CINXE.COM

<!doctype html> <html lang="en-US"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <link rel="profile" href="https://gmpg.org/xfn/11"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin> <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Noto+Sans:ital,wght@0,100..900;1,100..900&display=swap" rel="stylesheet"> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /> <style>img:is([sizes="auto" i], [sizes^="auto," i]) { contain-intrinsic-size: 3000px 1500px }</style>  <title>Beyce臒iz Tumulus: A Middle Phrygian Cenotaph near Gordion | January 2025 (129.1) | American Journal of Archaeology</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://ajaonline.org/article/beycegiz-tumulus/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Beyce臒iz Tumulus: A Middle Phrygian Cenotaph near Gordion | January 2025 (129.1) | American Journal of Archaeology" /> <meta property="og:description" content="The Beyce臒iz Tumulus, 11.5 km east of the Phrygian capital of Gordion, was the target of multiple looting attempts, prompting a salvage excavation from 2013 to 2017 by the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations in Ankara in partnership with the Gordion Archaeological Project. Remote sensing indicated a chamber-shaped anomaly near the tumulus center, which became the […]" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://ajaonline.org/article/beycegiz-tumulus/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="American Journal of Archaeology" /> <meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/aja.journal" /> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2024-12-17T19:54:35+00:00" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://ajaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Cordivari.png" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1000" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="750" /> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/png" /> <meta name="author" content="website" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:label1" content="Written by" /> <meta name="twitter:data1" content="website" /> <meta name="twitter:label2" content="Est. reading time" /> <meta name="twitter:data2" content="1 minute" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https://ajaonline.org/article/beycegiz-tumulus/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://ajaonline.org/article/beycegiz-tumulus/"},"author":{"name":"website","@id":"https://ajaonline.org/#/schema/person/e13eb047bac90204c841c7c86378c9b1"},"headline":"Beyce臒iz Tumulus: A Middle Phrygian Cenotaph near Gordion","datePublished":"2024-12-17T19:54:35+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https://ajaonline.org/article/beycegiz-tumulus/"},"wordCount":190,"publisher":{"@id":"https://ajaonline.org/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https://ajaonline.org/article/beycegiz-tumulus/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://ajaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Cordivari.png","keywords":["Architecture","Mortuary","Landscape Archaeology","Iron Age"],"articleSection":["Article"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://ajaonline.org/article/beycegiz-tumulus/","url":"https://ajaonline.org/article/beycegiz-tumulus/","name":"Beyce臒iz Tumulus: A Middle Phrygian Cenotaph near Gordion | January 2025 (129.1) | American Journal of Archaeology","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://ajaonline.org/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://ajaonline.org/article/beycegiz-tumulus/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://ajaonline.org/article/beycegiz-tumulus/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://ajaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Cordivari.png","datePublished":"2024-12-17T19:54:35+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://ajaonline.org/article/beycegiz-tumulus/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://ajaonline.org/article/beycegiz-tumulus/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://ajaonline.org/article/beycegiz-tumulus/#primaryimage","url":"https://ajaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Cordivari.png","contentUrl":"https://ajaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Cordivari.png","width":1000,"height":750,"caption":"Entrance to the 2013 robber tunnel into the tumulus as found, with Vahap Kaya handing one of the Middle Phrygian sherds from the spoil heap to Gordion Museum guard 陌brahim Bolat, with Mehmet Akal谋n of the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations in Ankara (Z. Ut臒u)."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://ajaonline.org/article/beycegiz-tumulus/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://ajaonline.org/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Beyce臒iz Tumulus: A Middle Phrygian Cenotaph near Gordion"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://ajaonline.org/#website","url":"https://ajaonline.org/","name":"American Journal of Archaeology","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https://ajaonline.org/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://ajaonline.org/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://ajaonline.org/#organization","name":"American Journal of Archaeology","url":"https://ajaonline.org/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://ajaonline.org/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://ajaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/new-logo.svg","contentUrl":"https://ajaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/new-logo.svg","width":383,"height":65,"caption":"American Journal of Archaeology"},"image":{"@id":"https://ajaonline.org/#/schema/logo/image/"},"sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/aja.journal"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https://ajaonline.org/#/schema/person/e13eb047bac90204c841c7c86378c9b1","name":"website","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://ajaonline.org/#/schema/person/image/","url":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c49a85500de4ded2f433970a7d08cfb2?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c49a85500de4ded2f433970a7d08cfb2?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"website"},"description":"AIA web developer/manager","sameAs":["https://ajaonline.org"],"url":"https://ajaonline.org/author/website/"}]}</script>  <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//ajax.googleapis.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//www.googletagmanager.com' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="American Journal of Archaeology » Feed" href="https://ajaonline.org/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="American Journal of Archaeology » Comments Feed" href="https://ajaonline.org/comments/feed/" /> <script> window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/ajaonline.org\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.7.2"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); </script> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://ajaonline.org/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.7.2' media='all' /> <style id='safe-svg-svg-icon-style-inline-css'> .safe-svg-cover{text-align:center}.safe-svg-cover .safe-svg-inside{display:inline-block;max-width:100%}.safe-svg-cover svg{height:100%;max-height:100%;max-width:100%;width:100%} </style> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #fff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--color--blue: #3C9DBE;--wp--preset--color--gold: #CC8624;--wp--preset--color--dark: #2A2A2A;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='foobox-free-min-css' href='https://ajaonline.org/wp-content/plugins/foobox-image-lightbox/free/css/foobox.free.min.css?ver=2.7.34' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='cb-aja-style-css' href='https://ajaonline.org/wp-content/themes/cb-aja/style.css?ver=1.0.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='dashicons-css' href='https://ajaonline.org/wp-includes/css/dashicons.min.css?ver=6.7.2' media='all' /> <style id='akismet-widget-style-inline-css'> .a-stats { --akismet-color-mid-green: #357b49; --akismet-color-white: #fff; --akismet-color-light-grey: #f6f7f7; max-width: 350px; width: auto; } .a-stats * { all: unset; box-sizing: border-box; } .a-stats strong { font-weight: 600; } .a-stats a.a-stats__link, .a-stats a.a-stats__link:visited, .a-stats a.a-stats__link:active { background: var(--akismet-color-mid-green); border: none; box-shadow: none; border-radius: 8px; color: var(--akismet-color-white); cursor: pointer; display: block; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', 'Roboto', 'Oxygen-Sans', 'Ubuntu', 'Cantarell', 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif; font-weight: 500; padding: 12px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; transition: all 0.2s ease; } /* Extra specificity to deal with TwentyTwentyOne focus style */ .widget .a-stats a.a-stats__link:focus { background: var(--akismet-color-mid-green); color: var(--akismet-color-white); text-decoration: none; } .a-stats a.a-stats__link:hover { filter: brightness(110%); box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06), 0 0 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.16); } .a-stats .count { color: var(--akismet-color-white); display: block; font-size: 1.5em; line-height: 1.4; padding: 0 13px; white-space: nowrap; } </style> <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.7.1/jquery.min.js" id="jquery-js"></script> <script id="foobox-free-min-js-before"> /* Run FooBox FREE (v2.7.34) */ var FOOBOX = window.FOOBOX = { ready: true, disableOthers: false, o: {wordpress: { enabled: true }, countMessage:'image %index of %total', captions: { dataTitle: ["captionTitle","title"], dataDesc: ["captionDesc","description"] }, rel: '', excludes:'.fbx-link,.nofoobox,.nolightbox,a[href*="pinterest.com/pin/create/button/"]', affiliate : { enabled: false }}, selectors: [ ".foogallery-container.foogallery-lightbox-foobox", ".foogallery-container.foogallery-lightbox-foobox-free", ".gallery", ".wp-block-gallery", ".wp-caption", ".wp-block-image", "a:has(img[class*=wp-image-])", ".foobox" ], pre: function( $ ){ // Custom JavaScript (Pre) }, post: function( $ ){ // Custom JavaScript (Post) // Custom Captions Code }, custom: function( $ ){ // Custom Extra JS } }; </script> <script src="https://ajaonline.org/wp-content/plugins/foobox-image-lightbox/free/js/foobox.free.min.js?ver=2.7.34" id="foobox-free-min-js"></script>   <script src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=GT-MQ7M2PV" id="google_gtagjs-js" async></script> <script id="google_gtagjs-js-after"> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag("set","linker",{"domains":["ajaonline.org"]}); gtag("js", new Date()); gtag("set", "developer_id.dZTNiMT", true); gtag("config", "GT-MQ7M2PV"); window._googlesitekit = window._googlesitekit || {}; window._googlesitekit.throttledEvents = []; window._googlesitekit.gtagEvent = (name, data) => { var key = JSON.stringify( { name, data } ); if ( !! window._googlesitekit.throttledEvents[ key ] ) { return; } window._googlesitekit.throttledEvents[ key ] = true; setTimeout( () => { delete window._googlesitekit.throttledEvents[ key ]; }, 5 ); gtag( "event", name, { ...data, event_source: "site-kit" } ); } </script>  <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://ajaonline.org/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://ajaonline.org/wp-json/wp/v2/posts/10282" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://ajaonline.org/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://ajaonline.org/?p=10282' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://ajaonline.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fajaonline.org%2Farticle%2Fbeycegiz-tumulus%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://ajaonline.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fajaonline.org%2Farticle%2Fbeycegiz-tumulus%2F&format=xml" /> <style type="text/css"> ol.footnotes>li {list-style-type:decimal;} ol.footnotes { color:#666666; } ol.footnotes li { font-size:80%; } </style> <meta name="generator" content="Site Kit by Google 1.149.1" /> <script src="https://cdn.tailwindcss.com"></script> <script> tailwind.config = { theme: { extend: { colors: { clifford: '#da373d', }, screens: { 'ssm': {'raw':'(max-width:600px)'}, 'ssmd': '600px', }, width: { 120: 'calc(100% + 20px)', }, gridTemplateColumns: { 21: '2fr, 1fr', }, } } } </script> <style type="text/tailwindcss"> @layer utilities { img.size-full { height: auto; width: revert-layer; } } </style> <style> :root { --notosans: "Noto Sans", sans-serif; } body, button, input, select, optgroup, textarea { font-family: var(--nonsans, "Noto Sans", sans-serif); font-optical-sizing: auto; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variation-settings: "wdth" 100; } .swiper { width: 100%; height: 100%; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; } .swiper-slide { text-align: center; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; } .swiper-slide img { display: block; width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; } </style> </head> <body class="post-template-default single single-post postid-10282 single-format-standard wp-custom-logo no-sidebar"> <div id="page" class="site"> <a class="skip-link screen-reader-text" href="#primary">Skip to content</a> <header id="masthead" class="site-header w-full max-w-[1372px] px-[20px] md:px-[10px] mx-auto"> <div class="site-branding"> <a href="https://ajaonline.org/" class="custom-logo-link" rel="home"><img width="383" height="65" src="https://ajaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/new-logo.svg" class="custom-logo" alt="American Journal of Archaeology" decoding="async" /></a> </div> <nav id="site-navigation" class="main-navigation"> <button class="menu-toggle" aria-controls="primary-menu" aria-expanded="false"> <svg width="22" height="10" viewBox="0 0 22 10" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M1 1H21" stroke="#555555" stroke-width="1.7" stroke-linecap="round"/> <path d="M1 9H21" stroke="#555555" stroke-width="1.7" stroke-linecap="round"/> </svg> <svg class="toggled" width="22" height="17" viewBox="0 0 22 17" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M1 1H21" stroke="#555555" stroke-width="1.7" stroke-linecap="round"/> <path d="M1 16H21" stroke="#555555" stroke-width="1.7" stroke-linecap="round"/> </svg> </button> <div class="mobile_menu_container"> <searchForm><form role="search" method="get" class="search-form" action="https://ajaonline.org/"> <label> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span> <input type="search" class="search-field" placeholder="Search …" value="" name="s" /> </label> <input type="submit" class="search-submit" value="Search" /> </form></searchForm> <ul id="primary-menu" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-9179" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-home menu-item-9179"><a href="https://ajaonline.org/">Home</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9180" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9180"><a href="https://ajaonline.org/about/">About</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9184" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-9184"><a href="https://www.ajaonline.org/toc/1283/">Current Issue</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9181" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9181"><a href="https://ajaonline.org/access/">Access the AJA</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9182" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9182"><a href="https://ajaonline.org/submissions/">Author Guide</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9183" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9183"><a href="https://ajaonline.org/society/">Support the AJA</a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <form role="search" method="get" class="search-form" action="https://ajaonline.org/"> <label> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span> <input type="search" class="search-field" placeholder="Search …" value="" name="s" /> </label> <input type="submit" class="search-submit" value="Search" /> </form> </header> <main id="primary" class="site-main"> <style> h2.entry-term-title { color: #3C9DBE; font-family: "Noto Sans"; font-size: 20px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 700; line-height: normal; margin: 0 0 18px; } .mobile-feature-image { display: none; } h4.cateories { color: #555; font-family: "Noto Sans"; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 600; line-height: normal; } h1.entry-title { color: #555; font-family: "Noto Sans"; font-size: 20px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 700; line-height: normal; } header.entry-header > div a { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 6px; color: #3C9DBE; font-family: "Noto Sans"; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 600; line-height: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; } article.post { padding: 32px 140px 32px; box-shadow: 0px 1px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.16); } header.entry-header > p > a, header.entry-header > p > a:is(:hover,:focus,:focus-visible,:visited) { color: #3C9DBE; font-family: "Noto Sans"; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 600; line-height: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; } header.entry-header .link { width: max-content; float: left; margin-top: 18px; } header.entry-header .link:not(.download_free,:nth-child(5)) { margin-left:10px; } .content { color: #555; font-family: "Noto Sans"; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; line-height: normal; margin: 24px 0; } .content p { margin-bottom: 1rem; } .see-also h4 { color: #555; font-family: "Noto Sans"; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 600; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 8px; } .see-also { color: #555; font-family: 'Noto Sans'; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 600; line-height: normal; } .see-also a { color: #3C9DBE; font-family: "Noto Sans"; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 600; line-height: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; } .malt { display: flex; gap: 4px; align-items: center; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 24px 0; } .malt p { width: 100%; color: #555; font-family: "Noto Sans"; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 600; line-height: normal; } .malt a { color: #3C9DBE; font-family: "Noto Sans"; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 600; line-height: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; } .entry-content { margin: 0; } .entry-content.open_access_logo { text-align: right; padding-bottom: 45px; } .open_access { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 4px; justify-content: flex-end; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .entry-content { position: relative; } .open_access p { color: #CC8624; font-family: "Noto Sans"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 600; line-height: normal; } .open_access > a { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 4px; color: #3C9DBE; font-family: Inter; font-size: 10.739px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 600; line-height: normal; } .foobox img { margin:0 auto; padding-top: 40px; } .entry-footer { border-top: 1px solid #555; } .entry-footer a { color: #3C9DBE; font-family: "Noto Sans"; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 300; line-height: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; } footer.entry-footer { color: #555; font-family: "Noto Sans"; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 300; line-height: normal; } .entry-footer span.footer-book-title { color: #3C9DBE; font-family: "Noto Sans"; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 300; line-height: normal; } footer.entry-footer p { font-weight: 300; font-size: 12px; color: #555; } .content a { color: #3c9dbe; text-decoration: underline; } .content a:visited { color: #3c9dbe; } .wp-block-separator { margin-bottom: 1rem; } .wp-caption-text { font-size: 12px; } p.image-caption { text-align: center; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; line-height: normal; color: #555555; padding-top: 8px; } ul.wp-block-list,ol.wp-block-list { margin-left: 30px !important; margin-bottom: 15px; } ul.wp-block-list li { list-style-type: initial; } ol.wp-block-list li { list-style-type: auto; } .content ol.footnotes { padding-left: 30px !important; margin-bottom: 15px; padding-top: 24px; border-top: 1px solid #000; } h2 { font-weight: 700; font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: 10px; } h3 { font-weight: 700; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 10px; } figcaption.wp-element-caption { font-size: 12px; } .wp-block-separator { border-top: 1px solid; } @media(max-width: 767px) { article.post { padding: 0; box-shadow: none; } .mobile-feature-image { display: block; } .desktop-feature-image { display:none; } .foobox img { padding-top: 0; } } </style> <article id="post-10282" class="post-10282 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-article tag-architecture tag-mortuary tag-landscapearchaeology tag-ironage issues-959 region-turkey-central-turkey"> <div class="entry-content open_access_logo"> </div> <div class="entry-content flex flex-wrap md:flex-nowrap gap-[92px] "> <div class="flex-auto w-full md:w-2/3 flex flex-col"> <header class="entry-header"> <a class="flex w-max" href="https://ajaonline.org/toc/1291/"><h2 class="w-max entry-term-title">January 2025 (129.1)</h2></a><h4 class="cateories">Article</h4><h1 class="entry-title">Beyce臒iz Tumulus: A Middle Phrygian Cenotaph near Gordion</h1><p class="pauthers 77 text-[#000] text-[14px] font-semibold leading-normal">By <a href="https://ajaonline.org/author/richard-f-liebhart/">Richard F. Liebhart</a>, <a href="https://ajaonline.org/author/braden-w-cordivari/">Braden W. Cordivari</a>, <a href="https://ajaonline.org/author/lucas-stephens/">Lucas Stephens</a>, <a href="https://ajaonline.org/author/mustafa-metin/">Mustafa Metin</a>, and <a href="https://ajaonline.org/author/elspeth-r-m-dusinberre/">Elspeth R.M. Dusinberre</a></p> <div class="link read-article"> <a class="readArticle" href="https://doi.org/10.1086/732689" target="_blank"> <svg width="11" height="11" viewBox="0 0 11 11" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M3.16729 1.65445e-07H4.4C4.70376 1.65445e-07 4.95 0.246246 4.95 0.55C4.95 0.85376 4.70376 1.1 4.4 1.1H3.19C2.71888 1.1 2.39862 1.10043 2.15107 1.12065C1.90994 1.14035 1.78663 1.17607 1.70061 1.21989C1.49364 1.32535 1.32535 1.49364 1.21989 1.70061C1.17607 1.78663 1.14035 1.90994 1.12065 2.15107C1.10043 2.39862 1.1 2.71888 1.1 3.19V7.81C1.1 8.28113 1.10043 8.6014 1.12065 8.84895C1.14035 9.09007 1.17607 9.21338 1.21989 9.2994C1.32535 9.50637 1.49364 9.67467 1.70061 9.7801C1.78663 9.82393 1.90994 9.85963 2.15107 9.87938C2.39862 9.89956 2.71888 9.9 3.19 9.9H7.81C8.28113 9.9 8.6014 9.89956 8.84895 9.87938C9.09007 9.85963 9.21338 9.82393 9.2994 9.7801C9.50637 9.67467 9.67467 9.50637 9.7801 9.2994C9.82393 9.21338 9.85963 9.09007 9.87938 8.84895C9.89956 8.6014 9.9 8.28113 9.9 7.81V6.6C9.9 6.29624 10.1462 6.05 10.45 6.05C10.7538 6.05 11 6.29624 11 6.6V7.83272C11 8.27547 11 8.64083 10.9757 8.93849C10.9504 9.24765 10.8962 9.53183 10.7602 9.7988C10.5493 10.2127 10.2127 10.5493 9.7988 10.7602C9.53183 10.8962 9.24765 10.9504 8.93849 10.9757C8.64083 11 8.27547 11 7.83272 11H3.16727C2.72455 11 2.35915 11 2.0615 10.9757C1.75234 10.9504 1.46815 10.8962 1.20122 10.7602C0.787265 10.5493 0.450709 10.2127 0.239789 9.7988C0.103774 9.53183 0.0495661 9.24765 0.0243046 8.93849C-1.08736e-05 8.64083 -5.33456e-06 8.27547 1.65445e-07 7.83272V3.16729C-5.33456e-06 2.72455 -1.08736e-05 2.35915 0.0243046 2.0615C0.0495661 1.75234 0.103774 1.46815 0.239784 1.20122C0.450709 0.787265 0.787265 0.450709 1.20122 0.239784C1.46815 0.103774 1.75234 0.0495661 2.0615 0.0243046C2.35915 -1.08736e-05 2.72455 -5.33456e-06 3.16729 1.65445e-07ZM6.6 0.550006C6.6 0.246252 6.84624 5.67291e-06 7.15 5.67291e-06H10.45C10.7538 5.67291e-06 11 0.246252 11 0.550006V3.85001C11 4.15377 10.7538 4.4 10.45 4.4C10.1462 4.4 9.9 4.15377 9.9 3.85001V1.87783L5.88891 5.88891C5.67413 6.10368 5.32587 6.10368 5.11109 5.88891C4.89632 5.67413 4.89632 5.32587 5.11109 5.11109L9.12219 1.10001H7.15C6.84624 1.10001 6.6 0.853765 6.6 0.550006Z" fill="#CC8624"/></svg> <span class="ra">Read Article</span> </a> </div> </header> <div class="content"> <p>The Beyce臒iz Tumulus, 11.5 km east of the Phrygian capital of Gordion, was the target of multiple looting attempts, prompting a salvage excavation from 2013 to 2017 by the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations in Ankara in partnership with the Gordion Archaeological Project. Remote sensing indicated a chamber-shaped anomaly near the tumulus center, which became the focus of excavation. The anomaly turned out to be a stone platform built on bedrock, which proved to be the center of radiating guide walls that separated sediment fills used for the original construction of the tumulus. No trace of any kind of burial or ritual deposit was found. The most reasonable explanation is that the tumulus was a cenotaph. The ceramics found inside it provide a terminus post quem for its construction in the late eighth century BCE. The construction technique of the tumulus demonstrates the importance of design, planning, logistics, organization, and cooperation. Its prominence in the landscape around Gordion suggests that it was both a memorial and a visual marker on a major road leading from Gordion to the Phrygian citadel of Hac谋tu臒rul.</p> </div> <div class="mobile-feature-image d-none"> <div class="flex-auto w-full md:w-1/3 order-first md:order-none"> <a href="https://ajaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Cordivari.png" class="foobox"> <img src="https://ajaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Cordivari.png" alt="Entrance to the 2013 robber tunnel into the tumulus as found, with Vahap Kaya handing one of the Middle Phrygian sherds from the spoil heap to Gordion Museum guard 陌brahim Bolat, with Mehmet Akal谋n of the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations in Ankara (Z. Ut臒u)." /> </a> <p class="image-caption"> Entrance to the 2013 robber tunnel into the tumulus as found, with Vahap Kaya handing one of the Middle Phrygian sherds from the spoil heap to Gordion Museum guard 陌brahim Bolat, with Mehmet Akal谋n of the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations in Ankara (Z. Ut臒u). </p> </div> </div> <div class="malt"><p>More articles like this:</p><a href="https://ajaonline.org/tag/architecture/" target="_blank">Architecture</a> • <a href="https://ajaonline.org/tag/mortuary/" target="_blank">Mortuary</a> • <a href="https://ajaonline.org/tag/landscapearchaeology/" target="_blank">Landscape Archaeology</a> • <a href="https://ajaonline.org/tag/ironage/" target="_blank">Iron Age</a> • <a href="https://ajaonline.org/region/turkey-central-turkey/" target="_blank">Turkey > Central Turkey</a></div> </div> <div class="flex-auto w-full md:w-1/3 order-first md:order-none desktop-feature-image"> <a href="https://ajaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Cordivari.png" class="foobox"> <img src="https://ajaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Cordivari.png" alt="Entrance to the 2013 robber tunnel into the tumulus as found, with Vahap Kaya handing one of the Middle Phrygian sherds from the spoil heap to Gordion Museum guard 陌brahim Bolat, with Mehmet Akal谋n of the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations in Ankara (Z. Ut臒u)." /> </a> <p class="image-caption"> Entrance to the 2013 robber tunnel into the tumulus as found, with Vahap Kaya handing one of the Middle Phrygian sherds from the spoil heap to Gordion Museum guard 陌brahim Bolat, with Mehmet Akal谋n of the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations in Ankara (Z. Ut臒u). </p> </div> </div> <footer class="entry-footer flex flex-col w-full md:w-1/3 mt-[36px] py-[36px]"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1086/732689" target="_blank">Beyce臒iz Tumulus: A Middle Phrygian Cenotaph near Gordion</a><p class="pauthers 88 text-[#000] text-[14px] font-semibold leading-normal">By Richard F. Liebhart, Braden W. Cordivari, Lucas Stephens, Mustafa Metin, and Elspeth R.M. Dusinberre</p><p><i>American Journal of Archaeology</i>聽Vol. 129, No. 1 (January 2025), pp. 3-23</p><p>DOI: 10.1086/732689</p><p>漏 2025 Archaeological Institute of America</p> </footer> </article> </main> <footer id="colophon" class="site-footer w-full bg-[#2A2A2A]" style="position:relative;overflow:hidden;"> <div id="eupdate" class="footer-inner aja-update" style="position:relative;background:transparent;"> <div class="w-full max-w-[992.65px] mx-auto grid grid-cols-1 lg:grid-cols-21 py-[61px] pl-[32px] pr-[36px] md:px-[10px] lg:gap-[100px] md:gap-[4em] gap-[2rem] " style="position:relative;background:transparent;"> <style> .aja-update::before { content:''; width:100vw; height:100%; background:linear-gradient(0deg, rgba(0,0,0,0.6) 0%, rgba(0,0,0,0.6) 100%), url(https://ajaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/footer-background-aja-update.jpg) lightgray 0 -268.596px / 113.502% 227.006% no-repeat; position:absolute; left:0; top:0; z-index:0; background-size: cover; } @media(max-width:1161px) { .aja-update::before { background:linear-gradient(0deg, rgba(0,0,0,0.6) 0%, rgba(0,0,0,0.6) 100%), url(https://ajaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/footer-background-aja-update.jpg) lightgray 0 0.404px / 113.502% 227.006% no-repeat; background-size: cover; } } @media only screen and (max-width:767px){ .aja-update::before { transform:translatex(0); background:linear-gradient(0deg, rgba(0,0,0,0.6) 0%, rgba(0,0,0,0.6) 100%), url(https://ajaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/footer-background-aja-update.jpg) lightgray 0 0 / 113.502% 227.006% no-repeat; background-size: cover; } } </style> <div class="flex flex-col gap-[2rem] justify-center z-10 aja_update_left"> <img width="310" height="44" src="https://ajaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/AJA-e-Update.svg" class="attachment-full size-full" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /><p class="text-white md:text-xl font-normal leading-[normal] text-center md:text-left">Subscribe to our email-only monthly newsletter highlighting the journal鈥檚 current table of contents and open access material, such as book reviews.</p> <input type="email" name="aja_email" id="aja_email" placeholder="Enter E-mail" class="form-input px-4 py-3 rounded-full hidden md:block" /> <button class="flex items-center text-center text-[#FFFFFF!important] hover:text-white bg-[#CC8624!important] hover:bg-[#CC8624!important] text-base leading-[normal] font-light focus:outline-0 p-[13px_24px] md:hidden border-0 w-max mx-auto" id="updateForm">Join the e-update!</button> </div> <div id="mc_embed_shell" class="hidden md:flex"> <link href="//cdn-images.mailchimp.com/embedcode/classic-061523.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"> <div id="mc_embed_signup"> <form action="https://archaeological.us5.list-manage.com/subscribe/post?u=30cf20214e57f56c348c6e6d7&id=640baf0738&f_id=0099a5e0f0" method="post" id="mc-embedded-subscribe-form" name="mc-embedded-subscribe-form" class="validate" target="_self" novalidate=""> <div id="mc_embed_signup_scroll"> <div class="mc-field-group"><label for="mce-EMAIL">Email Address</label><input type="email" name="EMAIL" class="required email" id="mce-EMAIL" required="" value=""></div> <div class="mc-field-group input-group"><strong>Check to receive e-Updates for: </strong></p> <ul> <li><input type="checkbox" name="group[29664][4]" id="mce-group[29664]-29664-3" value="" checked><label for="mce-group[29664]-29664-3">AJA e-Update</label></li> <li><input type="checkbox" name="group[29664][1]" id="mce-group[29664]-29664-0" value=""><label for="mce-group[29664]-29664-0">AIA e-Update</label></li> <li><input type="checkbox" name="group[29664][32]" id="mce-group[29664]-29664-4" value=""><label for="mce-group[29664]-29664-4">Fieldnotes: Professional Newsletter</label></li> <li><input type="checkbox" name="group[29664][2]" id="mce-group[29664]-29664-2" value=""><label for="mce-group[29664]-29664-2">Archaeology e-Update</label></li> </ul> </div> <div class="mc-field-group input-group"><strong>Would you like to receive periodic mailings with information on new products and services offered by our advertisers and sponsors?</strong></p> <ul> <li><input type="radio" name="ADVERTS" id="mce-ADVERTS0" value="Yes"><label for="mce-ADVERTS0">Yes</label></li> <li><input type="radio" name="ADVERTS" id="mce-ADVERTS1" value="No"><label for="mce-ADVERTS1">No</label></li> </ul> </div> <div id="mce-responses" class="clear"> <div class="response" id="mce-error-response" style="display: none;"></div> <div class="response" id="mce-success-response" style="display: none;"></div> </p></div> <div aria-hidden="true" style="position: absolute; left: -5000px;"><input type="text" name="b_30cf20214e57f56c348c6e6d7_640baf0738" tabindex="-1" value=""></div> <div class="clear"><input type="submit" name="subscribe" id="mc-embedded-subscribe" class="button" value="Join the e-Update"></div> </p></div> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="footer-bottom grid gap-[44px] md:gap-[4em] pt-[53.34px] px-[10px] pb-[61.54px] max-w-[1372px] mx-auto" style="grid-template-areas: 'f_image f_menu f_menu f_menu f_menu f_logo' 'f_image f_desc f_desc f_desc f_desc f_info';"> <style> @media only screen and (max-width:767px){ .footer-bottom { grid-template-areas: 'f_menu' 'f_logo' 'f_info' !important ; } } </style> <div class="footer-image hidden md:block" style="grid-area:f_image;"> <a href="https://ajaonline.org/toc/1292/"><img width="345" height="446" src="https://ajaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/1292_Cover.png" class="attachment-full size-full wp-post-image" alt="AJA 129.2 - April 2025" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://ajaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/1292_Cover.png 345w, https://ajaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/1292_Cover-232x300.png 232w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 345px) 100vw, 345px" /></a> </div> <div class="menu-footer-menu-container" style="grid-area:f_menu;"><ul id="menu-footer-menu" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-9185" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-9185"><a href="https://ajaonline.org/about/">About</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-9194" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9194"><a href="https://ajaonline.org/about/">Who We Are</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9195" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-book menu-item-9195"><a href="https://ajaonline.org/submissions/editorial-policy/">Editorial Policy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9192" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9192"><a href="https://ajaonline.org/history/">Historical Timeline</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9193" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9193"><a href="https://ajaonline.org/society/">How to Support</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-9186" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-9186"><a href="https://ajaonline.org/access/">Access</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-9912" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9912"><a href="https://ajaonline.org/access/">Subscribe</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9196" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9196"><a href="https://ajaonline.org/openaccess/">Open Access</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9197" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9197"><a href="https://ajaonline.org/archive/">Archive</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9200" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-9200"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/toc/aja/current">UCP</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9199" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-9199"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.jstor.org/journal/amerjarch">JSTOR</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-9187" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-9187"><a href="https://ajaonline.org/submissions/">Submissions</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-9203" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-book menu-item-9203"><a href="https://ajaonline.org/submissions/submission-guidelines/">Guidelines</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9202" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-book menu-item-9202"><a href="https://ajaonline.org/submissions/manuscript-preparation/">Manuscript Preparation</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9201" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-book menu-item-9201"><a href="https://ajaonline.org/submissions/forms/">Forms and Checklists</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9204" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-9204"><a href="/books">Books Available for Review</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-9188" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-9188"><a href="https://ajaonline.org/contacts/">Contacts & FAQ</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-9205" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-9205"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.editorialmanager.com/ajaonline/">Submission Site</a></li> <li id="menu-item-10247" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-10247"><a href="https://ajaonline.org/advertise/">Advertise</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9207" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9207"><a href="https://ajaonline.org/permissions/">Permissions & Reprints</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul></div> <div class="footer-socials" style="grid-area:f_logo;"> <img width="271" height="52" src="https://ajaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/footer-logo.svg" class="attachment-full size-full" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /><div class="socials"><a class="social_share" href="https://www.facebook.com/aja.journal"><span class="dashicons dashicons-facebook-alt social-icon"></span></a><a class="social_share" href="https://www.ajaonline.org/feed/"><span class="dashicons dashicons-rss social-icon"></span></a></div> </div> <div class="footer_bottom_desc hidden md:block" style="grid-area:f_desc;"> <p>The聽American Journal of Archaeology聽stands in solidarity with Black, Indigenous, and People of Color against systemic injustice in North America and throughout the world. The Journal fully endorses the聽<a href="https://www.archaeological.org/aia-statement-on-archaeology-and-social-justice/">AIA Statement on Archaeology and Social Justice</a>.</p> </div> <div class="site-info" style="grid-area:f_info;"> <div class="menu-contact-menu-container"><ul id="menu-contact-menu" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-10248" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-10248"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.archaeological.org/about/privacy/">Privacy Policy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9191" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9191"><a href="https://ajaonline.org/contacts/">Contact Us</a></li> </ul></div> <div class="copyright"> © 2025 <a href="https://archaeological.org/"> Archaeological Institute of America</a> <br/> Website: <a href="https://castlebuilder.com">Castle Builder Design</a> </div> </div> </div> </footer> </div> <script src="https://ajaonline.org/wp-content/themes/cb-aja/js/navigation.js?ver=1.0.0" id="cb-aja-navigation-js"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function($) { // if(window.screen.width < 768){ // $('#mc_embed_shell').hide(); // } // $(window).on('resize',function(){ // if(window.screen.width < 768){ // $('#mc_embed_shell').hide(); // } else { // $('#mc_embed_shell').show(); // } // }); $('#menu-item-9184 a').attr('href','https://ajaonline.org/toc/1292/'); $('.menu-item-has-children > a').click(function(event) { event.preventDefault(); $(this).siblings('.sub-menu').slideToggle('fast'); $(this).toggleClass('menu-open'); }); // $('#updateForm').on('click', function(event){ // event.preventDefault(); // $(this).hide(); // $('#mc_embed_shell').show(); // }); // $(document).on('click', function(){ // $('#mc_embed_shell').slideUp(400); // $('#updateForm').show(); // }); // $('#mc_embed_shell').on('click', function(event){ // event.stopPropagation(); // }); }); document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded',function(){ document.querySelector('#updateForm').addEventListener('click',function(e){ e.preventDefault(); this.style.display = 'none'; document.querySelector('#mc_embed_shell').style.display = 'flex'; }); }); </script> </body> </html>