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Mining </option> <option value="modelling" > Modelling </option> <option value="mmphys" > Modern Mathematical Physics </option> <option value="molbank" > Molbank </option> <option value="molecules" > Molecules </option> <option value="mti" > Multimodal Technologies and Interaction (MTI) </option> <option value="muscles" > Muscles </option> <option value="nanoenergyadv" > Nanoenergy Advances </option> <option value="nanomanufacturing" > Nanomanufacturing </option> <option value="nanomaterials" > Nanomaterials </option> <option value="ndt" > NDT </option> <option value="network" > Network </option> <option value="neuroglia" > Neuroglia </option> <option value="neurolint" > Neurology International </option> <option value="neurosci" > NeuroSci </option> <option value="nitrogen" > Nitrogen </option> <option value="ncrna" > Non-Coding RNA (ncRNA) </option> <option value="nursrep" > Nursing Reports </option> <option value="nutraceuticals" > Nutraceuticals </option> <option value="nutrients" > 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<option value="toxins" > Toxins </option> <option value="transplantology" > Transplantology </option> <option value="traumacare" > Trauma Care </option> <option value="higheredu" > Trends in Higher Education </option> <option value="tropicalmed" > Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease (TropicalMed) </option> <option value="universe" > Universe </option> <option value="urbansci" > Urban Science </option> <option value="uro" > Uro </option> <option value="vaccines" > Vaccines </option> <option value="vehicles" > Vehicles </option> <option value="venereology" > Venereology </option> <option value="vetsci" > Veterinary Sciences </option> <option value="vibration" > Vibration </option> <option value="virtualworlds" > Virtual Worlds </option> <option value="viruses" > Viruses </option> <option value="vision" > Vision </option> <option value="waste" > Waste </option> <option value="water" > Water </option> <option value="wild" > Wild </option> <option value="wind" > Wind </option> <option 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value="appliedchem"> <div class="large-4 medium-4 small-12 columns"> <div class="listing-option__label"> Order results </div> <div class="listing-option__options"> <select class="chosen-select" name="sort" onchange="$('#articleBrowserView').click(); return false;"> <option value="bibliographic" >Bibliographic</option> <option value="relevance" >Relevance</option> <option value="pubdate" selected = 'selected'>Publication Date</option> <option value="reference_citedby_number_max" >Times Cited</option> <option value="articles_stats_art_view_page" >Times Viewed</option> </select> </div> </div> <div class="large-4 medium-4 small-12 columns"> <div class="listing-option__label"> Result details </div> <div class="listing-option__options"> <select class="chosen-select" name="view" onchange="$('#articleBrowserView').click(); return false;"> <option value="default" selected="selected">Normal</option> <option value="abstract" >Extended</option> <option value="compact" >Compact</option> </select> </div> </div> <div class="large-4 medium-4 small-12 columns"> <div class="listing-option__label"> Results per page </div> <div class="listing-option__options"> <select class="chosen-select" name="page_count" onchange="$('#articleBrowserView').click(); return false;"> <option value="10"> 10 </option> <option value="50" selected="selected"> 50 </option> <option value="100"> 100 </option> <option value="200"> 200 </option> </select> </div> </div> <div class="listing-apply" style="display: none;"> <input type="submit" value="Apply Settings" class="articleBrowserSubmit" data-url="https://www.mdpi.com/search?journal=appliedchem&sort=pubdate" id="articleBrowserView"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row listing-select-options1"> <div class="columns small-12"> <div class="select generic-item"> <a href="#" class="export-options-show export-element export-expanded"> Show export options <i class="material-icons">expand_more</i> </a> <a href="#" class="export-options-show export-element"> Show 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class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1523824" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 17 pages, 7847 KiB   </span> <a href="/2673-9623/4/4/23/pdf?version=1731980164" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Electrochemical Analysis of Corrosion Resistance of Manganese-Coated Annealed Steel: Chronoamperometric and Voltammetric Study" data-journal="appliedchem"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2673-9623/4/4/23">Electrochemical Analysis of Corrosion Resistance of Manganese-Coated Annealed Steel: Chronoamperometric and Voltammetric Study</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Francisco Augusto Nuñez Pérez</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>AppliedChem</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>4</em>(4), 367-383; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4040023">https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4040023</a> - 19 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 483 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Metal corrosion poses a significant challenge for industries by decreasing the lifespan of materials and escalating maintenance and replacement costs. This study is critically important, as it assesses the corrosion resistance properties of annealed steel wire electrodes coated with manganese, employing chronoamperometry and <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9623/4/4/23/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Metal corrosion poses a significant challenge for industries by decreasing the lifespan of materials and escalating maintenance and replacement costs. This study is critically important, as it assesses the corrosion resistance properties of annealed steel wire electrodes coated with manganese, employing chronoamperometry and linear voltammetry techniques. The electrodes were immersed in an electrolyte solution and subjected to chronoamperometry at various voltages (−0.55 V, −0.60 V, and −0.70 V) and durations (60 s and 1800 s). Subsequently, linear voltammetry was performed over a potential range from −0.8 V to 0.8 V to generate Tafel plots. The Butler–Volmer equation was applied to the data obtained to determine the corrosion current density. The results indicate that the optimal conditions for forming a highly effective protective manganese layer occur at a potential of −0.70 V for 1800 s. Under these conditions, the electrodes exhibited superior corrosion resistance. This study also revealed that shorter durations and less negative potentials led to less-effective manganese coatings, with higher corrosion rates and reduced stability. These findings are significant for developing efficient corrosion protection methods in industrial and research applications, providing clear parameters for optimizing the manganese electrodeposition process on annealed steel. <a href="/2673-9623/4/4/23">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9623/4/4/23/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1523824"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1523824"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1523824" data-cycle-prev="#prev1523824" data-cycle-progressive="#images1523824" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1523824-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00023/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00023-g001-550.jpg?1731980241" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1523824" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1523824-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00023/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00023-g002-550.jpg?1731980243'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1523824-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00023/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00023-g003-550.jpg?1731980244'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1523824-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00023/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00023-g004-550.jpg?1731980245'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1523824-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00023/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00023-g005-550.jpg?1731980246'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1523824-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00023/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00023-g006-550.jpg?1731980247'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1523824-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00023/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00023-g007-550.jpg?1731980248'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1523824-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00023/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00023-g008-550.jpg?1731980249'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1523824-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00023/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00023-g009-550.jpg?1731980250'><p>Figure 9</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-1523824-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00023/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00023-g010-550.jpg?1731980251'><p>Figure 10</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='10' data-target='article-1523824-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00023/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00023-g011-550.jpg?1731980252'><p>Figure 11</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='11' data-target='article-1523824-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00023/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00023-g012-550.jpg?1731980252'><p>Figure 12</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='12' data-target='article-1523824-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00023/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00023-g013-550.jpg?1731980253'><p>Figure 13</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='13' data-target='article-1523824-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00023/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00023-g014-550.jpg?1731980254'><p>Figure 14</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1523824-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00023/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00023-g001-550.jpg?1731980241" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Open Circuit Potential (OCP) voltage stability over time for manganese-coated steel electrodes.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/4/23'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00023/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00023-g002-550.jpg?1731980243" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Cyclic voltammetry curves for manganese-coated steel electrodes.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/4/23'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00023/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00023-g003-550.jpg?1731980244" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Detail of potential range for Mn<sup>2+</sup> to Mn reduction reactions.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/4/23'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00023/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00023-g004-550.jpg?1731980245" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Cyclic voltammetry analysis with logarithmic transformation.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/4/23'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00023/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00023-g005-550.jpg?1731980246" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Chronoamperometry at −0.55 V, −0.60 V, and −0.70 V.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/4/23'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00023/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00023-g006-550.jpg?1731980247" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Chronoamperometry at −0.60 V and −0.70 V.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/4/23'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00023/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00023-g007-550.jpg?1731980248" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>Linear voltammetry curves under different chronoamperometric conditions.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/4/23'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00023/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00023-g008-550.jpg?1731980249" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>Tafel plots obtained via linear voltammetry (ln(current density) vs. potential) for annealed steel electrodes under different chronoamperometric conditions.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/4/23'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00023/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00023-g009-550.jpg?1731980250" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>Nyquist plot for different potentials.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/4/23'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00023/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00023-g010-550.jpg?1731980251" title=" <strong>Figure 10</strong><br/> <p>Bode plot for different potentials.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/4/23'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00023/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00023-g011-550.jpg?1731980252" title=" <strong>Figure 11</strong><br/> <p>Phase plot for different potentials.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/4/23'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00023/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00023-g012-550.jpg?1731980252" title=" <strong>Figure 12</strong><br/> <p>Equivalent circuit model for manganese electrodeposition at −0.7 V showing high charge transfer resistance (R<sub>ct</sub>).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/4/23'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00023/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00023-g013-550.jpg?1731980253" title=" <strong>Figure 13</strong><br/> <p>Equivalent circuit model for manganese electrodeposition at −0.6 V indicating moderate charge transfer resistance (R<sub>ct</sub>).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/4/23'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00023/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00023-g014-550.jpg?1731980254" title=" <strong>Figure 14</strong><br/> <p>Equivalent circuit model for manganese electrodeposition at −0.55 V with low charge transfer resistance (R<sub>ct</sub>).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/4/23'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1505225" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 14 pages, 8292 KiB   </span> <a href="/2673-9623/4/4/22/pdf?version=1729743094" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Synthesis and Electrochemical Characterization of Ru-Modified Iridium Oxide Catalysts for PEM Electrolysis" data-journal="appliedchem"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2673-9623/4/4/22">Synthesis and Electrochemical Characterization of Ru-Modified Iridium Oxide Catalysts for PEM Electrolysis</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Stanford Chidziva</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Dorcas Zide</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Joshua John Bambo</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Anele Sinto</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sivakumar Pasupathi</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Bernard J. Bladergroen</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>AppliedChem</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>4</em>(4), 353-366; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4040022">https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4040022</a> - 24 Oct 2024 </div> Viewed by 676 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> In the search of sustainable energy solutions, proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWEs) have emerged as a promising alternative for sustainable clean hydrogen production. This study focuses on synthesis and characterization of Ruthenium (Ru)-modified iridium oxide (IrO<sub>2</sub>) catalysts. The anode is <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9623/4/4/22/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> In the search of sustainable energy solutions, proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWEs) have emerged as a promising alternative for sustainable clean hydrogen production. This study focuses on synthesis and characterization of Ruthenium (Ru)-modified iridium oxide (IrO<sub>2</sub>) catalysts. The anode is the principal reason for the high overpotential of PEMWEs and it also greatly increases the cost of the electrolyzers. IrO<sub>2</sub> is highly stable and corrosion-resistant, particularly in acidic environments, making it a durable catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in PEMWEs, though it suffers from a relatively high overpotential. Ruthenium oxide (RuO<sub>2</sub>), on the other hand, is more catalytically active with a lower overpotential, but is less stable under the same conditions. In this study, the goal was to improve the catalytic activity and stability of the anode catalyst, IrO<sub>2</sub>, through the controlled incorporation of Ru and to reduce overall catalyst cost due to the reduced iridium content. This synergistic combination allows for better performance in terms of conductivity, efficiency, and durability, making Ru-modified IrO<sub>2</sub> an ideal catalyst for OER in PEMWE applications. The Adams fusion method was adapted and used to synthesize the catalysts. The modified catalysts were characterized using analytical instruments. These analyses provided insights into the structural, morphological, and electrochemical properties of the Ru-modified IrO<sub>2</sub> catalysts. <a href="/2673-9623/4/4/22">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9623/4/4/22/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1505225"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1505225"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1505225" data-cycle-prev="#prev1505225" data-cycle-progressive="#images1505225" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1505225-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00022/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00022-g001-550.jpg?1729743228" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1505225" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1505225-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00022/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00022-g002-550.jpg?1729743230'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1505225-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00022/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00022-g003-550.jpg?1729743232'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1505225-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00022/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00022-g004-550.jpg?1729743239'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1505225-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00022/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00022-g005-550.jpg?1729743243'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1505225-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00022/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00022-g006-550.jpg?1729743244'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1505225-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00022/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00022-g007-550.jpg?1729743244'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1505225-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00022/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00022-g008-550.jpg?1729743245'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1505225-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00022/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00022-g009-550.jpg?1729743246'><p>Figure 9</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1505225-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00022/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00022-g001-550.jpg?1729743228" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Illustration showing how the GC WE were cleaned.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/4/22'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00022/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00022-g002-550.jpg?1729743230" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Illustration showing the setup of the electrochemical cell.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/4/22'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00022/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00022-g003-550.jpg?1729743232" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>XRD spectra of IH Ru-modified IrO<sub>2</sub> catalyst and commercial IrO<sub>2</sub> and RuO<sub>2</sub>.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/4/22'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00022/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00022-g004-550.jpg?1729743239" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>SEM images of (<b>a</b>) IrO<sub>2</sub> commercial, (<b>b</b>) Ir<sub>0.8</sub>Ru<sub>0.2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-IH and (<b>c</b>) RuO<sub>2</sub> commercial at scale of 100 nm.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/4/22'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00022/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00022-g005-550.jpg?1729743243" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>TEM image of (<b>a</b>) RuO<sub>2</sub> commercial, (<b>b</b>) Ir<sub>0.8</sub>Ru<sub>0.2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-IH and (<b>c</b>) IrO<sub>2</sub> commercial at scale of 20 nm.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/4/22'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00022/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00022-g006-550.jpg?1729743244" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Nitrogen adsorption and desorption of the (<b>a</b>) IrO<sub>2</sub> commercial, (<b>b</b>) RuO<sub>2</sub> commercial and (<b>c</b>) Ir<sub>0.8</sub>Ru<sub>0.2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-IH.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/4/22'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00022/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00022-g007-550.jpg?1729743244" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>CV analysis of commercial IrO<sub>2</sub> and RuO<sub>2</sub>, and Ir<sub>0.8</sub>Ru<sub>0.2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-IH in 0.5 M of H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> electrolyte.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/4/22'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00022/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00022-g008-550.jpg?1729743245" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>LSV analysis of commercial IrO<sub>2</sub> and RuO<sub>2</sub>, and Ir<sub>0.8</sub>Ru<sub>0.2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-IH in 0.5 M of H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> electrolyte.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/4/22'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00022/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00022-g009-550.jpg?1729743246" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>CP analysis of commercial IrO<sub>2</sub> and RuO<sub>2</sub>, and Ir<sub>0.8</sub>Ru<sub>0.2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-IH in 0.5 M of H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> electrolyte at 10 mA·cm<sup>−2</sup>.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/4/22'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1504844" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 20 pages, 1346 KiB   </span> <a href="/2673-9623/4/4/21/pdf?version=1729682902" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Group Contribution Revisited: The Enthalpy of Formation of Organic Compounds with “Chemical Accuracy” Part VI" data-journal="appliedchem"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2673-9623/4/4/21">Group Contribution Revisited: The Enthalpy of Formation of Organic Compounds with “Chemical Accuracy” Part VI</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Robert J. Meier</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Paul R. Rablen</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>AppliedChem</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>4</em>(4), 333-352; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4040021">https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4040021</a> - 23 Oct 2024 </div> Viewed by 503 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> In this paper we provide the reader with a ready to use Group Contribution (GC) method for the heat of formation (gaseous state) of organics in the form of an Excel spreadsheet with all data, enabling further predictions, and an accompanying manual on <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9623/4/4/21/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> In this paper we provide the reader with a ready to use Group Contribution (GC) method for the heat of formation (gaseous state) of organics in the form of an Excel spreadsheet with all data, enabling further predictions, and an accompanying manual on how to use the GC model for predicting the heat of formation for organics. In addition, in order to widen the applicability of the method whilst retaining chemical accuracy compared to our previous publications on this topic, we include further chemical groups including acetals, benzyl ethers, bicyclic hydrocarbons, alkanediols and glycerol, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, aromatic fluoro compounds, and finally several species which we include to illustrate how the GC model can be successfully applied to species we did not consider during the parameterization of the GC model parameters. <a href="/2673-9623/4/4/21">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9623/4/4/21/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1504844-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00021/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00021-sch001-550.jpg?1729683053" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Scheme 1</p></div></div></div><div id="article-1504844-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00021/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00021-sch001-550.jpg?1729683053" title=" <strong>Scheme 1</strong><br/> <p>Chemical structures of the compounds of <a href="#appliedchem-04-00021-t008" class="html-table">Table 8</a> and related discussion in the text.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/4/21'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1503733" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 13 pages, 7488 KiB   </span> <a href="/2673-9623/4/4/20/pdf?version=1729581500" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Molecular Docking Assessment of Limonoids from Cameroonian Entandrophragma Species as Potential Inhibitors of Anopheles gambiae Acetylcholinesterase (AChE)" data-journal="appliedchem"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2673-9623/4/4/20">Molecular Docking Assessment of Limonoids from Cameroonian <i>Entandrophragma</i> Species as Potential Inhibitors of <i>Anopheles gambiae</i> Acetylcholinesterase (AChE)</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Gervais Mouthé Happi</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sajjad Haider</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sikiru Akinyeye Ahmed</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Zaheer Ul-Haq</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>AppliedChem</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>4</em>(4), 320-332; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4040020">https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4040020</a> - 22 Oct 2024 </div> Viewed by 523 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Malaria remains one of the great killers in tropical regions of the world due to the transmission of the <i>Plasmodium</i> parasite by the bites of the female mosquito <i>Anopheles</i>. The resistance of this species to synthetic insecticides contributes to an increase in <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9623/4/4/20/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Malaria remains one of the great killers in tropical regions of the world due to the transmission of the <i>Plasmodium</i> parasite by the bites of the female mosquito <i>Anopheles</i>. The resistance of this species to synthetic insecticides contributes to an increase in the incidence of malaria and therefore necessitates the development of new potent and eco-friendly insecticides. In this study, twelve previously reported limonoids from four <i>Entandrophragma</i> species collected in Cameroon have been computationally evaluated for their <i>Anopheles gambiae</i> AChE inhibitory activity. The docking procedure was carried out through Molecular Operating Environment 2019.01 (MOE), while the UCSF Chimera program was used to model the docking results based on interactions between proteins and ligands, and molecular dynamics trajectories were analyzed using the GROMACS 2021.1 tool. Entandrophragmin and encandollens B and C with docking scores ranging from −6.45 to −7.28 kcal/mol were the most promising hits compared to the reference azadirachtin (−6.22 kcal/mol) and were further evaluated for their mechanism of action. Subsequent evaluation classified encandollen C as the best candidate for the development of new potent eco-friendly insecticides based on its lower average RMSD and RMSF and its compactness over a 150 ns duration with acetylcholinesterase. <a href="/2673-9623/4/4/20">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9623/4/4/20/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1503733"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1503733"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1503733" data-cycle-prev="#prev1503733" data-cycle-progressive="#images1503733" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1503733-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00020/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00020-ag-550.jpg?1729581577" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Graphical abstract</p></div><script id="images1503733" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1503733-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00020/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00020-g001-550.jpg?1729581567'><p>Figure 1</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1503733-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00020/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00020-g002-550.jpg?1729581568'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1503733-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00020/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00020-g003-550.jpg?1729581569'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1503733-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00020/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00020-g004-550.jpg?1729581571'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1503733-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00020/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00020-g005-550.jpg?1729581572'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1503733-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00020/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00020-g006-550.jpg?1729581574'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1503733-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00020/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00020-g007-550.jpg?1729581575'><p>Figure 7</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1503733-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00020/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00020-ag-550.jpg?1729581577" title=" <strong>Graphical abstract</strong><br/><strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/4/20'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00020/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00020-g001-550.jpg?1729581567" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Limonoids (<b>1</b>–<b>12</b>) isolated from genus <span class="html-italic">Entandrophragma</span>.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/4/20'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00020/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00020-g002-550.jpg?1729581568" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Structure of azadirachtin (reference compound).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/4/20'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00020/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00020-g003-550.jpg?1729581569" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>The assembled dock poses of compounds <b>2</b>, <b>4</b>, and <b>5</b> and the reference compound (azadirachtin) against the binding pocket of acetylcholinesterase depicted in 3D format.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/4/20'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00020/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00020-g004-550.jpg?1729581571" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Three-dimensional graphical structures representing the binding interactions of compounds <b>2</b> (<b>A</b>), <b>4</b> (<b>B</b>), and <b>5</b> (<b>C</b>) in the active pocket of acetylcholinesterase.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/4/20'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00020/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00020-g005-550.jpg?1729581572" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>The RMSD spectrum of the Apo protein, the reference compound (azadirachtin), and compounds <b>2</b>, <b>4</b>, and <b>5</b> during the MD simulation of 150 ns.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/4/20'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00020/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00020-g006-550.jpg?1729581574" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>The RMSF spectrum of the Apo protein, the reference compound (azadirachtin), and compounds <b>2</b>, <b>4</b>, and <b>5</b> during the MD simulation of 150 ns.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/4/20'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00020/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00020-g007-550.jpg?1729581575" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>The Rg spectrum of the Apo protein, the reference compound (azadirachtin), and compounds <b>2</b>, <b>4</b>, and <b>5</b> during the MD simulation of 150 ns.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/4/20'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1483760" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 18 pages, 5630 KiB   </span> <a href="/2673-9623/4/3/19/pdf?version=1727162877" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Eco-Friendly Chitosan Composites: Transforming Miscanthus, Mushroom, Textile and Olive Waste into Sustainable Materials" data-journal="appliedchem"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2673-9623/4/3/19">Eco-Friendly Chitosan Composites: Transforming Miscanthus, Mushroom, Textile and Olive Waste into Sustainable Materials</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yasmina Khalaf</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Peter El Hage</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Souha Mansour</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Nicolas Brosse</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Julia Dimitrova Mihajlova</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Anne Bergeret</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Patrick Lacroix</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Roland El Hage</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>AppliedChem</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>4</em>(3), 302-319; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4030019">https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4030019</a> - 23 Sep 2024 </div> Viewed by 932 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Recycling olive waste, a major by-product of the olive oil industry, presents significant environmental and economic benefits. This study explores the potential of olive waste (OW) by-products, specifically their individual components such as olive stones (OS), olive oily pomace (OS) and olive oil-free <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9623/4/3/19/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Recycling olive waste, a major by-product of the olive oil industry, presents significant environmental and economic benefits. This study explores the potential of olive waste (OW) by-products, specifically their individual components such as olive stones (OS), olive oily pomace (OS) and olive oil-free pomace (OF), as sustainable alternatives to wood in eco-friendly composite materials, alongside other residues such as miscanthus, spent mushroom substrate and recycled textile waste. Composite panels were produced with densities ranging from 685 to 907 kg/m<sup>3</sup> through thermocompression. The manuscript details the production methodology and assesses the panel’s thermal performance, water absorption, and mechanical strength. The aim is to assess the viability of these alternative materials in producing composites that could serve as environmentally friendly substitutes for traditional wood-based products. Oil-free pomace is a promising and effective alternative to wood, suitable for dry environments. Composite panels composed of miscanthus or spent mushroom substrate and oil-free pomace met the EN 312 standards for general-purpose products in dry conditions, highlighting their potential for use in sustainable applications. <a href="/2673-9623/4/3/19">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9623/4/3/19/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1483760"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1483760"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1483760" data-cycle-prev="#prev1483760" data-cycle-progressive="#images1483760" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1483760-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00019/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00019-ag-550.jpg?1727162970" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Graphical abstract</p></div><script id="images1483760" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1483760-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00019/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00019-g001-550.jpg?1727162949'><p>Figure 1</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1483760-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00019/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00019-g002-550.jpg?1727162952'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1483760-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00019/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00019-g003-550.jpg?1727162954'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1483760-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00019/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00019-g004-550.jpg?1727162958'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1483760-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00019/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00019-g005-550.jpg?1727162959'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1483760-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00019/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00019-g006-550.jpg?1727162960'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1483760-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00019/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00019-g007-550.jpg?1727162962'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1483760-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00019/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00019-g008-550.jpg?1727162964'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-1483760-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00019/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00019-g009-550.jpg?1727162965'><p>Figure 9</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='10' data-target='article-1483760-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00019/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00019-g010-550.jpg?1727162968'><p>Figure 10</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='11' data-target='article-1483760-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00019/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00019-g011-550.jpg?1727162969'><p>Figure 11</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1483760-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00019/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00019-ag-550.jpg?1727162970" title=" <strong>Graphical abstract</strong><br/><strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/19'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00019/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00019-g001-550.jpg?1727162949" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Selected reinforcements for the composite processing: (<b>A1</b>) M as received, (<b>A2</b>) M as used, (<b>B1</b>) SMS as received, (<b>B2</b>) SMS as used, (<b>C1</b>) OW, (<b>C2</b>) OP, (<b>C3</b>) OS, (<b>C4</b>) OF, (<b>D1</b>) T.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/19'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00019/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00019-g002-550.jpg?1727162952" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Photographs of the different panels and (<b>b</b>) porosity variation as a function of apparent density of the panels.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/19'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00019/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00019-g003-550.jpg?1727162954" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Thermal conductivity of the panels; (<b>b</b>) thermal conductivity variation as a function of the density of the panels.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/19'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00019/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00019-g004-550.jpg?1727162958" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Surfaces and (<b>b</b>) cross-sections of the different panels, with a scale of 500 µm applied to all figures.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/19'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00019/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00019-g005-550.jpg?1727162959" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Contact angles of the different panels.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/19'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00019/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00019-g006-550.jpg?1727162960" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Water absorption capacity of the different panels (<b>a</b>) for 30 min; (<b>b</b>) for 6000 min; (<b>c</b>) thickness swelling of the different panels obtained by water immersion test.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/19'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00019/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00019-g007-550.jpg?1727162962" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>Bending properties of different panels: (<b>A</b>) modulus of elasticity (MPa); (<b>B</b>) bending strength (MPa).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/19'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00019/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00019-g008-550.jpg?1727162964" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>IB strength values of different panels.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/19'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00019/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00019-g009-550.jpg?1727162965" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>Compressive strength values (MPa) of the prepared WCP before and after the immersion test.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/19'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00019/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00019-g010-550.jpg?1727162968" title=" <strong>Figure 10</strong><br/> <p>Microscopic observations of the surfaces of the different panels after immersion and drying, with a scale of 500 µm applied to all figures.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/19'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00019/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00019-g011-550.jpg?1727162969" title=" <strong>Figure 11</strong><br/> <p>Global radar chart of normalized characterization values for various formulations.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/19'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1452457" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 20 pages, 5565 KiB   </span> <a href="/2673-9623/4/3/18/pdf?version=1723112735" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Biocatalytic Screening of the Oxidative Potential of Fungi Cultivated on Plant-Based Resources" data-journal="appliedchem"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2673-9623/4/3/18">Biocatalytic Screening of the Oxidative Potential of Fungi Cultivated on Plant-Based Resources</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Alina Kinner</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Stephan Lütz</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Katrin Rosenthal</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>AppliedChem</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>4</em>(3), 282-301; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4030018">https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4030018</a> - 8 Aug 2024 </div> Viewed by 1005 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> The environmental impacts of the postindustrial era, which rely on fossil fuels, have compelled a reconsideration of the future of energy and chemical industries. Fungi are a valuable resource for improving a circular economy through the enhanced valorization of biomass and plant waste. <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9623/4/3/18/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> The environmental impacts of the postindustrial era, which rely on fossil fuels, have compelled a reconsideration of the future of energy and chemical industries. Fungi are a valuable resource for improving a circular economy through the enhanced valorization of biomass and plant waste. They harbor a great diversity of oxidative enzymes, especially in their secretome. Enzymatic breakdown of the plant cell wall complex and lignocellulosic biomass yields sugars for fermentation and biofuel production, as well as aromatic compounds from lignin that can serve as raw materials for the chemical industry. To harness the biocatalytic potential, it is essential to identify and explore wild-type fungi and their secretomes. This study successfully combined genome mining and activity screening to uncover the oxidative potential of a collection of underexploited ascomycetes and basidiomycetes. The heme peroxidase and laccase activities of four promising candidates, <i>Bipolaris victoriae</i>, <i>Colletotrichum sublineola</i>, <i>Neofusicoccum parvum</i> and <i>Moesziomyces antarcticus</i>, were investigated to gain a deeper insight into their enzyme secretion. Furthermore, a plant-based medium screening with the phytopathogen <i>C. sublineola</i> revealed that soybean meal is a beneficial component to trigger the production and secretion of enzymes that catalyze H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-dependent oxidations. These results demonstrate that understanding fungal secretomes and their enzymatic potential opens exciting avenues for sustainable biotechnological applications across various industries. <a href="/2673-9623/4/3/18">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9623/4/3/18/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1452457"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1452457"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1452457" data-cycle-prev="#prev1452457" data-cycle-progressive="#images1452457" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1452457-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00018/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00018-g001-550.jpg?1723112838" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1452457" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1452457-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00018/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00018-g002-550.jpg?1723112840'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1452457-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00018/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00018-g003-550.jpg?1723112842'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1452457-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00018/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00018-g004-550.jpg?1723112846'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1452457-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00018/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00018-g005-550.jpg?1723112850'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1452457-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00018/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00018-g0A1-550.jpg?1723112852'><p>Figure A1</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1452457-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00018/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00018-g001-550.jpg?1723112838" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Taxonomic classification of the mined fungi, belonging to the phyla <span class="html-italic">Ascomycota</span> and <span class="html-italic">Basidiomycota</span>, based on NCBI Common Tree and visualized using the online tool ‘iTOL: Interactive Tree Of Life’. PROSITE entries (DyP: PS51404, heme peroxidase: PS00435 + PS00436, Laccase: PS00079 + PS00080, UPO: PS51405) were matched with protein sequences stored on UniProtKB and only sequences containing a signal peptide were considered. Strains highlighted in gray were selected for activity screening during shake flask cultivation. DyP, dye de-colorizing peroxidase; UPO, unspecific peroxygenase.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/18'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00018/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00018-g002-550.jpg?1723112840" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Enzyme assays for the detection and quantification of different oxidoreductase activities by oxidation of ABTS (<b>A</b>), NBD (<b>B</b>), and veratryl alcohol (<b>C</b>). ABTS, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid); NBD, 5-nitro-1,3-benzodioxole; and UPO, unspecific peroxygenase.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/18'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00018/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00018-g003-550.jpg?1723112842" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Product concentration of veratraldehyde and 4-nitrocatechol. Values given are means and average deviations for duplicates. Peroxidase and peroxygenase activity were determined by the oxidation of 1 mM veratryl alcohol to veratraldehyde (black gradation) for 30 min and 1 mM NBD to 4-nitrocatechol (red gradation) for 20 min with 1 mM H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> using culture supernatant during 250 mL shake flask cultivation of the fungi in SG medium at 24 °C for four weeks. The assays were each performed during two different cultivations, in which the fungi were cultivated in duplicates. Due to solid growth of the fungi, some samples could not be taken during the cultivation (marked with n.d.). Product concentration was quantified by LC-MS using an external standard (15–500 µM). All UniProtKB hits for the selected PROSITE entries of this genome mining are shown in brackets. n.d., not determined.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/18'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00018/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00018-g004-550.jpg?1723112846" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Shake flask cultivation of <span class="html-italic">B. victoriae</span>, <span class="html-italic">C. sublineola</span>, <span class="html-italic">M. antarcticus</span>, and <span class="html-italic">N. parvum</span> in SG medium. Values given are means and average deviations for duplicates. (<b>A</b>) pH of the culture supernatant (dashed line) and conversion of 0.5 mM veratryl alcohol to veratraldehyde (circles; with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in black, without H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in grey) for 30 min at 21 °C and oxidation of 0.3 mM ABTS (rectangles; with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in dark green, without H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in light green) for 15 min at 25 °C. (<b>B</b>) The volumetric activity of the culture supernatant was determined by oxidation of ABTS for 15 min at 25 °C. (<b>C</b>) SDS-PAGE analysis of the 20-fold concentrated fungal culture supernatants. (<b>D</b>) Fungal cultures in SG medium during 500 mL shake flask cultivation at 24 °C and 100 rpm on day 6, 9, 12, 15, 19, and 22.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/18'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00018/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00018-g005-550.jpg?1723112850" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Shake flask cultivation of <span class="html-italic">C. sublineola</span> in four complex plant-based media (SG, S, C, and BS medium). Values given are means and average deviations for duplicates. (<b>A</b>) pH of the culture supernatant (dashed line) and conversion of 0.5 mM veratryl alcohol to veratraldehyde (circles; with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in black, without H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in grey) for 30 min at 21 °C and oxidation of 0.3 mM ABTS (rectangles; with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in dark green, without H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in light green) for 15 min at 25 °C. Glucose levels were monitored using glucose test strips. The day of depletion in SG medium is indicated by a thin dashed line. (<b>B</b>) The volumetric activity of the culture supernatant was determined by oxidation of ABTS for 15 min at 25 °C. (<b>C</b>) SDS-PAGE analysis of the 20-fold concentrated fungal culture supernatants during the 26 days of cultivation. (<b>D</b>) Fungal cultures during 1000 mL (SG medium)- or 250 mL (S, C, and BS medium)-shake flask cultivation at 24 °C and 100 rpm after inoculation and on day 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 12, 13, 15, 18, 20, and 26.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/18'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00018/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00018-g0A1-550.jpg?1723112852" title=" <strong>Figure A1</strong><br/> <p>Cell wet weight of fungi cultivated in different plant-based media. (<b>A</b>) Cells were harvested after cultivation in SG medium at 24 °C and 100 rpm in 100 mL shake flasks for 28 days. (<b>B</b>) Four selected fungi were cultivated again in SG medium at 24 °C and 100 rpm in 500 mL shake flasks for 22 days. (<b>C</b>) Cultivation of <span class="html-italic">C. sublineola</span> in four complex plant-based media in 1000 mL (SG) or 250 mL shake flasks (S, BS, and C) at 24 °C and 100 rpm for 26 days. Values given are means and average deviations for two replicates.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/18'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1445615" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 12 pages, 3515 KiB   </span> <a href="/2673-9623/4/3/17/pdf?version=1722267785" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Effect of Crystallization on Electrochemical and Tribological Properties of High-Velocity Oxygen Fuel (HVOF)-Sprayed Fe-Based Amorphous Coatings" data-journal="appliedchem"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2673-9623/4/3/17">Effect of Crystallization on Electrochemical and Tribological Properties of High-Velocity Oxygen Fuel (HVOF)-Sprayed Fe-Based Amorphous Coatings</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Abdul Qadir Abbas</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Muhammad Arslan Hafeez</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Cheng Zhang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Muhammad Atiq-ur-Rehman</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Muhammad Yasir</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>AppliedChem</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>4</em>(3), 270-281; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4030017">https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4030017</a> - 29 Jul 2024 </div> Viewed by 889 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> An Fe-based amorphous coating, with the composition Fe<sub>48</sub>Cr<sub>15</sub>Mo<sub>14</sub>C<sub>15</sub>B<sub>6</sub>Y<sub>2</sub>, was synthesized by the high-velocity oxygen fuel spray (HVOF) process on a substrate of AISI 1035. The effect of crystallization on the electrochemical <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9623/4/3/17/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> An Fe-based amorphous coating, with the composition Fe<sub>48</sub>Cr<sub>15</sub>Mo<sub>14</sub>C<sub>15</sub>B<sub>6</sub>Y<sub>2</sub>, was synthesized by the high-velocity oxygen fuel spray (HVOF) process on a substrate of AISI 1035. The effect of crystallization on the electrochemical and tribological properties of the HVOF-sprayed Fe-based coating was systematically studied. The XRD results validated the fully amorphous nature of the as-sprayed coating by showing a broad peak at 43.44° and crystallization of this coating after heat-treatment at 700 °C by demonstrating sharp peaks of Fe-, Mo-, and Cr-based carbides. After crystallization, an increase in the corrosion current density from 4.95 μAcm<sup>−2</sup> to 11.57 μAcm<sup>−2</sup> and in the corrosion rate from 4.28 mpy to 9.99 mpy, as well as a decrease in the polarization resistance from 120 Ωcm<sup>2</sup> to 65.12 Ωcm<sup>2</sup>, were observed, indicating the deterioration of the corrosion resistance of the as-sprayed Fe-based coating. This can be attributed to the formation of porous ferrous oxide, providing an easy channel for charge transfer and promoting pit formation. However, a decrease in the coefficient of friction from 0.1 to 0.05 was observed, highlighting the significant improvement in the wear resistance of the Fe-based coating after crystallization. This can be associated with the precipitation of hard carbides (MxCy) at the boundaries of the crystallized regions. <a href="/2673-9623/4/3/17">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9623/4/3/17/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1445615"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1445615"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1445615" data-cycle-prev="#prev1445615" data-cycle-progressive="#images1445615" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1445615-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00017/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00017-g001-550.jpg?1722267858" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1445615" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1445615-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00017/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00017-g002-550.jpg?1722267862'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1445615-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00017/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00017-g003-550.jpg?1722267863'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1445615-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00017/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00017-g004-550.jpg?1722267870'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1445615-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00017/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00017-g005-550.jpg?1722267871'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1445615-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00017/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00017-g006-550.jpg?1722267874'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1445615-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00017/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00017-g007-550.jpg?1722267882'><p>Figure 7</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1445615-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00017/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00017-g001-550.jpg?1722267858" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) SEM micrograph of the as-sprayed amorphous coating, (<b>b</b>) XRD plot of the as-sprayed amorphous and crystallized coating, (<b>c</b>) SEM morphology of the as-sprayed amorphous coating showing pores and inter-splats, and (<b>d</b>) SEM morphology of the crystallized coating.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/17'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00017/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00017-g002-550.jpg?1722267862" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>EDS maps of the (<b>a</b>) as-sprayed amorphous coating and (<b>b</b>) crystallized coating.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/17'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00017/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00017-g003-550.jpg?1722267863" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Open-circuit potential and (<b>b</b>) PDP curves of amorphous and crystallized coatings.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/17'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00017/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00017-g004-550.jpg?1722267870" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Surface morphology of the (<b>a</b>,<b>b</b>) amorphous and (<b>c</b>,<b>d</b>) crystallized coatings after the corrosion test, showing pit formation and corrosion by products at the inter-splat regions.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/17'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00017/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00017-g005-550.jpg?1722267871" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>EIS curves of the amorphous and crystallized coatings: (<b>a</b>) Nyquist plot, (<b>b</b>) Bode plot of frequency vs. –phase, (<b>c</b>) Bode plot of frequency vs. |Z|, and (<b>d</b>) equivalent circuits used for data fitting of the EIS curves.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/17'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00017/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00017-g006-550.jpg?1722267874" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Coefficient of friction as a function of the sliding distance, (<b>b</b>) wear volume as a function of the distance covered, (<b>c</b>) comparison of % weight loss and wear rate, and (<b>d</b>) comparison of the hardness of the amorphous and crystalized coatings.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/17'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00017/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00017-g007-550.jpg?1722267882" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>SEM micrographs of the (<b>a</b>,<b>b</b>) amorphous coating after wear and its enlarged image, showing cracks generation and initiation under layer wear, and the (<b>c</b>,<b>d</b>) crystallized coating and its enlarged image, showing delamination.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/17'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1422798" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 34 pages, 21055 KiB   </span> <a href="/2673-9623/4/3/16/pdf?version=1719406059" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Polymeric and Crystalline Materials for Effective and Sustainable CO2 Capture" data-journal="appliedchem"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2673-9623/4/3/16">Polymeric and Crystalline Materials for Effective and Sustainable CO<sub>2</sub> Capture</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>David Gendron</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Maria Zakharova</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>AppliedChem</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>4</em>(3), 236-269; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4030016">https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4030016</a> - 26 Jun 2024 </div> Viewed by 1805 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) is recognized as the primary cause of global warming due to its greenhouse potential. It plays a significant role in contributing to the emissions arising from a variety of anthropogenic activities, such as energy production, transportation, the construction <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9623/4/3/16/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) is recognized as the primary cause of global warming due to its greenhouse potential. It plays a significant role in contributing to the emissions arising from a variety of anthropogenic activities, such as energy production, transportation, the construction industry, and other industrial processes. Capturing and utilizing CO<sub>2</sub> to mitigate its impact on the environment is, therefore, of significant importance. To do so, strategies such as net-zero strategies, deploying capture and storage technologies, and converting CO<sub>2</sub> into useful products have been proposed. In this review, we focused our attention on the preparation and performance of polymeric and crystalline materials for efficient CO<sub>2</sub> capture. More precisely, we examined MOFs, petroleum-based polymers (amine-based, polymeric ionic liquid, ionic polymer, conjugated macro/micro-cyclic polymer, and porous organic polymer) as well as bio-based polymers for CO<sub>2</sub> capture. In brief, the present work aims to guide the reader on the available crafted polymeric and crystalline materials offering a promising avenue towards innovative carbon dioxide capture strategy. <a href="/2673-9623/4/3/16">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9623/4/3/16/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1422798"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1422798"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1422798" data-cycle-prev="#prev1422798" data-cycle-progressive="#images1422798" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1422798-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00016/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00016-g001-550.jpg?1719407892" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1422798" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1422798-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00016/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00016-g002-550.jpg?1719407897'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1422798-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00016/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00016-g003-550.jpg?1719407898'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1422798-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00016/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00016-g004-550.jpg?1719407899'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1422798-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00016/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00016-g005-550.jpg?1719407902'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1422798-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00016/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00016-g006-550.jpg?1719407904'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1422798-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00016/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00016-g007-550.jpg?1719407907'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1422798-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00016/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00016-g008-550.jpg?1719407908'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1422798-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00016/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00016-g009-550.jpg?1719407911'><p>Figure 9</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-1422798-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00016/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00016-g010-550.jpg?1719407913'><p>Figure 10</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='10' data-target='article-1422798-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00016/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00016-g011-550.jpg?1719407916'><p>Figure 11</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='11' data-target='article-1422798-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00016/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00016-g012-550.jpg?1719407917'><p>Figure 12</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1422798-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00016/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00016-g001-550.jpg?1719407892" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Representation of different MOF structures. Reproduced with permission from the Royal Society of Chemistry from [<a href="#B92-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">92</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/16'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00016/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00016-g002-550.jpg?1719407897" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Most studied polymeric amines for CO<sub>2</sub> capture.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/16'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00016/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00016-g003-550.jpg?1719407898" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Recent examples of polymeric amines for CO<sub>2</sub> capture [<a href="#B122-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">122</a>,<a href="#B124-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">124</a>,<a href="#B125-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">125</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/16'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00016/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00016-g004-550.jpg?1719407899" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Typical structures of polymeric ionic liquids used for CO<sub>2</sub> sorption [<a href="#B129-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">129</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/16'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00016/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00016-g005-550.jpg?1719407902" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Structures of conjugated macrocyclic polymers for CO<sub>2</sub> capture [<a href="#B134-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">134</a>,<a href="#B135-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">135</a>,<a href="#B136-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">136</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/16'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00016/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00016-g006-550.jpg?1719407904" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Examples of triazine-based polymers [<a href="#B151-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">151</a>,<a href="#B152-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">152</a>,<a href="#B153-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">153</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/16'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00016/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00016-g007-550.jpg?1719407907" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>Examples of porous, nanoporous, and microporous organic polymers [<a href="#B154-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">154</a>,<a href="#B159-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">159</a>,<a href="#B160-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">160</a>,<a href="#B161-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">161</a>,<a href="#B162-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">162</a>,<a href="#B163-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">163</a>,<a href="#B164-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">164</a>,<a href="#B165-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">165</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/16'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00016/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00016-g008-550.jpg?1719407908" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>Benzoxazine-based polymers [<a href="#B166-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">166</a>,<a href="#B167-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">167</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/16'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00016/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00016-g009-550.jpg?1719407911" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>Examples of <span class="html-italic">N</span>-heterocyclic carbene and <span class="html-italic">N</span>-doped polymers [<a href="#B168-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">168</a>,<a href="#B169-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">169</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/16'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00016/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00016-g010-550.jpg?1719407913" title=" <strong>Figure 10</strong><br/> <p>Structures of several ionic polymers [<a href="#B170-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">170</a>,<a href="#B172-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">172</a>,<a href="#B173-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">173</a>,<a href="#B174-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">174</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/16'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00016/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00016-g011-550.jpg?1719407916" title=" <strong>Figure 11</strong><br/> <p>Bio-based polymers for CO<sub>2</sub> capture [<a href="#B183-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">183</a>,<a href="#B184-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">184</a>,<a href="#B185-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">185</a>,<a href="#B186-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">186</a>,<a href="#B187-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">187</a>,<a href="#B188-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">188</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/16'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00016/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00016-g012-550.jpg?1719407917" title=" <strong>Figure 12</strong><br/> <p>Carbon dioxide adsorption capacity measured at different CO<sub>2</sub> pressures and corresponding BET surface area of some promising candidates among metal–organic frameworks, covalent–organic frameworks, and zeolitic imidazolate frameworks [<a href="#B75-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">75</a>,<a href="#B77-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">77</a>,<a href="#B83-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">83</a>,<a href="#B89-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">89</a>,<a href="#B90-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">90</a>,<a href="#B104-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">104</a>,<a href="#B112-appliedchem-04-00016" class="html-bibr">112</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/16'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1422335" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 12 pages, 2661 KiB   </span> <a href="/2673-9623/4/3/15/pdf?version=1719391290" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Absolute Rate Constants for the Reaction of Benzil and 2,2′-Furil Triplet with Substituted Phenols in the Ionic Liquid 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Hexafluorophosphate: A Nanosecond Laser Flash Photolysis Study" data-journal="appliedchem"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2673-9623/4/3/15">Absolute Rate Constants for the Reaction of Benzil and 2,2′-Furil Triplet with Substituted Phenols in the Ionic Liquid 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Hexafluorophosphate: A Nanosecond Laser Flash Photolysis Study</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ada Ruth Bertoti</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>José Carlos Netto-Ferreira</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>AppliedChem</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>4</em>(3), 224-235; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4030015">https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4030015</a> - 26 Jun 2024 </div> Viewed by 1028 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> The triplet excited state reactivity towards phenolic hydrogen of the α-diketones benzil and 2,2′-furil in the ionic liquid 1-<i>n</i>-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium hexafluorophosphate [bmim.PF<sub>6</sub>] was investigated employing the nanosecond laser flash photolysis technique. Irradiation (λ<sub>max</sub> = 355 nm) of benzil <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9623/4/3/15/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> The triplet excited state reactivity towards phenolic hydrogen of the α-diketones benzil and 2,2′-furil in the ionic liquid 1-<i>n</i>-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium hexafluorophosphate [bmim.PF<sub>6</sub>] was investigated employing the nanosecond laser flash photolysis technique. Irradiation (λ<sub>max</sub> = 355 nm) of benzil yields its triplet excited state with λ<sub>max</sub> at 480 nm and τ<sub>T</sub> = 9.6 μs. Under the same conditions, 2,2′-furil shows a triplet-triplet absorption spectrum with bands at 380, 410, 450, and 650 nm and τ<sub>T</sub> = 1.4 μs. Quenching rate constants (<i>k<sub>q</sub></i>) of the reaction between benzil triplet and substituted phenols ranged from 1.4 × 10<sup>7</sup> L mol<sup>−1</sup> s<sup>−1</sup> (<i>para</i>-chlorophenol) to 1.8 × 10<sup>8</sup> L mol<sup>−1</sup> s<sup>−1</sup> (<i>para</i>-methoxyphenol). A new transient was formed in all cases, assigned to the benzil ketyl. Similar results were obtained for the quenching of 2,2′-furil triplet by phenols, for which <i>k<sub>q</sub></i> ranged from 1.9 × 10<sup>8</sup> L mol<sup>−1</sup> s<sup>−1</sup> (<i>para</i>-chlorophenol) to 2.2 × 10<sup>8</sup> L mol<sup>−1</sup> s<sup>−1</sup> (<i>para</i>-methoxyphenol). The 2,2′-furil ketyl radical was also observed in all cases (λ<sub>max</sub> = 380 nm). The quenching rate constants are almost independent of the substituent and diffusion-controlled (<i>k<sub>q</sub></i> ~ 10<sup>8</sup> L mol<sup>−1</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>). The proposed mechanism for the phenolic hydrogen abstraction by benzil and 2,2′-furil triplet may involve a proton-coupled electron transfer reaction, ultimately leading to the radical pair ketyl/aryloxyl. <a href="/2673-9623/4/3/15">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9623/4/3/15/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1422335"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1422335"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1422335" data-cycle-prev="#prev1422335" data-cycle-progressive="#images1422335" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1422335-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00015/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00015-g001-550.jpg?1719391461" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1422335" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1422335-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00015/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00015-g002-550.jpg?1719391462'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1422335-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00015/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00015-g003-550.jpg?1719391463'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1422335-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00015/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00015-g004-550.jpg?1719391464'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1422335-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00015/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00015-g005-550.jpg?1719391465'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1422335-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00015/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00015-g006-550.jpg?1719391466'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1422335-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00015/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00015-g007-550.jpg?1719391467'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1422335-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00015/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00015-g008-550.jpg?1719391468'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1422335-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00015/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00015-g009-550.jpg?1719391469'><p>Figure 9</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-1422335-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00015/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00015-g010-550.jpg?1719391470'><p>Figure 10</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='10' data-target='article-1422335-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00015/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00015-g011-550.jpg?1719391472'><p>Figure 11</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='11' data-target='article-1422335-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00015/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00015-sch001-550.jpg?1719391475'><p>Scheme 1</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1422335-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00015/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00015-g001-550.jpg?1719391461" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Structures for benzil and 2,2′-furil.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/15'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00015/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00015-g002-550.jpg?1719391462" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Absorption spectra for the transient generated in the photolysis (λ = 355 nm) of benzil in [bmim.PF<sub>6</sub>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/15'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00015/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00015-g003-550.jpg?1719391463" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Kinetic decay trace for benzil in [bmim.PF<sub>6</sub>], monitored at 480 nm.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/15'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00015/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00015-g004-550.jpg?1719391464" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Stern–Volmer plots for the quenching of benzil triplet by several phenols in [bmim.PF<sub>6</sub>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/15'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00015/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00015-g005-550.jpg?1719391465" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Transient absorption spectra for the photolysis (l = 355 nm) of benzil in the presence of excess <span class="html-italic">para</span>-fluorophenol in [bmim.PF<sub>6</sub>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/15'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00015/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00015-g006-550.jpg?1719391466" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Absorption spectra for the transient generated in the photolysis (λ = 355 nm) of 2,2′-furil in [bmim.PF<sub>6</sub>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/15'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00015/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00015-g007-550.jpg?1719391467" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>Decay for the transient generated in the photolysis (λ = 355 nm) of 2,2′-furil in [bmim.PF<sub>6</sub>], monitored at 650 nm.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/15'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00015/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00015-g008-550.jpg?1719391468" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>Stern–Volmer plot for the quenching of 2,2′-furil triplet by <span class="html-italic">trans</span>-stilbene in [bmim.PF<sub>6</sub>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/15'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00015/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00015-g009-550.jpg?1719391469" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>Representative Stern–Volmer plots for the quenching of 2,2′-furil triplet by several phenols (4-fluor-; 4-methoxy-; 4-chloro-) in [bmim.PF<sub>6</sub>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/15'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00015/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00015-g010-550.jpg?1719391470" title=" <strong>Figure 10</strong><br/> <p>Transient absorption spectra for the photolysis (l = 355 nm) of 2,2′-furil in the presence of excess <span class="html-italic">para</span>-chlorophenol in [bmim.PF<sub>6</sub>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/15'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00015/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00015-g011-550.jpg?1719391472" title=" <strong>Figure 11</strong><br/> <p>(<b>A</b>): decay trace due to the 2,2′-furil triplet state monitored at 650 nm and generated upon excitation (l = 355 nm) of 2,2′-furil in the presence of <span class="html-italic">para</span>-chlorophenol (1.0 × 10<sup>−4</sup> mol L<sup>−1</sup>) in [bmim.PF<sub>6</sub>]. (<b>B</b>): growth and decay of the absorption at 380 nm due to formation of the 2,2′-furil ketyl radical generated as above.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/15'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00015/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00015-sch001-550.jpg?1719391475" title=" <strong>Scheme 1</strong><br/> <p>Mechanistic proposal for the phenolic hydrogen abstraction by the triplet excited state of benzil or 2,2′-furil in [bmim.PF<sub>6</sub>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/3/15'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1402913" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 12 pages, 997 KiB   </span> <a href="/2673-9623/4/2/14/pdf?version=1716807884" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Australian Native Lemongrass (Cymbopogon ambiguus A. Camus): An Underestimated Herbal Plant" data-journal="appliedchem"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2673-9623/4/2/14">Australian Native Lemongrass (<i>Cymbopogon ambiguus</i> A. Camus): An Underestimated Herbal Plant</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yuntao Zhou</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Saleha Akter</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Anh Dao Thi Phan</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Eshetu Mulisa Bobasa</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Maral Seididamyeh</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Dharini Sivakumar</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yasmina Sultanbawa</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>AppliedChem</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>4</em>(2), 212-223; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4020014">https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4020014</a> - 27 May 2024 </div> Viewed by 1178 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Lemongrass (genus <i>Cymbopogon</i>) is commonly used in foods, beverages, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and material science. <i>Cymbopogon ambiguus</i> A. Camus, the Australian Native Lemongrass, is a lesser-known member of the genus <i>Cymbopogon,</i> and research on this plant is scarce. Australian Indigenous people use the <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9623/4/2/14/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Lemongrass (genus <i>Cymbopogon</i>) is commonly used in foods, beverages, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and material science. <i>Cymbopogon ambiguus</i> A. Camus, the Australian Native Lemongrass, is a lesser-known member of the genus <i>Cymbopogon,</i> and research on this plant is scarce. Australian Indigenous people use the stalks and leaves of <i>C. ambiguus</i> as teas. Dried chopped leaves are also used as herbs in cooking. The aim of this study was to determine the proximate composition and bioactive properties of Australian native lemongrass (<i>C. ambiguus</i>). Antimicrobial capacity was carried out using the well diffusion method, antioxidant capacity by the FRAP method, and antidiabetic capacity by using the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity assay. The results obtained in the current study were compared with previously published literature on lemongrass (<i>C. citratus</i>). The results showed that <i>C. ambiguus</i> has lower fat and protein content and lower antioxidant and antimicrobial capacities than <i>C. citratus</i>, but it is very rich in fibre (67.55%) and has strong α-glucosidase inhibitory capacity. The total phenolic and total flavonoid content determined in the aqueous extract of <i>C. ambiguus</i> are also notable. The results of the present study showed that Australian native lemongrass has promising bioactive potential to be used as an alternative native herbal tea. <a href="/2673-9623/4/2/14">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9623/4/2/14/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1402913"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1402913"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1402913" data-cycle-prev="#prev1402913" data-cycle-progressive="#images1402913" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1402913-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00014/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00014-ag-550.jpg?1716807976" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Graphical abstract</p></div><script id="images1402913" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1402913-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00014/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00014-g001-550.jpg?1716807972'><p>Figure 1</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1402913-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00014/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00014-g002-550.jpg?1716807974'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1402913-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00014/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00014-g003-550.jpg?1716807976'><p>Figure 3</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1402913-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00014/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00014-ag-550.jpg?1716807976" title=" <strong>Graphical abstract</strong><br/><strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/14'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00014/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00014-g001-550.jpg?1716807972" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>(<b>A</b>) The dried Australian native lemongrass (<span class="html-italic">Cymbopogon ambiguus</span> A. Camus) and (<b>B</b>) distribution of <span class="html-italic">Cymbopogon ambiguus A. Camus</span> in Australia. The red dots indicate the distribution of <span class="html-italic">C. ambiguus</span> in Australia. (Image collected from Atlas of Living Australia website. <a href="https://bie.ala.org.au/species/https://id.biodiversity.org.au/node/apni/2901878" target="_blank">https://bie.ala.org.au/species/https://id.biodiversity.org.au/node/apni/2901878</a> (accessed on 12 May 2023).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/14'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00014/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00014-g002-550.jpg?1716807974" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and ferric-reducing antioxidant power of plasma (FRAP) of the aqueous and 80% aqueous acidified methanolic extracts of <span class="html-italic">C. ambiguus</span> short fragments and powder. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3); different letters are significantly different (<span class="html-italic">p</span> ≤ 0.05). LGW—Australian native lemongrass short fragments aqueous extracts, LGM—Australian native lemongrass short fragments 80% aqueous acidified methanolic extracts, LGPW—Australian native lemongrass powder aqueous extracts, and LGPM—Australian native lemongrass powder 80% aqueous acidified methanolic extracts.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/14'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00014/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00014-g003-550.jpg?1716807976" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Citral content of the aqueous and methanolic extracts of <span class="html-italic">C. ambiguus</span> coarsely grounded fragments, compared with methanolic extract of Australian native lemongrass powder; data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3); data with different letters are significantly different (<span class="html-italic">p</span> ≤ 0.05). LMGW—Australian native lemongrass coarsely ground particles aqueous extracts, LGPM—Australian native lemongrass powder 80% aqueous acidified methanolic extracts, and LMGM—Australian native lemongrass coarsely ground particles methanolic extracts.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/14'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1389332" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 20 pages, 8014 KiB   </span> <a href="/2673-9623/4/2/13/pdf?version=1715069439" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Exploring Olive Pit Powder as a Filler for Enhanced Thermal Insulation in Epoxy Mortars to Increase Sustainability in Building Construction" data-journal="appliedchem"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2673-9623/4/2/13">Exploring Olive Pit Powder as a Filler for Enhanced Thermal Insulation in Epoxy Mortars to Increase Sustainability in Building Construction</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Veronica D’Eusanio</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Andrea Marchetti</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Stefano Pastorelli</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Michele Silvestri</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Lucia Bertacchini</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Lorenzo Tassi</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>AppliedChem</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>4</em>(2), 192-211; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4020013">https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4020013</a> - 7 May 2024 </div> Viewed by 1507 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> This article explores the use of olive pit powder (OPP) as a promising resource for enhancing the thermal insulation properties of epoxy mortars. A comprehensive analysis of the chemical and physical characteristics of OPP was conducted, employing analytical techniques including scanning electron microscopy <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9623/4/2/13/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> This article explores the use of olive pit powder (OPP) as a promising resource for enhancing the thermal insulation properties of epoxy mortars. A comprehensive analysis of the chemical and physical characteristics of OPP was conducted, employing analytical techniques including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis and emitted gas analysis (TG-MS-EGA), and proximal analysis. Experimental samples of epoxy grout were prepared by using different proportions of a conventional inorganic filler, quartz powder, and OPP within an epoxy mortar matrix. As the percentage of OPP in the formulation increased, the microstructure of the samples gradually became more porous and less compact. Consequently, there was a decrease in density with the increase in OPP content. The 28-day compressive strength decreased from 46 MPa to 12.8 MPa, respectively, in the samples containing only quartz (Sample E) and only OPP (Sample A) as a filler. Similarly, flexural strength decreased from 35.2 to 5.3 MPa. The thermal conductivity decreased from 0.3 W/mK in Sample E to 0.11 in Sample A. Therefore, increasing the %wt of OPP improved insulating properties while reducing the mechanical resistance values. This study highlights the potential of OPP as an environmentally friendly and thermally efficient filler for epoxy mortars, thereby promoting sustainable construction practices. <a href="/2673-9623/4/2/13">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9623/4/2/13/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1389332"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1389332"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1389332" data-cycle-prev="#prev1389332" data-cycle-progressive="#images1389332" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1389332-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00013/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00013-g001-550.jpg?1715069558" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1389332" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1389332-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00013/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00013-g002-550.jpg?1715069559'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1389332-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00013/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00013-g003-550.jpg?1715069566'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1389332-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00013/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00013-g004-550.jpg?1715069568'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1389332-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00013/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00013-g005-550.jpg?1715069571'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1389332-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00013/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00013-g006-550.jpg?1715069572'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1389332-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00013/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00013-g007-550.jpg?1715069580'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1389332-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00013/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00013-g008-550.jpg?1715069587'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1389332-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00013/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00013-g009-550.jpg?1715069590'><p>Figure 9</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-1389332-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00013/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00013-g010-550.jpg?1715069592'><p>Figure 10</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='10' data-target='article-1389332-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00013/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00013-g011-550.jpg?1715069594'><p>Figure 11</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1389332-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00013/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00013-g001-550.jpg?1715069558" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>The vegetable filler used in this study: olive pit powder.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/13'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00013/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00013-g002-550.jpg?1715069559" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Particle size distribution of olive pit powder.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/13'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00013/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00013-g003-550.jpg?1715069566" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>(<b>A</b>) Olive pit powder granule at 600× magnification. (<b>B</b>) Olive pit powder granule at 300× magnification.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/13'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00013/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00013-g004-550.jpg?1715069568" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>TG (gray line) and DTG (black line) curves of OPP sample at heating rate of 20 °C/min in He atmosphere. Vertical dashed lines delimit the five thermal regions (I–V) described in the text. For the meaning of the number in parentheses, see <a href="#appliedchem-04-00013-t003" class="html-table">Table 3</a>.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/13'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00013/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00013-g005-550.jpg?1715069571" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Evolutionary trends of H<sub>2</sub>O, CO<sub>2</sub>, furfural fragment (C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>3</sub><sup>+</sup>, <span class="html-italic">m</span>/<span class="html-italic">z</span> = 39), and acetic acid fragments (CH<sub>3</sub>CO<sup>+</sup>, <span class="html-italic">m</span>/<span class="html-italic">z</span> = 43; COOH<sup>+</sup>, <span class="html-italic">m</span>/<span class="html-italic">z</span> = 45) during the heating of the OPP sample. The derivative thermogravimetric (DTG) curve is also displayed for ease of comparison. Intensity of <span class="html-italic">m/z</span> is in arbitrary units.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/13'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00013/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00013-g006-550.jpg?1715069572" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Cross-section of five representative samples of epoxy grout, A–E.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/13'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00013/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00013-g007-550.jpg?1715069580" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>(<b>A</b>) Sample A at 100× magnification. (<b>B</b>) Sample A at 200× magnification.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/13'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00013/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00013-g008-550.jpg?1715069587" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>(<b>A</b>) Sample E at 100× magnification. (<b>B</b>) Sample E at 200× magnification.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/13'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00013/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00013-g009-550.jpg?1715069590" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>Density of epoxy mortars (A–E) tested after 28 days.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/13'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00013/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00013-g010-550.jpg?1715069592" title=" <strong>Figure 10</strong><br/> <p>Flexural and compressive strengths of epoxy mortars (A–E) tested after 28 days.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/13'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00013/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00013-g011-550.jpg?1715069594" title=" <strong>Figure 11</strong><br/> <p>Thermal conductivity (W/mK) of epoxy mortars (A–E) tested after 28 days.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/13'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1388786" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 18 pages, 4838 KiB   </span> <a href="/2673-9623/4/2/12/pdf?version=1714902022" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Quantitative Analysis of Formate Production from Plasma-Assisted Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 on Pd-Based Catalysts" data-journal="appliedchem"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2673-9623/4/2/12">Quantitative Analysis of Formate Production from Plasma-Assisted Electrochemical Reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> on Pd-Based Catalysts</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jie Hu</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Fuqiang Liu</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>AppliedChem</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>4</em>(2), 174-191; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4020012">https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4020012</a> - 5 May 2024 </div> Viewed by 1148 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> The escalating levels of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub>, primarily attributed to human activities, underscore the urgent need for innovative solutions to mitigate environmental challenges. This study delves into the electrochemical reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> as a promising avenue for sustainable carbon capture and <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9623/4/2/12/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> The escalating levels of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub>, primarily attributed to human activities, underscore the urgent need for innovative solutions to mitigate environmental challenges. This study delves into the electrochemical reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> as a promising avenue for sustainable carbon capture and utilization. Focused on the formation of formate (HCOO<sup>−</sup>/HCOOH), a high-value product, the research explores the integration of nonthermal plasma (NTP) with electrochemical processes—an approach rarely studied in existing literature. A comprehensive investigation involves varying parameters such as plasma discharging voltage, carrier gas, discharging mode, electrolysis voltage, polarity, and plasma type. The electrochemical tests employ a 10 wt.% Pd/C catalyst, and formate production is quantitatively analyzed using NMR. Results reveal that NTP significantly enhances CO<sub>2</sub> reduction, with key factors influencing formate yield elucidated. The study reveals the complexity of CO<sub>2</sub> electrochemical reduction, providing novel insights into the synergistic effects of NTP. These findings contribute to advancing sustainable technologies for CO<sub>2</sub> utilization, paving the way for more efficient and environmentally friendly processes in the pursuit of a carbon-neutral future. <a href="/2673-9623/4/2/12">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9623/4/2/12/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1388786"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1388786"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1388786" data-cycle-prev="#prev1388786" data-cycle-progressive="#images1388786" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1388786-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00012/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00012-g001-550.jpg?1714902100" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1388786" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1388786-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00012/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00012-g002-550.jpg?1714902103'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1388786-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00012/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00012-g003-550.jpg?1714902104'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1388786-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00012/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00012-g004-550.jpg?1714902107'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1388786-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00012/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00012-g005a-550.jpg?1714902108'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1388786-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00012/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00012-g005b-550.jpg?1714902110'><p>Figure 5 Cont.</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1388786-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00012/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00012-g006-550.jpg?1714902112'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1388786-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00012/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00012-g007-550.jpg?1714902115'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1388786-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00012/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00012-g008-550.jpg?1714902117'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-1388786-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00012/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00012-g009-550.jpg?1714902118'><p>Figure 9</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='10' data-target='article-1388786-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00012/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00012-g010-550.jpg?1714902120'><p>Figure 10</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='11' data-target='article-1388786-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00012/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00012-g011-550.jpg?1714902121'><p>Figure 11</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='12' data-target='article-1388786-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00012/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00012-g012-550.jpg?1714902123'><p>Figure 12</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='13' data-target='article-1388786-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00012/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00012-g013-550.jpg?1714902125'><p>Figure 13</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1388786-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00012/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00012-g001-550.jpg?1714902100" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Schematic illustration of the experimental setup. Plasma is formed by a stainless-steel capillary suspended ~2 mm above the surface of an aqueous electrolyte under a negative bias between 1250 and 2500 V relative to a submerged Pt electrode.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/12'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00012/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00012-g002-550.jpg?1714902103" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>The experimental setup of the plasma-assisted electrochemical system. The reactor is an H-cell with two compartments separated by a Nafion membrane. The working electrode, i.e., a glassy carbon electrode coated with Pd catalysts, is submerged in an aqueous electrolyte, above which a micro plasma jet is ignited. The ignited plasma jet is shown in the inset.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/12'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00012/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00012-g003-550.jpg?1714902104" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Cyclic voltammetry test results using Pd, 10 wt% on carbon catalyst. The experiments were conducted in a 0.5 M KHCO<sub>3</sub> solution with and without the presence of saturated CO<sub>2</sub> and DC plasma discharge.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/12'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00012/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00012-g004-550.jpg?1714902107" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Comparison of the produced formate concentrations from a series of experiments listed in <a href="#appliedchem-04-00012-t001" class="html-table">Table 1</a>, <a href="#appliedchem-04-00012-t002" class="html-table">Table 2</a> and <a href="#appliedchem-04-00012-t003" class="html-table">Table 3</a>. The concentration was determined using the characteristic peak of formate located at the chemical shift of 8.2 ppm in NMR spectra and the calibration curve.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/12'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00012/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00012-g005a-550.jpg?1714902108" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>The effect of plasma discharging voltage on the produced formate concentrations from a series of experiments listed in <a href="#appliedchem-04-00012-t001" class="html-table">Table 1</a> under different plasma discharging mode: (<b>a</b>) SIM and (<b>b</b>) SEP.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/12'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00012/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00012-g005b-550.jpg?1714902110" title=" <strong>Figure 5 Cont.</strong><br/> <p>The effect of plasma discharging voltage on the produced formate concentrations from a series of experiments listed in <a href="#appliedchem-04-00012-t001" class="html-table">Table 1</a> under different plasma discharging mode: (<b>a</b>) SIM and (<b>b</b>) SEP.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/12'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00012/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00012-g006-550.jpg?1714902112" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>The effect of plasma carrier gas on the produced formate concentrations from a series of experiments listed in <a href="#appliedchem-04-00012-t001" class="html-table">Table 1</a> under different plasma discharging mode: (<b>a</b>) SIM and (<b>b</b>) SEP.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/12'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00012/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00012-g007-550.jpg?1714902115" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>The effect of plasma discharging mode (2.5 kV) on the produced formate concentrations from a series of experiments listed in <a href="#appliedchem-04-00012-t001" class="html-table">Table 1</a> using different plasma carrier gas: (<b>a</b>) CO<sub>2</sub> and (<b>b</b>) Ar. Three different plasma discharge modes are studied: SEP, SIM, and without plasma, i.e., with the absence of plasma discharge.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/12'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00012/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00012-g008-550.jpg?1714902117" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>The comparison of CV curves for plasma electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub>RR at three different conditions (PdC1, PdC3, and PdC8): AC plasma, DC plasma, and in the absence of plasma. A 2.5 kV discharging voltage, simultaneously discharging mode, Ar gas, and Pd/C, were used in the experiments.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/12'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00012/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00012-g009-550.jpg?1714902118" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>The chronoamperometry test results for plasma electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub>RR at three different plasma conditions (PdC1, PdC3, and PdC8): AC plasma, DC plasma, and in the absence of plasma. A 2.5 kV discharging voltage, simultaneously discharging mode, Ar gas, Pd/C, and −0.92 V vs. Ag/AgCl electrolysis voltage, were used in the experiments.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/12'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00012/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00012-g010-550.jpg?1714902120" title=" <strong>Figure 10</strong><br/> <p>The effect of plasma discharging type on the produced formate concentrations from a series of experiments listed in <a href="#appliedchem-04-00012-t002" class="html-table">Table 2</a>. The concentration was determined using the characteristic peak of formate located at the chemical shift of 8.2 ppm in NMR spectra and the calibration curve.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/12'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00012/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00012-g011-550.jpg?1714902121" title=" <strong>Figure 11</strong><br/> <p>The comparison of CV curves for plasma electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub>RR at three different conditions (PdC1, PdC3, and PdC9). A 2.5 kV discharging voltage, simultaneously discharging mode, Ar gas, and Pd/C, were used in the experiments.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/12'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00012/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00012-g012-550.jpg?1714902123" title=" <strong>Figure 12</strong><br/> <p>Chronoamperometry test results for plasma electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub>RR at three different conditions (PdC1, PdC3, and PdC9). A 2.5 kV discharging voltage, Ar gas as the plasma supply gas, Pd/C, and −0.92V vs. Ag/AgCl electrolysis voltage were used in the experiments.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/12'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00012/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00012-g013-550.jpg?1714902125" title=" <strong>Figure 13</strong><br/> <p>The effect of switching plasma polarity on the produced formate concentrations from a series of experiments listed in <a href="#appliedchem-04-00012-t003" class="html-table">Table 3</a>.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/12'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1377305" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 17 pages, 1348 KiB   </span> <a href="/2673-9623/4/2/11/pdf?version=1713348577" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Biochar–Nitrogen Composites: Synthesis, Properties, and Use as Fertilizer for Maize" data-journal="appliedchem"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2673-9623/4/2/11">Biochar–Nitrogen Composites: Synthesis, Properties, and Use as Fertilizer for Maize</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Caio Pereira Mota</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Carlos Alberto Silva</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>AppliedChem</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>4</em>(2), 157-173; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4020011">https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4020011</a> - 17 Apr 2024 </div> Viewed by 1195 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Nitrogen (N) is highly reactive and prone to being easily lost into the air and soil water. Biochar–N composites have proven effective in nourishing and improving maize growth. The aim of this study was to synthesize and assess the properties of composites made <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9623/4/2/11/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Nitrogen (N) is highly reactive and prone to being easily lost into the air and soil water. Biochar–N composites have proven effective in nourishing and improving maize growth. The aim of this study was to synthesize and assess the properties of composites made from biochars (pyrolyzed at 300 °C) derived from chicken manure (N = 3.5%) and leguminous cake (N = 9%) and enriched with ammonium sulfate (AS), urea, and diammonium phosphate (DAP). The biochar pH was adjusted to approximately 6 using sulfuric and phosphoric acids prior to formulating the six tested composites. Maize was cultivated for 50 days under greenhouse conditions, with evaluations of the maize dry matter (DM) and N in the plant shoot. The biochar and composite properties underwent scrutiny for chemical and physicochemical attributes, as well as for soluble N in water and in an HCl solution. Throughout maize cultivation, the release of N as ammonium and nitrate from the composites and pure biochars in the Oxisol solution was successively assessed. Composites formulated with DAP and supplied at a dose of 270 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> N yielded the same maize dry matter as composites in which 400 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> N was supplied to plants. Regardless of the N source, at the end of maize cultivation, the residual N in the Oxisol was reduced and inadequate for a new cultivation, even in soils treated with urea. Notably, the biochar–N composites, particularly those formulated with DAP, were as effective as urea in nourishing and promoting robust maize growth. In contrast, the maize biomass was lower for plants fertilized with pure biochars, indicating that the N from the carbonized matrices was insufficient for optimal biomass production. <a href="/2673-9623/4/2/11">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9623/4/2/11/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1377305"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1377305"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1377305" data-cycle-prev="#prev1377305" data-cycle-progressive="#images1377305" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1377305-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00011/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00011-g001-550.jpg?1713348756" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1377305" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1377305-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00011/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00011-g002-550.jpg?1713348758'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1377305-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00011/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00011-g003-550.jpg?1713348760'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1377305-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00011/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00011-g004-550.jpg?1713348761'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1377305-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00011/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00011-g005-550.jpg?1713348764'><p>Figure 5</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1377305-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00011/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00011-g001-550.jpg?1713348756" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Spectral signature of composite and biochars by the FTIR-ATR spectroscopy technique of (<b>a</b>) chicken manure biochar, chicken manure biochar with acidification and leguminous cake biochar; (<b>b</b>) composite FTIR spectra in the region between 600 cm<sup>−1</sup> and 4000 cm<sup>−1</sup>. The composites refer to the following: BLCAS = biochar from leguminous cake + ammonium sulfate; BCMAS = chicken manure biochar + ammonium sulfate; BLCDAP = leguminous cake biochar + DAP; BCMDAP = chicken manure biochar + DAP; BLCUR = leguminous cake biochar + urea; BCMUR = chicken manure biochar + urea.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/11'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00011/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00011-g002-550.jpg?1713348758" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Mineral N as ammonium and nitrate in the Oxisol solution as affected by solution sampling time and N sources (composites and biochars) used to fertilize maize plants. DAP: days after maize planting; BLCAS = biochar from leguminous cake + ammonium sulfate; BCMAS = chicken manure biochar + ammonium sulfate; BLCDAP = leguminous cake biochar + DAP; BCMDAP = chicken manure biochar + DAP; BLCUR = leguminous cake biochar + urea; BCMUR = chicken manure biochar + urea; BLC = pure leguminous cake biochar; BCM = pure chicken manure biochar; No N = no N fertilization.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/11'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00011/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00011-g003-550.jpg?1713348760" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Availability of mineral N in the whole Oxisol in the form of N ammonium and N nitrate. Initial N refers to N available in soil after maize planting, and residual N means the available N in soil after maize cultivation.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/11'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00011/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00011-g004-550.jpg?1713348761" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Maize dry matter (DM) production (shoot and root) as affected by pure biochar, urea, and composites as N sources to plants. Treatment means followed by the same letter did not differ statistically regarding the dry matter (shoot or root) production based on Tukey’s test (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05). BLCAS = biochar from leguminous cake + ammonium sulfate; BCMAS = chicken manure biochar + ammonium sulfate; BLCDAP = leguminous cake biochar + DAP; BCMDAP = chicken manure biochar + DAP; BLCUR = leguminous cake biochar + urea; BCMUR = chicken manure biochar + urea; BLC = pure leguminous cake biochar; BCM = pure chicken manure biochar; No N = no N fertilization.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/11'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00011/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00011-g005-550.jpg?1713348764" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Root/shoot dry matter ratio as a function of the use of urea, pure biochar, and composite as N sources for maize plants. BLCAS = leguminous cake biochar + ammonium sulfate; BCMAS = chicken manure biochar + ammonium sulfate; BLCDAP = leguminous cake biochar + DAP; BCMDAP = chicken manure biochar + DAP; BLCUR = leguminous cake biochar + urea; BCMUR = chicken manure biochar + urea; UREA = positive control with N; BLC = leguminous cake biochar; BCM = chicken manure biochar; No N = negative control, maize cultivated without N.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/11'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1373199" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 17 pages, 3930 KiB   </span> <a href="/2673-9623/4/2/10/pdf?version=1717587954" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Antidiabetic Activities and GC-MS Analysis of 4-Methoxychalcone" data-journal="appliedchem"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2673-9623/4/2/10">Antidiabetic Activities and GC-MS Analysis of 4-Methoxychalcone</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Leonard D. R. Acho</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Edinilze S. C. Oliveira</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Simone B. Carneiro</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Fernanda Paula A. Melo</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Leilane de S. Mendonça</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Renyer A. Costa</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Rosivaldo S. Borges</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Marcos B. Machado</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Hector H. F. Koolen</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Igor Rafael dos S. Magalhães</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Emersom S. Lima</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>AppliedChem</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>4</em>(2), 140-156; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4020010">https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4020010</a> - 10 Apr 2024 </div> Viewed by 1405 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease that is mainly characterized by hyperglycemia. Chalcones and their derivatives have demonstrated promising pharmacological potential for the treatment of diabetes. The aim of the study was to evaluate antidiabetic activities and analyze 4-methoxychalcone (MPP) using GC-MS. <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9623/4/2/10/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease that is mainly characterized by hyperglycemia. Chalcones and their derivatives have demonstrated promising pharmacological potential for the treatment of diabetes. The aim of the study was to evaluate antidiabetic activities and analyze 4-methoxychalcone (MPP) using GC-MS. The compound was characterized using mass spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance and headspace with gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (HS-GC-MS). MPP was evaluated via the inhibition of the alpha-glucosidase enzyme, cell viability and antiglycation and hemolytic activities in vitro. The study of the interaction between the bovine serum albumin protein and MPP was investigated via molecular docking. Oral sucrose tolerance and oral glucose tolerance tests were performed in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. The HS-GC-MS method was able to accurately detect and characterize the compound, and the interaction between MPP and BSA revealed the remarkable affinity for the two main binding sites of BSA. This was confirmed by the in vitro antiglycation test, since MPP showed activity through both oxidative and non-oxidative stress. MPP significantly attenuated the increase in glycemia after glucose loading in STZ-induced diabetic mice. These results confirm that MPP has antihyperglycemic activity and may be an alternative for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. <a href="/2673-9623/4/2/10">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9623/4/2/10/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1373199"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1373199"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1373199" data-cycle-prev="#prev1373199" data-cycle-progressive="#images1373199" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1373199-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00010/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00010-g001-550.jpg?1717588121" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1373199" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1373199-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00010/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00010-g002-550.jpg?1717588124'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1373199-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00010/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00010-g003-550.jpg?1717588126'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1373199-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00010/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00010-g004-550.jpg?1717588128'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1373199-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00010/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00010-g005-550.jpg?1717588130'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1373199-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00010/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00010-g006-550.jpg?1717588132'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1373199-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00010/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00010-g007-550.jpg?1717588133'><p>Figure 7</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1373199-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00010/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00010-g001-550.jpg?1717588121" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p><sup>1</sup>H NMR spectrum and region amplification δ 7.0–8.3 of 4-methoxychalcone (MPP) (DMSO-<span class="html-italic">d</span><sub>6</sub>, 500 MHz).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/10'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00010/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00010-g002-550.jpg?1717588124" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Chromatogram, calibration curve and mass spectrum of GC-MS headspace analysis for the quantification of 4-methoxychalcone. Each concentration was measured in quintuplicate following a fully randomized statistical design.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/10'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00010/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00010-g003-550.jpg?1717588126" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Docking calculations of MPP in the BSA active sites: (<b>a</b>) 3D and 2D representations of interactions at Drug Site 1; (<b>b</b>) 3D and 2D representations of interactions at Drug Site 2.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/10'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00010/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00010-g004-550.jpg?1717588128" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>(<b>A</b>) Cell viability of the untreated control group, positive control doxorubicin at 20 µM (doxo) and MPP at different concentrations per period of 24, 48 and 72 h in MRC-5 cell line; (<b>B</b>) hemolytic activity of MPP at the concentration of 20 µM compared to the standard triton X-100. Results are shown as the mean ± standard deviation (<span class="html-italic">n</span> = 3). **** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.0001. ns = not significant (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &gt; 0.05) vs. untreated control group; ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01 (ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/10'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00010/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00010-g005-550.jpg?1717588130" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Inhibitory activity of acarbose, quercetin and MPP at the concentration 100 µg mL<sup>−1</sup> on the enzymes of α-glucosidase extracted from <span class="html-italic">Saccharomyces cerevisiae</span> and α -glucosidase extracted from rat intestinal acetone powders. The results are expressed as mean ± SD, <span class="html-italic">n</span> = 3. **** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.0001 (ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/10'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00010/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00010-g006-550.jpg?1717588132" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>(<b>A</b>) Effects of the oral administration of MPP and acarbose on blood glucose concentration in sucrose-loaded mice. Values are expressed as mean ± SD, <span class="html-italic">n</span> = 6. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.03; **** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.0001 compared to untreated control group. Acarbose100: acarbose 100 mg/kg bw (positive control); MPP200: 4-methoxychalcone (200 mg/kg bw). (<b>B</b>) Effects of the oral administration of MPP and metformin on blood glucose concentration in glucose-loaded mice. Metformin200: metformin 200 mg/kg bw (positive control); MPP100 and MPP200: 4-methoxychalcone (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg bw, respectively). NTG: untreated healthy mice control group. Values are expressed as mean ± SD, <span class="html-italic">n</span> = 6. ns = not significant (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &gt; 0.05), **** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.0001 vs. untreated control group (ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/10'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00010/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00010-g007-550.jpg?1717588133" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>Effects of the oral administration of MPP and metformin on the blood glucose concentration in glucose-loaded diabetic mice. Metformin200: metformin 200 mg/kg bw (positive control); MPP100 and MPP200: 4-methoxychalcone (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg bw, respectively). DNTG: untreated diabetic control group. NTG: untreated healthy mice group. Values are expressed as mean ± SD, <span class="html-italic">n</span> = 6. ns = not significant (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &gt; 0.05). The character **** indicates <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.0001 and *** indicates <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001 versus the untreated control group (ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparison test).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/10'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1372843" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 18 pages, 919 KiB   </span> <a href="/2673-9623/4/2/9/pdf?version=1712825865" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="A New Simple Method for the Determination of Complex Wine Aroma Compounds Using GC-MS/MS—The Case of the Greek Variety “Agiorgitiko”" data-journal="appliedchem"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2673-9623/4/2/9">A New Simple Method for the Determination of Complex Wine Aroma Compounds Using GC-MS/MS—The Case of the Greek Variety “Agiorgitiko”</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ioannis Ligas</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Elli Goulioti</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Petros Tarantilis</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yorgos Kotseridis</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>AppliedChem</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>4</em>(2), 122-139; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4020009">https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4020009</a> - 10 Apr 2024 </div> <a href="/2673-9623/4/2/9#metrics">Cited by 1</a> | Viewed by 2892 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Wine exerts a fundamental influence on the global market, and its aroma remains a crucial attribute contributing to its commercial value. The market could benefit significantly if a simple and cheap method of analyzing a wine’s aromatic profile were developed. The purpose of <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9623/4/2/9/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Wine exerts a fundamental influence on the global market, and its aroma remains a crucial attribute contributing to its commercial value. The market could benefit significantly if a simple and cheap method of analyzing a wine’s aromatic profile were developed. The purpose of this study is to develop such a method. A multi-analytical method for quantifying 39 volatile compounds of wine aroma was developed and validated using liquid–liquid extraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). The method was validated for its linearity, reproducibility, recovery, limit of detection, and limit of quantification and showed excellent results for almost all compounds. The method was applied to 25 commercial Protected Designation of Origin “Nemea” wines, and the results were compared and correlated with the sensory analysis results by a trained panel. The correlations among the parameters indicated that the newly developed GC-MS/MS method produces similar results to human responses. <a href="/2673-9623/4/2/9">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9623/4/2/9/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1372843"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1372843"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1372843" data-cycle-prev="#prev1372843" data-cycle-progressive="#images1372843" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1372843-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00009/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00009-g001-550.jpg?1712825955" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1372843" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1372843-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00009/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00009-g002-550.jpg?1712825957'><p>Figure 2</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1372843-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00009/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00009-g001-550.jpg?1712825955" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>PCA for total acetates, total esters, total phenols, and oak compounds using GC-MS/MS and the sensory analysis results for the fruity aroma, barrel aroma, and flavor intensity.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/9'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/appliedchem/appliedchem-04-00009/article_deploy/html/images/appliedchem-04-00009-g002-550.jpg?1712825957" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Biplot of PCA for PC1 and PC2.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-9623/4/2/9'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <span class="more" style="display: none;"></span> </div> <div class="row footer"> <div class="listing-select-options"> <div class="columns small-12"> <div class="select generic-item"> <a href="#" class="export-options-show export-element export-expanded"> Show export options <i class="material-icons">expand_more</i> </a> <a href="#" class="export-options-show export-element"> Show export 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