CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="ko" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>벌통 - 위키백과, 우리 모두의 백과사전</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )kowikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"ko", "wgMonthNames":["","1월","2월","3월","4월","5월","6월","7월","8월","9월","10월","11월","12월"],"wgRequestId":"1074ff59-29e7-4625-a475-bed7a371a41a","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"벌통","wgTitle":"벌통","wgCurRevisionId":37920986,"wgRevisionId":37920986,"wgArticleId":154741,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["해결되지 않은 속성이 있는 문서","위키데이터 속성 P18을 사용하는 문서","위키데이터 속성 P373을 사용하는 문서","위키데이터 속성 P691을 사용하는 문서","위키데이터 속성 P7859를 사용하는 문서","문화어 표기를 포함한 문서","영어 표기를 포함한 문서","출처가 필요한 글/2017년 8월","한국어 위키백과의 링크가 위키데이터와 다른 위키공용분류","NKC 식별자를 포함한 위키백과 문서","벌통","양봉", "동물 전용 건축물","동물행동학","곤충학","우크라이나의 발명품"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"ko","wgPageContentLanguage":"ko","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"벌통","wgRelevantArticleId":154741,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"ko","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"ko"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q165107", "wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.SectionFont":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js", "ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.directcommons","ext.gadget.edittools","ext.gadget.refToolbar","ext.gadget.siteNotice","ext.gadget.scrollUpButton","ext.gadget.strikethroughTOC","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.gadget.Calculator","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ko&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=ko&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ko&modules=ext.gadget.SectionFont&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ko&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.18"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Beehives_in_Mankato%2C_Minnesota.jpg/1200px-Beehives_in_Mankato%2C_Minnesota.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="800"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Beehives_in_Mankato%2C_Minnesota.jpg/800px-Beehives_in_Mankato%2C_Minnesota.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="533"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Beehives_in_Mankato%2C_Minnesota.jpg/640px-Beehives_in_Mankato%2C_Minnesota.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="427"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="벌통 - 위키백과, 우리 모두의 백과사전"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//ko.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="편집" href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="위키백과 (ko)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//ko.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ko"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="위키백과 아톰 피드" href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%B5%9C%EA%B7%BC%EB%B0%94%EB%80%9C&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-벌통 rootpage-벌통 skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">본문으로 이동</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="사이트"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="주 메뉴" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="주 메뉴" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">주 메뉴</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">주 메뉴</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">사이드바로 이동</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">숨기기</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 둘러보기 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EB%8C%80%EB%AC%B8" title="대문으로 가기 [z]" accesskey="z"><span>대문</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%B5%9C%EA%B7%BC%EB%B0%94%EB%80%9C" title="위키의 최근 바뀐 목록 [r]" accesskey="r"><span>최근 바뀜</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8F%AC%ED%84%B8:%EC%9A%94%EC%A6%98_%ED%99%94%EC%A0%9C" title="최근의 소식 알아 보기"><span>요즘 화제</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%9E%84%EC%9D%98%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C" title="무작위로 선택된 문서 불러오기 [x]" accesskey="x"><span>임의의 문서로</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C"><span>특수 문서 목록</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-사용자_모임" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-사용자_모임" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 사용자 모임 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-projectchat" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EC%82%AC%EB%9E%91%EB%B0%A9"><span>사랑방</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%EC%9E%90_%EB%AA%A8%EC%9E%84" title="위키백과 참여자를 위한 토론/대화 공간입니다."><span>사용자 모임</span></a></li><li id="n-request" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EC%9A%94%EC%B2%AD"><span>관리 요청</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-편집_안내" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-편집_안내" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 편집 안내 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-helpintro" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EC%9B%80%EB%A7%90:%EC%86%8C%EA%B0%9C"><span>소개</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EB%8F%84%EC%9B%80%EB%A7%90" title="도움말"><span>도움말</span></a></li><li id="n-policy" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EC%A0%95%EC%B1%85%EA%B3%BC_%EC%A7%80%EC%B9%A8"><span>정책과 지침</span></a></li><li id="n-qna" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EC%A7%88%EB%AC%B8%EB%B0%A9"><span>질문방</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EB%8C%80%EB%AC%B8" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="위키백과" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ko.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.75em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ko.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EA%B2%80%EC%83%89" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="위키백과 검색 [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>검색</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="위키백과 검색" aria-label="위키백과 검색" autocapitalize="sentences" title="위키백과 검색 [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="특수:검색"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">검색</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="개인 도구"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="보이기"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="문서의 글꼴 크기, 폭, 색의 모습을 변경합니다" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="보이기" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">보이기</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=ko.wikipedia.org&uselang=ko" class=""><span>기부</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EA%B3%84%EC%A0%95%EB%A7%8C%EB%93%A4%EA%B8%B0&returnto=%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5" title="계정을 만들고 로그인하는 것이 좋습니다. 하지만 필수는 아닙니다" class=""><span>계정 만들기</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EC%9D%B8&returnto=%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5" title="위키백과에 로그인하면 여러가지 편리한 기능을 사용할 수 있습니다. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>로그인</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="더 많은 옵션" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="개인 도구" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">개인 도구</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="사용자 메뉴" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=ko.wikipedia.org&uselang=ko"><span>기부</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EA%B3%84%EC%A0%95%EB%A7%8C%EB%93%A4%EA%B8%B0&returnto=%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5" title="계정을 만들고 로그인하는 것이 좋습니다. 하지만 필수는 아닙니다"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>계정 만들기</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EC%9D%B8&returnto=%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5" title="위키백과에 로그인하면 여러가지 편리한 기능을 사용할 수 있습니다. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>로그인</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 로그아웃한 편집자를 위한 문서 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EC%9B%80%EB%A7%90:%EC%86%8C%EA%B0%9C" aria-label="편집에 관해 더 알아보기"><span>더 알아보기</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%82%B4%EA%B8%B0%EC%97%AC" title="이 IP 주소의 편집 목록 [y]" accesskey="y"><span>기여</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%82%B4%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%EC%9E%90%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0" title="현재 사용하는 IP 주소에 대한 토론 문서 [n]" accesskey="n"><span>토론</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="사이트"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="목차" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">목차</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">사이드바로 이동</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">숨기기</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">처음 위치</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-고대의_벌통" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#고대의_벌통"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>고대의 벌통</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-고대의_벌통-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-전통의_벌통" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#전통의_벌통"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>전통의 벌통</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-전통의_벌통-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>전통의 벌통 하위섹션 토글하기</span> </button> <ul id="toc-전통의_벌통-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-진흙_벌통_/_진흙_타일_벌통" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#진흙_벌통_/_진흙_타일_벌통"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>진흙 벌통 / 진흙 타일 벌통</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-진흙_벌통_/_진흙_타일_벌통-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-짚_벌통" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#짚_벌통"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>짚 벌통</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-짚_벌통-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-나무_구멍_벌통" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#나무_구멍_벌통"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>나무 구멍 벌통</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-나무_구멍_벌통-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-같이_보기" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#같이_보기"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>같이 보기</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-같이_보기-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-각주" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#각주"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>각주</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-각주-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="목차" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="목차" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="목차 토글" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">목차 토글</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">벌통</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="다른 언어로 문서를 방문합니다. 75개 언어로 읽을 수 있습니다" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-75" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">75개 언어</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arna" title="Arna – 아라곤어" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Arna" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="아라곤어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%86%D8%AD%D9%84" title="خلية نحل – 아랍어" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="خلية نحل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="아랍어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C9%99t%C9%99k" title="Pətək – 아제르바이잔어" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Pətək" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="아제르바이잔어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aulis" title="Aulis – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Aulis" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Пчелен кошер – 불가리아어" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Пчелен кошер" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="불가리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusc" title="Rusc – 카탈로니아어" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Rusc" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="카탈로니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C4%8Del%C3%AD_%C3%BAl" title="Včelí úl – 체코어" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Včelí úl" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="체코어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%C4%95%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Вĕлле – 추바시어" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Вĕлле" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="추바시어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cwch_gwenyn" title="Cwch gwenyn – 웨일스어" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cwch gwenyn" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="웨일스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bistade" title="Bistade – 덴마크어" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Bistade" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="덴마크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bienenstock" title="Bienenstock – 독일어" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Bienenstock" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="독일어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CF%85%CF%88%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B7" title="Κυψέλη – 그리스어" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κυψέλη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="그리스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beehive" title="Beehive – 영어" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Beehive" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="영어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abelujo" title="Abelujo – 에스페란토어" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Abelujo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="에스페란토어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colmena" title="Colmena – 스페인어" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Colmena" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="스페인어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taru" title="Taru – 에스토니아어" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Taru" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="에스토니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erlauntz" title="Erlauntz – 바스크어" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Erlauntz" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="바스크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88_(%D8%B9%D8%B3%D9%84)" title="کندو (عسل) – 페르시아어" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کندو (عسل)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="페르시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehil%C3%A4ispes%C3%A4" title="Mehiläispesä – 핀란드어" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mehiläispesä" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="핀란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruche" title="Ruche – 프랑스어" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ruche" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="프랑스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coirceog" title="Coirceog – 아일랜드어" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Coirceog" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="아일랜드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beach-lann" title="Beach-lann – 스코틀랜드 게일어" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Beach-lann" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="스코틀랜드 게일어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colmea" title="Colmea – 갈리시아어" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Colmea" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="갈리시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%AA" title="כוורת – 히브리어" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כוורת" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="히브리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%9B%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="मधुमक्खी का छत्ता – 힌디어" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मधुमक्खी का छत्ता" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="힌디어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ko%C5%A1nica" title="Košnica – 크로아티아어" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Košnica" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="크로아티아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9hlak%C3%A1s" title="Méhlakás – 헝가리어" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Méhlakás" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="헝가리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarang_lebah" title="Sarang lebah – 인도네시아어" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sarang lebah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="인도네시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BDflugnab%C3%BA" title="Býflugnabú – 아이슬란드어" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Býflugnabú" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="아이슬란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnia" title="Arnia – 이탈리아어" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Arnia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="이탈리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A4%8A%E8%9C%82%E7%AE%B1" title="養蜂箱 – 일본어" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="養蜂箱" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="일본어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="სკა – 조지아어" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="조지아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%C9%A3rast" title="Taɣrast – 커바일어" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Taɣrast" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="커바일어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sangkar_ropa" title="Sangkar ropa – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Sangkar ropa" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0_%D2%B1%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Ара ұясы – 카자흐어" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ара ұясы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="카자흐어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%86" title="ಜೇನುಪೆಟ್ಟಿಗೆ – 칸나다어" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಜೇನುಪೆಟ್ಟಿಗೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="칸나다어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Бал челек – 키르기스어" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Бал челек" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="키르기스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alvearium" title="Alvearium – 라틴어" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Alvearium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="라틴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buggiu" title="Buggiu – 리구리아어" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Buggiu" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="리구리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avilys" title="Avilys – 리투아니아어" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Avilys" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="리투아니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strops" title="Strops – 라트비아어" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Strops" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="라트비아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Улиште – 마케도니아어" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Улиште" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="마케도니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B3%E0%A5%87" title="मधमाश्यांचे पोळे – 마라티어" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मधमाश्यांचे पोळे" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="마라티어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%93%D1%80%D3%93%D1%88" title="Кӓрӓш – 서부 마리어" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Кӓрӓш" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="서부 마리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumah_lebah" title="Rumah lebah – 말레이어" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Rumah lebah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="말레이어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breek%C3%B6rf" title="Breekörf – 저지 색슨어" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Breekörf" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="저지 색슨어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%B0" title="मौरी घर – 네팔어" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="मौरी घर" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="네팔어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bijenkorf_(voorwerp)" title="Bijenkorf (voorwerp) – 네덜란드어" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Bijenkorf (voorwerp)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="네덜란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bikube" title="Bikube – 노르웨이어(니노르스크)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Bikube" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="노르웨이어(니노르스크)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bikube" title="Bikube – 노르웨이어(보크말)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Bikube" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="노르웨이어(보크말)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bornat" title="Bornat – 오크어" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Bornat" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="오크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ul" title="Ul – 폴란드어" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ul" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="폴란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%89%DB%8D" title="گانډۍ – 파슈토어" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="گانډۍ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="파슈토어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colmeia" title="Colmeia – 포르투갈어" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Colmeia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="포르투갈어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stup" title="Stup – 루마니아어" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Stup" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="루마니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Улей – 러시아어" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Улей" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="러시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapar%C3%ACa" title="Laparìa – 시칠리아어" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Laparìa" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="시칠리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%8A_%D8%AC%D9%88_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88" title="ماکي جو مانارو – 신디어" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ماکي جو مانارو" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="신디어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beehive" title="Beehive – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Beehive" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panj" title="Panj – 슬로베니아어" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Panj" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="슬로베니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mukoko" title="Mukoko – 쇼나어" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Mukoko" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="쇼나어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosherja_e_blet%C3%ABve" title="Kosherja e bletëve – 알바니아어" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kosherja e bletëve" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="알바니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Кошница – 세르비아어" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Кошница" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="세르비아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bikupa" title="Bikupa – 스웨덴어" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Bikupa" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="스웨덴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mzinga_wa_nyuki" title="Mzinga wa nyuki – 스와힐리어" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mzinga wa nyuki" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="스와힐리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83" title="Канду – 타지크어" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Канду" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="타지크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ar%C4%B1_kovan%C4%B1" title="Arı kovanı – 튀르키예어" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Arı kovanı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="튀르키예어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Вулик – 우크라이나어" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вулик" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="우크라이나어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asalari_qutisi" title="Asalari qutisi – 우즈베크어" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Asalari qutisi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="우즈베크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bo%E1%BA%91" title="Boẑ – 베네치아어" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Boẑ" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="베네치아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%E1%BB%95_ong" title="Tổ ong – 베트남어" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tổ ong" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="베트남어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tchetoere" title="Tchetoere – 왈론어" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Tchetoere" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="왈론어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%9C%82%E5%B7%A2" title="蜂巢 – 우어" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="蜂巢" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="우어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%9C%82%E5%B7%A2" title="蜂巢 – 중국어" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="蜂巢" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="중국어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%9C%82%E6%88%BF" title="蜂房 – 광둥어" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="蜂房" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="광둥어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q165107#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="언어 간 링크 편집" class="wbc-editpage">링크 편집</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="이름공간"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5" title="본문 보기 [c]" accesskey="c"><span>문서</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0:%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5" rel="discussion" title="문서의 내용에 대한 토론 문서 [t]" accesskey="t"><span>토론</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="언어 변종 바꾸기" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">한국어</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="보기"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5"><span>읽기</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5&action=edit" title="이 문서의 원본 코드를 편집 [e]" accesskey="e"><span>편집</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5&action=history" title="이 문서의 과거 편집 내역입니다. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>역사 보기</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="페이지 도구"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="도구" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">도구</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">도구</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">사이드바로 이동</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">숨기기</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="더 많은 옵션" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 동작 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5"><span>읽기</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5&action=edit" title="이 문서의 원본 코드를 편집 [e]" accesskey="e"><span>편집</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5&action=history"><span>역사 보기</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 일반 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EA%B0%80%EB%A6%AC%ED%82%A4%EB%8A%94%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C/%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5" title="여기를 가리키는 모든 위키 문서의 목록 [j]" accesskey="j"><span>여기를 가리키는 문서</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%A7%81%ED%81%AC%EC%B5%9C%EA%B7%BC%EB%B0%94%EB%80%9C/%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5" rel="nofollow" title="이 문서에서 링크한 문서의 최근 바뀜 [k]" accesskey="k"><span>가리키는 글의 최근 바뀜</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/위키백과:파일_올리기" title="파일 올리기 [u]" accesskey="u"><span>파일 올리기</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5&oldid=37920986" title="이 문서의 이 판에 대한 고유 링크"><span>고유 링크</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5&action=info" title="이 문서에 대한 자세한 정보"><span>문서 정보</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%9D%B4%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C%EC%9D%B8%EC%9A%A9&page=%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5&id=37920986&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="이 문서를 인용하는 방법에 대한 정보"><span>이 문서 인용하기</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fko.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25EB%25B2%258C%25ED%2586%25B5"><span>축약된 URL 얻기</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fko.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25EB%25B2%258C%25ED%2586%25B5"><span>QR 코드 다운로드</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 인쇄/내보내기 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%B1%85&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5"><span>책 만들기</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:DownloadAsPdf&page=%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF로 다운로드</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5&printable=yes" title="이 문서의 인쇄용 판 [p]" accesskey="p"><span>인쇄용 판</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 다른 프로젝트 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Beehives" hreflang="en"><span>위키미디어 공용</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q165107" title="데이터 저장소에 연결된 항목을 가리키는 링크 [g]" accesskey="g"><span>위키데이터 항목</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="페이지 도구"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="보이기"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">보이기</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">사이드바로 이동</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">숨기기</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">위키백과, 우리 모두의 백과사전.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ko" dir="ltr"><p><span class="nowrap"></span> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Beehives_in_Mankato,_Minnesota.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Beehives_in_Mankato%2C_Minnesota.jpg/220px-Beehives_in_Mankato%2C_Minnesota.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Beehives_in_Mankato%2C_Minnesota.jpg/330px-Beehives_in_Mankato%2C_Minnesota.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Beehives_in_Mankato%2C_Minnesota.jpg/440px-Beehives_in_Mankato%2C_Minnesota.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>벌통</figcaption></figure> <p><b>벌통</b>(<span style="font-size: smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%EB%AC%B8%ED%99%94%EC%96%B4" title="문화어">문화어</a>:</span> 벌둥지 <span style="font-size: smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%96%B4" title="영어">영어</a>: </span><span lang="en">beehive</span> <small>비하이브<sup>[<a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EC%98%81%EC%96%B4%EC%9D%98_%ED%95%9C%EA%B8%80_%ED%91%9C%EA%B8%B0" title="위키백과:영어의 한글 표기">*</a>]</sup></small>)은 여러 종류의 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%8C" class="mw-disambig" title="벌">벌</a>이 살고 새끼를 기르는 둘러 싸인 구조체이다. 천연 벌통은 일부 꿀벌 종에서 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%8C%EC%A7%91" title="벌집">벌집</a>을 둘러싸는 구조체이다. 반면 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%80%EC%B6%95%ED%99%94" class="mw-redirect" title="가축화">가축으로 길들여진</a> 꿀벌은 <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%96%91%EB%B4%89%EC%9E%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="양봉장 (없는 문서)">양봉장</a>과 같은 곳에 있는 인공 벌통 속에서 키워지며 그 속에 벌집을 짓고 산다. 벌이 사는 곳을 통틀어 벌통이라 부르는 경우가 많으나, <a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%BC%ED%95%99%EA%B3%84" class="mw-redirect" title="과학계">과학계</a>나 전문 문헌, <a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%B4%EA%B3%A0%EC%84%9C" title="보고서">보고서</a>에서는 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%8C%EC%A7%91" title="벌집">벌집</a>과는 구분되는 용어이다. 벌집은 <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%BC%EC%83%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="야생">야생</a>의 벌 무리가 협동하여 그들 스스로 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EC%97%B0" title="자연">자연</a>의 구멍이나 인공 구조물의 빈 공간에 매달리거나 드러나 있는 형태로 지은 구조물을 말하고, 벌통은 자연이나 인간에 의해 만들어진, 벌집이 들어 있는 구조물을 말한다. <a href="/wiki/%EA%BF%80%EB%B2%8C%EC%86%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="꿀벌속">꿀벌속</a>에 속하는 여러 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A2%85_(%EC%83%9D%EB%AC%BC%ED%95%99)" title="종 (생물학)">종</a>이 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%B0%EC%A7%91" class="mw-redirect" title="군집">군집</a> 생활을 하지만, <a href="/wiki/%EC%96%91%EB%B4%89%EA%BF%80%EB%B2%8C" title="양봉꿀벌">양봉꿀벌</a>과 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%AC%EB%9E%98%EA%BF%80%EB%B2%8C" title="재래꿀벌">재래꿀벌</a>만이 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B8%EA%B0%84" class="mw-redirect" title="인간">인간</a>에 의해 벌통에서 키워지고 있다. 벌통은 여러 용도가 있는데, 벌꿀 생산, 벌통 인근의 <a href="/wiki/%EB%86%8D%EC%9E%91%EB%AC%BC" title="농작물">농작물</a>의 <a href="/wiki/%EA%BD%83%EA%B0%80%EB%A3%A8%EB%B0%9B%EC%9D%B4" title="꽃가루받이">수분</a>을 돕거나, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B4%89%EC%B9%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="봉침 (없는 문서)">봉침</a> 치료용 벌을 사육하는 용도 등이 있으며, 벌들의 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%B0%EC%A7%91_%EB%B6%95%EA%B4%B4_%ED%98%84%EC%83%81" title="군집 붕괴 현상">군집 붕괴 현상</a>을 줄이는 효과도 있다. <a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD" title="미국">미국</a>에서는 다른 지역 농작물들의 <a href="/wiki/%EA%BD%83%EA%B0%80%EB%A3%A8%EB%B0%9B%EC%9D%B4" title="꽃가루받이">수분</a>을 위해 벌통을 이동시키는 경우가 있다. 한때 벌통 <a href="/wiki/%EB%94%94%EC%9E%90%EC%9D%B8" title="디자인">디자인</a>의 <a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%ED%97%88%EA%B6%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="특허권">특허권</a>을 놓고 많은 분쟁이 있었다. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="고대의_벌통"><span id=".EA.B3.A0.EB.8C.80.EC.9D.98_.EB.B2.8C.ED.86.B5"></span>고대의 벌통</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5&action=edit&section=1" title="부분 편집: 고대의 벌통"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>벌을 인공 벌통에서 키운 것은 고대 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%A7%91%ED%8A%B8" title="이집트">이집트</a> 때부터이다.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%A7%91%ED%8A%B8_%EC%A0%9C5%EC%99%95%EC%A1%B0" title="이집트 제5왕조">이집트 제5왕조</a> <a href="/wiki/%EB%8B%88%EC%9A%B0%EC%84%B8%EB%A5%B4%EB%A0%88" title="니우세르레">니우세르레</a>의 <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9D%B4%EC%A7%91%ED%8A%B8_%ED%83%9C%EC%96%91_%EC%8B%A0%EC%A0%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="이집트 태양 신전 (없는 문서)">이집트 태양 신전</a> 벽면에는 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EC%9B%90%EC%A0%84_2422%EB%85%84" class="mw-redirect" title="기원전 2422년">기원전 2422년</a> 이전 기록으로, 일꾼들이 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%8C%EC%A7%91" title="벌집">벌집</a>을 제거하기 위해 벌집 내부에 연기를 불어넣는 모습이 묘사되어 있다.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%A7%91%ED%8A%B8_%EC%A0%9C26%EC%99%95%EC%A1%B0" title="이집트 제26왕조">이집트 제26왕조</a> Pabasa의 무덤에는 벌꿀 생산과 관련된 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AC%98%EB%B9%84" title="묘비">비문</a> 세부 장식으로 <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%AD%EC%95%84%EB%A6%AC" title="항아리">항아리</a>에 <a href="/wiki/%EA%BF%80" class="mw-redirect" title="꿀">꿀</a>을 저장하는 모습과, <a href="/wiki/%EC%9B%90%ED%86%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="원통">원통</a> 모양의 벌통 모습이 묘사되어 있다.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>고고학자 Amihai Mazar는 약 4000년 전 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%A4%EB%9D%BC%EC%97%98" title="이스라엘">이스라엘</a>에 진보된 양봉 산업이 존재했다는 근거로 Rehov(기원전 900년 경, 인구 약 2000명의 도시였던 고대 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%A4%EB%9D%BC%EC%97%98" title="이스라엘">이스라엘</a>과 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%80%EB%82%98%EC%95%88" title="가나안">가나안</a> 지역)유적에서 발견된 벌통을 제시한다. 벌통은 30여 개가 발견되었는데 본래 100여 개 정도가 있었던 것으로 추정된다. <a href="/wiki/%EC%9B%90%ED%86%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="원통">원통</a> 모양의 이 벌통들은 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%90%ED%86%A0" title="점토">점토</a>와 마른 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%80%ED%91%B8%EB%9D%BC%EA%B8%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="지푸라기">지푸라기</a>로 만들어졌으며, 3단 구조에 높이는 약 80cm, 넓이는 약 40cm이다.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Haifa 대학교의 Ezra Marcus는 근동 지역의 문자와 고대 미술에서 고대의 양봉으로 보이는 기록이 발견된다고 말한다. 제단에 장식된 풍요의 여신상과 함께 발견된 벌통은 <a href="/wiki/%EC%96%91%EB%B4%89" title="양봉">양봉</a>이 종교적 풍습이나 관습과 연관이 있었음을 나타낸다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="전통의_벌통"><span id=".EC.A0.84.ED.86.B5.EC.9D.98_.EB.B2.8C.ED.86.B5"></span>전통의 벌통</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5&action=edit&section=2" title="부분 편집: 전통의 벌통"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Beehouses.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Beehouses.JPG/220px-Beehouses.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Beehouses.JPG/330px-Beehouses.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Beehouses.JPG/440px-Beehouses.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5760" data-file-height="3840" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%B0%ED%81%AC%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EB%82%98" title="우크라이나">우크라이나</a> Radomysl 성<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>의 벌통, <a href="/wiki/19%EC%84%B8%EA%B8%B0" title="19세기">19세기</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Stanis%C5%82aw_Mas%C5%82owski_(1853-1926)_Beehives,_watercolour,_1924.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Stanis%C5%82aw_Mas%C5%82owski_%281853-1926%29_Beehives%2C_watercolour%2C_1924.jpeg/240px-Stanis%C5%82aw_Mas%C5%82owski_%281853-1926%29_Beehives%2C_watercolour%2C_1924.jpeg" decoding="async" width="240" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Stanis%C5%82aw_Mas%C5%82owski_%281853-1926%29_Beehives%2C_watercolour%2C_1924.jpeg/360px-Stanis%C5%82aw_Mas%C5%82owski_%281853-1926%29_Beehives%2C_watercolour%2C_1924.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Stanis%C5%82aw_Mas%C5%82owski_%281853-1926%29_Beehives%2C_watercolour%2C_1924.jpeg/480px-Stanis%C5%82aw_Mas%C5%82owski_%281853-1926%29_Beehives%2C_watercolour%2C_1924.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="3661" data-file-height="2428" /></a><figcaption><i><벌통들></i> - Wola Rafałowska 마을에서 그린 Stanisław Masłowski의 <a href="/wiki/%EC%88%98%EC%B1%84%ED%99%94" title="수채화">수채화</a> 작품, <a href="/wiki/1924%EB%85%84" title="1924년">1924년</a>, <a href="/wiki/%ED%8F%B4%EB%9E%80%EB%93%9C" title="폴란드">폴란드</a> Silesian 박물관 소장</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%ED%86%B5" title="전통">전통</a>의 벌통은 단순히 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%8C" class="mw-disambig" title="벌">벌</a> 군집을 둘러싸기 위한 용도였다. 벌통 내부에 벌들을 위한 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AC%EC%A1%B0%EB%AC%BC" title="구조물">구조물</a>이 없었기 때문에, 벌들은 벌통 안에 자신들 고유의 벌집을 만들었다. 그러한 벌집들이 서로 교차되어 달라붙는 경우가 많아 이를 이동시키려면 벌집을 파괴할 수밖에 없었다. 이는 "고정식 틀" 벌통으로 불리며, 현대의 "이동식 틀" 벌통과 구분된다. 벌들이 <a href="/wiki/%EA%BF%80" class="mw-redirect" title="꿀">꿀</a>을 가득 채웠을 때를 대비해 벌통 꼭대기의 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%94%EA%B5%AC%EB%8B%88" title="바구니">바구니</a>를 제거할 수 있도록 만든 벌통도 있었지만, 대체로 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%8C%EA%BF%80" title="벌꿀">벌꿀</a>을 채취하려면 벌통을 파괴해야 했다. 이러한 벌통들은 가지각색의 크기, 틀이 있거나 없는 등의 박스형 벌통으로 점차 변화되었고, 마침내는 새로운 현대 장비로 대체되게 된다. 전통적인 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%8C%EA%BF%80" title="벌꿀">벌꿀</a> 채취 방식은 대체로 벌통을 누르고 으깨어 압착하는 것이었다. 이러한 <a href="/wiki/%EC%88%98%ED%99%95" title="수확">수확</a> 방식으로 인해 전통의 벌통은 대체로 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%80%EB%9E%8D" title="밀랍">밀랍</a>은 많이 얻었지만, 꿀은 <a href="/wiki/%ED%98%84%EB%8C%80%EC%82%AC" title="현대사">현대</a>의 벌통에 비해 훨씬 적은 양이 채취되었다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="진흙_벌통_/_진흙_타일_벌통"><span id=".EC.A7.84.ED.9D.99_.EB.B2.8C.ED.86.B5_.2F_.EC.A7.84.ED.9D.99_.ED.83.80.EC.9D.BC_.EB.B2.8C.ED.86.B5"></span>진흙 벌통 / 진흙 타일 벌통</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5&action=edit&section=3" title="부분 편집: 진흙 벌통 / 진흙 타일 벌통"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Beekeeping_in_Malta.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Beekeeping_in_Malta.JPG/220px-Beekeeping_in_Malta.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Beekeeping_in_Malta.JPG/330px-Beekeeping_in_Malta.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Beekeeping_in_Malta.JPG/440px-Beekeeping_in_Malta.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1728" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%B0%ED%83%80" title="몰타">몰타</a>의 구운 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%84%ED%9D%99" title="진흙">진흙</a> <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%AD%EC%95%84%EB%A6%AC" title="항아리">항아리</a>와 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%8C" class="mw-disambig" title="벌">벌</a> <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%B0%EC%A7%91" class="mw-redirect" title="군집">군집</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%84%ED%9D%99" title="진흙">진흙</a> 벌통은 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%A7%91%ED%8A%B8" title="이집트">이집트</a>에서 여전히 사용되고 있다. 진흙 벌통은 긴 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9B%90%ED%86%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="원통">원통</a>형으로, 진흙과 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%9A" title="짚">짚</a>과 <a href="/wiki/%EB%98%A5" title="똥">똥</a>을 혼합하여 만들어진다.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 진흙 <a href="/wiki/%ED%83%80%EC%9D%BC" title="타일">타일</a> 벌통은 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%80%EC%A4%91%ED%95%B4" title="지중해">지중해</a> 동부 지방의 가정에서 관습적으로 사용하던 양봉법이다. 진흙 타일 벌통은 긴 원통형의 구운 진흙으로 만들어졌으며, <a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%A0%EB%8C%80_%EC%9D%B4%EC%A7%91%ED%8A%B8" title="고대 이집트">고대 이집트</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%EB%8F%99" title="중동">중동</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EA%B7%B8%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4" title="그리스">그리스</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%ED%83%88%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84" title="이탈리아">이탈리아</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%B0%ED%83%80" title="몰타">몰타</a> 지역에서 사용하였다. 하나씩 사용하는 경우도 있었지만, 대체로 맨 위층이 없는 벌통에 차양을 설치한 후 나란히 쌓아놓고 사용했다. <a href="/wiki/%EC%96%91%EB%B4%89%EA%B0%80" title="양봉가">양봉가</a>들은 꿀을 채취할 때 한쪽 끝에서 다른 쪽 끝으로 벌들을 몰기 위해 <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B0%EA%B8%B0" class="mw-disambig" title="연기">연기</a>를 피웠다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="짚_벌통"><span id=".EC.A7.9A_.EB.B2.8C.ED.86.B5"></span>짚 벌통</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5&action=edit&section=4" title="부분 편집: 짚 벌통"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Making-skep-beehive.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Making-skep-beehive.jpg/220px-Making-skep-beehive.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Making-skep-beehive.jpg/330px-Making-skep-beehive.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Making-skep-beehive.jpg/440px-Making-skep-beehive.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="663" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%81%EA%B5%AD" title="영국">영국</a>에서 전통적으로 제작되는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%9A" title="짚">짚</a> 벌통</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:DalgarvenBeeSkep.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/DalgarvenBeeSkep.jpg/170px-DalgarvenBeeSkep.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="230" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/DalgarvenBeeSkep.jpg/255px-DalgarvenBeeSkep.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/DalgarvenBeeSkep.jpg/340px-DalgarvenBeeSkep.jpg 2x" data-file-width="509" data-file-height="688" /></a><figcaption>Dalgarven Mill <a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%95%EB%AC%BC%EA%B4%80" title="박물관">박물관</a>의 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%9A" title="짚">짚</a> 벌통. 받침은 구식 <a href="/wiki/%EC%B9%98%EC%A6%88" title="치즈">치즈</a> 압착기이다.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%9A" title="짚">짚</a> 벌통(skep)은 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%94%EA%B5%AC%EB%8B%88" title="바구니">바구니</a>가 엎어진 형태의 벌통으로, 2000여년 동안 사용되어 온 벌통이다. 초기에는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%84%ED%9D%99" title="진흙">진흙</a>과 <a href="/wiki/%EB%98%A5" title="똥">똥</a>을 작은 가지에 발라 만든 형태였으나, <a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%EC%84%B8_%EC%8B%9C%EB%8C%80" class="mw-redirect" title="중세 시대">중세 시대</a>부터 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%9A" title="짚">짚</a>으로 만들어지기 시작했다. <a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%81%EC%9C%A0%EB%9F%BD" title="북유럽">북유럽</a>과 <a href="/wiki/%EC%84%9C%EC%9C%A0%EB%9F%BD" title="서유럽">서유럽</a>에서, <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%9A" title="짚">짚</a> 벌통은 <a href="/wiki/%ED%92%80" class="mw-disambig" title="풀">풀</a>이나 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%80%ED%91%B8%EB%9D%BC%EA%B8%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="지푸라기">지푸라기</a>를 꼬아 만들었으며 벌통의 입구는 벌통 바닥에 하나만이 존재했다. 내부에 벌들을 위한 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AC%EC%A1%B0%EB%AC%BC" title="구조물">구조물</a>이 없어 벌 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%B0%EC%A7%91" class="mw-redirect" title="군집">군집</a>은 그들의 온전한 벌집을 만들어야만 했고, 이는 벌통의 안쪽에 부착되어 있는 형태였다. 짚 벌통은 두 가지 문제점이 있었는데, 하나는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%96%91%EB%B4%89%EA%B0%80" title="양봉가">양봉가</a>들이 벌집의 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%88%EB%B3%91" title="질병">질병</a>이나 <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%B4%EC%B6%A9" title="해충">해충</a>을 살펴볼 수 없다는 점이었고, <a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%8C%EA%BF%80" title="벌꿀">벌꿀</a> 채취가 까다로워서 대부분의 경우 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%8C%EA%BF%80" title="벌꿀">벌꿀</a>을 얻기 위해서는 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%8C%EC%A7%91" title="벌집">벌집</a> 전체를 파괴해야 한다는 점이었다. 따라서 양봉가들은 벌꿀을 채취할 때 벌통 바깥으로 벌들을 내보내거나, 벌통 위아래로 각각 cap과 eke라는 연장 구조물을 설치해서, 기존의 벌집에 꿀이 가득 찼을 때 꿀벌들이 추가로 벌집을 만들 수 있도록 했다. 벌집에서 벌들을 떼어내기 위해 약간의 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%ED%99%A9" class="mw-disambig" title="유황">유황</a>이 사용되었는데, 상당한 <a href="/wiki/%EA%BF%80%EB%B2%8C" title="꿀벌">꿀벌</a>들이 희생되었다. 또한 짚 벌집은 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%94%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%A4_(%EB%8F%84%EA%B5%AC)" title="바이스 (도구)">바이스</a>로 압착해서 꿀을 추출하는 것도 가능했다. <a href="/wiki/1998%EB%85%84" title="1998년">1998년</a>부터, 대부분의 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD%EC%9D%98_%EC%A3%BC" title="미국의 주">미국의 주</a>들은 짚 벌통 사용을 금지했는데, 이는 앞서 서술했듯 짚 벌통이 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%88%EB%B3%91" title="질병">질병</a>이나 <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%B4%EC%B6%A9" title="해충">해충</a>을 살펴볼 수 없기 때문이었다.<sup id="cite_ref-SammataroAvitabile1998_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SammataroAvitabile1998-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>후기 짚 벌통 <a href="/wiki/%EB%94%94%EC%9E%90%EC%9D%B8" title="디자인">디자인</a>에는 더 작게 짜여진 바구니(cap)가 벌통의 본체 꼭대기의 작은 구멍 위에 추가되었다. cap은 아주 조잡하게 작동했으나, 벌 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%B0%EC%A7%91" class="mw-redirect" title="군집">군집</a>과 벌들의 피해를 최소화하면서 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%8C%EA%BF%80" title="벌꿀">벌꿀</a>을 얻을 수 있었다. <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%81%EA%B5%AD" title="영국">영국</a>에서는 꿀벌이 <a href="/wiki/%EC%83%88%EB%81%BC" class="mw-disambig" title="새끼">새끼</a>를 기르는 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%A9" title="방">방</a>을 추가로 만들 수 있도록 벌통 바닥에 eke라고 하는, <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%80%ED%91%B8%EB%9D%BC%EA%B8%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="지푸라기">지푸라기</a>를 4~5번 감아올려 만든 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%98%EC%A7%80" title="반지">반지</a> 모양의 연장 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AC%EC%A1%B0%EB%AC%BC" title="구조물">구조물</a>을 설치했다. eke는 보통 약간의 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%A9" title="방">방</a>만을 추가할 수 있었기 때문에, eke와는 별도로 벌통 밑바닥에 더 큰 연장 구조물을 설치하기도 했다. </p><p>짚 벌통(skep)을 만드는 사람을 "skepper"라고 하는데, <a href="/wiki/%EC%84%9C%EC%96%91" title="서양">서양</a> 국가들에는 아직도 skepper라는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B1%EC%94%A8" title="성씨">성씨</a>가 존재한다. <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%81%EA%B5%AD" title="영국">영국</a>에서는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%80%ED%91%B8%EB%9D%BC%EA%B8%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="지푸라기">지푸라기</a> <a href="/wiki/%EC%BD%94%EC%9D%BC" title="코일">코일</a>의 굵기를 "girth"라고 하는 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%80%EC%A3%BD" title="가죽">가죽</a>이나 <a href="/wiki/%EC%86%8C" title="소">소</a>의 일부분으로 조절해가며 만들었고, 이를 껍질을 벗긴 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%80%EC%8B%9C%EB%82%98%EB%AC%B4" title="가시나무">가시나무</a>와 엮어 사용했다. 짚 벌통의 모습은 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B7%B8%EB%A6%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="그림">그림</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EA%B0%81%EC%83%81" class="mw-redirect" title="조각상">조각상</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%A0%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="고문서">고문서</a> 등에서 찾아볼 수 있다. 또한 짚 벌통은 종종 <a href="/wiki/%EC%82%B0%EC%97%85" title="산업">산업</a>을 가리키는 말로 쓰이기도 했다("the busy bee"). <a href="/wiki/18%EC%84%B8%EA%B8%B0" title="18세기">18세기</a> 후반, 구멍이 뚫린 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A9%EC%9E%AC" title="목재">목재</a> <a href="/wiki/%EB%9A%9C%EA%BB%91" title="뚜껑">뚜껑</a> 위에 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%A6%AC" title="유리">유리</a> <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%AD%EC%95%84%EB%A6%AC" title="항아리">항아리</a>가 얹어진 모양의 더 복잡한 짚 벌통들이 만들어졌다. 벌들이 유리 항아리 안에 만든 벌집은 그 <a href="/wiki/%EB%94%94%EC%9E%90%EC%9D%B8" title="디자인">디자인</a>이 상업적으로 가치가 있었다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="나무_구멍_벌통"><span id=".EB.82.98.EB.AC.B4_.EA.B5.AC.EB.A9.8D_.EB.B2.8C.ED.86.B5"></span>나무 구멍 벌통</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5&action=edit&section=5" title="부분 편집: 나무 구멍 벌통"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Bar%C4%87_muzeum_bia%C5%82owie%C5%BCa_p.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Bar%C4%87_muzeum_bia%C5%82owie%C5%BCa_p.jpg/170px-Bar%C4%87_muzeum_bia%C5%82owie%C5%BCa_p.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="248" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Bar%C4%87_muzeum_bia%C5%82owie%C5%BCa_p.jpg/255px-Bar%C4%87_muzeum_bia%C5%82owie%C5%BCa_p.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Bar%C4%87_muzeum_bia%C5%82owie%C5%BCa_p.jpg/340px-Bar%C4%87_muzeum_bia%C5%82owie%C5%BCa_p.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1572" data-file-height="2296" /></a><figcaption>Białowieża의 박물관에 있는 Barć</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD" title="미국">미국</a> 동부, 그중에서도 특히 남동부에서 구멍이 뚫린 나무는 <a href="/wiki/20%EC%84%B8%EA%B8%B0" title="20세기">20세기</a>까지 벌통으로 사용되어 왔다. 이러한 벌통들은 "gums"라 불렸는데, 대부분 흑고무나무(Nyssa sylvatica)를 사용했기 때문이었다.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 속이 빈 나무들을 "벌 마당" 혹은 양봉장에 수직으로 세워놓고 사용했다. 때로 <a href="/wiki/%EB%84%90%EB%B9%A4%EC%A7%80" title="널빤지">널빤지</a> <a href="/wiki/%EB%8D%AE%EA%B0%9C" title="덮개">덮개</a> 밑에 막대기나 교차된 막대를 놓아서 벌집을 붙일 수 있도록 했다. 짚 벌통과 같이, 벌꿀을 채취하려면 벌 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%B0%EC%A7%91" class="mw-redirect" title="군집">군집</a>을 파괴해야 했다. 대부분의 <a href="/wiki/%EC%96%91%EB%B4%89%EA%B0%80" title="양봉가">양봉가</a>들은 벌통을 개봉하기 전, <a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%88%EC%86%8D" title="금속">금속</a> <a href="/wiki/%EA%B7%B8%EB%A6%87" title="그릇">용기</a>에 <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B0%EC%86%8C" title="연소">연소</a>되는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%ED%99%A9" class="mw-disambig" title="유황">유황</a>을 담아 벌통에 집어넣는 방식으로 벌들을 죽였다. 자연의 나무 구멍과 인공적으로 만들어진 구멍 뚫린 나무 몸통은 과거 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%EB%B6%80_%EC%9C%A0%EB%9F%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="중부 유럽">중부 유럽</a>의 양봉가들이 널리 사용하였다. 예를 들면, <a href="/wiki/%ED%8F%B4%EB%9E%80%EB%93%9C" title="폴란드">폴란드</a>의 "barć" 벌통은 여러 가지 불리한 조건의 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%ED%9B%84" title="기후">기후</a>와 <a href="/wiki/%ED%8F%AC%EC%8B%9D%EC%9E%90" class="mw-redirect" title="포식자">포식자</a>들 (<a href="/wiki/%EB%94%B1%EB%94%B0%EA%B5%AC%EB%A6%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="딱따구리">딱따구리</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%B0" title="곰">곰</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%86%94%EB%8B%B4%EB%B9%84" class="mw-disambig" title="솔담비">솔담비</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%88%B2%EA%B2%A8%EC%9A%B8%EC%9E%A0%EC%A5%90" title="숲겨울잠쥐">숲겨울잠쥐</a>) 로부터 보호했다. 벌꿀 수확은 벌 군집을 파괴하는 방식이 아닌, 보호용 <a href="/wiki/%EB%82%98%EB%AC%B4" title="나무">나무</a> 덮개를 제거한 후 짧은 시간 동안 <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B0%EA%B8%B0" class="mw-disambig" title="연기">연기</a>로 벌들을 막는 방식이었다.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r36482206">.mw-parser-output .fix{background-color:#fff9f9;color:DarkSlateGray;border:1px solid #ffdcdc}</style><sup class="정리_필요 noprint">[<a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EC%B6%9C%EC%B2%98_%ED%95%84%EC%9A%94" title="위키백과:출처 필요">출처 필요</a>]</sup> </p><p>나무 구멍 벌통은 벌꿀 생산량이 비교적 떨어지는 꿀벌 종을 위해 <a href="/wiki/%EC%96%91%EB%B4%89%EA%B0%80" title="양봉가">양봉가</a>들이 오늘날까지도 사용하고 있다. 대부분의 벌통들과는 달리 (<a href="/wiki/%EC%96%91%EB%B4%89%EA%BF%80%EB%B2%8C" title="양봉꿀벌">양봉꿀벌</a>과 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%AC%EB%9E%98%EA%BF%80%EB%B2%8C" title="재래꿀벌">재래꿀벌</a>에게만 사용하기 편리), 나무 구멍 벌통은 더 다양하고 많은 벌 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A2%85" class="mw-disambig" title="종">종</a>이 벌집을 지을 수 있게 한다. 나무 구멍 벌통은 벌들이 스스로 벌집(<a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%8C%EA%BF%80" title="벌꿀">벌꿀</a>과 <a href="/wiki/%EA%BD%83%EA%B0%80%EB%A3%A8" title="꽃가루">꽃가루</a>를 저장할 수 있는 벌집 구조물과 방들)을 구성할 수 있도록 되어 있다. </p><p>다량의 벌꿀을 생산하는 꿀벌종(Apis mellifera nigra)에도 또한 나무 구멍 벌통을 현재까지 사용하고 있다. 그러나 이러한 사례들은 타 일반 양봉꿀과 나무 구멍 양봉을 구분지어 벌꿀의 높은 가격을 요구하는 이유 중의 하나이다. <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%9E%91%EC%8A%A4" title="프랑스">프랑스</a>의 Mont-Lozère 또한 현재까지 이 벌통을 사용하고 있다.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 벌통의 길이는 다소 짧은 측면이 있고, 보통의 나무 구멍 벌통과는 달리 정해진 규격대로 인공적으로 구멍을 뚫어 만든다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="같이_보기"><span id=".EA.B0.99.EC.9D.B4_.EB.B3.B4.EA.B8.B0"></span>같이 보기</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5&action=edit&section=6" title="부분 편집: 같이 보기"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r38501082">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right plainlinks"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r36480595">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><b><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%AF%B8%EB%94%94%EC%96%B4_%EA%B3%B5%EC%9A%A9" title="위키미디어 공용">위키미디어 공용</a></b>에 관련된<br />미디어 분류가 있습니다.<div style="padding-left:1em;"><b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Beehives?uselang=ko">벌통</a></b></div></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r38501082" /><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right plainlinks"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480595" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><b><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%AF%B8%EB%94%94%EC%96%B4_%EA%B3%B5%EC%9A%A9" title="위키미디어 공용">위키미디어 공용</a></b>에 관련된<br />미디어 분류가 있습니다.<div style="padding-left:1em;"><b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bee_skeps?uselang=ko">벌통 (농장용 물건)</a></b></div></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%8C%EA%BF%80" title="벌꿀">벌꿀</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%BF%80%EB%B2%8C" title="꿀벌">꿀벌</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%BF%80%EC%A7%91" class="mw-redirect" title="꿀집">꿀집</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%94%8C%EB%A1%9C%EC%9A%B0_%ED%95%98%EC%9D%B4%EB%B8%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="플로우 하이브">플로우 하이브</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%9E%AD%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8%EB%A1%9C%EC%8A%A4_%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="랭스트로스 벌통 (없는 문서)">랭스트로스 벌통</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="각주"><span id=".EA.B0.81.EC.A3.BC"></span>각주</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5&action=edit&section=7" title="부분 편집: 각주"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160309203227/http://www.reshafim.org.il/ad/egypt/timelines/topics/beekeeping.htm">“Ancient Egypt: Bee-keeping”</a>. 《reshafim.org.il》. 2016년 3월 9일에 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://reshafim.org.il/ad/egypt/timelines/topics/beekeeping.htm">원본 문서</a>에서 보존된 문서<span class="reference-accessdate">. 2017년 8월 14일에 확인함</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=reshafim.org.il&rft.atitle=Ancient+Egypt%3A+Bee-keeping&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Freshafim.org.il%2Fad%2Fegypt%2Ftimelines%2Ftopics%2Fbeekeeping.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://beelore.com/2008/02/23/beekeeping-in-ancient-egypt/">“Beekeeping in Ancient Egypt”</a>. 《Bee Lore》.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bee+Lore&rft.atitle=Beekeeping+in+Ancient+Egypt&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbeelore.com%2F2008%2F02%2F23%2Fbeekeeping-in-ancient-egypt%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.agropolis.fr/pdf/rencontres-apiculture-2008/pays/Egypte.pdf">Apiculture in Egypt, Dr Tarek Issa Abd El-Wahab</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36482206" /><sup class="정리_필요 noprint">[<a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EA%B9%A8%EC%A7%84_%EB%A7%81%ED%81%AC" title="위키백과:깨진 링크">깨진 링크</a>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Gilmour, Garth. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080328104004/http://www.jamaica-gleaner.com/gleaner/20080223/news/news4.html">“The land of milk and honey ... and bees!”</a>. Jamaica Gleaner. 2008년 3월 28일에 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jamaica-gleaner.com/gleaner/20080223/news/news4.html">원본 문서</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Web article)</span>에서 보존된 문서<span class="reference-accessdate">. 2008년 3월 18일에 확인함</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+land+of+milk+and+honey+...+and+bees%21&rft.pub=Jamaica+Gleaner&rft.aulast=Gilmour&rft.aufirst=Garth&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jamaica-gleaner.com%2Fgleaner%2F20080223%2Fnews%2Fnews4.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bogomolets O. Radomysl Castle-Museum on the Royal Road Via Regia". – Kyiv, 2013 <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r38117996">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%9C_%ED%91%9C%EC%A4%80_%EB%8F%84%EC%84%9C_%EB%B2%88%ED%98%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="국제 표준 도서 번호">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%B1%85%EC%B0%BE%EA%B8%B0/978-617-7031-15-3" title="특수:책찾기/978-617-7031-15-3">978-617-7031-15-3</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.agropolis.fr/pdf/rencontres-apiculture-2008/pays/Egypte.pdf">The Apiculture in Egypt, Dr. Tarek Issa Abde El-Wahab</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36482206" /><sup class="정리_필요 noprint">[<a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EA%B9%A8%EC%A7%84_%EB%A7%81%ED%81%AC" title="위키백과:깨진 링크">깨진 링크</a>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SammataroAvitabile1998-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-SammataroAvitabile1998_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Diana Sammataro; Alphonse Avitabile (1998년 6월 15일). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZLLB2fh55aQC&pg=PA186">《The beekeeper's handbook》</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cornell_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cornell University Press (없는 문서)">Cornell University Press</a>. 186쪽. <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%9C_%ED%91%9C%EC%A4%80_%EB%8F%84%EC%84%9C_%EB%B2%88%ED%98%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="국제 표준 도서 번호">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%B1%85%EC%B0%BE%EA%B8%B0/978-0-8014-8503-9" title="특수:책찾기/978-0-8014-8503-9"><bdi>978-0-8014-8503-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 2011년 8월 17일에 확인함</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+beekeeper%27s+handbook&rft.pages=186&rft.pub=Cornell+University+Press&rft.date=1998-06-15&rft.isbn=978-0-8014-8503-9&rft.au=Diana+Sammataro&rft.au=Alphonse+Avitabile&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZLLB2fh55aQC%26pg%3DPA186&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Crane, Ethel Eva (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WVh3AAAAQBAJ&pg=PA305">《The World History of Beekeeping and Honey Hunting》</a>. Routledge. 305쪽.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+World+History+of+Beekeeping+and+Honey+Hunting&rft.pages=305&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013&rft.au=Crane%2C+Ethel+Eva&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWVh3AAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA305&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Karpiński, Jan Jerzy (1948). 《Ślady dawnego bartnictwa puszczańskiego na terenie Białowieskiego Parku Narodowego》. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.encyklopedia.puszcza-bialowieska.eu/ksiazki/bartnictwo.pdf">http://www.encyklopedia.puszcza-bialowieska.eu/ksiazki/bartnictwo.pdf</a>: Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%C5%9Alady+dawnego+bartnictwa+puszcza%C5%84skiego+na+terenie+Bia%C5%82owieskiego+Parku+Narodowego&rft.place=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyklopedia.puszcza-bialowieska.eu%2Fksiazki%2Fbartnictwo.pdf&rft.pub=Instytut+Badawczy+Le%C5%9Bnictwa&rft.date=1948&rft.aulast=Karpi%C5%84ski&rft.aufirst=Jan+Jerzy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lozere.fr/la-filiere-apicole-en-lozere.html">“La filière apicole en Lozère”</a>. 《lozere.fr》.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=lozere.fr&rft.atitle=La+fili%C3%A8re+apicole+en+Loz%C3%A8re&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flozere.fr%2Fla-filiere-apicole-en-lozere.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lozere.fr/actualites/1338984971-les-ruches-troncs-et-les-abeilles-noires-du-mont-lozere-sur-tf1.html">“<span style="padding-left:0.2em;">"</span> Les Ruches troncs et les abeilles noires" du Mont-Lozère sur TF1 .”</a>. 《lozere.fr》.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=lozere.fr&rft.atitle=%22+Les+Ruches+troncs+et+les+abeilles+noires%22+du+Mont-Loz%C3%A8re+sur+TF1+.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flozere.fr%2Factualites%2F1338984971-les-ruches-troncs-et-les-abeilles-noires-du-mont-lozere-sur-tf1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304035731/http://www.nvbinfocentrum.nl/uploads/files/holland_bee.pdf">“La fôret des abeilles by Yves Elie”</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. 2016년 3월 4일에 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nvbinfocentrum.nl/uploads/files/holland_bee.pdf">원본 문서</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>에서 보존된 문서<span class="reference-accessdate">. 2017년 8월 14일에 확인함</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=La+f%C3%B4ret+des+abeilles+by+Yves+Elie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nvbinfocentrum.nl%2Fuploads%2Ffiles%2Fholland_bee.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140504121405/http://www.masters-biologie-ecologie.com/ARTIO/IMG/pdf/Lehebel-Peron.Ameline.stage.M2IEGB-2009.pdf">“Paper on use of bee gums in France”</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. 2014년 5월 4일에 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.masters-biologie-ecologie.com/ARTIO/IMG/pdf/Lehebel-Peron.Ameline.stage.M2IEGB-2009.pdf">원본 문서</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>에서 보존된 문서<span class="reference-accessdate">. 2014년 5월 4일에 확인함</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Paper+on+use+of+bee+gums+in+France&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.masters-biologie-ecologie.com%2FARTIO%2FIMG%2Fpdf%2FLehebel-Peron.Ameline.stage.M2IEGB-2009.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r36480591">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe dd:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe li:after{content:" | ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen dd:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen li:after{content:" - ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma dd:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma li:after{content:", ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-slash dd:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-slash li:after{content:" / ";font-weight:normal}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r38501015">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="꿀벌" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:rgb(235,235,210)"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r38585741">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-보기"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80:%EA%BF%80%EB%B2%8C" title="틀:꿀벌"><abbr title="이 틀을 보기" style=";background:rgb(235,235,210);background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-토론"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8B%80%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0:%EA%BF%80%EB%B2%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="틀토론:꿀벌 (없는 문서)"><abbr title="이 틀에 관해 토론하기" style=";background:rgb(235,235,210);background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-편집"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C%ED%8E%B8%EC%A7%91/%ED%8B%80:%EA%BF%80%EB%B2%8C" title="특수:문서편집/틀:꿀벌"><abbr title="이 틀을 편집하기" style=";background:rgb(235,235,210);background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="꿀벌" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%EA%BF%80%EB%B2%8C" title="꿀벌">꿀벌</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:rgb(235,235,210)">신분(카스트)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%AC%EC%99%95%EB%B2%8C" title="여왕벌">여왕벌</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%BC%EB%B2%8C" title="일벌">일벌</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%85%B8%EB%8A%94_%EC%9D%BC%EB%B2%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="노는 일벌 (없는 문서)">노는 일벌</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%88%98%EB%B2%8C" title="수벌">수벌</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:201109_honey_bee.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/201109_honey_bee.png/100px-201109_honey_bee.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/201109_honey_bee.png/150px-201109_honey_bee.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/201109_honey_bee.png/200px-201109_honey_bee.png 2x" data-file-width="492" data-file-height="387" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:rgb(235,235,210)">생활사</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%8C%EC%A7%91" title="벌집">벌집</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%BF%80%EB%B2%8C%EC%9D%98_%EC%83%9D%ED%99%9C%EC%82%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="꿀벌의 생활사 (없는 문서)">꿀벌의 생활사</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B4%89%EC%95%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="봉아 (없는 문서)">봉아</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%BF%80%EB%B2%8C%EC%9D%98_%ED%95%99%EC%8A%B5%EB%8A%A5%EB%A0%A5%EA%B3%BC_%EC%9D%98%EC%82%AC%EC%86%8C%ED%86%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="꿀벌의 학습능력과 의사소통 (없는 문서)">꿀벌의 학습능력과 의사소통</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B6%84%EB%B4%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="분봉 (없는 문서)">분봉</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:rgb(235,235,210)">종</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%96%91%EB%B4%89%EA%BF%80%EB%B2%8C" title="양봉꿀벌">양봉꿀벌</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%BC%AC%EB%A7%88%EA%BF%80%EB%B2%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="꼬마꿀벌 (없는 문서)">꼬마꿀벌</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%99%95%EA%BF%80%EB%B2%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="왕꿀벌 (없는 문서)">왕꿀벌</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%AC%EB%9E%98%EA%BF%80%EB%B2%8C" title="재래꿀벌">재래꿀벌</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/%EC%96%91%EB%B4%89%EA%BF%80%EB%B2%8C" title="양봉꿀벌">양봉꿀벌</a>의<br />아종 및 변종</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B2%84%ED%81%AC%ED%8C%A8%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8%EA%BF%80%EB%B2%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="버크패스트꿀벌 (없는 문서)">버크패스트꿀벌</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%EB%8B%88%EC%98%AC%EB%9D%BC%EA%BF%80%EB%B2%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="카르니올라꿀벌 (없는 문서)">카르니올라꿀벌</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%B2%80%EC%9D%80%EA%BF%80%EB%B2%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="검은꿀벌 (없는 문서)">검은꿀벌</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9D%B4%ED%83%88%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84%EA%BF%80%EB%B2%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="이탈리아꿀벌 (없는 문서)">이탈리아꿀벌</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%AA%B0%ED%83%80%EA%BF%80%EB%B2%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="몰타꿀벌 (없는 문서)">몰타꿀벌</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC%EC%B9%B4%ED%99%94%EA%BF%80%EB%B2%8C" title="아프리카화꿀벌">살인벌</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%95%84%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC%EC%B9%B4%EA%BF%80%EB%B2%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="아프리카꿀벌 (없는 문서)">아프리카꿀벌</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%BF%80%EB%B2%8C%EC%9D%98_%EB%B4%89%EC%A2%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="꿀벌의 봉종 (없는 문서)">꿀벌의 봉종</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:rgb(235,235,210)">가축화</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%96%91%EB%B4%89" title="양봉">양봉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%96%91%EB%B4%89%ED%95%99" title="양봉학">양봉학</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%96%91%EB%B4%89%EC%9E%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="양봉장 (없는 문서)">양봉장</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">벌통</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%9E%91%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8%EB%A1%9C%EC%8A%A4_%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="랑스트로스 벌통 (없는 문서)">랑스트로스 벌통</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%88%98%ED%8F%89%EC%8B%9D%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="수평식벌통 (없는 문서)">수평식벌통</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%80%EB%9E%8D" title="밀랍">밀랍</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%8C%EA%BF%80" title="벌꿀">벌꿀</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B1%84%EB%B0%80" class="mw-redirect" title="채밀">채밀</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%B1%84%EB%B0%80%EA%B8%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="채밀기 (없는 문서)">채밀기</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A1%9C%ED%8F%B4%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4" title="프로폴리스">프로폴리스</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EC%97%B4%EC%A0%A4%EB%A6%AC" title="로열젤리">로열젤리</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:rgb(235,235,210)">관련 목록</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%BF%80%EB%B2%8C_%EC%A7%88%EB%B3%91_%EB%AA%A9%EB%A1%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="꿀벌 질병 목록 (없는 문서)">꿀벌 질병 목록</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:rgb(235,235,210)">나라별 양봉</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%97%9D%EA%B0%80%EB%A6%AC%EC%9D%98_%EC%96%91%EB%B4%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="헝가리의 양봉 (없는 문서)">헝가리</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9D%B8%EB%8F%84%EC%9D%98_%EC%96%91%EB%B4%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="인도의 양봉 (없는 문서)">인도</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%95%84%EC%9D%BC%EB%9E%9C%EB%93%9C%EC%9D%98_%EC%96%91%EB%B4%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="아일랜드의 양봉 (없는 문서)">아일랜드</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%84%A4%ED%8C%94%EC%9D%98_%EC%96%91%EB%B4%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="네팔의 양봉 (없는 문서)">네팔</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%89%B4%EC%A7%88%EB%9E%9C%EB%93%9C%EC%9D%98_%EC%96%91%EB%B4%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="뉴질랜드의 양봉 (없는 문서)">뉴질랜드</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9A%B0%ED%81%AC%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EB%82%98%EC%9D%98_%EC%96%91%EB%B4%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="우크라이나의 양봉 (없는 문서)">우크라이나</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%98%81%EA%B5%AD%EC%9D%98_%EC%96%91%EB%B4%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="영국의 양봉 (없는 문서)">영국</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD%EC%9D%98_%EC%96%91%EB%B4%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="미국의 양봉 (없는 문서)">미국</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r38501015" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EC%A0%84%EA%B1%B0_%ED%86%B5%EC%A0%9C" title="위키백과:전거 통제">전거 통제</a>: 국가 <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165107#identifiers" title="위키데이터에서 편집하기"><img alt="위키데이터에서 편집하기" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><abbr title="úly"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph606718&CON_LNG=ENG">체코</a></abbr></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">원본 주소 "<a dir="ltr" href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=벌통&oldid=37920986">https://ko.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=벌통&oldid=37920986</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98" title="특수:분류">분류</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5" title="분류:벌통">벌통</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%EC%96%91%EB%B4%89" title="분류:양봉">양봉</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%EB%8F%99%EB%AC%BC_%EC%A0%84%EC%9A%A9_%EA%B1%B4%EC%B6%95%EB%AC%BC" title="분류:동물 전용 건축물">동물 전용 건축물</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%EB%8F%99%EB%AC%BC%ED%96%89%EB%8F%99%ED%95%99" title="분류:동물행동학">동물행동학</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%EA%B3%A4%EC%B6%A9%ED%95%99" title="분류:곤충학">곤충학</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%EC%9A%B0%ED%81%AC%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EB%82%98%EC%9D%98_%EB%B0%9C%EB%AA%85%ED%92%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="분류:우크라이나의 발명품 (없는 문서)">우크라이나의 발명품</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">숨은 분류: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%ED%95%B4%EA%B2%B0%EB%90%98%EC%A7%80_%EC%95%8A%EC%9D%80_%EC%86%8D%EC%84%B1%EC%9D%B4_%EC%9E%88%EB%8A%94_%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C" title="분류:해결되지 않은 속성이 있는 문서">해결되지 않은 속성이 있는 문서</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%ED%84%B0_%EC%86%8D%EC%84%B1_P18%EC%9D%84_%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%ED%95%98%EB%8A%94_%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C" title="분류:위키데이터 속성 P18을 사용하는 문서">위키데이터 속성 P18을 사용하는 문서</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%ED%84%B0_%EC%86%8D%EC%84%B1_P373%EC%9D%84_%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%ED%95%98%EB%8A%94_%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C" title="분류:위키데이터 속성 P373을 사용하는 문서">위키데이터 속성 P373을 사용하는 문서</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%ED%84%B0_%EC%86%8D%EC%84%B1_P691%EC%9D%84_%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%ED%95%98%EB%8A%94_%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C" title="분류:위키데이터 속성 P691을 사용하는 문서">위키데이터 속성 P691을 사용하는 문서</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%ED%84%B0_%EC%86%8D%EC%84%B1_P7859%EB%A5%BC_%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%ED%95%98%EB%8A%94_%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C" title="분류:위키데이터 속성 P7859를 사용하는 문서">위키데이터 속성 P7859를 사용하는 문서</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%EB%AC%B8%ED%99%94%EC%96%B4_%ED%91%9C%EA%B8%B0%EB%A5%BC_%ED%8F%AC%ED%95%A8%ED%95%9C_%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C" title="분류:문화어 표기를 포함한 문서">문화어 표기를 포함한 문서</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%EC%98%81%EC%96%B4_%ED%91%9C%EA%B8%B0%EB%A5%BC_%ED%8F%AC%ED%95%A8%ED%95%9C_%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C" title="분류:영어 표기를 포함한 문서">영어 표기를 포함한 문서</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%EC%B6%9C%EC%B2%98%EA%B0%80_%ED%95%84%EC%9A%94%ED%95%9C_%EA%B8%80/2017%EB%85%84_8%EC%9B%94" title="분류:출처가 필요한 글/2017년 8월">출처가 필요한 글/2017년 8월</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%ED%95%9C%EA%B5%AD%EC%96%B4_%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC%EC%9D%98_%EB%A7%81%ED%81%AC%EA%B0%80_%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%ED%84%B0%EC%99%80_%EB%8B%A4%EB%A5%B8_%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EA%B3%B5%EC%9A%A9%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98" title="분류:한국어 위키백과의 링크가 위키데이터와 다른 위키공용분류">한국어 위키백과의 링크가 위키데이터와 다른 위키공용분류</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:NKC_%EC%8B%9D%EB%B3%84%EC%9E%90%EB%A5%BC_%ED%8F%AC%ED%95%A8%ED%95%9C_%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC_%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C" title="분류:NKC 식별자를 포함한 위키백과 문서">NKC 식별자를 포함한 위키백과 문서</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> 이 문서는 2024년 9월 29일 (일) 22:27에 마지막으로 편집되었습니다.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">모든 문서는 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ko">크리에이티브 커먼즈 저작자표시-동일조건변경허락 4.0</a>에 따라 사용할 수 있으며, 추가적인 조건이 적용될 수 있습니다. 자세한 내용은 <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use/ko">이용 약관</a>을 참고하십시오.<br />Wikipedia®는 미국 및 다른 국가에 등록되어 있는 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wikimediafoundation.org">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a> 소유의 등록 상표입니다.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">개인정보처리방침</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EC%86%8C%EA%B0%9C">위키백과 소개</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EB%A9%B4%EC%B1%85_%EC%A1%B0%ED%95%AD">면책 조항</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">행동 강령</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">개발자</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/ko.wikipedia.org">통계</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">쿠키 정책</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//ko.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">모바일 보기</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" lang="en" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>검색</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="위키백과 검색"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="특수:검색"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">검색</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="목차" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="목차 토글" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">목차 토글</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">벌통</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>75개 언어</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>새 주제</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-7c4c86c76b-rkbrt","wgBackendResponseTime":530,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.510","walltime":"0.709","ppvisitednodes":{"value":1975,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":39198,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":1555,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":21,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":3,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":32779,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 588.252 1 -total"," 22.28% 131.049 1 틀:위키데이터_속성_추적"," 18.41% 108.315 1 틀:꿀벌"," 18.06% 106.258 1 틀:둘러보기_상자"," 16.25% 95.612 7 틀:웹_인용"," 9.99% 58.784 1 틀:ISBN"," 9.71% 57.119 2 틀:위키공용분류"," 8.30% 48.818 2 틀:Sister"," 7.96% 46.841 2 틀:사이드_박스"," 7.57% 44.503 1 틀:전거_통제"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.258","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":5092678,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-864b78f956-htdp2","timestamp":"20250219015921","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"\ubc8c\ud1b5","url":"https:\/\/ko.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%EB%B2%8C%ED%86%B5","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q165107","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q165107","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"\uc704\ud0a4\ubbf8\ub514\uc5b4 \ud504\ub85c\uc81d\ud2b8 \uae30\uc5ec\uc790"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2007-12-26T09:42:00Z","dateModified":"2024-09-29T13:27:14Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/a\/a7\/Beehives_in_Mankato%2C_Minnesota.jpg"}</script> </body> </html>