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href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esketamina" title="Esketamina – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Esketamina" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86" title="اسکتامین – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اسکتامین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esk%C3%A9tamine" title="Eskétamine – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Eskétamine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%82%B9%E3%82%B1%E3%82%BF%E3%83%9F%E3%83%B3" title="エスケタミン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エスケタミン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%8F%E0%AC%B8%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%87%E0%AC%9F%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%87%E0%AC%A8" title="ଏସ୍କେଟାମାଇନ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଏସ୍କେଟାମାଇନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esketamina" title="Esketamina – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Esketamina" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escetamina" title="Escetamina – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Escetamina" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esketamin%C4%83" title="Esketamină – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Esketamină" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Эскетамин – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Эскетамин" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esketamin" title="Esketamin – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Esketamin" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esketamin" title="Esketamin – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Esketamin" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esketamiini" title="Esketamiini – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Esketamiini" data-language-autonym="Suomi" 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Medication</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Pharmaceutical compound</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1269284339">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .dark_mode_safe img{background-color:var(--background-color-inverted,#f8f9fa)}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .dark_mode_safe img{background-color:var(--background-color-inverted,#f8f9fa)}}</style> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="border-spacing:2px;"><caption class="infobox-title"><span title="International nonproprietary name (INN): Esketamine">Esketamine</span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Esketamine2DCSD.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Esketamine2DCSD.svg/250px-Esketamine2DCSD.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Esketamine2DCSD.svg/330px-Esketamine2DCSD.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="478" data-file-height="508" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="dark_mode_safe" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:S-ketamine-from-HCl-xtal-3D-balls.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/S-ketamine-from-HCl-xtal-3D-balls.png/175px-S-ketamine-from-HCl-xtal-3D-balls.png" decoding="async" width="175" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/S-ketamine-from-HCl-xtal-3D-balls.png/263px-S-ketamine-from-HCl-xtal-3D-balls.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/S-ketamine-from-HCl-xtal-3D-balls.png/350px-S-ketamine-from-HCl-xtal-3D-balls.png 2x" data-file-width="874" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd;color:inherit;">Clinical data</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Drug_nomenclature#Trade_names" title="Drug nomenclature">Trade names</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Spravato, Ketanest, Spravado, others</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data">(<i>S</i>)-Ketamine; <i>S</i>(+)-Ketamine; JNJ-54135419</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/American_Society_of_Health-System_Pharmacists" title="American Society of Health-System Pharmacists">AHFS</a>/<a href="/wiki/Drugs.com" title="Drugs.com">Drugs.com</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="www.drugs.com"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.drugs.com/monograph/esketamine-hydrochloride.html">Monograph</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/MedlinePlus" title="MedlinePlus">MedlinePlus</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="medlineplus.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a619017.html">a619017</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Regulation_of_therapeutic_goods" title="Regulation of therapeutic goods">License data</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><small><abbr class="country-name" title="European Union">EU</abbr></small> <a href="/wiki/European_Medicines_Agency" title="European Medicines Agency">EMA</a>: <span title="www.ema.europa.eu: 'Esketamine'"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/search_api_aggregation_ema_active_substance_and_inn_common_name/Esketamine">by INN</a></span></li> <li><small><abbr class="country-name" title="United States">US</abbr></small> <a href="/wiki/DailyMed" title="DailyMed">DailyMed</a>: <span title="dailymed.nlm.nih.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/search.cfm?labeltype=all&query=Esketamine">Esketamine</a></span></li> <li><small><abbr class="country-name" title="United States">US</abbr></small> <span title="www.accessdata.fda.gov"><a href="/wiki/U.S._Food_and_Drug_Administration" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Food and Drug Administration">FDA</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/drugsatfda/index.cfm?fuseaction=Search.SearchAction&SearchTerm=Esketamine&SearchType=BasicSearch">Esketamine</a></span></li></ul></div> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Pregnancy_category" title="Pregnancy category">Pregnancy<br />category</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><small><abbr class="country-name" title="Australia">AU</abbr>:</small> B3<sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_APM_summary_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_APM_summary-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AusPAR:_Esketamine_hydrochloride_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AusPAR:_Esketamine_hydrochloride-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Addiction" title="Addiction">Addiction<br />liability</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Moderate<sup id="cite_ref-pmid35509224_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid35509224-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Route_of_administration" title="Route of administration">Routes of<br />administration</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Intranasal" class="mw-redirect" title="Intranasal">Intranasal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Intravenous_infusion" class="mw-redirect" title="Intravenous infusion">intravenous</a><sup id="cite_ref-HimmelseherPfenninger2008_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HimmelseherPfenninger2008-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Drug_class" title="Drug class">Drug class</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/NMDA_receptor_antagonist" title="NMDA receptor antagonist">NMDA receptor antagonist</a>; <a href="/wiki/Antidepressant" title="Antidepressant">Antidepressant</a>; <a href="/wiki/General_anesthetic" class="mw-redirect" title="General anesthetic">General anesthetic</a>; <a href="/wiki/Dissociative_hallucinogen" class="mw-redirect" title="Dissociative hallucinogen">Dissociative hallucinogen</a>; <a href="/wiki/Analgesic" title="Analgesic">Analgesic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Anatomical_Therapeutic_Chemical_Classification_System" title="Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System">ATC code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATC_code_N01" title="ATC code N01">N01AX14</a> (<span title="www.whocc.no"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=N01AX14">WHO</a></span>) <a href="/wiki/ATC_code_N06" title="ATC code N06">N06AX27</a> (<span title="www.whocc.no"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=N06AX27">WHO</a></span>)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd;color:inherit;">Legal status</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Regulation_of_therapeutic_goods" title="Regulation of therapeutic goods">Legal status</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><small><abbr class="country-name" title="Australia">AU</abbr>:</small> <a href="/wiki/Standard_for_the_Uniform_Scheduling_of_Medicines_and_Poisons#Schedule_8" title="Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Medicines and Poisons">S8</a> (Controlled drug)<sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_APM_summary_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_APM_summary-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AusPAR:_Esketamine_hydrochloride_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AusPAR:_Esketamine_hydrochloride-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><small><abbr class="country-name" title="Brazil">BR</abbr>:</small> <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Controlled_Drugs_and_Substances_Act#Class_B1" title="Brazilian Controlled Drugs and Substances Act">Class B1</a> (Psychoactive drugs)<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><small><abbr class="country-name" title="Canada">CA</abbr></small>: <a href="/wiki/Prescription_drug" title="Prescription drug"> ℞-only</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><small><abbr class="country-name" title="United Kingdom">UK</abbr>:</small> <a href="/wiki/Prescription_drug" title="Prescription drug">POM</a> (Prescription only)<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><small><abbr class="country-name" title="United States">US</abbr>:</small> <a href="/wiki/Controlled_Substances_Act#Schedule_III_drugs" title="Controlled Substances Act">Schedule III</a><sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_FDA_label-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><small><abbr class="country-name" title="European Union">EU</abbr>:</small> Rx-only<sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_EPAR_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_EPAR-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In general: ℞ (Prescription only)</li></ul></div> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Pharmacokinetics" title="Pharmacokinetics">Pharmacokinetic</a> data</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Bioavailability" title="Bioavailability">Bioavailability</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Intranasal: 30–50%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Biological_half-life" title="Biological half-life">Elimination <span class="nowrap">half-life</span></a></th><td class="infobox-data">5 hours</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd;color:inherit;">Identifiers</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div><a href="/wiki/IUPAC_nomenclature_of_chemistry" title="IUPAC nomenclature of chemistry">IUPAC name</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; word-break:break-all; text-align:left; padding-left:1.5em; text-indent:-1.5em;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="font-size: 97%;">(<i>S</i>)-2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)cyclohexanone</div></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/CAS_Registry_Number" title="CAS Registry Number">CAS Number</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="commonchemistry.cas.org"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=33643-46-8">33643-46-8</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li><li>HCl: <span title="commonchemistry.cas.org"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=33643-47-9">33643-47-9</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/PubChem#CID" title="PubChem">PubChem</a> <span style="font-weight:normal"><abbr title="Compound ID">CID</abbr></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/182137">182137</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Guide_to_Pharmacology" title="Guide to Pharmacology">IUPHAR/BPS</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.guidetopharmacology.org"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=9152">9152</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank">DrugBank</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.drugbank.ca"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB01221">DB01221</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li><li>HCl: <span title="www.drugbank.ca"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DBSALT002086">DBSALT002086</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/ChemSpider" title="ChemSpider">ChemSpider</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.chemspider.com"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.158414.html">158414</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li><li>HCl: <span title="www.chemspider.com"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.26332012.html">26332012</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Unique_Ingredient_Identifier" title="Unique Ingredient Identifier">UNII</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="precision.fda.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://precision.fda.gov/uniisearch/srs/unii/50LFG02TXD">50LFG02TXD</a></span></li><li>HCl: <span title="precision.fda.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://precision.fda.gov/uniisearch/srs/unii/L8P1H35P2Z">L8P1H35P2Z</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/KEGG" title="KEGG">KEGG</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.kegg.jp"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kegg.jp/entry/D07283">D07283</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li><li>HCl: <span title="www.kegg.jp"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kegg.jp/entry/D10627">D10627</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/ChEBI" title="ChEBI">ChEBI</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.ebi.ac.uk"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:60799">CHEBI:60799</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li><li>HCl: <span title="www.ebi.ac.uk"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:60800">CHEBI:60800</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/ChEMBL" title="ChEMBL">ChEMBL</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.ebi.ac.uk"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/explore/compound/ChEMBL395091">ChEMBL395091</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li><li>HCl: <span title="www.ebi.ac.uk"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/explore/compound/ChEMBL2364609">ChEMBL2364609</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Protein_Data_Bank" title="Protein Data Bank">PDB ligand</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>JC9 (<span title="www.ebi.ac.uk"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe-srv/PDBeXplore/ligand/?ligand=JC9">PDBe</a></span>, <span title="www.rcsb.org"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/ligand/JC9">RCSB PDB</a></span>)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/CompTox_Chemicals_Dashboard" title="CompTox Chemicals Dashboard">CompTox Dashboard</a> <span style="font-weight:normal">(<abbr title="U.S. Environmental Protection Agency">EPA</abbr>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="comptox.epa.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID6047810">DTXSID6047810</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2365493#P3117" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/ECHA_InfoCard" class="mw-redirect" title="ECHA InfoCard"><span title="echa.europa.eu">ECHA InfoCard</span></a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://echa.europa.eu/substance-information/-/substanceinfo/100.242.065">100.242.065</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2365493#P2566" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd;color:inherit;">Chemical and physical data</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Chemical_formula" title="Chemical formula">Formula</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Carbon">C</span><sub>13</sub><span title="Hydrogen">H</span><sub>16</sub><span title="Chlorine">Cl</span><span title="Nitrogen">N</span><span title="Oxygen">O</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Molar_mass" title="Molar mass">Molar mass</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7002237730000000000♠"></span>237.73</span> g·mol<sup>−1</sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;">3D model (<a href="/wiki/JSmol" class="mw-redirect" title="JSmol">JSmol</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="chemapps.stolaf.edu (3D interactive model)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://chemapps.stolaf.edu/jmol/jmol.php?model=CN%5BC%40%5D1%28c2ccccc2Cl%29CCCCC1%3DO">Interactive image</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div><a href="/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Simplified molecular-input line-entry system">SMILES</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; word-break:break-all;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; text-align:left; padding-left:1.5em; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">CN[C@]1(c2ccccc2Cl)CCCCC1=O</div></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div><a href="/wiki/International_Chemical_Identifier" title="International Chemical Identifier">InChI</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; word-break:break-all;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; text-align:left; padding-left:1.5em; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">InChI=1S/C13H16ClNO/c1-15-13(9-5-4-8-12(13)16)10-6-2-3-7-11(10)14/h2-3,6-7,15H,4-5,8-9H2,1H3/t13-/m0/s1<sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☒" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/7px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/11px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/14px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">N</span></sup></div></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; text-align:left; padding-left:1.5em; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">Key:YQEZLKZALYSWHR-ZDUSSCGKSA-N<sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☒" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/7px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/11px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/14px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">N</span></sup></div></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">  <span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ComparePages&rev1=461095357&page2=Esketamine">(verify)</a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Esketamine</b>, sold under the brand names <b>Spravato</b> (for <a href="/wiki/Depression_(mood)" title="Depression (mood)">depression</a>) and <b>Ketanest</b> (for <a href="/wiki/Anesthesia" title="Anesthesia">anesthesia</a>) among others,<sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_FDA_label-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is the <i>S</i>(+) <a href="/wiki/Enantiomer" title="Enantiomer">enantiomer</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ketamine" title="Ketamine">ketamine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-HimmelseherPfenninger2008_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HimmelseherPfenninger2008-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid33155503_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid33155503-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is a <a href="/wiki/Dissociative_hallucinogen" class="mw-redirect" title="Dissociative hallucinogen">dissociative hallucinogen</a> drug used as a <a href="/wiki/General_anesthetic" class="mw-redirect" title="General anesthetic">general anesthetic</a> and as an <a href="/wiki/Antidepressant" title="Antidepressant">antidepressant</a> for treatment of <a href="/wiki/Depression_(mood)" title="Depression (mood)">depression</a>. Esketamine is the <a href="/wiki/Biological_activity" title="Biological activity">active</a> enantiomer of ketamine in terms of <a href="/wiki/NMDA_receptor_antagonist" title="NMDA receptor antagonist">NMDA receptor antagonism</a> and is more <a href="/wiki/Potency_(pharmacology)" title="Potency (pharmacology)">potent</a> than <a href="/wiki/Racemic" class="mw-redirect" title="Racemic">racemic</a> ketamine.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid9806706_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid9806706-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It is specifically used as a therapy for <a href="/wiki/Treatment-resistant_depression" title="Treatment-resistant depression">treatment-resistant depression</a> (TRD) and for <a href="/wiki/Major_depressive_disorder" title="Major depressive disorder">major depressive disorder</a> (MDD) with co-occurring <a href="/wiki/Suicidal_ideation" title="Suicidal ideation">suicidal ideation</a> or <a href="/wiki/Suicide" title="Suicide">behavior</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_FDA_label-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid33726522_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid33726522-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its <a href="/wiki/Efficacy" title="Efficacy">efficacy</a> for depression is modest and similar to that of other antidepressants.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid34421147_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid34421147-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_FDA_label-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Esketamine is not used by <a href="/wiki/Intravenous_therapy" title="Intravenous therapy">infusion into a vein</a> for depression as it is only <a href="/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="Food and Drug Administration">FDA</a>-approved in the form of a <a href="/wiki/Nasal_spray" title="Nasal spray">nasal spray</a> under direct medical supervision for this indication (the parent compound ketamine is most often administered intravenously).<sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_FDA_label-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-HimmelseherPfenninger2008_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HimmelseherPfenninger2008-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Adverse_effect" title="Adverse effect">Adverse effects</a> of esketamine include <a href="/wiki/Dissociative_drug" class="mw-redirect" title="Dissociative drug">dissociation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dizziness" title="Dizziness">dizziness</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sedation" title="Sedation">sedation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nausea" title="Nausea">nausea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vomiting" title="Vomiting">vomiting</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vertigo" title="Vertigo">vertigo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hypoesthesia" title="Hypoesthesia">numbness</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anxiety" title="Anxiety">anxiety</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lethargy" title="Lethargy">lethargy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hypertension" title="Hypertension">increased blood pressure</a>, and feelings of <a href="/wiki/Drunkenness" class="mw-redirect" title="Drunkenness">drunkenness</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_FDA_label-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Less often, esketamine can cause <a href="/wiki/Urotoxicity" class="mw-redirect" title="Urotoxicity">bladder problems</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_FDA_label-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid33484298_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid33484298-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Esketamine acts primarily as a <a href="/wiki/NMDA_receptor_antagonist" title="NMDA receptor antagonist">NMDA receptor antagonist</a>, but also has other actions.<sup id="cite_ref-HimmelseherPfenninger2008_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HimmelseherPfenninger2008-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid33155503_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid33155503-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the form of <a href="/wiki/Racemate" class="mw-redirect" title="Racemate">racemic</a> ketamine, esketamine was first <a href="/wiki/Chemical_synthesis" title="Chemical synthesis">synthesized</a> in 1962 and introduced for medical use as an anesthetic in 1970.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid28418641_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid28418641-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Enantiopure" class="mw-redirect" title="Enantiopure">Enantiopure</a> esketamine was introduced for medical use as an anesthetic in 1997 and as an antidepressant in 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-HimmelseherPfenninger2008_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HimmelseherPfenninger2008-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_FDA_label-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FDA_PR_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FDA_PR-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is used as an anesthetic in the European Union and as an antidepressant in the United States and Canada.<sup id="cite_ref-FDA_PR_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FDA_PR-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Drugs.com_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Drugs.com-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid33174760_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid33174760-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to <a href="/wiki/Misuse_liability" class="mw-redirect" title="Misuse liability">misuse liability</a> as a dissociative hallucinogen, esketamine is a <a href="/wiki/Controlled_substance" title="Controlled substance">controlled substance</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid28418641_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid28418641-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_FDA_label-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Medical_uses">Medical uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esketamine&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Medical uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anesthesia">Anesthesia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esketamine&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Anesthesia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Esketamine is used for similar indications as ketamine.<sup id="cite_ref-HimmelseherPfenninger2008_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HimmelseherPfenninger2008-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Such uses include induction of anesthesia in high-risk patients such as those with <a href="/wiki/Shock_(circulatory)" title="Shock (circulatory)">circulatory shock</a>, severe <a href="/wiki/Bronchospasm" title="Bronchospasm">bronchospasm</a>, or as a supplement to <a href="/wiki/Regional_anesthesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Regional anesthesia">regional anesthesia</a> with incomplete <a href="/wiki/Nerve_block" title="Nerve block">nerve blocks</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-HimmelseherPfenninger2008_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HimmelseherPfenninger2008-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Depression">Depression</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esketamine&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Depression"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Ketamine-assisted_psychotherapy" title="Ketamine-assisted psychotherapy">Ketamine-assisted psychotherapy</a></div> <p>In the US, esketamine (brand name Spravato) is a nasal spray <a href="/wiki/Indicated" class="mw-redirect" title="Indicated">indicated</a>, as monotherapy, or in conjunction with an oral <a href="/wiki/Antidepressant" title="Antidepressant">antidepressant</a> as a therapy for <a href="/wiki/Treatment-resistant_depression" title="Treatment-resistant depression">treatment-resistant depression</a> (TRD) as well as <a href="/wiki/Major_depressive_disorder" title="Major depressive disorder">major depressive disorder</a> (MDD) associated with <a href="/wiki/Suicidal_ideation" title="Suicidal ideation">suicidal ideation</a> or <a href="/wiki/Suicidal_behavior" class="mw-redirect" title="Suicidal behavior">behavior</a> in adults.<sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_FDA_label-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the clinical trials that led to approval of esketamine, treatment-resistant depression was defined as major depressive disorder with inadequate response to at least two different conventional antidepressants.<sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_FDA_label-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The nasal spray formulation of esketamine used for depression delivers two sprays containing a total of 28 mg esketamine and doses of 56 mg (2 devices) to 84 mg (3 devices) are used.<sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_FDA_label-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to concerns about <a href="/wiki/Sedation" title="Sedation">sedation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dissociative_drug" class="mw-redirect" title="Dissociative drug">dissociation</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Drug_misuse" class="mw-redirect" title="Drug misuse">misuse</a>, esketamine is available for treatment of depression only from certified providers through a restricted program under a <a href="/wiki/Risk_Evaluation_and_Mitigation_Strategy" class="mw-redirect" title="Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy">Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy</a> (REMS) called Spravato REMS.<sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_FDA_label-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Five clinical studies of esketamine for treatment-resistant depression (TRANSFORM-1, -2, and -3, and SUSTAIN-1 and -2) were submitted to and evaluated by the FDA when approval of esketamine for treatment of treatment-resistant depression was sought by <a href="/wiki/Janssen_Pharmaceuticals" title="Janssen Pharmaceuticals">Janssen Pharmaceuticals</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid32456714_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid32456714-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid34447651_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid34447651-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of these five studies, three were short-term (4-week) efficacy studies (the TRANSFORM studies).<sup id="cite_ref-pmid32456714_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid32456714-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid31841104_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid31841104-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid34447651_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid34447651-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two of these three studies (TRANSFORM-1 and -3) did not find a <a href="/wiki/Statistical_significance" title="Statistical significance">statistically significant</a> antidepressant effect of esketamine relative to <a href="/wiki/Placebo" title="Placebo">placebo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid32456714_22-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid32456714-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid31841104_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid31841104-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid34421147_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid34421147-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid34447651_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid34447651-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the one positive short-term efficacy study (TRANSFORM-2), there was a 4.0-point difference between esketamine and placebo on the <a href="/wiki/Montgomery%E2%80%93%C3%85sberg_Depression_Rating_Scale" title="Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale">Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale</a> (MADRS) after 4 weeks of treatment (<i>P</i> = 0.020).<sup id="cite_ref-pmid32456714_22-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid32456714-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid31841104_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid31841104-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_FDA_label-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid34447651_23-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid34447651-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This scale ranges from 0 to 60 and the average score of the participants at the start of the study was about 37.0 in both the esketamine and placebo groups.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid32456714_22-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid32456714-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid31841104_24-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid31841104-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_FDA_label-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The total change in score after 4 weeks was –19.8 points in the esketamine group and –15.8 points in the placebo group.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid32456714_22-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid32456714-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_FDA_label-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This corresponded to a percentage change in MADRS score from baseline of –53.5% with esketamine and –42.4% with placebo (a difference and reduction of depression score of –11.1% potentially attributable to the pharmacological action of esketamine) in these patient samples.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid34421147_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid34421147-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_FDA_label-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Placebo showed 80.0% of the antidepressant effect of esketamine for treatment-resistant depression in this study and hence approximately 20.0% of the antidepressant response was attributable to esketamine.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid32456714_22-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid32456714-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_FDA_label-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid31680014_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid31680014-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the two negative short-term efficacy trials that did not reach statistical significance (TRANSFORM-1 and -3), the differences in MADRS reductions between esketamine and placebo were –3.2 (<i>P</i> = 0.088) and –3.6 (<i>P</i> = 0.059) after 4 weeks of treatment.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid34447651_23-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid34447651-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Short-term_antidepressant_efficacy_of_esketamine_versus_placebo_added_to_an_existing_oral_antidepressant_in_people_with_depression.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Short-term_antidepressant_efficacy_of_esketamine_versus_placebo_added_to_an_existing_oral_antidepressant_in_people_with_depression.png/400px-Short-term_antidepressant_efficacy_of_esketamine_versus_placebo_added_to_an_existing_oral_antidepressant_in_people_with_depression.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="249" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Short-term_antidepressant_efficacy_of_esketamine_versus_placebo_added_to_an_existing_oral_antidepressant_in_people_with_depression.png/600px-Short-term_antidepressant_efficacy_of_esketamine_versus_placebo_added_to_an_existing_oral_antidepressant_in_people_with_depression.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Short-term_antidepressant_efficacy_of_esketamine_versus_placebo_added_to_an_existing_oral_antidepressant_in_people_with_depression.png/800px-Short-term_antidepressant_efficacy_of_esketamine_versus_placebo_added_to_an_existing_oral_antidepressant_in_people_with_depression.png 2x" data-file-width="1969" data-file-height="1227" /></a><figcaption>Short-term antidepressant efficacy (as measured by change in MADRS total score from baseline over 4 weeks) with esketamine nasal spray (56 or 84 mg) added to an existing oral antidepressant (n = 114) versus placebo nasal spray added to an existing oral antidepressant (n = 109) in people with treatment-resistant depression in the single positive efficacy trial.<sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_FDA_label-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-TouchstoneTMS_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TouchstoneTMS-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In two other short-term efficacy trials, esketamine was not superior to placebo.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid32456714_22-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid32456714-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid31841104_24-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid31841104-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid34447651_23-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid34447651-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>The 4.0-point additional reduction in MADRS score with esketamine over placebo in the single positive efficacy trial corresponds to less than "minimal improvement" and has been criticized as being below the threshold for clinically meaningful change.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid32456714_22-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid32456714-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid31841104_24-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid31841104-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A difference of at least 6.5 points was originally suggested by the trial investigators to be a reasonable threshold for clinical significance.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid31841104_24-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid31841104-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid32456714_22-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid32456714-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In other literature, MADRS reductions have been interpreted as "very much improved" corresponding to 27–28 points, "much improved" to 16–17 points, and "minimally improved" to 7–9 points.<sup id="cite_ref-Paketci2021_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Paketci2021-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has additionally been argued that the small advantage in scores with esketamine may have been related to an enhanced placebo response in the esketamine group due to functional <a href="/wiki/Unblinding" class="mw-redirect" title="Unblinding">unblinding</a> caused by the <a href="/wiki/Psychoactive" class="mw-redirect" title="Psychoactive">psychoactive</a> effects of esketamine.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid32456714_22-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid32456714-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid33726522_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid33726522-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid33353946_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid33353946-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In other words, it is argued that the study was not truly a <a href="/wiki/Double-blind" class="mw-redirect" title="Double-blind">double-blind</a> <a href="/wiki/Controlled_trial" class="mw-redirect" title="Controlled trial">controlled trial</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid32456714_22-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid32456714-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid33726522_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid33726522-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Dissociative" title="Dissociative">Dissociation</a> was experienced as a side effect by a majority of participants who received esketamine (61–75% with esketamine and 5–12% with placebo; ~7-fold difference) and "severe" dissociation was experienced by 25%.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid32456714_22-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid32456714-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid31841104_24-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid31841104-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_FDA_label-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Deblinding and <a href="/wiki/Subject-expectancy_effect" title="Subject-expectancy effect">expectancy</a> <a href="/wiki/Confounding_variable" class="mw-redirect" title="Confounding variable">confounds</a> are problems with studies of <a href="/wiki/Hallucinogen" title="Hallucinogen">hallucinogens</a> for psychiatric indications in general.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid34038314_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid34038314-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid34227438_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid34227438-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The FDA normally requires at least two positive short-term efficacy studies for approval of antidepressants, but this requirement was loosened for esketamine and a relapse-prevention trial was allowed to fill the place of the second efficacy trial instead.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid32456714_22-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid32456714-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid31841104_24-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid31841104-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is the first time that the FDA is known to have made such an exception and the decision has been criticized as lowering regulatory standards.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid31841104_24-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid31841104-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the relapse-prevention trial (SUSTAIN-2), the rate of depression relapse was significantly lower with esketamine continued than with it discontinued and replaced with placebo in esketamine-treated stable responders and remitters (51% rate reduction in remitters and 70% reduction in responders).<sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_FDA_label-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid31841104_24-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid31841104-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid34447651_23-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid34447651-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Short-term_antidepressant_efficacy_of_esketamine_versus_placebo_added_to_an_existing_oral_antidepressant_in_people_with_depression_and_suicidality.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Short-term_antidepressant_efficacy_of_esketamine_versus_placebo_added_to_an_existing_oral_antidepressant_in_people_with_depression_and_suicidality.png/500px-Short-term_antidepressant_efficacy_of_esketamine_versus_placebo_added_to_an_existing_oral_antidepressant_in_people_with_depression_and_suicidality.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Short-term_antidepressant_efficacy_of_esketamine_versus_placebo_added_to_an_existing_oral_antidepressant_in_people_with_depression_and_suicidality.png/960px-Short-term_antidepressant_efficacy_of_esketamine_versus_placebo_added_to_an_existing_oral_antidepressant_in_people_with_depression_and_suicidality.png 1.5x" data-file-width="2069" data-file-height="1179" /></a><figcaption>Short-term antidepressant efficacy (as measured by change in MADRS total score from baseline over 4 weeks) with esketamine nasal spray (84 mg twice weekly) added to an existing oral antidepressant (n = 177–225) versus placebo nasal spray added to an existing oral antidepressant (n = 175–225) in people with major depressive disorder and suicidality in one of the two positive efficacy trials.<sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_FDA_label-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid34412104_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid34412104-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Findings were similar in the other positive short-term efficacy trial.<sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_FDA_label-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid34412104_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid34412104-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Esketamine was approved for the treatment of major depressive disorder with co-occurring suicidal ideation or behavior on the basis of two short-term (4-week) <a href="/wiki/Phases_of_clinical_research#Phase_III" title="Phases of clinical research">phase 3</a> trials (ASPIRE-1 and -2) of esketamine nasal spray added to a conventional antidepressant.<sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_FDA_label-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid33726522_15-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid33726522-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid34502248_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid34502248-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid34412104_31-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid34412104-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The primary efficacy measure was reduction in MADRS total score after 24 hours following the first dose of esketamine.<sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_FDA_label-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In both trials, MADRS scores were significantly reduced with esketamine relative to placebo at 24 hours.<sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_FDA_label-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The mean MADRS scores at baseline were 39.4 to 41.3 in all groups and the MADRS reductions at 24 hours were –15.9 and –16.0 with esketamine and –12.0 and –12.2 with placebo, resulting in mean differences between esketamine and placebo of –3.8 and –3.9.<sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_FDA_label-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The secondary efficacy measure in the trials was change in <a href="/wiki/Clinical_Global_Impression" class="mw-redirect" title="Clinical Global Impression">Clinical Global Impression of Suicidal Severity - Revised</a> (CGI-SS-r) 24 hours after the first dose of esketamine.<sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_FDA_label-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The CGI-SS-r is a single-item scale with scores ranging from 0 to 6.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid33726522_15-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid33726522-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Esketamine was not significantly effective in reducing suicidality relative to placebo on this measure either at 24 hours or after 25 days.<sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_FDA_label-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid34412104_31-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid34412104-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid33726522_15-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid33726522-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At 24 hours, CGI-SS-r scores were changed by –1.5 with esketamine and –1.3 with placebo, giving a non-significant mean difference between esketamine and placebo of –0.20.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid33726522_15-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid33726522-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hence, while efficacious in reducing depressive symptoms in people with depression and suicidality, <a href="/wiki/Antisuicidal" class="mw-redirect" title="Antisuicidal">antisuicidal</a> effects of esketamine in such individuals have not been demonstrated.<sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_FDA_label-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid33726522_15-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid33726522-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Expectations were initially very high for ketamine and esketamine for treatment of depression based on early small-scale clinical studies, with discovery of the rapid and ostensibly robust antidepressant effects of ketamine described by some authors as "the most important advance in the field of psychiatry in the past half century".<sup id="cite_ref-pmid29736744_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid29736744-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid32401866_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid32401866-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid28395988_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid28395988-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to a 2018 review, ketamine showed more than double the antidepressant <a href="/wiki/Effect_size" title="Effect size">effect size</a> over placebo of conventional antidepressants in the treatment of depression based on the preliminary evidence available at the time (<a href="/wiki/Cohen%27s_d" class="mw-redirect" title="Cohen's d">Cohen's <i>d</i></a> = 1.3–1.7 for ketamine, Cohen's <i>d</i> = 0.8 for <a href="/wiki/Midazolam" title="Midazolam">midazolam</a> (<a href="/wiki/Active_placebo" title="Active placebo">active placebo</a>), and Cohen's <i>d</i> = 0.53–0.81 for conventional antidepressants).<sup id="cite_ref-pmid29736744_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid29736744-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the efficacy of ketamine/esketamine for depression declined dramatically as studies became larger and more methodologically rigorous.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid34421147_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid34421147-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid35665948_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid35665948-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The effectiveness of esketamine for the indication of treatment-resistant depression is described as "modest" and is similar in magnitude to that of other antidepressants for treatment of major depressive disorder.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid34421147_16-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid34421147-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The comparative effectiveness of ketamine and esketamine in the treatment of depression has not been adequately characterized.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid33726522_15-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid33726522-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A January 2021 <a href="/wiki/Meta-analysis" title="Meta-analysis">meta-analysis</a> reported that ketamine was similarly effective to esketamine in terms of antidepressant effect size (<a href="/wiki/Standardized_mean_difference" class="mw-redirect" title="Standardized mean difference"><abbr title="standardized mean difference">SMD</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip standardized mean difference</span> for depression score of –1.1 vs. –1.2) but more effective than esketamine in terms of response and remission rates (<a href="/wiki/Risk_ratio" class="mw-redirect" title="Risk ratio"><abbr title="risk ratio">RR</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip risk ratio</span> = 3.01 vs. RR = 1.38 for response and RR = 3.70 vs. RR = 1.47 for remission).<sup id="cite_ref-pmid33022440_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid33022440-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid33726522_15-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid33726522-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid33571795_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid33571795-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A September 2021 <a href="/wiki/Cochrane_review" class="mw-redirect" title="Cochrane review">Cochrane review</a> found that ketamine had an effect size (SMD) for depression at 24<span class="nowrap"> </span>hours of –0.87, with very low certainty, and that esketamine had an effect size (SMD) at 24<span class="nowrap"> </span>hours of –0.31, based on moderate-certainty evidence.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid34510411_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid34510411-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, these meta-analyses have involved largely non-directly comparative studies with dissimilar research designs and patient populations.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid33022440_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid33022440-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid33726522_15-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid33726522-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid33571795_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid33571795-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Only a single clinical trial has directly compared ketamine and esketamine for depression as of May 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid33904154_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid33904154-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid33726522_15-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid33726522-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid31786030_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid31786030-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This study reported similar antidepressant efficacy as well as <a href="/wiki/Tolerability" title="Tolerability">tolerability</a> and <a href="/wiki/Psychotomimetic" class="mw-redirect" title="Psychotomimetic">psychotomimetic</a> effects between the two agents.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid33904154_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid33904154-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid33726522_15-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid33726522-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid31786030_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid31786030-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the study was small and <a href="/wiki/Statistical_power" class="mw-redirect" title="Statistical power">underpowered</a>, and more research is still needed to better-characterize the comparative antidepressant effects of ketamine and esketamine.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid33904154_40-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid33904154-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid33726522_15-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid33726522-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid31786030_41-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid31786030-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid33022440_37-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid33022440-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid33571795_38-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid33571795-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Preliminary research suggests that <a href="/wiki/Arketamine" title="Arketamine">arketamine</a>, the <i>R</i>(−) <a href="/wiki/Enantiomer" title="Enantiomer">enantiomer</a> of ketamine, may also have its own independent antidepressant effects and may contribute to the antidepressant efficacy of <a href="/wiki/Racemate" class="mw-redirect" title="Racemate">racemic</a> ketamine, but more research likewise is needed to evaluate this possibility.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid32224141_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid32224141-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid33963284_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid33963284-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2019, an outside panel of experts recommended in a 14–2 vote that the FDA approve the nasal spray version of esketamine for treatment-resistant depression, provided that it be given in a clinical setting, with people remaining on site for at least two hours after.<sup id="cite_ref-urlBloomberg_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-urlBloomberg-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Belluz_2019_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Belluz_2019-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The reasoning for this requirement is that trial participants temporarily experienced sedation, visual disturbances, trouble speaking, confusion, numbness, and feelings of dizziness during immediately after.<sup id="cite_ref-urlwww.fda.gov_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-urlwww.fda.gov-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The approval of esketamine for treatment-resistant depression by the FDA was controversial due to limited and mixed evidence of efficacy and safety.<sup id="cite_ref-Belluz_2019_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Belluz_2019-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid31841104_24-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid31841104-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid32456714_22-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid32456714-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid31680014_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid31680014-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In January 2020, esketamine was rejected by the <a href="/wiki/National_Health_Service" title="National Health Service">National Health Service</a> (NHS) of <a href="/wiki/Great_Britain" title="Great Britain">Great Britain</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC2020_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC2020-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The NHS questioned the benefits of the medication for depression and claimed that it was too expensive.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC2020_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC2020-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> People who have been already using esketamine were allowed to complete treatment if their doctors considered this necessary.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC2020_47-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC2020-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Spravato debuted to a cost of treatment of <span style="white-space: nowrap">US$32,400</span> per year when it launched in the United States in March 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-Blankenship_2019_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blankenship_2019-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Institute_for_Clinical_and_Economic_Review" title="Institute for Clinical and Economic Review">Institute for Clinical and Economic Review</a> (ICER), which evaluates cost effectiveness of drugs analogously to the <a href="/wiki/National_Institute_for_Health_and_Care_Excellence" title="National Institute for Health and Care Excellence">National Institute for Health and Care Excellence</a> (NICE) in the United Kingdom, declined to recommend esketamine for depression due to its steep cost and modest efficacy, deeming it not sufficiently cost-effective.<sup id="cite_ref-Blankenship_2019_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blankenship_2019-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NICE2022_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NICE2022-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Esketamine is the second drug to be approved for treatment-resistant depression by the FDA, following <a href="/wiki/Olanzapine/fluoxetine" title="Olanzapine/fluoxetine">olanzapine/fluoxetine</a> (Symbyax) in 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid31680014_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid31680014-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid33647726_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid33647726-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other agents, like the <a href="/wiki/Atypical_antipsychotic" title="Atypical antipsychotic">atypical antipsychotics</a> <a href="/wiki/Aripiprazole" title="Aripiprazole">aripiprazole</a> (Abilify) and <a href="/wiki/Quetiapine" title="Quetiapine">quetiapine</a> (Seroquel), have been approved for use in the <a href="/wiki/Adjunct_therapy" class="mw-redirect" title="Adjunct therapy">adjunctive therapy</a> of major depressive disorder in people with a partial response to treatment.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid31680014_25-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid31680014-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a meta-analysis conducted internally by the FDA during its evaluation of esketamine for treatment-resistant depression, the FDA reported a <a href="/wiki/Standardized_mean_difference" class="mw-redirect" title="Standardized mean difference">standardized mean difference</a> (SMD) of esketamine for treatment-resistant depression of 0.28 using the three <a href="/wiki/Phases_of_clinical_research#Phase_III" title="Phases of clinical research">phase III</a> short-term efficacy trials conducted by Janssen.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid31680014_25-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid31680014-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was similar to an SMD of 0.26 for olanzapine/fluoxetine for treatment-resistant depression and lower than SMDs of 0.35 for aripiprazole and 0.40 for quetiapine as adjuncts for major depressive disorder.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid31680014_25-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid31680014-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These drugs are less expensive than esketamine and may serve as more affordable alternatives to it for depression with similar effectiveness.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid31680014_25-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid31680014-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Adverse_effects">Adverse effects</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esketamine&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Adverse effects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Ketamine#Adverse_effects" title="Ketamine">Ketamine § Adverse effects</a></div> <p>The most common <a href="/wiki/Adverse_effect" title="Adverse effect">adverse effects</a> of esketamine for depression (≥5% incidence) include <a href="/wiki/Dissociative_drug" class="mw-redirect" title="Dissociative drug">dissociation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dizziness" title="Dizziness">dizziness</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sedation" title="Sedation">sedation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nausea" title="Nausea">nausea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vomiting" title="Vomiting">vomiting</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vertigo" title="Vertigo">vertigo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hypoesthesia" title="Hypoesthesia">numbness</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anxiety" title="Anxiety">anxiety</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lethargy" title="Lethargy">lethargy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hypertension" title="Hypertension">increased blood pressure</a>, and feelings of <a href="/wiki/Drunkenness" class="mw-redirect" title="Drunkenness">drunkenness</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_FDA_label-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Long-term abuse of <a href="/wiki/Ketamine" title="Ketamine">ketamine</a> has been associated with <a href="/wiki/Bladder_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Bladder disease">bladder disease</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_FDA_label-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid33484298_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid33484298-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pharmacology">Pharmacology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esketamine&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Pharmacology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Ketamine#Pharmacology" title="Ketamine">Ketamine § Pharmacology</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pharmacodynamics">Pharmacodynamics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esketamine&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Pharmacodynamics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Esketamine is approximately twice as potent an anesthetic as racemic ketamine.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid9893910_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid9893910-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In mice, the rapid antidepressant effect of <a href="/wiki/Arketamine" title="Arketamine">arketamine</a> was greater and lasted longer than that of esketamine.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid24316345_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid24316345-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The usefulness of arketamine over esketamine has been supported by other researchers.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid27354907_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid27354907-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid27646666_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid27646666-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid27488193_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid27488193-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Esketamine inhibits <a href="/wiki/Dopamine_transporter" title="Dopamine transporter">dopamine transporters</a> eight times more than arketamine.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid10553955_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid10553955-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This increases dopamine activity in the brain. At doses causing the same intensity of effects, esketamine is generally considered to be more pleasant by patients.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid1443509_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid1443509-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid7840417_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid7840417-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Patients also generally recover mental function more quickly after being treated with pure esketamine, which may be a result of the fact that it is cleared from their system more quickly.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid9893910_51-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid9893910-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid9088882_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid9088882-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is however in contradiction with arketamine being devoid of <a href="/wiki/Psychotomimetic" class="mw-redirect" title="Psychotomimetic">psychotomimetic</a> side effects.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid26327690_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid26327690-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Unlike arketamine, esketamine does not bind significantly to <a href="/wiki/Sigma_receptor" title="Sigma receptor">sigma receptors</a>. Esketamine increases <a href="/wiki/Glucose" title="Glucose">glucose</a> metabolism in the <a href="/wiki/Frontal_cortex" class="mw-redirect" title="Frontal cortex">frontal cortex</a>, while arketamine decreases glucose metabolism in the brain. This difference may be responsible for the fact that esketamine generally has a more dissociative or <a href="/wiki/Hallucinogenic" class="mw-redirect" title="Hallucinogenic">hallucinogenic</a> effect while arketamine is reportedly more relaxing.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid9088882_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid9088882-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, another study found no difference between racemic ketamine and esketamine on the patient's level of vigilance.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid1443509_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid1443509-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Interpretation of this finding is complicated by the fact that racemic ketamine is 50% esketamine.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pharmacokinetics">Pharmacokinetics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esketamine&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Pharmacokinetics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Esketamine is <a href="/wiki/Elimination_(pharmacology)" title="Elimination (pharmacology)">eliminated</a> from the human body more quickly than arketamine (<i>R</i>(–)-ketamine) or racemic ketamine, although arketamine slows the elimination of esketamine.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid11719729_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid11719729-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Biological_half-life" title="Biological half-life">half-life</a> of esketamine was found to be approximately 5 hours.<sup id="cite_ref-McIntyre_2021_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McIntyre_2021-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When administered intranasally, esketamine’s <a href="/wiki/Bioavailability" title="Bioavailability">bioavailability</a> is approximately 30–50%.<sup id="cite_ref-McIntyre_2021_63-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McIntyre_2021-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esketamine&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Esketamine was introduced for medical use as an anesthetic in <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> in 1997, and was subsequently marketed in other countries.<sup id="cite_ref-HimmelseherPfenninger2008_5-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HimmelseherPfenninger2008-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Drugs.com_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Drugs.com-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to its anesthetic effects, the medication showed properties of being a rapid-acting antidepressant, and was subsequently investigated for use as such.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid28598698_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid28598698-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AdisInsight_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AdisInsight-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Esketamine received a <a href="/wiki/Breakthrough_therapy" title="Breakthrough therapy">breakthrough designation</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="Food and Drug Administration"><abbr title="Food and Drug Administration">FDA</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Food and Drug Administration</span> for <a href="/wiki/Treatment-resistant_depression" title="Treatment-resistant depression">treatment-resistant depression</a> (TRD) in 2013 and <a href="/wiki/Major_depressive_disorder" title="Major depressive disorder">major depressive disorder</a> (MDD) with accompanying <a href="/wiki/Suicidal_ideation" title="Suicidal ideation">suicidal ideation</a> in 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-AdisInsight_65-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AdisInsight-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid28194724_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid28194724-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 2017, it completed <a href="/wiki/Phases_of_clinical_research#Phase_III" title="Phases of clinical research">phase III</a> <a href="/wiki/Clinical_trial" title="Clinical trial">clinical trials</a> for <a href="/wiki/Treatment-resistant_depression" title="Treatment-resistant depression">treatment-resistant depression</a> in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid28598698_64-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid28598698-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AdisInsight_65-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AdisInsight-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Johnson_%26_Johnson" title="Johnson & Johnson">Johnson & Johnson</a> filed a <a href="/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="Food and Drug Administration">Food and Drug Administration</a> (FDA) <a href="/wiki/New_Drug_Application" title="New Drug Application">New Drug Application</a> (NDA) for approval on 4 September 2018;<sup id="cite_ref-Press_Release_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Press_Release-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the application was endorsed by an FDA advisory panel on 12 February 2019, and on 5 March 2019, the FDA approved esketamine, in conjunction with an oral antidepressant, for the treatment of depression in adults.<sup id="cite_ref-FDA_PR_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FDA_PR-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 2020, it was approved by the U.S. <a href="/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="Food and Drug Administration">Food and Drug Administration</a> (FDA) with the added indication for the short-term treatment of suicidal thoughts.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since the 1980s, closely associated <a href="/wiki/Ketamine" title="Ketamine">ketamine</a> has been used as a <a href="/wiki/Club_drug" title="Club drug">club drug</a> also known as "Special K" for its <a href="/wiki/Psychedelic_experience" title="Psychedelic experience">trip</a>-inducing side effects.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Society_and_culture">Society and culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esketamine&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Society and culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Names">Names</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esketamine&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Names"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Esketamine</i> is the <a href="/wiki/Generic_term" class="mw-redirect" title="Generic term">generic name</a> of the drug and its <a href="/wiki/International_Nonproprietary_Name" class="mw-redirect" title="International Nonproprietary Name"><abbr title="International Nonproprietary Name">INN</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip International Nonproprietary Name</span> and <a href="/wiki/British_Approved_Name" title="British Approved Name"><abbr title="British Approved Name">BAN</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip British Approved Name</span>, while <i>esketamine hydrochloride</i> is its <a href="/wiki/British_Approved_Name,_Modified" class="mw-redirect" title="British Approved Name, Modified"><abbr title="British Approved Name, Modified">BANM</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip British Approved Name, Modified</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-Drugs.com_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Drugs.com-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is also known as <i>S(+)-ketamine</i>, <i>(</i>S<i>)-ketamine</i>, or <i>(–)-ketamine</i> (<i>(-)[+] ketamine</i>), as well as by its developmental code name <i>JNJ-54135419</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Drugs.com_20-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Drugs.com-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AdisInsight_65-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AdisInsight-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Esketamine is sold under the brand name Spravato for use as an <a href="/wiki/Antidepressant" title="Antidepressant">antidepressant</a> and the brand names Eskesia, Ketanest, Ketanest S, Ketanest-S, Keta-S for use as an <a href="/wiki/Anesthetic" title="Anesthetic">anesthetic</a> (<a href="/wiki/Veterinary_medicine" title="Veterinary medicine">veterinary</a>), among others.<sup id="cite_ref-Drugs.com_20-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Drugs.com-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legal_status">Legal status</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esketamine&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Legal status"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Esketamine is a <a href="/wiki/Controlled_Substances_Act#Schedule_III_controlled_substances" title="Controlled Substances Act">Schedule III</a> <a href="/wiki/Controlled_substance" title="Controlled substance">controlled substance</a> in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spravato_FDA_label-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Esketamine is a controlled drug In The <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a> due to its potential for abuse, its use is only under strict medical supervision which is only available on government hospitals in the country, and its use only approved for <a href="/wiki/Treatment-resistant_depression" title="Treatment-resistant depression">treatment-resistant depression</a> registered under the trademark Spravato.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esketamine&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Spravato_APM_summary-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_APM_summary_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_APM_summary_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tga.gov.au/apm-summary/spravato">"Spravato"</a>. <i>Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA)</i>. 17 March 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210909050655/https://www.tga.gov.au/apm-summary/spravato">Archived</a> from the original on 9 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Therapeutic+Goods+Administration+%28TGA%29&rft.atitle=Spravato&rft.date=2021-03-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tga.gov.au%2Fapm-summary%2Fspravato&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEsketamine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AusPAR:_Esketamine_hydrochloride-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AusPAR:_Esketamine_hydrochloride_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AusPAR:_Esketamine_hydrochloride_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tga.gov.au/auspar/auspar-esketamine-hydrochloride">"AusPAR: Esketamine hydrochloride"</a>. <i>Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA)</i>. 24 May 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210909052157/https://www.tga.gov.au/auspar/auspar-esketamine-hydrochloride">Archived</a> from the original on 9 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Therapeutic+Goods+Administration+%28TGA%29&rft.atitle=AusPAR%3A+Esketamine+hydrochloride&rft.date=2021-05-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tga.gov.au%2Fauspar%2Fauspar-esketamine-hydrochloride&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEsketamine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tga.gov.au/resources/resource/guidance/updates-prescribing-medicines-pregnancy-database">"Updates to the Prescribing Medicines in Pregnancy database"</a>. <i>Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA)</i>. 12 May 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220403064059/https://www.tga.gov.au/updates-prescribing-medicines-pregnancy-database">Archived</a> from the original on 3 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RDC+N%C2%BA+784+-+Listas+de+Subst%C3%A2ncias+Entorpecentes%2C+Psicotr%C3%B3picas%2C+Precursoras+e+Outras+sob+Controle+Especial&rft.pub=Di%C3%A1rio+Oficial+da+Uni%C3%A3o&rft.date=2023-03-31&rft.au=Anvisa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.in.gov.br%2Fen%2Fweb%2Fdou%2F-%2Fresolucao-rdc-n-784-de-31-de-marco-de-2023-474904992&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEsketamine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hpr-rps.hres.ca/reg-content/regulatory-decision-summary-detail.php?linkID=RDS00738">"Regulatory Decision Summary - Spravato -"</a>. <i>Health Canada</i>. 23 October 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220606053958/https://hpr-rps.hres.ca/reg-content/regulatory-decision-summary-detail.php?linkID=RDS00738">Archived</a> from the original on 6 June 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Health+Canada&rft.atitle=Regulatory+Decision+Summary+-+Spravato+-&rft.date=2014-10-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhpr-rps.hres.ca%2Freg-content%2Fregulatory-decision-summary-detail.php%3FlinkID%3DRDS00738&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEsketamine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/product/10977/smpc">"Spravato 28 mg nasal spray, solution - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)"</a>. <i>(emc)</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210828075714/https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/product/10977/smpc">Archived</a> from the original on 28 August 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%28emc%29&rft.atitle=Spravato+28+mg+nasal+spray%2C+solution+-+Summary+of+Product+Characteristics+%28SmPC%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicines.org.uk%2Femc%2Fproduct%2F10977%2Fsmpc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEsketamine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210421011315/https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/product/9413/smpc">"Vesierra 25 mg/ml solution for injection/infusion - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)"</a>. <i>(emc)</i>. 21 February 2020. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/product/9413/smpc">the original</a> on 21 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%28emc%29&rft.atitle=Vesierra+25+mg%2Fml+solution+for+injection%2Finfusion+-+Summary+of+Product+Characteristics+%28SmPC%29&rft.date=2020-02-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicines.org.uk%2Femc%2Fproduct%2F9413%2Fsmpc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEsketamine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Spravato_FDA_label-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-21"><sup><i><b>v</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-22"><sup><i><b>w</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-23"><sup><i><b>x</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-24"><sup><i><b>y</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-25"><sup><i><b>z</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-26"><sup><i><b>aa</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-27"><sup><i><b>ab</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-28"><sup><i><b>ac</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-29"><sup><i><b>ad</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-30"><sup><i><b>ae</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-31"><sup><i><b>af</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_FDA_label_10-32"><sup><i><b>ag</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=d81a6a79-a74a-44b7-822c-0dfa3036eaed">"Spravato- esketamine hydrochloride solution"</a>. <i>DailyMed</i>. 6 August 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210318154126/https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=d81a6a79-a74a-44b7-822c-0dfa3036eaed">Archived</a> from the original on 18 March 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DailyMed&rft.atitle=Spravato-+esketamine+hydrochloride+solution&rft.date=2020-08-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdailymed.nlm.nih.gov%2Fdailymed%2FdrugInfo.cfm%3Fsetid%3Dd81a6a79-a74a-44b7-822c-0dfa3036eaed&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEsketamine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Spravato_EPAR-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Spravato_EPAR_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/spravato">"Spravato EPAR"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/European_Medicines_Agency" title="European Medicines Agency">European Medicines Agency</a> (EMA)</i>. 16 October 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201123231245/https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/spravato">Archived</a> from the original on 23 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=European+Medicines+Agency+%28EMA%29&rft.atitle=Spravato+EPAR&rft.date=2019-10-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ema.europa.eu%2Fen%2Fmedicines%2Fhuman%2FEPAR%2Fspravato&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEsketamine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFOnline" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Online GL. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gelbe-liste.de/wirkstoffe/Esketamin_45078">"Esketamin - Anwendung, Wirkung, Nebenwirkungen | Gelbe Liste"</a>. <i>Gelbe Liste Online</i> (in German). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230724172404/https://www.gelbe-liste.de/wirkstoffe/Esketamin_45078">Archived</a> from the original on 24 July 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gelbe+Liste+Online&rft.atitle=Esketamin+-+Anwendung%2C+Wirkung%2C+Nebenwirkungen+%7C+Gelbe+Liste&rft.aulast=Online&rft.aufirst=GL&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gelbe-liste.de%2Fwirkstoffe%2FEsketamin_45078&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEsketamine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid33155503-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pmid33155503_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid33155503_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJelenYoungStone2021" class="citation journal cs1">Jelen LA, Young AH, Stone JM (February 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7859674">"Ketamine: A tale of two enantiomers"</a>. <i>J Psychopharmacol</i>. <b>35</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">109–</span>123. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0269881120959644">10.1177/0269881120959644</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7859674">7859674</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33155503">33155503</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J+Psychopharmacol&rft.atitle=Ketamine%3A+A+tale+of+two+enantiomers&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E109-%3C%2Fspan%3E123&rft.date=2021-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC7859674%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F33155503&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F0269881120959644&rft.aulast=Jelen&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.au=Young%2C+AH&rft.au=Stone%2C+JM&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC7859674&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEsketamine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid9806706-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid9806706_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKohrsDurieux1998" class="citation journal cs1">Kohrs R, Durieux ME (November 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1213%2F00000539-199811000-00039">"Ketamine: teaching an old drug new tricks"</a>. <i>Anesthesia and Analgesia</i>. <b>87</b> (5): <span class="nowrap">1186–</span>1193. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1213%2F00000539-199811000-00039">10.1213/00000539-199811000-00039</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9806706">9806706</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Anesthesia+and+Analgesia&rft.atitle=Ketamine%3A+teaching+an+old+drug+new+tricks&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1186-%3C%2Fspan%3E1193&rft.date=1998-11&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1213%2F00000539-199811000-00039&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F9806706&rft.aulast=Kohrs&rft.aufirst=R&rft.au=Durieux%2C+ME&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1213%252F00000539-199811000-00039&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEsketamine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid33726522-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pmid33726522_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid33726522_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid33726522_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid33726522_15-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid33726522_15-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid33726522_15-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid33726522_15-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid33726522_15-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid33726522_15-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid33726522_15-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid33726522_15-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid33726522_15-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid33726522_15-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid33726522_15-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMcIntyreRosenblatNemeroffSanacora2021" class="citation journal cs1">McIntyre RS, Rosenblat JD, Nemeroff CB, Sanacora G, Murrough JW, Berk M, et al. (May 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9635017">"Synthesizing the Evidence for Ketamine and Esketamine in Treatment-Resistant Depression: An International Expert Opinion on the Available Evidence and Implementation"</a>. <i>Am J Psychiatry</i>. <b>178</b> (5): <span class="nowrap">383–</span>399. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1176%2Fappi.ajp.2020.20081251">10.1176/appi.ajp.2020.20081251</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9635017">9635017</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33726522">33726522</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:232262694">232262694</a>. <q>A legitimate criticism, as it relates to interpreting the effect sizes reported with single or repeat-dose ketamine in treatment-resistant depression, is the possibility that nonspecific effects such as functional unblinding (e.g., by patients experiencing dissociation or euphoric responses) and expectancymayinadvertentlyinflate the efficacy of ketamine (51, 52). [...] Given the absence of an adequately designed head-to-head trial, the relative efficacies of intranasal esketamine and intravenous racemic ketamine are not known (65). [...] A recent meta-analysis comparing intranasal and intravenous ketamine formulations was unable to identify a significant difference between formulations as well as routes of delivery in efficacy at 24 hours, 7 days, and 28 days (17). A separate meta-analysis concluded that intravenous ketamine may be superior in efficacy and have lower dropout rates (66). However, it is difficult to draw definitive conclusions from these analyses given the heterogeneity across component studies.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Am+J+Psychiatry&rft.atitle=Synthesizing+the+Evidence+for+Ketamine+and+Esketamine+in+Treatment-Resistant+Depression%3A+An+International+Expert+Opinion+on+the+Available+Evidence+and+Implementation&rft.volume=178&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E383-%3C%2Fspan%3E399&rft.date=2021-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC9635017%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A232262694%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F33726522&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1176%2Fappi.ajp.2020.20081251&rft.aulast=McIntyre&rft.aufirst=RS&rft.au=Rosenblat%2C+JD&rft.au=Nemeroff%2C+CB&rft.au=Sanacora%2C+G&rft.au=Murrough%2C+JW&rft.au=Berk%2C+M&rft.au=Brietzke%2C+E&rft.au=Dodd%2C+S&rft.au=Gorwood%2C+P&rft.au=Ho%2C+R&rft.au=Iosifescu%2C+DV&rft.au=Lopez+Jaramillo%2C+C&rft.au=Kasper%2C+S&rft.au=Kratiuk%2C+K&rft.au=Lee%2C+JG&rft.au=Lee%2C+Y&rft.au=Lui%2C+LM&rft.au=Mansur%2C+RB&rft.au=Papakostas%2C+GI&rft.au=Subramaniapillai%2C+M&rft.au=Thase%2C+M&rft.au=Vieta%2C+E&rft.au=Young%2C+AH&rft.au=Zarate%2C+CA&rft.au=Stahl%2C+S&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC9635017&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEsketamine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid34421147-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pmid34421147_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid34421147_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid34421147_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid34421147_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid34421147_16-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKhanMarBrown2021" class="citation journal cs1">Khan A, Mar KF, Brown WA (June 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8374926">"Consistently Modest Antidepressant Effects in Clinical Trials: the Role of Regulatory Requirements"</a>. <i>Psychopharmacol Bull</i>. <b>51</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">79–</span>108. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8374926">8374926</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34421147">34421147</a>. <q>Even drugs with novel mechanisms of action such as the esketamine nasal spray show the same effect size and look nearly identical to other antidepressants when evaluated in the regulatory context (42% symptom reduction with placebo, 54% with drug, effect size 0.29). However, it must be taken under consideration that this trial was unique from the others in that it was an adjunctive study of esketamine nasal spray in treatment resistant patients. It is worth noting that two shortterm trials conducted for regulatory approval of esketamine but not included in the label did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.058 and P = 0.088).28 Independent analysis of these esketamine trial data submitted to the FDA show that despite expectations from smallscale preliminary studies, esketamine performs modestly in patients with treatment resistant depression in the context of large, regulatory trials.29 These authors also raised concerns about the potential lack of specificity of drug effects and the risk of side effects demonstrated in these trials. [...] False negatives are well-known risks of small sized studies. However, it is equally important to note that if we do not enroll adequate sample sizes we will continue run the serious risk of getting an inflated false positive resulting in an overestimate of treatment effects that is not replicable (as was the case with many of the earlier regulatory trials, which tended to have small sample sizes).25 This is especially pertinent for early pilot studies of investigational antidepressants (phase I and II trials), which are not always subject to the same regulatory statutes of later stage trials. This phenomenon is illustrated by the dramatic decline of treatment effect sizes seen with esketamine over the course of development (from small pilot studies to large regulatory trials). Although regulatory agencies allow for more lenient methods for exploratory purposes, this method may yield misleading conclusions because these small trials are invariably under-powered. Specifically, these exploratory trials may end up with an erroneously low placebo response and thus a falsely inflated estimate of effect size.46 This possibility is under appreciated by many investigators but should be strongly considered given the persistence of modest effect sizes in regulatory trials of antidepressants.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychopharmacol+Bull&rft.atitle=Consistently+Modest+Antidepressant+Effects+in+Clinical+Trials%3A+the+Role+of+Regulatory+Requirements&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E79-%3C%2Fspan%3E108&rft.date=2021-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC8374926%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F34421147&rft.aulast=Khan&rft.aufirst=A&rft.au=Mar%2C+KF&rft.au=Brown%2C+WA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC8374926&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEsketamine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid33484298-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pmid33484298_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid33484298_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNgLuiRosenblatTeopiz2021" class="citation journal cs1">Ng J, Lui LM, Rosenblat JD, Teopiz KM, Lipsitz O, Cha DS, et al. 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"Antidepressant Efficacy and Tolerability of Ketamine and Esketamine: A Critical Review". <i>CNS Drugs</i>. <b>32</b> (5): <span class="nowrap">411–</span>420. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs40263-018-0519-3">10.1007/s40263-018-0519-3</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29736744">29736744</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:13679905">13679905</a>. <q>In brief, these studies (Table 1) have globally assessed responses to a single dose of intravenous ketamine in 166 patients with TDR with multiple treatment failures, including electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). The findings provide evidence of improvement in depressive symptoms within hours, with a response rate > 60% in the first 4.5 and 24 h, and > 40% after 7 days, with a big effect size in comparison with placebo (Cohen's d 1.3–1.7) or active placebo (midazolam, d = 0.8). These figures, though preliminary, contrast with the average effect size of conventional antidepressants (Cohen's d 0.53–0.81 in patients with intense symptoms) [32] and their response latency (about 4–7 weeks) [1].</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNS+Drugs&rft.atitle=Antidepressant+Efficacy+and+Tolerability+of+Ketamine+and+Esketamine%3A+A+Critical+Review&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E411-%3C%2Fspan%3E420&rft.date=2018-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A13679905%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F29736744&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs40263-018-0519-3&rft.aulast=Molero&rft.aufirst=P&rft.au=Ramos-Quiroga%2C+JA&rft.au=Martin-Santos%2C+R&rft.au=Calvo-S%C3%A1nchez%2C+E&rft.au=Guti%C3%A9rrez-Rojas%2C+L&rft.au=Meana%2C+JJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEsketamine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid32401866-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid32401866_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLacerda2020" class="citation journal cs1">Lacerda AL (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7678896">"Esketamine/ketamine for treatment-resistant depression"</a>. <i>Braz J Psychiatry</i>. <b>42</b> (6): <span class="nowrap">579–</span>580. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1590%2F1516-4446-2020-0996">10.1590/1516-4446-2020-0996</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7678896">7678896</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32401866">32401866</a>. <q>Some authors have described the discovery of rapid and robust antidepressant effects of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist ketamine as the most important advance in the field of psychiatry in the past half century.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Braz+J+Psychiatry&rft.atitle=Esketamine%2Fketamine+for+treatment-resistant+depression&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E579-%3C%2Fspan%3E580&rft.date=2020&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC7678896%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F32401866&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1590%2F1516-4446-2020-0996&rft.aulast=Lacerda&rft.aufirst=AL&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC7678896&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEsketamine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid28395988-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid28395988_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSinghMorganCurranNutt2017" class="citation journal cs1">Singh I, Morgan C, Curran V, Nutt D, Schlag A, McShane R (May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1552865/1/Singh_Ketamine_treatment_depression_AAM.pdf">"Ketamine treatment for depression: opportunities for clinical innovation and ethical foresight"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Lancet Psychiatry</i>. <b>4</b> (5): <span class="nowrap">419–</span>426. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS2215-0366%2817%2930102-5">10.1016/S2215-0366(17)30102-5</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10871%2F30208">10871/30208</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28395988">28395988</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:28186580">28186580</a>. <q>Ketamine has been hailed as the most important advance in the treatment of depression of the past 50 years.1</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lancet+Psychiatry&rft.atitle=Ketamine+treatment+for+depression%3A+opportunities+for+clinical+innovation+and+ethical+foresight&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E419-%3C%2Fspan%3E426&rft.date=2017-05&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F10871%2F30208&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A28186580%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F28395988&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS2215-0366%2817%2930102-5&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=I&rft.au=Morgan%2C+C&rft.au=Curran%2C+V&rft.au=Nutt%2C+D&rft.au=Schlag%2C+A&rft.au=McShane%2C+R&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdiscovery.ucl.ac.uk%2Fid%2Feprint%2F1552865%2F1%2FSingh_Ketamine_treatment_depression_AAM.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEsketamine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid35665948-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid35665948_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMooreAlamiAlexanderMattison2022" class="citation journal cs1">Moore TJ, Alami A, Alexander GC, Mattison DR (July 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9540857">"Safety and effectiveness of NMDA receptor antagonists for depression: A multidisciplinary review"</a>. <i>Pharmacotherapy</i>. <b>42</b> (7): <span class="nowrap">567–</span>579. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fphar.2707">10.1002/phar.2707</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9540857">9540857</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35665948">35665948</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:249434988">249434988</a>. <q>The promising results seen in the small, single-infusion, single-center trials of racemic ketamine were generally not replicated in the larger, multi-site trials of esketamine nasal spray. The esketamine trials were also subject to FDA site inspections, data integrity checks, and other forms of independent scrutiny.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacotherapy&rft.atitle=Safety+and+effectiveness+of+NMDA+receptor+antagonists+for+depression%3A+A+multidisciplinary+review&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E567-%3C%2Fspan%3E579&rft.date=2022-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC9540857%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A249434988%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F35665948&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fphar.2707&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=TJ&rft.au=Alami%2C+A&rft.au=Alexander%2C+GC&rft.au=Mattison%2C+DR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC9540857&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEsketamine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid33022440-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pmid33022440_37-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid33022440_37-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid33022440_37-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBahjiVazquezZarate2021" class="citation journal cs1">Bahji A, Vazquez GH, Zarate CA (January 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7704936">"Comparative efficacy of racemic ketamine and esketamine for depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis"</a>. <i>J Affect Disord</i>. <b>278</b>: <span class="nowrap">542–</span>555. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jad.2020.09.071">10.1016/j.jad.2020.09.071</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7704936">7704936</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33022440">33022440</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J+Affect+Disord&rft.atitle=Comparative+efficacy+of+racemic+ketamine+and+esketamine+for+depression%3A+A+systematic+review+and+meta-analysis&rft.volume=278&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E542-%3C%2Fspan%3E555&rft.date=2021-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC7704936%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F33022440&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jad.2020.09.071&rft.aulast=Bahji&rft.aufirst=A&rft.au=Vazquez%2C+GH&rft.au=Zarate%2C+CA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC7704936&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEsketamine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid33571795-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pmid33571795_38-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid33571795_38-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid33571795_38-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDrevetsPopovaDalyBorentain2021" class="citation journal cs1">Drevets WC, Popova V, Daly EJ, Borentain S, Lane R, Cepeda MS, et al. (March 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jad.2021.01.046">"Comments to Drs. Bahji, Vazquez, and Zarate"</a>. <i>J Affect Disord</i>. <b>283</b>: <span class="nowrap">262–</span>264. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jad.2021.01.046">10.1016/j.jad.2021.01.046</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33571795">33571795</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:231899423">231899423</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J+Affect+Disord&rft.atitle=Comments+to+Drs.+Bahji%2C+Vazquez%2C+and+Zarate&rft.volume=283&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E262-%3C%2Fspan%3E264&rft.date=2021-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A231899423%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F33571795&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jad.2021.01.046&rft.aulast=Drevets&rft.aufirst=WC&rft.au=Popova%2C+V&rft.au=Daly%2C+EJ&rft.au=Borentain%2C+S&rft.au=Lane%2C+R&rft.au=Cepeda%2C+MS&rft.au=Mathews%2C+M&rft.au=Manji%2C+HK&rft.au=Canuso%2C+CM&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%252Fj.jad.2021.01.046&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEsketamine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid34510411-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid34510411_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDeanHurducasHawtonSpyridi2021" class="citation journal cs1">Dean RL, Hurducas C, Hawton K, Spyridi S, Cowen PJ, Hollingsworth S, et al. (September 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8434915">"Ketamine and other glutamate receptor modulators for depression in adults with unipolar major depressive disorder"</a>. <i>Cochrane Database Syst Rev</i>. <b>9</b> (11): CD011612. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2F14651858.CD011612.pub3">10.1002/14651858.CD011612.pub3</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8434915">8434915</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34510411">34510411</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cochrane+Database+Syst+Rev&rft.atitle=Ketamine+and+other+glutamate+receptor+modulators+for+depression+in+adults+with+unipolar+major+depressive+disorder&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=11&rft.pages=CD011612&rft.date=2021-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC8434915%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F34510411&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2F14651858.CD011612.pub3&rft.aulast=Dean&rft.aufirst=RL&rft.au=Hurducas%2C+C&rft.au=Hawton%2C+K&rft.au=Spyridi%2C+S&rft.au=Cowen%2C+PJ&rft.au=Hollingsworth%2C+S&rft.au=Marquardt%2C+T&rft.au=Barnes%2C+A&rft.au=Smith%2C+R&rft.au=McShane%2C+R&rft.au=Turner%2C+EH&rft.au=Cipriani%2C+A&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC8434915&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEsketamine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid33904154-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pmid33904154_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid33904154_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid33904154_40-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHenterParkZarate2021" class="citation journal cs1">Henter ID, Park LT, Zarate CA (May 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8201267">"Novel Glutamatergic Modulators for the Treatment of Mood Disorders: Current Status"</a>. <i>CNS Drugs</i>. <b>35</b> (5): <span class="nowrap">527–</span>543. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs40263-021-00816-x">10.1007/s40263-021-00816-x</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8201267">8201267</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33904154">33904154</a>. <q>To date, only one study has examined the differences between esketamine (0.25 mg/kg) and (R,S)-ketamine (0.5 mg/kg); though underpowered, it found no differences in efficacy, tolerability, or psychotomimetic profile between the two agents [67]. 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"A Paradigm Shift for Depression Treatment". <i><a href="/wiki/Discover_(magazine)" title="Discover (magazine)">Discover</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Kalmbach_Media" title="Kalmbach Media">Kalmbach Media</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Discover&rft.atitle=A+Paradigm+Shift+for+Depression+Treatment&rft.date=2020-01&rft.aulast=Marsa&rft.aufirst=L&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEsketamine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHoffer2019" class="citation magazine cs1">Hoffer L (7 March 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vice.com/en_au/article/9kp8ny/what-is-esketamine-fda-approves-nasal-spray-for-depression">"The FDA Approved a Ketamine-Like Nasal Spray for Hard-to-Treat Depression"</a>. <i>Vice</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200420164638/https://www.vice.com/en_au/article/9kp8ny/what-is-esketamine-fda-approves-nasal-spray-for-depression">Archived</a> from the original on 20 April 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vice&rft.atitle=The+FDA+Approved+a+Ketamine-Like+Nasal+Spray+for+Hard-to-Treat+Depression&rft.date=2019-03-07&rft.aulast=Hoffer&rft.aufirst=L&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vice.com%2Fen_au%2Farticle%2F9kp8ny%2Fwhat-is-esketamine-fda-approves-nasal-spray-for-depression&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEsketamine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAl_Nowais" class="citation web cs1">Al Nowais S. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240617081629/https://www.thenationalnews.com/uae/breakthrough-nasal-spray-to-treat-depression-coming-to-uae-1.928221?outputType=amp">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Breakthrough' nasal spray to treat depression coming to UAE"</a>. <i>The National</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thenationalnews.com/uae/breakthrough-nasal-spray-to-treat-depression-coming-to-uae-1.928221?outputType=amp">the original</a> on 17 June 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+National&rft.atitle=%27Breakthrough%27+nasal+spray+to+treat+depression+coming+to+UAE&rft.aulast=Al+Nowais&rft.aufirst=S&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thenationalnews.com%2Fuae%2Fbreakthrough-nasal-spray-to-treat-depression-coming-to-uae-1.928221%3FoutputType%3Damp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEsketamine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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anesthetic">Inhalational</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chloroform" title="Chloroform">Chloroform</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclopropane" title="Cyclopropane">Cyclopropane</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desflurane" title="Desflurane">Desflurane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diethyl_ether" title="Diethyl ether">Diethyl ether</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enflurane" title="Enflurane">Enflurane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethylene" title="Ethylene">Ethylene</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluroxene" title="Fluroxene">Fluroxene</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halothane" title="Halothane">Halothane</a><sup>#</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isoflurane" title="Isoflurane">Isoflurane</a><sup>#</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methoxyflurane" title="Methoxyflurane">Methoxyflurane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methoxypropane" title="Methoxypropane">Methoxypropane</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nitrous_oxide" title="Nitrous oxide">Nitrous oxide</a><sup>#</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevoflurane" title="Sevoflurane">Sevoflurane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trichloroethylene" title="Trichloroethylene">Trichloroethylene</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divinyl_ether" title="Divinyl ether">Vinyl ether</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenon" title="Xenon">Xenon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/General_anaesthetic#Injection" title="General anaesthetic">Injection</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Phenols" title="Phenols">Phenols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group 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title="Sodium thiopental">Thiopental</a><sup>#</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiotetrabarbital" title="Thiotetrabarbital">Thiotetrabarbital</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Benzodiazepine" title="Benzodiazepine">Benzodiazepines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Midazolam" title="Midazolam">Midazolam</a><sup>#</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diazepam" title="Diazepam">Diazepam</a><sup>#</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorazepam" title="Lorazepam">Lorazepam</a><sup>#</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remimazolam" title="Remimazolam">Remimazolam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Opioid" title="Opioid">Opioids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a 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selflink">Esketamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketamine" title="Ketamine">Ketamine</a><sup>#</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phencyclidine" title="Phencyclidine">Phencyclidine</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiletamine" title="Tiletamine">Tiletamine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Neurosteroid" title="Neurosteroid">Neuroactive steroids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alfadolone" title="Alfadolone">Alfadolone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfaxalone" title="Alfaxalone">Alfaxalone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydroxydione" title="Hydroxydione">Hydroxydione</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Etomidate" title="Etomidate">Etomidate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propanidid" title="Propanidid">Propanidid</a><sup>‡</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><sup>#</sup><a href="/wiki/WHO_Model_List_of_Essential_Medicines" title="WHO Model List of Essential Medicines">WHO-EM</a></li> <li><sup>‡</sup><a href="/wiki/List_of_withdrawn_drugs" title="List of withdrawn drugs">Withdrawn</a> from market</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinical_trial" title="Clinical trial">Clinical trials</a>: <ul><li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Phases_of_clinical_research#Phase_III" title="Phases of clinical research">Phase III</a></li> <li><sup>§</sup>Never to phase III</li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2C-B-FLY" title="2C-B-FLY">2C-B-FLY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2CBFly-NBOMe" title="2CBFly-NBOMe">2CBFly-NBOMe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5-MeO-BFE" class="mw-redirect" title="5-MeO-BFE">5-MeO-BFE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5-MeO-DiBF" title="5-MeO-DiBF">5-MeO-DiBF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bromo-DragonFLY" title="Bromo-DragonFLY">Bromo-DragonFLY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F-2_(drug)" title="F-2 (drug)">F-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F-22_(psychedelic)" title="F-22 (psychedelic)">F-22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TFMFly" title="TFMFly">TFMFly</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lysergamides" class="mw-redirect" title="Lysergamides">Lyserg‐<br />amides</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1B-LSD" title="1B-LSD">1B-LSD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1cP-LSD" title="1cP-LSD">1cP-LSD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1P-ETH-LAD" title="1P-ETH-LAD">1P-ETH-LAD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1P-LSD" title="1P-LSD">1P-LSD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1cP-AL-LAD" title="1cP-AL-LAD">1cP-AL-LAD</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1cP-MiPLA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1cP-MiPLA (page does not exist)">1cP-MiPLA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1V-LSD" title="1V-LSD">1V-LSD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lysergic_acid_2-butyl_amide" title="Lysergic acid 2-butyl amide">2-Butyllysergamide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lysergic_acid_3-pentyl_amide" title="Lysergic acid 3-pentyl amide">3-Pentyllysergamide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AL-LAD" title="AL-LAD">AL-LAD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ALD-52" title="ALD-52">ALD-52</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BU-LAD" title="BU-LAD">BU-LAD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diallyllysergamide" title="Diallyllysergamide">Diallyllysergamide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimethyllysergamide" title="Dimethyllysergamide">Dimethyllysergamide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ECPLA" title="ECPLA">ECPLA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ergometrine" class="mw-redirect" title="Ergometrine">Ergometrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ETH-LAD" title="ETH-LAD">ETH-LAD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IP-LAD" class="mw-redirect" title="IP-LAD">IP-LAD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LAE-32" title="LAE-32">LAE-32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LAMPA" title="LAMPA">LAMPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LPD-824" title="LPD-824">LPD-824</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ergine" title="Ergine">LSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LSD" title="LSD">LSD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LSD-Pip" title="LSD-Pip">LSD-Pip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lysergic_acid_hydroxyethylamide" title="Lysergic acid hydroxyethylamide">LSH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LSM-775" title="LSM-775">LSM-775</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lysergic_acid_2,4-dimethylazetidide" title="Lysergic acid 2,4-dimethylazetidide">LSZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methylergometrine" title="Methylergometrine">Methylergometrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methylisopropyllysergamide" title="Methylisopropyllysergamide">MIPLA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methysergide" title="Methysergide">Methysergide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N1-Methyl-lysergic_acid_diethylamide" class="mw-redirect" title="N1-Methyl-lysergic acid diethylamide">MLD-41</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PARGY-LAD" title="PARGY-LAD">PARGY-LAD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PRO-LAD" title="PRO-LAD">PRO-LAD</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Substituted_phenethylamine" title="Substituted phenethylamine">Phenethyl‐<br />amines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="2C-x217" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/2C_(psychedelics)" title="2C (psychedelics)">2C-<i>x</i></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2C-B" title="2C-B">2C-B</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2C-B-AN&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2C-B-AN (page does not exist)">2C-B-AN</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2C-Bn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2C-Bn (page does not exist)">2C-Bn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-Bu" title="2C-Bu">2C-Bu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-C" title="2C-C">2C-C</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2C-CN&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2C-CN (page does not exist)">2C-CN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-CP" title="2C-CP">2C-CP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-D" title="2C-D">2C-D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-E" title="2C-E">2C-E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-EF" title="2C-EF">2C-EF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-F" title="2C-F">2C-F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-G" title="2C-G">2C-G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-G-1" class="mw-redirect" title="2C-G-1">2C-G-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-G-2" class="mw-redirect" title="2C-G-2">2C-G-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-G-3" class="mw-redirect" title="2C-G-3">2C-G-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-G-4" class="mw-redirect" title="2C-G-4">2C-G-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-G-5" class="mw-redirect" title="2C-G-5">2C-G-5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-G-6" class="mw-redirect" title="2C-G-6">2C-G-6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-G-N" class="mw-redirect" title="2C-G-N">2C-G-N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-H" title="2C-H">2C-H</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-I" title="2C-I">2C-I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-iBu" title="2C-iBu">2C-iBu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-iP" title="2C-iP">2C-iP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-N" title="2C-N">2C-N</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2C-NH2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2C-NH2 (page does not exist)">2C-NH2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-O" class="mw-redirect" title="2C-O">2C-O</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-O-4" title="2C-O-4">2C-O-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-P" title="2C-P">2C-P</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-Ph" title="2C-Ph">2C-Ph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-SE" class="mw-redirect" title="2C-SE">2C-SE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-T" title="2C-T">2C-T</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-T-2" title="2C-T-2">2C-T-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-T-3" title="2C-T-3">2C-T-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-T-4" title="2C-T-4">2C-T-4</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2C-T-5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2C-T-5 (page does not exist)">2C-T-5</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2C-T-6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2C-T-6 (page does not exist)">2C-T-6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-T-7" title="2C-T-7">2C-T-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-T-8" title="2C-T-8">2C-T-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-T-9" class="mw-redirect" title="2C-T-9">2C-T-9</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2C-T-10&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2C-T-10 (page does not exist)">2C-T-10</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2C-T-11&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2C-T-11 (page does not exist)">2C-T-11</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2C-T-12&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2C-T-12 (page does not exist)">2C-T-12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-T-13" title="2C-T-13">2C-T-13</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2C-T-14&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2C-T-14 (page does not exist)">2C-T-14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-T-15" title="2C-T-15">2C-T-15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-T-16" title="2C-T-16">2C-T-16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-T-17" title="2C-T-17">2C-T-17</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2C-T-18&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2C-T-18 (page does not exist)">2C-T-18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-T-19" title="2C-T-19">2C-T-19</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2C-T-20&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2C-T-20 (page does not exist)">2C-T-20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-T-21" title="2C-T-21">2C-T-21</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2C-T-22&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2C-T-22 (page does not exist)">2C-T-22</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2C-T-22.5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2C-T-22.5 (page does not exist)">2C-T-22.5</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2C-T-23&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2C-T-23 (page does not exist)">2C-T-23</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2C-T-24&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2C-T-24 (page does not exist)">2C-T-24</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2C-T-25&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2C-T-25 (page does not exist)">2C-T-25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-T-27" title="2C-T-27">2C-T-27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-T-28" title="2C-T-28">2C-T-28</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2C-T-30&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2C-T-30 (page does not exist)">2C-T-30</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2C-T-31&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2C-T-31 (page does not exist)">2C-T-31</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2C-T-32&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2C-T-32 (page does not exist)">2C-T-32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-T-33" title="2C-T-33">2C-T-33</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-tBu" title="2C-tBu">2C-tBu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-TFE" title="2C-TFE">2C-TFE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-TFM" title="2C-TFM">2C-TFM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-YN" title="2C-YN">2C-YN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-V" title="2C-V">2C-V</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/25-NB" title="25-NB">25<i>x</i>-NB<i>x</i></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">25<i>x</i>-<abbr title="NB: N-benzyl">NB</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/25B-NB" class="mw-redirect" title="25B-NB">25B-NB</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25C-NB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25C-NB (page does not exist)">25C-NB</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">25<i>x</i>-<abbr title="NB: N-benzyl; 3OMe: 3-methoxy">NB3OMe</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25B-NB3OMe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25B-NB3OMe (page does not exist)">25B-NB3OMe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25C-NB3OMe" title="25C-NB3OMe">25C-NB3OMe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25D-NB3OMe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25D-NB3OMe (page does not exist)">25D-NB3OMe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25E-NB3OMe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25E-NB3OMe (page does not exist)">25E-NB3OMe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25H-NB3OMe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25H-NB3OMe (page does not exist)">25H-NB3OMe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25I-NB3OMe" title="25I-NB3OMe">25I-NB3OMe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25N-NB3OMe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25N-NB3OMe (page does not exist)">25N-NB3OMe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25P-NB3OMe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25P-NB3OMe (page does not exist)">25P-NB3OMe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25T2-NB3OMe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25T2-NB3OMe (page does not exist)">25T2-NB3OMe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25T4-NB3OMe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25T4-NB3OMe (page does not exist)">25T4-NB3OMe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25T7-NB3OMe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25T7-NB3OMe (page does not exist)">25T7-NB3OMe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25TFM-NB3OMe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25TFM-NB3OMe (page does not exist)">25TFM-NB3OMe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">25<i>x</i>-<abbr title="NB: N-benzyl; 4OMe: 4-methoxy">NB4OMe</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25B-NB4OMe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25B-NB4OMe (page does not exist)">25B-NB4OMe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25C-NB4OMe" title="25C-NB4OMe">25C-NB4OMe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25D-NB4OMe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25D-NB4OMe (page does not exist)">25D-NB4OMe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25E-NB4OMe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25E-NB4OMe (page does not exist)">25E-NB4OMe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25H-NB4OMe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25H-NB4OMe (page does not exist)">25H-NB4OMe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25I-NB4OMe" title="25I-NB4OMe">25I-NB4OMe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25N-NB4OMe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25N-NB4OMe (page does not exist)">25N-NB4OMe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25P-NB4OMe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25P-NB4OMe (page does not exist)">25P-NB4OMe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25T2-NB4OMe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25T2-NB4OMe (page does not exist)">25T2-NB4OMe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25T4-NB4OMe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25T4-NB4OMe (page does not exist)">25T4-NB4OMe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25T7-NB4OMe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25T7-NB4OMe (page does not exist)">25T7-NB4OMe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25TFM-NB4OMe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25TFM-NB4OMe (page does not exist)">25TFM-NB4OMe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">25<i>x</i>-<abbr title="NB: N-benzyl; F: fluoro">NBF</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/25B-NBF" title="25B-NBF">25B-NBF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25C-NBF" title="25C-NBF">25C-NBF</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25D-NBF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25D-NBF (page does not exist)">25D-NBF</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25E-NBF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25E-NBF (page does not exist)">25E-NBF</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25H-NBF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25H-NBF (page does not exist)">25H-NBF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25I-NBF" title="25I-NBF">25I-NBF</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25P-NBF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25P-NBF (page does not exist)">25P-NBF</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25T2-NBF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25T2-NBF (page does not exist)">25T2-NBF</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25T7-NBF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25T7-NBF (page does not exist)">25T7-NBF</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25TFM-NBF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25TFM-NBF (page does not exist)">25TFM-NBF</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">25<i>x</i>-<abbr title="NB: N-benzyl; MD: methylenedioxy">NBMD</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25B-NBMD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25B-NBMD (page does not exist)">25B-NBMD</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25C-NBMD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25C-NBMD (page does not exist)">25C-NBMD</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25D-NBMD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25D-NBMD (page does not exist)">25D-NBMD</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25E-NBMD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25E-NBMD (page does not exist)">25E-NBMD</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25F-NBMD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25F-NBMD (page does not exist)">25F-NBMD</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25H-NBMD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25H-NBMD (page does not exist)">25H-NBMD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25I-NBMD" title="25I-NBMD">25I-NBMD</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25P-NBMD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25P-NBMD (page does not exist)">25P-NBMD</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25T2-NBMD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25T2-NBMD (page does not exist)">25T2-NBMD</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25T7-NBMD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25T7-NBMD (page does not exist)">25T7-NBMD</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25TFM-NBMD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25TFM-NBMD (page does not exist)">25TFM-NBMD</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">25<i>x</i>-<abbr title="NB: N-benzyl; OH: hydroxy">NBOH</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/25B-NBOH" title="25B-NBOH">25B-NBOH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25C-NBOH" title="25C-NBOH">25C-NBOH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25CN-NBOH" title="25CN-NBOH">25CN-NBOH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25D-NBOH&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25D-NBOH (page does not exist)">25D-NBOH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25E-NBOH" title="25E-NBOH">25E-NBOH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25F-NBOH&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25F-NBOH (page does not exist)">25F-NBOH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25H-NBOH&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25H-NBOH (page does not exist)">25H-NBOH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25I-NBOH" title="25I-NBOH">25I-NBOH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25P-NBOH&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25P-NBOH (page does not exist)">25P-NBOH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25T2-NBOH&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25T2-NBOH (page does not exist)">25T2-NBOH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25T7-NBOH&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25T7-NBOH (page does not exist)">25T7-NBOH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25TFM-NBOH&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25TFM-NBOH (page does not exist)">25TFM-NBOH</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">25<i>x</i>-<abbr title="NB: N-benzyl; OMe: methoxy">NBOMe</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/25B-NBOMe" title="25B-NBOMe">25B-NBOMe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25C-NBOMe" title="25C-NBOMe">25C-NBOMe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25CN-NBOMe" title="25CN-NBOMe">25CN-NBOMe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25D-NBOMe" title="25D-NBOMe">25D-NBOMe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25E-NBOMe" title="25E-NBOMe">25E-NBOMe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25F-NBOMe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25F-NBOMe (page does not exist)">25F-NBOMe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25G-NBOMe" title="25G-NBOMe">25G-NBOMe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25H-NBOMe" title="25H-NBOMe">25H-NBOMe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25I-NBOMe" title="25I-NBOMe">25I-NBOMe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25iP-NBOMe" title="25iP-NBOMe">25iP-NBOMe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25N-NBOMe" title="25N-NBOMe">25N-NBOMe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25P-NBOMe" title="25P-NBOMe">25P-NBOMe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25T-NBOMe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25T-NBOMe (page does not exist)">25T-NBOMe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25T2-NBOMe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25T2-NBOMe (page does not exist)">25T2-NBOMe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25T4-NBOMe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25T4-NBOMe (page does not exist)">25T4-NBOMe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25T7-NBOMe" title="25T7-NBOMe">25T7-NBOMe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25TFM-NBOMe" title="25TFM-NBOMe">25TFM-NBOMe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Atypical structures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25B-N1POMe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25B-N1POMe (page does not exist)">25B-N1POMe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25B-NAcPip&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25B-NAcPip (page does not exist)">25B-NAcPip</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25B-NB23DM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25B-NB23DM (page does not exist)">25B-NB23DM</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25B-NB25DM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25B-NB25DM (page does not exist)">25B-NB25DM</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25C-NBCl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25C-NBCl (page does not exist)">25C-NBCl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25C-NBOEt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25C-NBOEt (page does not exist)">25C-NBOEt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25C-NBOiPr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25C-NBOiPr (page does not exist)">25C-NBOiPr</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25I-N2Nap1OH&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25I-N2Nap1OH (page does not exist)">25I-N2Nap1OH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25I-N3MT2M&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25I-N3MT2M (page does not exist)">25I-N3MT2M</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25I-N4MT3M&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25I-N4MT3M (page does not exist)">25I-N4MT3M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25I-NB34MD" title="25I-NB34MD">25I-NB34MD</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25I-NBAm&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25I-NBAm (page does not exist)">25I-NBAm</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25I-NBBr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25I-NBBr (page does not exist)">25I-NBBr</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25I-NBMeOH&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25I-NBMeOH (page does not exist)">25I-NBMeOH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25I-NBTFM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25I-NBTFM (page does not exist)">25I-NBTFM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2CBCB-NBOMe" title="2CBCB-NBOMe">2CBCB-NBOMe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2CBFly-NBOMe" title="2CBFly-NBOMe">2CBFly-NBOMe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4-EA-NBOMe" title="4-EA-NBOMe">4-EA-NBOMe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=5-APB-NBOMe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="5-APB-NBOMe (page does not exist)">5-APB-NBOMe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=5MT-NBOMe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="5MT-NBOMe (page does not exist)">5MT-NBOMe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=C30-NBOMe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C30-NBOMe (page does not exist)">C30-NBOMe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=DOB-NBOMe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DOB-NBOMe (page does not exist)">DOB-NBOMe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=DOI-NBOMe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DOI-NBOMe (page does not exist)">DOI-NBOMe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=FECIMBI-36&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="FECIMBI-36 (page does not exist)">FECIMBI-36</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MDPEA-NBOMe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MDPEA-NBOMe (page does not exist)">MDPEA-NBOMe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N-Ethyl-2C-B" title="N-Ethyl-2C-B">N-Ethyl-2C-B</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NBOMe-escaline&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NBOMe-escaline (page does not exist)">NBOMe-escaline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NBOMe-mescaline" title="NBOMe-mescaline">NBOMe-mescaline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZDCM-04" title="ZDCM-04">ZDCM-04</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">25<i>x</i>-NM<i>x</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25B-NMe7BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25B-NMe7BF (page does not exist)">25B-NMe7BF</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25B-NMe7BT&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25B-NMe7BT (page does not exist)">25B-NMe7BT</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25B-NMe7Bim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25B-NMe7Bim (page does not exist)">25B-NMe7Bim</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25B-NMe7Box&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25B-NMe7Box (page does not exist)">25B-NMe7Box</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25B-NMe7DHBF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25B-NMe7DHBF (page does not exist)">25B-NMe7DHBF</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25B-NMe7Ind&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25B-NMe7Ind (page does not exist)">25B-NMe7Ind</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25B-NMe7Indz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25B-NMe7Indz (page does not exist)">25B-NMe7Indz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25B-NMePyr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25B-NMePyr (page does not exist)">25B-NMePyr</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25I-NMe7DHBF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25I-NMe7DHBF (page does not exist)">25I-NMe7DHBF</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25I-NMeFur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25I-NMeFur (page does not exist)">25I-NMeFur</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25I-NMeTHF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25I-NMeTHF (page does not exist)">25I-NMeTHF</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25I-NMeTh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25I-NMeTh (page does not exist)">25I-NMeTh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/N-(2C)-fentanyl" class="mw-redirect" title="N-(2C)-fentanyl">N-(2C)-fentanyl</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-(2C-B)_fentanyl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N-(2C-B) fentanyl (page does not exist)">N-(2C-B) fentanyl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-(2C-C)_fentanyl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N-(2C-C) fentanyl (page does not exist)">N-(2C-C) fentanyl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-(2C-D)_fentanyl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N-(2C-D) fentanyl (page does not exist)">N-(2C-D) fentanyl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-(2C-E)_fentanyl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N-(2C-E) fentanyl (page does not exist)">N-(2C-E) fentanyl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-(2C-G)_fentanyl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N-(2C-G) fentanyl (page does not exist)">N-(2C-G) fentanyl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-(2C-H)_fentanyl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N-(2C-H) fentanyl (page does not exist)">N-(2C-H) fentanyl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-(2C-I)_fentanyl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N-(2C-I) fentanyl (page does not exist)">N-(2C-I) fentanyl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-(2C-IP)_fentanyl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N-(2C-IP) fentanyl (page does not exist)">N-(2C-IP) fentanyl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-(2C-N)_fentanyl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N-(2C-N) fentanyl (page does not exist)">N-(2C-N) fentanyl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-(2C-P)_fentanyl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N-(2C-P) fentanyl (page does not exist)">N-(2C-P) fentanyl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-(2C-T)_fentanyl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N-(2C-T) fentanyl (page does not exist)">N-(2C-T) fentanyl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-(2C-T-2)_fentanyl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N-(2C-T-2) fentanyl (page does not exist)">N-(2C-T-2) fentanyl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-(2C-T-4)_fentanyl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N-(2C-T-4) fentanyl (page does not exist)">N-(2C-T-4) fentanyl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-(2C-T-7)_fentanyl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N-(2C-T-7) fentanyl (page does not exist)">N-(2C-T-7) fentanyl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-(2C-TFM)_fentanyl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N-(2C-TFM) fentanyl (page does not exist)">N-(2C-TFM) fentanyl</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">3C-<i>x</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3C-AL" title="3C-AL">3C-AL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3C-BZ" title="3C-BZ">3C-BZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3C-DFE" title="3C-DFE">3C-DFE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3C-E" title="3C-E">3C-E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3C-MAL" title="3C-MAL">3C-MAL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3C-P" title="3C-P">3C-P</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">4C-<i>x</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/4C-B" title="4C-B">4C-B</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=4C-C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4C-C (page does not exist)">4C-C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4C-D" class="mw-redirect" title="4C-D">4C-D</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=4C-E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4C-E (page does not exist)">4C-E</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=4C-I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4C-I (page does not exist)">4C-I</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=4C-N&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4C-N (page does not exist)">4C-N</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=4C-P&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4C-P (page does not exist)">4C-P</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4C-T-2" title="4C-T-2">4C-T-2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/DOx" title="DOx">DO<i>x</i></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aleph_(psychedelic)" title="Aleph (psychedelic)">DOT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2,5-Dimethoxy-4-bromoamphetamine" title="2,5-Dimethoxy-4-bromoamphetamine">DOB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2,5-Dimethoxy-4-chloroamphetamine" title="2,5-Dimethoxy-4-chloroamphetamine">DOC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2,5-Dimethoxy-4-(2-fluoroethyl)amphetamine" title="2,5-Dimethoxy-4-(2-fluoroethyl)amphetamine">DOEF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylamphetamine" title="2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylamphetamine">DOET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2,5-Dimethoxy-4-fluoroamphetamine" title="2,5-Dimethoxy-4-fluoroamphetamine">DOF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2,5-Dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine" title="2,5-Dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine">DOI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2,5-Dimethoxy-4-isopropylamphetamine" title="2,5-Dimethoxy-4-isopropylamphetamine">DOiPR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2,5-Dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine" title="2,5-Dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine">DOM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2,5-Dimethoxy-4-nitroamphetamine" title="2,5-Dimethoxy-4-nitroamphetamine">DON</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2,5-Dimethoxy-4-propylamphetamine" title="2,5-Dimethoxy-4-propylamphetamine">DOPR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2,5-Dimethoxy-4-trifluoromethylamphetamine" title="2,5-Dimethoxy-4-trifluoromethylamphetamine">DOTFM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethoxyamphetamine" title="2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethoxyamphetamine">MEM</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">HOT-<i>x</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HOT-2" title="HOT-2">HOT-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HOT-7" title="HOT-7">HOT-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HOT-17" title="HOT-17">HOT-17</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Substituted_methylenedioxyphenethylamine" title="Substituted methylenedioxyphenethylamine">MD<em>xx</em></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DMMDA" title="DMMDA">DMMDA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2,3-Dimethoxy-4,5-methylenedioxyamphetamine" class="mw-redirect" title="2,3-Dimethoxy-4,5-methylenedioxyamphetamine">DMMDA-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lophophine" title="Lophophine">Lophophine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine" title="3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine">MDA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MDAI" title="MDAI">MDAI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MDBZ" class="mw-redirect" title="MDBZ">MDBZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MDMA" title="MDMA">MDMA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MMDA_(drug)" title="MMDA (drug)">MMDA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MMDA-2" title="MMDA-2">MMDA-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MMDA-3a" title="MMDA-3a">MMDA-3a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MMDMA" title="MMDMA">MMDMA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Substituted_mescaline_analogue" title="Substituted mescaline analogue">Mescaline (subst.)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2-Bromomescaline" title="2-Bromomescaline">2-Bromomescaline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thioescaline" title="Thioescaline">3-TE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thioescaline" title="Thioescaline">4-TE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiomescaline" title="Thiomescaline">3-TM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiomescaline" title="Thiomescaline">4-TM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allylescaline" title="Allylescaline">Allylescaline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asymbescaline" title="Asymbescaline">Asymbescaline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buscaline" title="Buscaline">Buscaline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclopropylmescaline" title="Cyclopropylmescaline">Cyclopropylmescaline</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Difluoromescaline&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Difluoromescaline (page does not exist)">Difluoromescaline</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Difluoroescaline&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Difluoroescaline (page does not exist)">Difluoroescaline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escaline" title="Escaline">Escaline</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluoroproscaline&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fluoroproscaline (page does not exist)">Fluoroproscaline</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isobuscaline&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isobuscaline (page does not exist)">Isobuscaline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isoproscaline" title="Isoproscaline">Isoproscaline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimscaline" title="Jimscaline">Jimscaline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mescaline" title="Mescaline">Mescaline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metaescaline" title="Metaescaline">Metaescaline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methallylescaline" title="Methallylescaline">Methallylescaline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proscaline" title="Proscaline">Proscaline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thioproscaline" title="Thioproscaline">Thioproscaline</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trifluoroescaline&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trifluoroescaline (page does not exist)">Trifluoroescaline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trifluoromescaline" title="Trifluoromescaline">Trifluoromescaline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Trimethoxyamphetamine" class="mw-redirect" title="Trimethoxyamphetamine">TMAs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/TMA-1_(psychedelic)" class="mw-redirect" title="TMA-1 (psychedelic)">TMA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TMA-2_(psychedelic)" class="mw-redirect" title="TMA-2 (psychedelic)">TMA-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TMA-3_(psychedelic)" class="mw-redirect" title="TMA-3 (psychedelic)">TMA-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TMA-4_(psychedelic)" class="mw-redirect" title="TMA-4 (psychedelic)">TMA-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TMA-5_(psychedelic)" class="mw-redirect" title="TMA-5 (psychedelic)">TMA-5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TMA-6_(psychedelic)" class="mw-redirect" title="TMA-6 (psychedelic)">TMA-6</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2C-B-BUTTERFLY" title="2C-B-BUTTERFLY">2C-B-BUTTERFLY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2C-B-DragonFLY" class="mw-redirect" title="2C-B-DragonFLY">2C-B-DragonFLY</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2C-B-DragonFLY-NBOH&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2C-B-DragonFLY-NBOH (page does not exist)">2C-B-DragonFLY-NBOH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2C-B-FLY-NB2EtO5Cl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2C-B-FLY-NB2EtO5Cl (page does not exist)">2C-B-FLY-NB2EtO5Cl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2CB-5-hemifly&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2CB-5-hemifly (page does not exist)">2CB-5-hemifly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2CB-Ind" title="2CB-Ind">2CB-Ind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2CD-5EtO" title="2CD-5EtO">2CD-5EtO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TOET_(psychedelic)#2-TOET" title="TOET (psychedelic)">2-TOET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TOET_(psychedelic)#5-TOET" title="TOET (psychedelic)">5-TOET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TOM_(psychedelic)" title="TOM (psychedelic)">2-TOM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TOM_(psychedelic)" title="TOM (psychedelic)">5-TOM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BOB_(psychedelic)" title="BOB (psychedelic)">BOB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BOD_(psychedelic)" title="BOD (psychedelic)">BOD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%92k-2C-B" title="Βk-2C-B">βk-2C-B</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%92k-2C-I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Βk-2C-I (page does not exist)">βk-2C-I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DESOXY" title="DESOXY">DESOXY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2,5-Dimethoxy-4-methylphenylcyclopropylamine" title="2,5-Dimethoxy-4-methylphenylcyclopropylamine">DMCPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DMBMPP" title="DMBMPP">DMBMPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DOB-FLY" title="DOB-FLY">DOB-FLY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenfluramine" title="Fenfluramine">Fenfluramine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganesha_(psychedelic)" title="Ganesha (psychedelic)">Ganesha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macromerine" title="Macromerine">Macromerine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3-Methoxy-4-methylamphetamine" title="3-Methoxy-4-methylamphetamine">MMA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TCB-2" title="TCB-2">TCB-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TOMSO" title="TOMSO">TOMSO</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Substituted_piperazine" title="Substituted piperazine">Piperazines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2C-B-PP" title="2C-B-PP">2C-B-PP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benzylpiperazine" title="Benzylpiperazine">BZP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Para-Fluorophenylpiperazine" title="Para-Fluorophenylpiperazine">pFPP</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Substituted_tryptamine" title="Substituted tryptamine">Tryptamines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Substituted_alpha-alkyltryptamine" class="mw-redirect" title="Substituted alpha-alkyltryptamine"><i>alpha</i>-alkyltryptamines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AL-37350A" title="AL-37350A">4,5-DHP-α-MT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5-MeO-AET" title="5-MeO-AET">5-MeO-α-ET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5-MeO-aMT" class="mw-redirect" title="5-MeO-aMT">5-MeO-α-MT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha-Ethyltryptamine" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpha-Ethyltryptamine">α-ET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha-Methyltryptamine" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpha-Methyltryptamine">α-MT</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>x</i>-<abbr title="N,N-Diallyltryptamine">DALT</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=4-HO-DALT&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4-HO-DALT (page does not exist)">(Daltocin) 4-HO-DALT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4-AcO-DALT" title="4-AcO-DALT">(Daltacetin) 4-AcO-DALT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5-MeO-DALT" title="5-MeO-DALT">5-MeO-DALT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DALT" title="DALT">DALT</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>x</i>-<abbr title="N,N-Diethyltryptamine">DET</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/4-Acetoxy-DET" class="mw-redirect" title="4-Acetoxy-DET">(Ethacetin) 4-AcO-DET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4-HO-DET" title="4-HO-DET">(Ethocin) 4-HO-DET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5-MeO-DET" title="5-MeO-DET">5-MeO-DET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diethyltryptamine" title="Diethyltryptamine">(T-9) DET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethocybin" title="Ethocybin">(Ethocybin) 4-PO-DET</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>x</i>-<abbr title="N,N-Diisopropyltryptamine">DiPT</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/4-Acetoxy-DiPT" title="4-Acetoxy-DiPT">(Ipracetin) 4-AcO-DiPT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4-HO-DiPT" title="4-HO-DiPT">(Iprocin) 4-HO-DiPT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5-Methoxy-N,N-diisopropyltryptamine" class="mw-redirect" title="5-Methoxy-N,N-diisopropyltryptamine">5-MeO-DiPT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diisopropyltryptamine" class="mw-redirect" title="Diisopropyltryptamine">DiPT</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>x</i>-<abbr title="N,N-Dimethyltryptamine">DMT</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1-(2-Dimethylaminoethyl)dihydropyrano(3,2-e)indole" class="mw-redirect" title="1-(2-Dimethylaminoethyl)dihydropyrano(3,2-e)indole">4,5-DHP-DMT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2,N,N-TMT" title="2,N,N-TMT">2,N,N-TMT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O-Acetylpsilocin" class="mw-redirect" title="O-Acetylpsilocin">4-AcO-DMT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4-Hydroxy-5-methoxydimethyltryptamine" class="mw-redirect" title="4-Hydroxy-5-methoxydimethyltryptamine">4-HO-5-MeO-DMT</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=4,N,N-TMT&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4,N,N-TMT (page does not exist)">4,N,N-TMT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4-Propionyloxy-DMT" class="mw-redirect" title="4-Propionyloxy-DMT">4-Propionyloxy-DMT</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=5,6-diBr-DMT&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="5,6-diBr-DMT (page does not exist)">5,6-diBr-DMT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5-AcO-DMT" class="mw-redirect" title="5-AcO-DMT">5-AcO-DMT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5-Bromo-DMT" title="5-Bromo-DMT">5-Bromo-DMT</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=(Indapex)_5-MeO-2-TMT&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="(Indapex) 5-MeO-2-TMT (page does not exist)">5-MeO-2,<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-TMT</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=5-MeO-4,N,N-TMT&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="5-MeO-4,N,N-TMT (page does not exist)">5-MeO-4,<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-TMT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5-MeO-%CE%B1,N,N-TMT" class="mw-redirect" title="5-MeO-α,N,N-TMT">5-MeO-α,N,N-TMT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5-MeO-DMT" title="5-MeO-DMT">5-MeO-DMT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5,N,N-TMT" title="5,N,N-TMT">5-<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-TMT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7,N,N-TMT" title="7,N,N-TMT">7,N,N-TMT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha-N,N-Trimethyltryptamine" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpha-N,N-Trimethyltryptamine">α,N,N-TMT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bufotenin" title="Bufotenin">(Bufotenin) 5-HO-DMT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N,N-Dimethyltryptamine" title="N,N-Dimethyltryptamine">DMT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbaeocystin" title="Norbaeocystin">Norbaeocystin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psilocin" title="Psilocin">(Psilocin) 4-HO-DMT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psilocybin" title="Psilocybin">(Psilocybin) 4-PO-DMT</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>x</i>-<abbr title="N,N-Dipropyltryptamine">DPT</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=4-Acetoxy-DPT&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4-Acetoxy-DPT (page does not exist)">(Depracetin) 4-AcO-DPT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4-HO-DPT" title="4-HO-DPT">(Deprocin) 4-HO-DPT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5-MeO-DPT" title="5-MeO-DPT">5-MeO-DPT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dipropyltryptamine" title="Dipropyltryptamine">(The Light) DPT</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ibogaine-related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/18-Methylaminocoronaridine" title="18-Methylaminocoronaridine">18-MAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/18-Methoxycoronaridine" title="18-Methoxycoronaridine">18-MC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronaridine" title="Coronaridine">Coronaridine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibogaine" title="Ibogaine">Ibogaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibogamine" title="Ibogamine">Ibogamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2-Methoxyethyl-18-methoxycoronaridinate" title="2-Methoxyethyl-18-methoxycoronaridinate">ME-18-MC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noribogaine" title="Noribogaine">Noribogaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabernanthine" title="Tabernanthine">Tabernanthine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voacangine" title="Voacangine">Voacangine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>x</i>-<abbr title="N-Methyl-N-ethyltryptamine">MET</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/4-HO-MET" title="4-HO-MET">(Metocin) 4-HO-MET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4-AcO-MET" title="4-AcO-MET">(Metocetin) 4-AcO-MET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5-MeO-MET" title="5-MeO-MET">5-MeO-MET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N-Methyl-N-ethyltryptamine" title="N-Methyl-N-ethyltryptamine">MET</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>x</i>-<abbr title="N-Methyl-N-isopropyltryptamine">MiPT</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/4-Acetoxy-MiPT" class="mw-redirect" title="4-Acetoxy-MiPT">(Mipracetin) 4-AcO-MiPT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4-HO-MiPT" title="4-HO-MiPT">(Miprocin) 4-HO-MiPT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5,N-Dimethyl-N-isopropyltryptamine" class="mw-redirect" title="5,N-Dimethyl-N-isopropyltryptamine">5-Me-MiPT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5-MeO-MiPT" title="5-MeO-MiPT">(Moxy) 5-MeO-MiPT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methylisopropyltryptamine" class="mw-redirect" title="Methylisopropyltryptamine">MiPT</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/4-HO-DBT" title="4-HO-DBT">4-HO-DBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4-HO-EPT" title="4-HO-EPT">4-HO-EPT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4-HO-McPT" title="4-HO-McPT">4-HO-McPT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4-HO-MPMI" title="4-HO-MPMI">(Lucigenol) 4-HO-MPMI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4-HO-MPT" title="4-HO-MPT">(Meprocin) 4-HO-MPT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5-MeO-EiPT" title="5-MeO-EiPT">5-MeO-EiPT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5-MeO-MALT" title="5-MeO-MALT">5-MeO-MALT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5-MeO-MPMI" title="5-MeO-MPMI">5-MeO-MPMI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeruginascin" title="Aeruginascin">Aeruginascin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baeocystin" title="Baeocystin">Baeocystin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dibutyltryptamine" title="Dibutyltryptamine">DBT</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dicyclopropyltryptamine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dicyclopropyltryptamine (page does not exist)">DCPT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethylisopropyltryptamine" title="Ethylisopropyltryptamine">EiPT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethylpropyltryptamine" title="Ethylpropyltryptamine">EPT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methylpropyltryptamine" title="Methylpropyltryptamine">MPT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propylisopropyltryptamine" title="Propylisopropyltryptamine">PiPT</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AL-38022A" title="AL-38022A">AL-38022A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ALPHA_(psychedelic)" title="ALPHA (psychedelic)">ALPHA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimemebfe" title="Dimemebfe">Dimemebfe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efavirenz" title="Efavirenz">Efavirenz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glaucine" title="Glaucine">Glaucine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorcaserin" title="Lorcaserin">Lorcaserin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M-ALPHA" class="mw-redirect" title="M-ALPHA">M-ALPHA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RH-34" title="RH-34">RH-34</a><br /><small>Also <a href="/wiki/Empathogen-entactogen" class="mw-redirect" title="Empathogen-entactogen">empathogens</a> in general (e. g.: <a href="/wiki/5-APB" title="5-APB">5-APB</a>, <a href="/wiki/5-MAPB" title="5-MAPB">5-MAPB</a>, <a href="/wiki/6-APB" title="6-APB">6-APB</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Substituted_benzofuran" title="Substituted benzofuran">substituted benzofurans</a>).</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dissociative" title="Dissociative">Dissociatives</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/NMDA_receptor" title="NMDA receptor">NMDAR</a><br /><a href="/wiki/NMDA_receptor_antagonist" title="NMDA receptor antagonist">antagonists</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arylcyclohexylamine" title="Arylcyclohexylamine">Arylcyclo‐<br />hexylamines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ketamine-related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2-Fluorodeschloroketamine" title="2-Fluorodeschloroketamine">2-Fluorodeschloroketamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arketamine" title="Arketamine">Arketamine</a> ((R)-ketamine)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deschloroketamine" title="Deschloroketamine">Deschloroketamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethketamine" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethketamine">Ethketamine</a> (N-Ethylnorketamine)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Esketamine</a> ((S)-ketamine)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketamine" title="Ketamine">Ketamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methoxetamine" title="Methoxetamine">Methoxetamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methoxmetamine" title="Methoxmetamine">Methoxmetamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methoxyketamine" title="Methoxyketamine">Methoxyketamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MXiPr" class="mw-redirect" title="MXiPr">MXiPr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norketamine" title="Norketamine">Norketamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiletamine" title="Tiletamine">Tiletamine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">PCP-related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2%27-Oxo-PCE" class="mw-redirect" title="2'-Oxo-PCE">2'-Oxo-PCE</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=3-HO-PCE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3-HO-PCE (page does not exist)">3-HO-PCE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3-HO-PCP" title="3-HO-PCP">3-HO-PCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3-MeO-PCE" title="3-MeO-PCE">3-MeO-PCE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3-MeO-PCMo" title="3-MeO-PCMo">3-MeO-PCMo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3-MeO-PCP" title="3-MeO-PCP">3-MeO-PCP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=3-MeO-PCPr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3-MeO-PCPr (page does not exist)">3-MeO-PCPr</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=3-MeO-PCPy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3-MeO-PCPy (page does not exist)">3-MeO-PCPy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4-MeO-PCP" title="4-MeO-PCP">4-MeO-PCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BDPC" title="BDPC">BDPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dieticyclidine" title="Dieticyclidine">Dieticyclidine</a> (PCDE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eticyclidine" title="Eticyclidine">Eticyclidine</a> (PCE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/PCPr" title="PCPr">PCPr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phencyclidine" title="Phencyclidine">Phencyclidine</a> (PCP)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolicyclidine" title="Rolicyclidine">Rolicyclidine</a> (PCPy)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenocyclidine" title="Tenocyclidine">Tenocyclidine</a> (TCP)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BTCP" class="mw-redirect" title="BTCP">BTCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gacyclidine" title="Gacyclidine">Gacyclidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PRE-084" title="PRE-084">PRE-084</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Adamantane" title="Adamantane">Adamantanes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amantadine" title="Amantadine">Amantadine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memantine" title="Memantine">Memantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rimantadine" title="Rimantadine">Rimantadine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diarylethylamines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diphenidine" title="Diphenidine">Diphenidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ephenidine" title="Ephenidine">Ephenidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluorolintane" title="Fluorolintane">Fluorolintane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methoxphenidine" title="Methoxphenidine">Methoxphenidine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Morphinan" title="Morphinan">Morphinans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dextrallorphan" title="Dextrallorphan">Dextrallorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dextromethorphan" title="Dextromethorphan">Dextromethorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dextrorphan" title="Dextrorphan">Dextrorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racemethorphan" class="mw-redirect" title="Racemethorphan">Racemethorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racemorphan" title="Racemorphan">Racemorphan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2-EMSB" class="mw-redirect" title="2-EMSB">2-EMSB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2-MDP" title="2-MDP">2-MDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8A-PDHQ" title="8A-PDHQ">8A-PDHQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aptiganel" title="Aptiganel">Aptiganel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budipine" title="Budipine">Budipine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delucemine" title="Delucemine">Delucemine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dexoxadrol" title="Dexoxadrol">Dexoxadrol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dizocilpine" title="Dizocilpine">Dizocilpine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etoxadrol" title="Etoxadrol">Etoxadrol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herkinorin" title="Herkinorin">Herkinorin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibogaine" title="Ibogaine">Ibogaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midafotel" title="Midafotel">Midafotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NEFA_(drug)" title="NEFA (drug)">NEFA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neramexane" title="Neramexane">Neramexane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nitrous_oxide" title="Nitrous oxide">Nitrous oxide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noribogaine" title="Noribogaine">Noribogaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perzinfotel" title="Perzinfotel">Perzinfotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RB-64" title="RB-64">RB-64</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remacemide" title="Remacemide">Remacemide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selfotel" title="Selfotel">Selfotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenon" title="Xenon">Xenon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Deliriant" title="Deliriant">Deliriants</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Muscarinic_acetylcholine_receptor" title="Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor">mAChR</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Anticholinergic" title="Anticholinergic">antagonists</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atropine" title="Atropine">Atropine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benactyzine" title="Benactyzine">Benactyzine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benzatropine" title="Benzatropine">Benzatropine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benzydamine" title="Benzydamine">Benzydamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biperiden" title="Biperiden">Biperiden</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BRN-1484501&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BRN-1484501 (page does not exist)">BRN-1484501</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brompheniramine" title="Brompheniramine">Brompheniramine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3-Quinuclidinyl_benzilate" title="3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate">BZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CAR-226,086" title="CAR-226,086">CAR-226,086</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CAR-301,060" title="CAR-301,060">CAR-301,060</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CAR-302,196" title="CAR-302,196">CAR-302,196</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CAR-302,282" title="CAR-302,282">CAR-302,282</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CAR-302,368&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CAR-302,368 (page does not exist)">CAR-302,368</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CAR-302,537&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CAR-302,537 (page does not exist)">CAR-302,537</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CAR-302,668" title="CAR-302,668">CAR-302,668</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chloropyramine" title="Chloropyramine">Chloropyramine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlorphenamine" title="Chlorphenamine">Chlorphenamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clemastine" title="Clemastine">Clemastine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CS-27349" title="CS-27349">CS-27349</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclizine" title="Cyclizine">Cyclizine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyproheptadine" title="Cyproheptadine">Cyproheptadine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicycloverine" title="Dicycloverine">Dicycloverine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimenhydrinate" title="Dimenhydrinate">Dimenhydrinate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diphenhydramine" title="Diphenhydramine">Diphenhydramine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ditran" title="Ditran">Ditran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doxylamine" title="Doxylamine">Doxylamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EA-3167" title="EA-3167">EA-3167</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EA-3443" title="EA-3443">EA-3443</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EA-3580" title="EA-3580">EA-3580</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EA-3834" title="EA-3834">EA-3834</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flavoxate" title="Flavoxate">Flavoxate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyoscyamine" title="Hyoscyamine">Hyoscyamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N-Ethyl-3-piperidyl_benzilate" title="N-Ethyl-3-piperidyl benzilate">JB-318</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N-Methyl-3-piperidyl_benzilate" title="N-Methyl-3-piperidyl benzilate">JB-336</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meclozine" class="mw-redirect" title="Meclozine">Meclozine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mepyramine" title="Mepyramine">Mepyramine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orphenadrine" title="Orphenadrine">Orphenadrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxybutynin" title="Oxybutynin">Oxybutynin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pheniramine" title="Pheniramine">Pheniramine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phenyltoloxamine" title="Phenyltoloxamine">Phenyltoloxamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procyclidine" title="Procyclidine">Procyclidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Promethazine" title="Promethazine">Promethazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scopolamine" title="Scopolamine">Scopolamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolterodine" title="Tolterodine">Tolterodine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trihexyphenidyl" title="Trihexyphenidyl">Trihexyphenidyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripelennamine" title="Tripelennamine">Tripelennamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triprolidine" title="Triprolidine">Triprolidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WIN-2299" title="WIN-2299">WIN-2299</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cannabinoid" title="Cannabinoid">Cannabinoids</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Cannabinoid_receptor_type_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Cannabinoid receptor type 1">CB<sub>1</sub></a> agonists)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Phytocannabinoids" class="mw-redirect" title="Phytocannabinoids">Natural</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Salvinorin_A" title="Salvinorin A">Salvinorin A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrahydrocannabinol" title="Tetrahydrocannabinol">THC (Dronabinol)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/THCV" class="mw-redirect" title="THCV">THCV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Synthetic_cannabinoids" title="Synthetic cannabinoids">Synthetic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_AM_cannabinoids" title="List of AM cannabinoids">AM-<i>x</i></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AM-087" title="AM-087">AM-087</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM251" class="mw-redirect" title="AM251">AM-251</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AM-279_(disambiguation)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AM-279 (disambiguation) (page does not exist)">AM-279</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AM-281_(disambiguation)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AM-281 (disambiguation) (page does not exist)">AM-281</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AM-356_(disambiguation)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AM-356 (disambiguation) (page does not exist)">AM-356</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AM-374_(disambiguation)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AM-374 (disambiguation) (page does not exist)">AM-374</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AM-381_(disambiguation)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AM-381 (disambiguation) (page does not exist)">AM-381</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-404" class="mw-redirect" title="AM-404">AM-404</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-411" title="AM-411">AM-411</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-630" title="AM-630">AM-630</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AM-661&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AM-661 (page does not exist)">AM-661</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-678" class="mw-redirect" title="AM-678">AM-678</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-679_(cannabinoid)" title="AM-679 (cannabinoid)">AM-679</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-694" title="AM-694">AM-694</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AM-735&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AM-735 (page does not exist)">AM-735</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-855" title="AM-855">AM-855</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AM-881&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AM-881 (page does not exist)">AM-881</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-883" class="mw-redirect" title="AM-883">AM-883</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-905" title="AM-905">AM-905</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-906" title="AM-906">AM-906</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-919" title="AM-919">AM-919</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-926" class="mw-redirect" title="AM-926">AM-926</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-938" title="AM-938">AM-938</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AM-1116&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AM-1116 (page does not exist)">AM-1116</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AM-1172&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AM-1172 (page does not exist)">AM-1172</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-1220" title="AM-1220">AM-1220</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-1221" title="AM-1221">AM-1221</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-1235" title="AM-1235">AM-1235</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-1241" title="AM-1241">AM-1241</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-1248" title="AM-1248">AM-1248</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AM-1710&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AM-1710 (page does not exist)">AM-1710</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-1714" title="AM-1714">AM-1714</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AM-1902&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AM-1902 (page does not exist)">AM-1902</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-2201" title="AM-2201">AM-2201</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AM-2212&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AM-2212 (page does not exist)">AM-2212</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AM-2213&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AM-2213 (page does not exist)">AM-2213</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-2232" title="AM-2232">AM-2232</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-2233" title="AM-2233">AM-2233</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-2389" title="AM-2389">AM-2389</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AM-3102&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AM-3102 (page does not exist)">AM-3102</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-4030" title="AM-4030">AM-4030</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AM-4054&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AM-4054 (page does not exist)">AM-4054</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-4056" class="mw-redirect" title="AM-4056">AM-4056</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-4113" class="mw-redirect" title="AM-4113">AM-4113</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-6545" title="AM-6545">AM-6545</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_CP_cannabinoids" title="List of CP cannabinoids">CP <i>x</i></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CP_47,497" title="CP 47,497">CP 47,497</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CP_55,244" title="CP 55,244">CP 55,244</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CP_55,940" title="CP 55,940">CP 55,940</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=(%C2%B1)-CP_55,940&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="(±)-CP 55,940 (page does not exist)">(±)-CP 55,940</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=(%2B)-CP_55,940&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="(+)-CP 55,940 (page does not exist)">(+)-CP 55,940</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=(-)-CP_55,940&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="(-)-CP 55,940 (page does not exist)">(-)-CP 55,940</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_HU_cannabinoids" title="List of HU cannabinoids">HU-<i>x</i></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HU-210" title="HU-210">HU-210</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HU-211" class="mw-redirect" title="HU-211">HU-211</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HU-239" class="mw-redirect" title="HU-239">HU-239</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HU-243" title="HU-243">HU-243</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HU-308" class="mw-redirect" title="HU-308">HU-308</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HU-320" title="HU-320">HU-320</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HU-331" title="HU-331">HU-331</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HU-336" title="HU-336">HU-336</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HU-345" title="HU-345">HU-345</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_JWH_cannabinoids" title="List of JWH cannabinoids">JWH-<i>x</i></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/JWH-007" title="JWH-007">JWH-007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-015" title="JWH-015">JWH-015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-018" title="JWH-018">JWH-018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-019" title="JWH-019">JWH-019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-030" title="JWH-030">JWH-030</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-047" title="JWH-047">JWH-047</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-048" title="JWH-048">JWH-048</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-051" title="JWH-051">JWH-051</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-057" title="JWH-057">JWH-057</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-073" title="JWH-073">JWH-073</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-081" title="JWH-081">JWH-081</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-098" title="JWH-098">JWH-098</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-116" title="JWH-116">JWH-116</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-120" title="JWH-120">JWH-120</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-122" title="JWH-122">JWH-122</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-133" title="JWH-133">JWH-133</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=JWH-139&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JWH-139 (page does not exist)">JWH-139</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-147" title="JWH-147">JWH-147</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-148" title="JWH-148">JWH-148</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-149" title="JWH-149">JWH-149</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-149" title="JWH-149">JWH-149</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-161" title="JWH-161">JWH-161</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-164" title="JWH-164">JWH-164</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=JWH-166&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JWH-166 (page does not exist)">JWH-166</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-167" title="JWH-167">JWH-167</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-171" class="mw-redirect" title="JWH-171">JWH-171</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-175" title="JWH-175">JWH-175</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-176" title="JWH-176">JWH-176</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=JWH-181&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JWH-181 (page does not exist)">JWH-181</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-182" class="mw-redirect" title="JWH-182">JWH-182</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-184" title="JWH-184">JWH-184</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-185" title="JWH-185">JWH-185</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=JWH-192&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JWH-192 (page does not exist)">JWH-192</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-193" title="JWH-193">JWH-193</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=JWH-194&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JWH-194 (page does not exist)">JWH-194</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=JWH-195&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JWH-195 (page does not exist)">JWH-195</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-196" title="JWH-196">JWH-196</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=JWH-197&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JWH-197 (page does not exist)">JWH-197</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-198" title="JWH-198">JWH-198</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=JWH-199&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JWH-199 (page does not exist)">JWH-199</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-200" title="JWH-200">JWH-200</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-203" title="JWH-203">JWH-203</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=JWH-205&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JWH-205 (page does not exist)">JWH-205</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-210" title="JWH-210">JWH-210</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-210" title="JWH-210">JWH-210</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=JWH-213&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JWH-213 (page does not exist)">JWH-213</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=JWH-220&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JWH-220 (page does not exist)">JWH-220</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=JWH-229&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JWH-229 (page does not exist)">JWH-229</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=JWH-234&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JWH-234 (page does not exist)">JWH-234</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-249" title="JWH-249">JWH-249</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-250" title="JWH-250">JWH-250</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-251" title="JWH-251">JWH-251</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=JWH-253&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JWH-253 (page does not exist)">JWH-253</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=JWH-258&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JWH-258 (page does not exist)">JWH-258</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=JWH-300&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JWH-300 (page does not exist)">JWH-300</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-302" title="JWH-302">JWH-302</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-307" title="JWH-307">JWH-307</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=JWH-336&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JWH-336 (page does not exist)">JWH-336</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=JWH-350&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JWH-350 (page does not exist)">JWH-350</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-359" title="JWH-359">JWH-359</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=JWH-387&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JWH-387 (page does not exist)">JWH-387</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-398" title="JWH-398">JWH-398</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-424" title="JWH-424">JWH-424</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_miscellaneous_designer_cannabinoids" title="List of miscellaneous designer cannabinoids">Misc. designer cannabinoids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/4-HTMPIPO" title="4-HTMPIPO">4-HTMPIPO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5F-AB-FUPPYCA" title="5F-AB-FUPPYCA">5F-AB-FUPPYCA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5F-AB-PINACA" title="5F-AB-PINACA">5F-AB-PINACA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5F-ADB" title="5F-ADB">5F-ADB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5F-ADB-PINACA" title="5F-ADB-PINACA">5F-ADB-PINACA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5F-ADBICA" title="5F-ADBICA">5F-ADBICA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5F-AMB" title="5F-AMB">5F-AMB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5F-APINACA" title="5F-APINACA">5F-APINACA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5F-CUMYL-PINACA" title="5F-CUMYL-PINACA">5F-CUMYL-PINACA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5F-NNE1" title="5F-NNE1">5F-NNE1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5F-PB-22" title="5F-PB-22">5F-PB-22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5F-SDB-006" title="5F-SDB-006">5F-SDB-006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A-796,260" title="A-796,260">A-796,260</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A-836,339" title="A-836,339">A-836,339</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AB-001" title="AB-001">AB-001</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AB-005" title="AB-005">AB-005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AB-CHFUPYCA" title="AB-CHFUPYCA">AB-CHFUPYCA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AB-CHMINACA" title="AB-CHMINACA">AB-CHMINACA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AB-FUBINACA" title="AB-FUBINACA">AB-FUBINACA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AB-PINACA" title="AB-PINACA">AB-PINACA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ADAMANTYL-THPINACA" class="mw-redirect" title="ADAMANTYL-THPINACA">ADAMANTYL-THPINACA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ADB-CHMINACA" title="ADB-CHMINACA">ADB-CHMINACA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ADB-FUBINACA" title="ADB-FUBINACA">ADB-FUBINACA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ADB-PINACA" title="ADB-PINACA">ADB-PINACA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ADBICA" title="ADBICA">ADBICA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ADSB-FUB-187" title="ADSB-FUB-187">ADSB-FUB-187</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMB-FUBINACA" title="AMB-FUBINACA">AMB-FUBINACA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/APICA_(synthetic_cannabinoid_drug)" title="APICA (synthetic cannabinoid drug)">APICA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/APINACA" title="APINACA">APINACA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/APP-FUBINACA" title="APP-FUBINACA">APP-FUBINACA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CB-13" title="CB-13">CB-13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CUMYL-PICA" title="CUMYL-PICA">CUMYL-PICA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CUMYL-PINACA" title="CUMYL-PINACA">CUMYL-PINACA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CUMYL-THPINACA" title="CUMYL-THPINACA">CUMYL-THPINACA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimethylheptylpyran" title="Dimethylheptylpyran">DMHP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EAM-2201" title="EAM-2201">EAM-2201</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FAB-144" title="FAB-144">FAB-144</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FDU-PB-22" title="FDU-PB-22">FDU-PB-22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FUB-144" title="FUB-144">FUB-144</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FUB-APINACA" title="FUB-APINACA">FUB-APINACA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FUB-JWH-018" title="FUB-JWH-018">FUB-JWH-018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FUB-PB-22" title="FUB-PB-22">FUB-PB-22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FUBIMINA" title="FUBIMINA">FUBIMINA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JTE_7-31" title="JTE 7-31">JTE 7-31</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JTE-907" title="JTE-907">JTE-907</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levonantradol" title="Levonantradol">Levonantradol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MDMB-CHMICA" title="MDMB-CHMICA">MDMB-CHMICA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MDMB-CHMINACA" title="MDMB-CHMINACA">MDMB-CHMINACA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MDMB-FUBINACA" title="MDMB-FUBINACA">MDMB-FUBINACA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MEPIRAPIM" class="mw-redirect" title="MEPIRAPIM">MEPIRAPIM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MAM-2201" title="MAM-2201">MAM-2201</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MDA-19" title="MDA-19">MDA-19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MN-18" title="MN-18">MN-18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MN-25" title="MN-25">MN-25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NESS-0327" title="NESS-0327">NESS-0327</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NESS-040C5" title="NESS-040C5">NESS-040C5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabilone" title="Nabilone">Nabilone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabitan" title="Nabitan">Nabitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NM-2201" title="NM-2201">NM-2201</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NNE1" title="NNE1">NNE1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Org_28611" title="Org 28611">Org 28611</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parahexyl" title="Parahexyl">Parahexyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PTI-1" title="PTI-1">PTI-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PTI-2" title="PTI-2">PTI-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PX-1" title="PX-1">PX-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PX-2" title="PX-2">PX-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PX-3" title="PX-3">PX-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QUCHIC" title="QUCHIC">QUCHIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QUPIC" class="mw-redirect" title="QUPIC">QUPIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RCS-4" title="RCS-4">RCS-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RCS-8" title="RCS-8">RCS-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SDB-005" title="SDB-005">SDB-005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SDB-006" title="SDB-006">SDB-006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-135_(drug)" title="STS-135 (drug)">STS-135</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/THC-O-acetate" title="THC-O-acetate">THC-O-acetate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/THC-O-phosphate" title="THC-O-phosphate">THC-O-phosphate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/THJ-018" title="THJ-018">THJ-018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/THJ-2201" title="THJ-2201">THJ-2201</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UR-144" title="UR-144">UR-144</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WIN_55,212-2" title="WIN 55,212-2">WIN 55,212-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XLR-11" title="XLR-11">XLR-11</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dopamine_receptor_D2" title="Dopamine receptor D2">D<sub>2</sub></a> <a href="/wiki/Dopamine_agonist" title="Dopamine agonist">agonists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apomorphine" title="Apomorphine">Apomorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aporphine" title="Aporphine">Aporphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bromocriptine" title="Bromocriptine">Bromocriptine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabergoline" title="Cabergoline">Cabergoline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisuride" title="Lisuride">Lisuride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LSD" title="LSD">LSD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memantine" title="Memantine">Memantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuciferine" title="Nuciferine">Nuciferine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pergolide" title="Pergolide">Pergolide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phenethylamine" title="Phenethylamine">Phenethylamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piribedil" title="Piribedil">Piribedil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pramipexole" title="Pramipexole">Pramipexole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ropinirole" title="Ropinirole">Ropinirole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotigotine" title="Rotigotine">Rotigotine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvinorin_A" title="Salvinorin A">Salvinorin A</a><br /><small>Also indirect D<sub>2</sub> agonists, such as <a href="/wiki/Dopamine_reuptake_inhibitor" title="Dopamine reuptake inhibitor">dopamine reuptake inhibitors</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cocaine" title="Cocaine">cocaine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Methylphenidate" title="Methylphenidate">methylphenidate</a>), <a href="/wiki/Releasing_agent" class="mw-redirect" title="Releasing agent">releasing agents</a> (<a href="/wiki/Amphetamine" title="Amphetamine">amphetamine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Methamphetamine" title="Methamphetamine">methamphetamine</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Precursor_(chemistry)" title="Precursor (chemistry)">precursors</a> (<a href="/wiki/L-DOPA" title="L-DOPA">levodopa</a>).</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/GABAA_receptor" title="GABAA receptor">GABA<sub>A</sub></a><br />enhancers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CI-966" title="CI-966">CI-966</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eszopiclone" title="Eszopiclone">Eszopiclone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibotenic_acid" title="Ibotenic acid">Ibotenic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscimol" title="Muscimol">Muscimol</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_muscaria" title="Amanita muscaria">Amanita muscaria</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaleplon" title="Zaleplon">Zaleplon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zolpidem" title="Zolpidem">Zolpidem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zopiclone" title="Zopiclone">Zopiclone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Inhalant" title="Inhalant">Inhalants</a><br /><small>(Mixed <a href="/wiki/Mechanism_of_action" title="Mechanism of action">MOA</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aliphatic_hydrocarbons" class="mw-redirect" title="Aliphatic hydrocarbons">Aliphatic hydrocarbons</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Butane" title="Butane">Butane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gasoline" title="Gasoline">Gasoline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerosene" title="Kerosene">Kerosene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propane" title="Propane">Propane</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aromatic_hydrocarbon" class="mw-redirect" title="Aromatic hydrocarbon">Aromatic hydrocarbons</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Toluene" title="Toluene">Toluene</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ether" title="Ether">Ethers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diethyl_ether" title="Diethyl ether">Diethyl ether</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enflurane" title="Enflurane">Enflurane</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haloalkane" title="Haloalkane">Haloalkanes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chlorofluorocarbon" title="Chlorofluorocarbon">Chlorofluorocarbons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chloroform" title="Chloroform">Chloroform</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%CE%9A-opioid_receptor" title="Κ-opioid receptor">κOR</a> <a href="/wiki/Opioid" title="Opioid">agonists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Salvinorin_B_ethoxymethyl_ether" class="mw-redirect" title="Salvinorin B ethoxymethyl ether">2-EMSB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alazocine" title="Alazocine">Alazocine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bremazocine" title="Bremazocine">Bremazocine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butorphan" class="mw-redirect" title="Butorphan">Butorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butorphanol" title="Butorphanol">Butorphanol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclazocine" title="Cyclazocine">Cyclazocine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclorphan" title="Cyclorphan">Cyclorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprenorphine" title="Cyprenorphine">Cyprenorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diprenorphine" title="Diprenorphine">Diprenorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enadoline" title="Enadoline">Enadoline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herkinorin" title="Herkinorin">Herkinorin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heroin" title="Heroin">Heroin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HZ-2" title="HZ-2">HZ-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibogaine" title="Ibogaine">Ibogaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketazocine" title="Ketazocine">Ketazocine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levallorphan" title="Levallorphan">Levallorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levomethorphan" title="Levomethorphan">Levomethorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levorphanol" title="Levorphanol">Levorphanol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LPK-26" title="LPK-26">LPK-26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metazocine" title="Metazocine">Metazocine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morphine" title="Morphine">Morphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nalbuphine" title="Nalbuphine">Nalbuphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nalmefene" title="Nalmefene">Nalmefene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nalorphine" title="Nalorphine">Nalorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noribogaine" title="Noribogaine">Noribogaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxilorphan" title="Oxilorphan">Oxilorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentazocine" title="Pentazocine">Pentazocine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phenazocine" title="Phenazocine">Phenazocine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proxorphan" title="Proxorphan">Proxorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racemethorphan" class="mw-redirect" title="Racemethorphan">Racemethorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racemorphan" title="Racemorphan">Racemorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvinorin_A" title="Salvinorin A">Salvinorin A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiradoline" title="Spiradoline">Spiradoline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tifluadom" title="Tifluadom">Tifluadom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U-50488" title="U-50488">U-50488</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U-69,593" title="U-69,593">U-69,593</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xorphanol" title="Xorphanol">Xorphanol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oneirogen" title="Oneirogen">Oneirogens</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calea_ternifolia" title="Calea ternifolia">Calea zacatechichi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silene_undulata" title="Silene undulata">Silene capensis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galantamine" title="Galantamine">Galantamine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glaucine" title="Glaucine">Glaucine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isoaminile" title="Isoaminile">Isoaminile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noscapine" title="Noscapine">Noscapine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prenoxdiazine" title="Prenoxdiazine">Prenoxdiazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pukateine" title="Pukateine">Pukateine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Antidepressants_(N06A)246" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Antidepressants" title="Template:Antidepressants"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Antidepressants" title="Template talk:Antidepressants"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Antidepressants" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Antidepressants"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Antidepressants_(N06A)246" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Antidepressant" title="Antidepressant">Antidepressants</a> (<a href="/wiki/ATC_code_N06#N06A" title="ATC code N06">N06A</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Specific_reuptake_inhibitors_and/or_receptor_modulators246" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Specific <a href="/wiki/Reuptake_inhibitor" title="Reuptake inhibitor">reuptake inhibitors</a> and/or <a href="/wiki/Receptor_modulator" title="Receptor modulator">receptor modulators</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Selective_serotonin_reuptake_inhibitors" class="mw-redirect" title="Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors"><abbr title="Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors">SSRIs</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citalopram" title="Citalopram">Citalopram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escitalopram" title="Escitalopram">Escitalopram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluoxetine" title="Fluoxetine">Fluoxetine</a><sup>#</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluvoxamine" title="Fluvoxamine">Fluvoxamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indalpine" title="Indalpine">Indalpine</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paroxetine" title="Paroxetine">Paroxetine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sertraline" title="Sertraline">Sertraline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimelidine" title="Zimelidine">Zimelidine</a><sup>‡</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Serotonin%E2%80%93norepinephrine_reuptake_inhibitors" class="mw-redirect" title="Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors"><abbr title="Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors">SNRIs</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Desvenlafaxine" title="Desvenlafaxine">Desvenlafaxine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duloxetine" title="Duloxetine">Duloxetine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levomilnacipran" title="Levomilnacipran">Levomilnacipran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milnacipran" title="Milnacipran">Milnacipran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tofenacin" title="Tofenacin">Tofenacin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venlafaxine" title="Venlafaxine">Venlafaxine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Norepinephrine_reuptake_inhibitors" class="mw-redirect" title="Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors"><abbr title="Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors">NRIs</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atomoxetine" title="Atomoxetine">Atomoxetine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reboxetine" title="Reboxetine">Reboxetine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viloxazine" title="Viloxazine">Viloxazine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Norepinephrine%E2%80%93dopamine_reuptake_inhibitors" class="mw-redirect" title="Norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitors"><abbr title="Norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitors">NDRIs</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitors</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amineptine" title="Amineptine">Amineptine</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bupropion" title="Bupropion">Bupropion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nomifensine" title="Nomifensine">Nomifensine</a><sup>‡</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Noradrenergic_and_specific_serotonergic_antidepressants" class="mw-redirect" title="Noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressants"><abbr title="Noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressants">NaSSAs</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressants</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mianserin" title="Mianserin">Mianserin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirtazapine" title="Mirtazapine">Mirtazapine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Setiptiline" title="Setiptiline">Setiptiline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Serotonin_antagonist_and_reuptake_inhibitors" class="mw-redirect" title="Serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitors"><abbr title="Serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitors">SARIs</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitors</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Etoperidone" title="Etoperidone">Etoperidone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nefazodone" title="Nefazodone">Nefazodone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trazodone" title="Trazodone">Trazodone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Serotonin_modulator_and_stimulators" class="mw-redirect" title="Serotonin modulator and stimulators"><abbr title="Serotonin modulator and stimulators">SMS</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Serotonin modulator and stimulators</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vilazodone" title="Vilazodone">Vilazodone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vortioxetine" title="Vortioxetine">Vortioxetine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agomelatine" title="Agomelatine">Agomelatine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amisulpride" title="Amisulpride">Amisulpride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dextromethorphan/bupropion" title="Dextromethorphan/bupropion">Dextromethorphan/bupropion</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Esketamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha-Ethyltryptamine" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpha-Ethyltryptamine">Etryptamine</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gepirone" title="Gepirone">Gepirone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indeloxazine" title="Indeloxazine">Indeloxazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flupentixol" title="Flupentixol">Flupentixol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketamine" title="Ketamine">Ketamine</a><sup>§</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medifoxamine" title="Medifoxamine">Medifoxamine</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha-Methyltryptamine" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpha-Methyltryptamine">Metryptamine</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxaflozane" title="Oxaflozane">Oxaflozane</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pivagabine" title="Pivagabine">Pivagabine</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tandospirone" title="Tandospirone">Tandospirone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teniloxazine" title="Teniloxazine">Teniloxazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianeptine" title="Tianeptine">Tianeptine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Tricyclic_and_tetracyclic_antidepressants246" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Tricyclic" title="Tricyclic">Tricyclic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tetracyclic_antidepressant" title="Tetracyclic antidepressant">tetracyclic antidepressants</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tricyclic_antidepressants" class="mw-redirect" title="Tricyclic antidepressants"><abbr title="Tricyclic antidepressants">TCAs</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Tricyclic antidepressants</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amineptine" title="Amineptine">Amineptine</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amitriptyline" title="Amitriptyline">Amitriptyline</a><sup>#</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amitriptylinoxide" title="Amitriptylinoxide">Amitriptylinoxide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amoxapine" title="Amoxapine">Amoxapine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butriptyline" title="Butriptyline">Butriptyline</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clomipramine" title="Clomipramine">Clomipramine</a><sup>#</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demexiptiline" title="Demexiptiline">Demexiptiline</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desipramine" title="Desipramine">Desipramine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dibenzepin" title="Dibenzepin">Dibenzepin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimetacrine" title="Dimetacrine">Dimetacrine</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dosulepin" title="Dosulepin">Dosulepin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doxepin" title="Doxepin">Doxepin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imipramine" title="Imipramine">Imipramine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imipraminoxide" title="Imipraminoxide">Imipraminoxide</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iprindole" title="Iprindole">Iprindole</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lofepramine" title="Lofepramine">Lofepramine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melitracen" title="Melitracen">Melitracen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metapramine" title="Metapramine">Metapramine</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nitroxazepine" title="Nitroxazepine">Nitroxazepine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nortriptyline" title="Nortriptyline">Nortriptyline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noxiptiline" title="Noxiptiline">Noxiptiline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opipramol" title="Opipramol">Opipramol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pipofezine" title="Pipofezine">Pipofezine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propizepine" title="Propizepine">Propizepine</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protriptyline" title="Protriptyline">Protriptyline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quinupramine" title="Quinupramine">Quinupramine</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianeptine" title="Tianeptine">Tianeptine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trimipramine" title="Trimipramine">Trimipramine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tetracyclic_antidepressants" class="mw-redirect" title="Tetracyclic antidepressants"><abbr title="Tetracyclic antidepressants">TeCAs</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Tetracyclic antidepressants</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maprotiline" title="Maprotiline">Maprotiline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mianserin" title="Mianserin">Mianserin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirtazapine" title="Mirtazapine">Mirtazapine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Setiptiline" title="Setiptiline">Setiptiline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tiazesim" title="Tiazesim">Tiazesim</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Monoamine_oxidase_inhibitors246" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Monoamine_oxidase_inhibitor" title="Monoamine oxidase inhibitor">Monoamine oxidase inhibitors</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-selective</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Irreversible:</i> <a href="/wiki/Benmoxin" title="Benmoxin">Benmoxin</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iproclozide" title="Iproclozide">Iproclozide</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iproniazid" title="Iproniazid">Iproniazid</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isocarboxazid" title="Isocarboxazid">Isocarboxazid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isoniazid" title="Isoniazid">Isoniazid</a><sup>#</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linezolid" title="Linezolid">Linezolid</a><sup>#</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mebanazine" title="Mebanazine">Mebanazine</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nialamide" title="Nialamide">Nialamide</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octamoxin" title="Octamoxin">Octamoxin</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phenelzine" title="Phenelzine">Phenelzine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pheniprazine" title="Pheniprazine">Pheniprazine</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phenoxypropazine" title="Phenoxypropazine">Phenoxypropazine</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pivhydrazine" title="Pivhydrazine">Pivhydrazine</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safrazine" title="Safrazine">Safrazine</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tedizolid" title="Tedizolid">Tedizolid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tranylcypromine" title="Tranylcypromine">Tranylcypromine</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Reversible:</i> <a href="/wiki/Caroxazone" title="Caroxazone">Caroxazone</a><sup>‡</sup></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Mixed:</i> <a href="/wiki/Bifemelane" title="Bifemelane">Bifemelane</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Monoamine_oxidase_A" title="Monoamine oxidase A"><abbr title="Monoamine oxidase A">MAO<sub>A</sub></abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Monoamine oxidase A</span>-selective</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Reversible:</i> <a href="/wiki/Eprobemide" title="Eprobemide">Eprobemide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metralindole" title="Metralindole">Metralindole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minaprine" title="Minaprine">Minaprine</a><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moclobemide" title="Moclobemide">Moclobemide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirlindole" title="Pirlindole">Pirlindole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrindole" title="Tetrindole">Tetrindole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toloxatone" title="Toloxatone">Toloxatone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Monoamine_oxidase_B" title="Monoamine oxidase B"><abbr title="Monoamine oxidase B">MAO<sub>B</sub></abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Monoamine oxidase B</span>-selective</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Irreversible:</i> <a href="/wiki/Selegiline" title="Selegiline">Selegiline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Adjunctive_therapies246" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Adjuvant_therapy" title="Adjuvant therapy">Adjunctive therapies</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atypical_antipsychotic" title="Atypical antipsychotic">Atypical antipsychotics</a> (<a href="/wiki/Aripiprazole" title="Aripiprazole">aripiprazole</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brexpiprazole" title="Brexpiprazole">brexpiprazole</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lurasidone" title="Lurasidone">lurasidone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olanzapine" title="Olanzapine">olanzapine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quetiapine" title="Quetiapine">quetiapine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Risperidone" title="Risperidone">risperidone</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buspirone" title="Buspirone">Buspirone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithium_(medication)" title="Lithium (medication)">Lithium</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lithium_carbonate" title="Lithium carbonate">lithium carbonate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lithium_citrate" title="Lithium citrate">lithium citrate</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thyroid_hormone" class="mw-redirect" title="Thyroid hormone">Thyroid hormones</a> (<a href="/wiki/Triiodothyronine" title="Triiodothyronine">triiodothyronine</a> (T<sub>3</sub>), <a href="/wiki/Levothyroxine" title="Levothyroxine">levothyroxine</a> (T<sub>4</sub>))</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Miscellaneous246" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Miscellaneous</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ademetionine" class="mw-redirect" title="Ademetionine">Ademetionine (<abbr title="S-adenosyl-L-methionine">SAMe</abbr>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GABAA_receptor_positive_allosteric_modulator" title="GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulator">GABAkine</a> <a href="/wiki/Neurosteroid" title="Neurosteroid">neurosteroids</a> (<a href="/wiki/Allopregnanolone" title="Allopregnanolone">brexanolone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zuranolone" title="Zuranolone">zuranolone</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypericum_perforatum" title="Hypericum perforatum"><i>Hypericum perforatum</i> (St. John's Wort)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxitriptan" title="Oxitriptan">Oxitriptan (<abbr title="5-hydroxytryptophan">5-HTP</abbr>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rubidium_chloride" title="Rubidium chloride">Rubidium chloride (RbCl)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tryptophan" title="Tryptophan">Tryptophan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><sup>#</sup><a href="/wiki/WHO_Model_List_of_Essential_Medicines" title="WHO Model List of Essential Medicines">WHO-EM</a></li> <li><sup>‡</sup><a href="/wiki/List_of_withdrawn_drugs" title="List of withdrawn drugs">Withdrawn</a> from market</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinical_trial" title="Clinical trial">Clinical trials</a>: <ul><li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Phases_of_clinical_research#Phase_III" title="Phases of clinical research">Phase III</a></li> <li><sup>§</sup>Never to phase III</li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Pharmacodynamics105" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;background:#ccccff"><div id="Pharmacodynamics105" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Pharmacodynamics" title="Pharmacodynamics">Pharmacodynamics</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ionotropic_glutamate_receptor_modulators1643" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ionotropic_glutamate_receptor_modulators" title="Template:Ionotropic glutamate receptor modulators"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ionotropic_glutamate_receptor_modulators" title="Template talk:Ionotropic glutamate receptor modulators"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ionotropic_glutamate_receptor_modulators" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ionotropic glutamate receptor modulators"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ionotropic_glutamate_receptor_modulators1643" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ionotropic_glutamate_receptor" title="Ionotropic glutamate receptor">Ionotropic glutamate receptor</a> <a href="/wiki/Receptor_modulator" title="Receptor modulator">modulators</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%CE%91-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic_acid_receptor" class="mw-redirect" title="Α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor"><abbr title="α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor">AMPAR</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Agonists:</b> <i>Main site agonists:</i> <a href="/wiki/5-Fluorowillardiine" title="5-Fluorowillardiine">5-Fluorowillardiine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acromelic_acid_A" title="Acromelic acid A">Acromelic acid (acromelate)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMPA" title="AMPA">AMPA</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%92-N-Oxalylamino-L-Alanine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Β-N-Oxalylamino-L-Alanine (page does not exist)">BOAA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domoic_acid" title="Domoic acid">Domoic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glutamate" class="mw-redirect" title="Glutamate">Glutamate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibotenic_acid" title="Ibotenic acid">Ibotenic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proline" title="Proline">Proline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quisqualic_acid" title="Quisqualic acid">Quisqualic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willardiine" title="Willardiine">Willardiine</a>; <i>Positive allosteric modulators:</i> <a href="/wiki/Aniracetam" title="Aniracetam">Aniracetam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclothiazide" title="Cyclothiazide">Cyclothiazide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CX-516" title="CX-516">CX-516</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CX-546" title="CX-546">CX-546</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CX614" title="CX614">CX-614</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farampator" title="Farampator">Farampator (CX-691, ORG-24448)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CX717" title="CX717">CX-717</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CX-1739" class="mw-redirect" title="CX-1739">CX-1739</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CX-1942&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CX-1942 (page does not exist)">CX-1942</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diazoxide" title="Diazoxide">Diazoxide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrochlorothiazide" title="Hydrochlorothiazide">Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IDRA-21" title="IDRA-21">IDRA-21</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=LY-392098&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LY-392098 (page does not exist)">LY-392098</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=LY-395153&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LY-395153 (page does not exist)">LY-395153</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LY-404187" title="LY-404187">LY-404187</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=LY-451646&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LY-451646 (page does not exist)">LY-451646</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LY-503430" title="LY-503430">LY-503430</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mibampator" title="Mibampator">Mibampator (LY-451395)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nooglutyl" title="Nooglutyl">Nooglutyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ORG-26576" title="ORG-26576">ORG-26576</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxiracetam" title="Oxiracetam">Oxiracetam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PEPA_(drug)" title="PEPA (drug)">PEPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pesampator" title="Pesampator">Pesampator (BIIB-104, PF-04958242)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piracetam" title="Piracetam">Piracetam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pramiracetam" title="Pramiracetam">Pramiracetam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-18986" title="S-18986">S-18986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulrampator" title="Tulrampator">Tulrampator (S-47445, CX-1632)</a></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Antagonists:</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=ACEA-1011&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ACEA-1011 (page does not exist)">ACEA-1011</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATPO&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATPO (page does not exist)">ATPO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Becampanel" title="Becampanel">Becampanel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caroverine" title="Caroverine">Caroverine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNQX" title="CNQX">CNQX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dasolampanel" title="Dasolampanel">Dasolampanel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DNQX" title="DNQX">DNQX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fanapanel" title="Fanapanel">Fanapanel (MPQX)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamma-D-Glutamylaminomethylsulfonic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gamma-D-Glutamylaminomethylsulfonic acid (page does not exist)">GAMS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaitocephalin" title="Kaitocephalin">Kaitocephalin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kynurenic_acid" title="Kynurenic acid">Kynurenic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kynurenine" title="Kynurenine">Kynurenine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Licostinel" title="Licostinel">Licostinel (ACEA-1021)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NBQX" title="NBQX">NBQX</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=PNQX&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PNQX (page does not exist)">PNQX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selurampanel" title="Selurampanel">Selurampanel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tezampanel" title="Tezampanel">Tezampanel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theanine" title="Theanine">Theanine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topiramate" title="Topiramate">Topiramate</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=YM90K&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="YM90K (page does not exist)">YM90K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zonampanel" title="Zonampanel">Zonampanel</a>; <i>Negative allosteric modulators:</i> <a href="/wiki/Barbiturates" class="mw-redirect" title="Barbiturates">Barbiturates</a> (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Pentobarbital" title="Pentobarbital">pentobarbital</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sodium_thiopental" title="Sodium thiopental">sodium thiopental</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclopropane" title="Cyclopropane">Cyclopropane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enflurane" title="Enflurane">Enflurane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_(drug)" title="Alcohol (drug)">Ethanol (alcohol)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evans_blue_(dye)" title="Evans blue (dye)">Evans blue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GYKI_52466" title="GYKI 52466">GYKI-52466</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=GYKI-53655&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GYKI-53655 (page does not exist)">GYKI-53655</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halothane" title="Halothane">Halothane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irampanel" title="Irampanel">Irampanel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isoflurane" title="Isoflurane">Isoflurane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perampanel" title="Perampanel">Perampanel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pregnenolone_sulfate" title="Pregnenolone sulfate">Pregnenolone sulfate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevoflurane" title="Sevoflurane">Sevoflurane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talampanel" title="Talampanel">Talampanel</a>; <i>Unknown/unsorted antagonists:</i> <a href="/wiki/Minocycline" title="Minocycline">Minocycline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Kainate_receptor" title="Kainate receptor"><abbr title="Kainate receptor">KAR</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Kainate receptor</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Agonists:</b> <i>Main site agonists:</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=5-Bromowillardiine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="5-Bromowillardiine (page does not exist)">5-Bromowillardiine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5-Iodowillardiine" title="5-Iodowillardiine">5-Iodowillardiine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Acromelic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acromelic acid (page does not exist)">Acromelic acid (acromelate)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMPA" title="AMPA">AMPA</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ATPA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ATPA (page does not exist)">ATPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domoic_acid" title="Domoic acid">Domoic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glutamate" class="mw-redirect" title="Glutamate">Glutamate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibotenic_acid" title="Ibotenic acid">Ibotenic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kainic_acid" title="Kainic acid">Kainic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=LY-339434&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LY-339434 (page does not exist)">LY-339434</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proline" title="Proline">Proline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quisqualic_acid" title="Quisqualic acid">Quisqualic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SYM-2081" title="SYM-2081">SYM-2081</a>; <i>Positive allosteric modulators:</i> <a href="/wiki/Cyclothiazide" title="Cyclothiazide">Cyclothiazide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diazoxide" title="Diazoxide">Diazoxide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enflurane" title="Enflurane">Enflurane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halothane" title="Halothane">Halothane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isoflurane" title="Isoflurane">Isoflurane</a></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Antagonists:</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=ACEA-1011&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ACEA-1011 (page does not exist)">ACEA-1011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNQX" title="CNQX">CNQX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dasolampanel" title="Dasolampanel">Dasolampanel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DNQX" title="DNQX">DNQX</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamma-D-Glutamylaminomethylsulfonic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gamma-D-Glutamylaminomethylsulfonic acid (page does not exist)">GAMS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaitocephalin" title="Kaitocephalin">Kaitocephalin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kynurenic_acid" title="Kynurenic acid">Kynurenic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Licostinel" title="Licostinel">Licostinel (ACEA-1021)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=LY-382884&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LY-382884 (page does not exist)">LY-382884</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NBQX" title="NBQX">NBQX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NS102" title="NS102">NS102</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selurampanel" title="Selurampanel">Selurampanel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tezampanel" title="Tezampanel">Tezampanel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theanine" title="Theanine">Theanine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topiramate" title="Topiramate">Topiramate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UBP-302" title="UBP-302">UBP-302</a>; <i>Negative allosteric modulators:</i> <a href="/wiki/Barbiturates" class="mw-redirect" title="Barbiturates">Barbiturates</a> (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Pentobarbital" title="Pentobarbital">pentobarbital</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sodium_thiopental" title="Sodium thiopental">sodium thiopental</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enflurane" title="Enflurane">Enflurane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_(drug)" title="Alcohol (drug)">Ethanol (alcohol)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evans_blue_(dye)" title="Evans blue (dye)">Evans blue</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NS-3763&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NS-3763 (page does not exist)">NS-3763</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pregnenolone_sulfate" title="Pregnenolone sulfate">Pregnenolone sulfate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/N-Methyl-D-aspartate_receptor" class="mw-redirect" title="N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor"><abbr title="N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor">NMDAR</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Agonists:</b> <i>Main site agonists:</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=2-Amino-2-(3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazol-4-yl)acetic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2-Amino-2-(3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazol-4-yl)acetic acid (page does not exist)">AMAA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aspartate" class="mw-redirect" title="Aspartate">Aspartate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glutamate" class="mw-redirect" title="Glutamate">Glutamate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homocysteic_acid" title="Homocysteic acid">Homocysteic acid (<small>L</small>-HCA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homoquinolinic_acid" title="Homoquinolinic acid">Homoquinolinic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibotenic_acid" title="Ibotenic acid">Ibotenic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N-Methyl-D-aspartic_acid" title="N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid">NMDA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proline" title="Proline">Proline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quinolinic_acid" title="Quinolinic acid">Quinolinic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrazolylglycine" title="Tetrazolylglycine">Tetrazolylglycine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theanine" title="Theanine">Theanine</a>; <i>Glycine site agonists:</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%92-Fluoro-D-alanine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Β-Fluoro-D-alanine (page does not exist)">β-Fluoro-<small>D</small>-alanine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ACBD_(drug)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ACBD (drug) (page does not exist)">ACBD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1-Aminocyclopropanecarboxylic_acid" class="mw-redirect" title="1-Aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid">ACC (ACPC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACPD" title="ACPD">ACPD</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AK-51_(drug)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AK-51 (drug) (page does not exist)">AK-51</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apimostinel" title="Apimostinel">Apimostinel (NRX-1074)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B6B21" class="mw-redirect" title="B6B21">B6B21</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carboxycyclopropylglycine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carboxycyclopropylglycine (page does not exist)">CCG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alanine" title="Alanine"><small>D</small>-Alanine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycloserine" title="Cycloserine"><small>D</small>-Cycloserine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serine" title="Serine"><small>D</small>-Serine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-(3,3-Diphenylpropyl)glycinamide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N-(3,3-Diphenylpropyl)glycinamide (page does not exist)">DHPG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimethylglycine" title="Dimethylglycine">Dimethylglycine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glycine" title="Glycine">Glycine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HA-966" title="HA-966">HA-966</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L-687,414" title="L-687,414">L-687,414</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alanine" title="Alanine"><small>L</small>-Alanine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serine" title="Serine"><small>L</small>-Serine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milacemide" title="Milacemide">Milacemide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neboglamine" title="Neboglamine">Neboglamine (nebostinel)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapastinel" title="Rapastinel">Rapastinel (GLYX-13)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarcosine" title="Sarcosine">Sarcosine</a>; <i>Polyamine site agonists:</i> <a href="/wiki/Neomycin" title="Neomycin">Neomycin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spermidine" title="Spermidine">Spermidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spermine" title="Spermine">Spermine</a>; <i>Other positive allosteric modulators:</i> <a href="/wiki/24S-Hydroxycholesterol" title="24S-Hydroxycholesterol">24<i>S</i>-Hydroxycholesterol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dehydroepiandrosterone" title="Dehydroepiandrosterone"><abbr title="Dehydroepiandrosterone">DHEA</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Dehydroepiandrosterone</span> (<a href="/wiki/Prasterone" title="Prasterone">prasterone</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dehydroepiandrosterone_sulfate" title="Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate"><abbr title="Dehydroepiandrosterone">DHEA</abbr> sulfate</a> (<a href="/wiki/Prasterone_sulfate" title="Prasterone sulfate">prasterone sulfate</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epipregnanolone_sulfate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epipregnanolone sulfate (page does not exist)">Epipregnanolone sulfate</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plazinemdor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plazinemdor (page does not exist)">Plazinemdor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pregnenolone_sulfate" title="Pregnenolone sulfate">Pregnenolone sulfate</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SAGE-201&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SAGE-201 (page does not exist)">SAGE-201</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SAGE-301&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SAGE-301 (page does not exist)">SAGE-301</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAGE-718" class="mw-redirect" title="SAGE-718">SAGE-718</a></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Antagonists:</b> <i>Competitive antagonists:</i> <a href="/wiki/AP5" title="AP5">AP5 (APV)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AP-7_(drug)" title="AP-7 (drug)">AP7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CGP-37849" title="CGP-37849">CGP-37849</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CGP-39551" title="CGP-39551">CGP-39551</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CGP-39653&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CGP-39653 (page does not exist)">CGP-39653</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CGP-40116&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CGP-40116 (page does not exist)">CGP-40116</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CGS-19755" class="mw-redirect" title="CGS-19755">CGS-19755</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=3-(2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl)propyl-1-phosphonic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3-(2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl)propyl-1-phosphonic acid (page does not exist)">CPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaitocephalin" title="Kaitocephalin">Kaitocephalin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=LY-233053&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LY-233053 (page does not exist)">LY-233053</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LY-235959" title="LY-235959">LY-235959</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=LY-274614&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LY-274614 (page does not exist)">LY-274614</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MDL-100453&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MDL-100453 (page does not exist)">MDL-100453</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midafotel" title="Midafotel">Midafotel (d-CPPene)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NPC-12626&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NPC-12626 (page does not exist)">NPC-12626</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NPC-17742&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NPC-17742 (page does not exist)">NPC-17742</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=PBPD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PBPD (page does not exist)">PBPD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PEAQX" title="PEAQX">PEAQX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perzinfotel" title="Perzinfotel">Perzinfotel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cis-1-(phenanthrene-2-carbonyl)piperazine-2,3-dicarboxylic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cis-1-(phenanthrene-2-carbonyl)piperazine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid (page does not exist)">PPDA</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SDZ-220581&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SDZ-220581 (page does not exist)">SDZ-220581</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selfotel" title="Selfotel">Selfotel</a>; <i>Glycine site antagonists:</i> <a href="/wiki/4-Chlorokynurenine" title="4-Chlorokynurenine">4-Cl-KYN (AV-101)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5,7-Dichlorokynurenic_acid" title="5,7-Dichlorokynurenic acid">5,7-DCKA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7-Chlorokynurenic_acid" title="7-Chlorokynurenic acid">7-CKA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic_acid" title="1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid">ACC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ACEA-1011&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ACEA-1011 (page does not exist)">ACEA-1011</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ACEA-1328&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ACEA-1328 (page does not exist)">ACEA-1328</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apimostinel" title="Apimostinel">Apimostinel (NRX-1074)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AV-101" class="mw-redirect" title="AV-101">AV-101</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carisoprodol" title="Carisoprodol">Carisoprodol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CGP-39653&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CGP-39653 (page does not exist)">CGP-39653</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNQX" title="CNQX">CNQX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycloserine" title="Cycloserine"><small>D</small>-Cycloserine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DNQX" title="DNQX">DNQX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felbamate" title="Felbamate">Felbamate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gavestinel" title="Gavestinel">Gavestinel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=GV-196771&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GV-196771 (page does not exist)">GV-196771</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Harkoseride&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harkoseride (page does not exist)">Harkoseride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kynurenic_acid" title="Kynurenic acid">Kynurenic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kynurenine" title="Kynurenine">Kynurenine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=L-689560&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="L-689560 (page does not exist)">L-689560</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L-701324" title="L-701324">L-701324</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Licostinel" title="Licostinel">Licostinel (ACEA-1021)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=LU-73068&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LU-73068 (page does not exist)">LU-73068</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MDL-105519&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MDL-105519 (page does not exist)">MDL-105519</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meprobamate" title="Meprobamate">Meprobamate</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MRZ_2/576&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MRZ 2/576 (page does not exist)">MRZ 2/576</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=PNQX&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PNQX (page does not exist)">PNQX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapastinel" title="Rapastinel">Rapastinel (GLYX-13)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZD-9379" title="ZD-9379">ZD-9379</a>; <i>Polyamine site antagonists:</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arcaine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arcaine (page does not exist)">Arcaine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Co_101676&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Co 101676 (page does not exist)">Co 101676</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1,3-Diaminopropane" title="1,3-Diaminopropane">Diaminopropane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diethylenetriamine" title="Diethylenetriamine">Diethylenetriamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huperzine_A" title="Huperzine A">Huperzine A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putrescine" title="Putrescine">Putrescine</a>; <i>Uncompetitive pore blockers (mostly dizocilpine site):</i> <a href="/wiki/2-MDP" title="2-MDP">2-MDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3-HO-PCP" title="3-HO-PCP">3-HO-PCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3-MeO-PCE" title="3-MeO-PCE">3-MeO-PCE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3-MeO-PCMo" title="3-MeO-PCMo">3-MeO-PCMo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3-MeO-PCP" title="3-MeO-PCP">3-MeO-PCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4-MeO-PCP" title="4-MeO-PCP">4-MeO-PCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8a-Phenyldecahydroquinoline" class="mw-redirect" title="8a-Phenyldecahydroquinoline">8A-PDHQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/18-Methoxycoronaridine" title="18-Methoxycoronaridine">18-MC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha-Endopsychosin" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpha-Endopsychosin">α-Endopsychosin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaproclate" title="Alaproclate">Alaproclate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alazocine" title="Alazocine">Alazocine (SKF-10047)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amantadine" title="Amantadine">Amantadine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aptiganel" title="Aptiganel">Aptiganel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Argiotoxin-636&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Argiotoxin-636 (page does not exist)">Argiotoxin-636</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arketamine" title="Arketamine">Arketamine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ARL-12495&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ARL-12495 (page does not exist)">ARL-12495</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARL-15896-AR" class="mw-redirect" title="ARL-15896-AR">ARL-15896-AR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARL-16247" class="mw-redirect" title="ARL-16247">ARL-16247</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budipine" title="Budipine">Budipine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronaridine" title="Coronaridine">Coronaridine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delucemine" title="Delucemine">Delucemine (NPS-1506)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dexoxadrol" title="Dexoxadrol">Dexoxadrol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dextrallorphan" title="Dextrallorphan">Dextrallorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dextromethadone" class="mw-redirect" title="Dextromethadone">Dextromethadone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dextromethorphan" title="Dextromethorphan">Dextromethorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dextrorphan" title="Dextrorphan">Dextrorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dieticyclidine" title="Dieticyclidine">Dieticyclidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diphenidine" title="Diphenidine">Diphenidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dizocilpine" title="Dizocilpine">Dizocilpine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ephenidine" title="Ephenidine">Ephenidine</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Esketamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etoxadrol" title="Etoxadrol">Etoxadrol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eticyclidine" title="Eticyclidine">Eticyclidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluorolintane" title="Fluorolintane">Fluorolintane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gacyclidine" title="Gacyclidine">Gacyclidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibogaine" title="Ibogaine">Ibogaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibogamine" title="Ibogamine">Ibogamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indantadol" title="Indantadol">Indantadol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketamine" title="Ketamine">Ketamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketobemidone" title="Ketobemidone">Ketobemidone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanicemine" title="Lanicemine">Lanicemine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levomethadone" title="Levomethadone">Levomethadone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levomethorphan" title="Levomethorphan">Levomethorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levomilnacipran" title="Levomilnacipran">Levomilnacipran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levorphanol" title="Levorphanol">Levorphanol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loperamide" title="Loperamide">Loperamide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memantine" title="Memantine">Memantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methadone" title="Methadone">Methadone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methorphan" title="Methorphan">Methorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methoxetamine" title="Methoxetamine">Methoxetamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methoxphenidine" title="Methoxphenidine">Methoxphenidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milnacipran" title="Milnacipran">Milnacipran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morphanol" class="mw-redirect" title="Morphanol">Morphanol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NEFA_(drug)" title="NEFA (drug)">NEFA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neramexane" title="Neramexane">Neramexane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nitromemantine" title="Nitromemantine">Nitromemantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noribogaine" title="Noribogaine">Noribogaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norketamine" title="Norketamine">Norketamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orphenadrine" title="Orphenadrine">Orphenadrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PCPr" title="PCPr">PCPr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PD-137889" title="PD-137889">PD-137889</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pethidine" title="Pethidine">Pethidine (meperidine)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phencyclamine" class="mw-redirect" title="Phencyclamine">Phencyclamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phencyclidine" title="Phencyclidine">Phencyclidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propoxyphene" class="mw-redirect" title="Propoxyphene">Propoxyphene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remacemide" title="Remacemide">Remacemide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhynchophylline" title="Rhynchophylline">Rhynchophylline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rimantadine" title="Rimantadine">Rimantadine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolicyclidine" title="Rolicyclidine">Rolicyclidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabeluzole" title="Sabeluzole">Sabeluzole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabernanthine" title="Tabernanthine">Tabernanthine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenocyclidine" title="Tenocyclidine">Tenocyclidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiletamine" title="Tiletamine">Tiletamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tramadol" title="Tramadol">Tramadol</a>; <i>Ifenprodil (NR2B) site antagonists:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Besonprodil" title="Besonprodil">Besonprodil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buphenine" title="Buphenine">Buphenine (nylidrin)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CO-101244&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CO-101244 (page does not exist)">CO-101244 (PD-174494)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliprodil" title="Eliprodil">Eliprodil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haloperidol" title="Haloperidol">Haloperidol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isoxsuprine" title="Isoxsuprine">Isoxsuprine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Radiprodil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Radiprodil (page does not exist)">Radiprodil (RGH-896)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rislenemdaz" title="Rislenemdaz">Rislenemdaz (CERC-301, MK-0657)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ro_8-4304&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ro 8-4304 (page does not exist)">Ro 8-4304</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ro_25-6981&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ro 25-6981 (page does not exist)">Ro 25-6981</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safaprodil" class="mw-redirect" title="Safaprodil">Safaprodil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traxoprodil" title="Traxoprodil">Traxoprodil (CP-101606)</a>; <i>NR2A-selective antagonists:</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=MPX-004&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MPX-004 (page does not exist)">MPX-004</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MPX-007&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MPX-007 (page does not exist)">MPX-007</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=TCN-201&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TCN-201 (page does not exist)">TCN-201</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=TCN-213&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TCN-213 (page does not exist)">TCN-213</a>; <i>Cations:</i> <a href="/wiki/Hydrogen" title="Hydrogen">Hydrogen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnesium" title="Magnesium">Magnesium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zinc" title="Zinc">Zinc</a>; <i>Alcohols/volatile anesthetics/related:</i> <a href="/wiki/Benzene" title="Benzene">Benzene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butane" title="Butane">Butane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chloroform" title="Chloroform">Chloroform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclopropane" title="Cyclopropane">Cyclopropane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desflurane" title="Desflurane">Desflurane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diethyl_ether" title="Diethyl ether">Diethyl ether</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enflurane" title="Enflurane">Enflurane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_(drug)" title="Alcohol (drug)">Ethanol (alcohol)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halothane" title="Halothane">Halothane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hexanol" title="Hexanol">Hexanol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isoflurane" title="Isoflurane">Isoflurane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methoxyflurane" title="Methoxyflurane">Methoxyflurane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nitrous_oxide" title="Nitrous oxide">Nitrous oxide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octanol" title="Octanol">Octanol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevoflurane" title="Sevoflurane">Sevoflurane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toluene" title="Toluene">Toluene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1,1,1-Trichloroethane" title="1,1,1-Trichloroethane">Trichloroethane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2,2,2-Trichloroethanol" title="2,2,2-Trichloroethanol">Trichloroethanol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trichloroethylene" title="Trichloroethylene">Trichloroethylene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethyl_carbamate" title="Ethyl carbamate">Urethane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenon" title="Xenon">Xenon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xylene" title="Xylene">Xylene</a>; <i>Unknown/unsorted antagonists:</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=ARR-15896&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ARR-15896 (page does not exist)">ARR-15896</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bumetanide" title="Bumetanide">Bumetanide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caroverine" title="Caroverine">Caroverine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conantokin" title="Conantokin">Conantokin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D-%CE%B1-Aminoadipate" class="mw-redirect" title="D-α-Aminoadipate"><small>D</small>-αAA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dexanabinol" title="Dexanabinol">Dexanabinol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flufenamic_acid" title="Flufenamic acid">Flufenamic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flupirtine" title="Flupirtine">Flupirtine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=FPL-12495&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="FPL-12495 (page does not exist)">FPL-12495</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=FR-115427&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="FR-115427 (page does not exist)">FR-115427</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Furosemide" title="Furosemide">Furosemide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hodgkinsine" title="Hodgkinsine">Hodgkinsine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ipenoxazone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ipenoxazone (page does not exist)">Ipenoxazone (MLV-6976)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MDL-27266&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MDL-27266 (page does not exist)">MDL-27266</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metaphit" title="Metaphit">Metaphit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minocycline" title="Minocycline">Minocycline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2-Methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine" title="2-Methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine">MPEP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niflumic_acid" title="Niflumic acid">Niflumic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentamidine" title="Pentamidine">Pentamidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentamidine_isethionate" class="mw-redirect" title="Pentamidine isethionate">Pentamidine isethionate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piretanide" title="Piretanide">Piretanide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychotridine" title="Psychotridine">Psychotridine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transcrocetin" class="mw-redirect" title="Transcrocetin">Transcrocetin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Saffron" title="Saffron">saffron</a>)</li></ul> <ul><li><b>Unsorted:</b> <i>Allosteric modulators:</i> <a href="/wiki/AGN-241751" class="mw-redirect" title="AGN-241751">AGN-241751</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><i><b>See also:</b> <a href="/wiki/Template:Receptor_modulators" title="Template:Receptor modulators">Receptor/signaling modulators</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Template:Metabotropic_glutamate_receptor_modulators" title="Template:Metabotropic glutamate receptor modulators">Metabotropic glutamate receptor modulators</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Template:Glutamate_metabolism_and_transport_modulators" title="Template:Glutamate metabolism and transport modulators">Glutamate metabolism/transport modulators</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Monoamine_reuptake_inhibitors3413" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Monoamine_reuptake_inhibitors" title="Template:Monoamine reuptake inhibitors"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Monoamine_reuptake_inhibitors" title="Template talk:Monoamine reuptake inhibitors"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Monoamine_reuptake_inhibitors" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Monoamine reuptake inhibitors"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Monoamine_reuptake_inhibitors3413" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Monoamine_reuptake_inhibitor" title="Monoamine reuptake inhibitor">Monoamine reuptake inhibitors</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Dopamine_transporter" title="Dopamine transporter"><abbr title="Dopamine transporter">DAT</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Dopamine transporter</span><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Dopamine_reuptake_inhibitors" class="mw-redirect" title="Dopamine reuptake inhibitors"><abbr title="Dopamine reuptake inhibitors">DRIs</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Dopamine reuptake inhibitors</span>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Piperazines:</i> <a href="/wiki/DBL-583" title="DBL-583">DBL-583</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GBR-12783" title="GBR-12783">GBR-12783</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GBR-12935" title="GBR-12935">GBR-12935</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GBR-13069" title="GBR-13069">GBR-13069</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GBR-13098" title="GBR-13098">GBR-13098</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JJC8-088" title="JJC8-088">JJC8-088</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nefazodone" title="Nefazodone">Nefazodone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanoxerine" title="Vanoxerine">Vanoxerine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Piperidines:</i> <a href="/wiki/4-Fluoropethidine" title="4-Fluoropethidine">4-Fluoropethidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benocyclidine" title="Benocyclidine">Benocyclidine (BTCP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desoxypipradrol" title="Desoxypipradrol">Desoxypipradrol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dexmethylphenidate" title="Dexmethylphenidate">Dexmethylphenidate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Difemetorex" title="Difemetorex">Difemetorex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethylphenidate" title="Ethylphenidate">Ethylphenidate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HDMP-28" title="HDMP-28">HDMP-28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methylphenidate" title="Methylphenidate">Methylphenidate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pethidine" title="Pethidine">Pethidine (meperidine)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phencyclidine" title="Phencyclidine">Phencyclidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pipradrol" title="Pipradrol">Pipradrol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serdexmethylphenidate" title="Serdexmethylphenidate">Serdexmethylphenidate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenocyclidine" title="Tenocyclidine">Tenocyclidine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Pyrrolidines:</i> <a href="/wiki/Diphenylprolinol" title="Diphenylprolinol">Diphenylprolinol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methylenedioxypyrovalerone" title="Methylenedioxypyrovalerone">MDPV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naphyrone" title="Naphyrone">Naphyrone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prolintane" title="Prolintane">Prolintane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrovalerone" title="Pyrovalerone">Pyrovalerone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Tropanes:</i> <a href="/wiki/Altropane" title="Altropane">Altropane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benzatropine" title="Benzatropine">Benzatropine (benztropine)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brasofensine" title="Brasofensine">Brasofensine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WIN_35428" class="mw-redirect" title="WIN 35428">CFT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocaine" title="Cocaine">Cocaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dichloropane" title="Dichloropane">Dichloropane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Difluoropine" title="Difluoropine">Difluoropine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etybenzatropine" title="Etybenzatropine">Etybenzatropine (ethybenztropine)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FE-%CE%B2-CPPIT" title="FE-β-CPPIT">FE-β-CPPIT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FP-%CE%B2-CPPIT" title="FP-β-CPPIT">FP-β-CPPIT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioflupane_(123I)" title="Ioflupane (123I)">Ioflupane (<sup>123</sup>I)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RTI-55" title="RTI-55">RTI-55</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RTI-112" title="RTI-112">RTI-112</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RTI-113" title="RTI-113">RTI-113</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RTI-121" title="RTI-121">RTI-121</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RTI-126" title="RTI-126">RTI-126</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RTI-150" title="RTI-150">RTI-150</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RTI-177" title="RTI-177">RTI-177</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RTI-229" title="RTI-229">RTI-229</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/(-)-2%CE%B2-(3-(4-Methylphenyl)isoxazol-5-yl)-3%CE%B2-(4-chlorophenyl)tropane" class="mw-redirect" title="(-)-2β-(3-(4-Methylphenyl)isoxazol-5-yl)-3β-(4-chlorophenyl)tropane">RTI-336</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tesofensine" title="Tesofensine">Tesofensine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troparil" title="Troparil">Troparil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropoxane" title="Tropoxane">Tropoxane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2%CE%B2-Propanoyl-3%CE%B2-(4-tolyl)-tropane" title="2β-Propanoyl-3β-(4-tolyl)-tropane">WF-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2%CE%B2-Propanoyl-3%CE%B2-(2-naphthyl)-tropane" title="2β-Propanoyl-3β-(2-naphthyl)-tropane">WF-23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2-Propanoyl-3-(4-isopropylphenyl)-tropane" title="2-Propanoyl-3-(4-isopropylphenyl)-tropane">WF-31</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2%CE%B1-(Propanoyl)-3%CE%B2-(2-(6-methoxynaphthyl))-tropane" title="2α-(Propanoyl)-3β-(2-(6-methoxynaphthyl))-tropane">WF-33</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Others:</i> <a href="/wiki/Adrafinil" title="Adrafinil">Adrafinil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amifitadine" class="mw-redirect" title="Amifitadine">Amifitadine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armodafinil" title="Armodafinil">Armodafinil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amfonelic_acid" title="Amfonelic acid">Amfonelic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amineptine" title="Amineptine">Amineptine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ansofaxine" class="mw-redirect" title="Ansofaxine">Ansofaxine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butyltolylquinuclidine" title="Butyltolylquinuclidine">BTQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BTS_74,398" title="BTS 74,398">BTS 74,398</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bupropion" title="Bupropion">Bupropion</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chaenomeles_speciosa" title="Chaenomeles speciosa">Chaenomeles speciosa</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciclazindol" title="Ciclazindol">Ciclazindol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dasotraline" title="Dasotraline">Dasotraline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desmethylsertraline" title="Desmethylsertraline">Desmethylsertraline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desmethylsibutramine" title="Desmethylsibutramine">Desmethylsibutramine (BTS-54354)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diclofensine" title="Diclofensine">Diclofensine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Didesmethylsibutramine" title="Didesmethylsibutramine">Didesmethylsibutramine (BTS-54505)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimethocaine" title="Dimethocaine">Dimethocaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diphenylpyraline" title="Diphenylpyraline">Diphenylpyraline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dizocilpine" title="Dizocilpine">Dizocilpine (MK-801)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DOV-102,677" title="DOV-102,677">DOV-102,677</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DOV-216,303" title="DOV-216,303">DOV-216,303</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efavirenz" title="Efavirenz">Efavirenz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ephenidine" title="Ephenidine">Ephenidine</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Esketamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EXP-561" title="EXP-561">EXP-561</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fencamfamin" title="Fencamfamin">Fencamfamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fezolamine" title="Fezolamine">Fezolamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluorenol" title="Fluorenol">Fluorenol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GYKI-52895" class="mw-redirect" title="GYKI-52895">GYKI-52895</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydroxybupropion" title="Hydroxybupropion">Hydroxybupropion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indatraline" title="Indatraline">Indatraline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketamine" title="Ketamine">Ketamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lafadofensine" title="Lafadofensine">Lafadofensine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lefetamine" title="Lefetamine">Lefetamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levophacetoperane" title="Levophacetoperane">Levophacetoperane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liafensine" title="Liafensine">Liafensine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LR-5182" title="LR-5182">LR-5182</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manifaxine" title="Manifaxine">Manifaxine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazindol" title="Mazindol">Mazindol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medifoxamine" title="Medifoxamine">Medifoxamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesocarb" title="Mesocarb">Mesocarb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metaphit" title="Metaphit">Metaphit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIN-117" title="MIN-117">MIN-117 (WF-516)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modafinil" title="Modafinil">Modafinil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nefopam" title="Nefopam">Nefopam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nomifensine" title="Nomifensine">Nomifensine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NS-2359" title="NS-2359">NS-2359</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O-2172" title="O-2172">O-2172</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oroxylin_A" title="Oroxylin A">Oroxylin A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perafensine" title="Perafensine">Perafensine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pridefine" title="Pridefine">Pridefine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radafaxine" title="Radafaxine">Radafaxine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rimcazole" title="Rimcazole">Rimcazole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sertraline" title="Sertraline">Sertraline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibutramine" title="Sibutramine">Sibutramine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solriamfetol" title="Solriamfetol">Solriamfetol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tametraline" title="Tametraline">Tametraline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tedatioxetine" title="Tedatioxetine">Tedatioxetine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Threohydrobupropion" title="Threohydrobupropion">Threohydrobupropion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripelennamine" title="Tripelennamine">Tripelennamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venlafaxine" title="Venlafaxine">Venlafaxine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Norepinephrine_transporter" title="Norepinephrine transporter"><abbr title="Norepinephrine transporter">NET</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Norepinephrine transporter</span><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Norepinephrine_reuptake_inhibitors" class="mw-redirect" title="Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors"><abbr title="Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors">NRIs</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors</span>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors:</i> <a href="/wiki/Amedalin" title="Amedalin">Amedalin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alseroxylon" title="Alseroxylon">Alseroxylon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciclazindol" title="Ciclazindol">Ciclazindol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daledalin" title="Daledalin">Daledalin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edivoxetine" title="Edivoxetine">Edivoxetine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esreboxetine" title="Esreboxetine">Esreboxetine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lortalamine" title="Lortalamine">Lortalamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazindol" title="Mazindol">Mazindol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nisoxetine" title="Nisoxetine">Nisoxetine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reboxetine" title="Reboxetine">Reboxetine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talopram" title="Talopram">Talopram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talsupram" title="Talsupram">Talsupram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tandamine" title="Tandamine">Tandamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teniloxazine" title="Teniloxazine">Teniloxazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viloxazine" title="Viloxazine">Viloxazine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitors:</i> <a href="/wiki/Amineptine" title="Amineptine">Amineptine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bupropion" title="Bupropion">Bupropion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fencamine" title="Fencamine">Fencamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fencamfamin" title="Fencamfamin">Fencamfamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydroxybupropion" title="Hydroxybupropion">Hydroxybupropion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lefetamine" title="Lefetamine">Lefetamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levophacetoperane" title="Levophacetoperane">Levophacetoperane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LR-5182" title="LR-5182">LR-5182</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manifaxine" title="Manifaxine">Manifaxine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methylphenidate" title="Methylphenidate">Methylphenidate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nomifensine" title="Nomifensine">Nomifensine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O-2172" title="O-2172">O-2172</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radafaxine" title="Radafaxine">Radafaxine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serdexmethylphenidate" title="Serdexmethylphenidate">Serdexmethylphenidate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solriamfetol" title="Solriamfetol">Solriamfetol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors:</i> <a href="/wiki/Atomoxetine" title="Atomoxetine">Atomoxetine (tomoxetine)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CP-39,332" title="CP-39,332">CP-39,332</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desvenlafaxine" title="Desvenlafaxine">Desvenlafaxine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duloxetine" title="Duloxetine">Duloxetine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eclanamine" title="Eclanamine">Eclanamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levomilnacipran" title="Levomilnacipran">Levomilnacipran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McN5652" title="McN5652">McN5652</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milnacipran" title="Milnacipran">Milnacipran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N-Methyl-PPPA" title="N-Methyl-PPPA">N-Methyl-PPPA</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nafenodone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nafenodone (page does not exist)">Nafenodone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PPPA_(drug)" title="PPPA (drug)">PPPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tofenacin" title="Tofenacin">Tofenacin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venlafaxine" title="Venlafaxine">Venlafaxine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitors:</i> <a href="/wiki/3,3-Diphenylcyclobutanamine" title="3,3-Diphenylcyclobutanamine">3,3-Diphenylcyclobutanamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amifitadine" class="mw-redirect" title="Amifitadine">Amifitadine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ansofaxine" class="mw-redirect" title="Ansofaxine">Ansofaxine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicifadine" title="Bicifadine">Bicifadine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brasofensine" title="Brasofensine">Brasofensine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centanafadine" title="Centanafadine">Centanafadine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocaine" title="Cocaine">Cocaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dasotraline" title="Dasotraline">Dasotraline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desmethylsertraline" title="Desmethylsertraline">Desmethylsertraline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desmethylsibutramine" title="Desmethylsibutramine">Desmethylsibutramine (BTS-54354)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diclofensine" title="Diclofensine">Diclofensine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Didesmethylsibutramine" title="Didesmethylsibutramine">Didesmethylsibutramine (BTS-54505)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DOV-102677" class="mw-redirect" title="DOV-102677">DOV-102677</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DOV-216303" class="mw-redirect" title="DOV-216303">DOV-216303</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EXP-561" title="EXP-561">EXP-561</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fezolamine" title="Fezolamine">Fezolamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HDMP-28" title="HDMP-28">HDMP-28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP-505" title="HP-505">HP-505</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indatraline" title="Indatraline">Indatraline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JNJ-7925476" title="JNJ-7925476">JNJ-7925476</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JZ-IV-10" title="JZ-IV-10">JZ-IV-10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lafadofensine" title="Lafadofensine">Lafadofensine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liafensine" title="Liafensine">Liafensine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazindol" title="Mazindol">Mazindol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naphyrone" title="Naphyrone">Naphyrone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nefazodone" title="Nefazodone">Nefazodone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nefopam" title="Nefopam">Nefopam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NS-2359" title="NS-2359">NS-2359</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perafensine" title="Perafensine">Perafensine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PRC200" class="mw-redirect" title="PRC200">PRC200</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pridefine" title="Pridefine">Pridefine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SEP-228431&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SEP-228431 (page does not exist)">SEP-228431</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SEP-228432&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SEP-228432 (page does not exist)">SEP-228432</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibutramine" title="Sibutramine">Sibutramine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tedatioxetine" title="Tedatioxetine">Tedatioxetine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tesofensine" title="Tesofensine">Tesofensine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Threohydrobupropion" title="Threohydrobupropion">Threohydrobupropion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropane" title="Tropane">Tropanes</a> (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Cocaine" title="Cocaine">cocaine</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Tricyclic antidepressants:</i> <a href="/wiki/Amitriptyline" title="Amitriptyline">Amitriptyline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butriptyline" title="Butriptyline">Butriptyline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cianopramine" title="Cianopramine">Cianopramine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clomipramine" title="Clomipramine">Clomipramine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desipramine" title="Desipramine">Desipramine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dosulepin" title="Dosulepin">Dosulepin (dothiepin)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doxepin" title="Doxepin">Doxepin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imipramine" title="Imipramine">Imipramine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lofepramine" title="Lofepramine">Lofepramine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melitracen" title="Melitracen">Melitracen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nortriptyline" title="Nortriptyline">Nortriptyline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protriptyline" title="Protriptyline">Protriptyline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trimipramine" title="Trimipramine">Trimipramine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Tetracyclic antidepressants:</i> <a href="/wiki/Amoxapine" title="Amoxapine">Amoxapine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maprotiline" title="Maprotiline">Maprotiline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mianserin" title="Mianserin">Mianserin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxaprotiline" title="Oxaprotiline">Oxaprotiline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Setiptiline" title="Setiptiline">Setiptiline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Others:</i> <a href="/wiki/Histamine_antagonist" class="mw-redirect" title="Histamine antagonist">Antihistamines</a> (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Brompheniramine" title="Brompheniramine">brompheniramine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chlorphenamine" title="Chlorphenamine">chlorphenamine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pheniramine" title="Pheniramine">pheniramine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tripelennamine" title="Tripelennamine">tripelennamine</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antipsychotic" title="Antipsychotic">Antipsychotics</a> (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Loxapine" title="Loxapine">loxapine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ziprasidone" title="Ziprasidone">ziprasidone</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arylcyclohexylamine" title="Arylcyclohexylamine">Arylcyclohexylamines</a> (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Ketamine" title="Ketamine">ketamine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phencyclidine" title="Phencyclidine">phencyclidine</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dopexamine" title="Dopexamine">Dopexamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ephenidine" title="Ephenidine">Ephenidine</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ginkgo_biloba" title="Ginkgo biloba">Ginkgo biloba</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indeloxazine" title="Indeloxazine">Indeloxazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nefazodone" title="Nefazodone">Nefazodone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opioid" title="Opioid">Opioids</a> (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Desmetramadol" title="Desmetramadol">desmetramadol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Methadone" title="Methadone">methadone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pethidine" title="Pethidine">pethidine (meperidine)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tapentadol" title="Tapentadol">tapentadol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tramadol" title="Tramadol">tramadol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Levorphanol" title="Levorphanol">levorphanol</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Serotonin_transporter" title="Serotonin transporter"><abbr title="Serotonin transporter">SERT</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Serotonin transporter</span><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Serotonin_reuptake_inhibitors" class="mw-redirect" title="Serotonin reuptake inhibitors"><abbr title="Serotonin reuptake inhibitors">SRIs</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Serotonin reuptake inhibitors</span>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors:</i> <a href="/wiki/6-Nitroquipazine" title="6-Nitroquipazine">6-Nitroquipazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaproclate" title="Alaproclate">Alaproclate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centpropazine" title="Centpropazine">Centpropazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cericlamine" title="Cericlamine">Cericlamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citalopram" title="Citalopram">Citalopram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dapoxetine" title="Dapoxetine">Dapoxetine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desmethylcitalopram" title="Desmethylcitalopram">Desmethylcitalopram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Didesmethylcitalopram" title="Didesmethylcitalopram">Didesmethylcitalopram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escitalopram" title="Escitalopram">Escitalopram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Femoxetine" title="Femoxetine">Femoxetine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluoxetine" title="Fluoxetine">Fluoxetine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluvoxamine" title="Fluvoxamine">Fluvoxamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indalpine" title="Indalpine">Indalpine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ifoxetine" title="Ifoxetine">Ifoxetine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfluoxetine" class="mw-redirect" title="Norfluoxetine">Norfluoxetine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omiloxetine" title="Omiloxetine">Omiloxetine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panuramine" title="Panuramine">Panuramine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paroxetine" title="Paroxetine">Paroxetine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PIM-35" title="PIM-35">PIM-35</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirandamine" title="Pirandamine">Pirandamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RTI-353" title="RTI-353">RTI-353</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seproxetine" title="Seproxetine">Seproxetine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sertraline" title="Sertraline">Sertraline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimelidine" title="Zimelidine">Zimelidine</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and serotonin receptor modulators:</i> <a href="/wiki/Etoperidone" title="Etoperidone">Etoperidone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Litoxetine" title="Litoxetine">Litoxetine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lubazodone" title="Lubazodone">Lubazodone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LY-393558" title="LY-393558">LY-393558</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quipazine" title="Quipazine">Quipazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SB-649915" class="mw-redirect" title="SB-649915">SB-649915</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TGBA01AD" title="TGBA01AD">TGBA01AD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trazodone" title="Trazodone">Trazodone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vilazodone" title="Vilazodone">Vilazodone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vortioxetine" title="Vortioxetine">Vortioxetine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors:</i> <a href="/wiki/Atomoxetine" title="Atomoxetine">Atomoxetine (tomoxetine)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicifadine" title="Bicifadine">Bicifadine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CP-39332&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CP-39332 (page does not exist)">CP-39332</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desvenlafaxine" title="Desvenlafaxine">Desvenlafaxine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duloxetine" title="Duloxetine">Duloxetine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eclanamine" title="Eclanamine">Eclanamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levomilnacipran" title="Levomilnacipran">Levomilnacipran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McN5652" title="McN5652">McN5652</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milnacipran" title="Milnacipran">Milnacipran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N-Methyl-PPPA" title="N-Methyl-PPPA">N-Methyl-PPPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PPPA_(drug)" title="PPPA (drug)">PPPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tofenacin" title="Tofenacin">Tofenacin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venlafaxine" title="Venlafaxine">Venlafaxine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitors:</i> <a href="/wiki/3,3-Diphenylcyclobutanamine" title="3,3-Diphenylcyclobutanamine">3,3-Diphenylcyclobutanamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amifitadine" class="mw-redirect" title="Amifitadine">Amifitadine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ansofaxine" class="mw-redirect" title="Ansofaxine">Ansofaxine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicifadine" title="Bicifadine">Bicifadine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brasofensine" title="Brasofensine">Brasofensine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centanafadine" title="Centanafadine">Centanafadine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocaine" title="Cocaine">Cocaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dasotraline" title="Dasotraline">Dasotraline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desmethylsertraline" title="Desmethylsertraline">Desmethylsertraline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desmethylsibutramine" title="Desmethylsibutramine">Desmethylsibutramine (BTS-54354)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diclofensine" title="Diclofensine">Diclofensine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Didesmethylsibutramine" title="Didesmethylsibutramine">Didesmethylsibutramine (BTS-54505)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DOV-102677" class="mw-redirect" title="DOV-102677">DOV-102677</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DOV-216303" class="mw-redirect" title="DOV-216303">DOV-216303</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EXP-561" title="EXP-561">EXP-561</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fezolamine" title="Fezolamine">Fezolamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HDMP-28" title="HDMP-28">HDMP-28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP-505" title="HP-505">HP-505</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indatraline" title="Indatraline">Indatraline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JNJ-7925476" title="JNJ-7925476">JNJ-7925476</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JZ-IV-10" title="JZ-IV-10">JZ-IV-10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lafadofensine" title="Lafadofensine">Lafadofensine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liafensine" title="Liafensine">Liafensine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazindol" title="Mazindol">Mazindol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naphyrone" title="Naphyrone">Naphyrone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nefazodone" title="Nefazodone">Nefazodone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nefopam" title="Nefopam">Nefopam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NS-2359" title="NS-2359">NS-2359</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perafensine" title="Perafensine">Perafensine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PRC200" class="mw-redirect" title="PRC200">PRC200</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pridefine" title="Pridefine">Pridefine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SEP-228431&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SEP-228431 (page does not exist)">SEP-228431</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SEP-228432&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SEP-228432 (page does not exist)">SEP-228432</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibutramine" title="Sibutramine">Sibutramine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tedatioxetine" title="Tedatioxetine">Tedatioxetine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tesofensine" title="Tesofensine">Tesofensine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Threohydrobupropion" title="Threohydrobupropion">Threohydrobupropion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropane" title="Tropane">Tropanes</a> (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Cocaine" title="Cocaine">cocaine</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Tricyclic antidepressants:</i> <a href="/wiki/Amitriptyline" title="Amitriptyline">Amitriptyline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cianopramine" title="Cianopramine">Cianopramine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clomipramine" title="Clomipramine">Clomipramine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyanodothiepin" title="Cyanodothiepin">Cyanodothiepin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desipramine" title="Desipramine">Desipramine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dosulepin" title="Dosulepin">Dosulepin (dothiepin)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doxepin" title="Doxepin">Doxepin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imipramine" title="Imipramine">Imipramine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lofepramine" title="Lofepramine">Lofepramine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nortriptyline" title="Nortriptyline">Nortriptyline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pipofezine" title="Pipofezine">Pipofezine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protriptyline" title="Protriptyline">Protriptyline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Others:</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=A-80426&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="A-80426 (page does not exist)">A-80426</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amoxapine" title="Amoxapine">Amoxapine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antihistamine" title="Antihistamine">Antihistamines</a> (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Brompheniramine" title="Brompheniramine">brompheniramine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chlorphenamine" title="Chlorphenamine">chlorphenamine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dimenhydrinate" title="Dimenhydrinate">dimenhydrinate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diphenhydramine" title="Diphenhydramine">diphenhydramine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mepyramine" title="Mepyramine">mepyramine (pyrilamine)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pheniramine" title="Pheniramine">pheniramine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tripelennamine" title="Tripelennamine">tripelennamine</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antipsychotic" title="Antipsychotic">Antipsychotics</a> (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Loxapine" title="Loxapine">loxapine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ziprasidone" title="Ziprasidone">ziprasidone</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arylcyclohexylamine" title="Arylcyclohexylamine">Arylcyclohexylamines</a> (e.g., <a href="/wiki/3-MeO-PCP" title="3-MeO-PCP">3-MeO-PCP</a>, <a class="mw-selflink selflink">esketamine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ketamine" title="Ketamine">ketamine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Methoxetamine" title="Methoxetamine">methoxetamine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phencyclidine" title="Phencyclidine">phencyclidine</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclobenzaprine" title="Cyclobenzaprine">Cyclobenzaprine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delucemine" title="Delucemine">Delucemine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dextromethorphan" title="Dextromethorphan">Dextromethorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dextrorphan" title="Dextrorphan">Dextrorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efavirenz" title="Efavirenz">Efavirenz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypidone" title="Hypidone">Hypidone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medifoxamine" title="Medifoxamine">Medifoxamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesembrine" title="Mesembrine">Mesembrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mifepristone" title="Mifepristone">Mifepristone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIN-117" title="MIN-117">MIN-117 (WF-516)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N-Methylserotonin" title="N-Methylserotonin">N-Me-5-HT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opioid" title="Opioid">Opioids</a> (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Dextropropoxyphene" title="Dextropropoxyphene">dextropropoxyphene</a>, <a href="/wiki/Methadone" title="Methadone">methadone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pethidine" title="Pethidine">pethidine (meperidine)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Levorphanol" title="Levorphanol">levorphanol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tapentadol" title="Tapentadol">tapentadol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tramadol" title="Tramadol">tramadol</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roxindole" title="Roxindole">Roxindole</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Vesicular_monoamine_transporters" class="mw-redirect" title="Vesicular monoamine transporters"><abbr title="Vesicular monoamine transporters">VMATs</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Vesicular monoamine transporters</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amiodarone" title="Amiodarone">Amiodarone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Substituted_amphetamine" title="Substituted amphetamine">Amphetamines</a> (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Amphetamine" title="Amphetamine">amphetamine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Methamphetamine" title="Methamphetamine">methamphetamine</a>, <a href="/wiki/MDMA" title="MDMA">MDMA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=3-Amino-2-phenylpropene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3-Amino-2-phenylpropene (page does not exist)">APP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=7-Azido-8-iodoketanserin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="7-Azido-8-iodoketanserin (page does not exist)">AZIK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bietaserpine" title="Bietaserpine">Bietaserpine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deserpidine" title="Deserpidine">Deserpidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deutetrabenazine" title="Deutetrabenazine">Deutetrabenazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dihydrotetrabenazine" title="Dihydrotetrabenazine">Dihydrotetrabenazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efavirenz" title="Efavirenz">Efavirenz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GBR-12935" title="GBR-12935">GBR-12935</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=GZ-793A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GZ-793A (page does not exist)">GZ-793A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibogaine" title="Ibogaine">Ibogaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketanserin" title="Ketanserin">Ketanserin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lobeline" title="Lobeline">Lobeline</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Methoxytetrabenazine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Methoxytetrabenazine (page does not exist)">Methoxytetrabenazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reserpine" title="Reserpine">Reserpine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_bengal" title="Rose bengal">Rose bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrabenazine" title="Tetrabenazine">Tetrabenazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valbenazine" title="Valbenazine">Valbenazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanoxerine" title="Vanoxerine">Vanoxerine (GBR-12909)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Unsorted:</i> <a href="/wiki/Cendifensine" title="Cendifensine">Cendifensine</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>DAT enhancers:</i> <a href="/wiki/Luteolin" title="Luteolin">Luteolin</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>DAT modulators:</i> <i>Agonist-like:</i> <a href="/wiki/SoRI-9804" title="SoRI-9804">SoRI-9804</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SoRI-20040&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SoRI-20040 (page does not exist)">SoRI-20040</a>; <i>Antagonist-like:</i> <a href="/wiki/SoRI-20041" title="SoRI-20041">SoRI-20041</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><small><i><b>See also:</b> <a href="/wiki/Template:Receptor_modulators" title="Template:Receptor modulators">Receptor/signaling modulators</a> • <a href="/wiki/Template:Monoamine_releasing_agents" title="Template:Monoamine releasing agents">Monoamine releasing agents</a> • <a href="/wiki/Template:Adrenergics" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Adrenergics">Adrenergics</a> • <a href="/wiki/Template:Dopaminergics" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Dopaminergics">Dopaminergics</a> • <a href="/wiki/Template:Serotonergics" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Serotonergics">Serotonergics</a> • <a href="/wiki/Template:Monoamine_metabolism_modulators" title="Template:Monoamine metabolism modulators">Monoamine metabolism modulators</a> • <a href="/wiki/Template:Monoamine_neurotoxins" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Monoamine neurotoxins">Monoamine neurotoxins</a></i></small></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Nicotinic_acetylcholine_receptor_modulators859" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Nicotinic_acetylcholine_receptor_modulators" title="Template:Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor modulators"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nicotinic_acetylcholine_receptor_modulators" title="Template talk:Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor modulators"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Nicotinic_acetylcholine_receptor_modulators" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor modulators"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Nicotinic_acetylcholine_receptor_modulators859" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Nicotinic_acetylcholine_receptor" title="Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor">Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor</a> <a href="/wiki/Receptor_modulator" title="Receptor modulator">modulators</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Nicotinic_acetylcholine_receptors" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors"><abbr title="Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors">nAChRs</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Receptor_agonist" class="mw-redirect" title="Receptor agonist">Agonists</a><br />(and <a href="/wiki/Positive_allosteric_modulators" class="mw-redirect" title="Positive allosteric modulators"><abbr title="positive allosteric modulators">PAMs</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip positive allosteric modulators</span>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/5-Hydroxyindoleacetic_acid" title="5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid">5-HIAA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6-Chloronicotine" title="6-Chloronicotine">6-Chloronicotine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A-84,543" title="A-84,543">A-84,543</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A-366,833" title="A-366,833">A-366,833</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=A-582,941&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="A-582,941 (page does not exist)">A-582,941</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=A-867,744&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="A-867,744 (page does not exist)">A-867,744</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ABT-202" title="ABT-202">ABT-202</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ABT-418" title="ABT-418">ABT-418</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ABT-560&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ABT-560 (page does not exist)">ABT-560</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ABT-894&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ABT-894 (page does not exist)">ABT-894</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acetylcholine" title="Acetylcholine">Acetylcholine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altinicline" title="Altinicline">Altinicline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anabasine" title="Anabasine">Anabasine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatabine" title="Anatabine">Anatabine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatoxin-a" title="Anatoxin-a">Anatoxin-a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AR-R17779" title="AR-R17779">AR-R17779</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bephenium_hydroxynaphthoate" title="Bephenium hydroxynaphthoate">Bephenium hydroxynaphthoate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butinoline" title="Butinoline">Butinoline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butyrylcholine" title="Butyrylcholine">Butyrylcholine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbachol" title="Carbachol">Carbachol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choline" title="Choline">Choline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choline_m-bromophenyl_ether" title="Choline m-bromophenyl ether">Choline m-bromophenyl ether</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotinine" title="Cotinine">Cotinine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cytisine" title="Cytisine">Cytisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decamethonium" title="Decamethonium">Decamethonium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desformylflustrabromine" title="Desformylflustrabromine">Desformylflustrabromine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dianicline" title="Dianicline">Dianicline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimethylphenylpiperazinium" title="Dimethylphenylpiperazinium">Dimethylphenylpiperazinium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epibatidine" title="Epibatidine">Epibatidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epiboxidine" title="Epiboxidine">Epiboxidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_(drug)" title="Alcohol (drug)">Ethanol (alcohol)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ethoxysebacylcholine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ethoxysebacylcholine (page does not exist)">Ethoxysebacylcholine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EVP-4473&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EVP-4473 (page does not exist)">EVP-4473</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EVP-6124" class="mw-redirect" title="EVP-6124">EVP-6124</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galantamine" title="Galantamine">Galantamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GTS-21" title="GTS-21">GTS-21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ispronicline" title="Ispronicline">Ispronicline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivermectin" title="Ivermectin">Ivermectin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JNJ-39393406" title="JNJ-39393406">JNJ-39393406</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levamisole" title="Levamisole">Levamisole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lobeline" title="Lobeline">Lobeline</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MEM-63,908&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MEM-63,908 (page does not exist)">MEM-63,908 (RG-3487)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morantel" title="Morantel">Morantel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicotine" title="Nicotine">Nicotine</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tobacco" title="Tobacco">tobacco</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NS-1738&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NS-1738 (page does not exist)">NS-1738</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PHA-543,613" title="PHA-543,613">PHA-543,613</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=PHA-709,829&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PHA-709,829 (page does not exist)">PHA-709,829</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PNU-120,596" title="PNU-120,596">PNU-120,596</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PNU-282,987" title="PNU-282,987">PNU-282,987</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pozanicline" title="Pozanicline">Pozanicline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrantel" title="Pyrantel">Pyrantel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivanicline" title="Rivanicline">Rivanicline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RJR-2429" title="RJR-2429">RJR-2429</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sazetidine_A" title="Sazetidine A">Sazetidine A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SB-206553" title="SB-206553">SB-206553</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sebacylcholine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sebacylcholine (page does not exist)">Sebacylcholine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIB-1508Y" class="mw-redirect" title="SIB-1508Y">SIB-1508Y</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIB-1553A" title="SIB-1553A">SIB-1553A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SSR-180,711" title="SSR-180,711">SSR-180,711</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suberyldicholine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suberyldicholine (page does not exist)">Suberyldicholine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suxamethonium" class="mw-redirect" title="Suxamethonium">Suxamethonium (succinylcholine)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suxethonium_chloride" title="Suxethonium chloride">Suxethonium (succinyldicholine)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TC-1698" title="TC-1698">TC-1698</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=TC-1734&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TC-1734 (page does not exist)">TC-1734</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TC-1827" title="TC-1827">TC-1827</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TC-2216" title="TC-2216">TC-2216</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TC-5214" class="mw-redirect" title="TC-5214">TC-5214</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TC-5619" class="mw-redirect" title="TC-5619">TC-5619</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=TC-6683&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TC-6683 (page does not exist)">TC-6683</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tebanicline" title="Tebanicline">Tebanicline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tribendimidine" title="Tribendimidine">Tribendimidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropisetron" title="Tropisetron">Tropisetron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UB-165" title="UB-165">UB-165</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varenicline" title="Varenicline">Varenicline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WAY-317,538" class="mw-redirect" title="WAY-317,538">WAY-317,538</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=XY-4083&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="XY-4083 (page does not exist)">XY-4083</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Receptor_antagonist" title="Receptor antagonist">Antagonists</a><br />(and <a href="/wiki/Negative_allosteric_modulators" class="mw-redirect" title="Negative allosteric modulators"><abbr title="negative allosteric modulators">NAMs</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip negative allosteric modulators</span>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/18-Methylaminocoronaridine" title="18-Methylaminocoronaridine">18-MAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/18-Methoxycoronaridine" title="18-Methoxycoronaridine">18-MC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%91-Neurotoxin" title="Α-Neurotoxin">α-Neurotoxins</a> (e.g., <a href="/wiki/%CE%91-bungarotoxin" class="mw-redirect" title="Α-bungarotoxin">α-bungarotoxin</a>, <a href="/wiki/%CE%91-cobratoxin" class="mw-redirect" title="Α-cobratoxin">α-cobratoxin</a>, <a href="/wiki/%CE%91-conotoxin" class="mw-redirect" title="Α-conotoxin">α-conotoxin</a>, many others)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ABT-126&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ABT-126 (page does not exist)">ABT-126</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcuronium" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcuronium">Alcuronium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allopregnanolone" title="Allopregnanolone">Allopregnanolone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amantadine" title="Amantadine">Amantadine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anatruxonium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anatruxonium (page does not exist)">Anatruxonium</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AQW051&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AQW051 (page does not exist)">AQW051</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atracurium" class="mw-redirect" title="Atracurium">Atracurium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbiturates" class="mw-redirect" title="Barbiturates">Barbiturates</a> (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Pentobarbital" title="Pentobarbital">pentobarbital</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sodium_thiopental" title="Sodium thiopental">sodium thiopental</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/BNC-210" class="mw-redirect" title="BNC-210">BNC-210</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bungarotoxin" title="Bungarotoxin">Bungarotoxins</a> (e.g., <a href="/wiki/%CE%91-bungarotoxin" class="mw-redirect" title="Α-bungarotoxin">α-bungarotoxin</a>, <a href="/wiki/%CE%9A-bungarotoxin" class="mw-redirect" title="Κ-bungarotoxin">κ-bungarotoxin</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bupropion" title="Bupropion">Bupropion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BW284C51" title="BW284C51">BW284C51</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BW-A444" title="BW-A444">BW-A444</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candocuronium_iodide" title="Candocuronium iodide">Candocuronium iodide (chandonium iodide)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlorisondamine" title="Chlorisondamine">Chlorisondamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cisatracurium" class="mw-redirect" title="Cisatracurium">Cisatracurium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coclaurine" title="Coclaurine">Coclaurine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronaridine" title="Coronaridine">Coronaridine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curare" title="Curare">Curare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclopropane" title="Cyclopropane">Cyclopropane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dacuronium_bromide" title="Dacuronium bromide">Dacuronium bromide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decamethonium" title="Decamethonium">Decamethonium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dehydronorketamine" title="Dehydronorketamine">Dehydronorketamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desflurane" title="Desflurane">Desflurane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dextromethorphan" title="Dextromethorphan">Dextromethorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dextropropoxyphene" title="Dextropropoxyphene">Dextropropoxyphene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dextrorphan" title="Dextrorphan">Dextrorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diadonium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diadonium (page does not exist)">Diadonium</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dihydro-beta-erythroidine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dihydro-beta-erythroidine (page does not exist)">DHβE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dihydrochandonium" title="Dihydrochandonium">Dihydrochandonium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimethyltubocurarine" class="mw-redirect" title="Dimethyltubocurarine">Dimethyltubocurarine (metocurine)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dioscorine" title="Dioscorine">Dioscorine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dipyrandium" title="Dipyrandium">Dipyrandium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dizocilpine" title="Dizocilpine">Dizocilpine (MK-801)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doxacurium" class="mw-redirect" title="Doxacurium">Doxacurium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encenicline" title="Encenicline">Encenicline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enflurane" title="Enflurane">Enflurane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erythravine" title="Erythravine">Erythravine</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Esketamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fazadinium" class="mw-redirect" title="Fazadinium">Fazadinium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallamine" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallamine">Gallamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gantacurium_chloride" title="Gantacurium chloride">Gantacurium chloride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halothane" title="Halothane">Halothane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hexafluronium" class="mw-redirect" title="Hexafluronium">Hexafluronium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hexamethonium" title="Hexamethonium">Hexamethonium (benzohexonium)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydroxybupropion" title="Hydroxybupropion">Hydroxybupropion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydroxynorketamine" title="Hydroxynorketamine">Hydroxynorketamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibogaine" title="Ibogaine">Ibogaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isoflurane" title="Isoflurane">Isoflurane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketamine" title="Ketamine">Ketamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kynurenic_acid" title="Kynurenic acid">Kynurenic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laudanosine" title="Laudanosine">Laudanosine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laudexium" class="mw-redirect" title="Laudexium">Laudexium (laudolissin)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levacetylmethadol" title="Levacetylmethadol">Levacetylmethadol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levomethadone" title="Levomethadone">Levomethadone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malouetine" title="Malouetine">Malouetine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2-Methoxyethyl-18-methoxycoronaridinate" title="2-Methoxyethyl-18-methoxycoronaridinate">ME-18-MC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mecamylamine" title="Mecamylamine">Mecamylamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memantine" title="Memantine">Memantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methadone" title="Methadone">Methadone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methorphan" title="Methorphan">Methorphan (racemethorphan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methyllycaconitine" title="Methyllycaconitine">Methyllycaconitine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metocurine" title="Metocurine">Metocurine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mivacurium" class="mw-redirect" title="Mivacurium">Mivacurium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morphanol" class="mw-redirect" title="Morphanol">Morphanol (racemorphan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neramexane" title="Neramexane">Neramexane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nitrous_oxide" title="Nitrous oxide">Nitrous oxide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norketamine" title="Norketamine">Norketamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pancuronium_bromide" title="Pancuronium bromide">Pancuronium bromide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pempidine" title="Pempidine">Pempidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentamine" title="Pentamine">Pentamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentolinium" title="Pentolinium">Pentolinium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phencyclidine" title="Phencyclidine">Phencyclidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pipecuronium_bromide" title="Pipecuronium bromide">Pipecuronium bromide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progesterone" title="Progesterone">Progesterone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Promegestone" title="Promegestone">Promegestone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radafaxine" title="Radafaxine">Radafaxine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapacuronium_bromide" title="Rapacuronium bromide">Rapacuronium bromide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reboxetine" title="Reboxetine">Reboxetine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocuronium_bromide" title="Rocuronium bromide">Rocuronium bromide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevoflurane" title="Sevoflurane">Sevoflurane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stercuronium_iodide" title="Stercuronium iodide">Stercuronium iodide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surugatoxin" title="Surugatoxin">Surugatoxin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiocolchicoside" title="Thiocolchicoside">Thiocolchicoside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Threohydrobupropion" title="Threohydrobupropion">Threohydrobupropion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toxiferine" title="Toxiferine">Toxiferine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tramadol" title="Tramadol">Tramadol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trimetaphan_camsilate" title="Trimetaphan camsilate">Trimetaphan camsilate (trimethaphan camsylate)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropeinium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tropeinium (page does not exist)">Tropeinium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tubocurarine" class="mw-redirect" title="Tubocurarine">Tubocurarine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanoxerine" title="Vanoxerine">Vanoxerine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vecuronium_bromide" title="Vecuronium bromide">Vecuronium bromide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenon" title="Xenon">Xenon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Precursor_(chemistry)" title="Precursor (chemistry)">Precursors</a><br /><small>(and <a href="/wiki/Prodrug" title="Prodrug">prodrugs</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acetyl-coA" class="mw-redirect" title="Acetyl-coA">Acetyl-coA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adafenoxate" title="Adafenoxate">Adafenoxate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choline" title="Choline">Choline</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lecithin" title="Lecithin">lecithin</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citicoline" title="Citicoline">Citicoline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprodenate" title="Cyprodenate">Cyprodenate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimethylethanolamine" title="Dimethylethanolamine">Dimethylethanolamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glycerophosphocholine" class="mw-redirect" title="Glycerophosphocholine">Glycerophosphocholine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meclofenoxate" title="Meclofenoxate">Meclofenoxate (centrophenoxine)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosphatidylcholine" title="Phosphatidylcholine">Phosphatidylcholine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosphatidylethanolamine" title="Phosphatidylethanolamine">Phosphatidylethanolamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosphorylcholine" title="Phosphorylcholine">Phosphorylcholine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirisudanol" title="Pirisudanol">Pirisudanol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt>See also</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Receptor_modulators" title="Template:Receptor modulators">Receptor/signaling modulators</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Muscarinic_acetylcholine_receptor_modulators" title="Template:Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor modulators">Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor modulators</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Acetylcholine_metabolism_and_transport_modulators" title="Template:Acetylcholine metabolism and transport modulators">Acetylcholine metabolism/transport modulators</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Opioid_receptor_modulators225" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Opioid_receptor_modulators" title="Template:Opioid receptor modulators"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Opioid_receptor_modulators" title="Template talk:Opioid receptor modulators"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Opioid_receptor_modulators" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Opioid receptor modulators"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Opioid_receptor_modulators225" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Opioid_receptor" title="Opioid receptor">Opioid receptor</a> <a href="/wiki/Receptor_modulator" title="Receptor modulator">modulators</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%CE%9C-opioid_receptor" title="Μ-opioid receptor">μ-opioid</a><br />(MOR)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Agonists(abridged;full_list)67" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Agonists<br />(abridged;<br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_opioids" title="List of opioids">full list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3-HO-PCP" title="3-HO-PCP">3-HO-PCP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=7-Acetoxymitragynine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="7-Acetoxymitragynine (page does not exist)">7-Acetoxymitragynine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7-Hydroxymitragynine" title="7-Hydroxymitragynine">7-Hydroxymitragynine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%A8-Akuammigine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ψ-Akuammigine (page does not exist)">ψ-Akuammigine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlornaltrexamine" class="mw-redirect" title="Chlornaltrexamine">α-Chlornaltrexamine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alpha-Narcotine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alpha-Narcotine (page does not exist)">α-Narcotine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acetyldihydrocodeine" title="Acetyldihydrocodeine">Acetyldihydrocodeine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acetylfentanyl" title="Acetylfentanyl">Acetylfentanyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acrylfentanyl" title="Acrylfentanyl">Acrylfentanyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrenorphin" title="Adrenorphin">Adrenorphin (metorphamide)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AH-7921" title="AH-7921">AH-7921</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akuammicine" title="Akuammicine">Akuammicine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akuammidine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akuammidine (page does not exist)">Akuammidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfentanil" title="Alfentanil">Alfentanil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anileridine" title="Anileridine">Anileridine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apparicine" title="Apparicine">Apparicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beta-Endorphin" class="mw-redirect" title="Beta-Endorphin">β-Endorphin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bovine_adrenal_medullary_peptide-12P&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bovine adrenal medullary peptide-12P (page does not exist)">BAM-12P</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bovine_adrenal_medullary_peptide-18P&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bovine adrenal medullary peptide-18P (page does not exist)">BAM-18P</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bovine_adrenal_medullary_peptide-22P&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bovine adrenal medullary peptide-22P (page does not exist)">BAM-22P</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benzhydrocodone" title="Benzhydrocodone">Benzhydrocodone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benzylmorphine" title="Benzylmorphine">Benzylmorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bezitramide" title="Bezitramide">Bezitramide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biphalin" title="Biphalin">Biphalin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BU08070&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BU08070 (page does not exist)">BU08070</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buprenorphine" title="Buprenorphine">Buprenorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butorphan" class="mw-redirect" title="Butorphan">Butorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butorphanol" title="Butorphanol">Butorphanol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butyrfentanyl" title="Butyrfentanyl">Butyrfentanyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BW373U86" title="BW373U86">BW373U86</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carfentanil" title="Carfentanil">Carfentanil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casokefamide" title="Casokefamide">Casokefamide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cebranopadol" title="Cebranopadol">Cebranopadol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chloroxymorphamine" title="Chloroxymorphamine">Chloroxymorphamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Codeine" title="Codeine">Codeine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DADLE" title="DADLE">DADLE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DAMGO" title="DAMGO">DAMGO (DAGO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dermorphin" title="Dermorphin">Dermorphin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desmetramadol" title="Desmetramadol">Desmetramadol</a> (desmethyltramadol)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desomorphine" title="Desomorphine">Desomorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deumitragynine" class="mw-redirect" title="Deumitragynine">Deumitragynine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dextromoramide" title="Dextromoramide">Dextromoramide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dextropropoxyphene" title="Dextropropoxyphene">Dextropropoxyphene</a> (propoxyphene)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dezocine" title="Dezocine">Dezocine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimenoxadol" title="Dimenoxadol">Dimenoxadol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimethylaminopivalophenone" title="Dimethylaminopivalophenone">Dimethylaminopivalophenone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eluxadoline" title="Eluxadoline">Eluxadoline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heroin" title="Heroin">Diamorphine</a> (heroin)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dihydrocodeine" title="Dihydrocodeine">Dihydrocodeine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dihydroetorphine" title="Dihydroetorphine">Dihydroetorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dihydromorphine" title="Dihydromorphine">Dihydromorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinalbuphine_sebacate" title="Dinalbuphine sebacate">Dinalbuphine sebacate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diphenoxylate" title="Diphenoxylate">Diphenoxylate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dipipanone" title="Dipipanone">Dipipanone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynorphin_A" title="Dynorphin A">Dynorphin A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embutramide" title="Embutramide">Embutramide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endomorphin-1" title="Endomorphin-1">Endomorphin-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endomorphin-2" title="Endomorphin-2">Endomorphin-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eseroline" title="Eseroline">Eseroline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethylmorphine" title="Ethylmorphine">Ethylmorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etorphine" title="Etorphine">Etorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fentanyl" title="Fentanyl">Fentanyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluorophen" title="Fluorophen">Fluorophen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frakefamide" title="Frakefamide">Frakefamide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Furanylfentanyl" title="Furanylfentanyl">Furanylfentanyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemorphin-4" title="Hemorphin-4">Hemorphin-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herkinorin" title="Herkinorin">Herkinorin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hodgkinsine" title="Hodgkinsine">Hodgkinsine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrocodone" title="Hydrocodone">Hydrocodone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydromorphinol" title="Hydromorphinol">Hydromorphinol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydromorphone" title="Hydromorphone">Hydromorphone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBNtxA" title="IBNtxA">IBNtxA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketamine" title="Ketamine">Ketamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketobemidone" title="Ketobemidone">Ketobemidone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitragyna_speciosa" title="Mitragyna speciosa">Kratom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laudanosine" title="Laudanosine">Laudanosine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lefetamine" title="Lefetamine">Lefetamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leu-enkephalin" title="Leu-enkephalin">Leu-enkephalin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levacetylmethadol" title="Levacetylmethadol">Levacetylmethadol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levomethorphan" title="Levomethorphan">Levomethorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levorphanol" title="Levorphanol">Levorphanol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lexanopadol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lexanopadol (page does not exist)">Lexanopadol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loperamide" title="Loperamide">Loperamide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loxicodegol" class="mw-redirect" title="Loxicodegol">Loxicodegol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LS-115509" title="LS-115509">LS-115509</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matrine" title="Matrine">Matrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meptazinol" title="Meptazinol">Meptazinol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Met-enkephalin" title="Met-enkephalin">Met-enkephalin</a> (metenkefalin)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methadone" title="Methadone">Methadone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metkefamide" title="Metkefamide">Metkefamide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metopon" title="Metopon">Metopon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitragynine" title="Mitragynine">Mitragynine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitragynine_pseudoindoxyl" title="Mitragynine pseudoindoxyl">Mitragynine pseudoindoxyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morphiceptin" title="Morphiceptin">Morphiceptin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morphine" title="Morphine">Morphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nalbuphine" title="Nalbuphine">Nalbuphine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naloxone_benzoylhydrazone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naloxone benzoylhydrazone (page does not exist)">Naloxone benzoylhydrazone</a> (NalBzOH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nalmexone" title="Nalmexone">Nalmexone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naltalimide" title="Naltalimide">Naltalimide</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neopine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neopine (page does not exist)">Neopine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NFEPP" title="NFEPP">NFEPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicocodeine" title="Nicocodeine">Nicocodeine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicodicodine" title="Nicodicodine">Nicodicodine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicomorphine" title="Nicomorphine">Nicomorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norketamine" title="Norketamine">Norketamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nufenoxole" title="Nufenoxole">Nufenoxole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octreotide" title="Octreotide">Octreotide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliceridine" title="Oliceridine">Oliceridine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxycodegol" title="Oxycodegol">Oxycodegol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxymorphone-3-methoxynaltrexonazine" title="Oxymorphone-3-methoxynaltrexonazine">Oxymorphone-3-methoxynaltrexonazine</a> (OM-3-MNZ)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oripavine" title="Oripavine">Oripavine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxycodone" title="Oxycodone">Oxycodone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxymorphazone" title="Oxymorphazone">Oxymorphazone</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxymorphonazine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxymorphonazine (page does not exist)">Oxymorphonazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxymorphone" title="Oxymorphone">Oxymorphone</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxymorphone_phenylhydrazone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxymorphone phenylhydrazone (page does not exist)">Oxymorphone phenylhydrazone</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxymorphone_p-nitrophenylhydrazone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxymorphone p-nitrophenylhydrazone (page does not exist)">OxyPNPH</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Papaver_somniferum" title="Papaver somniferum">Papaver somniferum</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Opium" title="Opium">opium</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentazocine" title="Pentazocine">Pentazocine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pericine" title="Pericine">Pericine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pethidine" title="Pethidine">Pethidine (meperidine)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phenazocine" title="Phenazocine">Phenazocine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phencyclidine" title="Phencyclidine">Phencyclidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piminodine" title="Piminodine">Piminodine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piritramide" title="Piritramide">Piritramide</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=PL-017&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PL-017 (page does not exist)">PL-017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prodine" title="Prodine">Prodine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propiram" title="Propiram">Propiram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PZM21" title="PZM21">PZM21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methorphan" title="Methorphan">Racemethorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racemorphan" title="Racemorphan">Racemorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remifentanil" title="Remifentanil">Remifentanil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salsolinol" title="Salsolinol">Salsolinol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SC-17599" title="SC-17599">SC-17599</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinomenine" title="Sinomenine">Sinomenine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sufentanil" title="Sufentanil">Sufentanil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapentadol" title="Tapentadol">Tapentadol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrahydropapaveroline" title="Tetrahydropapaveroline">Tetrahydropapaveroline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TH-030418" title="TH-030418">TH-030418</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thebaine" title="Thebaine">Thebaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thienorphine" title="Thienorphine">Thienorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianeptine" title="Tianeptine">Tianeptine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilidine" title="Tilidine">Tilidine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tramadol" title="Tramadol">Tramadol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trimebutine" title="Trimebutine">Trimebutine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TRIMU_5" title="TRIMU 5">TRIMU 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TRV734" title="TRV734">TRV734</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tubotaiwine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tubotaiwine (page does not exist)">Tubotaiwine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U-47700" title="U-47700">U-47700</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valorphin" title="Valorphin">Valorphin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viminol" title="Viminol">Viminol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xorphanol" title="Xorphanol">Xorphanol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Antagonists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Picenadol" title="Picenadol">(3S,4S)-Picenadol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viminol" title="Viminol">2-(S)-N,N-(R)-Viminol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=3CS-nalmefene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3CS-nalmefene (page does not exist)">3CS-nalmefene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4-Caffeoyl-1,5-quinide" title="4-Caffeoyl-1,5-quinide">4-Caffeoyl-1,5-quinide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4%E2%80%B2-Hydroxyflavanone" class="mw-redirect" title="4′-Hydroxyflavanone">4′-Hydroxyflavanone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4%27,7-Dihydroxyflavone" title="4',7-Dihydroxyflavone">4',7-Dihydroxyflavone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6%CE%B2-Naltrexol" title="6β-Naltrexol">6β-Naltrexol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6%CE%B2-Naltrexol-d4" title="6β-Naltrexol-d4">6β-Naltrexol-d4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/18-Methoxycoronaridine" title="18-Methoxycoronaridine">18-MC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha-Gliadin" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpha-Gliadin">α-Gliadin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlornaltrexamine" class="mw-redirect" title="Chlornaltrexamine">β-Chlornaltrexamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beta-Funaltrexamine" class="mw-redirect" title="Beta-Funaltrexamine">β-Funaltrexamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akuammine" title="Akuammine">Akuammine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alvimopan" title="Alvimopan">Alvimopan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-251_(drug)" title="AM-251 (drug)">AM-251</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apigenin" title="Apigenin">Apigenin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AT-076" title="AT-076">AT-076</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axelopran" title="Axelopran">Axelopran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bevenopran" title="Bevenopran">Bevenopran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catechin" title="Catechin">Catechin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epicatechin_gallate" title="Epicatechin gallate">Catechin gallate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clocinnamox" title="Clocinnamox">Clocinnamox</a></li> <li>CTAP</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CTOP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CTOP (page does not exist)">CTOP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyclofoxy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cyclofoxy (page does not exist)">Cyclofoxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprodime" title="Cyprodime">Cyprodime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diacetylnalorphine" title="Diacetylnalorphine">Diacetylnalorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diprenorphine" title="Diprenorphine">Diprenorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epicatechin_gallate" title="Epicatechin gallate">ECG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallocatechol" title="Gallocatechol">EGC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epicatechin" class="mw-redirect" title="Epicatechin">Epicatechin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eptazocine" title="Eptazocine">Eptazocine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemazocine" title="Gemazocine">Gemazocine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ginsenoside_R&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ginsenoside R (page does not exist)">Ginsenoside R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperoside" title="Hyperoside">Hyperoside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibogaine" title="Ibogaine">Ibogaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JDTic" title="JDTic">JDTic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levallorphan" title="Levallorphan">Levallorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lobeline" title="Lobeline">Lobeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LY-255582" title="LY-255582">LY-255582</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LY-2196044" class="mw-redirect" title="LY-2196044">LY-2196044</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methocinnamox" title="Methocinnamox">Methocinnamox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methylnaltrexone" title="Methylnaltrexone">Methylnaltrexone</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Methylsamidorphan_chloride&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Methylsamidorphan chloride (page does not exist)">Methylsamidorphan chloride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naldemedine" title="Naldemedine">Naldemedine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nalmefene" title="Nalmefene">Nalmefene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nalodeine" title="Nalodeine">Nalodeine (N-allylnorcodeine)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nalorphine" title="Nalorphine">Nalorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nalorphine_dinicotinate" title="Nalorphine dinicotinate">Nalorphine dinicotinate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naloxazone" title="Naloxazone">Naloxazone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naloxegol" title="Naloxegol">Naloxegol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naloxol" title="Naloxol">Naloxol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naloxonazine" title="Naloxonazine">Naloxonazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naloxone" title="Naloxone">Naloxone</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naltrexazone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naltrexazone (page does not exist)">Naltrexazone</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naltrexonazine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naltrexonazine (page does not exist)">Naltrexonazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naltrexone" title="Naltrexone">Naltrexone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naltrindole" title="Naltrindole">Naltrindole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naringenin" title="Naringenin">Naringenin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noribogaine" title="Noribogaine">Noribogaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxilorphan" title="Oxilorphan">Oxilorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pawhuskin_A" title="Pawhuskin A">Pawhuskin A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rimonabant" title="Rimonabant">Rimonabant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadazocine" title="Quadazocine">Quadazocine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samidorphan" title="Samidorphan">Samidorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxifolin" title="Taxifolin">Taxifolin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%CE%94-opioid_receptor" title="Δ-opioid receptor">δ-opioid</a><br />(DOR)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Agonists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=3CS-nalmefene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3CS-nalmefene (page does not exist)">3CS-nalmefene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6%27-Guanidinonaltrindole" title="6'-Guanidinonaltrindole">6'-GNTI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7-Spiroindanyloxymorphone" title="7-Spiroindanyloxymorphone">7-SIOM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ADL-5747" title="ADL-5747">ADL-5747 (PF-04856881)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ADL-5859" title="ADL-5859">ADL-5859</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alazocine" title="Alazocine">Alazocine (SKF-10047)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amoxapine" title="Amoxapine">Amoxapine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARM390" title="ARM390">AR-M100390 (ARM390)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AZD2327" class="mw-redirect" title="AZD2327">AZD2327</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beta-Endorphin" class="mw-redirect" title="Beta-Endorphin">β-Endorphin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bovine_adrenal_medullary_peptide-18P&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bovine adrenal medullary peptide-18P (page does not exist)">BAM-18P</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biphalin" title="Biphalin">Biphalin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BU-48" title="BU-48">BU-48</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butorphan" class="mw-redirect" title="Butorphan">Butorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butorphanol" title="Butorphanol">Butorphanol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BW373U86" title="BW373U86">BW373U86</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casokefamide" title="Casokefamide">Casokefamide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cebranopadol" title="Cebranopadol">Cebranopadol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Codeine" title="Codeine">Codeine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclazocine" title="Cyclazocine">Cyclazocine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DADLE" title="DADLE">DADLE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deltorphin" title="Deltorphin">Deltorphin A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deltorphin_I" title="Deltorphin I">Deltorphin I</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deltorphin_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deltorphin II (page does not exist)">Deltorphin II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desmethylclozapine" title="Desmethylclozapine">Desmethylclozapine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desmetramadol" title="Desmetramadol">Desmetramadol (desmethyltramadol)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dezocine" title="Dezocine">Dezocine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heroin" title="Heroin">Diamorphine (heroin)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dihydroetorphine" title="Dihydroetorphine">Dihydroetorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dihydromorphine" title="Dihydromorphine">Dihydromorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DPDPE" title="DPDPE">DPDPE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DPI-221" title="DPI-221">DPI-221</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DPI-3290" title="DPI-3290">DPI-3290</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=(D-Ser2,_Leu5,_Thr6)-Enkephalin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="(D-Ser2, Leu5, Thr6)-Enkephalin (page does not exist)">DSLET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethylketazocine" title="Ethylketazocine">Ethylketazocine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etorphine" title="Etorphine">Etorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fentanyl" title="Fentanyl">Fentanyl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fentanyl_isothiocyanate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fentanyl isothiocyanate (page does not exist)">FIT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluorophen" title="Fluorophen">Fluorophen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemorphin-4" title="Hemorphin-4">Hemorphin-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrocodone" title="Hydrocodone">Hydrocodone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydromorphone" title="Hydromorphone">Hydromorphone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibogaine" title="Ibogaine">Ibogaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isomethadone" title="Isomethadone">Isomethadone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JNJ-20788560" title="JNJ-20788560">JNJ-20788560</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KNT-127" title="KNT-127">KNT-127</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitragyna_speciosa" title="Mitragyna speciosa">Kratom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laudanosine" title="Laudanosine">Laudanosine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leu-enkephalin" title="Leu-enkephalin">Leu-enkephalin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levomethorphan" title="Levomethorphan">Levomethorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levorphanol" title="Levorphanol">Levorphanol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lexanopadol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lexanopadol (page does not exist)">Lexanopadol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lofentanil" title="Lofentanil">Lofentanil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Met-enkephalin" title="Met-enkephalin">Met-enkephalin (metenkefalin)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metazocine" title="Metazocine">Metazocine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metkefamide" title="Metkefamide">Metkefamide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitragynine" title="Mitragynine">Mitragynine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitragynine_pseudoindoxyl" title="Mitragynine pseudoindoxyl">Mitragynine pseudoindoxyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morphine" title="Morphine">Morphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N-Phenethyl-14-ethoxymetopon" title="N-Phenethyl-14-ethoxymetopon">N-Phenethyl-14-ethoxymetopon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbuprenorphine" title="Norbuprenorphine">Norbuprenorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naloxone_benzoylhydrazone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naloxone benzoylhydrazone (page does not exist)">NalBzOH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oripavine" title="Oripavine">Oripavine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxycodone" title="Oxycodone">Oxycodone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxymorphone" title="Oxymorphone">Oxymorphone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pethidine" title="Pethidine">Pethidine (meperidine)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proglumide" title="Proglumide">Proglumide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methorphan" title="Methorphan">Racemethorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racemorphan" title="Racemorphan">Racemorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RWJ-394674" title="RWJ-394674">RWJ-394674</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samidorphan" title="Samidorphan">Samidorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SB-235863&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SB-235863 (page does not exist)">SB-235863</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SNC-80" title="SNC-80">SNC-80</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SNC-162&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SNC-162 (page does not exist)">SNC-162</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TAN-67" title="TAN-67">TAN-67 (SB-205,607)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TH-030418" title="TH-030418">TH-030418</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thebaine" title="Thebaine">Thebaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C-8813" title="C-8813">Thiobromadol (C-8813)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonazocine" title="Tonazocine">Tonazocine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tramadol" title="Tramadol">Tramadol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=TRV250&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TRV250 (page does not exist)">TRV250</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xorphanol" title="Xorphanol">Xorphanol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenazocine" title="Zenazocine">Zenazocine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Antagonists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/4%27,7-Dihydroxyflavone" title="4',7-Dihydroxyflavone">4',7-Dihydroxyflavone</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naltrindole-5%27-isothiocyanate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naltrindole-5'-isothiocyanate (page does not exist)">5'-NTII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6%CE%B2-Naltrexol" title="6β-Naltrexol">6β-Naltrexol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6%CE%B2-Naltrexol-d4" title="6β-Naltrexol-d4">6β-Naltrexol-d4</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alpha-Santolol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alpha-Santolol (page does not exist)">α-Santolol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlornaltrexamine" class="mw-redirect" title="Chlornaltrexamine">β-Chlornaltrexamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apigenin" title="Apigenin">Apigenin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AT-076" title="AT-076">AT-076</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axelopran" title="Axelopran">Axelopran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bevenopran" title="Bevenopran">Bevenopran</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=7-Benzylidenenaltrexone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="7-Benzylidenenaltrexone (page does not exist)">BNTX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catechin" title="Catechin">Catechin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epicatechin_gallate" title="Epicatechin gallate">Catechin gallate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clocinnamox" title="Clocinnamox">Clocinnamox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diacetylnalorphine" title="Diacetylnalorphine">Diacetylnalorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diprenorphine" title="Diprenorphine">Diprenorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epicatechin_gallate" title="Epicatechin gallate">ECG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallocatechol" title="Gallocatechol">EGC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eluxadoline" title="Eluxadoline">Eluxadoline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epicatechin" class="mw-redirect" title="Epicatechin">Epicatechin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ICI-154129&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ICI-154129 (page does not exist)">ICI-154129</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ICI-174864&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ICI-174864 (page does not exist)">ICI-174864</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LY-255582" title="LY-255582">LY-255582</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LY-2196044" class="mw-redirect" title="LY-2196044">LY-2196044</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methylnaltrexone" title="Methylnaltrexone">Methylnaltrexone</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Methylnaltrindole&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Methylnaltrindole (page does not exist)">Methylnaltrindole</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-Benzylnaltrindole&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N-Benzylnaltrindole (page does not exist)">N-Benzylnaltrindole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nalmefene" title="Nalmefene">Nalmefene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nalorphine" title="Nalorphine">Nalorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naltrexone" title="Naltrexone">Naltrexone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naltriben" title="Naltriben">Naltriben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naltrindole" title="Naltrindole">Naltrindole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naloxone" title="Naloxone">Naloxone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naringenin" title="Naringenin">Naringenin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noribogaine" title="Noribogaine">Noribogaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pawhuskin_A" title="Pawhuskin A">Pawhuskin A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadazocine" title="Quadazocine">Quadazocine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SDM25N&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SDM25N (page does not exist)">SDM25N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SoRI-9409" title="SoRI-9409">SoRI-9409</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxifolin" title="Taxifolin">Taxifolin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thienorphine" title="Thienorphine">Thienorphine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%CE%9A-opioid_receptor" title="Κ-opioid receptor">κ-opioid</a><br />(KOR)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Agonists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=3CS-nalmefene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3CS-nalmefene (page does not exist)">3CS-nalmefene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6%27-Guanidinonaltrindole" title="6'-Guanidinonaltrindole">6'-GNTI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8-Carboxamidocyclazocine" title="8-Carboxamidocyclazocine">8-CAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/18-Methoxycoronaridine" title="18-Methoxycoronaridine">18-MC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/14-Methoxymetopon" title="14-Methoxymetopon">14-Methoxymetopon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlornaltrexamine" class="mw-redirect" title="Chlornaltrexamine">β-Chlornaltrexamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beta-Funaltrexamine" class="mw-redirect" title="Beta-Funaltrexamine">β-Funaltrexamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrenorphin" title="Adrenorphin">Adrenorphin (metorphamide)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akuammicine" title="Akuammicine">Akuammicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alazocine" title="Alazocine">Alazocine (SKF-10047)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allomatrine" class="mw-redirect" title="Allomatrine">Allomatrine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apadoline&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apadoline (page does not exist)">Apadoline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asimadoline" title="Asimadoline">Asimadoline</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bovine_adrenal_medullary_peptide-12P&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bovine adrenal medullary peptide-12P (page does not exist)">BAM-12P</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bovine_adrenal_medullary_peptide-18P&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bovine adrenal medullary peptide-18P (page does not exist)">BAM-18P</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bovine_adrenal_medullary_peptide-22P&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bovine adrenal medullary peptide-22P (page does not exist)">BAM-22P</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_dynorphin" title="Big dynorphin">Big dynorphin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bremazocine" title="Bremazocine">Bremazocine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BRL-52537" title="BRL-52537">BRL-52537</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butorphan" class="mw-redirect" title="Butorphan">Butorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butorphanol" title="Butorphanol">Butorphanol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BW373U86" title="BW373U86">BW373U86</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cebranopadol" title="Cebranopadol">Cebranopadol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciprefadol" title="Ciprefadol">Ciprefadol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CR665" title="CR665">CR665</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclazocine" title="Cyclazocine">Cyclazocine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclorphan" title="Cyclorphan">Cyclorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprenorphine" title="Cyprenorphine">Cyprenorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desmetramadol" title="Desmetramadol">Desmetramadol (desmethyltramadol)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heroin" title="Heroin">Diamorphine (heroin)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diacetylnalorphine" title="Diacetylnalorphine">Diacetylnalorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Difelikefalin" title="Difelikefalin">Difelikefalin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dihydroetorphine" title="Dihydroetorphine">Dihydroetorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dihydromorphine" title="Dihydromorphine">Dihydromorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinalbuphine_sebacate" title="Dinalbuphine sebacate">Dinalbuphine sebacate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diprenorphine" title="Diprenorphine">Diprenorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynorphin_A" title="Dynorphin A">Dynorphin A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynorphin_B" title="Dynorphin B">Dynorphin B (rimorphin)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eluxadoline" title="Eluxadoline">Eluxadoline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enadoline" title="Enadoline">Enadoline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eptazocine" title="Eptazocine">Eptazocine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Erinacine_E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Erinacine E (page does not exist)">Erinacine E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethylketazocine" title="Ethylketazocine">Ethylketazocine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etorphine" title="Etorphine">Etorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fedotozine" title="Fedotozine">Fedotozine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fentanyl" title="Fentanyl">Fentanyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemazocine" title="Gemazocine">Gemazocine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GR-89696" title="GR-89696">GR-89696</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=GR-103545&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GR-103545 (page does not exist)">GR-103545</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemorphin-4" title="Hemorphin-4">Hemorphin-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herkinorin" title="Herkinorin">Herkinorin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HS665" title="HS665">HS665</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydromorphone" title="Hydromorphone">Hydromorphone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HZ-2" title="HZ-2">HZ-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibogaine" title="Ibogaine">Ibogaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICI-199,441" title="ICI-199,441">ICI-199,441</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICI-204,448" title="ICI-204,448">ICI-204,448</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketamine" title="Ketamine">Ketamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketazocine" title="Ketazocine">Ketazocine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laudanosine" title="Laudanosine">Laudanosine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leumorphin" title="Leumorphin">Leumorphin (dynorphin B-29)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levallorphan" title="Levallorphan">Levallorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levomethorphan" title="Levomethorphan">Levomethorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levorphanol" title="Levorphanol">Levorphanol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lexanopadol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lexanopadol (page does not exist)">Lexanopadol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lofentanil" title="Lofentanil">Lofentanil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LPK-26" title="LPK-26">LPK-26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lufuradom" title="Lufuradom">Lufuradom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matrine" title="Matrine">Matrine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MB-1C-OH&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MB-1C-OH (page does not exist)">MB-1C-OH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menthol" title="Menthol">Menthol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metazocine" title="Metazocine">Metazocine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metkefamide" title="Metkefamide">Metkefamide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mianserin" title="Mianserin">Mianserin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirtazapine" title="Mirtazapine">Mirtazapine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morphine" title="Morphine">Morphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moxazocine" title="Moxazocine">Moxazocine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MR-2034&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MR-2034 (page does not exist)">MR-2034</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-MPPP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N-MPPP (page does not exist)">N-MPPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nalbuphine" title="Nalbuphine">Nalbuphine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naloxone_benzoylhydrazone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naloxone benzoylhydrazone (page does not exist)">NalBzOH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nalfurafine" title="Nalfurafine">Nalfurafine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nalmefene" title="Nalmefene">Nalmefene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nalodeine" title="Nalodeine">Nalodeine (N-allylnorcodeine)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nalorphine" title="Nalorphine">Nalorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naltriben" title="Naltriben">Naltriben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niravoline" title="Niravoline">Niravoline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbuprenorphine" title="Norbuprenorphine">Norbuprenorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbuprenorphine-3-glucuronide" title="Norbuprenorphine-3-glucuronide">Norbuprenorphine-3-glucuronide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noribogaine" title="Noribogaine">Noribogaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norketamine" title="Norketamine">Norketamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oripavine" title="Oripavine">Oripavine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxilorphan" title="Oxilorphan">Oxilorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxycodone" title="Oxycodone">Oxycodone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentazocine" title="Pentazocine">Pentazocine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pethidine" title="Pethidine">Pethidine (meperidine)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phenazocine" title="Phenazocine">Phenazocine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proxorphan" title="Proxorphan">Proxorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methorphan" title="Methorphan">Racemethorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racemorphan" title="Racemorphan">Racemorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RB-64" title="RB-64">RB-64</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvinorin_A" title="Salvinorin A">Salvinorin A</a> (<a href="/wiki/Salvia_divinorum" title="Salvia divinorum">salvia</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvinorin_B_ethoxymethyl_ether" class="mw-redirect" title="Salvinorin B ethoxymethyl ether">Salvinorin B ethoxymethyl ether</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvinorin_B_methoxymethyl_ether" title="Salvinorin B methoxymethyl ether">Salvinorin B methoxymethyl ether</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samidorphan" title="Samidorphan">Samidorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiradoline" title="Spiradoline">Spiradoline</a> (U-62066)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/TH-030418" title="TH-030418">TH-030418</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thienorphine" title="Thienorphine">Thienorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tifluadom" title="Tifluadom">Tifluadom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricyclic_antidepressant" title="Tricyclic antidepressant">Tricyclic antidepressants</a> (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Amitriptyline" title="Amitriptyline">amitriptyline</a>, <a href="/wiki/Desipramine" title="Desipramine">desipramine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Imipramine" title="Imipramine">imipramine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nortriptyline" title="Nortriptyline">nortriptyline</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/U-50488" title="U-50488">U-50488</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=U-54494A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="U-54494A (page does not exist)">U-54494A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U-69593" class="mw-redirect" title="U-69593">U-69593</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xorphanol" title="Xorphanol">Xorphanol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Antagonists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/4%E2%80%B2-Hydroxyflavanone" class="mw-redirect" title="4′-Hydroxyflavanone">4′-Hydroxyflavanone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4%27,7-Dihydroxyflavone" title="4',7-Dihydroxyflavone">4',7-Dihydroxyflavone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5%27-Guanidinonaltrindole" title="5'-Guanidinonaltrindole">5'-GNTI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6%27-Guanidinonaltrindole" title="6'-Guanidinonaltrindole">6'-GNTI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6%CE%B2-Naltrexol" title="6β-Naltrexol">6β-Naltrexol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6%CE%B2-Naltrexol-d4" title="6β-Naltrexol-d4">6β-Naltrexol-d4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlornaltrexamine" class="mw-redirect" title="Chlornaltrexamine">β-Chlornaltrexamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buprenorphine/samidorphan" title="Buprenorphine/samidorphan">Buprenorphine/samidorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amentoflavone" title="Amentoflavone">Amentoflavone</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=5%27-Acetamidinoethylnaltrindole&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="5'-Acetamidinoethylnaltrindole (page does not exist)">ANTI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apigenin" title="Apigenin">Apigenin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arodyne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arodyne (page does not exist)">Arodyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AT-076" title="AT-076">AT-076</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aticaprant" title="Aticaprant">Aticaprant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axelopran" title="Axelopran">Axelopran</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AZ-MTAB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AZ-MTAB (page does not exist)">AZ-MTAB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binaltorphimine" title="Binaltorphimine">Binaltorphimine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BU09059" title="BU09059">BU09059</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buprenorphine" title="Buprenorphine">Buprenorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catechin" title="Catechin">Catechin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epicatechin_gallate" title="Epicatechin gallate">Catechin gallate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CERC-501" class="mw-redirect" title="CERC-501">CERC-501 (LY-2456302)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clocinnamox" title="Clocinnamox">Clocinnamox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icalcaprant" title="Icalcaprant">CVL-354</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyclofoxy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cyclofoxy (page does not exist)">Cyclofoxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dezocine" title="Dezocine">Dezocine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=DIPPA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DIPPA (page does not exist)">DIPPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallocatechol" title="Gallocatechol">EGC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epicatechin_gallate" title="Epicatechin gallate">ECG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epicatechin" class="mw-redirect" title="Epicatechin">Epicatechin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperoside" title="Hyperoside">Hyperoside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JDTic" title="JDTic">JDTic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LY-255582" title="LY-255582">LY-255582</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LY-2196044" class="mw-redirect" title="LY-2196044">LY-2196044</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=LY-2444296&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LY-2444296 (page does not exist)">LY-2444296</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LY-2459989" title="LY-2459989">LY-2459989</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=LY-2795050&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LY-2795050 (page does not exist)">LY-2795050</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MeJDTic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MeJDTic (page does not exist)">MeJDTic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methylnaltrexone" title="Methylnaltrexone">Methylnaltrexone</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ML190&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ML190 (page does not exist)">ML190</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ML350&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ML350 (page does not exist)">ML350</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MR-2266&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MR-2266 (page does not exist)">MR-2266</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-Fluoropropyl-JDTic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N-Fluoropropyl-JDTic (page does not exist)">N-Fluoropropyl-JDTic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naloxone" title="Naloxone">Naloxone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naltrexone" title="Naltrexone">Naltrexone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naltrindole" title="Naltrindole">Naltrindole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naringenin" title="Naringenin">Naringenin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navacaprant" title="Navacaprant">Navacaprant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbinaltorphimine" title="Norbinaltorphimine">Norbinaltorphimine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noribogaine" title="Noribogaine">Noribogaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pawhuskin_A" title="Pawhuskin A">Pawhuskin A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PF-4455242" class="mw-redirect" title="PF-4455242">PF-4455242</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RB-64" title="RB-64">RB-64</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadazocine" title="Quadazocine">Quadazocine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxifolin" title="Taxifolin">Taxifolin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=UPHIT&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UPHIT (page does not exist)">UPHIT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zyklophin" title="Zyklophin">Zyklophin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Nociceptin_receptor" title="Nociceptin receptor">Nociceptin</a><br />(NOP)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Agonists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=(Arg14,Lys15)Nociceptin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="(Arg14,Lys15)Nociceptin (page does not exist)">(Arg14,Lys15)Nociceptin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=((pF)Phe4)Nociceptin(1-13)NH2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="((pF)Phe4)Nociceptin(1-13)NH2 (page does not exist)">((pF)Phe<sup>4</sup>)Nociceptin(1-13)NH<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=(Phe1%CE%A8(CH2-NH)Gly2)Nociceptin(1-13)NH2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="(Phe1Ψ(CH2-NH)Gly2)Nociceptin(1-13)NH2 (page does not exist)">(Phe<sup>1</sup>Ψ(CH<sub>2</sub>-NH)Gly<sup>2</sup>)Nociceptin(1-13)NH<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ac-RYYRWK-NH2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ac-RYYRWK-NH2 (page does not exist)">Ac-RYYRWK-NH<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ac-RYYRIK-NH2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ac-RYYRIK-NH2 (page does not exist)">Ac-RYYRIK-NH<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BU08070&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BU08070 (page does not exist)">BU08070</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buprenorphine" title="Buprenorphine">Buprenorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cebranopadol" title="Cebranopadol">Cebranopadol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dihydroetorphine" title="Dihydroetorphine">Dihydroetorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etorphine" title="Etorphine">Etorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=JNJ-19385899&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JNJ-19385899 (page does not exist)">JNJ-19385899</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levomethorphan" title="Levomethorphan">Levomethorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levorphanol" title="Levorphanol">Levorphanol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lexanopadol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lexanopadol (page does not exist)">Lexanopadol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MCOPPB" title="MCOPPB">MCOPPB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MT-7716" title="MT-7716">MT-7716</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NNC_63-0532" title="NNC 63-0532">NNC 63-0532</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nociceptin" title="Nociceptin">Nociceptin (orphanin FQ)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nociceptin_(1-11)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nociceptin (1-11) (page does not exist)">Nociceptin (1-11)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nociceptin_(1-13)NH2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nociceptin (1-13)NH2 (page does not exist)">Nociceptin (1-13)NH<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbuprenorphine" title="Norbuprenorphine">Norbuprenorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methorphan" title="Methorphan">Racemethorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racemorphan" title="Racemorphan">Racemorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ro64-6198" title="Ro64-6198">Ro64-6198</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ro65-6570" title="Ro65-6570">Ro65-6570</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SCH-221510" title="SCH-221510">SCH-221510</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SCH-486757&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SCH-486757 (page does not exist)">SCH-486757</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SR-8993&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SR-8993 (page does not exist)">SR-8993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SR-16435" title="SR-16435">SR-16435</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunobinop" title="Sunobinop">Sunobinop (S-117957)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TH-030418" title="TH-030418">TH-030418</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Antagonists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=(Nphe1)Nociceptin(1-13)NH2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="(Nphe1)Nociceptin(1-13)NH2 (page does not exist)">(Nphe<sup>1</sup>)Nociceptin(1-13)NH<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AT-076" title="AT-076">AT-076</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BAN-ORL-24&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BAN-ORL-24 (page does not exist)">BAN-ORL-24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BTRX-246040" title="BTRX-246040">BTRX-246040 (LY-2940094)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J-113397" class="mw-redirect" title="J-113397">J-113397</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JTC-801" title="JTC-801">JTC-801</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naloxone_benzoylhydrazone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naloxone benzoylhydrazone (page does not exist)">NalBzOH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nociceptin_(1-7)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nociceptin (1-7) (page does not exist)">Nociceptin (1-7)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nocistatin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nocistatin (page does not exist)">Nocistatin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SB-612111" class="mw-redirect" title="SB-612111">SB-612111</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SR-16430&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SR-16430 (page does not exist)">SR-16430</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thienorphine" title="Thienorphine">Thienorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trap-101&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trap-101 (page does not exist)">Trap-101</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=UFP-101&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UFP-101 (page does not exist)">UFP-101</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Enkephalinase_inhibitor" title="Enkephalinase inhibitor">Enkephalinase inhibitors</a>:</i> <a href="/wiki/Amastatin" title="Amastatin">Amastatin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BL-2401&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BL-2401 (page does not exist)">BL-2401</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candoxatril" title="Candoxatril">Candoxatril</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phenylalanine#D-,_L-_and_DL-phenylalanine" title="Phenylalanine"><span style="font-size:85%;">D</span>-Phenylalanine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dexecadotril&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dexecadotril (page does not exist)">Dexecadotril (retorphan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecadotril" title="Ecadotril">Ecadotril (sinorphan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelatorphan" title="Kelatorphan">Kelatorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racecadotril" title="Racecadotril">Racecadotril (acetorphan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RB-101" title="RB-101">RB-101</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RB-120" title="RB-120">RB-120</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RB-3007" title="RB-3007">RB-3007</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Opiorphan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Opiorphan (page does not exist)">Opiorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selank" title="Selank">Selank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semax" title="Semax">Semax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spinorphin" title="Spinorphin">Spinorphin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiorphan" title="Thiorphan">Thiorphan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tynorphin" title="Tynorphin">Tynorphin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubenimex" title="Ubenimex">Ubenimex (bestatin)</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Propeptides:</i> <a href="/wiki/Lipotropin" title="Lipotropin">β-Lipotropin (proendorphin)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prodynorphin" title="Prodynorphin">Prodynorphin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proenkephalin" title="Proenkephalin">Proenkephalin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pronociceptin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pronociceptin (page does not exist)">Pronociceptin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proopiomelanocortin" title="Proopiomelanocortin">Proopiomelanocortin (POMC)</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Others:</i> <a href="/wiki/Kyotorphin" title="Kyotorphin">Kyotorphin</a> (met-enkephalin releaser/degradation stabilizer)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 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