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</div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Barrow Island (Western Australia)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 15 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-15" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">15 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%83_(%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%9E)" title="Барау (востраў) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Барау (востраў)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barrow_Island_(Austr%C3%A0lia_Occidental)" title="Barrow Island (Austràlia Occidental) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Barrow Island (Austràlia Occidental)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barrow_Island_(pulo_sa_Ostralya)" title="Barrow Island (pulo sa Ostralya) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Barrow Island (pulo sa Ostralya)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barrow_Island_(Western_Australia)" title="Barrow Island (Western Australia) – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Barrow Island (Western Australia)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barrow_Island_(Western_Australia)" title="Barrow Island (Western Australia) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Barrow Island (Western Australia)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%87_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88_(%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C)" title="جزیره بارو (استرالیای غربی) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جزیره بارو (استرالیای غربی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Ele_de_Barrow_(Australie-Occidentale)" title="Île de Barrow (Australie-Occidentale) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Île de Barrow (Australie-Occidentale)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isola_di_Barrow" title="Isola di Barrow – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Isola di Barrow" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barroweiland_(West-Australi%C3%AB)" title="Barroweiland (West-Australië) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Barroweiland (West-Australië)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wyspa_Barrowa" title="Wyspa Barrowa – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wyspa Barrowa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilha_de_Barrow" title="Ilha de Barrow – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ilha de Barrow" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%83_(%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2,_%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Барроу (остров, Австралия) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Барроу (остров, Австралия)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barrow_Island" title="Barrow Island – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Barrow Island" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%83_(%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B2,_%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F)" title="Барроу (острів, Західна Австралія) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Барроу (острів, Західна Австралія)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E7%BD%97%E5%B2%9B_(%E8%A5%BF%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E5%B7%9E)" title="巴罗岛 (西澳大利亚州) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="巴罗岛 (西澳大利亚州)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">20°48′S</span> <span class="longitude">115°23′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">20.8°S 115.38°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-20.8; 115.38</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Barrow Island</span>)</span></span></span></a></span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Island off the coast of Western Australia</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129712854">.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-title-embed{background-color:#efefef;font-weight:bold;padding:0.3em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-nick,.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-native{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-native>div{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands .infobox-header{background-color:#efefef}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-country{border-top:1px solid black;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-country2{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands .infobox-below{text-align:left;border-top:#aaa 1px solid}</style><table class="infobox ib-islands vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Barrow Island</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:NW_Coast_1897.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/NW_Coast_1897.JPG/260px-NW_Coast_1897.JPG" decoding="async" width="260" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/NW_Coast_1897.JPG/390px-NW_Coast_1897.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/NW_Coast_1897.JPG/520px-NW_Coast_1897.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3484" data-file-height="1748" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Barrow Island from an 1897 map, showing the <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australian</a> mainland on the bottom right (south-east) and the <a href="/wiki/Montebello_Islands" title="Montebello Islands">Montebello Islands</a> to the north</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 220px; height: 220px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="220" data-height="220" data-zoom="10" data-overlays="["_5a3bdfa2993fd3152efae205a096ceeecb4db80e"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,a,a,220x220.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Barrow_Island_%28Western_Australia%29&revid=1251671394&groups=_5a3bdfa2993fd3152efae205a096ceeecb4db80e" width="220" height="220" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,a,a,220x220@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Barrow_Island_%28Western_Australia%29&revid=1251671394&groups=_5a3bdfa2993fd3152efae205a096ceeecb4db80e 2x" alt="Map" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Barrow Island (Western Australia)</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:260px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:260px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:260px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Australia_Western_Australia_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Barrow Island is located in Western Australia"><img alt="Barrow Island is located in Western Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Australia_Western_Australia_location_map.svg/260px-Australia_Western_Australia_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="375" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Australia_Western_Australia_location_map.svg/390px-Australia_Western_Australia_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Australia_Western_Australia_location_map.svg/520px-Australia_Western_Australia_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1205" data-file-height="1738" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:34.081%;left:16.941%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Barrow Island"><img alt="Barrow Island" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>Barrow Island</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Geography</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</a>, off the <a href="/wiki/Pilbara" title="Pilbara">Pilbara</a> coast of <a href="/wiki/Western_Australia" title="Western Australia">Western Australia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Barrow_Island_(Western_Australia)&params=20.8_S_115.38_E_region:AU-WA_type:isle_dim:30km&title=Barrow+Island"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">20°48′S</span> <span class="longitude">115°23′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">20.8°S 115.38°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-20.8; 115.38</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Barrow Island</span>)</span></span></span></a></span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Area</th><td class="infobox-data">202 km<sup>2</sup> (78 sq mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Length</th><td class="infobox-data">27 km (16.8 mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Width</th><td class="infobox-data">11.5 km (7.15 mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Coastline</th><td class="infobox-data">72 km (44.7 mi)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Administration</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div><b>Australia</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/States_and_territories_of_Australia" title="States and territories of Australia">State</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Western_Australia" title="Western Australia">Western Australia</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Demographics</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population</th><td class="infobox-data">45 (<abbr title="suburb and locality">SAL</abbr> <a href="/wiki/2021_Australian_census" title="2021 Australian census">2021</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Barrow Island</b> is a 202-square-kilometre (78 sq mi) <a href="/wiki/Island" title="Island">island</a> 50 kilometres (31 mi) northwest off the <a href="/wiki/Pilbara" title="Pilbara">Pilbara</a> coast of <a href="/wiki/Western_Australia" title="Western Australia">Western Australia</a>. The island is the second largest in Western Australia after <a href="/wiki/Dirk_Hartog_Island" title="Dirk Hartog Island">Dirk Hartog Island</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_history_and_European_discovery">Early history and European discovery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barrow_Island_(Western_Australia)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early history and European discovery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The island was visited by <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_Australians" title="Indigenous Australians">Indigenous Australians</a> approximately 4,000 or more years ago. It separated from the mainland approximately 6,800 years ago.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Dortch_1984_31–47_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dortch_1984_31–47-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stone artefacts including several weathered flakes and fragments made of igneous and metamorphic rocks and chert were collected from Barrow Island in the 1960s.<sup id="cite_ref-Dortch_1984_31–47_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dortch_1984_31–47-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Thevenard_Island" title="Thevenard Island">Thevenard Island</a> also has evidence of Aboriginal visitation,<sup id="cite_ref-Dortch_1984_31–47_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dortch_1984_31–47-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and it is likely that the nearby <a href="/wiki/Montebello_Islands" title="Montebello Islands">Montebello Islands</a> were utilized as well; however, there have been no archaeological finds from these islands. </p><p>Navigators had noted its existence since the early 17th century, and <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Baudin" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicholas Baudin">Nicholas Baudin</a> sighted it in 1803, mistakenly believing it to be part of mainland Australia.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Phillip_Parker_King" title="Phillip Parker King">Phillip Parker King</a> named the island in 1816 after <a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Barrow,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir John Barrow, 1st Baronet">Sir John Barrow</a>, a Secretary of the <a href="/wiki/British_Admiralty" class="mw-redirect" title="British Admiralty">Admiralty</a> and founder of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Geographical_Society" title="Royal Geographical Society">Royal Geographical Society</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Whaler" title="Whaler">Whalers</a> were known to operate in the area from about 1800 onwards. The first recorded visit by whalers was in 1842 with continued visits occurring until 1864. The island was used as a <a href="/wiki/Slave" class="mw-redirect" title="Slave">slave</a> trading centre for <a href="/wiki/Aboriginal_Australians" title="Aboriginal Australians">Aboriginal Australians</a> during the 1870s by <a href="/wiki/Francis_Cadell_(explorer)" title="Francis Cadell (explorer)">Captain William Cadell</a> until he was arrested and removed from the colony in 1876. Slave labour was used in the nearby mainland pearling industry.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Guano" title="Guano">Guano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seabird" title="Seabird">seabirds</a> or <a href="/wiki/Bat" title="Bat">bats</a>' <a href="/wiki/Excrement" class="mw-redirect" title="Excrement">excrement</a> that is a highly effective <a href="/wiki/Fertilizer" title="Fertilizer">fertilizer</a>, was found on the island and mining began in 1883. It was mined for the remainder of the 1880s and sold to markets in <a href="/wiki/Perth,_Western_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Perth, Western Australia">Perth</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Environment">Environment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barrow_Island_(Western_Australia)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Environment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Barrow_Island.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Barrow_Island.png/220px-Barrow_Island.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Barrow_Island.png/330px-Barrow_Island.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Barrow_Island.png/440px-Barrow_Island.png 2x" data-file-width="686" data-file-height="634" /></a><figcaption>NASA World Wind image</figcaption></figure> <p>Barrow Island is noted for its flat <a href="/wiki/Triodia_(plant_genus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Triodia (plant genus)">spinifex</a> <a href="/wiki/Grassland" title="Grassland">grasslands</a> spotted with <a href="/wiki/Termite" title="Termite">termite</a> mounds. While the main feature of Barrow Island's geography is the undulating limestone uplands, the island is surrounded by a mixture of sandy beaches and rocky shores, low cliffs, dunes, salt flats, and reefs. </p><p>Due to its isolation from mainland Australia and protection afforded under its statutory status, Barrow Island is one of the most important conservation reserves in Western Australia.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is an "A-class" reserve, the highest level of conservation protection available for Crown land in Australia.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Once a national park or class A nature reserve is made, mining leases and general purpose leases cannot be granted over them without the consent of both Houses of Parliament, and actual mining cannot take place within them without specific permission of the Minister for Environment. This occurred in 2003, when a portion of the reserve was excised in order to facilitate the Gorgon gas development program.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The island is known for its diversity of mammalian fauna, including several species now extinct or greatly reduced on mainland Australia. Thirteen mammal species exist on the island, including the <a href="/wiki/Spectacled_hare-wallaby" title="Spectacled hare-wallaby">spectacled hare-wallaby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Burrowing_bettong" class="mw-redirect" title="Burrowing bettong">burrowing bettong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Golden_bandicoot" title="Golden bandicoot">golden bandicoot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Black-flanked_rock-wallaby" title="Black-flanked rock-wallaby">black-flanked rock-wallaby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eastern_wallaroo" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern wallaroo">Barrow Island euro</a> and Barrow Island mouse (<i><a href="/wiki/Pseudomys" title="Pseudomys">Pseudomys</a> nanus ferculinus</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-chevronaustralia.com_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chevronaustralia.com-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The island is also home to 43 species of terrestrial reptiles including a variety of dragons, legless lizards, geckos, skinks, snakes and monitors.<sup id="cite_ref-chevronaustralia.com_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chevronaustralia.com-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most recognisable of these is probably the <a href="/wiki/Perentie" title="Perentie">perentie</a>, Australia's biggest <a href="/wiki/Lizard" title="Lizard">lizard</a> and the island's top predator. The island represents important turtle nesting habitat for the <a href="/wiki/Green_sea_turtle" title="Green sea turtle">green turtle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Flatback_sea_turtle" title="Flatback sea turtle">flatback sea turtle</a>. </p><p>Some exotic species exist on the island (e.g. the <a href="/wiki/American_cockroach" title="American cockroach">American cockroach</a><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) but the island fauna is largely intact. <a href="/wiki/Black_rats" class="mw-redirect" title="Black rats">Black rats</a> (<i>Rattus rattus</i>) were discovered to have established in 1990, but were eradicated by the <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Environment_and_Conservation_(Western_Australia)" title="Department of Environment and Conservation (Western Australia)">Department of Parks and Wildlife</a> (then CALM).<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Current threats include invasive species (including <a href="/wiki/Weed" title="Weed">weeds</a>, <a href="/wiki/Feral_cats" class="mw-redirect" title="Feral cats">feral cats</a>, <a href="/wiki/Common_house_gecko" title="Common house gecko">common house gecko</a>, etc.) establishing on the island, clearing for development, fire and disease.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Limestone caves on Barrow Island support subterranean ecological communities. These include endemic and vulnerable species. Invertebrate species include <a href="/wiki/Stygofauna" title="Stygofauna">Stygofauna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amphipod" class="mw-redirect" title="Amphipod">amphipod</a> crustaceans, of <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nedsia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nedsia (page does not exist)">Nedsia</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liagoceradocus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liagoceradocus (page does not exist)">Liagoceradocus</a></i> and other genera. These mostly inhabit an anchialine system, a 'lens' of fresh water above the saline ground water, which they share with cave fish species such as the blind cave eel (<i><a href="/wiki/Blind_cave_eel" title="Blind cave eel">Ophisternon candidum</a></i>), and two blind cave gudgeons, <i><a href="/wiki/Milyeringa_veritas" title="Milyeringa veritas">Milyeringa veritas</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Milyeringa_justitia" title="Milyeringa justitia">Milyeringa justitia</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Troglofauna" title="Troglofauna">Troglofauna</a> have also been discovered within the cave systems; these include the <a href="/wiki/Schizomid" class="mw-redirect" title="Schizomid">schizomid</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Draculoides_bramstokeri" title="Draculoides bramstokeri">Draculoides bramstokeri</a></i> and perhaps the only <a href="/wiki/Troglobite" class="mw-redirect" title="Troglobite">troglobitic</a> reptile—<i><a href="/wiki/Anilios_longissimus" title="Anilios longissimus">Anilios longissimus</a></i>. Hydrogen sulphide produced by the "Barrow fault" may sustain this diverse community through <a href="/wiki/Chemoautotrophic" class="mw-redirect" title="Chemoautotrophic">chemoautotrophic</a> energy production.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Birds">Birds</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barrow_Island_(Western_Australia)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Birds"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Barrow Island has been classified by <a href="/wiki/BirdLife_International" title="BirdLife International">BirdLife International</a> as an <a href="/wiki/Important_Bird_Area" title="Important Bird Area">Important Bird Area</a>. Birds include the Barrow Island black-and-white fairy-wren (<i>Malurus leucopterus edouardi</i>), an <a href="/wiki/Endemism" title="Endemism">endemic</a> subspecies of the <a href="/wiki/White-winged_fairy-wren" class="mw-redirect" title="White-winged fairy-wren">white-winged fairy-wren</a> which is regarded as <a href="/wiki/Vulnerable_species" title="Vulnerable species">vulnerable</a> to extinction.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The island also supports over 1% of the world populations of <a href="/wiki/Grey-tailed_tattler" title="Grey-tailed tattler">grey-tailed tattler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Red-necked_stint" title="Red-necked stint">red-necked stint</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pied_oystercatcher" title="Pied oystercatcher">pied oystercatcher</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fairy_tern" title="Fairy tern">fairy tern</a>, as well as an isolated population of the <a href="/wiki/Spinifexbird" title="Spinifexbird">spinifexbird</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Conservation">Conservation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barrow_Island_(Western_Australia)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Conservation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Western_Shield" title="Western Shield">Western Shield</a> project has sought to reduce the impact of <a href="/wiki/Introduced_species" title="Introduced species">introduced species</a> to the region. Corporate and state government cooperation on programs has produced studies into the little-known subterranean fauna of the island. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Energy_reserves">Energy reserves</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barrow_Island_(Western_Australia)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Energy reserves"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Oil">Oil</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barrow_Island_(Western_Australia)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Oil"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Conventional_oil" class="mw-redirect" title="Conventional oil">Oil</a> was discovered on the island in commercial quantities in 1964 by West Australian Petroleum Pty Ltd (<a href="/wiki/WAPET" title="WAPET">WAPET</a>), and the first <a href="/wiki/Oil_field" class="mw-redirect" title="Oil field">oil field</a> was established shortly after.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1995, there were 430 wells producing oil and <a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas">natural gas</a> across most of the southern half of the island.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The site has been <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>'s leading producer of oil. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Oil_tanker" title="Oil tanker">Oil tankers</a> are filled by a submarine <a href="/wiki/Pipeline_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Pipeline transport">pipeline</a> that extends 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) offshore. WAPET established a 200-room <a href="/wiki/Apartment" title="Apartment">apartment</a> complex for workers on the island.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A private <a href="/wiki/Airport" title="Airport">airport</a> facility known as <a href="/wiki/Barrow_Island_Airport" title="Barrow Island Airport">Barrow Island Airport</a> (<a href="/wiki/IATA_airport_code" title="IATA airport code">IATA</a>: <b>BWB</b>, <a href="/wiki/ICAO_airport_code" title="ICAO airport code">ICAO</a>: <b>YBWX</b>) was also established to transport workers and equipment from <a href="/wiki/Karratha,_Western_Australia" title="Karratha, Western Australia">Karratha</a> and <a href="/wiki/Perth,_Western_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Perth, Western Australia">Perth</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gas">Gas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barrow_Island_(Western_Australia)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Gas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Gorgon_gas_project" title="Gorgon gas project">Gorgon gas project</a></div> <p>In December 2009, a development consortium comprising the Australian subsidiaries of <a href="/wiki/Chevron_Corporation" title="Chevron Corporation">Chevron</a>, <a href="/wiki/ExxonMobil" title="ExxonMobil">ExxonMobil</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Royal_Dutch_Shell" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Dutch Shell">Shell</a> received environmental approvals from the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Western_Australia" title="Government of Western Australia">Government of Western Australia</a> to develop natural gas reserves 60 kilometres (37 mi) north of the island. Known as the <a href="/wiki/Gorgon_gas_project" title="Gorgon gas project">Gorgon gas project</a>, it was completed in 2017,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> offering an estimated 1,100 cubic kilometres (40 trillion cubic feet) of gas, making it one of Australia's largest developments. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Climate">Climate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barrow_Island_(Western_Australia)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Barrow Island has a <a href="/wiki/Desert_climate" title="Desert climate">hot desert climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a>: <i>BWh</i>) with very hot, humid summers with highly variable rainfall, and warm, dry winters. </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for <a href="/wiki/Barrow_Island_Airport" title="Barrow Island Airport">Barrow Island Airport</a> (20º52'S, 115º25'E, 6 m AMSL) (1999-2024 and extremes) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #CE0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">45.0<br />(113.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF0200; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">41.2<br />(106.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF0800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.3<br />(104.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF1600; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.2<br />(100.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF3500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.8<br />(92.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF4900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.9<br />(87.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF5400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.2<br />(84.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF3800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.3<br />(91.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.0<br />(96.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF0D00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.5<br />(103.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF0A00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.0<br />(104.0) </td> <td style="background: #F20000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42.4<br />(108.3) </td> <td style="background: #CE0000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">45.0<br />(113.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF3900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.2<br />(91.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF3500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.7<br />(92.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF3700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.5<br />(92.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF4600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.3<br />(88.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF6000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.5<br />(81.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.3<br />(75.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.8<br />(74.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF7000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.2<br />(77.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF6200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.2<br />(81.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF5200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.6<br />(85.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF4B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.6<br />(87.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF3F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.3<br />(90.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF5300; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">29.4<br />(84.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF6C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.8<br />(78.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF6800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.3<br />(79.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF6600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.6<br />(79.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.6<br />(76.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B17; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.3<br />(70.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9C39; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.8<br />(65.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFA54B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.5<br />(63.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFA246; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.9<br />(64.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF962D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.7<br />(67.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF8710; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.8<br />(71.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.0<br />(73.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF7500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.5<br />(76.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8409; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">22.3<br />(72.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF8D1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.0<br />(69.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF8914; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.5<br />(70.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF8D1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.0<br />(69.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B37; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.0<br />(66.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFBB77; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.3<br />(57.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFC58C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.8<br />(55.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFCC9A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.8<br />(53.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFC994; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.2<br />(54.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFB872; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.7<br />(58.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF60; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.0<br />(60.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFA144; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.0<br />(64.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF952C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.8<br />(67.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFCC9A; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">11.8<br />(53.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #E0FFE0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.7<br />(0.81) </td> <td style="background: #B8FFB8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43.2<br />(1.70) </td> <td style="background: #AFFFAF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">53.3<br />(2.10) </td> <td style="background: #CAFFCA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.1<br />(1.34) </td> <td style="background: #A5FFA5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">60.1<br />(2.37) </td> <td style="background: #C9FFC9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.7<br />(1.37) </td> <td style="background: #EBFFEB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.1<br />(0.52) </td> <td style="background: #F9FFF9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.5<br />(0.14) </td> <td style="background: #FDFFFD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.2<br />(0.05) </td> <td style="background: #FCFFFC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.6<br />(0.06) </td> <td style="background: #FCFFFC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.5<br />(0.06) </td> <td style="background: #F5FFF5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.1<br />(0.24) </td> <td style="background: #DCFFDC; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">271.3<br />(10.68) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 1.0 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.0 </td> <td style="background: #DFDFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.3 </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.4 </td> <td style="background: #EBEBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.5 </td> <td style="background: #DEDEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.6 </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.9 </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.0 </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.6 </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2 </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2 </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2 </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.6 </td> <td style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">15.5 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average afternoon <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #2121FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">58 </td> <td style="background: #1D1DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">59 </td> <td style="background: #1D1DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">59 </td> <td style="background: #3434FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">53 </td> <td style="background: #2C2CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">55 </td> <td style="background: #2828FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">56 </td> <td style="background: #2121FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">58 </td> <td style="background: #3838FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">52 </td> <td style="background: #3B3BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">51 </td> <td style="background: #3B3BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">51 </td> <td style="background: #3838FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">52 </td> <td style="background: #3030FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">54 </td> <td style="background: #2C2CFF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">55 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Dew_point" title="Dew point">dew point</a> °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF870F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.9<br />(71.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF8104; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.7<br />(72.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF8206; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.5<br />(72.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF9C39; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.8<br />(65.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA56; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.7<br />(62.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFBB77; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.3<br />(57.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFBC7A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.1<br />(57.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFC184; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.4<br />(56.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA76; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.4<br />(57.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFAE5D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.2<br />(61.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFA449; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.7<br />(63.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF952C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.8<br />(67.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFA449; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">17.7<br />(63.9) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Meteorology" title="Bureau of Meteorology">Bureau of Meteorology</a><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Highest_wind_record">Highest wind record</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barrow_Island_(Western_Australia)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Highest wind record"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/World_Meteorological_Organization" title="World Meteorological Organization">World Meteorological Organization</a> established Barrow Island as the location of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_weather_records#Wind_speeds" title="List of weather records">highest</a> non-<a href="/wiki/Tornado" title="Tornado">tornadic</a> wind gust ever recorded, at 408 km/h (254 mph).<sup id="cite_ref-wmo.int_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wmo.int-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The gust occurred on 10 April 1996, during <a href="/wiki/Cyclone_Olivia" title="Cyclone Olivia">Severe Tropical Cyclone Olivia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The previous record was a 372 km/h (231 mph) gust at <a href="/wiki/Mount_Washington,_New_Hampshire" class="mw-redirect" title="Mount Washington, New Hampshire">Mount Washington, New Hampshire</a>, United States in April 1934.<sup id="cite_ref-wmo.int_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wmo.int-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barrow_Island_(Western_Australia)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output 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Western Australia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barrow_Island_(Western_Australia)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ga.gov.au/bin/gazd01?rec=307788">"Barrow Island, Western Australia (Towns & Localities)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Gazetteer_of_Australia" title="Gazetteer of 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Barrow+Island+Airport+Climate+Statistics&rft.pub=Bureau+of+Meteorology&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bom.gov.au%2Fclimate%2Faverages%2Ftables%2Fcw_005094_All.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABarrow+Island+%28Western+Australia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wmo.int-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wmo.int_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wmo.int_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wmo.int/pages/mediacentre/infonotes/info_58_en.html">World Record Wind Gust: 408 km/h</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130120065504/http://www.wmo.int/pages/mediacentre/infonotes/info_58_en.html">Archived</a> 20 January 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. World Meteorological Organization.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bom.gov.au/jshess/docs/2012/courtney.pdf">Courtney, J., et al. 2012</a>, Documentation and verification of the world extreme wind gust record: 113.3 m/s on Barrow Island, Australia, during passage of tropical cyclone Olivia. <i>Australian Meteorological and Oceanographic Journal</i> 62: 1-9.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barrow_Island_(Western_Australia)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Butler, Harry, (1982) <i>Barrow Island</i> (written by Harry Butler and compiled by Jacqueline Cox with assistance of other Wapet staff). Perth, W.A : West Australian Petroleum Pty Ltd.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output 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