CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Standardni model čestica – Wikipedija/Википедија</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )shwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t.",".\t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""], "wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy sh-latn","wgMonthNames":["","januar","februar","mart","april","maj","juni","juli","august","septembar","oktobar","novembar","decembar"],"wgRequestId":"97dfb46f-7c0f-4bfa-8c0a-fdb96f42db5d","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Standardni_model_čestica","wgTitle":"Standardni model čestica","wgCurRevisionId":41015681,"wgRevisionId":41015681,"wgArticleId":4497183,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Fizika elementarnih čestica","Kvantna mehanika","Fundamentalni koncepti fizike"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"sh-latn","wgPageContentLanguage":"sh-latn","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Standardni_model_čestica","wgRelevantArticleId":4497183,"wgTempUserName":null,"wgUserVariant":"sh-latn","wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[], "wgRedirectedFrom":"Standardni_model","wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"sh","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"sh-latn"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgInternalRedirectTargetUrl":"/wiki/Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica","wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q18338","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false, "wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgSiteNoticeId":"2.8"};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.math.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready","ext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["mediawiki.action.view.redirect","ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips", "ext.gadget.charinsert","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking","ext.dismissableSiteNotice"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"});mw.user.options.set({"language":"sh-latn"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=sh-latn&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles%7Cext.math.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=sh-latn&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=sh-latn&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Standard_Model_of_Elementary_Particles_hr.svg/1200px-Standard_Model_of_Elementary_Particles_hr.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1028"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Standard_Model_of_Elementary_Particles_hr.svg/800px-Standard_Model_of_Elementary_Particles_hr.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="685"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Standard_Model_of_Elementary_Particles_hr.svg/640px-Standard_Model_of_Elementary_Particles_hr.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="548"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Standardni model čestica – Wikipedija/Википедија"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//sh.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Uredi" href="/w/index.php?title=Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedija (sh)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//sh.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="sh" href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="sh-Cyrl" href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica&variant=sh-cyrl"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="sh-Latn" href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica&variant=sh-latn"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="x-default" href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.sh"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedija Atom fid" href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Nedavne_izmjene&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Standardni_model_čestica rootpage-Standardni_model_čestica skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Prijeđi na sadržaj</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sajt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Glavni meni" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Glavni meni</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Glavni meni</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">premjesti na bočnu traku</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigacija </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Glavna_stranica" title="Posjetite glavnu stranicu [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Glavna stranica</span></a></li><li id="n-featuredcontent" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Istaknuti_%C4%8Dlanci" title="Pronađite najkvalitetnije članke"><span>Istaknuti članci</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Nedavne_izmjene" title="Prelistajte nove izmjene [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Nedavne izmjene</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Slu%C4%8Dajna_stranica" title="Otvorite slučajan članak [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Nasumičan članak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Interakcija </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%87:Sadr%C5%BEaj" title="Saznajte više o upotrebi i uređivanju"><span>Pomoć</span></a></li><li id="n-sidebar-village-pump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Pijaca"><span>Pijaca</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Portal_zajednice" title="Pronađite aktualne zadatke i akcije"><span>Radionica</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Novosti" title="Pogledajte tekuće događaje i aktualnosti"><span>Novosti</span></a></li><li id="n-forum" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://forum.movement-strategy.org/c/general/meduprojektniforum/40" rel="nofollow"><span>Međuprojektni forum</span></a></li><li id="n-discord" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://discord.gg/khcKdUUxYY" rel="nofollow"><span>Discord</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Glavna_stranica" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedija" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-sh-latn.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 2em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-sh-latn.svg" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Pretražite Wikipediju [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Pretraga</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Pretražite Wikipediju" aria-label="Pretražite Wikipediju" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Pretražite Wikipediju [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Posebno:Traži"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Pretraži</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Osobne alatke"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Izgled"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Izgled" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Izgled</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_sh.wikipedia.org&uselang=sh" class=""><span>Donacije</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Stvori_ra%C4%8Dun&returnto=Standardni+model+%C4%8Destica" title="Preporučujemo da izradite račun i prijavite se, ali to nije obavezno" class=""><span>Izradi račun</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Korisni%C4%8Dka_prijava&returnto=Standardni+model+%C4%8Destica" title="Preporučujemo da se prijavite, ali to nije obavezno [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Prijavi me</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out user-links-collapsible-item" title="Više mogućnosti" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Osobne alatke" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Osobne alatke</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Korisnički meni" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_sh.wikipedia.org&uselang=sh"><span>Donacije</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Stvori_ra%C4%8Dun&returnto=Standardni+model+%C4%8Destica" title="Preporučujemo da izradite račun i prijavite se, ali to nije obavezno"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Izradi račun</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Korisni%C4%8Dka_prijava&returnto=Standardni+model+%C4%8Destica" title="Preporučujemo da se prijavite, ali to nije obavezno [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Prijavi me</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003Ezatvori\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"anonnotice\" lang=\"sh\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sajt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Sadržaj" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sadržaj</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">premjesti na bočnu traku</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Početak</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Objašnjenje" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Objašnjenje"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Objašnjenje</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Objašnjenje-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Standardna_teorija_čestica_i_sila" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Standardna_teorija_čestica_i_sila"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Standardna teorija čestica i sila</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Standardna_teorija_čestica_i_sila-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Uključi/isključi podsekciju Standardna teorija čestica i sila</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Standardna_teorija_čestica_i_sila-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Temeljna_međudjelovanja" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Temeljna_međudjelovanja"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Temeljna međudjelovanja</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Temeljna_međudjelovanja-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Izvori" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Izvori"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Izvori</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Izvori-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sadržaj" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prikaži/sakrij sadržaj" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prikaži/sakrij sadržaj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Standardni model čestica</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Prijedi na druge jezične varijante članka. Dostupno je na 78 jezika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-78" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">78 jezika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standaardmodel" title="Standaardmodel — Afrikanerski" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Standaardmodel" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikanerski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardmodell" title="Standardmodell — Švajcarsko nemački" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Standardmodell" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Švajcarsko nemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B0%D8%AC_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="نظرية النموذج المعياري — Arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نظرية النموذج المعياري" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modelu_est%C3%A1ndar_de_la_f%C3%ADsica_de_part%C3%ADcules" title="Modelu estándar de la física de partícules — Asturijski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Modelu estándar de la física de partícules" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standart_Model" title="Standart Model — Azerbejdžanski" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Standart Model" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbejdžanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Стандартная мадэль — Beloruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Стандартная мадэль" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Beloruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Стандартен модел — Bugarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Стандартен модел" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bugarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2" title="প্রমিত মডেল — Bengalski" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্রমিত মডেল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardni_model" title="Standardni model — Bosanski" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Standardni model" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_est%C3%A0ndard_de_f%C3%ADsica_de_part%C3%ADcules" title="Model estàndard de física de partícules — Katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Model estàndard de física de partícules" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%86%D8%AF%DB%8E%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="مۆدێلی ستاندارد — centralnokurdski" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="مۆدێلی ستاندارد" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centralnokurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardn%C3%AD_model" title="Standardní model — Češki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Standardní model" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Češki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%C4%83_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Стандартлă модель — Čuvaški" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Стандартлă модель" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Čuvaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardmodellen" title="Standardmodellen — Danski" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Standardmodellen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardmodell" title="Standardmodell — Nemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Standardmodell" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Nemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%B8%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%BF_%CE%A0%CF%81%CF%8C%CF%84%CF%85%CF%80%CE%BF" title="Καθιερωμένο Πρότυπο — Grčki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Καθιερωμένο Πρότυπο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grčki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Model" title="Standard Model — Engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Standard Model" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norma_modelo" title="Norma modelo — Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Norma modelo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modelo_est%C3%A1ndar_de_la_f%C3%ADsica_de_part%C3%ADculas" title="Modelo estándar de la física de partículas — Španski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Modelo estándar de la física de partículas" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Španski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osakestef%C3%BC%C3%BCsika_standardmudel" title="Osakestefüüsika standardmudel — Estonski" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Osakestefüüsika standardmudel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eredu_Estandarra" title="Eredu Estandarra — Baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Eredu Estandarra" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%84_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="مدل استاندارد — Persijski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مدل استاندارد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiukkasfysiikan_standardimalli" title="Hiukkasfysiikan standardimalli — Finski" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Hiukkasfysiikan standardimalli" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le_standard_de_la_physique_des_particules" title="Modèle standard de la physique des particules — Francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Modèle standard de la physique des particules" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_tSamhail_Chaighde%C3%A1nach" title="An tSamhail Chaighdeánach — Irski" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An tSamhail Chaighdeánach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mod%C3%A8l_standar_(fizik_di_s%C3%A9_partikil)" title="Modèl standar (fizik di sé partikil) — Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Modèl standar (fizik di sé partikil)" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modelo_est%C3%A1ndar" title="Modelo estándar — Galski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Modelo estándar" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%93%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%99" title="המודל הסטנדרטי — Hebrejski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="המודל הסטנדרטי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="मानक प्रतिमान — Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मानक प्रतिमान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardni_model" title="Standardni model — Hrvatski" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Standardni model" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Hrvatski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_modell" title="Standard modell — Mađarski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Standard modell" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Mađarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%BF_%D5%B4%D5%B8%D5%A4%D5%A5%D5%AC" title="Ստանդարտ մոդել — Jermenski" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ստանդարտ մոդել" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Jermenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_Standar" title="Model Standar — Indonezijski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Model Standar" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sta%C3%B0all%C3%ADkan" title="Staðallíkan — Islandski" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Staðallíkan" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modello_standard" title="Modello standard — Italijanski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Modello standard" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B" title="標準模型 — Japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="標準模型" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standad_Magl" title="Standad Magl — Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Standad Magl" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="სტანდარტული მოდელი — Gruzijski" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სტანდარტული მოდელი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Gruzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%BF_%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A7%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A4" title="ದಿ ಸ್ಟಾಂಡರ್ಡ್ ಮಾಡೆಲ್ ಸಿದ್ಧಾಂತ — Kanada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ದಿ ಸ್ಟಾಂಡರ್ಡ್ ಮಾಡೆಲ್ ಸಿದ್ಧಾಂತ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kanada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%91%9C%EC%A4%80_%EB%AA%A8%ED%98%95" title="표준 모형 — Korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="표준 모형" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardmodell" title="Standardmodell — Luksemburški" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Standardmodell" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luksemburški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_standard_(f%C3%ACzica_de_le_partezele)" title="Model standard (fìzica de le partezele) — lombardski" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Model standard (fìzica de le partezele)" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standartinis_modelis" title="Standartinis modelis — Litvanski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Standartinis modelis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litvanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standartmodelis" title="Standartmodelis — Letonski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Standartmodelis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Стандарден модел — Makedonski" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Стандарден модел" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%87%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%BD" title="സ്റ്റാൻഡേർഡ് മോഡൽ — Malajalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സ്റ്റാൻഡേർഡ് മോഡൽ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malajalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Стандарт загвар — Mongolski" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Стандарт загвар" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80" title="प्रमाण प्रतिकृती — Marati" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="प्रमाण प्रतिकृती" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_Piawai" title="Model Piawai — Malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Model Piawai" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudell_Standard" title="Mudell Standard — Melteški" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Mudell Standard" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Melteški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standaardmodel_van_de_deeltjesfysica" title="Standaardmodel van de deeltjesfysica — Holandski" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Standaardmodel van de deeltjesfysica" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Holandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardmodellen" title="Standardmodellen — Norveški njorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Standardmodellen" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norveški njorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardmodellen" title="Standardmodellen — Norveški bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Standardmodellen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norveški bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B7%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%A6%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%A3_%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%9C%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9E%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A8%E0%AC%B0_%E0%AC%86%E0%AC%A6%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B6_%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A8%E0%AC%A6%E0%AC%A3%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A1" title="କ୍ଷୁଦ୍ରକଣ ବିଜ୍ଞାନର ଆଦର୍ଶ ମାନଦଣ୍ଡ — Orijski" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="କ୍ଷୁଦ୍ରକଣ ବିଜ୍ଞାନର ଆଦର୍ଶ ମାନଦଣ୍ଡ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Orijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE" title="ਮਿਅਾਰੀ ਨਮੂਨਾ — Pandžabski" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮਿਅਾਰੀ ਨਮੂਨਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pandžabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_standardowy" title="Model standardowy — Poljski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Model standardowy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poljski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%86%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%DB%81" title="میعاری نمونہ — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="میعاری نمونہ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modelo_Padr%C3%A3o" title="Modelo Padrão — Portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Modelo Padrão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modelul_standard" title="Modelul standard — Rumunski" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Modelul standard" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumunski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Стандартная модель — Ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Стандартная модель" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Model" title="Standard Model — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Standard Model" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0tandardn%C3%BD_model" title="Štandardný model — Slovački" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Štandardný model" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardni_model" title="Standardni model — Slovenački" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Standardni model" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Стандардни модел — Srpski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Стандардни модел" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Srpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mod%C3%A9l_Baku" title="Modél Baku — Sudanski" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Modél Baku" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sudanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardmodellen" title="Standardmodellen — Švedski" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Standardmodellen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Švedski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%92%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81" title="சீர்மரபு ஒப்புரு — Tamilski" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சீர்மரபு ஒப்புரு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamilski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99" title="แบบจำลองมาตรฐาน — Tajlandski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แบบจำลองมาตรฐาน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Tajlandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pamantayang_Modelo" title="Pamantayang Modelo — Tagalski" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pamantayang Modelo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standart_Model" title="Standart Model — Turski" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Standart Model" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Стандарт модель — Tatarski" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Стандарт модель" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Стандартна модель — Ukrajinski" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Стандартна модель" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrajinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%86%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%DB%81" title="معیاری نمونہ — Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="معیاری نمونہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B4_h%C3%ACnh_Chu%E1%BA%A9n" title="Mô hình Chuẩn — Vijetnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Mô hình Chuẩn" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vijetnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panupong_nga_Taramdan" title="Panupong nga Taramdan — Varej" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Panupong nga Taramdan" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Varej" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B" title="标准模型 — Wu kineski" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="标准模型" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B" title="标准模型 — Kineski" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="标准模型" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B" title="標準模型 — kantonski" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="標準模型" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q18338#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Uredi međujezične poveznice" class="wbc-editpage">Uredi veze</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Imenski prostori"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica" title="Vidi stranicu sadržaja [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Stranica</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Razgovor:Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Razgovarajte o sadržini ove stranice (stranica ne postoji) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Razgovor</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Promijeni jezičnu varijantu" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Latinica</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-sh-Latn mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica&variant=sh-latn" lang="sh-Latn" hreflang="sh-Latn"><span>Latinica</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-sh-Cyrl mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica&variant=sh-cyrl" lang="sh-Cyrl" hreflang="sh-Cyrl"><span>Ћирилица</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Teme"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica"><span>Prikaži</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica&veaction=edit" title="Uredite ovu stranicu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Uredi</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica&action=edit" title="Uredite izvorni kod ove stranice [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Uredi kod</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica&action=history" title="Pogledajte prethodne verzije ove stranice [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Historija</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Pomagala"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alatke" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alatke</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Alati</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">premjesti na bočnu traku</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Više mogućnosti" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Radnje </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica"><span>Prikaži</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica&veaction=edit" title="Uredite ovu stranicu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Uredi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica&action=edit" title="Uredite izvorni kod ove stranice [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Uredi kod</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica&action=history"><span>Historija</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Opšte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:%C5%A0to_vodi_ovdje/Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica" title="Pogledajte listu svih stranica koje vode ovamo [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Šta vodi ovamo</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Povezane_izmjene/Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica" rel="nofollow" title="Prelistajte nedavne izmjene stranica koje su povezane s ovom [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Povezane izmjene</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Posebne_stranice" title="Pregledajte listu svih posebnih stranica [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Posebne stranice</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica&oldid=41015681" title="Nabavite trajnu vezu do ove verzije stranice"><span>Trajna veza</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica&action=info" title="Pronađite više informacija o ovoj stranici"><span>Podaci o stranici</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Citiraj&page=Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica&id=41015681&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Saznajte kako da citirate ovu stranicu"><span>Citiraj stranicu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Skra%C4%87iva%C4%8D_adresa&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FStandardni_model_%25C4%258Destica"><span>Skrati URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FStandardni_model_%25C4%258Destica"><span>Preuzmi QR kod</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Štampanje/izvoz </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Kolekcija&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Standardni+model+%C4%8Destica"><span>Napravi knjigu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:DownloadAsPdf&page=Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica&action=show-download-screen"><span>Preuzmi kao PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica&printable=yes" title="Odštampajte ovu stranicu [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Odštampaj</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Na drugim projektima </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Standard_Model" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q18338" title="Pogledajte povezanu stavku u skladištu podataka [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Stavka na Wikipodacima</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Pomagala"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Izgled"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Izgled</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">premjesti na bočnu traku</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Izvor: Wikipedija</div> </div> <div id="contentSub" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><div id="mw-content-subtitle" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Preusmjereno sa stranice <a href="/w/index.php?title=Standardni_model&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Standardni model">Standardni model</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Standard_Model_of_Elementary_Particles_hr.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Standard_Model_of_Elementary_Particles_hr.svg/300px-Standard_Model_of_Elementary_Particles_hr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="257" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Standard_Model_of_Elementary_Particles_hr.svg/450px-Standard_Model_of_Elementary_Particles_hr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Standard_Model_of_Elementary_Particles_hr.svg/600px-Standard_Model_of_Elementary_Particles_hr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="766" data-file-height="656" /></a><figcaption>Standardni model <a href="/wiki/Elementarna_%C4%8Destica" class="mw-redirect" title="Elementarna čestica">elementarnih čestica</a>, s <a href="/wiki/Ba%C5%BEdarni_bozoni" title="Baždarni bozoni">baždarnim</a> i <a href="/wiki/Higgsov_bozon" title="Higgsov bozon">Higgsovim</a> <a href="/wiki/Bozon" title="Bozon">bozonom</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Nuclear_Force_anim_smaller.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Nuclear_Force_anim_smaller.gif" decoding="async" width="300" height="337" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="337" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Animacija" title="Animacija">Animacija</a> međudjelovanja <a href="/wiki/Jaka_nuklearna_sila" title="Jaka nuklearna sila">jake nuklearne sile</a> (ili <a href="/wiki/Rezidualna_jaka_nuklearna_sila" title="Rezidualna jaka nuklearna sila">rezidualne jake nuklearne sile</a>). Mali obojeni dvostruki diskovi su <a href="/wiki/Gluon" title="Gluon">gluoni</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Quark_structure_proton.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Quark_structure_proton.svg/300px-Quark_structure_proton.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="310" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Quark_structure_proton.svg/450px-Quark_structure_proton.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Quark_structure_proton.svg/600px-Quark_structure_proton.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="673" data-file-height="695" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Proton" title="Proton">Proton</a> je građen od dvaju <a href="/wiki/Gornji_kvark" title="Gornji kvark">gornjih (u) kvarkova</a> i jednoga <a href="/wiki/Donji_kvark" title="Donji kvark">donjega (d) kvarka</a>. Odabir boja pojedinih kvarkova je proizvoljan, ali sve tri boje moraju biti prisutne. <a href="/wiki/Jaka_nuklearna_sila" title="Jaka nuklearna sila">Jake nuklearne sile</a> između kvarkova posredovane su <a href="/wiki/Gluon" title="Gluon">gluonima</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Electron_diffraction_Laue-zone_tilt-series.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Electron_diffraction_Laue-zone_tilt-series.gif/300px-Electron_diffraction_Laue-zone_tilt-series.gif" decoding="async" width="300" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/Electron_diffraction_Laue-zone_tilt-series.gif 1.5x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="360" /></a><figcaption> <a href="/wiki/Ogib" class="mw-redirect" title="Ogib">Ogib</a> ili difrakcija elektrona je pokazala da se elektroni ponašaju i kao <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cestica" title="Čestica">čestice</a> i kao <a href="/wiki/Val" title="Val">valovi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dualizam_(fizika)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dualizam (fizika)">dualizam</a>).</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:The_Sun_by_the_Atmospheric_Imaging_Assembly_of_NASA%27s_Solar_Dynamics_Observatory_-_20100819.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/The_Sun_by_the_Atmospheric_Imaging_Assembly_of_NASA%27s_Solar_Dynamics_Observatory_-_20100819.jpg/300px-The_Sun_by_the_Atmospheric_Imaging_Assembly_of_NASA%27s_Solar_Dynamics_Observatory_-_20100819.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="286" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/The_Sun_by_the_Atmospheric_Imaging_Assembly_of_NASA%27s_Solar_Dynamics_Observatory_-_20100819.jpg/450px-The_Sun_by_the_Atmospheric_Imaging_Assembly_of_NASA%27s_Solar_Dynamics_Observatory_-_20100819.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/The_Sun_by_the_Atmospheric_Imaging_Assembly_of_NASA%27s_Solar_Dynamics_Observatory_-_20100819.jpg/600px-The_Sun_by_the_Atmospheric_Imaging_Assembly_of_NASA%27s_Solar_Dynamics_Observatory_-_20100819.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4044" data-file-height="3860" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Nuklearna_fuzija" title="Nuklearna fuzija">Nuklearna fuzija</a> na <a href="/wiki/Sunce" title="Sunce">Suncu</a>: <a href="/wiki/Slaba_sila" class="mw-redirect" title="Slaba sila">slaba sila</a> omogućuje <a href="/wiki/Nuklearna_fuzija" title="Nuklearna fuzija">nuklearnu fuziju</a> četiriju <a href="/wiki/Vodik" title="Vodik">vodikovih</a> <a href="/wiki/Atomska_jezgra" class="mw-redirect" title="Atomska jezgra">atomskih jezgri</a> u jezgru <a href="/wiki/Helij" title="Helij">helija</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Standardni model čestica</b> je opis <a href="/wiki/Subatomska_%C4%8Destica" class="mw-redirect" title="Subatomska čestica">subatomskih čestica</a> i <a href="/wiki/Elektromagnetska_sila" title="Elektromagnetska sila">elektromagnetskoga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slaba_nuklearna_sila" title="Slaba nuklearna sila">slabog</a> i <a href="/wiki/Jaka_nuklearna_sila" title="Jaka nuklearna sila">jakoga međudjelovanja</a>, koji omogućava objašnjavanje pojava koje se uočavaju u pokusima u velikim <a href="/wiki/Akcelerator_%C4%8Destica" title="Akcelerator čestica">ubrzivačima čestica</a>. Osnovne su sastavnice standardnoga modela temeljne čestice tvari (<a href="/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion">fermionska</a> polja tvari, <a href="/wiki/Spin" title="Spin">spina</a> 1/2), prijenosnici sila (baždarni <a href="/wiki/Bozoni" class="mw-redirect" title="Bozoni">bozoni</a>, spina 1) i područje lomljenja baždarne simetrije (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Skalar_(fizika)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skalar (fizika) (stranica ne postoji)">skalarna</a> polja, <a href="/wiki/Higgsov_bozon" title="Higgsov bozon">Higgsove čestice</a>, spina 0). </p><p>Područje prijenosnika sila opisano je s 12 <a href="/wiki/Ba%C5%BEdarni_bozoni" title="Baždarni bozoni">baždarnih bozona</a>. Četiri od njih: bezmaseni <a href="/wiki/Foton" title="Foton">foton</a>, dva masivna <a href="/wiki/W_i_Z_bozoni" title="W i Z bozoni">W-bozona</a> i masivni neutralni <a href="/wiki/W_i_Z_bozoni" title="W i Z bozoni">Z-bozon</a>, vežu se na nabijene i neutralne struje slaboga međudjelovanja (<a href="/wiki/Slaba_nuklearna_sila" title="Slaba nuklearna sila">slaba nuklearna sila</a>). Preostalih osam bezmasenih baždarnih bozona obojeni su <a href="/wiki/Gluoni" class="mw-redirect" title="Gluoni">gluoni</a>. Baždarnomu području standardnoga modela pridruženo je područje lomljenja baždarne simetrije, da bi se prijenosnicima kratkodosežnih slabih sila mogla pridijeliti odgovarajuća masa. Riječ je o spontanom lomljenju simetrije i s njim povezanim takozvanim <a href="/wiki/Higgsov_bozon" title="Higgsov bozon">Higgsovim mehanizmom</a>. Razjašnjenje toga područja jedan je od ciljeva budućih pokusa na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Veliki_hadronski_sudariva%C4%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Veliki hadronski sudarivač (stranica ne postoji)">Velikom hadronskom sudarivaču</a> LHC u <a href="/wiki/CERN" title="CERN">CERN</a>-u kraj <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDeneva" title="Ženeva">Ženeve</a>. </p><p>Spektar temeljnih čestica tvari čini dvanaest točkastih čestica bez podstrukture, naboji kojih služe kao izvori <a href="/wiki/Sila" title="Sila">sila</a>. Riječ je o šest <a href="/wiki/Kvark" title="Kvark">kvarkova</a> i šest <a href="/wiki/Lepton" title="Lepton">leptona</a>, koji su <a href="/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion">fermioni</a> (čestice polucijeloga spina). Gotovo je sva tvar dijela <a href="/wiki/Svemir" title="Svemir">svemira</a> u kojem živimo građena od kvarkova i leptona prvoga naraštaja (gornjih kvarkova i donjih kvarkova, <a href="/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron">elektrona</a> i elektronskoga <a href="/wiki/Neutrino" title="Neutrino">neutrina</a>), dok su preostale <a href="/wiki/Elementarna_%C4%8Destica" class="mw-redirect" title="Elementarna čestica">temeljne čestice</a> i čestice izgrađene od njih otkrivene u <a href="/wiki/Kozmi%C4%8Dke_zrake" title="Kozmičke zrake">kozmičkom zračenju</a> i u <a href="/wiki/Pokus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pokus">pokusima</a> u <a href="/wiki/Akcelerator_%C4%8Destica" title="Akcelerator čestica">ubrzivačima čestica</a>. Odgovore koji se odnose na ulogu <a href="/wiki/Gravitacija" title="Gravitacija">gravitacije</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tamna_tvar" title="Tamna tvar">tamne tvari</a> i <a href="/wiki/Tamna_energija" title="Tamna energija">tamne energije</a> treba potražiti na <a href="/wiki/Kozmologija" class="mw-redirect" title="Kozmologija">kozmološkom</a> planu. <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Standardni model je <a href="/wiki/Kvantna_teorija_polja" title="Kvantna teorija polja">kvantna teorija polja</a> usklađena s <a href="/wiki/Kvantna_mehanika" title="Kvantna mehanika">kvantnom mehanikom</a> i <a href="/wiki/Teorija_relativnosti" title="Teorija relativnosti">teorijom relativnosti</a> i do sada je potvrđena predviđanjem rezultata gotovo svih pokusa u kojima djeluju 3 temeljna međudjelovanja (<a href="/wiki/Fundamentalne_interakcije" class="mw-redirect" title="Fundamentalne interakcije">fundamentalne interakcije</a>). Ipak, standardni model nije kompletna <a href="/wiki/Teorija" title="Teorija">teorija</a> jer ne uključuje <a href="/wiki/Gravitacija" title="Gravitacija">gravitaciju</a>, a također ovisi i o nizu pokusima dobivenih parametara (<a href="/wiki/Masa" title="Masa">mase</a> čestica i konstante vezanja) koji se ne mogu dobiti iz same teorije. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Objašnjenje"><span id="Obja.C5.A1njenje"></span>Objašnjenje</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi odjeljak Objašnjenje" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica&action=edit&section=1" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Objašnjenje"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prema standardnom modelu trenutno postoji 12 <a href="/wiki/Elementarna_%C4%8Destica" class="mw-redirect" title="Elementarna čestica">elementarnih čestica</a> za koje se smatra da izgrađuju svu <a href="/wiki/Materija" title="Materija">materiju</a> u <a href="/wiki/Svemir" title="Svemir">svemiru</a>. Tih 12 čestica zajedničkim imenom nazivaju se <a href="/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion">fermioni</a>, a dijele se u dvije grupe od po 6 čestica – <a href="/wiki/Kvark" title="Kvark">kvarkove</a> i <a href="/wiki/Lepton" title="Lepton">leptone</a>. Cilj <a href="/wiki/Fizika_elementarnih_%C4%8Destica" title="Fizika elementarnih čestica">fizike elementarnih čestica</a> je utvrditi identitet svih elementarnih čestica i načine na koje elementarne čestice međusobno djeluju. Prema standardnom modelu postoje 4 osnovne sile: gravitacijska, elektromagnetska, slaba nuklearna i jaka nuklearna sila, putem kojih 6 leptona i 6 kvarkova međusobno djeluju razmjenom čestica prijenosnika sila – <a href="/wiki/Bozon" title="Bozon">bozona</a>, odnosno <a href="/wiki/Ba%C5%BEdarni_bozoni" title="Baždarni bozoni">baždarnih bozona</a>. Pomoću 12 čestica koje izgrađuju materiju i 4 čestice <a href="/wiki/Fundamentalne_interakcije" class="mw-redirect" title="Fundamentalne interakcije">prijenosnika međudjelovanja</a> između čestica materije može se opisati ponašanje sve promatrane materije u svemiru. </p><p>Teorija elementarnih čestica uobličena je početkom 70-tih godina 20. stoljeća pod nazivom standardni model. Iako se iz samog imena ne može zaključiti, standardni model zapravo nije model, već <a href="/wiki/Matematika" title="Matematika">matematički</a> precizna <a href="/wiki/Teorija" title="Teorija">teorija</a> <a href="/wiki/Gibanje" class="mw-redirect" title="Gibanje">gibanja</a> sustava najmanjih sastavnica materije – elementarnih čestica, čija se predviđanja u potpunosti slažu sa rezultatima brojnih <a href="/wiki/Pokus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pokus">pokusa</a>. </p><p>Prema standardnom modelu vjeruje se da je svemir sastavljen od <a href="/wiki/Materija" title="Materija">materije</a> (4% <a href="/wiki/Atom" title="Atom">atoma</a> i 20% <a href="/wiki/Tamna_tvar" title="Tamna tvar">tamne materije</a> koju ne možemo promatrati ili objasniti) i energije (76% <a href="/wiki/Tamna_energija" title="Tamna energija">tamne energije</a>). Model objašnjava načine na koje se 16 elementarnih čestica veže zajedno u atome i <a href="/wiki/Molekule" class="mw-redirect" title="Molekule">molekule</a> stvarajući materiju uz djelovanje 4, odnosno 3 temeljne sile: elektromagnetska, slaba nuklearna i jaka nuklearna sila. Znanstvenici još ne znaju kako povezati <a href="/wiki/Gravitacija" title="Gravitacija">gravitaciju</a> sa standardnim modelom. </p><p>Ovih 16 čestica i <a href="/wiki/Higgsov_bozon" title="Higgsov bozon">Higgsov bozon</a> svrstava se u dvije velike grupe: <a href="/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion">fermione</a>, koji čine materiju, i <a href="/wiki/Bozon" title="Bozon">bozone</a>. U fermione, čestice s polucjelobrojnim <a href="/wiki/Spin" title="Spin">spinom</a> (1/2, 3/2, 5/2, …), ubrajamo 6 <a href="/wiki/Kvark" title="Kvark">kvarkova</a> i 6 <a href="/wiki/Lepton" title="Lepton">leptona</a>. Svaki lepton ima svog odgovarajućeg <a href="/wiki/Neutrino" title="Neutrino">neutrina</a>, česticu bez mase i jako velike brzine. Danas znanstvenici nisu još sigurni po pitanju imaju li neutrini masu ili ne. Nedavna mjerenja pokazuju da bi neutrini mogli imati izuzetno malu, ali konačnu masu, no ipak ovo i dalje ostaje neriješeno pitanje u eksperimentalnoj fizici. Što se tiče standardnog modela, neutrini su bez mase. Sve čestice također imaju i svoju odgovarajuću <a href="/wiki/Anti%C4%8Destica" title="Antičestica">antičesticu</a>, koja se ponaša isto kao i originalna <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cestica" title="Čestica">čestica</a>, ali se poništava u dodiru s materijom, odnosno s originalnom česticom, pretvarajući mase obje čestice u čistu energiju u procesu <a href="/wiki/Anihilacija" title="Anihilacija">anihilacije</a> (poništenja). Svu materiju u svemiru grade dvije vrste kvarkova (gornji i donji kvark) i jedna vrsta leptona (<a href="/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron">elektron</a>). Nije sasvim jasno zašto priroda ima potrebu za postojanjem preostala 4 kvarka i 5 leptona, oni su samo masivnija verzija ove 3, tako reći glavne čestice. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Bozon" title="Bozon">Bozoni</a> su čestice s cjelobrojnim vrijednostima spina (0, 1, 2, …) koje djeluju kao prijenosnici 3 temeljne sile u prirodi (elektromagnetska, slaba nuklearna i jaka nuklearna sila). Najpoznatiji bozon je <a href="/wiki/Foton" title="Foton">foton</a>, prijenosnik <a href="/wiki/Elektromagnetska_sila" title="Elektromagnetska sila">elektromagnetske sile</a> koja je odgovorna za pojavu <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dna_struja" title="Električna struja">električne struje</a>, <a href="/wiki/Magnetizam" title="Magnetizam">magnetizma</a> i svjetlosti. <a href="/wiki/W_i_Z_bozoni" title="W i Z bozoni">W i Z bozoni</a> su prijenosnici <a href="/wiki/Slaba_nuklearna_sila" title="Slaba nuklearna sila">slabe nuklearne sile</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Gluon" title="Gluon">gluon</a> <a href="/wiki/Jaka_nuklearna_sila" title="Jaka nuklearna sila">jake nuklearne sile</a> koja vezuje kvarkove u veće čestice poput <a href="/wiki/Neutron" title="Neutron">neutrona</a> i <a href="/wiki/Proton" title="Proton">protona</a>. Postojanje Higgsova bozona, elementarne čestice kojom se objašnjava masa drugih čestica, a posebno zašto su W i Z bozoni toliko masivni za razliku od fotona koji nema masu, potvrđeno je dana 14. ožujka 2013. </p><p>Budući da znanstvenici još uvijek nisu uspjeli povezati gravitaciju sa standardnim modelom, pretpostavlja se postojanje čestice <a href="/wiki/Graviton" title="Graviton">graviton</a> koja bi mogla biti prijenosnik gravitacijske sile. Ako bi se dokazalo postojanje ove čestice, standardni model bi se mogao zamijeniti nedostižnom teorijom svega (eng. <i>Theory of Everything</i>), koja bi ujedinila sve 4 temeljne sile prirode. <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Standardna_teorija_čestica_i_sila"><span id="Standardna_teorija_.C4.8Destica_i_sila"></span>Standardna teorija čestica i sila</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi odjeljak Standardna teorija čestica i sila" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica&action=edit&section=2" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Standardna teorija čestica i sila"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Standardna teorija čestica i sila</b> je <a href="/wiki/Kvantna_mehanika" title="Kvantna mehanika">kvantnomehanički</a> teorijski opis potvrđen <a href="/wiki/Pokus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pokus">pokusima</a> standardnoga modela čestica kojim su opisane elementarne čestice i njihova <a href="/wiki/Slaba_nuklearna_sila" title="Slaba nuklearna sila">elektroslaba</a> i <a href="/wiki/Jaka_nuklearna_sila" title="Jaka nuklearna sila">jaka međudjelovanja</a>. S teorijske strane opis se temelji na svojstvu renormalizabilnosti (uklonjivosti beskonačnosti koje se pojavljuju pri izračunu kvantnih petlji), a s pokusima na slaganju izmjerenih vrijednosti s onima koje daju teorijska predviđanja na razini <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvantna_petlja&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kvantna petlja (stranica ne postoji)">kvantnih petlja</a>. U 1960-ima je <a href="/wiki/Kvantna_elektrodinamika" title="Kvantna elektrodinamika">kvantna elektrodinamika</a> bila jedina poznata značajna <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ba%C5%BEdarna_teorija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baždarna teorija (stranica ne postoji)">baždarna teorija</a>. Daljnji razvoj postignut je dokazom da su i baždarne teorije sa samointerakcijom (poznate kao Yang-Millsove teorije) renormalizabilne te da renormalizabilnost vrijedi i ako je <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ba%C5%BEdarna_simetrija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baždarna simetrija (stranica ne postoji)">baždarna simetrija</a> spontano slomljena. <a href="/wiki/Elektroslaba_teorija" class="mw-redirect" title="Elektroslaba teorija">Elektroslaba teorija</a> objedinjuje <a href="/wiki/Elektromagnetska_sila" title="Elektromagnetska sila">elektromagnetske</a> i jake procese na sličan način kao što <a href="/wiki/Maxwellove_jednad%C5%BEbe" title="Maxwellove jednadžbe">Maxwellovo elektromagnetsko ujedinjenje</a> povezuje <a href="/wiki/Elektricitet" title="Elektricitet">električne</a> i <a href="/wiki/Magnet" title="Magnet">magnetske</a> pojave. Uz elektroslabi dio, standardna teorija uključuje i opis jake sile s pomoću baždarne simetrije, takozvane SU(3) boje. Ukupno su sile standardne teorije opisane s 12 <a href="/wiki/Ba%C5%BEdarni_bozoni" title="Baždarni bozoni">baždarnih bozona</a>. </p><p>Elektroslabi dio i dio jake sile dvije su odvojene sastavnice standardne teorije. Zajedničko im je da se oslanjaju na <a href="/wiki/Teorija_relativnosti" title="Teorija relativnosti">relativističku teoriju polja</a> i na dodatni princip Yang-Millsove lokalne simetrije. Riječ je o jednom od presudnih koraka poopćavanjem već poznatih globalnih (prostorno-vremensko neovisnih) internih simetrija na lokalne, zahtjevom da se u svakoj prostorno-vremenskoj točki može učiniti neovisna rotacija u određenom unutrašnjem prostoru. Najprije se početkom 1970-ih spoznalo da su elektromagnetska i slaba međudjelovanja opisana SU(2)×U(1) Yang-Millsovom teorijom, a potom da se i temeljno jako međudjelovanje kvarkova i gluona može svesti na SU(3) Yang-Millsovu teoriju boje. Utvrđena renormalizabilnost omogućuje precizne proračune koji su izloženi provjerama pokusa. Posebna je epizoda bilo svođenje jake sile na teoriju polja. Ona je zaokružena dodjeljivanjem <a href="/wiki/Nobelova_nagrada_za_fiziku" title="Nobelova nagrada za fiziku">Nobelove nagrade</a> 2004. <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Jonathan_Gross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Jonathan Gross (stranica ne postoji)">D. J. Grossu</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hugh_David_Politzer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hugh David Politzer (stranica ne postoji)">H. D. Politzeru</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Anthony_Wilczek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frank Anthony Wilczek (stranica ne postoji)">F. A. Wilczeku</a> za otkriće <a href="/w/index.php?title=Asimptotska_sloboda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asimptotska sloboda (stranica ne postoji)">asimptotske slobode</a> u teoriji <a href="/wiki/Jaka_nuklearna_sila" title="Jaka nuklearna sila">jakoga međudjelovanja</a>. Pošto je postalo jasno da je <a href="/wiki/Jaka_sila" class="mw-redirect" title="Jaka sila">jaka sila</a> vezana za svijet <a href="/wiki/Kvark" title="Kvark">kvarkova</a> zatočenih unutar dimenzija čestica koje oni izgrađuju, jakost te sile mora rasti pri svakom pokušaju razdvajanja kvarkova. Pokusna potvrda asimptotske slobode stavila je kvantnu kromodinamiku uz bok elektroslabe teorije i time ustanovila ukupnu teoriju baždarnoga područja, koja se temelji na umnošku grupa U(1)×SU(2)×SU(3), s malim brojem parametara (3 kontinuirane promjenljive jakosti vezanja) može se kvantitativno (brojčano) opisati golem broj rezultata <a href="/wiki/Mjerenje" title="Mjerenje">mjerenja</a>. Ustanovljavanje asimptotske slobode za Yang-Millsove komponente SU(2) i SU(3) u umnošku "1×2×3" otvara mogućnost susreta jakosti takozvanih abelovskog i neabelovskih naboja i potiče proučavanje teorija velikog ujedinjenja. Takvo stvarno ujedinjenje naboja pokazuje mogućnost veze fizikalne stvarnosti i ideala matematičke elegancije. Na tom tragu izrasla su i poopćena supersimetrična ujedinjenja, gdje i čestice različitoga spina ulaze u isti multiplet. <sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Temeljna_međudjelovanja"><span id="Temeljna_me.C4.91udjelovanja"></span>Temeljna međudjelovanja</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Uredi odjeljak Temeljna međudjelovanja" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica&action=edit&section=3" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Temeljna međudjelovanja"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="noprint relarticle mainarticle"><i>Glavni članak: <a href="/wiki/Fundamentalne_interakcije" class="mw-redirect" title="Fundamentalne interakcije">Fundamentalne interakcije</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p><b>Fundamentalne interakcije</b>, <b>osnovne sile</b> ili <b>temeljno međudjelovanje</b> je međudjelovanje <a href="/wiki/Elementarna_%C4%8Destica" class="mw-redirect" title="Elementarna čestica">elementarnih čestica</a>: <a href="/wiki/Gravitacija" title="Gravitacija">gravitacijsko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elektromagnetska_sila" title="Elektromagnetska sila">elektromagnetsko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jaka_nuklearna_sila" title="Jaka nuklearna sila">jako</a> i <a href="/wiki/Slaba_nuklearna_sila" title="Slaba nuklearna sila">slabo</a>. Sva poznata međudjelovanja posljedica su tih 4 temeljnih međudjelovanja. Temeljna međudjelovanja međusobno se razlikuju po <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cestica" title="Čestica">česticama</a> na koje djeluju, <a href="/wiki/Jakost" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Jakost">jakosti</a>, dosegu i česticama koje ih prenose. Jako međudjelovanje djeluje na kvarkove i gluone, slabo međudjelovanje na kvarkove i <a href="/wiki/Lepton" title="Lepton">leptone</a>, elektromagnetsko međudjelovanje na sve čestice nabijene <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dni_naboj" title="Električni naboj">električnim nabojem</a>, a gravitacijsko međudjelovanje na sve čestice koje imaju <a href="/wiki/Masa" title="Masa">masu</a>. Gravitacijsko međudjelovanje između elementarnih čestica je iznimno slabo, slabo međudjelovanje je malo jače, elektromagnetsko još jače i jako je međudjelovanje najjače. Doseg elektromagnetskog i gravitacijskog međudjelovanja je beskonačan, a doseg jakog i slabog međudjelovanja je kratak, približno poput promjera <a href="/wiki/Atomska_jezgra" class="mw-redirect" title="Atomska jezgra">atomske jezgre</a>. Jako međudjelovanje prenose gluoni, elektromagnetsko fotoni, slabo <a href="/wiki/W_i_Z_bozoni" title="W i Z bozoni">W<sup>±</sup> i Z<sup>0</sup> bozoni</a> a gravitacijsko <a href="/wiki/Graviton" title="Graviton">gravitoni</a> (koji nisu <a href="/wiki/Pokus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pokus">pokusima</a> potvrđeni). </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Međudjelovanje</th> <th>Trenutačna teorija</th> <th>Prijenosnici djelovanja</th> <th>Relativna jakost<sup>(1)</sup></th> <th>Ovisnost o udaljenosti</th> <th>Doseg djelovanja (<a href="/wiki/Metar" title="Metar">m</a>) </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jaka_sila" class="mw-redirect" title="Jaka sila">Jaka</a></td> <td>Kvantna kromodinamika <br />(QCD)</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gluon" title="Gluon">gluoni</a></td> <td>10<sup>38</sup></td> <td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\sim r}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>∼</mo> <mi>r</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\sim r}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/cff9c23d9722391f9e44fc078fe25e76a82db03e" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:3.502ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\sim r}}"></span> (vidi napomenu)</td> <td>10<sup>−15</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Elektromagnetska_sila" title="Elektromagnetska sila">Elektromagnetska</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kvantna_elektrodinamika" title="Kvantna elektrodinamika">Kvantna elektrodinamika</a><br />(QED)</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Foton" title="Foton">fotoni</a></td> <td>10<sup>36</sup></td> <td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {1}{r^{2}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <msup> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {1}{r^{2}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/666de2acbcfe406e29ed189c3a8a5ea2c1a5870d" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:2.939ex; height:5.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {1}{r^{2}}}}"></span></td> <td>10<sup>−18</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Slaba_nuklearna_sila" title="Slaba nuklearna sila">Slaba</a></td> <td>Kvantna aromodinamika<br />(QFD)</td> <td><a href="/wiki/W_i_Z_bozoni" title="W i Z bozoni">W i Z bozoni</a></td> <td>10<sup>25</sup></td> <td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {e^{-m_{W,Z}r}}{r^{2}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msup> <mi>e</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> <msub> <mi>m</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>W</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>Z</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mi>r</mi> </mrow> </msup> <msup> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {e^{-m_{W,Z}r}}{r^{2}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/46acbc953812b95257a2f5ecefcf6049366f1ea9" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:8.513ex; height:5.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {e^{-m_{W,Z}r}}{r^{2}}}}"></span></td> <td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \infty }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">∞</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \infty }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c26c105004f30c27aa7c2a9c601550a4183b1f21" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.324ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \infty }"></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gravitacija" title="Gravitacija">Gravitacijska</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Op%C4%87a_teorija_relativnosti" class="mw-redirect" title="Opća teorija relativnosti">Opća teorija relativnosti</a><br />(GR, nije kvantna teorija.)</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Graviton" title="Graviton">gravitoni</a></td> <td>1</td> <td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {1}{r^{2}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <msup> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {1}{r^{2}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/666de2acbcfe406e29ed189c3a8a5ea2c1a5870d" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:2.939ex; height:5.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {1}{r^{2}}}}"></span></td> <td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \infty }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">∞</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \infty }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c26c105004f30c27aa7c2a9c601550a4183b1f21" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.324ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \infty }"></span> </td></tr></tbody></table><p><sup>(1)</sup> približne veličine. Točne vrijednosti ovise o česticama i energiji. </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Izvori">Izvori</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Uredi odjeljak Izvori" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica&action=edit&section=4" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Izvori"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r41378145">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <b>standardni model čestica</b>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.enciklopedija.hr/natuknica.aspx?ID=57761">[1]</a> "Hrvatska enciklopedija", Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža, www.enciklopedija.hr, 2016.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Svetlana Veselinović: "Elementarne čestice", <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.mathos.unios.hr/~mdjumic/uploads/diplomski/VES07.pdf">[2]</a>, završni rad, Sveučilište Josipa Jurja Strossmayera u Osijeku, Osijek 2014., pristupljeno 27. siječnja 2020.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <b>standardna teorija čestica i sila</b>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.enciklopedija.hr/natuknica.aspx?ID=57759">[3]</a> "Hrvatska enciklopedija", Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža, www.enciklopedija.hr, pristupljeno 30. siječnja 2020.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r41348688">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Čestice_u_fizici" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r41556979">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r41556873">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-prikaži"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ablon:%C4%8Cestice_u_fizici" title="Šablon:Čestice u fizici"><abbr title="Pogledajte šablon" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">p</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-razgovor"><a href="/wiki/Razgovor_o_%C5%A1ablonu:%C4%8Cestice_u_fizici" title="Razgovor o šablonu:Čestice u fizici"><abbr title="Razgovarajte o šablonu" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">r</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-uredi"><a class="external text" href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0ablon:%C4%8Cestice_u_fizici&action=edit"><abbr title="Uredite šablon" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">u</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Čestice_u_fizici" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Čestice u <a href="/wiki/Fizika" title="Fizika">fizici</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Elementarna_%C4%8Destica" class="mw-redirect" title="Elementarna čestica">Elementarne čestice</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion">Fermioni</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Kvark" title="Kvark">Kvarkovi</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Gornji_kvark" title="Gornji kvark">u</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Donji_kvark" title="Donji kvark">d</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Carobni_kvark" title="Čarobni kvark">c</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Strani_kvark" title="Strani kvark">s</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Vr%C5%A1ni_kvark" title="Vršni kvark">t</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Dubinski_kvark" title="Dubinski kvark">b</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Lepton" title="Lepton">Leptoni</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron">e<sup>-</sup></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span><a href="/wiki/Pozitron" title="Pozitron">e<sup>+</sup></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span><a href="/wiki/Mion" title="Mion">μ<sup>-</sup> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span>μ<sup>+</sup></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span><a href="/wiki/Tauon" title="Tauon">τ<sup>-</sup> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span>τ<sup>+</sup></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Elektronski_neutrino" title="Elektronski neutrino">ν<sub>e</sub> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span><span style="text-decoration:overline;">ν</span><sub>e</sub></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Mionski_neutrino" title="Mionski neutrino">μ<sub>e</sub> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span><span style="text-decoration:overline;">μ</span><sub>e</sub></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Tau_neutrino" title="Tau neutrino">τ<sub>e</sub> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span><span style="text-decoration:overline;">τ</span><sub>e</sub></a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Bozon" title="Bozon">Bozoni</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Baždarni" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;width:5em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Ba%C5%BEdarni_bozoni" title="Baždarni bozoni">Baždarni</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;width:auto;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Foton" title="Foton">γ</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Gluon" title="Gluon">g</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/W_i_Z_bozoni" title="W i Z bozoni">W<sup>±</sup> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span>Z</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;font-weight:normal;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Ostale</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#f7f7f7;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Faddeev%E2%80%93Popov_duh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Faddeev–Popov duh (stranica ne postoji)">Duhovi</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hipotetske_%C4%8Destice&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hipotetske čestice (stranica ne postoji)">Hipotetske</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Superpartneri" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Superpartner" title="Superpartner">Superpartneri</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Gaugino" title="Gaugino">Gaugino</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Gluino" title="Gluino">Gluino</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gravitino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gravitino (stranica ne postoji)">Gravitino</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Ostali</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksino (stranica ne postoji)">Aksino</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bozino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bozino (stranica ne postoji)">Bozino</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chargino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chargino (stranica ne postoji)">Chargino</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Higgsino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Higgsino (stranica ne postoji)">Higgsino</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Neutralino" title="Neutralino">Neutralino</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sfermion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sfermion (stranica ne postoji)">Sfermion</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Ostale</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksion (stranica ne postoji)">A<sup>0</sup></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dilaton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dilaton (stranica ne postoji)">Dilaton</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Graviton" title="Graviton">G</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Higgsov_bozon" title="Higgsov bozon">Higgsov bozon</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Majoron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Majoron (stranica ne postoji)">Majoron</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Tahion" title="Tahion">Tahion</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=X_i_Y_bozoni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="X i Y bozoni (stranica ne postoji)">X <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span>Y</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/W_i_Z_bozoni" title="W i Z bozoni">W' <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> Z'</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sterilni_neutrino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sterilni neutrino (stranica ne postoji)">Sterilni neutrino</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vezano_stanje" title="Vezano stanje">Složene</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Hadron" title="Hadron">Hadroni</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;width:5em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Barion" title="Barion">Barioni</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiperion_(%C4%8Destica)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hiperion (čestica) (stranica ne postoji)">Hiperioni</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;width:auto;;background:#f7f7f7;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Nukleoni" class="mw-redirect" title="Nukleoni">N</a> (<a href="/wiki/Neutron" title="Neutron">n</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span><a href="/wiki/Proton" title="Proton">p</a>) <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Delta_barion" title="Delta barion">Δ</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Lambda_barion" title="Lambda barion">Λ</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sigma_barion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sigma barion (stranica ne postoji)">Σ</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Xi_barion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xi barion (stranica ne postoji)">Ξ</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Omega_barion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Omega barion (stranica ne postoji)">Ω</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;width:5em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Mezon" title="Mezon">Mezoni</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvarkonij&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kvarkonij (stranica ne postoji)">Kvarkoniji</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;width:auto;;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Pion" title="Pion">π</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ro_mezon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ro mezon (stranica ne postoji)">ρ</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eta_mezon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eta mezon (stranica ne postoji)">η <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span>η′</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Phi_mezon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phi mezon (stranica ne postoji)">φ</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Omega_mezon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Omega mezon (stranica ne postoji)">ω</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=J/%CF%88_mezon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="J/ψ mezon (stranica ne postoji)">J/ψ</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Upsilon_mezon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Upsilon mezon (stranica ne postoji)">ϒ</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Theta_mezon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Theta mezon (stranica ne postoji)">θ</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Kaon" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaon">K</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=B_mezon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="B mezon (stranica ne postoji)">B</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=D_mezon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="D mezon (stranica ne postoji)">D</a>  <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=T_mezon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="T mezon (stranica ne postoji)">T</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;font-weight:normal;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Druge</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Atomska_jezgra" class="mw-redirect" title="Atomska jezgra">Atomska jezgra</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Atom" title="Atom">Atomi</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Egzoti%C4%8Dni_atomi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Egzotični atomi (stranica ne postoji)">Egzotični atomi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pozitronij" title="Pozitronij">Pozitronij</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mionij&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mionij (stranica ne postoji)">Mionij</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Onij&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Onij (stranica ne postoji)">Onij</a>) <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Molekula" class="mw-redirect" title="Molekula">Molekule</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hipotetske_slo%C5%BEene_molekule&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hipotetske složene molekule (stranica ne postoji)">Hipotetske</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Egzoti%C4%8Dni_hadron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Egzotični hadron (stranica ne postoji)">Egzotični hadroni</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Egzoti%C4%8Dni_barion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Egzotični barion (stranica ne postoji)">Egzotični barioni</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dibarion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dibarion (stranica ne postoji)">Dibarion</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Pentakvark" class="mw-redirect" title="Pentakvark">Pentakvark</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Egzoti%C4%8Dni_mezon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Egzotični mezon (stranica ne postoji)">Egzotični mezoni</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glueball&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glueball (stranica ne postoji)">Glueball</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tetrakvark&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tetrakvark (stranica ne postoji)">Tetrakvark</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;font-weight:normal;;font-weight:normal;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Ostale</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mezonska_molekula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mezonska molekula (stranica ne postoji)">Mezonska molekula</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pomeron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pomeron (stranica ne postoji)">Pomeron</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kvazi%C4%8Destice" class="mw-redirect" title="Kvazičestice">Kvazičestice</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#f7f7f7;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Davydov_soliton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Davydov soliton (stranica ne postoji)">Davydov soliton</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eksciton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eksciton (stranica ne postoji)">Eksciton</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Magnon (stranica ne postoji)">Magnon</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Fonon" title="Fonon">Fonon</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Plazmaron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plazmaron (stranica ne postoji)">Plazmaron</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Plazmon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plazmon (stranica ne postoji)">Plazmon</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Polariton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polariton (stranica ne postoji)">Polariton</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Polaron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polaron (stranica ne postoji)">Polaron</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Roton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roton (stranica ne postoji)">Roton</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Popisi</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Popis_%C4%8Destica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Popis čestica (stranica ne postoji)">Popis čestica</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Popis_kvazi%C4%8Destica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Popis kvazičestica (stranica ne postoji)">Popis kvazičestica</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Popis_bariona&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Popis bariona (stranica ne postoji)">Popis bariona</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Popis_mezona&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Popis mezona (stranica ne postoji)">Popis mezona</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kronologija_otkri%C4%87a_%C4%8Destica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kronologija otkrića čestica (stranica ne postoji)">Kronologija otkrića čestica</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedija:Books&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedija:Books (stranica ne postoji)">Wikipedia books</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">Hadronska tvar: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book:Hadronic_Matter" class="extiw" title="en:Book:Hadronic Matter"><i>Hadronic Matter</i></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> Čestice standardnog modela: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book:Particles_of_the_Standard_Model" class="extiw" title="en:Book:Particles of the Standard Model"><i>Particles of the Standard Model</i></a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r41348688"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Historija_fizike" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r41556979"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r41556873"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-prikaži"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ablon:Historija_fizike" title="Šablon:Historija fizike"><abbr title="Pogledajte šablon" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">p</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-razgovor"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Razgovor_o_%C5%A1ablonu:Historija_fizike&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Razgovor o šablonu:Historija fizike (stranica ne postoji)"><abbr title="Razgovarajte o šablonu" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">r</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-uredi"><a class="external text" href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0ablon:Historija_fizike&action=edit"><abbr title="Uredite šablon" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">u</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Historija_fizike" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Historija_fizike" title="Historija fizike">Historija fizike</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Fundamentalni_koncepti_fizike" title="Kategorija:Fundamentalni koncepti fizike">Pojmovi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Svetlost" title="Svetlost">Svetlost</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Val" title="Val">Val</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Osnovne_sile" title="Osnovne sile">Osnovne sile</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Energija" title="Energija">Energija</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Materija" title="Materija">Materija</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Masa" title="Masa">Masa</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Etar_(fizika)" title="Etar (fizika)">Etar</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Kretanje" title="Kretanje">Kretanje</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Gravitacija" title="Gravitacija">Gravitacija</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Elektricitet" title="Elektricitet">Elektricitet</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Sila" title="Sila">Sila</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Tromost" class="mw-redirect" title="Tromost">Tromost</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Valno-%C4%8Desti%C4%8Dni_dualizam" title="Valno-čestični dualizam">Valno-čestični dualizam</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Prostorvreme" title="Prostorvreme">Prostorvreme</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Entropija" title="Entropija">Entropija</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Podru%C4%8Dja_fizike" title="Kategorija:Područja fizike">Područja</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Astronomija" title="Astronomija">Astronomija</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Kosmologija" title="Kosmologija">Kosmologija</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Optika" title="Optika">Optika</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Mehanika" title="Mehanika">Mehanika</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Elektrostatika" title="Elektrostatika">Elektrostatika</a>  <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Elektromagnetizam" title="Elektromagnetizam">Elektromagnetizam</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Termodinamika" title="Termodinamika">Termodinamika</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Kvantna_fizika" class="mw-redirect" title="Kvantna fizika">Kvantna fizika</a> </span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Pokusi_iz_fizike" title="Kategorija:Pokusi iz fizike">Pokusi</a> i <br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategorija:Otkri%C4%87a_u_fizici&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategorija:Otkrića u fizici (stranica ne postoji)">otkrića</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Antička</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Atom" title="Atom">Teorija atoma</a> <b>•</b> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/O_veli%C4%8Dini_i_udaljenosti_Sunca_i_Mjeseca" title="O veličini i udaljenosti Sunca i Mjeseca">Udaljenost Sunca i Meseca</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Arhimedov_zakon" title="Arhimedov zakon">Arhimedov zakon</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Eratosten#Određivanje_obima_Zemlje" title="Eratosten">Obim zemlje</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teorija_impetusa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teorija impetusa (stranica ne postoji)">Teorija impetusa</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Knjiga_o_optici" title="Knjiga o optici">Alhazenova optika</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Klasi%C4%8Dna_fizika" title="Klasična fizika">Klasična</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Heliocentrizam" title="Heliocentrizam">Kopernikov sustav</a> <b>•</b> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Snellov_zakon" title="Snellov zakon">Snellov zakon</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Keplerovi_zakoni_planetarnog_kretanja" title="Keplerovi zakoni planetarnog kretanja">Keplerovi zakoni planetarnog kretanja</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Slobodni_pad" title="Slobodni pad">Slobodni pad</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Kretanje_hica" title="Kretanje hica">Kretanje hica</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Galileijeva_relativnost" title="Galileijeva relativnost">Galileijeva relativnost</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Pascalov_zakon" title="Pascalov zakon">Pascalov zakon</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Hookeov_zakon" title="Hookeov zakon">Hookeov zakon</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Boyle-Mariotteov_zakon" title="Boyle-Mariotteov zakon">Boyleov zakon</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Brzina_svjetlosti" title="Brzina svjetlosti">Brzina svjetlosti</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Opticks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Opticks (stranica ne postoji)">Njutnova teorija boja</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Newtonovi_zakoni_kretanja" title="Newtonovi zakoni kretanja">Newtonovi zakoni kretanja</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Newtonov_zakon_gravitacije" title="Newtonov zakon gravitacije">Newtonov zakon gravitacije</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Huygensov_princip" title="Huygensov princip">Huygensov princip</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Zakon_odr%C5%BEanja_mase" title="Zakon održanja mase">Zakon održanja mase</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Coulombov_zakon" title="Coulombov zakon">Kulonov zakon</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Svetlost#Valna_teorija" title="Svetlost">Valna teorija svetla</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Atomska_teorija" title="Atomska teorija">Atomska teorija</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Amp%C3%A8reov_zakon_kru%C5%BEenja" class="mw-redirect" title="Ampèreov zakon kruženja">Ampèreov zakon</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Ohmov_zakon" title="Ohmov zakon">Ohmov zakon</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Faradayev_zakon_indukcije" title="Faradayev zakon indukcije">Faradayev zakon indukcije</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Gaussov_zakon_elektri%C4%8Dnoga_polja" title="Gaussov zakon električnoga polja">Gaussov zakon</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Zakon_o%C4%8Duvanja_energije" title="Zakon očuvanja energije">Zakon očuvanja energije</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Dopplerov_efekat" title="Dopplerov efekat">Dopplerov efekat</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Drugi_zakon_termodinamike" title="Drugi zakon termodinamike">Drugi zakon termodinamike</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Foucaultovo_klatno" title="Foucaultovo klatno">Foucaultovo klatno</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Maxwellove_jednad%C5%BEbe" title="Maxwellove jednadžbe">Maxwellove jednadžbe</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Michelson%E2%80%93Morleyjev_eksperiment" title="Michelson–Morleyjev eksperiment">Michelson–Morleyjev eksperiment</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Elektromagnetsko_zra%C4%8Denje" title="Elektromagnetsko zračenje">Elektromagnetsko zračenje</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Kvantna_mehanika" title="Kvantna mehanika">Moderna</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;width:auto;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Lorentzove_transformacije" title="Lorentzove transformacije">Lorentzove transformacije</a> <b>•</b> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Kvant" title="Kvant">Kvant</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Fotoelektri%C4%8Dni_efekt" title="Fotoelektrični efekt">Fotoelektrični efekt</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Brownovo_kretanje" title="Brownovo kretanje">Brownovo kretanje</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/X-zrake" title="X-zrake">X-zrake</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron">Elektron</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Specijalna_teorija_relativnosti" title="Specijalna teorija relativnosti">Specijalna relativnost</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ekvivalentnost_mase_i_energije" title="Ekvivalentnost mase i energije">ekvivalentnost mase i energije</a>) <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Foton" title="Foton">Foton</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Atomsko_jezgro" title="Atomsko jezgro">Atomsko jezgro</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Bohrov_model_atoma" title="Bohrov model atoma">Bohrov model atoma</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Op%C5%A1ta_teorija_relativnosti" title="Opšta teorija relativnosti">Opšta relativnost</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Valovi_tvari" title="Valovi tvari">Valovi tvari</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0irenje_svemira" title="Širenje svemira">Širenje svemira</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0redingerova_jedna%C4%8Dina" class="mw-redirect" title="Šredingerova jednačina">Šredingerova jednačina</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Na%C4%8Delo_neodre%C4%91enosti" title="Načelo neodređenosti">Načelo neodređenosti</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Neutron" title="Neutron">Neutron</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Nuklearna_fisija" title="Nuklearna fisija">Nuklearna fisija</a> i <a href="/wiki/Nuklearna_fuzija" title="Nuklearna fuzija">fuzija</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Pulsar" title="Pulsar">Pulsar</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Kvark" title="Kvark">Kvark</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Standardni model čestica</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Efekt_staklenika" title="Efekt staklenika">Efekt staklenika</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Kozmi%C4%8Dko_pozadinsko_zra%C4%8Denje" title="Kozmičko pozadinsko zračenje">Kozmičko pozadinsko zračenje</a>  <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Higgsov_bozon" title="Higgsov bozon">Higgsov bozon</a>  <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Gravitacijski_val" title="Gravitacijski val">Gravitacijski valovi</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Fizi%C4%8Dari" title="Kategorija:Fizičari">Fizičari</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Tales" title="Tales">Tales</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Empedokle" title="Empedokle">Empedokle</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Demokrit" title="Demokrit">Demokrit</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Aristotel" title="Aristotel">Aristotel</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Aristarh" title="Aristarh">Aristarh</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Arhimed" title="Arhimed">Arhimed</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Eratosten" title="Eratosten">Eratosten</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Jovan_Filopon" title="Jovan Filopon">Filopon</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Ibn_al-Haitam" title="Ibn al-Haitam">Al Haitam</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Nicole_Oresme" title="Nicole Oresme">Oresme</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Nikola_Kopernik" title="Nikola Kopernik">Kopernik</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Tycho_Brahe" title="Tycho Brahe">Tycho Brahe</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Kepler" title="Johannes Kepler">Kepler</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Galileo_Galilei" title="Galileo Galilei">Galilei</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Evangelista_Torricelli" title="Evangelista Torricelli">Torricelli</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Boyle" title="Robert Boyle">Boyle</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Hooke" title="Robert Hooke">Hooke</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Christiaan_Huygens" title="Christiaan Huygens">Huygens</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton" title="Isaac Newton">Newton</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin" title="Benjamin Franklin">Franklin</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Mihail_Lomonosov" title="Mihail Lomonosov">Lomonosov</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Charles-Augustin_de_Coulomb" title="Charles-Augustin de Coulomb">Coulomb</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Pierre-Simon_Laplace" title="Pierre-Simon Laplace">Laplace</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Hans_Christian_%C3%98rsted" title="Hans Christian Ørsted">Ørsted</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Georg_Simon_Ohm" title="Georg Simon Ohm">Ohm</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Michael_Faraday" title="Michael Faraday">Faraday</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Christian_Doppler" title="Christian Doppler">Doppler</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Foucault" title="Léon Foucault">Foucault</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/James_Clerk_Maxwell" title="James Clerk Maxwell">Maxwell</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Joseph_John_Thomson" title="Joseph John Thomson">Thomson</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Conrad_R%C3%B6ntgen" class="mw-redirect" title="Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen">Röntgen</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Max_Planck" title="Max Planck">Planck</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Einstein</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Niels_Bohr" title="Niels Bohr">Bohr</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Erwin_Schr%C3%B6dinger" title="Erwin Schrödinger">Schrödinger</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Werner_Heisenberg" title="Werner Heisenberg">Heisenberg</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Louis_de_Broglie" title="Louis de Broglie">De Broglie</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Rutherford" title="Ernest Rutherford">Rutherford</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Enrico_Fermi" title="Enrico Fermi">Fermi</a>  <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Peter_Higgs" title="Peter Higgs">Higgs</a> </span></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Historija_fizike" title="Kategorija:Historija fizike">Kategorija</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr">Izvor: <a dir="ltr" href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Standardni_model_čestica&oldid=41015681">https://sh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Standardni_model_čestica&oldid=41015681</a></div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Kategorije" title="Posebno:Kategorije">Kategorije</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Fizika_elementarnih_%C4%8Destica" title="Kategorija:Fizika elementarnih čestica">Fizika elementarnih čestica</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Kvantna_mehanika" title="Kategorija:Kvantna mehanika">Kvantna mehanika</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Fundamentalni_koncepti_fizike" title="Kategorija:Fundamentalni koncepti fizike">Fundamentalni koncepti fizike</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ova stranica je posljednji put izmijenjena 7. septembra 2020. u 12:53.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Tekst je dostupan pod licencom <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike</a>; mogu se primijeniti i dodatni uslovi. Za više informacija pogledajte <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Uslove korištenja</a>.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Pravila o privatnosti</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:O_projektu">O projektu</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Op%C4%87e_odricanje_odgovornosti">Odricanje odgovornosti</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Kodeks ponašanja</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Programeri</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/sh.wikipedia.org">Statistika</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Izjava o kolačićima</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//sh.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobilni prikaz</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-7bc9588894-zmxqg","wgBackendResponseTime":205,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.285","walltime":"0.665","ppvisitednodes":{"value":5616,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":183645,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":21756,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":17,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":13539,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["138.61% 298.090 13 Šablon:Navbox","100.00% 215.054 1 -total"," 68.09% 146.424 1 Šablon:Čestice_u_fizici"," 62.95% 135.375 11 Šablon:Navbox_subgroup"," 16.91% 36.371 1 Šablon:Izvori"," 12.54% 26.967 1 Šablon:Historija_fizike"," 5.64% 12.121 3 Šablon:Overline"," 1.63% 3.509 1 Šablon:Main_other"," 1.38% 2.958 1 Šablon:Glavni"," 1.29% 2.770 116 Šablon:·w"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.081","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":1852531,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-67876799fc-vg9x5","timestamp":"20241127173535","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Standardni model \u010destica","url":"https:\/\/sh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Standardni_model_%C4%8Destica","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q18338","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q18338","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Doprinositelji Wikimedijinim projektima"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2015-06-23T05:06:23Z","dateModified":"2020-09-07T11:53:41Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/3\/3a\/Standard_Model_of_Elementary_Particles_hr.svg"}</script> </body> </html>