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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dane_astronomiczne"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Dane astronomiczne</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dane_astronomiczne-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Supernowe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Supernowe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Supernowe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Supernowe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oznaczenia_alternatywne" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oznaczenia_alternatywne"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Oznaczenia alternatywne</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oznaczenia_alternatywne-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zobacz_też" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zobacz_też"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Zobacz też</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zobacz_też-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Przypisy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Przypisy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Przypisy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Przypisy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Linki_zewnętrzne" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Linki_zewnętrzne"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Linki zewnętrzne</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Linki_zewnętrzne-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Spis treści" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Przełącz stan spisu treści" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Przełącz stan spisu treści</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Messier 84</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Przejdź do artykułu w innym języku. Treść dostępna w 53 językach" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-53" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">53 języki</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_84" title="Messier 84 – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Messier 84" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%87_84" title="مسييه 84 – arabski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مسييه 84" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxa_lenticular_M84" title="Galaxa lenticular M84 – asturyjski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Galaxa lenticular M84" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/M_84" title="M 84 – azerbejdżański" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="M 84" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbejdżański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_84" title="Messier 84 – minnański" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Messier 84" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/M84_(%D0%B0%D0%B1%E2%80%99%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%B5)" title="M84 (аб’ект Месье) – białoruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="M84 (аб’ект Месье)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="białoruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/M84" title="M84 – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="M84" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/M84" title="M84 – bułgarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="M84" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bułgarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_84" title="Messier 84 – bośniacki" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Messier 84" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bośniacki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_84" title="Messier 84 – kataloński" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Messier 84" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="kataloński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_84" title="Messier 84 – czeski" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Messier 84" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="czeski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/M84" title="M84 – korsykański" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="M84" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="korsykański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_84" title="Messier 84 – niemiecki" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Messier 84" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="niemiecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_84" title="Messier 84 – estoński" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Messier 84" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%AD_84" title="Μεσιέ 84 – grecki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μεσιέ 84" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_84" title="Messier 84 – angielski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Messier 84" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angielski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxia_lenticular_M84" title="Galaxia lenticular M84 – hiszpański" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Galaxia lenticular M84" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hiszpański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/M84" title="M84 – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="M84" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_84" title="Messier 84 – baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Messier 84" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%87_%DB%B8%DB%B4" title="مسیه ۸۴ – perski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مسیه ۸۴" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M84_(galaxie)" title="M84 (galaxie) – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="M84 (galaxie)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A9%94%EC%8B%9C%EC%97%90_84" title="메시에 84 – koreański" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="메시에 84" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_84" title="Messier 84 – chorwacki" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Messier 84" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorwacki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_84" title="Messier 84 – indonezyjski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Messier 84" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/M84_(astronomia)" title="M84 (astronomia) – włoski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="M84 (astronomia)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="włoski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/M84" title="M84 – hebrajski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="M84" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_84" title="Messier 84 – luksemburski" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Messier 84" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luksemburski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesj%C4%97_84" title="Mesjė 84 – litewski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Mesjė 84" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litewski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_84" title="Messier 84 – węgierski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Messier 84" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="węgierski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%98%D0%B5_84" title="Месје 84 – macedoński" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Месје 84" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_4374" title="NGC 4374 – malgaski" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="NGC 4374" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%87_%DB%B8%DB%B4" title="مسیه ۸۴ – mazanderański" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="مسیه ۸۴" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_84" title="Messier 84 – niderlandzki" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Messier 84" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="niderlandzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/M84_(%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93)" title="M84 (天体) – japoński" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="M84 (天体)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_4374" title="NGC 4374 – czeczeński" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="NGC 4374" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="czeczeński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_84" title="Messier 84 – norweski (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Messier 84" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norweski (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_84" title="Messier 84 – oksytański" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Messier 84" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksytański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_84" title="Messier 84 – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Messier 84" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_84" title="Messier 84 – rumuński" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Messier 84" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumuński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/M_84_(%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="M 84 (галактика) – rosyjski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="M 84 (галактика)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rosyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_84" title="Messier 84 – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Messier 84" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_84" title="Messier 84 – słowacki" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Messier 84" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="słowacki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%98%D0%B5_84" title="Месје 84 – serbski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Месје 84" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_84" title="Messier 84 – serbsko-chorwacki" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Messier 84" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbsko-chorwacki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_84" title="Messier 84 – fiński" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Messier 84" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_84" title="Messier 84 – szwedzki" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Messier 84" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="szwedzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_4374" title="NGC 4374 – tatarski" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="NGC 4374" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_84" title="Messier 84 – turecki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Messier 84" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D1%8C%D1%94_84" title="Мессьє 84 – ukraiński" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мессьє 84" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_84" title="Messier 84 – wietnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Messier 84" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="wietnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/M84" title="M84 – kantoński" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="M84" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_4374" title="NGC 4374 – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="NGC 4374" 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class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Wygląd"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Wygląd</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">przypnij</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ukryj</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span class="coordinates plainlinks"><a href="/wiki/Uk%C5%82ad_wsp%C3%B3%C5%82rz%C4%99dnych_astronomicznych" title="Układ współrzędnych astronomicznych">Współrzędne</a>: <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomia" title="Astronomia"><img alt="Astronomia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Q_space.svg/25px-Q_space.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Q_space.svg/38px-Q_space.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Q_space.svg/50px-Q_space.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="820" data-file-height="740" /></a></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sky-map.org/?zoom=5&show_grid=1&show_constellation_lines=1&show_constellation_boundaries=1&show_const_names=0&show_galaxies=1&show_box=1&ra=12%2025%2003.743&de=+12%2053%2013.14&box_width=50&box_height=50">12<sup>h</sup>25<sup>m</sup>03,743<sup>s</sup>; +12°53′13,14″</a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Z Wikipedii, wolnej encyklopedii</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="pl" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox"> <caption class="naglowek" style="background-color:#99c9e6; color:#000000;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r65781301">.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex{display:flex;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:center;gap:4px}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex>.iboxt-ikona{flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:0;font-size:7px;max-width:40px;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex>.iboxt-tekst{flex-grow:1}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-1{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-2{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-3{font-style:italic;font-size:90%}</style><div class="iboxt-1">Messier 84</div> </caption> <tbody><tr class="grafika iboxs"> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Plik:Messier_84_nucleus_Hubble.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Galaktyka M84 w zbliżeniu, zdjęcie Teleskopu Hubble’a"><img alt="Ilustracja" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Messier_84_nucleus_Hubble.jpg/232px-Messier_84_nucleus_Hubble.jpg" decoding="async" width="232" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Messier_84_nucleus_Hubble.jpg/347px-Messier_84_nucleus_Hubble.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Messier_84_nucleus_Hubble.jpg/463px-Messier_84_nucleus_Hubble.jpg 2x" data-file-width="633" data-file-height="656" /></a></span><br />Galaktyka M84 w zbliżeniu, zdjęcie <a href="/wiki/Kosmiczny_Teleskop_Hubble%E2%80%99a" title="Kosmiczny Teleskop Hubble’a">Teleskopu Hubble’a</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Odkrywca </th> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Charles_Messier" title="Charles Messier">Charles Messier</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Data odkrycia </th> <td> <p>18 marca 1781 </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:#99c9e6; color:black; text-align:center; padding:3px;"><b>Dane obserwacyjne (J2000)</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Gwiazdozbi%C3%B3r" title="Gwiazdozbiór">Gwiazdozbiór</a> </th> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Gwiazdozbi%C3%B3r_Panny" title="Gwiazdozbiór Panny">Panna</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Galaktyka#Typy_galaktyk" title="Galaktyka">Typ</a> </th> <td> <p>S0 </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Rektascensja" title="Rektascensja">Rektascensja</a> </th> <td> <p>12<sup>h</sup> 25<sup>m</sup> 03,743<sup>s</sup><sup id="cite_ref-simbad_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-simbad-1">[1]</a></sup> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Deklinacja_(astronomia)" title="Deklinacja (astronomia)">Deklinacja</a> </th> <td> <p>+12° 53′ 13,14″<sup id="cite_ref-simbad_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-simbad-1">[1]</a></sup> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Pomiary_odleg%C5%82o%C5%9Bci_(kosmologia)" title="Pomiary odległości (kosmologia)">Odległość</a> </th> <td> <p>60 mln <a href="/wiki/Rok_%C5%9Bwietlny" title="Rok świetlny">ly</a> (18,4 <a href="/wiki/Parsek" title="Parsek">Mpc</a>) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Przesuni%C4%99cie_ku_czerwieni" title="Przesunięcie ku czerwieni">Przesunięcie ku czerwieni</a> </th> <td> <p>0,003369<sup id="cite_ref-simbad_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-simbad-1">[1]</a></sup> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Obserwowana_wielko%C5%9B%C4%87_gwiazdowa" title="Obserwowana wielkość gwiazdowa">Jasność obserwowana</a> </th> <td> <p>9,1<sup><a href="/wiki/Wielko%C5%9B%C4%87_gwiazdowa" title="Wielkość gwiazdowa">m</a></sup> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Rozmiar_k%C4%85towy" title="Rozmiar kątowy">Rozmiary kątowe</a> </th> <td> <p>6,5′ × 5,6′ </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:#99c9e6; color:black; text-align:center; padding:3px;"><b>Charakterystyka fizyczna</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Wymiary </th> <td> <p>113 × 97 tys. <a href="/wiki/Rok_%C5%9Bwietlny" title="Rok świetlny">ly</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:#99c9e6; color:black; text-align:center; padding:3px;"><b>Alternatywne oznaczenia</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:#f8f8f8; color:black; text-align:left;"><a href="#Oznaczenia_alternatywne">Patrz w tekście</a> </td></tr> <tr class="grafika iboxs"> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Plik:Virgo_constellation_PP3_map_PL.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Konstelacja Panny"><img alt="Mapa galaktyki" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Virgo_constellation_PP3_map_PL.svg/240px-Virgo_constellation_PP3_map_PL.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Virgo_constellation_PP3_map_PL.svg/360px-Virgo_constellation_PP3_map_PL.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Virgo_constellation_PP3_map_PL.svg/480px-Virgo_constellation_PP3_map_PL.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="461" data-file-height="320" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Gwiazdozbi%C3%B3r" title="Gwiazdozbiór">Konstelacja</a> Panny </td></tr> <tr class="noprint plainlinks" style="border-top:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); text-align:center;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0;"> <table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%; margin:0px; background:var(--background-color-base, #fff); color:inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle; width:30px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Messier_84" title="Commons"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/21px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/31px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/42px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Messier_84" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Messier 84">Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Messier 84</b> (również <b>M84</b> lub <b>NGC 4374</b>) – <a href="/wiki/Galaktyka_soczewkowata" title="Galaktyka soczewkowata">galaktyka soczewkowata</a> w <a href="/wiki/Gwiazdozbi%C3%B3r_Panny" title="Gwiazdozbiór Panny">gwiazdozbiorze Panny</a>. Odkrył ją i skatalogował 18 marca 1781 roku <a href="/wiki/Charles_Messier" title="Charles Messier">Charles Messier</a>. Należy do <a href="/wiki/Gromada_w_Pannie" title="Gromada w Pannie">gromady galaktyk w Pannie</a>. Jest częścią <a href="/wiki/%C5%81a%C5%84cuch_Markariana" title="Łańcuch Markariana">Łańcucha Markariana</a><sup id="cite_ref-cseligman_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cseligman-2">[2]</a></sup>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Charakterystyka_fizyczna">Charakterystyka fizyczna</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Messier_84&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Edytuj sekcję: Charakterystyka fizyczna" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Messier_84&action=edit&section=1" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Charakterystyka fizyczna"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>M84 znajduje się w odległości ok. 60 mln <a href="/wiki/Rok_%C5%9Bwietlny" title="Rok świetlny">lat świetlnych</a> (ok. 18 <a href="/wiki/Parsek" title="Parsek">megaparseków</a>) od Ziemi. Jej <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Arednica" title="Średnica">średnica</a> wynosi około 87 tys. lat świetlnych. Należy do <a href="/wiki/Galaktyka_Seyferta" title="Galaktyka Seyferta">galaktyk Seyferta</a> typu 2<sup id="cite_ref-simbad_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-simbad-1">[1]</a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dane_astronomiczne">Dane astronomiczne</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Messier_84&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Edytuj sekcję: Dane astronomiczne" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Messier_84&action=edit&section=2" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Dane astronomiczne"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Plik:Phot-04a-03-hires.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Phot-04a-03-hires.jpg/220px-Phot-04a-03-hires.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Phot-04a-03-hires.jpg/330px-Phot-04a-03-hires.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Phot-04a-03-hires.jpg/440px-Phot-04a-03-hires.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4252" data-file-height="3933" /></a><figcaption>Fragment jądra <a href="/wiki/Gromada_w_Pannie" title="Gromada w Pannie">Gromady w Pannie</a>, w centrum zdjęcia M84</figcaption></figure> <p>Przez długi czas M84 była przypisywana do typu E1, co oznaczało, że składa się głównie ze starszych, żółtych <a href="/wiki/Gwiazda" title="Gwiazda">gwiazd</a>. Nowe badania wskazują przynależność do typu S0 (galaktyka soczewkowata). </p><p>Z centrum <a href="/wiki/Galaktyka" title="Galaktyka">galaktyki</a> M84 wyrzucane są dwa małe <a href="/wiki/D%C5%BCet_(astronomia)" title="Dżet (astronomia)">dżety</a> obserwowane w zakresie radiowym. Fakt ten był przedmiotem badań <a href="/wiki/Kosmiczny_Teleskop_Hubble%E2%80%99a" title="Kosmiczny Teleskop Hubble’a">Teleskopu Hubble’a</a> w 1997 (krótko po jego drugiej naprawie). Odkryto, że galaktyka posiada masywny obiekt centralny o masie ok. 300 milionów <a href="/wiki/Masa_S%C5%82o%C5%84ca" title="Masa Słońca">mas Słońca</a> skoncentrowany w obszarze o <a href="/wiki/Promie%C5%84_(geometria)" title="Promień (geometria)">promieniu</a> poniżej 26 lat świetlnych. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Supernowe">Supernowe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Messier_84&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Edytuj sekcję: Supernowe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Messier_84&action=edit&section=3" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Supernowe"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Do tej pory zaobserwowano następujące przypadki <a href="/wiki/Supernowa" title="Supernowa">supernowych</a>: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SN_1957B" title="SN 1957B">SN 1957B</a> – odkryta 18 maja 1957 przez G. Romano (<a href="/wiki/W%C5%82ochy" title="Włochy">Włochy</a>), miała wtedy <a href="/wiki/Obserwowana_wielko%C5%9B%C4%87_gwiazdowa" title="Obserwowana wielkość gwiazdowa">jasność</a> 13<sup>m</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SN_1980I" title="SN 1980I">SN 1980I</a> (13 czerwca 1980) – osiągnęła jasność 14<sup>m</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SN_1991bg" title="SN 1991bg">SN 1991bg</a> (3 grudnia 1991) – osiągnęła jasność 14<sup>m</sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Oznaczenia_alternatywne">Oznaczenia alternatywne</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Messier_84&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Edytuj sekcję: Oznaczenia alternatywne" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Messier_84&action=edit&section=4" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Oznaczenia alternatywne"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table> <tbody><tr> <td> <ul><li>NGC 4374</li> <li>4C 13.47</li> <li>ASB 33</li> <li>3C 272.1</li> <li>Cul 1222+131</li> <li>DA 322</li> <li>[DLB87] V3</li> <li>[DML87] 746</li> <li>[DSB94] 272</li> <li>2E 2696</li> <li>2E 1222.5+1309</li> <li>GIN 778</li> <li>IRAS 12224+1309</li> <li>IRAS F12225+1309</li> <li>1Jy 1222+131</li> <li>1Jy 1222+13</li> <li>LEDA 40455</li> <li>LJHY 35</li> <li>MCG+02-32-034</li> <li>MRC 1222+131</li></ul> </td> <td> <ul><li>NRAO 399</li> <li>NVSS B122231+130912</li> <li>OHIO A 322</li> <li>PKS 1222+13</li> <li>PKS 1222+131</li> <li>RX J122503.7+125313</li> <li>RX J1225.0+1253</li> <li>S3 1222+13</li> <li>[TH2002] 5</li> <li>[TT2002] Virgo 2</li> <li>UGC 7494</li> <li>UZC J122503.7+125314</li> <li>VCC 763</li> <li>VPC 385</li> <li>VSOP J1225+1253</li> <li>[VV2003c] J122503.7+125313</li> <li>[VV2006c] J122503.7+125313</li> <li>WSTB 29W003</li> <li>Z 1222.5+1310</li> <li>Z 70 – 58</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zobacz_też"><span id="Zobacz_te.C5.BC"></span>Zobacz też</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Messier_84&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Edytuj sekcję: Zobacz też" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Messier_84&action=edit&section=5" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Zobacz też"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Katalog_Messiera" title="Katalog Messiera">Katalog Messiera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lista_obiekt%C3%B3w_NGC" title="Lista obiektów NGC">Lista obiektów NGC</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Przypisy">Przypisy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Messier_84&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Edytuj sekcję: Przypisy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Messier_84&action=edit&section=6" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Przypisy"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-simbad-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-simbad_1-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-simbad_1-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-simbad_1-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-simbad_1-3">d</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=M+84">Messier 84</a> w bazie <a href="/wiki/SIMBAD" title="SIMBAD">SIMBAD</a> <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku angielskim (English)">ang.</abbr>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cseligman-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-cseligman_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Courtney Seligman: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cseligman.com/text/atlas/ngc43a.htm#4374">NGC 4374</a>. [w:] <i>Celestial Atlas</i> [on-line]. [dostęp 2014-12-16]. <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku angielskim (English)">ang.</abbr>)</span>.</cite></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Messier_84&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Edytuj sekcję: Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Messier_84&action=edit&section=7" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Bibliografia"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://messier.seds.org/m/m084.html">Messier 84 w SEDS.org</a> <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku angielskim (English)">ang.</abbr>)</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Linki_zewnętrzne"><span id="Linki_zewn.C4.99trzne"></span>Linki zewnętrzne</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Messier_84&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Edytuj sekcję: Linki zewnętrzne" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Messier_84&action=edit&section=8" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Linki zewnętrzne"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://spider.seds.org/ngc/revngcic.cgi?NGC+4374">Messier 84</a> w serwisie SEDS.org (Revised NGC and IC Catalog) <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku angielskim (English)">ang.</abbr>)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=M+84">Messier 84</a> w bazie <a href="/wiki/SIMBAD" title="SIMBAD">SIMBAD</a> <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku angielskim (English)">ang.</abbr>)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/cgi-bin/nph-objsearch?objname=Messier+84">Messier 84 w NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database</a> <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku angielskim (English)">ang.</abbr>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070106034754/http://portalwiedzy.onet.pl/94959,1,,,supermasywna_czarna_dziura_lezaca_w_centrum_galaktyki_m84,haslo.html">Supermasywna czarna dziura leżąca w centrum galaktyki M84</a>. [w:] <i>onet.wiem</i> [on-line]. Grupa Onet.pl. [dostęp 2006-09-08]. [zarchiwizowane z <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://portalwiedzy.onet.pl/94959,1,,,supermasywna_czarna_dziura_lezaca_w_centrum_galaktyki_m84,haslo.html">tego adresu</a> (2007-01-06)].</cite></li></ul> <div class="navbox do-not-make-smaller mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" data-expandtext="pokaż" data-collapsetext="ukryj"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r74983602">.mw-parser-output .navbox{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);margin:auto;text-align:center;padding:3px;margin-top:1em;clear:both}.mw-parser-output table.navbox:not(.pionowy){width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox{border-top:0;margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox.pionowy{width:250px;float:right;clear:right;margin:0 0 0.4em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .navbox.pionowy .before,.mw-parser-output .navbox.pionowy .after{padding:0.5em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox>.caption,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox>.mw-collapsible-content>.below,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox .opis{background-color:#303234}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox.medaliści .opis.a1,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox.medaliści .a1 .opis{background:#715f00}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox.medaliści .opis.a2,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox.medaliści .a2 .opis{background:#5f5f5f}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox.medaliści .opis.a3,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox.medaliści .a3 .opis{background:#764617}}</style><ul class="tnavbar noprint plainlinks hlist"><li><a href="/wiki/Szablon:Katalog_Messiera" title="Szablon:Katalog Messiera"><span title="Pokaż ten szablon">p</span></a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dyskusja_szablonu:Katalog_Messiera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dyskusja szablonu:Katalog Messiera (strona nie istnieje)"><span title="Dyskusja na temat tego szablonu">d</span></a></li><li title="Możesz edytować ten szablon. Użyj przycisku podglądu przed zapisaniem zmian."><a class="external text" href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Szablon:Katalog_Messiera&action=edit">e</a></li></ul><div class="navbox-title caption"><a href="/wiki/Katalog_Messiera" title="Katalog Messiera">Katalog Messiera</a></div><div class="mw-collapsible-content"><table class="navbox-main-content inner-standard"><tbody><tr class="a1"><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list spis hlist navbox-odd"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mg%C5%82awica_Kraba" title="Mgławica Kraba">M1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_2" title="Messier 2">M2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_3" title="Messier 3">M3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_4" title="Messier 4">M4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_5" title="Messier 5">M5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gromada_Motyl" title="Gromada Motyl">M6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gromada_Ptolemeusza" title="Gromada Ptolemeusza">M7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mg%C5%82awica_Laguna" title="Mgławica Laguna">M8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_9" title="Messier 9">M9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_10" title="Messier 10">M10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gromada_Dzika_Kaczka" title="Gromada Dzika Kaczka">M11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_12" title="Messier 12">M12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gromada_Herkulesa" title="Gromada Herkulesa">M13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_14" title="Messier 14">M14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_15" title="Messier 15">M15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mg%C5%82awica_Orze%C5%82" title="Mgławica Orzeł">M16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mg%C5%82awica_Omega" title="Mgławica Omega">M17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_18" title="Messier 18">M18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_19" title="Messier 19">M19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mg%C5%82awica_Tr%C3%B3jlistna_Koniczyna" title="Mgławica Trójlistna Koniczyna">M20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_21" title="Messier 21">M21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gromada_Strzelca" title="Gromada Strzelca">M22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_23" title="Messier 23">M23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_24" title="Messier 24">M24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_25" title="Messier 25">M25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_26" title="Messier 26">M26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mg%C5%82awica_Hantle" title="Mgławica Hantle">M27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_28" title="Messier 28">M28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_29" title="Messier 29">M29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_30" title="Messier 30">M30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaktyka_Andromedy" title="Galaktyka Andromedy">M31</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_32" title="Messier 32">M32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaktyka_Tr%C3%B3jk%C4%85ta" title="Galaktyka Trójkąta">M33</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_34" title="Messier 34">M34</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_35" title="Messier 35">M35</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_36" title="Messier 36">M36</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_37" title="Messier 37">M37</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_38" title="Messier 38">M38</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_39" title="Messier 39">M39</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_40" title="Messier 40">M40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_41" title="Messier 41">M41</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wielka_Mg%C5%82awica_w_Orionie" title="Wielka Mgławica w Orionie">M42</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mg%C5%82awica_de_Mairana" title="Mgławica de Mairana">M43</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_44" title="Messier 44">M44</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plejady" title="Plejady">M45</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_46" title="Messier 46">M46</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_47" title="Messier 47">M47</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_48" title="Messier 48">M48</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_49" title="Messier 49">M49</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_50" title="Messier 50">M50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaktyka_Wir" title="Galaktyka Wir">M51</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_52" title="Messier 52">M52</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_53" title="Messier 53">M53</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_54" title="Messier 54">M54</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_55" title="Messier 55">M55</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_56" title="Messier 56">M56</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mg%C5%82awica_Pier%C5%9Bcie%C5%84" title="Mgławica Pierścień">M57</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_58" title="Messier 58">M58</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_59" title="Messier 59">M59</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_60" title="Messier 60">M60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_61" title="Messier 61">M61</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_62" title="Messier 62">M62</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaktyka_S%C5%82onecznik" title="Galaktyka Słonecznik">M63</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaktyka_Czarne_Oko" title="Galaktyka Czarne Oko">M64</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_65" title="Messier 65">M65</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_66" title="Messier 66">M66</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_67" title="Messier 67">M67</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_68" title="Messier 68">M68</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_69" title="Messier 69">M69</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_70" title="Messier 70">M70</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_71" title="Messier 71">M71</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_72" title="Messier 72">M72</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_73" title="Messier 73">M73</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_74" title="Messier 74">M74</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_75" title="Messier 75">M75</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mg%C5%82awica_Ma%C5%82e_Hantle" title="Mgławica Małe Hantle">M76</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_77" title="Messier 77">M77</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_78" title="Messier 78">M78</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_79" title="Messier 79">M79</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_80" title="Messier 80">M80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaktyka_Bodego" title="Galaktyka Bodego">M81</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaktyka_Cygaro" title="Galaktyka Cygaro">M82</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaktyka_Po%C5%82udniowy_Wiatraczek" title="Galaktyka Południowy Wiatraczek">M83</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">M84</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_85" title="Messier 85">M85</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_86" title="Messier 86">M86</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaktyka_Panna_A" title="Galaktyka Panna A">M87</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_88" title="Messier 88">M88</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_89" title="Messier 89">M89</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_90" title="Messier 90">M90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_91" title="Messier 91">M91</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_92" title="Messier 92">M92</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_93" title="Messier 93">M93</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_94" title="Messier 94">M94</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_95" title="Messier 95">M95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_96" title="Messier 96">M96</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mg%C5%82awica_Sowa" title="Mgławica Sowa">M97</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_98" title="Messier 98">M98</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_99" title="Messier 99">M99</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_100" title="Messier 100">M100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaktyka_Wiatraczek" title="Galaktyka Wiatraczek">M101</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_102" title="Messier 102">M102</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_103" title="Messier 103">M103</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaktyka_Sombrero" title="Galaktyka Sombrero">M104</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_105" title="Messier 105">M105</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_106" title="Messier 106">M106</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_107" title="Messier 107">M107</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_108" title="Messier 108">M108</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_109" title="Messier 109">M109</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messier_110" title="Messier 110">M110</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Źródło: „<a dir="ltr" href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Messier_84&oldid=75036030">https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Messier_84&oldid=75036030</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Kategorie" title="Specjalna:Kategorie">Kategorie</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Galaktyki_Seyferta" title="Kategoria:Galaktyki Seyferta">Galaktyki Seyferta</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Galaktyki_soczewkowate" title="Kategoria:Galaktyki soczewkowate">Galaktyki soczewkowate</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Obiekty_Messiera" title="Kategoria:Obiekty Messiera">Obiekty Messiera</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Obiekty_NGC" title="Kategoria:Obiekty NGC">Obiekty NGC</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Gwiazdozbi%C3%B3r_Panny" title="Kategoria:Gwiazdozbiór Panny">Gwiazdozbiór Panny</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Gromada_w_Pannie" title="Kategoria:Gromada w Pannie">Gromada w Pannie</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Obiekty_astronomiczne_odkryte_w_1781" title="Kategoria:Obiekty astronomiczne odkryte w 1781">Obiekty astronomiczne odkryte w 1781</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Tę stronę ostatnio edytowano 24 paź 2024, 08:57.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Tekst udostępniany na licencji <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.pl">Creative Commons: uznanie autorstwa, na tych samych warunkach</a>, z możliwością obowiązywania dodatkowych 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