiki/GTK" title="GTK">GTK</a> <a href="/wiki/Graphical_user_interface" title="Graphical user interface">graphical user interface</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_Software_Center" title="Ubuntu Software Center">Ubuntu Software Center</a></i>, a <a href="/wiki/GTK" title="GTK">GTK</a> <a href="/wiki/Graphical_user_interface" title="Graphical user interface">graphical user interface</a> developed by the Ubuntu project</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aptitude_(software)" title="Aptitude (software)">aptitude</a></i>, a console client with <a href="/wiki/Command-line_interface" title="Command-line interface">CLI</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ncurses" title="Ncurses">ncurses</a>-based <a href="/wiki/Text-based_user_interface" title="Text-based user interface">TUI</a> interfaces</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/KPackage" title="KPackage">KPackage</a></i>, part of <a href="/wiki/KDE" title="KDE">KDE</a></li> <li><i>Adept package manager</i>, a graphical user interface for <a href="/wiki/KDE" title="KDE">KDE</a> (deb, rpm, bsd)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/PackageKit" title="PackageKit">PackageKit</a></i>, a <a href="/wiki/D-Bus" title="D-Bus">D-Bus</a> frontend, maintained by <a href="/wiki/Freedesktop.org" title="Freedesktop.org">freedesktop.org</a>, powers <a href="/wiki/GNOME_Software" title="GNOME Software">GNOME Software</a> and KDE Discover.</li> <li><i>GDebi</i>, a GTK-based tool sponsored for Ubuntu. (There is also a Qt version, available in the Ubuntu repositories as gdebi-kde.)</li> <li><i>apt-cdrom</i>, a way to add a new CDROM to APT's list of available repositories (sources.lists). It is necessary to use apt-cdrom to add CDs to the APT system, it cannot be done by hand.</li> <li><i>apt-zip</i>, a way to use apt with <a href="/wiki/Removable_media" title="Removable media">removable media</a>, specifically <a href="/wiki/USB_flash_drive" title="USB flash drive">USB flash drives</a>.</li> <li><i>aptURL</i>, an Ubuntu software package that enables end-user applications to install with a single-click through a browser.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cydia" title="Cydia">Cydia</a></i>, a package manager for <a href="/wiki/IOS_jailbreaking" title="IOS jailbreaking">jailbroken iOS</a> based on APT (ported to iOS as part of the Telesphoreo project).<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Sileo</i>, like <a href="/wiki/Cydia" title="Cydia">Cydia</a>, a package manager for jailbroken iOS based on newer versions of APT (ported to iOS by the Electra team)</li> <li><i>gnome-apt</i>, a GTK/<a href="/wiki/GNOME" title="GNOME">GNOME</a>-widget-based graphical front end. Developed by <a href="/wiki/Havoc_Pennington" title="Havoc Pennington">Havoc Pennington</a><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Muon discover (previous Muon software center)</i>, a Qt-based graphical user interface</li> <li><i>Hildon application manager (Maemo application)</i>, a <a href="/wiki/Maemo" title="Maemo">Maemo</a> front end</li> <li><i>apticron</i>, a service designed to be run via <a href="/wiki/Cron" title="Cron">cron</a> to email notices of pending updates to a system administrator (sysadmin).</li> <li><i>APT Daemon</i>, a front end that runs as a <a href="/wiki/Daemon_(computing)" title="Daemon (computing)">service</a> to allow users to install software through <a href="/wiki/Polkit" title="Polkit">PolicyKit</a> and is in turn the framework used by <a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_Software_Center" title="Ubuntu Software Center">Ubuntu software center</a> (along with the <a href="/wiki/Linux_Mint#Software_by_Linux_Mint" title="Linux Mint">Linux Mint software manager</a>).</li> <li><i>Package installer</i>, part of MX Linux.</li> <li><i>Apt-offline</i>: A convenient way to make any available non-containerized change to any Debian-type Linux installation without using a direct Internet connection. However, a temporary direct connection can be required, such as to install Apt-offline on some of the relevant types of Linux, and to add <a href="/wiki/Ubuntu#Package_Archives" title="Ubuntu">PPA</a>'s to the sources-list.</li></ul> <p>APT front ends can: </p> <ul><li>search for new packages;</li> <li>upgrade packages;</li> <li>install or remove packages and</li> <li>upgrade the whole system to a new release.</li></ul> <p>APT front ends can list the dependencies of packages being installed or upgraded, ask the administrator if packages recommended or suggested by newly installed packages should be installed too, automatically install dependencies and perform other operations on the system such as removing obsolete files and packages. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=APT_(software)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The original effort that led to the <code>apt-get</code> program was the <code><a href="/wiki/Dselect" title="Dselect">dselect</a></code> replacement project known by its codename <i>Deity</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-d-u_1997-04_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-d-u_1997-04-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This project was commissioned in 1997 by Brian White, the Debian release manager at the time. The first functional version of <code>apt-get</code> was called <code>dpkg-get</code> and was only intended to be a test program for the core library functions that would underpin the new user interface (UI).<sup id="cite_ref-deity_1998-03_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-deity_1998-03-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Much of the original development of APT was done on Internet relay chat (IRC), so records have been lost. The 'Deity creation team' mailing list archives include only the major highlights. </p><p>The 'Deity' name was abandoned as the official name for the project due to concerns over the religious nature of the name. The APT name was eventually decided after considerable internal and public discussion. Ultimately the name was proposed on IRC, accepted and then finalized on the mailing lists.<sup id="cite_ref-deity_1998-03_106_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-deity_1998-03_106-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>APT was introduced in 1998 and original test builds were circulated on IRC. The first Debian version that included it was Debian 2.1, released on 9 March 1999.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the end the original goal of the Deity project of replacing the <code><a href="/wiki/Dselect" title="Dselect">dselect</a></code> user interface was a failure. Work on the user interface portion of the project was abandoned (the user interface directories were removed from the <a href="/wiki/Concurrent_Versions_System" title="Concurrent Versions System">concurrent versions system</a>) after the first public release of <code>apt-get</code>. The response to APT as a <code>dselect</code> method and a command line utility was so great and positive that all development efforts focused on maintaining and improving the tool. It was not until much later that several independent people built user interfaces on top of <code>libapt-pkg</code>. </p><p>Eventually, a new team picked up the project, began to build new features and released version 0.6 of APT which introduced the Secure APT feature, using strong <a href="/wiki/GNU_Privacy_Guard" title="GNU Privacy Guard">cryptographic</a> <a href="/wiki/Digital_signature" title="Digital signature">signing</a> to authenticate the package repositories.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variants">Variants</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=APT_(software)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Variants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>APT was originally designed as a front end for <a href="/wiki/Dpkg" title="Dpkg">dpkg</a> to work with Debian's <code><a href="/wiki/Deb_(file_format)" title="Deb (file format)">.deb</a></code> packages. A version of APT modified to also work with the <a href="/wiki/RPM_Package_Manager" title="RPM Package Manager">RPM Package Manager</a> system was released as <a href="/wiki/APT-RPM" title="APT-RPM">APT-RPM</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Fink_(software)" title="Fink (software)">Fink</a> project has ported APT to <a href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">Mac OS X</a> for some of its own package management tasks,<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and APT is also available in <a href="/wiki/OpenSolaris" title="OpenSolaris">OpenSolaris</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="apt-file">apt-file</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=APT_(software)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: apt-file"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>apt-file</b> is a command, packaged separately from APT, to find which package includes a specific file, or to list all files included in a package on remote repositories.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=APT_(software)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Free_and_open-source_software_logo_%282009%29.svg/28px-Free_and_open-source_software_logo_%282009%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Free_and_open-source_software_logo_%282009%29.svg/42px-Free_and_open-source_software_logo_%282009%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Free_and_open-source_software_logo_%282009%29.svg/56px-Free_and_open-source_software_logo_%282009%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Free_and_open-source_software" title="Portal:Free and open-source software">Free and open-source software portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alien_(file_converter)" title="Alien (file converter)">Alien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AppStream" title="AppStream">AppStream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/APTonCD" title="APTonCD">APTonCD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNU_Guix" title="GNU Guix">GNU Guix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wajig" title="Wajig">Wajig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_software_package_management_systems" title="List of software package management systems">List of software package management systems</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=APT_(software)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output 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.citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://metadata.ftp-master.debian.org/changelogs/main/a/apt/apt_2.2.4_changelog">"Initial release"</a>. <i>apt package changelog</i>. The Debian project. 31 March 1998<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=apt+package+changelog&rft.atitle=Initial+release&rft.date=1998-03-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmetadata.ftp-master.debian.org%2Fchangelogs%2Fmain%2Fa%2Fapt%2Fapt_2.2.4_changelog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAPT+%28software%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wikidata-a83db1258e3a3b4ca84636640ca2960c2585cd05-v18-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-a83db1258e3a3b4ca84636640ca2960c2585cd05-v18_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://salsa.debian.org/apt-team/apt/-/tags/2.9.7">"2.9.7 · Tags · APT Developers / apt · GitLab"</a>. 30 July 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2.9.7+%C2%B7+Tags+%C2%B7+APT+Developers+%2F+apt+%C2%B7+GitLab&rft.date=2024-07-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsalsa.debian.org%2Fapt-team%2Fapt%2F-%2Ftags%2F2.9.7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAPT+%28software%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wikidata-8722832ec3cd35c44824801980e5cb39ae93e9c6-v18-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-8722832ec3cd35c44824801980e5cb39ae93e9c6-v18_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-8722832ec3cd35c44824801980e5cb39ae93e9c6-v18_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-8722832ec3cd35c44824801980e5cb39ae93e9c6-v18_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-8722832ec3cd35c44824801980e5cb39ae93e9c6-v18_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-8722832ec3cd35c44824801980e5cb39ae93e9c6-v18_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-8722832ec3cd35c44824801980e5cb39ae93e9c6-v18_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openhub.net/p/apt/analyses/latest/languages_summary">"The apt - Advanced Package Tool Open Source Project on Open Hub: Languages Page"</a>. <i>Open Hub</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Open+Hub&rft.atitle=The+apt+-+Advanced+Package+Tool+Open+Source+Project+on+Open+Hub%3A+Languages+Page&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenhub.net%2Fp%2Fapt%2Fanalyses%2Flatest%2Flanguages_summary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAPT+%28software%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-manpage-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-manpage_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-manpage_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-manpage_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://manpages.debian.org/unstable/apt/apt-get.8.en.html">"apt-get(8)"</a>. <i>Debian Manpages</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Debian+Manpages&rft.atitle=apt-get%288%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmanpages.debian.org%2Funstable%2Fapt%2Fapt-get.8.en.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAPT+%28software%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFByfield2004" class="citation web cs1">Byfield, Bruce (9 December 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.linux.com/news/apt-get-primer/">"An apt-get primer"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=An+apt-get+primer&rft.date=2004-12-09&rft.aulast=Byfield&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.linux.com%2Fnews%2Fapt-get-primer%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAPT+%28software%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200726074050/https://linuxformat.com/tuxradarchive/content/archives-best-distros-2000">"From the archives: the best distros of 2000"</a>. Tux radar. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.linux.ie/lists/pipermail/cork/2004-January/003744.html">the original</a> on 13 May 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Migrating+to+Debian&rft.pub=linux.ie&rft.date=2004-01-19&rft.aulast=Dorgan&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.linux.ie%2Flists%2Fpipermail%2Fcork%2F2004-January%2F003744.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAPT+%28software%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080915152357/http://www.vieka.com/mobiletux/debian.htm">"Mobile Linux development with Familiar and a minimal Debian"</a>. Mobile Tux. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vieka.com/mobiletux/debian.htm">the original</a> on 15 September 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mobile+Linux+development+with+Familiar+and+a+minimal+Debian&rft.pub=Mobile+Tux&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vieka.com%2Fmobiletux%2Fdebian.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAPT+%28software%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://people.debian.org/~srivasta/talks/why_debian/talk.html">"Why Debian"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Debian+policy+manual&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.debian.org%2Fdoc%2Fdebian-policy%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAPT+%28software%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://forums.debian.net/viewtopic.php?f=10&t=39379">"Discussion on dist-upgrade vs. full-upgrade"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Discussion+on+dist-upgrade+vs.+full-upgrade&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fforums.debian.net%2Fviewtopic.php%3Ff%3D10%26t%3D39379&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAPT+%28software%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://manpages.debian.org/unstable/apt/apt-config.8.en.html">"apt-config(8)"</a>. <i>Debian Manpages</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Debian+Manpages&rft.atitle=apt-config%288%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmanpages.debian.org%2Funstable%2Fapt%2Fapt-config.8.en.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAPT+%28software%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.debianadmin.com/query-apt-configuration-using-apt-config.html">"Query APT configuration using apt-config - Debian admin"</a>. 2 December 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Query+APT+configuration+using+apt-config+-+Debian+admin&rft.date=2006-12-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.debianadmin.com%2Fquery-apt-configuration-using-apt-config.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAPT+%28software%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wiki.debian.org/SourcesList">"SourcesList"</a>. <i>Debian Wiki</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Debian+Wiki&rft.atitle=SourcesList&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwiki.debian.org%2FSourcesList&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAPT+%28software%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.debian.org/News/2021/20210814.en.html">"Debian 11 "bullseye" released"</a>. <i>www.debian.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-05-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.debian.org&rft.atitle=Debian+11+%22bullseye%22+released&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.debian.org%2FNews%2F2021%2F20210814.en.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAPT+%28software%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://manpages.debian.org/unstable/apt/apt-cdrom.8.en.html">"apt-cdrom(8)"</a>. <i>Debian Manpages</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Debian+Manpages&rft.atitle=apt-cdrom%288%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmanpages.debian.org%2Funstable%2Fapt%2Fapt-cdrom.8.en.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAPT+%28software%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs1"><i><span></span></i>e.g. deb file:/mnt/install stable main contrib non-free<i><span></span></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=e.g.+deb+file%3A%2Fmnt%2Finstall+stable+main+contrib+non-free&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAPT+%28software%29" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation">citation</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: postscript (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_postscript" title="Category:CS1 maint: postscript">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wiki.debian.org/AptConfiguration">"AptConfiguration"</a>. Debian Wiki<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=AptConfiguration&rft.pub=Debian+Wiki&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwiki.debian.org%2FAptConfiguration&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAPT+%28software%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wiki.ubuntu.com/AptUrl">"AptURL"</a>. <i>Ubuntu Wiki</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ubuntu+Wiki&rft.atitle=AptURL&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwiki.ubuntu.com%2FAptUrl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAPT+%28software%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ubuntupit.com/how-to-install-software-in-ubuntu-linux-a-complete-guide-for-newbie/">"How to install software in Ubuntu Linux: A complete guide for newbie"</a>. 17 June 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+to+install+software+in+Ubuntu+Linux%3A+A+complete+guide+for+newbie&rft.date=2018-06-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ubuntupit.com%2Fhow-to-install-software-in-ubuntu-linux-a-complete-guide-for-newbie%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAPT+%28software%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJurick2009" class="citation book cs1">Jurick, David (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=i-gABmh50v8C"><i>iPhone hacks: Pushing the iPhone and iPod touch beyond their limits</i></a>. O'Reilly Media, Inc. p. 20. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780596516642" title="Special:BookSources/9780596516642"><bdi>9780596516642</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=iPhone+hacks%3A+Pushing+the+iPhone+and+iPod+touch+beyond+their+limits&rft.pages=20&rft.pub=O%27Reilly+Media%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9780596516642&rft.aulast=Jurick&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Di-gABmh50v8C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAPT+%28software%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdhikari2008" class="citation web cs1">Adhikari, Richard (20 March 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://linuxinsider.com/story/android-schmandroid-linux-on-the-iphone-62209.html">"Android, Schmandroid: Linux on the iPhone"</a>. LinuxInsider<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Android%2C+Schmandroid%3A+Linux+on+the+iPhone&rft.pub=LinuxInsider&rft.date=2008-03-20&rft.aulast=Adhikari&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flinuxinsider.com%2Fstory%2Fandroid-schmandroid-linux-on-the-iphone-62209.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAPT+%28software%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMullikin2001" class="citation magazine cs1">Mullikin, Glenn (December 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ColExJoEq1UC&pg=PA50&dq=%22Havoc+Pennington%22">"The evolution of Debian package management systems"</a>. <i>AUUGN</i>. Vol. 22, no. 4. p. 50. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1035-7521">1035-7521</a>. <q>gnome-apt was written by Havoc Pennington</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AUUGN.&rft.atitle=The+evolution+of+Debian+package+management+systems&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=50&rft.date=2001-12&rft.issn=1035-7521&rft.aulast=Mullikin&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DColExJoEq1UC%26pg%3DPA50%26dq%3D%2522Havoc%2BPennington%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAPT+%28software%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-d-u_1997-04-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-d-u_1997-04_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhite1997" class="citation mailinglist cs1">White, Brian C. (11 April 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-user/1997/04/msg00786.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"dselect" replacement project ("deity")"</a>. <i>deity@lists.debian.org</i> (Mailing list).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22dselect%22+replacement+project+%28%22deity%22%29&rft.date=1997-04-11&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=Brian+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flists.debian.org%2Fdebian-user%2F1997%2F04%2Fmsg00786.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAPT+%28software%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-deity_1998-03-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-deity_1998-03_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGunthorpe1998" class="citation mailinglist cs1">Gunthorpe, Jason (2 March 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lists.debian.org/deity/1998/03/msg00013.html">"It's working"</a>. <i>deity@lists.debian.org</i> (Mailing list).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=It%27s+working&rft.date=1998-03-02&rft.aulast=Gunthorpe&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flists.debian.org%2Fdeity%2F1998%2F03%2Fmsg00013.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAPT+%28software%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-deity_1998-03_106-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-deity_1998-03_106_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGunthorpe1998" class="citation mailinglist cs1">Gunthorpe, Jason (19 March 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lists.debian.org/deity/1998/03/msg00106.html">"Re: 2 things (!)"</a>. <i>deity@lists.debian.org</i> (Mailing list).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Re%3A+2+things+%28%21%29&rft.date=1998-03-19&rft.aulast=Gunthorpe&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flists.debian.org%2Fdeity%2F1998%2F03%2Fmsg00106.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAPT+%28software%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030824115706/http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/project-history/ch-detailed.en.html">"A brief history of Debian"</a>. debian.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://debian.org/doc/manuals/project-history/ch-detailed.en.html#s4.1">the original</a> on 24 August 2003.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+brief+history+of+Debian&rft.pub=debian.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdebian.org%2Fdoc%2Fmanuals%2Fproject-history%2Fch-detailed.en.html%23s4.1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAPT+%28software%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wiki.debian.org/SecureApt">"Secure APT"</a>. Debian Wiki<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Secure+APT&rft.pub=Debian+Wiki&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwiki.debian.org%2FSecureApt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAPT+%28software%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://apt-rpm.org/about.shtml">"APT-RPM"</a>. apt-rpm.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080421014529/http://apt-rpm.org/about.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on 21 April 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=APT-RPM&rft.pub=apt-rpm.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fapt-rpm.org%2Fabout.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAPT+%28software%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.finkproject.org/about.php">"Fink - About"</a>. www.finkproject.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080511210043/http://www.finkproject.org/about.php">Archived</a> from the original on 11 May 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fink+-+About&rft.pub=www.finkproject.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.finkproject.org%2Fabout.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAPT+%28software%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.packagecloud.io/eng/2015/10/13/inspect-extract-contents-debian-packages/">"Inspecting and extracting Debian package contents"</a>. <i>Packagecloud blog</i>. 13 October 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Packagecloud+blog&rft.atitle=Inspecting+and+extracting+Debian+package+contents&rft.date=2015-10-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.packagecloud.io%2Feng%2F2015%2F10%2F13%2Finspect-extract-contents-debian-packages%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAPT+%28software%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=APT_(software)&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/60px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/80px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a> has the properties: <ul><li><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/4px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="4" height="4" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/6px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="460" /></span></span> <b><i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property_talk:P3473" class="extiw" title="d:Property talk:P3473">Ubuntu package (P3473)</a></i></b> (see <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://query.wikidata.org/embed.html#SELECT%20%3FWikidata_item_%20%3FWikidata_item_Label%20%3Fvalue%20%3FvalueLabel%20%3FEnglish_Wikipedia_article%20%23Show%20data%20in%20this%20order%0A%7B%0A%09%3FWikidata_item_%20wdt%3AP3473%20%3Fvalue%20.%20%23Collecting%20all%20items%20which%20have%20P3473%20data%2C%20from%20whole%20Wikidata%20item%20pages%0A%09OPTIONAL%20%7B%3FEnglish_Wikipedia_article%20schema%3Aabout%20%3FWikidata_item_%3B%20schema%3AisPartOf%20%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2F%3E%20.%7D%20%23If%20collected%20item%20has%20link%20to%20English%20Wikipedia%2C%20show%20that%0A%09SERVICE%20wikibase%3Alabel%20%7B%20bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Alanguage%20%22en%22%20%20%7D%20%23Show%20label%20in%20this%20language.%20%22en%22%20is%20English.%20%20%20%0A%7D%0ALIMIT%201000">uses</a></span>)</li><li><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/4px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="4" height="4" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/6px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="460" /></span></span> <b><i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property_talk:P3442" class="extiw" title="d:Property talk:P3442">Debian stable package (P3442)</a></i></b> (see <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://query.wikidata.org/embed.html#SELECT%20%3FWikidata_item_%20%3FWikidata_item_Label%20%3Fvalue%20%3FvalueLabel%20%3FEnglish_Wikipedia_article%20%23Show%20data%20in%20this%20order%0A%7B%0A%09%3FWikidata_item_%20wdt%3AP3442%20%3Fvalue%20.%20%23Collecting%20all%20items%20which%20have%20P3442%20data%2C%20from%20whole%20Wikidata%20item%20pages%0A%09OPTIONAL%20%7B%3FEnglish_Wikipedia_article%20schema%3Aabout%20%3FWikidata_item_%3B%20schema%3AisPartOf%20%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2F%3E%20.%7D%20%23If%20collected%20item%20has%20link%20to%20English%20Wikipedia%2C%20show%20that%0A%09SERVICE%20wikibase%3Alabel%20%7B%20bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Alanguage%20%22en%22%20%20%7D%20%23Show%20label%20in%20this%20language.%20%22en%22%20is%20English.%20%20%20%0A%7D%0ALIMIT%201000">uses</a></span>)</li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><code><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://manpages.debian.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=apt&sektion=8">apt(8)</a></code></span> – <a href="/wiki/Debian" title="Debian">Debian</a> maintenance commands <a href="/wiki/Man_page" title="Man page">Manual</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/apt-howto/">APT HOWTO</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210309021038/https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/apt-howto/">Archived</a> 2021-03-09 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.poftut.com/apt-and-apt-get-tutorial-with-examples/">Apt Tutorial</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-reference/ch02.en.html">Chapter 2. Debian package management - Debian Reference</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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in the Public Interest</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Debian_Conference" title="Debian Conference">DebConf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debian_Free_Software_Guidelines" class="mw-redirect" title="Debian Free Software Guidelines">Debian Free Software Guidelines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debian_Social_Contract" title="Debian Social Contract">Debian Social Contract</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Debian_project_leaders" title="List of Debian project leaders">Project leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debian_version_history" title="Debian version history">Releases</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Openlogo-debianV2.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Debian 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Jackson">Ian Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Michlmayr" title="Martin Michlmayr">Martin Michlmayr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Murdock" title="Ian Murdock">Ian Murdock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Oxer" title="Jonathan Oxer">Jonathan Oxer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Perens" title="Bruce Perens">Bruce Perens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_James_Remnant" title="Scott James Remnant">Scott James Remnant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefano_Zacchiroli" title="Stefano Zacchiroli">Stefano Zacchiroli</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Derivatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Kernels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Package_manager" title="Package manager">Package managers</a> (<a href="/wiki/Package_format" title="Package format">format</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Compiled" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Executable" title="Executable">Compiled</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Embedded_operating_system" title="Embedded operating system">Embedded OS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ipkg" class="mw-redirect" title="Ipkg">ipkg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opkg" class="mw-redirect" title="Opkg">opkg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Video_game_console" title="Video game console">Gaming console</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DSi_Shop" class="mw-redirect" title="DSi Shop">DSi Shop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nintendo_eShop" title="Nintendo eShop">Nintendo eShop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PlayStation_Store" title="PlayStation Store">PlayStation Store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wii_Shop_Channel" title="Wii Shop Channel">Wii Shop Channel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xbox_Games_Store" title="Xbox Games Store">Xbox Games Store</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Unix-like" title="Unix-like">Unix-like</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dpkg" title="Dpkg">dpkg</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">APT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aptitude_(software)" title="Aptitude (software)">aptitude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dselect" title="Dselect">dselect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synaptic_(software)" title="Synaptic (software)">Synaptic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_Software_Center" title="Ubuntu Software Center">Ubuntu Software Center</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Purely_functional_programming" title="Purely functional programming">Purely functional</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nix_package_manager" class="mw-redirect" title="Nix package manager">Nix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNU_Guix" title="GNU Guix">Guix</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/RPM_Package_Manager" title="RPM Package Manager">RPM</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yum_(software)" title="Yum (software)">YUM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DNF_(software)" title="DNF (software)">DNF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/APT-RPM" title="APT-RPM">APT-RPM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Up2date" title="Up2date">up2date</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urpmi" title="Urpmi">urpmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZYpp" title="ZYpp">ZYpp</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tar_(computing)" title="Tar (computing)">tarball</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Slapt-get" title="Slapt-get">slapt-get</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slackpkg" class="mw-redirect" title="Slackpkg">slackpkg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netpkg" class="mw-redirect" title="Netpkg">netpkg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swaret" class="mw-redirect" title="Swaret">swaret</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AppImage" title="AppImage">AppImage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autopackage" title="Autopackage">Autopackage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flatpak" title="Flatpak">Flatpak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homebrew_(package_manager)" title="Homebrew (package manager)">Homebrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meta_Horizon_Store" title="Meta Horizon Store">Horizon Store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PackageKit" title="PackageKit">PackageKit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arch_Linux#pacman" title="Arch Linux">pacman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TrueOS#Package_management" title="TrueOS">PBI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PETget" class="mw-redirect" title="PETget">PETget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PISI" class="mw-redirect" title="PISI">PISI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portage_(software)" title="Portage (software)">Portage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snap_(package_manager)" class="mw-redirect" title="Snap (package manager)">Snap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upkg" class="mw-redirect" title="Upkg">Upkg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pkgsrc" title="Pkgsrc">pkgsrc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helm_(package_manager)" title="Helm (package manager)">Helm</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mac_App_Store" title="Mac App Store">Mac App Store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homebrew_(package_manager)" title="Homebrew (package manager)">Homebrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pkgsrc" title="Pkgsrc">pkgsrc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munki_(software)" title="Munki (software)">Munki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Z/OS" title="Z/OS">z/OS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SMP/E" title="SMP/E">SMP/E</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Mobile_operating_system" title="Mobile operating system">Mobile OS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Appstore" title="Amazon Appstore">Amazon Appstore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/App_Store_(iOS)" class="mw-redirect" title="App Store (iOS)">App Store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aptoide" title="Aptoide">Aptoide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cafe_Bazaar" title="Cafe Bazaar">Cafe Bazaar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cydia" title="Cydia">Cydia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F-Droid" title="F-Droid">F-Droid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GetJar" title="GetJar">GetJar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Play" title="Google Play">Google Play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huawei_AppGallery" title="Huawei AppGallery">Huawei AppGallery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Store_(digital)" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Store (digital)">Microsoft Store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RPM_Package_Manager" title="RPM Package Manager">RPM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SlideME" class="mw-redirect" title="SlideME">SlideME</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Phone_Store" title="Windows Phone Store">Windows Phone Store</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Cross-platform_software" title="Cross-platform software">Multi-platform</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OpenPKG" title="OpenPKG">OpenPKG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pkgsrc" title="Pkgsrc">pkgsrc</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Solaris_(operating_system)" class="mw-redirect" title="Solaris (operating system)">Solaris</a> • <a href="/wiki/Illumos" title="Illumos">illumos</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Image_Packaging_System" title="Image Packaging System">IPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenCSW" title="OpenCSW">OpenCSW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pkgsrc" title="Pkgsrc">pkgsrc</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Web_browser" title="Web browser">Web browsers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chrome_Web_Store" title="Chrome Web Store">Chrome Web Store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Add-on_(Mozilla)#Website" title="Add-on (Mozilla)">Mozilla Add-ons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allmyapps" title="Allmyapps">Allmyapps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cygwin" title="Cygwin">Cygwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Store" title="Microsoft Store">Microsoft Store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Npackd" class="mw-redirect" title="Npackd">Npackd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nullsoft_Scriptable_Install_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Nullsoft Scriptable Install System">NSIS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NuGet" title="NuGet">NuGet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chocolatey" title="Chocolatey">Chocolatey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ProGet" title="ProGet">ProGet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scoop_Package_Manager" title="Scoop Package Manager">Scoop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Package_Manager" title="Windows Package Manager">Windows Package Manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wpkg" class="mw-redirect" title="Wpkg">wpkg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Uncompiled" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Source_code" title="Source code">Uncompiled</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Berkeley_Software_Distribution" title="Berkeley Software Distribution">BSD</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ports_collection" title="Ports collection">ports collection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FreeBSD_Ports" title="FreeBSD Ports">FreeBSD Ports</a></li> <li><a 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href="/wiki/JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Npm_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Npm (software)">npm</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kubernetes" title="Kubernetes">Kubernetes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Helm_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Helm (software)">Helm</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arch_Build_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Arch Build System">ABS</a></li> <li><a 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class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rust_(programming_language)" title="Rust (programming language)">Rust</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cargo_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cargo (software)">Cargo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Scala_(programming_language)" title="Scala (programming language)">Scala</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sbt_(software)" title="Sbt (software)">sbt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" 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