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gaps</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: band gaps"> <meta name="keywords" content="band gaps"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="band gaps"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1940</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: band gaps</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1940</span> Interesting Behavior of Non-Thermal Plasma Photonic Crystals</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Mousavi">A. Mousavi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Sadegzadeh"> S. Sadegzadeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this research, the effect of non-thermal micro plasma with non-Maxwellian distribution function on the one dimensional plasma photonic crystals containing alternate plasma-dielectric layers, has been studied. By using Kronig Penny model, the dispersion relation of electromagnetic modes for such a periodic structure is obtained. In this study we take two plasma photonic crystals with different dielectric layers: the first one with Silicon monoxide named PPCI, and the second one with Tellurium dioxide named PPCII. The effects of the plasma layer thickness and the material of the dielectric layer on the plasma photonic crystal band gaps have been illustrated in the dispersion relation and the group velocity figures. Results revealed that in such a system, the non-thermal plasma exerts stronger limit on the wave’s propagation. In another word, for the non-thermal plasma photonic crystals (NPPC), there are two distinct regions in the dispersion plot. The upper region consists of alternate band gaps in such a way that both width and length of the bands decrease gradually as the band gaps order increases. Whereas in the lower region where v_ph > 20 c (for PPCI), waves will not be allowed to propagate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=band%20gap" title="band gap">band gap</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dispersion%20relation" title=" dispersion relation"> dispersion relation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-thermal%20plasma" title=" non-thermal plasma"> non-thermal plasma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma%20photonic%20crystal" title=" plasma photonic crystal"> plasma photonic crystal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24618/interesting-behavior-of-non-thermal-plasma-photonic-crystals" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24618.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">539</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1939</span> Calculation of Lattice Constants and Band Gaps for Generalized Quasicrystals of InGaN Alloy: A First Principle Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rohin%20Sharma">Rohin Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sumantu%20Chaulagain"> Sumantu Chaulagain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents calculations of total energy of InGaN alloy carried out in a disordered quasirandom structure for a triclinic super cell. This structure replicates the disorder and composition effect in the alloy. First principle calculations within the density functional theory with the local density approximation approach is employed to accurately determine total energy of the system. Lattice constants and band gaps associated with the ground states are then estimated for different concentration ratios of the alloy. We provide precise results of quasirandom structures of the alloy and their lattice constants with the total energy and band gap energy of the system for the range of seven different composition ratios and their respective lattice parameters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DFT" title="DFT">DFT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ground%20state" title=" ground state"> ground state</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LDA" title=" LDA"> LDA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quasicrystal" title=" quasicrystal"> quasicrystal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=triclinic%20super%20cell" title=" triclinic super cell"> triclinic super cell</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81138/calculation-of-lattice-constants-and-band-gaps-for-generalized-quasicrystals-of-ingan-alloy-a-first-principle-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81138.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">188</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1938</span> Ge₁₋ₓSnₓ Alloys with Tuneable Energy Band Gap on GaAs (100) Substrate Manufactured by a Modified Magnetron Co-Sputtering</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20Qian">Li Qian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jinchao%20Tong"> Jinchao Tong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daohua%20Zhang"> Daohua Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weijun%20Fan"> Weijun Fan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fei%20Suo"> Fei Suo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Photonic applications based on group IV semiconductors have always been an interest but also a challenge for the research community. We report manufacturing group IV Ge₁₋ₓSnₓ alloys with tuneable energy band gap on (100) GaAs substrate by a modified radio frequency magnetron co-sputtering. Images were taken by atomic force microscope, and scanning electron microscope clearly demonstrates a smooth surface profile, and Ge₁₋ₓSnₓ nano clusters are with the size of several tens of nanometers. Transmittance spectra were measured by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy that showed changing energy gaps with the variation in elementary composition. Calculation results by 8-band k.p method are consistent with measured gaps. Our deposition system realized direct growth of Ge₁₋ₓSnₓ thin film on GaAs (100) substrate by sputtering. This simple deposition method was modified to be able to grow high-quality photonic materials with tuneable energy gaps. This work provides an alternative and successful method for fabricating Group IV photonic semiconductor materials. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GeSn" title="GeSn">GeSn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crystal%20growth" title=" crystal growth"> crystal growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sputtering" title=" sputtering"> sputtering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photonic" title=" photonic"> photonic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96173/ge1sn-alloys-with-tuneable-energy-band-gap-on-gaas-100-substrate-manufactured-by-a-modified-magnetron-co-sputtering" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96173.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">144</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1937</span> Theoretical Study of Structural and Electronic Properties of Matlockite CaFX (X = I and Br) Compounds</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meriem%20Harmel">Meriem Harmel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Houari%20Khachai"> Houari Khachai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The full potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW)method within density functional theory is applied to study, for the first time, the structural and electronic properties of CaFI and to compare them with CaFCl and CaFBr, all compounds belonging to the tetragonal PbFCl structure group with space group P4/nmm. We used the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) based on exchange–correlation energy optimization to calculate the total energy and also the Engel– Vosko GGA formalism, which optimizes the corresponding potential for band structure calculations. Ground state properties such as the lattice parameters, c/a ratio, bulk modulus, pressure derivative of the bulk modulus and cohesive energy are calculated, as well as the optimized internal parameters, by relaxing the atomic position in the force directions. The variations of the calculated interatomic distances and angles between different atomic bonds are discussed. CaFCl was found to have a direct band gap at whereas CaFBr and BaFI have indirect band gaps. From these computed bands, all three materials are found to be insulators having band gaps of 6.28, 5.46, and 4.50 eV, respectively. We also calculated the valence charge density and the total density of states at equilibrium volume for each compound. The results are in reasonable agreement with the available experimental data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DFT" title="DFT">DFT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=matlockite" title=" matlockite"> matlockite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20properties" title=" structural properties"> structural properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electronic%20structure" title=" electronic structure"> electronic structure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40418/theoretical-study-of-structural-and-electronic-properties-of-matlockite-cafx-x-i-and-br-compounds" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40418.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">324</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1936</span> Design of Ka-Band Satellite Links in Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zulfajri%20Basri%20Hasanuddin">Zulfajri Basri Hasanuddin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is an increasing demand for broadband services in Indonesia. Therefore, the answer is the use of Ka-Band which has some advantages such as wider bandwidth, the higher transmission speeds, and smaller size of antenna in the ground. However, rain attenuation is the primary factor in the degradation of signal at the Kaband. In this paper, the author will determine whether the Ka-band frequency can be implemented in Indonesia which has high intensity of rainfall. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ka-band" title="Ka-band">Ka-band</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=link%20budget" title=" link budget"> link budget</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=link%20availability" title=" link availability"> link availability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BER" title=" BER"> BER</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eb%2FNo" title=" Eb/No"> Eb/No</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C%2FN" title=" C/N"> C/N</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7491/design-of-ka-band-satellite-links-in-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7491.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">422</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1935</span> Investigation of the Morphology and Optical Properties of CuAlO₂ Thin Film</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20M.%20Aminu">T. M. Aminu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Salisu"> A. Salisu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Abdu"> B. Abdu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20U.%20Alhassan"> H. U. Alhassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20H.%20Dharma"> T. H. Dharma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thin films of CuAlO2 were deposited on clean glass substrate using the chemical solution deposition (sol-gel) method of deposition with CuCl and AlCl3 taken as the starting materials. CuCl was dissolved in HCl while AlCl₃ in distilled water, pH value of the mixture was controlled by addition of NaOH. The samples were annealed at different temperatures in order to determine the effect of annealing temperatures on the morphological and optical properties of the deposited CuAlO₂ thin film. The surface morphology reveals an improved crystalline as annealing temperature increases. The results of the UV-vis and FT-IR spectrophotometry indicate that the absorbance for all the samples decreases sharply from a common value of about 89% at about 329 nm to a range of values of 56.2%-35.2% and the absorption / extinction coefficients of the films decrease with increase in annealing temperature from 1.58 x 10⁻⁶ to1.08 x 10⁻⁶ at about 1.14eV in the infrared region to about 1.93 x 10⁻⁶ to 1.29 x 10⁻⁶ at about 3.62eV in the visible region, the transmittance, reflectance and band gaps vary directly with annealing temperature, the deposited films were found to be suitable in optoelectronic applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=copper%20aluminium-oxide%20%28CuAlO2%29" title="copper aluminium-oxide (CuAlO2)">copper aluminium-oxide (CuAlO2)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=absorbance" title=" absorbance"> absorbance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transmittance" title=" transmittance"> transmittance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reflectance" title=" reflectance"> reflectance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=band%20gaps" title=" band gaps"> band gaps</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49351/investigation-of-the-morphology-and-optical-properties-of-cualo2-thin-film" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49351.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">294</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1934</span> Electronic and Optical Properties of Orthorhombic NdMnO3 with the Modified Becke-Johnson Potential</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Bouadjemi">B. Bouadjemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Bentata"> S. Bentata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Lantri"> T. Lantri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Abbad"> A. Abbad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Benstaali"> W. Benstaali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Zitouni"> A. Zitouni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Cherid"> S. Cherid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We investigate the electronic structure, magnetic and optical properties of the orthorhombic NdMnO3 through density-functional-theory (DFT) calculations using both generalized gradient approximation GGA and GGA+U approaches, the exchange and correlation effects are taken into account by an orbital independent modified Becke Johnson (MBJ). The predicted band gaps using the MBJ exchange approximation show a significant improvement over previous theoretical work with the common GGA and GGA+U very closer to the experimental results. Band gap dependent optical parameters like dielectric constant, index of refraction, absorption coefficient, reflectivity and conductivity are calculated and analyzed. We find that when using MBJ we have obtained better results for band gap of NdMnO3 than in the case of GGA and GGA+U. The values of band gap founded in this work by MBJ are in a very good agreement with corresponding experimental values compared to other calculations. This comprehensive theoretical study of the optoelectronic properties predicts that this material can be effectively used in optical devices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DFT" title="DFT">DFT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20properties" title=" optical properties"> optical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=absorption%20coefficient" title=" absorption coefficient"> absorption coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strong%20correlation" title=" strong correlation"> strong correlation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MBJ" title=" MBJ"> MBJ</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthorhombic%20NdMnO3" title=" orthorhombic NdMnO3"> orthorhombic NdMnO3</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optoelectronic" title=" optoelectronic"> optoelectronic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15712/electronic-and-optical-properties-of-orthorhombic-ndmno3-with-the-modified-becke-johnson-potential" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15712.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">909</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1933</span> Design Dual Band Band-Pass Filter by Using Stepped Impedance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fawzia%20Al-Sakeer">Fawzia Al-Sakeer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Aldeeb"> Hassan Aldeeb</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Development in the communications field is proceeding at an amazing speed, which has led researchers to improve and develop electronic circuits by increasing their efficiency and reducing their size to reduce the weight of electronic devices. One of the most important of these circuits is the band-pass filter, which is what made us carry out this research, which aims to use an alternate technology to design a dual band-pass filter by using a stepped impedance microstrip transmission line. We designed a filter that works at two center frequency bands by designing with the ADS program, and the results were excellent, as we obtained the two design frequencies, which are 1 and 3GHz, and the values of insertion loss S11, which was more than 21dB with a small area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=band%20pass%20filter" title="band pass filter">band pass filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual%20band%20band-pass%20filter" title=" dual band band-pass filter"> dual band band-pass filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ADS" title=" ADS"> ADS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstrip%20filter" title=" microstrip filter"> microstrip filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stepped%20impedance" title=" stepped impedance"> stepped impedance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177757/design-dual-band-band-pass-filter-by-using-stepped-impedance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177757.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">69</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1932</span> Dual Band Shared Aperture Antenna for 5G Communications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zunnurain%20Ahmad">Zunnurain Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work presents design of a dual band antenna for the 5G communications in the millimeter wave band. As opposed to conventional patch antennas which are limited to single narrow band operation a shared aperture concept is utilized for this antenna. The patch aperture is coupled through two rectangular slots etched on a thin printed circuit board (100μm). The patch is elevated in air thus avoiding excitation of surface waves and minimizing dielectric losses at millimeter wave frequencies. With this approach the radiator can cover lower band of 28 GHz and upper band of 37/ 39 GHz dedicated for the fifth generation communications. The simulated radiation efficiency of the antenna stays above 90%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antenna" title="antenna">antenna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=millimeter%20wave" title=" millimeter wave"> millimeter wave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=5G" title=" 5G"> 5G</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D" title=" 3D"> 3D</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184487/dual-band-shared-aperture-antenna-for-5g-communications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184487.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">61</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1931</span> Step Height Calibration Using Hamming Window: Band-Pass Filter</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dahi%20Ghareab%20Abdelsalam%20Ibrahim">Dahi Ghareab Abdelsalam Ibrahim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Calibration of step heights with high accuracy is needed for many applications in the industry. In general, step height consists of three bands: pass band, transition band (roll-off), and stop band. Abdelsalam used a convolution of the transfer functions of both Chebyshev type 2 and elliptic filters with WFF of the Fresnel transform in the frequency domain for producing a steeper roll-off with the removal of ripples in the pass band- and stop-bands. In this paper, we used a new method based on the Hamming window: band-pass filter for calibration of step heights in terms of perfect adjustment of pass-band, roll-off, and stop-band. The method is applied to calibrate a nominal step height of 40 cm. The step height is measured first by asynchronous dual-wavelength phase-shift interferometry. The measured step height is then calibrated by the simulation of the Hamming window: band-pass filter. The spectrum of the simulated band-pass filter is simulated at N = 881 and f0 = 0.24. We can conclude that the proposed method can calibrate any step height by adjusting only two factors which are N and f0. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20metrology" title="optical metrology">optical metrology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=step%20heights" title=" step heights"> step heights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hamming%20window" title=" hamming window"> hamming window</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=band-pass%20filter" title=" band-pass filter"> band-pass filter</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168134/step-height-calibration-using-hamming-window-band-pass-filter" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168134.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1930</span> Band Structure Computation of GaMnAs Using the Multiband k.p Theory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khadijah%20B.%20Alziyadi">Khadijah B. Alziyadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khawlh%20A.%20Alzubaidi"> Khawlh A. Alzubaidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amor%20M.%20Alsayari"> Amor M. Alsayari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, GaMnAs diluted magnetic semiconductors(DMSs) have received considerable attention because they combine semiconductor and magnetic properties. GaMnAs has been used as a model DMS and as a test bed for many concepts and functionalities of spintronic devices. In this paper, a theoretical study on the band structure ofGaMnAswill be presented. The model that we used in this study is the 8-band k.p methodwherespin-orbit interaction, spin splitting, and strain are considered. The band structure of GaMnAs will be calculated in different directions in the reciprocal space. The effect of manganese content on the GaMnAs band structure will be discussed. Also, the influence of strain, which varied continuously from tensile to compressive, on the different bands will be studied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=band%20structure" title="band structure">band structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diluted%20magnetic%20semiconductor" title=" diluted magnetic semiconductor"> diluted magnetic semiconductor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=k.p%20method" title=" k.p method"> k.p method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strain" title=" strain"> strain</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152997/band-structure-computation-of-gamnas-using-the-multiband-kp-theory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152997.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1929</span> Full Potential Calculation of Structural and Electronic Properties of Perovskite BiAlO3 and BiGaO3</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Harmel">M. Harmel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Khachai"> H. Khachai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The first principles within the full potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method were applied to study the structural and electronic properties of cubic perovskite-type compounds BiAlO3 and BiGaO3. The lattice constant, bulk modulus, its pressure derivative, band structure and density of states were obtained. The results show that BiGaO3 should exhibit higher hardness and stiffness than BiAlO3. The Al–O or Ga–O bonds are typically covalent with a strong hybridization as well as Bi–O ones that have a significant ionic character. Both materials are weakly ionic and exhibit wide and indirect band gaps, which are typical of insulators. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DFT" title="DFT">DFT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ab%20initio" title=" Ab initio"> Ab initio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electronic%20structure" title=" electronic structure"> electronic structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Perovskite%20structure" title=" Perovskite structure"> Perovskite structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferroelectrics" title=" ferroelectrics"> ferroelectrics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41169/full-potential-calculation-of-structural-and-electronic-properties-of-perovskite-bialo3-and-bigao3" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41169.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">397</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1928</span> Multi-Band Frequency Conversion Scheme with Multi-Phase Shift Based on Optical Frequency Comb</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tao%20Lin">Tao Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shanghong%20Zhao"> Shanghong Zhao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yufu%20Yin"> Yufu Yin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zihang%20Zhu"> Zihang Zhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei%20Jiang"> Wei Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xuan%20Li"> Xuan Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qiurong%20Zheng"> Qiurong Zheng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A simple operated, stable and compact multi-band frequency conversion and multi-phase shift is proposed to satisfy the demands of multi-band communication and radar phase array system. The dual polarization quadrature phase shift keying (DP-QPSK) modulator is employed to support the LO sideband and the optical frequency comb simultaneously. Meanwhile, the fiber is also used to introduce different phase shifts to different sidebands. The simulation result shows that by controlling the DC bias voltages and a C band microwave signal with frequency of 4.5 GHz can be simultaneously converted into other signals that cover from C band to K band with multiple phases. It also verifies that the multi-band and multi-phase frequency conversion system can be stably performed based on current manufacturing art and can well cope with the DC drifting. It should be noted that the phase shift of the converted signal also partly depends of the length of the optical fiber. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microwave%20photonics" title="microwave photonics">microwave photonics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-band%20frequency%20conversion" title=" multi-band frequency conversion"> multi-band frequency conversion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-phase%20shift" title=" multi-phase shift"> multi-phase shift</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conversion%20efficiency" title=" conversion efficiency"> conversion efficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96199/multi-band-frequency-conversion-scheme-with-multi-phase-shift-based-on-optical-frequency-comb" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96199.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">254</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1927</span> Dual Band Antenna Design with Compact Radiator for 2.5/5.2/5.8 Ghz Wlan Application Using Genetic Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramnath%20Narhete">Ramnath Narhete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saket%20Pandey"> Saket Pandey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Puran%20Gour"> Puran Gour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents of dual-band planner antenna with a compact radiator for 2.4/5.2/5.8 proposed by optimizing its resonant frequency, Bandwidth of operation and radiation frequency using the genetic algorithm. The antenna consists L-shaped and E-shaped radiating element to generate two resonant modes for dual band operation. The above techniques have been successfully used in many applications. Dual band antenna with the compact radiator for 2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz WLAN application design and radiator size only width 8mm and a length is 11.3 mm. The antenna can we used for various application in the field of communication. Genetic algorithm will be used to design the antenna and impedance matching network. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithm" title="genetic algorithm">genetic algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual-band%20E" title=" dual-band E"> dual-band E</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual-band%20L" title=" dual-band L"> dual-band L</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WLAN" title=" WLAN"> WLAN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compact%20radiator" title=" compact radiator"> compact radiator</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28512/dual-band-antenna-design-with-compact-radiator-for-255258-ghz-wlan-application-using-genetic-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28512.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">579</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1926</span> Polarization Insensitive Absorber with Increased Bandwidth Using Multilayer Metamaterial</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Srilaxmi%20Gangula">Srilaxmi Gangula</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MahaLakshmi%20Vinukonda"> MahaLakshmi Vinukonda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neeraj%20Rao"> Neeraj Rao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A wide band polarization insensitive metamaterial absorber with bandwidth enhancement in X and C band is proposed. The structure proposed here consists of a periodic unit cell of resonator arrangements in double layer. The proposed structure shows near unity absorption at frequencies of 6.21 GHz and 10.372 GHz spreading over a bandwidth of 1 GHz and 6.21 GHz respectively in X and C bands. The proposed metamaterial absorber is designed so as to increase the bandwidth. The proposed structure is also independent for TE and TM polarization. Because of its simple implementation, near unity absorption and wide bandwidth this dual band polarization insensitive metamaterial absorber can be used for EMI/EMC applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=absorber" title="absorber">absorber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C-band" title=" C-band"> C-band</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metamaterial" title=" metamaterial"> metamaterial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilayer" title=" multilayer"> multilayer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=X-band" title=" X-band "> X-band </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124968/polarization-insensitive-absorber-with-increased-bandwidth-using-multilayer-metamaterial" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124968.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1925</span> Effect of Band Application of Organic Manures on Growth and Yield of Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20B.%20Kalaghatagi">S. B. Kalaghatagi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20K.%20Guggari"> A. K. Guggari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pallavi%20S.%20Manikashetti"> Pallavi S. Manikashetti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A field experiment to study the effect of band application of organic manures on growth and yield of pigeon pea was conducted during 2016-17 at Kharif Seed Farm, College of Agriculture, Vijayapura. The experiment was carried out in randomized block design with thirteen treatments viz., T1 to T6 were band application of vermicompost at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 t ha⁻¹, respectively. The treatments T7 to T12 include band application of sieved FYM at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 t ha⁻¹, respectively and were compared with already recommended practice of broadcasting of FYM at 6 t ha⁻¹ (T13); and recommended dose of fertilizer (25:50:0 NPK kg ha⁻¹) was applied commonly to all the treatments. The results revealed that band application of vermicompost (VC) at 3 t ha⁻¹ recorded significantly higher number of pods plant⁻¹ (116), grain weight plant⁻¹ (37.35 g), grain yield (1,647 kg ha⁻¹), stalk yield (2,920 kg ha⁻¹) and harvest index (0.36) and was on par with the band application of VC at 2.0 and 2.5 t ha⁻¹ and sieved FYM at 4.0 and 5.0 t ha⁻¹ as compared to broadcasting of FYM at 6 t ha-1 (99.33, 24.07 g, 1,061 kg ha⁻¹, 2,920 kg ha⁻¹ and 0.36, respectively). Significantly higher net return (Rupees 59,410 ha⁻¹) and benefit cost ratio of 2.92 recorded with band application of VC at 3 t ha⁻¹ over broadcasting of FYM at 6 tonnes per ha (Rupees 25,401 ha⁻¹ and 1.78, respectively). It indicates from the above results that, growing of pigeon pea with band application of VC at 2, 2.5 and 3 t ha⁻¹ and sieved FYM at 4 and 5 t ha⁻¹ leads to saving of 1 tonne of VC and 2 tonnes of FYM per ha. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20manures" title="organic manures">organic manures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rainfed%20pigeonpea" title=" rainfed pigeonpea"> rainfed pigeonpea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sieved%20FYM" title=" sieved FYM"> sieved FYM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vermicompost" title=" vermicompost"> vermicompost</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82804/effect-of-band-application-of-organic-manures-on-growth-and-yield-of-pigeonpea-cajanus-cajan-l-millsp" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82804.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">212</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1924</span> Depiction of a Circulated Double Psi-Shaped Microstrip Antenna for Ku-Band Satellite Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Naimur%20Rahman">M. Naimur Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Tariqul%20Islam"> Mohammad Tariqul Islam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mandeep%20Singh%20Jit%20Singh"> Mandeep Singh Jit Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norbahiah%20Misran"> Norbahiah Misran</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the architecture and exploration of a compact, circulated double Psi-shaped microstrip patch antenna for Ku-band satellite applications. The antenna is composed of the double Psi-shaped patch in opposite focus which is circulated with a ring. The antenna size is 24 mm × 18 mm and the prototype is imprinted on Rogers RT/duroid 5880 materials with the depth of 1.57 mm. The substrate has a relative permittivity of 2.2 and the dielectric constant of 0.0009. The excitation is supplied through a 50Ω microstrip line. The performance of the presented antenna has been simulated and verified with the High-Frequency Structural Simulator (HFSS). The results depict that the antenna covers the frequency spectrum 14.6 - 17.4 GHz (Ku-band) with 10 dB return loss. The antenna has a 4.40 dBi maximum gain with stable radiation patterns throughout the operating band which makes the proposed antenna compatible for the satellite application in Ku-band. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ku-band%20antenna" title="Ku-band antenna">Ku-band antenna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstrip%20antenna" title=" microstrip antenna"> microstrip antenna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psi-shaped%20antenna" title=" psi-shaped antenna"> psi-shaped antenna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=satellite%20applications" title=" satellite applications"> satellite applications</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91475/depiction-of-a-circulated-double-psi-shaped-microstrip-antenna-for-ku-band-satellite-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91475.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">309</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1923</span> Electronic and Optical Properties of Li₂S Antifluorite Material</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brahim%20Bahloul">Brahim Bahloul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khatir%20Babesse"> Khatir Babesse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azzedine%20Dkhira"> Azzedine Dkhira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yacine%20Bahloul"> Yacine Bahloul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dalila%20Hammoutene"> Dalila Hammoutene</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we investigate with ab initio calculations some structural and optoelectronic properties of Li₂S compound. The structural and electronic properties of the Li₂S antifluorite structure have been studied by first-principles calculations within the density functional theory (DFT), whereas the optical properties have been obtained using empirical relationships such as the modified Moss relation. Our calculated lattice parameters are in good agreement with the experimental data and other theoretical calculations. The electronic band structures and density of states were obtained. The anti-fluorite Li₂S present an indirect band gap of 3.388 eV at equilibrium. The top of the valence bands reflects the p electronic character for both structures. The calculated energy gaps and optical constants are in good agreement with experimental measurements. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ab%20initio%20calculations" title="Ab initio calculations">Ab initio calculations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antifluorite" title=" antifluorite"> antifluorite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electronic%20properties" title=" electronic properties"> electronic properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20properties" title=" optical properties"> optical properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92204/electronic-and-optical-properties-of-li2s-antifluorite-material" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92204.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">290</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1922</span> Proximity-Inset Fed Triple Band Antenna for Global Position System with High Gain</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=The%20Nan%20Chang">The Nan Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ping-Tang%20Yu"> Ping-Tang Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jyun-Ming%20Lin"> Jyun-Ming Lin </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A triple band circularly polarized antenna covering 1.17, 1.22, and 1.57 GHz is presented. To extend to the triple-band operation, we need to add one more ring while maintaining the mechanism to independently control each ring. The inset-part in the feeding scheme is used to excite the band at 1.22 GHz, while the proximate-part of the feeding scheme is used to excite not only the band at 1.57 GHz but also the band at 1.17 GHz. This is achieved by up-vertically coupled with one ring to radiate at 1.57 GHz and down-vertically coupled another ring to radiate at 1.17 GHz. It is also noted that the inset-part in our feeding scheme is by horizontal coupling. Furthermore, to increase the gain at all three bands, three air-layers are added to make the total height of the antenna be 7.8 mm. The total thickness of the three air-layers is 3 mm. The gains of the three bands are all greater than 5 dBiC after adding the air-layers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circular%20polarization" title="circular polarization">circular polarization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20position%20system" title=" global position system"> global position system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20gain" title=" high gain"> high gain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=triband%20antenna" title=" triband antenna"> triband antenna</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91482/proximity-inset-fed-triple-band-antenna-for-global-position-system-with-high-gain" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91482.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">237</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1921</span> Optimization of a Hand-Fan Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna by Means of Orthogonal Design Method of Design of Experiments for L-Band and S-Band Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaswinder%20Kaur">Jaswinder Kaur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nitika"> Nitika</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Navneet%20Kaur"> Navneet Kaur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajesh%20Khanna"> Rajesh Khanna</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A hand-fan shaped microstrip patch antenna (MPA) for L-band and S-band applications is designed, and its characteristics have been reconnoitered. The proposed microstrip patch antenna with double U-slot defected ground structure (DGS) is fabricated on an FR4 substrate which is a very readily available and inexpensive material. The suggested antenna is optimized using Orthogonal Design Method (ODM) of Design of Experiments (DOE) to cover the frequency range from 0.91-2.82 GHz for L-band and S-band applications. The L-band covers the frequency range of 1-2 GHz, which is allocated to telemetry, aeronautical, and military systems for passive satellite sensors, weather radars, radio astronomy, and mobile communication. The S-band covers the frequency range of 2-3 GHz, which is used by weather radars, surface ship radars and communication satellites and is also reserved for various wireless applications such as Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (Wi-MAX), super high frequency radio frequency identification (SHF RFID), industrial, scientific and medical bands (ISM), Bluetooth, wireless broadband (Wi-Bro) and wireless local area network (WLAN). The proposed method of optimization is very time efficient and accurate as compared to the conventional evolutionary algorithms due to its statistical strategy. Moreover, the antenna is tested, followed by the comparison of simulated and measured results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20of%20experiments" title="design of experiments">design of experiments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hand%20fan%20shaped%20MPA" title=" hand fan shaped MPA"> hand fan shaped MPA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L-Band" title=" L-Band"> L-Band</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthogonal%20design%20method" title=" orthogonal design method"> orthogonal design method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S-Band" title=" S-Band"> S-Band</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109582/optimization-of-a-hand-fan-shaped-microstrip-patch-antenna-by-means-of-orthogonal-design-method-of-design-of-experiments-for-l-band-and-s-band-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109582.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1920</span> Study υ_4 Fundamental Band of 12 CD4 Molecule</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaarour%20Abdelkrim">Kaarour Abdelkrim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ouardi%20Okkacha"> Ouardi Okkacha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meskine%20Mohamed"> Meskine Mohamed </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, the υ_4 fundamental band of 12CD4 molecule has been studied by infrared spectroscopy with high resolution. Using XTDS and SPEVIEW software and the tensor formalism developed by ICB (laboratoire interdisciplinaire de Bourgogne) to several lines have been assigned and fitted with a standard deviation acceptable. This analysis allowed us to calculate several parameters of the molecule 12 CD4. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=XTDS" title="XTDS">XTDS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SPEVIEW" title=" SPEVIEW"> SPEVIEW</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tetrahedral%20tensorial%20formalism" title=" tetrahedral tensorial formalism"> tetrahedral tensorial formalism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rovibrational%20band" title=" rovibrational band "> rovibrational band </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19575/study-i-4-fundamental-band-of-12-cd4-molecule" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19575.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1919</span> An Efficient Separation for Convolutive Mixtures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salah%20Al-Din%20I.%20Badran">Salah Al-Din I. Badran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samad%20Ahmadi"> Samad Ahmadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dylan%20Menzies"> Dylan Menzies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ismail%20Shahin"> Ismail Shahin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper describes a new efficient blind source separation method; in this method we use a non-uniform filter bank and a new structure with different sub-bands. This method provides a reduced permutation and increased convergence speed comparing to the full-band algorithm. Recently, some structures have been suggested to deal with two problems: reducing permutation and increasing the speed of convergence of the adaptive algorithm for correlated input signals. The permutation problem is avoided with the use of adaptive filters of orders less than the full-band adaptive filter, which operate at a sampling rate lower than the sampling rate of the input signal. The decomposed signals by analysis bank filter are less correlated in each sub-band than the input signal at full-band, and can promote better rates of convergence. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Blind%20source%20separation" title="Blind source separation">Blind source separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=estimates" title=" estimates"> estimates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=full-band" title=" full-band"> full-band</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixtures" title=" mixtures"> mixtures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sub-band" title=" sub-band"> sub-band</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8254/an-efficient-separation-for-convolutive-mixtures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8254.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">445</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1918</span> Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides for Photodetection and Biosensing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariam%20Badmus">Mariam Badmus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bothina%20Manasreh"> Bothina Manasreh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have gained significant attention as two-dimensional (2D) materials due to their intrinsic band gaps and unique properties, which make them ideal candidates for electronic and photonic applications. Unlike graphene, which lacks a band gap, TMDs (MX₂, where M is a transition metal and X is a chalcogen such as sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) exhibit semiconductor behavior and can be exfoliated into monolayers, enhancing their properties. The properties of these materials are investigated using density functional theory, a quantum mechanical computational method to solve Schrodinger equation for many body problems to calculate electron density of the atoms involved on which the energy and properties of a system depend. They show promise for use in photodetectors, biosensors, memory devices, and other technologies in communications, health, and energy sectors. In particular, metallic TMDs, which lack an intrinsic band gap, benefit from doping with transition metals, this improves their electronic and optical properties. Doping monolayer TMDs yields more significant improvements than doping bulk materials. Notably, doping with metals such as vanadium enhances the magnetization of TMDs, expanding their potential applications in spintronics. This work highlights the effects of doping on TMDs and explores strategies for optimizing their performance for advanced technological applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concentration" title="concentration">concentration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=doping" title=" doping"> doping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetization" title=" magnetization"> magnetization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monolayer" title=" monolayer"> monolayer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193868/two-dimensional-transition-metal-dichalcogenides-for-photodetection-and-biosensing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193868.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">11</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1917</span> A Case Study on Tension Drop of Cable-band Bolts in Suspension Bridge</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sihyun%20Park">Sihyun Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyunwoo%20Kim"> Hyunwoo Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wooyoung%20Jung"> Wooyoung Jung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dongwoo%20You"> Dongwoo You</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Regular maintenance works are very important on the axial forces of the cable-band bolts in suspension bridges. The band bolts show stress reduction for several reasons, including cable wire creep, the bolt relaxation, load fluctuation and cable rearrangements, etc., with time. In this study, with respect to the stress reduction that occurs over time, we carried out the theoretical review of the main cause based on the field measurements. As a result, the main cause of reduction in the cable-band bolt axial force was confirmed by the plastic deformation of the zinc plating layer used in the main cable wire, and thus, the theoretical process was established for the practical use in the field. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cable-band%20Bolts" title="cable-band Bolts">cable-band Bolts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=field%20test" title=" field test"> field test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maintenance" title=" maintenance"> maintenance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stress%20reduction" title=" stress reduction"> stress reduction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36196/a-case-study-on-tension-drop-of-cable-band-bolts-in-suspension-bridge" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36196.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">332</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1916</span> Ab Initio Study of Electronic Structure and Transport of Graphyne and Graphdiyne</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zeljko%20Crljen">Zeljko Crljen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Predrag%20Lazic"> Predrag Lazic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Graphene has attracted a tremendous interest in the field of nanoelectronics and spintronics due to its exceptional electronic properties. However, pristine graphene has no band gap, a feature needed in building some of the electronic elements. Recently, a growing attention has been given to a class of carbon allotropes of graphene with honeycomb structures, in particular to graphyne and graphdiyne. They are characterized with a single and double acetylene bonding chains respectively, connecting the nearest-neighbor hexagonal rings. With an electron density comparable to that of graphene and a prominent gap in electronic band structures they appear as promising materials for nanoelectronic components. We studied the electronic structure and transport of infinite sheets of graphyne and graphdiyne and compared them with graphene. The method based on the non-equilibrium Green functions and density functional theory has been used in order to obtain a full ab initio self-consistent description of the transport current with different electrochemical bias potentials. The current/voltage (I/V) characteristics show a semi-conducting behavior with prominent nonlinearities at higher voltages. The calculated band gaps are 0.52V and 0.59V, respectively, and the effective masses are considerably smaller compared to typical semiconductors. We analyzed the results in terms of transmission eigenchannels and showed that the difference in conductance is directly related to the difference of the internal structure of the allotropes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electronic%20transport" title="electronic transport">electronic transport</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphene-like%20structures" title=" graphene-like structures"> graphene-like structures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoelectronics" title=" nanoelectronics"> nanoelectronics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=two-dimensional%20materials" title=" two-dimensional materials"> two-dimensional materials</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72919/ab-initio-study-of-electronic-structure-and-transport-of-graphyne-and-graphdiyne" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72919.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">189</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1915</span> Design of Compact Dual-Band Planar Antenna for WLAN Systems </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anil%20Kumar%20Pandey">Anil Kumar Pandey</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A compact planar monopole antenna with dual-band operation suitable for wireless local area network (WLAN) application is presented in this paper. The antenna occupies an overall area of 18 ×12 mm<sup>2</sup>. The antenna is fed by a coplanar waveguide (CPW) transmission line and it combines two folded strips, which radiates at 2.4 and 5.2 GHz. In the proposed antenna, by optimally selecting the antenna dimensions, dual-band resonant modes with a much wider impedance matching at the higher band can be produced. Prototypes of the obtained optimized design have been simulated using EM solver. The simulated results explore good dual-band operation with -10 dB impedance bandwidths of 50 MHz and 2400 MHz at bands of 2.4 and 5.2 GHz, respectively, which cover the 2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz WLAN operating bands. Good antenna performances such as radiation patterns and antenna gains over the operating bands have also been observed. The antenna with a compact size of 18×12×1.6 mm<sup>3</sup> is designed on an FR4 substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.4. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CPW%20antenna" title="CPW antenna">CPW antenna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual-band" title=" dual-band"> dual-band</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electromagnetic%20simulation" title=" electromagnetic simulation"> electromagnetic simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20local%20area%20network%20%28WLAN%29" title=" wireless local area network (WLAN)"> wireless local area network (WLAN)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85699/design-of-compact-dual-band-planar-antenna-for-wlan-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85699.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">209</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1914</span> Effects of Position and Shape of Atomic Defects on the Band Gap of Graphene Nano-Ribbon Superlattices</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zeinab%20Jokar">Zeinab Jokar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Reza%20Moslemi"> Mohammad Reza Moslemi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, we study the behavior of introducing atomic size vacancy in a graphene nanoribbon superlattice. Our investigations are based on the density functional theory (DFT) with the Local Density Approximation in Atomistix Toolkit (ATK). We show that, in addition to its shape, the position of vacancy has a major impact on the electrical properties of a graphene nanoribbon superlattice. We show that the band gap of an armchair graphene nanoribbon may be tuned by introducing an appropriate periodic pattern of vacancies. The band gap changes in a zig-zag manner similar to the variation of the band gap of a graphene nanoribbon by changing its width. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AGNR" title="AGNR">AGNR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antidot" title=" antidot"> antidot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atomistic%20toolKit" title=" atomistic toolKit"> atomistic toolKit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vacancy" title=" vacancy"> vacancy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20917/effects-of-position-and-shape-of-atomic-defects-on-the-band-gap-of-graphene-nano-ribbon-superlattices" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20917.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1006</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1913</span> Using Diagnostic Assessment as a Learning and Teaching Approach to Identify Learning Gaps at a Polytechnic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vijayan%20Narayananayar">Vijayan Narayananayar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Identifying learning gaps is crucial in ensuring learners have the necessary knowledge and skills to succeed. The Learning and Teaching (L&T) approach requires tutors to identify gaps in knowledge and improvise learning activities to close them. One approach to identifying learning gaps is through diagnostic assessment, which uses well-structured questions and answer options. The paper focuses on the use of diagnostic assessment as a learning and teaching approach in a foundational module at a polytechnic. The study used diagnostic assessment over two semesters, including the COVID and post-COVID semesters, to identify gaps in learning. The design of the diagnostic activity, pedagogical intervention, and survey responses completed by learners were analyzed. Results showed that diagnostic assessment can be an effective tool for identifying learning gaps and designing interventions to address them. Additionally, the use of diagnostic assessment provides an opportunity for tutors to engage with learners on a one-to-one basis, tailoring teaching to individual needs. The paper also discusses the design of diagnostic questions and answer options, including characteristics that need to be considered in achieving the target of identifying learning gaps. The implications of using diagnostic assessment as a learning and teaching approach include bridging the gap between theory and practice, and ensuring learners are equipped with skills necessary for their future careers. This paper can be useful in helping educators and practitioners to incorporate diagnostic assessment into their L&T approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assessment" title="assessment">assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20%26%20teaching" title=" learning & teaching"> learning & teaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagnostic%20assessment" title=" diagnostic assessment"> diagnostic assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analytics" title=" analytics"> analytics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164580/using-diagnostic-assessment-as-a-learning-and-teaching-approach-to-identify-learning-gaps-at-a-polytechnic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164580.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">111</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1912</span> Engineering a Band Gap Opening in Dirac Cones on Graphene/Tellurium Heterostructures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beatriz%20Mu%C3%B1iz%20Cano">Beatriz Muñiz Cano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Ripoll%20Sau"> J. Ripoll Sau</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Pacile"> D. Pacile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20M.%20Sheverdyaeva"> P. M. Sheverdyaeva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Moras"> P. Moras</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Camarero"> J. Camarero</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Miranda"> R. Miranda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Garnica"> M. Garnica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Valbuena"> M. A. Valbuena</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Graphene, in its pristine state, is a semiconductor with a zero band gap and massless Dirac fermions carriers, which conducts electrons like a metal. Nevertheless, the absence of a bandgap makes it impossible to control the material’s electrons, something that is essential to perform on-off switching operations in transistors. Therefore, it is necessary to generate a finite gap in the energy dispersion at the Dirac point. Intense research has been developed to engineer band gaps while preserving the exceptional properties of graphene, and different strategies have been proposed, among them, quantum confinement of 1D nanoribbons or the introduction of super periodic potential in graphene. Besides, in the context of developing new 2D materials and Van der Waals heterostructures, with new exciting emerging properties, as 2D transition metal chalcogenides monolayers, it is fundamental to know any possible interaction between chalcogenide atoms and graphene-supporting substrates. In this work, we report on a combined Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM), Low Energy Electron Diffraction (LEED), and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy (ARPES) study on a new superstructure when Te is evaporated (and intercalated) onto graphene over Ir(111). This new superstructure leads to the electronic doping of the Dirac cone while the linear dispersion of massless Dirac fermions is preserved. Very interestingly, our ARPES measurements evidence a large band gap (~400 meV) at the Dirac point of graphene Dirac cones below but close to the Fermi level. We have also observed signatures of the Dirac point binding energy being tuned (upwards or downwards) as a function of Te coverage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=angle%20resolved%20photoemission%20spectroscopy" title="angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy">angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ARPES" title=" ARPES"> ARPES</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphene" title=" graphene"> graphene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spintronics" title=" spintronics"> spintronics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spin-orbitronics" title=" spin-orbitronics"> spin-orbitronics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2D%20materials" title=" 2D materials"> 2D materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transition%20metal%20dichalcogenides" title=" transition metal dichalcogenides"> transition metal dichalcogenides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TMDCs" title=" TMDCs"> TMDCs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TMDs" title=" TMDs"> TMDs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LEED" title=" LEED"> LEED</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=STM" title=" STM"> STM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20materials" title=" quantum materials"> quantum materials</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146640/engineering-a-band-gap-opening-in-dirac-cones-on-graphenetellurium-heterostructures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146640.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">79</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1911</span> Design and Analysis of a New Dual-Band Microstrip Fractal Antenna</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Zahraoui">I. Zahraoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Terhzaz"> J. Terhzaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Errkik"> A. Errkik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=El.%20H.%20Abdelmounim"> El. H. Abdelmounim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Tajmouati"> A. Tajmouati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Abdellaoui"> L. Abdellaoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Ababssi"> N. Ababssi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Latrach"> M. Latrach </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a novel design of a microstrip fractal antenna based on the use of Sierpinski triangle shape, it’s designed and simulated by using FR4 substrate in the operating frequency bands (GPS, WiMAX), the design is a fractal antenna with a modified ground structure. The proposed antenna is simulated and validated by using CST Microwave Studio Software, the simulated results presents good performances in term of radiation pattern and matching input impedance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual-band%20antenna" title="dual-band antenna">dual-band antenna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractal%20antenna" title=" fractal antenna"> fractal antenna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GPS%20band" title=" GPS band"> GPS band</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modified%20ground%20structure" title=" modified ground structure"> modified ground structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sierpinski%20triangle" title=" sierpinski triangle"> sierpinski triangle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WiMAX%20band" title=" WiMAX band"> WiMAX band</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16899/design-and-analysis-of-a-new-dual-band-microstrip-fractal-antenna" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16899.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">445</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=band%20gaps&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=band%20gaps&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=band%20gaps&page=4">4</a></li> <li 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