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<span>Culture and geography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culture_and_geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Language" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Language"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Language</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Language-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Basketry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Basketry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Basketry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Basketry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Today" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Today"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Today</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Today-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_Kucadikadi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_Kucadikadi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notable Kucad<s>i</s>kad<s>i</s></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_Kucadikadi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ethnic group</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Kucadɨkadɨ</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nellie_Charlie.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Nellie_Charlie.jpg/220px-Nellie_Charlie.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="277" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d8/Nellie_Charlie.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="297" data-file-height="374" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Nellie_Charlie" title="Nellie Charlie">Nellie Charlie</a>, a member of the Kucadikadi band, early 20th century</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Regions with significant populations</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> United States (<span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/California" title="California"><img alt="California" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/23px-Flag_of_California.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/35px-Flag_of_California.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/45px-Flag_of_California.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Languages</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Paiute_language" title="Northern Paiute language">Northern Paiute language</a>, English language</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Religion</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Traditional tribal religion, <a href="/wiki/Shamanism" title="Shamanism">Shamanism</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Related ethnic groups</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">other <a href="/wiki/Northern_Paiute" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Paiute">Northern Paiute</a> people, <a href="/wiki/Mono_tribe" class="mw-redirect" title="Mono tribe">Mono tribe</a> (including <a href="/wiki/Owens_Valley_Paiute" class="mw-redirect" title="Owens Valley Paiute">Owens Valley Paiute</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-blm_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-blm-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Western_Shoshone" title="Western Shoshone">Western Shoshone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yokuts" title="Yokuts">Yokuts</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Kucadɨkadɨ</b> are a band of Eastern Mono <a href="/wiki/Northern_Paiute" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Paiute">Northern Paiute</a> people who live near <a href="/wiki/Mono_Lake,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Mono Lake, California">Mono Lake</a> in <a href="/wiki/Mono_County,_California" title="Mono County, California">Mono County, California</a>. They are the southernmost band of Northern Paiute.<sup id="cite_ref-fl437_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fl437-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-house_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-house-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name">Name</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kucadikadi&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Name"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kucadɨkadɨ means "eaters of the <a href="/wiki/Brine_fly" class="mw-redirect" title="Brine fly">brine fly</a> pupae". They are also known as the Kutsavidökadö, Koza'bittukut'teh, Kotsa'va, Mono Lake Paiute,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mono Basin Paiute,<sup id="cite_ref-house_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-house-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Kuzedika,<sup id="cite_ref-blm_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-blm-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the tribe itself calls themselves Kootzaduka’a.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term "Mono Lake Paiute," a holdover from early <a href="/wiki/Anthropological" class="mw-redirect" title="Anthropological">anthropological</a> <a href="/wiki/Literature" title="Literature">literature</a>, has proven problematic.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term "Mono" is from a <a href="/wiki/Yokutsan_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Yokutsan languages">Yokutsan</a> <a href="/wiki/Loanword" title="Loanword">loanword</a> from the tribe's southwestern neighbors, the <a href="/wiki/Yokuts" title="Yokuts">Yokuts</a>, who designated the band living around Mono Lake as <i>monachie/monoache</i> ("<a href="/wiki/Fly" title="Fly">fly</a> people") because fly <a href="/wiki/Larva" title="Larva">larvae</a> were their chief food staple and trading article. Later researchers believed this term referred to both the Kucadɨkadɨ and their southern Mono neighbors who now bear this name. Most confusingly, while Mono stuck to the unrelated people to the south, it also correctly stuck to the lake around which the Kucad<s>i</s>kad<s>i</s> live. Lamb gives the <a href="/wiki/Mono_language_(Native_American)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mono language (Native American)">Mono language</a> name as kwicathyhka', "<a href="/wiki/Larva" title="Larva">larvae</a> eaters", or Mono Lake Paviotso.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Yosemite-Mono Lake Paiute group trace the origins of the Ahwahnichi, the original inhabitants of the park, to Chief Tenaya’s group, which is the band documented in Bunnell’s accounts. Andrews said that Tenaya led a band of Paiutes that migrated from the Mono Lake area and settled in villages in Yosemite. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture_and_geography">Culture and geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kucadikadi&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Culture and geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Kucadɨkadɨ's homeland surrounds Mono Lake in eastern <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, but they traditionally traveled to <a href="/wiki/Walker_Lake,_Nevada" title="Walker Lake, Nevada">Walker Lake, Nevada</a> for seasonal subsistence activities. Mono Lake is a high piedmont area of the <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Nevada_(U.S.)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sierra Nevada (U.S.)">Sierra Nevada</a>, the average elevation in the Mono Lake basin is around 6,400 feet (2,000 m) above sea level. The surrounding mountains range from 9,000 to 13,000 ft (2,700 to 4,000 m) in elevation. Mono Lake is extremely saline and is home to several waterfowl species and the brine fly, or <i><a href="/wiki/Ephydra_hians" title="Ephydra hians">Ephydra hians</a></i> or <i><a href="/wiki/Hydropyrus_hians" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydropyrus hians">Hydropyrus hians</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-house_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-house-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from which the band takes its name.<sup id="cite_ref-fl437_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fl437-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Pinus_monophylla" title="Pinus monophylla">Pinus monophylla</a></i> or piñon pine has been an important source of food, as were jackrabbits, deer, mountain sheep, and the coloradia Pandora moth.<sup id="cite_ref-blm_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-blm-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The extended family formed the band's basic social units, which moved together as a group. They traded with <a href="/wiki/Owens_Valley_Paiute" class="mw-redirect" title="Owens Valley Paiute">Owens Valley Paiute</a><sup id="cite_ref-blm_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-blm-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Western_Mono" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Mono">Western Mono</a>. </p><p>Three late 19th-century winter houses belonging to the tribe have been excavated by archaeologists. They are conical houses constructed with posts of <a href="/wiki/Utah_juniper" class="mw-redirect" title="Utah juniper">Utah juniper</a> or <i><a href="/wiki/Juniperus_osteosperma" title="Juniperus osteosperma">Juniperus osteosperma</a></i>. Winter houses of this type, called <i><a href="/wiki/Tomogani" class="mw-redirect" title="Tomogani">tomogani</a></i>, were built by the band up to 1920.<sup id="cite_ref-house_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-house-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Language">Language</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kucadikadi&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Language"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Kucadɨkadɨ speak the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Paiute_language" title="Northern Paiute language">Northern Paiute language</a>, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Numic" class="mw-redirect" title="Numic">Numic</a> branch of the <a href="/wiki/Uto-Aztecan_languages" title="Uto-Aztecan languages">Uto-Aztecan language</a> family.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Numu (Northern Paiute) language is spoken by a wide number of different tribes, residing across the western United States, from Mono Lake in eastern California, and extending into Nevada, Oregon, and Idaho. Extending further in the United States of America, the Northern Paiute language is connected to the language of the Shoshoni, who live in Death Valley, and east and north California, as well as that of the <a href="/wiki/Kawaiisu" title="Kawaiisu">Kawaiisu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ute_people" title="Ute people">Ute people</a>, who live in southern California, Nevada, Utah, and Arizona.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Basketry">Basketry</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kucadikadi&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Basketry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Carrie_Bethel_basket.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Carrie_Bethel_basket.jpg/220px-Carrie_Bethel_basket.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Carrie_Bethel_basket.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="242" data-file-height="200" /></a><figcaption>Fine coiled basket made by <a href="/wiki/Carrie_Bethel" title="Carrie Bethel">Carrie Bethel</a>, 30" diameter basket, 1931–1935</figcaption></figure> <p>The band is well known for its basketry, they wove coiled baskets as well as twined baskets.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Bracken_fern" class="mw-redirect" title="Bracken fern">Bracken fern</a> and <a href="/wiki/Redbud" class="mw-redirect" title="Redbud">redbud</a> provide color for designs on coiled baskets.<sup id="cite_ref-d35_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-d35-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, encroachment of non-Natives in their territory disrupted traditional hunting and gathering lifestyles, so members of the tribe relied on the tourist trade. Selling elaborate baskets to non-Indian tourists became a viable way of making a living. </p><p>Glass beads were introduced by non-natives, and Kucadɨkadɨ women began incorporating the seed beads into their baskets by 1908.<sup id="cite_ref-d35_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-d35-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Today">Today</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kucadikadi&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Today"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many members of the Kucadɨkadɨ band are enrolled in federally recognized <a href="/wiki/Bishop_Paiute_Tribe" title="Bishop Paiute Tribe">Bishop Paiute</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washoe_people" title="Washoe people">Washoe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yokuts" title="Yokuts">Yokut</a>, <a href="/wiki/Miwok" title="Miwok">Miwok</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Western_Mono" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Mono">Western Mono</a> tribes. Others are seeking recognition as the Sierra Southern Miwuk<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Mono Lake Indian Community, headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Lee_Vining,_California" title="Lee Vining, California">Lee Vining, California</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_Kucadikadi">Notable Kucad<s>i</s>kad<s>i</s></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kucadikadi&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Notable Kucadikadi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lucy_telles_Paiute_in_Yosemite.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lucy_telles_Paiute_in_Yosemite.jpg/180px-Lucy_telles_Paiute_in_Yosemite.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="229" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lucy_telles_Paiute_in_Yosemite.jpg/270px-Lucy_telles_Paiute_in_Yosemite.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/Lucy_telles_Paiute_in_Yosemite.jpg 2x" data-file-width="315" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Lucy_Telles" title="Lucy Telles">Lucy Telles</a> in front of her <i><a href="/wiki/Tomogani" class="mw-redirect" title="Tomogani">tomogani</a></i> with her largest basket, <a href="/wiki/Yosemite_National_Park" title="Yosemite National Park">Yosemite National Park</a>, 1933</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carrie_Bethel" title="Carrie Bethel">Carrie Bethel</a> (1898–1974), basket weaver</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nellie_Charlie" title="Nellie Charlie">Nellie Charlie</a> (1867–1965), basket weaver</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tina_Charlie" title="Tina Charlie">Tina Charlie</a> (1869-1962), basket weaver</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucy_Telles" title="Lucy Telles">Lucy Telles</a> (ca. 1870/1885–1955/6), basket weaver</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kucadikadi&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-blm-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-blm_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-blm_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-blm_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-blm_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Busby, Colin I., John M. Findlay, and James C. Bard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blm.gov/heritage/adventures/research/StatePages/PDFs/California/coleville_bodie_benton.pdf">"A Culture Resource Overview of the Bureau of Land Management Coleville, Bodie, Benton, and Owens Valley Planning Units, California."</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110614233549/http://www.blm.gov/heritage/adventures/research/StatePages/PDFs/California/coleville_bodie_benton.pdf">Archived</a> June 14, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>Bureau of Land Management, California</i>. (retrieved September 1, 2010)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fl437-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fl437_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fl437_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Fowler and Liljeblad 437</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-house-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-house_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-house_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-house_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-house_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Arkush, Brooke S. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170817123520/http://escholarship.org/uc/item/87s7r4c3.pdf">"Historic Northern Paiute Winter Houses in Mono Basin, California."</a> <i>Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology</i>. 9 (2) 1987 (retrieved August 31, 2010)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fowler and Liljeblad 464</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://monolaketribe.us/mono-lake-kootzadukaa-tribe/numu-tubewa/">"Numu Tubewa"</a>. <i>Mono Lake Kootzaduka'a Tribe</i>. 2020-09-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-01-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mono+Lake+Kootzaduka%27a+Tribe&rft.atitle=Numu+Tubewa&rft.date=2020-09-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmonolaketribe.us%2Fmono-lake-kootzadukaa-tribe%2Fnumu-tubewa%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKucadikadi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kelly and Fowler 394</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sydney M. Lamb. 1957. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://linguistics.berkeley.edu/~survey/documents/dissertations/lamb-1958.pdf"><i>Mono Grammar</i></a>. University of California. Berkeley PhD dissertation. pdf</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pritzker 224</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paiute.ucsc.edu/#two">"Northern Paiute Language Project"</a>. <i>paiute.ucsc.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-10-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=paiute.ucsc.edu&rft.atitle=Northern+Paiute+Language+Project&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpaiute.ucsc.edu%2F%23two&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKucadikadi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dalrymple 33</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-d35-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-d35_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-d35_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Dalrymple 35</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thehive.modbee.com/node/11680">"Brian Bibby, California Indian ethnologist, gets it right the first time about Yosemite Indians."</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110629122637/http://thehive.modbee.com/node/11680">Archived</a> 2011-06-29 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>Modesto Bee: The Hive</i>. January 18, 2008 (retrieved August 31, 2010)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://infodome.sdsu.edu/research/guides/calindians/calinddictmp.shtml#monocomm">"California Indians and Their Reservations."</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100726214650/http://infodome.sdsu.edu/research/guides/calindians/calinddictmp.shtml#monocomm">Archived</a> 2010-07-26 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>SDSU Library and Information Access.</i> retrieved September 1, 2010</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kucadikadi&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Fowler, Catherine S. and Sven Liljeblad. "Northern Paiute". <i>Handbook of North American Indians: Great Basin, Volume 11</i>. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1986. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-16-004581-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-16-004581-3">978-0-16-004581-3</a>.</li> <li>Kelly, Isabel T. and Catherine S. Fowler. "Southern Paiute". <i>Handbook of North American Indians: Great Basin, Volume 11</i>. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1986: 368-397. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-16-004581-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-16-004581-3">978-0-16-004581-3</a>.</li> <li>Pritzker, Barry M. <i>A Native American Encyclopedia: History, Culture, and Peoples</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-513877-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-513877-1">978-0-19-513877-1</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kucadikadi&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130415165701/http://www.reznetnews.org/multimedia/video/native-american-story-mono-lake-paiute-9280">"Native American Story of Mono Lake Paiute"</a>, Reznet News video</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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.navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=California&#124;link=California_Indigenous_peoples_of_California" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#deb887;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 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id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=California&#124;link=California_Indigenous_peoples_of_California" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/California" title="California"><img alt="California" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/23px-Flag_of_California.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/35px-Flag_of_California.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/45px-Flag_of_California.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_California" title="Indigenous peoples of California">Indigenous peoples of California</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achomawi" title="Achomawi">Achomawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acjachemen" title="Acjachemen">Acjachemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahwahnechee" title="Ahwahnechee">Ahwahnechee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atsugewi" title="Atsugewi">Atsugewi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_Miwok" title="Bay Miwok">Bay Miwok</a> (<a href="/wiki/Saklan_tribe" title="Saklan tribe">Saklan</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cahuilla" title="Cahuilla">Cahuilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemehuevi" title="Chemehuevi">Chemehuevi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chimariko_people" title="Chimariko people">Chimariko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chumash_people" title="Chumash people">Chumash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coast_Miwok" title="Coast Miwok">Coast Miwok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cupe%C3%B1o" title="Cupeño">Cupeño</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eel_River_Athapaskan_peoples" title="Eel River Athapaskan peoples">Eel River Athapaskans</a> (Lassik, Nongatl, Sinkyone, Wailaki)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esselen" title="Esselen">Esselen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halchidhoma" title="Halchidhoma">Halchidhoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hupa" title="Hupa">Hupa</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chilula" title="Chilula">Chilula</a>, <a href="/wiki/Whilkut" title="Whilkut">Whilkut</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karuk" title="Karuk">Karuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cahto" title="Cahto">Cahto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawaiisu" title="Kawaiisu">Kawaiisu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitanemuk" title="Kitanemuk">Kitanemuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kizh" title="Kizh">Kizh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumeyaay" title="Kumeyaay">Kumeyaay</a> (Diegueño, Ipai, Tipai)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Miwok" title="Lake Miwok">Lake Miwok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luise%C3%B1o" title="Luiseño">Luiseño</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maidu" title="Maidu">Maidu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mattole" title="Mattole">Mattole</a> (Bear River)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mechoopda" title="Mechoopda">Mechoopda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modoc_people" title="Modoc people">Modoc</a> (Klamath)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohave_people" title="Mohave people">Mohave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mono_people" title="Mono people">Mono</a> (Monache, Owens Valley Paiute)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nisenan" title="Nisenan">Nisenan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nomlaki" title="Nomlaki">Nomlaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Paiute" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Paiute">Northern Paiute</a> (<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kucadikadi</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohlone" title="Ohlone">Ohlone</a> <ul><li>Costanoan</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramaytush" title="Ramaytush">Ramaytush</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patwin" title="Patwin">Patwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomo" title="Pomo">Pomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quechan" title="Quechan">Quechan</a> (Yuma)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salinan" title="Salinan">Salinan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serrano_people" title="Serrano people">Serrano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shasta_people" title="Shasta people">Shasta</a> (Konomihu, Okwanuchu)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tataviam" title="Tataviam">Tataviam</a> (Fernandeño)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timbisha" title="Timbisha">Timbisha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolowa" title="Tolowa">Tolowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongva" title="Tongva">Tongva</a> (Gabrieliño)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCbatulabal" title="Tübatulabal">Tübatulabal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plains_and_Sierra_Miwok" title="Plains and Sierra Miwok">Plains and Sierra Miwok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanyume" title="Vanyume">Vanyume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wappo" title="Wappo">Wappo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washoe_people" title="Washoe people">Washoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wintu" title="Wintu">Wintu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiyot" title="Wiyot">Wiyot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wukchumni" title="Wukchumni">Wukchumni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yana_people" title="Yana people">Yana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokuts" title="Yokuts">Yokuts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuki_people" title="Yuki people">Yuki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yurok" title="Yurok">Yurok</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kucadikadi&oldid=1254220905">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kucadikadi&oldid=1254220905</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Indigenous_peoples_of_California" title="Category:Indigenous peoples of California">Indigenous peoples of California</a></li><li><a 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