CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Piotrków Trybunalski - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"4381ac91-da40-4f6e-9d70-6224718249bc","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Piotrków_Trybunalski","wgTitle":"Piotrków Trybunalski","wgCurRevisionId":1251969428,"wgRevisionId":1251969428,"wgArticleId":386723,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas","Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments","Pages using the Phonos extension","CS1: long volume value","CS1 Polish-language sources (pl)","Articles needing additional references from September 2024","All articles needing additional references","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Coordinates on Wikidata","Commons category link is on Wikidata","Articles with Polish-language sources (pl)", "Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the Encyclopedia Americana with a Wikisource reference","Piotrków Trybunalski","Cities and towns in Łódź Voivodeship","City counties of Poland","Holocaust locations in Poland"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Piotrków_Trybunalski","wgRelevantArticleId":386723,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000,"wgCoordinates":{"lat":51.4 ,"lon":19.683333333333334},"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q158004","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.phonos.styles":"ready","ext.phonos.icons":"ready","mediawiki.page.gallery.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready", "jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.phonos.init","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking" ];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.phonos.icons%2Cstyles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cmediawiki.page.gallery.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Market_Square_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg/1200px-Market_Square_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="750"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Market_Square_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg/800px-Market_Square_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="500"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Market_Square_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg/640px-Market_Square_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="400"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Piotrków Trybunalski - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Piotrków_Trybunalski rootpage-Piotrków_Trybunalski skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Piotrk%C3%B3w+Trybunalski" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Piotrk%C3%B3w+Trybunalski" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Piotrk%C3%B3w+Trybunalski" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Piotrk%C3%B3w+Trybunalski" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology_and_other_names" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_and_other_names"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Etymology and other names</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_and_other_names-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Location,_demographics_and_statistics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Location,_demographics_and_statistics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Location, demographics and statistics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Location,_demographics_and_statistics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Middle_Ages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Middle_Ages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Middle Ages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Middle_Ages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Modern period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-World_War_II" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_War_II"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>World War II</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_War_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recent_times" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recent_times"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Recent times</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recent_times-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transport-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transport subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Roads" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roads"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Roads</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roads-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Airports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Airports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Airports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Airports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Educational_institutions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Educational_institutions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Educational institutions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Educational_institutions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Politics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Politics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Politics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Piotrków_Trybunalski/Skierniewice_constituency" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Piotrków_Trybunalski/Skierniewice_constituency"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Piotrków Trybunalski/Skierniewice constituency</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Piotrków_Trybunalski/Skierniewice_constituency-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>International relations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-International_relations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle International relations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-International_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Twin_towns_–_sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twin_towns_–_sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Twin towns – sister cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Twin_towns_–_sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Image_gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Image_gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Image gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Image_gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Piotrków Trybunalski</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 56 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-56" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">56 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%88%D9%81_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%8A" title="بيوتركوف تريبونالسكي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بيوتركوف تريبونالسكي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%81_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="پیوترکوف تربونالسکی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="پیوترکوف تربونالسکی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Piotrków Trybunalski – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Piotrków Trybunalski" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%91%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B2-%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Пётркув-Трыбунальски – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Пётркув-Трыбунальски" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%91%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E_%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Пётркаў Трыбунальскі – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Пётркаў Трыбунальскі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%91%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E_%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Пётркаў Трыбунальскі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Пётркаў Трыбунальскі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%8C%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Пьотърков Трибуналски – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Пьотърков Трибуналски" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_(kapital_sa_powiat)" title="Piotrków Trybunalski (kapital sa powiat) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Piotrków Trybunalski (kapital sa powiat)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Piotrków Trybunalski – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Piotrków Trybunalski" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Piotrków Trybunalski – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Piotrków Trybunalski" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Piotrków Trybunalski – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Piotrków Trybunalski" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Piotrków Trybunalski – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Piotrków Trybunalski" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Piotrków Trybunalski – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Piotrków Trybunalski" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B9%CF%8C%CF%84%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%86_%CE%A4%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%AC%CE%BB%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%B9" title="Πιότρκουφ Τριμπουνάλσκι – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πιότρκουφ Τριμπουνάλσκι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Piotrków Trybunalski – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Piotrków Trybunalski" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Piotrków Trybunalski – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Piotrków Trybunalski" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Piotrków Trybunalski – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Piotrków Trybunalski" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%81_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="پیوترکوف تربونالسکی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پیوترکوف تربونالسکی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Piotrków Trybunalski – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Piotrków Trybunalski" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Piotrków Trybunalski – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Piotrków Trybunalski" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%BC%EC%98%A4%ED%8A%B8%EB%A5%B4%EC%BF%A0%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8%EB%A6%AC%EB%B6%80%EB%82%A0%EC%8A%A4%ED%82%A4" title="피오트르쿠프트리부날스키 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="피오트르쿠프트리부날스키" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Piotrków Trybunalski – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Piotrków Trybunalski" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Piotrków Trybunalski – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Piotrków Trybunalski" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Piotrków Trybunalski – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Piotrków Trybunalski" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petricovia_Tribunal" title="Petricovia Tribunal – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Petricovia Tribunal" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Piotrków Trybunalski – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Piotrków Trybunalski" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%95%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%91_%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%9C%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%99" title="פיוטרקוב טריבונלסקי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פיוטרקוב טריבונלסקי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Piotrków Trybunalski – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Piotrków Trybunalski" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pjotrkova_Tribunalska" title="Pjotrkova Tribunalska – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Pjotrkova Tribunalska" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrakavas" title="Petrakavas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Petrakavas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Piotrków Trybunalski – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Piotrków Trybunalski" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%88%D9%81_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%89" title="بيوتركوف تريبونالسكى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بيوتركوف تريبونالسكى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrkow_Trybunalski" title="Piotrkow Trybunalski – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Piotrkow Trybunalski" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%91%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B2_%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Пётркув Трыбунальски – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Пётркув Трыбунальски" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Piotrków Trybunalski – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Piotrków Trybunalski" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%94%E3%83%A7%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AF%E3%83%95%E3%83%BB%E3%83%88%E3%83%AB%E3%82%A3%E3%83%96%E3%83%8A%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B9%E3%82%AD" title="ピョートルクフ・トルィブナルスキ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ピョートルクフ・トルィブナルスキ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Piotrków Trybunalski – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Piotrków Trybunalski" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Piotrków Trybunalski – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Piotrków Trybunalski" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Piotrków Trybunalski – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Piotrków Trybunalski" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Piotrków Trybunalski – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Piotrków Trybunalski" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%91%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B2-%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Пётркув-Трыбунальски – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пётркув-Трыбунальски" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Piotrków Trybunalski – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Piotrków Trybunalski" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Piotrków Trybunalski – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Piotrków Trybunalski" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Piotrków Trybunalski – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Piotrków Trybunalski" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%98%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Пјотрков Трибуналски – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Пјотрков Трибуналски" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Piotrków Trybunalski – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Piotrków Trybunalski" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Piotrków Trybunalski – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Piotrków Trybunalski" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Piotrków Trybunalski – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Piotrków Trybunalski" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%91%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B2-%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Пётркув-Трыбунальски – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Пётркув-Трыбунальски" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5" title="ปียอตร์กุฟตรือบูนัลสกี – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ปียอตร์กุฟตรือบูนัลสกี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Piotrków Trybunalski – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Piotrków Trybunalski" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B9%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B2-%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Пйотркув-Трибунальський – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Пйотркув-Трибунальський" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Piotrków Trybunalski – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Piotrków Trybunalski" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Piotrków Trybunalski – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Piotrków Trybunalski" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%A2%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%95%D7%95" title="פיעטרקאוו – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="פיעטרקאוו" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BD%BC%E5%BE%97%E5%BA%AB%E5%A4%AB-%E7%89%B9%E9%9B%B7%E5%B8%83%E7%B4%8D%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%E5%9F%BA" title="彼得庫夫-特雷布納爾斯基 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="彼得庫夫-特雷布納爾斯基" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q158004#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski&oldid=1251969428" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski&id=1251969428&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPiotrk%25C3%25B3w_Trybunalski"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPiotrk%25C3%25B3w_Trybunalski"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikivoyage mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" hreflang="en"><span>Wikivoyage</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q158004" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski&params=51_24_N_19_41_E_region:PL_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°24′N</span> <span class="longitude">19°41′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.400°N 19.683°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.400; 19.683</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Petrikau" redirects here. For the town in Belarus, see <a href="/wiki/Pyetrykaw" title="Pyetrykaw">Pyetrykaw</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Special:EditPage/Piotrków Trybunalski">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Piotrk%C3%B3w+Trybunalski%22">"Piotrków Trybunalski"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Piotrk%C3%B3w+Trybunalski%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Piotrk%C3%B3w+Trybunalski%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Piotrk%C3%B3w+Trybunalski%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Piotrk%C3%B3w+Trybunalski%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Piotrk%C3%B3w+Trybunalski%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Place in Łódź Voivodeship, Poland</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Piotrków Trybunalski</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="background-color:#ffffff;border-collapse:collapse;border:0px solid black;width:270px;display:table;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:2px 0 0 2px"><div style="display:table;background-color:#ffffff;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Market_Square_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Market Square"><img alt="Market Square" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Market_Square_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg/270px-Market_Square_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Market_Square_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg/405px-Market_Square_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Market_Square_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg/540px-Market_Square_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3116" data-file-height="1947" /></a></span></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:#ffffff;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Castle_in_Piotrkow_Trybunalski_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Royal Castle"><img alt="Royal Castle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Castle_in_Piotrkow_Trybunalski_02.jpg/134px-Castle_in_Piotrkow_Trybunalski_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="134" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Castle_in_Piotrkow_Trybunalski_02.jpg/201px-Castle_in_Piotrkow_Trybunalski_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Castle_in_Piotrkow_Trybunalski_02.jpg/268px-Castle_in_Piotrkow_Trybunalski_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2534" data-file-height="1901" /></a></span></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:220913_Church_Our_Lady_of_the_Angels_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_-_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Exaltation of the Holy Cross church and Bernardine Monastery"><img alt="Exaltation of the Holy Cross church and Bernardine Monastery" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/220913_Church_Our_Lady_of_the_Angels_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_-_01.jpg/134px-220913_Church_Our_Lady_of_the_Angels_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_-_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="134" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/220913_Church_Our_Lady_of_the_Angels_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_-_01.jpg/201px-220913_Church_Our_Lady_of_the_Angels_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_-_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/220913_Church_Our_Lady_of_the_Angels_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_-_01.jpg/268px-220913_Church_Our_Lady_of_the_Angels_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_-_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4666" data-file-height="3500" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-caption"><small>Left to right: Market Square, <a href="/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_Castle" title="Piotrków Trybunalski Castle">Royal Castle</a>, Holy Cross Church and Bernardine Monastery</small></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:POL_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_flag_1.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Piotrków Trybunalski"><img alt="Flag of Piotrków Trybunalski" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/POL_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_flag_1.svg/100px-POL_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_flag_1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/POL_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_flag_1.svg/150px-POL_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_flag_1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/POL_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_flag_1.svg/200px-POL_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_flag_1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="502" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:POL_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_COA.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Piotrków Trybunalski"><img alt="Coat of arms of Piotrków Trybunalski" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/POL_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_COA.svg/89px-POL_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_COA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="89" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/POL_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_COA.svg/134px-POL_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_COA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/POL_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_COA.svg/179px-POL_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_COA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="560" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Coat of arms</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Piotrkow_Trybunalski_logo_2018.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Official logo of Piotrków Trybunalski"><img alt="Official logo of Piotrków Trybunalski" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/Piotrkow_Trybunalski_logo_2018.jpg/100px-Piotrkow_Trybunalski_logo_2018.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/Piotrkow_Trybunalski_logo_2018.jpg/150px-Piotrkow_Trybunalski_logo_2018.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/Piotrkow_Trybunalski_logo_2018.jpg/200px-Piotrkow_Trybunalski_logo_2018.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1249" data-file-height="316" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Poland_adm_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Piotrków Trybunalski is located in Poland"><img alt="Piotrków Trybunalski is located in Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Poland_adm_location_map.svg/250px-Poland_adm_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Poland_adm_location_map.svg/375px-Poland_adm_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Poland_adm_location_map.svg/500px-Poland_adm_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="861" data-file-height="837" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:58.462%;left:54.981%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Piotrków Trybunalski"><img alt="Piotrków Trybunalski" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:4px;left:-3em"><div>Piotrków Trybunalski</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski&params=51_24_N_19_41_E_region:PL_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°24′N</span> <span class="longitude">19°41′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.400°N 19.683°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.400; 19.683</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Voivodeships_of_Poland" title="Voivodeships of Poland">Voivodeship</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%82%C3%B3dzkie_1_flag.svg/23px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%82%C3%B3dzkie_1_flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%82%C3%B3dzkie_1_flag.svg/35px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%82%C3%B3dzkie_1_flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%82%C3%B3dzkie_1_flag.svg/46px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%82%C3%B3dzkie_1_flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA_Voivodeship" title="Łódź Voivodeship">Łódź</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Polish_counties" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Polish counties">County</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>city county</i></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">before 1217</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Town rights</th><td class="infobox-data">13th century</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Mayor</th><td class="infobox-data">Juliusz Wiernicki (<a href="/wiki/Civic_Coalition_(Poland)" title="Civic Coalition (Poland)">KO</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">67.27 km<sup>2</sup> (25.97 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(31 December 2021)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">71,252 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span><sup id="cite_ref-population_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B1" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+1">UTC+1</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Time" title="Central European Time">CET</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B2" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+2">UTC+2</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Summer_Time" title="Central European Summer Time">CEST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Postal code</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">97–300 to 97–312</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbering_plan" title="Telephone numbering plan">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">+48 044</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plates_of_Poland" title="Vehicle registration plates of Poland">Car plates</a></th><td class="infobox-data">EP</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Highways_in_Poland" title="Highways in Poland">Highways</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/A1_autostrada_(Poland)" title="A1 autostrada (Poland)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/A1-PL.svg/32px-A1-PL.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/A1-PL.svg/48px-A1-PL.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/A1-PL.svg/64px-A1-PL.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="943" data-file-height="478" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Expressway_S8_(Poland)" title="Expressway S8 (Poland)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/S8-PL.svg/32px-S8-PL.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/S8-PL.svg/48px-S8-PL.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/S8-PL.svg/64px-S8-PL.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="975" data-file-height="478" /></a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/National_roads_in_Poland" title="National roads in Poland">National roads</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DK12-PL.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/DK12-PL.svg/32px-DK12-PL.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/DK12-PL.svg/48px-DK12-PL.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/DK12-PL.svg/64px-DK12-PL.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="943" data-file-height="478" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DK74-PL.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/DK74-PL.svg/32px-DK74-PL.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/DK74-PL.svg/48px-DK74-PL.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/DK74-PL.svg/64px-DK74-PL.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="943" data-file-height="478" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/National_road_91_(Poland)" title="National road 91 (Poland)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/DK91-PL.svg/32px-DK91-PL.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/DK91-PL.svg/48px-DK91-PL.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/DK91-PL.svg/64px-DK91-PL.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="943" data-file-height="478" /></a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.piotrkow.pl">http://www.piotrkow.pl</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Piotrków Trybunalski</b> (<span class="IPA" lang="pl-fonipa" style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Polish" title="Help:IPA/Polish">[ˈpʲɔtrkuf trɨbuˈnalskʲi]</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/c\/cc\/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_pronounciation.ogg\/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_pronounciation.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Piotrk\u00f3w Trybunalski pronounciation.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_pronounciation.ogg/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_pronounciation.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_pronounciation.ogg" title="File:Piotrków Trybunalski pronounciation.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span>; also known by <a href="#Etymology">alternative names</a>), often simplified to <b>Piotrków</b>, is a <a href="/wiki/City" title="City">city</a> in central <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> with 71,252 inhabitants (2021).<sup id="cite_ref-population_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is the capital of <a href="/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_County" title="Piotrków County">Piotrków County</a> and the second-largest city in the <a href="/wiki/%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA_Voivodeship" title="Łódź Voivodeship">Łódź Voivodeship</a>. </p><p>Founded in the late <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>, Piotrków was once a <a href="/wiki/Royal_city_in_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal city in Poland">royal city</a> and holds an important place in Polish history; the first <a href="/wiki/Sejm_of_the_Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian_Commonwealth" title="Sejm of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth">parliament</a> sitting was held here in the 15th century. It then became the seat of a <a href="/wiki/Crown_Tribunal" title="Crown Tribunal">Crown Tribunal</a>, the highest court of the <a href="/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian_Commonwealth" title="Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth">Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth</a>. The city also hosted one of Poland's oldest <a href="/wiki/History_of_Jews_in_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Jews in Poland">Jewish communities</a>, which was entirely destroyed by the <a href="/wiki/Holocaust" class="mw-redirect" title="Holocaust">Holocaust</a>. The old town in Piotrków features many historical and architectural monuments, including <a href="/wiki/Tenements" class="mw-redirect" title="Tenements">tenements</a>, churches, synagogues and the medieval <a href="/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_Castle" title="Piotrków Trybunalski Castle">Royal Castle</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology_and_other_names">Etymology and other names <span class="anchor" id="Etymology"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology and other names"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to tradition, but not confirmed by historical sources, Piotrków was founded by Piotr Włostowic, a powerful 12th century magnate from <a href="/wiki/Silesia" title="Silesia">Silesia</a>. The name of the city comes from the <a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a> version of the name <a href="/wiki/Peter_(first_name)" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter (first name)">Peter</a> (<i>Piotr</i>), in a diminutive form (<i>Piotrek</i>, or "Pete"). <i>Trybunalski</i> indicates that <a href="/wiki/Tribunal" title="Tribunal">tribunal</a> sessions (including the <a href="/wiki/Crown_Tribunal" title="Crown Tribunal">Crown Tribunal</a>) were held in the town. The town has been known in <a href="/wiki/Yiddish_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Yiddish language">Yiddish</a> as פּעטריקעװ or <i>Petrikev</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-Beider_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Beider-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a> as <i>Petrikau</i>, and in <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a> as Петроков or <i>Petrokov</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Location,_demographics_and_statistics"><span id="Location.2C_demographics_and_statistics"></span>Location, demographics and statistics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Location, demographics and statistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PL_Piotrkow_Tryb_Park_Poniatowskiego_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/PL_Piotrkow_Tryb_Park_Poniatowskiego_01.jpg/220px-PL_Piotrkow_Tryb_Park_Poniatowskiego_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/PL_Piotrkow_Tryb_Park_Poniatowskiego_01.jpg/330px-PL_Piotrkow_Tryb_Park_Poniatowskiego_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/PL_Piotrkow_Tryb_Park_Poniatowskiego_01.jpg/440px-PL_Piotrkow_Tryb_Park_Poniatowskiego_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3593" data-file-height="2358" /></a><figcaption>Poniatowski Park</figcaption></figure> <p>Piotrków Trybunalski is situated in the middle-west part (Piotrków Plains) of the Łódź Uplands. The population of the city is approximately 80,000 and its area is nearly 68 square kilometres (26 sq mi). The landscape of the Piotrków region and its geological structure was formed during the glaciation of 180,000–128,000 years ago. There are hardly any forests on the Piotrków Plains. </p><p>Two rivers cross the region, the Wolbórka and the <a href="/wiki/Luci%C4%85%C5%BCa" class="mw-redirect" title="Luciąża">Luciąża</a>, which with their tributaries flow into the <a href="/wiki/Pilica_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Pilica River">Pilica River</a> and belong to the catchment area of the <a href="/wiki/Vistula_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Vistula River">Vistula River</a>. The watershed of Poland's two main rivers, the Vistula and the <a href="/wiki/Oder_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Oder River">Oder (Odra)</a>, runs along the <a href="/wiki/Meridional_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Meridional line">meridional line</a> three km west of Piotrków. Two small rivers, the Strawa and the Strawka flow through the city, and it is between their valleys that the first settlement of Piotrków was founded in the <a href="/wiki/Early_Middle_Ages" title="Early Middle Ages">early Middle Ages</a>. Recently two more rivers have been included within the boundary of the city area—the Wierzejka, which in the western part of the city forms a reservoir, and the Śrutowy Dołek to the south of Piotrków. </p><p>The city is 200 m (656.17 <a href="/wiki/Foot_(unit)" title="Foot (unit)">ft</a>) <a href="/wiki/Above_mean_sea_level" class="mw-redirect" title="Above mean sea level">above sea level</a>. The average temperature during the year is about 8 °C (46 °F), the coldest month is January (ranging from −20 to 2.5 °C (−4.0 to 36.5 °F)), the warmest is July (with 18 °C (64 °F) on average). Yearly rainfall is from 550 to 600 mm (22 to 24 in). The sandy soil of the region is not fertile. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Middle_Ages">Middle Ages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Middle Ages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the early Middle Ages the Piotrków region was part of the province of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_%C5%81%C4%99czyca" title="Duchy of Łęczyca">Łęczyca</a> of Poland ruled by the <a href="/wiki/Piast_dynasty" title="Piast dynasty">Piast dynasty</a>. In <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1264</span> it became part of a separate principality. The foundation of the city and its development were connected with its geographical position and the advantageous arrangement of the roads linking the provinces of Poland in Piast times. At first, a market town and a place of the princes' <a href="/wiki/Tribunal" title="Tribunal">tribunals</a> (in the 13th and 15th centuries), Piotrków became an administrative center (the capital of the district since 1418), and in later centuries it also became an important political center in Poland. The first record of Piotrków is in a document issued in 1217 by Polish monarch <a href="/wiki/Leszek_I_the_White" class="mw-redirect" title="Leszek I the White">Leszek I the White</a>, where there is a mention of the duke's tribunal held "in Petrecoue". Medieval Piotrków was a trading place on the trade routes from <a href="/wiki/Pomerania" title="Pomerania">Pomerania</a> to <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary" title="Kingdom of Hungary">Hungary</a>, and later from <a href="/wiki/Masovia" class="mw-redirect" title="Masovia">Masovia</a> to <a href="/wiki/Silesia" title="Silesia">Silesia</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Poland_Medal_400_Years_Royal_Tribunal_1978.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Poland_Medal_400_Years_Royal_Tribunal_1978.jpg/220px-Poland_Medal_400_Years_Royal_Tribunal_1978.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Poland_Medal_400_Years_Royal_Tribunal_1978.jpg/330px-Poland_Medal_400_Years_Royal_Tribunal_1978.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Poland_Medal_400_Years_Royal_Tribunal_1978.jpg/440px-Poland_Medal_400_Years_Royal_Tribunal_1978.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1322" data-file-height="645" /></a><figcaption>Polish medallion from 1978 commemorating the 400th anniversary of the Crown Tribunal, then the highest court of Poland in Piotrków Trybunalski.</figcaption></figure> <p>During the 13th century, apart from the tribunals, Polish provincial princes made Piotrków the seat of some assemblies of the <a href="/wiki/Sieradz" title="Sieradz">Sieradz</a> knights, which according to historical sources were held in 1233, in 1241, and in 1291. It might have been during the 1291 assembly that the Prince of Sieradz, <a href="/wiki/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_I_the_Elbow-high" class="mw-redirect" title="Władysław I the Elbow-high">Władysław I the Elbow-high</a>, granted Piotrków <a href="/wiki/German_town_law" title="German town law">civic rights</a>, because in documents from the beginning of the 14th century he mentions "civitate nostra Petricouiensi". </p><p>The first certificate of foundation and the other documents were burnt in a great fire which destroyed the city around 1400. The privileges and rights were re-granted by King <a href="/wiki/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_II_Jagie%C5%82%C5%82o" title="Władysław II Jagiełło">Władysław II Jagiełło</a> in 1404. The city walls were built during the reign of King <a href="/wiki/Casimir_III_the_Great" title="Casimir III the Great">Casimir III the Great</a>, and after the great fire, they were rebuilt at the beginning of the 15th century. During the reign of Casimir III, many expelled German <a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jews</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> migrated to the town, which grew to have one of the largest Jewish settlements in the kingdom. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Castle_in_Piotrkow_Trybunalski_03.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Castle_in_Piotrkow_Trybunalski_03.jpg/220px-Castle_in_Piotrkow_Trybunalski_03.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Castle_in_Piotrkow_Trybunalski_03.jpg/330px-Castle_in_Piotrkow_Trybunalski_03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Castle_in_Piotrkow_Trybunalski_03.jpg/440px-Castle_in_Piotrkow_Trybunalski_03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3512" data-file-height="2377" /></a><figcaption>Gothic-Renaissance <a href="/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_Castle" title="Piotrków Trybunalski Castle">Royal Castle</a>, now a museum</figcaption></figure> <p>Between 1354 and 1567 the city held general assemblies of Polish knights, and general or elective meetings of the Polish <a href="/wiki/Sejm_of_the_Republic_of_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Sejm of the Republic of Poland">Sejm</a> (during the latter Polish kings of the <a href="/wiki/Jagiellon_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Jagiellon dynasty">Jagiellon dynasty</a> were elected there). In Piotrków, two <a href="/wiki/Grand_Master_of_the_Teutonic_Order" title="Grand Master of the Teutonic Order">Grand Masters of the Teutonic Order</a> pledged allegiance to Polish King <a href="/wiki/Casimir_IV_Jagiellon" title="Casimir IV Jagiellon">Casimir IV Jagiellon</a> in 1469 and 1470. It was in the city of Piotrków that the Polish Parliament was given its final structure with the division into an Upper House and Lower Chamber in 1493. King <a href="/wiki/John_I_Albert" title="John I Albert">John I Albert</a> published his "Piotrków privilege" on 26 May 1493, which expanded the privileges of the <i><a href="/wiki/Szlachta" title="Szlachta">szlachta</a></i> (nobility) at the expense of the <a href="/wiki/Bourgeoisie" title="Bourgeoisie">bourgeoisie</a> and the peasantry. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_period">Modern period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Modern period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Piotrków became part of the <a href="/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian_Commonwealth" title="Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth">Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth</a> in 1569. When the seat of the Parliament was moved to <a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a>, the town became the seat of the highest court of Poland, the <a href="/wiki/Crown_Tribunal" title="Crown Tribunal">Crown Tribunal</a>, and trials were held there from 1578 to 1793; the highest Lithuanian court was held in <a href="/wiki/Grodno" title="Grodno">Grodno</a>. Piotrków's Jewish population was expelled in 1578 and only allowed back a century later. The town became a post station in 1684. Around 1705, German settlers (often <a href="/wiki/Swabia" title="Swabia">Swabians</a>) arrived in the town's vicinity and founded villages; they largely retained their customs and language until <a href="/wiki/Flight_and_expulsion_of_Germans_from_Poland_during_and_after_World_War_II" title="Flight and expulsion of Germans from Poland during and after World War II">their expulsion</a> in 1945. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Piotrkow_in_1657.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Piotrkow_in_1657.jpg/220px-Piotrkow_in_1657.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Piotrkow_in_1657.jpg/330px-Piotrkow_in_1657.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Piotrkow_in_1657.jpg/440px-Piotrkow_in_1657.jpg 2x" data-file-width="10065" data-file-height="4331" /></a><figcaption>Piotrków in 1657</figcaption></figure> <p>While the importance of Piotrków in the political life of the country had contributed to its development in the 16th century, the city declined in the 17th and 18th centuries, due to fires, epidemics, <a href="/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Swedish_wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Polish–Swedish wars">wars against Sweden</a>, and finally the <a href="/wiki/Partitions_of_Poland" title="Partitions of Poland">Partitions of Poland</a>. One of two main routes connecting <a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dresden" title="Dresden">Dresden</a> ran through the city in the 18th century and Kings <a href="/wiki/Augustus_II_the_Strong" title="Augustus II the Strong">Augustus II the Strong</a> and <a href="/wiki/Augustus_III_of_Poland" title="Augustus III of Poland">Augustus III of Poland</a> often traveled that route.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first official inventory of important buildings in Poland, <i>A General View of the Nature of Ancient Monuments in the Kingdom of Poland</i>, led by Kazimierz Stronczyński from 1844 to 1855, describes the <a href="/wiki/Great_Synagogue_(Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski)" title="Great Synagogue (Piotrków Trybunalski)">Great Synagogue</a> of Piotrków as one of Poland's architecturally notable buildings.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1793, the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Prussia" title="Kingdom of Prussia">Kingdom of Prussia</a> annexed the town in the Second Partition of Poland and administered it as part of the Province of <a href="/wiki/South_Prussia" title="South Prussia">South Prussia</a>. During the <a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars" title="Napoleonic Wars">Napoleonic Wars</a>, Piotrków became part of the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Warsaw" title="Duchy of Warsaw">Duchy of Warsaw</a> (1807–15) and was a district seat in the <a href="/wiki/Kalisz_Department" title="Kalisz Department">Kalisz Department</a>. After the defeat of <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_I_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoleon I of France">Napoleon</a> in 1815, Piotrków became part of <a href="/wiki/Congress_Poland" title="Congress Poland">Congress Poland</a>, a puppet state of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a>. </p><p>When the <a href="/wiki/Warsaw-Vienna_railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Warsaw-Vienna railway">Warsaw-Vienna railway</a> was built in 1846, there was a slight increase in the economic and industrial development of Piotrków. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Plaque_on_building_in_Rynek_Trybunalski_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Plaque_on_building_in_Rynek_Trybunalski_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski.jpg/220px-Plaque_on_building_in_Rynek_Trybunalski_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Plaque_on_building_in_Rynek_Trybunalski_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski.jpg/330px-Plaque_on_building_in_Rynek_Trybunalski_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Plaque_on_building_in_Rynek_Trybunalski_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski.jpg/440px-Plaque_on_building_in_Rynek_Trybunalski_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Memorial plaque at the site of the former prison for Polish insurgents of 1863–1864</figcaption></figure> <p>In January 1863, the Polish <a href="/wiki/January_Uprising" title="January Uprising">January Uprising</a> broke out. Among local Polish insurgents were many young people and Poles conscripted into the Russian army, who were stationed in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-epio_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-epio-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Russians established a prison for captured insurgents in Piotrków.<sup id="cite_ref-epio_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-epio-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thousands of <a href="/wiki/Polish_people" title="Polish people">Poles</a> passed through the prison, were subjected to <a href="/wiki/Flagellation" title="Flagellation">flagellation</a> and tortures, and then either deported to the <a href="/wiki/Warsaw_Citadel" title="Warsaw Citadel">Warsaw Citadel</a> or to <a href="/wiki/Siberia" title="Siberia">Siberia</a>, or executed in Piotrków.<sup id="cite_ref-epio_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-epio-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two insurgents, wanting to escape from torture, committed suicide by jumping out of the prison windows.<sup id="cite_ref-epio_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-epio-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As punishment for supporting the uprising, the Russians closed down the Bernardine monastery in 1864, and the last Bernardine monks were expelled in 1867.<sup id="cite_ref-epio_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-epio-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1867 the Russian authorities formed the <a href="/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Governorate" title="Piotrków Governorate">Piotrków Governorate</a>, which included <a href="/wiki/%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA" title="Łódź">Łódź</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cz%C4%99stochowa" title="Częstochowa">Częstochowa</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Zag%C5%82%C4%99bie_D%C4%85browskie" class="mw-redirect" title="Zagłębie Dąbrowskie">coal fields</a> of <a href="/wiki/D%C4%85browa_G%C3%B3rnicza" title="Dąbrowa Górnicza">Dąbrowa Górnicza</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sosnowiec" title="Sosnowiec">Sosnowiec</a>. According to the <a href="/wiki/Russian_census_of_1897" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian census of 1897">Russian census of 1897</a>, out of the total population of 30,800, Jews constituted 9,500 (around 31% percent).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The province had the best developed industry of all of Congress Poland until 1914. Many Poles demonstrated and went on strike during the <a href="/wiki/1905_Russian_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="1905 Russian Revolution">1905 Russian Revolution</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Old_Town_in_Piotrkow_circa_1933.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Old_Town_in_Piotrkow_circa_1933.jpg/220px-Old_Town_in_Piotrkow_circa_1933.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Old_Town_in_Piotrkow_circa_1933.jpg/330px-Old_Town_in_Piotrkow_circa_1933.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Old_Town_in_Piotrkow_circa_1933.jpg/440px-Old_Town_in_Piotrkow_circa_1933.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4759" data-file-height="3009" /></a><figcaption>Old Town in the 1930s</figcaption></figure> <p>During <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, Piotrków was occupied by <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austria-Hungary</a>. From 1915 to 1916, it was a center for Polish patriotic activity. The city was a seat of the Military Department of the National Committee, and a headquarters for the <a href="/wiki/Polish_Legions_in_World_War_I" title="Polish Legions in World War I">Polish Legions</a>, which were voluntary troops organized by <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3zef_Pi%C5%82sudski" title="Józef Piłsudski">Józef Piłsudski</a>, <a href="/wiki/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_Sikorski" title="Władysław Sikorski">Władysław Sikorski</a> and others to fight against Russia. Piotrków became part of <a href="/wiki/Second_Polish_Republic" title="Second Polish Republic">restored independent Poland</a> in 1918, following the defeat of the <a href="/wiki/Central_Powers" title="Central Powers">Central Powers</a> in the war. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Interwar_period" title="Interwar period">interwar period</a>, Piotrków was the capital of <a href="/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_County" title="Piotrków County">Piotrków County</a> in the <a href="/wiki/%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA_Voivodeship_(1919%E2%80%931939)" title="Łódź Voivodeship (1919–1939)">Łódź Voivodeship</a>, and lost its previous importance. In 1922, the old monastery was restored to the Bernardines.<sup id="cite_ref-epio_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-epio-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1938 the town had 51,000 inhabitants, including 25,000 Jews and 1,500 Germans. The town had a large <a href="/wiki/Jew" class="mw-redirect" title="Jew">Jewish</a> settlement and until <a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust" title="The Holocaust">the Holocaust</a> a thriving <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a> printing and publishing industry. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_II">World War II</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Roundup_in_German-occupied_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Roundup_in_German-occupied_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski.jpg/220px-Roundup_in_German-occupied_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Roundup_in_German-occupied_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski.jpg/330px-Roundup_in_German-occupied_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Roundup_in_German-occupied_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski.jpg/440px-Roundup_in_German-occupied_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5078" data-file-height="4422" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Roundup_(history)" class="mw-redirect" title="Roundup (history)">roundup</a> in German-occupied Piotrków Trybunalski</figcaption></figure> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Poland" title="Invasion of Poland">invasion of Poland</a> at the beginning of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, Piotrków was the setting for <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Battle of Piotrków Trybunalski">fierce fighting between the Polish 19th Infantry Division and the 16th Panzer Corps of the German Wehrmacht</a> on 5 September 1939. On the next day, German troops committed a massacre of Polish prisoners of war, including 19 officers, in the present-day neighbourhood of Moryca (see also <i><a href="/wiki/German_atrocities_committed_against_Polish_prisoners_of_war" title="German atrocities committed against Polish prisoners of war">German atrocities committed against Polish prisoners of war</a></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i><a href="/wiki/Einsatzgruppen" title="Einsatzgruppen">Einsatzgruppe II</a></i> then entered the city to commit various <a href="/wiki/Nazi_crimes_against_the_Polish_nation" class="mw-redirect" title="Nazi crimes against the Polish nation">crimes against the population</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The town was occupied by <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a> for the following six years. </p><p>In autumn of 1939, the Germans carried out mass arrests of dozens of Poles, including teachers, local activists, judges, parliamentarians, editors and bank employees, however some were later released.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 47 Poles arrested in <a href="/wiki/Tomasz%C3%B3w_Mazowiecki" title="Tomaszów Mazowiecki">Tomaszów Mazowiecki</a>, including Tomaszów's mayor, were also imprisoned in Piotrków.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Further mass arrests of hundreds of Poles were carried out in January, March, June and August 1940.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among Poles arrested in March were 12 teachers and students of <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Poland_during_World_War_II" title="Education in Poland during World War II">secret Polish schools</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 29 June 1940 the Germans carried out a massacre of 42 Poles from the prison in the Wolborski Forest<sup id="cite_ref-mw_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mw-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the northern part of the city. Among the victims were 14 students aged 17–18, eight reserve officers, and people of various professions, including pharmacists, an architect, railwayman, teacher, farmer and local secretary.<sup id="cite_ref-mw_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mw-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 121 Poles from the local prison were deported to the <a href="/wiki/Auschwitz_concentration_camp" title="Auschwitz concentration camp">Auschwitz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gross-Rosen_concentration_camp" title="Gross-Rosen concentration camp">Gross-Rosen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dachau_concentration_camp" title="Dachau concentration camp">Dachau</a> concentration camps in June 1940.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many Poles, who were born or lived in the city, were murdered by the Russians in the large <a href="/wiki/Katy%C5%84_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Katyń massacre">Katyń massacre</a> in April–May 1940.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Memorial_to_Katyn_victims_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_-_plaques.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Memorial_to_Katyn_victims_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_-_plaques.jpg/220px-Memorial_to_Katyn_victims_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_-_plaques.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Memorial_to_Katyn_victims_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_-_plaques.jpg/330px-Memorial_to_Katyn_victims_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_-_plaques.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Memorial_to_Katyn_victims_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_-_plaques.jpg/440px-Memorial_to_Katyn_victims_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_-_plaques.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Memorial to the victims of the <a href="/wiki/Katy%C5%84_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Katyń massacre">Katyń massacre</a></figcaption></figure> <p>As early as October 1939 Piotrków became the site of <a href="/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_Ghetto" title="Piotrków Trybunalski Ghetto">the first Jewish ghetto of World War II</a> set up in <a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_Poland_(1939%E2%80%931945)" title="Occupation of Poland (1939–1945)">occupied Poland</a>. Approximately 25,000 people from Piotrków and the nearby towns and villages were imprisoned there. During <a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust" title="The Holocaust">the Holocaust</a> 22,000 were sent to the <a href="/wiki/Treblinka_extermination_camp" title="Treblinka extermination camp">Treblinka extermination camp</a>, while 3,000 were imprisoned in other <a href="/wiki/Nazi_concentration_camps" title="Nazi concentration camps">Nazi concentration camps</a>. A personal account of the Holocaust, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=In_the_Mouth_of_the_Wolf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="In the Mouth of the Wolf (page does not exist)">In the Mouth of the Wolf</a></i> details the escape of the author Rose Zar (née Rose Guterman) from the Piotrków Ghetto and hiding in plain sight, by working for the Wehrmacht and the SS. The secret <a href="/wiki/%C5%BBegota" title="Żegota">Polish Council to Aid Jews "Żegota"</a>, established by the <a href="/wiki/Polish_resistance_movement_in_World_War_II" title="Polish resistance movement in World War II">Polish resistance movement</a>, operated in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From the first months of the war, Piotrków was a center for <a href="/wiki/Polish_resistance_movement_in_World_War_II" title="Polish resistance movement in World War II">underground resistance</a>. From the spring of 1940, it was the seat of the district headquarters of the <a href="/wiki/Armia_Krajowa" class="mw-redirect" title="Armia Krajowa">Armia Krajowa</a>, or Home Army. In the summer of 1944, the 25th Infantry Regiment of the Home Army was formed in the district; it was the largest military unit of the Łódź Voivodeship, and fought against the Germans until November 1944. In the city and district, there were also other partisan groups: the Military Troops (connected with the <a href="/wiki/Polish_Socialist_Party" title="Polish Socialist Party">Polish Socialist Party</a>), People's Guard and People's Army (<a href="/wiki/Polish_Workers%27_Party" title="Polish Workers' Party">Polish Workers' Party</a>), Peasants' Battalions (<a href="/wiki/Polish_People%27s_Party" title="Polish People's Party">Polish People's Party</a>), the National Military Organization and the National Armed Forces (<a href="/wiki/National_Party_(Poland)" title="National Party (Poland)">National Party</a>). In 1944, during the <a href="/wiki/Warsaw_Uprising" title="Warsaw Uprising">Warsaw Uprising</a>, the Germans deported over 15,000 Varsovians from the <a href="/wiki/Dulag_121_camp_in_Pruszk%C3%B3w" title="Dulag 121 camp in Pruszków">Dulag 121 camp</a> in <a href="/wiki/Pruszk%C3%B3w" title="Pruszków">Pruszków</a>, where they were initially imprisoned, to Piotrków.<sup id="cite_ref-dul_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dul-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Those Poles were mainly old people, ill people and women with children.<sup id="cite_ref-dul_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dul-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the fall of the uprising, the headquarters of the <a href="/wiki/Polish_Red_Cross" title="Polish Red Cross">Polish Red Cross</a> was temporarily located in the local Royal Castle from October 1944 to January 1945. </p><p>On 18 January 1945 the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet</a> <a href="/wiki/Red_Army" title="Red Army">Red Army</a> entered the city, dislodging the German troops. The city was restored to Poland, although with a Soviet-installed communist regime, which stayed in power until the <a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Communism" class="mw-redirect" title="Fall of Communism">Fall of Communism</a> in the 1980s. <a href="/wiki/Cursed_soldiers" title="Cursed soldiers">Anti-communist partisans</a> continued to fight in the vicinity in the following years. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Recent_times">Recent times</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Recent times"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:City_library_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/City_library_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_1.jpg/220px-City_library_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/City_library_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_1.jpg/330px-City_library_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/City_library_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_1.jpg/440px-City_library_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2250" /></a><figcaption>Adam Próchnik Municipal Library</figcaption></figure> <p>From 1949 to 1970, Piotrków was transformed into an industrial center. </p><p>Piotrków remained a district capital in the <a href="/wiki/%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA_Voivodeship" title="Łódź Voivodeship">Łódź Voivodeship</a>, until 1975. Then, following the changes in the administrative division of the country, the city became the capital of the new <a href="/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Voivodeship" title="Piotrków Voivodeship">Piotrków Voivodeship</a>, thus regaining the status of an important administrative, educational and cultural center of Poland. In 1999, the Piotrków Voivodeship was dissolved and Piotrków became the capital of Piotrków County within the Łódź Voivodeship. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Piotrków, thanks to its location, is known as the second largest "logistic center" after <a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a>. There is a high concentration of warehouses and distribution centers around the city. The biggest distribution centers are: </p> <ul><li>Prologis Park Piotrkow I and Prologis Park Piotrkow II owned by <a href="/wiki/ProLogis" class="mw-redirect" title="ProLogis">ProLogis</a></li> <li>IKEA Distribution Center owned by <a href="/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA">IKEA</a></li> <li>Logistic City – Piotrków Distribution Center owned by local concern Emerson</li> <li>Poland Central</li></ul> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pt_focus_mall.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Pt_focus_mall.jpg/300px-Pt_focus_mall.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Pt_focus_mall.jpg/450px-Pt_focus_mall.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Pt_focus_mall.jpg/600px-Pt_focus_mall.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2463" data-file-height="953" /></a><figcaption>Focus Mall shopping center.</figcaption></figure> <p>In Piotrków are also located: </p> <ul><li>Emerson Polska – self-copying computer paper</li> <li>Häring – facility producing fuel injection equipment (for <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz" title="Mercedes-Benz">Mercedes-Benz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Bosch_GmbH" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Bosch GmbH">Bosch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen" title="Volkswagen">Volkswagen</a>)</li> <li>Metzeler Automotive Profile Systems – car profiles</li> <li>Kiper brewery</li> <li>FMG Pioma S.A. – mining machinery, <a href="/wiki/Conveyor_belt" title="Conveyor belt">conveyor belts</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trybunalski.pl/wiadomosci/historia/piotrkowska-manufaktura-nie-miala-tyle-szczescia-ile-lodzka-budynek-sigmateksu-wciaz-czeka-na-swoja-szanse/TPQbk7mow70fix9hLDlV">Sigmatex</a> Sp. z o.o. – knitted fabrics</li></ul> <p>and many small and medium textile processing factories. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Piotrkow_Trybunalski_train_station_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Piotrkow_Trybunalski_train_station_01.jpg/220px-Piotrkow_Trybunalski_train_station_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Piotrkow_Trybunalski_train_station_01.jpg/330px-Piotrkow_Trybunalski_train_station_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Piotrkow_Trybunalski_train_station_01.jpg/440px-Piotrkow_Trybunalski_train_station_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3986" data-file-height="2259" /></a><figcaption>Main train station</figcaption></figure> <p>Piotrków lies almost in the center of <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a>. It has a train station on the <a href="/wiki/PKP_rail_line_1" class="mw-redirect" title="PKP rail line 1">PKP rail line 1</a> from <a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a> to <a href="/wiki/Cz%C4%99stochowa" title="Częstochowa">Częstochowa</a>. Direct trains go among others to <a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w" title="Kraków">Kraków</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zakopane" title="Zakopane">Zakopane</a>, <a href="/wiki/Katowice" title="Katowice">Katowice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bielsko-Bia%C5%82a" title="Bielsko-Biała">Bielsko-Biała</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wroc%C5%82aw" title="Wrocław">Wrocław</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA" title="Łódź">Łódź</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pozna%C5%84" title="Poznań">Poznań</a>, <a href="/wiki/Szczecin" title="Szczecin">Szczecin</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Awinouj%C5%9Bcie" title="Świnoujście">Świnoujście</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gdynia" title="Gdynia">Gdynia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olsztyn" title="Olsztyn">Olsztyn</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bia%C5%82ystok" title="Białystok">Białystok</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Roads">Roads</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Roads"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Piotrkow_Obwodnica_W.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Piotrkow_Obwodnica_W.jpg/220px-Piotrkow_Obwodnica_W.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Piotrkow_Obwodnica_W.jpg/330px-Piotrkow_Obwodnica_W.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Piotrkow_Obwodnica_W.jpg/440px-Piotrkow_Obwodnica_W.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Eastern bypass</figcaption></figure> <p>A <a href="/wiki/Highways_in_Poland" title="Highways in Poland">highway</a>, an expressway and three <a href="/wiki/National_roads_in_Poland" title="National roads in Poland">national roads</a> cross Piotrków: </p> <ul><li><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/A1-PL.svg/48px-A1-PL.svg.png" decoding="async" width="48" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/A1-PL.svg/72px-A1-PL.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/A1-PL.svg/95px-A1-PL.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="943" data-file-height="478" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/A1_autostrada_(Poland)" title="A1 autostrada (Poland)">A 1</a> <a href="/wiki/Gda%C5%84sk" title="Gdańsk">Gdańsk</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gorzyczki,_Silesian_Voivodeship" title="Gorzyczki, Silesian Voivodeship">Gorzyczki</a>, part of <a href="/wiki/European_route_E75" title="European route E75">European route E75</a></li> <li><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/S8-PL.svg/49px-S8-PL.svg.png" decoding="async" width="49" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/S8-PL.svg/74px-S8-PL.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/S8-PL.svg/98px-S8-PL.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="975" data-file-height="478" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Expressway_S8_(Poland)" title="Expressway S8 (Poland)">S 8</a> <a href="/wiki/Kudowa-Zdr%C3%B3j" title="Kudowa-Zdrój">Kudowa-Zdrój</a> – <a href="/wiki/Budzisko" title="Budzisko">Budzisko</a>, part of <a href="/wiki/European_route_E67" title="European route E67">European route E67</a></li> <li><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/DK12-PL.svg/48px-DK12-PL.svg.png" decoding="async" width="48" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/DK12-PL.svg/72px-DK12-PL.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/DK12-PL.svg/95px-DK12-PL.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="943" data-file-height="478" /></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_road_12_(Poland)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National road 12 (Poland) (page does not exist)">DK 12</a> <a href="/wiki/%C5%81%C4%99knica" title="Łęknica">Łęknica</a> – <a href="/wiki/Dorohusk" title="Dorohusk">Dorohusk</a>, eventually to be upgraded to the <a href="/wiki/Expressway_S12_(Poland)" title="Expressway S12 (Poland)">S12 expressway</a></li> <li><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/DK74-PL.svg/48px-DK74-PL.svg.png" decoding="async" width="48" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/DK74-PL.svg/72px-DK74-PL.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/DK74-PL.svg/95px-DK74-PL.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="943" data-file-height="478" /></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_road_74_(Poland)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National road 74 (Poland) (page does not exist)">DK 74</a> <a href="/wiki/Wielu%C5%84" title="Wieluń">Wieluń</a> – <a href="/wiki/Zosin,_Hrubiesz%C3%B3w_County" title="Zosin, Hrubieszów County">Zosin</a></li> <li><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/DK91-PL.svg/48px-DK91-PL.svg.png" decoding="async" width="48" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/DK91-PL.svg/72px-DK91-PL.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/DK91-PL.svg/95px-DK91-PL.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="943" data-file-height="478" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/National_road_91_(Poland)" title="National road 91 (Poland)">DK 91</a> <a href="/wiki/Gda%C5%84sk" title="Gdańsk">Gdańsk</a> – <a href="/wiki/Podwarpie" title="Podwarpie">Podwarpie</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Airports">Airports</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Airports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There is a small airfield for light passenger aircraft in Piotrków. The nearest airport is <a href="/wiki/%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA_W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_Reymont_Airport" title="Łódź Władysław Reymont Airport">Łódź Władysław Reymont Airport</a> in <a href="/wiki/%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA" title="Łódź">Łódź</a>. Two large international airports are <a href="/wiki/Warsaw_Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Chopin_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Warsaw Frédéric Chopin Airport">Warsaw Frédéric Chopin Airport</a> about 133 km (83 mi) from Piotrków and <a href="/wiki/Katowice_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Katowice International Airport">Katowice International Airport</a> about 137 km (85 mi) from Piotrków. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Educational_institutions">Educational institutions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Educational institutions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chrobry_Lyceum_in_Piotrkow_03.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Chrobry_Lyceum_in_Piotrkow_03.jpg/220px-Chrobry_Lyceum_in_Piotrkow_03.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Chrobry_Lyceum_in_Piotrkow_03.jpg/330px-Chrobry_Lyceum_in_Piotrkow_03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Chrobry_Lyceum_in_Piotrkow_03.jpg/440px-Chrobry_Lyceum_in_Piotrkow_03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3943" data-file-height="2523" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Boles%C5%82aw_I_the_Brave_High_School_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Bolesław I the Brave High School in Piotrków Trybunalski">Bolesław I the Brave High School</a>, founded in 1675</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Wyższa Szkoła Handlowa in Piotrków Trybunalski</li> <li>Wyższa Szkoła Kupiecka in <a href="/wiki/%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA" title="Łódź">Łódź</a>, branch in Piotrków</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Kochanowski_University" title="Jan Kochanowski University">Jan Kochanowski University</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kielce" title="Kielce">Kielce</a>, branch in Piotrków</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boles%C5%82aw_I_the_Brave_High_School_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Bolesław I the Brave High School in Piotrków Trybunalski">Bolesław I the Brave High School in Piotrków Trybunalski</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politics">Politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Court_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Court_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg/220px-Court_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Court_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg/330px-Court_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Court_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg/440px-Court_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7273" data-file-height="4370" /></a><figcaption>High Court of Piotrków</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Piotrków_Trybunalski/Skierniewice_constituency"><span id="Piotrk.C3.B3w_Trybunalski.2FSkierniewice_constituency"></span>Piotrków Trybunalski/Skierniewice constituency</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Piotrków Trybunalski/Skierniewice constituency"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Members of Parliament (<a href="/wiki/Sejm_of_the_Republic_of_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Sejm of the Republic of Poland">Sejm</a>) elected by the Piotrków/Skierniewice constituency </p> <ul><li>Antoni Macierewicz, <a href="/wiki/Law_and_Justice" title="Law and Justice">Law and Justice</a></li> <li>Dariusz Seliga, <a href="/wiki/Law_and_Justice" title="Law and Justice">Law and Justice</a></li> <li>Marcin Witko, <a href="/wiki/Law_and_Justice" title="Law and Justice">Law and Justice</a></li> <li>Robert Telus, <a href="/wiki/Law_and_Justice" title="Law and Justice">Law and Justice</a></li> <li>Elżbieta Radziszewska, <a href="/wiki/Civic_Platform" title="Civic Platform">Civic Platform</a></li> <li>Dorota Rutkowska, <a href="/wiki/Civic_Platform" title="Civic Platform">Civic Platform</a></li> <li>Marek Domaracki, TR</li> <li>Jacek Nibliecky, NPD</li> <li>Krystyna Ozga, PSL</li> <li>Artur Ostrowski, SLD</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piotrcovia_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Piotrcovia Piotrków Trybunalski">Piotrcovia Piotrków Trybunalski</a> – women's and men's <a href="/wiki/Handball_in_Poland" title="Handball in Poland">handball</a> team playing in the <a href="/wiki/Polish_Ekstraklasa_Women%27s_Handball_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Polish Ekstraklasa Women's Handball League">Polish Ekstraklasa Women's Handball League</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Polish_Ekstraklasa_Men%27s_Handball_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Polish Ekstraklasa Men's Handball League">Polish Ekstraklasa Men's Handball League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concordia_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Concordia Piotrków Trybunalski">Concordia Piotrków Trybunalski</a> – men's <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">football</a> team playing in the lower leagues.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1_Slowackiego_Street_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/1_Slowackiego_Street_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg/220px-1_Slowackiego_Street_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/1_Slowackiego_Street_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg/330px-1_Slowackiego_Street_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/1_Slowackiego_Street_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg/440px-1_Slowackiego_Street_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3606" data-file-height="2555" /></a><figcaption>Birthplace and childhood home of <a href="/wiki/Stefan_Rowecki" title="Stefan Rowecki">Stefan Rowecki</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zucky_Crystal_exhibition_for_the_memory_of_Hanna_Zemer_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%91_%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9C_%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A8_%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%95_(8357778390).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Zucky_Crystal_exhibition_for_the_memory_of_Hanna_Zemer_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%91_%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9C_%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A8_%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%95_%288357778390%29.jpg/220px-Zucky_Crystal_exhibition_for_the_memory_of_Hanna_Zemer_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%91_%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9C_%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A8_%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%95_%288357778390%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Zucky_Crystal_exhibition_for_the_memory_of_Hanna_Zemer_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%91_%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9C_%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A8_%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%95_%288357778390%29.jpg/330px-Zucky_Crystal_exhibition_for_the_memory_of_Hanna_Zemer_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%91_%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9C_%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A8_%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%95_%288357778390%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Zucky_Crystal_exhibition_for_the_memory_of_Hanna_Zemer_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%91_%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9C_%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A8_%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%95_%288357778390%29.jpg/440px-Zucky_Crystal_exhibition_for_the_memory_of_Hanna_Zemer_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%91_%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9C_%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A8_%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%95_%288357778390%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4537" data-file-height="3005" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Yisrael_Meir_Lau" title="Yisrael Meir Lau">Yisrael Meir Lau</a>, the Chief Rabbi of <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>, was born in Piotrków</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ernestine_Rose" title="Ernestine Rose">Ernestine Rose</a> (1810–1892), feminist writer and human rights activist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaim_Elozor_Wax" title="Chaim Elozor Wax">Chaim Elozor Wax</a> (1822–1887), famous rabbi</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Heilprin" title="Michael Heilprin">Michael Heilprin</a> (1823–1888), Polish-American Jewish biblical scholar, critic, and writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_Biega%C5%84ski" title="Władysław Biegański">Władysław Biegański</a> (1857–1917), medical doctor, philosopher, and social activist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micha%C5%82_Rawita-Witanowski" title="Michał Rawita-Witanowski">Michał Rawita-Witanowski</a> (1858–1943), Polish historian and pharmacist, founder of the local museum</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thaddeus_Wronski" title="Thaddeus Wronski">Thaddeus Wronski</a> (1887–1965), Polish-American opera singer and conductor, founder and director of the <a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit</a> Civic Light Opera</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grigory_Levenfish" title="Grigory Levenfish">Grigory Levenfish</a> (1889–1961), chess player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Rowecki" title="Stefan Rowecki">Stefan Rowecki</a> (1895–1944), general and journalist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irena_Sendler" title="Irena Sendler">Irena Sendler</a> (1910–2008), humanitarian and nurse of the <a href="/wiki/Polish_resistance_movement_in_World_War_II" title="Polish resistance movement in World War II">Polish resistance movement in World War II</a>, head of the children's section of the <a href="/wiki/%C5%BBegota" title="Żegota">Żegota</a>, who <a href="/wiki/Rescue_of_Jews_by_Poles_during_the_Holocaust" title="Rescue of Jews by Poles during the Holocaust">rescued</a> 2,500 Jewish children during <a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust" title="The Holocaust">the Holocaust</a>, lived in Piotrków in the 1920s<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Muszka" title="Adam Muszka">Adam Muszka</a> (1914–2005), Polish-French painter and sculptor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moshe_Bromberg" title="Moshe Bromberg">Moshe Bromberg</a> (1920–1982), Polish-Jewish painter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Miller_(psychologist)" title="Alice Miller (psychologist)">Alice Miller</a> (1923–2010), Polish-Swiss psychologist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabina_Zimering" title="Sabina Zimering">Sabina Zimering</a> (1923–2021), Polish-American ophthalmologist and memoirist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Michael_Ma%C5%82ek" title="John Michael Małek">John Michael Małek</a> (1928–2022), Polish-American, born in Piotrków Trybunalski</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naphtali_Lau-Lavie" title="Naphtali Lau-Lavie">Naphtali Lau-Lavie</a> (1926–2014), Israeli journalist, author, and diplomat</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Helfgott" title="Ben Helfgott">Ben Helfgott</a> (born 1929), Polish-born British Jewish Olympic weightlifter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yisrael_Meir_Lau" title="Yisrael Meir Lau">Yisrael Meir Lau</a> (born 1937), Chief Rabbi of Tel Aviv, chairman of Yad Vashem, Ashkenazi Chief Rabbi of Israel</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariusz_Trynkiewicz" title="Mariusz Trynkiewicz">Mariusz Trynkiewicz</a> (born 1962), serial killer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Szymczyk" title="Adam Szymczyk">Adam Szymczyk</a> (born 1970), art critic and curator</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maciej_Ganczar" title="Maciej Ganczar">Maciej Ganczar</a> (born 1976), literary scholar specializing in German literature, literary translator</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wojciech_Szala" title="Wojciech Szala">Wojciech Szala</a> (born 1976), footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wioletta_Frankiewicz" title="Wioletta Frankiewicz">Wioletta Frankiewicz</a> (born 1977), runner</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micha%C5%82_B%C4%85kiewicz" title="Michał Bąkiewicz">Michał Bąkiewicz</a> (born 1981), volleyball player and coach</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micha%C5%82_Jonczyk" title="Michał Jonczyk">Michał Jonczyk</a> (born 1992), footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamil_Majchrzak" title="Kamil Majchrzak">Kamil Majchrzak</a> (born 1996) professional tennis player</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_relations">International relations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: International relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_Poland" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in Poland">List of twin towns and sister cities in Poland</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Twin_towns_–_sister_cities"><span id="Twin_towns_.E2.80.93_sister_cities"></span>Twin towns – sister cities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Twin towns – sister cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Piotrków Trybunalski is <a href="/wiki/Twin_towns_and_sister_cities" class="mw-redirect" title="Twin towns and sister cities">twinned</a> with: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <td> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> – <a href="/wiki/Esslingen_am_Neckar" title="Esslingen am Neckar">Esslingen am Neckar</a>, Germany (1992)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus"><img alt="Belarus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/46px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> – <a href="/wiki/Maladzie%C4%8Dna" class="mw-redirect" title="Maladziečna">Maladziečna</a>, Belarus (1996)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine"><img alt="Ukraine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> – <a href="/wiki/Rivne" title="Rivne">Rivne</a>, Ukraine (1997)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia"><img alt="Slovenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> – <a href="/wiki/Velenje" title="Velenje">Velenje</a>, Slovenia (1998)</li></ul> </td> <td> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary"><img alt="Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> – <a href="/wiki/Mosonmagyar%C3%B3v%C3%A1r" title="Mosonmagyaróvár">Mosonmagyaróvár</a>, Hungary (2001)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania"><img alt="Lithuania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> – <a href="/wiki/Marijampol%C4%97" title="Marijampolė">Marijampolė</a>, Lithuania (2002)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> – <a href="/wiki/Vienne,_Is%C3%A8re" title="Vienne, Isère">Vienne, Isère</a>, France (2005)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales"><img alt="Wales" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/23px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/35px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/46px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></span> – <a href="/wiki/Neath_Port_Talbot" title="Neath Port Talbot">Neath Port Talbot</a>, Wales (2007)<sup id="cite_ref-Neath_Port_Talbot_twinnings_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neath_Port_Talbot_twinnings-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel"><img alt="Israel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> - <a href="/wiki/Ness_Ziona" title="Ness Ziona">Ness Ziona</a>, Israel (2016)</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Piotrków Trybunalski is also partnered with: </p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> – <a href="/wiki/Udine" title="Udine">Udine</a>, Italy</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands"><img alt="Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> – <a href="/wiki/Schiedam" title="Schiedam">Schiedam</a>, Netherlands</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Image_gallery">Image gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Image gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:220913_Jesuit_Church_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_-_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Baroque Jesuit Church"><img alt="Baroque Jesuit Church" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/220913_Jesuit_Church_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_-_02.jpg/120px-220913_Jesuit_Church_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_-_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/220913_Jesuit_Church_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_-_02.jpg/180px-220913_Jesuit_Church_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_-_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/220913_Jesuit_Church_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_-_02.jpg/240px-220913_Jesuit_Church_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_-_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4896" data-file-height="3672" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Baroque_in_Poland" title="Baroque in Poland">Baroque</a> Jesuit Church</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:8_Sieradzka_Street_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Inside the Old Town"><img alt="Inside the Old Town" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/8_Sieradzka_Street_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg/120px-8_Sieradzka_Street_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/8_Sieradzka_Street_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg/180px-8_Sieradzka_Street_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/8_Sieradzka_Street_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg/240px-8_Sieradzka_Street_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3709" data-file-height="3211" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Inside the Old Town</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:St_James_church_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="St. James Parish Church"><img alt="St. James Parish Church" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/St_James_church_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski.jpg/92px-St_James_church_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski.jpg" decoding="async" width="92" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/St_James_church_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski.jpg/138px-St_James_church_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/St_James_church_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski.jpg/184px-St_James_church_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2108" data-file-height="2748" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">St. James Parish Church</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Piotrkow_Trybunalski_Ulica_Grodzka.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Grodzka street near the Market Square"><img alt="Grodzka street near the Market Square" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Piotrkow_Trybunalski_Ulica_Grodzka.JPG/90px-Piotrkow_Trybunalski_Ulica_Grodzka.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Piotrkow_Trybunalski_Ulica_Grodzka.JPG/135px-Piotrkow_Trybunalski_Ulica_Grodzka.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Piotrkow_Trybunalski_Ulica_Grodzka.JPG/180px-Piotrkow_Trybunalski_Ulica_Grodzka.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="3072" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Grodzka street near the Market Square</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Piotrkow_trybunalski_ulica_szewska.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Szewska street in the Old Town"><img alt="Szewska street in the Old Town" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Piotrkow_trybunalski_ulica_szewska.JPG/120px-Piotrkow_trybunalski_ulica_szewska.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Piotrkow_trybunalski_ulica_szewska.JPG/180px-Piotrkow_trybunalski_ulica_szewska.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Piotrkow_trybunalski_ulica_szewska.JPG/240px-Piotrkow_trybunalski_ulica_szewska.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Szewska street in the Old Town</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Evangelical-Augsburg_church_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rwańska Street in the Old Town with the Evangelical Church"><img alt="Rwańska Street in the Old Town with the Evangelical Church" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Evangelical-Augsburg_church_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg/120px-Evangelical-Augsburg_church_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Evangelical-Augsburg_church_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg/180px-Evangelical-Augsburg_church_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Evangelical-Augsburg_church_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg/240px-Evangelical-Augsburg_church_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3714" data-file-height="2563" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Rwańska Street in the Old Town with the Evangelical Church</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Synagogues_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Great Synagogue"><img alt="Great Synagogue" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Synagogues_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg/120px-Synagogues_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Synagogues_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg/180px-Synagogues_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Synagogues_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg/240px-Synagogues_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3579" data-file-height="2710" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Great_Synagogue_(Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski)" title="Great Synagogue (Piotrków Trybunalski)">Great Synagogue</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:City_walls_of_Piotrkow_Trybunalski_05.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Remaining old city walls"><img alt="Remaining old city walls" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/City_walls_of_Piotrkow_Trybunalski_05.jpg/120px-City_walls_of_Piotrkow_Trybunalski_05.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/City_walls_of_Piotrkow_Trybunalski_05.jpg/180px-City_walls_of_Piotrkow_Trybunalski_05.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/City_walls_of_Piotrkow_Trybunalski_05.jpg/240px-City_walls_of_Piotrkow_Trybunalski_05.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3647" data-file-height="2745" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Remaining old city walls</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:12_3_Maja_Street_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Municipal Culture Center"><img alt="Municipal Culture Center" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/12_3_Maja_Street_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_01.jpg/120px-12_3_Maja_Street_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/12_3_Maja_Street_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_01.jpg/180px-12_3_Maja_Street_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/12_3_Maja_Street_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_01.jpg/240px-12_3_Maja_Street_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3843" data-file-height="3049" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Municipal Culture Center</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pomnik_Miko%C5%82aja_Kopernika_w_Piotrkowie_Trybunalskim.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Nicolaus Copernicus Monument"><img alt="Nicolaus Copernicus Monument" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Pomnik_Miko%C5%82aja_Kopernika_w_Piotrkowie_Trybunalskim.JPG/80px-Pomnik_Miko%C5%82aja_Kopernika_w_Piotrkowie_Trybunalskim.JPG" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Pomnik_Miko%C5%82aja_Kopernika_w_Piotrkowie_Trybunalskim.JPG/120px-Pomnik_Miko%C5%82aja_Kopernika_w_Piotrkowie_Trybunalskim.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Pomnik_Miko%C5%82aja_Kopernika_w_Piotrkowie_Trybunalskim.JPG/160px-Pomnik_Miko%C5%82aja_Kopernika_w_Piotrkowie_Trybunalskim.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="4608" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Nicolaus_Copernicus" title="Nicolaus Copernicus">Nicolaus Copernicus</a> Monument</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Piotrkow_Trybunalski_przedzalnia_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Piotrkowska Manufaktura, a former textile factory"><img alt="Piotrkowska Manufaktura, a former textile factory" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Piotrkow_Trybunalski_przedzalnia_1.jpg/120px-Piotrkow_Trybunalski_przedzalnia_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Piotrkow_Trybunalski_przedzalnia_1.jpg/180px-Piotrkow_Trybunalski_przedzalnia_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Piotrkow_Trybunalski_przedzalnia_1.jpg/240px-Piotrkow_Trybunalski_przedzalnia_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Piotrkowska Manufaktura</i>, a former textile factory</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:220913_Monastery_of_Bernardine_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_-_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bernardine Monastery"><img alt="Bernardine Monastery" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/220913_Monastery_of_Bernardine_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_-_01.jpg/120px-220913_Monastery_of_Bernardine_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_-_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/220913_Monastery_of_Bernardine_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_-_01.jpg/180px-220913_Monastery_of_Bernardine_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_-_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/220913_Monastery_of_Bernardine_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_-_01.jpg/240px-220913_Monastery_of_Bernardine_in_Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski_-_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4896" data-file-height="3672" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bernardine Monastery</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-population-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-population_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-population_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bdl.stat.gov.pl/bdl/dane/teryt/jednostka">"Local Data Bank"</a>. Statistics Poland<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Local+Data+Bank&rft.pub=Statistics+Poland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbdl.stat.gov.pl%2Fbdl%2Fdane%2Fteryt%2Fjednostka&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APiotrk%C3%B3w+Trybunalski" class="Z3988"></span> Data for territorial unit 1062000.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Beider-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Beider_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeider2012" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Beider, Alexander (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docserv.uni-duesseldorf.de/servlets/DerivateServlet/Derivate-23711/27_Leket_Beider_Eastern_Yiddish_Toponyms_of_German_Origin_A.pdf">"Eastern Yiddish Toponyms of German Origin"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Yiddish Studies Today</i>. ISBN 978-3-943460-09-4, ISSN 2194-8879 (düsseldorf university press, Düsseldorf 2012)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Yiddish+Studies+Today&rft.atitle=Eastern+Yiddish+Toponyms+of+German+Origin&rft.volume=ISBN+978-3-943460-09-4%3B+ISSN+2194-8879&rft.issue=d%C3%BCsseldorf+university+press%2C+D%C3%BCsseldorf+2012&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Beider&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdocserv.uni-duesseldorf.de%2Fservlets%2FDerivateServlet%2FDerivate-23711%2F27_Leket_Beider_Eastern_Yiddish_Toponyms_of_German_Origin_A.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APiotrk%C3%B3w+Trybunalski" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dresden-warszawa.eu/pl/prolog/informacja-historyczna/">"Informacja historyczna"</a>. <i>Dresden-Warszawa</i> (in Polish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dresden-Warszawa&rft.atitle=Informacja+historyczna&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dresden-warszawa.eu%2Fpl%2Fprolog%2Finformacja-historyczna%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APiotrk%C3%B3w+Trybunalski" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Heaven's Gates; Wooden synagogues in the Territories of the Former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Maria and Kazimierz Piechotka, Wydawnictwo Krupski i S-ka, Warsaw, 2004, p. 174</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-epio-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-epio_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-epio_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-epio_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-epio_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-epio_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-epio_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.epiotrkow.pl/news/Powstanie-styczniowe-w-Piotrkowie,13636#">"Powstanie styczniowe w Piotrkowie"</a>. <i>ePiotrkow.pl</i> (in Polish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ePiotrkow.pl&rft.atitle=Powstanie+styczniowe+w+Piotrkowie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.epiotrkow.pl%2Fnews%2FPowstanie-styczniowe-w-Piotrkowie%2C13636%23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APiotrk%C3%B3w+Trybunalski" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Joshua_D._Zimmerman" title="Joshua D. Zimmerman">Joshua D. Zimmerman</a>, <i>Poles, Jews, and the politics of nationality</i>, Univ of Wisconsin Press, 2004, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-299-19464-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-299-19464-7">0-299-19464-7</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6sbr9cZyw_4C&dq=population+Brest+Poles+Jews&pg=PA16">Google Print, p.16</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSudoł2011" class="citation magazine cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Sudoł, Tomasz (2011). "Zbrodnie Wehrmachtu na jeńcach polskich we wrześniu 1939 roku". <i>Biuletyn Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej</i> (in Polish). No. 8-9 (129-130). <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_National_Remembrance" title="Institute of National Remembrance">IPN</a>. p. 80. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1641-9561">1641-9561</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biuletyn+Instytutu+Pami%C4%99ci+Narodowej&rft.atitle=Zbrodnie+Wehrmachtu+na+je%C5%84cach+polskich+we+wrze%C5%9Bniu+1939+roku&rft.issue=8-9+%28129-130%29&rft.pages=80&rft.date=2011&rft.issn=1641-9561&rft.aulast=Sudo%C5%82&rft.aufirst=Tomasz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APiotrk%C3%B3w+Trybunalski" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWardzyńska2009" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Wardzyńska, Maria (2009). <i>Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion</i> (in Polish). Warszawa: <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_National_Remembrance" title="Institute of National Remembrance">IPN</a>. p. 58.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=By%C5%82+rok+1939.+Operacja+niemieckiej+policji+bezpiecze%C5%84stwa+w+Polsce.+Intelligenzaktion&rft.place=Warszawa&rft.pages=58&rft.pub=IPN&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Wardzy%C5%84ska&rft.aufirst=Maria&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APiotrk%C3%B3w+Trybunalski" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wardzyńska, p. 249</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wardzyńska, p. 250</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wardzyńska, p. 251-252, 266</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wardzyńska, p. 252</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mw-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mw_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mw_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Wardzyńska, p. 267</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wardzyńska, p. 261</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.piotrkow.pl/kultura-i-edukacja-t72/aktualnosci-a108/o-piotrkowianach-zamordowanych-w-katyniu-r14327">"O piotrkowianach zamordowanych w Katyniu"</a>. <i>Piotrków Trybunalski - oficjalny portal miejski</i> (in Polish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Piotrk%C3%B3w+Trybunalski+-+oficjalny+portal+miejski&rft.atitle=O+piotrkowianach+zamordowanych+w+Katyniu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.piotrkow.pl%2Fkultura-i-edukacja-t72%2Faktualnosci-a108%2Fo-piotrkowianach-zamordowanych-w-katyniu-r14327&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APiotrk%C3%B3w+Trybunalski" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDatner1968" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Datner, Szymon (1968). <i>Las sprawiedliwych</i> (in Polish). Warszawa: Książka i Wiedza. p. 69.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Las+sprawiedliwych&rft.place=Warszawa&rft.pages=69&rft.pub=Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCka+i+Wiedza&rft.date=1968&rft.aulast=Datner&rft.aufirst=Szymon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APiotrk%C3%B3w+Trybunalski" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dul-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dul_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dul_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dulag121.pl/encyklopediaa/transporty-z-obozu-dulag-121/">"Transporty z obozu Dulag 121"</a>. <i>Muzeum Dulag 121</i> (in Polish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Muzeum+Dulag+121&rft.atitle=Transporty+z+obozu+Dulag+121&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdulag121.pl%2Fencyklopediaa%2Ftransporty-z-obozu-dulag-121%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APiotrk%C3%B3w+Trybunalski" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.epiotrkow.pl/news.php?url=Piotrkow-Pamiatkowa-tablica-ku-czci-Sendlerowej-,2801">"Piotrków: Pamiątkowa tablica ku czci Sendlerowej"</a>. <i>ePiotrkow.pl</i> (in Polish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ePiotrkow.pl&rft.atitle=Piotrk%C3%B3w%3A+Pami%C4%85tkowa+tablica+ku+czci+Sendlerowej&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.epiotrkow.pl%2Fnews.php%3Furl%3DPiotrkow-Pamiatkowa-tablica-ku-czci-Sendlerowej-%2C2801&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APiotrk%C3%B3w+Trybunalski" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Neath_Port_Talbot_twinnings-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Neath_Port_Talbot_twinnings_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130822042254/http://www.npt.gov.uk/default.aspx?page=1988">"Neath Port Talbot Twin Towns"</a>. <i>Neath Port Talbot County Borough Council</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.npt.gov.uk/default.aspx?page=1988">the original</a> on 2013-08-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-08-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Neath+Port+Talbot+County+Borough+Council&rft.atitle=Neath+Port+Talbot+Twin+Towns&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.npt.gov.uk%2Fdefault.aspx%3Fpage%3D1988&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APiotrk%C3%B3w+Trybunalski" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski#Q158004" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Piotrków Trybunalski">Piotrków Trybunalski</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Piotrków Trybunalski">Piotrków Trybunalski</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.piotrkow.pl/en/">Official website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trybunalski.pl/">Local News Portal</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.astrojawil.pl/piotr_zab.htm">Photos</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Polish)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://maps.google.com/maps?t=k&ll=51.411199,19.69047&spn=0.050858,0.11707&t=k">Satellite image</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Piotrkow"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_Americana_(1920)/Piotrkow">"Piotrkow" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_Americana" title="Encyclopedia Americana">Encyclopedia Americana</a></i>. 1920.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Piotrkow&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+Americana&rft.date=1920&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APiotrk%C3%B3w+Trybunalski" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibitions/valley/piotrkow/index.asp">"Here Their Stories Will Be Told..." The Valley of the Communities at Yad Vashem, Piotrków Trybunalski</a>, at <a href="/wiki/Yad_Vashem" title="Yad Vashem">Yad Vashem</a> website</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishgen.org/Communities/community.php?usbgn=-521986">Piotrków Trybunalski, Poland</a> at <a href="/wiki/JewishGen" title="JewishGen">JewishGen</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Counties_of_Łódź_Voivodeship" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA_Voivodeship" title="Template:Łódź Voivodeship"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA_Voivodeship" title="Template talk:Łódź Voivodeship"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA_Voivodeship" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Łódź Voivodeship"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Counties_of_Łódź_Voivodeship" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Powiat" title="Powiat">Counties</a> of <a href="/wiki/%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA_Voivodeship" title="Łódź Voivodeship">Łódź Voivodeship</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">City counties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA" title="Łódź">Łódź</a> (capital)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Piotrków Trybunalski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skierniewice" title="Skierniewice">Skierniewice</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%82%C3%B3dzkie_COA.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Łódź Voivodeship"><img alt="Coat of arms of Łódź Voivodeship" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%82%C3%B3dzkie_COA.svg/50px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%82%C3%B3dzkie_COA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="61" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%82%C3%B3dzkie_COA.svg/75px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%82%C3%B3dzkie_COA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%82%C3%B3dzkie_COA.svg/100px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%82%C3%B3dzkie_COA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="919" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Land counties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Be%C5%82chat%C3%B3w_County" title="Bełchatów County">Bełchatów</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brzeziny_County" title="Brzeziny County">Brzeziny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kutno_County" title="Kutno County">Kutno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%81ask_County" title="Łask County">Łask</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%81%C4%99czyca_County" title="Łęczyca County">Łęczyca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA_East_County" title="Łódź East County">Łódź East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%81owicz_County" title="Łowicz County">Łowicz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opoczno_County" title="Opoczno County">Opoczno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pabianice_County" title="Pabianice County">Pabianice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paj%C4%99czno_County" title="Pajęczno County">Pajęczno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_County" title="Piotrków County">Piotrków</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Podd%C4%99bice_County" title="Poddębice County">Poddębice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radomsko_County" title="Radomsko County">Radomsko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rawa_County" title="Rawa County">Rawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sieradz_County" title="Sieradz County">Sieradz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skierniewice_County" title="Skierniewice County">Skierniewice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomasz%C3%B3w_County,_%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA_Voivodeship" title="Tomaszów County, Łódź Voivodeship">Tomaszów</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wielu%C5%84_County" title="Wieluń County">Wieluń</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wierusz%C3%B3w_County" title="Wieruszów County">Wieruszów</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zdu%C5%84ska_Wola_County" title="Zduńska Wola County">Zduńska Wola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zgierz_County" title="Zgierz County">Zgierz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cities_of_Poland" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cities_of_Poland" title="Template:Cities of Poland"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cities_of_Poland" title="Template talk:Cities of Poland"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cities_of_Poland" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cities of Poland"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cities_of_Poland" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Poland#Cities" title="List of cities and towns in Poland">Cities of Poland</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1,000,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a></b></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">750,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w" title="Kraków">Kraków</a></b></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">500,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Wroc%C5%82aw" title="Wrocław">Wrocław</a></b></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA" title="Łódź">Łódź</a></b></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Pozna%C5%84" title="Poznań">Poznań</a></b></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">250,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Gda%C5%84sk" title="Gdańsk">Gdańsk</a></b></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Szczecin" title="Szczecin">Szczecin</a></b></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Bydgoszcz" title="Bydgoszcz">Bydgoszcz</a></b></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Lublin" title="Lublin">Lublin</a></b></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Bia%C5%82ystok" title="Białystok">Białystok</a></b></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Katowice" title="Katowice">Katowice</a></b></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">100,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Gdynia" title="Gdynia">Gdynia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cz%C4%99stochowa" title="Częstochowa">Częstochowa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Radom" title="Radom">Radom</a></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Rzesz%C3%B3w" title="Rzeszów">Rzeszów</a></b></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Toru%C5%84" title="Toruń">Toruń</a></b></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sosnowiec" title="Sosnowiec">Sosnowiec</a></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kielce" title="Kielce">Kielce</a></b></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gliwice" title="Gliwice">Gliwice</a></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Olsztyn" title="Olsztyn">Olsztyn</a></b></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zabrze" title="Zabrze">Zabrze</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bielsko-Bia%C5%82a" title="Bielsko-Biała">Bielsko-Biała</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bytom" title="Bytom">Bytom</a></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Zielona_G%C3%B3ra" title="Zielona Góra">Zielona Góra</a></b></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rybnik" title="Rybnik">Rybnik</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ruda_%C5%9Al%C4%85ska" title="Ruda Śląska">Ruda Śląska</a></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Opole" title="Opole">Opole</a></b></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tychy" title="Tychy">Tychy</a></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Gorz%C3%B3w_Wielkopolski" title="Gorzów Wielkopolski">Gorzów Wielkopolski</a></b></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Elbl%C4%85g" title="Elbląg">Elbląg</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/D%C4%85browa_G%C3%B3rnicza" title="Dąbrowa Górnicza">Dąbrowa Górnicza</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/P%C5%82ock" title="Płock">Płock</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wa%C5%82brzych" title="Wałbrzych">Wałbrzych</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/W%C5%82oc%C5%82awek" title="Włocławek">Włocławek</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tarn%C3%B3w" title="Tarnów">Tarnów</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów">Chorzów</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Koszalin" title="Koszalin">Koszalin</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">50,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Kalisz" title="Kalisz">Kalisz</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Legnica" title="Legnica">Legnica</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Grudzi%C4%85dz" title="Grudziądz">Grudziądz</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jaworzno" title="Jaworzno">Jaworzno</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/S%C5%82upsk" title="Słupsk">Słupsk</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jastrz%C4%99bie-Zdr%C3%B3j" title="Jastrzębie-Zdrój">Jastrzębie-Zdrój</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nowy_S%C4%85cz" title="Nowy Sącz">Nowy Sącz</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jelenia_G%C3%B3ra" title="Jelenia Góra">Jelenia Góra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Siedlce" title="Siedlce">Siedlce</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mys%C5%82owice" title="Mysłowice">Mysłowice</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi%C5%82a" title="Piła">Piła</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Konin" title="Konin">Konin</a></i></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Piotrków Trybunalski</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostr%C3%B3w_Wielkopolski" title="Ostrów Wielkopolski">Ostrów Wielkopolski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lubin" title="Lubin">Lubin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inowroc%C5%82aw" title="Inowrocław">Inowrocław</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Suwa%C5%82ki" title="Suwałki">Suwałki</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stargard" title="Stargard">Stargard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gniezno" title="Gniezno">Gniezno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostrowiec_%C5%9Awi%C4%99tokrzyski" title="Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski">Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Siemianowice_%C5%9Al%C4%85skie" title="Siemianowice Śląskie">Siemianowice Śląskie</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C5%82og%C3%B3w" title="Głogów">Głogów</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pabianice" title="Pabianice">Pabianice</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/%C5%BBory" title="Żory">Żory</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pruszk%C3%B3w" title="Pruszków">Pruszków</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Leszno" title="Leszno">Leszno</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zamo%C5%9B%C4%87" title="Zamość">Zamość</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/%C5%81om%C5%BCa" title="Łomża">Łomża</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E%C5%82k" title="Ełk">Ełk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomasz%C3%B3w_Mazowiecki" title="Tomaszów Mazowiecki">Tomaszów Mazowiecki</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Che%C5%82m" title="Chełm">Chełm</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mielec" title="Mielec">Mielec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tczew" title="Tczew">Tczew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C4%99dzierzyn-Ko%C5%BAle" title="Kędzierzyn-Koźle">Kędzierzyn-Koźle</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Przemy%C5%9Bl" title="Przemyśl">Przemyśl</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stalowa_Wola" title="Stalowa Wola">Stalowa Wola</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bia%C5%82a_Podlaska" title="Biała Podlaska">Biała Podlaska</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Be%C5%82chat%C3%B3w" title="Bełchatów">Bełchatów</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Awidnica" title="Świdnica">Świdnica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C4%99dzin" title="Będzin">Będzin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zgierz" title="Zgierz">Zgierz</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Piekary_%C5%9Al%C4%85skie" title="Piekary Śląskie">Piekary Śląskie</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racib%C3%B3rz" title="Racibórz">Racibórz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legionowo" title="Legionowo">Legionowo</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ostro%C5%82%C4%99ka" title="Ostrołęka">Ostrołęka</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">35,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Awi%C4%99toch%C5%82owice" title="Świętochłowice">Świętochłowice</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wejherowo" title="Wejherowo">Wejherowo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zawiercie" title="Zawiercie">Zawiercie</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Skierniewice" title="Skierniewice">Skierniewice</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starachowice" title="Starachowice">Starachowice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wodzis%C5%82aw_%C5%9Al%C4%85ski" title="Wodzisław Śląski">Wodzisław Śląski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starogard_Gda%C5%84ski" title="Starogard Gdański">Starogard Gdański</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pu%C5%82awy" title="Puławy">Puławy</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tarnobrzeg" title="Tarnobrzeg">Tarnobrzeg</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ko%C5%82obrzeg" title="Kołobrzeg">Kołobrzeg</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Krosno" title="Krosno">Krosno</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radomsko" title="Radomsko">Radomsko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otwock" title="Otwock">Otwock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skar%C5%BCysko-Kamienna" title="Skarżysko-Kamienna">Skarżysko-Kamienna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciechan%C3%B3w" title="Ciechanów">Ciechanów</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kutno" title="Kutno">Kutno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sieradz" title="Sieradz">Sieradz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zdu%C5%84ska_Wola" title="Zduńska Wola">Zduńska Wola</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Awinouj%C5%9Bcie" title="Świnoujście">Świnoujście</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%BByrard%C3%B3w" title="Żyrardów">Żyrardów</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boles%C5%82awiec" title="Bolesławiec">Bolesławiec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nowa_S%C3%B3l" title="Nowa Sól">Nowa Sól</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knur%C3%B3w" title="Knurów">Knurów</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O%C5%9Bwi%C4%99cim" title="Oświęcim">Oświęcim</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sopot" title="Sopot">Sopot</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>The list includes the 107 urban municipalities governed by a <a href="/wiki/Mayor#Poland" title="Mayor">city mayor</a> (<i>prezydent miasta</i>) instead of a town mayor (<i>burmistrz</i>) · <a href="/wiki/City_with_powiat_rights" title="City with powiat rights">Cities with powiat rights</a> are in <i>italics</i> · Voivodeship cities are in <b>bold</b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Piotrków_County" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Piotrk%C3%B3w_County" title="Template:Piotrków County"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Piotrk%C3%B3w_County" title="Template talk:Piotrków County"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Piotrk%C3%B3w_County" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Piotrków County"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Piotrków_County" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_County" title="Piotrków County">Piotrków County</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Urban-rural gminas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gmina_Sulej%C3%B3w" title="Gmina Sulejów">Gmina Sulejów</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gmina_Wolb%C3%B3rz" title="Gmina Wolbórz">Gmina Wolbórz</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:POL_powiat_piotrkowski_COA.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/POL_powiat_piotrkowski_COA.svg/50px-POL_powiat_piotrkowski_COA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/POL_powiat_piotrkowski_COA.svg/75px-POL_powiat_piotrkowski_COA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/POL_powiat_piotrkowski_COA.svg/100px-POL_powiat_piotrkowski_COA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="740" data-file-height="854" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rural gminas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gmina_Aleksandr%C3%B3w,_%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA_Voivodeship" title="Gmina Aleksandrów, Łódź Voivodeship">Gmina Aleksandrów</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gmina_Czarnocin,_%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA_Voivodeship" title="Gmina Czarnocin, Łódź Voivodeship">Gmina Czarnocin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gmina_Gorzkowice" title="Gmina Gorzkowice">Gmina Gorzkowice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gmina_Grabica" title="Gmina Grabica">Gmina Grabica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gmina_%C5%81%C4%99ki_Szlacheckie" title="Gmina Łęki Szlacheckie">Gmina Łęki Szlacheckie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gmina_Moszczenica,_%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA_Voivodeship" title="Gmina Moszczenica, Łódź Voivodeship">Gmina Moszczenica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gmina_R%C4%99czno" title="Gmina Ręczno">Gmina Ręczno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gmina_Rozprza" title="Gmina Rozprza">Gmina Rozprza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gmina_Wola_Krzysztoporska" title="Gmina Wola Krzysztoporska">Gmina Wola Krzysztoporska</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Seat (not part of the county)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Piotrków Trybunalski</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q158004#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q158004#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q158004#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/306337205">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1207664/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJw93Ftfq9Wdv8kyPFhmBP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4342695-5">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80015362">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb150242432">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb150242432">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Piotrków Trybunalski (Polsko)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge895040&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007559498605171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/af71ce30-3ffb-43f0-9643-08ff5bba104e">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/140318917">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Piotrków_Trybunalski&oldid=1251969428">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Piotrków_Trybunalski&oldid=1251969428</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Category:Piotrków Trybunalski">Piotrków Trybunalski</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cities_and_towns_in_%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA_Voivodeship" title="Category:Cities and towns in Łódź Voivodeship">Cities and towns in Łódź Voivodeship</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:City_counties_of_Poland" title="Category:City counties of Poland">City counties of Poland</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Holocaust_locations_in_Poland" title="Category:Holocaust locations in Poland">Holocaust locations in Poland</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_non-numeric_formatnum_arguments" title="Category:Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments">Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_Phonos_extension" title="Category:Pages using the Phonos extension">Pages using the Phonos extension</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1:_long_volume_value" title="Category:CS1: long volume value">CS1: long volume value</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Polish-language_sources_(pl)" title="Category:CS1 Polish-language sources (pl)">CS1 Polish-language sources (pl)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_September_2024" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from September 2024">Articles needing additional references from September 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Coordinates_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Coordinates on Wikidata">Coordinates on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_Polish-language_sources_(pl)" title="Category:Articles with Polish-language sources (pl)">Articles with Polish-language sources (pl)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_a_citation_from_the_Encyclopedia_Americana_with_a_Wikisource_reference" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the Encyclopedia Americana with a Wikisource reference">Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the Encyclopedia Americana with a Wikisource reference</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 19 October 2024, at 02:45<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-rzfvc","wgBackendResponseTime":193,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.193","walltime":"1.671","ppvisitednodes":{"value":8777,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":127335,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":18126,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":27,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":10,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":103480,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1378.738 1 -total"," 28.51% 393.096 1 Template:Infobox_settlement"," 17.99% 247.992 1 Template:Infobox"," 13.39% 184.598 1 Template:Reflist"," 10.46% 144.233 24 Template:Main_other"," 9.02% 124.408 1 Template:In_lang"," 8.70% 120.009 7 Template:Cite_web"," 8.70% 119.896 2 Template:Sister_project"," 8.56% 117.976 2 Template:Side_box"," 8.33% 114.819 3 Template:Navbox"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.674","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":20844822,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-ext.codfw.main-7556f8b5dd-qflhp","timestamp":"20241122140728","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Piotrk\u00f3w Trybunalski","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q158004","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q158004","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2003-12-04T00:54:34Z","dateModified":"2024-10-19T02:45:08Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/5\/58\/Market_Square_in_Piotrkow_01.jpg","headline":"City with powiat rights of Poland"}</script> </body> </html>