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Available in 19 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-19" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">19 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%86" title="نينيان ستيفين – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نينيان ستيفين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninian_Stephen" title="Ninian Stephen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ninian Stephen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninian_Stephen" title="Ninian Stephen – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ninian Stephen" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninian_Stephen" title="Ninian Stephen – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ninian Stephen" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86" title="نینیان استیون – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نینیان استیون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninian_Stephen" title="Ninian Stephen – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ninian Stephen" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="निनियन स्टीफ़ेन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="निनियन स्टीफ़ेन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninian_Stephen" title="Ninian Stephen – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ninian Stephen" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9F_%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%99%D7%91%D7%9F" title="ניניאן סטיבן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ניניאן סטיבן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%86" title="نينيان ستيفين – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نينيان ستيفين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninian_Stephen" title="Ninian Stephen – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ninian Stephen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8B%E3%83%8B%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B9%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B4%E3%83%B3" title="ニニアン・スティーヴン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ニニアン・スティーヴン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninian_Stephen" title="Ninian Stephen – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ninian Stephen" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninian_Stephen" title="Ninian Stephen – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ninian Stephen" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD,_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Стивен, Ниниан – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Стивен, Ниниан" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninian_Stephen" title="Ninian Stephen – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ninian Stephen" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninian_Stephen" title="Ninian Stephen – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ninian Stephen" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninian_Stephen" title="Ninian Stephen – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ninian Stephen" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%B0%BC%E5%AE%89%C2%B7%E5%8F%B2%E8%92%82%E8%8A%AC" title="尼尼安·史蒂芬 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="尼尼安·史蒂芬" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1356927#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/The_Right_Honourable" title="The Right Honourable">The Right Honourable</a></div><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Sir Ninian Stephen</div><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 100;"><a href="/wiki/Knight_of_the_Order_of_the_Garter" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight of the Order of the Garter">KG</a></span>, <span style="font-size: 100;"><a href="/wiki/Knight_of_the_Order_of_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight of the Order of Australia">AK</a></span>, <span style="font-size: 100;"><a href="/wiki/Knight_Grand_Cross_of_the_Order_of_St_Michael_and_St_George" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George">GCMG</a></span>, <span style="font-size: 100;"><a href="/wiki/Knight_Grand_Cross_of_the_Royal_Victorian_Order" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order">GCVO</a></span>, <span style="font-size: 100;"><a href="/wiki/Knight_Commander_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire">KBE</a></span>, <span style="font-size: 100;"><a href="/wiki/Her_Majesty%27s_Most_Honourable_Privy_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council">PC</a></span>, <span style="font-size: 100;"><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Counsel" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen's Counsel">QC</a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Sir_Ninian_Stephen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Sir_Ninian_Stephen.jpg/220px-Sir_Ninian_Stephen.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="294" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Sir_Ninian_Stephen.jpg/330px-Sir_Ninian_Stephen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Sir_Ninian_Stephen.jpg/440px-Sir_Ninian_Stephen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="899" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">20th <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_Australia" title="Governor-General of Australia">Governor-General of Australia</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />29 July 1982 – 16 February 1989</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Elizabeth II</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Fraser" title="Malcolm Fraser">Malcolm Fraser</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke">Bob Hawke</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sir_Zelman_Cowen" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Zelman Cowen">Sir Zelman Cowen</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Hayden" title="Bill Hayden">Bill Hayden</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Justices_of_the_High_Court_of_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Justices of the High Court of Australia">Justice of the High Court of Australia</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1 March 1972 – 11 May 1982</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Nominated by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Billy_McMahon" class="mw-redirect" title="Billy McMahon">Billy McMahon</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Appointed by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sir_Paul_Hasluck" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Paul Hasluck">Sir Paul Hasluck</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sir_Victor_Windeyer" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Victor Windeyer">Sir Victor Windeyer</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sir_William_Deane" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir William Deane">Sir William Deane</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Victoria" title="Supreme Court of Victoria">Judge of the Supreme Court of Victoria</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />30 June 1970 – 29 February 1972</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Nominated by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sir_Henry_Bolte" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Henry Bolte">Sir Henry Bolte</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Appointed by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sir_Rohan_Delacombe" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Rohan Delacombe">Sir Rohan Delacombe</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Monahan" title="Robert Monahan">Robert Monahan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/William_Kaye_(judge)" title="William Kaye (judge)">William Kaye</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Ninian Martin Stephen</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1923-06-15</span>)</span>15 June 1923<br /><a href="/wiki/Nettlebed" title="Nettlebed">Nettlebed</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oxfordshire" title="Oxfordshire">Oxfordshire</a>, England</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">29 October 2017<span style="display:none">(2017-10-29)</span> (aged 94)<br /><a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a>, Australia</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Valery Sinclair</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="June 1949">1949</span>)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">5</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Profession</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Barrister" title="Barrister">Barrister</a>, judge</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Military service</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data">Australia</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Branch/service</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Second_Australian_Imperial_Force" title="Second Australian Imperial Force">Second Australian Imperial Force</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years of service</th><td class="infobox-data">1941–1946</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data">Lieutenant</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Unit</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Australian_Artillery" title="Royal Australian Artillery">Royal Australian Artillery</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Royal_Australian_Engineers" title="Royal Australian Engineers">Royal Australian Engineers</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Battles/wars</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Sir Ninian Martin Stephen</b>, <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 100;"><a href="/wiki/Knight_of_the_Order_of_the_Garter" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight of the Order of the Garter">KG</a></span>, <span style="font-size: 100;"><a href="/wiki/Knight_of_the_Order_of_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight of the Order of Australia">AK</a></span>, <span style="font-size: 100;"><a href="/wiki/Knight_Grand_Cross_of_the_Order_of_St_Michael_and_St_George" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George">GCMG</a></span>, <span style="font-size: 100;"><a href="/wiki/Knight_Grand_Cross_of_the_Royal_Victorian_Order" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order">GCVO</a></span>, <span style="font-size: 100;"><a href="/wiki/Knight_Commander_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire">KBE</a></span>, <span style="font-size: 100;"><a href="/wiki/Her_Majesty%27s_Most_Honourable_Privy_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council">PC</a></span>, <span style="font-size: 100;"><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Counsel" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen's Counsel">QC</a></span></span> (15 June 1923 – 29 October 2017) was an English-born Australian judge who served as the <a href="/wiki/List_of_governors-general_of_Australia" title="List of governors-general of Australia">20th governor-general of Australia</a>, in office from 1982 to 1989. He was previously a justice of the <a href="/wiki/High_Court_of_Australia" title="High Court of Australia">High Court of Australia</a> from 1972 to 1982.<sup id="cite_ref-HCAbio_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HCAbio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Stephen was born in England to Scottish parents. As a child he lived for periods in France, Germany, Scotland, and Switzerland, eventually arriving in Australia at the age of 16. Stephen served with the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Army" title="Australian Army">Australian Army</a> during World War II, and after the war entered the legal profession. He became one of Australia's leading constitutional lawyers. Stephen was appointed to the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Victoria" title="Supreme Court of Victoria">Supreme Court of Victoria</a> in 1970, and then to the High Court in 1972, aged 48. He was considered a member of the court's "moderate centre". In 1982, Stephen was appointed governor-general on the recommendation of <a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Fraser" title="Malcolm Fraser">Malcolm Fraser</a>. He approved two <a href="/wiki/Double_dissolution" title="Double dissolution">double dissolutions</a> during his time in office, the only governor-general to do so. After his term expired, Stephen remained active in public life as a conservationist and member of various international tribunals. He died at the age of 94, making him Australia's longest-lived governor-general. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ninian_Stephen&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Stephen was born in <a href="/wiki/Nettlebed" title="Nettlebed">Nettlebed</a>, Oxfordshire, England, to Scottish parents, Barbara (née Cruickshank) and Frederick Brown Stephen. His father, a chauffeur,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> poultry farmer and motorcycle courier in <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> left the family shortly after his birth, emigrating to Canada and starting a new family; his son was told that he had died, and did not learn the truth until 2003. Stephen's mother, formerly a lady's maid<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was a <a href="/wiki/Lady%27s_companion" title="Lady's companion">paid companion</a> for Nina Mylne, the wealthy heiress of the <a href="/wiki/Queensland" title="Queensland">Queensland</a> pastoralist <a href="/wiki/Graham_Mylne" title="Graham Mylne">Graham Mylne</a>; his given name was in her honour. During his early childhood, the three of them lived for periods in Switzerland (<a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a> where he was christened and <a href="/wiki/Montreaux" class="mw-redirect" title="Montreaux">Montreaux</a>), France (Paris, <a href="/wiki/Cannes" title="Cannes">Cannes</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Saint-Cast-le-Guildo" title="Saint-Cast-le-Guildo">Saint-Cast-le-Guildo</a>) and Germany (<a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden">Wiesbaden</a>), where Mylne took him to Nuremberg for the 1938 <a href="/wiki/Nuremberg_rallies" title="Nuremberg rallies">Reichsparteitag Grossdeutschland</a> (5-12 September) which he photographed.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They eventually moved to <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a> in 1929 so Stephen could begin his formal schooling.<sup id="cite_ref-fv_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fv-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mylne paid for Stephen's education, which took place in Scotland (<a href="/wiki/George_Watson%27s_College" title="George Watson's College">George Watson's College</a> and <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Academy" title="Edinburgh Academy">Edinburgh Academy</a>), London (<a href="/wiki/St_Paul%27s_School,_London" title="St Paul's School, London">St Paul's School</a>), and Switzerland (Chillon College, <a href="/wiki/Montreux" title="Montreux">Montreux</a>). He and Mylne generally traveled together, while his mother remained in Scotland and ran a boardinghouse. In 1940, the three of them moved to <a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a> to avoid the war, booking first into the Oriental Hotel then taking a flat in Linden Hall<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> opposite <a href="/wiki/Scotch_College,_Melbourne" title="Scotch College, Melbourne">Scotch College</a> which Stephen attended for two terms, and was then accepted into the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Melbourne" title="University of Melbourne">University of Melbourne</a> to study law.<sup id="cite_ref-fv_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fv-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bc_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bc-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Second_World_War">Second World War</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ninian_Stephen&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Second World War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In December 1941, following the end of his first year at university, Stephen enlisted in the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Army_Reserve" title="Australian Army Reserve">Citizens Military Force</a> to serve part-time in the <a href="/wiki/Melbourne_University_Regiment" title="Melbourne University Regiment">Melbourne University Regiment</a>. Following Japan's entry into <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, Stephen completed full-time military training from 8 December 1941 to 15 February 1942 and was then posted to the 10th Field Regiment, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Australian_Artillery" title="Royal Australian Artillery">Royal Australian Artillery</a>, serving in Western Australia. He subsequently transferred to the <a href="/wiki/Second_Australian_Imperial_Force" title="Second Australian Imperial Force">Second Australian Imperial Force</a>. In late 1943, Stephen transferred to the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Australian_Engineers" title="Royal Australian Engineers">Royal Australian Engineers</a>, serving in New Guinea from April to August 1944 with the 43rd Australian Water Transport Company. He then attended courses, culminating in a commissioning course in April 1945. As a lieutenant, he served in the 41st Australian Landing Craft Company in New Guinea and <a href="/wiki/New_Britain" title="New Britain">New Britain</a>. In August 1945, he was posted to <a href="/wiki/Labuan" title="Labuan">Labuan</a>, Borneo, arriving after the war's end and serving there until January 1946. After returning to Australia, he was discharged on 5 February 1946.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legal_career">Legal career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ninian_Stephen&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Legal career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Stephen completed his studies after the war's end, and was admitted to the <a href="/wiki/Victorian_Bar" title="Victorian Bar">Victorian Bar</a> in 1949. By the 1960s, he had become one of Australia's leading constitutional and commercial lawyers. He was made a <a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Counsel" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen's Counsel">Queen's Counsel</a> in 1966.<sup id="cite_ref-HCAbio_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HCAbio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Judicial_career">Judicial career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ninian_Stephen&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Judicial career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 30 June 1970, Stephen was appointed as a judge of the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Victoria" title="Supreme Court of Victoria">Supreme Court of Victoria</a>. He held this position until 29 February 1972, relinquishing it to take up his appointment as a justice of the <a href="/wiki/High_Court_of_Australia" title="High Court of Australia">High Court of Australia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-HCAbio_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HCAbio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was sworn of the <a href="/wiki/Privy_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Privy Council">Privy Council</a> of the United Kingdom in 1979 and sat as a member of its Judicial Committee.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although Stephen was appointed to the High Court by a <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Australia" title="Liberal Party of Australia">Liberal</a> government, he proved not to be a traditional conservative upholder of states' rights. He joined the "moderate centre" of the court, between the arch-conservatism of Sir <a href="/wiki/Garfield_Barwick" title="Garfield Barwick">Garfield Barwick</a> and the radicalism of <a href="/wiki/Lionel_Murphy" title="Lionel Murphy">Lionel Murphy</a>. In 1982 he was part of the majority that decided on a broad interpretation of the "external affairs power" of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Australia" title="Constitution of Australia">Australian constitution</a> in the <i><a href="/wiki/Koowarta_v_Bjelke-Petersen" title="Koowarta v Bjelke-Petersen">Koowarta v Bjelke-Petersen</a></i> case.<sup id="cite_ref-fricke_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fricke-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governor-general">Governor-general</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ninian_Stephen&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Governor-general"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In March 1982, Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Fraser" title="Malcolm Fraser">Malcolm Fraser</a> announced that Queen <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Elizabeth II</a> had approved his recommendation of Sir Ninian Stephen to succeed Sir <a href="/wiki/Zelman_Cowen" title="Zelman Cowen">Zelman Cowen</a> as <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_Australia" title="Governor-General of Australia">Governor-General of Australia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-HCAbio_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HCAbio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His appointment was praised by both sides of politics.<sup id="cite_ref-smh_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smh-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was sworn in on 29 July 1982, the first former High Court justice to become governor-general since Sir <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Isaacs" title="Isaac Isaacs">Isaac Isaacs</a> in 1931. When Fraser was defeated by the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party" title="Australian Labor Party">Labor Party</a> under <a href="/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke">Bob Hawke</a> in <a href="/wiki/1983_Australian_federal_election" title="1983 Australian federal election">1983</a>, Stephen had no difficulty working with a Labor government. In 1987, his term was extended by 18 months as a mark of personal respect and also to allow <a href="/wiki/Bill_Hayden" title="Bill Hayden">Bill Hayden</a> (to whom Hawke had promised the position) to leave politics at a time of his choosing. Stephen is the only governor-general to have approved two <a href="/wiki/Double_dissolution" title="Double dissolution">double dissolutions</a> – in <a href="/wiki/1983_Australian_federal_election" title="1983 Australian federal election">1983</a> (for Fraser) and <a href="/wiki/1987_Australian_federal_election" title="1987 Australian federal election">1987</a> (for Hawke).<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_work">Later work</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ninian_Stephen&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Later work"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NinianStephen.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/NinianStephen.gif" decoding="async" width="200" height="276" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="276" /></a><figcaption>Stephen in November 2006</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1989, Stephen became Australia's first <a href="/wiki/List_of_Australian_special_interests_Ambassadors_and_Envoys#Ambassadors_for_the_Environment" title="List of Australian special interests Ambassadors and Envoys">Ambassador for the Environment</a><sup id="cite_ref-HCAbio_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HCAbio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and, in his three-year term, was particularly energetic in working for a ban of mining in <a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a>. In 1990 he became the chair of the Australian Antarctic Foundation, based in Hobart, and subsequently also became the chair of the Constitutional Centenary Foundation, based in Melbourne, which was established following the 1991 Constitutional Centenary Conference.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1991, he undertook a difficult task when he was appointed chairman of the second strand of the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a> peace talks. From 1991 to 1995, he was a judge <i>ad hoc</i> of the <a href="/wiki/International_Court_of_Justice" title="International Court of Justice">International Court of Justice</a> in the case <i>East Timor (Portugal v. Australia) 1991–1995</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1993 to 1997, he was a judge on the international tribunals investigating war crimes in <a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia" title="Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda</a>. He also served as chairman of the Australian Citizenship Council from 1998.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1994, he acted as a special envoy of the UN Secretary General to resolve political conflicts in <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-smh_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smh-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Stephen later moved back into the legal field, becoming president of an arbitral tribunal constituted under Chapter 11 of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), charged with the adjudication of an investment dispute between Mondev, a Canadian investor, and the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A detailed scholarly biography of Stephen, <i>Fortunate Voyager</i> by <a href="/wiki/Philip_James_Ayres" title="Philip James Ayres">Philip Ayres</a>, was released in September 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Drawing upon it, Ayres also summarised Stephen's career for the <i>Victorian Bar News</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honours">Honours</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ninian_Stephen&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Honours"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-weight: normal; background-color: #6C488F; color: #fff;"><span style="font-size:80%">Viceregal styles of</span><br /><b><span class="fn">Sir Ninian Stephen</span></b></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Badge_of_the_Governor-General_of_Australia_(St_Edward%27s_Crown).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Badge_of_the_Governor-General_of_Australia_%28St_Edward%27s_Crown%29.svg/40px-Badge_of_the_Governor-General_of_Australia_%28St_Edward%27s_Crown%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Badge_of_the_Governor-General_of_Australia_%28St_Edward%27s_Crown%29.svg/60px-Badge_of_the_Governor-General_of_Australia_%28St_Edward%27s_Crown%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Badge_of_the_Governor-General_of_Australia_%28St_Edward%27s_Crown%29.svg/80px-Badge_of_the_Governor-General_of_Australia_%28St_Edward%27s_Crown%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="975" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Style_(manner_of_address)" class="mw-redirect" title="Style (manner of address)">Reference style</a></th><td class="infobox-data">His Excellency The Right Honourable</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spoken style</th><td class="infobox-data">Your Excellency</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Stephen was made a <a href="/wiki/Knight_Commander_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire">Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire</a> (KBE) on 20 April 1972 "for distinguished services to the Law",<sup id="cite_ref-LG_21_April_1972_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LG_21_April_1972-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and sworn of the <a href="/wiki/Privy_Council_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Privy Council of the United Kingdom">Privy Council</a> in 1979. As governor-general he was made a <a href="/wiki/Knight_of_the_Order_of_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight of the Order of Australia">Knight of the Order of Australia</a> (AK), <a href="/wiki/Knight_Grand_Cross_of_the_Order_of_St_Michael_and_St_George" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George">Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George</a> (GCMG) and <a href="/wiki/Knight_Grand_Cross_of_the_Royal_Victorian_Order" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order">Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order</a> (GCVO). In 1994 <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Queen Elizabeth II</a> appointed him a <a href="/wiki/Knight_Companion_of_the_Order_of_the_Garter" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight Companion of the Order of the Garter">Knight Companion of the Order of the Garter</a> (KG), being the most recent Australian to be granted a knighthood in the personal gift of the <a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Australia" title="Monarchy of Australia">monarch of Australia</a>. He therefore had the unusual distinction of holding six separate <a href="/wiki/Knighthood" class="mw-redirect" title="Knighthood">knighthoods</a> and joined <a href="/wiki/Richard_Casey,_Baron_Casey" title="Richard Casey, Baron Casey">Lord Casey</a> and Sir <a href="/wiki/Paul_Hasluck" title="Paul Hasluck">Paul Hasluck</a> as one of the few Australian Knights Companion of the Order of the Garter. In 1983 he was named a Commandeur of the French <a href="/wiki/Legion_of_Honour" title="Legion of Honour">Légion d'honneur</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Stephen delivered the first <a href="/wiki/Sir_Ninian_Stephen_Lecture" title="Sir Ninian Stephen Lecture">Sir Ninian Stephen Lecture</a> at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Newcastle_(Australia)" title="University of Newcastle (Australia)">University of Newcastle</a>'s law school in 1993, giving his name to this lecture series.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Order_of_the_Garter_UK_ribbon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Order_of_the_Garter_UK_ribbon.png/50px-Order_of_the_Garter_UK_ribbon.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Order_of_the_Garter_UK_ribbon.png/75px-Order_of_the_Garter_UK_ribbon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Order_of_the_Garter_UK_ribbon.png/100px-Order_of_the_Garter_UK_ribbon.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Knight_Companion_of_the_Order_of_the_Garter" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight Companion of the Order of the Garter">Knight Companion of the Order of the Garter</a> (KG)</td> <td>1994<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:AUS_Order_of_Australia_(civil)_BAR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/AUS_Order_of_Australia_%28civil%29_BAR.svg/50px-AUS_Order_of_Australia_%28civil%29_BAR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/AUS_Order_of_Australia_%28civil%29_BAR.svg/75px-AUS_Order_of_Australia_%28civil%29_BAR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/AUS_Order_of_Australia_%28civil%29_BAR.svg/100px-AUS_Order_of_Australia_%28civil%29_BAR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Knight_of_the_Order_of_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight of the Order of Australia">Knight of the Order of Australia</a> (AK)</td> <td>1982<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ord.St.Michele-Giorgio.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Ord.St.Michele-Giorgio.png/50px-Ord.St.Michele-Giorgio.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Ord.St.Michele-Giorgio.png/75px-Ord.St.Michele-Giorgio.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/Ord.St.Michele-Giorgio.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="30" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Knight_Grand_Cross_of_the_Order_of_St_Michael_and_St_George" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George">Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George</a> (GCMG)</td> <td>1982<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Victorian_Order_UK_ribbon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Royal_Victorian_Order_UK_ribbon.png/50px-Royal_Victorian_Order_UK_ribbon.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Royal_Victorian_Order_UK_ribbon.png/75px-Royal_Victorian_Order_UK_ribbon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Royal_Victorian_Order_UK_ribbon.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="30" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Knight_Grand_Cross_of_the_Royal_Victorian_Order" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order">Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order</a> (GCVO)</td> <td>1982<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Order_of_the_British_Empire_(Civil)_Ribbon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Order_of_the_British_Empire_%28Civil%29_Ribbon.png/50px-Order_of_the_British_Empire_%28Civil%29_Ribbon.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Order_of_the_British_Empire_%28Civil%29_Ribbon.png/75px-Order_of_the_British_Empire_%28Civil%29_Ribbon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/Order_of_the_British_Empire_%28Civil%29_Ribbon.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="30" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Knight_Commander_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire">Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire</a> (KBE)</td> <td>1972<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Order_of_St_John_(UK)_ribbon_-vector.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Order_of_St_John_%28UK%29_ribbon_-vector.svg/50px-Order_of_St_John_%28UK%29_ribbon_-vector.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Order_of_St_John_%28UK%29_ribbon_-vector.svg/75px-Order_of_St_John_%28UK%29_ribbon_-vector.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Order_of_St_John_%28UK%29_ribbon_-vector.svg/100px-Order_of_St_John_%28UK%29_ribbon_-vector.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="442" data-file-height="126" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Venerable_Order_of_St_John" class="mw-redirect" title="Venerable Order of St John">Knight of Grace of the Venerable Order of St John of Jerusalem</a> (KStJ)</td> <td>1982<sup id="cite_ref-Sir_Ninian_Stephen_awards_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sir_Ninian_Stephen_awards-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1939-45_Star.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/1939-45_Star.png/50px-1939-45_Star.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/1939-45_Star.png/75px-1939-45_Star.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/1939-45_Star.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="30" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/1939%E2%80%9345_Star" class="mw-redirect" title="1939–45 Star">1939–45 Star</a></td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-Sir_Ninian_Stephen_awards_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sir_Ninian_Stephen_awards-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pacific_Star.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Pacific_Star.gif/50px-Pacific_Star.gif" decoding="async" width="50" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Pacific_Star.gif/75px-Pacific_Star.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1c/Pacific_Star.gif 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="30" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Star" title="Pacific Star">Pacific Star</a></td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-Sir_Ninian_Stephen_awards_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sir_Ninian_Stephen_awards-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:War_Medal_1939%E2%80%931945_(UK)_ribbon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/War_Medal_1939%E2%80%931945_%28UK%29_ribbon.png/50px-War_Medal_1939%E2%80%931945_%28UK%29_ribbon.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/War_Medal_1939%E2%80%931945_%28UK%29_ribbon.png/75px-War_Medal_1939%E2%80%931945_%28UK%29_ribbon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/War_Medal_1939%E2%80%931945_%28UK%29_ribbon.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="30" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/War_Medal_1939%E2%80%931945" title="War Medal 1939–1945">War Medal 1939–1945</a></td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-Sir_Ninian_Stephen_awards_30-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sir_Ninian_Stephen_awards-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Australian_Service_Medal_1939-45_ribbon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Australian_Service_Medal_1939-45_ribbon.jpg/50px-Australian_Service_Medal_1939-45_ribbon.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Australian_Service_Medal_1939-45_ribbon.jpg/75px-Australian_Service_Medal_1939-45_ribbon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Australian_Service_Medal_1939-45_ribbon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="30" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Australia_Service_Medal_1939%E2%80%9345" class="mw-redirect" title="Australia Service Medal 1939–45">Australia Service Medal 1939–45</a></td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-Sir_Ninian_Stephen_awards_30-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sir_Ninian_Stephen_awards-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:QEII_Silver_Jubilee_Medal_ribbon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/QEII_Silver_Jubilee_Medal_ribbon.png/50px-QEII_Silver_Jubilee_Medal_ribbon.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/QEII_Silver_Jubilee_Medal_ribbon.png/75px-QEII_Silver_Jubilee_Medal_ribbon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/QEII_Silver_Jubilee_Medal_ribbon.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="30" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II_Silver_Jubilee_Medal" title="Queen Elizabeth II Silver Jubilee Medal">Queen Elizabeth II Silver Jubilee Medal</a></td> <td>1977<sup id="cite_ref-Sir_Ninian_Stephen_awards_30-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sir_Ninian_Stephen_awards-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:AUS_Centenary_Medal_ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/AUS_Centenary_Medal_ribbon.svg/50px-AUS_Centenary_Medal_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/AUS_Centenary_Medal_ribbon.svg/75px-AUS_Centenary_Medal_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/AUS_Centenary_Medal_ribbon.svg/100px-AUS_Centenary_Medal_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Centenary_Medal" title="Centenary Medal">Centenary Medal</a></td> <td>2001<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Legion_Honneur_Commandeur_ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Legion_Honneur_Commandeur_ribbon.svg/50px-Legion_Honneur_Commandeur_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Legion_Honneur_Commandeur_ribbon.svg/75px-Legion_Honneur_Commandeur_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Legion_Honneur_Commandeur_ribbon.svg/100px-Legion_Honneur_Commandeur_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Legion_of_Honour" title="Legion of Honour">Commander of the Legion of Honour</a></td> <td>France; 1983 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life_and_death">Personal life and death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ninian_Stephen&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Personal life and death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In June 1949, Stephen married Valery Mary Sinclair (4 July 1925 – 3 November 2019)<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and they had five daughters.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stephen and his wife were patrons of the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Inland_Botanic_Gardens" title="Australian Inland Botanic Gardens">Australian Inland Botanic Gardens</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-wentworthbotanic_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wentworthbotanic-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He died in <a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a> on 29 October 2017, aged 94.<sup id="cite_ref-smh_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smh-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A state funeral for Stephen was held on 8 November at <a href="/wiki/St_Paul%27s_Cathedral,_Melbourne" title="St Paul's Cathedral, Melbourne">St Paul's Cathedral, Melbourne</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Arms">Arms</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ninian_Stephen&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Arms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="max-width: 100%"> <caption class="nowrap">Coat of arms of Sir Ninian Martin Stephen, KG, AK, GCMG, GCVO, KBE, PC, QC </caption> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 225px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Ninian_Martin_Stephen.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Coat_of_Arms_of_Ninian_Martin_Stephen.svg/225px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Ninian_Martin_Stephen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="225" height="426" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Coat_of_Arms_of_Ninian_Martin_Stephen.svg/338px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Ninian_Martin_Stephen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Coat_of_Arms_of_Ninian_Martin_Stephen.svg/450px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Ninian_Martin_Stephen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="592" data-file-height="1122" /></a></span> </td> <td style="min-width:175px;"> <dl><dt>Notes</dt> <dd>Knight since 1972</dd> <dt>Crest</dt> <dd>An Australian King-Parrot proper upon a branch of Golden Wattle also proper.</dd> <dt>Torse</dt> <dd>Mantling Argent and Azure.</dd> <dt>Escutcheon</dt> <dd>Argent a fess Azure charged with six ermine spots Or, between three Thistle stalks Vert blossomed Purpure between two Golden Wattle branches Vert blossomed Or, 2,1.</dd> <dt>Orders</dt> <dd>The <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Garter" title="Order of the Garter">Order of the Garter</a> circlet.<br />The neck badge as Knight of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Australia" title="Order of Australia">Order of Australia</a>.<br />The neck badge as Knight Commander of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_British_Empire" title="Order of the British Empire">Order of the British Empire</a>.<br />The collar as Knight Grand Cross of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_St_Michael_and_St_George" title="Order of St Michael and St George">Order of St Michael and St George</a>.<br />The sash insignia as Knight Grand Cross of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Victorian_Order" title="Royal Victorian Order">Royal Victorian Order</a>.<br />The badge as Knight of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Saint_John_(chartered_1888)" title="Order of Saint John (chartered 1888)">Order of St John</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dt>Symbolism</dt> <dd>The <a href="/wiki/Acacia_pycnantha" title="Acacia pycnantha">Golden Wattle</a> is Australia's <a href="/wiki/Floral_emblem" class="mw-redirect" title="Floral emblem">floral emblem</a>. The Thistle is <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>'s floral emblem.</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ninian_Stephen&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-HCAbio-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HCAbio_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HCAbio_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HCAbio_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HCAbio_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HCAbio_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHigh_Court_of_Australia2010" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/High_Court_of_Australia" title="High Court of Australia">High Court of Australia</a> (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hcourt.gov.au/justices/Page-5">"About the Justices"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 May</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+the+Justices&rft.date=2010&rft.au=High+Court+of+Australia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hcourt.gov.au%2Fjustices%2FPage-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANinian+Stephen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/sir-ninian-stephen-obituary-2lgl02b70">"Sir Ninian Stephen"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Sir+Ninian+Stephen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Farticle%2Fsir-ninian-stephen-obituary-2lgl02b70&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANinian+Stephen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/obituaries/2017/10/29/sir-ninian-stephen-australias-former-governor-general-war-crimes/">"Sir Ninian Stephen, Australia's former Governor-General and war crimes judge – obituary"</a>. <i>The Telegraph</i>. 29 October 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Sir+Ninian+Stephen%2C+Australia%27s+former+Governor-General+and+war+crimes+judge+%E2%80%93+obituary&rft.date=2017-10-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fobituaries%2F2017%2F10%2F29%2Fsir-ninian-stephen-australias-former-governor-general-war-crimes%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANinian+Stephen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/sir-ninian-stephen-obituary-2lgl02b70">"Sir Ninian Stephen"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Sir+Ninian+Stephen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Farticle%2Fsir-ninian-stephen-obituary-2lgl02b70&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANinian+Stephen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAyres2013" class="citation book cs1">Ayres, Philip (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/841396139"><i>A fortunate voyager : the life of Ninian Stephen</i></a>. Carlton, Vic. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-522-86207-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-522-86207-2"><bdi>978-0-522-86207-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/841396139">841396139</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+fortunate+voyager+%3A+the+life+of+Ninian+Stephen&rft.place=Carlton%2C+Vic.&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F841396139&rft.isbn=978-0-522-86207-2&rft.aulast=Ayres&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F841396139&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANinian+Stephen" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fv-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fv_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fv_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAyres2013" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Philip_James_Ayres" title="Philip James Ayres">Ayres, Philip</a> (2013). <i>Fortunate Voyager: The Worlds of Ninian Stephen</i>. Melbourne University Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780522862089" title="Special:BookSources/9780522862089"><bdi>9780522862089</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fortunate+Voyager%3A+The+Worlds+of+Ninian+Stephen&rft.pub=Melbourne+University+Publishing&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9780522862089&rft.aulast=Ayres&rft.aufirst=Philip&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANinian+Stephen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bc-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bc_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarroll2004" class="citation book cs1">Carroll, Brian (2004). <i>Australia's Governors-General: From Hopetoun to Jeffery</i>. Rosenberg. pp. 173–179. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1877058211" title="Special:BookSources/1877058211"><bdi>1877058211</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Australia%27s+Governors-General%3A+From+Hopetoun+to+Jeffery&rft.pages=173-179&rft.pub=Rosenberg&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=1877058211&rft.aulast=Carroll&rft.aufirst=Brian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANinian+Stephen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Service Record, VX107617 Stephen, Ninian Martin, B883, VX107617, National Archives of Australia, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://recordsearch.naa.gov.au/SearchNRetrieve/Interface/DetailsReports/ItemDetail.aspx?Barcode=6090879&isAv=N">https://recordsearch.naa.gov.au/SearchNRetrieve/Interface/DetailsReports/ItemDetail.aspx?Barcode=6090879&isAv=N</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://research.qut.edu.au/tnep/team/the-rt-hon-sir-ninian-stephen/">"The Rt. Hon Sir Ninian Stephen"</a>. <i>research.qut.edu.au</i>. Queensland University of Technology<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=research.qut.edu.au&rft.atitle=The+Rt.+Hon+Sir+Ninian+Stephen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch.qut.edu.au%2Ftnep%2Fteam%2Fthe-rt-hon-sir-ninian-stephen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANinian+Stephen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fricke-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-fricke_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFricke1986" class="citation book cs1">Fricke, Graham (1986). <i>Judges of the High Court</i>. Melbourne: Century Hutchison. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-09-157150-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-09-157150-2"><bdi>0-09-157150-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Judges+of+the+High+Court&rft.place=Melbourne&rft.pub=Century+Hutchison&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=0-09-157150-2&rft.aulast=Fricke&rft.aufirst=Graham&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANinian+Stephen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-smh-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-smh_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-smh_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-smh_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.smh.com.au/federal-politics/political-news/sir-ninian-stephen-former-governorgeneral-dies-aged-94-20171029-gzagyi.html">"Sir Ninian Stephen, former governor-general, dies, aged 94"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Morning_Herald" class="mw-redirect" title="Sydney Morning Herald">Sydney Morning Herald</a></i>. 29 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 October</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sydney+Morning+Herald&rft.atitle=Sir+Ninian+Stephen%2C+former+governor-general%2C+dies%2C+aged+94&rft.date=2017-10-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.smh.com.au%2Ffederal-politics%2Fpolitical-news%2Fsir-ninian-stephen-former-governorgeneral-dies-aged-94-20171029-gzagyi.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANinian+Stephen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarroll2004" class="citation book cs1">Carroll, Brian (2004). <i>Australia's Governors-General: From Hopetoun to Jeffery</i>. Rosenberg. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1877058211" title="Special:BookSources/1877058211"><bdi>1877058211</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Australia%27s+Governors-General%3A+From+Hopetoun+to+Jeffery&rft.pub=Rosenberg&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=1877058211&rft.aulast=Carroll&rft.aufirst=Brian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANinian+Stephen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGalbraith2006" class="citation web cs1">Galbraith, Ben (1 June 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.antarctica.gov.au/magazine/issue-10-autumn-2006/feature/building-an-antarctic-gateway/">"Building an Antarctic gateway"</a>. <i>Australian Antarctic program</i>. Australian Government Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Australian+Antarctic+program&rft.atitle=Building+an+Antarctic+gateway&rft.date=2006-06-01&rft.aulast=Galbraith&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.antarctica.gov.au%2Fmagazine%2Fissue-10-autumn-2006%2Ffeature%2Fbuilding-an-antarctic-gateway%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANinian+Stephen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaunders2008" class="citation web cs1">Saunders, Cheryl (April 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228192360">"The Constitution Centenary Foundation"</a>. <i>ResearchGate</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ResearchGate&rft.atitle=The+Constitution+Centenary+Foundation&rft.date=2008-04&rft.aulast=Saunders&rft.aufirst=Cheryl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F228192360&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANinian+Stephen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/index.php?p1=3&p2=3&k=66&case=84&code=pa&p3=4"><i>East Timor (Portugal v. Australia)</i>, Judgment, I.C.J. Reports 1995, p. 90</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.civicsandcitizenship.edu.au/cce/sir_ninian_stephen,9940.html">"Sir Ninian Stephen"</a>. <i>Education Services Australia</i>. 14 June 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 October</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Education+Services+Australia&rft.atitle=Sir+Ninian+Stephen&rft.date=2005-06-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.civicsandcitizenship.edu.au%2Fcce%2Fsir_ninian_stephen%2C9940.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANinian+Stephen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.italaw.com/cases/documents/716"><i>Mondev International Ltd. v. United States of America</i>, ICSID Case No. ARB(AF)/99/2</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAyres,_Philip2013" class="citation book cs1">Ayres, Philip (2013). <i>Fortunate Voyager: The Worlds of Ninian Stephen</i>. 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The Victorian Bar Inc. pp. 30–34. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vicbar.com.au/news-resources/publications/victorian-bar-news">the original</a> on 6 December 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Victorian+Bar+News&rft.atitle=Ninian+Stephens+at+the+Victorian+Bar&rft.ssn=winter&rft.pages=30-34&rft.date=2014&rft.au=Ayres%2C+Philip&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vicbar.com.au%2Fnews-resources%2Fpublications%2Fvictorian-bar-news&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANinian+Stephen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LG_21_April_1972-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-LG_21_April_1972_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGazette45652" class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/45652/page/4777">"No. 45652"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_London_Gazette" title="The London Gazette">The London Gazette</a></i>. 21 April 1972. p. 4777.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+London+Gazette&rft.atitle=No.+45652&rft.pages=4777&rft.date=1972-04-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegazette.co.uk%2FLondon%2Fissue%2F45652%2Fpage%2F4777&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANinian+Stephen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Philip Ayres. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kZpwAAAAQBAJ&q=honneur&pg=PP125"><i>Fortunate Voyager: The Worlds of Ninian Stephen</i></a>. Retrieved 19 July 2014</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://about.abc.net.au/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/KeyWordsMarch2008.pdf">ABC Editorial Policies: About the Authors, p. 5</a>. Retrieved 19 July 2014</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.assa.edu.au/publications/dialogue/2003_Vol22_No2.pdf">Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia, Dialogue 22, 2/2003, p. 11</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140304042939/http://www.assa.edu.au/publications/dialogue/2003_Vol22_No2.pdf">Archived</a> 4 March 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 February</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Portraits+of+Australians&rft.atitle=Sir+Ninian+Stephen+%E2%80%93+Governor+General+of+Australia+%E2%80%93+1988&rft.date=1988&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Heide&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.heidesmith.com%2FPortrait_of_Sir_Ninian_Stephen.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANinian+Stephen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://honours.pmc.gov.au/honours/awards/1126028">"STEPHEN, Ninian Martin – Centenary Medal"</a>. <i>It's an Honour database</i>. Australian Government. 1 January 2001<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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(March 2022)">user-generated source</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/sir-ninian-stephen-obituary-2lgl02b70">"Sir Ninian Stephen"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Sir+Ninian+Stephen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Farticle%2Fsir-ninian-stephen-obituary-2lgl02b70&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANinian+Stephen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wentworthbotanic-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wentworthbotanic_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090711164932/http://www.wentworth.nsw.gov.au/tourism/botanic/">"A community project"</a>. <i>wentworth.nsw.gov.au</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wentworth.nsw.gov.au&rft.atitle=A+community+project&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wentworth.nsw.gov.au%2Ftourism%2Fbotanic&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANinian+Stephen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2017/oct/29/former-governor-general-sir-ninian-stephen-dies-aged-94">"Former governor general Sir Ninian Stephen dies aged 94"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. 29 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 October</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Former+governor+general+Sir+Ninian+Stephen+dies+aged+94&rft.date=2017-10-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Faustralia-news%2F2017%2Foct%2F29%2Fformer-governor-general-sir-ninian-stephen-dies-aged-94&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANinian+Stephen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBevege2017" class="citation news cs1">Bevege, Alison (29 October 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-australia-stephen/australian-former-governor-general-and-peacemaker-ninian-stephen-dies-at-94-idUSKBN1CY064">"Australian former governor-general and peacemaker Ninian Stephen dies at 94"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved 27 December 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stgeorges-windsor.org/assets/media/tours/images/bannercrest200x293.jpg">Banner of arms image. Arms shown over the crest (A parrot), a blue fess, tincture according to the torse</a>. College of St George website. Retrieved 27 December 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heraldicsculptor.com/gartcres.html">Crest image</a>, <i>Heraldic Sculptor</i>. Retrieved 27 December 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theorderofaustralia.asn.au/about_us/awards_and_insignia.php">Order of Australia insignia</a>. The Order of Australia Association. Retrieved 27 December 2013.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ninian_Stephen&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ninian_Stephen" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Ninian Stephen">Ninian Stephen</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.supremecourt.vic.gov.au">Supreme Court of Victoria Website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070831192108/http://www.unisa.edu.au/hawkecentre/patrons/Stephen.asp">The Bob Hawke Prime Ministerial Centre website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2017/nov/19/sir-ninian-stephen-obituary#comment-108475924">Obituary</a> by <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Robertson" title="Geoffrey Robertson">Geoffrey Robertson</a>, <i>The Guardian</i></li> <li>Australian Senate condolences: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/download/chamber/hansards/a2ed5e4b-78d1-48d8-8c31-324bfa714c4e/toc_pdf/Senate_2017_11_13_5728.pdf;fileType=application%2Fpdf">"Senate Hansard"</a>. <i>Parliament of Australia</i>. 13 November 2017. pp. 45–53<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Parliament+of+Australia&rft.atitle=Senate+Hansard&rft.pages=45-53&rft.date=2017-11-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fparlinfo.aph.gov.au%2FparlInfo%2Fdownload%2Fchamber%2Fhansards%2Fa2ed5e4b-78d1-48d8-8c31-324bfa714c4e%2Ftoc_pdf%2FSenate_2017_11_13_5728.pdf%3BfileType%3Dapplication%252Fpdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANinian+Stephen" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #bebebe;">Government offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Zelman_Cowen" title="Zelman Cowen">Sir Zelman Cowen</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_Australia" title="Governor-General of Australia">Governor-General of Australia</a> </b><br />1982–1989 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Hayden" title="Bill Hayden">Bill Hayden</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FACEFF;">Diplomatic posts </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>New title</b> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Australian_special_interests_Ambassadors_and_Envoys#Ambassadors_for_the_Environment" title="List of Australian special interests Ambassadors and Envoys">Australian Ambassador for the Environment</a> </b><br />1989–1992 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Penelope_Wensley" title="Penelope Wensley">Penelope Wensley</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_Australia" title="Governor-General of Australia">Governors-general of Australia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 2px 0 0"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Governor-General_of_Australia_(1953%E2%80%932024).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Flag_of_the_Governor-General_of_Australia_%281953%E2%80%932024%29.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_Governor-General_of_Australia_%281953%E2%80%932024%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Flag_of_the_Governor-General_of_Australia_%281953%E2%80%932024%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_the_Governor-General_of_Australia_%281953%E2%80%932024%29.svg.png 1.5x, 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href="/wiki/Ronald_Munro_Ferguson,_1st_Viscount_Novar" title="Ronald Munro Ferguson, 1st Viscount Novar">Munro Ferguson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Forster,_1st_Baron_Forster" title="Henry Forster, 1st Baron Forster">Forster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Baird,_1st_Viscount_Stonehaven" title="John Baird, 1st Viscount Stonehaven">Stonehaven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Isaacs" title="Isaac Isaacs">Isaacs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Hore-Ruthven,_1st_Earl_of_Gowrie" title="Alexander Hore-Ruthven, 1st Earl of Gowrie">Gowrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Henry,_Duke_of_Gloucester" title="Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester">Gloucester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_McKell" title="William McKell">McKell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Slim,_1st_Viscount_Slim" title="William Slim, 1st Viscount Slim">Slim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Morrison,_1st_Viscount_Dunrossil" title="William Morrison, 1st Viscount Dunrossil">Dunrossil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Sidney,_1st_Viscount_De_L%27Isle" title="William Sidney, 1st Viscount De L'Isle">De L'Isle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Casey,_Baron_Casey" title="Richard Casey, Baron Casey">Casey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Hasluck" title="Paul Hasluck">Hasluck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Kerr_(governor-general)" title="John Kerr (governor-general)">Kerr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zelman_Cowen" title="Zelman Cowen">Cowen</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Stephen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Hayden" title="Bill Hayden">Hayden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Deane" title="William Deane">Deane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Hollingworth" title="Peter Hollingworth">Hollingworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Jeffery_(Australian_Army_officer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael Jeffery (Australian Army officer)">Jeffery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quentin_Bryce" title="Quentin Bryce">Bryce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Cosgrove" title="Peter Cosgrove">Cosgrove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Hurley" title="David Hurley">Hurley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Mostyn" title="Sam Mostyn">Mostyn</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Australia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/120px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/180px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/240px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="4"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors-general_of_Australia" title="List of governors-general of Australia">List of governors-general of Australia</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Justices_of_the_High_Court_of_Australia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Justices_of_the_High_Court_of_Australia" title="Template:Justices of the High Court of Australia"><abbr title="View this 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style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Griffith" title="Samuel Griffith">Griffith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrian_Knox" title="Adrian Knox">Knox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Isaacs" title="Isaac Isaacs">Isaacs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Gavan_Duffy" title="Frank Gavan Duffy">Duffy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Latham_(judge)" title="John Latham (judge)">Latham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owen_Dixon" title="Owen Dixon">Dixon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garfield_Barwick" title="Garfield Barwick">Barwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Gibbs" title="Harry Gibbs">Gibbs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Mason_(judge)" title="Anthony Mason (judge)">Mason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerard_Brennan" title="Gerard Brennan">Brennan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murray_Gleeson" title="Murray Gleeson">M. Gleeson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_French" title="Robert French">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Kiefel" title="Susan Kiefel">Kiefel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Gageler" title="Stephen Gageler">Gageler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Justices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Barton" title="Edmund Barton">Barton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Edward_O%27Connor" title="Richard Edward O'Connor">O'Connor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._B._Higgins" title="H. B. Higgins">Higgins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Powers" title="Charles Powers">Powers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Piddington" title="Albert Piddington">Piddington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Rich" title="George Rich">Rich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayden_Starke" title="Hayden Starke">Starke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._V._Evatt" title="H. V. Evatt">Evatt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_McTiernan" title="Edward McTiernan">McTiernan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dudley_Williams_(judge)" title="Dudley Williams (judge)">Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Webb_(judge)" title="William Webb (judge)">Webb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilfred_Fullagar" title="Wilfred Fullagar">Fullagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Kitto" title="Frank Kitto">Kitto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Taylor_(Australian_judge)" title="Alan Taylor (Australian judge)">Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Menzies" title="Douglas Menzies">Menzies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Windeyer" title="Victor Windeyer">Windeyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Owen_(judge)" title="William Owen (judge)">Owen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyril_Walsh" title="Cyril Walsh">Walsh</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Stephen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Jacobs" title="Kenneth Jacobs">Jacobs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lionel_Murphy" title="Lionel Murphy">Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keith_Aickin" title="Keith Aickin">Aickin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Wilson" title="Ronald Wilson">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Deane" title="William Deane">Deane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daryl_Dawson" title="Daryl Dawson">Dawson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Toohey_(judge)" title="John Toohey (judge)">Toohey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Gaudron" title="Mary Gaudron">Gaudron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_McHugh" title="Michael McHugh">McHugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Gummow" title="William Gummow">Gummow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Kirby_(judge)" title="Michael Kirby (judge)">Kirby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Hayne" title="Kenneth Hayne">Hayne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Callinan" title="Ian Callinan">Callinan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyson_Heydon" title="Dyson Heydon">Heydon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Crennan" title="Susan Crennan">Crennan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Bell_(judge)" title="Virginia Bell (judge)">Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Keane" title="Patrick Keane">Keane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Nettle" title="Geoffrey Nettle">Nettle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_Gordon" title="Michelle Gordon">Gordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Edelman" title="James Edelman">Edelman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Steward_(judge)" title="Simon Steward (judge)">Steward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacqueline_Gleeson" title="Jacqueline Gleeson">J. Gleeson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayne_Jagot" title="Jayne Jagot">Jagot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Beech-Jones" title="Robert Beech-Jones">Beech-Jones</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Justices shown in order of appointment</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1356927#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1356927#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1356927#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000073862075">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/38497998">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1487268/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJf8B4YvBR3RQ3HxmVXmVC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1233426370">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n88666208">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36480509">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p306121034">Netherlands</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/626546">Trove</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/115820493">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w66w9vmg">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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