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from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jose_Mascarel&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Jose Mascarel">Jose Mascarel</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American politician</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">José Mascarel</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Jose_Mascarel,_circa_1920.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Jose_Mascarel%2C_circa_1920.jpg/220px-Jose_Mascarel%2C_circa_1920.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Jose_Mascarel%2C_circa_1920.jpg/330px-Jose_Mascarel%2C_circa_1920.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Jose_Mascarel%2C_circa_1920.jpg/440px-Jose_Mascarel%2C_circa_1920.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1326" data-file-height="1768" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Mascarel in 1920</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">9th <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Los_Angeles" title="Mayor of Los Angeles">Mayor of Los Angeles</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />May 5, 1865 – May 10, 1866</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Damien_Marchesseault" title="Damien Marchesseault">Damien Marchesseault</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cristobal_Aguilar" title="Cristobal Aguilar">Cristóbal Aguilar</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">April 18, 1816<br /><a href="/wiki/Marseille" title="Marseille">Marseille</a>, France</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">October 6, 1899<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend dday deathdate">1899-10-07</span>)</span> (aged 83)<br /><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Angeles, California">Los Angeles, California</a>, US</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>José Mascarel</b> (April 18, 1816 – October 6, 1899) was a 19th−century sea captain, California landowner, investor, baker, and vintner; and a mayor of <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Angeles, California">Los Angeles, California</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal">Personal</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_Mascarel&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Personal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Birth_and_death">Birth and death</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_Mascarel&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Birth and death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mascarel was born in <a href="/wiki/Marseille,_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Marseille, France">Marseille</a> on April 18, 1816. He died of heart failure on October 6, 1899, at the age of 83 in his home at 615 Ducommun Street in Los Angeles.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A solemn <a href="/wiki/Solemn_Mass" title="Solemn Mass">high mass</a> was scheduled for the <a href="/wiki/Old_Plaza_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Plaza Church">Old Plaza Church</a>, with interment following at the Catholic <a href="/wiki/Calvary_Cemetery,_East_Los_Angeles" class="mw-redirect" title="Calvary Cemetery, East Los Angeles">Calvary Cemetery</a> in East Los Angeles.<sup id="cite_ref-Obituary_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Obituary-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-LibraryFile_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LibraryFile-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DeathRecord_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DeathRecord-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was at his death the "[second-]oldest foreigner in Los Angeles, if not in California," after <a href="/wiki/Elijah_Moulton" title="Elijah Moulton">Elijah Moulton</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Barrows_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barrows-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Marriages">Marriages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_Mascarel&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Marriages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mascarel's first marriage was in 1844 to Sevilda,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a local indigenous woman,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the <a href="/wiki/Pueblo_de_Los_%C3%81ngeles" title="Pueblo de Los Ángeles">Pueblo de Los Ángeles</a> in <a href="/wiki/Alta_California" title="Alta California">Alta California</a>. They had nine children, Charles, Jose Jr., Constance, Hortense, Marie Larquier, Josephine Twist, Margarita Drouet, Adele Kracke, and Eugenie Hoover. She died in 1890.<sup id="cite_ref-LibraryFile_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LibraryFile-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, "In spite of the opposition of relatives," the <i>Los Angeles Times</i> noted, Mascarel married Maria Jesus Benite Feliz on June 4, 1896, in a "quiet but romantic wedding" to "the woman who for thirty long years has been, to all intents and purposes," his wife.<sup id="cite_ref-Wedding_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wedding-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>Times</i> added: </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><blockquote><p>There was an attempt made to prevent the issuance of a marriage license to Mr. Mascarel, but it proved futile, as the law does not require a license to render the marriage valid in a case like this. . . . The desire to have the union made legal was brought about by the failing health of Mrs. Mascarel, who, although twenty years younger than her aged husband, is still a woman far advanced in years.<sup id="cite_ref-Wedding_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wedding-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote></dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Personality">Personality</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_Mascarel&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Personality"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In an 1899 <a href="/wiki/Public_speaking" title="Public speaking">talk</a> before the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Historical_Society_of_Southern_California&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Historical Society of Southern California (page does not exist)">Historical Society of Southern California</a>, Los Angeles historian <a href="/wiki/Henry_Dwight_Barrows" title="Henry Dwight Barrows">H.D. Barrows</a> noted that Mascarel was "physically of stalwart proportions, being over six feet in height and weighing over 200 pounds."<sup id="cite_ref-Barrows_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barrows-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another contemporary, <a href="/wiki/Horace_Bell" title="Horace Bell">Horace Bell</a>, recalled in 1881 that Mascarel was a "giant . . . with a great <a href="/wiki/Grizzly_bear" title="Grizzly bear">grizzly</a> grip."<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Barrows told his audience that: </p> <blockquote><p>While Mr. Mascarel was naturally of a retiring disposition, including  [<i><a href="/wiki/Sic" title="Sic">sic</a></i>] him to shun publicity, he was in many respects a remarkable man. He had clear-cut and eminently practical views, strong convictions and a sound judgment in business matters, which enabled him to accumulate a handsome fortune, though he gave away for charitable and other purposes, considerable sums during his lifetime. His charities, which in his later years amounted to several hundred dollars a month, were, as a rule, unknown to outsiders, i.e., to any one except himself and the beneficiaries.<sup id="cite_ref-Barrows_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barrows-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Barrows noted that Mascarel "spoke French and Spanish, but like so many natives of France who came to California, he was never quite able to master the English language."<sup id="cite_ref-Barrows_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barrows-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote><p>When General <a href="/wiki/Irwin_McDowell" class="mw-redirect" title="Irwin McDowell">Irwin McDowell</a> was commander of the <a href="/wiki/Department_of_California#Department_again_1865" title="Department of California">army on this coast</a>, after the close of the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">civil war</a>, he made Los Angeles a visit, and our people were anxious to have him receive due honors by the Mayor, which office was at the time filled by Mr. Mascarel; and they feared his unfamiliarity with the English language might cause embarrassment. But as it happened, General McDowell spoke French fluently, and so the official courtesies between him and the Mayor passed off felicitously.<sup id="cite_ref-Barrows_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barrows-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legacy">Legacy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_Mascarel&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When Mascarel died, his <a href="/wiki/Estate_(law)" title="Estate (law)">estate</a> was estimated to be worth a million dollars, but a later <a href="/wiki/Probate" title="Probate">probate</a> determined the sum to be "no more than $500,000 or $600,000. The difference may be accounted for that in his later years the old man got into the habit of <a href="/wiki/Deed" title="Deed">deeding away</a> his property to his loving friends until it was somewhat reduced," the <i>Los Angeles Times</i> reported. "A dozen or fifteen <a href="/wiki/Lawsuit" title="Lawsuit">suits</a> in this county and Santa Barbara county" were opened "to recover the property that deceased had deeded away so generously. when the <a href="/wiki/Will_(law)" class="mw-redirect" title="Will (law)">will</a> was challenged by three of his children [from his first wife]<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>—Constance M. Goytino, Hortense Mascarel and Sylvester Mascarel. . . . volley after volley of allegations of murky fraud and deceit were fired back and forth . . . until the situation had become very complicated."<sup id="cite_ref-LitigationEnded_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LitigationEnded-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The settlement gave one-fourth of the estate to Mrs. Goytino, one-fourth to Hortense Mascarel and the remaining half to six grandchildren (said to be the "offsprings of a deceased sister"),<sup id="cite_ref-ThousandsFor_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ThousandsFor-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "after $5 has first been given to the widow, Mrs. Mascarel; $2400 to Hortense Mascarel and to Mrs. Goytino, and $100 to Sylvester Mascarel." The children waived all claims to any of the property that Mascarel deeded to anyone else while he was alive. Mascarel had "provided for his wife before he died, and assigned her certain mortgages aggregating about $24,000, besides valuable property." It was agreed that the children would refund to investor Max Goldschmidt the sum of $25,000 he had paid for the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hotel_Mascarel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hotel Mascarel (page does not exist)">Hotel Mascarel</a> property in Santa Barbara in return for his giving them the deed to the hotel.<sup id="cite_ref-LitigationEnded_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LitigationEnded-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vocation">Vocation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_Mascarel&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Vocation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When José Mascarel was eleven years old, he shipped out on a French <a href="/wiki/Merchant_marine" class="mw-redirect" title="Merchant marine">merchant ship</a>, and at age 21 he joined the <a href="/wiki/Navy_of_France#19th_century_revival" class="mw-redirect" title="Navy of France">French Navy</a> for four years.<sup id="cite_ref-Barrows_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barrows-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote><p>In about the year 1840, he sailed from <a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a> for <a href="/wiki/Valparaiso" class="mw-redirect" title="Valparaiso">Valparaiso</a>. In passing <a href="/wiki/Cape_Horn" title="Cape Horn">Cape Horn</a> he had <a href="/wiki/Frostbite" title="Frostbite">both feet frozen</a>, from which he was ill when he arrived at Valparaiso. After recovering his health[,] Captain Mascarel engaged in <a href="/wiki/Coasting_trade" class="mw-redirect" title="Coasting trade">coasting trade</a> off the <a href="/wiki/Geography_of_South_America" title="Geography of South America">western coast of South America</a>, he and another party having purchased a vessel, a Chilean <a href="/wiki/Schooner" title="Schooner">schooner</a>, <i>La Joven Fanita.</i><sup id="cite_ref-Barrows_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barrows-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Mascarel sold the vessel to <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Yves_Limantour" title="Joseph Yves Limantour">Joseph Yves Limantour</a> but remained aboard as captain while trading on the California coast. In 1845 they arrived at <a href="/wiki/San_Pedro,_Los_Angeles" title="San Pedro, Los Angeles">San Pedro</a> in <a href="/wiki/Alta_California" title="Alta California">Alta California</a>, where Mascarel debarked and made his way to settle in the <a href="/wiki/Pueblo_de_Los_%C3%81ngeles" title="Pueblo de Los Ángeles">Pueblo de Los Ángeles</a>. He went to work as a <a href="/wiki/Cooper_(profession)" title="Cooper (profession)">cooper</a> for <a href="/wiki/Jean-Louis_Vignes" title="Jean-Louis Vignes">Luis Vignes</a> and then, with "two Manon brothers" started a bakery.<sup id="cite_ref-Barrows_6-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barrows-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mascarel was noted as a man "largely instrumental in building up" early Los Angeles.<sup id="cite_ref-Wedding_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wedding-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He owned property "in the very midst of the city's wholesale district" and in San Bernardino, Riverside, Ventura, and Santa Barbara Counties.<sup id="cite_ref-ThousandsFor_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ThousandsFor-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_service">Public service</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_Mascarel&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Public service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mascarel was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Common_Council" title="Los Angeles Common Council">Los Angeles Common Council</a> in 1864–65, and he was again elected on November 12, 1866, to succeed <a href="/w/index.php?title=Moritz_Morris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moritz Morris (page does not exist)">Moritz Morris</a>, who had resigned the previous month. He served also on the council in 1867 (his position was declared vacant on August 19 of that year, but he was reelected on September 2), in 1868–69 and in 1869–70 (he resigned on January 13, 1870). After the council was reformatted from an <a href="/wiki/At-large" title="At-large">at-large</a> representation to one based on <a href="/wiki/Electoral_districts" class="mw-redirect" title="Electoral districts">electoral districts</a>, he was elected to represent the 2nd Ward in 1873–74, 1874–75, 1880–81 and 1881–82.<sup id="cite_ref-Chronological_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chronological-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mascarel was a <a href="/wiki/Unionist_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Unionist (United States)">supporter of the Union government</a> during the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>, and helped to overcome a "strong <a href="/wiki/California_in_the_American_Civil_War#Secession_Crisis_in_California" title="California in the American Civil War">secessionist movement</a>" in Los Angeles at that time.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Mayor</dt></dl> <p>He served one term as the <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Los_Angeles" title="Mayor of Los Angeles">Mayor of Los Angeles</a>, from May 5, 1865, to May 10, 1866.<sup id="cite_ref-Chronological_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chronological-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was also a member of the Fire Commission.<sup id="cite_ref-Obituary_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Obituary-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During his mayoral term, he wanted to include the prohibition of weapons in the city. During the municipal campaign in 1866, a local newspaper wrote: "Wanted: a candidate for Mayor who can read and speak the English language."<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In 1871, he invested in the <a href="/wiki/Farmers_and_Merchants_Bank_of_Los_Angeles" title="Farmers and Merchants Bank of Los Angeles">Farmers and Merchants Bank of Los Angeles</a> with <a href="/wiki/Isaias_W._Hellman" title="Isaias W. Hellman">Isaias W. Hellman</a> and Charles Ducommun. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In 1874 he acquired a store on <a href="/wiki/Gower_Street,_Hollywood" class="mw-redirect" title="Gower Street, Hollywood">Gower Street</a> west of Los Angeles, which in 1886 became the city of Hollywood. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References_and_notes">References and notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_Mascarel&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References and notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Access to the <i>Los Angeles Times</i> links may require the use of a library card. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://projects.latimes.com/mapping-la/neighborhoods/neighborhood/downtown/?q=615+Ducommun+St%2C+Los+Angeles%2C+CA+90012%2C+USA&lat=34.0520622&lng=-118.2336909&g=Geocodify">[1]</a> Location of the Mascarel home on <i>Mapping L.A.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.laokay.com/38L1D43OB-38L1D43OF.htm">LAOkay</a> Mascarel had also lived in what was later called the Santa Cruz Adobe at today's North Spring Street and <a href="/wiki/Cesar_Chavez_Avenue" title="Cesar Chavez Avenue">Cesar Chavez Avenue</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Obituary-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Obituary_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Obituary_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/163948564">"Aged Pioneer Gone," <i>Los Angeles Times,</i> March 7, 1889, page 7</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LibraryFile-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LibraryFile_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LibraryFile_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dbase1.lapl.org/webpics/calindex/documents/06/376736.pdf">Florence H. Goddard, Los Angeles Public Library reference file</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DeathRecord-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DeathRecord_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/163989987">"Death Record," <i>Los Angeles Times,</i> October 8, 1899, page A-8</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Barrows-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Barrows_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barrows_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barrows_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barrows_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barrows_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barrows_6-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barrows_6-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barrows_6-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/41167750">H.D. Barrows, "Jose Mascarel," <i>Annual Publication of the Historical Society of Southern California and Pioneer Register, Los Angeles,</i> volume 4, number 3 (1899), pages 282-85</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.l0058303439?urlappend=%3Bseq=72"><i>Census of the City and County of Los Angeles, California, for the year 1850; together with and an analysis and an appendix [by] Maurice H. Newmark [and] Marco R. Newmark [Introd. By Hector Alliot]</i></a>. Times-Mirror Press. 1929. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027%2Fuc1.l0058303439?urlappend=%3Bseq=72">2027/uc1.l0058303439</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Census+of+the+City+and+County+of+Los+Angeles%2C+California%2C+for+the+year+1850%3B+together+with+and+an+analysis+and+an+appendix+%26%2391%3Bby%26%2393%3B+Maurice+H.+Newmark+%26%2391%3Band%26%2393%3B+Marco+R.+Newmark+%26%2391%3BIntrod.+By+Hector+Alliot%26%2393%3B&rft.pub=Times-Mirror+Press&rft.date=1929&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2027%2Fuc1.l0058303439%3Furlappend%3D%253Bseq%3D72&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhdl.handle.net%2F2027%2Fuc1.l0058303439%3Furlappend%3D%253Bseq%3D72&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJos%C3%A9+Mascarel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027/gri.ark:/13960/t6pz8104p?urlappend=%3Bseq=110"><i>Sixty years in Southern California, 1853-1913, containing the reminiscences of Harris Newmark</i></a>. Knickerbocker Press. 1916. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027%2Fgri.ark%3A%2F13960%2Ft6pz8104p?urlappend=%3Bseq=110">2027/gri.ark:/13960/t6pz8104p</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sixty+years+in+Southern+California%2C+1853-1913%2C+containing+the+reminiscences+of+Harris+Newmark&rft.pub=Knickerbocker+Press&rft.date=1916&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2027%2Fgri.ark%3A%2F13960%2Ft6pz8104p%3Furlappend%3D%253Bseq%3D110&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhdl.handle.net%2F2027%2Fgri.ark%3A%2F13960%2Ft6pz8104p%3Furlappend%3D%253Bseq%3D110&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJos%C3%A9+Mascarel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wedding-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wedding_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wedding_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wedding_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/163749360">"After Thirty Years: Long-Delayed Wedding of Don José Mascarel," <i>Los Angeles Times,</i> June 6, 1896</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.militarymuseum.org/ContemporyCW.html">Horace Bell, <i>Reminiscences of a Ranger; or, Early Times in Southern California</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82015104/1899-10-25/ed-1/seq-8/;words=Mascarel?date1=1899&date2=1899&searchType=advanced&language=&proxdistance=5&state=California&rows=20&ortext=Mascarel&proxtext=&phrasetext=&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&index=3">"Will of Late Jose Mascarel," <i>Sacramento Record-Union,</i> October 25, 1899, page 8</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LitigationEnded-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LitigationEnded_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LitigationEnded_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/164007725">"Mascarel Litigation Ended," <i>Los Angeles Times,</i> March 31, 1900, page I-10</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ThousandsFor-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ThousandsFor_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ThousandsFor_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/163886157">"Thousands For the Heirs," <i>Los Angeles Times,</i> August 26, 1900, page IV-1</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chronological-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Chronological_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chronological_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Chronological Record of Los Angeles City Officials,1850-1938,</i> compiled under direction of Municipal Reference Library, City Hall, Los Angeles (March 1938, reprinted 1966). "Prepared ... as a report on Project No. SA 3123-5703-6077-8121-9900 conducted under the auspices of the <a href="/wiki/Works_Progress_Administration" title="Works Progress Administration">Works Progress Administration</a>."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.culturela.org/publicart/mayorsla.pdf">City of Los Angeles Cultural Affairs Department, <i>Mayors of Los Angeles</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101126045505/http://culturela.org/publicart/mayorsla.pdf">Archived</a> 2010-11-26 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Los_Angeles%2C_California.svg/75px-Flag_of_Los_Angeles%2C_California.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Los_Angeles%2C_California.svg/113px-Flag_of_Los_Angeles%2C_California.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Los_Angeles%2C_California.svg/150px-Flag_of_Los_Angeles%2C_California.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1023" data-file-height="682" /></a></span></div></td><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpheus_P._Hodges" title="Alpheus P. Hodges">Hodges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Davis_Wilson" title="Benjamin Davis Wilson">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_G._Nichols" title="John G. Nichols">Nichols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_F._Coronel" title="Antonio F. Coronel">Coronel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Clark_Foster" title="Stephen Clark Foster">S. Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Foster_(American_mayor)" title="Thomas Foster (American mayor)">T. Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Clark_Foster" title="Stephen Clark Foster">S. Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_G._Nichols" title="John G. Nichols">Nichols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damien_Marchesseault" title="Damien Marchesseault">Marchesseault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Mellus" title="Henry Mellus">Mellus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damien_Marchesseault" title="Damien Marchesseault">Marchesseault</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mascarel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cristobal_Aguilar" title="Cristobal Aguilar">Aguilar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joel_Turner_(mayor)" title="Joel Turner (mayor)">Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cristobal_Aguilar" title="Cristobal Aguilar">Aguilar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_R._Toberman" title="James R. Toberman">Toberman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prudent_Beaudry" title="Prudent Beaudry">Beaudry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_A._MacDougall" title="Frederick A. MacDougall">MacDougall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Cohn_(politician)" title="Bernard Cohn (politician)">Cohn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_R._Toberman" title="James R. Toberman">Toberman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameron_E._Thom" title="Cameron E. Thom">Thom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Falles_Spence" title="Edward Falles Spence">Spence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_H._Workman" title="William H. Workman">Workman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bryson_(mayor)" title="John Bryson (mayor)">Bryson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_T._Hazard" title="Henry T. Hazard">Hazard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_E._Rowan" title="Thomas E. Rowan">Rowan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Rader" title="Frank Rader">Rader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meredith_P._Snyder" title="Meredith P. Snyder">Snyder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Eaton" title="Frederick Eaton">Eaton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meredith_P._Snyder" title="Meredith P. Snyder">Snyder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owen_McAleer" title="Owen McAleer">McAleer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Cyprian_Harper" title="Arthur Cyprian Harper">Harper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Stephens_(American_politician)" title="William Stephens (American politician)">Stephens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Alexander_(American_politician)" title="George Alexander (American politician)">Alexander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_H._Rose" title="Henry H. Rose">Rose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_E._Sebastian" title="Charles E. Sebastian">Sebastian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederic_T._Woodman" title="Frederic T. Woodman">Woodman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meredith_P._Snyder" title="Meredith P. Snyder">Snyder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_E._Cryer" title="George E. Cryer">Cryer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Clinton_Porter" title="John Clinton Porter">Porter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_L._Shaw" title="Frank L. Shaw">Shaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fletcher_Bowron" title="Fletcher Bowron">Bowron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norris_Poulson" title="Norris Poulson">Poulson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Yorty" title="Sam Yorty">Yorty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Bradley_(mayor)" title="Tom Bradley (mayor)">Bradley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Riordan" title="Richard Riordan">Riordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Hahn" title="James Hahn">Hahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Villaraigosa" title="Antonio Villaraigosa">Villaraigosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Garcetti" title="Eric Garcetti">Garcetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karen_Bass" title="Karen Bass">Bass</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_Los_Angeles.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of Los Angeles, CA"><img alt="Seal of Los Angeles, CA" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Seal_of_Los_Angeles.svg/100px-Seal_of_Los_Angeles.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Seal_of_Los_Angeles.svg/150px-Seal_of_Los_Angeles.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Seal_of_Los_Angeles.svg/200px-Seal_of_Los_Angeles.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Members_of_the_Los_Angeles_Common_Council_(1850–1889)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #FCC200;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:LosAngelesCommonCouncil" title="Template:LosAngelesCommonCouncil"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:LosAngelesCommonCouncil" title="Template talk:LosAngelesCommonCouncil"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:LosAngelesCommonCouncil" title="Special:EditPage/Template:LosAngelesCommonCouncil"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Members_of_the_Los_Angeles_Common_Council_(1850–1889)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Members of the <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Common_Council" title="Los Angeles Common Council">Los Angeles Common Council</a> (1850–1889)</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: #FCC200;"><div><b>Presidents:</b> <div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_W._Alexander" title="David W. Alexander">Alexander</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Requena" title="Manuel Requena">Requena</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Mellus" title="Francis Mellus">Mellus</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/John_G._Nichols" title="John G. Nichols">Nichols</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ezra_Drown" title="Ezra Drown">Drown</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_F._Coronel" title="Antonio F. Coronel">Coronel</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Nehemiah_A._Potter" title="Nehemiah A. Potter">Potter</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Abel_Stearns" title="Abel Stearns">Sterns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Wallace_Woodworth" title="Wallace Woodworth">Woodworth</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Huber_Sr." title="Joseph Huber Sr.">Huber</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/William_H._Perry_(businessman)" title="William H. Perry (businessman)">Perry</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Murray_Morrison" title="Murray Morrison">Morrison</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/John_King_(Los_Angeles_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="John King (Los Angeles politician)">King</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/John_Jones_and_Doria_Deighton-Jones" class="mw-redirect" title="John Jones and Doria Deighton-Jones">Jones</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/H.K.S._O%27Melveny" class="mw-redirect" title="H.K.S. O'Melveny">O'Melveny</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Sabichi" title="Frank Sabichi">Sabichi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Prudent_Beaudry" title="Prudent Beaudry">Beaudry</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_A._MacDougall" title="Frederick A. MacDougall">MacDougall</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Cohn_(politician)" title="Bernard Cohn (politician)">Cohn</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_J._Beck" title="Samuel J. Beck">Beck</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/William_B._Lawlor" title="William B. Lawlor">Lawlor</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Falles_Spence" title="Edward Falles Spence">Spence</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/John_P._Moran" title="John P. Moran">Moran</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Scott_Moore" title="Walter Scott Moore">Moore</a></li><li>Miles</li><li><a href="/wiki/Hiram_Sinsabaugh" title="Hiram Sinsabaugh">Sinsabaugh</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Levi_Newton_Breed" title="Levi Newton Breed">Breed</a></li><li>Humphreys</li><li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Kuhrts" title="Jacob Kuhrts">Kuhrts</a></li></ul></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;;width:1%">Members <br /> (1850–1870)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cristobal_Aguilar" title="Cristobal Aguilar">Cristobal Aguilar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_W._Alexander" title="David W. Alexander">David W. Alexander</a></li> <li>David Anderson</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Baldwin_(Los_Angeles_pioneer)" title="James Baldwin (Los Angeles pioneer)">James Baldwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Baltz" title="Peter Baltz">Peter Baltz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phineas_Banning" title="Phineas Banning">Phineas Banning</a></li> <li>John Barre</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Bayer" title="Joseph Bayer">Joseph Bayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Bell_(California_merchant)" title="Alexander Bell (California merchant)">Alexander Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionisio_Botiller" title="Dionisio Botiller">Dionisio Botiller</a></li> <li>Leonicio Botiller</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narciso_Botello" title="Narciso Botello">Narciso Botello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_A._Boyle" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrew A. Boyle">Andrew A. Boyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Henry_Carson" title="George Henry Carson">George Henry Carson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Bradford_Caswell" title="Samuel Bradford Caswell">Samuel Bradford Caswell</a></li> <li>Caro W. Childs</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozro_W._Childs" title="Ozro W. Childs">Ozro W. Childs</a></li> <li>T. B. Collins</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Franco_Coronel" class="mw-redirect" title="Antonio Franco Coronel">Antonio Franco Coronel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ygnacio_Coronel" title="Ygnacio Coronel">Ygnacio Coronel</a></li> <li>George Dalton</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ygnacio_del_Valle" title="Ygnacio del Valle">Ygnacio del Valle</a></li> <li>Jose Maria Doporto</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_McKenzie_Dodson" title="Arthur McKenzie Dodson">Arthur McKenzie Dodson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Gately_Downey" class="mw-redirect" title="John Gately Downey">John Gately Downey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezra_Drown" title="Ezra Drown">Ezra Drown</a></li> <li>James Edwards</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Clark_Foster" title="Stephen Clark Foster">Stephen Clark Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Frohling" title="John Frohling">John Frohling</a></li> <li>Ira Gilchrist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morris_L._Goodman" title="Morris L. Goodman">Morris L. Goodman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Goller" title="John Goller">John Goller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Granger" title="Lewis Granger">Lewis Granger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Strother_Griffin" title="John Strother Griffin">John Strother Griffin</a></li> <li>Joseph Lancaster Grant</li> <li>Jose Vicente Guerrero</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_A._Hoover" title="Vincent A. Hoover">Vincent A. Hoover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_W._Hope" title="Alexander W. Hope">Alexander W. Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Huber_Sr." title="Joseph Huber Sr.">Joseph Huber Sr.</a></li> <li>Arnold Jacobi</li> <li>Charles H. Johnson</li> <li>John F. Jones</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilson_W._Jones" title="Wilson W. Jones">Wilson W. Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Keller" title="Matthew Keller">Matthew Keller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_King_(Los_Angeles_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="John King (Los Angeles politician)">John King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Lazard" title="Solomon Lazard">Solomon Lazard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obed_Macy" title="Obed Macy">Obed Macy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damien_Marchesseault" title="Damien Marchesseault">Damien Marchesseault</a></li> <li>Luis B. Martinez</li> <li>Hiram McLaughlin</li> <li>Lewis Meinzer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Mellus" title="Francis Mellus">Francis Mellus</a></li> <li>Jacob Metzger</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Moore_(surveyor)" title="William Moore (surveyor)">William Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_L._and_Morris_Moritz" title="Julius L. and Morris Moritz">Moritz Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murray_Morrison" title="Murray Morrison">Murray Morrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elijah_Moulton" title="Elijah Moulton">Elijah Moulton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_R._Myles" title="Henry R. Myles">Henry R. Myles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myron_Norton" title="Myron Norton">Myron Norton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agustin_Olvera" class="mw-redirect" title="Agustin Olvera">Agustin Olvera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_H._Perry_(Los_Angeles)" class="mw-redirect" title="William H. Perry (Los Angeles)">William H. Perry</a></li> <li>William H. Peterson</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nehemiah_A._Potter" title="Nehemiah A. Potter">Nehemiah A. Potter</a></li> <li>David M. Porter</li> <li>Augustine Poulain</li> <li>William R. Rand</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Requena" title="Manuel Requena">Manuel Requena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Whipple_Robinson" title="William Whipple Robinson">William Whipple Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Roeder" title="Louis Roeder">Louis Roeder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomas_A._Sanchez" class="mw-redirect" title="Tomas A. Sanchez">Tomas A. Sanchez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_T._B._Sanford" class="mw-redirect" title="William T. B. Sanford">William T. B. Sanford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Schumacher_(Los_Angeles_pioneer)" title="John Schumacher (Los Angeles pioneer)">John Schumacher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Mar%C3%ADa_Sep%C3%BAlveda" title="Juan María Sepúlveda">Juan María Sepúlveda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Sichel" title="Philip Sichel">Philip Sichel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felix_Signoret" title="Felix Signoret">Felix Signoret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abel_Stearns" title="Abel Stearns">Abel Stearns</a></li> <li>Eli Taylor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Jonathan Temple">Jonathan Temple</a></li> <li>John B. Thompson</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_R._Toberman" title="James R. Toberman">James R. Toberman</a></li> <li>John Turner</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_Ulyard" class="mw-redirect" title="August Ulyard">August Ulyard</a></li> <li>Juan C. Vejar</li> <li>Collins Wadhams</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Wartenberg" title="Henry Wartenberg">Henry Wartenberg</a></li> <li>Jacob Weizel</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ozias_Wheeler" title="John Ozias Wheeler">John Ozias Wheeler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_N._Whitman" title="George N. Whitman">George N. Whitman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Davis_Wilson" title="Benjamin Davis Wilson">Benjamin Davis Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Brown_Winston" title="James Brown Winston">James Brown Winston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallace_Woodworth" title="Wallace Woodworth">Wallace Woodworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geronimo_Ybarra" title="Geronimo Ybarra">Geronimo Ybarra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;;width:1%">Wards <br /> (1870–1889)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;;width:1%">1st Ward</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Julian_A._Chavez" class="mw-redirect" title="Julian A. Chavez">Julian A. Chavez</a></li> <li>Bernard Dubourdin</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Jones_and_Doria_Deighton-Jones" class="mw-redirect" title="John Jones and Doria Deighton-Jones">John Jones</a></li> <li>Thornton P. Campbell</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Macy" title="Oscar Macy">Oscar Macy</a></li> <li>Julian Valdes</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Mullaly" title="Joseph Mullaly">Joseph Mullaly</a></li> <li>George R. Long</li> <li>Jacob F. Gherkins</li> <li>Ramon R. Sotelo</li> <li>Joseph G. Carmona</li> <li>F. Tamiet</li> <li>B. Valle</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayetano_Apablasa" title="Cayetano Apablasa">Cayetano Apablasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezra_Hamilton" title="Ezra Hamilton">Ezra M. Hamilton</a></li> <li>Louis Meinzer</li> <li>John Schaeffer</li> <li>R. L. Beauchet</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Norton_Monroe" class="mw-redirect" title="William Norton Monroe">William Norton Monroe</a></li> <li>J. G. Bower</li> <li>Clinton S. Scheiffelin</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Schroeder" title="Charles W. Schroeder">Charles W. Schroeder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Thomas_Lambie" title="William Thomas Lambie">William Thomas Lambie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Velsir" title="James Velsir">James Velsir</a></li> <li>Thomas Goss</li> <li>George L. Stearns</li> <li>Edward A. Gibbs</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Hanley_(California_politician)" title="James Hanley (California politician)">James Hanley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newell_Mathews" title="Newell Mathews">Newell Mathews</a></li> <li>C. N. Earl</li> <li>George O. Ford</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;;width:1%">2nd Ward</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Ferguson_(Los_Angeles_pioneer)" title="William Ferguson (Los Angeles pioneer)">William Ferguson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Fall" title="George Fall">George Fall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Teed" title="Matthew Teed">Matthew Teed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prudent_Beaudry" title="Prudent Beaudry">Prudent Beaudry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_H._Workman" title="William H. Workman">William H. Workman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jose_Mascarel" class="mw-redirect" title="Jose Mascarel">Jose Mascarel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Lichtenberger" title="Louis Lichtenberger">Louis Lichtenberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Kuhrts" title="Jacob Kuhrts">Jacob Kuhrts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Cohn_(politician)" title="Bernard Cohn (politician)">Bernard Cohn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_W._Potts" title="James W. Potts">James W. Potts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Edward_Hollenbeck" title="John Edward Hollenbeck">John Edward Hollenbeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._C._Lips" title="C. C. Lips">C. C. Lips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Molony_(carriage_maker)" title="Richard Molony (carriage maker)">Richard Molony</a></li> <li>Jesse Houston Butler</li> <li>John Bobenreith</li> <li>H. Schumacher</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pascal_Ballade" title="Pascal Ballade">Pascal Ballade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Hammel_(California)" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Hammel (California)">Henry Hammel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_R._Day" title="Frank R. Day">Frank R. Day</a></li> <li>John Frederick Holbrook</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_V._Biscailuz" title="Martin V. Biscailuz">Martin V. Biscailuz</a></li> <li>Michael Thomas Collins</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._Cuddy" title="Thomas J. Cuddy">Thomas J. Cuddy</a></li> <li>John Moriarty</li> <li>H. T. D. Wilson</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;;width:1%">3rd Ward</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Sabichi" title="Frank Sabichi">Frank Sabichi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Dockweiler" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Dockweiler">Henry Dockweiler</a></li> <li>William S. Hammel Sr.</li> <li>John Osborn</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elijah_H._Workman" title="Elijah H. Workman">Elijah H. Workman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H.K.S._O%27Melveny" class="mw-redirect" title="H.K.S. O'Melveny">H.K.S. O'Melveny</a></li> <li>William H. Dennison</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eulogio_F._de_Celis" title="Eulogio F. de Celis">Eulogio F. de Celis</a></li> <li>William Osborn</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_E._Huber" title="Charles E. Huber">Charles E. Huber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_W._Wolfskill_and_Louis_Wolfskill" title="Joseph W. Wolfskill and Louis Wolfskill">Louis Wolfskill</a></li> <li>Thomas Leahy</li> <li><a href="/wiki/D.V._Waldron" class="mw-redirect" title="D.V. Waldron">D.V. Waldron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisha_K._Green" title="Elisha K. Green">Elisha K. Green</a></li> <li>John S. Thompson</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_H._Jones_and_Carrie_Otis_Jones" title="John H. Jones and Carrie Otis Jones">John H. Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Fenner_Kercheval" title="Albert Fenner Kercheval">Albert Fenner Kercheval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Brode" title="Charles Brode">Charles Brode</a></li> <li>Simon A. Francis</li> <li>S. H. Buchanan</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Falles_Spence" title="Edward Falles Spence">Edward Falles Spence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Gephard" title="George Gephard">George Gephard</a></li> <li>Andrew S. Ryan</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Steere" title="Robert Steere">Robert Steere</a></li> <li>J. B. O'Neil</li> <li>Charles Gassen</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_R._Johnson_(California_merchant)" title="Charles R. Johnson (California merchant)">Charles R. Johnson</a></li> <li>Loring A. French</li> <li>Albert Brown</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levi_Newton_Breed" title="Levi Newton Breed">Levi Newton Breed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Wadsworth_Jones" title="Edward Wadsworth Jones">Edward Wadsworth Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_C._Bosbyshell" title="Edward C. Bosbyshell">Edward C. Bosbyshell</a></li> <li>John F. Humphreys</li> <li>J. H. Book</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Bryant" title="John Henry Bryant">John Henry Bryant</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;;width:1%">4th Ward</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_H._Workman" title="William H. Workman">William H. Workman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_J._Beck" title="Samuel J. Beck">Samuel J. Beck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Marshall_Perry" title="Samuel Marshall Perry">Samuel Marshall Perry</a></li> <li>O. H. Bliss</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Cohn_(politician)" title="Bernard Cohn (politician)">Bernard Cohn</a></li> <li>Burdette Chandler</li> <li>George Kerckhoff</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_W._Wolfskill_and_Louis_Wolfskill" title="Joseph W. Wolfskill and Louis Wolfskill">Joseph W. Wolfskill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Louis_Bush" title="Alfred Louis Bush">Alfred Louis Bush</a></li> <li>D. E. Miles</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Sabichi" title="Frank Sabichi">Frank Sabichi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milton_Santee" title="Milton Santee">Milton Santee</a></li> <li>James D. Bullis</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lovell_(grocer)" title="John Lovell (grocer)">John Lovell</a></li> <li>Joseph Hyans</li> <li>Anthony McNally</li> <li>Edward R. Threlkeld</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;;width:1%">5th Ward</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_B._Lawlor" title="William B. Lawlor">William B. Lawlor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_R._Vail" title="Nathan R. Vail">Nathan R. Vail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Greer_McDonald" title="James Greer McDonald">James Greer McDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_P._Moran" title="John P. Moran">John P. Moran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Scott_Moore" title="Walter Scott Moore">Walter Scott Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_G._Weyse" title="Otto G. Weyse">Otto G. Weyse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Michael_McGarry" title="Daniel Michael McGarry">Daniel Michael McGarry</a></li> <li>John B. Niles</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiram_Sinsabaugh" title="Hiram Sinsabaugh">Hiram Sinsabaugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyrus_Willard" title="Cyrus Willard">Cyrus Willard</a></li> <li>Jacob Frankenfeld</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horace_Hiller" title="Horace Hiller">Horace Hiller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._W._Barrett" title="A. W. Barrett">A. W. Barrett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin_C._Shafer" class="mw-redirect" title="Austin C. Shafer">Austin C. 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