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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Christian missionary (1768–1837)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Portrait_of_J._Marshman,_D.D_(4673803)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Portrait_of_J._Marshman%2C_D.D_%284673803%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Portrait_of_J._Marshman%2C_D.D_%284673803%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="265" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Portrait_of_J._Marshman%2C_D.D_%284673803%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Portrait_of_J._Marshman%2C_D.D_%284673803%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Portrait_of_J._Marshman%2C_D.D_%284673803%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Portrait_of_J._Marshman%2C_D.D_%284673803%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="704" data-file-height="847" /></a><figcaption>19th-century silhouette portrait of Marshman</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Joshua Marshman</b> (20 April 1768 – 6 December 1837) was a <a href="/wiki/Baptist" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptist">Baptist</a> missionary in <a href="/wiki/Bengal" title="Bengal">Bengal</a>, India from 1799 until his death. He was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Serampore_trio" class="mw-redirect" title="Serampore trio">Serampore trio</a> with <a href="/wiki/William_Carey_(missionary)" title="William Carey (missionary)">William Carey</a> and <a href="/wiki/William_Ward_(missionary)" title="William Ward (missionary)">William Ward</a>. The trio founded <a href="/wiki/Serampore_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Serampore University">Serampore University</a>, many primary and secondary schools, and translated and published a large number of works, including translations of the <a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a>. Marshman was "an accomplished scholar, linguist and theologian and was a prolific author and polemicist".<sup id="cite_ref-"0"_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-"0"-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His mission involved social reforms and intellectual debates with educated Hindus such as <a href="/wiki/Raja_Ram_Mohan_Roy" title="Raja Ram Mohan Roy">Raja Ram Mohan Roy</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origins">Origins</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joshua_Marshman&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Joshua Marshman was born on 20 April 1768<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in Britain at <a href="/wiki/Westbury_Leigh" class="mw-redirect" title="Westbury Leigh">Westbury Leigh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wiltshire" title="Wiltshire">Wiltshire</a>, <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a>. His father, John Marshman was a weaver. Of his family little is known, except that they traced their descent from an officer in the Army of <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell" title="Oliver Cromwell">Cromwell</a>, one of a band who, at the Restoration, relinquished, for conscience-sake, all views of worldly aggrandisement, and retired into the country to support himself by his own industry. </p><p>His father John passed the early part of his life at sea and was engaged in the <i><a href="/wiki/HMS_Hind_(1749)" title="HMS Hind (1749)">Hind</a></i>, a British frigate commanded by Captain <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Bond_(Royal_Navy_officer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Bond (Royal Navy officer) (page does not exist)">Robert Bond</a>, at the 1759 capture of <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a>. Shortly after this, he returned to England and in 1764 married Mary Couzener. She was a descendant of a French family who had sought refuge in England following the revocation of the <a href="/wiki/Edict_of_Nantes" title="Edict of Nantes">Edict of Nantes</a>; after his marriage he lived in Westbury Leigh and took up the trade of a weaver. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_days">Early days</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joshua_Marshman&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early days"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Marshman's family were poor and could give him little education. In 1791, Joshua married <a href="/wiki/Hannah_Marshman" title="Hannah Marshman">Hannah Shepherd</a> and in 1794 they moved from Westbury Leigh to <a href="/wiki/Bristol" title="Bristol">Bristol</a>. There they joined the <a href="/wiki/Broadmead_Baptist_Church" title="Broadmead Baptist Church">Broadmead Baptist Church</a>. <a href="/wiki/Baptists" title="Baptists">Baptists</a> at that time were <a href="/wiki/English_Dissenters" title="English Dissenters">dissenters</a> who separated from the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Marshman taught in a local <a href="/wiki/Charity_school" title="Charity school">charity school</a> supported by the church. He also studied at the Bristol Baptist College. </p><p>Marshman was appointed a missionary by the <a href="/wiki/Baptist_Union_of_Great_Britain" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptist Union of Great Britain">Baptist Union of Great Britain</a>. On 29 May 1799 Marshman his wife and their two children set out from <a href="/wiki/Portsmouth" title="Portsmouth">Portsmouth</a> for India aboard the ship <i>Criterion</i>. Although there was a threat of a French naval attack the family landed safely at the Danish settlement of <a href="/wiki/Serampore" title="Serampore">Serampore</a>, a few miles north of Calcutta, on 13 October 1799. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family">Family</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joshua_Marshman&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Joshua_Marshman_grave_plaque.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Joshua_Marshman_grave_plaque.jpg/220px-Joshua_Marshman_grave_plaque.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="286" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Joshua_Marshman_grave_plaque.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="315" data-file-height="410" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>The couple had 12 children; of these only five were alive when their father died. Their youngest daughter Hannah married <a href="/wiki/Henry_Havelock" title="Henry Havelock">Henry Havelock</a>, who became a British general in India, and whose statue is in <a href="/wiki/Trafalgar_Square" title="Trafalgar Square">Trafalgar Square</a>, London. Their daughter Rachel was married to the forestry administrator <a href="/wiki/Dietrich_Brandis" title="Dietrich Brandis">Sir Dietrich Brandis</a>. </p><p>When he first met pioneering missionary <a href="/wiki/William_Carey_(missionary)" title="William Carey (missionary)">William Carey</a>'s four boys in 1800, Marshman was appalled by the neglect with which Carey treated them. Aged 4, 7, 12 and 15, they were unmannered, undisciplined, and even uneducated.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Marshman, his wife Hannah, and their friend the printer William Ward, took the boys in tow. Together they shaped the boys as Carey pampered his botanical specimens, performed his many missionary tasks and journeyed into Calcutta to teach at Fort William College. They offered the boys structure, instruction and companionship. To their credit – and little to Carey's – all four boys went on to useful careers. </p><p>Marsman's son, <a href="/wiki/John_Clark_Marshman" title="John Clark Marshman">John Clark Marshman</a> (1794–1877), was also to become an important part of the missionary work at the college; he was also an official Bengali translator and published a Guide to the Civil Law which, before the work of Macaulay, was the civil code of India; he also wrote a "History of India" (1842).<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Translation_work">Translation work</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joshua_Marshman&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Translation work"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Joshua_Marshman_Used_Chair_-_Carey_Museum_-_Serampore_College_-_Hooghly_2017-07-06_0755.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Joshua_Marshman_Used_Chair_-_Carey_Museum_-_Serampore_College_-_Hooghly_2017-07-06_0755.JPG/170px-Joshua_Marshman_Used_Chair_-_Carey_Museum_-_Serampore_College_-_Hooghly_2017-07-06_0755.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="256" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Joshua_Marshman_Used_Chair_-_Carey_Museum_-_Serampore_College_-_Hooghly_2017-07-06_0755.JPG/255px-Joshua_Marshman_Used_Chair_-_Carey_Museum_-_Serampore_College_-_Hooghly_2017-07-06_0755.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Joshua_Marshman_Used_Chair_-_Carey_Museum_-_Serampore_College_-_Hooghly_2017-07-06_0755.JPG/340px-Joshua_Marshman_Used_Chair_-_Carey_Museum_-_Serampore_College_-_Hooghly_2017-07-06_0755.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="6016" /></a><figcaption>Chair used by Joshua Marshman, at the Serampore College.</figcaption></figure> <p>Like <a href="/wiki/William_Carey_(missionary)" title="William Carey (missionary)">Carey</a> with whom he had come to work, Marshman was a talented and gifted scholar. Marshman and Carey together translated the <a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a> into many Indian Languages as well as translating much classical <a href="/wiki/Indian_literature" title="Indian literature">Indian literature</a> into English, the first being their 1806 translation of the <i>Ramayuna of Valmeeki</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In early 1806,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he, together with two of his sons and one of Carey's, moved to Serampore to begin training in Chinese under the instruction of Prof. Hovhannes Ghazarian (Johannes Lassar), a Macao-born Armenian, fluent in Chinese, who, together with two Chinese assistants,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> had been attracted to Fort William by Carey's promise of a salary of £450 per annum.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 254">: 254 </span></sup> Marshman studied for at least five years under Ghazarian during which time Ghazarian published several of the gospels.<sup id="cite_ref-Buchanan_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Buchanan-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 96">: 96 </span></sup> </p><p>In 1809 he produced the first direct English translation of the <a href="/wiki/Analects" title="Analects">Analects</a>, replacing an existing 1724 indirect translation via French and Latin.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The work describes itself as the first of two planned volumes,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but the second volume does not appear to have ever made it to print. </p><p>Marshman's November 1809 <i>Dissertation on the Characters and Sounds of the Chinese Language</i><sup id="cite_ref-Buchanan_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Buchanan-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 98">: 98 </span></sup> was followed, in 1814, by his <i>Clavis Sinica: Elements of Chinese Grammar</i>, the former being the earliest known published work of Romanisation of Chinese for English speakers, pre-dating <a href="/wiki/John_Francis_Davis" title="John Francis Davis">Davis</a> (1824) and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Morrison_(missionary)" title="Robert Morrison (missionary)">Morrison</a> (1828). The quality of his work, both in principle and execution, was the subject of strident criticism from Davis.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1817, the first translation of the Bible into Chinese, credited to Lassar and Marshman, was published. </p><p>In 1818 he launched the periodical 'Friend of India'.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Marshman had an important role in the development of Indian newspapers. He was a keen proponent of the new developments in educational practice and was keen to encourage school teaching in local languages, even though the colonial authorities preferred that lessons be given in English. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Foundation_of_Serampore_College">Foundation of Serampore College</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joshua_Marshman&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Foundation of Serampore College"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 5 July 1818, <a href="/wiki/William_Carey_(missionary)" title="William Carey (missionary)">William Carey</a>, Joshua Marshman and <a href="/wiki/William_Ward_(missionary)" title="William Ward (missionary)">William Ward</a> (another member of their missionary team) issued a prospectus (written by Marshman) for a proposed new "College for the instruction of Asiatic, Christian, and other youth in Eastern literature and European science". Thus was born <a href="/wiki/Serampore_College" title="Serampore College">Serampore College</a>, which still continues to this day. </p><p>At times funds were tight, and after a brief and false rumour alleging misapplication of funds caused the flow of funds being raised by Ward in America to dry up, Carey wrote,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote><p>Dr. Marshman is as poor as I am, and I can scarcely lay by a sum monthly to relieve three or four indigent relatives in Europe. I might have had large possessions, but I have given my all, except what I ate, drank, and wore, to the cause of missions, and Dr. Marshman has done the same, and so did Mr. Ward.</p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joshua_Marshman&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMarshman1809" class="citation book cs1">Marshman, Joshua (1809). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bamOkgAACAAJ"><i>Dissertation on the characters and sounds of the Chinese language: including tables of the elementary characters, and of the Chinese monosyllables</i></a>. Serampore. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/20216718">20216718</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dissertation+on+the+characters+and+sounds+of+the+Chinese+language%3A+including+tables+of+the+elementary+characters%2C+and+of+the+Chinese+monosyllables&rft.place=Serampore&rft.date=1809&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F20216718&rft.aulast=Marshman&rft.aufirst=Joshua&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbamOkgAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoshua+Marshman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarshman1814" class="citation book cs1">Marshman, Joshua (1814). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=s48PAAAAYAAJ"><i>Elements of Chinese Grammar: With a Preliminary Dissertation on the Characters, and the Colloquial Medium of the Chinese, and an Appendix Containing the Tahyoh of Confucius with a Translation</i></a>. Serampore: Printed at the Mission Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FCBO9781139507288">10.1017/CBO9781139507288</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781139507288" title="Special:BookSources/9781139507288"><bdi>9781139507288</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Elements+of+Chinese+Grammar%3A+With+a+Preliminary+Dissertation+on+the+Characters%2C+and+the+Colloquial+Medium+of+the+Chinese%2C+and+an+Appendix+Containing+the+Tahyoh+of+Confucius+with+a+Translation&rft.place=Serampore&rft.pub=Printed+at+the+Mission+Press&rft.date=1814&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FCBO9781139507288&rft.isbn=9781139507288&rft.aulast=Marshman&rft.aufirst=Joshua&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Ds48PAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoshua+Marshman" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joshua_Marshman&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-"0"-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-"0"_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.missionariesoftheworld.org/2011/07/joshua-marshman.html">"Joshua Marshman"</a>. <i>Missionaries of the World</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Missionaries+of+the+World&rft.atitle=Joshua+Marshman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.missionariesoftheworld.org%2F2011%2F07%2Fjoshua-marshman.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoshua+Marshman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBuckland1906" class="citation book cs1">Buckland, Charles Edward (1906). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dictionaryindia00unkngoog/page/n292"><i>Dictionary of Indian Biography</i></a>. London: Swan Sonnenschein & Co. p. 276. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/5190365">5190365</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Indian+Biography&rft.place=London&rft.pages=276&rft.pub=Swan+Sonnenschein+%26+Co.&rft.date=1906&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F5190365&rft.aulast=Buckland&rft.aufirst=Charles+Edward&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdictionaryindia00unkngoog%2Fpage%2Fn292&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoshua+Marshman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrossLivingstone1997" class="citation book cs1">Cross, F. L.; Livingstone, E. A., eds. (13 March 1997). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oxforddictionary00late"><i>The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church</i></a></span> (3rd ed.). USA: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oxforddictionary00late/page/490">490</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-211655-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-211655-0"><bdi>978-0-19-211655-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Dictionary+of+the+Christian+Church&rft.place=USA&rft.pages=490&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1997-03-13&rft.isbn=978-0-19-211655-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foxforddictionary00late&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoshua+Marshman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.missionariesoftheworld.org/2011/07/hannah-marshman.html">Missionaries of the World website, <i>Hannah Marshmann</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> </span>One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Marshman,_Joshua" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Marshman, Joshua">Marshman, Joshua</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 774.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Marshman%2C+Joshua&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=774&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoshua+Marshman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCareyMarshman1806" class="citation book cs1">Carey, William; Marshman, Joshua (1806). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ramayanvalmeeki01marsgoog"><i>The Ramayuna of Valmeeki</i></a>. Serampore, India: Serampore. p. Advertisement.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Ramayuna+of+Valmeeki&rft.place=Serampore%2C+India&rft.pages=Advertisement&rft.pub=Serampore&rft.date=1806&rft.aulast=Carey&rft.aufirst=William&rft.au=Marshman%2C+Joshua&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Framayanvalmeeki01marsgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoshua+Marshman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarshman1809" class="citation book cs1">Marshman, Joshua (1809). <i>Dissertation on the Characters and Sounds of the Chinese Language</i>. Serampore. p. ii.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dissertation+on+the+Characters+and+Sounds+of+the+Chinese+Language&rft.place=Serampore&rft.pages=ii&rft.date=1809&rft.aulast=Marshman&rft.aufirst=Joshua&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoshua+Marshman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarshman1814" class="citation book cs1">Marshman, Joshua (1814). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/elementschinese00confgoog"><i>Elements of Chinese grammar: with a preliminary dissertation on the characters and the colloquial medium of the Chinese; and an appendix containing the Ta-hyoh of Confucius, with a translation</i></a>. Serampore: Serampore, Printed at the Mission press. p. Preface ii.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Elements+of+Chinese+grammar%3A+with+a+preliminary+dissertation+on+the+characters+and+the+colloquial+medium+of+the+Chinese%3B+and+an+appendix+containing+the+Ta-hyoh+of+Confucius%2C+with+a+translation&rft.place=Serampore&rft.pages=Preface+ii&rft.pub=Serampore%2C+Printed+at+the+Mission+press&rft.date=1814&rft.aulast=Marshman&rft.aufirst=Joshua&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Felementschinese00confgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoshua+Marshman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMedhurst1838" class="citation book cs1">Medhurst, Walter H (1838). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dli.bengal.10689.22483"><i>China, its State and Prospects</i></a>. London.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=China%2C+its+State+and+Prospects&rft.place=London&rft.date=1838&rft.aulast=Medhurst&rft.aufirst=Walter+H&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdli.bengal.10689.22483&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoshua+Marshman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Buchanan-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Buchanan_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Buchanan_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBuchanan1811" class="citation book cs1">Buchanan, Claudius (1811). <i>Researches in Asia with Notices of the Translation of the Scriptures into the Oriental Languages</i> (Boston reprint ed.).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Researches+in+Asia+with+Notices+of+the+Translation+of+the+Scriptures+into+the+Oriental+Languages&rft.edition=Boston+reprint&rft.date=1811&rft.aulast=Buchanan&rft.aufirst=Claudius&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoshua+Marshman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">St. André, James (2018) Consequences of thee conflation of xiao and filial piety in English. Translation and Interpreting Studies 13:2, pp. 303–304.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Marshman (1809). <i>The Works of Confucius</i>. Serampore: Mission Press.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavis1822" class="citation book cs1">Davis, John Francis (1822). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/chinesenovelstra00davirich"><i>Chinese Novels, Translated from the Originals, to which are added Proverbs and Moral Maxims</i></a>. London: John Murray. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/chinesenovelstra00davirich/page/27">27</a>–50.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chinese+Novels%2C+Translated+from+the+Originals%2C+to+which+are+added+Proverbs+and+Moral+Maxims&rft.place=London&rft.pages=27-50&rft.pub=John+Murray&rft.date=1822&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=John+Francis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fchinesenovelstra00davirich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoshua+Marshman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://christianhistoryinstitute.org/magazine/article/rest-of-the-serampore-trio">Christian History Institute website, <i>The Rest of the Serampore Trio</i>, article by Vinita Hampton Wright </a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2011" class="citation book cs1">Smith, George (30 June 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZLa787pY5gMC"><i>The Life of William Carey, D.D: Shoemaker and Missionary</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. p. 413. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781108029186" title="Special:BookSources/9781108029186"><bdi>9781108029186</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Life+of+William+Carey%2C+D.D%3A+Shoemaker+and+Missionary&rft.pages=413&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2011-06-30&rft.isbn=9781108029186&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZLa787pY5gMC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoshua+Marshman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joshua_Marshman&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarshman1859" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Marshman, John Clark (1859). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wmcarey.edu/carey/jcmarshman/lifetimes.htm"><i>The Life and Times of Carey, Marshman and Ward</i></a>. Vol. I & II. London: Longman, Brown, Green, Longmans, & Roberts.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Life+and+Times+of+Carey%2C+Marshman+and+Ward&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Longman%2C+Brown%2C+Green%2C+Longmans%2C+%26+Roberts&rft.date=1859&rft.aulast=Marshman&rft.aufirst=John+Clark&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wmcarey.edu%2Fcarey%2Fjcmarshman%2Flifetimes.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoshua+Marshman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSunil_Kumar_Chatterjee2001" class="citation book cs1">Sunil Kumar Chatterjee (2001). <i>John Clark Marshman (a trustworthy Friend of India)</i>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/51228078">51228078</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=John+Clark+Marshman+%28a+trustworthy+Friend+of+India%29&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F51228078&rft.au=Sunil+Kumar+Chatterjee&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoshua+Marshman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThe_Council_of_Serampore_College2006" class="citation book cs1">The Council of Serampore College (2006). <i>The Story of Serampore and its College</i>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/173263455">173263455</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Story+of+Serampore+and+its+College&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F173263455&rft.au=The+Council+of+Serampore+College&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJoshua+Marshman" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joshua_Marshman&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wmcarey.edu/carey/obit/#hmarshmanobit">Bengal Obituary - 1848</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output 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Apostle">Thomas the Apostle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantaenus" title="Pantaenus">Pantaenus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestantism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Indian_history" title="Timeline of Indian history">Indian history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Christian_missions" title="Timeline of Christian missions">Missions timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_India" title="Christianity in India">Christianity in India</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Protestant_missionaries_in_India" title="List of Protestant missionaries in India">People</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_Oliver_Allen" title="David Oliver Allen">David Oliver Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Olaf_Bodding" title="Paul Olaf Bodding">Paul Olaf Bodding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Mary_Brown" title="Edith Mary Brown">Edith Mary Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Brown_(missionary)" title="Nathan Brown (missionary)">Nathan Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Caldwell" title="Robert Caldwell">Robert Caldwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._T._E._Rhenius" title="C. T. E. Rhenius">C. T. E. Rhenius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Carey_(missionary)" title="William Carey (missionary)">William Carey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_Carmichael" title="Amy Carmichael">Amy Carmichael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Margoschis" title="Arthur Margoschis">Arthur Margoschis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Cook" title="Robert F. Cook">Robert F. Cook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Duff_(missionary)" title="Alexander Duff (missionary)">Alexander Duff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Norris_Groves" title="Anthony Norris Groves">Anthony Norris Groves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Gundert" title="Hermann Gundert">Hermann Gundert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Nelson_Hyde" title="John Nelson Hyde">John Hyde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._Stanley_Jones" title="E. Stanley Jones">E. Stanley Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jones_(missionary)" title="Thomas Jones (missionary)">Thomas Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Knill" title="Richard Knill">Richard Knill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannah_Marshman" title="Hannah Marshman">Hannah Marshman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Clark_Marshman" title="John Clark Marshman">John Clark Marshman</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Joshua Marshman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Martyn" title="Henry Martyn">Henry Martyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_McGavran" title="Donald McGavran">Donald McGavran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Mudge" title="James Mudge">James Mudge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volbrecht_Nagel" title="Volbrecht Nagel">Volbrecht Nagel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Uglow_Pope" title="George Uglow Pope">George Uglow Pope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luther_Rice" title="Luther Rice">Luther Rice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Edward_Robinson_(bishop)" title="John Edward Robinson (bishop)">John Edward Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_Daniel_Rockey" title="Clement Daniel Rockey">Clement Daniel Rockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Friedrich_Schwarz" title="Christian Friedrich Schwarz">Christian Friedrich Schwarz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scudder_family_of_missionaries_in_India" title="Scudder family of missionaries in India">Scudder Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serampore_Trio" title="Serampore Trio">Serampore Trio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lars_Olsen_Skrefsrud" title="Lars Olsen Skrefsrud">Lars Olsen Skrefsrud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Somervell" title="Howard Somervell">Howard Somervell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham_Staines" title="Graham Staines">Graham Staines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Sturge" title="Alfred Sturge">Alfred Sturge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Taylor_(bishop)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Taylor (bishop)">William Taylor (bishop)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Mills_Thoburn" title="James Mills Thoburn">James Mills Thoburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cecil_Tyndale-Biscoe" title="Cecil Tyndale-Biscoe">Cecil Tyndale-Biscoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Ward_(missionary)" title="William Ward (missionary)">William Ward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bartholom%C3%A4us_Ziegenbalg" title="Bartholomäus Ziegenbalg">Bartholomäus Ziegenbalg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Paton_(ecumenist)" title="William Paton (ecumenist)">William Paton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Works</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andhra_Christian_College" title="Andhra Christian College">Andhra Christian College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eccles_Establishment" title="Eccles Establishment">Eccles Establishment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Missionary_Society_of_Mayurbhanj" title="Evangelical Missionary Society of Mayurbhanj">Evangelical Missionary Society of Mayurbhanj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gossner_Theological_College" title="Gossner Theological College">Gossner Theological College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madras_Christian_College" title="Madras Christian College">Madras Christian College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serampore_College" title="Serampore College">Serampore College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Church_College" title="Scottish Church College">Scottish Church College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Christian_College" title="Scott Christian College">Scott Christian College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Stephen%27s_College,_Delhi" title="St. Stephen's College, Delhi">St. Stephen's College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilson_College,_Mumbai" title="Wilson College, Mumbai">Wilson College</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Missionary agencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Baptist_International_Ministries" class="mw-redirect" title="American Baptist International Ministries">American Baptist Foreign Mission Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Board_of_Commissioners_for_Foreign_Missions" title="American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions">American Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Baptist_Missionary_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian Baptist Missionary Society">Australian Baptist Missionary Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMS_World_Mission" title="BMS World Mission">Baptist Missionary Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Baptist_Mission" title="Canadian Baptist Mission">Canadian Baptist Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_England_Zenana_Missionary_Society" title="Church of England Zenana Missionary Society">Church of England Zenana Missionary Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_Mission_Society" title="Church Mission Society">Church Mission Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Assembly_of_the_Church_of_Scotland" title="General Assembly of the Church of Scotland">Scottish General Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Missionary_Society" title="London Missionary Society">London Missionary Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mission_to_the_World" title="Mission to the World">Mission to the World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptist_Union_of_New_Zealand" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptist Union of New Zealand">New Zealand Baptist Missionary Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Society_Partners_in_the_Gospel" title="United Society Partners in the Gospel">United Society Partners in the Gospel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pivotal events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Rebellion_of_1857" title="Indian Rebellion of 1857">Indian Rebellion of 1857</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">Indian Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayyavazhi_in_reports_by_Christian_missionaries" title="Ayyavazhi in reports by Christian missionaries">Interactions with Ayyavazhi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Indian Protestants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Krishna_Mohan_Banerjee" title="Krishna Mohan Banerjee">Krishna Mohan Banerjee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jashwant_Rao_Chitambar" title="Jashwant Rao Chitambar">Jashwant Rao Chitambar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._C._John" title="P. C. John">P. C. John</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._B._Masilamani" title="A. B. Masilamani">A. B. Masilamani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishna_Pal" title="Krishna Pal">Krishna Pal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Premasagar" title="Victor Premasagar">Victor Premasagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandita_Ramabai" title="Pandita Ramabai">Pandita Ramabai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakht_Singh" title="Bakht Singh">Bakht Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadhu_Sundar_Singh" class="mw-redirect" title="Sadhu Sundar Singh">Sadhu Sundar Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y._D._Tiwari" title="Y. D. Tiwari">Y. D. Tiwari</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6290051#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6290051#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6290051#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000083609620">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/17577571">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/209767/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJwmYF7rWPBFFX3hJvCCwC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1038667763">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n87896664">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb104058457">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb104058457">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35890144">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p135517427">Netherlands</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p275858065">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007272842205171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" 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href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6z6368s">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Joshua_Marshman&oldid=1257669350">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Joshua_Marshman&oldid=1257669350</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1768_births" title="Category:1768 births">1768 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1837_deaths" title="Category:1837 deaths">1837 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Westbury,_Wiltshire" title="Category:People 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