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href="#Geographia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Geographia </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geographia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Geographia subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Geographia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hydrographia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hydrographia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Hydrographia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hydrographia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Clima" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Clima"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Clima </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Clima-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fauna_et_flora" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fauna_et_flora"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Fauna et flora </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fauna_et_flora-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Civilitas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Civilitas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Civilitas </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Civilitas-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Civilitas subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Civilitas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Externae_rationes_et_defensio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externae_rationes_et_defensio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Externae rationes et defensio </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externae_rationes_et_defensio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Divisio_administrativa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Divisio_administrativa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Divisio administrativa </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Divisio_administrativa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Demographia </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Demographia subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Demographia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Numerus_incolarum" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Numerus_incolarum"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Numerus incolarum </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Numerus_incolarum-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sermones" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sermones"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Sermones </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sermones-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 Religio </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Problemata" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Problemata"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4 Problemata </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Problemata-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oeconomia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oeconomia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Oeconomia </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Oeconomia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Oeconomia subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Oeconomia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Periegesis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Periegesis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Periegesis </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Periegesis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infrastructura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrastructura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Infrastructura </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Infrastructura-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Infrastructura subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Infrastructura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Energia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Energia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Energia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Energia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vectura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vectura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 Vectura </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vectura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Educatio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Educatio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3 Educatio </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Educatio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Scientia_et_artes_utiles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Scientia_et_artes_utiles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.4 Scientia et artes utiles </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Scientia_et_artes_utiles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Adsectationes_caeli" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Adsectationes_caeli"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.4.1 Adsectationes caeli </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Adsectationes_caeli-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Machinae_electronicae" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Machinae_electronicae"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.4.2 Machinae electronicae </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Machinae_electronicae-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Valetudo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Valetudo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.5 Valetudo </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Valetudo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cultura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Cultura </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Cultura-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Cultura subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Cultura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Architectura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Architectura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 Architectura </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Architectura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Artes_subtiles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Artes_subtiles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.2 Artes subtiles </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Artes_subtiles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cinematographia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cinematographia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.3 Cinematographia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cinematographia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Litterae_et_philosophia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Litterae_et_philosophia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.4 Litterae et philosophia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Litterae_et_philosophia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Musica_et_artes_scaenicae" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Musica_et_artes_scaenicae"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.5 Musica et artes scaenicae </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Musica_et_artes_scaenicae-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Officiositas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Officiositas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.6 Officiositas </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Officiositas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Coquina" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Coquina"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.7 Coquina </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Coquina-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Narrationes_pictae_et_ars_animandi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Narrationes_pictae_et_ars_animandi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.8 Narrationes pictae et ars animandi </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Narrationes_pictae_et_ars_animandi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ludi_televisici,_computatrales_et_porticuum" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ludi_televisici,_computatrales_et_porticuum"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.9 Ludi televisici, computatrales et porticuum </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ludi_televisici,_computatrales_et_porticuum-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Instrumenta_divulgationis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Instrumenta_divulgationis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.10 Instrumenta divulgationis </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Instrumenta_divulgationis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indumenta" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indumenta"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.11 Indumenta </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indumenta-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Feriae_et_dies_festi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Feriae_et_dies_festi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.12 Feriae et dies festi </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Feriae_et_dies_festi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Artes_athleticae" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Artes_athleticae"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.13 Artes athleticae </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Artes_athleticae-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Codices" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Codices"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Codices </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Codices-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nexus_interni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nexus_interni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Nexus interni </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nexus_interni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notae" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notae"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Notae </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notae-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliographia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliographia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 Bibliographia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliographia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nexūs_externi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nexūs_externi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 Nexūs externi </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nexūs_externi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Index" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Iaponia</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 323 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-323" aria-hidden="true" > 323 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B0" title="Иапониа – Abasca" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Иапониа" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abasca" class="interlanguage-link-target">Аԥсшәа</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeupang" title="Jeupang – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Jeupang" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Acèh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Японие – Adyghe" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Японие" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="Adyghe" class="interlanguage-link-target">Адыгабзэ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="pagina mensis"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Africana" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Africana" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-alt mw-list-item"><a href="https://alt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Јопон – Southern Altai" lang="alt" hreflang="alt" data-title="Јопон" data-language-autonym="Алтай тил" data-language-local-name="Southern Altai" class="interlanguage-link-target">Алтай тил</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8C%83%E1%8D%93%E1%8A%95" title="ጃፓን – Amharica" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ጃፓን" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharica" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ripon" title="Ripon – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Ripon" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pangcah</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chap%C3%B3n" title="Chapón – Aragonensis" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Chapón" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonensis" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iapan" title="Iapan – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Iapan" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ænglisc</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="जापान – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="जापान" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target">अंगिका</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="اليابان – Arabica" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اليابان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabica" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%9D%DC%A6%DC%A2" title="ܝܦܢ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܝܦܢ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target">ܐܪܡܝܐ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%86" title="الجاپون – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="الجاپون" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="اليابان – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اليابان" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="জাপান – Assamica" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="জাপান" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamica" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xap%C3%B3n" title="Xapón – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Xapón" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-atj mw-list-item"><a href="https://atj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Atikamekw" lang="atj" hreflang="atj" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Atikamekw" data-language-local-name="Atikamekw" class="interlanguage-link-target">Atikamekw</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Япония – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Япония" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target">Авар</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nipona" title="Nipona – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Nipona" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kotava</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="जापान – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="जापान" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">अवधी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nihun" title="Nihun – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Nihun" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aymar aru</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="pagina mensis"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaponiya" title="Yaponiya – Atropatenica" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Yaponiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Atropatenica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%98%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%86" title="ژاپون – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ژاپون" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Япония – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Япония" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jepang" title="Jepang – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Jepang" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japuon%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Japuonėjė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Japuonėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a href="https://bbc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japang" title="Japang – Batak Toba" lang="bbc" hreflang="bbc" data-title="Japang" data-language-autonym="Batak Toba" data-language-local-name="Batak Toba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Batak Toba</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapon" title="Hapon – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Hapon" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bdr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bdr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gipun" title="Gipun – West Coast Bajau" lang="bdr" hreflang="bdr" data-title="Gipun" data-language-autonym="Bajau Sama" data-language-local-name="West Coast Bajau" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bajau Sama</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Японія – Ruthenica Alba" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Японія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Ruthenica Alba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Японія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Японія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jepang" title="Jepang – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Jepang" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Betawi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Япония – Bulgarica" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Япония" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="जापान – Bihari" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="जापान" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bihari" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bislama</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japang" title="Japang – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Japang" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Banjar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%BB%E1%80%95%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%81%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%91%E1%80%AE" title="ဂျပန်ခမ်းထီ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ဂျပန်ခမ်းထီ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target">ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bamanankan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="জাপান – Bengalica" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জাপান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengalica" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%89%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A7%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BC%8D" title="ཉི་ཧོང་། – Tibetana" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཉི་ཧོང་།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetana" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="জাপান – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="জাপান" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target">বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Britonica" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Britonica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Bosnica" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jepang" title="Jepang – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Jepang" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target">Batak Mandailing</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A8%8D%E1%A8%9B%E1%A8%84" title="ᨍᨛᨄ – Buginese" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="ᨍᨛᨄ" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="Buginese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Ugi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Япон Улас – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Япон Улас" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target">Буряад</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="pagina mensis"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%C3%B3" title="Japó – Catalana" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Japó" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalana" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%C3%B3n" title="Japón – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Japón" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chavacano de Zamboanga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C4%ADk-bu%C5%8Dng" title="Nĭk-buōng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Nĭk-buōng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BF%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%87%D0%BE%D1%8C" title="Ипнойчоь – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Ипнойчоь" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapon" title="Hapon – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Hapon" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ch mw-list-item"><a href="https://ch.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chapan" title="Chapan – Chamoruana" lang="ch" hreflang="ch" data-title="Chapan" data-language-autonym="Chamoru" data-language-local-name="Chamoruana" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chamoru</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%A3%E1%8F%A9%E1%8F%82%E1%8F%8F" title="ᏣᏩᏂᏏ – Cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏣᏩᏂᏏ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᏣᎳᎩ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Cheyenne" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="Cheyenne" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tsetsêhestâhese</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%98%D8%A7%D9%BE%DB%86%D9%86" title="ژاپۆن – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ژاپۆن" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giappone" title="Giappone – Corsa" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Giappone" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cr mw-list-item"><a href="https://cr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cap%C4%81n" title="Capān – Cree" lang="cr" hreflang="cr" data-title="Capān" data-language-autonym="Nēhiyawēwin / ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ" data-language-local-name="Cree" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nēhiyawēwin / ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qırımtatarca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonsko" title="Japonsko – Bohemica" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Japonsko" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Bohemica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%C3%B2%C5%84sk%C3%B4" title="Japòńskô – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Japòńskô" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kaszëbsczi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%99%96%D0%BF%D1%A1%D0%BD%D1%97%EA%99%97" title="Ꙗпѡнїꙗ – Slavonica antiqua" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Ꙗпѡнїꙗ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Slavonica antiqua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Япони – Chuvassica" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Япони" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvassica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Cambrica" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Cambrica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Danica" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dagbanli</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Germanica" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Germanica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-din mw-list-item"><a href="https://din.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Dinka" lang="din" hreflang="din" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Thuɔŋjäŋ" data-language-local-name="Dinka" class="interlanguage-link-target">Thuɔŋjäŋ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonya" title="Japonya – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Japonya" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zazaki</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japa%C5%84ska" title="Japańska – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Japańska" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dolnoserbski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jepun" title="Jepun – Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Jepun" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kadazandusun</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="जापान – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="जापान" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target">डोटेली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%96%DE%A6%DE%95%DE%A7%DE%82%DE%AA" title="ޖަޕާނު – Dhivehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ޖަޕާނު" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Dhivehi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ދިވެހިބަސް</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dz mw-list-item"><a href="https://dz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%87%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%94%E0%BD%B1%E0%BD%93" title="ཇ་པཱན – Dzongkha" lang="dz" hreflang="dz" data-title="ཇ་པཱན" data-language-autonym="ཇོང་ཁ" data-language-local-name="Dzongkha" class="interlanguage-link-target">ཇོང་ཁ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="Ewe" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eʋegbe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Ιαπωνία – Graeca" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ιαπωνία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Graeca" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giap%C3%B2%E1%B9%85" title="Giapòṅ – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Giapòṅ" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Emiliàn e rumagnòl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="pagina mensis"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Anglica" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Anglica" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanio" title="Japanio – Esperantica" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Japanio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperantica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%C3%B3n" title="Japón – Hispanica" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Japón" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Hispanica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaapan" title="Jaapan – Estonica" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Jaapan" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonia" title="Japonia – Vasconica" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Japonia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Vasconica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%C3%B3n" title="Japón – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Japón" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target">Estremeñu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%98%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%86" title="ژاپن – Persica" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ژاپن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persica" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Fula" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Fula" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fulfulde</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japani" title="Japani – Finnica" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Japani" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaapan" title="Jaapan – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Jaapan" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target">Võro</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japani" title="Japani – Fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Japani" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Na Vosa Vakaviti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Faroensis" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroensis" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Francogallica" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Francogallica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Arpetan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaapan" title="Jaapan – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Jaapan" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjapon" title="Gjapon – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Gjapon" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Furlan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_tSeap%C3%A1in" title="An tSeapáin – Hibernica" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An tSeapáin" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Hibernica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaponiya" title="Yaponiya – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Yaponiya" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gagauz</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="日本" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target">贛語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kriyòl gwiyannen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Iapan" title="An Iapan – Scotica" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="An Iapan" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scotica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="pagina mensis"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xap%C3%B3n" title="Xapón – Gallaica" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Xapón" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Gallaica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%98%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%A4%D9%86" title="ژاپؤن – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="ژاپؤن" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target">گیلکی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hap%C3%B5" title="Hapõ – Guaranica" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Hapõ" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guaranica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="जपान – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="जपान" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target">गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japangi" title="Japangi – Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Japangi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Hulontalo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%BE%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8D%80%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BD" title="𐌾𐌰𐍀𐌰𐌽 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌾𐌰𐍀𐌰𐌽" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target">𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%AA%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A8" title="જાપાન – Gujaratensis" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="જાપાન" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujaratensis" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guw mw-list-item"><a href="https://guw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Gun" lang="guw" hreflang="guw" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Gungbe" data-language-local-name="Gun" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gungbe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_%C3%87hapaan" title="Yn Çhapaan – Monensis" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Çhapaan" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Monensis" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngi%CC%8Dt-p%C3%BAn" title="Ngi̍t-pún – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Ngi̍t-pún" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C4%81pana" title="Iāpana – Hawaiian" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Iāpana" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaiian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hawaiʻi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%9F" title="יפן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="יפן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="जापान – Hindica" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जापान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindica" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Croatica" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanska" title="Japanska – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Japanska" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hornjoserbsce</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Creolus Haitianus" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Creolus Haitianus" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%C3%A1n" title="Japán – Hungarica" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Japán" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%83%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Ճապոնիա – Armenica" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ճապոնիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%83%D5%A1%D6%83%D5%B8%D5%B6" title="Ճափոն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Ճափոն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Արեւմտահայերէն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jipun" title="Jipun – Iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Jipun" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Iban" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jaku Iban</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jepang" title="Jepang – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Jepang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Igbonica" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbonica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Igbo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-igl mw-list-item"><a href="https://igl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Igala" lang="igl" hreflang="igl" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Igala" data-language-local-name="Igala" class="interlanguage-link-target">Igala</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nippan" title="Nippan – Inupiaq" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Nippan" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiaq" class="interlanguage-link-target">Iñupiatun</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapon" title="Hapon – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Hapon" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Япони – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Япони" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target">ГӀалгӀай</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonia" title="Japonia – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Japonia" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Islandica" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giappone" title="Giappone – Italiana" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Giappone" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiana" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%94%AD%E1%90%B9%E1%93%90" title="ᔭᐹᓐ – Inuktitut" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᔭᐹᓐ" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="Inuktitut" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本 – Iaponica" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="日本" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Iaponica" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Patois</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/pongu%27e" title="pongu'e – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="pongu'e" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target">La .lojban.</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jepang" title="Jepang – Iavensis" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Jepang" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Iavensis" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="იაპონია – Georgiana" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="იაპონია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgiana" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaponiya" title="Yaponiya – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Yaponiya" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yapan" title="Yapan – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Yapan" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taqbaylit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Япон – Kabardian" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Япон" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="Kabardian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Адыгэбзэ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sap%C9%94%C5%8B" title="Sapɔŋ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Sapɔŋ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kabɩyɛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ja%CC%B1pan" title="Ja̱pan – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Ja̱pan" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tyap</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kongo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jopang" title="Jopang – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Jopang" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kumoring</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="Kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gĩkũyũ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Жапония – Cazachica" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Жапония" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Cazachica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="pagina mensis"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%87%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%89%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%93" title="ជប៉ុន – Chmerica" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ជប៉ុន" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Chmerica" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಜಪಾನ್ – Cannadica" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಜಪಾನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Cannadica" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="pagina mensis"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%BC%EB%B3%B8" title="일본 – Coreana" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="일본" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Coreana" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Ниппон – Komi-Permyak" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Ниппон" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="Komi-Permyak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Перем коми</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Джапония – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Джапония" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Къарачай-малкъар</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86" title="جاپان – Casmirica" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="جاپان" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Casmirica" class="interlanguage-link-target">कॉशुर / کٲشُر</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Colognian" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Colognian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ripoarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Curdica" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Curdica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Япония – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Япония" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Коми</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nihon" title="Nihon – Cornubica" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Nihon" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornubica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Жапония – Chirgisica" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Жапония" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Chirgisica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladino</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Luxemburgica" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxemburgica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Япония – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Япония" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Лакку</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Япония – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Япония" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Лезги</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nion" title="Nion – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Nion" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Ganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="Ganda" class="interlanguage-link-target">Luganda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Limburgica" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giappon" title="Giappon – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Giappon" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iapan" title="Iapan – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Iapan" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giapon" title="Giapon – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Giapon" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zap%C9%94%CC%81" title="Zapɔ́ – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Zapɔ́" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingála</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%8D%E0%BA%B5%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B8%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%99" title="ປະເທດຍີ່ປຸ່ນ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ປະເທດຍີ່ປຸ່ນ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target">ລາວ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonija" title="Japonija – Lithuanica" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Japonija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japoneja" title="Japoneja – Latgalian" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Japoneja" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="Latgalian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latgaļu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%C4%81na" title="Japāna – Lettonica" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Japāna" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lettonica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeppang" title="Jeppang – Madurese" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Jeppang" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="Madurese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Madhurâ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="जापान – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="जापान" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target">मैथिली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jepang" title="Jepang – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Jepang" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Banyumasan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Японмастор – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Японмастор" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target">Мокшень</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%C3%A0na" title="Japàna – Malagasiana" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Japàna" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasiana" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Японий – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Японий" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Олык марий</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nipono" title="Nipono – Maoriana" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Nipono" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Maoriana" class="interlanguage-link-target">Māori</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japang" title="Japang – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Japang" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target">Minangkabau</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Јапонија – Macedonica" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Јапонија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB" title="ജപ്പാൻ – Malabarica" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ജപ്പാൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malabarica" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="pagina mensis"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Япон – Mongolica" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Япон" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%96%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯖꯄꯥꯟ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯖꯄꯥꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="जपान – Marathica" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="जपान" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathica" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Япони – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Япони" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кырык мары</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="pagina mensis"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jepun" title="Jepun – Malayana" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Jepun" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malayana" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%A0appun" title="Ġappun – Melitensis" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Ġappun" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Melitensis" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Mirandés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%BB%E1%80%95%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="ဂျပန်နိုင်ငံ – Birmanica" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဂျပန်နိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Birmanica" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Япония Мастор – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Япония Мастор" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target">Эрзянь</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%86" title="جاپون – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="جاپون" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giappone" title="Giappone – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Giappone" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Napulitano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nedersaksies</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="जापान – Nepalensis" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="जापान" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalensis" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="जापान – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="जापान" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jepang" title="Jepang – Nias" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Jepang" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="Nias" class="interlanguage-link-target">Li Niha</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Batava" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Batava" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target">Novial</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%97%DF%AD%DF%8A%DF%94%DF%90%DF%B2%DF%AB" title="ߗ߭ߊߔߐ߲߫ – N’Ko" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߗ߭ߊߔߐ߲߫" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="N’Ko" class="interlanguage-link-target">ߒߞߏ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nr mw-list-item"><a href="https://nr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japane" title="Japane – South Ndebele" lang="nr" hreflang="nr" data-title="Japane" data-language-autonym="IsiNdebele seSewula" data-language-local-name="South Ndebele" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiNdebele seSewula</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nouormand</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japane" title="Japane – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Japane" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sesotho sa Leboa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bin%C3%A1%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%A1daa%C5%82ts%CA%BC%C3%B3z%C3%AD_Dine%CA%BC%C3%A9_Bik%C3%A9yah" title="Binááʼádaałtsʼózí Dineʼé Bikéyah – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Binááʼádaałtsʼózí Dineʼé Bikéyah" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Diné bizaad</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Nyanja" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="Nyanja" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chi-Chewa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Occitana" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitana" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japounii" title="Japounii – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Japounii" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Livvinkarjala</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaappaan" title="Jaappaan – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Jaappaan" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oromoo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%9C%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%AA%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A8" title="ଜାପାନ – Orissensis" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଜାପାନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Orissensis" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Япон – Ossetica" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Япон" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="ਜਪਾਨ – Panjabica" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਜਪਾਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Panjabica" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapon" title="Hapon – Pangasinan" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Hapon" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="Pangasinan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pangasinan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapon" title="Hapon – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Hapon" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kapampangan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapon" title="Hapon – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Hapon" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target">Papiamentu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Picard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcm mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Nigerian Pidgin" lang="pcm" hreflang="pcm" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Naijá" data-language-local-name="Nigerian Pidgin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Naijá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deitsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="Palatine German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pälzisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="जापान – Palica" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="जापान" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Palica" class="interlanguage-link-target">पालि</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonia" title="Japonia – Polonica" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Japonia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polonica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giapon" title="Giapon – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Giapon" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86" title="جاپان – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جاپان" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Ιαπωνία – Pontic" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Ιαπωνία" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="Pontic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ποντιακά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86" title="جاپان – Afganica" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="جاپان" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Afganica" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="pagina mensis"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%C3%A3o" title="Japão – Lusitana" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Japão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Lusitana" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pwn mw-list-item"><a href="https://pwn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dripun" title="Dripun – Paiwan" lang="pwn" hreflang="pwn" data-title="Dripun" data-language-autonym="Pinayuanan" data-language-local-name="Paiwan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pinayuanan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapun" title="Hapun – Quechuae" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Hapun" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechuae" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giapun" title="Giapun – Rhaetica" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Giapun" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Rhaetica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Rumantsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Romani čhib</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rn mw-list-item"><a href="https://rn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yapon" title="Yapon – Rundi" lang="rn" hreflang="rn" data-title="Yapon" data-language-autonym="Ikirundi" data-language-local-name="Rundi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ikirundi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonia" title="Japonia – Dacoromanica" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Japonia" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Dacoromanica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonia" title="Japonia – Aromanian" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Japonia" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Armãneashti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giappone" title="Giappone – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Giappone" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tarandíne</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Япония – Russica" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Япония" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Японія – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Японія" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubuyapani" title="Ubuyapani – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Ubuyapani" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ikinyarwanda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D" title="जपान् – Sanscrita" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="जपान्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanscrita" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Дьоппуон – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Дьоппуон" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A1%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B1" title="ᱡᱟᱯᱟᱱ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱡᱟᱯᱟᱱ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="pagina mensis"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giapone" title="Giapone – Sarda" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Giapone" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sarda" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giappuni" title="Giappuni – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Giappuni" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86" title="جاپان – Sindhuica" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="جاپان" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhuica" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A1hpan" title="Jáhpan – Samica septentrionalis" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Jáhpan" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Samica septentrionalis" class="interlanguage-link-target">Davvisámegiella</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg mw-list-item"><a href="https://sg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zap%C3%B6o" title="Zapöo – Sango" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" data-title="Zapöo" data-language-autonym="Sängö" data-language-local-name="Sango" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sängö</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%81%B5%E1%80%BB%E1%82%83%E1%82%87%E1%80%95%E1%81%A2%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA%E1%82%87" title="မိူင်းၵျႃႇပၢၼ်ႇ – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းၵျႃႇပၢၼ်ႇ" data-language-autonym="တႆး" data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target">တႆး</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%A2%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%BA" title="ජපානය – Singhalensis" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ජපානය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Singhalensis" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonsko" title="Japonsko – Slovaca" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Japonsko" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovaca" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86" title="جاپان – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="جاپان" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target">سرائیکی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="pagina mensis"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonska" title="Japonska – Slovena" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Japonska" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovena" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iapani" title="Iapani – Samoana" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Iapani" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoana" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gagana Samoa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaapaan" title="Jaapaan – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Jaapaan" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target">Anarâškielâ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japani" title="Japani – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Japani" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiShona</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jabaan" title="Jabaan – Somalica" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Jabaan" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonia" title="Japonia – Albanica" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Japonia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Јапан – Serbica" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Јапан" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Sranan Tongo" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="Sranan Tongo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sranantongo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/IJaphani" title="IJaphani – Swati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="IJaphani" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="Swati" class="interlanguage-link-target">SiSwati</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japane" title="Japane – Southern Sotho" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Japane" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="Southern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sesotho</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seeltersk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jepang" title="Jepang – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Jepang" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Suecica" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Suecica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japani" title="Japani – Suahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Japani" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Suahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%C5%AF%C5%84ijo" title="Japůńijo – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Japůńijo" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zipun" title="Zipun – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Zipun" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sakizaya</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="யப்பான் – Tamulica" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="யப்பான்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamulica" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gipun" title="Gipun – Atayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Gipun" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Atayal" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tayal</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಜಪಾನ್ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಜಪಾನ್" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target">ತುಳು</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tdd mw-list-item"><a href="https://tdd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A5%9B%E1%A5%AB%E1%A5%92%E1%A5%B0_%E1%A5%93%E1%A5%A3%E1%A5%B1_%E1%A5%99%E1%A5%A3%E1%A5%A2%E1%A5%B1" title="ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥓᥣᥱ ᥙᥣᥢᥱ – Tai Nuea" lang="tdd" hreflang="tdd" data-title="ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥓᥣᥱ ᥙᥣᥢᥱ" data-language-autonym="ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ" data-language-local-name="Tai Nuea" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="జపాన్ – Telingana" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="జపాన్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telingana" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japaun" title="Japaun – Tetum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Japaun" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="Tetum" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tetun</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B6%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Ҷопон – Tadzikica" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҷопон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadzikica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="pagina mensis"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99" title="ประเทศญี่ปุ่น – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประเทศญี่ปุ่น" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8C%83%E1%8D%93%E1%8A%95" title="ጃፓን – Tigrinya" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ጃፓን" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="Tigrinya" class="interlanguage-link-target">ትግርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Daponi%C3%BDa" title="Ýaponiýa – Turcomannica" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Ýaponiýa" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turcomannica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkmençe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapon" title="Hapon – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Hapon" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonij%C9%99" title="Japonijə – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Japonijə" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tolışi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tn mw-list-item"><a href="https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Tswana" lang="tn" hreflang="tn" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Setswana" data-language-local-name="Tswana" class="interlanguage-link-target">Setswana</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siapani" title="Siapani – Tongana" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Siapani" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="Tongana" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lea faka-Tonga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siapan" title="Siapan – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Siapan" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tok Pisin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonya" title="Japonya – Turcica" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Japonya" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turcica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanah_Tunux" title="Tanah Tunux – Taroko" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Tanah Tunux" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="Taroko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seediq</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japani" title="Japani – Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Japani" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Xitsonga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="pagina mensis"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Япония – Tatarica" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Япония" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatarica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiTumbuka</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Twi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ty mw-list-item"><a href="https://ty.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C4%81p%C5%8Dn%C4%93" title="Tāpōnē – Tahitian" lang="ty" hreflang="ty" data-title="Tāpōnē" data-language-autonym="Reo tahiti" data-language-local-name="Tahitian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Reo tahiti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Япония – Tuvinian" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Япония" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="Tuvinian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тыва дыл</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Япония – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Япония" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target">Удмурт</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%86%D9%89%D9%8A%DB%95" title="ياپونىيە – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ياپونىيە" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Японія – Ucrainica" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Японія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ucrainica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86" title="جاپان – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جاپان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaponiya" title="Yaponiya – Uzbecica" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Yaponiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbecica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ve mw-list-item"><a href="https://ve.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Venda" lang="ve" hreflang="ve" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Tshivenda" data-language-local-name="Venda" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tshivenda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonii" title="Japonii – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Japonii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vepsän kel’</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nh%E1%BA%ADt_B%E1%BA%A3n" title="Nhật Bản – Vietnamica" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nhật Bản" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target">West-Vlams</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yap%C3%A4n" title="Yapän – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Yapän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djapon" title="Djapon – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Djapon" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target">Walon</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapon" title="Hapon – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Hapon" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapo%C5%8B" title="Sapoŋ – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Sapoŋ" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target">Wolof</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="日本" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8x%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%9D%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B3" title="Ниxуудин Нутг – Kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Ниxуудин Нутг" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Хальмг</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/IJapani" title="IJapani – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="IJapani" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiXhosa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="იაპონია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="იაპონია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%9F" title="יאפאן – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="יאפאן" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyiedbonj" title="Nyiedbonj – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Nyiedbonj" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vahcuengh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zeêuws</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%8F%E2%B5%89%E2%B4%B1%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%8F" title="ⵏⵉⴱⵓⵏ – Standard Moroccan Tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵏⵉⴱⵓⵏ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Standard Moroccan Tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target">ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本 – Sinica" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="日本" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Sinica" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="日本" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" 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<div id="mw-indicator-a10200" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><a href="/wiki/Vicipaedia:1000_paginae" title="Vicipaedia:1000 paginae"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Mille_Paginae.png/40px-Mille_Paginae.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Mille_Paginae.png/42px-Mille_Paginae.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Mille_Paginae.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">E Vicipaedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="la" dir="ltr"><div><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Mining_Yellow.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Mining_Yellow.svg/20px-Mining_Yellow.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Mining_Yellow.svg/30px-Mining_Yellow.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Mining_Yellow.svg/40px-Mining_Yellow.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="679" data-file-height="655" /></a> -2 <a href="/wiki/Vicipaedia:Latinitas" class="mw-redirect" title="Vicipaedia:Latinitas">Latinitas</a> huius rei dubia est. Corrige si potes. Vide {{<a href="/wiki/Formula:Latinitas" title="Formula:Latinitas">latinitas</a>}}.</div> <div class="capsa-vicidata infobox" style="width:15em; background:#e3e3e3;"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3850522">.mw-parser-output .capsa-vicidata{float:right;margin:0 0 2em 1em;padding:.25em .5em;box-shadow:8px 8px 8px #ccc;text-align:center;background-color:#f2f2f2;border:1px solid #bebebe}.mw-parser-output .capsa-vicidata-titulus{padding-top:.44em;font-size:90%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .capsa-vicidata-subtitulus{padding-bottom:.14em;font-size:70%}.mw-parser-output .capsa-vicidata-data{font-size:80%;margin-top:1em;padding:.2em .1em .1em .2em}.mw-parser-output .capsa-vicidata .mw-collapsible{text-align:left}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .capsa-vicidata{width:100%!important;float:none;margin-left:0;box-shadow:0 8px 8px #ccc}}</style> <div class="capsa-vicidata-titulus noviewer"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Wikidata-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/25px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/38px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/50px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a> Iaponia</div> <div class="capsa-vicidata-subtitulus">Res apud <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:ItemByTitle/lawiki/Iaponia" class="extiw" title="d:Special:ItemByTitle/lawiki/Iaponia">Vicidata</a> repertae:</div><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Kamon_of_the_Imperial_House_of_Japan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Iaponia: insigne"><img alt="Iaponia: insigne" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Kamon_of_the_Imperial_House_of_Japan.svg/85px-Kamon_of_the_Imperial_House_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Kamon_of_the_Imperial_House_of_Japan.svg/128px-Kamon_of_the_Imperial_House_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Kamon_of_the_Imperial_House_of_Japan.svg/170px-Kamon_of_the_Imperial_House_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>Iaponia: insigne</figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Flag_of_Japan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Iaponia: vexillum"><img alt="Iaponia: vexillum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/120px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/250px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Iaponia: vexillum</figcaption></figure><div class="capsa-vicidata-data"> Terra continens: <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a> Territoria finitima: <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Res_publica_Coreana" title="Res publica Coreana">Corea Meridiana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Res_publica_Sinarum" title="Res publica Sinarum">Res publica Sinarum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Res_publica_popularis_Sinarum" title="Res publica popularis Sinarum">Res publica popularis Sinarum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Civitates_Foederatae_Americae" title="Civitates Foederatae Americae">Civitates Foederatae Americae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philippinae" title="Philippinae">Philippinae</a> Locus: <a class="mw-kartographer-maplink" data-mw-kartographer="maplink" data-style="osm-intl" href="/wiki/Specialis:Map/0/35/136/la" data-lat="35" data-lon="136" data-overlays="["_e3681889faaee4618badbe5ef6470d477d350d5b"]">35°0′0″N 136°0′0″E</a> Caput: <a href="/wiki/Tokium" title="Tokium">Tokium</a> <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> Gestio <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <a href="/wiki/Monarchia_constitutionalis" title="Monarchia constitutionalis">Monarchia constitutionalis</a> Princeps: <a href="/wiki/Naruhito" title="Naruhito">Naruhito</a> Praefectus: <a href="/wiki/Shigeru_Ishiba" title="Shigeru Ishiba">Shigeru Ishiba</a> Consilium: National Diet Iudicium: Supreme Court of Japan </div></div><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> Populus <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> Numerus: 125 440 000 Sermo publicus: <a href="/wiki/Lingua_Iaponica" title="Lingua Iaponica">lingua Iaponica</a> Zona horaria: Japan Standard Time, Asia/Tokyo, UTC+09:00 Moneta: <a href="/wiki/Ienum" title="Ienum">Yen</a></div></div><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> Commemoratio <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> Paean: <a href="/wiki/Kimi_ga_yo" title="Kimi ga yo">Kimi ga yo</a> </div></div><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> Sigla <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> ISO <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:JP">JP</a>, JPN, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.who.int/countries/392">392</a>; IOC JPN Dominium interretiale: .jp Praefixum telephonicum: +81 Siglum autoraedarum: J</div></div><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> Tabula aut despectus <div class="mw-collapsible-content"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Japan_on_the_globe_(de-facto)_(Japan_centered).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Iaponia: situs"><img alt="Iaponia: situs" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Japan_on_the_globe_%28de-facto%29_%28Japan_centered%29.svg/190px-Japan_on_the_globe_%28de-facto%29_%28Japan_centered%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="190" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Japan_on_the_globe_%28de-facto%29_%28Japan_centered%29.svg/285px-Japan_on_the_globe_%28de-facto%29_%28Japan_centered%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Japan_on_the_globe_%28de-facto%29_%28Japan_centered%29.svg/380px-Japan_on_the_globe_%28de-facto%29_%28Japan_centered%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1246" data-file-height="1246" /></a><figcaption>Iaponia: situs</figcaption></figure></div></div></div></div> Iaponia<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> (<a href="/wiki/Scriptura_Iaponica" title="Scriptura Iaponica">litteris Iaponicis</a> 日本, <a href="/wiki/Abecedarium_Latinum" title="Abecedarium Latinum">Latinis</a> Nihon vel Nippon, publice 日本国 vel Nippon-koku 'Civitas Iaponiae') est <a href="/wiki/Civitas_sui_iuris" title="Civitas sui iuris">civitas sui iuris</a> in <a href="/wiki/Asia_orientalis" title="Asia orientalis">Asia orientalis</a> sita. In <a href="/wiki/Oceanus_Pacificus" title="Oceanus Pacificus">Oceano Pacifico</a> occidentali iacet, inter <a href="/wiki/Mare_Iaponicum" title="Mare Iaponicum">Mare Iaponicum</a> ad occidentem et <a href="/wiki/Mare_Sinense_Orientale" title="Mare Sinense Orientale">Mare Sinense Orientale</a> ad meridiem. <a href="/wiki/Archipelagus" title="Archipelagus">Archipelagus</a> Iaponicus ex circiter 6852 <a href="/wiki/Insula" title="Insula">insulis</a> constat, quarum quattuor maximae—<a href="/wiki/Honsua" title="Honsua">Honsua</a>, <a href="/wiki/Esonia" title="Esonia">Esonia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ximum" title="Ximum">Ximum</a>, et <a href="/wiki/Insula_Shikokuensis" title="Insula Shikokuensis">Sicocus</a>—97 centesimas areae terrestris Iaponicae occupant et vulgo insulae domesticae appellantur. Superficiem 377 975 chiliometrorum quadratorum obtinet. <a href="/wiki/Linguae_Sinicae" title="Linguae Sinicae">Sinicae</a> notae nominis '<a href="/wiki/Sol" title="Sol">solis</a> originem' significant, unde saepe 'Terra Solis Orientis' appellatur. In <a href="/w/index.php?title=Circulus_Igneus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Circulus Igneus (non est haec pagina)">Circulo Igneo</a> Pacifici sita, Iaponia <a href="/wiki/Terrae_motus" title="Terrae motus">terrae motibus</a> et fluctibus marinis crebro vexatur. Tres regionis partes <a href="/wiki/Mons" title="Mons">montibus</a> et <a href="/wiki/Silva" title="Silva">silvis</a> obteguntur, itaque <a href="/wiki/Agricultura" title="Agricultura">agricultura</a> et magna pars incolarum in planitiebus litoralibus orientalibus in unum conferuntur. Iaponia in quadraginta septem <a href="/wiki/Index_praefecturarum_Iaponiae" title="Index praefecturarum Iaponiae">praefecturas</a> et octo <a href="/wiki/Regiones_Iaponiae" title="Regiones Iaponiae">regiones</a> dividitur. <a href="/wiki/Esonia" title="Esonia">Esonia</a> in septentrione extremo, praefectura autem <a href="/wiki/Okinawa%C3%ABnsis" title="Okinawaënsis">Okinawaënsis</a> in meridie sita est. Anno <a href="/wiki/2024" title="2024">2024</a>, Iaponia circa 125 miliones incolarum numerat, eamque undecimam inter civitates orbis populosissimas collocat. <a href="/wiki/Tokium" title="Tokium">Tokium</a>, urbs maxima et <a href="/wiki/Caput_(urbs)" title="Caput (urbs)">caput</a>, una cum regione metropolitana plus quam 38 miliones incolarum habet, quod eam amplissimam regionem urbanam mundi facit. <a href="/wiki/Archaeologia" title="Archaeologia">Archaeologicae</a> investigationes indicant Iaponiam iam aevo <a href="/wiki/Palaeolithicum" title="Palaeolithicum">Palaeolithico Superiore</a>, circa 30 000 a.C.n., habitatam fuisse. Prima mentio scripta in <a href="/wiki/Historia_Sinica" title="Historia Sinica">annalibus Sinicis</a> <a href="/wiki/Saeculum_1" title="Saeculum 1">saeculi primi</a> reperitur. Inter saecula IV et VI, regna Iaponica sub imperatore coaluerunt, primum Narae, deinde Heian-kyo sedem habente. A saeculo XII usque ad annum <a href="/wiki/1868" title="1868">1868</a>, vera potestas penes shōgunes militares et dominos feudales (daimyō) fuit, nobilitate bellatrice (samurai) auxiliante. Iaponia, una ex maximis mundi potestatibus, est socia <a href="/wiki/ASEAN" class="mw-redirect" title="ASEAN">ASEAN Plus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nationes_Unitae" title="Nationes Unitae">Nationum Unitarum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ordo_oeconomicae_cooperationi_et_evolutioni_favendis" title="Ordo oeconomicae cooperationi et evolutioni favendis">OECD</a>, G7, G8, et G20. Tertiam maximam oeconomiam orbis terrarum secundum PDG habet. Quamquam ius belli decernendi renuntiavit, res militares cum octavo maximo dispensatione oeconomica servat. Natio valde evoluta est, altissimis vivendi gradu et indice progressus humani gaudens. Cives eius altissima exspectatione vitae fruuntur. Iaponia propter suam cinematographiam, musicam, anime, ludos televisificos, coquinam, technologiam progressivam, et contributiones scientiae clara est. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymologia">Etymologia</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Recensere partem: Etymologia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Etymologia">fontem recensere</a>]</div> Iaponia, <a href="/wiki/Exonymum" title="Exonymum">exonymum</a> Latinum, in <a href="/wiki/Lingua_Iaponica" title="Lingua Iaponica">lingua Iaponica</a> omnino non est. Nomina Iaponica huius <a href="/wiki/Natio" title="Natio">nationis</a> Nippon (にっぽん) et Nihon (にほん) sunt, et ambo notatione <a href="/wiki/Kanji" title="Kanji">Kanji</a> 日本 scribuntur. Nippon locutio compta est, sollemnibus et emissioni <a href="/wiki/Charta_argentaria" title="Charta argentaria">chartae argentariae</a> propria. Nomen autem Nihon in sermone quotidiano usurpant. Et Nippon et Nihon 'solis originem' (日 'solem' 本 'radicem' aut 'originem') ad litteram significant, crebro igitur 'natio solis orientis' redduntur. Haec denominatio orta est ex epistolari colloquio imperiali cum <a href="/wiki/Res_publica_popularis_Sinarum" title="Res publica popularis Sinarum">Sinicā</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Domus_Sui&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Domus Sui (non est haec pagina)">Domū Sui</a>, quae orientalem Iaponiae situm respectu <a href="/wiki/Res_publica_popularis_Sinarum" title="Res publica popularis Sinarum">Sinarum</a> remittit. Nomen Latinum Iaponiae ad <a href="/wiki/Cultura_occidentalis" title="Cultura occidentalis">Occidentem</a> per <a href="/wiki/Commercium" title="Commercium">commercium</a> pervenit. Nam vocabulum antiquum <a href="/wiki/Lingua_Sinica" class="mw-redirect" title="Lingua Sinica">Sinicum</a>, quod in Iaponia subest, sicuti adscriptum est a <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Paulus_Venetus" title="Marcus Paulus Venetus">Marco Paulo</a>, Zipangu erat. Hodierna dialecto <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sermo_Sciamhaevensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sermo Sciamhaevensis (non est haec pagina)">Sciamhaevensi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lingua_Sinica" class="mw-redirect" title="Lingua Sinica">Sinica</a> dialecto <a href="/wiki/Lingua_Wu" title="Lingua Wu">Wu</a>, pronuntiatio Kanji 日本 Zeppen est. Vocabulum antiquum Iaponiae est <a href="/wiki/Lingua_Malaica" title="Lingua Malaica">Malaice</a> Jepang (<a href="/wiki/Orthographia" title="Orthographia">orthographia</a> hodierna Jepun), vocabulum mutuatum a <a href="/wiki/Lingua_Sinica" class="mw-redirect" title="Lingua Sinica">Sinica</a>. Mercatores <a href="/wiki/Lusitania" class="mw-redirect" title="Lusitania">Lusitani</a> in <a href="/wiki/Malacca_(civitas)" class="mw-redirect" title="Malacca (civitas)">Malacca</a> <a href="/wiki/Saeculum_16" title="Saeculum 16">saeculo XVI</a> hoc vocabulum invenisse primique ad <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europam</a> tulisse putantur. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historia">Historia</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Recensere partem: Historia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Historia">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <div style="margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 2px; text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/20px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/40px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></a> Conferatur pagina principalis: <a href="/wiki/Historia_Iaponiae" title="Historia Iaponiae">Historia Iaponiae</a>.</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Praehistoria_et_historia_antiqua">Praehistoria et historia antiqua</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Recensere partem: Praehistoria et historia antiqua" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Praehistoria et historia antiqua">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Emperor_Jimmu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Emperor_Jimmu.jpg/250px-Emperor_Jimmu.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="262" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Emperor_Jimmu.jpg/330px-Emperor_Jimmu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Emperor_Jimmu.jpg/500px-Emperor_Jimmu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1242" data-file-height="1807" /></a><figcaption>Imperator <a href="/wiki/Jimmu" title="Jimmu">Jimmu</a> (Iaponice 神武天皇), primus <a href="/wiki/Imperator_Iaponiae" title="Imperator Iaponiae">imperator Iaponiae</a> cum origine tracto ab anno 660.<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a>– hodiernā in Iaponiā eius accessio Dies Conditio Nationalis (Iaponice 建国記念の日) die 11 Februarii denotatur.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Palaeolithicum" title="Palaeolithicum">Palaeolithica</a> cultura circa 30 000 a.C.n. primam notam Iaponici archipelagi habitationem constituit. Quam secuta est circa 14 000 a.C.n. (ineunte <a href="/w/index.php?title=Periodus_J%C5%8Dmonica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periodus Jōmonica (non est haec pagina)">periodo Iōmonicā</a>, Iaponice 縄文時代) e <a href="/wiki/Mesolithicum" title="Mesolithicum">Mesolithico</a> in <a href="/wiki/Neolithicum" title="Neolithicum">Neolithicum</a> semisedentaria <a href="/wiki/Venatio_et_collectio" title="Venatio et collectio">venatoria et collectoria</a> cultura depicta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Domus_fossa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Domus fossa (non est haec pagina)">domis fossis</a> et rudimentariā agriculturā.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a>, inclusis prioribus hodiernorum populorum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ainuani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ainuani (non est haec pagina)">Ainuani</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ainuane" class="mw-redirect" title="Ainuane">Ainuane</a> et Iaponice アィヌ) et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamato_(populus)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yamato (populus) (non est haec pagina)">Yamatoensis</a> (Iaponice 大和民族).<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> Ornata argillosa vasa hac e periodo apud antiquissima <a href="/wiki/Opus_fictile" title="Opus fictile">operis fictilis</a> exempla in toto orbe terrarum sunt. Circa 300 a.C.n., populus Yayoiensis Iaponicas insulas intrare coepit, se commiscentes cum <a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C5%8Dmon_(populus)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jōmon (populus) (non est haec pagina)">populo Iōmonico</a>.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> (Iaponice 縄文人). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Periodus_Yayoiensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periodus Yayoiensis (non est haec pagina)">Periodus Yayoiensis</a> (Iaponice 弥生時代), incipiens circa 500 a.C.n., usūs sicuti umidae <a href="/wiki/Oryza" class="mw-disambig" title="Oryza">oryzae</a> agriculturam<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a>, novum <a href="/wiki/Opus_fictile" title="Opus fictile">operis fictilis</a> genus<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> et <a href="/wiki/Metallurgia" title="Metallurgia">metallurgiam</a>, e <a href="/wiki/Res_publica_popularis_Sinarum" title="Res publica popularis Sinarum">Sinis</a> et <a href="/wiki/Corea" title="Corea">Coreā</a> inductam,<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> introducere vidit. <a href="/wiki/Vocabulum" class="mw-redirect" title="Vocabulum">Vocabulum</a> Iaponia primum in <a href="/wiki/Historia" title="Historia">historia</a> in <a href="/wiki/Seres" class="mw-redirect" title="Seres">Serico</a> libro <a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%A0n_sh%C5%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hàn shū (non est haec pagina)">Hàn shū</a> scriptum esse videtur.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> Secundum librum <a href="/wiki/Documenta_trium_regnorum" title="Documenta trium regnorum">Documenta trium regnorum</a>, potentissimum regnum in archipelago per saeculum III <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamatai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yamatai (non est haec pagina)">Yamataikoku</a> (Iaponice 邪馬台国) nuncupatur. <a href="/wiki/Buddhismus" title="Buddhismus">Buddhismus</a> in Iaponiam e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paecce&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paecce (non est haec pagina)">Paecci</a> (<a href="/wiki/Coreane" class="mw-redirect" title="Coreane">Coreane</a> 백제/百)濟), <a href="/wiki/Corea" title="Corea">Coreā</a>, introductus et a Principe <a href="/wiki/Shotoku_Taishi" title="Shotoku Taishi">Shōtoku</a> promotus est, sed consequens Iaponici Buddhismi evolutio principaliter a <a href="/wiki/Res_publica_popularis_Sinarum" title="Res publica popularis Sinarum">Sinis</a> affecta est.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> Contemptā primigeniā obstantiā, Buddhismus a dominativo ordine promotus et diseminatam acceptionem <a href="/w/index.php?title=Periodus_Asukaensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periodus Asukaensis (non est haec pagina)">periodo Asukaensi</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> (592–710, Iaponice 飛鳥時代) incipientem consecutus est.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> Fama est Iaponiam principium cepisse a <a href="/wiki/Jimmu" title="Jimmu">Jimmu</a> imperatore (Iaponice 神武天皇) <a href="/wiki/Amaterasu" title="Amaterasu">Amaterasu</a> (Iaponice 天照) <a href="/wiki/Dea_solis" class="mw-redirect" title="Dea solis">dea solis</a> (nam solem Iaponi pro dea habebant) edito, qui gente sua in <a href="/wiki/Regio" title="Regio">regionem</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamato&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yamato (non est haec pagina)">Yamato</a> inducta genus Iaponicum procreavit. Exin novus populus, etsi longum per tempus a <a href="/wiki/Seres" class="mw-redirect" title="Seres">populo Serico</a> vicino, ad quem duces prisci Iaponiae legatos de amicitia ac societate petenda miserant, litteras, <a href="/wiki/Religio" title="Religio">religionem</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philosophia" title="Philosophia">philosophiam</a> inducere solebant, tamen non totas artes suas neglegebat. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Periodus_Naraensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periodus Naraensis (non est haec pagina)">Periodus Naraensis</a><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> (710–784, Iaponice 奈良時代) signata est ortu centralizatae Iaponicae civitatis in Palatio Imperiali <a href="/wiki/Heij%C5%8D-ky%C5%8D" title="Heijō-kyō">Heiiōkyōnis</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nara" title="Nara">Narae</a> in praesenti) centratae. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Periodus_Naraensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periodus Naraensis (non est haec pagina)">Periodus Naraensis</a> nascentium <a href="/wiki/Litterae" title="Litterae">litterarum</a> apparitione non minus quam arte et <a href="/wiki/Architectura" title="Architectura">architecturā</a> evolutā cum Buddhisticā inspiratione depicta est.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> <a href="/wiki/Variola" title="Variola">Variolae</a> epidemia inter annos 735 et 737 quam plurimum unam tertiam Iaponiensium partem occidisse creditur.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> Anno <a href="/wiki/784" title="784">784</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Imperator_Kanmu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imperator Kanmu (non est haec pagina)">Imperator Kanmu</a> caput e <a href="/wiki/Nara" title="Nara">Narā</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nagaoka-kyo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nagaoka-kyo (non est haec pagina)">Nagaoka-kyōnem</a> (Iaponice 長岡京), deinde in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Heian-kyo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heian-kyo (non est haec pagina)">Heian-kyōnem</a> (Iaponice 平安京, in praesenti <a href="/wiki/Kyotum" title="Kyotum">Kyotum</a>) anno 794, movit. Quod <a href="/w/index.php?title=Periodus_Heianensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periodus Heianensis (non est haec pagina)">Periodi Heianensis</a><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> (Iaponice ) ortum, inter annos <a href="/wiki/794" title="794">794</a> et <a href="/wiki/1185" title="1185">1185</a>, denotavit, per quam distinctive indigena <a href="/wiki/Cultura" title="Cultura">cultura</a> Iaponica orta est, depicta suā <a href="/wiki/Ars" title="Ars">arte</a>, <a href="/wiki/Po%C3%ABsis" title="Poësis">poësi</a> et <a href="/wiki/Prosa" title="Prosa">prosā</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Murasaki_Shikibu" title="Murasaki Shikibu">Murasaki Shikibu</a> liber <a href="/wiki/Genji_monogatari" title="Genji monogatari">Genji monogatari</a> et hymni nationalis Iaponici "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimigayo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kimigayo (non est haec pagina)">Kimigayo</a>" verba scripta sunt haec per tempora.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> <a href="/wiki/Buddhismus" title="Buddhismus">Buddhismus</a> per <a href="/w/index.php?title=Periodus_Heianensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periodus Heianensis (non est haec pagina)">aeram Heianensem</a> expandi coepit praesertim per duas praecipuas sectas, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tendai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tendai (non est haec pagina)">Tendaicam</a> (Iaponice 天台宗) a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saich%C5%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saichō (non est haec pagina)">Saichōne</a> et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Buddhismus_Singonicus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Buddhismus Singonicus (non est haec pagina)">Singonicam</a> a <a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C5%ABkai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kūkai (non est haec pagina)">Kūkai</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Buddhismus_Terrae_Purae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Buddhismus Terrae Purae (non est haec pagina)">Buddhismus Terrae Purae</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C5%8Ddo-sh%C5%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jōdo-shū (non est haec pagina)">Jōdo-shū</a> et <a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C5%8Ddo_Shinsh%C5%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jōdo Shinshū (non est haec pagina)">Jōdo Shinshū</a>) valde popularis saeculi XI ultimo dimidio factus est. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Feudalis_aera">Feudalis aera</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Recensere partem: Feudalis aera" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Feudalis aera">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:M%C5%8Dko_Sh%C5%ABrai_Ekotoba_Mongol_Invasion_Takezaki_Suenaga_2_Page_5-7.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/M%C5%8Dko_Sh%C5%ABrai_Ekotoba_Mongol_Invasion_Takezaki_Suenaga_2_Page_5-7.jpg/300px-M%C5%8Dko_Sh%C5%ABrai_Ekotoba_Mongol_Invasion_Takezaki_Suenaga_2_Page_5-7.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/M%C5%8Dko_Sh%C5%ABrai_Ekotoba_Mongol_Invasion_Takezaki_Suenaga_2_Page_5-7.jpg/450px-M%C5%8Dko_Sh%C5%ABrai_Ekotoba_Mongol_Invasion_Takezaki_Suenaga_2_Page_5-7.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/M%C5%8Dko_Sh%C5%ABrai_Ekotoba_Mongol_Invasion_Takezaki_Suenaga_2_Page_5-7.jpg/600px-M%C5%8Dko_Sh%C5%ABrai_Ekotoba_Mongol_Invasion_Takezaki_Suenaga_2_Page_5-7.jpg 2x" data-file-width="9586" data-file-height="3176" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moko_Shurai_Ekotoba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moko Shurai Ekotoba (non est haec pagina)">Moko Shurai Ekotoba</a>. <a href="/wiki/Pictura" title="Pictura">Pictura</a> praeclarissima bellum cum oppugnatoribus <a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolicis</a> depingit.</figcaption></figure> Iaponica era feudalis emersū et dominatione regentis ordinis bellatorum, <a href="/wiki/Samuraeus" title="Samuraeus">samuraeorum</a>, depicta est. Anno 1185, victā <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gens_Taira&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gens Taira (non est haec pagina)">gente Tairā</a> (Iaponice 平氏) in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bellum_Genpei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bellum Genpei (non est haec pagina)">Bello Genpei</a> (Iaponice 源平合戦), cantā in carmine epico <a href="/w/index.php?title=Heike_Monogatari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heike Monogatari (non est haec pagina)">Heike Monogatari</a> (Iaponice 平家物語), samuraeus <a href="/wiki/Minamoto_no_Yoritomo" title="Minamoto no Yoritomo">Minamoto no Yoritomo</a> <a href="/wiki/Shogun" class="mw-redirect" title="Shogun">shōgun</a> ab <a href="/wiki/Imperator_Iaponiae" title="Imperator Iaponiae">imperatore</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Go-Toba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Go-Toba (non est haec pagina)">Go-Tobā</a> designatus est et Minamoto no Yoritomo gubernationis basin <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamakura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kamakura (non est haec pagina)">Kamakurae</a><a href="#cite_note-Kamakura-21">[21]</a> statuit. Quo mortuo, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gens_H%C5%8Dj%C5%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gens Hōjō (non est haec pagina)">gens Hōjō</a> (Iaponice 北条氏) pervenit ad gubernium sicuti procuratores shogunum. Schola <a href="/wiki/Zen" title="Zen">Zen</a> Buddhismi e <a href="/wiki/Res_publica_popularis_Sinarum" title="Res publica popularis Sinarum">Sinis</a> per <a href="/w/index.php?title=Periodus_Kamakuraensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periodus Kamakuraensis (non est haec pagina)">periodum Kamakuraensem</a><a href="#cite_note-Kamakura-21">[21]</a> (Iaponice 鎌倉時代), inter annos 1185 et 1333, introducta est et facta est popularis apud ordinem samuraeorum.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shogunatus_Kamakuraensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shogunatus Kamakuraensis (non est haec pagina)">Shogunatus Kamakuraensis</a><a href="#cite_note-Kamakura-21">[21]</a> (Iaponice 鎌倉幕府) <a href="/wiki/Imperium_Mongolicum" title="Imperium Mongolicum">Mongolicas</a> invasiones inter annos 1274 et 1281 repulit sed denique ex officio amotus est ab Imperatore <a href="/w/index.php?title=Go-Daigo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Go-Daigo (non est haec pagina)">Go-Daigone</a>. Imperator <a href="/w/index.php?title=Go-Daigo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Go-Daigo (non est haec pagina)">Go-Daigo</a> ab <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ashikaga_Takauji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ashikaga Takauji (non est haec pagina)">Ashikagā Takauji</a> anno 1336 victus est <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ashikaga_Takauji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ashikaga Takauji (non est haec pagina)">Ashikaga Takauji</a> <a href="/wiki/Shogun" class="mw-redirect" title="Shogun">shogunatum</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muromachi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muromachi (non est haec pagina)">Muromachi</a> (Iaponice 室町), <a href="/wiki/Kyotum" title="Kyotum">Kyoti</a>, statuit. Hoc fuit <a href="/w/index.php?title=Periodus_Muromachiensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periodus Muromachiensis (non est haec pagina)">periodi Muromachiensis</a> (1336–1573) initium. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shogunatus_Ashikagae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shogunatus Ashikagae (non est haec pagina)">Shogunatus Ashikagae</a> tempore <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ashikaga_Yoshimitsu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ashikaga Yoshimitsu (non est haec pagina)">Ashikagae Yoshimitsu</a> gloriatus est, cum cultura <a href="/wiki/Buddhismus" title="Buddhismus">Buddhismo</a> <a href="/wiki/Zen" title="Zen">Zen</a> fundata (ars <a href="/w/index.php?title=Miyabi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Miyabi (non est haec pagina)">Miyabi</a>, Iaponice 雅) floruit. Quae in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cultura_Higashiyamaensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cultura Higashiyamaensis (non est haec pagina)">Culturam Higashiyamaensem</a><a href="#cite_note-Higashiyama-23">[23]</a> (Iaponice 東山文化) evoluta est, florentem usque ad <a href="/wiki/Saeculum_16" title="Saeculum 16">saeculum XVI</a>. Nihilominus, prosper Shogunatus Ashikagae in feudalibus dominis bellicis seu <a href="/wiki/Daimyo" title="Daimyo">daimyonibus</a> (Iaponice:大名) dominari omisit et exarsit bellum civile, Bellum Ōninense (Iaponice 応仁の乱), anno 1467, ex quo orta est unum saeculum durans <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aetas_civitatum_bellantium_(Iaponiae)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aetas civitatum bellantium (Iaponiae) (non est haec pagina)">Aetas civitatum bellantium</a> (Iaponice 戦国時代).<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> Per <a href="/wiki/Saeculum_16" title="Saeculum 16">saeculum XVI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Portugallia" title="Portugallia">Portugallici</a> mercatores et <a href="/wiki/Societas_Iesu" title="Societas Iesu">Iesuitae</a> <a href="/wiki/Missionarius" title="Missionarius">missionarii</a> Iaponiam primum attigerunt, quod directam <a href="/wiki/Commercium" title="Commercium">commercialem</a> et <a href="/wiki/Cultura" title="Cultura">culturalem</a> commutationem inter Iaponiam et <a href="/wiki/Humanus_Cultus_Occidentalis" class="mw-redirect" title="Humanus Cultus Occidentalis">Occidentem</a> incepit. Quod <a href="/wiki/Oda_Nobunaga" class="mw-redirect" title="Oda Nobunaga">Odae Nobunaga</a> ut Europaeas technologiam et <a href="/wiki/Sclopetum" title="Sclopetum">sclopeta</a> impetraret permisit, quibus usus est ut caperentur multi alii <a href="/wiki/Daimyo" title="Daimyo">daimyones</a>. Eius imperii consolidatio quod <a href="/w/index.php?title=Periodus_Azuchiensis-Monoyamaensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periodus Azuchiensis-Monoyamaensis (non est haec pagina)">periodus Azuchiensis-Monoyamaensis</a><a href="#cite_note-Azuchiensis-25">[25]</a> (1573–1603) nucupatum est<a href="/wiki/Disputatio:Iaponia" title="Disputatio:Iaponia">?</a> coepit. Interfecto Odā Nobunaga anno <a href="/wiki/1582" title="1582">1582</a> ab <a href="/w/index.php?title=Akechi_Mitsuhide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akechi Mitsuhide (non est haec pagina)">Akechi Mitsuhide</a>, eius successor <a href="/wiki/Toyotomi_Hideyoshi" class="mw-redirect" title="Toyotomi Hideyoshi">Toyotomi Hideyoshi</a>, nationem anno 1590 coniunxit et in <a href="/wiki/Corea" title="Corea">Coream</a> bis annis <a href="/wiki/1592" title="1592">1592</a> et <a href="/wiki/1597" title="1597">1597</a> invadere infeliciter conatus est. <a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_Ieyasu" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokugawa Ieyasu">Tokugawa Ieyasu</a> ut filii Hideyoshiani procurator meruit et usus est suo munere ut politicum militaremque adminiculum adipisceretur. Exarso bello, Ieyasu aemulam gentem in proelio in campo Sekigaharā<a href="#cite_note-Sekigahara-26">[26]</a> anno 1600 vicit. Tokugawa Ieyasu <a href="/wiki/Shogun" class="mw-redirect" title="Shogun">shogun</a> ab <a href="/wiki/Imperator_Iaponiae" title="Imperator Iaponiae">Imperatore</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Imperator_Go-Yozei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imperator Go-Yozei (non est haec pagina)">Go-Yōzei</a> anno 1603 designatus est et <a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_Bakufu" title="Tokugawa Bakufu">Shogunatum Tokugawae</a> <a href="/wiki/Tokium" title="Tokium">Edone</a> (hodierni Tokii) statuit.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> Hic <a href="/wiki/Shogun" class="mw-redirect" title="Shogun">shogunatus</a> consilia pertulit; inclusis <a href="/w/index.php?title=Buke_shohatto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Buke shohatto (non est haec pagina)">buke shohatto</a>, codice morum ad dominandum <a href="/wiki/Daimyo" title="Daimyo">daimyonibus</a>,<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> et anno 1639 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Segregationismus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Segregationismus (non est haec pagina)">segregationistico</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sakoku&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sakoku (non est haec pagina)">sakoku</a> (scilicet "clausa natio") programmate quod duo et dimidio saecula tenuis politicae unitatis <a href="/w/index.php?title=Periodus_Edoensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periodus Edoensis (non est haec pagina)">periodum Edoensem</a><a href="#cite_note-Edo-29">[29]</a> (1603–1868) nuncupata diffudit.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> Scientiarum <a href="/wiki/Humanus_Cultus_Occidentalis" class="mw-redirect" title="Humanus Cultus Occidentalis">Occidentalium</a> studium, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rangaku&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rangaku (non est haec pagina)">rangaku</a> (Iaponice 蘭学) nuncupatum, per contactum <a href="/wiki/Nederlandia" title="Nederlandia">Nederlandicā</a> cum <a href="/wiki/Inclavatura_et_exclavatura" title="Inclavatura et exclavatura">inclavaturā</a> <a href="/wiki/Insula_Dezima" title="Insula Dezima">Dezimae</a> <a href="/wiki/Nagasacum" title="Nagasacum">Nagasaci</a> perrexit. Periodus Edoensis etiam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kokugaku&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kokugaku (non est haec pagina)">kokugaku</a> (scilicet "nationalia studia", Iaponice 国学), Iaponiae studium ab Iaponicis, genuit. <a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aetas_recens">Aetas recens</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Recensere partem: Aetas recens" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Aetas recens">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Meiji_emperor_color.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Meiji_emperor_color.jpg/250px-Meiji_emperor_color.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Meiji_emperor_color.jpg/330px-Meiji_emperor_color.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Meiji_emperor_color.jpg/500px-Meiji_emperor_color.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="857" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mutsuhito" title="Mutsuhito">Imperator Meiji</a> (1868–1912), in cuius nomine imperiale regimen <a href="/wiki/Restauratio_Meiji" title="Restauratio Meiji">restauratum</a> est, finito <a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_Bakufu" title="Tokugawa Bakufu">Tokugawae shogunato</a>.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/31_Martii" title="31 Martii">Pridie Kalendas Aprilis</a> anni <a href="/wiki/1854" title="1854">1854</a>, <a href="/wiki/Matthaeus_Calbraith_Perry" title="Matthaeus Calbraith Perry">Matthaeus Calbraith Perry</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Classis_praefectus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Classis praefectus (non est haec pagina)">classis praefectus</a> et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Naves_Nigrae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naves Nigrae (non est haec pagina)">Naves Nigrae</a> (Iaponice 黒船) <a href="/wiki/Civitates_Foederatae" class="mw-redirect" title="Civitates Foederatae">Civitatum Foederatarum</a> Iaponiam se externo mundo aperire coegerunt, <a href="/wiki/Conventio_Kanagawa" title="Conventio Kanagawa">Conventione Kanagavensi</a> facta. Consequentia similia foedera <a href="/wiki/Humanus_Cultus_Occidentalis" class="mw-redirect" title="Humanus Cultus Occidentalis">Occidentalibus</a> cum nationibus per <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bakumatsu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bakumatsu (non est haec pagina)">periodum Bakumatsu</a> oeconomicam politicamque crises apportavit. <a href="/wiki/Shogun" class="mw-redirect" title="Shogun">Shogunis</a> abdicatio ut <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bellum_Boshin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bellum Boshin (non est haec pagina)">Bellum Boshin</a> (Iaponice 戊辰戦争) exarderet et civitas centralizata nominatim penes <a href="/wiki/Imperator_Iaponiae" title="Imperator Iaponiae">Imperatorem</a> unificata (<a href="/wiki/Restauratio_Meiji" title="Restauratio Meiji">Restauratio Meiji</a>) statueretur induxit. <a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> Cum per activum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Occidentalizatio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Occidentalizatio (non est haec pagina)">Occidentalizationis</a> processum<a href="/wiki/Disputatio:Iaponia" title="Disputatio:Iaponia">?</a> per <a href="/wiki/Restauratio_Meiji" title="Restauratio Meiji">Restaurationem Meiji</a> anno <a href="/wiki/1868" title="1868">1868</a> se mersisset, Iaponia <a href="/wiki/Humanus_Cultus_Occidentalis" class="mw-redirect" title="Humanus Cultus Occidentalis">Occidentalia</a> politica, iudicialia, militariaque <a href="/wiki/Institutum" title="Institutum">instituta</a> adoptavit<a href="/wiki/Disputatio:Iaponia" title="Disputatio:Iaponia">?</a> et <a href="/wiki/Cultura_Occidentalis" class="mw-redirect" title="Cultura Occidentalis">Occidentalia culturalia</a> pondera <a href="/wiki/Traditio" title="Traditio">traditionali</a> culturā hodiernae <a href="/wiki/Industrializatio" title="Industrializatio">industrializationi</a> commixta sunt. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Consistorium_Iaponicum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Consistorium Iaponicum (non est haec pagina)">Consistorium</a> (Iaponice 内閣) <a href="/w/index.php?title=Concilium_Privatum_Iaponicum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Concilium Privatum Iaponicum (non est haec pagina)">Concilium Privatum</a> (Iaponice 枢密院) ordinavit, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitutio_Meiji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitutio Meiji (non est haec pagina)">Constitutionem Meiji</a> (Iaponice 明治憲法) induxit et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diaeta_Nationalis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diaeta Nationalis (non est haec pagina)">Diaetam Nationalem</a> (Iaponice 国会) composuit. Restauratio Meiji <a href="/wiki/Imperium_Iaponicum" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperium Iaponicum">Imperium Iaponicum</a> in industrializatam mundanam civitatem potentiorem vertit quae persecuta est militarem conflictum ut expansderetur eius sphaera affectionis. Quamquam Francia et Britanniarum Regnum attentionis monstraverunt, Europaeae potentiores civitates Iaponiam valde neglexerunt et magis incubuerunt in maiores Sinarum illecebras. Francia etiam impedita erat suis ruinis in Mexico et suis cladibus a <a href="/wiki/Germania" title="Germania">Germanis</a>.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> Post victorias in <a href="/wiki/Primum_Bellum_Sino-Iaponense" title="Primum Bellum Sino-Iaponense">Primo Bello Sino-Iaponensi</a> (1894–1895) et in <a href="/wiki/Bellum_Russo-Iaponicum" title="Bellum Russo-Iaponicum">Bello Russo-Iaponico</a> (1904–1905), Iaponia dominium in <a href="/wiki/Taivania" class="mw-redirect" title="Taivania">Taivaniam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Corea" title="Corea">Coream</a> et meridionale <a href="/wiki/Sachalina" title="Sachalina">Sachalinae</a> dimidium adepta est.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> Imperialisticum praeter successum, Iaponia quoque plurimam pecuniam in suum proprium oeconomicum incrementum collocavit, quod adduxit ad periodum oeconomicae prosperitatis hac in natione durantem usque ad <a href="/wiki/Depressio_oeconomica_magna" title="Depressio oeconomica magna">Depressionem magnam</a>.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> Iaponiensis <a href="/wiki/Numerus_incolarum" title="Numerus incolarum">numerus incolarum</a> e 35 <a href="/wiki/Millio" class="mw-redirect" title="Millio">millionibus</a> anno 1873 in 70 milliones anno 1935 crevit.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Pacific_Area_-_The_Imperial_Powers_1939_-_Map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Pacific_Area_-_The_Imperial_Powers_1939_-_Map.svg/250px-Pacific_Area_-_The_Imperial_Powers_1939_-_Map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Pacific_Area_-_The_Imperial_Powers_1939_-_Map.svg/330px-Pacific_Area_-_The_Imperial_Powers_1939_-_Map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Pacific_Area_-_The_Imperial_Powers_1939_-_Map.svg/500px-Pacific_Area_-_The_Imperial_Powers_1939_-_Map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1039" data-file-height="814" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Imperium_Iaponicum" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperium Iaponicum">Imperium Iaponicum</a> anno 1939, (tabula Anglice adnotata).</figcaption></figure> Per <a href="/wiki/Primum_bellum_mundanum" title="Primum bellum mundanum">primum bellum mundanum</a>, Iaponia se <a href="/w/index.php?title=Civitates_foederatae_primi_belli_mundani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Civitates foederatae primi belli mundani (non est haec pagina)">Civitatibus foederatis primi belli mundani</a> iunxit et a <a href="/wiki/Imperium_Germanicum_(1871-1918)" title="Imperium Germanicum (1871-1918)">Germanis</a> subactas terras cepit et progressa est versus <a href="/wiki/Sinae" class="mw-disambig" title="Sinae">Sinas</a>. Ineunte <a href="/wiki/Saeculum_20" title="Saeculum 20">saeculo XX</a> periodus <a href="/w/index.php?title=Periodus_Taishoensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periodus Taishoensis (non est haec pagina)">democratiae Taishoensis</a><a href="#cite_note-Taishoensis-37">[37]</a> (1912–1926, Iaponice 大正時代) visus est, sed <a href="/wiki/Anni_1920" title="Anni 1920">annis 1920</a> visa est fragilis democratia politicae transmutationi versus <a href="/wiki/Statismus" title="Statismus">statismum</a>, latas leges politicum contra dissensum et seriem conandorum <a href="/wiki/Subitanea_rerum_conversio" class="mw-redirect" title="Subitanea rerum conversio">subitanearum conversionum</a> succumbere. Hic processus festinavit per <a href="/wiki/Anni_1930" title="Anni 1930">annos 1930</a>, implicando numero novorum gregum Nationalisticorum Radicalium qui participabant hostilitatem contra liberalem democratiam et dedicationem expansioni per Asiam. Iaponienses <a href="/w/index.php?title=Expansionismus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Expansionismus (non est haec pagina)">expansionismus</a> et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Militarizatio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Militarizatio (non est haec pagina)">militarizatio</a> iuxta cum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Totalitarismus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Totalitarismus (non est haec pagina)">totalitarismo</a> et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultranationalismus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ultranationalismus (non est haec pagina)">ultranationalismo</a> nationem diffinxerunt. Anno 1931, Iaponia in <a href="/wiki/Mandshuria" title="Mandshuria">Mandshuriam</a> invasit et eam cepit et, factā internationali huius occupationis reprobatione, anno 1933 <a href="/wiki/Confoederatio_Nationum" title="Confoederatio Nationum">Confoederationem Nationum</a> reliquit. Anno 1936, Iaponia <a href="/wiki/Pactum_Antikomintern" title="Pactum Antikomintern">Pactum Antikomintern</a> cum <a href="/wiki/Imperium_Germanicum_(1933-1945)" title="Imperium Germanicum (1933-1945)">Germaniā</a> obsignavit et, anno 1940, <a href="/wiki/Foedus_Trium_Imperiorum" title="Foedus Trium Imperiorum">Foedus Trium Imperiorum</a> eam unam e <a href="/wiki/Potestates_Axis" title="Potestates Axis">Potestatibus Axis</a> fecit. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Umezu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Umezu.jpg/220px-Umezu.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Umezu.jpg/330px-Umezu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Umezu.jpg/440px-Umezu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="687" data-file-height="727" /></a><figcaption>Iaponenses officiales <a href="/w/index.php?title=Civitates_foederatae_Primi_belli_mundani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Civitates foederatae Primi belli mundani (non est haec pagina)">Foederatis</a> die 2 Septembris anni 1945, in Sinu Tokiensi se dedentes, finito Secundo bello mundano.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Imperium_Iaponicum" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperium Iaponicum">Imperium Iaponicum</a> in alias Sinarum partes anno 1937 invasit, quod <a href="/wiki/Secundum_Bellum_Sino-Iaponense" title="Secundum Bellum Sino-Iaponense">Secundum Bellum Sino-Iaponense</a> (1937–1945) praecipitavit. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Exercitus_Imperialis_Iaponensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Exercitus Imperialis Iaponensis (non est haec pagina)">Exercitus Imperialis Iaponensis</a> (Iaponice 大日本帝國陸軍) cito caput <a href="/wiki/Nanchinum" title="Nanchinum">Nanchinum</a> cepit et exercuit <a href="/w/index.php?title=Caedes_Nanchinensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Caedes Nanchinensis (non est haec pagina)">Caedem Nanchinensem</a>.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> Anno 1940, cum Imperium Iaponicum in <a href="/wiki/Indosina_Francica" title="Indosina Francica">Indosinam Francicam</a> invasisset, <a href="/wiki/Civitates_Foederatae_Americae" title="Civitates Foederatae Americae">Civitates Foederatae</a> Iaponiae petroleosi commercii prohibitionem imposuerunt. <a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> Diebus 7 et 8 Decembris anni 1941, Iaponenses vires improvisos impetūs in <a href="/wiki/Portus_Margaritarum" title="Portus Margaritarum">Portum Margaritarum</a> viresque <a href="/wiki/Imperium_Britannicum" title="Imperium Britannicum">Britannicas</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaya_Britannica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malaya Britannica (non est haec pagina)">Malayā Britannicā</a>, <a href="/wiki/Singapura" title="Singapura">Singapurae</a> et <a href="/wiki/Hongcongum" title="Hongcongum">Hongcongi</a> fecerunt; et bellum decrevit <a href="/wiki/Civitates_Foederatae_Americae" title="Civitates Foederatae Americae">Civitatibus Foederatis</a> et <a href="/wiki/Imperium_Britannicum" title="Imperium Britannicum">Imperio Britannico</a>, quod implicavit Civitates Foederatas et Britanniarum Regnum in <a href="/wiki/Secundum_bellum_mundanum" title="Secundum bellum mundanum">Secundum bellum mundanum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Oceanus_Pacificus" title="Oceanus Pacificus">Pacifico</a>. Cum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Civitates_foederatae_Secundi_belli_mundani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Civitates foederatae Secundi belli mundani (non est haec pagina)">Civitates foederatae Secundi belli mundani</a> paulatim in Pacifico per insequentes quattuor annos vicissent, quod finitum est cum <a href="/wiki/Unio_Rerum_Publicarum_Sovieticarum_Socialisticarum" title="Unio Rerum Publicarum Sovieticarum Socialisticarum">Sovieticā</a> invasione in <a href="/wiki/Mandshuria" title="Mandshuria">Mandshuriā</a> et cum <a href="/wiki/Hirosima" title="Hirosima">Hirosimā</a> et <a href="/wiki/Nagasacum" title="Nagasacum">Nagasaco</a> adortis <a href="/wiki/Bomba_atomica" title="Bomba atomica">bombis atomicis</a> anno <a href="/wiki/1945" title="1945">1945</a>, Iaponia consentivit de deditione inconditionali die <a href="/wiki/15_Augusti" title="15 Augusti">15 Augusti</a>.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> Bellum Iaponiae, eius coloniis, Sinis aliisque civitatibus pugnantibus decem <a href="/wiki/Millio" class="mw-redirect" title="Millio">millionibus</a> vitarum amissarum stetit et reliquit multas Iaponiensium industriae infrastructuraeque dirutas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Civitates_foederatae_Secundi_belli_mundani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Civitates foederatae Secundi belli mundani (non est haec pagina)">Civitates foederatae Secundi belli mundani</a> (a Civitatibus Foederatis ductae) milliones ethnicorum Iaponensium e coloniis militaribusque campis totam per Asiam repatriaverunt, valde eliminando Imperio Iaponico et restituendā independentiā captorum territoriorum.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> Civitates foederatae etiam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tribunal_militare_internationale_Orientis_extremi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tribunal militare internationale Orientis extremi (non est haec pagina)">Tribunal militare internationale Orientis extremi</a> die <a href="/wiki/3_Maii" title="3 Maii">3 Maii</a> anni 1946 ad prosequendos aliquos seniores generales <a href="/wiki/Scelus_bellicum" title="Scelus bellicum">scelerum bellicorum</a> accusatos convocaverunt. Anno 1947, Iaponia novam <a href="/wiki/Constitutio" title="Constitutio">constitutionem</a> emphasim in liberalibus democraticis usibus ponentem adoptavit. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Civitates_foederatae_Secundi_belli_mundani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Civitates foederatae Secundi belli mundani (non est haec pagina)">Foederata</a> Iaponiae occupatio finivit, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Foedus_Franciscopolitanum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Foedus Franciscopolitanum (non est haec pagina)">Foedere Franciscopolitano</a> facto anno 1952.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> et Iaponia admissa est socia <a href="/wiki/Nationes_Unitae" title="Nationes Unitae">Nationum Unitarum</a> anno 1956. Iaponia postea rapidum incrementum consecuta est quoad facta est secunda maxima oeconomia in toto orbe mundano, quamquam anno 2010 superata est a <a href="/wiki/Res_publica_popularis_Sinarum" title="Res publica popularis Sinarum">Re publicā populari Sinarum</a>. Quod totum finem cepit medios annos 1990, cum Iaponia magnā recessione affecta est. Ineunte saeculum XXI, positivum incrementum gradualem oeconomicam recuperationem signavit.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> Die 11 Martii anni 2011, Iaponia uno e maximis <a href="/wiki/Terrae_motus" title="Terrae motus">terrae motibus</a> in suā historiā perscriptā affecta est; quod <a href="/wiki/Clades_Nuclearis_Fukushima_Daiichi" title="Clades Nuclearis Fukushima Daiichi">Cladem Nuclearem Fukushimae Daiichi</a>, unam apud maximas clades in <a href="/wiki/Energia_nuclearis" title="Energia nuclearis">energiae nuclearis</a> historiā, concitavit.<a href="#cite_note-Fackler-44">[44]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geographia">Geographia</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Recensere partem: Geographia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Geographia">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Carte_topographique_du_Japon-fr.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Carte_topographique_du_Japon-fr.svg/250px-Carte_topographique_du_Japon-fr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Carte_topographique_du_Japon-fr.svg/330px-Carte_topographique_du_Japon-fr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Carte_topographique_du_Japon-fr.svg/500px-Carte_topographique_du_Japon-fr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2322" data-file-height="2107" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Charta" title="Charta">Charta</a> Iaponiae (<a href="/wiki/Francice" class="mw-redirect" title="Francice">Francice</a> et <a href="/wiki/Iaponice" class="mw-redirect" title="Iaponice">Iaponice</a> adnotata).</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Satellite_View_of_Japan_1999.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Satellite_View_of_Japan_1999.jpg/220px-Satellite_View_of_Japan_1999.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="281" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Satellite_View_of_Japan_1999.jpg/330px-Satellite_View_of_Japan_1999.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Satellite_View_of_Japan_1999.jpg/440px-Satellite_View_of_Japan_1999.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1638" data-file-height="2092" /></a><figcaption>Archipelagus Iaponicum e satellite visum.</figcaption></figure> Iaponiae est summa 6 852 insularum praeter <a href="/wiki/Oceanus_Pacificus" title="Oceanus Pacificus">Pacifica</a> litora. Est circiter 3 000 chiliometra aut 1 900 milia passuum longa e <a href="/wiki/Mare_Ochotense" title="Mare Ochotense">Mari Ochotensi</a> usque ad <a href="/wiki/Mare_Philippinense" title="Mare Philippinense">Mare Philippinense</a> in <a href="/wiki/Oceanus_Pacificus" title="Oceanus Pacificus">Oceano Pacifico</a>. <a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> Natio, inclusis omnibus insulis quas moderatur, inter latitudines 24° et 46° a septentrione et longitudines 122º et 146º ab oriente iacet. Praecipuae insulae, e septentrione versus meridiem, <a href="/wiki/Esonia" title="Esonia">Esonia</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> (Iaponice 北海道), <a href="/wiki/Honsua" title="Honsua">Honsua</a> seu <a href="/wiki/Honsium" class="mw-redirect" title="Honsium">Honsium</a> seu <a href="/wiki/Honshu" class="mw-redirect" title="Honshu">Honshu</a> (Iaponice:本州), <a href="/wiki/Insula_Shikokuensis" title="Insula Shikokuensis">Insula Shikokuensis</a><a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> seu <a href="/wiki/Sicocus" class="mw-redirect" title="Sicocus">Sicocus</a><a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> seu <a href="/wiki/Sicocum" class="mw-redirect" title="Sicocum">Sicocum</a> seu <a href="/wiki/Shikoku" class="mw-redirect" title="Shikoku">Shikoku</a> (Iaponice: 四国) et <a href="/wiki/Ximum" title="Ximum">Ximum</a> <a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> seu <a href="/wiki/Ximoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Ximoa">Ximoa</a><a href="#cite_note-Ximoa-51">[51]</a> (Iaponice 九州) sunt. Quarum amplissima Honsua, minima autem Shikoku, quae a ceteris insulis mari interiori, quod <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mare_Internum_Setoense&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mare Internum Setoense (non est haec pagina)">Mare Internum Setoense</a><a href="#cite_note-Setoensis-52">[52]</a> (Iaponice 瀬戸内海 ) appellatur, secreta est. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Insulae_Ryukyuenses&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Insulae Ryukyuenses (non est haec pagina)">Insulae Ryukyuenses</a><a href="#cite_note-Ryukyuensis-53">[53]</a> (Iaponice 琉球諸島 seu 南西諸島), apud quas est <a href="/wiki/Okinawa" title="Okinawa">Okinawa</a><a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> (Iaponice: 沖縄), catena a meridie <a href="/wiki/Ximum" title="Ximum">Ximi</a> sunt. Haud longe a Ximo et <a href="/wiki/Tsusima" title="Tsusima">Tsusima</a> insula iacet in <a href="/wiki/Fretum_Coreanum" title="Fretum Coreanum">freto Coreano</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Insulae_Nanpoenses&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Insulae Nanpoenses (non est haec pagina)">Insulae Nanpoenses</a><a href="#cite_note-Nanpoensis-55">[55]</a> (Iaponice 南方諸島) a praecipuarum Iaponiensium insularum meridie sunt. Omnes coniuncte crebro archipelagus Iaponicum nuncupantur<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> (vide et <a href="/wiki/Index_Insularum_Iaponiae" title="Index Insularum Iaponiae">indicem insularum Iaponiae</a>). Anno 2018, Iaponicum territorium 377 973.89 chiliometra quadrata aut 145 936.53 milia passuum quadratorum erat <a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> Est maxima insularis natio in <a href="/wiki/Asia_orientalis" title="Asia orientalis">Asiā orientali</a>. Iaponia sextam maximam lineam litoralem in toto orbe mundano (29 752 chiliometra seu 18 486 milia passuum) habet. Ei limites terrestres non sunt. Propter multas longissime sparsas periphericas insulas, Iaponia octavam maximam Zonam Oeconomicam Exclusivam in toto orbe mundano habet, quae 4 470 000 chiliometra quadrata seu 1 730 000 milia passuum quadratorum tegit.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> Insula <a href="/wiki/Honsua" title="Honsua">Honsua</a>, longe ceteris latior, in quinque per longitudinem dividitur regiones, quarum primum ad occasum solis <a href="/w/index.php?title=Regio_Chugokuensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Regio Chugokuensis (non est haec pagina)">Regio Chugokuensis</a> <a href="#cite_note-Chugokuensis-59">[59]</a> (Iaponice 中国地方), quae <a href="/wiki/Ximum" title="Ximum">Ximum</a> attingit urbemque praeclaram tenet <a href="/wiki/Hirosima" title="Hirosima">Hirosimam</a>; deinde <a href="/w/index.php?title=Regio_Kansaiensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Regio Kansaiensis (non est haec pagina)">Regio Kansaiensis</a><a href="#cite_note-Kansaiensis-60">[60]</a> (Iaponice 関西地方 vel 近畿地方) appellata, ubi positum est <a href="/wiki/Kyotum" title="Kyotum">Kyotum</a> et <a href="/wiki/Osaka" class="mw-redirect" title="Osaka">Osaka</a>; tum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Regio_Chubuensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Regio Chubuensis (non est haec pagina)">Regio Chubuensis</a><a href="#cite_note-Chubuensis-61">[61]</a> (Iaponice 中部地方); porro <a href="/w/index.php?title=Regio_Quantoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Regio Quantoa (non est haec pagina)">Regio Quantoa</a><a href="#cite_note-Quantoa-62">[62]</a> seu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Regio_Kantoensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Regio Kantoensis (non est haec pagina)">Kantoënsis</a><a href="#cite_note-Kantoensis-63">[63]</a> (Iaponice 関東地方), quae, cum Tokium maximam urbem teneat, famae ceteras antecedit; denique <a href="/wiki/Tohoku" class="mw-redirect" title="Tohoku">Regio Tohokuensis</a> (Iaponice 東北地方), haud procul ab <a href="/wiki/Esonia" title="Esonia">Esoniā</a> absens. Maxima Iaponorum pars, quae 72 fere centesimae pagorum Iaponiae montani sunt loci, urbes habitant, quarum princeps et quae plurimi incolae habet urbs <a href="/wiki/Tokium" title="Tokium">Tokium</a> est. Ceterum permulti sunt qui in regione Kansaiensi incolant. Urbes amplissimae sunt <a href="/wiki/Tokium" title="Tokium">Tokium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yokohama" title="Yokohama">Yokohama</a><a href="#cite_note-Yokohama-64">[64]</a> , <a href="/wiki/Osaka" class="mw-redirect" title="Osaka">Osaka</a><a href="#cite_note-Osakensis-65">[65]</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sapporum" title="Sapporum">Sapporum</a><a href="#cite_note-Sapporum-66">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kobe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kobe (non est haec pagina)">Kobe</a><a href="#cite_note-Kobensis-68">[68]</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kyotum" title="Kyotum">Kyotum</a><a href="#cite_note-Kyotum-69">[69]</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fukuoka" title="Fukuoka">Fukuoka</a><a href="#cite_note-Fukuokaensis-70">[70]</a>. 73% Iaponici territorii silvis montibusque componuntur, quod id non idoneum agriculturali, industriali aut residentiali usui facit.<a href="#cite_note-CIA-71">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> Praecipuum montuosum iugum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alpes_Iaponicae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alpes Iaponicae (non est haec pagina)">Alpibus Iaponicis</a> constituitur, quae sitae sunt super fossā tectonicā Itoigawano-Shizuokaensi<a href="#cite_note-Shizuokaensis-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-Alpi-74">[74]</a> Pleraque culmina, asperis abruptisque apicibus depicta, surgunt et aliquando fere 3 000 metra altitudinis superant<a href="#cite_note-Alpi-74">[74]</a> (altissimum culmen <a href="/wiki/Mons_Fusius" class="mw-redirect" title="Mons Fusius">Mons Fusius</a>, Iaponice 富士山, est).<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> Planities, e quibus planities Kantoensis<a href="#cite_note-Kantoensis-63">[63]</a> vastissima est, iuxta litus aut intestinas valles sitae sunt.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> Iaponenses insulae <a href="/wiki/Mons_ignifer" title="Mons ignifer">vulcanicā</a> in regione intra <a href="/wiki/Oceanus_Pacificus" title="Oceanus Pacificus">Pacifici</a> <a href="/wiki/Circulus_Ignis_Pacificus" title="Circulus Ignis Pacificus">Circulum Ignis</a> inveniuntur. Quae ortae sunt praesertim e magnis oceanicis motibus verificatis per centenarios numeros millionum annorum, e medio <a href="/wiki/Silurium" title="Silurium">Silurio</a> usque ad <a href="/wiki/Pleistocaenum" title="Pleistocaenum">Pleistocaenum</a>, propter <a href="/w/index.php?title=Subductio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Subductio (non est haec pagina)">subductionem</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lamina_Philippiniana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lamina Philippiniana (non est haec pagina)">Laminae Philippinianae</a><a href="#cite_note-Alcuinus-77">[77]</a> sub <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lamina_Amurana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lamina Amurana (non est haec pagina)">Laminam Amuranam</a><a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> ac <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lamina_Okinawa%C3%ABnsis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lamina Okinawaënsis (non est haec pagina)">Laminam Okinawaënsem</a><a href="#cite_note-Okinawaënsis-79">[79]</a> a meridie et propter subductionem <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lamina_Oceani_Pacifici&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lamina Oceani Pacifici (non est haec pagina)">Laminae Oceani Pacifici</a><a href="#cite_note-Alcuinus-77">[77]</a> sub <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lamina_Ochotensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lamina Ochotensis (non est haec pagina)">Laminam Ochotensem</a><a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> a septentrione. Iaponia in principio iuncta erat orientali continentis <a href="/wiki/Eurasia" title="Eurasia">Eurasiae</a> litori. Oceanici motūs Iaponiam versus orientem pepulerunt, quod <a href="/wiki/Mare_Iaponicum" title="Mare Iaponicum">Mare Iaponicum</a> circa 15 milliones annorum abhinc formavit.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> Iaponia 165 montes igniferos habet, e quibus 108 activi.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> <a href="/wiki/Terrae_motus" title="Terrae motus">Terrae motūs</a> calamitosi, crebro consequentibus cum <a href="/wiki/Megacyma" title="Megacyma">megacymatibus</a>, magis magisque in singula saecula verificantur.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnus_Terrae_Motus_Kanto%C3%ABnsis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Magnus Terrae Motus Kantoënsis (non est haec pagina)">Magnus Terrae Motus Kantoënsis</a><a href="#cite_note-Kantoensis-63">[63]</a> anno 1923 amplius 140 000 hominum occidit. <a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> Recentiores apud <a href="/wiki/Terrae_motus" title="Terrae motus">terrae motūs</a> praecipuos <a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnus_Terrae_Motus_Kobensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Magnus Terrae Motus Kobensis (non est haec pagina)">Magnus Terrae Motus Kobensis</a> anni 1995<a href="#cite_note-Kobensis-68">[68]</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kyotum" title="Kyotum">Kyotum</a><a href="#cite_note-Kyotum-69">[69]</a> anni 1995 et <a href="/wiki/Terrae_motus_Tohoku" title="Terrae motus Tohoku">Magnus Terrae Motus Tohokuensis</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> diei 11 Martii 2011 commemorati sunt. Hic ultimus magnitudinem 9,0 perscribere fecit, <a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> e quo natum est giganteum <a href="/wiki/Megacyma" title="Megacyma">megacyma</a>.<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hydrographia">Hydrographia</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Recensere partem: Hydrographia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Hydrographia">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Shinano_river.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Shinano_river.JPG/220px-Shinano_river.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Shinano_river.JPG/330px-Shinano_river.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Shinano_river.JPG/440px-Shinano_river.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flumen_Shinano%C3%ABnse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flumen Shinanoënse (non est haec pagina)">Fluminis Shinanoënsis</a> conspectus aërius.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Biwa_Lake.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Biwa_Lake.jpg/220px-Biwa_Lake.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Biwa_Lake.jpg/330px-Biwa_Lake.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Biwa_Lake.jpg/440px-Biwa_Lake.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Sol super <a href="/wiki/Lacus_Biwa" title="Lacus Biwa">lacum Biwam</a> oritur.</figcaption></figure> Angustam prolongatamque ob conformationem Iaponensium insularum, flumina hanc nationem transeuntia plerumque brevia sunt. Quae, praeterea, copiosa per vernalem nivis liquefactionem aut aestivales pluvias sunt, facta sunt nihilominus exigui cursūs aquae <a href="/w/index.php?title=Siccum_(tempus_anni)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siccum (tempus anni) (non est haec pagina)">siccum</a> per tempus; pauca profunditas et crebri praecipites aquae cursūs navigationem solum levissimis navibus permittunt. Longissimum flumen est <a href="/w/index.php?title=Flumen_Shinano%C3%ABnse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flumen Shinanoënse (non est haec pagina)">Shinanoënse</a><a href="#cite_note-Shinanoensis-89">[89]</a> (Iaponice 信濃川 seu 千曲川), in insulā <a href="/wiki/Honsua" title="Honsua">Honsuā</a>, cum cursū circa 370 chiliometra longo; <a href="#cite_note-Idrografia-90">[90]</a> hāc in insulā alia praecipua flumina <a href="/w/index.php?title=Flumen_Tonense&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flumen Tonense (non est haec pagina)">Tonense</a><a href="#cite_note-Tonensis-91">[91]</a> (Iaponice 利根川), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Flumen_Kitakamiense&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flumen Kitakamiense (non est haec pagina)">Kitakamiense</a><a href="#cite_note-Kitakamiensis-92">[92]</a> (Iaponice 北上川), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Flumen_Tenryuense&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flumen Tenryuense (non est haec pagina)">Tenryense</a><a href="#cite_note-Tenryuensis-93">[93]</a> (Iaponice 天竜川), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Flumen_Mogamiense&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flumen Mogamiense (non est haec pagina)">Mogamiense</a><a href="#cite_note-Mogamiensis-94">[94]</a> (Iaponice 最上川) sunt.<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> Praecipua apud flumina in <a href="/wiki/Esonia" title="Esonia">Esoniā</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Flumen_Ishikariense&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flumen Ishikariense (non est haec pagina)">Flumen Ishikariense</a><a href="#cite_note-Ishikariensis-96">[96]</a> (Iaponice 石狩川), secundum Iaponicum flumen propter suae <a href="/wiki/Pelvis_hydrographica" title="Pelvis hydrographica">pelvis hydrographicae</a> extensionem,<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> est; praeter <a href="/w/index.php?title=Flumen_Teshio%C3%ABnse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flumen Teshioënse (non est haec pagina)">Flumen Teshioënse</a><a href="#cite_note-Teshioensis-98">[98]</a> (Iaponice 天塩川) et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Flumen_Tokachiense&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flumen Tokachiense (non est haec pagina)">Flumen Tokachiense</a><a href="#cite_note-Tokachiensis-99">[99]</a> (Iaponice 十勝川).<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Flumen_Yoshino%C3%ABnse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flumen Yoshinoënse (non est haec pagina)">Flumen Yoshinoënse</a><a href="#cite_note-Yoshinoensis-101">[101]</a> (Iaponice 吉野川) maximum flumen <a href="/wiki/Insula_Shikokuensis" title="Insula Shikokuensis">insulae Shikokuensis</a> est.<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> Numerosi lacūs sunt, aliqui <a href="/wiki/Mons_ignifer" title="Mons ignifer">vulcanicae</a> originis, qui crebro in exstinctorum <a href="/wiki/Mons_ignifer" title="Mons ignifer">montium igniferorum</a> <a href="/wiki/Caldera" title="Caldera">calderis</a> formantur et alii formantur ex obicibus fluvialium vallium; plerique siti sunt in montibus, ubi loca mansionis aestivae crebro facti sunt. Praecipuus est <a href="/wiki/Lacus_Biwa" title="Lacus Biwa">Lacus Biwa</a><a href="#cite_note-Biwaensis-103">[103]</a> (Iaponice 琵琶湖), in insulā <a href="/wiki/Honsua" title="Honsua">Honsuā</a>, quae superficiem 670 chiliometrorum quadratorum et profunditatem 104 metrorum habet.<a href="#cite_note-Idrografia-90">[90]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Clima">Clima</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Recensere partem: Clima" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Clima">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Castle_Himeji_sakura02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Castle_Himeji_sakura02.jpg/220px-Castle_Himeji_sakura02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Castle_Himeji_sakura02.jpg/330px-Castle_Himeji_sakura02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Castle_Himeji_sakura02.jpg/440px-Castle_Himeji_sakura02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prunus_serrulata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prunus serrulata (non est haec pagina)">Pruni serrulatae</a> floritio per <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hanami&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hanami (non est haec pagina)">hanami</a> (Iaponice 花見).</figcaption></figure> Iaponicum <a href="/wiki/Clima" title="Clima">clima</a> plerumque <a href="/wiki/Zona_temperata" title="Zona temperata">temperatum</a> est, sed sensili modo e septentrione versus meridiem variat. Temperatura media hiemalis 5,1ºC est, media autem aestivalis 25,2ºC. <a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> Altissima temperatura in Iaponiā mensurata 41ºC est, <a href="/wiki/12_Augusti" title="12 Augusti">pridie Idūs Augustas</a> anni 2013 perscrita.<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> <a href="/wiki/Umidum_(tempus_anni)" class="mw-redirect" title="Umidum (tempus anni)">Tempus pluviarum</a> mense Maio <a href="/w/index.php?title=Insulae_Okinawa%C3%ABnses&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Insulae Okinawaënses (non est haec pagina)">insulis Okinawaënsibus</a><a href="#cite_note-Okinawaënsis-79">[79]</a> incipit. Fundamentaliter, potest dividi hoc archipelagus dissimiles in regiones sex, quae sunt: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Esonia" title="Esonia">Esonia</a><a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a><a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a>, in septentrionali huius archipelagi extremitate sita, cum hiemibus rigidis et aestatibus frigidulis cum climate praesertim montano. Praecipitationes normales sunt, excepto hieme cum insulae solite nive sepultae sunt.</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mare_Iaponicum" title="Mare Iaponicum">Mare Iaponicum</a> ab occidente. Hieme ingentes ningores sunt propter ventos qui aestate frigidulis in auris hanc regionem obecerunt. Nihilominus, temperaturae aliquando elevata reliqua attingere possunt (typica regionum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Effectus_Favonii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Effectus Favonii (non est haec pagina)">Favonio</a> attactarum). <a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Insula media; cum climate typico intimarum partium insularum, cum repentinis temperaturae saltibus ex aestate in hiemem et e diem in noctem. Paucae praecipitationes.</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mare_Internum_Setoense&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mare Internum Setoense (non est haec pagina)">Mare Internum Setoense</a><a href="#cite_note-Setoensis-52">[52]</a> (Iaponice 瀬戸内海 ), ubi marina regio inter <a href="/wiki/Honsua" title="Honsua">Honsuam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sicocus" class="mw-redirect" title="Sicocus">Sicocum</a> et <a href="/wiki/Ximum" title="Ximum">Ximum</a> montibus <a href="/w/index.php?title=Regio_Chugokuensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Regio Chugokuensis (non est haec pagina)">Chugokuensibus</a> <a href="#cite_note-Chugokuensis-59">[59]</a> et <a href="/wiki/Insula_Shikokuensis" title="Insula Shikokuensis">Shikokuensibus</a><a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> ab ventis protegitur, quod hanc aream climate imprimis mite totum per annum depingit.</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oceanus_Pacificus" title="Oceanus Pacificus">Oceanus Pacificus</a>; in orientali cuius litore hiemes rigidae paucis cum praecipitationibus et aestates calidae aestuosaeque sunt.</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Insulae_Ryukyuenses&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Insulae Ryukyuenses (non est haec pagina)">Insulae Austroccidentales</a>, cuius regio <a href="/wiki/Clima_subtropicale" class="mw-redirect" title="Clima subtropicale">climate subtropicali</a> cum calidis hiemibus et adustis aestatibus depicta est. Praecipitationes abundant et crebro tunduntur <a href="/wiki/Typhon_marinus" title="Typhon marinus">typhonibus</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fauna_et_flora">Fauna et flora</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Recensere partem: Fauna et flora" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Fauna et flora">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Jigokudani_hotspring_in_Nagano_Japan_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Jigokudani_hotspring_in_Nagano_Japan_001.jpg/250px-Jigokudani_hotspring_in_Nagano_Japan_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Jigokudani_hotspring_in_Nagano_Japan_001.jpg/500px-Jigokudani_hotspring_in_Nagano_Japan_001.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macaca_fuscata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Macaca fuscata (non est haec pagina)">Macacarum fuscatarum</a> grex in fonte thermali in praefecturā <a href="/wiki/Nagano%C3%ABnsis" title="Naganoënsis">Naganoënsi</a><a href="#cite_note-Naganoënsis-110">[110]</a> se calefacit.</figcaption></figure> Est magna varietas Iaponicā in gignentiā (circa 17 000 specierum) et debetur eius <a href="/wiki/Clima" title="Clima">climati</a> et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Prominentia_terrestris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prominentia terrestris (non est haec pagina)">prominentiae terrestri</a>. <a href="/wiki/Silva" title="Silva">Silvae</a> 67 centesimae nationalis superficiei tegunt et componuntur plerumque frondosis arboribus et <a href="/wiki/Pinophyta" title="Pinophyta">pinophytis</a>: <a href="/wiki/Castanea" title="Castanea">castaneis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fagus" title="Fagus">fagis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Acer" title="Acer">aceribus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pinopsida" class="mw-redirect" title="Pinopsida">pinopsidis</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pinus_sylvestris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pinus sylvestris (non est haec pagina)">pinis sylvestribus</a> et <a href="/wiki/Larix" title="Larix">laricibus</a>, iuxta cum <a href="/wiki/Betula" title="Betula">betulis</a> et <a href="/wiki/Fraxinus" title="Fraxinus">fraxinis</a>. Ab occidente praestant pinopsidorum silvae quae prope <a href="/wiki/Bambuseae" title="Bambuseae">bambuseas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Magnolia_grandiflora" title="Magnolia grandiflora">magnolias</a> et <a href="/wiki/Castanea_sativa" title="Castanea sativa">castaneas sativas</a> crescunt. Albae et rubrae <a href="/w/index.php?title=Prunus_domestica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prunus domestica (non est haec pagina)">pruni domesticae</a>, praematurae floritionis <a href="/w/index.php?title=Prunus_avium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prunus avium (non est haec pagina)">pruni avium</a> non minus quam <a href="/wiki/Bambuseae" title="Bambuseae">bambuseae</a> et <a href="/wiki/Pinus" title="Pinus">pini</a> traditionalia huius nationis symbola factae sunt. Iaponica fauna etiam varia est et rarissima specimina inveniri possunt quae vicinis in nationibus non inveniuntur. Ad instar gignentiae, haec variatio climati et prominentiae terrestri debetur. In <a href="/w/index.php?title=Insulae_Ryukyuenses&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Insulae Ryukyuenses (non est haec pagina)">Insularum Ryukyuensium</a><a href="#cite_note-Ryukyuensis-53">[53]</a>(Iaponice 琉球諸島 seu 南西諸島) maribus, est magna varietas tropicorum piscium, <a href="/wiki/Testudo" title="Testudo">testudinum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serpens_marinus" title="Serpens marinus">serpentium marinorum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dugong" title="Dugong">dugong</a> et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Phocoena_spinipinnis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phocoena spinipinnis (non est haec pagina)">phocoenarum spinipinnium</a>... Ipsā in insulā Ryukyuensi<a href="#cite_note-Ryukyuensis-53">[53]</a> inveniuntur alia autochthonica animalia sicuti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Spilornis_cheela&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spilornis cheela (non est haec pagina)">spilornis cheela</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pteropodidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pteropodidae (non est haec pagina)">pteropodidae</a> et <a href="/wiki/Lacertilia" title="Lacertilia">lacertile</a> mimeticum.<a href="#cite_note-Fauna_japonesa-111">[111]</a> Praeterea, hanc nationem habitant numerosi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nyctereutes_procyonoides_viverrinus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus (non est haec pagina)">nyctereutae procyonoidae viverrini</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cervidae" title="Cervidae">cervidae</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aix_galericulata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aix galericulata (non est haec pagina)">aiges galericulatae</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Fauna_japonesa-111">[111]</a> Endemicas apud species invenuntur <a href="/w/index.php?title=Macaca_fuscata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Macaca fuscata (non est haec pagina)">macacae fuscatae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrias_japonicus" title="Andrias japonicus">andriae Iaponici</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Epiophlebia_superstes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epiophlebia superstes (non est haec pagina)">epiophlebiae superstites</a> et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Prionailurus_iriomotensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prionailurus iriomotensis (non est haec pagina)">prionailuri iriomotenses</a> apud alias. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Civilitas">Civilitas</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Recensere partem: Civilitas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Civilitas">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Emperor_Akihito_and_Empress_Michiko_cropped_Barack_Obama_Emperor_Akihito_and_Empress_Michiko_20140424_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Emperor_Akihito_and_Empress_Michiko_cropped_Barack_Obama_Emperor_Akihito_and_Empress_Michiko_20140424_2.jpg/220px-Emperor_Akihito_and_Empress_Michiko_cropped_Barack_Obama_Emperor_Akihito_and_Empress_Michiko_20140424_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Emperor_Akihito_and_Empress_Michiko_cropped_Barack_Obama_Emperor_Akihito_and_Empress_Michiko_20140424_2.jpg/330px-Emperor_Akihito_and_Empress_Michiko_cropped_Barack_Obama_Emperor_Akihito_and_Empress_Michiko_20140424_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Emperor_Akihito_and_Empress_Michiko_cropped_Barack_Obama_Emperor_Akihito_and_Empress_Michiko_20140424_2.jpg/440px-Emperor_Akihito_and_Empress_Michiko_cropped_Barack_Obama_Emperor_Akihito_and_Empress_Michiko_20140424_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1941" data-file-height="1540" /></a><figcaption>Imperator <a href="/wiki/Acihitus" class="mw-redirect" title="Acihitus">Acihitus</a> et <a href="/wiki/Michika" title="Michika">Michika</a> coniunx.</figcaption></figure> Ritu, ut dictum est, Iaponiae regit imperator (scilicet <a href="/wiki/Monarchia_constitutionalis" title="Monarchia constitutionalis">monarchia constitutionalis</a> est) qui adhuc ab <a href="/wiki/Jimmu" title="Jimmu">Jimmu</a> descendet, re verum autem <a href="/w/index.php?title=Primus_minister_Iaponiae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Primus minister Iaponiae (non est haec pagina)">minister princeps</a> cum comitiis legumlatorum summum imperium et potestatem tenet. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diaeta_Nationalis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diaeta Nationalis (non est haec pagina)">Diaeta Nationalis</a> (Iaponice 国会), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chiyoda_(Tokium)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chiyoda (Tokium) (non est haec pagina)">Chiyodae</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tokium" title="Tokium">Tokii</a>) sita, est legumlatorum summa comitia, quae duas dividitur in cameras: haec Camera Repraesentivorum (Iaponice 衆議院), cui legumlatores 480, illa Camera Consiliariorum (Iaponice 参議院), numero 242, qui omnes itidem suffragio universali et secreto civium annos plures quam duodeviginti<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> natorum electi sunt. Causae vel factiones praecipuae <a href="/wiki/Factio_Democratica_Liberalis" class="mw-redirect" title="Factio Democratica Liberalis">Factio Democratica Liberalis</a> (Iaponice 自民党), porro autem <a href="/w/index.php?title=Factio_Democratica_Iaponica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Factio Democratica Iaponica (non est haec pagina)">Factio Democratica Iaponica</a> (民主党), praeterea factiones minores sunt <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komeito&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Komeito (non est haec pagina)">Komeito</a> (Iaponice 公明党, vel Latine "factio aequitatis"), Factio Communistica (Iaponice 共産党), Factio ad Renovationem (Iaponice 維新の党), et ceterae. Nostro tempore imperator <a href="/wiki/Acihitus" class="mw-redirect" title="Acihitus">Acihitus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minister_princeps" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister princeps">minister princeps</a> <a href="/wiki/Shinz%C5%8D_Abe" class="mw-redirect" title="Shinzō Abe">Shinzō Abe</a><a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a>, candidatus <a href="/wiki/Factio_Democratica_Liberalis" class="mw-redirect" title="Factio Democratica Liberalis">Factionis Democraticae Liberalis</a>, est, quae factio autem ambas per cameras cum Komeito factione dominatur. Systema legale Iaponicum, historice <a href="/wiki/Res_publica_popularis_Sinarum" title="Res publica popularis Sinarum">Sinensibus</a> legibus affectum, independenter se evolvit per <a href="/w/index.php?title=Periodus_Edoensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periodus Edoensis (non est haec pagina)">Periodum Edoënsem</a><a href="#cite_note-edoensis-114">[114]</a> cum textibus sicuti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kujikata_Osadamegaki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kujikata Osadamegaki (non est haec pagina)">Kujikata Osadamegaki</a> (Iaponicis litteris 公事方御定書, scilicet "Liber regularum officialium publicorum").<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> Nihilominus, exeunte <a href="/wiki/Saeculum_19" title="Saeculum 19">saeculo XIX</a> systema iudiciale praesertim in legibus civilibus <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europaeis</a>, imprimis in <a href="/wiki/Germania" title="Germania">Germanicis</a>, fundatum est. Verbi gratiā, anno 1896 gubernium Iaponicum codicem civilem in lineamento Codicis Iuris Civilis Germanici (<a href="/wiki/Theodisce" class="mw-redirect" title="Theodisce">Theodisce</a> Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch) fundatum statuit, qui adhuc viget aliquibus cum mutationibus post <a href="/wiki/Secundum_bellum_mundanum" title="Secundum bellum mundanum">Secundum bellum mundanum</a>.<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> Constitutio ut imperator leges a Diaetā probatas perferat, adversandi impotens, postulat.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> Systema iudiciale Iaponicum divisum est in gradūs basicos quattuor, apud quos Iudicium Summum maximus gradus est<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> et corpus iuris Civitatis Iaponicae "Six Codices" nuncupatur.<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Externae_rationes_et_defensio">Externae rationes et defensio</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Recensere partem: Externae rationes et defensio" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Externae rationes et defensio">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Helicopter_carrier_Hy%C5%ABga_(16DDH).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Helicopter_carrier_Hy%C5%ABga_%2816DDH%29.jpg/250px-Helicopter_carrier_Hy%C5%ABga_%2816DDH%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Helicopter_carrier_Hy%C5%ABga_%2816DDH%29.jpg/330px-Helicopter_carrier_Hy%C5%ABga_%2816DDH%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Helicopter_carrier_Hy%C5%ABga_%2816DDH%29.jpg/500px-Helicopter_carrier_Hy%C5%ABga_%2816DDH%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Classis_Hy%C5%ABga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Classis Hyūga (non est haec pagina)">JDS Hyūga</a>, una <a href="/w/index.php?title=Navis_helicopterigera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Navis helicopterigera (non est haec pagina)">navium helicopterigerarum</a> vis maritimae Iaponicae autodefensionis.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Bush_Abe,_Camp_David.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Bush_Abe%2C_Camp_David.jpg/220px-Bush_Abe%2C_Camp_David.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Bush_Abe%2C_Camp_David.jpg/330px-Bush_Abe%2C_Camp_David.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Bush_Abe%2C_Camp_David.jpg/440px-Bush_Abe%2C_Camp_David.jpg 2x" data-file-width="514" data-file-height="388" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Shinz%C5%8D_Abe" class="mw-redirect" title="Shinzō Abe">Shinzō Abe</a> et <a href="/wiki/Georgius_W._Bush" title="Georgius W. Bush">Georgius W. Bush</a>.</figcaption></figure> Iaponia arctas oeconomicas militaresque conexiones praecipuo cum socio, <a href="/wiki/Civitates_Foederatae_Americae" title="Civitates Foederatae Americae">Civitatibus Foederatis</a><a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a>, habet, formalizatas Foedere coöperationis mutuae et securitatis inter Civitates Foederatas et Iaponiam (Iaponice 日本国とアメリカ合衆国との間の相互協力及び安全保障条約; Anglice Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between the United States and Japan) anni 1960. Civitas socia <a href="/wiki/Nationes_Unitae" title="Nationes Unitae">Nationum Unitarum</a> ex anno <a href="/wiki/1956" title="1956">1956</a>, Iaponia haud permanens <a href="/wiki/Consilium_securitatis" title="Consilium securitatis">Consilii securitatis</a> socia per duodeviginti annorum summam et per periodum inter 2009 et 2010 fuit. Etiam est una e nationibus <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grex_Quattuor_Civitatum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grex Quattuor Civitatum (non est haec pagina)">Gregis Quattuor Civitatum</a> (Iaponice G4諸国; <a href="/wiki/Theodisce" class="mw-redirect" title="Theodisce">Theodisce</a> G4-Staaten seu Gruppe der Vier; <a href="/wiki/Lusice" class="mw-redirect" title="Lusice">Lusice</a> Nações G4; <a href="/wiki/Hindice" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindice">Hindice</a> जी-4 देश; et Anglice G4 nations) quaerentis se esse permanentes <a href="/wiki/Consilium_securitatis" title="Consilium securitatis">Consilii securitatis</a> socias.<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> Sicuti socia <a href="/wiki/Grex_Octo_Civitatum" class="mw-redirect" title="Grex Octo Civitatum">Gregis Octo Civitatum</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cooperatio_Oeconomica_inter_Asiam_et_Pacificum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cooperatio Oeconomica inter Asiam et Pacificum (non est haec pagina)">Coöperationis Oeconomicae inter Asiam et Pacificum</a> (Anglice 'Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation seu APEC) et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Societas_Civitatum_Asiae_Meridionalis_et_Orientalis_plus_Tres&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Societas Civitatum Asiae Meridionalis et Orientalis plus Tres (non est haec pagina)">Societatis Civitatum Asiae Meridionalis et Orientalis plus Tres</a> (Iaponice ASEAN+3) et participans Conventum summi gradūs Asiae orientalis, Iaponia active internationales res participat et suas diplomaticas rationes praecipuis cum sociis in toto orbe terrarum corroborat. Iaponia foedus securitatis cum <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australiā</a> Martio anni 2007<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> et cum <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">Indiā</a> Octubre anni 2008<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> obsignavit. Quoque est tertia natio qui maxime donat auxilio pro oeconomicā progressione, post Civitates Foederatas et <a href="/wiki/Britanniarum_Regnum" class="mw-redirect" title="Britanniarum Regnum">Britanniarum Regnum</a>, cum donatione 8.86 <a href="/wiki/Milliardum" title="Milliardum">milliardorum</a> <a href="/wiki/Dollarium_(CFA)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dollarium (CFA)">dollariorum Statunitensium</a> anno <a href="/wiki/2004" title="2004">2004</a>.<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> Iaponia cum copiis non pugnantibus Coalitioni militari in <a href="/wiki/Iraca" title="Iraca">Irācā</a> inter 2004 et 2008 contribuit.<a href="#cite_note-Tokyo_says-125">[125]</a> Iaponia involuta est in plurimis territorialibus conflictibus cum vicinis nationibus: cum <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russiā</a> de <a href="/wiki/Insulae_Curilenses" title="Insulae Curilenses">Insulis Curilensibus</a>, cum <a href="/wiki/Res_publica_Coreana" title="Res publica Coreana">Coreā Meridianā</a> de <a href="/wiki/Scopuli_Liancourtenses" title="Scopuli Liancourtenses">Scopulis Liancourtensibus</a><a href="#cite_note-Liancourtensis-126">[126]</a>, cum <a href="/wiki/Res_publica_popularis_Sinarum" title="Res publica popularis Sinarum">Re publicā populari Sinarum</a> ac <a href="/wiki/Res_publica_Sinarum" title="Res publica Sinarum">Taivaniā</a> de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Insulae_Senkakuenses&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Insulae Senkakuenses (non est haec pagina)">Insulae Senkakuenses</a><a href="#cite_note-Senkakuensis-127">[127]</a> (Iaponice 尖閣諸島; <a href="/wiki/Sinice" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinice">Sinice</a> 釣魚台列嶼 seu 钓鱼岛及其附属岛屿) et quoque cum <a href="/wiki/Res_publica_popularis_Sinarum" title="Res publica popularis Sinarum">Re publicā populari Sinarum</a> de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zona_oeconomica_exclusiva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zona oeconomica exclusiva (non est haec pagina)">zonā oeconomicā exclusivā</a> circum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Okinotorishima&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Okinotorishima (non est haec pagina)">Okinotorishimam</a> (Iaponice 沖ノ鳥島), quod difficiles rationes inter <a href="/wiki/Res_publica_popularis_Sinarum" title="Res publica popularis Sinarum">Sinas</a> et Iaponiam facit. Iaponia etiam dissentionem cum <a href="/wiki/Res_publica_popularis_democratica_Coreana" title="Res publica popularis democratica Coreana">Coreā Septentrionali</a> oppetit de surreptis Iaponicis civibus et de <a href="/wiki/Arma_nuclearia" title="Arma nuclearia">armis nuclearibus</a>. De controversiā de <a href="/wiki/Insulae_Curilenses" title="Insulae Curilenses">Insulis Curilensibus</a>, Iaponia technice in bello cum <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russiā</a> est, quia nulla solutio huic quaestioni obsignata est.<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> Exercitus Iaponicus articulo nono Constitutionis Iaponicae restrictus est, quae Iaponiam renuntiare facit suum ius belli decernendi aut utendi suā vi militari sicuti instrumento ad pagendas internationales dissentiones. Vires armatae Iaponicae a Ministerio Defensionis reguntur et componuntur vi terrestri, marinā et aëriā. Vires quibus Iaponia usa est nuperrime operationibus servandae pacis et diducendarum Iaponicarum copiarum in Iracā primam militarem Iaponiae interventionem peregre e <a href="/wiki/Secundum_bellum_mundanum" title="Secundum bellum mundanum">Secundo bello mundano</a> involvit.<a href="#cite_note-Tokyo_says-125">[125]</a> Nationi est, praeterea, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Consilium_securitatis_nationalis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Consilium securitatis nationalis (non est haec pagina)">Consilium securitatis nationalis</a> (Iaponice 国家安全保障会議), quod primum <a href="/wiki/4_Decembris" title="4 Decembris">pridie Nonas Decembres</a> anni 2013 congregatum est ad disceptandam strategiam securitatis nationalis dando responso instauratae a <a href="/wiki/Res_publica_popularis_Sinarum" title="Res publica popularis Sinarum">Sinis</a> zonae identificationis aëriae in <a href="/wiki/Mare_Sinense_Orientale" title="Mare Sinense Orientale">Mari Sinensi Orientali</a>.<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> Iaponia anno 2014 observans socia <a href="/w/index.php?title=Communitas_Nationum_Linguae_Lusitanae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Communitas Nationum Linguae Lusitanae (non est haec pagina)">Communitatis Nationum Linguae Lusitanae</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lusice" class="mw-redirect" title="Lusice">Lusice</a> Comunidade dos Países de Língua Portuguesa) facta est e conventū summo <a href="/wiki/Dili" title="Dili">Diliensi</a>.<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a> A Septembri mense anni 2015, vires Iaponicae autodefensionis adhiberi extra nationem possunt ad auxiliandum nationi sociae.<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a><a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Divisio_administrativa">Divisio administrativa</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Recensere partem: Divisio administrativa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Divisio administrativa">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Regiones_et_praefecturae_Iaponiae.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Regiones_et_praefecturae_Iaponiae.png/300px-Regiones_et_praefecturae_Iaponiae.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="398" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Regiones_et_praefecturae_Iaponiae.png/450px-Regiones_et_praefecturae_Iaponiae.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/Regiones_et_praefecturae_Iaponiae.png 2x" data-file-width="452" data-file-height="599" /></a><figcaption>Praefecturae et regiones Iaponiae.</figcaption></figure> <div style="margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 2px; text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Searchtool.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/20px-Searchtool.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/40px-Searchtool.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a> Si plus cognoscere vis, vide etiam <a href="/wiki/Regiones_Iaponiae" title="Regiones Iaponiae">Regiones Iaponiae</a>.</div> <div style="margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 2px; text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Searchtool.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/20px-Searchtool.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/40px-Searchtool.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a> Si plus cognoscere vis, vide etiam <a href="/wiki/Divisio_administrativa_Iaponiae" title="Divisio administrativa Iaponiae">Divisio administrativa Iaponiae</a>.</div> <div style="margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 2px; text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Searchtool.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/20px-Searchtool.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/40px-Searchtool.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a> Si plus cognoscere vis, vide etiam <a href="/wiki/Index_praefecturarum_Iaponiae" title="Index praefecturarum Iaponiae">Index praefecturarum Iaponiae</a>.</div> Iaponia divisa est in <a href="/wiki/Praefectura" title="Praefectura">praefecturas</a> 47, singulas rectas a singulis <a href="/wiki/Gubernator" title="Gubernator">gubernatoribus</a>, singulis parlamentis et singulis administrativis grapheocratiis.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> Singulae praefecturae praeterea in urbes, oppida et villagia divisae sunt.<a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a> Natio in praesenti novam administrativam ordinationem patitur se confundendis multis urbibus, oppidis villagiisque inter se. Hic processus administrativarum subpraefecturalium regionum numerum deminuet et administrativa impensa secari exspectantur.<a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographia">Demographia</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Recensere partem: Demographia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Demographia">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Numerus_incolarum">Numerus incolarum</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Recensere partem: Numerus incolarum" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Numerus incolarum">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Tokyo_from_the_top_of_the_SkyTree.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tokyo_from_the_top_of_the_SkyTree.JPG/220px-Tokyo_from_the_top_of_the_SkyTree.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tokyo_from_the_top_of_the_SkyTree.JPG/330px-Tokyo_from_the_top_of_the_SkyTree.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tokyo_from_the_top_of_the_SkyTree.JPG/440px-Tokyo_from_the_top_of_the_SkyTree.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5999" data-file-height="3598" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Territorium_urbis_Tokii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Territorium urbis Tokii (non est haec pagina)">Territorium urbis Tokii</a> maximum territorium urbis in toto orbe terrarum aestimatum.</figcaption></figure> Iaponiae <a href="/wiki/Numerus_incolarum" title="Numerus incolarum">numerus incolarum</a> circiter 126 milliones aestimatur,<a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a> cum 80% incolarum in <a href="/wiki/Honsua" title="Honsua">Honsuā</a> viventium. Asperum montanumque propter agrum cum 66% silvarum, incolae se urbanis in areis apud litus, planitiēs vallesque coniungunt.<a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a> Iaponia urbana societas solum cum 5% operariorum in agriculturā laborantibus est. Circiter 80 milliones urbanorum incolarum magnopere in Pacifico <a href="/wiki/Honsua" title="Honsua">Honsuae</a> litore densantur.<a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a> Anno <a href="/wiki/2010" title="2010">2010</a>, 90,7% omnium Iaponiensium incolarum in urbibus vivunt.<a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a> Urbi capiti <a href="/wiki/Tokium" title="Tokium">Tokio</a> 13,8 milliones incolarunt anno 2018.<a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a> Tokium pars est <a href="/w/index.php?title=Territorium_urbis_Tokii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Territorium urbis Tokii (non est haec pagina)">Territorii urbis Tokii</a>, maximi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Territorium_urbis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Territorium urbis (non est haec pagina)">territorii urbis</a> in toto orbe terrarum cum 38 140 000 incolarum anno 2016.<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a><a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> Haec area 13 500 km2 seu 5 200 milia passuum quadratorum<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a> lata est et habet <a href="/wiki/Spissitudo_incolarum" title="Spissitudo incolarum">spissitudinem</a> 2 642 incolarum per chiliometrum quadratum seu 1 020 incolarum per mille passuum quadratorum. Iaponiensis societas <a href="/wiki/Linguistica" title="Linguistica">linguistice</a>, ethnice et culturaliter homogenea,<a href="#cite_note-Multicultural-145">[145]</a> a 98,5% ethnicorum Iaponiensium<a href="#cite_note-CIA-71">[71]</a>, cum parvo numero incolarum peregrinorum operariorum.<a href="#cite_note-Multicultural-145">[145]</a> <a href="/wiki/Corea" title="Corea">Coreani</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zainichienses&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zainichienses (non est haec pagina)">Zainichienses</a> (Iaponice 在日韓国人; Coreane 재일조선인),<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> <a href="/wiki/Seres" class="mw-redirect" title="Seres">Seres</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philippinae" title="Philippinae">Philippini</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brasilia" title="Brasilia">Brasilienses</a> praesertim ex Iaponicā proli,<a href="#cite_note-Onishi-147">[147]</a> <a href="/wiki/Peruvia" title="Peruvia">Peruviani</a> praesertim ex Iaponicā proli et <a href="/wiki/Statunitensis" class="mw-redirect" title="Statunitensis">Statunitenses</a> apud parvas minoritates in Iaponiā sunt.<a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a> Anno 2003, erant 134 700 haud <a href="/wiki/America_Latina" title="America Latina">Latinamericanorum</a> <a href="/wiki/Humanus_Cultus_Occidentalis" class="mw-redirect" title="Humanus Cultus Occidentalis">Occidentalium</a> (exclusis amplius 33 000 Statunitensium militarium ministrorum et suorum obnoxiorum totam per nationem destinatorum)<a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a> et 345 500 <a href="/wiki/America_Latina" title="America Latina">Latinamericanorum</a> exsulium, quorum 274 700 Brasilienses erant -praecipue Iaponienses prognati aut Iaponici immigrantes (Iaponice 日系人), iuxta cum coniugibus esse dicti-,<a href="#cite_note-Onishi-147">[147]</a> maxima Occidentalium communitas.<a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Bjs48_02_Ainu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Bjs48_02_Ainu.jpg/250px-Bjs48_02_Ainu.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Bjs48_02_Ainu.jpg/330px-Bjs48_02_Ainu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Bjs48_02_Ainu.jpg/500px-Bjs48_02_Ainu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1300" data-file-height="812" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ainuenses" class="mw-redirect" title="Ainuenses">Ainuenses</a>, ethnica minoritas e Iaponiā.</figcaption></figure> Praecipuum autochthonicum <a href="/wiki/Ethnos" title="Ethnos">ethnos</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamatoenses&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yamatoenses (non est haec pagina)">Yamatoënses</a><a href="#cite_note-Yamatoënsis-151">[151]</a> (Iaponice 大和民族) sunt; apud primaria minoritaria ethnē sunt indigenae <a href="/wiki/Ainu_(populus)" title="Ainu (populus)">Ainuenses</a><a href="#cite_note-Ainuensis-152">[152]</a> (Iaponice アイヌ; <a href="/wiki/Ainuane" class="mw-redirect" title="Ainuane">Ainuane</a> アィヌ seu Аину; et <a href="/wiki/Russice" class="mw-redirect" title="Russice">Russice</a> Айны)<a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a> et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ryukyuenses&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ryukyuenses (non est haec pagina)">Ryukyuenses</a><a href="#cite_note-Ryukyuensis-53">[53]</a>(Iaponice 琉球民族), non minus quam sociales minoritarii circuli sicuti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Burakumin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Burakumin (non est haec pagina)">Burakumines</a><a href="#cite_note-154">[154]</a> (Iaponice 部落民). Sunt incolae mixtorum maiorum se intra Yamatoënses incorporaverunt, tales <a href="/w/index.php?title=Insulae_Boninenses&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Insulae Boninenses (non est haec pagina)">Insularum Boninensium</a><a href="#cite_note-Boninensis-155">[155]</a> (Iaponice 小笠原群島).<a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a> Anno 2014, peregre nati operarii sine civitatis acceptione solum 1,5% omnium incolarum constituebant.<a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a> Iaponia ethnice homogenea late habetur et <a href="/wiki/Ethnos" title="Ethnos">ethnicas</a> ac <a href="/wiki/Phyle_(grex_humanus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Phyle (grex humanus)">phyleticas</a> statisticas Iaponicis nationalibus non confert; tali de thesi fontes variant, saltim cum analysi Iaponiam sicuti societatem multiethnicam describente<a href="#cite_note-158">[158]</a>, aliā cum analysi autem recentium adventiciae originis Iaponiensium nationalium numerum minimum esse asserente<a href="#cite_note-Atsushi-159">[159]</a>. Plerique Iaponienses nationem sicuti societatem monoculturalem videre pergunt. Prior Iaponiensis Primus Minister et praesens Minister Rerum Nummariarum <a href="/wiki/Tar%C5%8D_As%C5%8D" title="Tarō Asō">Tarō Asō</a> Iaponiam sicuti unius phylēs, unius civilizationis, unius linguae et unius culturae nationem descripsit, quod fecit ut ethnicarum minoritatum sicuti <a href="/wiki/Ainuenses" class="mw-redirect" title="Ainuenses">Ainuensium</a> legislatores haec verba impugnarent.<a href="#cite_note-160">[160]</a> Iaponia secundam maximam totalem <a href="/wiki/Exspectatio_vitae" title="Exspectatio vitae">exspectationem vitae</a> partū cuiuslibet nationis in toto orbe terrarum habet: 83,5 annorum hominibus inter annos 2010 et 2015 natis.<a href="#cite_note-Table_A-161">[161]</a><a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a> Iaponienses rapide veterescunt, propter nataliorum eruptionem post <a href="/wiki/Secundum_bellum_mundanum" title="Secundum bellum mundanum">Secundum bellum mundanum</a> quam secuta est imminutio indicum natalium. Anno 2012, circa 24,1% incolarum amplius 65 annos nati sunt et proportio paene ad 40% anno 2050 ascendere proiecta est.<a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a> Die 15 Septembris anni 2018, primā vice, unus e quinque hominibus in Iaponiā 70 annos aut amplius natus est secundum Ministerium rerum internarum et communicationum. 26,18 milliones hominum 70 annos aut amplius nati sunt et rationem 20,7% incolarum reddunt. Provectae feminae 20 milliones cum 20, 12 millionibus superant, substantialiter excedunt 15,45 milliones nationales provectorum virorum.<a href="#cite_note-164">[164]</a> Hic inferius est tabula cum urbibus populosissimis in Iaponiā secundum censum anni 2010: <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Positio </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Urbs" title="Urbs">Urbs</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Praefectura" title="Praefectura">Praefectura</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Numerus_incolarum" title="Numerus incolarum">Incolae</a> </th> <th>Photographemata </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tokium" title="Tokium">Tokium</a><a href="#cite_note-165">[165]</a><a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a><a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tokium" title="Tokium">Tokium</a></td> <td>13 843 403</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Skyscrapers_of_Shinjuku_2009_January_(revised).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Skyscrapers_of_Shinjuku_2009_January_%28revised%29.jpg/100px-Skyscrapers_of_Shinjuku_2009_January_%28revised%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Skyscrapers_of_Shinjuku_2009_January_%28revised%29.jpg/150px-Skyscrapers_of_Shinjuku_2009_January_%28revised%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Skyscrapers_of_Shinjuku_2009_January_%28revised%29.jpg/200px-Skyscrapers_of_Shinjuku_2009_January_%28revised%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3400" data-file-height="1858" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yokohama" title="Yokohama">Yokohama</a><a href="#cite_note-168">[168]</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kanagawaensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kanagawaensis (non est haec pagina)">Kanagawaënsis</a><a href="#cite_note-Kanagawaensis-169">[169]</a></td> <td>3 740 172</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Skyline_of_Minato_Mirai_21,_Yokohama,_20150201.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Skyline_of_Minato_Mirai_21%2C_Yokohama%2C_20150201.jpg/120px-Skyline_of_Minato_Mirai_21%2C_Yokohama%2C_20150201.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Skyline_of_Minato_Mirai_21%2C_Yokohama%2C_20150201.jpg/250px-Skyline_of_Minato_Mirai_21%2C_Yokohama%2C_20150201.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Osaka" class="mw-redirect" title="Osaka">Osaka</a><a href="#cite_note-Osakensis-65">[65]</a> seu <a href="/wiki/Ozaca" title="Ozaca">Ozaca</a><a href="#cite_note-Ozaca-170">[170]</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Osakensis" title="Osakensis">Osakensis</a><a href="#cite_note-Osakensis-65">[65]</a></td> <td>2 725 006</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Osaka_Castle_02bs3200.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Osaka_Castle_02bs3200.jpg/120px-Osaka_Castle_02bs3200.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Osaka_Castle_02bs3200.jpg/250px-Osaka_Castle_02bs3200.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="4167" data-file-height="2728" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nagoya" title="Nagoya">Nagoya</a><a href="#cite_note-171">[171]</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aichiensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aichiensis (non est haec pagina)">Aichiensis</a><a href="#cite_note-Aichiensis-172">[172]</a></td> <td>2320 361</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Nagoya_2017_(34159008173).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Nagoya_2017_%2834159008173%29.jpg/100px-Nagoya_2017_%2834159008173%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Nagoya_2017_%2834159008173%29.jpg/150px-Nagoya_2017_%2834159008173%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Nagoya_2017_%2834159008173%29.jpg/200px-Nagoya_2017_%2834159008173%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3840" data-file-height="2160" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sapporum" title="Sapporum">Sapporum</a><a href="#cite_note-173">[173]</a><a href="#cite_note-174">[174]</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Esonia" title="Esonia">Esonia</a><a href="#cite_note-Esonia-175">[175]</a> seu <a href="/wiki/Esonis" class="mw-redirect" title="Esonis">Esonis</a><a href="#cite_note-Esonia-175">[175]</a> seu <a href="/wiki/Hokkaido%C3%ABnsis" class="mw-redirect" title="Hokkaidoënsis">Hokkaidoënsis</a><a href="#cite_note-176">[176]</a></td> <td>1 966 416</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Hokkaido_University.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Hokkaido_University.jpg/100px-Hokkaido_University.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Hokkaido_University.jpg/150px-Hokkaido_University.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Hokkaido_University.jpg/200px-Hokkaido_University.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fukuoka" title="Fukuoka">Fukuoka</a><a href="#cite_note-Fukuokaensis-70">[70]</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fukuoka%C3%ABnsis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fukuokaënsis (non est haec pagina)">Fukuokaënsis</a><a href="#cite_note-Fukuokaensis-70">[70]</a></td> <td>1 579 450</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Seaside-momochi.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Seaside-momochi.JPG/120px-Seaside-momochi.JPG" decoding="async" width="100" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Seaside-momochi.JPG/250px-Seaside-momochi.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cobeum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cobeum (non est haec pagina)">Cobeum</a><a href="#cite_note-Cobeum-177">[177]</a> seu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kobe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kobe (non est haec pagina)">Kobe</a><a href="#cite_note-Kobensis-68">[68]</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kyotum" title="Kyotum">Kyotum</a><a href="#cite_note-Kyotum-69">[69]</a>.</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hyogoensis" title="Hyogoensis">Hyogoensis</a><a href="#cite_note-Hyogoensis-178">[178]</a></td> <td>1 527 407</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Kobe_Mosaic06s4s3200.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Kobe_Mosaic06s4s3200.jpg/120px-Kobe_Mosaic06s4s3200.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Kobe_Mosaic06s4s3200.jpg/250px-Kobe_Mosaic06s4s3200.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="4200" data-file-height="2800" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kawasaki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kawasaki (non est haec pagina)">Kawasaki</a><a href="#cite_note-Kawasakiensis-179">[179]</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kanagawaensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kanagawaensis (non est haec pagina)">Kanagawaënsis</a><a href="#cite_note-Kanagawaensis-169">[169]</a></td> <td>1 516 483</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Kawasaki_Station_East_Exit_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Kawasaki_Station_East_Exit_2.jpg/120px-Kawasaki_Station_East_Exit_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Kawasaki_Station_East_Exit_2.jpg/250px-Kawasaki_Station_East_Exit_2.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kyotum" title="Kyotum">Kyotum</a><a href="#cite_note-Kyotum-69">[69]</a> seu <a href="/wiki/Kioto" class="mw-redirect" title="Kioto">Kioto</a><a href="#cite_note-Kioto-180">[180]</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kyotensis" title="Kyotensis">Kyotensis</a><a href="#cite_note-Kyotensis-181">[181]</a></td> <td>1 468 980</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Kyoto_and_Karasuma_Street_(MA_59).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Kyoto_and_Karasuma_Street_%28MA_59%29.jpg/100px-Kyoto_and_Karasuma_Street_%28MA_59%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Kyoto_and_Karasuma_Street_%28MA_59%29.jpg/150px-Kyoto_and_Karasuma_Street_%28MA_59%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Kyoto_and_Karasuma_Street_%28MA_59%29.jpg/200px-Kyoto_and_Karasuma_Street_%28MA_59%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Saitama" title="Saitama">Saitama</a><a href="#cite_note-Saitamaensis-182">[182]</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saitamaensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saitamaensis (non est haec pagina)">Saitamaënsis</a><a href="#cite_note-Saitamaensis-182">[182]</a></td> <td>1 295 607</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Japanese_Saitama_Shintoshin_west_building.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Japanese_Saitama_Shintoshin_west_building.jpg/100px-Japanese_Saitama_Shintoshin_west_building.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Japanese_Saitama_Shintoshin_west_building.jpg/150px-Japanese_Saitama_Shintoshin_west_building.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Japanese_Saitama_Shintoshin_west_building.jpg/200px-Japanese_Saitama_Shintoshin_west_building.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1200" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>11</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hirosima" title="Hirosima">Hirosima</a><a href="#cite_note-Hirosima-183">[183]</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiroshima%C3%ABnsis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hiroshimaënsis (non est haec pagina)">Hiroshimaënsis</a><a href="#cite_note-Hiroshimaensis-184">[184]</a></td> <td>1 199 252</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Hiroshima_Peace_Memorial.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Hiroshima_Peace_Memorial.jpg/120px-Hiroshima_Peace_Memorial.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Hiroshima_Peace_Memorial.jpg/250px-Hiroshima_Peace_Memorial.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>12</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sendai" title="Sendai">Sendai</a><a href="#cite_note-Sendai-185">[185]</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miyagiensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Miyagiensis (non est haec pagina)">Miyagiensis</a><a href="#cite_note-Miyagiensis-186">[186]</a></td> <td>1 088 669</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Higashi-Ni-banch%C5%8D-d%C5%8Dri_avenue_01.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Higashi-Ni-banch%C5%8D-d%C5%8Dri_avenue_01.JPG/100px-Higashi-Ni-banch%C5%8D-d%C5%8Dri_avenue_01.JPG" decoding="async" width="100" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Higashi-Ni-banch%C5%8D-d%C5%8Dri_avenue_01.JPG/150px-Higashi-Ni-banch%C5%8D-d%C5%8Dri_avenue_01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Higashi-Ni-banch%C5%8D-d%C5%8Dri_avenue_01.JPG/200px-Higashi-Ni-banch%C5%8D-d%C5%8Dri_avenue_01.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3290" data-file-height="2612" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>13</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chiba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chiba (non est haec pagina)">Chiba</a><a href="#cite_note-Chibaënsis-187">[187]</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chiba%C3%ABnsis" title="Chibaënsis">Chibaënsis</a><a href="#cite_note-Chibaënsis-187">[187]</a></td> <td>977 247</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Chiba_monorail_and_prefectual_office.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Chiba_monorail_and_prefectual_office.jpg/120px-Chiba_monorail_and_prefectual_office.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Chiba_monorail_and_prefectual_office.jpg/250px-Chiba_monorail_and_prefectual_office.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="652" data-file-height="489" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>14</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kitakyushu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kitakyushu (non est haec pagina)">Kitakyushu</a><a href="#cite_note-Kitakyushu-188">[188]</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fukuoka%C3%ABnsis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fukuokaënsis (non est haec pagina)">Fukuokaënsis</a><a href="#cite_note-Fukuokaensis-70">[70]</a></td> <td>945 595</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Isetan_department_store_Kokura.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Isetan_department_store_Kokura.jpg/120px-Isetan_department_store_Kokura.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Isetan_department_store_Kokura.jpg/250px-Isetan_department_store_Kokura.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="640" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>15</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sacaium" title="Sacaium">Sacaium</a><a href="#cite_note-Sacaium-189">[189]</a> seu <a href="/wiki/Sakai" class="mw-redirect" title="Sakai">Sakai</a><a href="#cite_note-Sakai-190">[190]</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Osakensis" title="Osakensis">Osakensis</a><a href="#cite_note-Osakensis-65">[65]</a></td> <td>831 017</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Sakai_City_Hall_2024.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Sakai_City_Hall_2024.jpg/100px-Sakai_City_Hall_2024.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Sakai_City_Hall_2024.jpg/150px-Sakai_City_Hall_2024.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Sakai_City_Hall_2024.jpg/200px-Sakai_City_Hall_2024.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5712" data-file-height="4284" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>16</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Niigata" class="mw-redirect" title="Niigata">Niigata</a><a href="#cite_note-Niigataënsis-191">[191]</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Niigata%C3%ABnsis" title="Niigataënsis">Niigataënsis</a><a href="#cite_note-Niigataënsis-191">[191]</a></td> <td>800 582</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Niigata_City.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Niigata_City.jpg/120px-Niigata_City.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="61" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Niigata_City.jpg/250px-Niigata_City.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1570" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>17</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamamatsu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hamamatsu (non est haec pagina)">Hamamatsu</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shizuokaensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shizuokaensis (non est haec pagina)">Shizuokaënsis</a><a href="#cite_note-Shizuokaensis-73">[73]</a></td> <td>794 025</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Hamamatsu_view_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Hamamatsu_view_-_panoramio.jpg/100px-Hamamatsu_view_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Hamamatsu_view_-_panoramio.jpg/150px-Hamamatsu_view_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Hamamatsu_view_-_panoramio.jpg/200px-Hamamatsu_view_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>18</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumamoto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kumamoto (non est haec pagina)">Kumamoto</a><a href="#cite_note-Kumamotoensis-192">[192]</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumamotoensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kumamotoensis (non est haec pagina)">Kumamotoënsis</a><a href="#cite_note-Kumamotoensis-192">[192]</a></td> <td>739 556</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Kumamoto_Castle_05n3200.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Kumamoto_Castle_05n3200.jpg/100px-Kumamoto_Castle_05n3200.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Kumamoto_Castle_05n3200.jpg/150px-Kumamoto_Castle_05n3200.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Kumamoto_Castle_05n3200.jpg/200px-Kumamoto_Castle_05n3200.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3200" data-file-height="2133" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>19</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sagamihara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sagamihara (non est haec pagina)">Sagamihara</a><a href="#cite_note-Sagamiharensis-193">[193]</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kanagawaensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kanagawaensis (non est haec pagina)">Kanagawaënsis</a><a href="#cite_note-Kanagawaensis-169">[169]</a></td> <td>723,012</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Mewe%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E8%A6%8B%E3%81%9F%E6%A9%8B%E6%9C%AC%E9%A7%85%E5%89%8D_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Mewe%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E8%A6%8B%E3%81%9F%E6%A9%8B%E6%9C%AC%E9%A7%85%E5%89%8D_-_panoramio.jpg/100px-Mewe%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E8%A6%8B%E3%81%9F%E6%A9%8B%E6%9C%AC%E9%A7%85%E5%89%8D_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Mewe%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E8%A6%8B%E3%81%9F%E6%A9%8B%E6%9C%AC%E9%A7%85%E5%89%8D_-_panoramio.jpg/150px-Mewe%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E8%A6%8B%E3%81%9F%E6%A9%8B%E6%9C%AC%E9%A7%85%E5%89%8D_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Mewe%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E8%A6%8B%E3%81%9F%E6%A9%8B%E6%9C%AC%E9%A7%85%E5%89%8D_-_panoramio.jpg/200px-Mewe%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E8%A6%8B%E3%81%9F%E6%A9%8B%E6%9C%AC%E9%A7%85%E5%89%8D_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>20</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shizuoka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shizuoka (non est haec pagina)">Shizuoka</a><a href="#cite_note-Shizuokaensis-73">[73]</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shizuokaensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shizuokaensis (non est haec pagina)">Shizuokaënsis</a><a href="#cite_note-Shizuokaensis-73">[73]</a></td> <td>695 416</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:2_Chome_Gofukuch%C5%8D,_Aoi-ku,_Shizuoka-shi,_Shizuoka-ken_420-0031,_Japan_-_panoramio_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/2_Chome_Gofukuch%C5%8D%2C_Aoi-ku%2C_Shizuoka-shi%2C_Shizuoka-ken_420-0031%2C_Japan_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg/120px-2_Chome_Gofukuch%C5%8D%2C_Aoi-ku%2C_Shizuoka-shi%2C_Shizuoka-ken_420-0031%2C_Japan_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/2_Chome_Gofukuch%C5%8D%2C_Aoi-ku%2C_Shizuoka-shi%2C_Shizuoka-ken_420-0031%2C_Japan_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg/250px-2_Chome_Gofukuch%C5%8D%2C_Aoi-ku%2C_Shizuoka-shi%2C_Shizuoka-ken_420-0031%2C_Japan_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="2776" /></a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sermones">Sermones</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Recensere partem: Sermones" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Sermones">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Multilingual_sign_at_Ainu_Museum_(Shiraoi).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Multilingual_sign_at_Ainu_Museum_%28Shiraoi%29.JPG/250px-Multilingual_sign_at_Ainu_Museum_%28Shiraoi%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Multilingual_sign_at_Ainu_Museum_%28Shiraoi%29.JPG/500px-Multilingual_sign_at_Ainu_Museum_%28Shiraoi%29.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>Multilingue signum <a href="/wiki/Iaponice" class="mw-redirect" title="Iaponice">Iaponice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ainuane" class="mw-redirect" title="Ainuane">Ainuane</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anglice" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglice">Anglice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coreane" class="mw-redirect" title="Coreane">Coreane</a> et <a href="/wiki/Sinice" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinice">Sinice</a>. <a href="/wiki/Lingua_Ainuana" title="Lingua Ainuana">Ainuanus textus</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Katakana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katakana (non est haec pagina)">katakanā</a>, secundus est sursum deorsum dextero signi latere. Legitur イヤイライケㇾ iyairaiker.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Lingua_Iaponica" title="Lingua Iaponica">Iaponica lingua</a> est pluribus quam 99 centesimis habitantium sermo nativus.<a href="#cite_note-194">[194]</a>. <a href="/wiki/Lingua_Iaponica" title="Lingua Iaponica">Lingua Iaponica</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_agglutinativa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua agglutinativa (non est haec pagina)">agglutinativa</a> est, distincta a systemate <a href="/w/index.php?title=Verbum_honorificum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Verbum honorificum (non est haec pagina)">honorificorum</a> hierarchicam Iaponicae societatis naturam reflectente, cum <a href="/wiki/Verbum_(temporale)" title="Verbum (temporale)">verbalibus</a> formis et particulari vocabulario relativum locutoris aucultatorisque statum indicantibus. <a href="/wiki/Scriptura_Iaponica" title="Scriptura Iaponica">Scriptura Iaponica</a> <a href="/wiki/Kanji" title="Kanji">kansibus</a> seu <a href="/wiki/Character_Sinicus" title="Character Sinicus">characteribus Sinicis</a> et duabus collectionibus <a href="/wiki/Kana" title="Kana">kanorum</a> (<a href="/wiki/Syllabarium" title="Syllabarium">syllabariorum</a> in scripturā inclinatā et in <a href="/wiki/Kanji" title="Kanji">kansium</a> radicibus fundatorum), non minus quam <a href="/wiki/Abecedarium_Latinum" title="Abecedarium Latinum">abecedario Latino</a> et <a href="/wiki/Numeri_Arabici" title="Numeri Arabici">numeris Arabicis</a> utitur.<a href="#cite_note-195">[195]</a> <a href="/wiki/Character_Sinicus" title="Character Sinicus">Litteris Sinicis</a>, quarum scripturam de <a href="/wiki/Seres" class="mw-redirect" title="Seres">Seribus</a> didicissent, Iaponienses prisci scribere solebant, unde litteras proprias, nomine <a href="/wiki/Kana" title="Kana">kana</a>, iam pridem finxerunt. Haec autem duo in genera dividuntur <a href="/wiki/Littera" title="Littera">litterae</a>, hoc <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiragana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hiragana (non est haec pagina)">hiragana</a> appellatur, quibus propriae scribuntur particulae linguae Iaponicae, illud <a href="/w/index.php?title=Katakana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katakana (non est haec pagina)">katakana</a>, quibus nostro tempore praesertim nomina ab alienis linguis accepta scribuntur.<a href="#cite_note-196">[196]</a> Praeter <a href="/wiki/Lingua_Iaponica" title="Lingua Iaponica">linguam Iaponicam</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Linguae_Ryukyuenses&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Linguae Ryukyuenses (non est haec pagina)">linguae Ryukyuenses</a><a href="#cite_note-Ryukyuensis-53">[53]</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_Amamiensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua Amamiensis (non est haec pagina)">Amamiensis</a><a href="#cite_note-Amamiensis-197">[197]</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_Kunigamiensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua Kunigamiensis (non est haec pagina)">Kunigamiensis</a><a href="#cite_note-kunigamiensis-198">[198]</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_Okinawaensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua Okinawaensis (non est haec pagina)">Okinawaënsis</a><a href="#cite_note-okinawaensis-199">[199]</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_Miyakoensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua Miyakoensis (non est haec pagina)">Miyakoënsis</a><a href="#cite_note-miyakoensis-200">[200]</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_Yaeyamaensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua Yaeyamaensis (non est haec pagina)">Yaeyamaënsis</a><a href="#cite_note-yaeyamaensis-201">[201]</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_Yonagumiensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua Yonagumiensis (non est haec pagina)">Yonagumiensis</a><a href="#cite_note-yonagumiensis-202">[202]</a>), etiam <a href="/wiki/Linguae_Iaponicae" title="Linguae Iaponicae">familiae linguisticae Iaponicae</a> pars, in usū sunt in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Insulae_Ryukyuenses&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Insulae Ryukyuenses (non est haec pagina)">Insularum Ryukyuensium</a><a href="#cite_note-Ryukyuensis-53">[53]</a> catenā. Pauci pueri has linguas discunt,<a href="#cite_note-203">[203]</a> sed recentibus annis locales gubernationes traditionalium linguarum conscientiam augere invenerunt. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dialectus_Okinawa%C3%ABnsis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dialectus Okinawaënsis (non est haec pagina)">Dialectus Iaponica Okinawaënsis</a> etiam in usū hāc in regione. <a href="/wiki/Lingua_Ainuana" title="Lingua Ainuana">Lingua Ainuana</a>, quae demonstratā relatione cum Iaponicā aut quāvis aliā linguā caret, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_periclitata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua periclitata (non est haec pagina)">lingua periclitata</a> solum cum paucis vetulis autochthonibus locutoribus in <a href="/wiki/Esonia" title="Esonia">Esoniā</a> viventibus.<a href="#cite_note-204">[204]</a> Publicae privataeque scholae generatim studentes linguam Iaponicam non minus quam <a href="/wiki/Lingua_Anglica" title="Lingua Anglica">linguam Anglicam</a> discere requirunt.<a href="#cite_note-205">[205]</a><a href="#cite_note-206">[206]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religio">Religio</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Recensere partem: Religio" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Religio">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Itsukushima_Gate.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Itsukushima_Gate.jpg/220px-Itsukushima_Gate.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Itsukushima_Gate.jpg/330px-Itsukushima_Gate.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Itsukushima_Gate.jpg/440px-Itsukushima_Gate.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4200" data-file-height="2803" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Itsukushima_Templum" title="Itsukushima Templum">Templum Shintoisticum Itsukushima</a> (Iaponice 厳島神社) <a href="/w/index.php?title=Torii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Torii (non est haec pagina)">torii</a> (Iaponice 鳥居) prope <a href="/wiki/Hiroshima" class="mw-redirect" title="Hiroshima">Hiroshimam</a>, unus e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tres_Conspectus_Iaponiae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tres Conspectus Iaponiae (non est haec pagina)">Tribus Conspectibus Iaponiae</a> et <a href="/wiki/Patrimonium_totius_mundi" title="Patrimonium totius mundi">Patrimonium totius mundi</a>.</figcaption></figure> Iaponia plenam <a href="/wiki/Libertas_religionis" title="Libertas religionis">libertatem religionis</a> in <a href="/wiki/Constitutio_Iaponiae" title="Constitutio Iaponiae">suae Constitutionis</a> articulo 20 fundatam habet. Maximae aestimationes inter 84 et 96% Iaponiensium <a href="/wiki/Shintoismus" class="mw-redirect" title="Shintoismus">Shintoismum</a> sicuti suam autochthonicam religionem colere suggerunt, quorum inter 50% et 80% syncretismi gradūs cum <a href="/wiki/Buddhismus" title="Buddhismus">Buddhismo</a>, quod <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shinbutsu-sh%C5%ABg%C5%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shinbutsu-shūgō (non est haec pagina)">Shinbutsu-shūgō</a> appellatur, putant.<a href="#cite_note-207">[207]</a><a href="#cite_note-Reischauer-208">[208]</a> Nihilominus, hae aestimationes in hominibus aliquo templo affiliatis magis quam in verorum credentium numero fundantur. Shintoisticorum templorum numerus in Iaponiā circa 100 000 esse aestimatur. Alia studia solum 30% incolarum se ad quamvis religionem pertinentes identificare suggesserunt.<a href="#cite_note-209">[209]</a> Secundum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aeduinus_Reischauer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aeduinus Reischauer (non est haec pagina)">Aeduinum Reischauer</a> et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marius_Jansen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marius Jansen (non est haec pagina)">Marium Jansen</a>, circa 70 aut 80% Iaponensium cuiusdam religionis credentes non se considerant. Attamen, participationis gradus altus manet, praesertim per <a href="/wiki/Festum" title="Festum">festa</a> et occasiones sicuti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hatsum%C5%8Dde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hatsumōde (non est haec pagina)">primam visitationem templi</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Annus_Novus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Annus Novus (non est haec pagina)">Anno Novo</a>. <a href="/wiki/Taoismus" title="Taoismus">Taoismus</a> et <a href="/wiki/Confucianismus" title="Confucianismus">Confucianismus</a> e <a href="/wiki/Sinae" class="mw-disambig" title="Sinae">Sinis</a> quoque in Iaponica credibilia moresque influxerunt.<a href="#cite_note-210">[210]</a> Iaponicae viae <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tanabata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tanabata (non est haec pagina)">Tanabatā</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Obon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Obon (non est haec pagina)">Obone</a> et <a href="/wiki/Dies_Christi_Natalis" class="mw-redirect" title="Dies Christi Natalis">Die Christi Natalis</a> ornantur.<a href="#cite_note-Reischauer-208">[208]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Phoenix_Hall,_Byodo-in,_November_2016_-01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Phoenix_Hall%2C_Byodo-in%2C_November_2016_-01.jpg/220px-Phoenix_Hall%2C_Byodo-in%2C_November_2016_-01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Phoenix_Hall%2C_Byodo-in%2C_November_2016_-01.jpg/330px-Phoenix_Hall%2C_Byodo-in%2C_November_2016_-01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Phoenix_Hall%2C_Byodo-in%2C_November_2016_-01.jpg/440px-Phoenix_Hall%2C_Byodo-in%2C_November_2016_-01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5377" data-file-height="2812" /></a><figcaption>Templum Buddhisticum <a href="/wiki/By%C5%8Dd%C5%8D-in" title="Byōdō-in">Byōdō-in</a> (Iaponice 平等院), situm <a href="/w/index.php?title=Urbs_Uiiensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Urbs Uiiensis (non est haec pagina)">urbe Uiiensi</a><a href="#cite_note-Ujiensis-211">[211]</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Kyotensis" title="Kyotensis">praefecturā Kyotensi</a>.</figcaption></figure> Shintoismus maxima religio in Iaponiā, culta fere a 80% incolarum, quorum verumtamen solum parva centesima ratio se "Shintoistas" in schedis interrogatoriis identificant. Quod debetur rei ut "Shintoismus" dissimiles significationes habeat in Iaponiā: plerique Iaponienses Shintoistica templa frequentant et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kami&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kami (non est haec pagina)">kamos</a> (Iaponice 神) obsecrant non pertinentes ad nullam Shintoisticam organizationes et, quia formales ritūs non sunt ut aliquis popularis Shintoismi assecla fiat, Shintoistica sodalitas crebro aestimatur computandis eis qui se organizatis Shintoisticis sectis iunxerunt. Shintoismo sunt 100 000 <a href="/wiki/Templum" title="Templum">templorum</a> et 78 890 <a href="/wiki/Sacerdos" title="Sacerdos">sacerdotum</a> hac in natione.<a href="#cite_note-Routledge-212">[212]</a> <a href="/wiki/Buddhismus" title="Buddhismus">Buddhismus</a> primum in Iaponiam <a href="/wiki/Saeculum_6" title="Saeculum 6">saeculo VI</a> advenit; introductus est anno 538 aut 552<a href="#cite_note-Brown-213">[213]</a> e Regno <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paecce&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paecce (non est haec pagina)">Paecci</a> (<a href="/wiki/Coreane" class="mw-redirect" title="Coreane">Coreane</a> 백제/百濟) in <a href="/wiki/Corea" title="Corea">Coreā</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Brown-213">[213]</a> <a href="/wiki/Religio_Christiana" title="Religio Christiana">Religio Christiana</a> primum introducta est in Iaponiam <a href="/wiki/Societas_Iesu" title="Societas Iesu">Iesuitis</a> a missio]nibus anno 1549 incipientibus.<a href="#cite_note-214">[214]</a> Hodie, inter minus quam 1%<a href="#cite_note-215">[215]</a><a href="#cite_note-216">[216]</a><a href="#cite_note-217">[217]</a> in 2,3% <a href="/wiki/Christianismus_in_Iaponia" title="Christianismus in Iaponia">Christiani</a> sunt, quorum plerique occidentalem nationis partem incolunt, ubi missionariorum opera per <a href="/wiki/Saeculum_16" title="Saeculum 16">saeculum XVI</a> maxima fuere. <a href="/wiki/Nagasakiensis" title="Nagasakiensis">Praefectura Nagasakiensis</a> maximam Christianorum centesimam rationem habet: circa 5,1% anno 1996.<a href="#cite_note-218">[218]</a> Anno 2007, erant 32 036 Christianorum sacerdotum et pastorum in Iaponiā.<a href="#cite_note-Routledge-212">[212]</a> Ultimum per saeculum, aliqui <a href="/wiki/Humanus_Cultus_Occidentalis" class="mw-redirect" title="Humanus Cultus Occidentalis">Occidentales</a> mores initio Christiani (sicuti Occidentalis generis nuptiae, Dies Sancti Valentini et <a href="/wiki/Dies_Christi_Natalis" class="mw-redirect" title="Dies Christi Natalis">Dies Christi Natalis</a>) populares velut saeculares mores apud multos Iaponienses factae sunt.<a href="#cite_note-219">[219]</a> <a href="/wiki/Religio_Islamica" title="Religio Islamica">Religio Islamica</a> inter 80% et 90% peregre natorum migrantium et eorum filiorum constituere aestimatur, praesertim ex <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesiā</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pakistania" title="Pakistania">Pakistaniā</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bangladesa" title="Bangladesa">Bangladesā</a> et <a href="/wiki/Irania" title="Irania">Iraniā</a>.<a href="#cite_note-220">[220]</a> Plerique ethnice Iaponienses <a href="/wiki/Musulmanus" title="Musulmanus">Musulmani</a> sunt qui se ad religionem Islamicam converterunt statim post connubium musulmano cum advenā. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pew_Research_Center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pew Research Center (non est haec pagina)">Pew Research Center</a> 185 000 Musulmanorum in Iaponiā anno 2010 esse aestimavit.<a href="#cite_note-221">[221]</a> Minoritarias apud religiones sunt <a href="/wiki/Hinduismus" title="Hinduismus">Hinduismus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sichismus" title="Sichismus">Sichismus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Religio_Iudaica" title="Religio Iudaica">Religio Iudaica</a> et <a href="/wiki/Bahaismus" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahaismus">Bahaismus</a><a href="#cite_note-222">[222]</a>; praeterea e medio <a href="/wiki/Saeculum_19" title="Saeculum 19">saeculo XIX</a> numerosi novi motūs religiosi seu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shinsh%C5%ABky%C5%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shinshūkyō (non est haec pagina)">shinshūkyōnes</a> (Iaponice 新宗教) in Iaponiā orti sunt.<a href="#cite_note-223">[223]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Problemata">Problemata</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Recensere partem: Problemata" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section's source code: Problemata">fontem recensere</a>]</div> Demographicae structurae mutationes socialium rerum numerum creaverunt, praesertim potentiale declive summae operariorum et augmentum sumptuum ob assecurationis socialis beneficia sicut pensiones publicas.<a href="#cite_note-224">[224]</a> Crescens iuniorum Iaponiensium numerus innuptus aut sine filiis est.<a href="#cite_note-Ogawa-225">[225]</a> Anno 2011, Iaponiae numerus incolarum deiectus est continente per quinquennium, cadentibus 204 000 hominum apud 126,24 milliones hominum. Quod fuit maximum declive saltim ex anno 1974, cum comparabiles rationes primum collatae sunt.<a href="#cite_note-226">[226]</a> Quod declive peius factum est propter <a href="/wiki/Terrae_motus_Tohoku" title="Terrae motus Tohoku">terrae motum</a> et <a href="/wiki/Megacyma" title="Megacyma">megacyma</a> Martii anni 2011, quae circa 16 000 hominum necaverunt.<a href="#cite_note-227">[227]</a> Iaponiae numerus incolarum in 95 milliones anno 2050 deiectum iri exspectatur;<a href="#cite_note-SHJ-C2-228">[228]</a><a href="#cite_note-229">[229]</a> demographi et gubernii adumbratores in praesenti magnopere disputant quomodo se obiciant hoc contra problema.<a href="#cite_note-Ogawa-225">[225]</a> <a href="/wiki/Immigratio" class="mw-redirect" title="Immigratio">Immigratio</a> et incentiva pro partū aliquando suggeruntur sicuti solutio ut praebeantur iuniores operarii qui veterescentem nationis multitudinem sustineant.<a href="#cite_note-230">[230]</a><a href="#cite_note-231">[231]</a> Iaponia medium fluxum 9 500 novorum Iaponiensium civium civitatis donatione per annum accipit.<a href="#cite_note-232">[232]</a> Secundum <a href="/wiki/Curator_supremus_Nationum_Unitarum_pro_refugis" title="Curator supremus Nationum Unitarum pro refugis">Curatorem supremum Nationum Unitarum pro refugis</a>, anno 2012, Iaponia profugos domo duodeviginti metacomisi<a href="#cite_note-233">[233]</a> solum accepit;<a href="#cite_note-234">[234]</a> Civitates Foederatae, autem, acceperunt 76 000.<a href="#cite_note-235">[235]</a> Iaponia altum <a href="/wiki/Mors_voluntaria" title="Mors voluntaria">mortis voluntariae</a> indicem patitur.<a href="#cite_note-236">[236]</a><a href="#cite_note-237">[237]</a> Anno 2009, mortium voluntariarum numerus 30 000 per duodecimum continuum annum excessit.<a href="#cite_note-238">[238]</a> Mors voluntaria praecipua mortis causa hominibus minus quam annos 30 natis est.<a href="#cite_note-239">[239]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Oeconomia">Oeconomia</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Recensere partem: Oeconomia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section's source code: Oeconomia">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Tosho_Arrows.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Tosho_Arrows.jpg/170px-Tosho_Arrows.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Tosho_Arrows.jpg/255px-Tosho_Arrows.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Tosho_Arrows.jpg/340px-Tosho_Arrows.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2008" data-file-height="2680" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bursa_Tokiensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bursa Tokiensis (non est haec pagina)">Bursae Tokiensis</a> interiora.</figcaption></figure> Secundum suum <a href="/wiki/PDG" class="mw-redirect" title="PDG">PDG</a> nominalem 5'8 <a href="/wiki/Billio" title="Billio">billiones</a> <a href="/wiki/Dollarium_(CFA)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dollarium (CFA)">dollariorum Statunitensium</a>, erat anno <a href="/wiki/2008" title="2008">2008</a> Iaponia tertia maxima oeconomia in toto orbe terrarum et quarta relate ad <a href="/wiki/Paritas_pecuniae_virium" class="mw-redirect" title="Paritas pecuniae virium">paritatem pecuniae virium</a>, cum 4,39 <a href="/wiki/Billio" title="Billio">billionibus</a> <a href="/wiki/Dollarium_(CFA)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dollarium (CFA)">dollariorum Statunitensium</a>,<a href="#cite_note-FMI-240">[240]</a>, quod accidit praesertim propter adiumentum inter gubernium industriamque, profundam laboris ethicam, collocationem pecuniae in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alta_technologia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alta technologia (non est haec pagina)">altā technologiā</a>, residuorum minutionem rerumque <a href="/wiki/Anacyclismus" class="mw-redirect" title="Anacyclismus">anacyclismum</a> et relative parvam dispensationem oeconomicam defensioni.<a href="#cite_note-241">[241]</a><a href="#cite_note-242">[242]</a> Apud praecipuas industriales activitates sunt <a href="/wiki/Ars_ingeniaria" title="Ars ingeniaria">ingeniaria</a> <a href="/wiki/Autocinetum" title="Autocinetum">autocinetica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Electronica" title="Electronica">electronica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Computatio" title="Computatio">computatio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ars_ferraria" title="Ars ferraria">ferraria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metallurgia" title="Metallurgia">metallurgia</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Architectura_navalis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Architectura navalis (non est haec pagina)">architectura navalis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Biologia" title="Biologia">biologia</a> et <a href="/wiki/Chemia" title="Chemia">chemia</a>, praesertim proficienti cum technologiā his campis.<a href="#cite_note-243">[243]</a> Apud merces ab Iaponiā exportatas vecturae instrumenta, motorizata vehicula, <a href="/wiki/Electronica" title="Electronica">electroelectronica</a> producta, industrialia machinamenta et chemica producta inter alia sunt.<a href="#cite_note-Japan-Economy-244">[244]</a> Praecipuae nationes Iaponiae ementes <a href="/wiki/Res_publica_popularis_Sinarum" title="Res publica popularis Sinarum">Sinae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Civitates_Foederatae_Americae" title="Civitates Foederatae Americae">Civitates Foederatae Americae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Res_publica_Coreana" title="Res publica Coreana">Corea Meridiana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taivania" class="mw-redirect" title="Taivania">Taivania</a> et <a href="/wiki/Hongcongum" title="Hongcongum">Hongcongum</a> anno 2005 erant.<a href="#cite_note-Japan-Economy-244">[244]</a> Nihilominus, Iaponia paucas opes naturae quae incrementum oeconomicum sustentet possidet et, quamobrem, aliis a nationibus pendet in eo quod ad materiam rudem attinet. Nationes maximum Iaponiae vendentes <a href="/wiki/Res_publica_popularis_Sinarum" title="Res publica popularis Sinarum">Sinae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Civitates_Foederatae_Americae" title="Civitates Foederatae Americae">Civitates Foederatae Americae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brasilia" title="Brasilia">Brasilia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arabia_Saudita" title="Arabia Saudita">Arabia Saudita</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emiratus_Arabici_Coniuncti" title="Emiratus Arabici Coniuncti">Emiratus Arabici Coniuncti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Res_publica_Coreana" title="Res publica Coreana">Corea Meridiana</a> et <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> sunt. Apud praecipua Iaponiae importaticia machinae instrumentaque, <a href="/wiki/Fomes_fossilis" title="Fomes fossilis">fomites fossiles</a>, cibaria (praesertim caro), chemicae materiae, textilia et materiae rudes suis industriis sunt. Praecipua Iaponiae natio socia commercialis Sinae sunt.<a href="#cite_note-245">[245]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Yokohama_Landmark_Tower_at_night_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Yokohama_Landmark_Tower_at_night_2.jpg/250px-Yokohama_Landmark_Tower_at_night_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Yokohama_Landmark_Tower_at_night_2.jpg/330px-Yokohama_Landmark_Tower_at_night_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Yokohama_Landmark_Tower_at_night_2.jpg/500px-Yokohama_Landmark_Tower_at_night_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="1692" /></a><figcaption>Districtus <a href="/w/index.php?title=Minato_Mirai_21&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minato Mirai 21 (non est haec pagina)">Minato Mirai 21</a> <a href="/wiki/Yokohama" title="Yokohama">Yokohamae</a>. Pleraque Iaponica oeconomia in <a href="/wiki/Campus_oeconomicus_tertius" title="Campus oeconomicus tertius">campo tertio</a> fundatur.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Rice_Paddies_In_Aizu,_Japan.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Rice_Paddies_In_Aizu%2C_Japan.JPG/250px-Rice_Paddies_In_Aizu%2C_Japan.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Rice_Paddies_In_Aizu%2C_Japan.JPG/330px-Rice_Paddies_In_Aizu%2C_Japan.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Rice_Paddies_In_Aizu%2C_Japan.JPG/500px-Rice_Paddies_In_Aizu%2C_Japan.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Oryzae satio in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aizu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aizu (non est haec pagina)">Aizū</a>.</figcaption></figure> Maxima argentaria in toto orbe terrarum in Iaponiā est,<a href="#cite_note-Mitsubishi-246">[246]</a> societas <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitsubishi_UFJ_Financial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitsubishi UFJ Financial (non est haec pagina)">Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group</a> (Iaponice 三菱UFJフィナンシャル・グループ),<a href="#cite_note-247">[247]</a> habens circiter 1,7 <a href="/wiki/Billio" title="Billio">billiones</a> <a href="/wiki/Dollarium_(CFA)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dollarium (CFA)">dollariorum</a> aerario non minus quam maximum libellorum parsimoniae cursualis systema in toto orbe terrarum et maximum numerum titularium parsimoniae in toto orbe terrarum, Tabellarium ministerium Iaponiense, corporativas syngraphas summā 3,3 billionum dollariorum possidens. Quoque est hac in natione secundum maximum <a href="/wiki/Chrematisterium" class="mw-redirect" title="Chrematisterium">chrematisterium</a> in toto orbe terrarum, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bursa_Tokiensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bursa Tokiensis (non est haec pagina)">Bursa Tokiensis</a><a href="#cite_note-248">[248]</a> (Iaponice 東京証券取引所), cum anatocismo<a href="#cite_note-249">[249]</a> bursario<a href="#cite_note-250">[250]</a> amplius 549,7 billionum <a href="/wiki/Ienum" title="Ienum">ienorum</a> Decembri mense anni 2006.<a href="#cite_note-251">[251]</a> Etiam locus est aliquarum maximarum societatum diakoniarum nummariarum, gregum societatum et argentariarum. Verbi gratiā, complura <a href="/w/index.php?title=Keiretsu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keiretsu (non est haec pagina)">keiretsua</a> (Iaponice 系列) seu greges societatum et societates multinationales sicuti <a href="/wiki/Sony" title="Sony">Sony</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumitomo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sumitomo (non est haec pagina)">Sumitomo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi" title="Mitsubishi">Mitsubishi</a> et <a href="/wiki/Toyota" title="Toyota">Toyota</a> argentarias, greges collocationis pecuniae et diakoniarum nummariarum habent.<a href="#cite_note-Keiretsu-252">[252]</a> Praecipuae oeconomicae operationes in Iaponiā inter insulas <a href="/wiki/Esonia" title="Esonia">Esoniam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Honsua" title="Honsua">Honsuam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Insula_Shikokuensis" title="Insula Shikokuensis">Sicocum</a> et <a href="/wiki/Ximum" title="Ximum">Ximum</a> transeunt. Quia 15% Iaponiensium agrorum idoneae culturae sunt,<a href="#cite_note-253">[253]</a> gradatorum agrorum<a href="#cite_note-254">[254]</a> systema est in usū parvulis areis. Quod summos gradūs fertilitatis pro unitate in toto orbe terrarum infert. Parvus Iaponiae agrarius campus, attamen, valde iuvatur protegiturque. Iaponiae opus est circa 50% granorum consumptorum, exceptā oryzā, importare et pendet ex importationibus suae carnis oblationi.<a href="#cite_note-255">[255]</a> Iaponia est secunda natio piscatuum effectoria in toto orbe terrarum secundum <a href="/wiki/Tonna" title="Tonna">tonnam</a> post <a href="/wiki/Res_publica_popularis_Sinarum" title="Res publica popularis Sinarum">Sinas</a> et habet unam e maximis navium piscatoriarum turmis in toto orbe terrarum quae respondet ad 15% piscatūs mundani.<a href="#cite_note-256">[256]</a> Natio peregrinis e nationibus 80% pendet suae suppeditationi petrolei et ciborum sicuti carnis <a href="/w/index.php?title=Caro_bubula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Caro bubula (non est haec pagina)">bubulae</a>.<a href="#cite_note-257">[257]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Toyota_FCV-R_Concept_WAS_2012_0630.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Toyota_FCV-R_Concept_WAS_2012_0630.JPG/250px-Toyota_FCV-R_Concept_WAS_2012_0630.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Toyota_FCV-R_Concept_WAS_2012_0630.JPG/330px-Toyota_FCV-R_Concept_WAS_2012_0630.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Toyota_FCV-R_Concept_WAS_2012_0630.JPG/500px-Toyota_FCV-R_Concept_WAS_2012_0630.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Archetypum autocineticum FCV-R <a href="/wiki/Hydrogenium" title="Hydrogenium">hydrogenio</a> motum. Societas <a href="/wiki/Toyota" title="Toyota">Toyota</a> secunda maxima societas <a href="/wiki/Autocinetum" title="Autocinetum">autocinetorum</a> fabricatoria in toto orbe terrarum est.<a href="#cite_note-258">[258]</a></figcaption></figure> Iaponia natio princeps est in scientificae, <a href="/wiki/Technologia" title="Technologia">technologicae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Machina" title="Machina">machinalis</a> et <a href="/wiki/Medicina" title="Medicina">medicae</a> investigationis campis. Aliquae apud praecipuas technologicas Iaponiae contributiones inveniuntur in electronicae, machinamentorum, roboticae industrialis, opticae, chemiae, <a href="/wiki/Semiconductrum" title="Semiconductrum">semiconductrorum</a> et <a href="/wiki/Metallurgia" title="Metallurgia">metallurgiae</a> campis. Iaponia prima natio in toto orbe mundano in industrialium robotorum campo, quia amplius dimidium robotorum in mundo exsistentium sunt in usū in eius industrias.<a href="#cite_note-259">[259]</a> Iaponicae magnae societates duobus praecipuis modis organizantur: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keiretsu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keiretsu (non est haec pagina)">Keiretsua</a> (Iaponice 系列) (seu retia verticalia) societatum e magnae specializatae societatis munere viventium iunctura sunt. Parvae societates centrali societati merces diakoniasque praebent.<a href="#cite_note-260">[260]</a> Maxima keiretsua circum societates <a href="/wiki/Toyota" title="Toyota">Toyota</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Toshiba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Toshiba (non est haec pagina)">Toshiba</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nissan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nissan (non est haec pagina)">Nissan</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hitachi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hitachi (non est haec pagina)">Hitachi</a> et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Panasonic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panasonic (non est haec pagina)">Panasonic</a> gyrant.<a href="#cite_note-Keiretsu-252">[252]</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Retia horizontalia seu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kigy%C5%8Dsh%C5%ABdan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kigyōshūdan (non est haec pagina)">kigyōshūdana</a> (Iaponice 企業集団) in conexū inter magnas societates fundantur. Quae <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zaibatsu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zaibatsu (non est haec pagina)">zaibatsuum</a> (Iaponice</li></ul> 財閥) heredes putantur. In praesenti praecipua retia horinzontalia <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitsui&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitsui (non est haec pagina)">Mitsui</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi" title="Mitsubishi">Mitsubishi</a> et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumitomo_Gur%C5%ABpu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sumitomo Gurūpu (non est haec pagina)">Sumitomo Gurūpu</a> sunt.<a href="#cite_note-261">[261]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Periegesis">Periegesis</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Recensere partem: Periegesis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section's source code: Periegesis">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Chuurei-tou_Fujiyoshida_17025277650_c59733d6ba_o.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Chuurei-tou_Fujiyoshida_17025277650_c59733d6ba_o.jpg/220px-Chuurei-tou_Fujiyoshida_17025277650_c59733d6ba_o.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Chuurei-tou_Fujiyoshida_17025277650_c59733d6ba_o.jpg/330px-Chuurei-tou_Fujiyoshida_17025277650_c59733d6ba_o.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Chuurei-tou_Fujiyoshida_17025277650_c59733d6ba_o.jpg/440px-Chuurei-tou_Fujiyoshida_17025277650_c59733d6ba_o.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5004" data-file-height="3336" /></a><figcaption>Templum Chūrei-tō et <a href="/wiki/Mons_Fusius" class="mw-redirect" title="Mons Fusius">Mons Fusius</a> iuxta cum <a href="/wiki/Cerasus" class="mw-disambig" title="Cerasus">cerasis</a> in viridario Arakurayama Sengen, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fuiiyoshida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fuiiyoshida (non est haec pagina)">Fuiiyoshidae</a>, in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Caium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Caium (non est haec pagina)">Caio</a><a href="#cite_note-Caium-262">[262]</a>.</figcaption></figure> Anno 2008, Iaponia 8,3 milliones advenarum salutatorum attraxit, paulo magis quam <a href="/wiki/Singapura" title="Singapura">Singapura</a> et <a href="/wiki/Hibernia_(res_publica)" title="Hibernia (res publica)">Hibernia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-UNTWO-263">[263]</a> Iaponiae sunt quattuordecim <a href="/wiki/Patrimonium_totius_mundi" title="Patrimonium totius mundi">patrimonia totius mundi</a> ex <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a>, apud quae sunt <a href="/w/index.php?title=Castellum_Himeiiense&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castellum Himeiiense (non est haec pagina)">Castellum Himeiiense</a> (Iaponice 姫路城) et Monumenta historica Antiqui <a href="/wiki/Kyotum" title="Kyotum">Kyoti</a> (praesentibus urbibus Kyoto, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Urbs_Uiiensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Urbs Uiiensis (non est haec pagina)">Uiiensi</a><a href="#cite_note-Uji-264">[264]</a> et <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%8Ctsu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ōtsu (non est haec pagina)">Ōtsuensi</a><a href="#cite_note-Otsu-265">[265]</a>). <a href="/wiki/Kyotum" title="Kyotum">Kyotum</a> amplius 30 milliones periegetarum quotannis accipit.<a href="#cite_note-Scott-266">[266]</a> Extensum ferriviarium rete, iuxta cum domesticis volatibus, efficientia rapidaque itinera permittunt. Advenae urbes <a href="/wiki/Tokium" title="Tokium">Tokium</a> et <a href="/wiki/Nara" title="Nara">Naram</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mons_Fusius" class="mw-redirect" title="Mons Fusius">Montem Fusium</a>, visentes, <a href="/wiki/Shinkansen" title="Shinkansen">shinkansen</a> (Iaponice 新幹線) utuntur et e nationalibus deversoriorum retibus fructum capiunt.<a href="#cite_note-Scott-266">[266]</a> Domestica periegesis praecipua Iaponicae oeconomiae societatisque pars esse pergit. Scholari aetate pueri in multis scholis secondariis <a href="/w/index.php?title=Terra_Disney_Tokium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Terra Disney Tokium (non est haec pagina)">Terram Disney Tokium</a> (Iaponice 東京ディズニーランド) aut <a href="/w/index.php?title=Turris_Tokiensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turris Tokiensis (non est haec pagina)">Turrim Tokiensem</a> (Iaponice 東京タワー) visunt. In periegesi receptivā, Iaponia collocata est 28º loco in mundo anno 2007.<a href="#cite_note-UNTWO-263">[263]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Infrastructura">Infrastructura</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Recensere partem: Infrastructura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section's source code: Infrastructura">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Energia">Energia</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Recensere partem: Energia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section's source code: Energia">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Electricity_pylons_in_Japan_DSCN3847_(4021584357).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Electricity_pylons_in_Japan_DSCN3847_%284021584357%29.jpg/250px-Electricity_pylons_in_Japan_DSCN3847_%284021584357%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Electricity_pylons_in_Japan_DSCN3847_%284021584357%29.jpg/330px-Electricity_pylons_in_Japan_DSCN3847_%284021584357%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Electricity_pylons_in_Japan_DSCN3847_%284021584357%29.jpg/500px-Electricity_pylons_in_Japan_DSCN3847_%284021584357%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Māli electriductūs in Iaponiā.</figcaption></figure> Anno <a href="/wiki/2008" title="2008">2008</a>, 46,4% <a href="/wiki/Energia" title="Energia">energiae</a> in Iaponiā e <a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">petroleo</a>, 21,4% e <a href="/wiki/Carbo" title="Carbo">carbone</a>, 16,7% e <a href="/wiki/Gasium_naturale" title="Gasium naturale">gasio naturali</a>, 9,7% e <a href="/wiki/Energia_nuclearis" title="Energia nuclearis">nucleari</a> et 2,9% ex <a href="/wiki/Energia_hydroelectrica" title="Energia hydroelectrica">vi hydroelectricā</a> generatae erant. Anno <a href="/wiki/2009" title="2009">2009</a>, generata energia nuclearis 25,1% e totā energiā electricā in Iaponiā repraesentabat.<a href="#cite_note-267">[267]</a> Nihilominus, e die <a href="/wiki/5_Maii" title="5 Maii">5 Maii</a> anni <a href="/wiki/2012" title="2012">2012</a>, omnia <a href="/wiki/Ergasterium_atomicum" title="Ergasterium atomicum">ergasteria atomica</a> hac in natione cessaverunt propter continuam existimationis popularis oppositionem post calamitatem nuclearem Fukushimae<a href="#cite_note-268">[268]</a><a href="#cite_note-269">[269]</a>, quamquam refecta sunt <a href="/wiki/Reactorium_nucleare" title="Reactorium nucleare">reactoria</a> secura putata ut societatum fabricatoriarum necessitates explerentur cum programmate eorum definitive claudendorum anno <a href="/w/index.php?title=2030&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2030 (non est haec pagina)">2030</a>. Ob magnam energiae importatae obnoxietatem,<a href="#cite_note-270">[270]</a> Iaponia ad variandos fontes et ad manendos altos energeticae efficientiae gradūs praesertim collineat.<a href="#cite_note-271">[271]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vectura">Vectura</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Recensere partem: Vectura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section's source code: Vectura">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:The_night_view_of_Tokyo_Narita_Airport_Terminal_1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/The_night_view_of_Tokyo_Narita_Airport_Terminal_1.JPG/330px-The_night_view_of_Tokyo_Narita_Airport_Terminal_1.JPG" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/The_night_view_of_Tokyo_Narita_Airport_Terminal_1.JPG/500px-The_night_view_of_Tokyo_Narita_Airport_Terminal_1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/The_night_view_of_Tokyo_Narita_Airport_Terminal_1.JPG/960px-The_night_view_of_Tokyo_Narita_Airport_Terminal_1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Statio autocinetorum stationis aëroportuariae I <a href="/w/index.php?title=A%C3%ABroportus_Internationalis_Narita%C3%ABnsis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aëroportus Internationalis Naritaënsis (non est haec pagina)">Aëroportūs Internationalis Naritaënsis</a>, qui urbi Tokio ministrat.</figcaption></figure> Iaponia efficiente <a href="/wiki/Autovia" title="Autovia">autoviario</a> et <a href="/wiki/Ferrivia" title="Ferrivia">ferriviario</a> reti nationem e septemtrione ad meridiem conectente perfoditur. Anno 2004, erant 1 177 278 chiliometrorum bituminatarum autoviarum, 173 chiliometrorum aëroportuum et 23 577 chiliometrorum ferriviarum.<a href="#cite_note-Japan-Economy-244">[244]</a> Aëria vectura magnopere a societatibus <a href="/w/index.php?title=All_Nippon_Airways&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="All Nippon Airways (non est haec pagina)">All Nippon Airways</a> seu ANA (Iaponice 全日空 seu 全日本空輸) et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan_Airlines&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Japan Airlines (non est haec pagina)">Japan Airlines</a> seu JAL (Iaponice 日本航空株式会社) geritur. Iam ferriviae a societate <a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan_Railways_Group&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Japan Railways Group (non est haec pagina)">Japan Railways Group</a> (Iaponice JRグループ) inter alias geruntur. Frequentatissimi aëroportūs in celebribus nationis regionibus, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Regio_Quantoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Regio Quantoa (non est haec pagina)">Quantoā</a><a href="#cite_note-Quantoa-62">[62]</a> et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Regio_Kansaiensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Regio Kansaiensis (non est haec pagina)">Regione Kansaiensi</a><a href="#cite_note-Kansaiensis-60">[60]</a>, sunt. <a href="/w/index.php?title=A%C3%ABroportus_Internationalis_Narita%C3%ABnsis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aëroportus Internationalis Naritaënsis (non est haec pagina)">Aëroportus Internationalis Naritaënsis</a><a href="#cite_note-Naritaensis-272">[272]</a> (Iaponice 成田国際空港), verbi gratiā, fequentatissimus nationis et octavus in toto orbe terrarum est. Sunt plurimi internationales volatūs ex aliquot urbibus et regionibus Iaponiae et hunc in nationem. Iam portuaria vectura, quamquam fundamentalis insulari nationi est, decrescit ex apice <a href="/wiki/Anni_1980" title="Anni 1980">annorum 1980</a>.<a href="#cite_note-273">[273]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Educatio">Educatio</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Recensere partem: Educatio" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section's source code: Educatio">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Yasuda_Auditorium,_Tokyo_University_-_Nov_2005.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Yasuda_Auditorium%2C_Tokyo_University_-_Nov_2005.JPG/250px-Yasuda_Auditorium%2C_Tokyo_University_-_Nov_2005.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Yasuda_Auditorium%2C_Tokyo_University_-_Nov_2005.JPG/330px-Yasuda_Auditorium%2C_Tokyo_University_-_Nov_2005.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Yasuda_Auditorium%2C_Tokyo_University_-_Nov_2005.JPG/500px-Yasuda_Auditorium%2C_Tokyo_University_-_Nov_2005.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>Unum ex aedificiis <a href="/wiki/Universitas_Tokiensis" title="Universitas Tokiensis">Universitatis Tokiensis</a>, unius notissimas apud universitates in Iaponiā.</figcaption></figure> Primum, <a href="/wiki/Lyceum_(schola)" title="Lyceum (schola)">lycea</a> et <a href="/wiki/Universitas" title="Universitas">universitates</a> anno <a href="/wiki/1872" title="1872">1872</a> in Iaponiam introducta sunt, post <a href="/wiki/Restauratio_Meiji" title="Restauratio Meiji">Restaurationem Meiji</a>.<a href="#cite_note-274">[274]</a> Ex anno <a href="/wiki/1947" title="1947">1947</a>, educatio obligatoria in Iaponiā e ludo litterario et scholā secundariā consistit, qui annos novem (e sex annos natos usque ad quindecim annos natos) durant. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Scientia_et_artes_utiles">Scientia et artes utiles</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Recensere partem: Scientia et artes utiles" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section's source code: Scientia et artes utiles">fontem recensere</a>]</div> Iaponienses nostro tempore et eruditione naturali et <a href="/wiki/Technologia" title="Technologia">artibus utilibus</a>, praesertim <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mechanica_utilis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mechanica utilis (non est haec pagina)">mechanicā utili</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adsectationes_medicinales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adsectationes medicinales (non est haec pagina)">adsectationibus medicinalibus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Autoraeda" class="mw-redirect" title="Autoraeda">autoraedarum</a> fabricatione, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ars_ingeniaria_terrae_motus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ars ingeniaria terrae motus (non est haec pagina)">arte ingeniariā terrae motus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Optica" title="Optica">opticā</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chemia" title="Chemia">chemiā</a>, <a href="/wiki/Semiconductrum" title="Semiconductrum">semiconductris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metallum" title="Metallum">metallorum</a> scientiā periti, praeterea <a href="/wiki/Robotica" title="Robotica">roboticas artes</a> experientissimi omnibus ceteris gentibus praestant.<a href="#cite_note-275">[275]</a> Trecenies autem ac miliens miliens (vel 130 billiones) <a href="/wiki/Dollarium_(CFA)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dollarium (CFA)">dollariorum Statunitensium</a>, vel tertio maximum per orbem terrarum, quotannis ad adsectationes scientiae impendit, ut praemium acceperint semel et viciens <a href="/wiki/Praemium_Nobelianum" title="Praemium Nobelianum">Nobelianum</a> ob meritum de physicā, chemiā, medicinā,<a href="#cite_note-276">[276]</a> ter autem <a href="/w/index.php?title=Praemium_Fieldianum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Praemium Fieldianum (non est haec pagina)">Fieldianum</a>,<a href="#cite_note-277">[277]</a> semel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Praemium_Gaussianum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Praemium Gaussianum (non est haec pagina)">Gaussianum</a>.<a href="#cite_note-278">[278]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Adsectationes_caeli">Adsectationes caeli</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=25" title="Recensere partem: Adsectationes caeli" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section's source code: Adsectationes caeli">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Kibo_PM_and_ELM-PS.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Kibo_PM_and_ELM-PS.jpg/250px-Kibo_PM_and_ELM-PS.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Kibo_PM_and_ELM-PS.jpg/330px-Kibo_PM_and_ELM-PS.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Kibo_PM_and_ELM-PS.jpg/500px-Kibo_PM_and_ELM-PS.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2039" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kibo_(laboratorium_Stationis_Spatialis_Internationalis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kibo (laboratorium Stationis Spatialis Internationalis (non est haec pagina)">Kibō</a>, <a href="/wiki/Laboratorium" title="Laboratorium">laboratorium</a> scientificum in <a href="/wiki/Statio_Spatialis_Internationalis" title="Statio Spatialis Internationalis">Statione Spatiali Internationali</a>.</figcaption></figure> Societas nationalis ad caelum vel <a href="/wiki/Spatium_(astronomia)" title="Spatium (astronomia)">spatium caeleste</a> adsequendum, nomine <a href="/w/index.php?title=Administratio_Iaponica_Explorationis_A%C3%ABrosideralis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Administratio Iaponica Explorationis Aërosideralis (non est haec pagina)">Administratio Iaponica Explorationis Aërosideralis</a> (Iaponice 国立研究開発法人宇宙航空研究開発機構 vel Anglicis <a href="/wiki/Sigla" class="mw-redirect" title="Sigla">siglis</a> JAXA), artibus et ad <a href="/wiki/Rocheta" title="Rocheta">rochetas</a> propellendas et ad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Satelles_artificiales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Satelles artificiales (non est haec pagina)">satelles artificiales</a> fabricandos operam dare solet. Quae anno <a href="/wiki/2008" title="2008">2008</a>, cum <a href="/wiki/Statio_spatialis_internationalis" class="mw-redirect" title="Statio spatialis internationalis">statio spatialis internationalis</a> a diversis gentibus construitur, <a href="/wiki/Laboratorium" title="Laboratorium">laboratorium</a> scientificum, nomine <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kibo_(laboratorium_Stationis_Spatialis_Internationalis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kibo (laboratorium Stationis Spatialis Internationalis (non est haec pagina)">Kibō</a> (id quod sibi 'spem' velit), ut ad stationem adiungeretur praebuit. Inita autem sunt consilia primum <a href="/wiki/Speculatrum_spatiale" title="Speculatrum spatiale">speculatri</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Akatsuki_(speculatrum_spatiale)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akatsuki (speculatrum spatiale) (non est haec pagina)">Akatsuki</a> appellati ad <a href="/wiki/Venus_(planeta)" title="Venus (planeta)">Venerem caelestem</a> immittendi,<a href="#cite_note-279">[279]</a><a href="#cite_note-280">[280]</a> deinde parandi <a href="/w/index.php?title=BepiColombo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BepiColombo (non est haec pagina)">Orbitatri Magnetospherici Mercuriali</a> (Iaponice 水星磁気圏探査衛星) ut emitteretur ad annum <a href="/wiki/2016" title="2016">2016</a>,<a href="#cite_note-281">[281]</a> postremo <a href="/wiki/Colonia" title="Colonia">coloniae</a> in <a href="/wiki/Luna" title="Luna">lunaribus</a> terris ad annum <a href="/w/index.php?title=2030&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2030 (non est haec pagina)">2030</a> ponendae et muniendae.<a href="#cite_note-282">[282]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Machinae_electronicae">Machinae electronicae</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=26" title="Recensere partem: Machinae electronicae" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section's source code: Machinae electronicae">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Machina_electronica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Machina electronica (non est haec pagina)">Machinae electronicae</a> excusae a <a href="/wiki/Faber" class="mw-redirect" title="Faber">fabris</a> Iaponiensibus, quod maximi aestimantur per totam orbem terrarum, undique gentium praeclarae sunt. Societates negotiosae ad machinas electronicas vendendas adnotandae sunt <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fujitsu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fujitsu (non est haec pagina)">Fujitsu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sony" title="Sony">Sony</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Panasonic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panasonic (non est haec pagina)">Panasonic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canon" class="mw-disambig" title="Canon">Canon</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hitachi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hitachi (non est haec pagina)">Hitachi</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sharp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sharp (non est haec pagina)">Sharp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nintendo" title="Nintendo">Nintendo</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Valetudo">Valetudo</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=27" title="Recensere partem: Valetudo" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section's source code: Valetudo">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Nagoya_City_West_Medical_Center.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Nagoya_City_West_Medical_Center.jpg/220px-Nagoya_City_West_Medical_Center.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Nagoya_City_West_Medical_Center.jpg/330px-Nagoya_City_West_Medical_Center.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Nagoya_City_West_Medical_Center.jpg/440px-Nagoya_City_West_Medical_Center.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1299" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Valetudinarium <a href="/wiki/Nagoya" title="Nagoya">Nagoyae</a>.</figcaption></figure> In Iaponiā, medicae curae diaconiae a nationalibus localibusque guberniis praebentur. Medicarum diaconiarum solutio oblata est per assecurationem <a href="/wiki/Valetudinarium" title="Valetudinarium">valetudinariam</a> quae cautione relativam accessūs aequalitatem defendit cum sumptibus gubernativo a consilio statutis. Homines sine assecuratione nationale assecurationis valetudinariae programma localibus a guberniis gestum participare possunt. Ex anno <a href="/wiki/1973" title="1973">1973</a>, omnium veterum hominum sumptūs assecuratione a gubernio solutā aditi sunt.<a href="#cite_note-283">[283]</a> Aegroti <a href="/wiki/Medicus" title="Medicus">medicos</a> et valetudinaria eligere possunt.<a href="#cite_note-284">[284]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultura">Cultura</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=28" title="Recensere partem: Cultura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section's source code: Cultura">fontem recensere</a>]</div> Iaponica cultura magnopere suis e originibus evolvit. Coaetanea cultura <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asianam</a> affectionem <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europaeae</a> et <a href="/wiki/America_Septentrionalis" title="America Septentrionalis">Boreoamericanae</a> coniungit.<a href="#cite_note-Haffner-285">[285]</a> Apud traditionales artes Iaponicas sunt <a href="/w/index.php?title=Opera_manualia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Opera manualia (non est haec pagina)">opera manualia</a> sicuti <a href="/wiki/Figlina" class="mw-redirect" title="Figlina">figlinae</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimono&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kimono (non est haec pagina)">textilia</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lacca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lacca (non est haec pagina)">laccae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gladius" title="Gladius">gladii</a> ac <a href="/wiki/Pupa" title="Pupa">pupae</a>; <a href="/wiki/Perfunctio" class="mw-redirect" title="Perfunctio">perfunctiones</a> sicuti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bunraku&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bunraku (non est haec pagina)">bunraku</a> (Iaponice 文楽), <a href="/wiki/Kabuki" title="Kabuki">kabuki</a> (Iaponice 歌舞伎), <a href="/wiki/Noh" title="Noh">noh</a> (Iaponice 能), <a href="/wiki/Saltatio" title="Saltatio">saltatio</a> ac <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rakugo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rakugo (non est haec pagina)">rakugo</a> (Iaponice 落語); et alii usūs sicuti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Caerimonia_theae_Iaponica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Caerimonia theae Iaponica (non est haec pagina)">caerimonia theae Iaponica</a> (Iaponice 茶道), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ikebana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ikebana (non est haec pagina)">ikebana</a> (Iaponice 生け花 seu 活け花), <a href="/wiki/Artes_martiales" title="Artes martiales">artes martiales</a>, <a href="/wiki/Calligraphia" title="Calligraphia">calligraphia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Origami" title="Origami">origami</a> (Iaponice 折り紙), <a href="/wiki/Onsen" title="Onsen">onsen</a> (Iaponice 温泉), <a href="/wiki/Geisha" title="Geisha">geishae</a> (Iaponice 芸者) et <a href="/wiki/Ludus" title="Ludus">ludi</a>. Iaponia evolutum systema habet ut protegantur et promoveantur tam tangibiles quam intangibiles <a href="/w/index.php?title=Possessiones_culturales_(Iaponia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Possessiones culturales (Iaponia) (non est haec pagina)">Possessiones culturales</a> (Iaponice 文化財) et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Acervus_nationalis_(Iaponia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acervus nationalis (Iaponia) (non est haec pagina)">Acervus nationalis</a> (Iaponice 国宝).<a href="#cite_note-286">[286]</a> Loca duo et viginti in <a href="/wiki/Patrimonium_totius_mundi" title="Patrimonium totius mundi">Patrimonii totius mundi</a> catalogo inscripta sunt, quorum octo culturalis ponderis sunt.<a href="#cite_note-287">[287]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Architectura">Architectura</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=29" title="Recensere partem: Architectura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section's source code: Architectura">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Kinkaku3402CBcropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Kinkaku3402CBcropped.jpg/250px-Kinkaku3402CBcropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Kinkaku3402CBcropped.jpg/500px-Kinkaku3402CBcropped.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2125" data-file-height="1489" /></a><figcaption>Templum <a href="/wiki/Kinkaku-ji" title="Kinkaku-ji">Kinkaku-ji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kyotum" title="Kyotum">Kyoti</a>, initio anno 1397 per <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muromachi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muromachi (non est haec pagina)">Muromachicam</a> periodum (Iaponice 室町時代) aedificatum.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Architectura" title="Architectura">Architectura</a> Iaponica inter locales aliosque influxūs compositio est. Specificata est traditionaliter ligneis a structuris, exigue elevatis e solo, cum <a href="/wiki/Tegula" title="Tegula">tegulatis</a> et <a href="/wiki/Stramen" title="Stramen">stramineais</a> tectis. <a href="/wiki/Ise_Magnum_Templum" title="Ise Magnum Templum">Templa Isensia</a> architecturae Iaponicae archetypum habita est.<a href="#cite_note-288">[288]</a> Pleraque lignea, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Minka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minka (non est haec pagina)">traditionales domūs</a> et multa <a href="/wiki/Templum" title="Templum">fanatica</a> <a href="/wiki/Aedificium" title="Aedificium">aedificia</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tatami&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tatami (non est haec pagina)">tatamicarum</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teges&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teges (non est haec pagina)">tegetum</a> et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sh%C5%8Dji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shōji (non est haec pagina)">convolutabilium ianuarum</a> usum vident quae inter conclavia et inter umbratile exterioreque spatium discrimen rescindunt.<a href="#cite_note-289">[289]</a> E <a href="/wiki/Saeculum_19" title="Saeculum 19">saeculo XIX</a>, nihilominus, Iaponia <a href="/wiki/Humanus_Cultus_Occidentalis" class="mw-redirect" title="Humanus Cultus Occidentalis">Occidentalis</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Architectura_moderna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Architectura moderna (non est haec pagina)">modernae</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Architectura_postmoderna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Architectura postmoderna (non est haec pagina)">postmodernae</a> architecturae plurima in constructionem designationemque incorporavit. Architecti post studium Occidetalibus cum architectis redientes modernismi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Genus_Internationale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Genus Internationale (non est haec pagina)">Genus Internationale</a> in Iaponiam introduxerunt. Attamen, non fuit usque ad compositum <a href="/wiki/Secundum_bellum_mundanum" title="Secundum bellum mundanum">Secundum bellum mundanum</a> cum Iaponienses architecti fecerunt maxime internationalem scaenam commoverunt, praecipue cum operibus architectorum sicuti <a href="/wiki/Kenz%C5%8D_Tange" title="Kenzō Tange">Kenzō Tange</a> et cum eius motibus velut <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metabolismus_(architectura)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metabolismus (architectura) (non est haec pagina)">Metabolismo</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Artes_subtiles">Artes subtiles</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=30" title="Recensere partem: Artes subtiles" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section's source code: Artes subtiles">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3558985/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:312px;max-width:312px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:151px;max-width:151px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:103px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:The_Great_Wave_off_Kanagawa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/The_Great_Wave_off_Kanagawa.jpg/149px-The_Great_Wave_off_Kanagawa.jpg" decoding="async" width="149" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/The_Great_Wave_off_Kanagawa.jpg/224px-The_Great_Wave_off_Kanagawa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/The_Great_Wave_off_Kanagawa.jpg/298px-The_Great_Wave_off_Kanagawa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4335" data-file-height="2990" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Xylographica <a href="/wiki/Saeculum_19" title="Saeculum 19">Saeculi XIX</a> impressio <a href="/wiki/Ukiyo-e" title="Ukiyo-e">ukiyo-e</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Magna_unda_Kanagawa%C3%ABnsis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Magna unda Kanagawaënsis (non est haec pagina)">Magna unda Kanagawaënsis</a> (Iaponice 神奈川沖浪裏)</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:157px;max-width:157px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:103px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:150504_Ritsurin_Park_Takamatsu_Kagawa_pref_Japan01s3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/150504_Ritsurin_Park_Takamatsu_Kagawa_pref_Japan01s3.jpg/155px-150504_Ritsurin_Park_Takamatsu_Kagawa_pref_Japan01s3.jpg" decoding="async" width="155" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/150504_Ritsurin_Park_Takamatsu_Kagawa_pref_Japan01s3.jpg/233px-150504_Ritsurin_Park_Takamatsu_Kagawa_pref_Japan01s3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/150504_Ritsurin_Park_Takamatsu_Kagawa_pref_Japan01s3.jpg/310px-150504_Ritsurin_Park_Takamatsu_Kagawa_pref_Japan01s3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hortus_Ritsurin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hortus Ritsurin (non est haec pagina)">Hortus Ritsurin</a> (Iaponice 栗林公園), unus apud clarissimos ambulationis hortos in Iaponiā</div></div></div></div></div> <a href="/wiki/Sculptura" title="Sculptura">Sculptura</a> Iaponica, praesertim lignea, et <a href="/wiki/Pictura" title="Pictura">pictura</a> Iaponica antiquissimas apud Iaponicas artes sunt, cum primae figurativae picturae saltem a 300 a.C.n. incepissent. Picturae Iaponicae historia synthesin et aemulationem inter indigenas Iaponicas <a href="/wiki/Aesthetica" title="Aesthetica">aestheticas</a> et importatarum idearum adaptationem ostendit.<a href="#cite_note-Arrowsmith-290">[290]</a> Interactio inter Iaponicam et <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europaeam</a> artem significativa fuit: exempli gratiā, <a href="/wiki/Impressio" title="Impressio">imagines</a> <a href="/wiki/Ukiyo-e" title="Ukiyo-e">ukiyo-e</a>, quae in <a href="/wiki/Saeculum_19" title="Saeculum 19">saeculo XIX</a> in motū <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponismus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iaponismus (non est haec pagina)">Iaponismo</a> nuncupato exportari coeperunt, significativam vim habuerent ad evolvendam <a href="/wiki/Modernismus" title="Modernismus">modernisticam</a> artem in <a href="/wiki/Humanus_Cultus_Occidentalis" class="mw-redirect" title="Humanus Cultus Occidentalis">Occidente</a>, praesertim in <a href="/wiki/Postimpressionismus" title="Postimpressionismus">postimpressionismo</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Arrowsmith-290">[290]</a> Iaponicus <a href="/wiki/Manga" title="Manga">manga</a> in <a href="/wiki/Saeculum_20" title="Saeculum 20">saeculo XX</a> evolvit et popularis in toto orbe terrarum factus est. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cinematographia">Cinematographia</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=31" title="Recensere partem: Cinematographia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section's source code: Cinematographia">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Akirakurosawa-onthesetof7samurai-1953-page88.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Akirakurosawa-onthesetof7samurai-1953-page88.jpg/120px-Akirakurosawa-onthesetof7samurai-1953-page88.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Akirakurosawa-onthesetof7samurai-1953-page88.jpg/250px-Akirakurosawa-onthesetof7samurai-1953-page88.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1615" data-file-height="2705" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Akira_Kurosawa" title="Akira Kurosawa">Akira Kurosawa</a>.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Cinematographia" title="Cinematographia">Cinematographia</a> Iaponica (Iaponice 日本映画) historiam multis sensibus analogam habet ad eam aliarum mundanarum cinematographiarum, aliquā cum propriā peculiaritate. Industria cinematographica Iaponica, valde conformata casū productionum maiorum, sicuti in <a href="/wiki/Ruscisilva" title="Ruscisilva">Ruscisilvā</a>, primam auream aetatem in <a href="/wiki/Anni_1920" title="Anni 1920">annis 20</a> et <a href="/wiki/Anni_1930" title="Anni 1930">30</a> habuit, cum extraordinariarum divitiarum productione quae vero nationales limites non excessit<a href="#cite_note-291">[291]</a> et suum proprium fastigium in <a href="/wiki/Anni_1950" title="Anni 1950">annis 50</a> attigit, cum productio maximam magnitudinem attigit, cum <a href="/wiki/Pellicula" title="Pellicula">pelliculis</a> quingentis amplius<a href="#cite_note-292">[292]</a> et extraordinariae artificiosae qualitatis opera aliquibus a <a href="/wiki/Dispositor_cinematographicus" title="Dispositor cinematographicus">dispositoribus</a>, sicuti <a href="/wiki/Akira_Kurosawa" title="Akira Kurosawa">Akira Kurosawa</a> et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kenji_Mizoguchi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kenji Mizoguchi (non est haec pagina)">Kenji Mizoguchi</a>, Occidentem, ope <a href="/w/index.php?title=Festum_cinematographicum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Festum cinematographicum (non est haec pagina)">festorum</a>, cinematographiae Iaponicae exsistentiam invenire fecit, e pelliculā <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rash%C5%8Dmon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rashōmon (non est haec pagina)">Rashōmon</a> (羅生門), anni <a href="/wiki/1950" title="1950">1950</a> et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leo_aureus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leo aureus (non est haec pagina)">leonem aureum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Mostra_Internazionale_d%27Arte_Cinematografica" title="Mostra Internazionale d'Arte Cinematografica">Exhibitione internationali artis cinematographicae</a> et <a href="/wiki/Praemia_Academiae" class="mw-redirect" title="Praemia Academiae">praemium Academiae</a> optimae peregrinae pelliculae vincente. Exeuntibus <a href="/wiki/Anni_1950" title="Anni 1950">annis 50</a> et ineuntibus <a href="/wiki/Anni_1960" title="Anni 1960">annis 60</a>, adhuc cinematographia Iaponica internationale <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nouvelle_Vague&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nouvelle Vague (non est haec pagina)">Novarum Undarum</a> phaenomenon curavit et emerserunt novi internationalis excellentiae dispositores sicuti <a href="/wiki/Nagisa_%C5%8Cshima" title="Nagisa Ōshima">Nagisa Ōshima</a> et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sh%C5%8Dhei_Imamura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shōhei Imamura (non est haec pagina)">Shōhei Imamura</a>. Per <a href="/wiki/Anni_1960" title="Anni 1960">annos 60</a>, cinematographicum productivum systema, attamen, repente passum est insuperabili <a href="/wiki/Televisio" title="Televisio">televisionis</a> aemulatione et declinationis iter inivit, progressivā cum deminutione in productarum pellicularum, <a href="/wiki/Cinemateum" title="Cinemateum">cinemateorum</a> et spectatorum numero.<a href="#cite_note-293">[293]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Litterae_et_philosophia">Litterae et philosophia</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=32" title="Recensere partem: Litterae et philosophia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section's source code: Litterae et philosophia">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <div style="margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 2px; text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Searchtool.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/20px-Searchtool.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/40px-Searchtool.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a> Si plus cognoscere vis, vide etiam <a href="/wiki/Litterae_Iaponiae" title="Litterae Iaponiae">Litterae Iaponiae</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Genji_emaki_01003_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Genji_emaki_01003_001.jpg/250px-Genji_emaki_01003_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Genji_emaki_01003_001.jpg/330px-Genji_emaki_01003_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Genji_emaki_01003_001.jpg/500px-Genji_emaki_01003_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2142" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Saeculum_12" title="Saeculum 12">Saeculi XII</a> figuris distinctus rotulus de <a href="/wiki/Genji_monogatari" title="Genji monogatari">Gestis Genji</a>, Thesaurus nationalis Iaponiae.</figcaption></figure> Apud primaeva <a href="/wiki/Litterae_Iaponiae" title="Litterae Iaponiae">Iaponicarum litterarum</a> opera, Annales <a href="/wiki/Kojiki" title="Kojiki">Kojikicae</a> (Iaponice 古事記) ac <a href="/wiki/Nihon_Shoki" title="Nihon Shoki">Annales Iaponicae</a> (Iaponice 日本書紀) et <a href="/wiki/Anthologia" title="Anthologia">anthologia</a> <a href="/wiki/Waka" title="Waka">wakae</a> <a href="/wiki/Man%27y%C5%8Dsh%C5%AB" title="Man'yōshū">Man'yōshū</a> (Iaponice 万葉集) sunt, omnes e saeculo VIII et <a href="/wiki/Character_Sinicus" title="Character Sinicus">characteribus Sinicis</a> scripti.<a href="#cite_note-294">[294]</a><a href="#cite_note-295">[295]</a> Ineunte <a href="/w/index.php?title=Periodus_Heianensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periodus Heianensis (non est haec pagina)">periodo Heianensi</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Phonogramma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phonogramma (non est haec pagina)">phonogrammatum</a> systema, <a href="/wiki/Kana" title="Kana">kana</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiragana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hiragana (non est haec pagina)">hiragana</a> et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Katakana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katakana (non est haec pagina)">katakana</a>) nuncupatum, evolutum est. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Taketori_Monogatari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taketori Monogatari (non est haec pagina)">Fabula lignatoris bambusae</a> (Iaponice 竹取物語) antiquissima Iaponica narratio putatur.<a href="#cite_note-Windows-296">[296]</a> Relatio vitae intra regiam domum in opere <a href="/wiki/Makura_no_soshi" title="Makura no soshi">Liber pulvinaris</a> (Iaponice 枕草子) a <a href="/wiki/Sei_Shonagon" title="Sei Shonagon">Sei Shōnagon</a> datur; alterā ex parte, <a href="/wiki/Genji_monogatari" title="Genji monogatari">Gesta Genji</a> (Iaponice 源氏物語) a <a href="/wiki/Murasaki_Shikibu" title="Murasaki Shikibu">Murasaki Shikibu</a> saepe prima <a href="/wiki/Mythistoria" title="Mythistoria">mythistoria</a> in toto orbe terrarum depinguntur.<a href="#cite_note-297">[297]</a><a href="#cite_note-298">[298]</a> Per <a href="/w/index.php?title=Periodus_Edoensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periodus Edoensis (non est haec pagina)">Periodum Edoënsem</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ch%C5%8Dnin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chōnin (non est haec pagina)">chōnin</a> seu <a href="/wiki/Oppidum" title="Oppidum">oppidanus</a> ordo socialis <a href="/wiki/Samuraeus" title="Samuraeus">samuraeam</a> aristocratiam excessit in creandis consumendisque litteris. Aura popularis operum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ihara_Saikaku&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ihara Saikaku (non est haec pagina)">Iharae Saikaku</a>, verbi gratiā, hanc mutationem lectorum et auctorum revelat; dum <a href="/wiki/Basho" title="Basho">Bashō</a> poëticam traditionem <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kokin_Wakash%C5%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kokin Wakashū (non est haec pagina)">Kokin Wakashū</a> (Iaponice 古今和歌集) cum suis <a href="/w/index.php?title=Haikai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haikai (non est haec pagina)">haikaibus</a> (Iaponice 俳諧) <a href="/wiki/Haicu" title="Haicu">haicibus</a> revixit et poëticum diurnum commentarium periegeticum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oku_no_Hosomichi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oku no Hosomichi (non est haec pagina)">Oku no Hosomichi</a> (Iaponice 奥の細道) scripsit.<a href="#cite_note-299">[299]</a> <a href="/wiki/Restauratio_Meiji" title="Restauratio Meiji">Aera Meiji</a> traditionalium litterariarum formarum declive vidit, quia Iaponicae litterae Occidentales influxūs integraverunt. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Natsume_S%C5%8Dseki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Natsume Sōseki (non est haec pagina)">Natsume Sōseki</a> et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mori_%C5%8Cgai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mori Ōgai (non est haec pagina)">Mori Ōgai</a> primi "moderni" <a href="/wiki/Mythistoria" title="Mythistoria">mythistoriographi</a> fuerunt, quos secuti sunt <a href="/wiki/Ry%C5%ABnosuke_Akutagawa" title="Ryūnosuke Akutagawa">Ryūnosuke Akutagawa</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jun%27ichir%C5%8D_Tanizaki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jun'ichirō Tanizaki (non est haec pagina)">Jun'ichirō Tanizaki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mishima_Yukio" title="Mishima Yukio">Mishima Yukio</a> et recentius <a href="/wiki/Haruki_Murakami" title="Haruki Murakami">Haruki Murakami</a>. Iaponia duos <a href="/wiki/Praemium_Nobelianum_litterarum" title="Praemium Nobelianum litterarum">praemio Nobeliano laureatos</a> auctores, <a href="/wiki/Yasunari_Kawabata" title="Yasunari Kawabata">Yasunari Kawabata</a> anno 1968 et <a href="/wiki/Kenzaburo_Oe" title="Kenzaburo Oe">Kenzaburo Oe</a> anno 1994, habet.<a href="#cite_note-Windows-296">[296]</a> Iaponica <a href="/wiki/Philosophia" title="Philosophia">philosophia</a> historice commixtio non solum peregrinorum, praesertim <a href="/wiki/Philosophia_Sinica" title="Philosophia Sinica">Sinicorum</a> ac <a href="/wiki/Philosophia_Occidentalis" title="Philosophia Occidentalis">Occidentalium</a>, sed etiam unicorum Iaponicorum elementorum fuit. In litterariā cuius formā, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophia_Iaponica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophia Iaponica (non est haec pagina)">philosophia Iaponica</a> circa saecula quattuordecim abhinc coepit. <a href="/wiki/Confucianismus" title="Confucianismus">Confucianistica</a> desiderata adhuc perspicua sunt in Iaponico societatis ac <a href="/w/index.php?title=Seipse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seipse (non est haec pagina)">suiipsius</a> conceptū et in <a href="/wiki/Gubernatio" class="mw-redirect" title="Gubernatio">gubernii</a> ordinatione et <a href="/wiki/Societas_humana" title="Societas humana">societatis</a> structurā.<a href="#cite_note-300">[300]</a> <a href="/wiki/Buddhismus" title="Buddhismus">Buddhismus</a> <a href="/wiki/Psychologia" title="Psychologia">psychologiam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metaphysica" title="Metaphysica">metaphysicam</a> et <a href="/wiki/Aesthetica" title="Aesthetica">aestheticam</a> penitus affecit.<a href="#cite_note-301">[301]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Musica_et_artes_scaenicae">Musica et artes scaenicae</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=33" title="Recensere partem: Musica et artes scaenicae" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section's source code: Musica et artes scaenicae">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:%E6%98%A5%E6%97%A5%E7%A5%9E%E7%A4%BE%E3%83%BC%E7%AF%A0%E5%B1%B1%E3%83%BC%E7%BF%81%E5%A5%89%E7%B4%8DP1011774.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/%E6%98%A5%E6%97%A5%E7%A5%9E%E7%A4%BE%E3%83%BC%E7%AF%A0%E5%B1%B1%E3%83%BC%E7%BF%81%E5%A5%89%E7%B4%8DP1011774.jpg/250px-%E6%98%A5%E6%97%A5%E7%A5%9E%E7%A4%BE%E3%83%BC%E7%AF%A0%E5%B1%B1%E3%83%BC%E7%BF%81%E5%A5%89%E7%B4%8DP1011774.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/%E6%98%A5%E6%97%A5%E7%A5%9E%E7%A4%BE%E3%83%BC%E7%AF%A0%E5%B1%B1%E3%83%BC%E7%BF%81%E5%A5%89%E7%B4%8DP1011774.jpg/330px-%E6%98%A5%E6%97%A5%E7%A5%9E%E7%A4%BE%E3%83%BC%E7%AF%A0%E5%B1%B1%E3%83%BC%E7%BF%81%E5%A5%89%E7%B4%8DP1011774.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/%E6%98%A5%E6%97%A5%E7%A5%9E%E7%A4%BE%E3%83%BC%E7%AF%A0%E5%B1%B1%E3%83%BC%E7%BF%81%E5%A5%89%E7%B4%8DP1011774.jpg/500px-%E6%98%A5%E6%97%A5%E7%A5%9E%E7%A4%BE%E3%83%BC%E7%AF%A0%E5%B1%B1%E3%83%BC%E7%BF%81%E5%A5%89%E7%B4%8DP1011774.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Noh" title="Noh">Nohalis</a> actio in <a href="/wiki/Sintoismus" title="Sintoismus">Sintoistico</a> sanctuario.</figcaption></figure> Musica Iaponica eclectica variaque est. Multa <a href="/wiki/Instrumentum_musicum" title="Instrumentum musicum">instrumenta</a>, prout <a href="/w/index.php?title=Koto_(instrumentum)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koto (instrumentum) (non est haec pagina)">koto</a> (Iaponice 箏), in Iaponiam saeculis IX et X introducta sunt. Popularis <a href="/wiki/Carmen_vulgare" class="mw-redirect" title="Carmen vulgare">musica vulgaris</a>, cum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shamisen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shamisen (non est haec pagina)">shamisene</a> (Iaponice 三味線) simili citharae Hispanicae, originem trahit a saeculo XVI.<a href="#cite_note-302">[302]</a> Occidentalis <a href="/wiki/Musica_classica" title="Musica classica">musica classica</a>, exeunte saeculo XIX introducta, integralem culturae Iaponicae partem nunc format. Imperialis aulae symphoniae <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gagaku&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gagaku (non est haec pagina)">Gagaku</a> (Iaponice 雅楽) opera aliquibus ex Occidentalibus compositoribus affecit.<a href="#cite_note-303">[303]</a> Praeclaros apud classicos compositores ex Iaponiā, sunt <a href="/w/index.php?title=Toru_Takemitsu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Toru Takemitsu (non est haec pagina)">Toru Takemitsu</a> et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rentar%C5%8D_Taki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rentarō Taki (non est haec pagina)">Rentarō Taki</a>. <a href="/wiki/Musica_popularis" title="Musica popularis">Musica popularis</a> in Iaponiā post <a href="/wiki/Secundum_bellum_mundanum" title="Secundum bellum mundanum">bellum</a> exstante <a href="/wiki/Statunitensis" class="mw-redirect" title="Statunitensis">Statunitensibus</a> et <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europaeis</a> motibus magnopere affecta est, quod in <a href="/w/index.php?title=J-pop&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="J-pop (non est haec pagina)">J-pop</a> seu musicae popularis Iaponicae evolutionem induxit.<a href="#cite_note-304">[304]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karaoke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karaoke (non est haec pagina)">Karaōke</a> (Iaponice カラオケ) latissime culturalis activitas in usū est in Iaponiā.<a href="#cite_note-305">[305]</a> Iaponicae traditionales theatrales artes quattuor <a href="/wiki/Noh" title="Noh">noh</a> (Iaponice 能), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ky%C5%8Dgen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kyōgen (non est haec pagina)">kyōgen</a> (Iaponice 狂言), <a href="/wiki/Kabuki" title="Kabuki">kabuki</a> (Iaponice 歌舞伎) et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bunraku&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bunraku (non est haec pagina)">bunraku</a> (Iaponice 文楽) sunt. Noh et kyōgen theatrales traditiones apud antiquissimas perpetuas theatrales traditiones in toto orbe terrarum sunt. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Officiositas">Officiositas</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=34" title="Recensere partem: Officiositas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section's source code: Officiositas">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Geiko_2018_(29966920117).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Geiko_2018_%2829966920117%29.jpg/220px-Geiko_2018_%2829966920117%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Geiko_2018_%2829966920117%29.jpg/330px-Geiko_2018_%2829966920117%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Geiko_2018_%2829966920117%29.jpg/440px-Geiko_2018_%2829966920117%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3712" data-file-height="5568" /></a><figcaption>In Japoniā, irreverens putatur ut quivis calceos detrahere omittat antequam domum intret.</figcaption></figure> Iaponicae <a href="/w/index.php?title=Officiositas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Officiositas (non est haec pagina)">officiositatis</a> codex socialium morum exspectationes regit. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Honne_et_tatemae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Honne et tatemae (non est haec pagina)">Honne</a> (Iaponice 本音) et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Honne_et_tatemae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Honne et tatemae (non est haec pagina)">tatemae</a> (Iaponice 建前) veras cuiusquam hominis affectiones libidinesque moribus opinionibusque palam ostensibus opponunt.<a href="#cite_note-306">[306]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamato-damashii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yamato-damashii (non est haec pagina)">Yamato-damashii</a> seu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamato-damashii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yamato-damashii (non est haec pagina)">spiritus Iaponicus</a> (Iaponice 大和魂) indigenus Iaponicus spiritus seu culturales valores adversus peregrinarum nationum valores describit. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wa (non est haec pagina)">Wa</a> (Iaponice 和) Iaponicus culturalis conceptus est qui pacificam unitatem et conformitatem intra gregem socialem denotat, ubi quivis socius constantem concordem communitatem potius quam sua propria commoda malit.<a href="#cite_note-307">[307]</a><a href="#cite_note-308">[308]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ishin-denshin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ishin-denshin (non est haec pagina)">Ishin-denshin</a> (Iaponice 以心伝心) <a href="/wiki/Idioma" title="Idioma">idioma</a> interpersonalis communicationis modum per tacitam mutuam comprehensionem denotans est.<a href="#cite_note-309">[309]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isagiyosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isagiyosa (non est haec pagina)">Isagiyosa</a> (Iaponice 潔さ) est virtus ut mors accipi possit cum animaequitate et aequanimitate. <a href="/wiki/Cerasus_(pomum)" title="Cerasus (pomum)">Cerasorum</a> flores (Iaponice 桜 sive 櫻; さくら) <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isagiyosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isagiyosa (non est haec pagina)">isagiyosanum</a> symbolum est sensū complectendi transitorii mundi.<a href="#cite_note-310">[310]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hansei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hansei (non est haec pagina)">Hansei</a> sive meditatio sui ipsius (Iaponice 反省) centralis idea Iaponicā in culturā est, ut quivis proprium errorem agnoscat et melior facturus esse polliceatur significans. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kotodama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kotodama (non est haec pagina)">Kotodama</a> sive verbi spiritus (Iaponice 言霊) remittit ad credibile ut mysticae vires verba nominaque incolant. Iaponia a sociologis sublimis contextūs cultura putatur. Homines hierarchicas dissimilitudines reverentur et minus explicite verboseque communicant.<a href="#cite_note-311">[311]</a> Sublimis contextūs culturae sicuti Iaponica animum magis in gregis intestina attendunt; demissi autem contextūs culturae in individua animum attendunt. Decorum servare (ut quivis dedecus pati aut suggillari evitet) plerumque habetur potius Iaponicā in sublimis contextūs culturā quam in demissi contextūs eis sicuti in <a href="/wiki/Civitates_Foederatae_Americae" title="Civitates Foederatae Americae">Civitatibus Foederatis</a> aut in <a href="/wiki/Germania" title="Germania">Germaniā</a>.<a href="#cite_note-312">[312]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Coquina">Coquina</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=35" title="Recensere partem: Coquina" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section's source code: Coquina">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:4_kind_of_makizushi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/4_kind_of_makizushi.jpg/220px-4_kind_of_makizushi.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/4_kind_of_makizushi.jpg/330px-4_kind_of_makizushi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/4_kind_of_makizushi.jpg/440px-4_kind_of_makizushi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5658" data-file-height="3866" /></a><figcaption>Quattuor genera <a href="/w/index.php?title=Makizushi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Makizushi (non est haec pagina)">makizushorum</a> (Iaponice 巻き寿司) seu <a href="/wiki/Sushi" title="Sushi">sushorum</a> volutorum.</figcaption></figure> Iaponica coquina propter emphasin in temporis cibo,<a href="#cite_note-313">[313]</a> elementorum qualitate et aspectū cognoscitur. Iaponica coquina vastam regionalium ciborum peculiarium varietatem quae traditionalibus praescriptis localibusque ekementis utuntur offert. <a href="/wiki/Conchylium" title="Conchylium">Conchylium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oryza_(victus)" title="Oryza (victus)">oryza</a> Iaponica et <a href="/wiki/Collyra" title="Collyra">collyra</a> Iaponica victūs Iaponicā in coquinā sunt, typice colligatis <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dashi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dashi (non est haec pagina)">dashis</a> (Iaponice 出汁), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ius_soiae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ius soiae (non est haec pagina)">iure soiae</a> (Iaponice 醤油), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mirin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mirin (non est haec pagina)">mirine</a> (Iaponice 味醂 sive みりん), <a href="/wiki/Acetum" title="Acetum">aceto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saccharum_(alimentum)" title="Saccharum (alimentum)">saccharo</a> et <a href="/wiki/Sal" title="Sal">sali</a> conditi. Fercula peregrino cibo —praesertim <a href="/wiki/Sinae" class="mw-disambig" title="Sinae">Sinico</a>— inspirata, sicuti <a href="/wiki/Ramen" title="Ramen">ramen</a> (Iaponica 拉麺 sive ラーメン) et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyoza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gyoza (non est haec pagina)">gyōza</a> (Iaponice 餃子 seu ギョウザ seu ギョーザ), non minus quam, fercula sicuti <a href="/wiki/Pasta_vermiculata" class="mw-redirect" title="Pasta vermiculata">vermiculi</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Curry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curry (non est haec pagina)">curry</a><a href="#cite_note-314">[314]</a> et <a href="/wiki/Isicium_Hamburgense" title="Isicium Hamburgense">isicium Hamburgense</a> cum Iaponicorum gustatūs elementorumque variationibus adoptata sunt. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Curry_Iaponicum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curry Iaponicum (non est haec pagina)">Curry Iaponicum</a> (Iaponice カレー), usque a suā instroductione in Iaponiam ex <a href="/w/index.php?title=India_Britannica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="India Britannica (non est haec pagina)">Indiā Britannicā</a>, tam diffusissime devoratur ut <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferculum_nationale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ferculum nationale (non est haec pagina)">ferculum nationale</a> appellari possit.<a href="#cite_note-315">[315]</a> Traditionalia Iaponica <a href="/wiki/Bellaria" title="Bellaria">bellaria</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wagashi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wagashi (non est haec pagina)">wagashi</a> (Iaponice 和菓子) nuncupantur. Elementa sicuti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anko (non est haec pagina)">anko</a> (Iaponice 餡こ seu 小豆餡) et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mochi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mochi (non est haec pagina)">mochi</a> (Iaponice 餅 seu もち) in usū sunt. Apud modernissimos hodiernos gustatūs est <a href="/wiki/Glacies_edibilis" title="Glacies edibilis">glacies</a> e <a href="/wiki/Thea_viridis" title="Thea viridis">theā viridi</a> (Iaponice 抹茶アイスクリ).<a href="#cite_note-316">[316]</a> Apud populares Iaponicas potiones est <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sake&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sake (non est haec pagina)">sake</a>, quod ex <a href="/wiki/Oryza_(victus)" title="Oryza (victus)">oryzā</a> cocta potio est et quod typice inter 14 et 17% <a href="/wiki/Alcohol" title="Alcohol">alcoholis</a> continet et quod confectum est multiplice e oryzae <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fermentatio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fermentatio (non est haec pagina)">fermentatione</a>.<a href="#cite_note-317">[317]</a> <a href="/wiki/Cervesia" title="Cervesia">Cervesia</a> in Iaponiā coquitur exeuntibus <a href="/wiki/Anni_1880" title="Anni 1880">annis 1880</a>.<a href="#cite_note-318">[318]</a> <a href="/wiki/Thea_viridis" title="Thea viridis">Thea viridis</a> in Iaponiā producitur et diversis modis paratur, sicuti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Matcha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matcha (non est haec pagina)">matcha</a> (Iaponice 抹茶), thea in usū in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Caerimonia_theae_Iaponica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Caerimonia theae Iaponica (non est haec pagina)">caerimoniā theae Iaponicā</a> (Iaponice 茶道). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Narrationes_pictae_et_ars_animandi">Narrationes pictae et ars animandi</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=36" title="Recensere partem: Narrationes pictae et ars animandi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section's source code: Narrationes pictae et ars animandi">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <div style="margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 2px; text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Searchtool.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/20px-Searchtool.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/40px-Searchtool.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a> Si plus cognoscere vis, vide etiam <a href="/wiki/Manga" title="Manga">Manga</a>.</div> <div style="margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 2px; text-align: left; font-size: 95%;"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Searchtool.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/20px-Searchtool.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/40px-Searchtool.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a> Si plus cognoscere vis, vide etiam <a href="/wiki/Anime" title="Anime">Anime</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Hokusai-MangaBathingPeople.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Hokusai-MangaBathingPeople.jpg/220px-Hokusai-MangaBathingPeople.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Hokusai-MangaBathingPeople.jpg/330px-Hokusai-MangaBathingPeople.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Hokusai-MangaBathingPeople.jpg/440px-Hokusai-MangaBathingPeople.jpg 2x" data-file-width="746" data-file-height="461" /></a><figcaption>Imagines in mangā depictae.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:MangaStoreJapan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/MangaStoreJapan.jpg/250px-MangaStoreJapan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/MangaStoreJapan.jpg/330px-MangaStoreJapan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/MangaStoreJapan.jpg/500px-MangaStoreJapan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="759" /></a><figcaption>Taberna mangarum in Iaponiā.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Manga" title="Manga">Manga</a> (<a href="/wiki/Iaponice" class="mw-redirect" title="Iaponice">Iaponice</a> 漫画) est <a href="/wiki/Narratio_picta" title="Narratio picta">libellus pictus</a><a href="#cite_note-319">[319]</a> Iaponicus. Homines qui mangas adumbrent <a href="/wiki/Mangaka" title="Mangaka">mangakae</a> appellantur. <a href="/wiki/Manga" title="Manga">Mangae</a> res magni momenti in <a href="/wiki/Cultura" title="Cultura">culturā</a> Iaponicā sunt, cum antiquitus colantur. In regionibus occidentalibus, mangae a sinistra dextrorsum imprimebatur, sed in Iaponiā a dextera sinistrorsum. Nunc a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kappa_Boys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kappa Boys (non est haec pagina)">Kappa Boys</a> (scilicet Anglice "Pueri Kappa"), sua pristina dispositio restituitur (id est a dextera sinistrorsum) in Italiā. Verba super imaginibus intra nubiculas scribuntur. Quarum magnitudo longitudine gravitateque sermone definitur. Sunt in Iaponiā multi mangakae; pauci autem in Americā et Europā. Imagines mangarum pulcherrimae a nonnullis habentur; non solum personarum, sed etiam <a href="/wiki/Animal" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal">animalium</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oculus_magnus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oculus magnus (non est haec pagina)">oculi magni</a> et significantes describuntur. Mangae <a href="/wiki/Color" title="Color">colore</a> <a href="/wiki/Niger" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Niger">nigro</a> et <a href="/wiki/Albus" title="Albus">albo</a> pinguntur. Sunt multa genera mangarum: infantibus, puellis, pueris, hominibus. In primis mangae in magnis <a href="/wiki/Liber" title="Liber">libris</a> cum aliis mangis imprimuntur; sed, si clarescunt, soli eduntur. Mangae et versiones pelliculares suae, quae nominantur <a href="/wiki/Anime" title="Anime">anime</a>, ex Iaponia in <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europam</a>, <a href="/wiki/America" title="America">Americam</a>, et in multas alias regiones orbis pervenerunt ita ut hodie pars universae <a href="/wiki/Cultura" title="Cultura">culturae</a> iuvenilis et popularis sint. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Momotaro%27s_Divine_Sea_Warriors-screeny.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Momotaro%27s_Divine_Sea_Warriors-screeny.JPG/220px-Momotaro%27s_Divine_Sea_Warriors-screeny.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Momotaro%27s_Divine_Sea_Warriors-screeny.JPG/330px-Momotaro%27s_Divine_Sea_Warriors-screeny.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Momotaro%27s_Divine_Sea_Warriors-screeny.JPG/440px-Momotaro%27s_Divine_Sea_Warriors-screeny.JPG 2x" data-file-width="903" data-file-height="592" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Othonographia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Othonographia (non est haec pagina)">Othonographia</a><a href="#cite_note-320">[320]</a> ex <a href="/w/index.php?title=Momotaro%27s_Divine_Sea_Warriors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Momotaro's Divine Sea Warriors (non est haec pagina)">Momotaro's Divine Sea Warriors</a> (1944), prima longioris taeniae pellicula animis.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Anime" title="Anime">Anime</a> (<a href="/wiki/Iaponice" class="mw-redirect" title="Iaponice">Iaponice</a> <a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A1" class="extiw" title="ja:アニメ">アニメ</a>, quod est <a href="/wiki/Apocope" title="Apocope">apocopatus</a> <a href="/wiki/Vocabulum" class="mw-redirect" title="Vocabulum">vocabuli</a> <a href="/wiki/Lingua_Anglica" title="Lingua Anglica">Anglici</a> animation <a href="/wiki/Pronuntiatus" title="Pronuntiatus">pronuntiatus</a> <a href="/wiki/Lingua_Iaponica" title="Lingua Iaponica">Iaponicus</a>) <a href="/wiki/Ars_animandi" title="Ars animandi">animationem</a> significat. Extra Iaponiam, hoc vocabulum vulgo animationem Iaponicam demonstrat. Quamquam primum anime Iaponicum notum anno <a href="/wiki/1917" title="1917">1917</a> factum est, multaeque animationes Iaponicae decenniis sequentibus divulgatae sunt, proprius animis modus <a href="/wiki/Decennium_197" class="mw-redirect" title="Decennium 197">decennio 197</a> evolutus est —insigniter in operibus <a href="/wiki/Osamu_Tezuka" class="mw-redirect" title="Osamu Tezuka">Osamu Tezuka</a>— et extra Iaponiam <a href="/wiki/Decennium_199" class="mw-redirect" title="Decennium 199">decennio 199</a> latissime notus est. Anime, sicut <a href="/wiki/Manga" title="Manga">manga</a>, magnam audientium frequentiam in Iaponiā et certam approbationem per orbem terrarum habet. Distributores anime per emissiones <a href="/wiki/Televisio" title="Televisio">televisificas</a>, recte per taenias visificas vel per <a href="/wiki/Interrete" title="Interrete">interrete</a> et per <a href="/wiki/Theatrum" title="Theatrum">theatrum</a> divulgare possunt. Exempla animis manu aut <a href="/wiki/Computatrum" title="Computatrum">computatro</a> effecta fiunt. Anime in <a href="/wiki/Series_televisifica" title="Series televisifica">seriebus televisificis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pellicula" title="Pellicula">pelliculis</a>, taeniis visificis, ludis computatralibus televisicisque, praeconiis mercatoriis, et divulgationibus <a href="/wiki/Interrete" title="Interrete">interretialibus</a> adhibetur atque plurima <a href="/wiki/Fictio" title="Fictio">fictionis</a> <a href="/wiki/Genus_(ars)" title="Genus (ars)">genera</a> attingit. Cum commercium animis in Iaponiā cresceret, populi favorem in <a href="/wiki/Asia_Orientalis" class="mw-redirect" title="Asia Orientalis">Asiā Orientali</a> et <a href="/wiki/Asia_Meridio-Orientalis" class="mw-redirect" title="Asia Meridio-Orientalis">Asiā Meridio-Orientali</a> consecutum est. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ludi_televisici,_computatrales_et_porticuum">Ludi televisici, computatrales et porticuum</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=37" title="Recensere partem: Ludi televisici, computatrales et porticuum" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section's source code: Ludi televisici, computatrales et porticuum">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Daiichhisega.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Daiichhisega.jpg/220px-Daiichhisega.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Daiichhisega.jpg/330px-Daiichhisega.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Daiichhisega.jpg/440px-Daiichhisega.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>Secundum aedificium Sega, quondam GiGO appellatum, magnum tabulatorum sex ludorum centrum societatis <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sega&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sega (non est haec pagina)">Sega</a> in viā Chūō-dōri, ante LAOX Aso-Bit-City <a href="/w/index.php?title=Akihabara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akihabara (non est haec pagina)">Akihabarae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tokium" title="Tokium">Tokii</a>, in Iaponiā.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Ludus_televisificus" class="mw-redirect" title="Ludus televisificus">Ludi televisifici</a> in Iaponiā praecipua industria est. Iaponica ludorum evolutio crebro identificatur cum Aureā aetate ludorum televisificorum, cum excellebant corporationes <a href="/wiki/Nintendo" title="Nintendo">Nintendo</a>, praesidibus <a href="/wiki/Shigeru_Miyamoto" title="Shigeru Miyamoto">Shigeru Miyamoto</a> et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiroshi_Yamauchi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hiroshi Yamauchi (non est haec pagina)">Hiroshi Yamauchi</a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sega&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sega (non est haec pagina)">Sega</a> eandem per periodum; <a href="/wiki/Sony" title="Sony">Sony Interactive Entertainment</a> cum habebat suam primariam sedem <a href="/wiki/Tokium" title="Tokium">Tokii</a>; et aliae societates mercatoriae sicuti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Taito&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taito (non est haec pagina)">Taito</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Namco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Namco (non est haec pagina)">Namco</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Capcom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Capcom (non est haec pagina)">Capcom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Square_Enix" title="Square Enix">Square Enix</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Konami&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konami (non est haec pagina)">Konami</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=NEC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NEC (non est haec pagina)">NEC</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=SNK&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SNK (non est haec pagina)">SNK</a> et caetera. Hic campus negotii cognoscitur catalogis aliquot praecipuarum societatum editoriarum, omnes quae de <a href="/wiki/Cartibulum_visificum_lusorium" title="Cartibulum visificum lusorium">cartibulorum visificorum lusoriorum</a> ac <a href="/wiki/Ludus_porticuum" title="Ludus porticuum">ludorum porticuum</a> commercio variis momentis temporis contendere. Societas <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sega&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sega (non est haec pagina)">Sega-Service Games</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Statunitensis" class="mw-redirect" title="Statunitensis">Statunitensibus</a> veteranis in Iaponiā post <a href="/wiki/Secundum_bellum_mundanum" title="Secundum bellum mundanum">Secundum bellum mundanum</a> condita, in vulgus ludum porticuum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Periscope&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periscope (non est haec pagina)">Periscope</a> (Iaponice ペリスコープ) anno 1966 emisit, praecipuum successum apud ludos porticuum in Iaponiā qui aliquot successūs decenniis in ludorum porticorum industriā ibi antecessit. Nintendo, antiqua chartarum lusoriarum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hanafuda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hanafuda (non est haec pagina)">hanafudae</a> societas mercatoria, claruit in <a href="/wiki/Anni_1980" title="Anni 1980">annis 1980</a> cum emisisset domesticum <a href="/wiki/Cartibulum_visificum_lusorium" title="Cartibulum visificum lusorium">cartibulum visificum lusorium</a> <a href="/wiki/Famicom" class="mw-redirect" title="Famicom">Famicom</a> (seu Family Computer Anglice, scilicet "familiae computatrum") nuncupatum, quod magnificens successus velut <a href="/wiki/Nintendo_Entertainment_System" title="Nintendo Entertainment System">Nintendo Entertainment System</a> seu NES in Civitatibus Foederatis Americae factum est. Sony, iam una maximarum societatum <a href="/wiki/Electronica" title="Electronica">electronicae</a> fabricatoriarum, hunc mercatum anno 1994 intravit propter <a href="/w/index.php?title=PlayStation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PlayStation (non est haec pagina)">Sony PlayStation</a>, unum primorum domesticorum <a href="/wiki/Cartibulum_visificum_lusorium" title="Cartibulum visificum lusorium">cartibulorum</a> quod graphicas tridimensionales computatrales ostendit et statim facta est maxima societas editoria in hoc negotii campo. <a href="/wiki/Shigeru_Miyamoto" title="Shigeru Miyamoto">Shigeru Miyamoto</a> internationaliter egregius sicuti "pater ludorum televisificorum" manet et unicus ludorum programmator longe qui Iaponicum maximum honorem civilem, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Homo_Meriti_Culturalis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Homo Meriti Culturalis (non est haec pagina)">Hominem Meriti Culturalis</a> (Iaponice 文化功労者), recepit. Ludorum porticuum cultura praecipuum pondus apud Iaponienses iuvenes est, dum Urbs Electrica <a href="/w/index.php?title=Akihabara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akihabara (non est haec pagina)">Akihabara</a> (Iaponice 秋葉原電気街) maximus nexus est appellatae culturae <a href="/w/index.php?title=Otaku&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Otaku (non est haec pagina)">otakuensis</a> (Iaponice おたく seu オタク) in Iaponiā, quae se valde superponit cum ludis televisificis. Iaponicus ludus personarum televisificus praecipuum genus non solum nationaliter sed etiam internationaliter est, cum titulis sicuti <a href="/wiki/Final_Fantasy" title="Final Fantasy">Final Fantasy</a> (Iaponice ファイナルファンタジ) et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dragon_Quest&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dragon Quest (non est haec pagina)">Dragon Quest</a> (Iaponice ドラゴンクエストシリーズ), quorum milliones venditi sunt. Iaponia propemodum 67,6 milliones lusorum anno 2018 habebat.<a href="#cite_note-321">[321]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Instrumenta_divulgationis">Instrumenta divulgationis</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=38" title="Recensere partem: Instrumenta divulgationis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section's source code: Instrumenta divulgationis">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Fuji_TV_headquarters_and_Aqua_City_Odaiba_-_2006-05-03_edit.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Fuji_TV_headquarters_and_Aqua_City_Odaiba_-_2006-05-03_edit.jpg/250px-Fuji_TV_headquarters_and_Aqua_City_Odaiba_-_2006-05-03_edit.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Fuji_TV_headquarters_and_Aqua_City_Odaiba_-_2006-05-03_edit.jpg/330px-Fuji_TV_headquarters_and_Aqua_City_Odaiba_-_2006-05-03_edit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Fuji_TV_headquarters_and_Aqua_City_Odaiba_-_2006-05-03_edit.jpg/500px-Fuji_TV_headquarters_and_Aqua_City_Odaiba_-_2006-05-03_edit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2013" data-file-height="1344" /></a><figcaption>Corporationis <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fuji_TV&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fuji TV (non est haec pagina)">Fuji TV</a> primaria sedes <a href="/wiki/Tokium" title="Tokium">Tokii</a>.</figcaption></figure> Televisio et diaria praecipuo munere Iaponicis in instrumentis divulgationis funguntur, quamquam etiam <a href="/wiki/Radiophonia" title="Radiophonia">radiophonia</a> et ephemerides quodam munere funguntur.<a href="#cite_note-322">[322]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gatzen-323">[323]</a> Per <a href="/wiki/Anni_1990" title="Anni 1990">annos 1990</a>, televisio diariis praestitit sicut Iaponicum praecipuum informationis oblectamentique instrumentum.<a href="#cite_note-新聞と読者-324">[324]</a> Sunt nationales intextūs televisifici sex: <a href="/wiki/NHK" title="NHK">NHK</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Divulgatio_publica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Divulgatio publica (non est haec pagina)">divulgatio publica</a>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nippon_Television&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nippon Television (non est haec pagina)">Nippon Television</a> (NTV), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tokyo_Broadcasting_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tokyo Broadcasting System (non est haec pagina)">Tokyo Broadcasting System</a> (TBS), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fuji_Network_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fuji Network System (non est haec pagina)">Fuji Network System</a> (FNS), <a href="/w/index.php?title=TV_Asahi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TV Asahi (non est haec pagina)">TV Asahi</a> (EX) et <a href="/w/index.php?title=TV_Tokyo_Network&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TV Tokyo Network (non est haec pagina)">TV Tokyo Network</a> (TXN).<a href="#cite_note-Gatzen-323">[323]</a> Intextūs televisifici plerumque statuti sunt, fundati in pecuniā quam exsistentes intextūs radiophonici collocaverant. Spectacula varietatum, commenticiae fabulae et nuntii magnam centesimam rationem apud Iaponica spectacula televisifica constituunt. Secundum anni 2015 percontationem a NHK de telespectandum in Iaponiā, 79 centesimae partes Iaponensium quotidie telespectant.<a href="#cite_note-325">[325]</a> Iaponienses lectores circiter apud quotidiana diaria 120 eligere possunt, cum medio subnotationis indice 1,13 diariorum per domum.<a href="#cite_note-326">[326]</a> Praecipua diaria <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yomiuri_Shimbun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yomiuri Shimbun (non est haec pagina)">Yomiuri Shimbun</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Asahi_Shimbun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asahi Shimbun (non est haec pagina)">Asahi Shimbun</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mainichi_Shimbun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mainichi Shimbun (non est haec pagina)">Mainichi Shimbun</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Nikkei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Nikkei (non est haec pagina)">Nikkei Shimbun</a> et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sankei_Shimbun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sankei Shimbun (non est haec pagina)">Sankei Shimbun</a> sunt. Secundum percontationem a societate Nihon Shinbun Kyōkai (Iaponice 日本新聞協会) anno <a href="/wiki/1999" title="1999">1999</a> gestam, 85,4 centesimae partes virorum et 75 centesimae partes feminarum diarium quotidie legunt.<a href="#cite_note-新聞と読者-324">[324]</a> Iaponia unam apud antiquissimas maximasque pellicularum industrias in toto orbe terrarum habet; pelliculae fiunt in Iaponiā ex anno <a href="/wiki/1897" title="1897">1897</a>.<a href="#cite_note-327">[327]</a> Pellicula <a href="/w/index.php?title=Godzilla_(pellicula_anni_1954)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Godzilla (pellicula anni 1954) (non est haec pagina)">Godzilla</a>, a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ishir%C5%8D_Honda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ishirō Honda (non est haec pagina)">Ishirō Honda</a> cinematographata, internationalis Iaponiae icon reddita est et non solum totum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaiju&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kaiju (non est haec pagina)">kaiiuvicarum</a> (Iaponice 怪獣) pellicularum subgenerum sed etiam diuturnissimam pellicularum venditionem concessivam in historiā genuit. Iaponia <a href="/wiki/Praemia_Academiae" class="mw-redirect" title="Praemia Academiae">Praemia Academiae</a> quattuor ob Optimam Pelliculam Linguā Peregrinā vicit, magis quam alia Asiatica natio. Iaponicae pelliculae animatae et series televisificae, <a href="/wiki/Anime" title="Anime">anime</a> nuncupatae, Iaponiensi <a href="/wiki/Manga" title="Manga">mangā</a> maxime afficiuntur et valde populares in <a href="/wiki/Humanus_Cultus_Occidentalis" class="mw-redirect" title="Humanus Cultus Occidentalis">Occidentem</a> fiunt. Iaponia nota est in toto orbe terrarum sicuti medulla <a href="/wiki/Ars_animandi" title="Ars animandi">artis animandi</a>.<a href="#cite_note-328">[328]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Indumenta">Indumenta</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=39" title="Recensere partem: Indumenta" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section's source code: Indumenta">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Japanese_traditional_dancer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Japanese_traditional_dancer.jpg/250px-Japanese_traditional_dancer.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Japanese_traditional_dancer.jpg/330px-Japanese_traditional_dancer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Japanese_traditional_dancer.jpg/500px-Japanese_traditional_dancer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimonum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kimonum (non est haec pagina)">Kimoni</a> exemplum.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimonum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kimonum (non est haec pagina)">Kimonum</a><a href="#cite_note-Kimonum-329">[329]</a> seu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Quimo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Quimo (non est haec pagina)">quimo</a><a href="#cite_note-Kimonum-329">[329]</a>, (Iaponice 着物) verbatim Iaponice "rem induendi" significans, notum Iaponicum traditionale indumentum indicat. Ab origine, hoc vocabulum ad omne vestimenti genere referebat, donec paulatim finivit referens solum ad typicum indumentum, nuncupatum Iaponice etiam ナガー着 (pronuntiatum naga-gi et verbatim "longum indumentum" significans), quo adhuc hodie se induunt peculiaribus occasionibus feminae, viri puerique. Etiam nuncupatur sicuti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wafuku&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wafuku (non est haec pagina)">wafuku</a> (Iaponice 和服, verbatim "Iaponicum indumentum"). Kimona seu quimones prompta sunt variis coloribus, formis magnitudinibusque. Viri generatim obscurioribus coloribus se induunt, feminae autem alacrioribus coloribus aut levibus se induere solent, crebro complicatis abstractis florealibusque adumbrationibus. Aestiva kimona, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yukata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yukata (non est haec pagina)">yukata</a> (Iaponice 浴衣) nuncupata, leviora sunt, quae crebro solum genua attingunt. Seriora kimona in usū numerosis stratis; quorum numerus, forma, manicarum longitudo et speciminis electio definiuntur secundum statum socialem et occasionem cum homines ipso kimono se induunt. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Feriae_et_dies_festi">Feriae et dies festi</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=40" title="Recensere partem: Feriae et dies festi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section's source code: Feriae et dies festi">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Young_ladies_at_Harajuku.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Young_ladies_at_Harajuku.jpg/250px-Young_ladies_at_Harajuku.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="212" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Young_ladies_at_Harajuku.jpg/330px-Young_ladies_at_Harajuku.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Young_ladies_at_Harajuku.jpg/500px-Young_ladies_at_Harajuku.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2454" data-file-height="2367" /></a><figcaption>Iuvenes feminae <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dies_Adulti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dies Adulti (non est haec pagina)">Diem Adulti</a> (Iaponice 成人の日) <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harajuku&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harajuku (non est haec pagina)">Haraiukū</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tokium" title="Tokium">Tokii</a> concelebrant.</figcaption></figure> Publice, Iaponia nationales et a gubernio agnitos dies festos sedecim habet. Publici dies festi in Iaponiā Lege Publicorum Dierum Festorum (Iaponice 国民の祝日に関する法律) anni <a href="/wiki/1348" title="1348">1348</a> temperantur.<a href="#cite_note-330">[330]</a> Ineunte anno <a href="/wiki/2000" title="2000">2000</a>, Iaponia <a href="/w/index.php?title=Systema_Felicis_Diei_Lunae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Systema Felicis Diei Lunae (non est haec pagina)">Systema Felicis Diei Lunae</a> (Iaponice ハッピーマンデー制度) implevit, quod nationalium dierum festorum numerum ad diem Lunae movet ut impetretur longus finis hebdomadis. Nationales dies festi in Iaponiā <a href="/w/index.php?title=Annus_Novus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Annus Novus (non est haec pagina)">Dies Anni Novi</a> (Iaponice 正月) <a href="/wiki/1_Ianuarii" title="1 Ianuarii">Kalendis Ianuariis</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dies_Adulti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dies Adulti (non est haec pagina)">Dies Adulti</a> (Iaponice 成人の日) secundo die Lunae Ianuarii, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dies_Conditionis_Nationalis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dies Conditionis Nationalis (non est haec pagina)">Dies Conditionis Nationalis</a> (Iaponice 建国記念の日) die <a href="/wiki/11_Februarii" title="11 Februarii">11 Februarii</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Natalis_Imperatoris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Natalis Imperatoris (non est haec pagina)">Natalis Imperatoris</a> (Iaponice 天皇誕生日) die <a href="/wiki/23_Februarii" title="23 Februarii">23 Februarii</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dies_Aequinoctii_Verni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dies Aequinoctii Verni (non est haec pagina)">Dies Aequinoctii Verni</a> (Iaponice 春分の日) die <a href="/wiki/20_Martii" title="20 Martii">20</a> aut <a href="/wiki/21_Martii" title="21 Martii">21 Martii</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dies_Sh%C5%8Dwae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dies Shōwae (non est haec pagina)">Dies Shōwae</a> (Iaponice 昭和の日) die <a href="/wiki/19_Aprilis" title="19 Aprilis">19 Aprilis</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dies_Memorialis_Constitutionis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dies Memorialis Constitutionis (non est haec pagina)">Dies Memorialis Constitutionis</a> (Iaponice 憲法記念日) die <a href="/wiki/3_Maii" title="3 Maii">3 Maii</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dies_Viriditatis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dies Viriditatis (non est haec pagina)">Dies Viriditatis</a> (Iaponice みどりの日) die <a href="/wiki/4_Maii" title="4 Maii">4 Maii</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dies_Puerorum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dies Puerorum (non est haec pagina)">Dies Puerorum</a> (Iaponice こどもの日) die <a href="/wiki/5_Maii" title="5 Maii">5 Maii</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dies_Maris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dies Maris (non est haec pagina)">Dies Maris</a> (Iaponice 海の日) tertio die Lunae Iulii, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dies_Montis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dies Montis (non est haec pagina)">Dies Montis</a> (Iaponice 山の日) die <a href="/wiki/11_Augusti" title="11 Augusti">11 Augusti</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dies_Reverentiae_Seniorum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dies Reverentiae Seniorum (non est haec pagina)">Dies Reverentiae Seniorum</a> (Iaponice 敬老の日) tertio die Lunae Septembris, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dies_Aequinoctii_Autumnalis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dies Aequinoctii Autumnalis (non est haec pagina)">Dies Aequinoctii Autumnalis</a> (Iaponice 秋分の日) die <a href="/wiki/23_Septembris" title="23 Septembris">23</a> aut <a href="/wiki/24_Septembris" title="24 Septembris">24 Septembris</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dies_Ludorum_Athleticorum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dies Ludorum Athleticorum (non est haec pagina)">Dies Ludorum Athleticorum</a> (Iaponice スポーツの日) secundo die Lunae Octobris, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dies_Culturae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dies Culturae (non est haec pagina)">Dies Culturae</a> (Iaponice 文化の日) die <a href="/wiki/3_Novembris" title="3 Novembris">3 Novembris</a> et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dies_Gratulationis_Laboris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dies Gratulationis Laboris (non est haec pagina)">Dies Gratulationis Laboris</a> (Iaponice 勤労感謝の日) die <a href="/wiki/23_Septembris" title="23 Septembris">23 Septembris</a> sunt.<a href="#cite_note-331">[331]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Artes_athleticae">Artes athleticae</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=41" title="Recensere partem: Artes athleticae" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section's source code: Artes athleticae">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Aki_basho_dohy%C5%8D-iri_on_Sept._28_2014.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Aki_basho_dohy%C5%8D-iri_on_Sept._28_2014.jpg/250px-Aki_basho_dohy%C5%8D-iri_on_Sept._28_2014.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Aki_basho_dohy%C5%8D-iri_on_Sept._28_2014.jpg/330px-Aki_basho_dohy%C5%8D-iri_on_Sept._28_2014.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Aki_basho_dohy%C5%8D-iri_on_Sept._28_2014.jpg/500px-Aki_basho_dohy%C5%8D-iri_on_Sept._28_2014.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4016" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sumo_(colluctatio)" title="Sumo (colluctatio)">Sumotori</a> luctatores circa arbitrum per caerimoniam intrandi in circulum se conficiunt.</figcaption></figure> Traditionaliter, <a href="/wiki/Sumo_(colluctatio)" title="Sumo (colluctatio)">sumo</a> Iaponica nationalis ars athletica putatur.<a href="#cite_note-332">[332]</a> Iaponicae <a href="/wiki/Artes_martiales" title="Artes martiales">artes martiales</a>, utputa <a href="/wiki/Iudo" title="Iudo">iudo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luctatio_caratica" class="mw-redirect" title="Luctatio caratica">caratica</a> et <a href="/wiki/Kendo" title="Kendo">kendo</a>, etiam longe lateque coluntur et spectantur ab Iaponicis spectatoribus. Post <a href="/wiki/Restauratio_Meiji" title="Restauratio Meiji">Restaurationem Meiji</a>, multae artes athleticae Occidentales introductae sunt.<a href="#cite_note-333">[333]</a> <a href="/wiki/Basipila" title="Basipila">Basipila</a> in praesenti ars athletica popularissima secundum numerum spectatorum hac in natione est. Summum Iaponia professionale certamen, nunc nuncupatum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Basipila_Professionalis_Iaponica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Basipila Professionalis Iaponica (non est haec pagina)">Basipila Professionalis Iaponica</a> (Iaponice 日本野球機構), conditum est anno <a href="/wiki/1936" title="1936">1936</a><a href="#cite_note-334">[334]</a> et late longeque putatur maximus professionalis basipilae gradus esse in toto orbe terrarum, extra <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maioris_Ligae_Basipila&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maioris Ligae Basipila (non est haec pagina)">Maioris Ligas</a> (Anglice Major Leagues). Cum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Certamen_Pediludii_Professionalis_Iaponicum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Certamen Pediludii Professionalis Iaponicum (non est haec pagina)">Certamen Pediludii Professionalis Iaponicum</a> (Iaponice 日本プロサッカーリーグ) anno <a href="/wiki/1992" title="1992">1992</a> conditum esset, <a href="/wiki/Pediludium" title="Pediludium">pediludium</a> multos fautores adipiscitur.<a href="#cite_note-335">[335]</a> Iaponia <a href="/w/index.php?title=Certamen_Intercontinentale_(Pediludium)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Certamen Intercontinentale (Pediludium) (non est haec pagina)">Certamen Intercontinentale</a> ex anno <a href="/wiki/1981" title="1981">1981</a> ad <a href="/wiki/2004" title="2004">2004</a> hospitavit et <a href="/wiki/Certamen_Mundanum_Pedilusorium_(2002)" title="Certamen Mundanum Pedilusorium (2002)">Certamen Mundanum Pedilusorium anni 2002</a> cum <a href="/wiki/Res_publica_Coreana" title="Res publica Coreana">Coreā Meridianā</a> cohospistavit.<a href="#cite_note-336">[336]</a> Iaponia unam prosperrimas apud turmas pedilusorias in Asiā, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Certamen_Asianum_Pedilusorium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Certamen Asianum Pedilusorium (non est haec pagina)">Certamen Asianum Pedilusorium</a> quater vincentem, habet.<a href="#cite_note-337">[337]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pilamalleus" title="Pilamalleus">Pilamalleus</a> etiam popularis in Iaponiā est.<a href="#cite_note-338">[338]</a> Iaponiae est significativa participatio in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludus_mechanicus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ludus mechanicus (non est haec pagina)">ludis mechanicis</a>. Iaponici autocinetorum fabricatores successerunt dissimilibus categoriis, cum palmis et victoriis in seriebus sicuti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Formula_Una&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Formula Una (non est haec pagina)">Formulā Unā</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Certamen_Mundanum_Automobilium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Certamen Mundanum Automobilium (non est haec pagina)">Certamine Mundano Automobilium</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Indycar_Series&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Indycar Series (non est haec pagina)">Indycar Seriebus</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Certamen_Mundanum_Autocinetorum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Certamen Mundanum Autocinetorum (non est haec pagina)">Certamine Mundano Autocinetorum</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Certamen_Mundanum_Patientiae_FIA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Certamen Mundanum Patientiae FIA (non est haec pagina)">Certamine Mundano Patientiae FIA</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Certamen_Mundanum_Autoraedarum_Privatarum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Certamen Mundanum Autoraedarum Privatarum (non est haec pagina)">Certamine Mundano Autoraedarum Privatarum</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Certamen_Britannicum_Autoraedarum_Privatarum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Certamen Britannicum Autoraedarum Privatarum (non est haec pagina)">Certamine Britannico Autoraedarum Privatarum</a> (Anglice British Touring Car Championship) et <a href="/w/index.php?title=WeatherTech_SportsCar_Championship&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WeatherTech SportsCar Championship (non est haec pagina)">WeatherTech SportsCar Championship</a>.<a href="#cite_note-339">[339]</a><a href="#cite_note-340">[340]</a><a href="#cite_note-341">[341]</a> Tres Iaponienses ductores in podium ascendere in Formulā Unā consecuti sunt et Iponienses ductores in <a href="/w/index.php?title=500_milia_passuum_Indianapolis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="500 milia passuum Indianapolis (non est haec pagina)">500 milibus passuum Indianapolis</a> (Anglice Indianapolis 500) et <a href="/w/index.php?title=24_Horae_Cenomani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="24 Horae Cenomani (non est haec pagina)">24 Horis Cenomani</a> (Francogallice 24 Heures du Mans) etiam vicerunt, praeter successum domesticis in certaminibus.<a href="#cite_note-342">[342]</a><a href="#cite_note-343">[343]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Super_GT&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Super GT (non est haec pagina)">Super GT</a> (Iaponice スーパージーティー) est popularissima series in Iaponiā, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Certamen_Super_Formula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Certamen Super Formula (non est haec pagina)">Super Formula</a> (Iaponice スーパーフォーミュラ) autem domestica maximi gradūs series est.<a href="#cite_note-344">[344]</a> Natio praecipuos cursūs quoque hospitat, utputa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnum_Praemium_Iaponiae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Magnum Praemium Iaponiae (non est haec pagina)">Magnum Praemium Iaponiae</a> (Iaponice 日本グランプリ), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnum_Praemium_Autobirotarium_Iaponiae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Magnum Praemium Autobirotarium Iaponiae (non est haec pagina)">Magnum Praemium Autobirotarium Iaponiae</a> (Iaponice 日本グランプリ), <a href="/w/index.php?title=10_Horae_Suzukae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="10 Horae Suzukae (non est haec pagina)">10 Horas Suzukae</a> (Iaponice 鈴鹿1000km), <a href="/w/index.php?title=6_Horae_Fujienses&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="6 Horae Fujienses (non est haec pagina)">6 Horas Fuiienses</a> (Iaponice 富士1000km), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cursus_Mundanus_Autoraedarum_Privatarum_Iaponiae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cursus Mundanus Autoraedarum Privatarum Iaponiae (non est haec pagina)">Cursum Mundanum Autoraedarum Privatarum Iaponiae</a> et <a href="/w/index.php?title=Indy_Japan_300&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Indy Japan 300 (non est haec pagina)">Indy Japan 300</a> (Iaponice インディジャパン300). Iaponia <a href="/wiki/Olympia_aestiva_1964" title="Olympia aestiva 1964">Olympia aestiva 1964</a> <a href="/wiki/Tokium" title="Tokium">Tokii</a> et <a href="/wiki/Olympia_hiemalia_1972" title="Olympia hiemalia 1972">Olympia hiemalia 1972</a> <a href="/wiki/Sapporum" title="Sapporum">Sappori</a> et <a href="/wiki/Olympia_hiemalia_1998" title="Olympia hiemalia 1998">Olympia hiemalia 1998</a> <a href="/wiki/Nagano%C3%ABnsis" title="Naganoënsis">Nagani</a> hospitavit.<a href="#cite_note-345">[345]</a> Ultra, natio <a href="/w/index.php?title=Certamen_Mundanum_Canistriludii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Certamen Mundanum Canistriludii (non est haec pagina)">Certamen Mundanum Canistriludii</a> anno <a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a> hospitavit et cohospitabit anno <a href="/wiki/2023" title="2023">2023</a> denuo idem certamen.<a href="#cite_note-346">[346]</a> Tokium <a href="/wiki/Olympia_aestiva_2020" title="Olympia aestiva 2020">Olympia aestiva 2020</a> hospitabit, quod Iaponiam primam <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asianam</a> urbem <a href="/wiki/Olympia_(certamina)" title="Olympia (certamina)">Olympia</a> bis hospitantem faciet.<a href="#cite_note-347">[347]</a> Haec natio iura officialis <a href="/w/index.php?title=Certamen_Mundanum_Femininum_Follis_Volatilis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Certamen Mundanum Femininum Follis Volatilis (non est haec pagina)">Certaminis Mundani Feminini Follis Volatilis</a> occasionibus sex adepta est, magis quam quaevis alia natio.<a href="#cite_note-348">[348]</a> Iaponia prosperrima est Asianas apud nationes in <a href="/wiki/Harpastum_XV" title="Harpastum XV">harpasto XV</a>, vincens in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Certamen_Asianum_harpasticum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Certamen Asianum harpasticum (non est haec pagina)">Certamine Asiano Harpastico</a> sexies et in nuper condito <a href="/w/index.php?title=Certamen_Nationum_Pacifici&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Certamen Nationum Pacifici (non est haec pagina)">Certamine Nationum Pacifici</a> anno 2011 vincens. Iaponia etiam <a href="/wiki/Certamen_mundanum_harpasticum" title="Certamen mundanum harpasticum">Certamen Mundanum Harpasticum</a> anno 2019 hospitavit.<a href="#cite_note-349">[349]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Codices">Codices</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=42" title="Recensere partem: Codices" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section's source code: Codices">fontem recensere</a>]</div> Iaponiae hi codices sunt: <ul><li>JPN, secundum normam <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISO_3166-1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISO 3166-1 (non est haec pagina)">ISO 3166-1</a> alpha-3 (catalogi codicum nationum);</li> <li>JPN, secundum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Catalogus_codicum_nationum_Consilii_Olympici_Internationalis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Catalogus codicum nationum Consilii Olympici Internationalis (non est haec pagina)">catalogum codicum nationum Consilii Olympici Internationalis</a>;</li> <li>J, secundum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Catalogus_codicum_internationalium_notaculi_autocineti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Catalogus codicum internationalium notaculi autocineti (non est haec pagina)">catalogum codicum internationalium notaculi autocineti</a>;</li> <li>JPN, secundum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Catalogus_codicum_nationum_quibus_OTAN_utitur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Catalogus codicum nationum quibus OTAN utitur (non est haec pagina)">catalogum codicum nationum quibus OTAN utitur</a>, codicem alpha-3;</li> <li>RJ, secundum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Catalogus_praefixorum_codicum_a%C3%ABroportuum_quibus_ICAO_utitur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Catalogus praefixorum codicum aëroportuum quibus ICAO utitur (non est haec pagina)">catalogum praefixorum codicum aëroportuum quibus ICAO utitur</a>;</li> <li>JA, secundum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Catalogus_codicum_nationum_quibus_OTAN_utitur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Catalogus codicum nationum quibus OTAN utitur (non est haec pagina)">catalogum codicum nationum quibus OTAN utitur</a>;</li> <li>JP, secundum normam <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISO_3166-1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISO 3166-1 (non est haec pagina)">ISO 3166-1</a> (catalogi codicum rerum publicarum), codicem alpha-2 (catalogi codicum civitatis);</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=.jp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".jp (non est haec pagina)">.jp</a>, secundum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dominium_summum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dominium summum (non est haec pagina)">dominium interretiale</a>;</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nexus_interni">Nexus interni</h2></div> <div class="div-col columns column-count column-count-4" style="-moz-column-count: 4; -webkit-column-count: 4; column-count: 4;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeroplanum_chartaceum" class="mw-redirect" title="Aeroplanum chartaceum">Aeroplanum chartaceum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_Diaetae_Nationalis" title="Bibliotheca Diaetae Nationalis">Bibliotheca Diaetae Nationalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anime" title="Anime">Anime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camicaze" class="mw-redirect" title="Camicaze">Camicaze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candies" title="Candies">Candies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fretum_Tsugaruense" title="Fretum Tsugaruense">Fretum Tsugaruense</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gagaku&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gagaku (non est haec pagina)">Gagaku</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ikebana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ikebana (non est haec pagina)">Ikebana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperatores_Iaponiae" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperatores Iaponiae">Imperatores Iaponiae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_Fontium_Latinorum_de_Iaponia" class="mw-redirect" title="Index Fontium Latinorum de Iaponia">Index Fontium Latinorum de Iaponia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabuki" title="Kabuki">Kabuki</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimonum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kimonum (non est haec pagina)">Kimonum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magatama" title="Magatama">Magatama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manga" title="Manga">Manga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morning_Musume" title="Morning Musume">Morning Musume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nihonjinron" title="Nihonjinron">Nihonjinron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Origami" title="Origami">Origami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perfume" class="mw-redirect" title="Perfume">Perfume</a><a href="/wiki/Disputatio:Iaponia" title="Disputatio:Iaponia">?</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philatelia_Asiana" title="Philatelia Asiana">Philatelia Asiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinto" class="mw-redirect" title="Shinto">Shinto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suscis" class="mw-redirect" title="Suscis">Suscis</a> (pisces incoctos)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukiyo-e" title="Ukiyo-e">Ukiyo-e</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/727_Nipponia" title="727 Nipponia">727 Nipponia</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notae">Notae</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=43" title="Recensere partem: Notae" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section's source code: Notae">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> Confer titulum <div> <table border="0" cellspacing="1" style="background-color:transparent"> <tbody><tr valign="middle"> <td><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/20px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/40px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a> </td> <td align="left">Vide <a href="https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Descriptio_Regni_Iaponiae" class="extiw" title="s:Descriptio Regni Iaponiae">Iaponia</a> apud <a href="/wiki/Vicifons" title="Vicifons">Vicifontem</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table></div> apud Vicifontem. "Japonia" apud <a href="/wiki/Iohannes_Iacobus_Hofmannus" title="Iohannes Iacobus Hofmannus">Iohannes Iacobus Hofmannus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lexicon_universale" title="Lexicon universale">Lexicon universale</a> (1698) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mateo.uni-mannheim.de/camenaref/hofmann.html">~</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> Keally, Carolus (Charles) T. (die 27 Aprilis anni 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.t-net.ne.jp/~keally/kofun.html">"Kofun Culture"</a> (Anglice). www.t-net.ne.jp. Japanese Archaeology. Inspectum die 28 Iulii anni 2018. </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> Kitagawa, Iosephus (Joseph) Mitsuo (1987).<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.es/books?id=h1xcc4cGL5cC&redir_esc=y">On Understanding Japanese Religion</a> (Anglice). Princeton University Press. p. 145. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9780691102290" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0691102290</a>. Inspectum die 28 Iulii anni 2018. </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> Szczesniak, Boleslaus (Bolesław) (1954). "The Sumu-Sanu Myth. Notes and Remarks on the Jimmu Tenno Myth" (Anglice). Monumenta Nipponica. 10 (1/2): 107–126. doi:10.2307/2382794. JSTOR 2382794. </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> Travis, Ioannes (John). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pitt.edu/~annj/courses/notes/jomon_genes.html">"Jomon Genes"</a> (Anglice). Universitas Pittsburghiae. Inspectum die 15 Ianuarii anni 2011. </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> Matsumara, Hirofumi; Dodo, Yukio; Dodo, Yukio (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/ase/117/2/117_080325/_article">"Dental characteristics of Tohoku residents in Japan: implications for biological affinity with ancient Emishi"</a> (Anglice). Anthropological Science 117(2): 95–105. doi:10.1537/ase.080325. </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a> Hammer, Michael F.; Karafet, TM; Park, H; Omoto, K; Harihara, S; Stoneking, M; Horai, S; et al. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/jhg20068">"Dual origins of the Japanese: common ground for hunter-gatherer and farmer Y chromosomes"</a>. Journal of Human Genetics 51(1): 47–58. doi:10.1007/s10038-005-0322-0. <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16328082?dopt=Abstract">PMID 16328082</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a> Denoon, Donaldus (Donald); Hudson, Marcus (Mark) (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.es/books?id=XUw6kiX9LQ0C&redir_esc=y">Multicultural Japan: palaeolithic to postmodern</a> (Cambridge University Press), 22–23. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9780521003629" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-521-00362-9</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110430010530/http://www.kahaku.go.jp/special/past/japanese/ipix/5/5-25.html">"Oryzae plantae via"</a> (Iaponice). [Museum Nationale Scientiae Iaponicum]. Archivatum ex originali pridie Kalendas Maias annis 2011. Inspectum die 15 Ianuarii anni 2011. </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/kofu/hd_kofu.htm">"Kofun Period"</a> (Anglice). Museum Metropolitanum Artis. Inspectum die 15 Ianuarii anni 2011. </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/yayo/hd_yayo.htm">"Yayoi Culture"</a> (Novi Eboraci: Museum Metropolitanum Artis). Inspectum die 15 Ianuarii 2011. </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a> Takashi, Okazaki; Goodwin, Janet (1993). "Japan and the continent". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.es/books?id=A3_6lp8IOK8C&redir_esc=y">The Cambridge history of Japan, Volume 1: Ancient Japan</a> (Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press), 275. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9780521223522" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-521-22352-2</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a> Delmer M. Brown, ed. (1993), The Cambridge History of Japan (Cambridge University Press), 140–149. </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a> Confer binomen "Streptomyces nodosus subsp. asukaensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a> Gulielmus Geraldus Beasley (William Gerald) (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.es/books?id=9AivK7yMICgC&redir_esc=y">The Japanese Experience: A Short History of Japan</a> (Berkeleiae: University of California Press), 42. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9780520225602" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-520-22560-2</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a> Confer binomina "Streptomyces naraensis" et "Epistominella naraensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a> Totman, Conradus (Conrad) (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.es/books?id=Z_a_QgAACAAJ&redir_esc=y">A History of Japan</a>. Blackwell. pp. 64–79. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9781405123594" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-4051-2359-4</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a> Hays, J.N. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.es/books?id=GyE8Qt-kS1kC&redir_esc=y">Epidemics and pandemics: their impacts on human history</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=ABC-CLIO&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ABC-CLIO (non est haec pagina)">ABC-CLIO</a>), 31. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9781851096589" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-85109-658-9</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a> Confer binomen "Lobatannularia heianensis." </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a> Totman, Conradus (Conrad) (2002). A History of Japan (Anglice). Blackwell. pp. 79–87, 122–123. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9781405123594" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-4051-2359-4</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-Kamakura-21">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Kamakura_21-0">21.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kamakura_21-1">21.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kamakura_21-2">21.2</a> Confer binomen "Baryphymula kamakuraensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a> Totman, Conradus (Conrad) (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.es/books?id=Z_a_QgAACAAJ&redir_esc=y">A History of Japan</a> (2 ed.) (Anglice). Blackwell. pp. 106–112. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9781405123594" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-4051-2359-4</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-Higashiyama-23"><a href="#cite_ref-Higashiyama_23-0">↑</a> Confer binomen "Nonionella higashiyamaensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a> Sansom, Georgius (George) (1961). A History of Japan: 1334–1615 (Stanford University Press), 42, 217. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9780804705257" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-8047-0525-7</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-Azuchiensis-25"><a href="#cite_ref-Azuchiensis_25-0">↑</a> De gentilicio "Azuchiensis-e", confer <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/mhsi111/mhsi111-new_djvu.txt">Monumenta historica Iaponiae I</a>, ubi dicitur "Seminarium Azuchiense paulo post mortem ducis Oda Nobunaga" aut "Sed Domus Azuchiensis in totius civitatis Azuchi incendio perempta est." </li> <li id="cite_note-Sekigahara-26"><a href="#cite_ref-Sekigahara_26-0">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/mhsi111/mhsi111-new_djvu.txt">Monumenta historica Iaponiae I</a>, ubi dicitur "(...) post proelium in campo Sekigahara (21. Oct. 1600) etiam insulas Amacusanas ut feudum obtinuit (...)". </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a> Turnbull, Stephanus (Stephen) (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.es/books?id=x8govgAACAAJ&redir_esc=y">Toyotomi Hideyoshi</a>. Osprey Publishing. p. 61. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9781846039607" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-84603-960-7</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a> Totman, Conradus (Conrad) (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.es/books?id=Z_a_QgAACAAJ&redir_esc=y">A History of Japan</a> (sec. ed.). Blackwell. pp. 142–143. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9781405123594" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-4051-2359-4</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-Edo-29"><a href="#cite_ref-Edo_29-0">↑</a> De gentilicio "Edoensis-e", confer binomen "Fusulina edoensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">↑</a> Toby, Ronaldus (Ronald) P. (1977).Reopening the Question of Sakoku: Diplomacy in the Legitimation of the Tokugawa Bakufu. Journal of Japanese Studies. 3 (2): 323–363. doi:10.2307/132115. JSTOR 132115. </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">↑</a> Ohtsu, M.; Ohtsu, Makoto (1999). "Japanese National Values and Confucianism". Japanese Economy. 27 (2): 45–59. doi:10.2753/JES1097-203X270245. </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">↑</a> Totman, Conradus (Conrad) (2005). A History of Japan, ed. 2a. (Oxoniae: Blackwell), 289–296. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9781405123594" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-4051-2359-4</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">↑</a> Norman E. Herbert (1946), Japan's Emergence as a Modern State (Novi Eboraci: Inst.<a href="/wiki/Disputatio:Iaponia" title="Disputatio:Iaponia">?</a> Pacific Relations), 46. </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">↑</a> Matsusaka, Y. Tak (2009), "The Japanese Empire," in Tsutsui, William M. Companion to Japanese History (Oxoniae: Blackwell), 224–241. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9781405116909" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-4051-1690-9</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">↑</a> A. Baran, Paul (1962). The Political Economy of Growth. Novi Eboraci: Monthly Review Press. p. 160. </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">↑</a> Hiroshi, Shimizu; Hitoshi, Hirakawa (1999). Japan and Singapore in the world economy: Japan's economic advance into Singapore, 1870–1965 (Routledge), 17. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9780415192361" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-415-19236-1</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-Taishoensis-37"><a href="#cite_ref-Taishoensis_37-0">↑</a> Confer trinomen "Epicauta chinensis taishoensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/PTO/IMTFE/IMTFE-8.html">"Judgment International Military Tribunal for the Far East, Chapter VIII: Conventional War Crimes (Atrocities)"</a> (Anglice). iBiblio. Novembri mense anni 1948. </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">↑</a> Worth, Rolandus (Roland) H., Jr. (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.es/books?id=ezBnAAAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y">No Choice But War: the United States Embargo Against Japan and the Eruption of War in the Pacific</a> (Anglice). McFarland. pp. 56, 86. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9780786401413" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-7864-0141-3</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">↑</a> Pape, Robertus (Robert) A. (1993). "Why Japan Surrendered" (Anglice). International Security. 18 (2): 154–201. doi:10.2307/2539100. JSTOR 2539100. </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">↑</a> Watt, Lori (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.es/books?id=_F3AN6x6AQ8C&redir_esc=y">When Empire Comes Home: Repatriation and Reintegration in Postwar Japan</a> (Anglice). Harvard University Press, pp. 1–4, <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9780674055988" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-674-05598-8</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">↑</a> Coleman, Iosephus (Joseph) (die Martii anni 2007). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181119113409/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2007/03/06/national/52-coup-plot-bid-to-rearm-japan-cia/">'52 coup plot bid to rearm Japan: CIA</a>" (Anglice). The Japan Times Online. Inpectum die 3 Aprilis anni 2007. </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/5178822.stm">"Japan scraps zero interest rates"</a>. BBC News. Pridie Idus Iulii anni 2006. Inspectum die 28 Decembris anni 2006. </li> <li id="cite_note-Fackler-44"><a href="#cite_ref-Fackler_44-0">↑</a> Fackler, Martin; Drew, Kevin (die 11 Martii anni 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/12/world/asia/12japan.html">"Devastation as Tsunami Crashes Into Japan"</a> (Iaponice). The New York Times. Inspectum die 11 Martii anni 2011. </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180126130519/https://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/policy/health/water_supply/1.html">"Water Supply in Japan"</a> (Anglice et Iaponice). Ministerium Sanitatis, Laboris et Beneficiorum Socialium. Archivatum ex originali die 26 Ianuarii anni 2018. Inspectum die 26 Septembris anni 2018. </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">↑</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/0005/bsb00050913/images/index.html?id=00050913&groesser=&fip=193.174.98.30&no=&seite=36">Esonia insula, Esonis terra</a>": <a href="/wiki/Ioannes_Georgius_Theodorus_Graesse" title="Ioannes Georgius Theodorus Graesse">J. G. Th. Graesse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orbis_Latinus" title="Orbis Latinus">Orbis Latinus</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dresda" title="Dresda">Dresdae</a>: Schönfeld, 1861; 1909. <a href="/wiki/Brunsvicum" title="Brunsvicum">Brunsvici</a>, 1972, 3 voll.) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912">1 (A–D)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913">2 (E–M)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914">3 (N–Z)</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">↑</a> <a href="/wiki/Ioannes_Georgius_Theodorus_Graesse" title="Ioannes Georgius Theodorus Graesse">J. G. Th. Graesse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orbis_Latinus" title="Orbis Latinus">Orbis Latinus</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dresda" title="Dresda">Dresdae</a>: Schönfeld, 1861; 1909. <a href="/wiki/Brunsvicum" title="Brunsvicum">Brunsvici</a>, 1972, 3 voll.) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912">1 (A–D)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913">2 (E–M)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914">3 (N–Z)</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">↑</a> <a href="/wiki/Lexicon_Nominum_Locorum" title="Lexicon Nominum Locorum">Lexicon Nominum Locorum</a> <a href="/wiki/Carolus_Egger" title="Carolus Egger">Caroli Egger</a> (p. 289, s.v. Shikoku) </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">↑</a> "alteram Ximum appellant. Haec satrapiis regnisve censetur novem." —Historiae Indicae Ioannis Petri Maffei <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://wwwopac.tulips.tsukuba.ac.jp/cgi-bin/limedio/limewwwopac/page?sessionId=20041128.7274;sessionSeq=12181;sessionLang=eng;sessionCode=jis;bookid=607596;tocid=0;pageseq=148;sessionId=20041128.7274">[1]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Vicipaedia:Nexus_deficit" title="Vicipaedia:Nexus deficit">nexus deficit</a>]. </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">↑</a> "Sayckock, Maffeus Ximum appellat & novem satrapiis regnisve censeri scribit" — Descriptio Regni Iaponiae Bernhardi Varenii <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://wwwopac.tulips.tsukuba.ac.jp/cgi-bin/limedio/limewwwopac/page?sessionId=20050607.0031;sessionSeq=1671;sessionLang=eng;sessionCode=utf8;bookid=570008;tocid=0;pageseq=28;sessionId=20050607.0031">[2]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Vicipaedia:Nexus_deficit" title="Vicipaedia:Nexus deficit">nexus deficit</a>]. </li> <li id="cite_note-Ximoa-51"><a href="#cite_ref-Ximoa_51-0">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www2.uni-mannheim.de/mateo/camenaref/hofmann/hof2/s0578a.html">Lexicon Universale Hofmann</a>, ubi dicitur "Satcuma, Satcuma, in Ximoa". </li> <li id="cite_note-Setoensis-52">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Setoensis_52-0">52.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Setoensis_52-1">52.1</a> Confer binomen "Goniobranchus setoensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-Ryukyuensis-53">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Ryukyuensis_53-0">53.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ryukyuensis_53-1">53.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ryukyuensis_53-2">53.2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ryukyuensis_53-3">53.3</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ryukyuensis_53-4">53.4</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ryukyuensis_53-5">53.5</a> Confer binomen "Bolbochromus ryukyuensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eol.org/pages/224697#">Callogobius okinawae</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nanpoensis-55"><a href="#cite_ref-Nanpoensis_55-0">↑</a> Confer binomen "Scrophulia nanpoensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">↑</a> McCargo, Duncan (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.es/books?id=8au8QgAACAAJ&redir_esc=y">Contemporary Japan</a> (Anglice). Macmillan. pp. 8–11. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9780333710005" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-333-71000-5</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gsi.go.jp/kihonjohochousa/kihonjohochousa61008.html">平成29年全国都道府県市区町村別の面積を公表</a> (Iaponice et Anglice). 国土地理院. Archivatum ex originali die 19 Septembris anni 2018. Inspectum eādem die. </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180812151410/http://www1.kaiho.mlit.go.jp/JODC/ryokai/ryokai_setsuzoku.html">日本の領海等概念図</a>. 海上保安庁海洋情報部 (Iaponice). Archivatum ex originali pride 12 Augusti. Inspectum eādem die. </li> <li id="cite_note-Chugokuensis-59">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Chugokuensis_59-0">59.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chugokuensis_59-1">59.1</a> Confer binomina "Carabus chugokuensis" aut "Trichotichnus chugokuensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-Kansaiensis-60">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Kansaiensis_60-0">60.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kansaiensis_60-1">60.1</a> Confer binomen "Podabrus kansaiensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-Chubuensis-61"><a href="#cite_ref-Chubuensis_61-0">↑</a> Confer binomen "Rhodococcus chubuensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-Quantoa-62">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Quantoa_62-0">62.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Quantoa_62-1">62.1</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www2.uni-mannheim.de/mateo/camenaref/hofmann/hof2/s0578a.html">Lexicum universale Hofmann</a>, ubi dicitur "in Quantoa". </li> <li id="cite_note-Kantoensis-63">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Kantoensis_63-0">63.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kantoensis_63-1">63.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kantoensis_63-2">63.2</a> Confer binomen "Aster kantoensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-Yokohama-64"><a href="#cite_ref-Yokohama_64-0">↑</a> Ita Latine, cf. nomina biologica <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8170">Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae</a> et <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?404822">Philadelphus yokohamae</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Osakensis-65">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Osakensis_65-0">65.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Osakensis_65-1">65.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Osakensis_65-2">65.2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Osakensis_65-3">65.3</a> Vb.adiect. "Osakensis", cf. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dosak.html">Archidioecesis Osakensis</a>" e <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/">The Hierarchy of the Catholic Church</a> (situs a Davide M. Cheney elaboratus) <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3389956">.mw-parser-output .existinglinksgray a,.mw-parser-output .existinglinksgray a:visited{color:gray}.mw-parser-output .existinglinksgray a.new{color:#ba0000}.mw-parser-output .existinglinksgray a.new:visited{color:#a55858}</style>(<a href="/wiki/Lingua_Anglica" title="Lingua Anglica">Anglice</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-Sapporum-66"><a href="#cite_ref-Sapporum_66-0">↑</a> <a href="/wiki/Tuomo_Pekkanen" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuomo Pekkanen">Tuomo Pekkanen</a> & <a href="/wiki/Reijo_Pitk%C3%A4ranta" title="Reijo Pitkäranta">Reijo Pitkäranta</a>, Lexicon hodiernae Latinitatis Finno-Latino-Finnicum. Societas Litterarum Finnicarum, 2006 </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">↑</a> <a href="/wiki/Ioannes_Georgius_Theodorus_Graesse" title="Ioannes Georgius Theodorus Graesse">J. G. Th. Graesse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orbis_Latinus" title="Orbis Latinus">Orbis Latinus</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dresda" title="Dresda">Dresdae</a>: Schönfeld, 1861; 1909. <a href="/wiki/Brunsvicum" title="Brunsvicum">Brunsvici</a>, 1972, 3 voll.) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912">1 (A–D)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913">2 (E–M)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914">3 (N–Z)</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kobensis-68">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Kobensis_68-0">68.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kobensis_68-1">68.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kobensis_68-2">68.2</a> Confer binomen "Thismia kobensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-Kyotum-69">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Kyotum_69-0">69.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kyotum_69-1">69.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kyotum_69-2">69.2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kyotum_69-3">69.3</a> <a href="/wiki/Carolus_Egger" title="Carolus Egger">Caroli Egger</a> <a href="/wiki/Lexicon_Nominum_Locorum" title="Lexicon Nominum Locorum">Lexicon Nominum Locorum</a> (1977, 1982: <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/8820912546" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 88-209-1254-6</a>). </li> <li id="cite_note-Fukuokaensis-70">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Fukuokaensis_70-0">70.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fukuokaensis_70-1">70.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fukuokaensis_70-2">70.2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fukuokaensis_70-3">70.3</a> Vb.adiect. "Fukuokaensis", cf. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dfuku.html">Archidioecesis Fukuokaensis</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIA-71">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_71-0">71.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_71-1">71.1</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181226010157/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ja.html%20">CIA World Factbook</a> (Anglice). </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/4142.htm">U.S. Relations With Japan</a> (Anglice), <a href="/wiki/Ministerium_Rerum_Externarum_Civitatum_Foederatarum" title="Ministerium Rerum Externarum Civitatum Foederatarum">Ministerium Rerum Externarum Civitatum Foederatarum</a>. Inspectum die 26 decembris anni 2012. </li> <li id="cite_note-Shizuokaensis-73">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Shizuokaensis_73-0">73.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Shizuokaensis_73-1">73.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Shizuokaensis_73-2">73.2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Shizuokaensis_73-3">73.3</a> Confer binomina "Anadara (Scapharca ?) shizuokaensis" et " Cercaria shizuokaensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-Alpi-74">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Alpi_74-0">74.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Alpi_74-1">74.1</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sapere.it/enciclopedia/Alpi+Giappon%C3%A9si.html">Alpi Giapponesi</a> (Italice), sapere.it. Inspectum die 26 decembris anni 2012. </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190212051023/https://www.turismo-giappone.it/index.php">Fuji Hakone</a> (Italice). turismo-giappone.it. Inspectum die 26 decembris anni 2012. </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">↑</a> Stefano Kristel, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190608060925/http://web.tiscalinet.it/appuntiericerche/Geografia/giappone1.HTML">Il Giappone</a>, web.tiscalinet.it, pridie Idus Decembres anni 2000. Inspectum die 26 decembris anni 2012. </li> <li id="cite_note-Alcuinus-77">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Alcuinus_77-0">77.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Alcuinus_77-1">77.1</a> Confer indices <a href="/wiki/Vocabulum" class="mw-redirect" title="Vocabulum">vocabulorum</a> <a href="/wiki/Geographia" title="Geographia">geographicorum</a> a Leone Latino excerptorum partem alteram (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://latinorumvocabulorumnovorumindex.blogspot.com/2009/10/geographical-vocabulary-ii-compiled-by.html">hic</a> aut <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alcuinus.net/ephemeris/lexico/geographica2.htm">hic</a>). </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">↑</a> Quae nominata est a flumine <a href="/wiki/Amur" title="Amur">Amure</a> seu Amurā. </li> <li id="cite_note-Okinawaënsis-79">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Okinawaënsis_79-0">79.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Okinawaënsis_79-1">79.1</a> Confer binomina "Emarginula okinawaensis" aut "Aphthona okinawaensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">↑</a> Quae nominata est a <a href="/wiki/Mare_Ochotense" title="Mare Ochotense">Mari Ochotensi</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">↑</a> Gina L. Barnes, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://shinku.nichibun.ac.jp/jpub/pdf/jr/IJ1501.pdf">Origins of the Japanese Islands: The New “Big Picture”</a> (Anglice) (PDF), <a href="/wiki/Universitas_Dunelmensis" title="Universitas Dunelmensis">Universitas Dunelmensis</a>, anno 2003. Inspectum die 26 decembris anni 2012. </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">↑</a> Giappone, il risveglio del vulcano Shinmoedake (Italice), in Panorama, die 2 febrarii anni 2011. Inspectum die 26 decembris anni 2012. </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">↑</a> [Vulcani del Giappone] (Italice), giappone.cc. Inspectum die 26 decembris anni 2012. </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">↑</a> [Tectonics and Volcanoes of Japan] (Anglice), Universitas Civitatis Oregoniae. Inspectum die 26 decembris anni 2012 (archivatum ex originali die 4 februarii anni 2007). </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">↑</a> The 1923 Tokyo Earthquake and Fire (Anglice) (PDF), <a href="/wiki/Universitas_Californiensis_Berkeleiensis" title="Universitas Californiensis Berkeleiensis">Universitas Californiensis Berkeleiensis</a>, 2002. Inspectum die 26 decembris anni 2012. </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">↑</a> Confer binomen "Lycenchelys tohokuensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">↑</a> USGS WPhase Moment Solution NEAR EAST COAST OF HONSHU, JAPAN (Anglice), earthquake.usgs.gov. Inspectum die 26 decembris anni 2012. </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.corriere.it/esteri/11_marzo_11/giappone-terremoto-allarme-tsunami_5c077c42-4ba6-11e0-b2c2-62530996aa7c.shtml">Terremoto e tsunami, colpito il Giappone. Nuove scosse a Joetsu e nel nord-ovest</a> (Italice), apud <a href="/wiki/Corriere_della_Sera" title="Corriere della Sera">Corriere della Sera</a>, die 11 Martii anni 2011. Inspectum die 26 decembris anni 2012. </li> <li id="cite_note-Shinanoensis-89"><a href="#cite_ref-Shinanoensis_89-0">↑</a> Confer binomen "Bemisia shinanoensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-Idrografia-90">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Idrografia_90-0">90.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Idrografia_90-1">90.1</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130430015610/http://www.sulgiappone.it/geografia-giappone/idrografia-giappone">Idrografia del Giappone</a> (Italice), sulgiappone.it. Situs interretialis die 28 decembris anni 2012 inspectus (archivatum e sitū originali pridie Kalendas Maias anni 2013). </li> <li id="cite_note-Tonensis-91"><a href="#cite_ref-Tonensis_91-0">↑</a> Confer binomen "Nipponasellus tonensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-Kitakamiensis-92"><a href="#cite_ref-Kitakamiensis_92-0">↑</a> Confer binomen "Hondoniscus kitakamiensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-Tenryuensis-93"><a href="#cite_ref-Tenryuensis_93-0">↑</a> Confer binomen "Parapodisma tenryuensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-Mogamiensis-94"><a href="#cite_ref-Mogamiensis_94-0">↑</a> Confer binomen "Hondoniscus mogamiensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/honshu/">Honshu</a> (Italice), treccani.it. Situs interretialis die 28 decembris anni 2012 inspectus. </li> <li id="cite_note-Ishikariensis-96"><a href="#cite_ref-Ishikariensis_96-0">↑</a> Confer binomen "Typhula ishikariensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/ishikari/">Ishikari</a> (Italice), treccani.it. Situs interretialis die 28 decembris anni 2012 inspectus. </li> <li id="cite_note-Teshioensis-98"><a href="#cite_ref-Teshioensis_98-0">↑</a> Confer binomen "Saghalinites teshioensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-Tokachiensis-99"><a href="#cite_ref-Tokachiensis_99-0">↑</a> Confer binomen "Silene tokachiensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sapere.it/enciclopedia/Hokkaid%C5%8D.html">Hokkaidō</a> (Italice), sapere.it. Situs interretialis die 28 decembris anni 2012 inspectus. </li> <li id="cite_note-Yoshinoensis-101"><a href="#cite_ref-Yoshinoensis_101-0">↑</a> Confer binomen "Phreatoasellus yoshinoensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">↑</a> Marcellus (Marcello) Muccioli <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/shikoku_(Enciclopedia-Italiana)/">SHIKOKU</a> (Italice), treccani.it. Situs interretialis die 28 decembris anni 2012 inspectus. </li> <li id="cite_note-Biwaensis-103"><a href="#cite_ref-Biwaensis_103-0">↑</a> Confer binomen "Vallisneria biwaensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.japan.travel/en/plan/weather/">Climate</a> (Anglice). Organizatio Nationalis Periegeōs Iaponiae. Situs interretialis die 26 decembris anni 2012 inspectus. </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130813031959/http://ajw.asahi.com/article/behind_news/social_affairs/AJ201308120105">Japan’s highest temperature--41 degrees--marked in Kochi Prefecture</a> (Anglice), apud <a href="/w/index.php?title=Asahi_Shimbu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asahi Shimbu (non est haec pagina)">Asahi Shimbu</a>, pridie Idūs Augustas. Situs interretialis die 2 septembris anni 2013 inspectus (archivatum e sitū interretialo originali Idibus Augustis anni 2013. </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">↑</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/0005/bsb00050913/images/index.html?id=00050913&groesser=&fip=193.174.98.30&no=&seite=36">Esonia insula, Esonis terra</a>": <a href="/wiki/Ioannes_Georgius_Theodorus_Graesse" title="Ioannes Georgius Theodorus Graesse">J. G. Th. Graesse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orbis_Latinus" title="Orbis Latinus">Orbis Latinus</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dresda" title="Dresda">Dresdae</a>: Schönfeld, 1861; 1909. <a href="/wiki/Brunsvicum" title="Brunsvicum">Brunsvici</a>, 1972, 3 voll.) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912">1 (A–D)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913">2 (E–M)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914">3 (N–Z)</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">↑</a> Vb. adiect. "Hokkaidoënsis", cf. nomina biologica e.g. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Obesotoma_hokkaidoensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Obesotoma hokkaidoensis (non est haec pagina)">Obesotoma hokkaidoensis</a>; "Hokkaidensis", cf. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Siphona_hokkaidensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siphona hokkaidensis (non est haec pagina)">Siphona hokkaidensis</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">↑</a> Temperatura del mare (Italice), apud giappone.temperature.flowiktionary.org. Situs interretialis die 9 Decembris anni 2012 inspectus. </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">↑</a> <a href="/wiki/Ioannes_Georgius_Theodorus_Graesse" title="Ioannes Georgius Theodorus Graesse">J. G. Th. Graesse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orbis_Latinus" title="Orbis Latinus">Orbis Latinus</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dresda" title="Dresda">Dresdae</a>: Schönfeld, 1861; 1909. <a href="/wiki/Brunsvicum" title="Brunsvicum">Brunsvici</a>, 1972, 3 voll.) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912">1 (A–D)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913">2 (E–M)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914">3 (N–Z)</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Naganoënsis-110"><a href="#cite_ref-Naganoënsis_110-0">↑</a> Cf. nomina biologica <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bacillus_naganoensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bacillus naganoensis (non est haec pagina)">Bacillus naganoensis</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pullulanibacillus_naganoensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pullulanibacillus naganoensis (non est haec pagina)">Pullulanibacillus naganoensis</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fauna_japonesa-111">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Fauna_japonesa_111-0">111.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fauna_japonesa_111-1">111.1</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090419053316/http://web-japan.org/factsheet/es/pdf_Spanish/S03_floraf.pdf">Fauna japonesa</a> (Hispanice). </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">↑</a> Sekiguchi, Toko (die 17 Iunii anni 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/japan-lowers-voting-age-to-18-1434514706">"Japan Lowers Voting Age to 18"</a> (Anglice). The Wall Street Journal. Archivatum e situ interretiali originali die 14 Ianuarii anni 2016. Inspectum eādem die. </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">↑</a> [Fackler, Martinus (Martin) (27 decembris anni 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2012/12/27/world/asia/shinzo-abe-selected-as-japans-prime-minister.html?_r=1&">"Ex-Premier Is Chosen To Govern Japan Again"</a> (Anglice). <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. Inspectum die 12 Martii anni 2013.] </li> <li id="cite_note-edoensis-114"><a href="#cite_ref-edoensis_114-0">↑</a> Confer binomina "Narosa edoensis" et "Turbonilla edoensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">↑</a> Dean, Meryll (2002). Japanese legal system: text, cases & materials (Anglice) (editio II). Cavendish. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9781859416730" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-85941-673-0</a>. Paginae 55-58. </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">↑</a> Kanamori, Shigenari (Kalendis Ianuariis anni 1999). "German influences on Japanese Pre-War Constitution and Civil Code". European Journal of Law and Economics 7 (1): 93–95. doi:10.1023/A:1008688209052. </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131214104438/http://www.kantei.go.jp/foreign/constitution_and_government_of_japan/constitution_e.html">"The Constitution of Japan"</a>. Prime Minister of Japan and His Cabinet (Anglice). Die 3 Novembris anni 1946. Archivatum e situ interretiali originali die 14 Decembris anni 2013. Consultatum die 14 Novembris anni 2014. </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://japan.kantei.go.jp/judiciary/0620system.html">"The Japanese Judicial System"</a> (Anglice). Sedes Primi Ministri Iaponici. Consultatum die 27 Martii anni 2007. </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">↑</a> Dean, Meryll (2002). Japanese legal system: text, cases & materials (Anglice) (editio II). Cavendish. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9781859416730" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-85941-673-0</a>. Pagina 131. </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">↑</a> Michael Green, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2007/03/japan_is_back_why_tokyos_new_a.html">«Japan Is Back: Why Tokyo’s New Assertiveness Is Good for Washington»</a> (Anglice), Real Clear Politics (inspectum die 28 Martii 2007). </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070221044357/http://www.centralchronicle.com/20070111/1101194.htm">«UK backs Japan for UNSC bid»</a> (archivum diei 21 Februarii anni 2007) (Anglice), Cenral Chronicle (inspectum diei 28 Martii anni 2007). </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mofa.go.jp/region/asia-paci/australia/joint0703.html">Japan-Australia Joint Declaration on Security Cooperation</a> (Anglice et Iaponice). </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mofa.go.jp/region/asia-paci/india/pmv0810/joint_d.html">Joint Declaration on Security Cooperation between Japan and India</a> (Anglice et Iaponice). </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oecd.org/development/financing-sustainable-development/35389786.pdf">Table: Net Official Development Assistance In 2004</a> (Anglice) - <a href="/wiki/Ordo_oeconomicae_cooperationi_et_evolutioni_favendis" title="Ordo oeconomicae cooperationi et evolutioni favendis">Ordo oeconomicae cooperationi et evolutioni favendis</a>, die 11 Aprilis anni 2005. </li> <li id="cite_note-Tokyo_says-125">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Tokyo_says_125-0">125.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tokyo_says_125-1">125.1</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/">«Tokyo says it will bring troops home from Iraq»</a> (Anglice), [International Herald Tribune], pridie Kalendas Iulias anni 2006 (inspectum die 28 Martii anni 2007). </li> <li id="cite_note-Liancourtensis-126"><a href="#cite_ref-Liancourtensis_126-0">↑</a> Confer binomen "Genotia Liancourtensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-Senkakuensis-127"><a href="#cite_ref-Senkakuensis_127-0">↑</a> Confer binomen "Camponotus senkakuensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150703195129/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/rs.html">CIA - The World Factbook - Russia</a> (Anglice). </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">↑</a> Japan's NSC meets for first time, with ADIZ issue on agenda (Anglicis) (versio 21 Februarii anni 2014 de interretiali archivo), Xinhua, pridie Nonas Decembres anni 2013. </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cplp.org/id-2595.aspx">Observadores Associados</a> (Lusice), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Communitas_Nationum_Linguae_Lusitanae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Communitas Nationum Linguae Lusitanae (non est haec pagina)">Communitas Nationum Linguae Lusitanae</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/asie-pacifique/article/2015/07/16/au-japon-la-loi-pour-renforcer-l-armee-passe-une-etape-legislative-cruciale_4685017_3216.html">Au Japon, la loi pour renforcer l’armée passe une étape législative cruciale</a> (Francice), Le Monde.fr, die 16 Iulii anni 2015. </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fr.sputniknews.com/international/201509171018231604/">Japon : la nouvelle loi sur l’autodéfense, menace pour la stabilité?</a>, apud Sputnik. </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">↑</a> Iaponice 43 praefecturae "ken" (県) nuncupantur, Kyotensis Osakensisque "fu" (府) sunt, Esonia "dō" (道) et Tokium "to" (都) est. Quamquam nomen dissimile est, functionaliter aequa sunt. </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="#cite_ref-134">↑</a> McCargo, Duncan (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.es/books?id=8au8QgAACAAJ&redir_esc=y">Contemporary Japan</a> (Anglice). Macmillan. pp. 84–85. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9780333710005" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-333-71000-5</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="#cite_ref-135">↑</a> Mabuchi, Masaru (Maio anni 2001). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://siteresources.worldbank.org/WBI/Resources/wbi37175.pdf">Municipal Amalgamation in Japan</a>" (PDF Anglice). Argentaria Mundana. Inspectum die 28 Decembris anni 2006. </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><a href="#cite_ref-136">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200615001511/https://population.un.org/wpp/DataQuery/">"World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision"</a>. ESA.UN.org (aptata data adquisita viā sitūs interretialis). Area Nationum Unitarum rerum oeconomicarum et socialium, Incolarum Divisio. Consultatum die 10 Septembris anni 2017. </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><a href="#cite_ref-137">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/AG.LND.FRST.ZS?order=wbapi_data_value_2013+wbapi_data_value+wbapi_data_value-last&sort=desc">"Forest area"</a> (Anglice). The World Bank Group. Consultum die 11 Octobris anni 2015. </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="#cite_ref-138">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gsi.go.jp/atlas/archive/j-atlas-d_j_02.pdf">地形分類</a> (PDF) (Iaponice). Geosideralis Informationis Auctoritas Iaponiae. Consultum <a href="/wiki/14_Octobris" title="14 Octobris">pridie Idus Octobris</a> anni 2015. </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/today/placesinthenews/archive/2011arch/20110921_japan.html">"Japan – Places in the News"</a> (Anglice). www.loc.gov. <a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_Congressus_Civitatum_Foederatarum" title="Bibliotheca Congressus Civitatum Foederatarum">Bibliotheca Congressus Civitatum Foederatarum</a>. Consultum die 30 Ianuarii anni 2017. </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stat.go.jp/data/kokusei/2010/final/pdf/01-02.pdf">平成22年国勢調査最終報告書人口の地域分布</a> (Iaponice) (PDF). Ministerium rerum internarum et institutum statisticae communicationum. Inspectum <a href="/wiki/14_Octobris" title="14 Octobris">pridie Idus Octobres</a> anni 2015. </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.toukei.metro.tokyo.jp/jsuikei/js-index.htm">東京都の人口（推計</a> (Iaponice et Anglice). Regio Instituti Statisticae Gubernii Metropolitani Tokiensis. Archivatum ex originali die 2 Octobris anni 2018. Consultum die 22 Octobris anni 2018. </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stat.go.jp/english/data/handbook/c0117.html">"Table 2.10 Population of Three Major Metropolitan Areas"</a> (Anglice). Institutum statisticae Iaponiae. Consultum 26 Novembris anni 2013. </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">↑</a> Nationes Unitae (die 12 Martii anni 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/urbanization/the_worlds_cities_in_2016_data_booklet.pdf">"The World's Cities in 2016"</a> (Anglice) (PDF). Nationes Unitae. </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><a href="#cite_ref-144">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070210012525/http://www.stat.go.jp/data/kokusei/2000/final/zuhyou/092.xls">"Japan Statistics Bureau – Keihin'yō Major Metropolitan Area"</a> (Anglice et Iaponice). Archivatum ex originali die 10 Februarii anni 2007. Consultum die 26 Octobris anni 2018. Archivatum die 10 Februarii anni, apud Wayback Machine. </li> <li id="cite_note-Multicultural-145">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Multicultural_145-0">145.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Multicultural_145-1">145.1</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110414035203/http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/fl20070327zg.html">"'Multicultural Japan' remains a pipe dream"</a> (Anglice). Japan Times. Die 27 Martii 2007. Archivatum ex originali die 14 Aprilis anni 2011. Consultum die 16 Ianuarii anni 2011. </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><a href="#cite_ref-146">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2005/04/02/news/japanborn-koreans-live-in-limbo.html">"Japan-born Koreans live in limbo"</a>. The New York Times. Die 2 Aprilis anni 2005. Consultum die 16 Ianuarii anni 2011. </li> <li id="cite_note-Onishi-147">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Onishi_147-0">147.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Onishi_147-1">147.1</a> Onishi, Norimitsu (Kalendis Novembribus anni 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/02/world/asia/02japan.html">"An Enclave of Brazilians Is Testing Insular Japan"</a>. The New York Times. Consultum 16 Ianuarii anni 2011. </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="#cite_ref-148">↑</a> ["'Home' is where the heartbreak is for Japanese-Peruvians"] (Anglice). Asia Times. Die 16 Octobris anni 1999. Consultum die 16 Ianuarii anni 2011. </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><a href="#cite_ref-149">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://asiamattersforamerica.org/articles/80000-americans-reside-in-japan">"Global Partners Report: 80,000 Americans Reside in Japan"</a> (Anglice). Consultum die 15 Iunii anni 2015. </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><a href="#cite_ref-150">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stat.go.jp/data/nenkan/pdf/y0213014.pdf">"Registered Foreigners in Japan by Nationality"</a> (Anglice et Iaponice) (PDF). Ministerium statisticae. Archivatum ex originali (PDF) die 24 Augusti anni 2005. Consultum die 16 Ianuarii anni 2011. </li> <li id="cite_note-Yamatoënsis-151"><a href="#cite_ref-Yamatoënsis_151-0">↑</a> Confer binomina "Agonopterix yamatoensis" et "Gomphonema yamatoensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-Ainuensis-152"><a href="#cite_ref-Ainuensis_152-0">↑</a> Confer binomen "Zaus ainuensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><a href="#cite_ref-153">↑</a> Fogarty, Philippa (die 6 Iunii anni 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/7437244.stm">"Recognition at last for Japan's Ainu"</a> (Anglice). BBC. Consultus die 7 Iunii anni 2008. </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,910511,00.html">"The Invisible Race"</a> (Anglice). Time. Die 8 Ianuarii 1973. Consultum die 16 Ianuarii anni 2011. </li> <li id="cite_note-Boninensis-155"><a href="#cite_ref-Boninensis_155-0">↑</a> Confer binomina "Liardetia boninensis", "Haplochernes boninensis" et "Idiophyes boninensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><a href="#cite_ref-156">↑</a> McCormack, Gavan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130116212758/http://www.jpri.org/publications/occasionalpapers/op15.html">"Dilemmas of Development on The Ogasawara Islands,"</a> (Anglice) 'JPRI Occasional Paper, No. 15 (Augusto anni 1999). </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><a href="#cite_ref-157">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stat.go.jp/data/nenkan/zuhyou/y650214000.xls">"Annales Statistici Iaponici anni 2016</a> (Iaponice), archivati die 19 Maii anni 2016, in Wayback Machine. </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><a href="#cite_ref-158">↑</a> John Lie Multiethnic Japan (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 2001) (Anglice). </li> <li id="cite_note-Atsushi-159"><a href="#cite_ref-Atsushi_159-0">↑</a> Atsushi Kotani (2010). 日本文化論のインチキ (Iaponice). Gentensei Shinko Shinbun. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9784344981669" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-4-344-98166-9</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><a href="#cite_ref-160">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230524054529/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2005/10/18/national/aso-says-japan-is-nation-of-one-race/#.XOvX7Y9S-00">"Aso says Japan is nation of 'one race'"</a> (Anglice). The Japan Times. Die 18 Octobris anni 2005. </li> <li id="cite_note-Table_A-161"><a href="#cite_ref-Table_A_161-0">↑</a> Lapsus in citando: Invalid <code><ref></code> tag; no text was provided for refs named <code>Table A</code></li> <li id="cite_note-162"><a href="#cite_ref-162">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.haaretz.com/1.5056236">"WHO: Life expectancy in Israel among highest in the world"</a>. Haaretz. Maio anni 2009. Inspectum die 15 Ianuarii anni 2011. </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><a href="#cite_ref-163">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stat.go.jp/english/data/handbook/c0117.html#c02">"Statistical Handbook of Japan 2013: Chapter 2 – Population"</a> (Anglice). Institutum statisticae. Inspectum die 14 Februarii anni 2014. </li> <li id="cite_note-164"><a href="#cite_ref-164">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190530120305/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2018/09/17/national/number-women-japan-aged-least-65-years-old-tops-20-million-first-time/">"For the first time, 1 person in 5 in Japan is 70 or older"</a> (Anglice). The Japan Times Online. The Japan Times. Die 17 Septembris anni 2018. Inspectum die 17 Septembris anni 2018. </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><a href="#cite_ref-165">↑</a> <a href="/wiki/Ebbe_Vilborg" title="Ebbe Vilborg">Vilborg, Ebbe</a>, Norstedts svensk-latinska ordbok, editio secunda. Norstedts Akademiska Förlag, Holmia, 2009. </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><a href="#cite_ref-166">↑</a> Tokium apud <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100603080722/http://www.yleradio1.fi/nuntii/id24324.shtml">Nuntios Latinos</a> audiatur. </li> <li id="cite_note-167"><a href="#cite_ref-167">↑</a> Vb. adiect. "Tokiensis", cf. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dtoky.html">Archidioecesis Tokiensis</a>" e <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/">The Hierarchy of the Catholic Church</a> (situs a Davide M. Cheney elaboratus) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3389956" />(<a href="/wiki/Lingua_Anglica" title="Lingua Anglica">Anglice</a>). </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><a href="#cite_ref-168">↑</a> Ita Latine, cf. nomina biologica <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8170">Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae</a> et <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?404822">Philadelphus yokohamae</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kanagawaensis-169">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Kanagawaensis_169-0">169.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kanagawaensis_169-1">169.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kanagawaensis_169-2">169.2</a> Confer binomen "Aspergillus kanagawaensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-Ozaca-170"><a href="#cite_ref-Ozaca_170-0">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www2.uni-mannheim.de/mateo/camenaref/hofmann/hof2/s0578a.html">Lexicon Universale Hofmann</a> ubi dicitur "Ozaca, Ozaca, in regno Cavacho". </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><a href="#cite_ref-171">↑</a> Vb. adiect. "Nagoyanus": cf. nomen biologicum <a href="/w/index.php?title=Calliteara_nagoyana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calliteara nagoyana (non est haec pagina)">Calliteara nagoyana</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Aichiensis-172"><a href="#cite_ref-Aichiensis_172-0">↑</a> Confer binomina "Gordonia Aichiensis" et "Falcileptoneta aichiensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><a href="#cite_ref-173">↑</a> <a href="/wiki/Tuomo_Pekkanen" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuomo Pekkanen">Tuomo Pekkanen</a> & <a href="/wiki/Reijo_Pitk%C3%A4ranta" title="Reijo Pitkäranta">Reijo Pitkäranta</a>, Lexicon hodiernae Latinitatis Finno-Latino-Finnicum. Societas Litterarum Finnicarum, 2006 </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><a href="#cite_ref-174">↑</a> <a href="/wiki/Ioannes_Georgius_Theodorus_Graesse" title="Ioannes Georgius Theodorus Graesse">J. G. Th. Graesse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orbis_Latinus" title="Orbis Latinus">Orbis Latinus</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dresda" title="Dresda">Dresdae</a>: Schönfeld, 1861; 1909. <a href="/wiki/Brunsvicum" title="Brunsvicum">Brunsvici</a>, 1972, 3 voll.) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912">1 (A–D)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913">2 (E–M)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914">3 (N–Z)</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Esonia-175">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Esonia_175-0">175.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Esonia_175-1">175.1</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/0005/bsb00050913/images/index.html?id=00050913&groesser=&fip=193.174.98.30&no=&seite=36">Esonia insula, Esonis terra</a>": <a href="/wiki/Ioannes_Georgius_Theodorus_Graesse" title="Ioannes Georgius Theodorus Graesse">J. G. Th. Graesse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orbis_Latinus" title="Orbis Latinus">Orbis Latinus</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dresda" title="Dresda">Dresdae</a>: Schönfeld, 1861; 1909. <a href="/wiki/Brunsvicum" title="Brunsvicum">Brunsvici</a>, 1972, 3 voll.) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912">1 (A–D)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913">2 (E–M)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914">3 (N–Z)</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><a href="#cite_ref-176">↑</a> Vb. adiect. "Hokkaidoënsis", cf. nomina biologica e.g. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Obesotoma_hokkaidoensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Obesotoma hokkaidoensis (non est haec pagina)">Obesotoma hokkaidoensis</a>; "Hokkaidensis", cf. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Siphona_hokkaidensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siphona hokkaidensis (non est haec pagina)">Siphona hokkaidensis</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-Cobeum-177"><a href="#cite_ref-Cobeum_177-0">↑</a> Vide <a class="external text" href="https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/Cobeum">Victionarium</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hyogoensis-178"><a href="#cite_ref-Hyogoensis_178-0">↑</a> Confer binomina "Podabrus hyogoensis" et "Yaginumaella hyogoensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-Kawasakiensis-179"><a href="#cite_ref-Kawasakiensis_179-0">↑</a> Confer binomina "Volvox carteri f. kawasakiensis" et "Rhizopus javanicus var. kawasakiensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-Kioto-180"><a href="#cite_ref-Kioto_180-0">↑</a> <a href="/wiki/Tuomo_Pekkanen" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuomo Pekkanen">Tuomo Pekkanen</a> & <a href="/wiki/Reijo_Pitk%C3%A4ranta" title="Reijo Pitkäranta">Reijo Pitkäranta</a>, Lexicon hodiernae Latinitatis Finno-Latino-Finnicum. Societas Litterarum Finnicarum, 2006. </li> <li id="cite_note-Kyotensis-181"><a href="#cite_ref-Kyotensis_181-0">↑</a> Cf. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dkyot.html">Dioecesis Kyotensis</a>" e <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/">The Hierarchy of the Catholic Church</a> (situs a Davide M. Cheney elaboratus) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3389956" />(<a href="/wiki/Lingua_Anglica" title="Lingua Anglica">Anglice</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-Saitamaensis-182">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Saitamaensis_182-0">182.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Saitamaensis_182-1">182.1</a> Cf. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/ddsait.html">Archidioecesis Saitamaensis</a>" e <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/">The Hierarchy of the Catholic Church</a> (situs a Davide M. Cheney elaboratus) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3389956" />(<a href="/wiki/Lingua_Anglica" title="Lingua Anglica">Anglice</a>). </li> <li id="cite_note-Hirosima-183"><a href="#cite_ref-Hirosima_183-0">↑</a> <a href="/wiki/Ioannes_Paulus_II" title="Ioannes Paulus II">Ioannes Paulus II</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://w2.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/fr/speeches/1983/may/documents/hf_jp-ii_spe_19830509_scienziati.html">"Discours du pape Jean-Paul II à un groupe de savants et de chercheurs"</a>: "Allocutio Hirosimae". </li> <li id="cite_note-Hiroshimaensis-184"><a href="#cite_ref-Hiroshimaensis_184-0">↑</a> Vb.adiect. "Hiroshimaensis", cf. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dhiro.html">Archidioecesis Hiroshimaensis</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-Sendai-185"><a href="#cite_ref-Sendai_185-0">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dsend.html">Hierarchia Catholica</a> ubi dicitur "Dioecesis Sendaiensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-Miyagiensis-186"><a href="#cite_ref-Miyagiensis_186-0">↑</a> Confer binomina "Labrys miyagiensis" et "Cybaeus miyagiensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-Chibaënsis-187">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Chibaënsis_187-0">187.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chibaënsis_187-1">187.1</a> Cf. nomina biologica "Streptomyces chibaensis", "Scolecostigmina chibaensis" </li> <li id="cite_note-Kitakyushu-188"><a href="#cite_ref-Kitakyushu_188-0">↑</a> Confer binomen "Tylocerus sobosanus kitakyushuensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-Sacaium-189"><a href="#cite_ref-Sacaium_189-0">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www2.uni-mannheim.de/mateo/camenaref/hofmann/hof2/s0578a.html">Lexicon Universale Hofmann</a> ubi dicitur "Sacaium, Sacay, in regno Idzumo". </li> <li id="cite_note-Sakai-190"><a href="#cite_ref-Sakai_190-0">↑</a> Confer binomen "Ideonella sakaiensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-Niigataënsis-191">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Niigataënsis_191-0">191.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Niigataënsis_191-1">191.1</a> Cf. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dniig.html">Dioecesis Niigataensis</a>" e <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/">The Hierarchy of the Catholic Church</a> (situs a Davide M. Cheney elaboratus) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3389956" />(<a href="/wiki/Lingua_Anglica" title="Lingua Anglica">Anglice</a>). </li> <li id="cite_note-Kumamotoensis-192">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Kumamotoensis_192-0">192.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kumamotoensis_192-1">192.1</a> Confer binomen "Phraortes kumamotoensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-Sagamiharensis-193"><a href="#cite_ref-Sagamiharensis_193-0">↑</a> Confer binomen "Friedmanniella sagamiharensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-194"><a href="#cite_ref-194">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181226010157/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ja.html%20">De Iaponia</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3389956" />(<a href="/wiki/Anglice" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglice">Anglice</a>) in The World Factbook] apud <a href="/wiki/CIA" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA">CIA</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-195"><a href="#cite_ref-195">↑</a> Miyagawa, Shigeru. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mit.edu/jpnet/articles/JapaneseLanguage.html%7C">"The Japanese Language"</a>[<a href="/wiki/Vicipaedia:Nexus_deficit" title="Vicipaedia:Nexus deficit">nexus deficit</a>] (Anglice). Massachusettense Institutum Technologiae. Inspectum die 16 Ianuarii anni 2011. </li> <li id="cite_note-196"><a href="#cite_ref-196">↑</a> Miyagawa, Shigeru. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mit.edu/jpnet/articles/JapaneseLanguage.html">"The Japanese Language"</a>. Massachusetts Institute of Technology . </li> <li id="cite_note-Amamiensis-197"><a href="#cite_ref-Amamiensis_197-0">↑</a> Confer binomina "Odorrana amamiensis", "Papilio amamiensis", "Kudoa amamiensis" aut "Nocardia amamiensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-kunigamiensis-198"><a href="#cite_ref-kunigamiensis_198-0">↑</a> Confer binomina "Athenus Kunigamiensis", "Oligoaeschna Kunigamiensis", "Sarasaeschna Kunigamiensis" aut "Camponotus Kunigamiensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-okinawaensis-199"><a href="#cite_ref-okinawaensis_199-0">↑</a> Confer binomina "Uroobovella okinawaensis", "Aphthona okinawaensis", "Burmoniscus okinawaensis" aut "Mytilidiphila okinawaensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-miyakoensis-200"><a href="#cite_ref-miyakoensis_200-0">↑</a> Confer binomina "Cirrophorus miyakoensis" aut "Todiramphus miyakoensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-yaeyamaensis-201"><a href="#cite_ref-yaeyamaensis_201-0">↑</a> Confer binomen "Euphyllia yaeyamaensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-yonagumiensis-202"><a href="#cite_ref-yonagumiensis_202-0">↑</a> Confer binomen "Elaphe carinata yonagumiensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-203"><a href="#cite_ref-203">↑</a> Heinrich, Patrick (Ianuario anni 2004). "Language Planning and Language Ideology in the Ryūkyū Islands" (Anglice). Language Policy. 3 (2): 153–179. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023%2FB%3ALPOL.0000036192.53709.fc">doi:10.1023/B:LPOL.0000036192.53709.fc</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-204"><a href="#cite_ref-204">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080106062419/http://www.un.org/works/culture/japan_story.html">"15 families keep ancient language alive in Japan"</a> (Anglice). <a href="/wiki/Nationes_Unitae" title="Nationes Unitae">Nationes Unitae</a>. Archivatum ex originali diē 16 Ianuarii anni 2008. Inspectum diē 27 Martii anni 2007. </li> <li id="cite_note-205"><a href="#cite_ref-205">↑</a> Ellington, Lucianus (Lucien) (Kalendis Septembribus anni 2005). ["Japan Digest: Japanese Education"]. <a href="/wiki/Universitas_Indianensis" title="Universitas Indianensis">Universitas Indianensis</a>. Archivatum ex originali diē 17 Aprilis anni 2006. Inspectum eodem diē. </li> <li id="cite_note-206"><a href="#cite_ref-206">↑</a> Legatio Italiae Tokii: Lo studio della lingua e della cultura italiana in Giappone (Italice). </li> <li id="cite_note-207"><a href="#cite_ref-207">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160123023617/http://www.japansociety.org/a_view_of_religion_in_japan">"A View of Religion in Japan"</a> (Anglice). Archivatum ex originale die 23 Ianuarii anni 2016. Inspectum die 29 Ianuarii anni 2017. </li> <li id="cite_note-Reischauer-208">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Reischauer_208-0">208.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Reischauer_208-1">208.1</a> Reischauer, Aeduinus (Edwin) O.; Jansen, Marius B. (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.es/books?id=BTPNlLIy2soC&redir_esc=y">The Japanese today: change and continuity</a> (II ed.). Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. p. 215. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9780674471849" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-674-47184-9</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-209"><a href="#cite_ref-209">↑</a> Kisala, Robertus (Robert) (2005). Wargo, Robertus (Robert) (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.es/books?id=LbwnrRmLqPoC&redir_esc=yThe">Logic Of Nothingness: A Study of Nishida Kitarō</a> (Anglice). University of Hawaii Press. pp. 3–4. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9780824822842" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-8248-2284-2</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-210"><a href="#cite_ref-210">↑</a> Totman, Conradus (Conrad) (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.es/books?id=Z_a_QgAACAAJ&redir_esc=y">A History of Japan</a> (II ed.) (Anglice). Blackwell. p. 72. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9781405123594" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-4051-2359-4</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-Ujiensis-211"><a href="#cite_ref-Ujiensis_211-0">↑</a> Confer binomen "Setodes ujiensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-Routledge-212">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Routledge_212-0">212.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Routledge_212-1">212.1</a> Routledge Handbook of Japanese Culture and Society (2011) (Anglice) editus ab Victoriā (Victoria) Bestor, Theodoro (Theodore) C. Bestor et Akikone (Akiko) Yamagata, p. 65 <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9780415436496" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-415-43649-6</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-Brown-213">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Brown_213-0">213.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Brown_213-1">213.1</a> Brown, 1993. (Anglice) p. 455. </li> <li id="cite_note-214"><a href="#cite_ref-214">↑</a> Higashibaba, 2002. p. 1. </li> <li id="cite_note-215"><a href="#cite_ref-215">↑</a> Mariko Kato (Die 24 Februarii anni 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2009/02/24/reference/christianitys-long-history-in-the-margins/">"Christianity's long history in the margins"</a>. The Japan Times Online (Anglice). "The Christian community itself counts only those who have been baptized and are currently regular churchgoers – some 1 million people, or less than 1 percent of the population, according to Nobuhisa Yamakita, moderator of the United Church of Christ in Japan" </li> <li id="cite_note-216"><a href="#cite_ref-216">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2009/02/24/reference/christianitys-long-history-in-the-margins/#.XRfoio9S-00">"Christians use English to reach Japanese youth"</a>. Mission Network News (Anglice). Die 3 Septembris anni 2007. Archivatum ex originali die 11 Iunii anni 2010. "The population of Japan is less than one-percent Christian" </li> <li id="cite_note-217"><a href="#cite_ref-217">↑</a> Heide Fehrenbach, Uta G. Poiger (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.es/books?id=RB2goIgxF68C&pg=PAPA62&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false">Transactions, transgressions, transformations: American culture in Western Europe and Japan</a> (Anglice). Berghahn Books. p. 62. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9781571811080" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-57181-108-0</a>. "followers of the Christian faith constitute only about a half percent of the Japanese population" </li> <li id="cite_note-218"><a href="#cite_ref-218">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://honkawa2.sakura.ne.jp/7770.html">Religio in Iaponiā per praefecturam</a> (Iaponice). Statisticae anni 1996. </li> <li id="cite_note-219"><a href="#cite_ref-219">↑</a> Kato, Mariko (die 24 Februarii anni 2009). "Christianity's long history in the margins" (Anglice). Japan Times. </li> <li id="cite_note-220"><a href="#cite_ref-220">↑</a> "Aemilius (Emile) A. Nakhleh, Keiko Sakurai et Michael Penn; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nbr.org/publications/asia_policy/Preview/AP5_IslamJapan_preview.pdf">"Islam in Japan: A Cause for Concern?", Asia Policy 5</a>, Ianuario anni 2008" (Anglice) (PDF). Archivatum ex originali (PDF) die 10 Octobris anni 2017. Inspectum die 4 Novembris anni 2016. </li> <li id="cite_note-221"><a href="#cite_ref-221">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewforum.org/2011/01/27/table-muslim-population-by-country/">"Table: Muslim Population by Country"</a> (Anglice). Pew Research Center. Die 27 Ianuarii anni 2011. Inspectum die 19 Martii anni 2017. </li> <li id="cite_note-222"><a href="#cite_ref-222">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bahaijp.org/">Rete Bahaisticum Iaponicum</a> (Iaponice). </li> <li id="cite_note-223"><a href="#cite_ref-223">↑</a> Clarke, Petrus (Peter), ed. (1993). [The World's religions : understanding the living faiths] (Anglice). Reader's Digest. p. 208. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9780895775016" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-89577-501-6</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-224"><a href="#cite_ref-224">↑</a> Gundisalvus (Gonzalo) Garland et al. "Dynamics of Demographic Development and its impact on Personal Saving : case of Japan" (Anglice), cum Alberto (Abert) Ando, Andreā (Andrea) Moro, Ioanne Paulo (Juan Pablo) Córdoba, apud Ricerche Economiche, Vol 49, Augusto anni 1995. </li> <li id="cite_note-Ogawa-225">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Ogawa_225-0">225.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ogawa_225-1">225.1</a> Ogawa, Naohiro. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mofa.go.jp/j_info/japan/socsec/ogawa.html">"Demographic Trends and their implications for Japan's future"</a> (Anglice). Transcriptio orationis Nonis Martiis anni 1997 habitae. Ministerium rerum externarum. Inspectum pridie Idus Maias anni 2006. </li> <li id="cite_note-226"><a href="#cite_ref-226">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2012-01-02/japanese-population-drops-most-since-world-war-ii-after-quake">"Japan Population Drops Most Since World War II"</a> (Anglice). Die 2 Ianuarii anni 2012. </li> <li id="cite_note-227"><a href="#cite_ref-227">↑</a> Ryall, Iulianus (Julian) (die 3 Ianuarii anni 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/japan/8989372/Japans-population-contracts-at-fastest-rate-since-at-least-1947.html">"Japan's population contracts at fastest rate since at least 1947"</a> (Anglice). The Telegraph. Inspectum die 29 Octobris anni 2013. </li> <li id="cite_note-SHJ-C2-228"><a href="#cite_ref-SHJ-C2_228-0">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stat.go.jp/english/data/handbook/c0117.html#c02">"Statistical Handbook of Japan 2013: Chapter 2 – Population"</a> (Anglice). Miisterium statisticae. Inspectum die 14 Februarii anni 2014. </li> <li id="cite_note-229"><a href="#cite_ref-229">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_Message.aspx">"frm_Message"</a> (Anglice). Inspectum die 5 Octobris anni 2016. </li> <li id="cite_note-230"><a href="#cite_ref-230">↑</a> Sakanaka, Hidenori (die 5 Octobris anni 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070929222250/http://jipi.gr.jp/english/message.html">"Japan Immigration Policy Institute: Director's message"</a> (Anglice). Institutum programmatis immigratorii Iaponiae. Archivatum ex originali die 29 Septembris anni 2007. Inspectum Nonis Ianuariis anni 2007. </li> <li id="cite_note-231"><a href="#cite_ref-231">↑</a> French, Hovardus (Howard) (die 24 Iulii 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2003/07/24/world/insular-japan-needs-but-resists-immigration.html">"Insular Japan Needs, but Resists, Immigration"</a> (Anglice). The New York Times. Inspectum die 21 Februarii anni 2007. </li> <li id="cite_note-232"><a href="#cite_ref-232">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/toukei_t_minj03.html">帰化許可申請者数等の推移</a> (Iaponice). Ministerium iustitiae. Inspectum die 17 Martii 2011. </li> <li id="cite_note-233"><a href="#cite_ref-233">↑</a> Metacomisis-is; confer Neograecum vocabulum μετακόμιση. </li> <li id="cite_note-234"><a href="#cite_ref-234">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190624070608/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2013/03/20/national/2012-saw-record-high-2545-people-apply-for-refugee-status-in-japan/#.XRk2Go9S-00">"2012 saw record-high 2,545 people apply for refugee status in Japan"</a> (Anglice). Japan Times. Die 20 Martii anni 2013. </li> <li id="cite_note-235"><a href="#cite_ref-235">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2011/09/30/presidential-memorandum-fiscal-year-2012-refugee-admissions-numbers-and-">"Presidential Memorandum – Fiscal Year 2012 Refugee Admissions Numbers and Authorizations of In-Country Refugee Status"</a> (Anglice). Domus Alba. Pridie Kalendas Octobres anni 2011. </li> <li id="cite_note-236"><a href="#cite_ref-236">↑</a> Strom, Stephania (Stephanie) (Idibus Iuliis anni 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1999/07/15/world/in-japan-mired-in-recession-suicides-soar.html">"In Japan, Mired in Recession, Suicides Soar"</a> (Anglice). The New York Times. Inspectum die 20 Septembris anni 2008. </li> <li id="cite_note-237"><a href="#cite_ref-237">↑</a> Lewis, Leo (die 19 Iunii anni 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/">"Japan gripped by suicide epidemic"</a>. The Times. Inspectum die 20 Septembris anni 2008. </li> <li id="cite_note-238"><a href="#cite_ref-238">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://japantoday.com/category/features/opinions/bare-statistics-mask-human-cost-of-japan%25e2%2580%2599s-high-suicide-rate">"Bare statistics mask human cost of Japan's high suicide rate"</a> (Anglice). Japan Today. Pridie Kalendas Aprilis anni 2010. Inspectum die 3 Februarii anni 2014. </li> <li id="cite_note-239"><a href="#cite_ref-239">↑</a> Ozawa-de Silva, Chikako (Decembri anni 2008). "Too Lonely to Die Alone: Internet Suicide Pacts and Existential Suffering in Japan" (Anglice). Cult Med Psychiatry. 32 (4): 516–551. doi:10.1007/s11013-008-9108-0. <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18800195?dopt=Abstract">PMID 18800195</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FMI-240"><a href="#cite_ref-FMI_240-0">↑</a> <a href="/wiki/Fundus_monetarius_internationalis" title="Fundus monetarius internationalis">Fundus monetarius internationalis</a> (FMI), ed. (Aprile anni 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2016/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=68&pr.y=2&sy=2014&ey=2021&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=158&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a==">«World Economic Outlook Database»</a> (Anglice). Inspectum die 18 Aprilis anni 2016. </li> <li id="cite_note-241"><a href="#cite_ref-241">↑</a> FMI. (Aprile anni 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2008/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2008&ey=2008&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=24&pr1.y=9&c=158&s=NGDPD&grp=0&a=">World Economic Outlook Database. Report for Selected Countries and Subjects</a> (Anglice). Inspectum die 15 Septembris anni 2008. </li> <li id="cite_note-242"><a href="#cite_ref-242">↑</a> <a href="/wiki/Sedes_centralis_exploratoria" title="Sedes centralis exploratoria">Sedes centralis exploratoria</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110604195034/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2001rank.html">The World Factbook: Country Comparison— GDP</a> (Anglice). Inspectum Idibus Augustis anni 2007. </li> <li id="cite_note-243"><a href="#cite_ref-243">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.suapesquisa.com/paises/japao/economia_japao.htm">«Economia do Japão»</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lusice" class="mw-redirect" title="Lusice">Lusice</a>). Sua pesquisa. Inspectum pridie Nonas Augustas anni 2010. </li> <li id="cite_note-Japan-Economy-244">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Japan-Economy_244-0">244.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Japan-Economy_244-1">244.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Japan-Economy_244-2">244.2</a> <a href="/wiki/Sedes_centralis_exploratoria" title="Sedes centralis exploratoria">Sedes centralis exploratoria</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181226010157/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ja.html%20#Econ">World Factbook; Japan—Economy</a> (Anglice). (Die 19 Decembris anni 2006). Inspectum die 28 Decembris anni 2006. </li> <li id="cite_note-245"><a href="#cite_ref-245">↑</a> BLUSTEIN, Paulus (Paul). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A40192-2005Jan26.html">"China Passes U.S. In Trade With Japan. 2004 Figures Show Asian Giant's Muscle"</a> (Anglice). Archivatum die 8 Augusti anni 2007, apud Wayback Machine.. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a> (die 27 Ianuarii anni 2005). Consultum die 28 Decembri anni 2006. </li> <li id="cite_note-Mitsubishi-246"><a href="#cite_ref-Mitsubishi_246-0">↑</a> Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group, Inc. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070808181556/http://www.mufg.jp/english/ir/fs/backnumber/2007mufg-mar-1q/pdffile/mufg2007_1q_e.pdf">Consolidated financial information</a> (Anglice). Archivatum die 8 Augusti anni 2007 apud <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (non est haec pagina)">Wayback Machine</a>. PDF (202, 64 KB) . (Pridie Kalendas Augustas anni 2006). Consultum die 29 Decembris anni 2006. </li> <li id="cite_note-247"><a href="#cite_ref-247">↑</a> KASHIWAGI, Akiko e S. GOODMAN, Petrus (Peter). (Die 16 Iulii anni 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070808183943/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A54352-2004Jul16.html">Japan Merger Creates World's Largest Bank</a> (Anglice). Archivatum die 8 Augusti anni 2007 apud <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (non est haec pagina)">Wayback Machine</a>. Consultum die 10 Martii 2007. </li> <li id="cite_note-248"><a href="#cite_ref-248">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alcuinus.net/ephemeris/archi2010/nuntius1.php?id=868">Ephemeris</a> ubi dicitur "Adhuc palmam maximae transactionis IPO tenebat bursa Tokiensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-249"><a href="#cite_ref-249">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.es/books?id=0PXHgsvKqkkC&pg=PA183&lpg=PA183&dq=anatocismus+capitalizaci%C3%B3n+del+col&source=bl&ots=pjJPvEELVI&sig=ACfU3U2n48Tq3VnMvJR2M9oH-LM9n0j-XQ&hl=es&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjZjIKP0_HjAhV_BWMBHXLIBOIQ6AEwDHoECAkQAQ#v=onepage&q=anatocismus%20capitalizaci%C3%B3n%20del%20col&f=false">Diccionario Auxiliar Español-Latino ab Iosepho Ioanne del Col</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-250"><a href="#cite_ref-250">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/DICCIONARIOAUXILIARESPANOLLATINOPARAELUSOMODERNODELLATINJOSEJUANDELCOL/DICCIONARIO+AUXILIAR+ESPANOL+LATINO+PARA+EL+USO+MODERNO+DEL+LATIN++JOSE+JUAN+DEL+COL_djvu.txte">Diccionario Auxiliar Español-Latino ab Iosepho Ioanne del Col</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-251"><a href="#cite_ref-251">↑</a> <a href="/wiki/Bursa_Novi_Eboraci" title="Bursa Novi Eboraci">Bursa Novi Eboraci</a>. (Pridie Kalendas Februarii anni 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071011121725/http://www.nyse.com/events/1170156816059.html">Informationes de mercatū</a> (Anglice). Archivatum die 11 Octobris anni 2007, apud <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (non est haec pagina)">Wayback Machine</a>. Inspectum die 11 Augusti anni 2007. </li> <li id="cite_note-Keiretsu-252">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Keiretsu_252-0">252.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Keiretsu_252-1">252.1</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110726005149/http://www.bugei.com.br/artigos/index.asp?show=artigo&id=17">«Keiretsu - Os gigantes do Japão»</a> (Lusice). Sociedade Brasileira de Bugei. Inspectum pridie Nonas Augustas anni 2010. Archivatum ex originali die 26 Iulii anni 2011. </li> <li id="cite_note-253"><a href="#cite_ref-253">↑</a> ROY, Kingshuk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070808181556/http://www.nourin.tsukuba.ac.jp/~tasae/Japan.pdf">Water Resources in relation to Major Agro-Environmental Issues in Japan</a> (Anglice). Archivatum die 8 Augusti anni 2007, apud <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (non est haec pagina)">Wayback Machine</a>. PDF (111,95 KB). Collegium scientiae bio-opium, Universitas Nihon (2006). Inspectum die 21 Februarii anni 2007. </li> <li id="cite_note-254"><a href="#cite_ref-254">↑</a> Vide lemma "socalco" apud "Dicionario galego-latino clásico e moderno" auctoris Iosephi (vulgo Xosé) López Díaz. </li> <li id="cite_note-255"><a href="#cite_ref-255">↑</a> Strategis. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070817043751/http://strategis.ic.gc.ca/epic/site/ibi-iai.nsf/en/bi18701e.html">Japan: Country Information</a> (Anglice). Archivatum die 17 Augusti anni 2007, apud <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (non est haec pagina)">Wayback Machine</a>. Inspectum Kalendis Aprilibus anni 2007. </li> <li id="cite_note-256"><a href="#cite_ref-256">↑</a> <a href="/wiki/Sedes_centralis_exploratoria" title="Sedes centralis exploratoria">Sedes centralis exploratoria</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110604195034/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2001rank.html">The World Factbook: Country Comparison— GDP</a> (Anglice). Inspectum Idibus Augustis anni 2007. </li> <li id="cite_note-257"><a href="#cite_ref-257">↑</a> Ministerium Defensionis Iaponiae. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mod.go.jp/e/defense_policy/example/maritime/index.htm">Maritimarum operum exemplum</a>. Archivatum die 14 Ianuarii anni 2007, apud Wayback Machine. Inspectum die 26 Martii anni 2007. </li> <li id="cite_note-258"><a href="#cite_ref-258">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oica.net/wp-content/uploads/cars-2011-november-2012.pdf">«World Motor Vehicle Production by country and type 2010-2011: passenger cars»</a> (PDF) (Anglice). Organisation Internationale des Constructeurs d’Automobiles. Inspectum die 6 Februarii anni 2013. Exemplar archivatum (PDF) die 17 Ianuarii anni 2013 </li> <li id="cite_note-259"><a href="#cite_ref-259">↑</a> Commissio Economica Nationum Unitarum pro Europā (declaratio preli die 17 Octubris anni 2000). The Boom in Robot Investment Continues – 900,000 Industrial Robots by 2003 (Anglice). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unece.org/press/pr2000/00stat10e.htm">Archivatum</a> die 27 Aprilis anni 2011, apud <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (non est haec pagina)">Wayback Machine</a>. Inspectum die 28 Decembris anni 2006. </li> <li id="cite_note-260"><a href="#cite_ref-260">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/keiretsus">«keiretsus»</a> (Anglice). Merriam-Webster. Inspectum pridie Nonas Augustas anni 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/keiretsus">Exemplar archivatum</a> die 9 Aprilis anni 2010. </li> <li id="cite_note-261"><a href="#cite_ref-261">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110624033416/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-16886985.html">«Article: Kigyo Shudan: the formation and functions of enterprise groups.(Special Issue on The Origins of Japanese Industrial Power: Strategy, Institutions and the Development of Organisational Capability)»</a> (Anglice). High beam. Inspectum pridie Nonas Augustas anni 2010. Archivatum ex originali ide 24 Iunii anni 2011. </li> <li id="cite_note-Caium-262"><a href="#cite_ref-Caium_262-0">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www2.uni-mannheim.de/mateo/camenaref/hofmann/hof2/s0578a.html">Lexicon Universale Hofmann</a>, Caium erat antiquum nomen huius regionis secundum <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kai_Province" class="extiw" title="en:Kai Province">Vicipaediam Anglicam</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-UNTWO-263">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-UNTWO_263-0">263.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-UNTWO_263-1">263.1</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080819191518/http://www.tourismroi.com/Content_Attachments/27670/File_633513750035785076.pdf#">«UNTWO World Tourism Barometer, Vol.5 No.2»</a> (PDF) (Anglice). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Organizatio_Mundana_Turismi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Organizatio Mundana Turismi (non est haec pagina)">Organizatio Mundana Turismi</a>. Iunio anni 2008. Inspectum Idibus Octobribus anni 2008. Archivatum ex originali (PDF) die 19 Augusti anni 2008. </li> <li id="cite_note-Uji-264"><a href="#cite_ref-Uji_264-0">↑</a> Confer binomen "Setodes ujiensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-Otsu-265"><a href="#cite_ref-Otsu_265-0">↑</a> Confer binomen "Triphora otsuensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-Scott-266">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Scott_266-0">266.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Scott_266-1">266.1</a> Scott, David (1996). Exploring Japan (Anglice). [S.l.]: Fodor's Travel Publications, Inc. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/0679030115" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-679-03011-5</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-267"><a href="#cite_ref-267">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130105083316/http://www.stat.go.jp/english/data/handbook/c07cont.htm">Energy</a>, Statistics Bureau (Anglice). URL inspectum die 28 Decembris anni 2012 (archivatum ex originali url Nonis Ianuariis anni 2013). </li> <li id="cite_note-268"><a href="#cite_ref-268">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/NewsInLatinByReijoPitkaerantaAndTuomoPekkanen2005To2012/LatinitasModernaNuntiiLatiniLatinNews_djvu.txt">Nuntii Latini a Reijo Pitkäranta et Tuomo Pekkaken e 2005 usque ad 2012.</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-269"><a href="#cite_ref-269">↑</a> Osamu Tsukimori, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-nuclear-japan/japan-nuclear-power-free-as-last-reactor-shuts-idUSBRE84405820120505">Japan nuclear power-free as last reactor shuts</a> (Anglice), apud Reuters, die 5 Maii anni 2012. URL inspectum die 28 Decembris anni 2012. </li> <li id="cite_note-270"><a href="#cite_ref-270">↑</a> Brendan Barrett, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ourworld.unu.edu/en/can-nuclear-power-save-japan-from-peak-oil">Can nuclear power save Japan from peak oil?</a> (Anglice), apud OurWorld 2.0, die 2 Februarii anni 2011. URL inspectum die 28 Decembris anni 2012. </li> <li id="cite_note-271"><a href="#cite_ref-271">↑</a> Ilaria Maria Sala, [Il Giappone dà l'addio alle centrali nucleari "Chiuse entro 30 anni"] (Italice), apud <a href="/wiki/La_Stampa" title="La Stampa">La Stampa</a>, die 15 Septembris anni 2012. URL inspectum die 28 Decembris anni 2012. </li> <li id="cite_note-Naritaensis-272"><a href="#cite_ref-Naritaensis_272-0">↑</a> Confer binomen "Schoenoplectiella ×naritaensis". </li> <li id="cite_note-273"><a href="#cite_ref-273">↑</a> Web Japan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web-japan.org/factsheet/en/pdf/e38_transportation.pdf">Transportation: Speed and efficiency through technological advancement</a> (Anglice). Archivatum die 15 Iunii anni 2010 apud <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (non est haec pagina)">Wayback Machine</a>. PDF (799,07 KB). Inspectum Idus Augustas anni 2007. </li> <li id="cite_note-274"><a href="#cite_ref-274">↑</a> Lucianus (Lucien) Ellington, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fpri.org%2Ffootnotes%2F087.200312.ellington.japaneseeducation.html">«Beyond the Rhetoric: Essential Questions About Japanese Education»</a> (Anglice), Foreign Policy Research Institute, Kalendis Decembribrus anni 2003 (inspectum Kalendis Aprilibus anni 2007). </li> <li id="cite_note-275"><a href="#cite_ref-275">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unece.org/press/pr2000/00stat10e.html">The Boom in Robot Investment Continues – 900,000 Industrial Robots by 2003 VN/ECE issues its 2000 World Robotics survey</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3389956" />(<a href="/wiki/Anglice" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglice">Anglice</a>) apud <a href="/w/index.php?title=VNECE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="VNECE (non est haec pagina)">VNECE</a>. Creatum die 17 Octobris 2000. </li> <li id="cite_note-276"><a href="#cite_ref-276">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/en/profile/intro/honor/nobel.htm/">"Japanese Nobel Laureates"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kyoto_University&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kyoto University (non est haec pagina)">Kyoto University</a>. 2009  </li> <li id="cite_note-277"><a href="#cite_ref-277">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/en/profile/intro/honor/fields.htm">"Japanese Fields Medalists"</a>. Kyoto University. 2009 . </li> <li id="cite_note-278"><a href="#cite_ref-278">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/en/profile/intro/honor/gauss.htm">"Dr. Kiyoshi Ito receives Gauss Prize"</a>. Kyoto University. 2009 . </li> <li id="cite_note-279"><a href="#cite_ref-279">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120513140027/http://www.jaxa.jp/projects/sat/planet_c/index_e.html">Venus Climate Orbiter "AKATSVKI" (PLANET-C)</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3389956" />(<a href="/wiki/Anglice" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglice">Anglice</a>) apud <a href="/w/index.php?title=Administratio_Iaponica_Explorationis_A%C3%ABrosideralis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Administratio Iaponica Explorationis Aërosideralis (non est haec pagina)">Administrationem Iaponicam Explorationis Aërosideralis</a>. Creatio indicta. </li> <li id="cite_note-280"><a href="#cite_ref-280">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110513024411/http://www.isas.jaxa.jp/e/enterp/missions/planet-c/index.shtml">Venus Meteorology AKATSVKI (PLANET-C)</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3389956" />(<a href="/wiki/Anglice" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglice">Anglice</a>) in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Institute_of_Space_and_Astronautical_Science&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (non est haec pagina)">Institute of Space and Astronautical Science</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-281"><a href="#cite_ref-281">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://spaceflightnow.com/news/n1203/05bepicolombo/">ESA says BepiColombo will stay on budget despite delay</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3389956" />(<a href="/wiki/Anglice" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglice">Anglice</a>) in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Spaceflight_Now&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spaceflight Now (non est haec pagina)">Spaceflight Now</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Stephanus_Clark" title="Stephanus Clark">Stephano Clark</a> die <a href="/wiki/5_Martii" title="5 Martii">5 Martii</a> <a href="/wiki/2012" title="2012">2012</a> creatum. </li> <li id="cite_note-282"><a href="#cite_ref-282">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.moondaily.com/reports/Japan_Plans_Moon_Base_By_2030_999.html">Japan Plans Moon Base By 2030</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3389956" />(<a href="/wiki/Anglice" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglice">Anglice</a>) in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Moon_Daily&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moon Daily (non est haec pagina)">Moon Daily</a>. Creatum die 3 Augusti 2006. </li> <li id="cite_note-283"><a href="#cite_ref-283">↑</a> Victor Rodwin, [<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.nyu.edu/projects/rodwin/lessons.html">http://www.nyu.edu/projects/rodwin/lessons.html</a> «Health Care in Japan» (AnglicE), Universitas Neo-Eboracensis (inspectum die 10 Martii anni 2007). </li> <li id="cite_note-284"><a href="#cite_ref-284">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ipss.go.jp/s-info/e/Jasos/Health.html">«Health Insurance: General Characteristics»</a> (Anglice). National Institute of Population and Social Security Research (inspectum die 28 Martii anni 2007). </li> <li id="cite_note-Haffner-285"><a href="#cite_ref-Haffner_285-0">↑</a> Haffner, Ioannes (John); Klett, Thomas (Tomas); Lehmann, Ioannes-Petrus (Jean-Pierre) (2009). Japan's Open Future: An Agenda for Global Citizenship (Anglice). Anthem Press. p. 17. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9781843313113" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-84331-311-3</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-286"><a href="#cite_ref-286">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bunka.go.jp/english/index.html">"Administration of Cultural Affairs in Japan"</a> (Anglice et Iaponice). Administratio rerum culturalium. Inspectum die 11 Maii anni 2011. </li> <li id="cite_note-287"><a href="#cite_ref-287">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/jp">"Japan – Properties Inscribed on the World Heritage List"</a> (Anglice et Francice). <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a>. Inspectum die 5 Iulii anni 2011. </li> <li id="cite_note-288"><a href="#cite_ref-288">↑</a> Tange, Kenzo; Kawazoe, Noboru (1965). Ise: Prototype of Japanese Architecture (Anglice). Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press. </li> <li id="cite_note-289"><a href="#cite_ref-289">↑</a> Kazuo, Nishi; Kazuo, Hozumi (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.es/books?id=oZl_yEJGtUYC&redir_esc=y">What is Japanese Architecture?: A Survey of Traditional Japanese Architecture with a List of Sites and a Map</a> (Anglice). Kodansha. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9784770019929" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-4-7700-1992-9</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-Arrowsmith-290">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Arrowsmith_290-0">290.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Arrowsmith_290-1">290.1</a> Arrowsmith, Rupertus Ricardus (Rupert Richard) (2010).<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.es/books?id=MIBNXScRj3QC&redir_esc=y">Modernism and the Museum: Asian, African, and Pacific Art and the London Avant-Garde</a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9780199593699" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-19-959369-9</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-291"><a href="#cite_ref-291">↑</a> Breve storia del cinema giapponese (Italice), p. 14-15. </li> <li id="cite_note-292"><a href="#cite_ref-292">↑</a> Breve storia del cinema giapponese (Italice), p. 64. </li> <li id="cite_note-293"><a href="#cite_ref-293">↑</a> Breve storia del cinema giapponese (Italice), p. 113-115. </li> <li id="cite_note-294"><a href="#cite_ref-294">↑</a> Keene, donaldus (Donald) (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.es/books?id=_DEwTJq3TbcC&redir_esc=y">Seeds in the Heart: Japanese Literature from Earliest Times to the Late Sixteenth Century</a> (Anglice). Columbia University Press. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9780231114417" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-231-11441-7</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-295"><a href="#cite_ref-295">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130116015033/http://www.meijigakuin.ac.jp/~ascj/2000/200015.htm">"Asian Studies Conference, Japan (2000)"</a> (Anglice). Meiji Gakuin University. Inspectum Kalendis Aprilibus anni 2007. </li> <li id="cite_note-Windows-296">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Windows_296-0">296.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Windows_296-1">296.1</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051203034125/http://www.isp.msu.edu/asianstudies/wbwoa/eastasia/Japan/literature.html">"Windows on Asia – Literature : Antiquity to Middle Ages: Recent Past"</a> (Anglice). Universitas Civitatis Michiganiae. Archivatum ex originali die 3 Decembris anni 2005. Inspectum die 28 Decembris anni 2007. </li> <li id="cite_note-297"><a href="#cite_ref-297">↑</a> Totman, Conradus (Conrad) (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.es/books?id=Z_a_QgAACAAJ&redir_esc=y">A History of Japan</a> (II ed., Anglice). Blackwell. pp. 126–127. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9781405123594" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-4051-2359-4</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-298"><a href="#cite_ref-298">↑</a> Royall, Tyler, ed. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.es/books?id=AIUvc9FnZ5AC&redir_esc=y">The Tale of Genji</a> (Anglice). Penguin Classics. pp. i–ii, xii. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9780142437148" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-14-243714-8</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-299"><a href="#cite_ref-299">↑</a> Keene, Donaldus (Donald) (1999). [ <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://books.google.es/books?id=gwQTF-9axqoC&redir_esc=yWorld">https://books.google.es/books?id=gwQTF-9axqoC&redir_esc=yWorld</a> Within Walls: Japanese Literature of the Pre-Modern Era, 1600–1867] (Anglice). Columbia University Press. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9780231114677" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-231-11467-7</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-300"><a href="#cite_ref-300">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/japanese-confucian/">"Japanese Confucian Philosophy"</a> (Anglice). Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Die 20 Maii anni 2008. </li> <li id="cite_note-301"><a href="#cite_ref-301">↑</a> Parkes, Graham (January 1, 2011). Zalta, Eduardus (Edward) N. (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2011/entries/japanese-aesthetics/">The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy</a> – viā Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. </li> <li id="cite_note-302"><a href="#cite_ref-302">↑</a> Malm, Gulielmus (William) P. (2000). <a href="//archive.org/details/traditionaljapan0000malm/page/35" class="extiw" title="iarchive:traditionaljapan0000malm/page/35">Traditional Japanese music and musical instruments</a> (Nova ed.). Kodansha International. pp. 31–45. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9784770023957" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-4-7700-2395-7</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-303"><a href="#cite_ref-303">↑</a> SVide verbi gratiā, <a href="/wiki/Olivarius_Messiaen" title="Olivarius Messiaen">Olivarii(Olivier) Messiaen</a>, Sept haïkaï (1962), (Olivier Messiaen: a research and information guide (Anglice), Routledge, 2008, ab Vincentio (Vincent) Pérez Benítez, p. 67) et (Messiaen the Theologian (Anglice), Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2010, pp. 243–265, ab Andreā (Andrew) Shenton) </li> <li id="cite_note-304"><a href="#cite_ref-304">↑</a> Campion, Christianus (Chris) (die 22 Augusti anni 2005). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/music/2005/aug/21/popandrock3">J-Pop History</a>" (Anglice). The Observer. Londinii. Consultum Kalendis Aprilibus anni 2007. </li> <li id="cite_note-305"><a href="#cite_ref-305">↑</a> Martínez, D.P., ed. (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.es/books?id=6mqM8m-sJY4C&redir_esc=y">The worlds of Japanese popular culture: gender, shifting boundaries and global cultures</a> (Anglice). Cambridge University Press. p. 76. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9780521637299" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-521-63729-9</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-306"><a href="#cite_ref-306">↑</a> Takeo Doi, The anatomy of self (1985) (Anglice), p. 35. </li> <li id="cite_note-307"><a href="#cite_ref-307">↑</a> Christina (Christine) Genzberger (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.es/books?id=Ofvka_i08CAC&pg=PAPA155&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false">Japan Business: The Portable Encyclopedia for Doing Business With Japan</a> (Anglice). World Trade Press. p. 155. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9780963186423" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-9631864-2-3</a>. Inspectum die 22 Octobris anni 2012. </li> <li id="cite_note-308"><a href="#cite_ref-308">↑</a> Susanna (Susan) C. Bauman (994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.es/books?id=j6epMhUlJQcC&pg=PAPA12&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false">In Search of the Japanese Spirit in Talent Education</a> (Anglice). Alfred Music Publishing. p. 12. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9780874877670" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-87487-767-0</a>. Inspectum die 22 Octobris anni 2012. </li> <li id="cite_note-309"><a href="#cite_ref-309">↑</a> Maynard, Michael L; Maynard, Senko K; Taki (1993). 101 Japanese Idioms: Understanding Japanese Language and Culture Through Popular Phrases. McGraw Hill Professional (Anglice). p. 113. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9780844284965" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-8442-8496-5</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-310"><a href="#cite_ref-310">↑</a> Ricardus (Richard) J. Berenson, Nialus (Neil) deMause, The complete illustrated guidebook to Prospect Park and the Brooklyn Botanic Garden (2001) (Anglice), p. 121. </li> <li id="cite_note-311"><a href="#cite_ref-311">↑</a> Nishimura, Shoji; Nevgi, Anne; Tella, Seppo. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319030459/http://www.helsinki.fi/~tella/nishimuranevgitella299.pdf">"Communication Style and Cultural Features in High/Low Context Communication Cultures: A Case Study of Finland, Japan and India"</a> (PDF) (Anglice). Helsinki.fi. Archivatum ex originali PDF die 19 Martii anni 2015. Inspectum die 23 Decembris anni 2014. </li> <li id="cite_note-312"><a href="#cite_ref-312">↑</a> Cohen, Raimundus (Raymond) (1977). <a href="//archive.org/details/negotiatingacros00cohe" class="extiw" title="iarchive:negotiatingacros00cohe">Negotiating Across Cultures: Communication Obstacles in International Diplomacy</a> (Anglice). United States Institute of Peace Press (Kalendis Septembribus anni 1991). <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9781878379085" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-878379-08-5</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-313"><a href="#cite_ref-313">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tjf.or.jp/en/">"A Day in the Life: Seasonal Foods"</a> (Anglice) Archivatum die 16 Ianuarii anni 2013 in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (non est haec pagina)">Wayback Machine</a>, The Japan Forum Newsletter, die 14 Septembris anni 1999. </li> <li id="cite_note-314"><a href="#cite_ref-314">↑</a> Vide "curry" apud Hodiernum vel Vocabularium Latinitatis huius aetatis, auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo. </li> <li id="cite_note-315"><a href="#cite_ref-315">↑</a> Lucia (Lucy) M. Long (die 17 Iulii anni 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.es/books?id=DBzYCQAAQBAJ&pg=PAPA329&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false">Ethnic Food Today: A Cultural Encyclopedia</a> (Anglice). Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. pp. 329–. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9781442227316" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-4422-2731-6</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-316"><a href="#cite_ref-316">↑</a> Hiroko Fujita; Fran Stallings (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.es/books?id=p7nNJAt75XQC&pg=PAPA148&redir_esc=y">Folktales from the Japanese Countryside</a> (Anglice). Libraries Unlimited. pp. 148–. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9781591584889" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-59158-488-9</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-317"><a href="#cite_ref-317">↑</a> Carolus (Carl) A. Batt (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.es/books?id=1b1CAgAAQBAJ&pg=PAPA846&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false">Encyclopedia of Food Microbiology</a> (Anglice). Academic Press. pp. 846–. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9780123847331" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-12-384733-1</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-318"><a href="#cite_ref-318">↑</a> Christophorus (Christopher) Boulton; David Quain (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.es/books?id=QpDVsu-vaBcC&pg=PAPT20&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false">Brewing Yeast and Fermentation</a> (Anglice). John Wiley & Sons. pp. 20–. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9781118685341" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-118-68534-1</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-319"><a href="#cite_ref-319">↑</a> Etiam <a href="/wiki/Liber" title="Liber">liber</a> pictus, historiola picta, et nubeculatus libellus. </li> <li id="cite_note-320"><a href="#cite_ref-320">↑</a> Confer <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_neograeca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingua neograeca (non est haec pagina)">Neograecum</a> vocabulum οθονογραφία </li> <li id="cite_note-321"><a href="#cite_ref-321">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200924052902/https://newzoo.com/insights/infographics/japan-games-market-2018/">Japan Games Market 2018</a> (Anglice). </li> <li id="cite_note-322"><a href="#cite_ref-322">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041205020625/http://www.nhk.or.jp/bunken/bcri-fr/h13-f1.html">"The Japanese and Television, 2000"</a> (Anglice). Archivatum ex originali Nonis Decembribus anni 2004. Inspectum die 3 Novembris anni 2016. </li> <li id="cite_note-Gatzen-323">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Gatzen_323-0">323.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gatzen_323-1">323.1</a> Australia, Barbara Gatzen, Universitas Nationalis Australiana (die 17 Aprilis anni 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.japanesestudies.org.uk/discussionpapers/Gatzen.html">"Media and Communication in Japan: Current Issues and Future Research"</a> (Anglice). </li> <li id="cite_note-新聞と読者-324">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-新聞と読者_324-0">324.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-新聞と読者_324-1">324.1</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20020418125404/http://www.pressnet.or.jp/data/0202.htm">2.新聞と読者 Newspapers and Readers</a> (Iaponice et Anglice). Archivatum ex originali die 18 April anni 2002. Inspectum die 3 Novembris anni 2016. </li> <li id="cite_note-325"><a href="#cite_ref-325">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nhk.or.jp/bunken/english/reports/pdf/report_16042101.pdf">Television Viewing and Media Use Today: From "The Japanese and Television 2015"</a> (Percontatio Anglice), Institutum investigationis culturae divulgationis a NHK, Provincia investigationis opinionis publicae. Aprili anni 2016. </li> <li id="cite_note-326"><a href="#cite_ref-326">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20020418105725/http://www.pressnet.or.jp/data/0101.htm">1.発行部数 Circulation</a> (Iaponice et Anglice). Inspectum die 3 Novembris anni 2016. </li> <li id="cite_note-327"><a href="#cite_ref-327">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121027152501/http://screenaustralia.gov.au/research/statistics/acompfilms.asp">"Top 50 countries ranked by number of feature films produced, 2005–2010"</a> (Anglice). Screen Australia. Inspectum pridie Idus Iulii anni 2012. </li> <li id="cite_note-328"><a href="#cite_ref-328">↑</a> [[인문사회]일본을 알려면 ‘아니메’를 보라] (<a href="/wiki/Coreane" class="mw-redirect" title="Coreane">Coreane</a>), Nonis Novembribus anni 2005. </li> <li id="cite_note-Kimonum-329">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Kimonum_329-0">329.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kimonum_329-1">329.1</a> Vide <a class="external text" href="https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/kimonum#Formae_aliae">victionarium latinum</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-330"><a href="#cite_ref-330">↑</a> Nakamura, Akemi (die 8 Aprilis anni 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081114165513/http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nn20080408i1.html">"National holidays trace roots to China, ancients, harvests"</a> (Anglice). Japan Times. </li> <li id="cite_note-331"><a href="#cite_ref-331">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.officeholidays.com/countries/japan/">"Public Holidays in Japan in 2016"</a> (Anglice). </li> <li id="cite_note-332"><a href="#cite_ref-332">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070307073410/http://www.pbs.org/independentlens/sumoeastandwest/sumo.html">"Sumo: East and West"</a> (Anglice). PBS. Inspectum die 10 Martii 2007. </li> <li id="cite_note-333"><a href="#cite_ref-333">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070317192109/http://www.uk.emb-japan.go.jp/en/facts/culture_dailylife.html">"Culture and Daily Life"</a> (Anglice). Iaponiae ambasciata in Britanniarum Regno. Inspectum die 27 Martii anni 2007. </li> <li id="cite_note-334"><a href="#cite_ref-334">↑</a> Nagata, Yoichi; Holway, John B. (1995). "Japanese Baseball" (Anglice). In Palmer, Pete (ed.). Total Baseball (IV ed.). Viking Press. p. 547. </li> <li id="cite_note-335"><a href="#cite_ref-335">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tjf.or.jp/takarabako/PDF/TB09_JCN.pdf">"Soccer as a Popular Sport: Putting Down Roots in Japan"</a> (PDF) (Anglice). The Japan Forum. Inspectum Kalendis Aprilibus anni 2007. </li> <li id="cite_note-336"><a href="#cite_ref-336">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190222081910/https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/edition=4395/index.html">"Previous FIFA World Cups"</a> (Anglice). <a href="/wiki/FIFA" title="FIFA">FIFA</a>. Inspectum die 7 Ianuarii anni 2011. </li> <li id="cite_note-337"><a href="#cite_ref-337">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190331113222/https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/matches/round=255989/match=300144437/summary.html">"Japan edge USA for maiden title"</a> (Anglice). <a href="/wiki/FIFA" title="FIFA">FIFA</a>. Die 17 Iulii anni 2011. </li> <li id="cite_note-338"><a href="#cite_ref-338">↑</a> Varcoe, Fridericus (Fred). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070926215517/http://metropolis.co.jp/tokyo/604/sports.asp">"Japanese Golf Gets Friendly"</a> (Anglice). Metropolis. Inspectum Kalendis Aprilibus anni 2007. </li> <li id="cite_note-339"><a href="#cite_ref-339">↑</a> "[Honda]" (Anglice, Francogallice, Hispanice, Theodisce, Italice et Iaponice). STATS F1. Inspectum die 21 Februarii anni 2020. </li> <li id="cite_note-340"><a href="#cite_ref-340">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wrc.com/es/mas/wrc-historia/groupo-a/">"WRC – World Rally Championship"</a>. Certamen Mundanum Autocinetorum. Inspectum die 21 Februarii anni 2020. </li> <li id="cite_note-341"><a href="#cite_ref-341">↑</a> Sports, Dorna. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.motogp.com/en/news/2017/10/11/japanese-industry-in-motogp/241690">"Japanese industry in MotoGP™"</a> (Anglice, Francogallice, Hispanice, Theodisce, Italice et Lusice). www.motogp.com. Inspectum die 21 Februarii anni 2020. </li> <li id="cite_note-342"><a href="#cite_ref-342">↑</a> Nagatsuka, Kaz (die 14 Iunii anni 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/sports/2017/06/14/more-sports/auto-racing/sato-revels-glow-historic-indy-500-triumph/">"Sato revels in glow of historic Indy 500 triumph"</a> (Anglice). The Japan Times Online. </li> <li id="cite_note-343"><a href="#cite_ref-343">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.24h-lemans.com/en/news/japan-at-the-24-hours-of-le-mans-infographic-50293">"Japan at the 24 Hours of Le Mans – Infographic"</a> (Anglice). lemans.org. Inspectum die 21 Februarii anni 2020. </li> <li id="cite_note-344"><a href="#cite_ref-344">↑</a> Clarke, Len. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070926215524/http://metropolis.co.jp/tokyo/623/sports.asp">"Japanese Omnibus: Sports"</a>. Metropolis. Inspectum Kalendis Aprilibus anni 2007. </li> <li id="cite_note-345"><a href="#cite_ref-345">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.joc.or.jp/english/historyjapan/history_japan_bid.html">"Olympic History in Japan"</a> (Anglice et Iaponice). Consilium Olympicum Iaponicum. Inspectum die 7 Ianuarii anni 2011. </li> <li id="cite_note-346"><a href="#cite_ref-346">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fiba.basketball/es/basketballworldcup/2023">"FIBA Basketball World Cup 2023"</a> (Hispanice). Inspectum die 24 Septembris anni 2020. </li> <li id="cite_note-347"><a href="#cite_ref-347">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.olympic.org/news/ioc-selects-tokyo-as-host-of-2020-summer-olympic-games">"IOC selects Tokyo as host of 2020 Summer Olympic Games"</a> (Anglice et Francogallice]]. Consilium Olympicum internationale. Die 21 Iulii anni 2016. </li> <li id="cite_note-348"><a href="#cite_ref-348">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fivb.org/TheGame/TheGame_WorldChampionships.htm">"The Game – World Championships – FIVB Women's World Championships Finals"</a> (Anglice). FIVB. Inspectum <a href="/wiki/13_Iunii" title="13 Iunii">Idibus Iuniis</a> anni 2017. </li> <li id="cite_note-349"><a href="#cite_ref-349">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131217224929/http://www.rugbyworldcup.com/rugbyworldcup2019/news/newsid%3D2069327.html">"rugbyworldcup.com"</a> (Anglice et Iaponice). Inspectum Kalendis Novembribus anni 2013. </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliographia">Bibliographia</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=44" title="Recensere partem: Bibliographia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliographia">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <table style="clear: both; border-left: 8px solid gray; background-color: #f3f3f3; text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box; width: 75%; margin: 1.5em auto; border-radius: 1em; box-shadow: 8px 8px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, .2);"><tbody><tr><td style="padding: .7em .55em .7em 2em; box-sizing: content-box; text-align: center; width: 50px;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/60px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="46" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/75px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/100px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td><td style="padding: .7em 1em .7em .55em;"> Verba quae insequuntur <a href="/wiki/Vicipaedia:Vicificatio" class="mw-redirect" title="Vicipaedia:Vicificatio">vicificanda</a> sunt ut rationibus <a href="/wiki/Vicipaedia:Commendationes_paginarum_recte_scribendarum" class="mw-redirect" title="Vicipaedia:Commendationes paginarum recte scribendarum">qualitatis</a> et <a href="/wiki/Vicipaedia:Gradus_Latinitatis" class="mw-redirect" title="Vicipaedia:Gradus Latinitatis">Latinitatis</a> propositis obtemperent. Quaesumus ut paginam <a class="external text" href="https://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit">emendes</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li>Berenguer-Futagami, Ferdinandus. 2023. Theseos expositio: de Martini Heidegger philosophia deque eius receptione Iaponica. Academia Friburgiana - Publications</li> <li>Christopher, Robert C. <a href="/wiki/1983" title="1983">1983</a>. The Japanese Mind: the Goliath Explained. Linden Press / Simon and Schuster. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/0330284193" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-330-28419-3</a>.</li> <li>De Mente. <a href="/wiki/1997" title="1997">1997</a>. The Japanese Have a Word For It. Novi Eboraci: McGraw-Hill. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/0844283169" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-8442-8316-9</a>.</li> <li>Flath. <a href="/wiki/2000" title="2000">2000</a>. The Japanese Economy. Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/0198775032" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-19-877503-2</a>.</li> <li>Free. <a href="/wiki/2008" title="2008">2008</a>. Early Japanese Railways 1853–1914: Engineering Triumphs That Transformed Meiji-era Japan. Tuttle Publishing. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/4805310065" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 4-8053-1006-5</a>.</li> <li>Henshall. <a href="/wiki/2001" title="2001">2001</a>. A History of Japan. Palgrave Macmillan. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/0312233701" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-312-23370-1</a>.</li> <li>Hood. <a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>. Shinkansen: From Bullet Train to Symbol of Modern Japan. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/0415320526" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-415-32052-6</a>.</li> <li>Ikegami. <a href="/wiki/2005" title="2005">2005</a>. Bonds Of Civility: Aesthetic Networks And The Political Origins Of Japanese Culture. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/0521601150" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-521-60115-0</a>.</li> <li>Ito, et al. <a href="/wiki/2005" title="2005">2005</a>. Reviving Japan's Economy: Problems and Prescriptions. Cantabrigiae Massachusettae: MIT Press. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/0262090406" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-262-09040-6</a>.</li> <li>Iwabuchi. <a href="/wiki/2002" title="2002">2002</a>. Recentering Globalization: Popular Culture and Japanese Transnationalism. Duke University Press. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/0822328917" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-8223-2891-7</a>.</li> <li>Jansen. <a href="/wiki/2000" title="2000">2000</a>. The Making of Modern Japan. Belknap. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/0674003349" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-674-00334-9</a>.</li> <li>Johnson. <a href="/wiki/1996" title="1996">1996</a>. Japan: Who Governs? Novi Eboraci: W. W. Norton & Company. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/0393314502" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-393-31450-2</a>.</li> <li>Kato, et al. <a href="/wiki/1997" title="1997">1997</a>. A History of Japanese Literature: From the Man'Yoshu to Modern Times. Japan Library. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/1873410484" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1-873410-48-4</a>.</li> <li>Macwilliams. <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>. Japanese Visual Culture: Explorations in the World of Manga and Anime. M. E. Sharpe. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/0765616025" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-7656-1602-5</a>.</li> <li>McDonald. <a href="/wiki/2005" title="2005">2005</a>. Reading a Japanese Film: Cinema in Context. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/082482993X" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-8248-2993-X</a>.</li> <li>Ono, et al. <a href="/wiki/2004" title="2004">2004</a>. Shinto: The Kami Way. Tuttle Publishing. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/0804835578" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-8048-3557-8</a>.</li> <li>Pyle. <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>. Japan Rising: The Resurgence of Japanese Power and Purpose. Public Affairs. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/1586485679" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1-58648-567-9</a>.</li> <li>Reischauer. <a href="/wiki/1989" title="1989">1989</a>. Japan: The Story of a Nation. Novi Eboraci: McGraw-Hill. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/0075570742" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-07-557074-2</a>.</li> <li>Samuels. <a href="/wiki/2008" title="2008">2008</a>. Securing Japan: Tokyo's Grand Strategy and the Future of East Asia. Ithacae Novi Eboraci: Cornell University Press. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/0801474906" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-8014-7490-6</a>.</li> <li>Silverberg. <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>. Erotic Grotesque Nonsense: The Mass Culture of Japanese Modern Times. Berkeleiae: University of California Press. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/0520222733" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-520-22273-3</a>.</li> <li>Shinoda.<a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>. Koizumi Diplomacy: Japan’s Kantei Approach to Foreign and Defense Affairs. University of Washington Press. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/0295986999" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-295-98699-9</a>.</li> <li>Stevens. <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>. Japanese Popular Music: Culture, Authenticity and Power. Novi Eboraci: Routledge. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/041538057X" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-415-38057-X</a>.</li> <li>Sugimoto, et al. <a href="/wiki/2003" title="2003">2003</a>. An Introduction to Japanese Society. Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/0521529255" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-521-52925-5</a>.</li> <li>Van Wolferen. <a href="/wiki/1990" title="1990">1990</a>. The Enigma of Japanese Power. Vintage. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/0679728023" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-679-72802-3</a>.</li> <li>Varley. <a href="/wiki/2000" title="2000">2000</a>. Japanese Culture. Honoluli: Prelum Universitatis Havaiorum. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/0824821521" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-8248-2152-1</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nexūs_externi">Nexūs externi</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&veaction=edit&section=45" title="Recensere partem: Nexūs externi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">recensere</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaponia&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section's source code: Nexūs externi">fontem recensere</a>]</div> <div> <table border="0" cellspacing="1"> <tbody><tr valign="middle"> <td><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Pagina_prima" class="extiw" title="commons:Pagina prima">Vicimedia Communia</a> plura habent quae ad <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Japan" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Japan">Iaponiam</a> spectant. </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div> <table border="0" cellspacing="1" style="background-color:transparent"> <tbody><tr valign="middle"> <td><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/20px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/40px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a> </td> <td align="left">Vide <a href="https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Descriptio_Regni_Iaponiae" class="extiw" title="s:Descriptio Regni Iaponiae">regni Iaponiae</a> apud <a href="/wiki/Vicifons" title="Vicifons">Vicifontem</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3854889">.mw-parser-output div.capsanav{margin:1.5em auto;border:1px solid #d2d4d8;font-size:95%;clear:both;border-radius:1em;background-color:rgba(0,32,255,.03);padding:.25em .8em;box-shadow:8px 8px 8px rgba(0,0,0,.2);text-align:center}.mw-parser-output div.capsanav div.capsanav-titulus{font-weight:bold;font-size:100%;background-color:rgba(13,0,186,.073);padding:.1em .75em;margin:0 -.55em;border-radius:1em}.mw-parser-output div.capsanav div.capsanav-contenta{padding:.5em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output div.capsanav table.capsanav-vas{width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output table.capsanav-vas td.capsanav-imago{text-align:right;vertical-align:middle;padding-left:7px;width:auto}.mw-parser-output div.capsanav table.capsanav-tabella,.mw-parser-output table.capsanav-vas td.capsanav-prima{width:100%}.mw-parser-output table.capsanav-tabella th{width:auto;white-space:nowrap;padding:.1em .45em .1em .25em;background-color:rgba(0,32,255,.073)}.mw-parser-output table.capsanav-tabella td{width:100%;padding:.1em .25em .1em .45em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output table.capsanav-tabella tr:first-of-type>th{border-radius:1em 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output table.capsanav-tabella tr:last-of-type>th{border-radius:0 0 1em 1em}</style><div class="NaFrame mw-collapsible capsanav mw-collapsed"> <div class="NaHead capsanav-titulus">Civitates et territoria <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asiae</a></div> <div class="NaContent mw-collapsible-content capsanav-contenta"> <table class="capsanav-tabella"><tbody><tr><th>Civitates</th><td> <a href="/wiki/Atropatene_(res_publica)" title="Atropatene (res publica)">Atropatene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Afgania" title="Afgania">Afgania</a> · <a href="/wiki/Arabia_Saudiana" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabia Saudiana">Arabia Saudiana</a> · <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Baharina" title="Baharina">Baharina</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bangladesa" title="Bangladesa">Bangladesa</a> · <a href="/wiki/Birmania" title="Birmania">Birmania</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bruneium" title="Bruneium">Bruneium</a> · <a href="/wiki/Butania" title="Butania">Butania</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cambosia" title="Cambosia">Cambosia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Chirgisia" class="mw-redirect" title="Chirgisia">Chirgisia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Res_publica_Coreana" title="Res publica Coreana">Corea meridiana</a> · <a href="/wiki/Res_publica_popularis_democratica_Coreana" title="Res publica popularis democratica Coreana">Corea septentrionalis</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cuvaitum" title="Cuvaitum">Cuvaitum</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a> · <a href="/wiki/Emiratus_Arabici_Coniuncti" title="Emiratus Arabici Coniuncti">Emiratus Arabici Coniuncti</a> · <a href="/wiki/Georgia" title="Georgia">Georgia</a> · <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Iaponia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Iemenia" title="Iemenia">Iemenia</a> · <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> · <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Iordania" title="Iordania">Iordania</a> · <a href="/wiki/Iracum" class="mw-redirect" title="Iracum">Iracum</a> · <a href="/wiki/Irania" title="Irania">Irania</a> · <a href="/wiki/Isra%C3%ABl" title="Israël">Israël</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kazachstania" title="Kazachstania">Kazachstania</a> · <a href="/wiki/Laotia" title="Laotia">Laotia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Libanus" title="Libanus">Libanus</a> · <a href="/wiki/Malaesia" title="Malaesia">Malaesia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Insulae_Maldivae" title="Insulae Maldivae">insulae Maldivae</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Nepalia" title="Nepalia">Nepalia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Omania" class="mw-redirect" title="Omania">Omania</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pakistania" title="Pakistania">Pakistania</a> · <a href="/wiki/Philippinae" title="Philippinae">Philippinae</a> · <a href="/wiki/Quataria" title="Quataria">Quataria</a> · <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Res_publica_popularis_Sinarum" title="Res publica popularis Sinarum">Sinae</a> · <a href="/wiki/Singapura" title="Singapura">Singapura</a> · <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tadzikistania" title="Tadzikistania">Tadzikistania</a> · <a href="/wiki/Taprobane" class="mw-redirect" title="Taprobane">Taprobane</a> · <a href="/wiki/Thailandia" title="Thailandia">Thailandia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Timora_Orientalis" title="Timora Orientalis">Timora Orientalis</a> · <a href="/wiki/Turcia" title="Turcia">Turcia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Turcomannia" title="Turcomannia">Turcomannia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Uzbecia" title="Uzbecia">Uzbecia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vietnamia" title="Vietnamia">Vietnamia</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Civitates statu dubio</th><td> <a href="/wiki/Abascia" title="Abascia">Abascia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Carabachia_Superior" title="Carabachia Superior">Carabachia Superior</a> · <a href="/wiki/Res_publica_Cypri_septentrionalis" title="Res publica Cypri septentrionalis">Cyprus septentrionalis</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ossetia_Meridionalis" title="Ossetia Meridionalis">Ossetia Meridionalis</a> · <a href="/wiki/Res_publica_Sinarum" title="Res publica Sinarum">Taivania</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Territoria obnoxia et statu dubio</th><td> <a href="/wiki/Acroterium_et_Decelea" title="Acroterium et Decelea">Acroterium et Decelea</a> · <a href="/wiki/Casmiria" title="Casmiria">Casmiria</a> · <a href="/wiki/Territoria_Palaestinensia" title="Territoria Palaestinensia">Territoria Palaestinensia</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div><a href="/wiki/Opus:Geopoliticum" class="mw-redirect" title="Opus:Geopoliticum">Opus geopoliticum</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nationes_mundi" title="Nationes mundi">Nationes mundi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a></div><div>Capsae cognatae: <a href="/wiki/Formula:Africa" title="Formula:Africa">Africa</a> • <a href="/wiki/Formula:America" title="Formula:America">America</a> • <a href="/wiki/Formula:Civitates_et_regiones_Europae" title="Formula:Civitates et regiones Europae">Europa</a> • <a href="/wiki/Formula:Oceania" title="Formula:Oceania">Oceania</a></div> </div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3854889" /><div class="NaFrame mw-collapsible capsanav mw-collapsed"> <div class="NaHead capsanav-titulus">Iaponia : politica</div> <div class="NaContent mw-collapsible-content capsanav-contenta"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3854889" /><div class="NaFrame mw-collapsible capsanav mw-collapsed"> <div class="NaHead capsanav-titulus">Imperatores Iaponiae (1868-)</div> <div class="NaContent mw-collapsible-content capsanav-contenta"> <table class="capsanav-vas"><tbody><tr><td></td><td class="capsanav-imago" rowspan="3"><div class="NaPic"><a href="/wiki/Iaponia" title="Iaponia"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/55px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/83px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/110px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="990" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><td class="capsanav-prima"> <a href="/wiki/Mutsuhito" title="Mutsuhito">Mutsuhito</a> (imperator Meiji) 1867 • <a href="/wiki/Yoshihito" title="Yoshihito">Yoshihito</a> (imperator Taishō) 1912 • <a href="/wiki/Hirohito" title="Hirohito">Hirohito</a> (imperator Shōwa) 1926 • <a href="/wiki/Akihitus" title="Akihitus">Akihito</a> (imperator Heisei) 1989 • <a href="/wiki/Naruhito" title="Naruhito">Naruhito</a> (imperator Reiwa) 2019 <a href="/wiki/Mutsuhito" title="Mutsuhito">明治天皇</a> • <a href="/wiki/Yoshihito" title="Yoshihito">大正天皇</a> • <a href="/wiki/Hirohito" title="Hirohito">昭和天皇</a> • <a href="/wiki/Akihitus" title="Akihitus">明仁</a> • <a href="/wiki/Naruhito" title="Naruhito">徳仁</a> <div><a href="/wiki/Opus:Geopoliticum" class="mw-redirect" title="Opus:Geopoliticum">Opus geopoliticum</a> • <a href="/wiki/Duces_civitatum_Asiaticarum_hodiernarum" title="Duces civitatum Asiaticarum hodiernarum">Duces civitatum Asiaticarum hodiernarum</a> • <a href="/wiki/Index_imperatorum_Iaponiae" title="Index imperatorum Iaponiae">Index imperatorum Iaponensium</a></div><div>Capsae cognatae: <a href="/wiki/Formula:Primi_ministri_Iaponiae" title="Formula:Primi ministri Iaponiae">Primi ministri Iaponiae</a></div></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3854889" /><div class="NaFrame mw-collapsible capsanav mw-collapsed"> <div class="NaHead capsanav-titulus">Primi ministri Iaponiae</div> <div class="NaContent mw-collapsible-content capsanav-contenta"> <table class="capsanav-vas"><tbody><tr><td></td><td class="capsanav-imago" rowspan="3"><div class="NaPic"><a href="/wiki/Iaponia" title="Iaponia"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/55px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/83px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/110px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="990" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><td class="capsanav-prima"> <a href="/wiki/It%C5%8D_Hirobumi" title="Itō Hirobumi">Itō Hirobumi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kuroda_Kiyotaka" title="Kuroda Kiyotaka">Kuroda Kiyotaka</a> • <a href="/wiki/Sanj%C5%8D_Sanetomi" title="Sanjō Sanetomi">Sanjō Sanetomi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Yamagata_Aritomo" title="Yamagata Aritomo">Yamagata Aritomo</a> • <a href="/wiki/Matsukata_Masayoshi" title="Matsukata Masayoshi">Matsukata Masayoshi</a> • <a href="/wiki/It%C5%8D_Hirobumi" title="Itō Hirobumi">Itō Hirobumi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kuroda_Kiyotaka" title="Kuroda Kiyotaka">Kuroda Kiyotaka</a> • <a href="/wiki/Matsukata_Masayoshi" title="Matsukata Masayoshi">Matsukata Masayoshi</a> • <a href="/wiki/It%C5%8D_Hirobumi" title="Itō Hirobumi">Itō Hirobumi</a> • <a href="/wiki/%C5%8Ckuma_Shigenobu" title="Ōkuma Shigenobu">Ōkuma Shigenobu</a> • <a href="/wiki/Yamagata_Aritomo" title="Yamagata Aritomo">Yamagata Aritomo</a> • <a href="/wiki/It%C5%8D_Hirobumi" title="Itō Hirobumi">Itō Hirobumi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Saionji_Kinmochi" title="Saionji Kinmochi">Saionji Kinmochi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Katsura_Tar%C5%8D" title="Katsura Tarō">Katsura Tarō</a> • <a href="/wiki/Saionji_Kinmochi" title="Saionji Kinmochi">Saionji Kinmochi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Katsura_Tar%C5%8D" title="Katsura Tarō">Katsura Tarō</a> • <a href="/wiki/Saionji_Kinmochi" title="Saionji Kinmochi">Saionji Kinmochi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Katsura_Tar%C5%8D" title="Katsura Tarō">Katsura Tarō</a> • <a href="/wiki/Yamamoto_Gonnohy%C5%8De" title="Yamamoto Gonnohyōe">Yamamoto Gonnohyōe</a> • <a href="/wiki/%C5%8Ckuma_Shigenobu" title="Ōkuma Shigenobu">Ōkuma</a> • <a href="/wiki/Terauchi_Masatake" title="Terauchi Masatake">Terauchi Masatake</a> • <a href="/wiki/Hara_Takashi" title="Hara Takashi">Hara Takashi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Uchida_Kosai" title="Uchida Kosai">Uchida Kosai</a> • <a href="/wiki/Takahashi_Korekiyo" title="Takahashi Korekiyo">Takahashi Korekiyo</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kat%C5%8D_Tomosabur%C5%8D" title="Katō Tomosaburō">Katō Tomosaburō</a> • <a href="/wiki/Uchida_Kosai" title="Uchida Kosai">Uchida Kosai</a> • <a href="/wiki/Yamamoto_Gonnohy%C5%8De" title="Yamamoto Gonnohyōe">Yamamoto Gonnohyōe</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kiyoura_Keigo" title="Kiyoura Keigo">Kiyoura Keigo</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kat%C5%8D_Takaaki" title="Katō Takaaki">Katō Takaaki</a> • <a href="/wiki/Wakatsuki_Reijir%C5%8D" title="Wakatsuki Reijirō">Wakatsuki Reijirō</a> • <a href="/wiki/Tanaka_Giichi" title="Tanaka Giichi">Tanaka Giichi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Osachi_Hamaguchi" title="Osachi Hamaguchi">Osachi Hamaguchi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kij%C5%ABr%C5%8D_Shidehara" title="Kijūrō Shidehara">Kijūrō Shidehara</a> • <a href="/wiki/Osachi_Hamaguchi" title="Osachi Hamaguchi">Osachi Hamaguchi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Wakatsuki_Reijir%C5%8D" title="Wakatsuki Reijirō">Wakatsuki Reijirō</a> • <a href="/wiki/Inukai_Tsuyoshi" title="Inukai Tsuyoshi">Inukai Tsuyoshi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Takahashi_Korekiyo" title="Takahashi Korekiyo">Takahashi Korekiyo</a> • <a href="/wiki/Sait%C5%8D_Makoto" title="Saitō Makoto">Saitō Makoto</a> • <a href="/wiki/Keisuke_Okada" title="Keisuke Okada">Keisuke Okada</a> • <a href="/wiki/Fumio_Got%C5%8D" title="Fumio Gotō">Fumio Gotō</a> • <a href="/wiki/Keisuke_Okada" title="Keisuke Okada">Keisuke Okada</a> • <a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dki_Hirota" title="Kōki Hirota">Kōki Hirota</a> • <a href="/wiki/Senj%C5%ABr%C5%8D_Hayashi" title="Senjūrō Hayashi">Senjūrō Hayashi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Fumimaro_Konoe" title="Fumimaro Konoe">Fumimaro Konoe</a> • <a href="/wiki/Hiranuma_Kiichir%C5%8D" title="Hiranuma Kiichirō">Hiranuma Kiichirō</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nobuyuki_Abe" title="Nobuyuki Abe">Nobuyuki Abe</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mitsumasa_Yonai" title="Mitsumasa Yonai">Mitsumasa Yonai</a> • <a href="/wiki/Fumimaro_Konoe" title="Fumimaro Konoe">Fumimaro Konoe</a> • <a href="/wiki/Hideki_T%C5%8Dj%C5%8D" title="Hideki Tōjō">Hideki Tōjō</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kuniaki_Koiso" title="Kuniaki Koiso">Kuniaki Koiso</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kantar%C5%8D_Suzuki" title="Kantarō Suzuki">Kantarō Suzuki</a> • <a href="/wiki/Princeps_Higashikuni_Naruhiko" class="mw-redirect" title="Princeps Higashikuni Naruhiko">Higashikuni</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kij%C5%ABr%C5%8D_Shidehara" title="Kijūrō Shidehara">Kijūrō Shidehara</a> • <a href="/wiki/Shigeru_Yoshida" title="Shigeru Yoshida">Shigeru Yoshida</a> • <a href="/wiki/Tetsu_Katayama" title="Tetsu Katayama">Tetsu Katayama</a> • <a href="/wiki/Hitoshi_Ashida" title="Hitoshi Ashida">Hitoshi Ashida</a> • <a href="/wiki/Shigeru_Yoshida" title="Shigeru Yoshida">Shigeru Yoshida</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ichir%C5%8D_Hatoyama" title="Ichirō Hatoyama">Ichirō Hatoyama</a> • <a href="/wiki/Tanzan_Ishibashi" title="Tanzan Ishibashi">Tanzan Ishibashi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nobusuke_Kishi" title="Nobusuke Kishi">Nobusuke Kishi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Hayato_Ikeda" title="Hayato Ikeda">Hayato Ikeda</a> • <a href="/wiki/Eisaku_Sat%C5%8D" title="Eisaku Satō">Eisaku Satō</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kakuei_Tanaka" title="Kakuei Tanaka">Kakuei Tanaka</a> • <a href="/wiki/Takeo_Miki" class="mw-redirect" title="Takeo Miki">Takeo Miki</a> • <a href="/wiki/Takeo_Fukuda" title="Takeo Fukuda">Takeo Fukuda</a> • <a href="/wiki/Masayoshi_%C5%8Chira" title="Masayoshi Ōhira">Masayoshi Ōhira</a> • <a href="/wiki/Masayoshi_Ito" title="Masayoshi Ito">Masayoshi Ito</a> • <a href="/wiki/Zenko_Suzuki" title="Zenko Suzuki">Zenko Suzuki</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yasuhiro_Nakasone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yasuhiro Nakasone (non est haec pagina)">Yasuhiro Nakasone</a> • <a href="/wiki/Noboru_Takeshita" title="Noboru Takeshita">Noboru Takeshita</a> • <a href="/wiki/S%C5%8Dsuke_Uno" title="Sōsuke Uno">Sōsuke Uno</a> • <a href="/wiki/Toshiki_Kaifu" title="Toshiki Kaifu">Toshiki Kaifu</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kiichi_Miyazawa" title="Kiichi Miyazawa">Kiichi Miyazawa</a> • <a href="/wiki/Morihiro_Hosokawa" title="Morihiro Hosokawa">Morihiro Hosokawa</a> • <a href="/wiki/Tsutomu_Hata" title="Tsutomu Hata">Tsutomu Hata</a> • <a href="/wiki/Tomiichi_Murayama" class="mw-redirect" title="Tomiichi Murayama">Tomiichi Murayama</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ryutaro_Hashimoto" class="mw-redirect" title="Ryutaro Hashimoto">Ryutaro Hashimoto</a> • <a href="/wiki/Keiz%C5%8D_Obuchi" class="mw-redirect" title="Keizō Obuchi">Keizō Obuchi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mikio_Aoki" class="mw-redirect" title="Mikio Aoki">Mikio Aoki</a> • <a href="/wiki/Yoshir%C5%8D_Mori" class="mw-redirect" title="Yoshirō Mori">Yoshirō Mori</a> • <a href="/wiki/Junichiro_Koizumi" class="mw-redirect" title="Junichiro Koizumi">Junichiro Koizumi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Shinz%C5%8D_Abe" class="mw-redirect" title="Shinzō Abe">Shinzō Abe</a> • <a href="/wiki/Yasuo_Fukuda" class="mw-redirect" title="Yasuo Fukuda">Yasuo Fukuda</a> • <a href="/wiki/Taro_Aso" class="mw-redirect" title="Taro Aso">Taro Aso</a> • <a href="/wiki/Yukio_Hatoyama" class="mw-redirect" title="Yukio Hatoyama">Yukio Hatoyama</a> • <a href="/wiki/Naoto_Kan" class="mw-redirect" title="Naoto Kan">Naoto Kan</a> • <a href="/wiki/Noda_Yoshihiko" class="mw-redirect" title="Noda Yoshihiko">Noda Yoshihiko</a> • <a href="/wiki/Shinz%C5%8D_Abe" class="mw-redirect" title="Shinzō Abe">Shinzō Abe</a> • <a href="/wiki/Yoshihide_Suga" title="Yoshihide Suga">Yoshihide Suga</a> • <a href="/wiki/Fumio_Kishida" title="Fumio Kishida">Fumio Kishida</a> <div><a href="/wiki/Opus:Geopoliticum" class="mw-redirect" title="Opus:Geopoliticum">Opus geopoliticum</a> • <a href="/wiki/Gubernatores_civitatum_Asiaticarum_hodiernarum" title="Gubernatores civitatum Asiaticarum hodiernarum">Gubernatores civitatum Asiaticarum hodiernarum</a></div><div>Capsae cognatae: <a href="/wiki/Formula:Imperatores_Iaponiae" title="Formula:Imperatores Iaponiae">Imperatores Iaponiae</a> • <a href="/wiki/Formula:Ministri_munitionis_Iaponici" title="Formula:Ministri munitionis Iaponici">Ministri munitionis Iaponici</a> • <a href="/wiki/Formula:Ministri_rerum_externarum_Iaponici" title="Formula:Ministri rerum externarum Iaponici">Ministri rerum externarum Iaponici</a></div></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3854889" /><div class="NaFrame mw-collapsible capsanav mw-collapsed"> <div class="NaHead capsanav-titulus">Ministri rerum externarum Iaponici (2001–)</div> <div class="NaContent mw-collapsible-content capsanav-contenta"> <table class="capsanav-vas"><tbody><tr><td></td><td class="capsanav-imago" rowspan="3"><div class="NaPic"><a href="/wiki/Iaponia" title="Iaponia"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/55px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/83px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/110px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="990" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><td class="capsanav-prima"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Makiko_Tanaka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Makiko Tanaka (non est haec pagina)">Makiko Tanaka</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoriko_Kawaguchi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yoriko Kawaguchi (non est haec pagina)">Yoriko Kawaguchi</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nobutaka_Machimura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nobutaka Machimura (non est haec pagina)">Nobutaka Machimura</a> • <a href="/wiki/Tar%C5%8D_As%C5%8D" title="Tarō Asō">Tarō Asō</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nobutaka_Machimura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nobutaka Machimura (non est haec pagina)">Nobutaka Machimura</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Masahiko_K%C5%8Dmura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Masahiko Kōmura (non est haec pagina)">Masahiko Kōmura</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hirofumi_Nakasone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hirofumi Nakasone (non est haec pagina)">Hirofumi Nakasone</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Katsuya_Okada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katsuya Okada (non est haec pagina)">Katsuya Okada</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Seiji_Maehara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seiji Maehara (non est haec pagina)">Seiji Maehara</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Takeaki_Matsumoto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Takeaki Matsumoto (non est haec pagina)">Takeaki Matsumoto</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C5%8Dichir%C5%8D_Genba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kōichirō Genba (non est haec pagina)">Kōichirō Genba</a> • <a href="/wiki/Fumio_Kishida" title="Fumio Kishida">Fumio Kishida</a> • <a href="/wiki/Tar%C5%8D_K%C5%8Dno" title="Tarō Kōno">Tarō Kōno</a> • <a href="/wiki/Toshimitsu_Motegi" title="Toshimitsu Motegi">Toshimitsu Motegi</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoshimasa_Hayashi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yoshimasa Hayashi (non est haec pagina)">Yoshimasa Hayashi</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Y%C5%8Dko_Kamikawa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yōko Kamikawa (non est haec pagina)">Yōko Kamikawa</a> <div><a href="/wiki/Opus:Geopoliticum" class="mw-redirect" title="Opus:Geopoliticum">Opus geopoliticum</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ministri_a_rebus_externis_civitatum_Asiaticarum_hodiernarum" title="Ministri a rebus externis civitatum Asiaticarum hodiernarum">Ministri a rebus externis civitatum Asiaticarum hodiernarum</a></div><div>Capsae cognatae: <a href="/wiki/Formula:Primi_ministri_Iaponiae" title="Formula:Primi ministri Iaponiae">Primi ministri Iaponiae</a></div></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div> </div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3854889" /><div class="NaFrame mw-collapsible capsanav mw-collapsed"> <div class="NaHead capsanav-titulus">Iaponia : geographica</div> <div class="NaContent mw-collapsible-content capsanav-contenta"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3854889" /><div class="NaFrame mw-collapsible capsanav mw-collapsed"> <div class="NaHead capsanav-titulus">Praefecturae Iaponiae</div> <div class="NaContent mw-collapsible-content capsanav-contenta"> <table class="capsanav-vas"><tbody><tr><td></td><td class="capsanav-imago" rowspan="3"><div class="NaPic"><a href="/wiki/Iaponia" title="Iaponia"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/55px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/83px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/110px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="990" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><td class="capsanav-prima"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aichiensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aichiensis (non est haec pagina)">Aichiensis</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Akita%C3%ABnsis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akitaënsis (non est haec pagina)">Akitaënsis</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aomoriensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aomoriensis (non est haec pagina)">Aomoriensis</a> • <a href="/wiki/Chiba%C3%ABnsis" title="Chibaënsis">Chibaënsis</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ehimensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ehimensis (non est haec pagina)">Ehimensis</a> • <a href="/wiki/Esonia" title="Esonia">Esonia</a> (Hokkaidō) • <a href="/wiki/Fukuiensis" title="Fukuiensis">Fukuiensis</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fukuoka%C3%ABnsis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fukuokaënsis (non est haec pagina)">Fukuokaënsis</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fukushima%C3%ABnsis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fukushimaënsis (non est haec pagina)">Fukushimaënsis</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gifuensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gifuensis (non est haec pagina)">Gifuensis</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gunma%C3%ABnsis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gunmaënsis (non est haec pagina)">Gunmaënsis</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiroshima%C3%ABnsis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hiroshimaënsis (non est haec pagina)">Hiroshimaënsis</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyogo%C3%ABnsis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hyogoënsis (non est haec pagina)">Hyogoënsis</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibarakiensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibarakiensis (non est haec pagina)">Ibarakiensis</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ishikawa%C3%ABnsis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ishikawaënsis (non est haec pagina)">Ishikawaënsis</a> • <a href="/wiki/Iwateensis" title="Iwateensis">Iwateensis</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaga%C3%ABnsis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kagaënsis (non est haec pagina)">Kagaënsis</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kagoshima%C3%ABnsis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kagoshimaënsis (non est haec pagina)">Kagoshimaënsis</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kanagawa%C3%ABnsis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kanagawaënsis (non est haec pagina)">Kanagawaënsis</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kochiensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kochiensis (non est haec pagina)">Kochiensis</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumamoto%C3%ABnsis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kumamotoënsis (non est haec pagina)">Kumamotoënsis</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kyotensis" title="Kyotensis">Kyotensis</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mieensis" title="Mieensis">Mieensis</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Miyagiensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Miyagiensis (non est haec pagina)">Miyagiensis</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Miyazakiensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Miyazakiensis (non est haec pagina)">Miyazakiensis</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nagano%C3%ABnsis" title="Naganoënsis">Naganoënsis</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nagasakiensis" title="Nagasakiensis">Nagasakiensis</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nara%C3%ABnsis" title="Naraënsis">Naraënsis</a> • <a href="/wiki/Niigata%C3%ABnsis" title="Niigataënsis">Niigataënsis</a> • <a href="/wiki/Oita%C3%ABnsis" title="Oitaënsis">Oitaënsis</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Okayama%C3%ABnsis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Okayamaënsis (non est haec pagina)">Okayamaënsis</a> • <a href="/wiki/Okinawa%C3%ABnsis" title="Okinawaënsis">Okinawaënsis</a> • <a href="/wiki/Osakensis" title="Osakensis">Osakensis</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saga%C3%ABnsis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sagaënsis (non est haec pagina)">Sagaënsis</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saitama%C3%ABnsis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saitamaënsis (non est haec pagina)">Saitamaënsis</a> • <a href="/wiki/Shiga%C3%ABnsis" title="Shigaënsis">Shigaënsis</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shimanensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shimanensis (non est haec pagina)">Shimanensis</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shizuoka%C3%ABnsis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shizuokaënsis (non est haec pagina)">Shizuokaënsis</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tochigiensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tochigiensis (non est haec pagina)">Tochigiensis</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tokushima%C3%ABnsis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tokushimaënsis (non est haec pagina)">Tokushimaënsis</a> • <a href="/wiki/Tokium" title="Tokium">Tokium</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tottoriensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tottoriensis (non est haec pagina)">Tottoriensis</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Toyama%C3%ABnsis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Toyamaënsis (non est haec pagina)">Toyamaënsis</a> • <a href="/wiki/Wakayama%C3%ABnsis" title="Wakayamaënsis">Wakayamaënsis</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamagata%C3%ABnsis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yamagataënsis (non est haec pagina)">Yamagataënsis</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamaguchiensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yamaguchiensis (non est haec pagina)">Yamaguchiensis</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamanashiensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yamanashiensis (non est haec pagina)">Yamanashiensis</a> <div><a href="/wiki/Opus:Geopoliticum" class="mw-redirect" title="Opus:Geopoliticum">Opus geopoliticum</a></div></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div> </div> </div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Receptum de "<a dir="ltr" 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