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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Democratic_Party" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Democratic_Party"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Democratic Party</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Democratic_Party-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Republican_Party" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Republican_Party"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Republican Party</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Republican_Party-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-General_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>General election</span> </div> </a> <button 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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Results"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Results</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Results-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Records" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Records"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Records</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Records-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography_of_results" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography_of_results"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Geography of results</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geography_of_results-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cartographic_gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cartographic_gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5.1</span> <span>Cartographic gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cartographic_gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Results_by_state" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Results_by_state"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Results by state</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Results_by_state-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-States_that_flipped_from_Democratic_to_Republican" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#States_that_flipped_from_Democratic_to_Republican"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.1</span> <span>States that flipped from Democratic to Republican</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-States_that_flipped_from_Democratic_to_Republican-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Close_states" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Close_states"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.2</span> <span>Close states</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Close_states-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Statistics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Statistics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.3</span> <span>Statistics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Statistics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign_interference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_interference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Foreign interference</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_interference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Works_cited" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works_cited"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Works cited</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Works_cited-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Further reading subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Primary_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Primary_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Primary sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Primary_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">1940 United States presidential election</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A6%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9_1940" title="انتخابات الرئاسة الأمريكية 1940 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="انتخابات الرئاسة الأمريكية 1940" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A6sidentvalget_i_USA_1940" title="Præsidentvalget i USA 1940 – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Præsidentvalget i USA 1940" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A4sidentschaftswahl_in_den_Vereinigten_Staaten_1940" title="Präsidentschaftswahl in den Vereinigten Staaten 1940 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Präsidentschaftswahl in den Vereinigten Staaten 1940" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elecciones_presidenciales_de_Estados_Unidos_de_1940" title="Elecciones presidenciales de Estados Unidos de 1940 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Elecciones presidenciales de Estados Unidos de 1940" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7_(%DB%B1%DB%B9%DB%B4%DB%B0)" title="انتخابات ریاست‌جمهوری ایالات متحده آمریکا (۱۹۴۰) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="انتخابات ریاست‌جمهوری ایالات متحده آمریکا (۱۹۴۰)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89lection_pr%C3%A9sidentielle_am%C3%A9ricaine_de_1940" title="Élection présidentielle américaine de 1940 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Élection présidentielle américaine de 1940" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/1940%EB%85%84_%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD_%EB%8C%80%ED%86%B5%EB%A0%B9_%EC%84%A0%EA%B1%B0" title="1940년 미국 대통령 선거 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="1940년 미국 대통령 선거" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pemilihan_umum_Presiden_Amerika_Serikat_1940" title="Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat 1940 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat 1940" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forsetakosningar_%C3%AD_Bandar%C3%ADkjunum_1940" title="Forsetakosningar í Bandaríkjunum 1940 – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Forsetakosningar í Bandaríkjunum 1940" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elezioni_presidenziali_negli_Stati_Uniti_d%27America_del_1940" title="Elezioni presidenziali negli Stati Uniti d'America del 1940 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Elezioni presidenziali negli Stati Uniti d'America del 1940" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%91%D7%97%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%90%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA_1940" title="הבחירות לנשיאות ארצות הברית 1940 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הבחירות לנשיאות ארצות הברית 1940" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uchaguzi_wa_Rais_wa_Marekani,_1940" title="Uchaguzi wa Rais wa Marekani, 1940 – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Uchaguzi wa Rais wa Marekani, 1940" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1940._gada_ASV_prezidenta_v%C4%93l%C4%93%C5%A1anas" title="1940. gada ASV prezidenta vēlēšanas – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="1940. gada ASV prezidenta vēlēšanas" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerikaanse_presidentsverkiezingen_1940" title="Amerikaanse presidentsverkiezingen 1940 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Amerikaanse presidentsverkiezingen 1940" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/1940%E5%B9%B4%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E5%90%88%E8%A1%86%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E7%B5%B1%E9%A0%98%E9%81%B8%E6%8C%99" title="1940年アメリカ合衆国大統領選挙 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="1940年アメリカ合衆国大統領選挙" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidentvalget_i_USA_1940" title="Presidentvalget i USA 1940 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Presidentvalget i USA 1940" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wybory_prezydenckie_w_Stanach_Zjednoczonych_w_1940_roku" title="Wybory prezydenckie w Stanach Zjednoczonych w 1940 roku – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wybory prezydenckie w Stanach Zjednoczonych w 1940 roku" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elei%C3%A7%C3%A3o_presidencial_nos_Estados_Unidos_em_1940" title="Eleição presidencial nos Estados Unidos em 1940 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Eleição presidencial nos Estados Unidos em 1940" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90_(1940)" title="Президентские выборы в США (1940) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Президентские выборы в США (1940)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election" title="1940 United States presidential election – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="1940 United States presidential election" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%DB%95%DA%B5%D8%A8%DA%98%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%B3%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%86%DA%A9%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%95_%DB%8C%DB%95%DA%A9%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%88%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7_(%D9%A1%D9%A9%D9%A4%D9%A0)" title="ھەڵبژاردنی سەرۆکایەتیی ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکانی ئەمریکا (١٩٤٠) – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھەڵبژاردنی سەرۆکایەتیی ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکانی ئەمریکا (١٩٤٠)" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8_%D1%83_%D0%A1%D0%90%D0%94_1940." title="Председнички избори у САД 1940. – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Председнички избори у САД 1940." data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yhdysvaltain_presidentinvaalit_1940" title="Yhdysvaltain presidentinvaalit 1940 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Yhdysvaltain presidentinvaalit 1940" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidentvalet_i_USA_1940" title="Presidentvalet i USA 1940 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Presidentvalet i USA 1940" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a 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.infobox-header{font-weight:normal}@media(max-width:640px){body.skin--responsive:not(.skin-monobook):not(.skin-timeless) .mw-parser-output .ib-election .notpageimage.noresize img{height:80px!important;width:auto!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ib-election .mw-file-description img{background-color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ib-election .mw-file-description img{background-color:#f8f9fa}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1152813436">.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap}</style><table class="infobox ib-election infobox-table vevent" style="width:350px"><caption class="infobox-title summary">1940 United States presidential election</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/50px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/75px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span></span><hr /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><table style="width:100%; margin:1px; display:inline-table;"><tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; vertical-align:middle; padding:0 0.5em 0 0;width:20%;" class="noprint">← <a href="/wiki/1936_United_States_presidential_election" title="1936 United States presidential election">1936</a></td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 1px;width:60%;" class=""><b>November 5, 1940</b></td> <td style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 0 0 0.5em;width:20%;" class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/1944_United_States_presidential_election" title="1944 United States presidential election">1944</a> →</td> </tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><hr />531 members of the <a href="/wiki/Electoral_College_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Electoral College (United States)">Electoral College</a><br />266 electoral votes needed to win</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Turnout</th><td class="infobox-data">62.5%<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1.5 <a href="/wiki/Percentage_point" title="Percentage point">pp</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="background:transparent; color: inherit; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td>  </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #3333FF;"><span class="mw-default-size notpageimage noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FDRoosevelt1938.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/FDRoosevelt1938.jpg/159px-FDRoosevelt1938.jpg" decoding="async" width="159" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/FDRoosevelt1938.jpg/239px-FDRoosevelt1938.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/FDRoosevelt1938.jpg/319px-FDRoosevelt1938.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="940" /></a></span> </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #E81B23;"><span class="mw-default-size notpageimage noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:WendellWillkie.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/WendellWillkie.jpg/148px-WendellWillkie.jpg" decoding="async" width="148" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/WendellWillkie.jpg/222px-WendellWillkie.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/WendellWillkie.jpg/296px-WendellWillkie.jpg 2x" data-file-width="738" data-file-height="997" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:75px;text-align:left">Nominee </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a></b> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Wendell_Willkie" title="Wendell Willkie">Wendell Willkie</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center"> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:75px;text-align:left">Party </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Home state </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a><sup id="cite_ref-FedRegEC1940_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FedRegEC1940-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Running mate </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b><a href="/wiki/Henry_A._Wallace" title="Henry A. Wallace">Henry A. Wallace</a></b> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Charles_L._McNary" title="Charles L. McNary">Charles L. McNary</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Electoral vote </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b>449</b> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">82 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">States carried </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b>38</b> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">10 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Popular vote </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b>27,313,945</b> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">22,347,744 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Percentage </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b><span data-sort-value="7001547350469908959♠" style="display:none"></span>54.7%</b> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><span data-sort-value="7001447831617871571♠" style="display:none"></span>44.8% </td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr /><figure class="mw-halign-center noresize 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coords="283,36,279,38,277,38,275,39,272,43,271,45,269,46,269,47,271,47,271,48,270,48,270,49,271,49,271,50,270,51,269,51,269,52,268,53,266,54,265,55,263,55,263,54,260,54,256,56,256,56,256,56,257,57,257,58,258,59,258,60,257,60,257,61,254,63,254,65,278,60,279,61,280,61,280,62,280,63,281,64,282,64,284,65,287,66,288,66,288,70,290,69,292,68,295,66,297,64,296,64,295,65,292,66,291,66,290,66,289,68,288,68,288,68,288,67,288,66,288,66,288,65,288,65,288,62,287,57,287,51,286,48,286,47,285,47,285,46,285,46,285,45,284,44,284,42,284,40" alt="1940 United States presidential election in New York" title="1940 United States presidential election in New York" /><area href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Connecticut" shape="poly" coords="296,57,294,57,288,58,288,60,289,61,289,66,292,63,294,63,296,62,297,61,297,59" alt="1940 United States presidential election in Connecticut" title="1940 United States presidential election in Connecticut" /><area 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coords="288,58,288,53,292,52,299,50,299,50,300,49,300,49,301,50,301,51,300,51,300,53,301,54,301,53,302,53,304,56,306,56,307,56,307,55,307,54,305,54,305,54,306,54,307,54,308,56,308,56,307,56,306,57,305,57,304,58,304,58,304,59,305,59,305,59,308,59,308,59,308,59,308,59,308,59,308,59,306,59,305,59,304,59,304,60,304,60,304,59,304,59,303,59,303,59,304,58,304,57,303,57,302,57,302,59,302,59,301,57,299,55,293,57" alt="1940 United States presidential election in Massachusetts" title="1940 United States presidential election in Massachusetts" /><area href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Maryland" shape="rect" coords="301,98,326,104" alt="1940 United States presidential election in Maryland" title="1940 United States presidential election in Maryland" /><area href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Delaware" shape="rect" coords="304,90,324,97" alt="1940 United States presidential election in Delaware" title="1940 United States presidential election in Delaware" /><area href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Jersey" shape="rect" coords="307,83,331,89" alt="1940 United States presidential election in New Jersey" title="1940 United States presidential election in New Jersey" /><area href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Connecticut" shape="rect" coords="313,72,333,78" alt="1940 United States presidential election in Connecticut" title="1940 United States presidential election in Connecticut" /><area href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Rhode_Island" shape="rect" coords="316,62,334,68" alt="1940 United States presidential election in Rhode Island" title="1940 United States presidential election in Rhode Island" /><area href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" shape="rect" coords="316,50,345,56" alt="1940 United States presidential election in Massachusetts" title="1940 United States presidential election in Massachusetts" /><area href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Vermont" shape="rect" coords="269,21,290,28" alt="1940 United States presidential election in Vermont" title="1940 United States presidential election in Vermont" /><area href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Hampshire" shape="rect" coords="273,14,296,20" alt="1940 United States presidential election in New Hampshire" title="1940 United States presidential election in New Hampshire" /></map><figcaption></figcaption></figure><div>Presidential election results map. <span style="color:blue;">Blue</span> denotes those won by Roosevelt/Wallace, <span style="color:red;">red</span> denotes states won by Willkie/McNary. Numbers indicate the number of electoral votes allotted to each state.</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr /> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="background:transparent; color: inherit; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:50%; text-align:left;"><b>President before election</b><br /> <p><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </p> </td> <td style="width:50%; text-align:right;"><b>Elected President</b> <br /> <p><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election" title="United States presidential election">Presidential elections</a> were held in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> on November 5, 1940. Incumbent <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="History of the Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> President <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> defeated <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="History of the Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> businessman <a href="/wiki/Wendell_Willkie" title="Wendell Willkie">Wendell Willkie</a> to be reelected for an unprecedented third term in office. Until <a href="/wiki/1988_United_States_presidential_election" title="1988 United States presidential election">1988</a>, this was the last time in which the incumbent's party won three consecutive presidential elections. It was also the fourth presidential election in which both major party candidates were registered in the same home state; the others have been in <a href="/wiki/1860_United_States_presidential_election" title="1860 United States presidential election">1860</a>, <a href="/wiki/1904_United_States_presidential_election" title="1904 United States presidential election">1904</a>, <a href="/wiki/1920_United_States_presidential_election" title="1920 United States presidential election">1920</a>, <a href="/wiki/1944_United_States_presidential_election" title="1944 United States presidential election">1944</a>, and <a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">2016</a>. </p><p>The election was contested in the shadow of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> in Europe, as the United States was finally emerging from the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression_in_the_United_States" title="Great Depression in the United States">Great Depression</a>. Roosevelt did not want to campaign for a third term initially, but was driven by worsening conditions in Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He and his allies sought to defuse challenges from other party leaders such as <a href="/wiki/James_Farley" title="James Farley">James Farley</a> and Vice President <a href="/wiki/John_Nance_Garner" title="John Nance Garner">John Nance Garner</a>. The <a href="/wiki/1940_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1940 Democratic National Convention">1940 Democratic National Convention</a> re-nominated Roosevelt on the first ballot, while Garner was replaced on the ticket by Secretary of Agriculture <a href="/wiki/Henry_A._Wallace" title="Henry A. Wallace">Henry A. Wallace</a>. Willkie, a <a href="/wiki/Dark_horse" title="Dark horse">dark horse</a> candidate, unexpectedly defeated <a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Conservatism in the United States">conservative</a> Senator <a href="/wiki/Robert_A._Taft" title="Robert A. Taft">Robert A. Taft</a> and <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_District_Attorney" class="mw-redirect" title="Manhattan District Attorney">Manhattan District Attorney</a> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_E._Dewey" title="Thomas E. Dewey">Thomas E. Dewey</a> on the sixth presidential ballot of the <a href="/wiki/1940_Republican_National_Convention" title="1940 Republican National Convention">1940 Republican National Convention</a>. </p><p>Roosevelt, acutely aware of strong <a href="/wiki/Isolationism" title="Isolationism">isolationist</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_States_non-interventionism" title="United States non-interventionism">non-interventionist</a> sentiment, promised there would be no involvement in foreign wars if he were reelected.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Willkie, who had not previously run for public office, conducted an energetic campaign, managing to revive Republican strength in areas of the <a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">Midwest</a> and <a href="/wiki/Northeastern_United_States" title="Northeastern United States">Northeast</a>. He criticized perceived incompetence and waste in the <a href="/wiki/New_Deal" title="New Deal">New Deal</a>, warned of the dangers of breaking the two-term tradition, and accused Roosevelt of secretly planning to take the country into World War II. However, Willkie's association with <a href="/wiki/Big_business" title="Big business">big business</a> damaged his cause, as many <a href="/wiki/Working_class_in_the_United_States" title="Working class in the United States">working class</a> voters blamed corporations and business leaders for the Great Depression. Roosevelt led in all pre-election polls and won a comfortable victory; his margins, though still significant, were less decisive than they had been in <a href="/wiki/1932_United_States_presidential_election" title="1932 United States presidential election">1932</a> and <a href="/wiki/1936_United_States_presidential_election" title="1936 United States presidential election">1936</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nominations">Nominations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1940_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Nominations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Democratic_Party">Democratic Party</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1940_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Democratic Party"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/1940_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1940 Democratic Party presidential primaries">1940 Democratic Party presidential primaries</a> and <a href="/wiki/1940_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1940 Democratic National Convention">1940 Democratic National Convention</a></div> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background:#f1f1f1;" colspan="30"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)"><img alt="Democratic Party (United States)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Democratic_Disc.svg/65px-Democratic_Disc.svg.png" decoding="async" width="65" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Democratic_Disc.svg/98px-Democratic_Disc.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Democratic_Disc.svg/130px-Democratic_Disc.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Democratic Party (United States)</figcaption></figure><big><b>1940 Democratic Party ticket </b></big> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:3em; font-size:135%; background:#3333FF; width:200px;"><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Franklin D. Roosevelt</span></a> </th> <th style="width:3em; font-size:135%; background:#3333FF; width:200px;"><a href="/wiki/Henry_A._Wallace" title="Henry A. Wallace"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Henry A. Wallace</span></a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width:3em; font-size:100%; color:#000; background:#C8EBFF; width:200px;"><i><b>for President</b></i> </td> <td style="width:3em; font-size:100%; color:#000; background:#C8EBFF; width:200px;"><i><b>for Vice President</b></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FDRoosevelt1938.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/FDRoosevelt1938.jpg/159px-FDRoosevelt1938.jpg" decoding="async" width="159" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/FDRoosevelt1938.jpg/239px-FDRoosevelt1938.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/FDRoosevelt1938.jpg/319px-FDRoosevelt1938.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="940" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Henry-A.-Wallace-Townsend_(cropped_3x4).jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Henry-A.-Wallace-Townsend_%28cropped_3x4%29.jpeg/150px-Henry-A.-Wallace-Townsend_%28cropped_3x4%29.jpeg" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Henry-A.-Wallace-Townsend_%28cropped_3x4%29.jpeg/225px-Henry-A.-Wallace-Townsend_%28cropped_3x4%29.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Henry-A.-Wallace-Townsend_%28cropped_3x4%29.jpeg/300px-Henry-A.-Wallace-Townsend_%28cropped_3x4%29.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="818" data-file-height="1090" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">32nd</a><br /><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a><br /><small>(1933–1945)</small> </td> <td>11th<br /><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Agriculture" title="United States Secretary of Agriculture">U.S. Secretary of Agriculture</a><br /><small>(1933–1940)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt#Election_of_1940" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt"><b>Campaign</b></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><small><b>3,250,555 votes</b><br /><b>707.5 <abbr title="Pledged Delegates">PD</abbr></b></small> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="font-size:90%;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="12" style="text-align:center; width:700px; font-size:120%; color:white; background:#3333FF;"><i>In order of delegates and votes won</i> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center"> <th scope="col" style="width:10em; font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:10em; font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/John_Nance_Garner" title="John Nance Garner">John Nance Garner</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:10em; font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Sawyer" title="Charles W. Sawyer">Charles W. Sawyer</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:10em; font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/James_Farley" title="James Farley">James Farley</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:10em; font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/William_B._Bankhead" title="William B. Bankhead">William B. Bankhead</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:10em; font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/O._John_Rogge" title="O. John Rogge">O. John Rogge</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:10em; font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/Millard_Tydings" title="Millard Tydings">Millard Tydings</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:10em; font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/Burton_K._Wheeler" title="Burton K. Wheeler">Burton K. Wheeler</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:10em; font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_C._O%27Mahoney" title="Joseph C. O'Mahoney">Joseph C. O'Mahoney</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:10em; font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/Ellis_E._Patterson" title="Ellis E. Patterson">Ellis E. Patterson</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:10em; font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/Cordell_Hull" title="Cordell Hull">Cordell Hull</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:10em; font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/Paul_V._McNutt" title="Paul V. McNutt">Paul V. McNutt</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center"> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FDRoosevelt1938.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/FDRoosevelt1938.jpg/96px-FDRoosevelt1938.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/FDRoosevelt1938.jpg/144px-FDRoosevelt1938.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/FDRoosevelt1938.jpg/191px-FDRoosevelt1938.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="940" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:JohnNanceGarner.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/JohnNanceGarner.png/104px-JohnNanceGarner.png" decoding="async" width="104" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/JohnNanceGarner.png/156px-JohnNanceGarner.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/JohnNanceGarner.png/208px-JohnNanceGarner.png 2x" data-file-width="396" data-file-height="456" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CharlesSawyer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/CharlesSawyer.jpg/90px-CharlesSawyer.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/CharlesSawyer.jpg/134px-CharlesSawyer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/CharlesSawyer.jpg/179px-CharlesSawyer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="538" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:JamesFarleyProfile.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/JamesFarleyProfile.jpg/91px-JamesFarleyProfile.jpg" decoding="async" width="91" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/JamesFarleyProfile.jpg/137px-JamesFarleyProfile.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/JamesFarleyProfile.jpg/182px-JamesFarleyProfile.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1421" data-file-height="1870" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Speaker_Wm._Bankhead,_Sen._Barkley_and_Rep._Rayburn_at_White_House_conference_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Speaker_Wm._Bankhead%2C_Sen._Barkley_and_Rep._Rayburn_at_White_House_conference_%28cropped%29.jpg/86px-Speaker_Wm._Bankhead%2C_Sen._Barkley_and_Rep._Rayburn_at_White_House_conference_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="86" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Speaker_Wm._Bankhead%2C_Sen._Barkley_and_Rep._Rayburn_at_White_House_conference_%28cropped%29.jpg/129px-Speaker_Wm._Bankhead%2C_Sen._Barkley_and_Rep._Rayburn_at_White_House_conference_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Speaker_Wm._Bankhead%2C_Sen._Barkley_and_Rep._Rayburn_at_White_House_conference_%28cropped%29.jpg/172px-Speaker_Wm._Bankhead%2C_Sen._Barkley_and_Rep._Rayburn_at_White_House_conference_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="292" data-file-height="408" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:O_John_Rogge_1939.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/O_John_Rogge_1939.jpg/101px-O_John_Rogge_1939.jpg" decoding="async" width="101" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/O_John_Rogge_1939.jpg/152px-O_John_Rogge_1939.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/O_John_Rogge_1939.jpg/202px-O_John_Rogge_1939.jpg 2x" data-file-width="736" data-file-height="872" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Millardetydings.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Millardetydings.jpg/79px-Millardetydings.jpg" decoding="async" width="79" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Millardetydings.jpg/118px-Millardetydings.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Millardetydings.jpg 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="228" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Senator_Burton_Kendall_Wheeler.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Senator_Burton_Kendall_Wheeler.jpg/84px-Senator_Burton_Kendall_Wheeler.jpg" decoding="async" width="84" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Senator_Burton_Kendall_Wheeler.jpg/126px-Senator_Burton_Kendall_Wheeler.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/Senator_Burton_Kendall_Wheeler.jpg 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="225" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:JosephCOMahoney.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/JosephCOMahoney.jpg/76px-JosephCOMahoney.jpg" decoding="async" width="76" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/JosephCOMahoney.jpg/114px-JosephCOMahoney.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/JosephCOMahoney.jpg/153px-JosephCOMahoney.jpg 2x" data-file-width="397" data-file-height="624" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ellis_E._Patterson.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Ellis_E._Patterson.jpg/85px-Ellis_E._Patterson.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Ellis_E._Patterson.jpg/128px-Ellis_E._Patterson.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Ellis_E._Patterson.jpg/171px-Ellis_E._Patterson.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2135" data-file-height="2998" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hull-Cordell-LOC.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Hull-Cordell-LOC.jpg/81px-Hull-Cordell-LOC.jpg" decoding="async" width="81" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Hull-Cordell-LOC.jpg/122px-Hull-Cordell-LOC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Hull-Cordell-LOC.jpg/163px-Hull-Cordell-LOC.jpg 2x" data-file-width="972" data-file-height="1429" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Paul_V_McNutt_Oct_1941.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Paul_V_McNutt_Oct_1941.jpg/95px-Paul_V_McNutt_Oct_1941.jpg" decoding="async" width="95" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Paul_V_McNutt_Oct_1941.jpg/143px-Paul_V_McNutt_Oct_1941.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Paul_V_McNutt_Oct_1941.jpg/190px-Paul_V_McNutt_Oct_1941.jpg 2x" data-file-width="235" data-file-height="296" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center"> <td><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">U.S. President</a><br /> from <a href="/wiki/New_York_(State)" class="mw-redirect" title="New York (State)">New York</a><br /> <small>(1933–1945)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">U.S. Vice President</a><br /> from <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a><br /> <small>(1933–1941)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Ohio" title="Lieutenant Governor of Ohio">Lt. Governor</a><br /> of <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a><br /> <small>(1933–1935)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Postmaster_General" title="United States Postmaster General">U.S. Postmaster General</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a><br /><small>(1933–1940)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">U.S. House Speaker</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a><br /><small>(1936–1940)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Assistant_Attorney_General" title="United States Assistant Attorney General">U.S. Assistant Attorney General</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a><br /><small>(1939–1940)</small> </td> <td>U.S. Senator<br />from <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a><br /><small>(1927–1951)</small> </td> <td>U.S. Senator<br />from <a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a><br /><small>(1923–1947)</small> </td> <td>U.S. Senator<br />from <a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a><br /><small>(1934–1953)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_California" title="Lieutenant Governor of California">Lt. Governor</a><br />of <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a><br /><small>(1939–1943)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/US_Secretary_of_State" class="mw-redirect" title="US Secretary of State">U.S. Secretary of State</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a><br /><small>(1933–1944)</small> </td> <td>Administrator of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Security_Agency" title="Federal Security Agency">Federal Security Agency</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a><br /><small>(1934–1945)</small> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center"> <td><small><b>3,214,555 votes</b><br /><b>691.5 <abbr title="Pledged Delegates">PD</abbr></b></small> </td> <td><small><b>426,641 votes</b><br /><b>69.5 <abbr title="Pledged Delegates">PD</abbr></b></small> </td> <td><small><b>283,952 votes</b><br /><b>52 <abbr title="Pledged Delegates">PD</abbr></b></small> </td> <td><small><b>76,919 votes</b><br /><b>38.5 <abbr title="Pledged Delegates">PD</abbr></b></small> </td> <td><small><b>196,508 votes</b><br /><b>22 <abbr title="Pledged Delegates">PD</abbr></b></small> </td> <td><small><b>20 <abbr title="Pledged Delegates">PD</abbr></b></small> </td> <td><small><b>16 <abbr title="Pledged Delegates">PD</abbr></b></small> </td> <td><small><b>8 <abbr title="Pledged Delegates">PD</abbr></b></small> </td> <td><small><b>6 <abbr title="Pledged Delegates">PD</abbr></b></small> </td> <td><small><b>48,337 votes</b></small> </td> <td><small><b>0 <abbr title="Pledged Delegates">PD</abbr></b></small> </td> <td><small><b>0 <abbr title="Pledged Delegates">PD</abbr></b></small> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Convention vote </caption> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">President </th> <th colspan="2">Vice President </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span> <b><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a></b> </td> <td>946 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span> <b><a href="/wiki/Henry_A._Wallace" title="Henry A. Wallace">Henry A. Wallace</a></b> </td> <td>626 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Farley" title="James Farley">James Farley</a> </td> <td>72 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/William_B._Bankhead" title="William B. Bankhead">William B. Bankhead</a> </td> <td>329 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Nance_Garner" title="John Nance Garner">John Nance Garner</a> </td> <td>61 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paul_V._McNutt" title="Paul V. McNutt">Paul V. McNutt</a> </td> <td>68 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Millard_Tydings" title="Millard Tydings">Millard Tydings</a> </td> <td>9 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alva_B._Adams" title="Alva B. Adams">Alva B. Adams</a> </td> <td>11 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cordell_Hull" title="Cordell Hull">Cordell Hull</a> </td> <td>5 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Farley" title="James Farley">James Farley</a> </td> <td>7 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jesse_H._Jones" title="Jesse H. Jones">Jesse H. Jones</a> </td> <td>5 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Joseph_C._O%27Mahoney" title="Joseph C. O'Mahoney">Joseph C. O'Mahoney</a> </td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alben_W._Barkley" title="Alben W. Barkley">Alben W. Barkley</a> </td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Prentiss_M._Brown" title="Prentiss M. Brown">Prentiss M. Brown</a> </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Louis_A._Johnson" title="Louis A. Johnson">Louis A. Johnson</a> </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Scott_W._Lucas" title="Scott W. Lucas">Scott W. Lucas</a> </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bascom_N._Timmons" title="Bascom N. Timmons">Bascom N. Timmons</a> </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/David_I._Walsh" title="David I. Walsh">David I. Walsh</a> </td> <td>0.5 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Throughout the winter, spring, and summer of 1940, there was much speculation as to whether Roosevelt would break with longstanding tradition and run for an unprecedented third term. The two-term tradition, although not yet <a href="/wiki/Twenty-second_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution">enshrined in the Constitution</a>, had been established by <a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">George Washington</a> when he refused to run for a third term in <a href="/wiki/1796_United_States_presidential_election" title="1796 United States presidential election">1796</a>; other former presidents, such as <a href="/wiki/Ulysses_S._Grant" title="Ulysses S. Grant">Ulysses S. Grant</a> in <a href="/wiki/1880_United_States_presidential_election" title="1880 United States presidential election">1880</a> and <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a> in <a href="/wiki/1912_United_States_presidential_election" title="1912 United States presidential election">1912</a> had made serious attempts to run for a third term, but the former failed to be nominated, while the latter, forced to run on a third-party ticket, lost to <a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson" title="Woodrow Wilson">Woodrow Wilson</a> due to the split in the Republican vote. President Roosevelt refused to state definitely whether he would run for a third term. He even indicated to some ambitious Democrats that he would not run. Two of them thus decided to seek the Democratic nomination. These were <a href="/wiki/James_Farley" title="James Farley">James Farley</a>, his former campaign manager, and Vice President <a href="/wiki/John_Nance_Garner" title="John Nance Garner">John Nance Garner</a>. Garner was a Texas conservative who had come to disagree with Roosevelt's liberal economic and social policies, and declined to run for a third term as vice president. </p><p>However, as <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a> swept through western Europe and menaced the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> in the summer of 1940, Roosevelt decided that only he had the necessary experience and skills to see the nation safely through the Nazi threat. He was aided by the party's political bosses, who feared that no Democrat except Roosevelt could defeat the popular Willkie.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the July <a href="/wiki/1940_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1940 Democratic National Convention">1940 Democratic National Convention</a> in <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>, Roosevelt easily swept aside challenges from Farley and Garner. Roosevelt picked Secretary of Agriculture <a href="/wiki/Henry_A._Wallace" title="Henry A. Wallace">Henry A. Wallace</a> of Iowa to replace Garner on the ticket. An outspoken liberal who had been a Republican until he joined Roosevelt's cabinet, he met strong opposition from conservatives and party traditionalists. Wallace was also known as "eccentric" in his private life: some years earlier, he had been a follower of <a href="/wiki/Theosophy" title="Theosophy">Theosophist</a> mystic <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Roerich" title="Nicholas Roerich">Nicholas Roerich</a>. But Roosevelt insisted that without Wallace he would not run. <a href="/wiki/First_Lady_of_the_United_States" title="First Lady of the United States">First Lady</a> <a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Roosevelt" title="Eleanor Roosevelt">Eleanor Roosevelt</a> came to Chicago to vouch for Wallace, and he won the vice-presidential nomination with 626 votes to 329 for House Speaker <a href="/wiki/William_B._Bankhead" title="William B. Bankhead">William B. Bankhead</a> of Alabama.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Republican_Party">Republican Party</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1940_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Republican Party"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/1940_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1940 Republican Party presidential primaries">1940 Republican Party presidential primaries</a> and <a href="/wiki/1940_Republican_National_Convention" title="1940 Republican National Convention">1940 Republican National Convention</a></div> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background:#f1f1f1;" colspan="30"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)"><img alt="Republican Party (United States)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Republican_Disc.svg/65px-Republican_Disc.svg.png" decoding="async" width="65" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Republican_Disc.svg/98px-Republican_Disc.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Republican_Disc.svg/130px-Republican_Disc.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="227" data-file-height="227" /></a><figcaption>Republican Party (United States)</figcaption></figure><big><b>1940 Republican Party ticket</b></big> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:3em; font-size:135%; background:#E81B23; width:200px;"><a href="/wiki/Wendell_Willkie" title="Wendell Willkie"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Wendell Willkie</span></a> </th> <th style="width:3em; font-size:135%; background:#E81B23; width:200px;"><a href="/wiki/Charles_L._McNary" title="Charles L. McNary"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Charles L. McNary</span></a> </th></tr> <tr style="color:#000; font-size:100%; background:#FFD0D7;"> <td style="width:3em; width:200px;"><i><b>for President</b></i> </td> <td style="width:3em; width:200px;"><i><b>for Vice President</b></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:WendellWillkie.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/WendellWillkie.jpg/148px-WendellWillkie.jpg" decoding="async" width="148" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/WendellWillkie.jpg/222px-WendellWillkie.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/WendellWillkie.jpg/296px-WendellWillkie.jpg 2x" data-file-width="738" data-file-height="997" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Charles_Linza_McNary_cph.3b18950_(cropped_3x4).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Charles_Linza_McNary_cph.3b18950_%28cropped_3x4%29.jpg/150px-Charles_Linza_McNary_cph.3b18950_%28cropped_3x4%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Charles_Linza_McNary_cph.3b18950_%28cropped_3x4%29.jpg/225px-Charles_Linza_McNary_cph.3b18950_%28cropped_3x4%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Charles_Linza_McNary_cph.3b18950_%28cropped_3x4%29.jpg/300px-Charles_Linza_McNary_cph.3b18950_%28cropped_3x4%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="619" data-file-height="824" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td>President of<br /><a href="/wiki/Southern_Company" title="Southern Company">Commonwealth & Southern</a><br /><small>(1933–1940)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senator</a> from <a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">Oregon</a><br /><small>(1917–1918, 1918–1944)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Wendell_Willkie#1940_presidential_election" title="Wendell Willkie"><b>Campaign</b></a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="font-size:90%;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="12" style="text-align:center; width:700px; font-size:120%; color:white; background:#E81B23;"><i>In order of delegates and votes won</i> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center"> <th scope="col" style="width:10em; font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/Wendell_Willkie" title="Wendell Willkie">Wendell Willkie</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:10em; font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/Robert_A._Taft" title="Robert A. Taft">Robert A. Taft</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:10em; font-size:120%;">Jerrold L. Seawell </th> <th scope="col" style="width:10em; font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_E._Dewey" title="Thomas E. Dewey">Thomas E. Dewey</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:10em; font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Vandenberg" title="Arthur Vandenberg">Arthur Vanderberg</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:10em; font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">Herbert Hoover</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:10em; font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/Hanford_MacNider" title="Hanford MacNider">Hanford MacNider</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:10em; font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Gannett" title="Frank Gannett">Frank Gannett</a> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:10em; font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_James_(politician)" title="Arthur James (politician)">Arthur H. James</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center"> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:WendellWillkie.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/WendellWillkie.jpg/95px-WendellWillkie.jpg" decoding="async" width="95" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/WendellWillkie.jpg/143px-WendellWillkie.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/WendellWillkie.jpg/191px-WendellWillkie.jpg 2x" data-file-width="738" data-file-height="997" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:RobertATaft.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/RobertATaft.jpg/98px-RobertATaft.jpg" decoding="async" width="98" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/RobertATaft.jpg/148px-RobertATaft.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/RobertATaft.jpg/197px-RobertATaft.jpg 2x" data-file-width="704" data-file-height="950" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jerrold_L._Seawell,_1935.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Jerrold_L._Seawell%2C_1935.jpg/101px-Jerrold_L._Seawell%2C_1935.jpg" decoding="async" width="101" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Jerrold_L._Seawell%2C_1935.jpg/152px-Jerrold_L._Seawell%2C_1935.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Jerrold_L._Seawell%2C_1935.jpg/203px-Jerrold_L._Seawell%2C_1935.jpg 2x" data-file-width="813" data-file-height="1083" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Thomas_E._Dewey_color_photograph.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Thomas_E._Dewey_color_photograph.png/105px-Thomas_E._Dewey_color_photograph.png" decoding="async" width="105" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Thomas_E._Dewey_color_photograph.png/158px-Thomas_E._Dewey_color_photograph.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Thomas_E._Dewey_color_photograph.png/210px-Thomas_E._Dewey_color_photograph.png 2x" data-file-width="355" data-file-height="456" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arthur_H._Vandenberg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Arthur_H._Vandenberg.jpg/104px-Arthur_H._Vandenberg.jpg" decoding="async" width="104" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Arthur_H._Vandenberg.jpg/157px-Arthur_H._Vandenberg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Arthur_H._Vandenberg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="181" data-file-height="225" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Hoover_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/President_Hoover_portrait.jpg/103px-President_Hoover_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="103" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/President_Hoover_portrait.jpg/155px-President_Hoover_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/President_Hoover_portrait.jpg/206px-President_Hoover_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2174" data-file-height="2896" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hanford_MacNider2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Hanford_MacNider2.jpg/96px-Hanford_MacNider2.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Hanford_MacNider2.jpg/144px-Hanford_MacNider2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Hanford_MacNider2.jpg/191px-Hanford_MacNider2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="267" data-file-height="360" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FrankGannett.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/FrankGannett.png/90px-FrankGannett.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/FrankGannett.png/135px-FrankGannett.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/FrankGannett.png/180px-FrankGannett.png 2x" data-file-width="206" data-file-height="295" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arthur_H._James_(Pennsylvania_governor).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Arthur_H._James_%28Pennsylvania_governor%29.jpg/96px-Arthur_H._James_%28Pennsylvania_governor%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Arthur_H._James_%28Pennsylvania_governor%29.jpg/144px-Arthur_H._James_%28Pennsylvania_governor%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Arthur_H._James_%28Pennsylvania_governor%29.jpg/192px-Arthur_H._James_%28Pennsylvania_governor%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="292" data-file-height="438" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center"> <td><a href="/wiki/Businessperson" title="Businessperson">Businessman</a><br /> from <a href="/wiki/New_York_(State)" class="mw-redirect" title="New York (State)">New York</a><br /> <small>(1919–1939)</small> </td> <td>U.S. Senator<br />from <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a><br /><small>(1939–1953)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/President_pro_tempore_of_the_California_State_Senate" title="President pro tempore of the California State Senate">President pro tempore</a><br />of <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a><br /><small>(1939–1941)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Assistant_Attorney_General" title="United States Assistant Attorney General">Manhattan District Attorney</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a><br /><small>(1938–1941)</small> </td> <td>U.S. Senator<br />from <a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a><br /><small>(1928–1951)</small> </td> <td>Former <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">U.S. President</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Assistant Secretary of War">Assistant Secretary of War</a><small>(1925–1928)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Businessperson" title="Businessperson">Businessman</a><br /> from <a href="/wiki/New_York_(State)" class="mw-redirect" title="New York (State)">New York</a><br /> <small>(1906–1957)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Pennsylvania" title="List of governors of Pennsylvania">Governor</a><br />of <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a><br /><small>(1939–1943)</small> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center"> <td><small><b>21,140 votes</b><br /><b>633 <abbr title="Pledged Delegates">PD</abbr></b></small> </td> <td><small><b>516,428 votes</b><br /><b>310 <abbr title="Pledged Delegates">PD</abbr></b></small> </td> <td><small><b>538,112 votes</b><br /><b>44 <abbr title="Pledged Delegates">PD</abbr></b></small> </td> <td><small><b>1,605,754 votes</b><br /><b>11 <abbr title="Pledged Delegates">PD</abbr></b></small> </td> <td><small><b>100,651 votes</b></small> </td> <td><small><b>69 votes</b><br /><b>9 <abbr title="Pledged Delegates">PD</abbr></b></small> </td> <td><small><b>2 <abbr title="Pledged Delegates">PD</abbr></b></small> </td> <td><small><b>1 <abbr title="Pledged Delegates">PD</abbr></b></small> </td> <td><small><b>1 <abbr title="Pledged Delegates">PD</abbr></b></small> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="4">Convention vote (6th Ballot before Shifts) </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">President </th> <th colspan="2">Vice President </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span> <a href="/wiki/Wendell_Willkie" title="Wendell Willkie"><b>Wendell L. Willkie</b></a> </td> <td>633 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Green tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/13px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/20px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span> <b><a href="/wiki/Charles_L._McNary" title="Charles L. McNary">Charles L. McNary</a></b> </td> <td>626 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_A._Taft" title="Robert A. Taft">Robert A. Taft</a> </td> <td>310 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dewey_Jackson_Short" class="mw-redirect" title="Dewey Jackson Short">Dewey Jackson Short</a> </td> <td>108 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Thomas_E._Dewey" title="Thomas E. Dewey">Thomas E. Dewey</a> </td> <td>11 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Styles_Bridges" title="Styles Bridges">Styles Bridges</a> </td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">Herbert Hoover</a> </td> <td>9 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hanford_MacNider" title="Hanford MacNider">Hanford MacNider</a> </td> <td>2 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Frank_Gannett" title="Frank Gannett">Frank Gannett</a> </td> <td>1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Arthur_James_(politician)" title="Arthur James (politician)">Arthur H. James</a> </td> <td>1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In the months leading up to the opening of the 1940 <a href="/wiki/Republican_National_Convention" title="Republican National Convention">Republican National Convention</a> in <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>, Pennsylvania, the Republican Party was deeply divided between the party's <a href="/wiki/United_States_non-interventionism" title="United States non-interventionism">isolationists</a>, who wanted to stay out of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> at all costs, and the party's interventionists, who felt that the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> needed to be given all aid short of war to prevent <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a> from conquering all of Europe. The three leading candidates for the Republican nomination - Senator <a href="/wiki/Robert_A._Taft" title="Robert A. Taft">Robert A. Taft</a> from Ohio, Senator <a href="/wiki/Arthur_H._Vandenberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Arthur H. Vandenberg">Arthur H. Vandenberg</a> from Michigan, and <a href="/wiki/District_Attorney" class="mw-redirect" title="District Attorney">District Attorney</a> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_E._Dewey" title="Thomas E. Dewey">Thomas E. Dewey</a> from New York - were all isolationists to varying degrees.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Taft was the leader of the conservative, isolationist wing of the Republican Party, and his main strength was in his native <a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">Midwestern United States</a> and parts of the <a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">Southern United States</a>. Dewey, the District Attorney for <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a>, had risen to national fame as the "Gangbuster" prosecutor who had sent numerous infamous <a href="/wiki/American_Mafia" title="American Mafia">Mafia</a> figures to prison, most notably <a href="/wiki/Lucky_Luciano" title="Lucky Luciano">Lucky Luciano</a>, the organized-crime boss of <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>. Dewey had won most of the presidential primaries in the spring of 1940, and he came into the Republican Convention in June with the largest number of delegate votes, although he was still well below the number needed to win. Vandenberg, the senior Republican in the Senate, was the "favorite son" candidate of the Michigan delegation and was considered a possible compromise candidate if Taft or Dewey faltered. Former President <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">Herbert Hoover</a> was also spoken of as a compromise candidate. </p><p>However, each of these candidates had weaknesses that could be exploited. Taft's outspoken isolationism and opposition to any American involvement in the <a href="/wiki/European_theatre_of_World_War_II" title="European theatre of World War II">European war</a> convinced many Republican leaders that he could not win a general election, particularly as <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_France" title="Battle of France">France fell</a> to the Nazis in June 1940 and Germany threatened the United Kingdom. Dewey's relative youth—he was only 38 in 1940—and lack of any foreign-policy experience caused his candidacy to weaken as the <a href="/wiki/Wehrmacht" title="Wehrmacht">Wehrmacht</a> emerged as a fearsome threat. In 1940, Vandenberg was also an isolationist (he would change his foreign-policy stance during World War II) and his lackadaisical, lethargic campaign never caught the voters' attention. Hoover still bore the stigma of having presided over the <a href="/wiki/Wall_Street_Crash_of_1929" class="mw-redirect" title="Wall Street Crash of 1929">Wall Street Crash of 1929</a> and the subsequent <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a>. This left an opening for a <a href="/wiki/Dark_horse" title="Dark horse">dark horse</a> candidate to emerge.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Willkie_For_President_button.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Willkie_For_President_button.svg/220px-Willkie_For_President_button.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Willkie_For_President_button.svg/330px-Willkie_For_President_button.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Willkie_For_President_button.svg/440px-Willkie_For_President_button.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="999" data-file-height="1007" /></a><figcaption>Wendell Willkie for President campaign button.</figcaption></figure> <p>A <a href="/wiki/Wall_Street" title="Wall Street">Wall Street</a>-based industrialist named <a href="/wiki/Wendell_Willkie" title="Wendell Willkie">Wendell Willkie</a>, who had never before run for public office, emerged as the unlikely nominee. Willkie, a native of Indiana and a former Democrat who had supported Franklin Roosevelt in the <a href="/wiki/1932_United_States_presidential_election" title="1932 United States presidential election">1932 United States presidential election</a>, was considered an improbable choice. Willkie had first come to public attention as an articulate critic of Roosevelt's attempt to break up electrical power <a href="/wiki/Monopoly" title="Monopoly">monopolies</a>. </p><p>Willkie was the CEO of the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_%26_Southern_Corporation" title="Commonwealth & Southern Corporation">Commonwealth & Southern Corporation</a>, which provided electrical power to customers in eleven states. In 1933, President Roosevelt had created the <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Valley_Authority" title="Tennessee Valley Authority">Tennessee Valley Authority</a> (TVA), which promised to provide <a href="/wiki/Flood_control" class="mw-redirect" title="Flood control">flood control</a> and cheap electricity to the impoverished people of the <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Valley" title="Tennessee Valley">Tennessee Valley</a>. However, the government-run TVA would compete with Willkie's Commonwealth & Southern, and this led Willkie to criticize and oppose the TVA's attempt to compete with private power companies. Willkie argued that the government had unfair advantages over private corporations, and should thus avoid competing directly against them.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, Willkie did not dismiss all of Roosevelt's <a href="/wiki/Social_programs_in_the_United_States" title="Social programs in the United States">social welfare programs</a>, indeed supporting those he believed could not be managed any better by the free enterprise system. Furthermore, unlike the leading Republican candidates, Willkie was a forceful and outspoken advocate of aid to the <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II" title="Allies of World War II">Allies of World War II</a>, especially the United Kingdom. His support of giving all aid to the British "short of declaring war" won him the support of many Republicans on the <a href="/wiki/East_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="East Coast of the United States">East Coast of the United States</a>, who disagreed with their party's isolationist leaders in Congress. </p><p>Willkie's persuasive arguments impressed these Republicans, who believed that he would be an attractive presidential candidate. Many of the leading <a href="/wiki/Media_proprietor" title="Media proprietor">press barons</a> of the era, such as Ogden Reid of the <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Herald_Tribune" title="New York Herald Tribune">New York Herald Tribune</a></i>, Roy Howard of the <a href="/wiki/E._W._Scripps_Company" title="E. W. Scripps Company">Scripps-Howard</a> newspaper chain and <a href="/wiki/John_Cowles_Sr." title="John Cowles Sr.">John</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gardner_Cowles_Jr." title="Gardner Cowles Jr.">Gardner Cowles Jr.</a> publishers of the <i><a href="/wiki/Star_Tribune" class="mw-redirect" title="Star Tribune">Minneapolis Star</a></i> and the <i><a href="/wiki/Star_Tribune" class="mw-redirect" title="Star Tribune">Minneapolis Tribune</a></i>, as well as <i><a href="/wiki/The_Des_Moines_Register" title="The Des Moines Register">The Des Moines Register</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Look_(American_magazine)" title="Look (American magazine)">Look</a></i> magazine, supported Willkie in their newspapers and magazines. Even so, Willkie remained a long-shot candidate; the May 8 <a href="/wiki/The_Gallup_Organization#Gallup_Poll" class="mw-redirect" title="The Gallup Organization">Gallup Poll</a> showed Dewey at 67% support among Republicans, followed by Vandenberg and Taft, with Willkie at only 3%. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/German_Army_(Wehrmacht)" class="mw-redirect" title="German Army (Wehrmacht)">German Army</a>'s rapid <a href="/wiki/Blitzkrieg" title="Blitzkrieg">Blitzkrieg</a> campaign into France in May 1940 shook American public opinion, even as Taft was telling a Kansas audience that America needed to concentrate on domestic issues to prevent Roosevelt from using the war crisis to extend <a href="/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism">socialism</a> at home. Both Dewey and Vandenberg also continued to oppose any aid to the United Kingdom that might lead to war with Nazi Germany. Nevertheless, sympathy for the embattled British was mounting daily, and this aided Willkie's candidacy. By mid-June, little over one week before the Republican Convention opened, the Gallup poll reported that Willkie had moved into second place with 17%, and that Dewey was slipping. Fueled by his favorable media attention, Willkie's pro-British statements won over many of the delegates. As the delegates were arriving in Philadelphia, Gallup reported that Willkie had surged to 29%, Dewey had slipped five more points to 47%, and Taft, Vandenberg and Hoover trailed at 8%, 8%, and 6% respectively. </p><p>Hundreds of thousands, perhaps as many as one million, telegrams urging support for Willkie poured in, many from "Willkie Clubs" that had sprung up across the country. Millions more signed petitions circulating everywhere. At the <a href="/wiki/1940_Republican_National_Convention" title="1940 Republican National Convention">1940 Republican National Convention</a> itself, keynote speaker <a href="/wiki/Harold_Stassen" title="Harold Stassen">Harold Stassen</a>, the Governor of Minnesota, announced his support for Willkie and became his official floor manager.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Hundreds of vocal Willkie supporters packed the upper galleries of the convention hall. Willkie's amateur status and fresh face appealed to delegates as well as voters. Most of the delegations were selected not by primaries, but by party leaders in each state, and they had a keen sense of the fast-changing pulse of public opinion. Gallup found the same thing in polling data not reported until after the convention: Willkie had moved ahead among Republican voters by 44% to only 29% for the collapsing Dewey. As the pro-Willkie galleries chanted "We Want Willkie!" the delegates on the convention floor began their vote. Dewey led on the first ballot, but steadily lost strength thereafter. Both Taft and Willkie gained in strength on each ballot, and by the fourth ballot it was obvious that either Willkie or Taft would be the nominee. The key moments came when the delegations of large states such as Michigan, Pennsylvania, and New York left Dewey and Vandenberg and switched to Willkie, giving him the victory on the sixth ballot.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Willkie's nomination was one of the most dramatic moments in any political convention.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Having given little thought to whom he would select as his vice-presidential nominee, Willkie left the decision to convention chairman and Massachusetts Representative <a href="/wiki/Joseph_William_Martin_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph William Martin Jr.">Joseph Martin</a>, the House Minority Leader, who suggested Senate Minority Leader <a href="/wiki/Charles_L._McNary" title="Charles L. McNary">Charles L. McNary</a> from Oregon. Despite the fact that McNary had spearheaded a "Stop Willkie" campaign late in the balloting, the convention picked him to be Willkie's running mate.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="General_election">General election</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1940_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: General election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Polling">Polling</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1940_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Polling"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Nationwide_opinion_polling_for_the_1940_United_States_presidential_election" title="Nationwide opinion polling for the 1940 United States presidential election">Nationwide opinion polling for the 1940 United States presidential election</a></div> <table style="margin-left: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; border-spacing: 3px; background-color: #f8f9fa;" class="floatright"> <caption>Polling aggregates </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Candidates </th></tr> <tr> <td style="padding: 0 5px;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#3333FF; color:white;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> Franklin Roosevelt</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding: 0 5px;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#E81B23; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> Wendell Willkie</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding: 0 5px;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Silver; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> Undecided</div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Notice plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-notice" role="presentation" style="width:100%;margin:0;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/60px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/80px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text" style="text-align: left;"><div class="mbox-text-span">Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on <a class="external text" href="https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/tag/charts/">Phabricator</a> and on <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Chart" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:Chart">MediaWiki.org</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable collapsible collapsed"> <tbody><tr> <th>Poll Source </th> <th>Field Date(s) </th> <th>Sample Size </th> <th>Franklin Roosevelt<br /><small><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">Democratic</span></small> </th> <th>Wendell Willkie<br /><small><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">Republican</span></small> </th> <th>Others </th> <th>Undecided </th> <th>Leading by<br />(<a href="/wiki/Percentage_point" title="Percentage point">points</a>) </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Election Results</b> </td> <th colspan="2">November 5, 1940 </th> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>54.7%</b> </td> <td align="center">44.8% </td> <td align="center">0.5% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>10.0</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gallup Poll News Service </td> <td>November 2, 1940 </td> <td>3,094 (A) </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>51.1%</b> </td> <td align="center">47.4% </td> <td align="center">0.4% </td> <td align="center">1.1% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>3.7</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gallup Poll News Service </td> <td>October 24, 1940 </td> <td>10,325 (A) </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>47.7%</b> </td> <td align="center">44.2% </td> <td align="center">0.2% </td> <td align="center">7.9% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>3.5</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gallup Poll News Service </td> <td>October 23, 1940 </td> <td>3,161 (A) </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>48.2%</b> </td> <td align="center">43.5% </td> <td align="center">0.3% </td> <td align="center">8.00% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>4.7</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gallup Poll News Service </td> <td>October 22, 1940 </td> <td>11,860 (A) </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>49.9%</b> </td> <td align="center">41.8% </td> <td align="center">0.4% </td> <td align="center">7.9% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>8.1</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gallup Poll News Service </td> <td>October 19, 1940 </td> <td>5,525 (A) </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>48.3%</b> </td> <td align="center">45.1% </td> <td align="center">0.5% </td> <td align="center">6.2% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>3.2</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gallup Poll News Service </td> <td>October 9, 1940 </td> <td>3,134 (A) </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>50.0%</b> </td> <td align="center">41.4% </td> <td align="center">0.6% </td> <td align="center">7.9% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>8.6</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gallup Poll News Service </td> <td>October 5, 1940 </td> <td>6,221 (A) </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>46.7%</b> </td> <td align="center">45.6% </td> <td align="center">0.4% </td> <td align="center">7.5% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>1.1</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gallup Poll News Service </td> <td>September 30, 1940 </td> <td>3,089 (A) </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>48.8%</b> </td> <td align="center">42.0% </td> <td align="center">0.3% </td> <td align="center">8.8% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>6.8</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gallup Poll News Service </td> <td>September 20, 1940 </td> <td>2,957 (A) </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>48.3%</b> </td> <td align="center">40.7% </td> <td align="center">0.1% </td> <td align="center">11.0% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>7.6</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gallup Poll News Service </td> <td>September 14, 1940 </td> <td>7,489 (A) </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>47.6%</b> </td> <td align="center">42.4% </td> <td align="center">0.5% </td> <td align="center">9.5% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>5.2</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gallup Poll News Service </td> <td>September 3, 1940 </td> <td>4,536 (A) </td> <td align="center">42.7% </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><b>42.8%</b> </td> <td align="center">0.3% </td> <td align="center">14.2% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>0.2</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gallup Poll News Service </td> <td>August 21, 1940 </td> <td>3,117 (A) </td> <td align="center">43.2% </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><b>43.6%</b> </td> <td align="center">0.3% </td> <td align="center">12.2% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>0.4</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gallup Poll News Service </td> <td>August 9, 1940 </td> <td>3,117 (A) </td> <td align="center">40.3% </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><b>43.8%</b> </td> <td align="center">0.6% </td> <td align="center">13.8% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>3.5</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gallup Poll News Service </td> <td>August 8, 1940 </td> <td>5,790 (A) </td> <td align="center">42.1% </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><b>46.0%</b> </td> <td align="center">0.9% </td> <td align="center">11.1% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>3.9</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gallup Poll News Service </td> <td>July 31, 1940 </td> <td>3,060 (A) </td> <td align="center">43.6% </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><b>45.8%</b> </td> <td align="center">0.3% </td> <td align="center">10.3% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>2.2</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gallup Poll News Service </td> <td>July 19, 1940 </td> <td>3,117 (A) </td> <td align="center">42.7% </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><b>43.4%</b> </td> <td align="center">0.5% </td> <td align="center">13.4% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>0.7</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gallup Poll News Service </td> <td>July 16, 1940 </td> <td>1,626 (A) </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>44.3%</b> </td> <td align="center">43.1% </td> <td align="center">0.3% </td> <td align="center">12.4% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>1.2</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gallup Poll News Service </td> <td>July 11, 1940 </td> <td>2,490 (A) </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>46.4%</b> </td> <td align="center">39.8% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">13.8% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>6.6</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gallup Poll News Service </td> <td>July 3, 1940 </td> <td>3,121 (A) </td> <td align="center">42.0% </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><b>45.7%</b> </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">12.3% </td> <td style="background-color:#FFB6B6" align="center"><b>3.6</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gallup Poll News Service </td> <td>Jun 11, 1940 </td> <td>3,091 (A) </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>52.7%</b> </td> <td align="center">29.9% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">17.3% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>22.9</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gallup Poll News Service </td> <td>May 29, 1940 </td> <td>3,159 (A) </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><b>54.5%</b> </td> <td align="center">29.3% </td> <td align="center">- </td> <td align="center">15.9% </td> <td style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" align="center"><b>25.2</b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>The Gallup Poll accurately predicted the election outcome.<sup id="cite_ref-gallup1941_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gallup1941-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the American Institute of Public Opinion, responsible for the Gallup Poll, avoided predicting the outcome, citing a four percent margin of error.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Gallup Poll also found that, if there was <a href="/wiki/European_theatre_of_World_War_II" title="European theatre of World War II">no war in Europe</a>, voters preferred Willkie over Roosevelt.<sup id="cite_ref-gallup1941_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gallup1941-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fall_campaign">Fall campaign</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1940_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Fall campaign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/PresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif/400px-PresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif" decoding="async" width="400" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/PresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif/600px-PresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/PresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif/800px-PresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif 2x" data-file-width="2800" data-file-height="1700" /></a><figcaption>Results by county explicitly indicating the percentage for the winning candidate. Shades of blue are for Roosevelt (Democratic) and shades of red are for Willkie (Republican).</figcaption></figure> <p>Willkie crusaded against Roosevelt's attempt to break the two-term presidential tradition, arguing that "if one man is indispensable, then none of us is free." Even some Democrats who had supported Roosevelt in the past disapproved of his attempt to win a third term, and Willkie hoped to win their votes. Willkie also criticized what he claimed was the incompetence and waste in Roosevelt's <a href="/wiki/New_Deal" title="New Deal">New Deal</a> welfare programs. He stated that as president he would keep most of Roosevelt's government programs, but would make them more efficient.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, many Americans still blamed business leaders for the Great Depression, and the fact that Willkie symbolized "<a href="/wiki/Big_business" title="Big business">Big Business</a>" hurt him with many <a href="/wiki/Working_class_in_the_United_States" title="Working class in the United States">working-class voters</a>. Willkie was a fearless campaigner; he often visited industrial areas where Republicans were still blamed for causing the Great Depression and where Roosevelt was highly popular. In these areas, Willkie frequently had rotten fruit and vegetables thrown at him and was heckled by crowds; still, he was unfazed.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Willkie also accused Roosevelt of leaving the nation unprepared for war, but Roosevelt's military buildup and transformation of the nation into the "<a href="/wiki/Arsenal_of_Democracy" title="Arsenal of Democracy">Arsenal of Democracy</a>" removed the "unpreparedness" charge as a major issue. Willkie then reversed his approach and charged Roosevelt with secretly planning to take the nation into World War II. This accusation did cut into Roosevelt's support. In response, Roosevelt, in a pledge that he would later regret, promised that he would "not send American boys into any foreign wars." The United Kingdom and Germany actively interfered throughout the election, hoping to exploit public sentiments and cultivate political contacts.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-The_Conversation_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Conversation-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Results">Results</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1940_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Roosevelt <a href="/wiki/Historical_polling_for_U.S._Presidential_elections#United_States_presidential_election,_1940" class="mw-redirect" title="Historical polling for U.S. Presidential elections">led in all pre-election opinion polls</a> by various margins. On Election Day—November 5, 1940, he received 27.3 million votes to Willkie's 22.3 million, and in the <a href="/wiki/Electoral_College_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Electoral College (United States)">Electoral College</a>, he defeated Willkie by a margin of 449 to 82. Willkie did get over six million more votes than the Republican nominee in 1936, <a href="/wiki/Alf_Landon" title="Alf Landon">Alf Landon</a>, and he ran strong in <a href="/wiki/Rural" class="mw-redirect" title="Rural">rural</a> areas in the American <a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">Midwest</a>, taking over 57% of the farm vote. Many counties in the Midwest have not voted for a Democrat since. Roosevelt, meanwhile, carried every American city with a population of more than 400,000 except <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati">Cincinnati</a>, Ohio. Of the 106 cities with more than 100,000 population, he won 61% of the votes cast; in the <a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">Southern United States</a> as a whole, he won 73% of the total vote. In the remainder of the country (the rural and small-town <a href="/wiki/Northern_United_States" title="Northern United States">Northern United States</a>), Willkie had a majority of 53%. In the cities, there was a class differential, with the white-collar and middle-class voters supporting the Republican candidate, and working class, blue-collar voters going for FDR. In the North, Roosevelt won 87% of the Jewish vote, 73% of the Catholics, and 61% of the nonmembers, while all the major Protestant denominations showed majorities for Willkie.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Roosevelt's net vote totals in the twelve largest cities decreased from 3,479,000 votes in the 1936 election to 2,112,000 votes, but it was still higher than his result from the 1932 election when he won by 1,791,000 votes.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of the 3,094 counties/independent cities, Roosevelt won in 1,947 (62.93%) while Willkie carried 1,147 (37.07%). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Records">Records</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1940_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Records"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Roosevelt was the third of just four presidents in United States history to win re-election with a lower percentage of the electoral vote than in their prior elections, the other three were <a href="/wiki/James_Madison" title="James Madison">James Madison</a> in <a href="/wiki/1812_United_States_presidential_election" title="1812 United States presidential election">1812</a>, <a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson" title="Woodrow Wilson">Woodrow Wilson</a> in <a href="/wiki/1916_United_States_presidential_election" title="1916 United States presidential election">1916</a> and <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> in <a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_presidential_election" title="2012 United States presidential election">2012</a>. Additionally, Roosevelt was the fourth of only five presidents to win re-election with a smaller percentage of the popular vote than in prior elections, the other four are <a href="/wiki/James_Madison" title="James Madison">James Madison</a> in <a href="/wiki/1812_United_States_presidential_election" title="1812 United States presidential election">1812</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Andrew Jackson</a> in <a href="/wiki/1832_United_States_presidential_election" title="1832 United States presidential election">1832</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</a> in <a href="/wiki/1892_United_States_presidential_election" title="1892 United States presidential election">1892</a>, and Obama in 2012. This marked the first time since 1892 that the Democrats won the popular vote in three consecutive elections, and the first since 1840 where they won three consecutive elections. Although at a rate lower than 1936, Roosevelt maintained his strong majorities from labor unions, big city <a href="/wiki/Political_machine" title="Political machine">political machines</a>, ethnic minority voters, and the traditionally Democratic <a href="/wiki/Solid_South" title="Solid South">Solid South</a>. Roosevelt's third consecutive victory inspired the <a href="/wiki/Twenty-second_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution">Twenty-second Amendment</a>, limiting the number of terms a person may be president. </p><p>As of 2024, Roosevelt was the sixth of eight presidential nominees to win a significant number of electoral votes in at least three elections, the others being Thomas Jefferson, Henry Clay, Andrew Jackson, Grover Cleveland, William Jennings Bryan, Richard Nixon, and Donald Trump. Of these, Jackson, Cleveland, and Roosevelt also won the popular vote in at least three elections. Jefferson, Cleveland, Roosevelt, and Trump were also their respective party's nominees for three consecutive elections. </p><p>This was the first time that North Dakota voted for a losing candidate and the first time since 1892 that a Democrat won without Colorado, Kansas, and Nebraska. This was also the first time anyone won without Colorado and Nebraska since 1908, and Kansas since 1900. It was also the fourth presidential election in which both major party candidates were registered in the same home state; the others have been in <a href="/wiki/1860_United_States_presidential_election" title="1860 United States presidential election">1860</a>, <a href="/wiki/1904_United_States_presidential_election" title="1904 United States presidential election">1904</a>, <a href="/wiki/1920_United_States_presidential_election" title="1920 United States presidential election">1920</a>, <a href="/wiki/1944_United_States_presidential_election" title="1944 United States presidential election">1944</a>, and <a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">2016</a>. </p><p>Willkie and McNary both died in 1944 (October 8, and February 25, respectively); the first, and to date only time both members of a major-party presidential ticket died during the term for which they sought election. Had they been elected, Willkie's death would have resulted in the Secretary of State becoming <a href="/wiki/Acting_president_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Acting president of the United States">acting president</a> for the remainder of the term ending on January 20, 1945, in accordance with the <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Succession_Act#Presidential_Succession_Act_of_1886" title="Presidential Succession Act">Presidential Succession Act of 1886</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>4.53% of Willkie's votes came from the eleven states of the former Confederacy, with him taking 21.65% of the vote in that region.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESherman1973263_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESherman1973263-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Electoral results </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Presidential candidate </th> <th rowspan="2">Party </th> <th rowspan="2">Home state </th> <th colspan="2">Popular vote </th> <th rowspan="2">Electoral<br />vote </th> <th colspan="3">Running mate </th></tr> <tr> <th>Count </th> <th>Percentage </th> <th>Vice-presidential candidate </th> <th>Home state </th> <th>Electoral vote </th></tr> <tr> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> (incumbent)</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">27,313,945 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">54.74% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">449 </td> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Henry_A._Wallace" title="Henry A. Wallace">Henry A. Wallace</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">449 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Wendell_Willkie" title="Wendell Willkie">Wendell Willkie</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">22,347,744 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">44.78% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">82 </td> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Charles_L._McNary" title="Charles L. McNary">Charles L. McNary</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">Oregon</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">82 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Norman_Thomas" title="Norman Thomas">Norman Thomas</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_America" title="Socialist Party of America">Socialist</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">116,599 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.23% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Maynard_C._Krueger" title="Maynard C. Krueger">Maynard C. Krueger</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Roger_Babson" title="Roger Babson">Roger Babson</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Prohibition_Party" title="Prohibition Party">Prohibition</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">57,903 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.12% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td><b> Edgar Moorman</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/Earl_Browder" title="Earl Browder">Earl Browder</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_USA" title="Communist Party USA">Communist</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">Kansas</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">48,557 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.10% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/James_W._Ford" title="James W. Ford">James W. Ford</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b> <a href="/wiki/John_W._Aiken" title="John W. Aiken">John W. Aiken</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Labor_Party_of_America" title="Socialist Labor Party of America">Socialist Labor</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">14,883 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.03% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td><b> Aaron M. Orange</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:right"> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"><b>Other</b> </td> <td>2,482 </td> <td>0.00% </td> <td>— </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left;"><b>Other</b> </td> <td>— </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:right"> <th colspan="3">Total </th> <td>49,902,113 </td> <td>100% </td> <td>531 </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td>531 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:right"> <th colspan="5">Needed to win </th> <td>266 </td> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td>266 </td></tr></tbody></table><p><b>Source (Popular Vote):</b> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFLeip" class="citation web cs1">Leip, David. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/national.php?year=1940&f=0&off=0&elect=0">"1940 Presidential Election Results"</a>. <i>Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 31,</span> 2005</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dave+Leip%27s+Atlas+of+U.S.+Presidential+Elections&rft.atitle=1940+Presidential+Election+Results&rft.aulast=Leip&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuselectionatlas.org%2FRESULTS%2Fnational.php%3Fyear%3D1940%26f%3D0%26off%3D0%26elect%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1940+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span><b>Source (Electoral Vote):</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.archives.gov/electoral-college/1940#certificates">"Electoral College Box Scores 1789–1996"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Archives_and_Records_Administration" title="National Archives and Records Administration">National Archives and Records Administration</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 31,</span> 2005</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Electoral+College+Box+Scores+1789%E2%80%931996&rft.pub=National+Archives+and+Records+Administration&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.archives.gov%2Felectoral-college%2F1940%23certificates&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1940+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span> </p><table style="margin:0; border:none;"><tbody><tr><td style="border:none; padding:0;"><div class="notheme barbox" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:600px; background: white; color: black;"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#ddd"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Popular vote</th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;"></td> <td style="width:410px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><b>Roosevelt</b></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#3333FF; width:54.74%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">54.74%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Willkie</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#E81B23; width:44.78%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">44.78%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Thomas</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#CD3700; width:0.23%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.23%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Others</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#777777; width:0.25%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.25%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="margin:0; border:none;"><tbody><tr><td style="border:none; padding:0;"><div class="notheme barbox" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:600px; background: white; color: black;"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#ddd"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Electoral vote</th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;"></td> <td style="width:410px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><b>Roosevelt</b></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#3333FF; width:84.56%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">84.56%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Willkie</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#E81B23; width:15.44%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">15.44%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geography_of_results">Geography of results</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1940_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Geography of results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1940_Electoral_Map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/1940_Electoral_Map.png/650px-1940_Electoral_Map.png" decoding="async" width="650" height="349" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/1940_Electoral_Map.png/975px-1940_Electoral_Map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/1940_Electoral_Map.png 2x" data-file-width="1182" data-file-height="635" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 1629px;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 535px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 530px; height: 347px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1940_United_States_presidential_election_results_map_by_county.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Results by county, shaded according to winning candidate's percentage of the vote"><img alt="Results by county, shaded according to winning candidate's percentage of the vote" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/1940_United_States_presidential_election_results_map_by_county.svg/500px-1940_United_States_presidential_election_results_map_by_county.svg.png" decoding="async" width="500" height="317" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/1940_United_States_presidential_election_results_map_by_county.svg/750px-1940_United_States_presidential_election_results_map_by_county.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/1940_United_States_presidential_election_results_map_by_county.svg/1000px-1940_United_States_presidential_election_results_map_by_county.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="555" data-file-height="352" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Results by county, shaded according to winning candidate's percentage of the vote</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Cartographic_gallery">Cartographic gallery</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1940_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Cartographic gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 1140px;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 220px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 215px; height: 143px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="Presidential election results by county"><img alt="Presidential election results by county" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/PresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif/185px-PresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif" decoding="async" width="185" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/PresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif/278px-PresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/PresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif/370px-PresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif 2x" data-file-width="2800" data-file-height="1700" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Presidential election results by county</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 220px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 215px; height: 143px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DemocraticPresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="Democratic presidential election results by county"><img alt="Democratic presidential election results by county" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/DemocraticPresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif/185px-DemocraticPresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif" decoding="async" width="185" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/DemocraticPresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif/278px-DemocraticPresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/DemocraticPresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif/370px-DemocraticPresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif 2x" data-file-width="2800" data-file-height="1700" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Democratic presidential election results by county</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 220px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 215px; height: 143px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:RepublicanPresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="Republican presidential election results by county"><img alt="Republican presidential election results by county" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/RepublicanPresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif/185px-RepublicanPresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif" decoding="async" width="185" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/RepublicanPresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif/278px-RepublicanPresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/RepublicanPresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif/370px-RepublicanPresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif 2x" data-file-width="2800" data-file-height="1700" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Republican presidential election results by county</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 220px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 215px; height: 143px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:OtherPresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif" class="mw-file-description" title=""Other" presidential election results by county"><img alt=""Other" presidential election results by county" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/OtherPresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif/185px-OtherPresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif" decoding="async" width="185" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/OtherPresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif/278px-OtherPresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/OtherPresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif/370px-OtherPresidentialCounty1940Colorbrewer.gif 2x" data-file-width="2800" data-file-height="1700" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">"Other" presidential election results by county</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Results_by_state">Results by state</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1940_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Results by state"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Source:<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td>States/districts won by <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Roosevelt</a>/<a href="/wiki/Henry_A._Wallace" title="Henry A. Wallace">Wallace</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td>States/districts won by <a href="/wiki/Wendell_Willkie" title="Wendell Willkie">Willkie</a>/<a href="/wiki/Charles_L._McNary" title="Charles L. McNary">McNary</a> </td></tr></tbody></table><div style="overflow:auto"> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2"> </th> <th style="text-align:center;" colspan="3">Franklin D. Roosevelt<br />Democratic </th> <th style="text-align:center;" colspan="3">Wendell Willkie<br />Republican </th> <th style="text-align:center;" colspan="3">Norman Thomas<br />Socialist </th> <th style="text-align:center;" colspan="3">Other </th> <th style="text-align:center;" colspan="2">Margin </th> <th style="text-align:center;" colspan="2">State Total </th></tr> <tr> <th align="center">State </th> <th style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" data-sort-type="number">electoral<br />votes </th> <th style="text-align:center;" data-sort-=""># </th> <th style="text-align:center;" data-sort-="">% </th> <th style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" data-sort-type="number">electoral<br />votes </th> <th style="text-align:center;" data-sort-=""># </th> <th style="text-align:center;" data-sort-="">% </th> <th style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" data-sort-type="number">electoral<br />votes </th> <th style="text-align:center;" data-sort-=""># </th> <th style="text-align:center;" data-sort-="">% </th> <th style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" data-sort-type="number">electoral<br />votes </th> <th style="text-align:center;" data-sort-=""># </th> <th style="text-align:center;" data-sort-="">% </th> <th style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" data-sort-type="number">electoral<br />votes </th> <th style="text-align:center;" data-sort-=""># </th> <th style="text-align:center;" data-sort-="">% </th> <th style="text-align:center; font-size: 60%" data-sort-type="number"># </th> <th> </th></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Alabama" title="1940 United States presidential election in Alabama">Alabama</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">11 </td> <td>250,726</td> <td>85.22</td> <td>11</td> <td>42,184</td> <td>14.34</td> <td>-</td> <td>100</td> <td>0.03</td> <td>-</td> <td>1,209</td> <td>0.41</td> <td>-</td> <td>208,542</td> <td>70.88</td> <td>294,219 </td> <td>AL </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Arizona" title="1940 United States presidential election in Arizona">Arizona</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3 </td> <td>95,267</td> <td>63.49</td> <td>3</td> <td>54,030</td> <td>36.01</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>742</td> <td>0.49</td> <td>-</td> <td>41,237</td> <td>27.48</td> <td>150,039 </td> <td>AZ </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Arkansas" title="1940 United States presidential election in Arkansas">Arkansas</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">9 </td> <td>158,622</td> <td>79.02</td> <td>9</td> <td>42,121</td> <td>20.98</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>116,501</td> <td>58.03</td> <td>200,743 </td> <td>AR </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_California" title="1940 United States presidential election in California">California</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">22 </td> <td>1,877,618</td> <td>57.44</td> <td>22</td> <td>1,351,419</td> <td>41.34</td> <td>-</td> <td>16,506</td> <td>0.50</td> <td>-</td> <td>23,248</td> <td>0.71</td> <td>-</td> <td>526,199</td> <td>16.10</td> <td>3,268,791 </td> <td>CA </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Colorado" title="1940 United States presidential election in Colorado">Colorado</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">6 </td> <td>265,554</td> <td>48.37</td> <td>-</td> <td>279,576</td> <td>50.92</td> <td>6</td> <td>1,899</td> <td>0.35</td> <td>-</td> <td>1,975</td> <td>0.36</td> <td>-</td> <td>-14,022</td> <td>-2.55</td> <td>549,004 </td> <td>CO </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Connecticut" title="1940 United States presidential election in Connecticut">Connecticut</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">8 </td> <td>417,621</td> <td>53.44</td> <td>8</td> <td>361,819</td> <td>46.30</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>2,062</td> <td>0.26</td> <td>-</td> <td>55,802</td> <td>7.14</td> <td>781,502 </td> <td>CT </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Delaware" title="1940 United States presidential election in Delaware">Delaware</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3 </td> <td>74,599</td> <td>54.70</td> <td>3</td> <td>61,440</td> <td>45.05</td> <td>-</td> <td>115</td> <td>0.08</td> <td>-</td> <td>220</td> <td>0.16</td> <td>-</td> <td>13,159</td> <td>9.65</td> <td>136,374 </td> <td>DE </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Florida" title="1940 United States presidential election in Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">7 </td> <td>359,334</td> <td>74.01</td> <td>7</td> <td>126,158</td> <td>25.99</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>233,176</td> <td>48.03</td> <td>485,492 </td> <td>FL </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Georgia" title="1940 United States presidential election in Georgia">Georgia</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">12 </td> <td>265,194</td> <td>84.85</td> <td>12</td> <td>46,360</td> <td>14.83</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>997</td> <td>0.32</td> <td>-</td> <td>218,834</td> <td>70.02</td> <td>312,551 </td> <td>GA </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Idaho" title="1940 United States presidential election in Idaho">Idaho</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4 </td> <td>127,842</td> <td>54.36</td> <td>4</td> <td>106,553</td> <td>45.31</td> <td>-</td> <td>497</td> <td>0.21</td> <td>-</td> <td>276</td> <td>0.12</td> <td>-</td> <td>21,289</td> <td>9.05</td> <td>235,168 </td> <td>ID </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Illinois" title="1940 United States presidential election in Illinois">Illinois</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">29 </td> <td>2,149,934</td> <td>50.97</td> <td>29</td> <td>2,047,240</td> <td>48.54</td> <td>-</td> <td>10,914</td> <td>0.26</td> <td>-</td> <td>9,847</td> <td>0.23</td> <td>-</td> <td>102,694</td> <td>2.43</td> <td>4,217,935 </td> <td>IL </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Indiana" title="1940 United States presidential election in Indiana">Indiana</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">14 </td> <td>874,063</td> <td>49.03</td> <td>-</td> <td>899,466</td> <td>50.45</td> <td>14</td> <td>2,075</td> <td>0.12</td> <td>-</td> <td>7,143</td> <td>0.40</td> <td>-</td> <td>-25,403</td> <td>-1.42</td> <td>1,782,747 </td> <td>IN </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Iowa" title="1940 United States presidential election in Iowa">Iowa</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">11 </td> <td>578,800</td> <td>47.62</td> <td>-</td> <td>632,370</td> <td>52.03</td> <td>11</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>4,260</td> <td>0.35</td> <td>-</td> <td>-53,570</td> <td>-4.41</td> <td>1,215,430 </td> <td>IA </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Kansas" title="1940 United States presidential election in Kansas">Kansas</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">9 </td> <td>364,725</td> <td>42.40</td> <td>-</td> <td>489,169</td> <td>56.86</td> <td>9</td> <td>2,347</td> <td>0.27</td> <td>-</td> <td>4,056</td> <td>0.47</td> <td>-</td> <td>-124,444</td> <td>-14.47</td> <td>860,297 </td> <td>KS </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Kentucky" title="1940 United States presidential election in Kentucky">Kentucky</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">11 </td> <td>557,222</td> <td>57.44</td> <td>11</td> <td>410,384</td> <td>42.30</td> <td>-</td> <td>1,014</td> <td>0.10</td> <td>-</td> <td>1,443</td> <td>0.15</td> <td>-</td> <td>146,838</td> <td>15.14</td> <td>970,063 </td> <td>KY </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Louisiana" title="1940 United States presidential election in Louisiana">Louisiana</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">10 </td> <td>319,751</td> <td>85.88</td> <td>10</td> <td>52,446</td> <td>14.09</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>108</td> <td>0.03</td> <td>-</td> <td>267,305</td> <td>71.80</td> <td>372,305 </td> <td>LA </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Maine" title="1940 United States presidential election in Maine">Maine</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">5 </td> <td>156,478</td> <td>48.77</td> <td>-</td> <td>163,951</td> <td>51.10</td> <td>5</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>411</td> <td>0.13</td> <td>-</td> <td>-7,473</td> <td>-2.33</td> <td>320,840 </td> <td>ME </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Maryland" title="1940 United States presidential election in Maryland">Maryland</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">8 </td> <td>384,546</td> <td>58.25</td> <td>8</td> <td>269,534</td> <td>40.83</td> <td>-</td> <td>4,093</td> <td>0.62</td> <td>-</td> <td>1,944</td> <td>0.29</td> <td>-</td> <td>115,012</td> <td>17.42</td> <td>660,117 </td> <td>MD </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1940 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">17 </td> <td>1,076,522</td> <td>53.11</td> <td>17</td> <td>939,700</td> <td>46.36</td> <td>-</td> <td>4,091</td> <td>0.20</td> <td>-</td> <td>6,680</td> <td>0.33</td> <td>-</td> <td>136,822</td> <td>6.75</td> <td>2,026,993 </td> <td>MA </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Michigan" title="1940 United States presidential election in Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">19 </td> <td>1,032,991</td> <td>49.52</td> <td>-</td> <td>1,039,917</td> <td>49.85</td> <td>19</td> <td>7,593</td> <td>0.36</td> <td>-</td> <td>5,428</td> <td>0.26</td> <td>-</td> <td>-6,926</td> <td>-0.33</td> <td>2,085,929 </td> <td>MI </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Minnesota" title="1940 United States presidential election in Minnesota">Minnesota</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">11 </td> <td>644,196</td> <td>51.49</td> <td>11</td> <td>596,274</td> <td>47.66</td> <td>-</td> <td>5,454</td> <td>0.44</td> <td>-</td> <td>5,264</td> <td>0.42</td> <td>-</td> <td>47,922</td> <td>3.83</td> <td>1,251,188 </td> <td>MN </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Mississippi" title="1940 United States presidential election in Mississippi">Mississippi</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">9 </td> <td>168,267</td> <td>95.70</td> <td>9</td> <td>7,364</td> <td>4.19</td> <td>-</td> <td>193</td> <td>0.11</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>160,903</td> <td>91.51</td> <td>175,824 </td> <td>MS </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Missouri" title="1940 United States presidential election in Missouri">Missouri</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">15 </td> <td>958,476</td> <td>52.27</td> <td>15</td> <td>871,009</td> <td>47.50</td> <td>-</td> <td>2,226</td> <td>0.12</td> <td>-</td> <td>2,018</td> <td>0.11</td> <td>-</td> <td>87,467</td> <td>4.77</td> <td>1,833,729 </td> <td>MO </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Montana" title="1940 United States presidential election in Montana">Montana</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4 </td> <td>145,698</td> <td>58.78</td> <td>4</td> <td>99,579</td> <td>40.17</td> <td>-</td> <td>1,443</td> <td>0.58</td> <td>-</td> <td>1,153</td> <td>0.47</td> <td>-</td> <td>46,119</td> <td>18.61</td> <td>247,873 </td> <td>MT </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Nebraska" title="1940 United States presidential election in Nebraska">Nebraska</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">7 </td> <td>263,677</td> <td>42.81</td> <td>-</td> <td>352,201</td> <td>57.19</td> <td>7</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-88,524</td> <td>-14.37</td> <td>615,878 </td> <td>NE </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Nevada" title="1940 United States presidential election in Nevada">Nevada</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3 </td> <td>31,945</td> <td>60.08</td> <td>3</td> <td>21,229</td> <td>39.92</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>10,716</td> <td>20.15</td> <td>53,174 </td> <td>NV </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Hampshire" title="1940 United States presidential election in New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4 </td> <td>125,292</td> <td>53.22</td> <td>4</td> <td>110,127</td> <td>46.78</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>15,165</td> <td>6.44</td> <td>235,419 </td> <td>NH </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Jersey" title="1940 United States presidential election in New Jersey">New Jersey</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">16 </td> <td>1,016,404</td> <td>51.48</td> <td>16</td> <td>944,876</td> <td>47.86</td> <td>-</td> <td>2,823</td> <td>0.14</td> <td>-</td> <td>10,111</td> <td>0.51</td> <td>-</td> <td>71,528</td> <td>3.62</td> <td>1,974,214 </td> <td>NJ </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Mexico" title="1940 United States presidential election in New Mexico">New Mexico</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3 </td> <td>103,699</td> <td>56.59</td> <td>3</td> <td>79,315</td> <td>43.28</td> <td>-</td> <td>144</td> <td>0.08</td> <td>-</td> <td>100</td> <td>0.05</td> <td>-</td> <td>24,384</td> <td>13.31</td> <td>183,258 </td> <td>NM </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_York" title="1940 United States presidential election in New York">New York</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">47 </td> <td>3,251,918</td> <td>51.60</td> <td>47</td> <td>3,027,478</td> <td>48.04</td> <td>-</td> <td>18,950</td> <td>0.30</td> <td>-</td> <td>3,250</td> <td>0.05</td> <td>-</td> <td>224,440</td> <td>3.56</td> <td>6,301,596 </td> <td>NY </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_North_Carolina" title="1940 United States presidential election in North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">13 </td> <td>609,015</td> <td>74.03</td> <td>13</td> <td>213,633</td> <td>25.97</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>395,382</td> <td>48.06</td> <td>822,648 </td> <td>NC </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_North_Dakota" title="1940 United States presidential election in North Dakota">North Dakota</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4 </td> <td>124,036</td> <td>44.18</td> <td>-</td> <td>154,590</td> <td>55.06</td> <td>4</td> <td>1,279</td> <td>0.46</td> <td>-</td> <td>870</td> <td>0.31</td> <td>-</td> <td>-30,554</td> <td>-10.88</td> <td>280,775 </td> <td>ND </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Ohio" title="1940 United States presidential election in Ohio">Ohio</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">26 </td> <td>1,733,139</td> <td>52.20</td> <td>26</td> <td>1,586,773</td> <td>47.80</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>146,366</td> <td>4.41</td> <td>3,319,912 </td> <td>OH </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Oklahoma" title="1940 United States presidential election in Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">11 </td> <td>474,313</td> <td>57.41</td> <td>11</td> <td>348,872</td> <td>42.23</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>3,027</td> <td>0.37</td> <td>-</td> <td>125,441</td> <td>15.18</td> <td>826,212 </td> <td>OK </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Oregon" title="1940 United States presidential election in Oregon">Oregon</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">5 </td> <td>258,415</td> <td>53.70</td> <td>5</td> <td>219,555</td> <td>45.62</td> <td>-</td> <td>398</td> <td>0.08</td> <td>-</td> <td>2,872</td> <td>0.60</td> <td>-</td> <td>38,860</td> <td>8.07</td> <td>481,240 </td> <td>OR </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Pennsylvania" title="1940 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">36 </td> <td>2,171,035</td> <td>53.23</td> <td>36</td> <td>1,889,848</td> <td>46.33</td> <td>-</td> <td>10,967</td> <td>0.27</td> <td>-</td> <td>6,864</td> <td>0.17</td> <td>-</td> <td>281,187</td> <td>6.89</td> <td>4,078,714 </td> <td>PA </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Rhode_Island" title="1940 United States presidential election in Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4 </td> <td>182,182</td> <td>56.73</td> <td>4</td> <td>138,653</td> <td>43.17</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>313</td> <td>0.10</td> <td>-</td> <td>43,529</td> <td>13.55</td> <td>321,148 </td> <td>RI </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_South_Carolina" title="1940 United States presidential election in South Carolina">South Carolina</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">8 </td> <td>95,470</td> <td>95.63</td> <td>8</td> <td>4,360</td> <td>4.37</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>2</td> <td>0.00</td> <td>-</td> <td>91,110</td> <td>91.26</td> <td>99,832 </td> <td>SC </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_South_Dakota" title="1940 United States presidential election in South Dakota">South Dakota</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4 </td> <td>131,362</td> <td>42.59</td> <td>-</td> <td>177,065</td> <td>57.41</td> <td>4</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-45,703</td> <td>-14.82</td> <td>308,427 </td> <td>SD </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Tennessee" title="1940 United States presidential election in Tennessee">Tennessee</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">11 </td> <td>351,601</td> <td>67.25</td> <td>11</td> <td>169,153</td> <td>32.35</td> <td>-</td> <td>463</td> <td>0.09</td> <td>-</td> <td>1,606</td> <td>0.31</td> <td>-</td> <td>182,448</td> <td>34.90</td> <td>522,823 </td> <td>TN </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Texas" title="1940 United States presidential election in Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">23 </td> <td>909,974</td> <td>80.92</td> <td>23</td> <td>212,692</td> <td>18.91</td> <td>-</td> <td>728</td> <td>0.06</td> <td>-</td> <td>1,137</td> <td>0.10</td> <td>-</td> <td>697,282</td> <td>62.01</td> <td>1,124,531 </td> <td>TX </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Utah" title="1940 United States presidential election in Utah">Utah</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4 </td> <td>154,277</td> <td>62.25</td> <td>4</td> <td>93,151</td> <td>37.59</td> <td>-</td> <td>200</td> <td>0.08</td> <td>-</td> <td>191</td> <td>0.08</td> <td>-</td> <td>61,126</td> <td>24.67</td> <td>247,819 </td> <td>UT </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Vermont" title="1940 United States presidential election in Vermont">Vermont</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3 </td> <td>64,269</td> <td>44.92</td> <td>-</td> <td>78,371</td> <td>54.78</td> <td>3</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>422</td> <td>0.30</td> <td>-</td> <td>-14,102</td> <td>-9.86</td> <td>143,062 </td> <td>VT </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Virginia" title="1940 United States presidential election in Virginia">Virginia</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">11 </td> <td>235,961</td> <td>68.08</td> <td>11</td> <td>109,363</td> <td>31.55</td> <td>-</td> <td>282</td> <td>0.08</td> <td>-</td> <td>1,001</td> <td>0.29</td> <td>-</td> <td>126,598</td> <td>36.52</td> <td>346,607 </td> <td>VA </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Washington" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States presidential election in Washington">Washington</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">8 </td> <td>462,145</td> <td>58.22</td> <td>8</td> <td>322,123</td> <td>40.58</td> <td>-</td> <td>4,586</td> <td>0.58</td> <td>-</td> <td>4,979</td> <td>0.63</td> <td>-</td> <td>140,022</td> <td>17.64</td> <td>793,833 </td> <td>WA </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_West_Virginia" title="1940 United States presidential election in West Virginia">West Virginia</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">8 </td> <td>495,662</td> <td>57.10</td> <td>8</td> <td>372,414</td> <td>42.90</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>-</td> <td>123,248</td> <td>14.20</td> <td>868,076 </td> <td>WV </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Wisconsin" title="1940 United States presidential election in Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">12 </td> <td>704,821</td> <td>50.15</td> <td>12</td> <td>679,206</td> <td>48.32</td> <td>-</td> <td>15,071</td> <td>1.07</td> <td>-</td> <td>6,424</td> <td>0.46</td> <td>-</td> <td>25,615</td> <td>1.82</td> <td>1,405,522 </td> <td>WI </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Wyoming" title="1940 United States presidential election in Wyoming">Wyoming</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">3 </td> <td>59,287</td> <td>52.82</td> <td>3</td> <td>52,633</td> <td>46.89</td> <td>-</td> <td>148</td> <td>0.13</td> <td>-</td> <td>172</td> <td>0.15</td> <td>-</td> <td>6,654</td> <td>5.93</td> <td>112,240 </td> <td>WY </td></tr> <tr> <th>TOTALS:</th> <th>531 </th> <th>27,313,945</th> <th>54.74</th> <th>449 </th> <th>22,347,744</th> <th>44.78</th> <th>82 </th> <th>116,599</th> <th>0.23</th> <th>- </th> <th>123,825</th> <th>0.25</th> <th>- </th> <th>4,966,201</th> <th>9.95</th> <th>49,902,113 </th> <td>US </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="States_that_flipped_from_Democratic_to_Republican">States that flipped from Democratic to Republican</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1940_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: States that flipped from Democratic to Republican"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebraska" title="Nebraska">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota">South Dakota</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Close_states">Close states</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1940_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Close states"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Margin of victory less than 1% (19 electoral votes): </p> <ol><li><span style="color:red;"><b>Michigan, 0.33% (6,926 votes)</b></span></li></ol> <p>Margin of victory less than 5% (192 electoral votes): </p> <ol><li><span style="color:red;"><b>Indiana, 1.42% (25,403 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:blue;"><b>Wisconsin, 1.82% (25,615 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>Maine, 2.33% (7,473 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:blue;"><b>Illinois, 2.43% (102,694 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>Colorado, 2.55% (14,022 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:blue;"><b>New York, 3.56% (224,440 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:blue;"><b>New Jersey, 3.62% (71,528 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:blue;"><b>Minnesota, 3.83% (47,922 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>Iowa, 4.41% (53,570 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:blue;"><b>Ohio, 4.41% (146,366 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:blue;"><b>Missouri, 4.77% (87,467 votes)</b></span></li></ol> <p>Margin of victory between 5% and 10% (83 electoral votes): </p> <ol><li><span style="color:blue;"><b>Wyoming, 5.93% (6,654 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:blue;"><b>New Hampshire, 6.44% (15,165 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:blue;"><b>Massachusetts, 6.75% (136,822 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:blue;"><b>Pennsylvania, 6.89% (281,187 votes)</b></span> (tipping point state)</li> <li><span style="color:blue;"><b>Connecticut, 7.14% (55,802 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:blue;"><b>Oregon, 8.07% (38,860 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:blue;"><b>Idaho, 9.05% (21,289 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:blue;"><b>Delaware, 9.65% (13,159 votes)</b></span></li> <li><span style="color:red;"><b>Vermont, 9.86% (14,102 votes)</b></span></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Statistics">Statistics</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1940_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Statistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Counties with Highest Percent of Vote (Democratic) </p> <ol><li><b><span style="color:blue;"><a href="/wiki/Terrell_County,_Georgia" title="Terrell County, Georgia">Terrell County, Georgia</a> 100.00%</span></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:blue;"><a href="/wiki/Tate_County,_Mississippi" title="Tate County, Mississippi">Tate County, Mississippi</a> 99.81%</span></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:blue;"><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_County,_South_Carolina" title="Lancaster County, South Carolina">Lancaster County, South Carolina</a> 99.57%</span></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:blue;"><a href="/wiki/Calhoun_County,_South_Carolina" title="Calhoun County, South Carolina">Calhoun County, South Carolina</a> 99.55%</span></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:blue;"><a href="/wiki/Chesterfield_County,_South_Carolina" title="Chesterfield County, South Carolina">Chesterfield County, South Carolina</a> 99.31%</span></b></li></ol> <p>Counties with Highest Percent of Vote (Republican) </p> <ol><li><b><span style="color:red;"><a href="/wiki/McIntosh_County,_North_Dakota" title="McIntosh County, North Dakota">McIntosh County, North Dakota</a> 91.66%</span></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:red;"><a href="/wiki/Jackson_County,_Kentucky" title="Jackson County, Kentucky">Jackson County, Kentucky</a> 88.62%</span></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:red;"><a href="/wiki/Gillespie_County,_Texas" title="Gillespie County, Texas">Gillespie County, Texas</a> 86.74%</span></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:red;"><a href="/wiki/Mercer_County,_North_Dakota" title="Mercer County, North Dakota">Mercer County, North Dakota</a> 85.36%</span></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:red;"><a href="/wiki/Johnson_County,_Tennessee" title="Johnson County, Tennessee">Johnson County, Tennessee</a> 84.21%</span></b></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Foreign_interference">Foreign interference</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1940_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Foreign interference"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The British government engaged covert intelligence operations to support Roosevelt, including the planting of false news stories, wiretaps, "October surprises", and other intelligence activities.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The German government had allocated $5 million as a campaign war chest via the German embassy to bribe Democratic delegates at the 1940 convention, using American businessman <a href="/wiki/William_Rhodes_Davis" title="William Rhodes Davis">William Rhodes Davis</a> as a conduit. Davis was sympathetic to the German cause after his meeting with <a href="/wiki/Hermann_G%C3%B6ring" title="Hermann Göring">Hermann Göring</a> and was enlisted for this purpose. Later, he directed some of these funds towards supporting anti-Roosevelt radio broadcasts by the isolationist labor leader <a href="/wiki/John_L._Lewis" title="John L. Lewis">John L. Lewis</a>, with the aim of impeding Roosevelt's re-election bid. Initially a supporter of Roosevelt in 1936, Davis had become disillusioned by 1940, and the two had grown apart over foreign policy. The German envoy in Mexico had also requested $160,000 to sway an unnamed Democratic Party operative in Pennsylvania to unseat interventionist Democratic Senator <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Guffey" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Guffey">Joseph Guffey</a>, who was a prominent critic of Nazi Germany. Davis was later identified as <a href="/wiki/Abwehr" title="Abwehr">Abwehr</a> agent C-80 following his death in August 1941.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Conversation_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Conversation-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1940_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections">1940 United States House of Representatives elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_elections" title="1940 United States Senate elections">1940 United States Senate elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1918%E2%80%931945)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the United States (1918–1945)">History of the United States (1918–1945)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_inauguration_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Third inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt">Third inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Plot_Against_America" title="The Plot Against America">The Plot Against America</a></i>, a 2004 <a href="/wiki/Alternate_history" title="Alternate history">alternative history</a> by <a href="/wiki/Philip_Roth" title="Philip Roth">Philip Roth</a>, premised on the 1940 defeat of Roosevelt by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Lindbergh#America_First" title="Charles Lindbergh">Charles Lindbergh</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bring_the_Jubilee" title="Bring the Jubilee">Bring the Jubilee</a></i>, a 1953 <a href="/wiki/Alternative_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Alternative history">alternative history</a> novel by <a href="/wiki/Ward_Moore" title="Ward Moore">Ward Moore</a>, set in a universe where the Confederacy won the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>, where the election is contested by Whig candidate Thomas E. Dewey and Populist candidate Jennings Lewis.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1940_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.electproject.org/national-1789-present">"National General Election VEP Turnout Rates, 1789-Present"</a>. <i>United States Election Project</i>. <a href="/wiki/CQ_Press" title="CQ Press">CQ Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=United+States+Election+Project&rft.atitle=National+General+Election+VEP+Turnout+Rates%2C+1789-Present&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.electproject.org%2Fnational-1789-present&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1940+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FedRegEC1940-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FedRegEC1940_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.archives.gov/federal-register/electoral-college/votes/1941_1953.html#1940">"U. S. Electoral College"</a>. <i>Archives.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 18,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Archives.gov&rft.atitle=U.+S.+Electoral+College&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.archives.gov%2Ffederal-register%2Felectoral-college%2Fvotes%2F1941_1953.html%231940&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1940+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/radio-address-the-democratic-national-convention-accepting-the-nomination">"Radio Address to the Democratic National Convention Accepting the Nomination. | The American Presidency Project"</a>. <i>www.presidency.ucsb.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.presidency.ucsb.edu&rft.atitle=Radio+Address+to+the+Democratic+National+Convention+Accepting+the+Nomination.+%7C+The+American+Presidency+Project&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.presidency.ucsb.edu%2Fdocuments%2Fradio-address-the-democratic-national-convention-accepting-the-nomination&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1940+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130125203751/http://www.historycentral.com/FDR/FDR_1940Election.html">"FDR Campaigns For Re-election"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historycentral.com/FDR/FDR_1940Election.html">the original</a> on January 25, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FDR+Campaigns+For+Re-election&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.historycentral.com%2FFDR%2FFDR_1940Election.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1940+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span>"Roosevelt repeatedly promised that American boys would not have to fight overseas. At one point Willkie hearing Roosevelt make his pledge of "your boys are not going to be sent into a foreign war"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">James MacGregor Burns <i>Roosevelt: The Lion and the Fox</i> (1956) pp 408-30.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Richard Moe, <i>Roosevelt's Second Act: The Election of 1940 and the Politics of War</i> (2013).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Michael D. Bowen, <i>The Roots of Modern Conservatism: Dewey, Taft, and the Battle for the Soul of the Republican Party</i> (2011).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Susan Dunn, <i>1940: FDR, Willkie, Lindbergh, Hitler-the Election Amid the Storm</i> (Yale UP, 2013).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Steve Neal, <i>Dark Horse: A Biography of Wendell Willkie</i> (1989)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Henry Z. Scheele, "The Nomination of Wendell Willkie." <i>Communication Quarterly</i> 16.4 (1968): 45-50.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Charles Peters, <i>Five Days in Philadelphia: 1940, Wendell Willkie, FDR and the Political Convention That Won World War II</i> (2006) pp 1-5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Steve Neal, <i>McNary of Oregon: A Political Biography</i> (1985).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gallup1941-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gallup1941_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gallup1941_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGallup1941" class="citation web cs1">Gallup, George (January 1941). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oldmagazinearticles.com/FDR_1940_presidential_gallup_poll_information">"Was I Right About Roosevelt?"</a>. <i>Coronet</i>. Old Magazine Articles<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 18,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Coronet&rft.atitle=Was+I+Right+About+Roosevelt%3F&rft.date=1941-01&rft.aulast=Gallup&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oldmagazinearticles.com%2FFDR_1940_presidential_gallup_poll_information&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1940+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Katz_(psychologist)" title="Daniel Katz (psychologist)">Katz, Daniel</a> (March 1941). "The Public Opinion Polls and the 1940 Election". <i>The Public Opinion Quarterly</i>. Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 52–78</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">John W. Jeffries, <i>A Third Term for FDR: The Election of 1940</i> (2017)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">* Evjen, Henry O. "The Willkie Campaign; An Unfortunate Chapter in Republican Leadership", <i>Journal of Politics</i> (1952) 14#2 pp. 241–56 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2126521">in JSTOR</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUsdin2017" class="citation news cs1">Usdin, Steve (January 16, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2017/01/when-a-foreign-government-interfered-in-a-us-electionto-reelect-fdr-214634">"When a Foreign Government Interfered in a U.S. Election — to Reelect FDR"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 18,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=When+a+Foreign+Government+Interfered+in+a+U.S.+Election+%E2%80%94+to+Reelect+FDR&rft.date=2017-01-16&rft.aulast=Usdin&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.com%2Fmagazine%2Fstory%2F2017%2F01%2Fwhen-a-foreign-government-interfered-in-a-us-electionto-reelect-fdr-214634&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1940+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Conversation-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_Conversation_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Conversation_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHart2019" class="citation news cs1">Hart, Bradley (January 23, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theconversation.com/nazis-and-communists-tried-it-too-foreign-interference-in-us-elections-dates-back-decades-109934">"Nazis and communists tried it too: Foreign interference in US elections dates back decades"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Conversation_(website)" title="The Conversation (website)">The Conversation</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 23,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Conversation&rft.atitle=Nazis+and+communists+tried+it+too%3A+Foreign+interference+in+US+elections+dates+back+decades&rft.date=2019-01-23&rft.aulast=Hart&rft.aufirst=Bradley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheconversation.com%2Fnazis-and-communists-tried-it-too-foreign-interference-in-us-elections-dates-back-decades-109934&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1940+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edition.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/1997/07/23/nazis/">"A Nazi Attempt To Influence U.S. Elections"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a></i>. July 23, 1997.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=A+Nazi+Attempt+To+Influence+U.S.+Elections&rft.date=1997-07-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2FALLPOLITICS%2F1997%2F07%2F23%2Fnazis%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1940+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Richard Jensen, "The Cities Reelect Roosevelt" p 189-90</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMurphy1974" class="citation book cs1">Murphy, Paul (1974). <i>Political Parties In American History, Volume 3, 1890-present</i>. <a href="/wiki/G._P._Putnam%27s_Sons" title="G. 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Washington, D.C.: CQ Press<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 12,</span> 2018</span>. <q>If the Republican ticket had been elected in 1940, the plan of succession adopted in 1886 would probably have come into operation for the first time in 1944. Charles McNary, Republican candidate for Vice President, died on Feb. 25, 1944, With the death of Wendell Willkie, on Oct. 8, his Secretary of State would have been sworn in for the remainder of the term ending on Jan. 20, 1945.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Editorial+research+reports+1945+%28Vol.+II%29&rft.atitle=Succession+to+the+presidency&rft.date=1945&rft.aulast=Brewer&rft.aufirst=F.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flibrary.cqpress.com%2Fcqresearcher%2Fcqresrre1945092000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1940+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFeinman2016" class="citation web cs1">Feinman, Ronald L. (March 1, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/161880">"The Election of 1940 and the Might-Have-Been that Makes One Shudder"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_News_Network" title="History News Network">History News Network</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 13,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Election+of+1940+and+the+Might-Have-Been+that+Makes+One+Shudder&rft.pub=History+News+Network&rft.date=2016-03-01&rft.aulast=Feinman&rft.aufirst=Ronald+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistorynewsnetwork.org%2Farticle%2F161880&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1940+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESherman1973263-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESherman1973263_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSherman1973">Sherman 1973</a>, p. 263.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/data.php?year=1940&datatype=national&def=1&f=0&off=0&elect=0">"1940 Presidential General Election Data - National"</a>. <i>Uselectionatlas.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 1,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=When+a+Foreign+Government+Interfered+in+a+U.S.+Election%E2%80%94to+Reelect+FDR&rft.date=2017-01-16&rft.aulast=Usdin&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.com%2Fmagazine%2Fstory%2F2017%2F01%2Fwhen-a-foreign-government-interfered-in-a-us-electionto-reelect-fdr-214634&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1940+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStevenson1999" class="citation book cs1">Stevenson, William Samuel (June 1, 1999). <i>British Security Coordination: The Secret History of British Intelligence in the Americas, 1940–1945</i>. Fromm International. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/088064236X" title="Special:BookSources/088064236X"><bdi>088064236X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=British+Security+Coordination%3A+The+Secret+History+of+British+Intelligence+in+the+Americas%2C+1940%E2%80%931945&rft.pub=Fromm+International&rft.date=1999-06-01&rft.isbn=088064236X&rft.aulast=Stevenson&rft.aufirst=William+Samuel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1940+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edition.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/1997/07/23/nazis/">"A Nazi Attempt To Influence U.S. Elections"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a></i>. July 23, 1997.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=A+Nazi+Attempt+To+Influence+U.S.+Elections&rft.date=1997-07-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2FALLPOLITICS%2F1997%2F07%2F23%2Fnazis%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1940+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works_cited">Works cited</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1940_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Works cited"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSherman1973" class="citation book cs1">Sherman, Richard (1973). <i>The Republican Party and Black America From McKinley to Hoover 1896-1933</i>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Virginia_Press" title="University of Virginia Press">University of Virginia Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0813904676" title="Special:BookSources/0813904676"><bdi>0813904676</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Republican+Party+and+Black+America+From+McKinley+to+Hoover+1896-1933&rft.pub=University+of+Virginia+Press&rft.date=1973&rft.isbn=0813904676&rft.aulast=Sherman&rft.aufirst=Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1940+United+States+presidential+election" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1940_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Barnard, Ellsworth . <i>Wendell Willkie: Fighter for Freedom</i> (1966)</li> <li>Bowen, Michael D. <i>The Roots of Modern Conservatism: Dewey, Taft, and the Battle for the Soul of the Republican Party</i> (U of North Carolina Press, 2011).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_MacGregor_Burns" title="James MacGregor Burns">Burns, James MacGregor</a>. <i>Roosevelt: The Lion and the Fox</i> (1956)</li> <li>Cole, Wayne S. <i>America First: The Battle against Intervention, 1940–41</i> (1953)</li> <li>Cole, Wayne S. <i>Charles A. Lindbergh and the Battle against American Intervention in World War II</i> (1974)</li> <li>Davies, Gareth, and Julian E. Zelizer, eds. <i>America at the Ballot Box: Elections and Political History</i> (2015) pp. 153–66.</li> <li>DeSilvio, David. <i>How Domestic Politics Influenced Foreign Policy in the 1940 Election: FDR, Domestic Politics, Foreign Policy, and the Election of 1940</i> (2008)</li> <li>Divine, Robert A. <i>Foreign policy and U.S. presidential elections, 1940-1948</i> (1974) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/foreignpolicyusp0000divi">online; pp 3–90 on 1940</a></li> <li>Doenecke, Justus D. <i>Storm on the Horizon: The Challenge to American Intervention, 1939–1941</i> (2000).</li> <li>Doenecke, Justus D. <i>The Battle Against Intervention, 1939–1941</i> (1997), includes short narrative and primary documents.</li> <li>Donahoe, Bernard F. <i>Private Plans and Public Dangers: The Story of FDR's Third Nomination</i> (University of Notre Dame Press, 1965).</li> <li>Dunn, Susan. <i>1940: FDR, Willkie, Lindbergh, Hitler-the Election Amid the Storm</i> (Yale UP, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/1940-Willkie-Lindbergh-Hitler-Election-ebook/dp/B00D6II2N0/">excerpt</a></li> <li>Evjen, Henry O. "The Willkie Campaign; An Unfortunate Chapter in Republican Leadership", <i>Journal of Politics</i> (1952) 14#2 pp. 241–56 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2126521">in JSTOR</a></li> <li>Gamm, Gerald H. <i>The making of the New Deal Democrats: Voting behavior and realignment in Boston, 1920-1940</i> (U of Chicago Press, 1989).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._Everett_Gleason" title="S. Everett Gleason">Gleason, S. Everett</a> and <a href="/wiki/William_L._Langer" title="William L. Langer">William L. Langer</a>. <i>The Undeclared War, 1940–1941</i> 1953 Policy toward war in Europe; pro FDR</li> <li>Grant, Philip A. Jr. "The Presidential Election of 1940 in Missouri." <i>Missouri Historical Review</i> 1988 83(1) pp 1–16. Abstract: Missouri serves as a good barometer of nationwide political sentiment; The two major political parties considered Missouri a key state in the 1940 presidential election. Wendell Willkie captured 64 of the state's 114 counties, but huge majorities in the urban counties carried the state for Franklin D. Roosevelt.</li> <li>Jeffries, John W. <i>A Third Term for FDR: The Election of 1940</i> (University Press of Kansas, 2017). xiv, 264 pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/Third-Term-FDR-Presidential-Elections/dp/0700624023/">excerpt</a></li> <li>Jensen, Richard. "The cities reelect Roosevelt: Ethnicity, religion, and class in 1940." <i>Ethnicity. An Interdisciplinary Journal of the Study of Ethnic Relations</i> (1981) 8#2 pp 189–195.</li> <li>Johnstone, Andrew, and Andrew Priest, eds. <i>US Presidential Elections and Foreign Policy: Candidates, Campaigns, and Global Politics from FDR to Bill Clinton</i> (2017) pp 19–39. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://muse.jhu.edu/book/50578/">online</a></li> <li>Jonas, Manfred. <i>Isolationism in America, 1935–1941</i> (1966).</li> <li>Katz, Daniel. "The public opinion polls and the 1940 election." <i>Public Opinion Quarterly</i> 5.1 (1941) 52–78.</li> <li>Lewis, David Levering. <i>The Improbable Wendell Willkie: The Businessman Who Saved the Republican Party and His Country, and Conceived a New World Order</i> (Liveright, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/Improbable-Wendell-Willkie-Businessman-Republican/dp/0871404575/">excerpt</a></li> <li>Luconi, Stefano. "Machine Politics and the Consolidation of the Roosevelt Majority: The Case of Italian Americans in Pittsburgh and Philadelphia." <i>Journal of American Ethnic History</i> (1996) 32–59. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/27502042">in JSTOR</a></li> <li>Madison, James H., ed. <i>Wendell Willkie: Hoosier Internationalist</i> (Indiana University Press, 1992) essays by experts.</li> <li>Moe, Richard. <i>Roosevelt's Second Act: The Election of 1940 and the Politics of War</i> (Oxford UP, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/Roosevelts-Second-Act-Election-Politics/dp/0199981914/">excerpt</a></li> <li>Neal, Steve. <i>Dark Horse: A Biography of Wendell Willkie</i> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Overacker" title="Louise Overacker">Overacker, Louise</a>. "Campaign finance in the Presidential Election of 1940." <i>American Political Science Review</i> 35.4 (1941): 701–727. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1948076">in JSTOR</a></li> <li>Parmet, Herbert S., and Marie B. Hecht. <i>Never again: A president runs for a third term</i> (1968).</li> <li>Peters, Charles. <i>Five Days in Philadelphia: 1940, Wendell Willkie, FDR and the Political Convention That Won World War II</i> (2006).</li> <li>Robinson, Edgar Eugene. <i>They Voted for Roosevelt: The Presidential Vote 1932-1944</i> (1947). Election returns by County for every state.</li> <li>Ross, Hugh. "John L. Lewis and the Election of 1940." <i>Labor History</i> 1976 17(2) 160–189. Abstract: The breach between John L. Lewis and Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1940 stemmed from domestic and foreign policy concerns. The struggle to organize the steel industry, and after 1938, business attempts to erode Walsh-Healy and the Fair Labor Standards Act provided the backdrop for the feud. But activities of Nazi agents, working through <a href="/wiki/William_Rhodes_Davis" title="William Rhodes Davis">William Rhodes Davis</a>, increased Lewis' suspicions of Roosevelt's <a href="/wiki/Interventionism_(politics)" title="Interventionism (politics)">interventionist foreign policy</a> and were important in the decision to support Wendell Willkie.</li> <li>Savage, Sean J. "The 1936-1944 Campaigns", in William D. Pederson, ed. <i>A Companion to Franklin D. Roosevelt</i> (2011) pp 96–113</li> <li>Schneider, James C. <i>Should America Go to War? The Debate over Foreign Policy in Chicago, 1939–1941</i> (1989)</li> <li>Schearer, Michael. "The Emergence of Wendell Willkie as the 1940 Republican Nominee." (SSRN 2019) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3465797">online</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Primary_sources">Primary sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1940_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Primary sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hadley_Cantril" title="Hadley Cantril">Cantril, Hadley</a> and Mildred Strunk, eds.; <i>Public Opinion, 1935–1946</i> (1951), massive compilation of many public opinion polls from USA <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/publicopinion19300unse">online</a></li> <li>Doenecke, Justus D. ed. <i>In Danger Undaunted: The Anti-Interventionist Movement of 1940–1941 as Revealed in the Papers of the America First Committee</i> (1990) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/Danger-Undaunted-Anti-Interventionist-Committee-Documentaries/dp/0817988424/">excerpt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Gallup" title="George Gallup">Gallup, George H.</a> ed. <i>The Gallup Poll, Volume One 1935–1948</i> (1972) statistical reports on each poll</li> <li>Chester, Edward W <i>A guide to political platforms</i> (1977) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/guidetopolitical0000ches">online</a></li> <li>Porter, Kirk H. and Donald Bruce Johnson, eds. <i>National party platforms, 1840-1964</i> (1965) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/nationalpartypla00port">online 1840-1956</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1940_United_States_presidential_election&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="clear: right; float:right;margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:115%">External videos</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/video/?188671-1/after-words-charles-peters"><i>After Words</i> interview with Charles Peters on <i>Five Days in Philadelphia</i>, September 3, 2005</a>, <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/video/?193154-3/five-days-philadelphia">Presentation by Peters on <i>Five Days in Philadelphia</i>, June 24, 2006</a>, <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></td></tr></tbody></table></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://geoelections.free.fr/USA/elec_comtes/1940.htm">1940 popular vote by counties</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303220738/http://www.countingthevotes.com/1940/">Election of 1940 in Counting the Votes</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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presidential elections"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_presidential_elections" title="Template talk:United States presidential elections"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_presidential_elections" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States presidential elections"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_presidential_elections584" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election" title="United States presidential election">United States presidential elections</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elections by year</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1788%E2%80%9389_United_States_presidential_election" title="1788–89 United States presidential election">1788–89</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1792_United_States_presidential_election" title="1792 United States presidential election">1792</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1796_United_States_presidential_election" title="1796 United States presidential election">1796</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1800_United_States_presidential_election" title="1800 United States presidential election">1800</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1804_United_States_presidential_election" title="1804 United States presidential election">1804</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1808_United_States_presidential_election" title="1808 United States presidential election">1808</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1812_United_States_presidential_election" title="1812 United States presidential election">1812</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1816_United_States_presidential_election" title="1816 United States presidential election">1816</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1820_United_States_presidential_election" title="1820 United States presidential election">1820</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1824_United_States_presidential_election" title="1824 United States presidential election">1824</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1828_United_States_presidential_election" title="1828 United States presidential election">1828</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1832_United_States_presidential_election" title="1832 United States presidential election">1832</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1836_United_States_presidential_election" title="1836 United States presidential election">1836</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1840_United_States_presidential_election" title="1840 United States presidential election">1840</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1844_United_States_presidential_election" title="1844 United States presidential election">1844</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1848_United_States_presidential_election" title="1848 United States presidential election">1848</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1852_United_States_presidential_election" title="1852 United States presidential election">1852</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1856_United_States_presidential_election" title="1856 United States presidential election">1856</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1860_United_States_presidential_election" title="1860 United States presidential election">1860</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1864_United_States_presidential_election" title="1864 United States presidential election">1864</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_United_States_presidential_election" title="1868 United States presidential election">1868</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_United_States_presidential_election" title="1872 United States presidential election">1872</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_United_States_presidential_election" title="1876 United States presidential election">1876</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_United_States_presidential_election" title="1880 United States presidential election">1880</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1884_United_States_presidential_election" title="1884 United States presidential election">1884</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election" title="1888 United States presidential election">1888</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1892_United_States_presidential_election" title="1892 United States presidential election">1892</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1896_United_States_presidential_election" title="1896 United States presidential election">1896</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1900_United_States_presidential_election" title="1900 United States presidential election">1900</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1904_United_States_presidential_election" title="1904 United States presidential election">1904</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1908_United_States_presidential_election" title="1908 United States presidential election">1908</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1912_United_States_presidential_election" title="1912 United States presidential election">1912</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1916_United_States_presidential_election" title="1916 United States presidential election">1916</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1920_United_States_presidential_election" title="1920 United States presidential election">1920</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1924_United_States_presidential_election" title="1924 United States presidential election">1924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1928_United_States_presidential_election" title="1928 United States presidential election">1928</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_United_States_presidential_election" title="1932 United States presidential election">1932</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936_United_States_presidential_election" title="1936 United States presidential election">1936</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1940</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_United_States_presidential_election" title="1944 United States presidential election">1944</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948_United_States_presidential_election" title="1948 United States presidential election">1948</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_United_States_presidential_election" title="1952 United States presidential election">1952</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election" title="1956 United States presidential election">1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_presidential_election" title="1960 United States presidential election">1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_United_States_presidential_election" title="1964 United States presidential election">1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_United_States_presidential_election" title="1968 United States presidential election">1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_United_States_presidential_election" title="1972 United States presidential election">1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_United_States_presidential_election" title="1976 United States presidential election">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election" title="1980 United States presidential election">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_United_States_presidential_election" title="1984 United States presidential election">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_United_States_presidential_election" title="1988 United States presidential election">1988</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_election" title="1992 United States presidential election">1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_election" title="1996 United States presidential election">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_presidential_election" title="2000 United States presidential election">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_presidential_election" title="2004 United States presidential election">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="2008 United States presidential election">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_presidential_election" title="2012 United States presidential election">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="2020 United States presidential election">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election" title="2024 United States presidential election">2024</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2028_United_States_presidential_election" title="2028 United States presidential election"><i>2028</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_by_participation_in_United_States_presidential_elections" title="List of states by participation in United States presidential elections">Elections by state</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Alabama" title="United States presidential elections in Alabama">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Alaska" title="United States presidential elections in Alaska">Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Arizona" title="United States presidential elections in Arizona">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Arkansas" title="United States presidential elections in Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_California" title="United States presidential elections in California">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Colorado" title="United States presidential elections in Colorado">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Connecticut" title="United States presidential elections in Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Delaware" title="United States presidential elections in Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_the_District_of_Columbia" title="United States presidential elections in the District of Columbia">District of Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Florida" title="United States presidential elections in Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Georgia" title="United States presidential elections in Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Hawaii" title="United States presidential elections in Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Idaho" title="United States presidential elections in Idaho">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Illinois" title="United States presidential elections in Illinois">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Indiana" title="United States presidential elections in Indiana">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Iowa" title="United States presidential elections in Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Kansas" title="United States presidential elections in Kansas">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Kentucky" title="United States presidential elections in Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Louisiana" title="United States presidential elections in Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Maine" title="United States presidential elections in Maine">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Maryland" title="United States presidential elections in Maryland">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Massachusetts" title="United States presidential elections in Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Michigan" title="United States presidential elections in Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Minnesota" title="United States presidential elections in Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Mississippi" title="United States presidential elections in Mississippi">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Missouri" title="United States presidential elections in Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Montana" title="United States presidential elections in Montana">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Nebraska" title="United States presidential elections in Nebraska">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Nevada" title="United States presidential elections in Nevada">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_New_Hampshire" title="United States presidential elections in New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_New_Jersey" title="United States presidential elections in New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_New_Mexico" title="United States presidential elections in New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_New_York" title="United States presidential elections in New York">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_North_Carolina" title="United States presidential elections in North Carolina">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_North_Dakota" title="United States presidential elections in North Dakota">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Ohio" title="United States presidential elections in Ohio">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Oklahoma" title="United States presidential elections in Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Oregon" title="United States presidential elections in Oregon">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Pennsylvania" title="United States presidential elections in Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Rhode_Island" title="United States presidential elections in Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_South_Carolina" title="United States presidential elections in South Carolina">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_South_Dakota" title="United States presidential elections in South Dakota">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Tennessee" title="United States presidential elections in Tennessee">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Texas" title="United States presidential elections in Texas">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Utah" title="United States presidential elections in Utah">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Vermont" title="United States presidential elections in Vermont">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Virginia" title="United States presidential elections in Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Washington_(state)" title="United States presidential elections in Washington (state)">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_West_Virginia" title="United States presidential elections in West Virginia">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Wisconsin" title="United States presidential elections in Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_elections_in_Wyoming" title="United States presidential elections in Wyoming">Wyoming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_primary" title="United States presidential primary">Primaries and caucuses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iowa_caucuses" title="Iowa caucuses">Iowa caucuses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire_presidential_primary" title="New Hampshire presidential primary">New Hampshire presidential primary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevada_presidential_caucuses" title="Nevada presidential caucuses">Nevada presidential caucuses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina_presidential_primary" title="South Carolina presidential primary">South Carolina presidential primary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_Tuesday" title="Super Tuesday">Super Tuesday</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_nominating_convention" title="United States presidential nominating convention">Nominating conventions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidential_nominating_conventions_in_the_United_States" title="List of presidential nominating conventions in the United States">List of nominating conventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brokered_convention" title="Brokered convention">Brokered convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_bounce" title="Convention bounce">Convention bounce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superdelegate" title="Superdelegate">Superdelegate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Electoral_College" title="United States Electoral College">Electoral College</a><br />and popular vote</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Results <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_summary" class="mw-redirect" title="United States presidential election summary">summary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_elections_in_which_the_winner_lost_the_popular_vote" title="List of United States presidential elections in which the winner lost the popular vote">elections in which the winner lost the popular vote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_elections_by_Electoral_College_margin" title="List of United States presidential elections by Electoral College margin">Electoral College margins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_election_results_by_state" title="List of United States presidential election results by state">Electoral College results by state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_vote_changes_between_United_States_presidential_elections" title="Electoral vote changes between United States presidential elections">electoral vote changes between elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_who_received_an_electoral_vote_in_the_United_States_Electoral_College" title="List of people who received an electoral vote in the United States Electoral College">electoral vote recipients</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_candidates_by_number_of_votes_received" title="List of United States presidential candidates by number of votes received">popular votes received</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_elections_by_popular_vote_margin" title="List of United States presidential elections by popular vote margin">popular-vote margins</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_Count_Act" title="Electoral Count Act">Electoral Count Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Certificate_of_ascertainment" title="Certificate of ascertainment">Certificate of ascertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Certificate_of_vote" class="mw-redirect" title="Certificate of vote">Certificate of vote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contingent_election" title="Contingent election">Contingent election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faithless_elector" title="Faithless elector">Faithless elector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unpledged_elector" title="Unpledged elector">Unpledged elector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voter_turnout_in_United_States_presidential_elections" title="Voter turnout in United States presidential elections">Voter turnout</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._presidential_campaign_slogans" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. presidential campaign slogans">Campaign slogans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polling_for_United_States_presidential_elections" title="Polling for United States presidential elections">Historical election polling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Election_Day_(United_States)" title="Election Day (United States)">Election Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_major_party_presidential_tickets" title="List of United States major party presidential tickets">Major party tickets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_unsuccessful_major_party_candidates_for_President_of_the_United_States" title="List of unsuccessful major party candidates for President of the United States">Major party losers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_debates" title="United States presidential debates">Presidential debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_surprise" title="October surprise">October surprise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_states_and_blue_states" title="Red states and blue states">Red states and blue states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swing_state" title="Swing state">Swing state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tipping-point_state" title="Tipping-point state">Tipping-point state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Election_recount" title="Election recount">Election recount</a> (<a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_presidential_election_recount_in_Florida" title="2000 United States presidential election recount in Florida">2000</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_straw_polls_in_Guam" title="United States presidential straw polls in Guam">Guam straw poll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_straw_polls_in_Puerto_Rico" title="United States presidential straw polls in Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico straw poll</a></li> <li>Vice presidential confirmations: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1973_United_States_vice_presidential_confirmation" title="1973 United States vice presidential confirmation">1973</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_United_States_vice_presidential_confirmation" title="1974 United States vice presidential confirmation">1974</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="Template:United States House of Representatives elections">House elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_Senate_elections" title="Template:United States Senate elections">Senate elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_gubernatorial_elections" title="Template:United States gubernatorial elections">Gubernatorial elections</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="(1939_←)_1940_United_States_elections_(→_1941)530" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1940_United_States_elections" title="Template:1940 United States elections"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1940_United_States_elections" title="Template talk:1940 United States elections"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1940_United_States_elections" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1940 United States elections"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="(1939_←)_1940_United_States_elections_(→_1941)530" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">(<a href="/wiki/1939_United_States_elections" title="1939 United States elections">1939 ←</a>)   <a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_elections" title="1940 United States elections">1940 United States elections</a>   (<a href="/w/index.php?title=1941_United_States_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1941 United States elections (page does not exist)">→ 1941</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">U.S.<br />President</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Alabama" title="1940 United States presidential election in Alabama">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Arizona" title="1940 United States presidential election in Arizona">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Arkansas" title="1940 United States presidential election in Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_California" title="1940 United States presidential election in California">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Colorado" title="1940 United States presidential election in Colorado">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Connecticut" title="1940 United States presidential election in Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Delaware" title="1940 United States presidential election in Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Florida" title="1940 United States presidential election in Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Georgia" title="1940 United States presidential election in Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Idaho" title="1940 United States presidential election in Idaho">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Illinois" title="1940 United States presidential election in Illinois">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Indiana" title="1940 United States presidential election in Indiana">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Iowa" title="1940 United States presidential election in Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Kansas" title="1940 United States presidential election in Kansas">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Kentucky" title="1940 United States presidential election in Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Louisiana" title="1940 United States presidential election in Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Maine" title="1940 United States presidential election in Maine">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Maryland" title="1940 United States presidential election in Maryland">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1940 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Michigan" title="1940 United States presidential election in Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Minnesota" title="1940 United States presidential election in Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Mississippi" title="1940 United States presidential election in Mississippi">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Missouri" title="1940 United States presidential election in Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Montana" title="1940 United States presidential election in Montana">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Nebraska" title="1940 United States presidential election in Nebraska">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Nevada" title="1940 United States presidential election in Nevada">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Hampshire" title="1940 United States presidential election in New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Jersey" title="1940 United States presidential election in New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Mexico" title="1940 United States presidential election in New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_York" title="1940 United States presidential election in New York">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_North_Carolina" title="1940 United States presidential election in North Carolina">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_North_Dakota" title="1940 United States presidential election in North Dakota">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Ohio" title="1940 United States presidential election in Ohio">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Oklahoma" title="1940 United States presidential election in Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Oregon" title="1940 United States presidential election in Oregon">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Pennsylvania" title="1940 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Rhode_Island" title="1940 United States presidential election in Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_South_Carolina" title="1940 United States presidential election in South Carolina">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_South_Dakota" title="1940 United States presidential election in South Dakota">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Tennessee" title="1940 United States presidential election in Tennessee">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Texas" title="1940 United States presidential election in Texas">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Utah" title="1940 United States presidential election in Utah">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Vermont" title="1940 United States presidential election in Vermont">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Virginia" title="1940 United States presidential election in Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Washington_(state)" title="1940 United States presidential election in Washington (state)">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_West_Virginia" title="1940 United States presidential election in West Virginia">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Wisconsin" title="1940 United States presidential election in Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Wyoming" title="1940 United States presidential election in Wyoming">Wyoming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_elections" title="1940 United States Senate elections">U.S. Senate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_Arizona" title="1940 United States Senate election in Arizona">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_California" title="1940 United States Senate election in California">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_Connecticut" title="1940 United States Senate election in Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_Delaware" title="1940 United States Senate election in Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_Florida" title="1940 United States Senate election in Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_special_election_in_Idaho" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States Senate special election in Idaho">Idaho (Special)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_special_election_in_Illinois" title="1940 United States Senate special election in Illinois">Illinois (Special)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_Indiana" title="1940 United States Senate election in Indiana">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_special_election_in_Kentucky" title="1940 United States Senate special election in Kentucky">Kentucky (Special)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_Maine" title="1940 United States Senate election in Maine">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_Maryland" title="1940 United States Senate election in Maryland">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1940 United States Senate election in Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_Michigan" title="1940 United States Senate election in Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_Minnesota" title="1940 United States Senate election in Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_Mississippi" title="1940 United States Senate election in Mississippi">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_Missouri" title="1940 United States Senate election in Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_Montana" title="1940 United States Senate election in Montana">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_Nebraska" title="1940 United States Senate election in Nebraska">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_Nevada" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States Senate election in Nevada">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_New_Jersey" title="1940 United States Senate election in New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_New_Mexico" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States Senate election in New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_New_York" title="1940 United States Senate election in New York">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_North_Dakota" title="1940 United States Senate election in North Dakota">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_Ohio" title="1940 United States Senate election in Ohio">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_Pennsylvania" title="1940 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_Rhode_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States Senate election in Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_Tennessee" title="1940 United States Senate election in Tennessee">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_Texas" title="1940 United States Senate election in Texas">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_Utah" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States Senate election in Utah">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_Vermont" title="1940 United States Senate election in Vermont">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_special_election_in_Vermont" title="1940 United States Senate special election in Vermont">Vermont (Special)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_Virginia" title="1940 United States Senate election in Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_Washington" title="1940 United States Senate election in Washington">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_West_Virginia" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States Senate election in West Virginia">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_Wisconsin" title="1940 United States Senate election in Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_election_in_Wyoming" title="1940 United States Senate election in Wyoming">Wyoming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections">U.S. House of<br />Representatives</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Alabama" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in Alabama">Alabama</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1940_Alabama%27s_7th_congressional_district_special_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 Alabama's 7th congressional district special election">7th sp</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_Arizona" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives election in Arizona">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_California" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in California">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in Colorado">Colorado</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1940_Colorado%27s_3rd_congressional_district_special_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 Colorado's 3rd congressional district special election">3rd sp</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Connecticut" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_Delaware" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives election in Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Florida" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in Georgia">Georgia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1940_Georgia%27s_8th_congressional_district_special_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 Georgia's 8th congressional district special election">8th sp</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_Hawaii_Territory" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives election in Hawaii Territory">Hawaii Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Idaho" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in Idaho">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Illinois" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in Illinois">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Indiana" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in Indiana">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Iowa" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in Iowa">Iowa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1940_Iowa%27s_6th_congressional_district_special_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 Iowa's 6th congressional district special election">6th sp</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Kansas" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in Kansas">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Kentucky" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Louisiana" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Maine" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in Maine">Maine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1940_Maine%27s_2nd_congressional_district_special_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 Maine's 2nd congressional district special election">2nd sp</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in Maryland">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Michigan" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan">Michigan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1940_Michigan%27s_5th_congressional_district_special_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 Michigan's 5th congressional district special election">5th sp</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Minnesota" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Mississippi" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in Mississippi">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Missouri" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Montana" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in Montana">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Nebraska" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in Nebraska">Nebraska</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1940_Nebraska%27s_1st_congressional_district_special_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 Nebraska's 1st congressional district special election">1st sp</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_Nevada" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives election in Nevada">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_New_Hampshire" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_New_Jersey" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_New_Mexico" title="1940 United States House of Representatives election in New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in New York">New York</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1940_New_York%27s_14th_congressional_district_special_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 New York's 14th congressional district special election">14th sp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_New_York%27s_22nd_congressional_district_special_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 New York's 22nd congressional district special election">22nd sp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_New_York%27s_31st_congressional_district_special_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 New York's 31st congressional district special election">31st sp</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_North_Carolina" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in North Carolina">North Carolina</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1940_North_Carolina%27s_1st_congressional_district_special_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 North Carolina's 1st congressional district special election">1st sp</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_North_Dakota" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives election in North Dakota">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Ohio" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in Ohio">Ohio</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1940_Ohio%27s_17th_congressional_district_special_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 Ohio's 17th congressional district special election">7th sp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Ohio%27s_22nd_congressional_district_special_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 Ohio's 22nd congressional district special election">22nd sp</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Oklahoma" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Oregon" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in Oregon">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Pennsylvania" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Rhode_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_South_Carolina" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in South Carolina">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_South_Dakota" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in South Dakota">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Tennessee" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee">Tennessee</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1940_Tennessee%27s_9th_congressional_district_special_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 Tennessee's 9th congressional district special election">9th (sp)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in Texas">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Utah" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in Utah">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_Vermont" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives election in Vermont">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Virginia" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Washington" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in Washington">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_West_Virginia" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in West Virginia">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections in Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_Wyoming" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States House of Representatives election in Wyoming">Wyoming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_gubernatorial_elections" title="1940 United States gubernatorial elections">Gubernatorial</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1940_Arizona_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 Arizona gubernatorial election">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Arkansas_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 Arkansas gubernatorial election">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Colorado_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 Colorado gubernatorial election">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Connecticut_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 Connecticut gubernatorial election">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Delaware_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 Delaware gubernatorial election">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Florida_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 Florida gubernatorial election">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Georgia_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 Georgia gubernatorial election">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Idaho_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 Idaho gubernatorial election">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Illinois_gubernatorial_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 Illinois gubernatorial election">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Indiana_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 Indiana gubernatorial election">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Iowa_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 Iowa gubernatorial election">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Kansas_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 Kansas gubernatorial election">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Louisiana_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 Louisiana gubernatorial election">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Maine_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 Maine gubernatorial election">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Massachusetts_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 Massachusetts gubernatorial election">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Michigan_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 Michigan gubernatorial election">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Minnesota_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 Minnesota gubernatorial election">Minnesota</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1940_Minnesota_lieutenant_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 Minnesota lieutenant gubernatorial election">Lt. Gov</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Missouri_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 Missouri gubernatorial election">Missouri</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1940_Missouri_lieutenant_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 Missouri lieutenant gubernatorial election">Lt. Gov</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Montana_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 Montana gubernatorial election">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Nebraska_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 Nebraska gubernatorial election">Nebraska</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1940_Nebraska_lieutenant_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 Nebraska lieutenant gubernatorial election">Lt. Gov</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_New_Hampshire_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 New Hampshire gubernatorial election">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_New_Jersey_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 New Jersey gubernatorial election">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_New_Mexico_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 New Mexico gubernatorial election">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_North_Carolina_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 North Carolina gubernatorial election">North Carolina</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1940_North_Carolina_lieutenant_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 North Carolina lieutenant gubernatorial election">Lt. Gov</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_North_Dakota_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 North Dakota gubernatorial election">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Ohio_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 Ohio gubernatorial election">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Rhode_Island_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 Rhode Island gubernatorial election">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_South_Dakota_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 South Dakota gubernatorial election">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Tennessee_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 Tennessee gubernatorial election">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Texas_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 Texas gubernatorial election">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Utah_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 Utah gubernatorial election">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Vermont_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 Vermont gubernatorial election">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Washington_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 Washington gubernatorial election">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_West_Virginia_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 West Virginia gubernatorial election">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Wisconsin_gubernatorial_election" title="1940 Wisconsin gubernatorial election">Wisconsin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_state_legislature_elections_in_the_United_States" title="Category:1940 state legislature elections in the United States">State<br />legislatures</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1940_Iowa_Senate_election" title="1940 Iowa Senate election">Iowa Senate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Alabama_elections" title="Category:1940 Alabama elections">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Arizona_elections" title="Category:1940 Arizona elections">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Arkansas_elections" title="Category:1940 Arkansas elections">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_California_elections" title="Category:1940 California elections">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Colorado_elections" title="Category:1940 Colorado elections">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Connecticut_elections" title="Category:1940 Connecticut elections">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Delaware_elections" title="Category:1940 Delaware elections">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Florida_elections" title="Category:1940 Florida elections">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Georgia_(U.S._state)_elections" title="Category:1940 Georgia (U.S. state) elections">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Idaho_elections" title="Category:1940 Idaho elections">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Illinois_elections" title="Category:1940 Illinois elections">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Indiana_elections" title="Category:1940 Indiana elections">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Iowa_elections" title="Category:1940 Iowa elections">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Kansas_elections" title="Category:1940 Kansas elections">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Kentucky_elections" title="Category:1940 Kentucky elections">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Louisiana_elections" title="Category:1940 Louisiana elections">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Maine_elections" title="Category:1940 Maine elections">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Maryland_elections" title="Category:1940 Maryland elections">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Massachusetts_elections" title="Category:1940 Massachusetts elections">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Michigan_elections" title="Category:1940 Michigan elections">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Minnesota_elections" title="Category:1940 Minnesota elections">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Mississippi_elections" title="Category:1940 Mississippi elections">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Missouri_elections" title="Category:1940 Missouri elections">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Montana_elections" title="Category:1940 Montana elections">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Nebraska_elections" title="Category:1940 Nebraska elections">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Nevada_elections" title="Category:1940 Nevada elections">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_New_Hampshire_elections" title="Category:1940 New Hampshire elections">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_New_Jersey_elections" title="Category:1940 New Jersey elections">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_New_Mexico_elections" title="Category:1940 New Mexico elections">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_New_York_(state)_elections" title="Category:1940 New York (state) elections">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_North_Carolina_elections" title="Category:1940 North Carolina elections">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_North_Dakota_elections" title="Category:1940 North Dakota elections">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Ohio_elections" title="Category:1940 Ohio elections">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Oklahoma_elections" title="Category:1940 Oklahoma elections">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Oregon_elections" title="Category:1940 Oregon elections">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Pennsylvania_elections" title="Category:1940 Pennsylvania elections">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Puerto_Rican_general_election" title="1940 Puerto Rican general election">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Rhode_Island_elections" title="Category:1940 Rhode Island elections">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_South_Carolina_elections" title="Category:1940 South Carolina elections">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_South_Dakota_elections" title="Category:1940 South Dakota elections">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Tennessee_elections" title="Category:1940 Tennessee elections">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Texas_elections" title="Category:1940 Texas elections">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Utah_elections" title="Category:1940 Utah elections">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Vermont_elections" title="Category:1940 Vermont elections">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Virginia_elections" title="Category:1940 Virginia elections">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Washington_(state)_elections" title="Category:1940 Washington (state) elections">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_West_Virginia_elections" title="Category:1940 West Virginia elections">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Wisconsin_elections" title="Category:1940 Wisconsin elections">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_Wyoming_elections" title="Category:1940 Wyoming elections">Wyoming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="(←_1936)_1940_United_States_presidential_election_(→_1944)537" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1940_United_States_presidential_election" title="Template:1940 United States presidential election"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1940_United_States_presidential_election" title="Template talk:1940 United States presidential election"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1940_United_States_presidential_election" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1940 United States presidential election"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="(←_1936)_1940_United_States_presidential_election_(→_1944)537" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">(<a href="/wiki/1936_United_States_presidential_election" title="1936 United States presidential election">← 1936</a>) <a class="mw-selflink selflink">1940 United States presidential election</a> (<a href="/wiki/1944_United_States_presidential_election" title="1944 United States presidential election">→ 1944</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right;font-weight:normal;;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #3333FF;"><b><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a></b><br />(<a href="/wiki/1940_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1940 Democratic National Convention">Convention</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nominees</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>President: <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a></b> (incumbent)</li> <li><b>Vice President: <a href="/wiki/Henry_A._Wallace" title="Henry A. Wallace">Henry A. Wallace</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Farley" title="James Farley">James Farley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Nance_Garner" title="John Nance Garner">John Nance Garner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cordell_Hull" title="Cordell Hull">Cordell Hull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millard_Tydings" title="Millard Tydings">Millard Tydings</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right;font-weight:normal;;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #E81B23;"><b><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a></b><br />(<a href="/wiki/1940_Republican_National_Convention" title="1940 Republican National Convention">Convention</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nominees</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>President: <a href="/wiki/Wendell_Willkie" title="Wendell Willkie">Wendell Willkie</a></b></li> <li><b>Vice President: <a href="/wiki/Charles_L._McNary" title="Charles L. McNary">Charles L. McNary</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Styles_Bridges" title="Styles Bridges">Styles Bridges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_E._Dewey" title="Thomas E. Dewey">Thomas Dewey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Gannett" title="Frank Gannett">Frank Gannett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_James_(politician)" title="Arthur James (politician)">Arthur James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_A._Taft" title="Robert A. Taft">Robert Taft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Vandenberg" title="Arthur Vandenberg">Arthur Vandenberg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Third-party_and_independent_candidates234" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Third_party_(U.S._politics)" title="Third party (U.S. politics)">Third-party</a> and <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">independent</a> candidates</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FF00FF;"><a href="/wiki/Prohibition_Party" title="Prohibition Party">Prohibition Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Roger_Babson" title="Roger Babson">Roger Babson</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #CD3700;"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_America" title="Socialist Party of America">Socialist Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Norman_Thomas" title="Norman Thomas">Norman Thomas</a></b></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Maynard_C._Krueger" title="Maynard C. Krueger">Maynard C. Krueger</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #DD051D;"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Labor_Party_of_America" title="Socialist Labor Party of America">Socialist Labor Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/John_W._Aiken" title="John W. Aiken">John W. Aiken</a></b></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aaron_M._Orange&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aaron M. Orange (page does not exist)">Aaron M. Orange</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #DDDDBB;">Independents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Gracie_Allen" title="Gracie Allen">Gracie Allen</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b>Other 1940 elections</b>: <a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1940 United States House of Representatives elections">House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Senate_elections" title="1940 United States Senate elections">Senate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="State_and_district_results_of_the_1940_United_States_presidential_election119" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:State_results_of_the_1940_U.S._presidential_election" title="Template:State results of the 1940 U.S. presidential election"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:State_results_of_the_1940_U.S._presidential_election" title="Template talk:State results of the 1940 U.S. presidential election"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:State_results_of_the_1940_U.S._presidential_election" title="Special:EditPage/Template:State results of the 1940 U.S. presidential election"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="State_and_district_results_of_the_1940_United_States_presidential_election119" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">State and district results of the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">1940 United States presidential election</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Alabama" title="1940 United States presidential election in Alabama">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Arizona" title="1940 United States presidential election in Arizona">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Arkansas" title="1940 United States presidential election in Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_California" title="1940 United States presidential election in California">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Colorado" title="1940 United States presidential election in Colorado">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Connecticut" title="1940 United States presidential election in Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Delaware" title="1940 United States presidential election in Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Florida" title="1940 United States presidential election in Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Georgia" title="1940 United States presidential election in Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Idaho" title="1940 United States presidential election in Idaho">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Illinois" title="1940 United States presidential election in Illinois">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Indiana" title="1940 United States presidential election in Indiana">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Iowa" title="1940 United States presidential election in Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Kansas" title="1940 United States presidential election in Kansas">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Kentucky" title="1940 United States presidential election in Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Louisiana" title="1940 United States presidential election in Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Maine" title="1940 United States presidential election in Maine">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Maryland" title="1940 United States presidential election in Maryland">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1940 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Michigan" title="1940 United States presidential election in Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Minnesota" title="1940 United States presidential election in Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Mississippi" title="1940 United States presidential election in Mississippi">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Missouri" title="1940 United States presidential election in Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Montana" title="1940 United States presidential election in Montana">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Nebraska" title="1940 United States presidential election in Nebraska">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Nevada" title="1940 United States presidential election in Nevada">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Hampshire" title="1940 United States presidential election in New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Jersey" title="1940 United States presidential election in New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Mexico" title="1940 United States presidential election in New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_York" title="1940 United States presidential election in New York">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_North_Carolina" title="1940 United States presidential election in North Carolina">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_North_Dakota" title="1940 United States presidential election in North Dakota">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Ohio" title="1940 United States presidential election in Ohio">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Oklahoma" title="1940 United States presidential election in Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Oregon" title="1940 United States presidential election in Oregon">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Pennsylvania" title="1940 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Rhode_Island" title="1940 United States presidential election in Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_South_Carolina" title="1940 United States presidential election in South Carolina">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_South_Dakota" title="1940 United States presidential election in South Dakota">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Tennessee" title="1940 United States presidential election in Tennessee">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Texas" title="1940 United States presidential election in Texas">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Utah" title="1940 United States presidential election in Utah">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Vermont" title="1940 United States presidential election in Vermont">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Virginia" title="1940 United States presidential election in Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Washington_(state)" title="1940 United States presidential election in Washington (state)">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_West_Virginia" title="1940 United States presidential election in West Virginia">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Wisconsin" title="1940 United States presidential election in Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Wyoming" title="1940 United States presidential election in Wyoming">Wyoming</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px;padding-left:1.5em;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ElectoralCollege1940.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Electoral map, 1940 election"><img alt="Electoral map, 1940 election" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/ElectoralCollege1940.svg/150px-ElectoralCollege1940.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/ElectoralCollege1940.svg/225px-ElectoralCollege1940.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/ElectoralCollege1940.svg/300px-ElectoralCollege1940.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1020" data-file-height="593" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Franklin_D._Roosevelt1081" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Template:Franklin D. Roosevelt"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Template talk:Franklin D. Roosevelt"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Franklin D. Roosevelt"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Franklin_D._Roosevelt1081" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">32nd</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> (1933–1945)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_New_York" title="List of governors of New York">44th</a> <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_New_York" title="Governor of New York">Governor of New York</a> (1929–1932)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Navy" class="mw-redirect" title="Assistant Secretary of the Navy">Assistant Secretary of the Navy</a> (1913–1920)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_state_senators" title="List of New York state senators">New York State Senator</a> (1911–1913)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt">Presidency</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Franklin_D._Roosevelt_presidency" title="Timeline of the Franklin D. Roosevelt presidency">timeline</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Presidential transition of Franklin D. Roosevelt">Transition</a></li> <li>Inaugurations (<a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="First inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt">1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Second inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_inauguration_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Third inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_inauguration_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Fourth inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt">4th)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt,_first_and_second_terms" title="Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, first and second terms">First and second terms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt,_third_and_fourth_terms" title="Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, third and fourth terms">Third and fourth terms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_Franklin_D._Roosevelt_administration" title="Foreign policy of the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration">Foreign policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Deal" title="New Deal">New Deal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:New_Deal" title="Template:New Deal">overview</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Deal_coalition" title="New Deal coalition">New Deal coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_100_days_of_the_Franklin_D._Roosevelt_presidency" class="mw-redirect" title="First 100 days of the Franklin D. Roosevelt presidency">First 100 days</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_New_Deal" title="Second New Deal">Second New Deal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Emergency_Relief_Administration" title="Federal Emergency Relief Administration">Federal Emergency Relief Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civilian_Conservation_Corps" title="Civilian Conservation Corps">Civilian Conservation Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agricultural_Adjustment_Act" title="Agricultural Adjustment Act">Agricultural Adjustment Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_Banking_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Emergency Banking Act">Emergency Banking Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal-Aid_Highway_Act_of_1944" title="Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1944">Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1944</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_and_Wildlife_Coordination_Act" title="Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act">Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Valley_Authority" title="Tennessee Valley Authority">Tennessee Valley Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Labor_Relations_Act_of_1935" title="National Labor Relations Act of 1935">National Labor Relations Act of 1935</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Industrial_Recovery_Act_of_1933" title="National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933">National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Public_Works_Administration" title="Public Works Administration">Public Works Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Recovery_Administration" title="National Recovery Administration">National Recovery Administration</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Works_Progress_Administration" title="Works Progress Administration">Works Progress Administration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Youth_Administration" title="National Youth Administration">National Youth Administration</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Security_Act" title="Social Security Act">Social Security Act</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aid_to_Families_with_Dependent_Children" title="Aid to Families with Dependent Children">Aid to Families with Dependent Children</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_Act_of_1934" title="Communications Act of 1934">Communications Act of 1934</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Communications_Commission" title="Federal Communications Commission">Federal Communications Commission</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Securities_and_Exchange_Commission" title="U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission">Securities and Exchange Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_6102" title="Executive Order 6102">Monetary gold ownership</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gold_Reserve_Act" title="Gold Reserve Act">Gold Reserve Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_6814" title="Executive Order 6814">Silver seizure</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt_and_civil_rights" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt and civil rights">Record on civil rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_8802" title="Executive Order 8802">Defense industry non-discrimination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fair_Employment_Practice_Committee" title="Fair Employment Practice Committee">Fair Employment Practice Committee</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Reorganization_Act" title="Indian Reorganization Act">Indian Reorganization Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_9066" title="Executive Order 9066">Executive Orders 9066,</a><a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_9102" title="Executive Order 9102"> 9102</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_Relocation_Authority" title="War Relocation Authority">War Relocation Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internment_of_Japanese_Americans" title="Internment of Japanese Americans">Japanese American internment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internment_of_German_Americans" title="Internment of German Americans">German-American internment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internment_of_Italian_Americans" title="Internment of Italian Americans">Italian-American internment</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brownlow_Committee" title="Brownlow Committee">Brownlow Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Office_of_the_President_of_the_United_States#History" title="Executive Office of the President of the United States">Executive Office of the President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.I._Bill" title="G.I. Bill">G.I. Bill of Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cullen%E2%80%93Harrison_Act" title="Cullen–Harrison Act">Cullen–Harrison Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roerich_Pact" title="Roerich Pact">Roerich Pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Freedoms" title="Four Freedoms">Four Freedoms</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Four_Freedoms_Monument" title="Four Freedoms Monument">Four Freedoms Monument</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Cabinet" title="Black Cabinet">Black Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson%27s_Birthday" title="Jefferson's Birthday">Jefferson's Birthday holiday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Memorial" title="Jefferson Memorial">Jefferson Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judicial_Procedures_Reform_Bill_of_1937" title="Judicial Procedures Reform Bill of 1937">Judicial Court-Packing Bill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_policy_of_the_Franklin_D._Roosevelt_administration" title="Cannabis policy of the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration">Cannabis policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="List of federal judges appointed by Franklin D. Roosevelt">Federal Judicial appointments</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt_Supreme_Court_candidates" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt Supreme Court candidates">Supreme Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harlan_F._Stone_Supreme_Court_nomination" class="mw-redirect" title="Harlan F. Stone Supreme Court nomination">Harlan F. Stone Supreme Court nomination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiley_Rutledge_Supreme_Court_nomination" title="Wiley Rutledge Supreme Court nomination">Wiley Rutledge Supreme Court nomination</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:FD_Roosevelt_cabinet" title="Template:FD Roosevelt cabinet">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brain_trust#Roosevelt's_"Brain_Trust"" title="Brain trust">"Brain Trust"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_of_Dimes" title="March of Dimes">March of Dimes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oval_Office#Modern_Oval_Office:_1934–present" title="Oval Office">Modern Oval Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunshine_Special_(automobile)" title="Sunshine Special (automobile)">Official car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Criticism of Franklin D. Roosevelt">Criticism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Franksgiving" title="Franksgiving">Franksgiving</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Franklin_Delano_Roosevelt/Executive_orders" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Author:Franklin Delano Roosevelt/Executive orders">Executive Orders</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Franklin_Delano_Roosevelt/Presidential_Proclamations" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Author:Franklin Delano Roosevelt/Presidential Proclamations">Presidential Proclamations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_Franklin_D._Roosevelt_administration" title="Foreign policy of the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration">Presidential<br />foreign policy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banana_Wars" title="Banana Wars">Banana Wars</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_occupation_of_Nicaragua" title="United States occupation of Nicaragua">U.S. occupation of Nicaragua, 1912–1933</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_occupation_of_Haiti" title="United States occupation of Haiti">U.S. occupation of Haiti, 1915–1934</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_Neighbor_policy" title="Good Neighbor policy">Good Neighbor Policy (1933–1945)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montevideo_Convention" title="Montevideo Convention">Montevideo Convention (1933)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_London_Naval_Treaty" title="Second London Naval Treaty">Second London Naval Treaty (1936)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ABCD_line" title="ABCD line">ABCD line (1940)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Export_Control_Act" title="Export Control Act">Export Control Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Policemen" title="Four Policemen">Four Policemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destroyers-for-bases_deal" title="Destroyers-for-bases deal">Destroyers-for-bases deal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lend-Lease" title="Lend-Lease">Lend-Lease</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selective_Training_and_Service_Act_of_1940" title="Selective Training and Service Act of 1940">1940 Selective Service Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hull_note" title="Hull note">Hull note</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Charter" title="Atlantic Charter">Atlantic Charter (1941)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_United_States_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of the United States during World War II">Military history of the United States during World War II</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Home_front_during_World_War_II" title="Home front during World War II">Home front during World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combined_Munitions_Assignments_Board" title="Combined Munitions Assignments Board">Combined Munitions Assignments Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_Production_Board" title="War Production Board">War Production Board</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_by_United_Nations" title="Declaration by United Nations">Declaration by United Nations (1942)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dumbarton_Oaks_Conference" title="Dumbarton Oaks Conference">Dumbarton Oaks Conference</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Allied_World_War_II_conferences" title="List of Allied World War II conferences">World War II conferences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quebec_Agreement" title="Quebec Agreement">Quebec Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europe_first" title="Europe first">Europe first</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgenthau_Plan#Roosevelt's_support_for_the_plan" title="Morgenthau Plan">Morgenthau Plan support</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presidential<br />speeches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1932_Democratic_National_Convention#Roosevelt's_acceptance_speech" title="1932 Democratic National Convention">1932 Acceptance speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Club_Address" title="Commonwealth Club Address">Commonwealth Club Address</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936_Madison_Square_Garden_speech" title="1936 Madison Square Garden speech">Madison Square Garden speech</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Four_Freedoms" title="Four Freedoms">Four Freedoms</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Day_of_Infamy_speech" title="Day of Infamy speech">Day of Infamy speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arsenal_of_Democracy" title="Arsenal of Democracy">Arsenal of Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt#Inaugural_address" title="First inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt">"...is fear itself"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fireside_chats" title="Fireside chats">Fireside chats</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Look_to_Norway" title="Look to Norway">Look to Norway</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quarantine_Speech" title="Quarantine Speech">Quarantine Speech</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_More_Abundant_Life" title="The More Abundant Life">The More Abundant Life</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1934_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1934 State of the Union Address">State of the Union Address (1934</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1938_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1938 State of the Union Address">1938</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1939_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1939 State of the Union Address">1939</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1940 State of the Union Address">1940</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Freedoms" title="Four Freedoms">1941 (Four Freedoms)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Bill_of_Rights" title="Second Bill of Rights">1944 (Second Bill of Rights)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1945_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1945 State of the Union Address">1945)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt#Early_life_and_marriage" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Early life, education, career</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warm_Springs_Historic_District" title="Warm Springs Historic District">Warm Springs Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governorship_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Governorship of Franklin D. Roosevelt">Governorship of New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Business_Plot" title="Business Plot">Business Plot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Zangara#Assassination_attempt" title="Giuseppe Zangara">Assassination attempt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Electoral history of Franklin D. Roosevelt">Elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1928_New_York_state_election" title="1928 New York state election">1928 New York state election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1930_New_York_state_election" title="1930 New York state election">1930</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1920_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1920 Democratic National Convention">Democratic National Convention, 1920</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1924_Democratic_National_Convention#Impact" title="1924 Democratic National Convention">1924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1932 Democratic National Convention">1932</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1936 Democratic National Convention">1936</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1940 Democratic National Convention">1940</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1944 Democratic National Convention">1944</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1920_United_States_presidential_election" title="1920 United States presidential election">1920 United States presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_United_States_presidential_election" title="1932 United States presidential election">1932</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Happy_Days_Are_Here_Again#In_popular_culture" title="Happy Days Are Here Again">theme song</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936_United_States_presidential_election" title="1936 United States presidential election">1936</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1940</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_United_States_presidential_election" title="1944 United States presidential election">1944</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Life and homes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt#Personal_life" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Early life and education</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Groton_School" title="Groton School">Groton School</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Home_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt_National_Historic_Site" title="Home of Franklin D. Roosevelt National Historic Site">Springwood birthplace, home, and gravesite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adams_House_(Harvard_College)" title="Adams House (Harvard College)">Adams House</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FDR_Suite_at_Adams_House,_Harvard_University" title="FDR Suite at Adams House, Harvard University">FDR Suite</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Campobello_International_Park" title="Roosevelt Campobello International Park">Campobello home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paralytic_illness_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Paralytic illness of Franklin D. Roosevelt">Paralytic illness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Top_Cottage" title="Top Cottage">Top Cottage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_White_House" title="Little White House">Little White House, Warm Springs, Georgia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Bibliography of Franklin D. Roosevelt">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_statues_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="List of statues of Franklin D. Roosevelt">Statues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt_Presidential_Library_and_Museum" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum">Presidential Library and Museum</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Institute" title="Roosevelt Institute">Roosevelt Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Institute_Campus_Network" title="Roosevelt Institute Campus Network">Roosevelt Institute Campus Network</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Delano_Roosevelt_Foundation" title="Franklin Delano Roosevelt Foundation">Franklin Delano Roosevelt Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Delano_Roosevelt_Memorial" title="Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial">Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Island" title="Roosevelt Island">Roosevelt Island</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt_Four_Freedoms_Park" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt Four Freedoms Park">Four Freedoms Park</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Room" title="Roosevelt Room">White House Roosevelt Room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Institute_for_American_Studies" title="Roosevelt Institute for American Studies">Roosevelt Institute for American Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Franklin_D._Roosevelt_(CV-42)" class="mw-redirect" title="USS Franklin D. Roosevelt (CV-42)">USS <i>Franklin D. Roosevelt</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Roosevelt_(DDG-80)" title="USS Roosevelt (DDG-80)">USS <i>Roosevelt</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Freedoms_Award" title="Four Freedoms Award">Four Freedoms Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Freedoms_(Rockwell)" title="Four Freedoms (Rockwell)"><i>Four Freedoms</i> paintings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unfinished_portrait_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Unfinished portrait of Franklin D. Roosevelt"><i>Unfinished portrait</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidents_of_the_United_States_on_U.S._postage_stamps#Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps">U.S. Postage stamps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_dime" title="Roosevelt dime">Roosevelt dime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I%27d_Rather_Be_Right" title="I'd Rather Be Right"><i>I'd Rather Be Right</i> 1937 musical</a></li> <li>Films <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Roosevelt_Story" title="The Roosevelt Story"><i>The Roosevelt Story</i> 1947</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunrise_at_Campobello" title="Sunrise at Campobello"><i>Sunrise at Campobello</i> 1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_and_Franklin_(miniseries)" title="Eleanor and Franklin (miniseries)"><i>Eleanor and Franklin</i> 1976,</a> <a href="/wiki/Eleanor_and_Franklin:_The_White_House_Years" title="Eleanor and Franklin: The White House Years"><i>The White House Years</i> 1977</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backstairs_at_the_White_House" title="Backstairs at the White House"><i>Backstairs at the White House</i> 1979 miniseries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_II:_When_Lions_Roared" title="World War II: When Lions Roared"><i>World War II: When Lions Roared</i> 1997 miniseries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warm_Springs_(film)" title="Warm Springs (film)"><i>Warm Springs</i> 2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyde_Park_on_Hudson" title="Hyde Park on Hudson"><i>Hyde Park on Hudson</i> 2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Roosevelts_(miniseries)" title="The Roosevelts (miniseries)"><i>The Roosevelts</i> 2014 documentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_First_Lady_(American_TV_series)" title="The First Lady (American TV series)"><i>The First Lady</i> 2022 miniseries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FDR_(miniseries)" title="FDR (miniseries)"><i>FDR</i> 2023 miniseries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Six_Triple_Eight" title="The Six Triple Eight"><i>The Six Triple Eight</i> 2024 film</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_memorials_to_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" class="mw-redirect" title="List of memorials to Franklin D. Roosevelt">Other namesakes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family<br />(<a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_family" title="Roosevelt family">Roosevelt</a><br /> • <a href="/wiki/Delano_family" title="Delano family">Delano</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Roosevelt" title="Eleanor Roosevelt">Eleanor Roosevelt</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Roosevelt_Halsted" title="Anna Roosevelt Halsted">Anna Roosevelt Halsted</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Roosevelt" title="James Roosevelt">James Roosevelt II</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elliott_Roosevelt_(general)" title="Elliott Roosevelt (general)">Elliott Roosevelt</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt_Jr." title="Franklin D. Roosevelt Jr.">Franklin Delano Roosevelt Jr.</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Aspinwall_Roosevelt" title="John Aspinwall Roosevelt">John Aspinwall Roosevelt II</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Roosevelt_I" title="James Roosevelt I">James Roosevelt I</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sara_Roosevelt" title="Sara Roosevelt">Sara Ann Delano</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Roosevelt_Roosevelt" title="James Roosevelt Roosevelt">James Roosevelt Roosevelt</a> (half-brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Roosevelt_(businessman)" title="Isaac Roosevelt (businessman)">Isaac Roosevelt</a> (grandfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Delano_Jr." title="Warren Delano Jr.">Warren Delano Jr.</a> (grandfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fala_(dog)" title="Fala (dog)">Fala</a> (family dog)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_(Franklin_D._Roosevelt%27s_dog)" title="Major (Franklin D. Roosevelt's dog)">Major</a> (family dog)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">← Herbert Hoover</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman →</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Category:Franklin D. 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