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Unions subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Australian_Council_of_Trade_Unions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Informer_for_the_United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Informer_for_the_United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Informer for the United States </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Informer_for_the_United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Member_of_Parliament" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Member_of_Parliament"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Member of Parliament </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Member_of_Parliament-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prime_Minister_of_Australia_(1983–1991)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prime_Minister_of_Australia_(1983–1991)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Prime Minister of Australia (1983–1991) </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Prime_Minister_of_Australia_(1983–1991)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Prime Minister of Australia (1983–1991) subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Prime_Minister_of_Australia_(1983–1991)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Leadership_style" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leadership_style"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Leadership style </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leadership_style-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economic_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economic_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Economic policy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economic_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Social_and_environmental_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Social_and_environmental_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Social and environmental policy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Social_and_environmental_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Industrial_relations_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Industrial_relations_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 Industrial relations policy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Industrial_relations_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.5 Foreign policy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Election_wins_and_leadership_challenges" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Election_wins_and_leadership_challenges"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.6 Election wins and leadership challenges </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Election_wins_and_leadership_challenges-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Retirement_and_later_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Retirement_and_later_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Retirement and later life </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Retirement_and_later_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Personal life </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Legacy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Honours" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honours"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Honours </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Honours-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Honours subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Honours-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Awards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 Awards </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.2 Other </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Footnotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Footnotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Footnotes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Footnotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 Bibliography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Bob Hawke</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 56 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-56" aria-hidden="true" > 56 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Bob Hawke" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A8_%D9%87%D9%88%D9%83_(%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A)" title="بوب هوك (سياسي أسترالي) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بوب هوك (سياسي أسترالي)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Bob Hawke" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BA" title="Роберт Хоўк – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Роберт Хоўк" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Bob Hawke" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Bob Hawke" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Bob Hawke" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Bob Hawke" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Bob Hawke" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Bob Hawke" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Bob Hawke" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Bob Hawke" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Bob Hawke" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Bob Hawke" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%A9" title="باب هاوک – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="باب هاوک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bob Hawke" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Bob Hawke" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%A5_%ED%98%B8%ED%81%AC" title="밥 호크 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="밥 호크" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8C%D5%B8%D5%A2%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%BF_%D5%80%D5%B8%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%84" title="Ռոբերտ Հոուք – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ռոբերտ Հոուք" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AC_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%95" title="बॉब हॉक – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="बॉब हॉक" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Bob Hawke" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bob Hawke" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Bob Hawke" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Bob Hawke" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%95%D7%91_%D7%94%D7%95%D7%A7" title="בוב הוק – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בוב הוק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robertus_Hawke" title="Robertus Hawke – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Robertus Hawke" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Hawke" title="Robert Hawke – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Robert Hawke" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Bob Hawke" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Bob Hawke" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AC_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%95" title="बॉब हॉक – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="बॉब हॉक" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A8_%D9%87%D9%88%D9%83" title="بوب هوك – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بوب هوك" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%A9" title="باب هاوک – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="باب هاوک" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bob Hawke" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Bob Hawke" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%AC_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%95" title="बब हक – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="बब हक" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9C%E3%83%96%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9B%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AF" title="ボブ・ホーク – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ボブ・ホーク" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Bob Hawke" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Bob Hawke" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%A9" title="باب هاوک – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="باب هاوک" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Bob Hawke" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Bob Hawke" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Bob Hawke" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%83%D0%BA,_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82" title="Хоук, Роберт – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хоук, Роберт" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Bob Hawke" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Bob Hawke" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Bob Hawke" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Bob Hawke" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%B9%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D" title="பாப் ஹாக் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பாப் ஹாக்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9A_%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%81" title="บ็อบ ฮอว์ก – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="บ็อบ ฮอว์ก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bob Hawke" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Роберт Гоук – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Роберт Гоук" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bob Hawke" 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Prime Minister of Australia from 1983 to 1991</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/The_Honourable" title="The Honourable">The Honourable</a></div><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Bob Hawke</div><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Companion_of_the_Order_of_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Companion of the Order of Australia">AC</a> <a href="/wiki/Grand_Companion_of_the_Order_of_Logohu" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Companion of the Order of Logohu">GCL</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Hawke_Bob_BANNER.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Hawke_Bob_BANNER.jpg/220px-Hawke_Bob_BANNER.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Hawke_Bob_BANNER.jpg/330px-Hawke_Bob_BANNER.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/06/Hawke_Bob_BANNER.jpg 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="450" /></a><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Official portrait, 1983</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">23rd <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Australia" title="Prime Minister of Australia">Prime Minister of Australia</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office 11 March 1983 – 20 December 1991</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Elizabeth II</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Governors‑General</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Ninian_Stephen" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Ninian Stephen">Sir Ninian Stephen</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Hayden" title="Bill Hayden">Bill Hayden</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Australia" title="Deputy Prime Minister of Australia">Deputy</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lionel_Bowen" title="Lionel Bowen">Lionel Bowen</a></li><li>Paul Keating</li><li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Howe_(politician)" title="Brian Howe (politician)">Brian Howe</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Fraser" title="Malcolm Fraser">Malcolm Fraser</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Keating" title="Paul Keating">Paul Keating</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">13th <a href="/wiki/Leaders_of_the_Australian_Labor_Party#Leader" title="Leaders of the Australian Labor Party">Leader of the Labor Party</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office <a href="/wiki/1983_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_spill" title="1983 Australian Labor Party leadership spill">8 February 1983</a> – 19 December 1991</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Deputy</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Lionel Bowen</li><li>Paul Keating</li><li>Brian Howe</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Bill Hayden</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Paul Keating</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(Australia)" title="Leader of the Opposition (Australia)">Leader of the Opposition</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office 8 February 1983 – 11 March 1983</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Prime Minister</th><td class="infobox-data">Malcolm Fraser</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Bill Hayden</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Peacock" title="Andrew Peacock">Andrew Peacock</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <a href="/wiki/Australian_House_of_Representatives" title="Australian House of Representatives">Australian Parliament</a> for <a href="/wiki/Division_of_Wills" title="Division of Wills">Wills</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office <a href="/wiki/1980_Australian_federal_election" title="1980 Australian federal election">18 October 1980</a> – 20 February 1992</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Bryant" title="Gordon Bryant">Gordon Bryant</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Phil_Cleary" title="Phil Cleary">Phil Cleary</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party_National_Executive#Executive_leaders" title="Australian Labor Party National Executive">National President of the Labor Party</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office 7 June 1973 – 2 August 1978</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Burns_(Australian_politician)" title="Tom Burns (Australian politician)">Tom Burns</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Neil_Batt" title="Neil Batt">Neil Batt</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Council_of_Trade_Unions#Leadership" title="Australian Council of Trade Unions">National President of the Australian Council of Trade Unions</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office 10 September 1969 – 1 September 1980</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Monk" title="Albert Monk">Albert Monk</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cliff_Dolan" title="Cliff Dolan">Cliff Dolan</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Robert James Lee Hawke</div> (1929-12-09)9 December 1929 <a href="/wiki/Bordertown,_South_Australia" title="Bordertown, South Australia">Border Town</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Australia" title="South Australia">South Australia</a>, Australia</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">16 May 2019(2019-05-16) (aged 89) <a href="/wiki/Northbridge,_New_South_Wales" title="Northbridge, New South Wales">Northbridge, New South Wales</a>, Australia</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Macquarie_Park_Cemetery_and_Crematorium" title="Macquarie Park Cemetery and Crematorium">Macquarie Park</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party" title="Australian Labor Party">Labor</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouses</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hazel_Hawke" title="Hazel Hawke">Hazel Masterson</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1956; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 1994)</div></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Blanche_d%27Alpuget" title="Blanche d'Alpuget">Blanche d'Alpuget</a> </div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1995)</div></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">4</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clem_Hawke" title="Clem Hawke">Clem Hawke</a> (father)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bert_Hawke" title="Bert Hawke">Bert Hawke</a> (uncle)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Western_Australia" title="University of Western Australia">University of Western Australia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Laws" title="Bachelor of Laws">LLB</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/University_College,_Oxford" title="University College, Oxford">University College, Oxford</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Letters" title="Bachelor of Letters">BLitt</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_National_University" title="Australian National University">Australian National University</a> (PhD, not completed)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Sir_Bob_Hawke_signature.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bob Hawke's signature"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Sir_Bob_Hawke_signature.svg/128px-Sir_Bob_Hawke_signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="51" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Sir_Bob_Hawke_signature.svg/192px-Sir_Bob_Hawke_signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Sir_Bob_Hawke_signature.svg/256px-Sir_Bob_Hawke_signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="551" data-file-height="221" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.library.unisa.edu.au/about-the-library/campus-libraries/bob-hawke-prime-ministerial-library/">Prime Ministerial Library</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-left listen noprint listen-embedded listen-noimage listen-center"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Voice_of_Bob_Hawke.ogg" title="File:Voice of Bob Hawke.ogg">Bob Hawke's voice</a></div> <div><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="215" style="width:215px;" data-durationhint="354" data-mwtitle="Voice_of_Bob_Hawke.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Voice_of_Bob_Hawke.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/Voice_of_Bob_Hawke.ogg/Voice_of_Bob_Hawke.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></div> <div class="description">Hawke speaking after a meeting with U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> 23 June 1988</div></div></div></div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks vcard hlist" style="border: 4px double #d69d36"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="font-size: 110%; padding: 0; line-height: 150%;"><table><tbody><tr> <td style="background:#F00011; color:#FFF; vertical-align:middle; padding:5px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Hawke_Bob_BANNER.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Hawke_Bob_BANNER.jpg/75px-Hawke_Bob_BANNER.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Hawke_Bob_BANNER.jpg/113px-Hawke_Bob_BANNER.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Hawke_Bob_BANNER.jpg/150px-Hawke_Bob_BANNER.jpg 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="450" /></a></td> <td style="background:#F00011; color:#FFF; vertical-align:middle; padding:6px; width:100%;">This article is part of a series about <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bob Hawke</a></td> </tr></tbody></table></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.3em;"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Early_life_and_family">Early life</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Council_of_Trade_Unions">President of the ACTU</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li>Member for <a href="/wiki/Division_of_Wills" title="Division of Wills">Wills</a> (1980–1992)</li></ul> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Member_of_Parliament,_1980–83">Shadow Minister for Industrial Relations, Employment and Youth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_spill" title="1982 Australian Labor Party leadership spill">1982 Labor Party Spill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_spill" title="1983 Australian Labor Party leadership spill">1983 Labor Party Spill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_1991_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_spill" title="June 1991 Australian Labor Party leadership spill">June 1991 Labor Party spill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_1991_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_spill" title="December 1991 Australian Labor Party leadership spill">December 1991 Labor Party spill</a></li></ul> <hr /> <a href="/wiki/Hawke_government" title="Hawke government">Prime Minister of Australia</a> <hr /> Term of government (1983–1991) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prices_and_Incomes_Accord" title="Prices and Incomes Accord">Prices and Incomes Accord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawke_government#Economic_policy" title="Hawke government">Floating the Australian dollar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawke_government#Economic_policy" title="Hawke government">Financial deregulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_Australian_referendum" title="1984 Australian referendum">1984 Australian referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawke_government#Health_care" title="Hawke government">Medicare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australia_Act_1986" title="Australia Act 1986">Australia Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_Australian_referendum" title="1988 Australian referendum">1988 Australian referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_War" title="Gulf War">Gulf War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Commission_into_Aboriginal_Deaths_in_Custody" title="Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody">RCIADIC</a></li></ul> <hr /> Ministries <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Hawke_Ministry" class="mw-redirect" title="First Hawke Ministry">First Ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Hawke_Ministry" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Hawke Ministry">Second Ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Hawke_Ministry" class="mw-redirect" title="Third Hawke Ministry">Third Ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Hawke_Ministry" class="mw-redirect" title="Fourth Hawke Ministry">Fourth Ministry</a></li></ul> <hr /> Elections <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1983_Australian_federal_election" title="1983 Australian federal election">1983</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_Australian_federal_election" title="1984 Australian federal election">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_Australian_federal_election" title="1987 Australian federal election">1987</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Australian_federal_election" title="1990 Australian federal election">1990</a></li></ul> <hr /> <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Australia" title="Government of Australia"><img alt="Government of Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Coat_of_Arms_of_Australia.svg/40px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Coat_of_Arms_of_Australia.svg/60px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Coat_of_Arms_of_Australia.svg/80px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="397" /></a></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="text-align:center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bob_Hawke_sidebar" title="Template:Bob Hawke sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bob_Hawke_sidebar" title="Template talk:Bob Hawke sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bob_Hawke_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bob Hawke sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> Robert James Lee Hawke <a href="/wiki/Companion_of_the_Order_of_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Companion of the Order of Australia">AC</a> <a href="/wiki/Grand_Companion_of_the_Order_of_Logohu" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Companion of the Order of Logohu">GCL</a> (9 December 1929 – 16 May 2019) was an Australian politician and trade unionist who served as the 23rd <a href="/wiki/Prime_minister_of_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime minister of Australia">prime minister of Australia</a> from 1983 to 1991. He held office as the leader of the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party" title="Australian Labor Party">Australian Labor Party</a> (ALP), having previously served as the president of the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Council_of_Trade_Unions" title="Australian Council of Trade Unions">Australian Council of Trade Unions</a> from 1969 to 1980 and president of the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party_National_Executive" title="Australian Labor Party National Executive">Labor Party national executive</a> from 1973 to 1978. Hawke was born in <a href="/wiki/Bordertown,_South_Australia" title="Bordertown, South Australia">Border Town</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Australia" title="South Australia">South Australia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-2">[a]</a> He attended the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Western_Australia" title="University of Western Australia">University of Western Australia</a> and went on to study at <a href="/wiki/University_College,_Oxford" title="University College, Oxford">University College, Oxford</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Rhodes_Scholarship" title="Rhodes Scholarship">Rhodes Scholar</a>. In 1956, Hawke joined the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Council_of_Trade_Unions" title="Australian Council of Trade Unions">Australian Council of Trade Unions</a> (ACTU) as a research officer. Having risen to become responsible for national wage case arbitration, he was elected as president of the ACTU in 1969, where he achieved a high public profile. In 1973, he was appointed as president of the Labor Party. In 1980, Hawke stood down from his roles as ACTU and Labor Party president to announce his intention to enter parliamentary politics, and was subsequently elected to the <a href="/wiki/Australian_House_of_Representatives" title="Australian House of Representatives">Australian House of Representatives</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Member_of_parliament" title="Member of parliament">member of parliament</a> (MP) for the <a href="/wiki/Division_of_Wills" title="Division of Wills">division of Wills</a> at the <a href="/wiki/1980_Australian_federal_election" title="1980 Australian federal election">1980 federal election</a>. Three years later, he was elected unopposed to replace <a href="/wiki/Bill_Hayden" title="Bill Hayden">Bill Hayden</a> as <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Australian_Labor_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Leader of the Australian Labor Party">leader of the Australian Labor Party</a>, and within five weeks led Labor to a <a href="/wiki/Landslide_victory" title="Landslide victory">landslide victory</a> at the <a href="/wiki/1983_Australian_federal_election" title="1983 Australian federal election">1983 election</a>, and was sworn in as prime minister.<a href="#cite_note-naa_gov_au-3">[2]</a> He led Labor to victory a further three times, with successful outcomes in <a href="/wiki/1984_Australian_federal_election" title="1984 Australian federal election">1984</a>, <a href="/wiki/1987_Australian_federal_election" title="1987 Australian federal election">1987</a> and <a href="/wiki/1990_Australian_federal_election" title="1990 Australian federal election">1990 elections</a>, making him the most electorally successful prime minister in the history of the Labor Party. The <a href="/wiki/Hawke_government" title="Hawke government">Hawke government</a> implemented a significant number of reforms, including major economic reforms, the establishment of <a href="/wiki/Landcare_Australia" title="Landcare Australia">Landcare</a>, the introduction of the <a href="/wiki/Universal_healthcare" class="mw-redirect" title="Universal healthcare">universal healthcare</a> scheme <a href="/wiki/Medicare_(Australia)" title="Medicare (Australia)">Medicare</a>, brokering the <a href="/wiki/Prices_and_Incomes_Accord" title="Prices and Incomes Accord">Prices and Incomes Accord</a>, creating <a href="/wiki/Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation" title="Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation">APEC</a>, floating the <a href="/wiki/Australian_dollar" title="Australian dollar">Australian dollar</a>, deregulating the financial sector, introducing the <a href="/wiki/Family_allowance#Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Family allowance">Family Assistance Scheme</a>, enacting the <a href="/wiki/Sex_Discrimination_Act_1984" title="Sex Discrimination Act 1984">Sex Discrimination Act</a> to prevent discrimination in the workplace, declaring "<a href="/wiki/Advance_Australia_Fair" title="Advance Australia Fair">Advance Australia Fair</a>" as the country's national anthem, initiating <a href="/wiki/Superannuation_in_Australia" title="Superannuation in Australia">superannuation pension schemes</a> for all workers, negotiating a <a href="/wiki/Protocol_on_Environmental_Protection_to_the_Antarctic_Treaty" title="Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty">ban on mining in Antarctica</a> and overseeing passage of the <a href="/wiki/Australia_Act_1986" title="Australia Act 1986">Australia Act</a> that removed all remaining jurisdiction by the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> from Australia.<a href="#cite_note-4">[3]</a> In June 1991, Hawke faced a <a href="/wiki/June_1991_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_spill" title="June 1991 Australian Labor Party leadership spill">leadership challenge</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Treasurer_of_Australia" title="Treasurer of Australia">Treasurer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Keating" title="Paul Keating">Paul Keating</a>, but Hawke managed to retain power; however, Keating mounted a <a href="/wiki/December_1991_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_spill" title="December 1991 Australian Labor Party leadership spill">second challenge</a> six months later, and won narrowly, replacing Hawke as prime minister. Hawke subsequently retired from parliament, pursuing both a business career and a number of charitable causes, until his death in 2019, aged 89. Hawke remains his party's longest-serving Prime Minister, and Australia's <a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Australia_by_time_in_office" title="List of prime ministers of Australia by time in office">third-longest-serving prime minister</a> behind <a href="/wiki/Robert_Menzies" title="Robert Menzies">Robert Menzies</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Howard" title="John Howard">John Howard</a>. He is also the only prime minister to be born in South Australia and the only one raised and educated in Western Australia. Hawke holds the highest-ever <a href="/wiki/Opinion_poll" title="Opinion poll">approval rating</a> for an Australian prime minister, reaching 75% approval in 1984.<a href="#cite_note-Coorey-2008-5">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[5]</a> Hawke is frequently <a href="/wiki/Historical_rankings_of_prime_ministers_of_Australia" title="Historical rankings of prime ministers of Australia">ranked within the upper tier</a> of Australian prime ministers by historians.<a href="#cite_note-age1-7">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-8">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-10">[9]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_family">Early life and family</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bob_Hawke&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and family">edit</a>]</div> Bob Hawke was born on 9 December 1929 in <a href="/wiki/Bordertown,_South_Australia" title="Bordertown, South Australia">Border Town</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Australia" title="South Australia">South Australia</a>,<a href="#cite_note-11">[10]</a> the second child of <a href="/wiki/Clem_Hawke" title="Clem Hawke">Arthur "Clem" Hawke</a> (1898–1989), a <a href="/wiki/Congregationalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregationalist">Congregationalist</a> minister, and his wife Edith Emily (Lee) (1897–1979)<a href="#cite_note-fathersdeath-12">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-mothersdeath-13">[12]</a> (known as Ellie), a schoolteacher.<a href="#cite_note-14">[13]</a> His uncle, <a href="/wiki/Bert_Hawke" title="Bert Hawke">Bert</a>, was the Labor <a href="/wiki/Premier_of_Western_Australia" title="Premier of Western Australia">premier of Western Australia</a> between 1953 and 1959.<a href="#cite_note-Clench-2019-15">[14]</a> Hawke's brother Neil, who was seven years his senior, died at the age of seventeen after contracting <a href="/wiki/Meningitis" title="Meningitis">meningitis</a>, for which there was no cure at the time.<a href="#cite_note-Clench-2019-15">[14]</a> Ellie Hawke subsequently developed an almost messianic belief in her son's destiny, and this contributed to Hawke's supreme self-confidence throughout his career.<a href="#cite_note-16">[15]</a> At the age of fifteen, he presciently boasted to friends that he would one day become the <a href="/wiki/Prime_minister_of_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime minister of Australia">prime minister of Australia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-17">[16]</a> At the age of seventeen, Hawke had a serious crash while riding his <a href="/wiki/Phelon_%26_Moore#Panther_motorcycles" title="Phelon & Moore">Panther motorcycle</a> that left him in a critical condition for several days. This near-death experience acted as his catalyst, driving him to make the most of his talents and not let his abilities go to waste.<a href="#cite_note-18">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-19">[18]</a> He joined the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party" title="Australian Labor Party">Labor Party</a> in 1947 at the age of eighteen.<a href="#cite_note-20">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-21">[20]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education_and_early_career">Education and early career</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bob_Hawke&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Education and early career">edit</a>]</div> Hawke was educated at West Leederville State School, <a href="/wiki/Perth_Modern_School" title="Perth Modern School">Perth Modern School</a> and the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Western_Australia" title="University of Western Australia">University of Western Australia</a>, graduating in 1952 with Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws degrees. He was also president of the university's guild during the same year.<a href="#cite_note-22">[21]</a> The following year, Hawke won a <a href="/wiki/Rhodes_Scholarship" title="Rhodes Scholarship">Rhodes Scholarship</a> to attend <a href="/wiki/University_College,_Oxford" title="University College, Oxford">University College, Oxford</a>, where he began a Bachelor of Arts course in <a href="/wiki/Philosophy,_politics_and_economics" title="Philosophy, politics and economics">philosophy, politics and economics</a> (PPE).<a href="#cite_note-23">[22]</a> He soon found he was covering much the same ground as he had in his education at the University of Western Australia, and transferred to a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Letters" title="Bachelor of Letters">Bachelor of Letters</a> course. He wrote his thesis on wage-fixing in Australia and successfully presented it in January 1956.<a href="#cite_note-Hawke-24">[23]</a> In 1956, Hawke accepted a scholarship to undertake doctoral studies in the area of arbitration law in the law department at the <a href="/wiki/Australian_National_University" title="Australian National University">Australian National University</a> in <a href="/wiki/Canberra" title="Canberra">Canberra</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Hawke-24">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hurst-25">[24]</a> Soon after his arrival at ANU, he became the students' representative on the University Council.<a href="#cite_note-Hurst-25">[24]</a> A year later, he was recommended to the President of the <a href="/wiki/ACTU" class="mw-redirect" title="ACTU">ACTU</a> to become a research officer, replacing Harold Souter who had become ACTU Secretary. The recommendation was made by Hawke's mentor at ANU, H. P. Brown, who for a number of years had assisted the ACTU in national wage cases. Hawke decided to abandon his doctoral studies and accept the offer, moving to <a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a> with his wife <a href="/wiki/Hazel_Hawke" title="Hazel Hawke">Hazel</a>.<a href="#cite_note-26">[25]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_record_beer_skol_(scull)">World record beer skol (scull)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bob_Hawke&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: World record beer skol (scull)">edit</a>]</div> Hawke is well known for a "world record" allegedly achieved at Oxford University for a beer skol (scull) of a yard of ale in 11 seconds. The record is widely regarded as having been important to his career and <a href="/wiki/Ocker" title="Ocker">ocker</a> chic image.<a href="#cite_note-27">[26]</a> A 2023 article in the Journal of Australian Studies by <a href="/wiki/C._J._Coventry" title="C. J. Coventry">C. J. Coventry</a> concluded that Hawke's achievement was "possibly fabricated" and "cultural propaganda" designed to make Hawke appealing to unionised workers and nationalistic middle-class voters.<a href="#cite_note-28">[27]</a> The article contends that "its location and time remain uncertain; there are no known witnesses; the field of competition was exclusive and with no scientific accountability; the record was first published in a beer pamphlet; and Hawke's recollections were unreliable."<a href="#cite_note-29">[28]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Australian_Council_of_Trade_Unions">Australian Council of Trade Unions</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bob_Hawke&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Australian Council of Trade Unions">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bob_Hawke_elected_President_of_the_ACTU,_Paddington_Town_Hall,_Sydney,_10_September_1969_-_Uwe_Kuessner,_Australian_Photographic_Agency_(5757040416).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Bob_Hawke_elected_President_of_the_ACTU%2C_Paddington_Town_Hall%2C_Sydney%2C_10_September_1969_-_Uwe_Kuessner%2C_Australian_Photographic_Agency_%285757040416%29.jpg/220px-Bob_Hawke_elected_President_of_the_ACTU%2C_Paddington_Town_Hall%2C_Sydney%2C_10_September_1969_-_Uwe_Kuessner%2C_Australian_Photographic_Agency_%285757040416%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="239" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Bob_Hawke_elected_President_of_the_ACTU%2C_Paddington_Town_Hall%2C_Sydney%2C_10_September_1969_-_Uwe_Kuessner%2C_Australian_Photographic_Agency_%285757040416%29.jpg/330px-Bob_Hawke_elected_President_of_the_ACTU%2C_Paddington_Town_Hall%2C_Sydney%2C_10_September_1969_-_Uwe_Kuessner%2C_Australian_Photographic_Agency_%285757040416%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Bob_Hawke_elected_President_of_the_ACTU%2C_Paddington_Town_Hall%2C_Sydney%2C_10_September_1969_-_Uwe_Kuessner%2C_Australian_Photographic_Agency_%285757040416%29.jpg/440px-Bob_Hawke_elected_President_of_the_ACTU%2C_Paddington_Town_Hall%2C_Sydney%2C_10_September_1969_-_Uwe_Kuessner%2C_Australian_Photographic_Agency_%285757040416%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1905" data-file-height="2070" /></a><figcaption>Hawke is elected President of the ACTU at <a href="/wiki/Paddington_Town_Hall" title="Paddington Town Hall">Paddington Town Hall</a>, Sydney, 10 September 1969</figcaption></figure> Not long after Hawke began work at the ACTU, he became responsible for the presentation of its annual case for higher wages to the national wages tribunal, the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Conciliation_and_Arbitration_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Commonwealth Conciliation and Arbitration Commission">Commonwealth Conciliation and Arbitration Commission</a>. He was first appointed as an ACTU advocate in 1959. The 1958 case, under previous advocate R.L. Eggleston, had yielded only a five-shilling increase.<a href="#cite_note-30">[29]</a> The 1959 case found for a fifteen-shilling increase, and was regarded as a personal triumph for Hawke.<a href="#cite_note-31">[30]</a> He went on to attain such success and prominence in his role as an ACTU advocate that, in 1969, he was encouraged to run for the position of ACTU President, despite the fact that he had never held elected office in a trade union.<a href="#cite_note-Bramble-2008-32">[31]</a> He was elected ACTU President in 1969 on a modernising platform by the narrow margin of 399 to 350, with the support of the left of the union movement, including some associated with the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Australia" title="Communist Party of Australia">Communist Party of Australia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-33">[32]</a> He later credited <a href="/wiki/Ray_Gietzelt" title="Ray Gietzelt">Ray Gietzelt</a>, General Secretary of the <a href="/wiki/FMWU" class="mw-redirect" title="FMWU">FMWU</a>, as the single most significant union figure in helping him achieve this outcome.<a href="#cite_note-34">[33]</a> Questioned after his election on his political stance, Hawke stated that "socialist is not a word I would use to describe myself", saying instead his approach to politics was <a href="/wiki/Pragmatism" title="Pragmatism">pragmatic</a>.<a href="#cite_note-35">[34]</a> His commitment to the cause of Jewish <a href="/wiki/Refuseniks" class="mw-redirect" title="Refuseniks">Refuseniks</a> purportedly led to a planned assassination attempt on Hawke by the <a href="/wiki/Popular_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine" title="Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine">Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine</a>, and its Australian operative <a href="/wiki/Munif_Mohammed_Abou_Rish" title="Munif Mohammed Abou Rish">Munif Mohammed Abou Rish</a>.<a href="#cite_note-36">[35]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bob_Hawke_1970.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Bob_Hawke_1970.jpg/170px-Bob_Hawke_1970.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Bob_Hawke_1970.jpg/255px-Bob_Hawke_1970.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Bob_Hawke_1970.jpg/340px-Bob_Hawke_1970.jpg 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>Hawke as ACTU President in 1970</figcaption></figure> In 1971, Hawke along with other members of the ACTU requested that South Africa send a non-racially biased team for the <a href="/wiki/1971_South_Africa_rugby_union_tour_of_Australia" title="1971 South Africa rugby union tour of Australia">rugby union tour</a>, with the intention of unions agreeing not to serve the team in Australia. Prior to arrival, the Western Australian branch of the <a href="/wiki/Transport_Workers%27_Union_of_Australia" title="Transport Workers' Union of Australia">Transport Workers' Union</a>, and the Barmaids' and Barmens' Union, announced that they would serve the team, which allowed the <a href="/wiki/South_Africa_national_rugby_union_team" title="South Africa national rugby union team">Springboks</a> to land in Perth. The tour commenced on 26 June and riots occurred as anti-apartheid protesters disrupted games. Hawke and his family started to receive malicious mail and phone calls from people who thought that sport and politics should not mix. Hawke remained committed to the ban on apartheid teams and later that year, the South African cricket team was successfully denied and no apartheid team was to ever come to Australia again. It was this ongoing dedication to racial equality in South Africa that would later earn Hawke the respect and friendship of <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a>.<a href="#cite_note-37">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-38">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-39">[38]</a> In industrial matters, Hawke continued to demonstrate a preference for, and considerable skill at, negotiation, and was generally liked and respected by employers as well as the unions he advocated for. As early as 1972, speculation began that he would seek to enter the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Australia" title="Parliament of Australia">Parliament of Australia</a> and eventually run to become the <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Australian_Labor_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Leader of the Australian Labor Party">Leader of the Australian Labor Party</a>. But while his professional career continued successfully, his heavy drinking and womanising placed considerable strains on his family life.<a href="#cite_note-40">[39]</a> In June 1973, Hawke was elected as the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party" title="Australian Labor Party">Federal President of the Labor Party</a>. Two years later, when the <a href="/wiki/Gough_Whitlam" title="Gough Whitlam">Whitlam government</a> was controversially <a href="/wiki/1975_Australian_constitutional_crisis" title="1975 Australian constitutional crisis">dismissed by the Governor-General</a>, Hawke showed an initial keenness to enter Parliament at the <a href="/wiki/1975_Australian_federal_election" title="1975 Australian federal election">ensuing election</a>. <a href="/wiki/Harry_Jenkins_Sr." title="Harry Jenkins Sr.">Harry Jenkins</a>, the MP for <a href="/wiki/Division_of_Scullin" title="Division of Scullin">Scullin</a>, came under pressure to step down to allow Hawke to stand in his place, but he strongly resisted this push.<a href="#cite_note-41">[40]</a> Hawke eventually decided not to attempt to enter Parliament at that time, a decision he soon regretted. After Labor was defeated at the election, Whitlam initially offered the leadership to Hawke, although it was not within Whitlam's power to decide who would succeed him.<a href="#cite_note-42">[41]</a> Despite not taking on the offer, Hawke remained influential, playing a key role in averting national strike action.<a href="#cite_note-43">[42]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/1977_Australian_federal_election" title="1977 Australian federal election">1977 federal election</a>, he emerged as a strident opponent of accepting <a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_boat_people" title="Vietnamese boat people">Vietnamese boat people</a> as refugees into Australia, stating that they should be subject to normal immigration requirements and should otherwise be deported. He further stated only refugees selected off-shore should be accepted.<a href="#cite_note-44">[43]</a> Hawke resigned as President of the Labor Party in August 1978. <a href="/wiki/Neil_Batt" title="Neil Batt">Neil Batt</a> was elected in his place.<a href="#cite_note-45">[44]</a> The strain of this period took its toll on Hawke and in 1979 he suffered a physical collapse. This shock led Hawke to publicly announce his alcoholism in a television interview, and that he would make a concerted—and ultimately successful—effort to overcome it. He was helped through this period by the relationship that he had established with writer <a href="/wiki/Blanche_d%27Alpuget" title="Blanche d'Alpuget">Blanche d'Alpuget</a>, who, in 1982, published a biography of Hawke. His popularity with the public was, if anything, enhanced by this period of rehabilitation, and opinion polling suggested that he was a more popular public figure than either Labor Leader <a href="/wiki/Bill_Hayden" title="Bill Hayden">Bill Hayden</a> or <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Australia" title="Liberal Party of Australia">Liberal</a> Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Fraser" title="Malcolm Fraser">Malcolm Fraser</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Informer_for_the_United_States">Informer for the United States</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bob_Hawke&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Informer for the United States">edit</a>]</div> During the period of 1973 to 1979, Hawke acted as an <a href="/wiki/Informant" title="Informant">informant</a> for the United States government. According to Coventry, Hawke as concurrent leader of the ACTU and ALP informed the US of details surrounding labour disputes, especially those relating to American companies and individuals, such as union disputes with <a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford Motor Company</a> and the <a href="/wiki/General_strike" title="General strike">black ban</a> of <a href="/wiki/Frank_Sinatra" title="Frank Sinatra">Frank Sinatra</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Coventry-2021-46">[45]</a> The major industrial action taken against Sinatra came about because Sinatra had made sexist comments against female journalists. The dispute was the subject of the 2003 film <a href="/wiki/The_Night_We_Called_It_a_Day_(film)" title="The Night We Called It a Day (film)">The Night We Called It a Day</a>. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote">In retaliation, unions grounded Sinatra's private jet in Melbourne, demanding he apologise. The popular view was that Mr Hawke engaged in protracted, boozy negotiations with Ol' Blue Eyes to reach a settlement. The [diplomatic] cables say the US embassy reached a deal with Mr Hawke to end the standoff, no apology was sought from Sinatra and that most of Mr Hawke's time was spent with the singer's lawyer.<a href="#cite_note-47">[46]</a></blockquote> Hawke was described by US diplomats as "a bulwark against anti-American sentiment and resurgent communism during the economic turmoil of the 1970s", and often disputed with the <a href="/wiki/Whitlam_government" title="Whitlam government">Whitlam government</a> over issues of foreign policy and industrial relations. US diplomats played a major role in shaping Hawke's consensus politics and economics.<a href="#cite_note-Coventry-2021-46">[45]</a> Although Hawke was the most prolific Australian informer for the United States in the 1970s, there were other prominent people at that time who secretly gave information.<a href="#cite_note-48">[47]</a> Biographer Troy Bramston rejects the view that Hawke's prolonged, discreet involvement with known members of the <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a> within the US Embassy amounted to Hawke being a CIA "spy".<a href="#cite_note-49">[48]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Member_of_Parliament">Member of Parliament</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bob_Hawke&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Member of Parliament">edit</a>]</div> Hawke's first attempt to enter Parliament came during the <a href="/wiki/1963_Australian_federal_election" title="1963 Australian federal election">1963 federal election</a>. He stood in the seat of <a href="/wiki/Division_of_Corio" title="Division of Corio">Corio</a> in <a href="/wiki/Geelong" title="Geelong">Geelong</a> and managed to achieve a 3.1% swing against the national trend, although he fell short of ousting longtime Liberal incumbent <a href="/wiki/Hubert_Opperman" title="Hubert Opperman">Hubert Opperman</a>.<a href="#cite_note-50">[49]</a> Hawke rejected several opportunities to enter Parliament throughout the 1970s, something he later wrote that he "regretted". He eventually stood for election to the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Australia)" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Representatives (Australia)">House of Representatives</a> at the <a href="/wiki/1980_Australian_federal_election" title="1980 Australian federal election">1980 election</a> for the safe <a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a> seat of <a href="/wiki/Division_of_Wills" title="Division of Wills">Wills</a>, winning it comfortably. Immediately upon his election to Parliament, Hawke was appointed to the <a href="/wiki/Shadow_Cabinet" class="mw-redirect" title="Shadow Cabinet">Shadow Cabinet</a> by Labor Leader <a href="/wiki/Bill_Hayden" title="Bill Hayden">Bill Hayden</a> as Shadow Minister for Industrial Relations.<a href="#cite_note-51">[50]</a> Hayden, after having led the Labor Party to narrowly lose the 1980 election, was increasingly subject to criticism from Labor MPs over his leadership style. To quell speculation over his position, Hayden called a leadership spill on 16 July 1982, believing that if he won he would be guaranteed to lead Labor through to the next election.<a href="#cite_note-52">[51]</a> Hawke decided to challenge Hayden in the spill, but Hayden defeated him by five votes; the margin of victory, however, was too slim to dispel doubts that he could lead the Labor Party to victory at an election.<a href="#cite_note-53">[52]</a> Despite his defeat, Hawke began to agitate more seriously behind the scenes for a change in leadership, with opinion polls continuing to show that Hawke was a far more popular public figure than both Hayden and Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Fraser" title="Malcolm Fraser">Malcolm Fraser</a>. Hayden was further weakened after Labor's unexpectedly poor performance at a <a href="/wiki/1982_Flinders_by-election" title="1982 Flinders by-election">by-election</a> in December 1982 for the Victorian seat of <a href="/wiki/Division_of_Flinders" title="Division of Flinders">Flinders</a>, following the resignation of the sitting member, former deputy Liberal leader <a href="/wiki/Phillip_Lynch" title="Phillip Lynch">Phillip Lynch</a>. Labor needed a swing of 5.5% to win the seat and had been predicted by the media to win, but could only achieve 3%.<a href="#cite_note-Hurst-2-54">[53]</a> Labor Party power-brokers, such as <a href="/wiki/Graham_Richardson" title="Graham Richardson">Graham Richardson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Barrie_Unsworth" title="Barrie Unsworth">Barrie Unsworth</a>, now openly switched their allegiance from Hayden to Hawke.<a href="#cite_note-Hurst-2-54">[53]</a> More significantly, Hayden's staunch friend and political ally, Labor's <a href="/wiki/Australian_Senate" title="Australian Senate">Senate Leader</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Button_(Australian_politician)" title="John Button (Australian politician)">John Button</a>, had become convinced that Hawke's chances of victory at an election were greater than Hayden's. Initially, Hayden believed that he could remain in his job, but Button's defection proved to be the final straw in convincing Hayden that he would have to resign as Labor Leader.<a href="#cite_note-Hurst-3-55">[54]</a> Less than two months after the Flinders by-election result, Hayden announced his resignation as Leader of the Labor Party on 3 February 1983. Hawke was subsequently elected as Leader unopposed on 8 February,<a href="#cite_note-naa_gov_au-3">[2]</a> and became <a href="/wiki/List_of_Australian_Leaders_of_the_Opposition" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Australian Leaders of the Opposition">Leader of the Opposition</a> in the process.<a href="#cite_note-Hurst-3-55">[54]</a> Having learned that morning about the possible leadership change, on the same that Hawke assumed the leadership of the Labor Party, Malcolm Fraser called a <a href="/wiki/1983_Australian_federal_election" title="1983 Australian federal election">snap election for 5 March 1983</a>, unsuccessfully attempting to prevent Labor from making the leadership change.<a href="#cite_note-56">[55]</a> However, he was unable to have the <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_Australia" title="Governor-General of Australia">Governor-General</a> confirm the election before Labor announced the change. At the 1983 election, Hawke led Labor to a landslide victory, achieving a 24-seat swing and ending seven years of <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Australia" title="Liberal Party of Australia">Liberal Party</a> rule. With the election called at the same time that Hawke became Labor leader this meant that Hawke never sat in Parliament as Leader of the Opposition having spent the entirety of his short Opposition leadership in the election campaign which he won.<a href="#cite_note-57">[56]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prime_Minister_of_Australia_(1983–1991)">Prime Minister of Australia (1983–1991)</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bob_Hawke&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Prime Minister of Australia (1983–1991)">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Hawke_government" title="Hawke government">Hawke government</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Leadership_style">Leadership style</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bob_Hawke&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Leadership style">edit</a>]</div> After Labor's landslide victory, Hawke was sworn in as the Prime Minister by the Governor-General <a href="/wiki/Ninian_Stephen" title="Ninian Stephen">Ninian Stephen</a> on 11 March 1983. The style of the <a href="/wiki/Hawke_government" title="Hawke government">Hawke government</a> was deliberately distinct from the <a href="/wiki/Whitlam_government" title="Whitlam government">Whitlam government</a>, the Labor government that preceded it. Rather than immediately initiating multiple extensive reform programs as Whitlam had, Hawke announced that <a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Fraser" title="Malcolm Fraser">Malcolm Fraser</a>'s pre-election concealment of the budget deficit meant that many of Labor's election commitments would have to be deferred.<a href="#cite_note-Kelly-3-58">[57]</a> As part of his internal reforms package, Hawke divided the government into two tiers, with only the most senior ministers sitting in the <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Australia" title="Cabinet of Australia">Cabinet of Australia</a>. The Labor caucus was still given the authority to determine who would make up the Ministry, but this move gave Hawke unprecedented powers to empower individual ministers.<a href="#cite_note-Kelly-59">[58]</a> After Australia won the <a href="/wiki/1983_America%27s_Cup" title="1983 America's Cup">America's Cup</a> in 1983 Hawke said "any boss who sacks anyone for not turning up today is a bum", effectively declaring an impromptu national public holiday.<a href="#cite_note-60">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-62">[61]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BannonHawke.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/BannonHawke.jpg/220px-BannonHawke.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/BannonHawke.jpg/330px-BannonHawke.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/BannonHawke.jpg/440px-BannonHawke.jpg 2x" data-file-width="559" data-file-height="433" /></a><figcaption>Hawke presenting a relief cheque to <a href="/wiki/John_Bannon" title="John Bannon">John Bannon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Premier_of_South_Australia" title="Premier of South Australia">Premier of South Australia</a> following the 1983 <a href="/wiki/Ash_Wednesday_bushfires" title="Ash Wednesday bushfires">Ash Wednesday bushfires</a></figcaption></figure> In particular, the political partnership that developed between Hawke and his <a href="/wiki/Treasurer_of_Australia" title="Treasurer of Australia">Treasurer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Keating" title="Paul Keating">Paul Keating</a>, proved to be essential to Labor's success in government, with multiple Labor figures in years since citing the partnership as the party's greatest ever.<a href="#cite_note-63">[62]</a> The two men proved a study in contrasts: Hawke was a <a href="/wiki/Rhodes_Scholarship" title="Rhodes Scholarship">Rhodes Scholar</a>; Keating left high school early.<a href="#cite_note-64">[63]</a> Hawke's enthusiasms were cigars, betting and most forms of sport; Keating preferred <a href="/wiki/Classical_architecture" title="Classical architecture">classical architecture</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Mahler" title="Gustav Mahler">Mahler</a> symphonies and collecting <a href="/wiki/British_Regency" class="mw-redirect" title="British Regency">British Regency</a> and <a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">French Empire</a> antiques.<a href="#cite_note-65">[64]</a> Despite not knowing one another before Hawke assumed the leadership in 1983, the two formed a personal as well as political relationship which enabled the Government to pursue a significant number of reforms, although there were occasional points of tension between the two.<a href="#cite_note-66">[65]</a> The Labor Caucus under Hawke also developed a more formalised system of parliamentary <a href="/wiki/Political_faction" title="Political faction">factions</a>, which significantly altered the dynamics of caucus operations.<a href="#cite_note-Kelly-59">[58]</a> Unlike many of his predecessor leaders, Hawke's authority within the Labor Party was absolute. This enabled him to persuade MPs to support a substantial set of policy changes which had not been considered achievable by Labor governments in the past. Individual accounts from ministers indicate that while Hawke was not often the driving force behind individual reforms, outside of broader economic changes, he took on the role of providing political guidance on what was electorally feasible and how best to sell it to the public, tasks at which he proved highly successful. Hawke took on a very public role as Prime Minister, campaigning frequently even outside of election periods, and for much of his time in office proved to be incredibly popular with the Australian electorate; to this date he still holds the highest ever <a href="/wiki/Nielsen_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Nielsen Corporation">AC Nielsen</a> approval rating of 75%.<a href="#cite_note-Coorey-2008-5">[4]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Economic_policy">Economic policy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bob_Hawke&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Economic policy">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hawke_Reagan1985.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Hawke_Reagan1985.jpg/170px-Hawke_Reagan1985.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Hawke_Reagan1985.jpg/255px-Hawke_Reagan1985.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Hawke_Reagan1985.jpg 2x" data-file-width="305" data-file-height="448" /></a><figcaption>Hawke and US President <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> at the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> in November 1984</figcaption></figure> The Hawke government oversaw significant economic reforms, and is often cited by economic historians as being a "turning point" from a protectionist, agricultural model to a more globalised and services-oriented economy. According to the journalist <a href="/wiki/Paul_Kelly_(journalist)" title="Paul Kelly (journalist)">Paul Kelly</a>, "the most influential economic decisions of the 1980s were the floating of the Australian dollar and the deregulation of the financial system".<a href="#cite_note-Kelly-2-67">[66]</a> Although the <a href="/wiki/Fraser_government" title="Fraser government">Fraser government</a> had played a part in the process of financial deregulation by commissioning the 1981 Campbell Report, opposition from Fraser himself had stalled this process.<a href="#cite_note-68">[67]</a> Shortly after its election in 1983, the Hawke government took the opportunity to implement a comprehensive program of economic reform, in the process "transform(ing) economics and politics in Australia".<a href="#cite_note-Kelly-2-67">[66]</a> Hawke and Keating together led the process for overseeing the economic changes by launching a "National Economic Summit" one month after their election in 1983, which brought together business and industrial leaders together with politicians and trade union leaders; the three-day summit led to a unanimous adoption of a national economic strategy, generating sufficient political capital for widespread reform to follow.<a href="#cite_note-69">[68]</a> Among other reforms, the Hawke government <a href="/wiki/History_of_Australian_currency" title="History of Australian currency">floated the Australian dollar</a>, repealed rules that prohibited foreign-owned banks to operate in Australia, dismantled the protectionist tariff system, privatised several state sector industries, ended the subsidisation of loss-making industries, and sold off part of the state-owned <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Bank" title="Commonwealth Bank">Commonwealth Bank</a>.<a href="#cite_note-70">[69]</a> The taxation system was also significantly reformed, with income tax rates reduced and the introduction of a fringe benefits tax and a capital gains tax; the latter two reforms were strongly opposed by the Liberal Party at the time, but were never reversed by them when they eventually returned to office in 1996.<a href="#cite_note-71">[70]</a> Partially offsetting these imposts upon the business community—the "main loser" from the 1985 Tax Summit according to Paul Kelly—was the introduction of full <a href="/wiki/Dividend_imputation" title="Dividend imputation">dividend imputation</a>, a reform insisted upon by Keating.<a href="#cite_note-72">[71]</a> Funding for schools was also considerably increased as part of this package, while financial assistance was provided for students to enable them to stay at school longer; the number of Australian children completing school rose from 3 in 10 at the beginning of the Hawke government to 7 in 10 by its conclusion in 1991. Considerable progress was also made in directing assistance "to the most disadvantaged recipients over the whole range of welfare benefits."<a href="#cite_note-73">[72]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Social_and_environmental_policy">Social and environmental policy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bob_Hawke&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Social and environmental policy">edit</a>]</div> Although criticisms were leveled against the Hawke government that it did not achieve all it said it would do on social policy, it nevertheless enacting a series of reforms which remain in place to the present day.<a href="#cite_note-74">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-75">[74]</a> From 1983 to 1989, the Government oversaw the permanent establishment of <a href="/wiki/Universal_health_care" title="Universal health care">universal health care</a> in Australia with the creation of <a href="/wiki/Medicare_(Australia)" title="Medicare (Australia)">Medicare</a>, doubled the number of subsidised childcare places, began the <a href="/wiki/Superannuation_in_Australia" title="Superannuation in Australia">introduction of occupational superannuation</a>, oversaw a significant increase in school retention rates, created subsidised homecare services, oversaw the elimination of poverty traps in the welfare system, increased the real value of the old-age pension, reintroduced the six-monthly indexation of single-person unemployment benefits, and established a wide-ranging programme for paid family support, known as the Family Income Supplement.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-76">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-77">[76]</a> During the 1980s, the proportion of total government outlays allocated to families, the sick, single parents, widows, the handicapped, and veterans was significantly higher than under the previous Fraser and Whitlam governments.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-76">[75]</a> In 1984, the Hawke government enacted the landmark <a href="/wiki/Sex_Discrimination_Act_1984" title="Sex Discrimination Act 1984">Sex Discrimination Act 1984</a>, which eliminated discrimination on the grounds of sex within the workplace.<a href="#cite_note-78">[77]</a> In 1989, Hawke oversaw the gradual re-introduction of some tuition fees for university study, creating set up the <a href="/wiki/Higher_Education_Contributions_Scheme" class="mw-redirect" title="Higher Education Contributions Scheme">Higher Education Contributions Scheme</a> (HECS).<a href="#cite_note-79">[78]</a> Under the original HECS, a $1,800 fee was charged to all university students, and the Commonwealth paid the balance. A student could defer payment of this HECS amount and repay the debt through the tax system, when the student's income exceeds a threshold level. As part of the reforms, Colleges of Advanced Education entered the university sector by various means. by doing so, university places were able to be expanded. Further notable policy decisions taken during the Government's time in office included the <a href="/wiki/HIV/AIDS_in_Australia" title="HIV/AIDS in Australia">public health campaign</a> regarding HIV/AIDS, and Indigenous land rights reform, with an investigation of the idea of a treaty between Aborigines and the Government being launched, although the latter would be overtaken by events, notably the <a href="/wiki/Mabo_v_Queensland_(No_2)" title="Mabo v Queensland (No 2)">Mabo court decision</a>.<a href="#cite_note-80">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gardiner-Garden-81">[80]</a> The Hawke government also drew attention for a series of notable environmental decisions, particularly in its second and third terms. In 1983, Hawke personally vetoed the construction of the <a href="/wiki/Franklin_Dam" class="mw-redirect" title="Franklin Dam">Franklin Dam</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tasmania" title="Tasmania">Tasmania</a>, responding to a groundswell of protest around the issue.<a href="#cite_note-82">[81]</a> Hawke also secured the nomination of the <a href="/wiki/Wet_Tropics_of_Queensland" title="Wet Tropics of Queensland">Wet Tropics of Queensland</a> as a <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Site</a> in 1987, preventing the forests there from being logged. Hawke would later appoint <a href="/wiki/Graham_Richardson" title="Graham Richardson">Graham Richardson</a> as Environment Minister, tasking him with winning the second-preference support from environmental parties, something which Richardson later claimed was the major factor in the government's narrow re-election at the <a href="/wiki/1990_Australian_federal_election" title="1990 Australian federal election">1990 election</a>.<a href="#cite_note-83">[82]</a> In the Government's fourth term, Hawke personally led the Australian delegation to secure changes to the <a href="/wiki/Protocol_on_Environmental_Protection_to_the_Antarctic_Treaty" title="Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty">Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty</a>, ultimately winning a guarantee that drilling for minerals within <a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a> would be totally prohibited until 2048 at the earliest.<a href="#cite_note-84">[83]</a> Hawke later claimed that the Antarctic drilling ban was his "proudest achievement".<a href="#cite_note-85">[84]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Industrial_relations_policy">Industrial relations policy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bob_Hawke&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Industrial relations policy">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Prices_and_Incomes_Accord" title="Prices and Incomes Accord">Prices and Incomes Accord</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bob_Hawke_in_1980.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Bob_Hawke_in_1980.jpg/170px-Bob_Hawke_in_1980.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Bob_Hawke_in_1980.jpg/255px-Bob_Hawke_in_1980.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Bob_Hawke_in_1980.jpg/340px-Bob_Hawke_in_1980.jpg 2x" data-file-width="644" data-file-height="859" /></a><figcaption>Hawke addresses the Labour Day crowd, 1980</figcaption></figure> As a former ACTU President, Hawke was well-placed to engage in reform of the industrial relations system in Australia, taking a lead on this policy area as in few others. Working closely with ministerial colleagues and the ACTU Secretary, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Kelty" title="Bill Kelty">Bill Kelty</a>, Hawke negotiated with trade unions to establish the <a href="/wiki/Prices_and_Incomes_Accord" title="Prices and Incomes Accord">Prices and Incomes Accord</a> in 1983, an agreement whereby unions agreed to restrict their demands for wage increases, and in turn the Government guaranteed to both minimise inflation and promote an increased social wage, including by establishing new social programmes such as Medicare.<a href="#cite_note-industrialpolicy-86">[85]</a> Inflation had been a significant issue for the previous decade prior to the election of the Hawke government, regularly running into double-digits. The process of the Accord, by which the Government and trade unions would arbitrate and agree upon wage increases in many sectors, led to a decrease in both inflation and unemployment through to 1990. Criticisms of the Accord would come from both the right and the left of politics. Left-wing critics claimed that it kept real wages stagnant, and that the Accord was a policy of <a href="/wiki/Class_collaboration" title="Class collaboration">class collaboration</a> and <a href="/wiki/Corporatism" title="Corporatism">corporatism</a>. By contrast, right-wing critics claimed that the Accord reduced the flexibility of the wages system. Supporters of the Accord, however, pointed to the improvements in the social security system that occurred, including the introduction of rental assistance for social security recipients, the creation of labour market schemes such as NewStart, and the introduction of the Family Income Supplement.<a href="#cite_note-87">[86]</a> In 1986, the Hawke government passed a bill to de-register the <a href="/wiki/Builders_Labourers_Federation" title="Builders Labourers Federation">Builders Labourers Federation</a> federally due to the union not following the Accord agreements.<a href="#cite_note-88">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-89">[88]</a> Despite a percentage fall in real money wages from 1983 to 1991, the social wage of Australian workers was argued by the Government to have improved drastically as a result of these reforms, and the ensuing decline in inflation.<a href="#cite_note-90">[89]</a> The Accord was revisited six further times during the Hawke government, each time in response to new economic developments. The seventh and final revisiting would ultimately lead to the establishment of the <a href="/wiki/Enterprise_bargaining_agreement" title="Enterprise bargaining agreement">enterprise bargaining</a> system, although this would be finalised shortly after Hawke left office in 1991. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign_policy">Foreign policy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bob_Hawke&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Foreign policy">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bob_and_Hazel_Hawke_1987.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Bob_and_Hazel_Hawke_1987.jpg/170px-Bob_and_Hazel_Hawke_1987.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Bob_and_Hazel_Hawke_1987.jpg/255px-Bob_and_Hazel_Hawke_1987.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Bob_and_Hazel_Hawke_1987.jpg/340px-Bob_and_Hazel_Hawke_1987.jpg 2x" data-file-width="675" data-file-height="926" /></a><figcaption>Hawke with wife <a href="/wiki/Hazel_Hawke" title="Hazel Hawke">Hazel</a> in Moscow, 1987</figcaption></figure> Arguably the most significant foreign policy achievement of the Government took place in 1989, after Hawke proposed a south-east Asian region-wide forum for leaders and economic ministers to discuss issues of common concern. After winning the support of key countries in the region, this led to the creation of the <a href="/wiki/Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation" title="Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation">Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation</a> (APEC).<a href="#cite_note-History-91">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-pecc.org-92">[91]</a> The <a href="/wiki/APEC_Australia_1989" title="APEC Australia 1989">first APEC meeting</a> duly took place in <a href="/wiki/Canberra" title="Canberra">Canberra</a> in November 1989; the economic ministers of Australia, <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a>, Canada, Indonesia, Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, New Zealand, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and the United States all attended. APEC would subsequently grow to become one of the most pre-eminent high-level international forums in the world, particularly after the later inclusions of China and Russia, and the <a href="/wiki/Keating_government" title="Keating government">Keating government</a>'s later establishment of the APEC Leaders' Forum.<a href="#cite_note-History-91">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-pecc.org-92">[91]</a> Elsewhere in Asia, the Hawke government played a significant role in the build-up to the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Transitional_Authority_in_Cambodia" title="United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia">peace process</a> for <a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a>, culminating in the Transitional Authority; Hawke's <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Foreign_Affairs_(Australia)" title="Minister for Foreign Affairs (Australia)">Foreign Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Gareth_Evans_(politician)" title="Gareth Evans (politician)">Gareth Evans</a> was nominated for the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Nobel Peace Prize</a> for his role in negotiations.<a href="#cite_note-93">[92]</a> Hawke also took a major public stand after the <a href="/wiki/1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre" title="1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre">1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre</a>; despite having spent years trying to get closer relations with China, Hawke gave a tearful address on national television describing the massacre in graphic detail, and unilaterally offered <a href="/wiki/Asylum_in_Australia" title="Asylum in Australia">asylum</a> to over 42,000 Chinese students who were living in Australia at the time, many of whom had publicly supported the Tiananmen protesters. Hawke did so without even consulting his Cabinet, stating later that he felt he simply had to act.<a href="#cite_note-94">[93]</a> The Hawke government pursued a close relationship with the United States, assisted by Hawke's close friendship with <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">US Secretary of State</a> <a href="/wiki/George_Shultz" title="George Shultz">George Shultz</a>; this led to a degree of controversy when the Government supported the US's plans to test ballistic missiles off the coast of Tasmania in 1985, as well as seeking to overturn Australia's long-standing ban on <a href="/wiki/Uranium" title="Uranium">uranium</a> exports. Although the US ultimately withdrew the plans to test the missiles, the furore led to a fall in Hawke's approval ratings.<a href="#cite_note-95">[94]</a> Shortly after the <a href="/wiki/1990_Australian_federal_election" title="1990 Australian federal election">1990 election</a>, Hawke would lead Australia into its first overseas military campaign since the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a>, forming a close alliance with <a href="/wiki/US_President" class="mw-redirect" title="US President">US President</a> <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a> to join the <a href="/wiki/Coalition_of_the_Gulf_War" title="Coalition of the Gulf War">coalition</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_War" title="Gulf War">Gulf War</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Royal_Australian_Navy" title="Royal Australian Navy">Royal Australian Navy</a> contributed several <a href="/wiki/Destroyer" title="Destroyer">destroyers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Frigate" title="Frigate">frigates</a> to the war effort, which successfully concluded in February 1991, with the expulsion of <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraqi</a> forces from <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a>. The success of the campaign, and the lack of any Australian casualties, led to a brief increase in the popularity of the Government. Through his role on the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Heads_of_Government_Meeting" title="Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting">Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting</a>, Hawke played a leading role in ensuring the Commonwealth initiated an international boycott on foreign investment into <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>, building on work undertaken by his predecessor Malcolm Fraser, and in the process clashing publicly with <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime Minister of the United Kingdom</a> <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a>, who initially favoured a more cautious approach. The resulting boycott, led by the Commonwealth, was widely credited with helping bring about the collapse of <a href="/wiki/Apartheid" title="Apartheid">apartheid</a>, and resulted in a high-profile visit by <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a> in October 1990, months after the latter's release from a 27-year stint in prison. During the visit, Mandela publicly thanked the Hawke government for the role it played in the boycott.<a href="#cite_note-96">[95]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Election_wins_and_leadership_challenges">Election wins and leadership challenges</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bob_Hawke&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Election wins and leadership challenges">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PMs_office_at_Old_Parliament_House_December_2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/PMs_office_at_Old_Parliament_House_December_2012.jpg/220px-PMs_office_at_Old_Parliament_House_December_2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/PMs_office_at_Old_Parliament_House_December_2012.jpg/330px-PMs_office_at_Old_Parliament_House_December_2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/PMs_office_at_Old_Parliament_House_December_2012.jpg/440px-PMs_office_at_Old_Parliament_House_December_2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>Prime Minister's Office preserved from Hawke's time in office in 1988, <a href="/wiki/Old_Parliament_House,_Canberra" title="Old Parliament House, Canberra">Old Parliament House</a></figcaption></figure> Hawke benefited greatly from the disarray into which the Liberal Party fell after the resignation of Fraser following the 1983 election. The Liberals were torn between supporters of the more conservative <a href="/wiki/John_Howard" title="John Howard">John Howard</a> and the more liberal <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Peacock" title="Andrew Peacock">Andrew Peacock</a>, with the pair frequently contesting the leadership.<a href="#cite_note-97">[96]</a> Hawke and Keating were also able to use the concealment of the size of the budget deficit by Fraser before the 1983 election to great effect, damaging the Liberal Party's economic credibility as a result.<a href="#cite_note-98">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-99">[98]</a> However, Hawke's time as Prime Minister also saw friction develop between himself and the grassroots of the Labor Party, many of whom were unhappy at what they viewed as Hawke's iconoclasm and willingness to cooperate with business interests. Hawke regularly and publicly expressed his willingness to cull Labor's "sacred cows". The <a href="/wiki/Labor_Left" title="Labor Left">Labor Left</a> faction, as well as prominent Labor backbencher <a href="/wiki/Barry_Jones_(Australian_politician)" title="Barry Jones (Australian politician)">Barry Jones</a>, offered repeated criticisms of a number of government decisions. Hawke was also subject to challenges from some former colleagues in the trade union movement over his "confrontationalist style" in siding with the airline companies in the <a href="/wiki/1989_Australian_pilots%27_strike" class="mw-redirect" title="1989 Australian pilots' strike">1989 Australian pilots' strike</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKelly1992544-100">[99]</a> Nevertheless, Hawke was able to comfortably maintain a lead as preferred prime minister in the vast majority of opinion polls carried out throughout his time in office. He recorded the highest popularity rating ever measured by an Australian opinion poll, reaching 75% approval in 1984.<a href="#cite_note-101">[100]</a> After leading Labor to a comfortable victory in the snap <a href="/wiki/1984_Australian_federal_election" title="1984 Australian federal election">1984 election</a>,<a href="#cite_note-102">[101]</a> called to bring the mandate of the <a href="/wiki/Australian_House_of_Representatives" title="Australian House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a> back in line with the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Senate" title="Australian Senate">Senate</a>, Hawke was able to secure an unprecedented third consecutive term for Labor with a landslide victory in the <a href="/wiki/Double_dissolution" title="Double dissolution">double dissolution</a> election of <a href="/wiki/1987_Australian_federal_election" title="1987 Australian federal election">1987</a>. Hawke was subsequently able to lead the nation in the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Bicentenary" title="Australian Bicentenary">bicentennial</a> celebrations of 1988, culminating with him welcoming <a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen Elizabeth II">Queen Elizabeth II</a> to open the newly constructed <a href="/wiki/Parliament_House,_Canberra" title="Parliament House, Canberra">Parliament House</a>.<a href="#cite_note-103">[102]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Early_1990s_recession" title="Early 1990s recession">late-1980s recession</a>, and the accompanying high interest rates, saw the Government fall in opinion polls, with many doubting that Hawke could win a fourth election.<a href="#cite_note-104">[103]</a> Keating, who had long understood that he would eventually succeed Hawke as prime minister,<a href="#cite_note-105">[104]</a> began to plan a leadership change; at the end of 1988, Keating put pressure on Hawke to retire in the new year. Hawke rejected this suggestion but reached a secret agreement with Keating, the so-called "<a href="/wiki/Kirribilli_Agreement_of_1988" title="Kirribilli Agreement of 1988">Kirribilli Agreement</a>", stating that he would step down in Keating's favour at some point after the <a href="/wiki/1990_Australian_federal_election" title="1990 Australian federal election">1990 election</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKelly1992454-106">[105]</a> Hawke subsequently won that election, in the process leading Labor to a record fourth consecutive electoral victory, albeit by a slim margin.<a href="#cite_note-107">[106]</a> Hawke appointed Keating as <a href="/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Australia" title="Deputy Prime Minister of Australia">deputy prime minister</a> to replace the retiring <a href="/wiki/Lionel_Bowen" title="Lionel Bowen">Lionel Bowen</a>.<a href="#cite_note-108">[107]</a> By the end of 1990, frustrated by the lack of any indication from Hawke as to when he might retire, Keating made a provocative speech to the <a href="/wiki/Canberra_Press_Gallery" title="Canberra Press Gallery">Federal Parliamentary Press Gallery</a>. Hawke considered the speech disloyal, and told Keating he would renege on the Kirribilli Agreement as a result.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHawke1994501-109">[108]</a> After attempting to force a resolution privately, Keating finally resigned from the Government in June 1991 to <a href="/wiki/June_1991_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_spill" title="June 1991 Australian Labor Party leadership spill">challenge Hawke for the leadership</a>.<a href="#cite_note-110">[109]</a> His resignation came soon after Hawke vetoed in Cabinet a proposal backed by Keating and other ministers for mining to take place at <a href="/wiki/Coronation_Hill" title="Coronation Hill">Coronation Hill</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kakadu_National_Park" title="Kakadu National Park">Kakadu National Park</a>.<a href="#cite_note-111">[110]</a> Hawke won the leadership spill, and in a press conference after the result, Keating declared that he had fired his "one shot" on the leadership. Hawke appointed <a href="/wiki/John_Kerin" title="John Kerin">John Kerin</a> to replace Keating as Treasurer.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKelly1992649–651-112">[111]</a> Despite his victory in the June spill, Hawke quickly began to be regarded by many of his colleagues as a "wounded" leader; he had now lost his long-term political partner, his rating in opinion polls were beginning to fall significantly, and after nearly nine years as Prime Minister, there was speculation that it would soon be time for a new leader.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEdwards1996435-113">[112]</a> Hawke's leadership was ultimately irrevocably damaged at the end of 1991; after <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Australia" title="Liberal Party of Australia">Liberal Leader</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Hewson" title="John Hewson">John Hewson</a> released '<a href="/wiki/Fightback!_(policy)" title="Fightback! (policy)">Fightback!</a>', a detailed proposal for sweeping economic change, including the introduction of a <a href="/wiki/Goods_and_Services_Tax_(Australia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Goods and Services Tax (Australia)">goods and services tax</a>, Hawke was forced to sack Kerin as Treasurer after the latter made a public gaffe attempting to attack the policy.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKelly1992649–651-112">[111]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKelly1992609–14-114">[113]</a> Keating duly <a href="/wiki/December_1991_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_spill" title="December 1991 Australian Labor Party leadership spill">challenged for the leadership</a> a second time on 19 December, arguing that he would better placed to defeat Hewson; this time, Keating succeeded, narrowly defeating Hawke by 56 votes to 51.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEdwards1996441-115">[114]</a><a href="#cite_note-116">[115]</a> In a speech to the <a href="/wiki/Australian_House_of_Representatives" title="Australian House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a> following the vote, Hawke declared that his nine years as prime minister had left Australia a better and wealthier country, and he was given a standing ovation by those present. He subsequently tendered his resignation to the Governor-General and pledged support to his successor. Hawke briefly returned to the backbench, before resigning from Parliament on 20 February 1992, sparking a <a href="/wiki/1992_Wills_by-election" title="1992 Wills by-election">by-election</a> which was won by the independent candidate <a href="/wiki/Phil_Cleary" title="Phil Cleary">Phil Cleary</a> from among a record field of 22 candidates.<a href="#cite_note-117">[116]</a> Keating would go on to lead Labor to a fifth victory at the <a href="/wiki/1993_Australian_federal_election" title="1993 Australian federal election">1993 election</a>, although he was defeated by the Liberal Party at the <a href="/wiki/1996_Australian_federal_election" title="1996 Australian federal election">1996 election</a>. Hawke wrote that he had very few regrets over his time in office, although stated he wished he had been able to advance the cause of <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_land_rights_in_Australia" title="Indigenous land rights in Australia">Indigenous land rights</a> further. His bitterness towards Keating over the leadership challenges surfaced in his earlier memoirs, although by the 2000s Hawke stated he and Keating had buried their differences, and that they regularly dined together and considered each other friends.<a href="#cite_note-118">[117]</a> The publication of the book Hawke: The Prime Minister, by Hawke's second wife, <a href="/wiki/Blanche_d%27Alpuget" title="Blanche d'Alpuget">Blanche d'Alpuget</a>, in 2010, reignited conflict between the two, with Keating accusing Hawke and d'Alpuget of spreading falsehoods about his role in the Hawke government.<a href="#cite_note-119">[118]</a> Despite this, the two campaigned together for Labor several times, including at the <a href="/wiki/2019_Australian_federal_election" title="2019 Australian federal election">2019 election</a>, where they released their first joint article for nearly three decades; <a href="/wiki/Craig_Emerson" title="Craig Emerson">Craig Emerson</a>, who worked for both men, said they had reconciled in later years after Hawke grew ill.<a href="#cite_note-120">[119]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Retirement_and_later_life">Retirement and later life</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bob_Hawke&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Retirement and later life">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HawkeSorry.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/HawkeSorry.jpg/220px-HawkeSorry.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/HawkeSorry.jpg/330px-HawkeSorry.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/HawkeSorry.jpg/440px-HawkeSorry.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a><figcaption>Hawke at <a href="/wiki/Parliament_House,_Canberra" title="Parliament House, Canberra">Parliament House</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Apology_to_Australia%27s_Indigenous_peoples" title="Apology to Australia's Indigenous peoples">Apology to the Stolen Generations</a> in 2008</figcaption></figure> After leaving Parliament, Hawke entered the business world, taking on a number of directorships and consultancy positions which enabled him to achieve considerable financial success. He avoided public involvement with the Labor Party during Keating's tenure as prime minister, not wanting to be seen as attempting to overshadow his successor.<a href="#cite_note-121">[120]</a> After Keating's defeat and the election of the <a href="/wiki/Howard_government" title="Howard government">Howard government</a> at the <a href="/wiki/1996_Australian_federal_election" title="1996 Australian federal election">1996 election</a>, he returned to public campaigning with Labor and regularly appearing at election launches. Despite his personal affection for Queen Elizabeth II, boasting that he had been her "favourite Prime Minister", Hawke was an enthusiastic republican and joined the campaign for a Yes vote in the <a href="/wiki/1999_Australian_republic_referendum" title="1999 Australian republic referendum">1999 republic referendum</a>.<a href="#cite_note-122">[121]</a><a href="#cite_note-123">[122]</a> In 2002, Hawke was named to South Australia's <a href="/wiki/Economic_Development_Board_(South_Australia)" title="Economic Development Board (South Australia)">Economic Development Board</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Rann_government" title="Rann government">Rann government</a>.<a href="#cite_note-124">[123]</a><a href="#cite_note-125">[124]</a> In the lead up to the <a href="/wiki/2007_Australian_federal_election" title="2007 Australian federal election">2007 election</a>, Hawke made a considerable personal effort to support <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Rudd" title="Kevin Rudd">Kevin Rudd</a>, making speeches at a large number of campaign office openings across Australia, and appearing in multiple campaign advertisements. As well as campaigning against <a href="/wiki/WorkChoices" title="WorkChoices">WorkChoices</a>, Hawke also attacked <a href="/wiki/John_Howard" title="John Howard">John Howard</a>'s record as Treasurer, stating "it was the judgement of every economist and international financial institution that it was the restructuring reforms undertaken by my government, with the full cooperation of the trade union movement, which created the strength of the Australian economy today".<a href="#cite_note-126">[125]</a> In February 2008, after Rudd's victory, Hawke joined former Prime Ministers <a href="/wiki/Gough_Whitlam" title="Gough Whitlam">Gough Whitlam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Fraser" title="Malcolm Fraser">Malcolm Fraser</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paul_Keating" title="Paul Keating">Paul Keating</a> in <a href="/wiki/Parliament_House,_Canberra" title="Parliament House, Canberra">Parliament House</a> to witness the long anticipated apology to the <a href="/wiki/Stolen_Generations" title="Stolen Generations">Stolen Generations</a>.<a href="#cite_note-127">[126]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bob_Hawke_(8216522868).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Bob_Hawke_%288216522868%29.jpg/170px-Bob_Hawke_%288216522868%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="276" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Bob_Hawke_%288216522868%29.jpg/255px-Bob_Hawke_%288216522868%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Bob_Hawke_%288216522868%29.jpg/340px-Bob_Hawke_%288216522868%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1623" /></a><figcaption>Hawke in 2012</figcaption></figure> In 2009, Hawke helped establish the Centre for Muslim and Non-Muslim Understanding at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_South_Australia" title="University of South Australia">University of South Australia</a>. Interfaith dialogue was an important issue for Hawke, who told <a href="/wiki/The_Adelaide_Review" title="The Adelaide Review">The Adelaide Review</a> that he was "convinced that one of the great potential dangers confronting the world is the lack of understanding in regard to the Muslim world. Fanatics have misrepresented what Islam is. They give a false impression of the essential nature of Islam."<a href="#cite_note-128">[127]</a> In 2016, after taking part in <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Denton" title="Andrew Denton">Andrew Denton</a>'s Better Off Dead podcast, Hawke added his voice to calls for voluntary euthanasia to be legalised.<a href="#cite_note-129">[128]</a> Hawke labelled as 'absurd' the lack of political will to fix the problem. He revealed that he had such an arrangement with his wife Blanche should such a devastating medical situation occur.<a href="#cite_note-130">[129]</a> He also publicly advocated for <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_power" title="Nuclear power">nuclear power</a> and the importation of international <a href="/wiki/Spent_nuclear_fuel" title="Spent nuclear fuel">spent nuclear fuel</a> to Australia for storage and disposal, stating that this could lead to considerable economic benefits for Australia.<a href="#cite_note-131">[130]</a><a href="#cite_note-132">[131]</a> In late December 2018, Hawke revealed that he was in "terrible health". While predicting a Labor win in the upcoming <a href="/wiki/2019_Australian_federal_election" title="2019 Australian federal election">2019 federal election</a>, Hawke said he "may not witness the party's success".<a href="#cite_note-133">[132]</a> In May 2019, the month of the election, he issued a joint statement with Paul Keating endorsing Labor's economic plan and condemning the Liberal Party for "completely [giving] up the economic reform agenda". They stated that "Shorten's Labor is the only party of government focused on the need to modernise the economy to deal with the major challenge of our time: human induced climate change". It was the first joint press statement released by the two since 1991.<a href="#cite_note-134">[133]</a> On 16 May 2019, two days before the election, Hawke died at his home in Northbridge at the age of 89, following a short illness.<a href="#cite_note-135">[134]</a><a href="#cite_note-death-136">[135]</a> His family held a private cremation on 27 May at <a href="/wiki/Macquarie_Park_Cemetery_and_Crematorium" title="Macquarie Park Cemetery and Crematorium">Macquarie Park Cemetery and Crematorium</a> where he was subsequently interred.<a href="#cite_note-137">[136]</a> A <a href="/wiki/State_funeral" title="State funeral">state memorial</a> was held at the <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Opera_House" title="Sydney Opera House">Sydney Opera House</a> on 14 June; speakers included <a href="/wiki/Craig_Emerson" title="Craig Emerson">Craig Emerson</a> as <a href="/wiki/Master_of_ceremonies" title="Master of ceremonies">master of ceremonies</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kim_Beazley" title="Kim Beazley">Kim Beazley</a> reading the eulogy, as well as <a href="/wiki/Paul_Keating" title="Paul Keating">Paul Keating</a>, <a href="/wiki/Julia_Gillard" title="Julia Gillard">Julia Gillard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Kelty" title="Bill Kelty">Bill Kelty</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ross_Garnaut" title="Ross Garnaut">Ross Garnaut</a>, and incumbent Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Scott_Morrison" title="Scott Morrison">Scott Morrison</a> and Opposition Leader <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Albanese" title="Anthony Albanese">Anthony Albanese</a>.<a href="#cite_note-138">[137]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bob_Hawke&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Personal life">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BobandBlanche.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/BobandBlanche.jpg/170px-BobandBlanche.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="230" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/BobandBlanche.jpg/255px-BobandBlanche.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/BobandBlanche.jpg/340px-BobandBlanche.jpg 2x" data-file-width="443" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Hawke and his wife, <a href="/wiki/Blanche_d%27Alpuget" title="Blanche d'Alpuget">Blanche d'Alpuget</a>, in 2006</figcaption></figure> Hawke married <a href="/wiki/Hazel_Masterson" class="mw-redirect" title="Hazel Masterson">Hazel Masterson</a> in 1956 at Perth Trinity Church.<a href="#cite_note-Hurst-25">[24]</a> They had three children: Susan (born 1957), Stephen (born 1959) and Roslyn (born 1960). Their fourth child, Robert Jr, died in early infancy in 1963. Hawke was named Victorian Father of the Year in 1971, an honour which his wife disputed due to his heavy drinking and womanising.<a href="#cite_note-139">[138]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_transformation_of_Hazel_Hawke-140">[139]</a> The couple divorced in 1994, after he left her for the writer <a href="/wiki/Blanche_d%27Alpuget" title="Blanche d'Alpuget">Blanche d'Alpuget</a>, and the two lived together in <a href="/wiki/Northbridge,_New_South_Wales" title="Northbridge, New South Wales">Northbridge</a>, a suburb on the <a href="/wiki/North_Shore_(Sydney)" title="North Shore (Sydney)">North Shore</a> of Sydney.<a href="#cite_note-141">[140]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_transformation_of_Hazel_Hawke-140">[139]</a> The divorce estranged Hawke from some of his family for a period, although they had reconciled by the 2010s.<a href="#cite_note-142">[141]</a> Throughout his early life, Hawke was a heavy drinker, having set a world record for drinking during his years as a student.<a href="#cite_note-Hawke-24">[23]</a> Hawke eventually suffered from <a href="/wiki/Alcohol_poisoning" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcohol poisoning">alcohol poisoning</a> following the death of his and Hazel's infant son in 1963. He publicly announced in 1980 that he would <a href="/wiki/Teetotalism" title="Teetotalism">abstain from alcohol</a> to seek election to <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Australia" title="Parliament of Australia">Parliament</a>, in a move which garnered significant public attention and support.<a href="#cite_note-Hawke-24">[23]</a> Hawke began to drink again following his retirement from politics, although to a more manageable extent; on several occasions, in his later years, videos of Hawke downing beer at <a href="/wiki/Cricket" title="Cricket">cricket</a> matches would frequently go <a href="/wiki/Viral_video" title="Viral video">viral</a>.<a href="#cite_note-143">[142]</a> On the subject of <a href="/wiki/Religion" title="Religion">religion</a>, Hawke wrote, while attending the 1952 World Christian Youth Conference in India, that "there were all these poverty stricken kids at the gate of this palatial place where we were feeding our face and I just (was) struck by this enormous sense of irrelevance of religion to the needs of people". He subsequently abandoned his Christian beliefs.<a href="#cite_note-144">[143]</a> By the time he entered politics he was a self-described <a href="/wiki/Agnostic" class="mw-redirect" title="Agnostic">agnostic</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-145">[144]</a> Hawke told <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Denton" title="Andrew Denton">Andrew Denton</a> in 2008 that his father's Christian faith had continued to influence his outlook, saying "My father said if you believe in the fatherhood of God you must necessarily believe in the brotherhood of man, it follows necessarily, and even though I left the church and was not religious, that truth remained with me."<a href="#cite_note-146">[145]</a> Hawke was a supporter of <a href="/wiki/National_Rugby_League" title="National Rugby League">National Rugby League</a> club the <a href="/wiki/Canberra_Raiders" title="Canberra Raiders">Canberra Raiders</a>.<a href="#cite_note-147">[146]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bob_Hawke&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Legacy">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:174px;max-width:174px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:172px;max-width:172px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Bob_Hawke_bust.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Bob_Hawke_bust.jpg/170px-Bob_Hawke_bust.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="231" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Bob_Hawke_bust.jpg/255px-Bob_Hawke_bust.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Bob_Hawke_bust.jpg/340px-Bob_Hawke_bust.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1109" data-file-height="1505" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Bust of Hawke in the <a href="/wiki/Prime_Ministers_Avenue" title="Prime Ministers Avenue">Prime Ministers Avenue</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Ballarat_Botanical_Gardens" title="Ballarat Botanical Gardens">Ballarat Botanical Gardens</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:172px;max-width:172px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Bob_Hawke_College,_August_2021_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Bob_Hawke_College%2C_August_2021_02.jpg/170px-Bob_Hawke_College%2C_August_2021_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Bob_Hawke_College%2C_August_2021_02.jpg/255px-Bob_Hawke_College%2C_August_2021_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Bob_Hawke_College%2C_August_2021_02.jpg/340px-Bob_Hawke_College%2C_August_2021_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Hawke_College" title="Bob Hawke College">Bob Hawke College</a> in Perth</div></div></div></div></div> A biographical television film, <a href="/wiki/Hawke_(film)" title="Hawke (film)">Hawke</a>, premiered on the <a href="/wiki/Network_Ten" class="mw-redirect" title="Network Ten">Ten Network</a> in Australia on 18 July 2010, with <a href="/wiki/Richard_Roxburgh" title="Richard Roxburgh">Richard Roxburgh</a> playing the title character. <a href="/wiki/Rachael_Blake" title="Rachael Blake">Rachael Blake</a> and <a href="/wiki/Felix_Williamson" title="Felix Williamson">Felix Williamson</a> portrayed <a href="/wiki/Hazel_Hawke" title="Hazel Hawke">Hazel Hawke</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paul_Keating" title="Paul Keating">Paul Keating</a>, respectively.<a href="#cite_note-148">[147]</a><a href="#cite_note-149">[148]</a> Roxburgh reprised his role as Hawke in the 2020 episode "<a href="/wiki/The_Crown_(season_4)#ep36" class="mw-redirect" title="The Crown (season 4)">Terra Nullius</a>" of the Netflix series <a href="/wiki/The_Crown_(TV_series)" title="The Crown (TV series)">The Crown</a>.<a href="#cite_note-150">[149]</a> The Bob Hawke Gallery in Bordertown, which contains memorabilia from his life, was opened by Hawke in 2002.<a href="#cite_note-:0-151">[150]</a> Hawke House, the house in Bordertown where Hawke spent his early childhood, was purchased by the Australian Government in 2021 and opened as an accommodation and function space in May 2024.<a href="#cite_note-:0-151">[150]</a><a href="#cite_note-ABC_News-2019-152">[151]</a> A bronze bust of Hawke is located at the town's civic centre.<a href="#cite_note-:0-151">[150]</a> In December 2020, the <a href="/wiki/First_McGowan_Ministry" class="mw-redirect" title="First McGowan Ministry">Western Australian Government</a> announced that it had purchased Hawke's childhood home in <a href="/wiki/West_Leederville,_Western_Australia" title="West Leederville, Western Australia">West Leederville</a> and would maintain it as a state asset. The property will also be assessed for entry onto the <a href="/wiki/State_Register_of_Heritage_Places" title="State Register of Heritage Places">State Register of Heritage Places</a>.<a href="#cite_note-153">[152]</a> The Australian Government pledged $5 million in July 2019 to establish a new annual scholarship—the Bob Hawke John Monash Scholarship—through the General Sir John Monash Foundation.<a href="#cite_note-ABC_News-2019-152">[151]</a> <a href="/wiki/Bob_Hawke_College" title="Bob Hawke College">Bob Hawke College</a>, a high school in <a href="/wiki/Subiaco,_Western_Australia" title="Subiaco, Western Australia">Subiaco, Western Australia</a> named after Hawke, was opened in February 2020.<a href="#cite_note-154">[153]</a> In March 2020, the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Electoral_Commission" title="Australian Electoral Commission">Australian Electoral Commission</a> announced that it would create a new <a href="/wiki/Divisions_of_the_Australian_House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="Divisions of the Australian House of Representatives">Australian electoral division</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Australian_House_of_Representatives" title="Australian House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a> named in honour of Hawke. The <a href="/wiki/Division_of_Hawke" title="Division of Hawke">Division of Hawke</a> was first contested at the <a href="/wiki/2022_Australian_federal_election" title="2022 Australian federal election">2022 federal election</a>, and is located in the state of <a href="/wiki/Victoria_(Australia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria (Australia)">Victoria</a>, near the seat of <a href="/wiki/Division_of_Wills" title="Division of Wills">Wills</a>, which Hawke represented from 1980 to 1992.<a href="#cite_note-155">[154]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honours">Honours</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bob_Hawke&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Honours">edit</a>]</div> Orders <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia"><img alt="Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a> 1979: <a href="/wiki/Companion_of_the_Order_of_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Companion of the Order of Australia">Companion of the Order of Australia</a> (AC), "For services to trade unionism and industrial relations"<a href="#cite_note-156">[155]</a></li></ul> Foreign honours <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand"><img alt="Thailand" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> 1989: <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_White_Elephant" title="Order of the White Elephant">Knight Grand Cordon of the Order of the White Elephant</a><a href="#cite_note-157">[156]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> 1999: <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_the_City_of_London" title="Freedom of the City of London">Freedom of the City of London</a><a href="#cite_note-158">[157]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea"><img alt="Papua New Guinea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/20px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/31px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/40px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450" /></a> 2008 <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Logohu" title="Order of Logohu">Grand Companion of the Order of Logohu</a><a href="#cite_note-Chief-159">[158]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> 2012 <a href="/wiki/Grand_Cordon_of_the_Order_of_the_Rising_Sun" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun">Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun</a><a href="#cite_note-syduni-160">[159]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Awards">Awards</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bob_Hawke&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Awards">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia"><img alt="Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a>August 1978: <a href="/wiki/Australian_Rostrum" title="Australian Rostrum">Rostrum Award of Merit</a>, for "excellence in the art of public speaking over a considerable period and his demonstration of an effective contribution to society through the spoken word"<a href="#cite_note-161">[160]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia"><img alt="Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a> August 2009: <a href="/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party" title="Australian Labor Party">Australian Labor Party</a> Life membership, Bob Hawke became only the third person to be awarded life membership of the Australian Labor Party, after <a href="/wiki/Gough_Whitlam" title="Gough Whitlam">Gough</a> and <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Whitlam" title="Margaret Whitlam">Margaret Whitlam</a>. During the conferring, Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Rudd" title="Kevin Rudd">Kevin Rudd</a> referred to Hawke as "the heart and soul of the Labor Party".<a href="#cite_note-162">[161]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Australia" title="Western Australia"><img alt="Western Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_Western_Australia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Western_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_Western_Australia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Western_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_Western_Australia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Western_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> March 2014: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Western_Australia_Student_Guild" title="University of Western Australia Student Guild">University of Western Australia Student Guild</a> Life membership<a href="#cite_note-163">[162]</a></li></ul> Fellowships <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/University_College,_Oxford" title="University College, Oxford">University College, Oxford</a><a href="#cite_note-naahg-164">[163]</a></li></ul> Honorary degrees <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Nanjing_University" title="Nanjing University">Nanjing University</a>, Honorary doctorate<a href="#cite_note-naahg-164">[163]</a><a href="#cite_note-165">[164]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">University of Oxford</a>, Honorary Doctor of Civil Law<a href="#cite_note-166">[165]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel"><img alt="Israel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_University_of_Jerusalem" title="Hebrew University of Jerusalem">Hebrew University of Jerusalem</a>, Honorary doctorate<a href="#cite_note-naahg-164">[163]</a><a href="#cite_note-unisabio-167">[166]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Rikkyo_University" title="Rikkyo University">Rikkyo University</a>, Honorary Doctor of Humanities<a href="#cite_note-naahg-164">[163]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_South_Wales" title="New South Wales"><img alt="New South Wales" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_New_South_Wales.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_South_Wales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_New_South_Wales.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_South_Wales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_New_South_Wales.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_South_Wales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Macquarie_University" title="Macquarie University">Macquarie University</a>, Honorary Doctor of Letters<a href="#cite_note-naahg-164">[163]</a><a href="#cite_note-168">[167]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_South_Wales" title="New South Wales"><img alt="New South Wales" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_New_South_Wales.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_South_Wales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_New_South_Wales.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_South_Wales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_New_South_Wales.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_South_Wales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/University_of_New_South_Wales" title="University of New South Wales">University of New South Wales</a>, Honorary doctorate<a href="#cite_note-naahg-164">[163]</a><a href="#cite_note-unisabio-167">[166]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Australia" title="South Australia"><img alt="South Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_South_Australia.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_South_Australia.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_South_Australia.svg/46px-Flag_of_South_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/University_of_South_Australia" title="University of South Australia">University of South Australia</a>, Honorary doctorate<a href="#cite_note-naahg-164">[163]</a><a href="#cite_note-unisabio-167">[166]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Australia" title="Western Australia"><img alt="Western Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_Western_Australia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Western_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_Western_Australia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Western_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_Western_Australia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Western_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/University_of_Western_Australia" title="University of Western Australia">University of Western Australia</a>, Honorary Doctor of Letters<a href="#cite_note-naahg-164">[163]</a><a href="#cite_note-unisabio-167">[166]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_South_Wales" title="New South Wales"><img alt="New South Wales" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_New_South_Wales.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_South_Wales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_New_South_Wales.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_South_Wales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_New_South_Wales.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_South_Wales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/University_of_Sydney" title="University of Sydney">University of Sydney</a>, Honorary Doctor of Letters<a href="#cite_note-syduni-160">[159]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other">Other</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bob_Hawke&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Other">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia"><img alt="Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a> <a href="/wiki/University_of_South_Australia" title="University of South Australia">University of South Australia</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Hawke_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Hawke Centre">Hawke Centre</a><a href="#cite_note-169">[168]</a> and the Bob Hawke Prime Ministerial Library<a href="#cite_note-unisabio-167">[166]</a><a href="#cite_note-170">[169]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bob_Hawke&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/32px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/48px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/64px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Australia" title="Portal:Australia">Australia portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_South_Australia.svg/32px-Flag_of_South_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_South_Australia.svg/48px-Flag_of_South_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_South_Australia.svg/64px-Flag_of_South_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:South_Australia" title="Portal:South Australia">South Australia portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/File:Syndicalism.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Syndicalism.svg/28px-Syndicalism.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Syndicalism.svg/42px-Syndicalism.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Syndicalism.svg/56px-Syndicalism.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="530" data-file-height="530" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Organized_Labour" title="Portal:Organized Labour">Organized Labour portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/41px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/55px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/28px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/42px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/56px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Bibliotheksstempel_Bodleiana.jpg/27px-Bibliotheksstempel_Bodleiana.jpg" decoding="async" width="27" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Bibliotheksstempel_Bodleiana.jpg/41px-Bibliotheksstempel_Bodleiana.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Bibliotheksstempel_Bodleiana.jpg/55px-Bibliotheksstempel_Bodleiana.jpg 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="223" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:University_of_Oxford" title="Portal:University of Oxford">University of Oxford portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/File:Projet_bi%C3%A8re_logo_v2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Projet_bi%C3%A8re_logo_v2.png/28px-Projet_bi%C3%A8re_logo_v2.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Projet_bi%C3%A8re_logo_v2.png/42px-Projet_bi%C3%A8re_logo_v2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Projet_bi%C3%A8re_logo_v2.png/56px-Projet_bi%C3%A8re_logo_v2.png 2x" data-file-width="242" data-file-height="242" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Beer" title="Portal:Beer">Beer portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_flag_II.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/32px-Red_flag_II.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/48px-Red_flag_II.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/64px-Red_flag_II.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="411" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Socialism" title="Portal:Socialism">Socialism portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hawke%E2%80%93Keating_government" title="Hawke–Keating government">Hawke–Keating government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Hawke_Ministry" class="mw-redirect" title="First Hawke Ministry">First Hawke Ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Hawke_Ministry" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Hawke Ministry">Second Hawke Ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Hawke_Ministry" class="mw-redirect" title="Third Hawke Ministry">Third Hawke Ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Hawke_Ministry" class="mw-redirect" title="Fourth Hawke Ministry">Fourth Hawke Ministry</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bob_Hawke&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Footnotes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> Spelt "Border Town" until 1979<a href="#cite_note-Casey-1979-1">[1]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bob_Hawke&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Casey-1979-1"><a href="#cite_ref-Casey-1979_1-0">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCasey1979" class="citation web cs1">Casey, T.M. (5 April 1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www6.austlii.edu.au/au/other/sa_gazette/1979/16/940.pdf">"GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES ACT, 1969"</a> (PDF). The South Australian Government Gazette. Government of South Australia. p. 940. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://www6.austlii.edu.au/au/other/sa_gazette/1979/16/940.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 7 March 2019. <q>the Geographical Names Board has recommended that the names "Blanche Town", "Border Town", "Farina Town", "Gambier Town", "George-Town" and "Rose Town" be changed to "Blanchetown", "Bordertown", "Farina", "Gambiertown", "Georgetown" and "Rosetown</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+South+Australian+Government+Gazette&rft.atitle=GEOGRAPHICAL+NAMES+ACT%2C+1969&rft.pages=940&rft.date=1979-04-05&rft.aulast=Casey&rft.aufirst=T.M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww6.austlii.edu.au%2Fau%2Fother%2Fsa_gazette%2F1979%2F16%2F940.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-naa_gov_au-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-naa_gov_au_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-naa_gov_au_3-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220630065231/https://www.naa.gov.au/explore-collection/australias-prime-ministers/robert-hawke/timeline">"Robert Hawke: timeline"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Archives_of_Australia" title="National Archives of Australia">National Archives of Australia</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.naa.gov.au/explore-collection/australias-prime-ministers/robert-hawke/timeline">the original</a> on 30 June 2022. Retrieved 5 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Archives+of+Australia&rft.atitle=Robert+Hawke%3A+timeline&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.naa.gov.au%2Fexplore-collection%2Faustralias-prime-ministers%2Frobert-hawke%2Ftimeline&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1986/319/pdfs/uksi_19860319_en.pdf">"The Australia Act 1986"</a> (PDF). legislation.gov.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201024160419/https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1986/319/pdfs/uksi_19860319_en.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 24 October 2020. Retrieved 20 February 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=legislation.gov.uk&rft.atitle=The+Australia+Act+1986&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.legislation.gov.uk%2Fuksi%2F1986%2F319%2Fpdfs%2Fuksi_19860319_en.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Coorey-2008-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Coorey-2008_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Coorey-2008_5-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCoorey2008" class="citation news cs1">Coorey, Phillip (20 May 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smh.com.au/articles/2008/05/19/1211182705614.html">"The biggest hammering in history"</a>. The Sydney Morning Herald. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230816031241/https://www.smh.com.au/national/the-biggest-hammering-in-history-20080520-gdsedo.html">Archived</a> from the original on 16 August 2023. Retrieved 20 May 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sydney+Morning+Herald&rft.atitle=The+biggest+hammering+in+history&rft.date=2008-05-20&rft.aulast=Coorey&rft.aufirst=Phillip&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smh.com.au%2Farticles%2F2008%2F05%2F19%2F1211182705614.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theaustralian.com.au/inquirer/hawke-pm-thrived-on-love-of-his-people/news-story/1988bc275c2b57da1c91ab7a0bc3bb55">"Hawke PM thrived on love of his people"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Australian" title="The Australian">The Australian</a>. 18 May 2019. Retrieved 19 May 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Australian&rft.atitle=Hawke+PM+thrived+on+love+of+his+people&rft.date=2019-05-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theaustralian.com.au%2Finquirer%2Fhawke-pm-thrived-on-love-of-his-people%2Fnews-story%2F1988bc275c2b57da1c91ab7a0bc3bb55&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-age1-7"><a href="#cite_ref-age1_7-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theage.com.au/news/National/Prime-ministers-rank-and-file/2004/12/17/1102787277290.html">"Prime ministers' rank and file"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Age" title="The Age">The Age</a>. 18 December 2004. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121114084608/http://www.theage.com.au/news/National/Prime-ministers-rank-and-file/2004/12/17/1102787277290.html">Archived</a> from the original on 14 November 2012. Retrieved 30 December 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Age&rft.atitle=Prime+ministers%27+rank+and+file&rft.date=2004-12-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theage.com.au%2Fnews%2FNational%2FPrime-ministers-rank-and-file%2F2004%2F12%2F17%2F1102787277290.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStrangio2021" class="citation web cs1">Strangio, Paul (2 August 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230816033148/https://theconversation.com/who-were-australias-best-prime-ministers-we-asked-the-experts-165302">"Who were Australia's best prime ministers? We asked the experts"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Conversation_(website)" title="The Conversation (website)">The Conversation</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theconversation.com/who-were-australias-best-prime-ministers-we-asked-the-experts-165302">the original</a> on 16 August 2023. Retrieved 4 August 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Conversation&rft.atitle=Who+were+Australia%27s+best+prime+ministers%3F+We+asked+the+experts&rft.date=2021-08-02&rft.aulast=Strangio&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheconversation.com%2Fwho-were-australias-best-prime-ministers-we-asked-the-experts-165302&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStrangio2013" class="citation book cs1">Strangio, Paul (2013). "Evaluating Prime-Ministerial Performance: The Australian Experience". In Strangio, Paul; 't Hart, Paul; Walter, James (eds.). Understanding Prime-Ministerial Performance: Comparative Perspectives. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-966642-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-966642-3"><bdi>978-0-19-966642-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Evaluating+Prime-Ministerial+Performance%3A+The+Australian+Experience&rft.btitle=Understanding+Prime-Ministerial+Performance%3A+Comparative+Perspectives&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-19-966642-3&rft.aulast=Strangio&rft.aufirst=Paul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smh.com.au/national/ranking-australias-prime-ministers-20100624-z3bn.html">"Ranking Australia's prime ministers"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Sydney_Morning_Herald" title="The Sydney Morning Herald">The Sydney Morning Herald</a>. 25 June 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181025091144/https://www.smh.com.au/national/ranking-australias-prime-ministers-20100624-z3bn.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 October 2018. Retrieved 17 August 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Sydney+Morning+Herald&rft.atitle=Ranking+Australia%27s+prime+ministers&rft.date=2010-06-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smh.com.au%2Fnational%2Franking-australias-prime-ministers-20100624-z3bn.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarroll2019" class="citation book cs1">Carroll, Brian (17 May 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=W8PUBuw4idYC&pg=PA259">Australia's Prime Ministers: From Barton to Howard</a>. Rosenberg Publishing Pty, Limited. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781877058226" title="Special:BookSources/9781877058226"><bdi>9781877058226</bdi></a> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Australia%27s+Prime+Ministers%3A+From+Barton+to+Howard&rft.pub=Rosenberg+Publishing+Pty%2C+Limited&rft.date=2019-05-17&rft.isbn=9781877058226&rft.aulast=Carroll&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DW8PUBuw4idYC%26pg%3DPA259&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-fathersdeath-12"><a href="#cite_ref-fathersdeath_12-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article120868572">"Bob Hawke mourns his father's death"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Canberra_Times" title="The Canberra Times">The Canberra Times</a>. Vol. 64, no. 19, 980. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 24 December 1989. p. 3. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240220052737/https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/120868572">Archived</a> from the original on 20 February 2024. Retrieved 17 May 2019 – via National Library of Australia.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Canberra+Times&rft.atitle=Bob+Hawke+mourns+his+father%27s+death&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=19%2C+980&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1989-12-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnla.gov.au%2Fnla.news-article120868572&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-mothersdeath-13"><a href="#cite_ref-mothersdeath_13-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article110596548">"Hawke's mother"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Canberra_Times" title="The Canberra Times">The Canberra Times</a>. Vol. 54, no. 16, 057. 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Hawke: A biography, Melbourne: Schwartz, p. 2, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0867530014" title="Special:BookSources/0867530014"><bdi>0867530014</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Robert+J.+Hawke%3A+A+biography&rft.place=Melbourne&rft.pages=2&rft.pub=Schwartz&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=0867530014&rft.aulast=d%27Alpuget&rft.aufirst=Blanche&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Clench-2019-15">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Clench-2019_15-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Clench-2019_15-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClenchPaine2019" class="citation news cs1">Clench, Sam; Paine, Hannah (16 May 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.news.com.au/finance/work/leaders/former-prime-minister-bob-hawke-dead/news-story/5f4a4f44a99632c53a0502fd5efaad20">"Legendary former prime minister Bob Hawke dead at 89"</a>. <a href="/wiki/News.com.au" title="News.com.au">News.com.au</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190516124235/https://www.news.com.au/finance/work/leaders/former-prime-minister-bob-hawke-dead/news-story/5f4a4f44a99632c53a0502fd5efaad20">Archived</a> from the original on 16 May 2019. Retrieved 16 May 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=News.com.au&rft.atitle=Legendary+former+prime+minister+Bob+Hawke+dead+at+89&rft.date=2019-05-16&rft.aulast=Clench&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft.au=Paine%2C+Hannah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.news.com.au%2Ffinance%2Fwork%2Fleaders%2Fformer-prime-minister-bob-hawke-dead%2Fnews-story%2F5f4a4f44a99632c53a0502fd5efaad20&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> Davidson, G., et al. (1998), p. 302 </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIyer1983" class="citation news cs1">Iyer, Pico (14 March 1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121106022656/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,951966-1,00.html">"Australia: Hawke Swoops into Power, Time/CNN, 14 March 1983"</a>. Time. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,951966-1,00.html">the original</a> on 6 November 2012. Retrieved 25 April 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Australia%3A+Hawke+Swoops+into+Power%2C+Time%2FCNN%2C+14+March+1983&rft.date=1983-03-14&rft.aulast=Iyer&rft.aufirst=Pico&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C951966-1%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> D'Alpuget, Blanche (1982). Robert J. Hawke: A biography, p. 31. Schwartz, Melbourne. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0867530014" title="Special:BookSources/0867530014">0867530014</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.primeministers.naa.gov.au/primeministers/hawke/before-office.aspx">"Australia's Prime Ministers: Robert Hawke"</a>. National Archives of Australia. 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090912181007/http://www.primeministers.naa.gov.au/primeministers/hawke/before-office.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 12 September 2009. Retrieved 7 April 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Archives+of+Australia&rft.atitle=Australia%27s+Prime+Ministers%3A+Robert+Hawke&rft.date=2014&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.primeministers.naa.gov.au%2Fprimeministers%2Fhawke%2Fbefore-office.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> Hurst, J., (1983), p.18 </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> Hawke, Bob (1994), p.19 </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.news.uwa.edu.au/201403276544/features/bob-hawke-qualifies-cheap-coffee-campus">"Bob Hawke qualifies for cheap coffee on campus | University News : The University of Western Australia"</a>. News.uwa.edu.au. 27 March 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170802134730/http://www.news.uwa.edu.au/201403276544/features/bob-hawke-qualifies-cheap-coffee-campus">Archived</a> from the original on 2 August 2017. Retrieved 19 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bob+Hawke+qualifies+for+cheap+coffee+on+campus+%26%23124%3B+University+News+%3A+The+University+of+Western+Australia&rft.pub=News.uwa.edu.au&rft.date=2014-03-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.news.uwa.edu.au%2F201403276544%2Ffeatures%2Fbob-hawke-qualifies-cheap-coffee-campus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> Hawke, Bob (1994), p.24 </li> <li id="cite_note-Hawke-24">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hawke_24-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hawke_24-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hawke_24-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hawke_24-3">d</a> Hawke, Bob (1994), p. 28 </li> <li id="cite_note-Hurst-25">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hurst_25-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hurst_25-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hurst_25-2">c</a> Hurst, J., (1983), p.25 </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> Hurst, J., (1983), p. 26 </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCoventry2023" class="citation journal cs1">Coventry, C. J. (3 July 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14443058.2023.2215790">"Sedimentary Layers: Bob Hawke's Beer World Record and Ocker Chic"</a>. 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Retrieved 23 September 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=Bob+Hawke+on+the+America%27s+Cup%2C+booze%2C+love+and+infidelity&rft.date=2019-05-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2F2019-05-16%2Fbob-hawke-former-prime-minister-dies-in-quotes%2F6514806&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kelly-3-58"><a href="#cite_ref-Kelly-3_58-0">^</a> Kelly, P., (1992), p.57 </li> <li id="cite_note-Kelly-59">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kelly_59-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kelly_59-1">b</a> Kelly, P., (1992), p. 30 </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPenberthy2013" class="citation magazine cs1">Penberthy, Natsumi (26 September 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.australiangeographic.com.au/topics/history-culture/2013/09/looking-back-the-1983-americas-cup-win/">"Looking back: The 1983 America's Cup win"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Australian_Geographic" title="Australian Geographic">Australian Geographic</a>. No. 116 (published September 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240807093257/https://www.australiangeographic.com.au/topics/history-culture/2013/09/looking-back-the-1983-americas-cup-win/">Archived</a> from the original on 7 August 2024. Retrieved 7 August 2024. <q>"I'LL TELL YOU what: any boss who sacks a worker for not turning up today is a bum." Australians tend to remember these words fondly coming from the mouth of then prime minister Bob Hawke after Australia II won the America's Cup yacht race, breaking a 132-year winning streak for the USA.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Geographic&rft.atitle=Looking+back%3A+The+1983+America%27s+Cup+win&rft.issue=116&rft.date=2013-09-26&rft.aulast=Penberthy&rft.aufirst=Natsumi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.australiangeographic.com.au%2Ftopics%2Fhistory-culture%2F2013%2F09%2Flooking-back-the-1983-americas-cup-win%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStannard2018" class="citation news cs1">Stannard, Bruce (26 September 2018) [26 September 1983]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smh.com.au/sport/sailing/flashback-1983-wild-celebrations-as-australia-ii-wins-america-s-cup-20180926-p50636.html">"Flashback 1983: Wild celebrations as Australia II wins America's Cup"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Age" title="The Age">The Age</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240807113952/https://www.smh.com.au/sport/sailing/flashback-1983-wild-celebrations-as-australia-ii-wins-america-s-cup-20180926-p50636.html">Archived</a> from the original on 7 August 2024. Retrieved 7 August 2024 – via <a href="/wiki/The_Sydney_Morning_Herald" title="The Sydney Morning Herald">The Sydney Morning Herald</a>. <q>Many, including the Prime Minister, Mr Hawke, kept an all-night vigil. Mr Hawke, showered in champagne at the Royal Perth Yacht Club in the early hours, laughingly declared a national holiday. We'd be a nation of zombies anyway, he said.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Age&rft.atitle=Flashback+1983%3A+Wild+celebrations+as+Australia+II+wins+America%27s+Cup&rft.date=2018-09-26&rft.aulast=Stannard&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smh.com.au%2Fsport%2Fsailing%2Fflashback-1983-wild-celebrations-as-australia-ii-wins-america-s-cup-20180926-p50636.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nma.gov.au/defining-moments/resources/americas-cup-win">"America's Cup win"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Australia" title="National Museum of Australia">National Museum of Australia</a>. Prime Minister Bob Hawke, 27 September 1983. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240807114324/https://www.nma.gov.au/defining-moments/resources/americas-cup-win">Archived</a> from the original on 7 August 2024. Retrieved 7 August 2024. <q>Any boss who sacks anyone for not turning up today is a bum.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Museum+of+Australia&rft.atitle=America%27s+Cup+win&rft.pages=Prime+Minister+Bob+Hawke%2C+27+September+1983&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nma.gov.au%2Fdefining-moments%2Fresources%2Famericas-cup-win&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/Hansard/Hansard_Display?bid=chamber/hansards/79f1fe78-5449-42d1-be9b-3f40736f1a19/&sid=0004">"CONDOLENCES - Hawke, Hon. Robert James Lee (Bob), AC"</a>. Hansard. 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Retrieved 19 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hansard&rft.atitle=CONDOLENCES+-+Hawke%2C+Hon.+Robert+James+Lee+%28Bob%29%2C+AC&rft.date=2019-07-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aph.gov.au%2FParliamentary_Business%2FHansard%2FHansard_Display%3Fbid%3Dchamber%2Fhansards%2F79f1fe78-5449-42d1-be9b-3f40736f1a19%2F%26sid%3D0004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> Edwards, J.,(1996), p.44 </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> Edwards, J.,(1996), p.6, p.48 </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.afr.com/politics/federal/bob-hawke-memorial-paul-keating-leads-mourners-20190614-p51xpi">"Hawke memorial: Keating on a friendship that lasted to the end"</a>. 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Retrieved 19 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Hawke%3A+1983+National+Economic+Summit+established+success&rft.date=2021-01-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fam%2Fcontent%2F2011%2Fs3400566.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/search/display/display.w3p;query=Id%3A%22library%2Fpartypol%2F1052410%22">"ParlInfo – Australian Labor party: record of achievements 1983–1990"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150111171445/http://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/search/display/display.w3p;query=Id%3A%22library%2Fpartypol%2F1052410%22">Archived</a> from the original on 11 January 2015. 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Commonwealth Consolidated Acts. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200302130346/http://www6.austlii.edu.au/cgi-bin/viewdoc/au/legis/cth/consol_act/sda1984209/s3.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2 March 2020. Retrieved 19 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Commonwealth+Consolidated+Acts&rft.atitle=Sex+Discrimination+Act+1984&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww8.austlii.edu.au%2Fcgi-bin%2Fviewdoc%2Fau%2Flegis%2Fcth%2Fconsol_act%2Fsda1984209%2Fs3.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/hefa1988221/">"Higher Education Funding Act 1988"</a>. Austlii.edu.au. 1 January 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170324005521/http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/hefa1988221/">Archived</a> from the original on 24 March 2017. Retrieved 27 August 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Higher+Education+Funding+Act+1988&rft.pub=Austlii.edu.au&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.austlii.edu.au%2Fau%2Flegis%2Fcth%2Fconsol_act%2Fhefa1988221%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> For discussion see William Bowtell, Australia's Response to HIV/AIDS 1982–2005, Lowy Institute for International Policy, May 2005 </li> <li id="cite_note-Gardiner-Garden-81"><a href="#cite_ref-Gardiner-Garden_81-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGardiner-Garden" class="citation web cs1">Gardiner-Garden, John. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/Parliamentary_Library/pubs/rp/rp9899/99Rp27">"From Dispossession to Reconciliation"</a>. 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Retrieved 16 May 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Australian+Parliamentary+Library&rft.atitle=From+Dispossession+to+Reconciliation&rft.aulast=Gardiner-Garden&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aph.gov.au%2FAbout_Parliament%2FParliamentary_Departments%2FParliamentary_Library%2Fpubs%2Frp%2Frp9899%2F99Rp27&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> Kelly, P., (1992), p. 528 </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> Richardson, G., (1994), pp. 276–77 </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.antarctica.gov.au/news/2009/20th-anniversary-of-the-hawke-governments-action-to-protect-antarctica/">"20th Anniversary of the Hawke government's action to protect Antarctica"</a>. antarctica.gov.au (Press release). Australian Antarctic Program. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210803012550/https://www.antarctica.gov.au/news/2009/20th-anniversary-of-the-hawke-governments-action-to-protect-antarctica/">Archived</a> from the original on 3 August 2021. Retrieved 19 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=20th+Anniversary+of+the+Hawke+government%27s+action+to+protect+Antarctica&rft.pub=Australian+Antarctic+Program&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.antarctica.gov.au%2Fnews%2F2009%2F20th-anniversary-of-the-hawke-governments-action-to-protect-antarctica%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalsh2009" class="citation news cs1">Walsh, Nonee (14 December 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2009-12-14/hawke-honoured-for-antarctic-mining-fight/1178172">"Hawke honoured for Antarctic mining fight"</a>. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220217210611/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2009-12-14/hawke-honoured-for-antarctic-mining-fight/1178172">Archived</a> from the original on 17 February 2022. Retrieved 19 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Hawke+honoured+for+Antarctic+mining+fight&rft.date=2009-12-14&rft.aulast=Walsh&rft.aufirst=Nonee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2F2009-12-14%2Fhawke-honoured-for-antarctic-mining-fight%2F1178172&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-industrialpolicy-86"><a href="#cite_ref-industrialpolicy_86-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190517023044/http://www.naa.gov.au/collection/explore/cabinet/by-year/1984-85/industrial-relations.aspx">"1984–85 – Hawke government – Industrial relations"</a>. National Archives of Australia. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.naa.gov.au/collection/explore/cabinet/by-year/1984-85/industrial-relations.aspx">the original</a> on 17 May 2019. Retrieved 16 May 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Archives+of+Australia&rft.atitle=1984%E2%80%9385+%E2%80%93+Hawke+government+%E2%80%93+Industrial+relations&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.naa.gov.au%2Fcollection%2Fexplore%2Fcabinet%2Fby-year%2F1984-85%2Findustrial-relations.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> Australia's welfare wars: the players, the politics and the ideologies by Philip Mendes </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/australian-council-of-trade-unions-boss-sally-mcmanus-admits-she-doesnt-know-about-bob-hawkes-deregistration-of-the-blf/news-story/e46a8779b1b38e6c615b686f231283bb">"Australian Council of Trade Unions boss Sally McManus admits she doesn't know about Bob Hawke's deregistration of the BLF"</a>. Herald Sun. 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230416040626/https://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/australian-council-of-trade-unions-boss-sally-mcmanus-admits-she-doesnt-know-about-bob-hawkes-deregistration-of-the-blf/news-story/e46a8779b1b38e6c615b686f231283bb">Archived</a> from the original on 16 April 2023. Retrieved 9 December 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Herald+Sun&rft.atitle=Australian+Council+of+Trade+Unions+boss+Sally+McManus+admits+she+doesn%27t+know+about+Bob+Hawke%27s+deregistration+of+the+BLF&rft.date=2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.heraldsun.com.au%2Fnews%2Faustralian-council-of-trade-unions-boss-sally-mcmanus-admits-she-doesnt-know-about-bob-hawkes-deregistration-of-the-blf%2Fnews-story%2Fe46a8779b1b38e6c615b686f231283bb&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://insidestory.org.au/are-we-in-accord/">"Are we in Accord? | Frank Bongiorno"</a>. Inside Story. 27 May 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201028092748/https://insidestory.org.au/are-we-in-accord/">Archived</a> from the original on 28 October 2020. Retrieved 9 December 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Inside+Story&rft.atitle=Are+we+in+Accord%3F+%7C+Frank+Bongiorno&rft.date=2020-05-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finsidestory.org.au%2Fare-we-in-accord%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> Developments in Australian politics by Judith Brett, James A. Gillespie, and Murray Goot </li> <li id="cite_note-History-91">^ <a href="#cite_ref-History_91-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-History_91-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.apec.org/About-Us/About-APEC/History">"History"</a>. apec.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190304034820/http://apec.org/About-Us/About-APEC/History">Archived</a> from the original on 4 March 2019. Retrieved 23 September 2020. <q>The idea of APEC was firstly publicly broached by former Prime Minister of Australia Bob Hawke during a speech in Seoul, Korea, on 30 January 1969. Ten months later, 12 Asia-Pacific economies met in Canberra, Australia, to establish APEC.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=apec.org&rft.atitle=History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.apec.org%2FAbout-Us%2FAbout-APEC%2FHistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-pecc.org-92">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pecc.org_92-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-pecc.org_92-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pecc.org/resources/regional-cooperation/601-back-to-canberra-founding-apec/file">"Back to Canberra: Founding APEC"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160329012108/https://www.pecc.org/resources/regional-cooperation/601-back-to-canberra-founding-apec/file">Archived</a> from the original on 29 March 2016. Retrieved 23 September 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Back+to+Canberra%3A+Founding+APEC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pecc.org%2Fresources%2Fregional-cooperation%2F601-back-to-canberra-founding-apec%2Ffile&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> See Ken Berry, Cambodia From Red to Blue: Australia's Initiative for Peace (Allen & Unwin, 1997) </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFangWeedon2020" class="citation news cs1">Fang, Jason; Weedon, Alan (8 June 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-06-09/china-tiananmen-square-massacre-bob-hawke-australian-asylum/12332084">"More than 40,000 Chinese were offered asylum in Australia exactly 31 years ago. Here are their stories"</a>. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201008135713/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-06-09/china-tiananmen-square-massacre-bob-hawke-australian-asylum/12332084">Archived</a> from the original on 8 October 2020. Retrieved 22 September 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=More+than+40%2C000+Chinese+were+offered+asylum+in+Australia+exactly+31+years+ago.+Here+are+their+stories&rft.date=2020-06-08&rft.aulast=Fang&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft.au=Weedon%2C+Alan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2F2020-06-09%2Fchina-tiananmen-square-massacre-bob-hawke-australian-asylum%2F12332084&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smh.com.au/politics/federal/us-rocket-plan-became-hawkes-first-setback-20121231-2c2ia.html">"US rocket plan became Hawke's first setback"</a>. The Sydney Morning Herald. 1 January 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210618090342/https://www.smh.com.au/politics/federal/us-rocket-plan-became-hawkes-first-setback-20121231-2c2ia.html">Archived</a> from the original on 18 June 2021. Retrieved 19 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sydney+Morning+Herald&rft.atitle=US+rocket+plan+became+Hawke%27s+first+setback&rft.date=2013-01-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smh.com.au%2Fpolitics%2Ffederal%2Fus-rocket-plan-became-hawkes-first-setback-20121231-2c2ia.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLennon2019" class="citation news cs1">Lennon, Troy (18 July 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/news/today-in-history/australia-campaigned-for-nelson-mandelas-freedom-but-disappointed-indigenous-australians-by-not-wanting-to-interfere/news-story/8d68228e616b4c7c40806af20dc405b7">"Australia campaigned for Mandela's freedom"</a>. The Daily Telegraph.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Australia+campaigned+for+Mandela%27s+freedom&rft.date=2019-07-18&rft.aulast=Lennon&rft.aufirst=Troy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailytelegraph.com.au%2Fnews%2Ftoday-in-history%2Faustralia-campaigned-for-nelson-mandelas-freedom-but-disappointed-indigenous-australians-by-not-wanting-to-interfere%2Fnews-story%2F8d68228e616b4c7c40806af20dc405b7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFraser1989" class="citation news cs1">Fraser, Andrew (13 May 1989). "Peacock's future directions". <a href="/wiki/The_Canberra_Times" title="The Canberra Times">The Canberra Times</a>. p. 9.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Canberra+Times&rft.atitle=Peacock%27s+future+directions&rft.pages=9&rft.date=1989-05-13&rft.aulast=Fraser&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Fraser on the skids?". <a href="/wiki/Tribune_(Australian_newspaper)" title="Tribune (Australian newspaper)">The Express Tribune</a>. 10 March 1982. p. 2.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Express+Tribune&rft.atitle=Fraser+on+the+skids%3F&rft.pages=2&rft.date=1982-03-10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOrmonde1983" class="citation news cs1">Ormonde, Peter (23 March 1983). "Fraser's parting blow: the budget deficit - requiem for reform?". <a href="/wiki/Tribune_(Australian_newspaper)" title="Tribune (Australian newspaper)">The Express Tribune</a>. p. 3.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Express+Tribune&rft.atitle=Fraser%27s+parting+blow%3A+the+budget+deficit+-+requiem+for+reform%3F&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1983-03-23&rft.aulast=Ormonde&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKelly1992544-100"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKelly1992544_100-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKelly1992">Kelly 1992</a>, p. 544. </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCoorey2008" class="citation news cs1">Coorey, Phillip (20 May 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smh.com.au/articles/2008/05/19/1211182705614.html">"The biggest hammering in history"</a>. The Sydney Morning Herald. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230816031241/https://www.smh.com.au/national/the-biggest-hammering-in-history-20080520-gdsedo.html">Archived</a> from the original on 16 August 2023. Retrieved 19 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sydney+Morning+Herald&rft.atitle=The+biggest+hammering+in+history&rft.date=2008-05-20&rft.aulast=Coorey&rft.aufirst=Phillip&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smh.com.au%2Farticles%2F2008%2F05%2F19%2F1211182705614.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://australianpolitics.com/elections/1984/">"1984 Federal Election"</a>. AustralianPolitics.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160501203340/http://australianpolitics.com/elections/1984">Archived</a> from the original on 1 May 2016. 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Guardian News & Media Limited. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231104065021/https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2016/jan/01/cabinet-papers-1990-91-hawkes-fight-to-keep-mining-out-of-kakadu-helped-unseat-him">Archived</a> from the original on 4 November 2023. 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Prime Ministers of Australia: <a href="/wiki/National_Archives_of_Australia" title="National Archives of Australia">National Archives of Australia</a>. <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Australia">Government of Australia</a>. 20 February 1992. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120626015539/http://primeministers.naa.gov.au/primeministers/hawke/after-office.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 26 June 2012. 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Australia. 13 July 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121110180307/http://www.abc.net.au/news/2008-07-13/hawke-and-keating-bury-the-hatchet/2586080">Archived</a> from the original on 10 November 2012. 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Retrieved 25 April 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Age&rft.atitle=Hawke+queries+record+of+man+who+%27buggered%27+the+economy&rft.date=2007-10-24&rft.aulast=Ker&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.au=Grattan%2C+Michelle&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theage.com.au%2Fnews%2Ffederalelection2007news%2Fhawke-queries-record-of-man-who-buggered-the-economy%2F2007%2F10%2F24%2F1192941153265.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWelch2008" class="citation news cs1">Welch, Dylan (13 February 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smh.com.au/news/national/prime-minister-kevin-rudd-made-today-an--historic-one-for-australia/2008/02/13/1202760342960.html">"Kevin Rudd says sorry"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Sydney_Morning_Herald" title="The Sydney Morning Herald">The Sydney Morning Herald</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080227233812/http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/prime-minister-kevin-rudd-made-today-an--historic-one-for-australia/2008/02/13/1202760342960.html">Archived</a> from the original on 27 February 2008. Retrieved 22 February 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sydney+Morning+Herald&rft.atitle=Kevin+Rudd+says+sorry&rft.date=2008-02-13&rft.aulast=Welch&rft.aufirst=Dylan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smh.com.au%2Fnews%2Fnational%2Fprime-minister-kevin-rudd-made-today-an--historic-one-for-australia%2F2008%2F02%2F13%2F1202760342960.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWard,_Amanda2009" class="citation news cs1">Ward, Amanda (December 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110222062339/http://www.adelaidereview.com.au/archives.php?subaction=showfull&id=1259130386&archive=1261450745&start_from=&ucat=16&">"World peace and a republic"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Review" class="mw-redirect" title="Adelaide Review">Adelaide Review</a>. 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Retrieved 14 March 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Adelaide+Review&rft.atitle=World+peace+and+a+republic&rft.issue=358&rft.pages=6-7&rft.date=2009-12&rft.au=Ward%2C+Amanda&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.adelaidereview.com.au%2Farchives.php%3Fsubaction%3Dshowfull%26id%3D1259130386%26archive%3D1261450745%26start_from%3D%26ucat%3D16%26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKelly,_Fran" class="citation news cs1">Kelly, Fran. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/breakfast/bob-hawke-urges-australian-politicians-to-legalise-euthanasia/7323470?WT.mc_id=Innovation_Radio-RN-Breakfast">"Bob Hawke on voluntary euthanasia and 'losing his marbles'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Radio_National_Breakfast" class="mw-redirect" title="Radio National Breakfast">Radio National Breakfast</a>. No. Thursday 14 April 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220603042157/https://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/breakfast/bob-hawke-urges-australian-politicians-to-legalise-euthanasia/7323470?WT.mc_id=Innovation_Radio-RN-Breakfast">Archived</a> from the original on 3 June 2022. Retrieved 17 August 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radio+National+Breakfast&rft.atitle=Bob+Hawke+on+voluntary+euthanasia+and+%27losing+his+marbles%27&rft.issue=Thursday+14+April+2016&rft.au=Kelly%2C+Fran&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fradionational%2Fprograms%2Fbreakfast%2Fbob-hawke-urges-australian-politicians-to-legalise-euthanasia%2F7323470%3FWT.mc_id%3DInnovation_Radio-RN-Breakfast&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="euth" class="citation news cs1">Koziol, Michael (14 April 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smh.com.au/federal-politics/political-news/absurd-bob-hawke-blasts-lack-of-political-will-to-legalise-euthanasia-20160413-go5w9u.html">"Absurd: Bob Hawke blasts lack of political will to legalise euthanasia"</a>. The Sydney Morning Herald. No. 14 April 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160807121439/http://www.smh.com.au/federal-politics/political-news/absurd-bob-hawke-blasts-lack-of-political-will-to-legalise-euthanasia-20160413-go5w9u.html">Archived</a> from the original on 7 August 2016. Retrieved 17 August 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sydney+Morning+Herald&rft.atitle=Absurd%3A+Bob+Hawke+blasts+lack+of+political+will+to+legalise+euthanasia&rft.issue=14+April+2016&rft.date=2016-04-14&rft.aulast=Koziol&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smh.com.au%2Ffederal-politics%2Fpolitical-news%2Fabsurd-bob-hawke-blasts-lack-of-political-will-to-legalise-euthanasia-20160413-go5w9u.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-12-28/we-must-embrace-nuclear-power-bob-hawke-divides-audience/8151346">"Bob Hawke pushes nuclear power at Woodford Folk Festival"</a>. ABC News. 28 December 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171225210911/http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-12-28/we-must-embrace-nuclear-power-bob-hawke-divides-audience/8151346">Archived</a> from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 27 December 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=Bob+Hawke+pushes+nuclear+power+at+Woodford+Folk+Festival&rft.date=2016-12-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2F2016-12-28%2Fwe-must-embrace-nuclear-power-bob-hawke-divides-audience%2F8151346&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFButler2016" class="citation news cs1">Butler, Josh (1 January 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com.au/2016/01/01/hawke-nuclear-waste-australia_n_8871578.html">"Bob Hawke Says Nuclear Waste Dump 'A Win-Win' For Australia"</a>. 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Retrieved 27 December 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=HuffPost&rft.atitle=Bob+Hawke+Says+Nuclear+Waste+Dump+%27A+Win-Win%27+For+Australia&rft.date=2016-01-01&rft.aulast=Butler&rft.aufirst=Josh&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com.au%2F2016%2F01%2F01%2Fhawke-nuclear-waste-australia_n_8871578.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-12-29/bob-hawke-reveals-terrible-health-labor-to-win-federal-election/10673364">"Bob Hawke reveals 'terrible health' as he tips Labor to win federal election"</a>. 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Retrieved 29 December 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bob+Hawke+reveals+%27terrible+health%27+as+he+tips+Labor+to+win+federal+election&rft.pub=ABC&rft.date=2018-12-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2F2018-12-29%2Fbob-hawke-reveals-terrible-health-labor-to-win-federal-election%2F10673364&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.canberratimes.com.au/story/6111996/old-foes-bury-the-hatchet-to-endorse-shorten/?cs=14350">"Bob Hawke and Paul Keating reunite for the first time in 28 years to endorse Labor's economic plan"</a>. The Canberra Times. 8 May 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200813082510/https://www.canberratimes.com.au/story/6111996/old-foes-bury-the-hatchet-to-endorse-shorten/?cs=14350">Archived</a> from the original on 13 August 2020. Retrieved 8 May 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Canberra+Times&rft.atitle=Bob+Hawke+and+Paul+Keating+reunite+for+the+first+time+in+28+years+to+endorse+Labor%27s+economic+plan&rft.date=2019-05-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.canberratimes.com.au%2Fstory%2F6111996%2Fold-foes-bury-the-hatchet-to-endorse-shorten%2F%3Fcs%3D14350&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smh.com.au/politics/federal/labor-legend-bob-hawke-dies-aged-89-20190516-p51o89.html">"Labor legend Bob Hawke dies aged 89"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Sydney_Morning_Herald" title="The Sydney Morning Herald">The Sydney Morning Herald</a>. 16 May 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190801070703/https://www.smh.com.au/politics/federal/labor-legend-bob-hawke-dies-aged-89-20190516-p51o89.html">Archived</a> from the original on 1 August 2019. Retrieved 16 May 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Sydney+Morning+Herald&rft.atitle=Labor+legend+Bob+Hawke+dies+aged+89&rft.date=2019-05-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smh.com.au%2Fpolitics%2Ffederal%2Flabor-legend-bob-hawke-dies-aged-89-20190516-p51o89.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-death-136"><a href="#cite_ref-death_136-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-05-16/bob-hawke-dies-former-australian-prime-minister-and-labor-leader/6562902">"Bob Hawke, Australia's 23rd prime minister, dies aged 89"</a>. ABC News. 16 May 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230514145335/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-05-16/bob-hawke-dies-former-australian-prime-minister-and-labor-leader/6562902">Archived</a> from the original on 14 May 2023. Retrieved 16 May 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=Bob+Hawke%2C+Australia%27s+23rd+prime+minister%2C+dies+aged+89&rft.date=2019-05-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2F2019-05-16%2Fbob-hawke-dies-former-australian-prime-minister-and-labor-leader%2F6562902&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smh.com.au/national/carte-blanche-20130819-2s5rr.html">"'Carte Blanche'"</a>. Sydney Morning Herald. 24 August 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190623050147/https://www.smh.com.au/national/carte-blanche-20130819-2s5rr.html">Archived</a> from the original on 23 June 2019. Retrieved 23 June 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sydney+Morning+Herald&rft.atitle=%27Carte+Blanche%27&rft.date=2013-08-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smh.com.au%2Fnational%2Fcarte-blanche-20130819-2s5rr.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smh.com.au/national/bob-hawke-s-state-funeral-to-be-held-at-sydney-opera-house-20190524-p51qx6.html">"Bob Hawke's state funeral to be held at Sydney Opera House"</a>. 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Schwartz, Melbourne. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0867530014" title="Special:BookSources/0867530014">0867530014</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-The_transformation_of_Hazel_Hawke-140">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_transformation_of_Hazel_Hawke_140-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_transformation_of_Hazel_Hawke_140-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.news.com.au/national/obituary-the-transformation-of-hazel-hawke/news-story/6365a4bbebdf422857464268fb15d3fb">"The transformation of Hazel Hawke"</a>. 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Syney Morning Herald. 23 August 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170822223846/http://www.smh.com.au/national/carte-blanche-20130818-2s5rr.html">Archived</a> from the original on 22 August 2017. Retrieved 22 August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Syney+Morning+Herald&rft.atitle=Carte+Blanche&rft.date=2013-08-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smh.com.au%2Fnational%2Fcarte-blanche-20130818-2s5rr.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-11-17/bob-hawke-speaks-about-his-final-visit-to-first-wife-hazel-hawke/5892598">"Bob Hawke speaks about his final visit to first wife Hazel"</a>. ABC News. 17 November 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180825193602/http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-11-17/bob-hawke-speaks-about-his-final-visit-to-first-wife-hazel-hawke/5892598">Archived</a> from the original on 25 August 2018. Retrieved 25 August 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=Bob+Hawke+speaks+about+his+final+visit+to+first+wife+Hazel&rft.date=2014-11-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2F2014-11-17%2Fbob-hawke-speaks-about-his-final-visit-to-first-wife-hazel-hawke%2F5892598&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nine.com.au/entertainment/viral/bob-hawke-best-beer-moments-remembered-after-his-death/dc5a3532-2ab5-456f-a8e6-247104b8a4e2">"Bob Hawke's best beer moments remembered after his death"</a>. nine.com.au. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200922092231/https://www.nine.com.au/entertainment/viral/bob-hawke-best-beer-moments-remembered-after-his-death/dc5a3532-2ab5-456f-a8e6-247104b8a4e2">Archived</a> from the original on 22 September 2020. Retrieved 22 September 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nine.com.au&rft.atitle=Bob+Hawke%27s+best+beer+moments+remembered+after+his+death&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nine.com.au%2Fentertainment%2Fviral%2Fbob-hawke-best-beer-moments-remembered-after-his-death%2Fdc5a3532-2ab5-456f-a8e6-247104b8a4e2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation episode cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170825235442/http://www.abc.net.au/tv/enoughrope/transcripts/s2301431.htm">"Elders Part 5: Bob Hawke"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Enough_Rope" title="Enough Rope">Elders with Andrew Denton</a>. 11 January 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abc.net.au/tv/enoughrope/transcripts/s2301431.htm">the original</a> on 25 August 2017. Retrieved 23 February 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Elders+with+Andrew+Denton&rft.date=2010-01-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Ftv%2Fenoughrope%2Ftranscripts%2Fs2301431.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceB-145"><a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceB_145-0">^</a> Blanche d'Alpuget, Robert J. Hawke, 87 </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170825235442/http://www.abc.net.au/tv/enoughrope/transcripts/s2301431.htm">"ENOUGH ROPE with Andrew Denton – episode 176: Elders Part 5 – Bob Hawke (14/07/2008)"</a>. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 14 July 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abc.net.au/tv/enoughrope/transcripts/s2301431.htm">the original</a> on 25 August 2017. Retrieved 31 July 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ENOUGH+ROPE+with+Andrew+Denton+%E2%80%93+episode+176%3A+Elders+Part+5+%E2%80%93+Bob+Hawke+%2814%2F07%2F2008%29&rft.pub=Australian+Broadcasting+Corporation&rft.date=2008-07-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Ftv%2Fenoughrope%2Ftranscripts%2Fs2301431.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.canberratimes.com.au/story/6129659/ricky-remembers-the-larrikin-pm-that-was-always-just-one-of-us-boys/">"Ricky remembers the larrikin PM that was always just 'one of us' boys"</a>. The Canberra Times. 17 May 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230420060202/https://www.canberratimes.com.au/story/6129659/ricky-remembers-the-larrikin-pm-that-was-always-just-one-of-us-boys/">Archived</a> from the original on 20 April 2023. Retrieved 20 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Canberra+Times&rft.atitle=Ricky+remembers+the+larrikin+PM+that+was+always+just+%27one+of+us%27+boys&rft.date=2019-05-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.canberratimes.com.au%2Fstory%2F6129659%2Fricky-remembers-the-larrikin-pm-that-was-always-just-one-of-us-boys%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMangan2009" class="citation web cs1">Mangan, John (19 July 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theage.com.au/entertainment/movies/capturing-the-life-times-and-hair-of-hawke-20090719-ge7zvx.html">"Capturing the life, times and hair of Hawke"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Age" title="The Age">The Age</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190306043401/https://www.theage.com.au/entertainment/movies/capturing-the-life-times-and-hair-of-hawke-20090719-ge7zvx.html">Archived</a> from the original on 6 March 2019. Retrieved 3 March 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Age&rft.atitle=Capturing+the+life%2C+times+and+hair+of+Hawke&rft.date=2009-07-19&rft.aulast=Mangan&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theage.com.au%2Fentertainment%2Fmovies%2Fcapturing-the-life-times-and-hair-of-hawke-20090719-ge7zvx.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEnker2010" class="citation web cs1">Enker, Debi (15 July 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/tv-and-radio/nailing-the-silver-bodgie-20100714-10ap8.html">"Nailing the Silver Bodgie"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Sydney_Morning_Herald" title="The Sydney Morning Herald">The Sydney Morning Herald</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190306044108/https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/tv-and-radio/nailing-the-silver-bodgie-20100714-10ap8.html">Archived</a> from the original on 6 March 2019. Retrieved 3 March 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Sydney+Morning+Herald&rft.atitle=Nailing+the+Silver+Bodgie&rft.date=2010-07-15&rft.aulast=Enker&rft.aufirst=Debi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smh.com.au%2Fentertainment%2Ftv-and-radio%2Fnailing-the-silver-bodgie-20100714-10ap8.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><a href="#cite_ref-150">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIdato2020" class="citation web cs1">Idato, Michael (15 November 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smh.com.au/culture/tv-and-radio/bringing-the-drama-down-under-the-crown-breaks-the-spell-of-a-royal-moment-in-time-20201113-p56ehk.html">"Bringing the drama down under, The Crown breaks the spell of a royal moment in time"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Sydney_Morning_Herald" title="The Sydney Morning Herald">The Sydney Morning Herald</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201115234614/https://www.smh.com.au/culture/tv-and-radio/bringing-the-drama-down-under-the-crown-breaks-the-spell-of-a-royal-moment-in-time-20201113-p56ehk.html">Archived</a> from the original on 15 November 2020. Retrieved 16 November 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Sydney+Morning+Herald&rft.atitle=Bringing+the+drama+down+under%2C+The+Crown+breaks+the+spell+of+a+royal+moment+in+time&rft.date=2020-11-15&rft.aulast=Idato&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smh.com.au%2Fculture%2Ftv-and-radio%2Fbringing-the-drama-down-under-the-crown-breaks-the-spell-of-a-royal-moment-in-time-20201113-p56ehk.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-151">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_151-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_151-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_151-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoisvert2024" class="citation news cs1">Boisvert, Eugene (10 May 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-05-10/bob-hawke-childhood-house-opens-as-accommodation/103780282">"Bob Hawke's childhood house in Bordertown opens for accommodation and functions"</a>. ABC News. Retrieved 11 June 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=Bob+Hawke%27s+childhood+house+in+Bordertown+opens+for+accommodation+and+functions&rft.date=2024-05-10&rft.aulast=Boisvert&rft.aufirst=Eugene&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2F2024-05-10%2Fbob-hawke-childhood-house-opens-as-accommodation%2F103780282&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ABC_News-2019-152">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ABC_News-2019_152-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ABC_News-2019_152-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-07-07/bob-hawke-childhood-home-bought-by-federal-government/11286228">"Bob Hawke's childhood home in SA to be renovated after Federal Government sets aside $750k"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABC_News_(Australia)" title="ABC News (Australia)">ABC News</a>. 7 July 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230816034919/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-07-07/bob-hawke-childhood-home-bought-by-federal-government/11286228">Archived</a> from the original on 16 August 2023. Retrieved 8 February 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=Bob+Hawke%27s+childhood+home+in+SA+to+be+renovated+after+Federal+Government+sets+aside+%24750k&rft.date=2019-07-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2F2019-07-07%2Fbob-hawke-childhood-home-bought-by-federal-government%2F11286228&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPiovesan2020" class="citation web cs1">Piovesan, Anthony (27 December 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.news.com.au/national/western-australia/west-australia-government-buys-bob-hawkes-childhood-home-for-145-million/news-story/44f5bc51ce837d4e1a427bb82bbc7e6e">"WA govt pays whopping amount for Bob Hawke's Perth home"</a>. News.com.au. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201228004855/https://www.news.com.au/national/western-australia/west-australia-government-buys-bob-hawkes-childhood-home-for-145-million/news-story/44f5bc51ce837d4e1a427bb82bbc7e6e">Archived</a> from the original on 28 December 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=News.com.au&rft.atitle=WA+govt+pays+whopping+amount+for+Bob+Hawke%27s+Perth+home&rft.date=2020-12-27&rft.aulast=Piovesan&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.news.com.au%2Fnational%2Fwestern-australia%2Fwest-australia-government-buys-bob-hawkes-childhood-home-for-145-million%2Fnews-story%2F44f5bc51ce837d4e1a427bb82bbc7e6e&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBell2020" class="citation web cs1">Bell, Frances (30 January 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-01-27/bob-hawke-college-set-to-welcome-first-perth-students-next-week/11903136">"New $70 million Perth high school named after Bob Hawke prepares to welcome its first students"</a>. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200213063532/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-01-27/bob-hawke-college-set-to-welcome-first-perth-students-next-week/11903136">Archived</a> from the original on 13 February 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+%2470+million+Perth+high+school+named+after+Bob+Hawke+prepares+to+welcome+its+first+students&rft.pub=Australian+Broadcasting+Corporation&rft.date=2020-01-30&rft.aulast=Bell&rft.aufirst=Frances&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2F2020-01-27%2Fbob-hawke-college-set-to-welcome-first-perth-students-next-week%2F11903136&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thewest.com.au/politics/liberal-backbenchers-seat-to-be-abolished-ng-s-2054107">"Bob Hawke honoured with Vic seat name"</a>. 19 March 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210319050932/https://thewest.com.au/politics/liberal-backbenchers-seat-to-be-abolished-ng-s-2054107">Archived</a> from the original on 19 March 2021. Retrieved 20 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bob+Hawke+honoured+with+Vic+seat+name&rft.date=2021-03-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthewest.com.au%2Fpolitics%2Fliberal-backbenchers-seat-to-be-abolished-ng-s-2054107&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://honours.pmc.gov.au/honours/awards/881975">"It's an Honour"</a>. Government of Australia. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190129123025/https://honours.pmc.gov.au/honours/awards/881975">Archived</a> from the original on 29 January 2019. Retrieved 3 September 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Government+of+Australia&rft.atitle=It%27s+an+Honour&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhonours.pmc.gov.au%2Fhonours%2Fawards%2F881975&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWright2014" class="citation web cs1">Wright, Tony (25 March 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smh.com.au/politics/federal/tony-abbotts-bunyip-aristocracy-arise-lord-clive-and-lady-gina-20140325-35g7i.html">"Tony Abbott's Bunyip Aristocracy: arise, Lord Clive and Lady Gina"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Sydney_Morning_Herald" title="The Sydney Morning Herald">The Sydney Morning Herald</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190306042813/https://www.smh.com.au/politics/federal/tony-abbotts-bunyip-aristocracy-arise-lord-clive-and-lady-gina-20140325-35g7i.html">Archived</a> from the original on 6 March 2019. Retrieved 3 March 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Sydney+Morning+Herald&rft.atitle=Tony+Abbott%27s+Bunyip+Aristocracy%3A+arise%2C+Lord+Clive+and+Lady+Gina&rft.date=2014-03-25&rft.aulast=Wright&rft.aufirst=Tony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smh.com.au%2Fpolitics%2Ffederal%2Ftony-abbotts-bunyip-aristocracy-arise-lord-clive-and-lady-gina-20140325-35g7i.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://static.moadoph.gov.au/ophgovau/media/images/apmc/docs/23-Hawke-Web.pdf">"Prime facts 23"</a> (PDF). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://static.moadoph.gov.au/ophgovau/media/images/apmc/docs/23-Hawke-Web.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. 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Australian Associated Press. 4 July 2003. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190306043427/https://www.theage.com.au/world/oxford-honours-hawke-20030704-gdvznp.html">Archived</a> from the original on 6 March 2019. 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Retrieved 29 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UniSA&rft.atitle=The+Bob+Hawke+Prime+Ministerial+Centre&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Funisa.edu.au%2Fconnect%2Fhawke-centre%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060819031409/http://www.unisa.edu.au/hawkecentre/library/default.asp">"The Bob Hawke Prime Ministerial Library"</a>. UniSA. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unisa.edu.au/hawkecentre/library/default.asp">the original</a> on 19 August 2006. Retrieved 3 September 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UniSA&rft.atitle=The+Bob+Hawke+Prime+Ministerial+Library&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unisa.edu.au%2Fhawkecentre%2Flibrary%2Fdefault.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bob_Hawke&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Bibliography">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 40em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnson1991" class="citation book cs1">Anson, Stan (1991). Hawke: An Emotional Life. Macphee Gribble.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hawke%3A+An+Emotional+Life&rft.pub=Macphee+Gribble&rft.date=1991&rft.aulast=Anson&rft.aufirst=Stan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlewettGrattan2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Neal_Blewett" title="Neal Blewett">Blewett, Neal</a>; <a href="/wiki/Michelle_Grattan" title="Michelle Grattan">Grattan, Michelle</a> (2000). Australian Prime Ministers. Sydney: <a href="/wiki/New_Holland_Publishers" title="New Holland Publishers">New Holland Publishers</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-86436-756-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-86436-756-3"><bdi>1-86436-756-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Australian+Prime+Ministers&rft.place=Sydney&rft.pub=New+Holland+Publishers&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=1-86436-756-3&rft.aulast=Blewett&rft.aufirst=Neal&rft.au=Grattan%2C+Michelle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBolton1990" class="citation book cs1">Bolton, Geoffrey (1990). The Oxford History of Australia: The Middle Way: 1942–1988.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+History+of+Australia%3A+The+Middle+Way%3A+1942%E2%80%931988&rft.date=1990&rft.aulast=Bolton&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBramston2022" class="citation book cs1">Bramston, Troy (2022). Bob Hawke: Demons and Destiny. 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Pluto. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-86403-264-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-86403-264-2"><bdi>1-86403-264-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hawke+Government+%3A+A+Critical+Retrospective&rft.pub=Pluto&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=1-86403-264-2&rft.aulast=Bramston&rft.aufirst=Troy&rft.au=Ryan%2C+Susan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFd'Alpuget1984" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Blanche_d%27Alpuget" title="Blanche d'Alpuget">d'Alpuget, Blanche</a> (1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/robertjhawke00blan">Robert J. Hawke, a biography</a>. Schwartz in conjunction with Landsdowne Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-86753-001-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-86753-001-4"><bdi>0-86753-001-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Robert+J.+Hawke%2C+a+biography&rft.pub=Schwartz+in+conjunction+with+Landsdowne+Press&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=0-86753-001-4&rft.aulast=d%27Alpuget&rft.aufirst=Blanche&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Frobertjhawke00blan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFd'Alpuget2011" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Blanche_d%27Alpuget" title="Blanche d'Alpuget">d'Alpuget, Blanche</a> (2011). Hawke: The Early Years. Melbourne University Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-522-85800-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-522-85800-6"><bdi>978-0-522-85800-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hawke%3A+The+Early+Years&rft.pub=Melbourne+University+Publishing&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-522-85800-6&rft.aulast=d%27Alpuget&rft.aufirst=Blanche&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFd'Alpuget2019" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Blanche_d%27Alpuget" title="Blanche d'Alpuget">d'Alpuget, Blanche</a> (2019). Bob Hawke: The Complete Biography. <a href="/wiki/Simon_%26_Schuster" title="Simon & Schuster">Simon & Schuster</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-76085-326-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-76085-326-6"><bdi>978-1-76085-326-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bob+Hawke%3A+The+Complete+Biography&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-1-76085-326-6&rft.aulast=d%27Alpuget&rft.aufirst=Blanche&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavidsonHirstMacIntyre1998" class="citation book cs1">Davidson, Graham; Hirst, John; MacIntyre, Stuart (1998). The Oxford Companion to Australian History. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-553597-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-553597-9"><bdi>0-19-553597-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Companion+to+Australian+History&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=0-19-553597-9&rft.aulast=Davidson&rft.aufirst=Graham&rft.au=Hirst%2C+John&rft.au=MacIntyre%2C+Stuart&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEdwards1996" class="citation book cs1">Edwards, John (1996). Keating, The Inside Story. Penguin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-14-026601-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-14-026601-1"><bdi>0-14-026601-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Keating%2C+The+Inside+Story&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0-14-026601-1&rft.aulast=Edwards&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHawke1994" class="citation book cs1">Hawke, Bob (1994). The Hawke Memoirs. Heinemann. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85561-502-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-85561-502-8"><bdi>0-85561-502-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hawke+Memoirs&rft.pub=Heinemann&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=0-85561-502-8&rft.aulast=Hawke&rft.aufirst=Bob&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHurst1983" class="citation book cs1">Hurst, John (1983). Hawke PM. Angus & Robertson. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-207-14806-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-207-14806-6"><bdi>0-207-14806-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hawke+PM&rft.pub=Angus+%26+Robertson&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=0-207-14806-6&rft.aulast=Hurst&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJaensch1989" class="citation book cs1">Jaensch, Dean (1989). The Hawke-Keating Hijack. Allen and Unwin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-04-370192-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-04-370192-2"><bdi>0-04-370192-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hawke-Keating+Hijack&rft.pub=Allen+and+Unwin&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=0-04-370192-2&rft.aulast=Jaensch&rft.aufirst=Dean&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJaenschTeichmann1992" class="citation book cs1">Jaensch, Dean; Teichmann, Max (1992). The Macmillan Dictionary of Australian Politics.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Macmillan+Dictionary+of+Australian+Politics&rft.date=1992&rft.aulast=Jaensch&rft.aufirst=Dean&rft.au=Teichmann%2C+Max&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKelly1984" class="citation book cs1">Kelly, Paul (1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/hawkeascendencyd0000kell">The Hawke ascendency: a definitive account of its origins and climax, 1975–1983</a>. Angus & Robertson. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-207-14727-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-207-14727-2"><bdi>978-0-207-14727-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hawke+ascendency%3A+a+definitive+account+of+its+origins+and+climax%2C+1975%E2%80%931983&rft.pub=Angus+%26+Robertson&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=978-0-207-14727-2&rft.aulast=Kelly&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhawkeascendencyd0000kell&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKelly1992" class="citation book cs1">Kelly, Paul (1992). The End of Certainty: The story of the 1980s. Allen & Unwin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-86373-227-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-86373-227-6"><bdi>1-86373-227-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+End+of+Certainty%3A+The+story+of+the+1980s&rft.pub=Allen+%26+Unwin&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=1-86373-227-6&rft.aulast=Kelly&rft.aufirst=Paul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacklin2017" class="citation book cs1">Macklin, Robert (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/Dragon-Kangaroo-Australia-China%C2%92s-Goldfields-ebook/dp/B07257SMK3/">Dragon and Kangaroo: Australia and China's Shared History from the Goldfields to the Present Day</a>. Hachette Australia. pp. 273–286. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210929230654/https://www.amazon.com/Dragon-Kangaroo-Australia-China%C2%92s-Goldfields-ebook/dp/B07257SMK3">Archived</a> from the original on 29 September 2021. Retrieved 29 September 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dragon+and+Kangaroo%3A+Australia+and+China%27s+Shared+History+from+the+Goldfields+to+the+Present+Day&rft.pages=273-286&rft.pub=Hachette+Australia&rft.date=2017&rft.aulast=Macklin&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2FDragon-Kangaroo-Australia-China%25C2%2592s-Goldfields-ebook%2Fdp%2FB07257SMK3%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMills1993" class="citation book cs1">Mills, Stephen (1993). The Hawke Years. Viking. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-670-84563-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-670-84563-9"><bdi>0-670-84563-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hawke+Years&rft.pub=Viking&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=0-670-84563-9&rft.aulast=Mills&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichardson1994" class="citation book cs1">Richardson, Graham (1994). Whatever It Takes. Bantam. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-86359-332-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-86359-332-2"><bdi>1-86359-332-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Whatever+It+Takes&rft.pub=Bantam&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=1-86359-332-2&rft.aulast=Richardson&rft.aufirst=Graham&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABob+Hawke" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bob_Hawke&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bob_Hawke" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Bob Hawke">Bob Hawke</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111027034345/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,951966-2,00.html">"Hawke Swoops into Power"</a> – Time, 14 March 1983</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.naa.gov.au/explore-collection/australias-prime-ministers/robert-hawke">Robert Hawke</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220214095341/https://www.naa.gov.au/explore-collection/australias-prime-ministers/robert-hawke">Archived</a> 14 February 2022 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> – Australia's Prime Ministers / National Archives of Australia</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080518090728/http://www.hawkecentre.unisa.edu.au/">Bob Hawke Prime Ministerial Centre</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?2089">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid lightgreen">Trade union offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Percy_Clarey" title="Percy Clarey">Percy Clarey</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Australian_Council_of_Trade_Unions" title="Australian Council of Trade Unions">President of the Australian Council of Trade Unions</a> 1969–1980 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Cliff_Dolan" title="Cliff Dolan">Cliff Dolan</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Australia" title="Parliament of Australia">Parliament of Australia</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Bryant" title="Gordon Bryant">Gordon Bryant</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Australian_House_of_Representatives" title="Australian House of Representatives">Member of Parliament</a> for <a href="/wiki/Division_of_Wills" title="Division of Wills">Wills</a> 1980–1992 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Phil_Cleary" title="Phil Cleary">Phil Cleary</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Hayden" title="Bill Hayden">Bill Hayden</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Australian_Leaders_of_the_Opposition" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Australian Leaders of the Opposition">Leader of the Opposition</a> 1983 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Peacock" title="Andrew Peacock">Andrew Peacock</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Fraser" title="Malcolm Fraser">Malcolm Fraser</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Australia" title="Prime Minister of Australia">Prime Minister of Australia</a> 1983–1991 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Keating" title="Paul Keating">Paul Keating</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Burns_(Australian_politician)" title="Tom Burns (Australian politician)">Tom Burns</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party_National_Executive#National_Presidents" title="Australian Labor Party National Executive">President of the Labor Party</a> 1973–1980 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Neville_Wran" title="Neville Wran">Neville Wran</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Hayden" title="Bill Hayden">Bill Hayden</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party" title="Australian Labor Party">Leader of the Labor Party</a> 1983–1991 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Keating" title="Paul Keating">Paul Keating</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Prime_ministers_of_Australia_(list)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Prime_ministers_of_Australia" title="Template:Prime ministers of Australia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Prime_ministers_of_Australia" title="Template talk:Prime ministers of Australia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Prime_ministers_of_Australia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Prime ministers of Australia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Prime_ministers_of_Australia_(list)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Australia" title="Prime Minister of Australia">Prime ministers of Australia</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Australia" title="List of prime ministers of Australia">list</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Barton" title="Edmund Barton">Barton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Deakin" title="Alfred Deakin">Deakin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Watson" title="Chris Watson">Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Reid" title="George Reid">Reid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Deakin" title="Alfred Deakin">Deakin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Fisher" title="Andrew Fisher">Fisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Deakin" title="Alfred Deakin">Deakin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Fisher" title="Andrew Fisher">Fisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Cook" title="Joseph Cook">Cook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Fisher" title="Andrew Fisher">Fisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Hughes" title="Billy Hughes">Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Bruce" title="Stanley Bruce">Bruce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Scullin" title="James Scullin">Scullin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Lyons" title="Joseph Lyons">Lyons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earle_Page" title="Earle Page">Page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Menzies" title="Robert Menzies">Menzies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Fadden" title="Arthur Fadden">Fadden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Curtin" title="John Curtin">Curtin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Forde" title="Frank Forde">Forde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Chifley" title="Ben Chifley">Chifley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Menzies" title="Robert Menzies">Menzies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Holt" title="Harold Holt">Holt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McEwen" title="John McEwen">McEwen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Gorton" title="John Gorton">Gorton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_McMahon" title="William McMahon">McMahon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gough_Whitlam" title="Gough Whitlam">Whitlam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Fraser" title="Malcolm Fraser">Fraser</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hawke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Keating" title="Paul Keating">Keating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Howard" title="John Howard">Howard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Rudd" title="Kevin Rudd">Rudd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Gillard" title="Julia Gillard">Gillard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Rudd" title="Kevin Rudd">Rudd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Abbott" title="Tony Abbott">Abbott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Turnbull" title="Malcolm Turnbull">Turnbull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Morrison" title="Scott Morrison">Morrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Albanese" title="Anthony Albanese">Albanese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:Prime_Ministers_of_Australia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:Prime Ministers of Australia (page does not exist)">Category</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Leaders_of_the_Australian_Labor_Party" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Leaders_of_the_Australian_Labor_Party" title="Template:Leaders of the Australian Labor Party"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Leaders_of_the_Australian_Labor_Party" title="Template talk:Leaders of the Australian Labor Party"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Leaders_of_the_Australian_Labor_Party" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Leaders of the Australian Labor Party"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Leaders_of_the_Australian_Labor_Party" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Leaders_of_the_Australian_Labor_Party" title="Leaders of the Australian Labor Party">Leaders of the Australian Labor Party</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Watson" title="Chris Watson">Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Fisher" title="Andrew Fisher">Fisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Hughes" title="Billy Hughes">Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Tudor" title="Frank Tudor">Tudor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Charlton" title="Matthew Charlton">Charlton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Scullin" title="James Scullin">Scullin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Curtin" title="John Curtin">Curtin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Chifley" title="Ben Chifley">Chifley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._V._Evatt" title="H. V. Evatt">Evatt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Calwell" title="Arthur Calwell">Calwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gough_Whitlam" title="Gough Whitlam">Whitlam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Hayden" title="Bill Hayden">Hayden</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hawke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Keating" title="Paul Keating">Keating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Beazley" title="Kim Beazley">Beazley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Crean" title="Simon Crean">Crean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Latham" title="Mark Latham">Latham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Beazley" title="Kim Beazley">Beazley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Rudd" title="Kevin Rudd">Rudd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Gillard" title="Julia Gillard">Gillard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Rudd" title="Kevin Rudd">Rudd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Shorten" title="Bill Shorten">Shorten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Albanese" title="Anthony Albanese">Albanese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Presidents_of_the_Australian_Council_of_Trade_Unions" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:ACTU_Presidents" title="Template:ACTU Presidents"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:ACTU_Presidents" title="Template talk:ACTU Presidents"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:ACTU_Presidents" title="Special:EditPage/Template:ACTU Presidents"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Presidents_of_the_Australian_Council_of_Trade_Unions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Council_of_Trade_Unions" title="Australian Council of Trade Unions">Presidents of the Australian Council of Trade Unions</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Duggan" title="Billy Duggan">Billy Duggan</a> (1927–1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Monk" title="Albert Monk">Albert Monk</a> (1934–1943; 1949–1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Percy_Clarey" title="Percy Clarey">Percy Clarey</a> (1943–1949)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bob Hawke</a> (1969–1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cliff_Dolan" title="Cliff Dolan">Cliff Dolan</a> (1980–1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Crean" title="Simon Crean">Simon Crean</a> (1985–1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Ferguson_(politician)" title="Martin Ferguson (politician)">Martin Ferguson</a> (1990–1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jennie_George" title="Jennie George">Jennie George</a> (1996–2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharan_Burrow" title="Sharan Burrow">Sharan Burrow</a> (2000–2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ged_Kearney" title="Ged Kearney">Ged Kearney</a> (2010–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michele_O%27Neil" title="Michele O'Neil">Michele O'Neil</a> (2018–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Australian_Labor_Party" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#F00011;color:#FFFFFF"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Australian_Labor_Party" title="Template:Australian Labor Party"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:#FFFFFF">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Australian_Labor_Party" title="Template talk:Australian Labor Party"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:#FFFFFF">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Australian_Labor_Party" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Australian Labor Party"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:#FFFFFF">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Australian_Labor_Party" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party" title="Australian Labor Party">Australian Labor Party</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#F00011;color:#FFFFFF;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Leaders_of_the_Australian_Labor_Party" title="Leaders of the Australian Labor Party">Leaders</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Watson" title="Chris Watson">Chris Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Fisher" title="Andrew Fisher">Andrew Fisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Hughes" title="Billy Hughes">Billy Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Tudor" title="Frank Tudor">Frank Tudor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Charlton" title="Matthew Charlton">Matthew Charlton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Scullin" title="James Scullin">James Scullin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Curtin" title="John Curtin">John Curtin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Chifley" title="Ben Chifley">Ben Chifley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._V._Evatt" title="H. V. Evatt">H. V. Evatt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Calwell" title="Arthur Calwell">Arthur Calwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gough_Whitlam" title="Gough Whitlam">Gough Whitlam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Hayden" title="Bill Hayden">Bill Hayden</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bob Hawke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Keating" title="Paul Keating">Paul Keating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Beazley" title="Kim Beazley">Kim Beazley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Crean" title="Simon Crean">Simon Crean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Latham" title="Mark Latham">Mark Latham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Beazley" title="Kim Beazley">Kim Beazley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Rudd" title="Kevin Rudd">Kevin Rudd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Gillard" title="Julia Gillard">Julia Gillard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Rudd" title="Kevin Rudd">Kevin Rudd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Shorten" title="Bill Shorten">Bill Shorten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Albanese" title="Anthony Albanese">Anthony Albanese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#F00011;color:#FFFFFF;width:1%">Deputy leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gregor_McGregor" title="Gregor McGregor">Gregor McGregor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Hughes" title="Billy Hughes">Billy Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Pearce" title="George Pearce">George Pearce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Gardiner" title="Albert Gardiner">Albert Gardiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Scullin" title="James Scullin">James Scullin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Blakeley" title="Arthur Blakeley">Arthur Blakeley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Theodore" title="Ted Theodore">Ted Theodore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Forde" title="Frank Forde">Frank Forde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._V._Evatt" title="H. V. Evatt">H. V. Evatt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Calwell" title="Arthur Calwell">Arthur Calwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gough_Whitlam" title="Gough Whitlam">Gough Whitlam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lance_Barnard" title="Lance Barnard">Lance Barnard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Cairns" title="Jim Cairns">Jim Cairns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Crean" title="Frank Crean">Frank Crean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Uren" title="Tom Uren">Tom Uren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lionel_Bowen" title="Lionel Bowen">Lionel Bowen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Keating" title="Paul Keating">Paul Keating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Howe_(politician)" title="Brian Howe (politician)">Brian Howe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Beazley" title="Kim Beazley">Kim Beazley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gareth_Evans_(politician)" title="Gareth Evans (politician)">Gareth Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Crean" title="Simon Crean">Simon Crean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jenny_Macklin" title="Jenny Macklin">Jenny Macklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Gillard" title="Julia Gillard">Julia Gillard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayne_Swan" title="Wayne Swan">Wayne Swan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Albanese" title="Anthony Albanese">Anthony Albanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanya_Plibersek" title="Tanya Plibersek">Tanya Plibersek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Marles" title="Richard Marles">Richard Marles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#F00011;color:#FFFFFF;width:1%">Governments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Watson_government" title="Watson government">Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisher_government_(1908%E2%80%931909)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fisher government (1908–1909)">Fisher I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisher_government_(1910%E2%80%931913)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fisher government (1910–1913)">II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisher_government_(1914%E2%80%931915)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fisher government (1914–1915)">III</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hughes_government_(1915%E2%80%931916)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hughes government (1915–1916) (page does not exist)">Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scullin_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Scullin government">Scullin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtin_government" title="Curtin government">Curtin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Forde_government&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Forde government (page does not exist)">Forde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chifley_government" title="Chifley government">Chifley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitlam_government" title="Whitlam government">Whitlam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawke_government" title="Hawke government">Hawke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keating_government" title="Keating government">Keating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudd_government_(2007%E2%80%932010)" title="Rudd government (2007–2010)">Rudd I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gillard_government" title="Gillard government">Gillard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudd_government_(2013)" title="Rudd government (2013)">Rudd II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanese_government" title="Albanese government">Albanese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#F00011;color:#FFFFFF;width:1%">Ministries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Watson_ministry" title="Watson ministry">Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Fisher_ministry" title="First Fisher ministry">Fisher 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Fisher_ministry" title="Second Fisher ministry">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Fisher_ministry" title="Third Fisher ministry">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Hughes_ministry" title="First Hughes ministry">Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scullin_ministry" title="Scullin ministry">Scullin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Curtin_ministry" title="First Curtin ministry">Curtin 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Curtin_ministry" title="Second Curtin ministry">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forde_ministry" title="Forde ministry">Forde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Chifley_ministry" title="First Chifley ministry">Chifley 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Chifley_ministry" title="Second Chifley ministry">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Whitlam_ministry" title="First Whitlam ministry">Whitlam 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Whitlam_ministry" title="Second Whitlam ministry">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Whitlam_ministry" title="Third Whitlam ministry">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Hawke_ministry" title="First Hawke ministry">Hawke 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Hawke_ministry" title="Second Hawke ministry">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Hawke_ministry" title="Third Hawke ministry">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Hawke_ministry" title="Fourth Hawke ministry">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Keating_ministry" title="First Keating ministry">Keating 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Keating_ministry" title="Second Keating ministry">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Rudd_ministry" title="First Rudd ministry">Rudd 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Gillard_ministry" title="First Gillard ministry">Gillard 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Gillard_ministry" title="Second Gillard ministry">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Rudd_ministry" title="Second Rudd ministry">Rudd 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanese_ministry" title="Albanese ministry">Albanese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#F00011;color:#FFFFFF;width:1%">Shadow cabinets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Ministry_of_Gough_Whitlam_(1967%E2%80%9372)" title="Shadow Ministry of Gough Whitlam (1967–72)">Whitlam (1967–72)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Ministry_of_Gough_Whitlam_(1975%E2%80%9377)" title="Shadow Ministry of Gough Whitlam (1975–77)">Whitlam (1975–77)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Ministry_of_Bill_Hayden" title="Shadow Ministry of Bill Hayden">Hayden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Ministry_of_Bob_Hawke" title="Shadow Ministry of Bob Hawke">Hawke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Ministry_of_Kim_Beazley_(1996%E2%80%932001)" title="Shadow Ministry of Kim Beazley (1996–2001)">Beazley (1996–2001)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Ministry_of_Simon_Crean" class="mw-redirect" title="Shadow Ministry of Simon Crean">Crean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Ministry_of_Mark_Latham" class="mw-redirect" title="Shadow Ministry of Mark Latham">Latham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Ministry_of_Kim_Beazley_(2005%E2%80%9306)" title="Shadow Ministry of Kim Beazley (2005–06)">Beazley (2005–06)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Ministry_of_Kevin_Rudd" title="Shadow Ministry of Kevin Rudd">Rudd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Ministry_of_Bill_Shorten" class="mw-redirect" title="Shadow Ministry of Bill Shorten">Shorten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Ministry_of_Anthony_Albanese" class="mw-redirect" title="Shadow Ministry of Anthony Albanese">Albanese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#F00011;color:#FFFFFF;width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=State_branches&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="State branches (page does not exist)">State branches</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ACT_Labor_Party" title="ACT Labor Party">Australian Capital Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_South_Wales_Labor_Party" title="New South Wales Labor Party">New South Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territory_Labor_Party" title="Territory Labor Party">Northern Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queensland_Labor_Party" title="Queensland Labor Party">Queensland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Australian_Labor_Party" title="South Australian Labor Party">South Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tasmanian_Labor_Party" title="Tasmanian Labor Party">Tasmania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victorian_Labor_Party" title="Victorian Labor Party">Victoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Australian_Labor_Party" title="Western Australian Labor Party">Western Australia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#F00011;color:#FFFFFF;width:1%">Party institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party_National_Conference" title="Australian Labor Party National Conference">National Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party_National_Executive" title="Australian Labor Party National Executive">National Executive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Young_Labor" title="Australian Young Labor">Australian Young Labor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Fabian_Society" title="Australian Fabian Society">Australian Fabian Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chifley_Research_Centre" title="Chifley Research Centre">Chifley Research Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party_Caucus" title="Australian Labor Party Caucus">Federal Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Curtin_House" title="John Curtin House">John Curtin House</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#F00011;color:#FFFFFF;width:1%">Factions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#F00011;color:#FFFFFF;width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Labor_Right" title="Labor Right">Labor Right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labor_Left" title="Labor Left">Labor Left</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Labor_(Australia)" title="Independent Labor (Australia)">Independent Labor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#F00011;color:#FFFFFF;width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ferguson_Left" title="Ferguson Left">Ferguson Left</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lang_Labor" title="Lang Labor">Lang Labor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#F00011;color:#FFFFFF;width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Australian_Labor_Party" title="History of the Australian Labor Party">History of the Australian Labor Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party_split_of_1916" title="Australian Labor Party split of 1916">1916 split</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party_split_of_1931" title="Australian Labor Party split of 1931">1931 split</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party_split_of_1955" title="Australian Labor Party split of 1955">1955 split</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1975_Australian_constitutional_crisis" title="1975 Australian constitutional crisis">1975 Australian constitutional crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faceless_men" title="Faceless men">Faceless men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Labor_Party_(NSW)" title="Federal Labor Party (NSW)">Federal Labor (NSW)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gang_of_Four_(Australian_Labor_Party)" title="Gang of Four (Australian Labor Party)">Gang of Four</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_Groups" title="Industrial Groups">Industrial Groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk_Island_Labor_Party" title="Norfolk Island Labor Party">Norfolk Island Labor Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_light_on_the_hill" title="The light on the hill">The light on the hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tree_of_Knowledge_(Australia)" title="Tree of Knowledge (Australia)">Tree of Knowledge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#F00011;color:#FFFFFF;width:1%">Leadership votes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1901_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1901 Australian Labor Party leadership election (page does not exist)">1901</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1907_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_election" title="1907 Australian Labor Party leadership election">1907</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1913_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_spill" title="1913 Australian Labor Party leadership spill">1913</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1915_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1915 Australian Labor Party leadership election (page does not exist)">1915</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1916_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1916 Australian Labor Party leadership election (page does not exist)">1916</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1920_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_spill&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1920 Australian Labor Party leadership spill (page does not exist)">1920</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1922_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_election" title="1922 Australian Labor Party leadership election">1922</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1928_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_election" title="1928 Australian Labor Party leadership election">1928</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1931_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_spill" title="1931 Australian Labor Party leadership spill">1931</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1935_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_election" title="1935 Australian Labor Party leadership election">1935</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1945_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_election" title="1945 Australian Labor Party leadership election">1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1951_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_election" title="1951 Australian Labor Party leadership election">1951</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1954_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_spill" title="1954 Australian Labor Party leadership spill">1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_spill" title="1956 Australian Labor Party leadership spill">1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1959_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_spill" title="1959 Australian Labor Party leadership spill">1959</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1960_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_election" title="1960 Australian Labor Party leadership election">1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_spill" title="1966 Australian Labor Party leadership spill">1966</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1967_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_election" title="1967 Australian Labor Party leadership election">1967</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_spill" title="1968 Australian Labor Party leadership spill">1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_spill" title="1976 Australian Labor Party leadership spill">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_1977_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_spill" title="May 1977 Australian Labor Party leadership spill">1977 (May)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_1977_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_election" title="December 1977 Australian Labor Party leadership election">1977 (Dec)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_spill" title="1982 Australian Labor Party leadership spill">1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_spill" title="1983 Australian Labor Party leadership spill">1983</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_1991_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_spill" title="June 1991 Australian Labor Party leadership spill">1991 (Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_1991_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_spill" title="December 1991 Australian Labor Party leadership spill">1991 (Dec)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_election" title="1996 Australian Labor Party leadership election">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_election" title="2001 Australian Labor Party leadership election">2001</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_spills" title="2003 Australian Labor Party leadership spills">2003 (Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_spills" title="2003 Australian Labor Party leadership spills">2003 (Dec)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_spill" title="2005 Australian Labor Party leadership spill">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_spill" title="2006 Australian Labor Party leadership spill">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_spill" title="2010 Australian Labor Party leadership spill">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_spill" title="2012 Australian Labor Party leadership spill">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_2013_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_spill" title="March 2013 Australian Labor Party leadership spill">2013 (Mar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_2013_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_spill" title="June 2013 Australian Labor Party leadership spill">2013 (Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_2013_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_election" title="October 2013 Australian Labor Party leadership election">2013 (Oct)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Australian_Labor_Party_leadership_election" title="2019 Australian Labor Party leadership election">2019</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269372#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269372#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269372#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000114800365">ISNI</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/110790256">VIAF</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1717390/">FAST</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJqQtR8bCv7hrwcjJfGj4q">WorldCat</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/101479384X">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81019695">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12308871m">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12308871m">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00620801">Japan</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35995459">Australia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p147891809">Netherlands</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007262577605171">Israel</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/439f9851-c380-4383-999d-edcdb271b143">MusicBrainz</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/595990">Trove</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://handbook.aph.gov.au/Parliamentarian/YD4">Australian Parliament</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/031970281">IdRef</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w68c9vmx">SNAC</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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