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name="global_projectShortcut" content="SE" /><meta name="global_projectDomain" content="https://www.solid-earth.net/" /> <title>SE - Review article</title> <meta name="data-non-mobile-optimized-message" content="" /><script id="networker"> window.isSafari = /^((?!chrome|android).)*safari/i.test(navigator.userAgent); /** * */ function createToastsFunctionality() { const toastsWrapper = $('<div>') .attr('aria-live', 'polite') .attr('aria-atomic', 'true') .addClass('toasts-notifications-wrapper'); $('body').append(toastsWrapper); } function isOS() { return [ 'iPad Simulator', 'iPhone Simulator', 'iPod Simulator', 'iPad', 'iPhone', 'iPod' ].includes(navigator.platform) || (navigator.userAgent.includes("Mac") && "ontouchend" in document) } /** * * @param notificationContent */ function addToast(notificationContent) { const toast = $('<div>').addClass('toast').attr('role', 'alert').attr('aria-live', 'assertive') .attr('aria-atomic', 'true').attr('data-autohide', 'false'); const toastHeader = 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--> <!-- Root element of PhotoSwipe. Must have class pswp. --> <div class="pswp" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-hidden="true" > <!-- Background of PhotoSwipe. It's a separate element as animating opacity is faster than rgba(). --> <div class="pswp__bg"></div> <!-- Slides wrapper with overflow:hidden. --> <div class="pswp__scroll-wrap"> <!-- Container that holds slides. PhotoSwipe keeps only 3 of them in the DOM to save memory. Don't modify these 3 pswp__item elements, data is added later on. --> <div class="pswp__container"> <div class="pswp__item"></div> <div class="pswp__item"></div> <div class="pswp__item"></div> </div> <!-- Default (PhotoSwipeUI_Default) interface on top of sliding area. Can be changed. --> <div class="pswp__ui pswp__ui--hidden"> <div class="pswp__top-bar"> <!-- Controls are self-explanatory. 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Please try again later.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- feedback server timeout --> <div class="modal " id="templateSearchErrorModal2" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="Search results" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-lg modal-dialog-centered"> <div class="modal-content p-3"> <div class="modal-body text-left"> <h1 class="mt-0 pt-0">Server timeout</h1> <div class="co-error">We are sorry, but your search could not be completed due to server timeouts. Please try again later.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- feedback invalid search term --> <div class="modal " id="templateSearchErrorModal3" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="Search results" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-lg modal-dialog-centered"> <div class="modal-content p-3"> <div class="modal-body text-left"> <h1 class="mt-0 pt-0">Empty search term</h1> <div class="co-error">You have applied the search with an empty search term. Please revisit and try again.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- feedback too many requests --> <div class="modal " id="templateSearchErrorModal4" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="Search results" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-lg modal-dialog-centered"> <div class="modal-content p-3"> <div class="modal-body text-left"> <h1 class="mt-0 pt-0">Too many requests</h1> <div class="co-error">We are sorry, but we have received too many parallel search requests. Please try again later.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- loading --> <div class="modal " id="templateSearchLoadingModal" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="Search results" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-sm modal-dialog-centered"> <div class="modal-content p-3 co_LoadingDotsContainer"> <div class="modal-body"> <div class="text">Searching</div> <div class="dots d-flex justify-content-center"><div class="dot"></div><div class="dot"></div><div class="dot"></div></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <style> /*.modal {*/ /* background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);*/ /*}*/ .modal-header--sticky { position: sticky; top: 0; background-color: inherit; z-index: 1055; } .grid-container { margin-bottom: 1em; /*padding-left: 0;*/ /*padding-right: 0;*/ } #templateSearchInfo{ display: none; background-color: var(--background-color-primary); margin-top: 1px; z-index: 5; border: 1px solid var(--color-primary); opacity: .8; font-size: .7rem; border-radius: .25rem; } #templateSearchLoadingModal .co_LoadingDotsContainer { z-index: 1000; } #templateSearchLoadingModal .co_LoadingDotsContainer .text { text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1rem; } #templateSearchLoadingModal .co_LoadingDotsContainer .dot { background-color: #0072BC; border: 2px solid white; border-radius: 50%; float: left; height: 2rem; width: 2rem; margin: 0 5px; -webkit-transform: scale(0); transform: scale(0); -webkit-animation: animation_dots_breath 1000ms ease infinite 0ms; animation: animation_dots_breath 1000ms ease infinite 0ms; } #templateSearchLoadingModal .co_LoadingDotsContainer .dot:nth-child(2) { -webkit-animation: animation_dots_breath 1000ms ease infinite 300ms; animation: animation_dots_breath 1000ms ease infinite 300ms; } #templateSearchLoadingModal .co_LoadingDotsContainer .dot:nth-child(3) { -webkit-animation: animation_dots_breath 1000ms ease infinite 600ms; animation: animation_dots_breath 1000ms ease infinite 600ms; } #templateSearchResultModal [class*="grid-"] { padding-left: 10px !important; padding-right: 10px !important; } #templateSearchResultTerm { font-weight: bold; } #resultsSearchHeader { display: block !important; } #scrolltopmodal { font-size: 3.0em; margin-top: 0 !important; margin-right: 15px; } @-webkit-keyframes animation_dots_breath { 50% { -webkit-transform: scale(1); transform: scale(1); opacity: 1; } 100% { opacity: 0; } } @keyframes animation_dots_breath { 50% { -webkit-transform: scale(1); transform: scale(1); opacity: 1; } 100% { opacity: 0; } } @media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 991px) { #templateSearchResultModal .modal-dialog { max-width: 90%; } } </style> <script> if(document.querySelector('meta[name="global_moBaseURL"]').content == "https://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/") FINDER_URL = document.querySelector('meta[name="global_moBaseURL"]').content.replace('meetingorganizer', 'finder-app')+"search/library.php"; else FINDER_URL = document.querySelector('meta[name="global_moBaseURL"]').content.replace('meetingorganizer', 'finder')+"search/library.php"; SEARCH_INPUT = document.getElementById('search_query_solr'); SEARCH_INPUT_MODAL = document.getElementById('search_query_modal'); searchRunning = false; offset = 20; INITIAL_OFFSET = 20; var MutationObserver = window.MutationObserver || window.WebKitMutationObserver || window.MozMutationObserver; const targetNodeSearchModal = document.getElementById("templateSearchResultModal"); const configSearchModal = { attributes: true, childList: true, subtree: true }; // Callback function to execute when mutations are observed const callbackSearchModal = (mutationList, observer) => { for (const mutation of mutationList) { if (mutation.type === "childList") { // console.log("A child node has been added or removed."); picturesGallery(); } else if (mutation.type === "attributes") { // console.log(`The ${mutation.attributeName} attribute was modified.`); } } }; // Create an observer instance linked to the callback function const observer = new MutationObserver(callbackSearchModal); // Start observing the target node for configured mutations observer.observe(targetNodeSearchModal, configSearchModal); function _addEventListener() { document.getElementById('search_query_solr').addEventListener('keypress', (e) => { if (e.key === 'Enter') _runSearch(); }); document.getElementById('start_site_search_solr').addEventListener('click', (e) => { _runSearch(); e.stopPropagation(); e.stopImmediatePropagation(); return false; }); $('#templateSearchResultModal').scroll(function() { if ($(this).scrollTop()) { $('#scrolltopmodal:hidden').stop(true, true).fadeIn().css("display","inline-block"); } else { $('#scrolltopmodal').stop(true, true).fadeOut(); } }); } function scrollModalTop() { $('#templateSearchResultModal').animate({ scrollTop: 0 }, 'slow'); // $('#templateSearchResultModal').scrollTop(0); } function picturesGallery() { $('body').off('click', '.paperlist-avatar img'); $('body').off('click', '#templateSearchResultContainer .paperlist-avatar img'); searchPaperListAvatar = []; searchPaperListAvatarThumb = []; search_pswpElement = document.querySelectorAll('.pswp')[0]; if (typeof search_gallery != "undefined") { search_gallery = null; } $('body').on('click', '#templateSearchResultContainer .paperlist-avatar img', function (e) { if(searchPaperListAvatarThumb.length === 0 && searchPaperListAvatar.length === 0) { $('#templateSearchResultContainer .paperlist-avatar img').each(function () { var webversion = $(this).attr('data-web'); var width = $(this).attr('data-width'); var height = $(this).attr('data-height'); var caption = $(this).attr('data-caption'); var figure = { src: webversion, w: width, h: height, title: caption }; searchPaperListAvatarThumb.push($(this)[0]); searchPaperListAvatar.push(figure); }); } var target = $(this); var index = $('#templateSearchResultContainer .paperlist-avatar img').index(target); var options = { showHideOpacity:false, bgOpacity:0.8, index:index, spacing:0.15, history: false, focus:false, getThumbBoundsFn: function(index) { var thumbnail = searchPaperListAvatarThumb[index]; var pageYScroll = window.pageYOffset || document.documentElement.scrollTop; var rect = thumbnail.getBoundingClientRect(); return {x:rect.left, y:rect.top + pageYScroll, w:rect.width}; } }; search_gallery = new PhotoSwipe( search_pswpElement, PhotoSwipeUI_Default,[searchPaperListAvatar[index]],options); search_gallery.init(); }); } function showError(code, msg) { console.error(code, msg); $("#templateSearchLoadingModal").modal("hide"); switch(code) { case -3: // http request fail case -2: // invalid MO response case 4: // CORS case 1: // project $("#templateSearchErrorModal1").modal({}); break; case -1: // timeout $("#templateSearchErrorModal2").modal({}); break; case 2: // empty term $("#templateSearchErrorModal3").modal({}); break; case 3: // DOS $("#templateSearchErrorModal4").modal({}); break; default: $("#templateSearchErrorModal1").modal({}); break; } } function clearForm() { var myFormElement = document.getElementById("library-filters") var elements = myFormElement.elements; $(".form-check-input").prop('checked', false).change().parent().removeClass('active'); for(i=0; i<elements.length; i++) { field_type = elements[i].type.toLowerCase(); switch(field_type) { case "text": case "password": case "textarea": case "hidden": elements[i].value = ""; break; case "radio": case "checkbox": if (elements[i].checked) { elements[i].checked = false; } break; case "select-one": case "select-multi": elements[i].selectedIndex = -1; break; default: break; } } } function generateShowMoreButton(offset, term) { var code = '<button aria-label="ShowMore" id="showMore" class="btn btn-success float-right mr-2" data-offset="' + offset + '">Show more</button>'; return code; } function hideModal(id) { $("#"+id).modal('hide'); } function showModal(id) { $("#"+id).modal({}); } function prepareForPhotoSwipe() { searchPaperListAvatar = []; searchPaperListAvatarThumb = []; search_pswpElement = document.querySelectorAll('.pswp')[0]; } function _sendAjax(projectID, term) { let httpRequest = new XMLHttpRequest(); if(searchRunning) { console.log("Search running"); return; } if (!httpRequest) { console.error("Giving up :( Cannot create an XMLHTTP instance"); showError(-1); return false; } // httpRequest.timeout = 20000; // time in milliseconds httpRequest.withCredentials = false; httpRequest.ontimeout = (e) => { showError(-1, "result timeout"); searchRunning = false; }; httpRequest.onreadystatechange = function() { if (httpRequest.readyState === XMLHttpRequest.DONE) { searchRunning = false; if (httpRequest.status === 200) { let rs = JSON.parse(httpRequest.responseText); if(rs) { if(rs.isError) { showError(rs.errorCode, rs.errorMessage); } else { let html = rs.resultHTMLs; $("#modal_search_query").val(rs.term); $("#templateSearchResultTerm").html(rs.term); $("#templateSearchResultNr").html(rs.resultsNr); $("#templateRefineSearch").html(rs.filter); if(rs.filter == false) { console.log('filter empty'); $("#refineSearchModal").removeClass('d-block').addClass('d-none'); } if(rs.resultsNr==1) $("#templateSearchResultNrPlural").hide(); else $("#templateSearchResultNrPlural").show(); if(rs.resultsNr==0) { hideModal('templateSearchLoadingModal'); $("#templateSearchResultContainer").html(""); $("#templateSearchResultContainerEmpty").removeClass("d-none"); showModal('templateSearchResultModal'); } else { if((rs.resultsNr - offset)>0) { html = html + generateShowMoreButton(offset, term); } $("#templateSearchResultContainerEmpty").addClass("d-none"); if( offset == INITIAL_OFFSET) { hideModal('templateSearchLoadingModal'); $("#templateSearchResultContainer").html(html); showModal('templateSearchResultModal'); } else { $('#showMore').remove(); startHtml = $("#templateSearchResultContainer").html(); $("#templateSearchResultContainer").html(startHtml + html); } // prepareForPhotoSwipe(); } } } else { showError(-2, "invalid result"); } } else { showError(-3, "There was a problem with the request."); } } }; if(offset == INITIAL_OFFSET) { hideModal('templateSearchResultModal'); showModal('templateSearchLoadingModal'); } httpRequest.open("GET", FINDER_URL+"?project="+projectID+"&term="+encodeURI(term)+((offset>INITIAL_OFFSET)?("&offset="+(offset-INITIAL_OFFSET)) : "")); httpRequest.send(); 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Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-web="https://se.copernicus.org/articles/15/989/2024/se-15-989-2024-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-height="226" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> <div class="grid-85 tablet-grid-85"> <div class="published-date"> 13 Aug 2024</div> <a class="article-title" target="_parent" href="https://se.copernicus.org/articles/15/989/2024/">(D)rifting in the 21st century: key processes, natural hazards, and geo-resources</a> <div class="authors">Frank Zwaan, Tiago M. Alves, Patricia Cadenas, Mohamed Gouiza, Jordan J. J. Phethean, Sascha Brune, and Anne C. Glerum</div> <div class="citation">Solid Earth, 15, 989&ndash;1028, <nobr class="hide-on-mobile hide-on-tablet">https://doi.org/10.5194/se-15-989-2024,</nobr><span class="hide-on-desktop">https://doi.org/10.5194/se-15-989-2024,</span> 2024</div> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle short_summary_button_115731" data-show=".short_summary_115731" data-hide=".short_summary_button_115731" >Short summary</span> <div class="j-widget__max short_summary short_summary_115731" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Short summary</div> <div class="content"> Rifting and the break-up of continents are key aspects of Earth&rsquo;s plate tectonic system. A thorough understanding of the geological processes involved in rifting, and of the associated natural hazards and resources, is of great importance in the context of the energy transition. Here, we provide a coherent overview of rift processes and the links with hazards and resources, and we assess future challenges and opportunities for (collaboration between) researchers, government, and industry. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".short_summary_115731" data-show=".short_summary_button_115731">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-15 tablet-grid-15 text-right hide-on-mobile"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://se.copernicus.org/articles/15/989/2024/se-15-989-2024-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://se.copernicus.org/articles/15/989/2024/se-15-989-2024-avatar-thumb80.png" data-web="https://se.copernicus.org/articles/15/989/2024/se-15-989-2024-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-caption="漏 Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-height="226" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container paperlist-object in-range paperList-final" data-diff="10"> <div class="grid-100 hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://se.copernicus.org/articles/15/215/2024/se-15-215-2024-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://se.copernicus.org/articles/15/215/2024/se-15-215-2024-avatar-thumb80.png" data-caption="漏 Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-web="https://se.copernicus.org/articles/15/215/2024/se-15-215-2024-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-height="317" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> <div class="grid-85 tablet-grid-85"> <div class="published-date"> 09 Feb 2024</div> <a class="article-title" target="_parent" href="https://se.copernicus.org/articles/15/215/2024/">Hydrogen solubility of stishovite provides insights into water transportation to the deep Earth</a> <div class="authors">Mengdan Chen, Changxin Yin, Danling Chen, Long Tian, Liang Liu, and Lei Kang</div> <div class="citation">Solid Earth, 15, 215&ndash;227, <nobr class="hide-on-mobile hide-on-tablet">https://doi.org/10.5194/se-15-215-2024,</nobr><span class="hide-on-desktop">https://doi.org/10.5194/se-15-215-2024,</span> 2024</div> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle short_summary_button_115295" data-show=".short_summary_115295" data-hide=".short_summary_button_115295" >Short summary</span> <div class="j-widget__max short_summary short_summary_115295" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Short summary</div> <div class="content"> <div> <p>Stishovite remains stable under mantle conditions and can incorporate various amounts of water in its crystal structure. We provide a systematic review of previous studies on water in stishovite and propose a new model for water solubility of Al-bearing stishovite. Calculation results based on this model suggest that stishovite may effectively accommodate water from the breakdown of hydrous minerals and could make an important contribution to water enrichment in the mantle transition zone.</p> </div> </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".short_summary_115295" data-show=".short_summary_button_115295">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-15 tablet-grid-15 text-right hide-on-mobile"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://se.copernicus.org/articles/15/215/2024/se-15-215-2024-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://se.copernicus.org/articles/15/215/2024/se-15-215-2024-avatar-thumb80.png" data-web="https://se.copernicus.org/articles/15/215/2024/se-15-215-2024-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-caption="漏 Author(s). 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