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class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Campus subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Campus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bailrigg" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bailrigg"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Bailrigg</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bailrigg-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Library" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Library"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Library</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Library-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South-West_Campus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South-West_Campus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>South-West Campus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South-West_Campus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health_Innovation_Centre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health_Innovation_Centre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Health Innovation Centre</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health_Innovation_Centre-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Services</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cultural_venues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultural_venues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Cultural venues</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cultural_venues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conference_centre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conference_centre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Conference centre</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conference_centre-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organisation_and_administration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organisation_and_administration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Organisation and administration</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Organisation_and_administration-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Organisation and administration subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Organisation_and_administration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Colleges" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colleges"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Colleges</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colleges-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Academic_departments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Academic_departments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Academic departments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Academic_departments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Governance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Governance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Visitor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Visitor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.1</span> <span>Visitor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Visitor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chancellor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chancellor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.2</span> <span>Chancellor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chancellor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vice-Chancellor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vice-Chancellor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.3</span> <span>Vice-Chancellor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vice-Chancellor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Academic_profile" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Academic_profile"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Academic profile</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Academic_profile-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Academic profile subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Academic_profile-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Admissions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Admissions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Admissions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Admissions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reputation_and_rankings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reputation_and_rankings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Reputation and rankings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reputation_and_rankings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Joint_programmes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Joint_programmes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Joint programmes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Joint_programmes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Programmes_abroad" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Programmes_abroad"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Programmes abroad</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Programmes_abroad-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Research" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Research"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Research</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Research-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Physics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Physics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5.1</span> <span>Physics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Physics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Student_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Student_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Student life</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Student_life-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Student life subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Student_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Students'_Union" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Students'_Union"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Students' Union</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Students'_Union-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chancellor's_Wharf" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chancellor's_Wharf"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Chancellor's Wharf</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chancellor's_Wharf-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Sport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Intercollegiate_sport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Intercollegiate_sport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3.1</span> <span>Intercollegiate sport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Intercollegiate_sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arts,_media_and_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arts,_media_and_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Arts, media and culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arts,_media_and_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religious_groups" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religious_groups"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>Religious groups</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religious_groups-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notable people subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Alumni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alumni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Alumni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alumni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Business" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Business"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.1</span> <span>Business</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Business-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Linguistics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Linguistics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.2</span> <span>Linguistics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Linguistics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.3</span> <span>Media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.4</span> <span>Arts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics_and_law" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics_and_law"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.5</span> <span>Politics and law</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politics_and_law-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sport_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.6</span> <span>Sport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sport_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.7</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Science" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Science"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.8</span> <span>Science</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Science-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Lancaster University</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 35 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-35" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">35 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1" title="جامعة لانكستر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جامعة لانكستر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universid%C3%A1_de_Lancaster" title="Universidá de Lancaster – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Universidá de Lancaster" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85%E2%80%8C%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88" title="لانكستر بیلیم‌یوردو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="لانكستر بیلیم‌یوردو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%82" title="Ланкастэрскі ўніверсітэт – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ланкастэрскі ўніверсітэт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Ланкастърски университет – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ланкастърски университет" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lancaster_University" title="Lancaster University – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Lancaster University" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lancaster_University" title="Lancaster University – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Lancaster University" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lancaster_University" title="Lancaster University – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Lancaster University" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lancasteri_%C3%9Clikool" title="Lancasteri Ülikool – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Lancasteri Ülikool" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidad_de_Lancaster" title="Universidad de Lancaster – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Universidad de Lancaster" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitato_de_Lankastro" title="Universitato de Lankastro – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Universitato de Lankastro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87_%D9%84%D9%86%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1" title="دانشگاه لنکستر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دانشگاه لنکستر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_de_Lancastre" title="Université de Lancastre – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Université de Lancastre" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%9E%AD%EC%BB%A4%EC%8A%A4%ED%84%B0_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90" title="랭커스터 대학교 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="랭커스터 대학교" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitas_Lancaster" title="Universitas Lancaster – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Universitas Lancaster" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universit%C3%A0_di_Lancaster" title="Università di Lancaster – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Università di Lancaster" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lancasteri_Egyetem" title="Lancasteri Egyetem – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Lancasteri Egyetem" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1" title="جامعة لانكستر – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جامعة لانكستر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universiti_Lancaster" title="Universiti Lancaster – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Universiti Lancaster" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universiteit_van_Lancaster" title="Universiteit van Lancaster – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Universiteit van Lancaster" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AB%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BC%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="ランカスター大学 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ランカスター大学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%B3%D9%B9%D8%B1_%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%B9%DB%8C" title="لینسسٹر یونیورسٹی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="لینسسٹر یونیورسٹی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lancaster_University" title="Lancaster University – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Lancaster University" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidade_de_Lancaster" title="Universidade de Lancaster – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Universidade de Lancaster" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitatea_din_Lancaster" title="Universitatea din Lancaster – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Universitatea din Lancaster" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Ланкастерский университет – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ланкастерский университет" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lancaster_University" title="Lancaster University – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Lancaster University" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lancaster_University" title="Lancaster University – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Lancaster University" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unibersidad_ng_Lancaster" title="Unibersidad ng Lancaster – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Unibersidad ng Lancaster" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B3%D0%BE%D2%B3%D0%B8_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Донишгоҳи Ланкастер – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Донишгоҳи Ланкастер" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lancaster_%C3%9Cniversitesi" title="Lancaster Üniversitesi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Lancaster Üniversitesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Університет Ланкастера – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Університет Ланкастера" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%86%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%B9%D8%B1_%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%B9%DB%8C" title="لنکاسٹر یونیورسٹی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="لنکاسٹر یونیورسٹی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%98%AD%E5%8D%A1%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" title="蘭卡斯特大學 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="蘭卡斯特大學" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh 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href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Lancaster_University&params=54_00_37_N_2_47_08_W_type:edu"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">54°00′37″N</span> <span class="longitude">2°47′08″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">54.01028°N 2.78556°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">54.01028; -2.78556</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Public university in Lancaster, England</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Lancaster University</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:University_of_Lancaster_shield.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/University_of_Lancaster_shield.svg/160px-University_of_Lancaster_shield.svg.png" decoding="async" width="160" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/University_of_Lancaster_shield.svg/240px-University_of_Lancaster_shield.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/University_of_Lancaster_shield.svg/320px-University_of_Lancaster_shield.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="350" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Lancaster_University" title="Coat of arms of Lancaster University">Coat of arms of Lancaster University</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Motto</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">Patet omnibus veritas</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Motto in English</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Truth lies open to all</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Public_university" title="Public university">Public</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">1964<span class="noprint">; 60 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1964</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Financial_endowment" title="Financial endowment">Endowment</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pound_sterling" title="Pound sterling">£</a>18.4 million (2023)<sup id="cite_ref-Lancaster_Financial_Statement_22/23_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lancaster_Financial_Statement_22/23-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Budget</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pounds_sterling" class="mw-redirect" title="Pounds sterling">£</a>381.0 million (2022/23)<sup id="cite_ref-Lancaster_Financial_Statement_22/23_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lancaster_Financial_Statement_22/23-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_(education)" title="Chancellor (education)">Chancellor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alan_Milburn" title="Alan Milburn">Alan Milburn</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vice-Chancellor" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice-Chancellor">Vice-Chancellor</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Andy_Schofield" title="Andy Schofield">Andy Schofield</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Pro-Chancellor" class="mw-redirect" title="Pro-Chancellor">Pro-Chancellor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alistair_Burt" title="Alistair Burt">Alistair Burt</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Academic staff</div></th><td class="infobox-data">2,250 (2022/23)<sup id="cite_ref-HESAStaff_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HESAStaff-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Administrative staff</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,980 (2022/23)<sup id="cite_ref-HESAStaff_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HESAStaff-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Students</th><td class="infobox-data">18,165 (2022/23)<sup id="cite_ref-HESAStudents_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HESAStudents-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Undergraduate_education" title="Undergraduate education">Undergraduates</a></th><td class="infobox-data">13,620 (2022/23)<sup id="cite_ref-HESAStudents_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HESAStudents-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Postgraduate_education" title="Postgraduate education">Postgraduates</a></th><td class="infobox-data">4,545 (2022/23)<sup id="cite_ref-HESAStudents_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HESAStudents-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div style="display:inline" class="locality"><a href="/wiki/Bailrigg" title="Bailrigg">Bailrigg</a>, <a href="/wiki/City_of_Lancaster" title="City of Lancaster">City of Lancaster</a></div>, <div style="display:inline" class="country-name">England</div><br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Lancaster_University&params=54_00_37_N_2_47_08_W_type:edu"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">54°00′37″N</span> <span class="longitude">2°47′08″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">54.01028°N 2.78556°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">54.01028; -2.78556</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Campus</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bailrigg" title="Bailrigg">Bailrigg</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/School_colors" title="School colors">Colours</a></th><td class="infobox-data">'<a href="/wiki/Quaker" class="mw-redirect" title="Quaker">Quaker</a> Grey' and red<br /> <table role="presentation" style="width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;"> <tbody><tr style="border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; background-color: #f8f9fa; padding: 5px; font-size: 95%;height:1.75em"><td style="background: #ccc;"> </td> <td style="background: #ccc;"> </td> <td style="background: #ccc;"> </td><td style="background: #B6121B; font-size:50%;"> </td> <td style="background: #ccc;"> </td> <td style="background: #ccc;"> </td> <td style="background: #ccc;"> </td><td style="background: #B6121B; font-size:50%;"> </td> <td style="background: #ccc;"> </td> <td style="background: #ccc;"> </td> <td style="background: #ccc;"> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <table role="presentation" style="width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;"> <tbody><tr style="border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; background-color: #f8f9fa; padding: 5px; font-size: 95%;height:1.75em"><td style="background: #B6121B;"> </td> <td style="background: #B6121B;"> </td> <td style="background: #B6121B;"> </td><td style="background: #ccc; font-size:50%;"> </td> <td style="background: #B6121B;"> </td> <td style="background: #B6121B;"> </td> <td style="background: #B6121B;"> </td><td style="background: #ccc; font-size:50%;"> </td> <td style="background: #B6121B;"> </td> <td style="background: #B6121B;"> </td> <td style="background: #B6121B;"> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>Colleges</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span style="background:#F50002; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span><span style="background:black; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Bowland_College,_Lancaster" title="Bowland College, Lancaster">Bowland</a> <br /> <span style="background:#660056; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span><span style="background:#CBC5AE; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Cartmel_College,_Lancaster" title="Cartmel College, Lancaster">Cartmel</a><br /> <span style="background:#FFC72C; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span><span style="background:#003057; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span> <a href="/wiki/The_County_College,_Lancaster" title="The County College, Lancaster">County</a><br /> <span style="background:#410099; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span><span style="background:#FFFFFF; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Furness_College,_Lancaster" title="Furness College, Lancaster">Furness</a> <br /> <span style="background:#E35205; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span><span style="background:#000000; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Fylde_College,_Lancaster" title="Fylde College, Lancaster">Fylde</a><br /> <span style="background:#00677F; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span><span style="background:#9CDBD9; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Graduate_College,_Lancaster" title="Graduate College, Lancaster">Graduate</a><br /> <span style="background:#6CACE4; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span><span style="background:#003087; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Grizedale_College,_Lancaster" title="Grizedale College, Lancaster">Grizedale</a><br /> <span style="background:#114075; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span><span style="background:#FFFFFF; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Lonsdale_College,_Lancaster" title="Lonsdale College, Lancaster">Lonsdale</a><br /> <span style="background:#F2A900; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span><span style="background:#007A33; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Pendle_College,_Lancaster" title="Pendle College, Lancaster">Pendle</a> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Affiliations</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_to_Advance_Collegiate_Schools_of_Business" title="Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business">AACSB</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Commonwealth_Universities" title="Association of Commonwealth Universities">ACU</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_MBAs" title="Association of MBAs">AMBA</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/European_University_Association" title="European University Association">EUA</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/European_Quality_Improvement_System" class="mw-redirect" title="European Quality Improvement System">EQUIS</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/N8_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="N8 Group">N8 Group</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Universities_UK" title="Universities UK">Universities UK</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lancaster.ac.uk">lancaster<wbr />.ac<wbr />.uk</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Lancaster_University_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/78/Lancaster_University_logo.svg/220px-Lancaster_University_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/78/Lancaster_University_logo.svg/330px-Lancaster_University_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/78/Lancaster_University_logo.svg/440px-Lancaster_University_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="164" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Lancaster University</b> (officially <b>The University of Lancaster</b>)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a <a href="/wiki/Public_university" title="Public university">public</a> <a href="/wiki/Research_university" title="Research university">research university</a> in <a href="/wiki/Lancaster,_Lancashire" title="Lancaster, Lancashire">Lancaster</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lancashire" title="Lancashire">Lancashire</a>, England. The university was established in 1964 by <a href="/wiki/Royal_charter" title="Royal charter">royal charter</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as one of several new universities created in the 1960s. </p><p>The university was initially based in St Leonard's Gate in the city centre, before starting a move in 1967 to a purpose-built campus located on 300 acres (120 ha) at <a href="/wiki/Bailrigg" title="Bailrigg">Bailrigg</a>, 4 km (2.5 miles) to the south of the city.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The campus buildings are arranged around a central walkway known as the Spine, which is connected to a central plaza, named Alexandra Square in honour of its first <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_(education)" title="Chancellor (education)">chancellor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Princess_Alexandra,_The_Honourable_Lady_Ogilvy" title="Princess Alexandra, The Honourable Lady Ogilvy">Princess Alexandra</a>. </p><p>Lancaster is a <a href="/wiki/Colleges_within_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Colleges within universities in the United Kingdom">residential collegiate university</a>; the colleges are weakly autonomous. The eight undergraduate colleges are named after places in the <a href="/wiki/Historic_counties_of_England" title="Historic counties of England">historic county</a> of Lancashire, and each has its own campus residence blocks, common rooms, administrative staff and bars. </p><p>Lancaster has ranked in the top fifteen in all three UK <a href="/wiki/Rankings_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Rankings of universities in the United Kingdom">national league tables</a> for the past 10 years, and received a Gold rating in the Government's 2017 and 2023 <a href="/wiki/Teaching_Excellence_Framework" title="Teaching Excellence Framework">Teaching Excellence Framework</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The annual income of the institution for 2022/23 was £381.0 million of which £46.4 million was from research grants and contracts, with an expenditure of £345.0 million.<sup id="cite_ref-Lancaster_Financial_Statement_22/23_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lancaster_Financial_Statement_22/23-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lancaster is a member of the <a href="/wiki/N8_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="N8 Group">N8 Group</a> of research universities, which also includes the universities of <a href="/wiki/Durham_University" title="Durham University">Durham</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Leeds" title="University of Leeds">Leeds</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Liverpool" title="University of Liverpool">Liverpool</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Manchester" title="University of Manchester">Manchester</a>, <a href="/wiki/Newcastle_University" title="Newcastle University">Newcastle</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Sheffield" title="University of Sheffield">Sheffield</a> and <a href="/wiki/University_of_York" title="University of York">York</a>. Since 2015, <a href="/wiki/Alan_Milburn" title="Alan Milburn">Alan Milburn</a> has been the university's chancellor.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Between 1958 and 1961 seven new <a href="/wiki/Plate_glass_university" title="Plate glass university">plate glass universities</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> were announced, including Lancaster. The choice of Lancaster as the site of the fourth new university was announced on 23 November 1961.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prinses_Alexandra_(1961).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Prinses_Alexandra_%281961%29.jpg/190px-Prinses_Alexandra_%281961%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="253" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Prinses_Alexandra_%281961%29.jpg/285px-Prinses_Alexandra_%281961%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Prinses_Alexandra_%281961%29.jpg/380px-Prinses_Alexandra_%281961%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1521" data-file-height="2028" /></a><figcaption>Founding chancellor <a href="/wiki/Princess_Alexandra,_The_Honourable_Lady_Ogilvy" title="Princess Alexandra, The Honourable Lady Ogilvy">Princess Alexandra</a>, who served from 1964 to 2004, was one of the longest-serving university chancellors in the UK.</figcaption></figure> <p>The university was established by <a href="/wiki/Royal_charter" title="Royal charter">royal charter</a> in 1964. The charter stipulated that <a href="/wiki/Princess_Alexandra,_The_Honourable_Lady_Ogilvy" title="Princess Alexandra, The Honourable Lady Ogilvy">Princess Alexandra of Kent</a> be the first <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_(education)" title="Chancellor (education)">chancellor</a>. She was inaugurated in 1964.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ceremony also saw the granting of various honorary degrees to dignitaries including the Prime Minister, <a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson">Harold Wilson</a>. </p><p>Princess Alexandra retired as chancellor in 2004 and was at that time the longest serving chancellor of any British university. On her departure, she gave approval for the Chancellor's Medal to be awarded for academic merit to the highest-performing undergraduates and postgraduates. Each year presentations are made to up to five graduates of taught masters' courses and up to six to the highest-performing undergraduates. </p><p>The university accepted its first students in October 1964 and there were initially 13 professors, 32 additional members of teaching and research staff, 8 library staff and 14 administrators on academic grades. The motto, "<i>patet omnibus veritas</i>", ("Truth lies open to all"), was adopted. The first science students were admitted in 1965. </p><p>The university was temporarily based in the city. A lecture theatre and the university's first Junior Common Room were in Centenary Church, a former <a href="/wiki/Congregational_church" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregational church">Congregational church</a> beside the old factory premises of <a href="/wiki/Waring_%26_Gillow" title="Waring & Gillow">Waring & Gillow</a>, which were used to accommodate the new students. Many new students were housed in the nearby town of <a href="/wiki/Morecambe" title="Morecambe">Morecambe</a>. The Grand Theatre was leased as a main lecture room and 112 and 114 in the St Leonard's Gate area became teaching and recreational rooms. The library occupied the old workshops of Shrigley and Hunt on Castle Hill. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Bowland_College,_Lancaster" title="Bowland College, Lancaster">Bowland</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lonsdale_College,_Lancaster" title="Lonsdale College, Lancaster">Lonsdale</a> colleges were founded as the university's first two colleges, and all staff and students were allocated to one of the two, although the first college buildings would not be completed until 1966. The first students moved into residence and set up the first <a href="/wiki/Common_Room_(university)" class="mw-redirect" title="Common Room (university)">JCRs</a> in October 1968.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The university moved from the city to the new campus at <a href="/wiki/Bailrigg" title="Bailrigg">Bailrigg</a> between 1966 and 1970.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2014, Lancaster University celebrated its 50th anniversary with a series of events throughout the year, involving alumni, staff, students and local community members.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2024, the Students' Union Assembly voted to lobby the University to transition the catering to 50% vegan by 2025 and 100% vegan by 2027 without major student consultation.The vote was supported by the student chapter of <a href="/wiki/Vegan_school_meal#Plant-Based_Universities_campaign" title="Vegan school meal">Plant-Based Universities</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Campus">Campus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Campus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-kartographer-container thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width: 251px;"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme" style="width: 251px; height: 569px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="251" data-height="569" data-zoom="13" data-lat="54.030007" data-lon="-2.793489" data-overlays="["_2731c911f96ec23c3309a0cca0777e9efc93372f"]" href="/wiki/Special:Map/13/54.030007/-2.793489/en"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,54.030007,-2.793489,251x569.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Lancaster_University&revid=1253946687&groups=_2731c911f96ec23c3309a0cca0777e9efc93372f" width="251" height="569" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,54.030007,-2.793489,251x569@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Lancaster_University&revid=1253946687&groups=_2731c911f96ec23c3309a0cca0777e9efc93372f 2x" alt="Map" /></a><div class="thumbcaption">Locations of various Lancaster University and <a href="/wiki/Lancaster_University_Students%27_Union" title="Lancaster University Students' Union">LUSU</a> owned and affiliated buildings and facilities in <a href="/wiki/Lancaster,_Lancashire" title="Lancaster, Lancashire">Lancaster</a></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bailrigg">Bailrigg</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Bailrigg"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lancaster_University_Courtyard.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Lancaster_University_Courtyard.JPG/200px-Lancaster_University_Courtyard.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Lancaster_University_Courtyard.JPG/300px-Lancaster_University_Courtyard.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Lancaster_University_Courtyard.JPG/400px-Lancaster_University_Courtyard.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1944" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Alexandra Square with <a href="/wiki/Bowland_College,_Lancaster" title="Bowland College, Lancaster">Bowland</a> Tower (pictured in 2009)</figcaption></figure> <p>The purpose-built campus occupies <a href="/wiki/Bailrigg" title="Bailrigg">Bailrigg</a>, a 360-acre (0.563 sq mi; 1.457 km<sup>2</sup>) site<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> donated by <a href="/wiki/City_of_Lancaster" title="City of Lancaster">Lancaster City Council</a> in 1963.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The campus buildings are located on a hilltop, the lower slopes of which are landscaped parkland which includes Lake Carter duck pond and the university sports fields. The lake was created in the early 1900s and was later named Lake Carter after <a href="/wiki/Charles_Frederick_Carter" title="Charles Frederick Carter">Charles Carter</a>, the first Vice Chancellor of the university.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The site is three miles (5 km) south of the city centre. Construction of the Bailrigg campus began in November 1965, with the first building completed a year later. The first on-campus student residences opened in 1968.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Unlike some other campus universities, Bailrigg was designed to integrate social, residential and teaching areas. Another major feature of the design is that there is no large central Students' Union building, instead individual college facilities are used as the centre for social and recreational activities .<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Vehicular and pedestrian traffic is separated: this is achieved by restricting motor vehicles to a peripheral road with a linking underpass running east–west beneath Alexandra Square. The underpass accommodates the Bailrigg bus station and was refurbished in autumn 2010. Car parking is arranged in cul-de-sacs running off the peripheral road. </p><p>The campus buildings are arranged around a central walkway known as "The Spine".<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The walkway runs from north (<a href="/wiki/The_County_College,_Lancaster" title="The County College, Lancaster">County College</a>) to south-west (<a href="/wiki/Graduate_College,_Lancaster" title="Graduate College, Lancaster">Graduate College</a>) and is covered for most of its length. The main architect was <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Epstein" title="Gabriel Epstein">Gabriel Epstein</a> of Shepheard and Epstein.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Architect <a href="/wiki/Peter_Shepheard" title="Peter Shepheard">Peter Shepheard</a> recalls: </p> <blockquote><p>"We went up there on a windy day, and it was freezing cold. Every time we opened a plan it blew away. And we said Christ! What are we going to do with these students, where are they going to sit in the sun and all that? Well, we decided, it's got to be cloisters. All of the buildings have got to touch at the ground. We then devised this system and it had an absolutely firm principle: it had a great spine down the middle where everybody walked. That led everywhere. The cars were on the outside, on both sides. When you came into the spaces things were square, they were rectangular courtyards and they were all slightly different. There were two or three essentials: one was that the covered way had to be continuous, the buildings had to be three or four storeys high and connecting to the next one. I thought it worked very well."<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Between 2016 and 2018 the Spine was extensively remodelled in a project known as "Design The Spine", with the aim of replacing the decaying wooden canopy, widening bottlenecks, and creating new landscaped green spaces.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Charles_Carter_Building.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Charles_Carter_Building.jpg/220px-Charles_Carter_Building.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Charles_Carter_Building.jpg/330px-Charles_Carter_Building.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Charles_Carter_Building.jpg/440px-Charles_Carter_Building.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1936" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Charles_Frederick_Carter" title="Charles Frederick Carter">Charles Carter</a> building</figcaption></figure> <p>Alexandra Square is the university's main plaza. Named after the first chancellor, <a href="/wiki/Princess_Alexandra,_The_Honourable_Lady_Ogilvy" title="Princess Alexandra, The Honourable Lady Ogilvy">Princess Alexandra</a> and is situated at the centre of the original campus. On the west side of the square is University House as well as various banks and shops. To the south-east of the square is the tallest building on campus: the fourteen-storey Bowland Tower, which contains accommodation and disguises the boiler room chimney. </p><p>One of the most distinctive of the Bailrigg buildings is the free-standing <a href="/wiki/Lancaster_University_Chaplaincy_Centre" title="Lancaster University Chaplaincy Centre">University Chaplaincy Centre</a>. Opened on 2 May 1969, the architects were the <a href="/wiki/Preston,_Lancashire" title="Preston, Lancashire">Preston</a>-based firm Cassidy & Ashton. The building has a <a href="/wiki/Trefoil" title="Trefoil">trefoil</a> plan with a central <a href="/wiki/Spire" title="Spire">spire</a> where the three circles meet. The university's former logo is based on the spire. </p><p>A plan existed to have a twin campus with another eight colleges to the east of the <a href="/wiki/M6_motorway" title="M6 motorway">M6 motorway</a> at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hazelrigg,_Lancashire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hazelrigg, Lancashire (page does not exist)">Hazelrigg</a>. This would have been linked to Bailrigg by a flyover. The plan was abandoned in the 1970s during a period of financial difficulties. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Library">Library</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Library"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the south-west corner sits the library designed in 1964 by Tom Mellor and Partners, the first phase opening in September 1966, the second in July 1968 and the third in January 1971.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The library was extended in 1997 and underwent a phased refurbishment in 2014, which was completed in 2016. In 2021 the Library Extension Project<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was completed, which introduced additional student study space and '<a href="/wiki/Green_wall" title="Green wall">living walls</a>', exhibition and research space, a 'safepod'<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Digital_studio" title="Digital studio">digital studio</a>. </p><p>A distinctive feature of the library is the large tree that grows in the centre of the ground floor study area. </p><p>Next to the library, and opened in 1998 is <a href="/wiki/Ruskin_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruskin Library">The Ruskin - Library, Museum and Research Centre</a>, designed by Sir <a href="/wiki/Richard_MacCormac" title="Richard MacCormac">Richard MacCormac</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="South-West_Campus">South-West Campus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: South-West Campus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lancaster_University_-_geograph.org.uk_-_897668.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Lancaster_University_-_geograph.org.uk_-_897668.jpg/220px-Lancaster_University_-_geograph.org.uk_-_897668.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Lancaster_University_-_geograph.org.uk_-_897668.jpg/330px-Lancaster_University_-_geograph.org.uk_-_897668.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Lancaster_University_-_geograph.org.uk_-_897668.jpg/440px-Lancaster_University_-_geograph.org.uk_-_897668.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Student accommodation in South-West Campus</figcaption></figure> <p>The university began expansion onto the lower slopes of Bailrigg with the development of new buildings for <a href="/wiki/Graduate_College,_Lancaster" title="Graduate College, Lancaster">Graduate College</a> in 1998, which is now part of South-West Campus. Development continued with the construction of <a href="/wiki/InfoLab21" title="InfoLab21">InfoLab21</a> and Alexandra Park which now houses <a href="/wiki/Lonsdale_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Lonsdale College">Lonsdale College</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cartmel_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Cartmel College">Cartmel College</a> and the en-suite rooms of <a href="/wiki/Pendle_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Pendle College">Pendle College</a>. The development of InfoLab21 met objections, with the proposed building being described as a '<a href="/wiki/Dalek" title="Dalek">Dalek</a> factory'.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cartmel College is built around Barker House Farm, a listed 17th-century farmhouse and outbuildings that form the centre of the college.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Health_Innovation_Centre">Health Innovation Centre</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Health Innovation Centre"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Health_Innovation_Campus,_Lancaster.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Health_Innovation_Campus%2C_Lancaster.jpg/220px-Health_Innovation_Campus%2C_Lancaster.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Health_Innovation_Campus%2C_Lancaster.jpg/330px-Health_Innovation_Campus%2C_Lancaster.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Health_Innovation_Campus%2C_Lancaster.jpg/440px-Health_Innovation_Campus%2C_Lancaster.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2381" data-file-height="1545" /></a><figcaption>Health Innovation Campus at Lancaster University under construction in October 2019</figcaption></figure> <p>The university is building a 'Health Innovation Campus' adjacent to the existing campus. The campus will create 2,000 jobs and boost the local economy by around £100 million.<sup id="cite_ref-hic_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hic-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The £29.7 million contract for construction of the first building was awarded to BAM Construction in October 2017; construction began in December 2017 and was completed in summer 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The building is 80,000 square feet and required the construction of an access road with a junction to the A6.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Services">Services</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Bailrigg campus hosts a range of shops and services. Services on campus include Bailrigg post office, a health centre, a pharmacy, hairdressers, Lancaster University Homes office as well as many others. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cultural_venues">Cultural venues</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Cultural venues"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Outside_Jack_Hylton_room_Lancaster_University.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Outside_Jack_Hylton_room_Lancaster_University.jpg/220px-Outside_Jack_Hylton_room_Lancaster_University.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Outside_Jack_Hylton_room_Lancaster_University.jpg/330px-Outside_Jack_Hylton_room_Lancaster_University.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Outside_Jack_Hylton_room_Lancaster_University.jpg/440px-Outside_Jack_Hylton_room_Lancaster_University.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Outside the Jack Hylton music rooms</figcaption></figure> <p>At the north end of campus, the university's <a href="/wiki/Lancaster_Arts_at_Lancaster_University#Great_Hall_Complex" title="Lancaster Arts at Lancaster University">Great Hall Complex</a> comprises three venues open to both students and the public; the Peter Scott Gallery, the Nuffield Theatre and the <a href="/wiki/Lancaster_Arts_at_Lancaster_University#Lancaster_Concert_Series" title="Lancaster Arts at Lancaster University">Lancaster International Concert Series</a>. In 2009, these three organisations were combined as one department by the university – initially termed 'The Public Arts' but later renamed 'Live at LICA' – with Matt Fenton overseeing this unification.<sup id="cite_ref-Public_Arts_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Public_Arts-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 2015 Live at LICA was rebranded to '<a href="/wiki/Lancaster_Arts_at_Lancaster_University" title="Lancaster Arts at Lancaster University">Lancaster Arts at Lancaster University</a>' to avoid confusion with the department of LICA, then director Jamie Eastman stated that; "This new name and logo communicates who we are, where we are and what we're offering."<sup id="cite_ref-rebranded_to_Lancaster_Arts_at_Lancaster_University_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rebranded_to_Lancaster_Arts_at_Lancaster_University-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ruskin_Library_Lancaster_University.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Ruskin_Library_Lancaster_University.jpg/170px-Ruskin_Library_Lancaster_University.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="232" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Ruskin_Library_Lancaster_University.jpg/255px-Ruskin_Library_Lancaster_University.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Ruskin_Library_Lancaster_University.jpg/340px-Ruskin_Library_Lancaster_University.jpg 2x" data-file-width="586" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>The Ruskin - Library, Museum and Research Centre</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Peter_Scott" title="Peter Scott">Peter Scott</a> Gallery is open to the public free of charge. The Gallery is located on the Bailrigg campus and houses the university's international art collection, which includes Japanese and Chinese art, antiquities, works by twentieth-century British artists including works by artists from the <a href="/wiki/St_Ives_School" title="St Ives School">St Ives School</a>, Sir <a href="/wiki/Terry_Frost" title="Terry Frost">Terry Frost</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wilhelmina_Barns-Graham" title="Wilhelmina Barns-Graham">Wilhelmina Barns-Graham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Hepworth" title="Barbara Hepworth">Barbara Hepworth</a> and <a href="/wiki/William_Scott_(artist)" title="William Scott (artist)">William Scott</a>. Among other British artists whose work is represented are <a href="/wiki/Norman_Adams_(British_artist)" title="Norman Adams (British artist)">Norman Adams</a>, <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Caulfield" title="Patrick Caulfield">Patrick Caulfield</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_Frink" title="Elisabeth Frink">Elisabeth Frink</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Martin_(English_painter)" title="Kenneth Martin (English painter)">Kenneth Martin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Winifred_Nicholson" title="Winifred Nicholson">Winifred Nicholson</a>. Within the last fifteen years works by <a href="/wiki/Andy_Goldsworthy" title="Andy Goldsworthy">Andy Goldsworthy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Howson" title="Peter Howson">Peter Howson</a> and Albert Irvin have been acquired. The university collection also includes prints by significant European artists such as <a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCrer" class="mw-redirect" title="Dürer">Dürer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joan_Mir%C3%B3" title="Joan Miró">Miró</a>, <a href="/wiki/Max_Ernst" title="Max Ernst">Ernst</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vasarely" class="mw-redirect" title="Vasarely">Vasarely</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_Arts_at_Lancaster_University#Lancaster_Concert_Series" title="Lancaster Arts at Lancaster University">Lancaster International Concert Series</a> is the main provider of classical music in north Lancashire and Cumbria. Concerts are held within the Great Hall. Between October and March each year the series offers a varied diet of music which includes: orchestral concerts, chamber music, events for young people, jazz, family concerts and world music. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Lancaster_Arts_at_Lancaster_University#Nuffield_Theatre" title="Lancaster Arts at Lancaster University">Nuffield Theatre</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Black_box_theatre" class="mw-redirect" title="Black box theatre">black box theatre</a>, is one of the largest and most adaptable professional studio theatres in Europe. It presents public performances in the fields of theatre, contemporary dance and live art from some of the best-known and respected companies from the UK and abroad. The focus of the work is new and experimental practice, a focus it shares with many of the teaching and research interest of <a href="/wiki/Lancaster_Institute_for_the_Contemporary_Arts" title="Lancaster Institute for the Contemporary Arts">Lancaster Institute for the Contemporary Arts (LICA)</a>. The Nuffield presents up to 30 visiting professional shows a year, plus public performances by students from Theatre Studies, and the university's student theatre and dance societies and a range of local community organisations. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Ruskin_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruskin Library">The Ruskin - Library, Museum and Research Centre</a> houses archive material related to the poet, author and artist <a href="/wiki/John_Ruskin" title="John Ruskin">John Ruskin</a>. It is open to the public, although only a small part of the collection is on public display at once. The building was constructed in 1997 by architect Sir <a href="/wiki/Richard_MacCormac" title="Richard MacCormac">Richard MacCormac</a> CBE PPRIBA RA FRSA (1938–2014). The Ruskin Whitehouse Collection housed in <a href="/wiki/Ruskin_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruskin Library">The Ruskin</a> is the largest holding of books, manuscripts, photographs, drawings and watercolours by and related to <a href="/wiki/John_Ruskin" title="John Ruskin">John Ruskin</a> in the world. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Conference_centre">Conference centre</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Conference centre"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2016 the university purchased the 165-acre Forrest Hills conference centre and golf course, located on the M6 opposite the main campus, which it continues to operate as a conference venue.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organisation_and_administration">Organisation and administration</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Organisation and administration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Colleges">Colleges</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Colleges"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248256098">@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{width:100%!important}}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{display:table}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-default{background:transparent;margin-top:4px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-center{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-none{float:none}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-collapsible{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div{display:table-cell;padding:0 4px 4px;text-align:center;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main>div{display:table-cell}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallery{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div{display:table-cell;padding:4px;text-align:right;font-size:85%;line-height:1em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div *,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div *{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallerybox img{background:none!important}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .bordered-images .thumb img{border:solid var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0)1px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb{background:var(--background-color-base,#fff)!important}</style><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default mod-gallery-center"><div class="title"><div>Colleges of Lancaster University</div></div><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lancaster_University_28_Bowland_Students_Union_5993.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Bowland College (1964)"><img alt="Quad at Bowland Main" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Lancaster_University_28_Bowland_Students_Union_5993.JPG/133px-Lancaster_University_28_Bowland_Students_Union_5993.JPG" decoding="async" width="133" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Lancaster_University_28_Bowland_Students_Union_5993.JPG/200px-Lancaster_University_28_Bowland_Students_Union_5993.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Lancaster_University_28_Bowland_Students_Union_5993.JPG/267px-Lancaster_University_28_Bowland_Students_Union_5993.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3141" data-file-height="2357" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Bowland_College,_Lancaster" title="Bowland College, Lancaster">Bowland College</a> (1964)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lonsdalecollegekidney.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lonsdale College (1964, relocated 2004)[40]"><img alt="Lonsdale College Bar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Lonsdalecollegekidney.jpg/133px-Lonsdalecollegekidney.jpg" decoding="async" width="133" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Lonsdalecollegekidney.jpg/200px-Lonsdalecollegekidney.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Lonsdalecollegekidney.jpg/267px-Lonsdalecollegekidney.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Lonsdale_College,_Lancaster" title="Lonsdale College, Lancaster">Lonsdale College</a> (1964, relocated 2004)<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lancaster_University_42_Furness_6013.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Furness College (1966)"><img alt="Quad at Furness College" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Lancaster_University_42_Furness_6013.JPG/133px-Lancaster_University_42_Furness_6013.JPG" decoding="async" width="133" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Lancaster_University_42_Furness_6013.JPG/200px-Lancaster_University_42_Furness_6013.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Lancaster_University_42_Furness_6013.JPG/267px-Lancaster_University_42_Furness_6013.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Furness_College,_Lancaster" title="Furness College, Lancaster">Furness College</a> (1966)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:County-main.jpeg" class="mw-file-description" title="The County College (1967)"><img alt="County Main building" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/56/County-main.jpeg/167px-County-main.jpeg" decoding="async" width="167" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/56/County-main.jpeg/251px-County-main.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/56/County-main.jpeg/334px-County-main.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="613" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/The_County_College,_Lancaster" title="The County College, Lancaster">The County College</a> (1967)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fylde_Accomodation_-_Mae_Reddaway.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Fylde College (1968)"><img alt="Accommodation block at Fylde College" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Fylde_Accomodation_-_Mae_Reddaway.jpg/133px-Fylde_Accomodation_-_Mae_Reddaway.jpg" decoding="async" width="133" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Fylde_Accomodation_-_Mae_Reddaway.jpg/200px-Fylde_Accomodation_-_Mae_Reddaway.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Fylde_Accomodation_-_Mae_Reddaway.jpg/267px-Fylde_Accomodation_-_Mae_Reddaway.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Fylde_College,_Lancaster" title="Fylde College, Lancaster">Fylde College</a> (1968)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cartmel_College_residences,_University_of_Lancaster_(geograph_5177035).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cartmel College (1968, relocated 2004)"><img alt="Cartmel College residences" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Cartmel_College_residences%2C_University_of_Lancaster_%28geograph_5177035%29.jpg/133px-Cartmel_College_residences%2C_University_of_Lancaster_%28geograph_5177035%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="133" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Cartmel_College_residences%2C_University_of_Lancaster_%28geograph_5177035%29.jpg/200px-Cartmel_College_residences%2C_University_of_Lancaster_%28geograph_5177035%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Cartmel_College_residences%2C_University_of_Lancaster_%28geograph_5177035%29.jpg/266px-Cartmel_College_residences%2C_University_of_Lancaster_%28geograph_5177035%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1202" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Cartmel_College,_Lancaster" title="Cartmel College, Lancaster">Cartmel College</a> (1968, relocated 2004)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lancaster_University_61_Pendle_6039.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Pendle College (1974)"><img alt="Pendle residences" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Lancaster_University_61_Pendle_6039.JPG/133px-Lancaster_University_61_Pendle_6039.JPG" decoding="async" width="133" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Lancaster_University_61_Pendle_6039.JPG/200px-Lancaster_University_61_Pendle_6039.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Lancaster_University_61_Pendle_6039.JPG/267px-Lancaster_University_61_Pendle_6039.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Pendle_College,_Lancaster" title="Pendle College, Lancaster">Pendle College</a> (1974)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Grizedale-bar.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Grizedale College (1975)"><img alt="Grizedale College bar and administration block" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/50/Grizedale-bar.jpg/167px-Grizedale-bar.jpg" decoding="async" width="167" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/50/Grizedale-bar.jpg/251px-Grizedale-bar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/50/Grizedale-bar.jpg/334px-Grizedale-bar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1552" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Grizedale_College,_Lancaster" title="Grizedale College, Lancaster">Grizedale College</a> (1975)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Graduate_College_Lancaster.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Graduate College (1992)"><img alt="Graduate College residences and bar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Graduate_College_Lancaster.jpg/125px-Graduate_College_Lancaster.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Graduate_College_Lancaster.jpg/188px-Graduate_College_Lancaster.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Graduate_College_Lancaster.jpg/250px-Graduate_College_Lancaster.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Graduate_College,_Lancaster" title="Graduate College, Lancaster">Graduate College </a> (1992)</div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <p>The university has nine colleges. Formerly, these were quasi-autonomous bodies providing for accommodation, welfare, social-life and student discipline, but are currently centrally controlled. All members of the university are members of a college,<sup id="cite_ref-Colleges_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Colleges-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although in recent years academic staff have had decreasing involvement.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Most colleges have about eight or nine hundred members and all on-campus accommodation is linked to a college, with blocks or individual flats being linked to one college or another each year according to demand.<sup id="cite_ref-Colleges_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Colleges-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The colleges were governed by a syndicate, including a principal (originally a senior academic but nowadays more usually a middle-ranking administrator or IT professional), a <a href="/wiki/Dean_(education)" title="Dean (education)">Dean</a> and assistant deans (responsible for student discipline), together with a senior advisor, heading a team of College Advisors. These were previously known as Senior Tutor and College Tutors, but the titles were changed in 2011 to Advisor to avoid possible confusion with "Academic Advisors" in students' academic departments. Collectively, the colleges are run by their individual SCR (<a href="/wiki/Senior_Common_Room" class="mw-redirect" title="Senior Common Room">Senior Common Room</a>) and JCR (<a href="/wiki/Junior_Common_Room" class="mw-redirect" title="Junior Common Room">Junior Common Room</a>), the latter being made up of student members of the college. </p><p>Prior to the founding of the ninth college, Graduate College, in 1992, the eight colleges housed both undergraduate and postgraduate students. Today all postgraduate students are members of the Graduate College, which was founded to specifically address the needs of postgraduates and provide year-round provision for courses with different term dates.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Students on <a href="/wiki/Master%27s_degree#Types" title="Master's degree">integrated master's degrees</a> however are still considered undergraduates and therefore remain in their original colleges.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Seven of the eight undergraduate colleges are named after regions of the <a href="/wiki/Historic_counties_of_England" title="Historic counties of England">traditional county</a> of <a href="/wiki/Lancashire" title="Lancashire">Lancashire</a>, whilst County College is named after <a href="/wiki/Lancashire_County_Council" title="Lancashire County Council">Lancashire County Council</a> which financed its construction. </p> <table class="sort wikitable sortable" style="margin:1em auto; font-size: 95%;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name </th> <th>Foundation </th> <th>Colours<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Students (2015/16)<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Named after </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bowland_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Bowland College">Bowland College</a> </td> <td>1964 </td> <td><span style="background:#F50002; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span><span style="background:black; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span> </td> <td>1,230 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Forest_of_Bowland" title="Forest of Bowland">Forest of Bowland</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cartmel_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Cartmel College">Cartmel College</a> </td> <td>1968 </td> <td><span style="background:#660056; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span><span style="background:#CBC5AE; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span> </td> <td>1,080 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cartmel_Peninsula" title="Cartmel Peninsula">Cartmel Peninsula</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_County_College" class="mw-redirect" title="The County College">The County College</a></td> <td>1967 </td> <td><span style="background:#FFC72C; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span><span style="background:#003057; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span> </td> <td>1,530 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lancashire" title="Lancashire">Lancashire</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Furness_College,_Lancaster_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Furness College, Lancaster University">Furness College</a> </td> <td>1966 </td> <td><span style="background:#410099; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span><span style="background:#FFFFFF; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span> </td> <td>1,010 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Furness" title="Furness">Furness</a> region </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fylde_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Fylde College">Fylde College</a> </td> <td>1968 </td> <td><span style="background:#E35205; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span><span style="background:#000000; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span> </td> <td>1,040 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Fylde" title="The Fylde">The Fylde</a> peninsula </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Graduate_College,_Lancaster" title="Graduate College, Lancaster">Graduate College</a> </td> <td>1992 </td> <td><span style="background:#b20e10; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span><span style="background:#9b9fa0; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span> </td> <td>3,610 </td> <td>Status as a postgraduate college </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Grizedale_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Grizedale College">Grizedale College</a> </td> <td>1975 </td> <td><span style="background:#6CACE4; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span><span style="background:#003087; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span> </td> <td>1,160 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Grizedale_Forest" title="Grizedale Forest">Grizedale Forest</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lonsdale_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Lonsdale College">Lonsdale College</a> </td> <td>1964 </td> <td><span style="background:#114075; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span><span style="background:#ffffff; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span> </td> <td>1,420 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lonsdale_Hundred" title="Lonsdale Hundred">Lonsdale Hundred</a> (<a href="/wiki/River_Lune" title="River Lune">River Lune</a> and its valley) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pendle_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Pendle College">Pendle College</a> </td> <td>1974 </td> <td><span style="background:#F2A900; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span><span style="background:#007A33; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span> </td> <td>1,160 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Borough_of_Pendle" title="Borough of Pendle">Pendle</a> region </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The college buildings accommodate a number of academic departments, but are primarily social and accommodation facilities, each with its own bar, which forms part of the university's Commercial Services and is open when profitable. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Academic_departments">Academic departments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Academic departments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Post-Graduate_Statistics_Centre.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Post-Graduate_Statistics_Centre.JPG/220px-Post-Graduate_Statistics_Centre.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Post-Graduate_Statistics_Centre.JPG/330px-Post-Graduate_Statistics_Centre.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Post-Graduate_Statistics_Centre.JPG/440px-Post-Graduate_Statistics_Centre.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1936" /></a><figcaption>Postgraduate Statistics Centre</figcaption></figure> <p>The university is divided into four faculties.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Each faculty is led by a Dean, and each academic department by a Head of department.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><b>Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences</b> <ul><li>Department of Educational Research</li> <li>Department of English Literature and Creative Writing</li> <li>Department of History</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_Institute_for_the_Contemporary_Arts" title="Lancaster Institute for the Contemporary Arts">Lancaster Institute for the Contemporary Arts</a> (LICA)</li> <li>Art, Design, Film, Theatre, Architecture</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lancaster.ac.uk/global-affairs/">School of Global Affairs</a></li> <li>Lancaster University Law School</li> <li>Department of Linguistics and English Language</li> <li>Department of Politics, Philosophy and Religion</li> <li>Department of Sociology</li></ul></li> <li><b>Faculty of Health and Medicine</b> <ul><li>Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences</li> <li>Division of Health Research</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_Medical_School" title="Lancaster Medical School">Lancaster Medical School</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>Faculty of Science and Technology</b> <ul><li>Department of Chemistry</li> <li>School of Computing and Communications (SCC)</li> <li>Department of Engineering</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_Environment_Centre" title="Lancaster Environment Centre">Lancaster Environment Centre</a> <dl><dd>(Biological Sciences, Environmental Science, Geography)</dd></dl></li> <li>Department of Mathematics and Statistics</li> <li>Natural Sciences</li> <li>Department of Physics</li> <li>Department of Psychology</li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_University_Management_School" title="Lancaster University Management School">Lancaster University Management School</a></b> <ul><li>Accounting and Finance</li> <li>Centre for Education, Training and Development (CETAD)</li> <li>Department of Economics</li> <li>Department of Entrepreneurship, Strategy and Innovation</li> <li>Department of Leadership and Management</li> <li>Department of Management Science</li> <li>Department of Marketing</li> <li>Department of Organisation, Work and Technology</li></ul></li></ul> </div> <p>The various administrative and technical departments that exist outside of the four faculties are collectively known as Professional Services, and include Facilities, Admissions, and the Library.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Governance">Governance</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Governance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lancaster_University_House_2022.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Lancaster_University_House_2022.jpg/220px-Lancaster_University_House_2022.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Lancaster_University_House_2022.jpg/330px-Lancaster_University_House_2022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Lancaster_University_House_2022.jpg/440px-Lancaster_University_House_2022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6064" data-file-height="3992" /></a><figcaption>University House is home to most of the university's administrative departments</figcaption></figure> <p>The university is governed by two main statutory bodies: the Council and the Senate. </p><p>The council, chaired by the <a href="/wiki/Pro-chancellor" title="Pro-chancellor">Pro-Chancellor</a>, is the governing body, consisting of mainly lay members along with representatives of staff and students. It is responsible for the proper management and financial solvency of the university, with major policy decisions and corporate strategy being subject to its approval. The majority of Council members are "lay members"; neither staff nor students of the university.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Senate of the university, chaired by the Vice-Chancellor, is the principal academic authority. It oversees academic management and sets strategy and priorities, including the curriculum and maintenance of standards. Membership of the Senate consists mainly of the Faculty deans, heads of academic departments, and college principals.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Formerly, a body called the University Court provided a public forum where persons from within and outside Lancaster University could raise any matters regarding the university. A majority of the members of the Court represented the local community and other designated bodies with an interest in the work of the university.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_49-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The final meeting of the Court took place in January 2018, with the university currently planning to replace it with an "Annual Public Meeting".<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Visitor">Visitor</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Visitor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Visitor" title="Visitor">Visitor</a> of the university was <a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen Elizabeth II">Queen Elizabeth II</a>. The visitor is the final arbiter of any dispute within the university, except in those areas where legislation has removed this to the law courts or other <a href="/wiki/Ombudsman" title="Ombudsman">ombudsmen</a>. Student complaints and appeals were heard by the visitor until the Higher Education Act 2004 came into force.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All student complaints are now heard by the <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Independent_Adjudicator" title="Office of the Independent Adjudicator">Office of the Independent Adjudicator for Higher Education</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Chancellor">Chancellor</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Chancellor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_(education)" title="Chancellor (education)">Chancellor</a>, currently <a href="/wiki/Alan_Milburn" title="Alan Milburn">Alan Milburn</a>, is the formal and ceremonial head of the university.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Former Chancellor <a href="/wiki/Sir_Chris_Bonington" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Chris Bonington">Sir Chris Bonington</a> serves as the Chancellor's Ambassador,<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> whilst <a href="/wiki/Alistair_Burt" title="Alistair Burt">Alistair Burt</a> is the current <a href="/wiki/Pro-chancellor" title="Pro-chancellor">Pro-Chancellor</a> and chair of the University Council, succeeding <a href="/wiki/Roger_Liddle,_Baron_Liddle" title="Roger Liddle, Baron Liddle">Roger Liddle</a> in October 2020. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Chancellors of Lancaster University </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Name </th> <th>Duration </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Princess_Alexandra,_The_Honourable_Lady_Ogilvy" title="Princess Alexandra, The Honourable Lady Ogilvy">Princess Alexandra, The Hon Lady Ogilvy</a> <span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Garter" title="Order of the Garter">LG</a> <a href="/wiki/Royal_Victorian_Order" title="Royal Victorian Order">GCVO</a></span> </td> <td>1964–2004 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Sir <a href="/wiki/Chris_Bonington" title="Chris Bonington">Christian Bonington</a> <span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_British_Empire" title="Order of the British Empire">CBE</a></span> </td> <td>2005–2014 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alan_Milburn" title="Alan Milburn">Alan Milburn</a><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>2015–present </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Vice-Chancellor">Vice-Chancellor</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Vice-Chancellor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Vice-Chancellor is the chief academic and executive officer of the university. The Vice-Chancellor is supported by the Deputy Vice-Chancellor, three Pro Vice-Chancellors, and the Provost for Student Experience, Colleges and the Library.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Andrew_John_Schofield" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrew John Schofield">Andrew John Schofield</a> was appointed Vice-Chancellor in November 2019,<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> after the resignation of <a href="/wiki/Mark_Smith_(physicist)" title="Mark Smith (physicist)">Mark Smith</a> in September 2019. Andy took up the post of Vice-Chancellor on 1 May 2020,<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with Steve Bradley holding the position of Interim Vice-Chancellor during the interim period. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Vice-Chancellors of Lancaster University </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Name </th> <th>Duration </th></tr> <tr> <td>Sir <a href="/wiki/Charles_Frederick_Carter" title="Charles Frederick Carter">Charles Carter</a> </td> <td>1964–1980 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Philip Reynolds <span style="font-size:85%;">CBE</span> </td> <td>1980–1985 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Harry Hanham </td> <td>1985–1995 </td></tr> <tr> <td>William Ritchie <span style="font-size:85%;">OBE</span> </td> <td>1995–2002 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Paul_Wellings_(Lancaster_University)" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul Wellings (Lancaster University)">Paul Wellings</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">CBE</span> </td> <td>2002–2011 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mark_Smith_(academic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mark Smith (academic)">Mark Smith</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">CBE</span> </td> <td>2011–2019 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Andy_Schofield" title="Andy Schofield">Andy Schofield</a> </td> <td>2020– </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Academic_profile">Academic profile</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Academic profile"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Admissions">Admissions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Admissions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="floatright"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%; text-align:center; margin-bottom: 5px"> <caption>UCAS Admission Statistics </caption> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <th>2023 </th> <th>2022 </th> <th>2021 </th> <th>2020 </th> <th>2019 </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Applications</b><sup id="cite_ref-mainscheme_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mainscheme-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>α<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-UCASEoC23_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UCASEoC23-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>21,325 </td> <td>21,120 </td> <td>22,210 </td> <td>23,085 </td> <td>20,175 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Accepted</b><sup id="cite_ref-mainscheme_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mainscheme-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>α<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-UCASEoC23_60-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UCASEoC23-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>3,995 </td> <td>4,400 </td> <td>4,115 </td> <td>4,245 </td> <td>4,010 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Applications/Accepted Ratio</b><sup id="cite_ref-mainscheme_59-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mainscheme-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>α<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>5.3 </td> <td>4.8 </td> <td>5.4 </td> <td>5.4 </td> <td>5.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Offer Rate (%)</b><sup id="cite_ref-ukjune_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ukjune-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>β<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-offer_rate22_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-offer_rate22-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>84.6 </td> <td>84.7 </td> <td>88.2 </td> <td>85.4 </td> <td>86.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/UCAS_Tariff" title="UCAS Tariff">Average Entry Tariff</a></b><sup id="cite_ref-CUG_Entry_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CUG_Entry-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>153 </td> <td>150 </td> <td>144 </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="font-size:80%;float:left"> <tbody><tr> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-greek"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-mainscheme-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mainscheme_59-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mainscheme_59-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mainscheme_59-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Main scheme applications, International and UK</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ukjune-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ukjune_61-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">UK domiciled applicants</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable floatright sortable collapsible mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="font-size:85%; text-align:right;"> <caption class="nowrap">HESA Student Body Composition (2022) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Domicile<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Ethnicity<sup id="cite_ref-HESA_ethnicity_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HESA_ethnicity-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2" data-sort-type="number">Total </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/White_people_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="White people in the United Kingdom">British White</a> </td> <td align="right">55% </td> <td align="left"><span style="display:none;">55</span><div style="width:110px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:red"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Classification_of_ethnicity_in_the_United_Kingdom#Collective_terms_for_minority_ethnic_groups" title="Classification of ethnicity in the United Kingdom">British Ethnic Minorities</a><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="right">16% </td> <td align="left"><span style="display:none;">16</span><div style="width:32px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:green"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">International EU</a> </td> <td align="right">7% </td> <td align="left"><span style="display:none;">7</span><div style="width:14px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:blue"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/International_students_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="International students in the United Kingdom">International Non-EU</a> </td> <td align="right">22% </td> <td align="left"><span style="display:none;">22</span><div style="width:44px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:gray"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="4" data-sort-type="number">Undergraduate <a href="/wiki/Widening_participation" title="Widening participation">Widening Participation</a> Indicators<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Times23_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Times23-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Feminism_in_the_United_Kingdom#Education" title="Feminism in the United Kingdom">Female</a> </td> <td align="right">49% </td> <td align="left"><span style="display:none;">49</span><div style="width:98px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:purple"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Private_schools_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Private schools in the United Kingdom">Private School</a> </td> <td align="right">11% </td> <td align="left"><span style="display:none;">11</span><div style="width:22px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:orange"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Low Participation Areas<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="right">8% </td> <td align="left"><span style="display:none;">8</span><div style="width:16px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:black"> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In terms of average <a href="/wiki/UCAS" title="UCAS">UCAS</a> points of entrants, Lancaster ranked joint 25th in Britain in 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The average entry standard at Lancaster is around 159 UCAS points (new tariff system), with almost all courses requiring at least AAA or AAB at A-level as of 2017. </p><p>According to the 2017 <i>Times</i> and <i>Sunday Times</i> Good University Guide, approximately 10% of Lancaster's undergraduates come from independent schools.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 2016–17 academic year, the university had a domicile breakdown of 66:10:23 of UK:EU:non-EU students respectively with a female to male ratio of 51:49.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reputation_and_rankings">Reputation and rankings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Reputation and rankings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title"><a href="/wiki/College_and_university_rankings" title="College and university rankings">Rankings</a></caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e0e0e0;"><a href="/wiki/Rankings_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Rankings of universities in the United Kingdom">National rankings</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><i><a href="/wiki/Rankings_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom#The_Complete_University_Guide" title="Rankings of universities in the United Kingdom">Complete</a></i> (2025)<sup id="cite_ref-Complete_League_Table_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Complete_League_Table-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data">10</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><i><a href="/wiki/Rankings_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom#The_Guardian" title="Rankings of universities in the United Kingdom">Guardian</a></i> (2025)<sup id="cite_ref-The_Guardian_University_Guide_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Guardian_University_Guide-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data">11</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><i><a href="/wiki/Rankings_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom#The_Times/The_Sunday_Times" title="Rankings of universities in the United Kingdom">Times / Sunday Times</a></i> (2025)<sup id="cite_ref-The_Times_and_Sunday_Times_University_Guide_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Times_and_Sunday_Times_University_Guide-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data">12</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e0e0e0;">Global rankings</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><i><a href="/wiki/Academic_Ranking_of_World_Universities" title="Academic Ranking of World Universities">ARWU</a></i> (2024)<sup id="cite_ref-Academic_Ranking_of_World_Universities_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Academic_Ranking_of_World_Universities-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data">301–400</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><i><a href="/wiki/QS_World_University_Rankings" title="QS World University Rankings">QS</a></i> (2025)<sup id="cite_ref-QS_World_University_Rankings_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-QS_World_University_Rankings-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data">141=</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><i><a href="/wiki/Times_Higher_Education_World_University_Rankings" title="Times Higher Education World University Rankings">THE</a></i> (2025)<sup id="cite_ref-THE_World_University_Rankings_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-THE_World_University_Rankings-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data">168=</td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lancaster_10_Years.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Lancaster_10_Years.png/260px-Lancaster_10_Years.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="218" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Lancaster_10_Years.png/390px-Lancaster_10_Years.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Lancaster_10_Years.png/520px-Lancaster_10_Years.png 2x" data-file-width="1240" data-file-height="1040" /></a><figcaption>Lancaster University's <a href="/wiki/Rankings_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Rankings of universities in the United Kingdom">national league table</a> performance over the past ten years</figcaption></figure> <p>In <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sunday_Times" title="The Sunday Times">The Sunday Times</a></i> 10-year (1998–2007) average ranking of British universities based on consistent league table performance, Lancaster was ranked joint 19th overall in the UK.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of recent years, the university has been placed within the top 10 by UK newspaper league tables and in the top 150 worldwide by the main global rankings (see information box for current rankings). It was also ranked the top university in the north-west of England for all ten years of recordings by <i>The Complete University Guide</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2014, its 50th year, Lancaster University was ranked 10th in the <i>THE</i> 100 Under 50, a list of the world's best universities under 50 years old.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It also appeared in the lists of QS 50 under 50 in all the years before 2014 when it was under 50 years old.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Joint_programmes">Joint programmes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Joint programmes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lancaster University partnered with <a href="/wiki/Sunway_University" title="Sunway University">Sunway University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> to offer dual awards undergraduate program since 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-Lancaster_Sunway_Partnership_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lancaster_Sunway_Partnership-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lancaster University entered into a dual degree program with the <a href="/wiki/COMSATS_Institute_of_Information_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="COMSATS Institute of Information Technology">COMSATS Institute of Information Technology</a> (CIIT), Lahore. It simultaneously offered two degrees, from CIIT and Lancaster University; graduates would be alumni of both universities. This was the first programme between a UK and a Pakistani university.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the dual nature of the programme proved problematic<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the relationship ended. </p><p>A partnership in a new university venture, <a href="/wiki/University_Academy_92" title="University Academy 92">University Academy 92</a> was announced in 2017 and began operation in 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lancaster now provides teaching in media, sport, business and psychology at a new campus in Trafford, Greater Manchester.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The project was set up by the 'class of 92' Manchester United soccer players Phil Neville, Nicky Butt, Ryan Giggs, Gary Neville and Paul Scholes. Lancaster wanted a base in Manchester. <i>Subtext</i>, Lancaster's in house critical newsletter, asked: "Why are we taking a 40% financial stake and a 100% reputational share of what is essentially a new university set up with a group of retired footballers?"<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Local opinion on the project was also divided as reached the planning application stage.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Programmes_abroad">Programmes abroad</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Programmes abroad"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In October 2013, Lancaster University announced the opening of a branch campus in <a href="/wiki/Accra" title="Accra">Accra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a>, to serve the population of Ghana and all of Africa, providing a British university-level education locally to those students.<sup id="cite_ref-LUG_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LUG-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The campus is operated in partnership with Transnational Academic Group Ghana Limited, and offers undergraduate and graduate programmes in management, business, Economics & international relations, Politics & International Relations, Accounting & Finance, Marketing, computer science, law and psychology along with an EMBA programme.<sup id="cite_ref-LUG_92-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LUG-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2020, Lancaster opened a new branch campus in Germany, <a href="/wiki/Lancaster_University_Leipzig" title="Lancaster University Leipzig">Lancaster University Leipzig</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The campus is operated in partnership with <a href="/wiki/Navitas_Limited" title="Navitas Limited">Navitas</a>. Programmes offered in Leipzig are equivalent to their counterparts in Lancaster, and students receive their degree from Lancaster University upon graduation.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lancaster opened the Joint Institute for Environmental Research and Education (JIE) in Guangzhou, China in 2016, in partnership with the <a href="/wiki/South_China_Agricultural_University" title="South China Agricultural University">South China Agricultural University</a> (SCAU).<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A joint Environmental Science undergraduate degree began in September 2016 with students spending two years at each institution. </p><p>The Chinese Ministry of Education gave permission in April 2016 for Lancaster to establish Lancaster University College - <a href="/wiki/Beijing_Jiaotong_University" title="Beijing Jiaotong University">Beijing Jiaotong University</a> in Weihai, Shandong province.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Research">Research</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Research"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lancaster's research income for 2021-22 was £48.1 million.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 2014 <a href="/wiki/Research_Excellence_Framework" title="Research Excellence Framework">Research Excellence Framework</a> assessment, Lancaster was ranked 18th out of 128 UK universities, including 13th for the percentage of world-leading research. The university places a particular focus on interdisciplinary research, encouraging collaborative research across academic departments.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2012, Lancaster University announced a partnership with the UK's biggest arms company, (<a href="/wiki/BAE_Systems" title="BAE Systems">BAE Systems</a>), and four other North-Western universities (<a href="/wiki/University_of_Liverpool" title="University of Liverpool">Liverpool</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salford_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Salford University">Salford</a>, <a href="/wiki/UCLAN" class="mw-redirect" title="UCLAN">UCLAN</a> and <a href="/wiki/Manchester_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Manchester University">Manchester</a>) in order to work on the Gamma Programme which aims to develop "autonomous systems". According to the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Liverpool" title="University of Liverpool">University of Liverpool</a> when referring to the programme, "autonomous systems are technology based solutions that replace humans in tasks that are mundane, dangerous and dirty, or detailed and precise, across sectors, including aerospace, nuclear, automotive and petrochemicals".<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated2_101-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated2-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Physics">Physics</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Physics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lancaster University's Physics Department is rated 46% for "world-leading" research with a further 50% rated "internationally excellent" research by REF2021.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are five main research groups within the department: astrophysics, particle and accelerator physics, experimental condensed matter, and theory.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Particle Physics Research Division collaborate with others at <a href="/wiki/CERN" title="CERN">CERN</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fermilab" title="Fermilab">Fermilab</a>, <a href="/wiki/KEK" title="KEK">KEK</a>, and <a href="/wiki/SNOLAB" title="SNOLAB">SNOLAB</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lancaster's research involvement with CERN consists of work with the Neutrino (NP03, <a href="/wiki/Deep_Underground_Neutrino_Experiment" title="Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment">NP04</a>, NP07), <a href="/wiki/CTF3" title="CTF3">CTF3</a>, RE, <a href="/wiki/LHC" class="mw-redirect" title="LHC">LHC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Super_Proton_Synchrotron" title="Super Proton Synchrotron">SPS</a> and R&D research programmes.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Student_life">Student life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Student life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Students'_Union"><span id="Students.27_Union"></span>Students' Union</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Students' Union"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Lancaster_University_Students%27_Union" title="Lancaster University Students' Union">Lancaster University Students' Union</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:31-08-2013_-_LUSU_Central_-_Mae_Reddaway.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/31-08-2013_-_LUSU_Central_-_Mae_Reddaway.jpg/220px-31-08-2013_-_LUSU_Central_-_Mae_Reddaway.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/31-08-2013_-_LUSU_Central_-_Mae_Reddaway.jpg/330px-31-08-2013_-_LUSU_Central_-_Mae_Reddaway.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/31-08-2013_-_LUSU_Central_-_Mae_Reddaway.jpg/440px-31-08-2013_-_LUSU_Central_-_Mae_Reddaway.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>LUSU-run convenience store, located near Pendle/Grizedale College</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_University_Students%27_Union" title="Lancaster University Students' Union">Lancaster University Students' Union</a> (LUSU) is the representative body of students at the university. Unusually, there is no main union building. Instead, the union is organised through the eight college <a href="/wiki/Common_Room_(university)" class="mw-redirect" title="Common Room (university)">JCRs</a>, each of which has its own social venues and meeting spaces. The union is, however, allocated an administration building by the university. <i>SCAN</i> (acronym for <i>Student Comments And News</i>) is the union's newspaper and was established in 1967. LUSU owns a dual-room, 1,100 capacity <a href="/wiki/Nightclub" title="Nightclub">nightclub</a> in Lancaster called The Sugarhouse (which survived an attempt to close it in 2019);<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> operates a shop on campus, LUSU Shop;<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and also an off campus housing agency LUSU Living. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sugar_House_-_Mae_Reddaway.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Sugar_House_-_Mae_Reddaway.JPG/220px-Sugar_House_-_Mae_Reddaway.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Sugar_House_-_Mae_Reddaway.JPG/330px-Sugar_House_-_Mae_Reddaway.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Sugar_House_-_Mae_Reddaway.JPG/440px-Sugar_House_-_Mae_Reddaway.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>The Sugarhouse nightclub</figcaption></figure> <p>LUSU also helps to support LUSU Involve, a volunteering unit allowing Lancaster University students to become involved with communities locally and internationally. </p><p>There are over 175 different societies operating within Lancaster University.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Common areas include sports, hobbies, politics, academic, culture and religion. There are several fairs during the Freshers period in which various clubs and societies promote themselves. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chancellor's_Wharf"><span id="Chancellor.27s_Wharf"></span>Chancellor's Wharf</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Chancellor's Wharf"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chancellors_Wharf_at_Lancaster_University.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Chancellors_Wharf_at_Lancaster_University.jpg/220px-Chancellors_Wharf_at_Lancaster_University.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Chancellors_Wharf_at_Lancaster_University.jpg/330px-Chancellors_Wharf_at_Lancaster_University.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Chancellors_Wharf_at_Lancaster_University.jpg/440px-Chancellors_Wharf_at_Lancaster_University.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Chancellor's Wharf accommodation, located off-campus</figcaption></figure> <p>Chancellor's Wharf is off-campus student accommodation.<sup id="cite_ref-Chancellors_110-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chancellors-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It consists of three buildings by the Lancaster canal on Aldcliffe Road. The location is near the city centre, opposite 'the Water Witch' pub<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Lancaster_Infirmary" title="Royal Lancaster Infirmary">Royal Lancaster Infirmary</a>. It is open to members of all of the university's colleges. Residents remain members of their various colleges, with Chancellor's Wharf itself being only a <a href="/wiki/Hall_of_residence" class="mw-redirect" title="Hall of residence">hall of residence</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Chancellors_110-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chancellors-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sport">Sport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Sport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Every summer term the students take part in the <a href="/wiki/Roses_Tournament" title="Roses Tournament">Roses Tournament</a> against the <a href="/wiki/University_of_York" title="University of York">University of York</a>, this is often described as the biggest varsity competition in Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The venue of the event alternates annually between Lancaster and York. The competition takes its name from the 15th-century civil war, the War of the Roses, and is organised by the universities' respective student unions, LUSU and YUSU. </p><p>Lancaster University Athletics Club (LUAC) was formed in May 2011. The start of the 2011/12 academic year saw the first athletes join the club and by the end of the year receive awards for LUSU 'Society of the Year 2012' and were winners of the Lancaster Athletics Cup 2012. In the 2012/13 academic year the club was given the opportunity to compete in <a href="/wiki/BUCS" class="mw-redirect" title="BUCS">BUCS</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roses_Tournament" title="Roses Tournament">Roses</a> along with other sporting societies at Lancaster University.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lancaster University Swimming and Water Polo Club (LUSWP, formally known as LUST) competes in both <a href="/wiki/BUCS" class="mw-redirect" title="BUCS">BUCS</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roses_Tournament" title="Roses Tournament">Roses</a> in the sports <a href="/wiki/Swimming_(sport)" title="Swimming (sport)">swimming</a> and <a href="/wiki/Water_polo" title="Water polo">water polo</a>. The swimming team also competes in other charity galas, such as Quest for The Crest, held at <a href="/wiki/Manchester_Aquatics_Centre" title="Manchester Aquatics Centre">Manchester Aquatics Centre</a>. The <a href="/wiki/BUCS" class="mw-redirect" title="BUCS">BUCS</a> swimming competitions include BUCS Short Course National Championships, BUCS Team Championships, and BUCS Long Course Championships, of which there has recently been attendance from <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Games" title="Olympic Games">Olympic</a> swimmers such as <a href="/wiki/James_Guy_(swimmer)" title="James Guy (swimmer)">James Guy</a> and 50m & 100m World Champion <a href="/wiki/Adam_Peaty" title="Adam Peaty">Adam Peaty</a>. In addition, the water polo team competes in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=UPOLO&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UPOLO (page does not exist)">UPOLO</a> league. LUSWP won the Lancaster University 'Club of the Year' in both academic years 2015/2016, and 2016/2017. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Intercollegiate_sport">Intercollegiate sport</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Intercollegiate sport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A number of intercollegiate sporting events exist within the university. Leagues exist in football, netball, pool, darts and dominoes. Pool, darts and dominoes collectively form an overall "bar sports" league known as the George Wyatt Cup.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Carter Shield is contested between every college with bi-weekly matches open to all, and is intended as a light-hearted competition to promote lesser-known sports.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are also a number of annual sporting events between specific colleges: </p> <ul><li><b>Founders</b> is contested every year between Bowland and Lonsdale, the two oldest colleges at the university. The competition was created in 2004 to ensure that the friendly rivalry between the two colleges would continue after Lonsdale's relocation meant they would no longer be neighbours.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 2018 Founders series was officially cancelled after disagreements between the two colleges, but continued unofficially under the tongue-in-cheek name "Undergrounders".<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Legends</b> was formerly contested between Grizedale, County, Pendle and Fylde colleges. Following Fylde and subsequently County's withdrawal in 2017, it was replaced by <b>Titans</b> (County/Fylde) and <b>Warriors</b> (Grizedale/Pendle).<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Patriots</b> is contested between Furness and Cartmel Colleges.<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arts,_media_and_culture"><span id="Arts.2C_media_and_culture"></span>Arts, media and culture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Arts, media and culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Alongside sport, Lancaster University has a vast selection of arts societies across campus in the areas of performance, media and music. Examples of performance-based societies include Lancaster University Theatre Group (LUTG), the Comedy Institute, Lancaster University Film Production (LUFP), University of Lancaster Music society (ULMS), and HipHop and Breakdance. There is also the Vagina Monolancs, a student-run group performing the Vagina Monologues, raising awareness of domestic violence against women and girls. In addition, the four established student media groups consist of the student radio station <a href="/wiki/Bailrigg_FM" title="Bailrigg FM">Bailrigg FM</a>, the student newspaper <a href="/wiki/SCAN_(newspaper)" title="SCAN (newspaper)">SCAN</a> established in 1967 and the student union's television station <a href="/wiki/LA1:TV" class="mw-redirect" title="LA1:TV">LA1TV</a> as well as Take 2 Cinema, an on-campus cinema, based in Bowland Main Lecture Theatre which was established in 1964.<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religious_groups">Religious groups</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Religious groups"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lancaster_University_Chaplaincy_Centre_1024.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Lancaster_University_Chaplaincy_Centre_1024.jpg/220px-Lancaster_University_Chaplaincy_Centre_1024.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Lancaster_University_Chaplaincy_Centre_1024.jpg/330px-Lancaster_University_Chaplaincy_Centre_1024.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Lancaster_University_Chaplaincy_Centre_1024.jpg/440px-Lancaster_University_Chaplaincy_Centre_1024.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>The Chaplaincy Centre, with its iconic spire and three lobes</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Lancaster_University_Chaplaincy_Centre" title="Lancaster University Chaplaincy Centre">Lancaster University Chaplaincy Centre</a> is located at the north end of campus incorporating various religious groups such as Christian (Anglicans, Catholics, Orthodox,<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Quakers), Jewish, Buddhist, and Hindu<sup id="cite_ref-lancaster.ac.uk_125-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lancaster.ac.uk-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as various religious societies including the Bahá'í, the Chinese Christian Fellowship, the Postgrad and Mature Students Group, and the Pagan society which hold regular events and meetings.<sup id="cite_ref-lancaster.ac.uk_125-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lancaster.ac.uk-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Islamic Prayer Rooms are located across from the Chaplaincy Centre, in Ash House. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alumni">Alumni</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Alumni"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Category:Alumni_of_Lancaster_University" title="Category:Alumni of Lancaster University">Category:Alumni of Lancaster University</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Business">Business</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Business"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/W._Brian_Arthur" title="W. Brian Arthur">W. Brian Arthur</a>, Operational Research (1967) – Economist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antony_Burgmans" title="Antony Burgmans">Antony Burgmans</a>, Marketing (1971, Bowland) – Former Chairman of <a href="/wiki/Unilever" title="Unilever">Unilever</a> (until 2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Cuthbertson" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Cuthbertson">Richard Cuthbertson</a>, Management Science (1986) – Research Director of the Oxford Institute of Retail Management, <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxford University">Oxford University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jon_Moulton" title="Jon Moulton">Jon Moulton</a>, Chemistry (1973, Furness) – Founder, <a href="/wiki/Better_Capital" title="Better Capital">Better Capital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Price_(businessman)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mark Price (businessman)">Mark Price</a>, Classics & Archaeology (1982, Bowland) – Managing Director of <a href="/wiki/Waitrose" title="Waitrose">Waitrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Sewell" title="Bruce Sewell">Bruce Sewell</a>, Psychology (1979, Bowland) – Former Senior Vice President and General Counsel, <a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple</a><sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashni_Singh" title="Ashni Singh">Ashni Singh</a>, Accounting and Finance (2000, Graduate College) - Minister of Finance, Guyana</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Snowden" title="Dave Snowden">Dave Snowden</a>, Philosophy (1975, County) – Knowledge Management researcher and consultant</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahed_Taher" title="Nahed Taher">Nahed Taher</a>, Economics (2001, Graduate College) – CEO, Gulf One Investment</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Linguistics">Linguistics</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Linguistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Baker_(linguist)" title="Paul Baker (linguist)">Paul Baker</a>, PhD in Applied Linguistics – Professor of Linguistics, Lancaster University</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elena_Semino" title="Elena Semino">Elena Semino</a>, PhD in Applied Linguistics – Professor of Linguistics, Lancaster University</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Sunderland" title="Jane Sunderland">Jane Sunderland</a>, PhD in Applied Linguistics – Professor of Linguistics, Lancaster University</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veronika_Koller" title="Veronika Koller">Veronika Koller</a>, PhD in Applied Linguistics – Professor of Linguistics, Lancaster University</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Media">Media</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Allinson" title="Richard Allinson">Richard Allinson</a>, Economics (1980, Fylde) – Radio presenter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Barfe" title="Louis Barfe">Louis Barfe</a>, Politics (1995, Fylde) – Journalist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stewart_Binns" title="Stewart Binns">Stewart Binns</a>, Politics & Modern History (c.1971?) – Filmmaker and author</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Fisk" title="Robert Fisk">Robert Fisk</a>, English Literature (1968, Lonsdale) – Middle East correspondent, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_May" title="James May">James May</a>, Music (1985, Pendle) – Television presenter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satnam_Rana" title="Satnam Rana">Satnam Rana</a>, French Studies (1999, Grizedale) – Television presenter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranvir_Singh" title="Ranvir Singh">Ranvir Singh</a>, English and Philosophy (1998, Pendle) – Television presenter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Tucker-Jones" title="Anthony Tucker-Jones">Anthony Tucker-Jones</a>, International Relations and Strategic Studies (1988) – Military historian and author</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Arts">Arts</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Arts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Ashton-Griffiths" title="Roger Ashton-Griffiths">Roger Ashton-Griffiths</a>, Music (1978, Furness) – Actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damian_Barr" title="Damian Barr">Damian Barr</a>, Sociology and English Literature (1998, Bowland) and MA Contemporary Sociology (2000) – Journalist and writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paula_Brackston" title="Paula Brackston">Paula Brackston</a>, MA Creative Writing – Writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucy_Briers" title="Lucy Briers">Lucy Briers</a>, Independent Studies (1988, Cartmel) – Actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Clegg_(writer)" title="Brian Clegg (writer)">Brian Clegg</a>, Operational Research (1977, Bowland) – Author of popular science books</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Delaney" title="Joseph Delaney">Joseph Delaney</a>, English (1975, Lonsdale) – Writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Fleeshman" title="Emily Fleeshman">Emily Fleeshman</a>, Theatre Studies (2007) – Actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Ford_(composer)" title="Andrew Ford (composer)">Andrew Ford</a>, Music (1978, Cartmel) – Composer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liam_Gerrard" title="Liam Gerrard">Liam Gerrard</a>, Theatre Studies (2004, Grizedale) – Actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Hersch" title="Rainer Hersch">Rainer Hersch</a>, Economics (1985, Cartmel) – Comedian and musician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ursula_Holden-Gill" title="Ursula Holden-Gill">Ursula Holden-Gill</a>, Theatre Studies (1999, Graduate College) – Actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janni_Howker" title="Janni Howker">Janni Howker</a>, Independent Studies (1980, Cartmel) and MA Creative Writing (1984) – Writer of teenage fiction</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tez_Ilyas" title="Tez Ilyas">Tez Ilyas</a>, Biochemistry (2004) – Comedian</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Ineson" title="Ralph Ineson">Ralph Ineson</a>, Theatre Studies (1991, Furness) – Actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Ings" title="Daniel Ings">Daniel Ings</a>, Theatre Studies (2008) – Actor, including in Netflix hit series The Gentlemen.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karen_Lloyd" title="Karen Lloyd">Karen Lloyd</a>, Creative Writing – Author and environmentalist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ursula_Martinez" title="Ursula Martinez">Ursula Martinez</a>, French and Theatre Studies – Performance artist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Miller_(novelist)" title="Andrew Miller (novelist)">Andrew Miller</a>, Creative Writing (1997) – Novelist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caroline_Moir" title="Caroline Moir">Caroline Moir</a>, English Literature – Author</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piri" title="Piri">Piri</a>, Chemistry (2020) – Musician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Serkis" title="Andy Serkis">Andy Serkis</a>, Independent Studies (1985, County) – Actor. He is on the <a href="/wiki/List_of_highest-grossing_actors" title="List of highest-grossing actors">List of highest-grossing actors</a> of all time.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dean_Sullivan" title="Dean Sullivan">Dean Sullivan</a>, Teaching Degree – Actor (Played <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Corkhill" title="Jimmy Corkhill">Jimmy Corkhill</a> in <a href="/wiki/Brookside_(television_programme)" class="mw-redirect" title="Brookside (television programme)">Brookside</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo_Walton" title="Jo Walton">Jo Walton</a>, (1985) - Writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Waters" title="Sarah Waters">Sarah Waters</a>, English Literature (1988, Graduate College) – Author</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Whalley" title="Peter Whalley">Peter Whalley</a>, Philosophy (1967, Lonsdale) – Writer</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Politics_and_law">Politics and law</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Politics and law"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Audrey_Azoulay" title="Audrey Azoulay">Audrey Azoulay</a>, Business Administration (1993) – French politician and former Minister of Culture</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Bristow" title="Paul Bristow">Paul Bristow</a>, History and Politics (Cartmel) – Former MP for <a href="/wiki/Peterborough_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Peterborough (UK Parliament constituency)">Peterborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Campbell_(politician)" title="Alan Campbell (politician)">Sir Alan Campbell</a>, Politics (1978, Furness) – MP for <a href="/wiki/Tynemouth_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Tynemouth (UK Parliament constituency)">Tynemouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Danczuk" title="Simon Danczuk">Simon Danczuk</a>, Sociology (1992, Cartmel) – Former MP for <a href="/wiki/Rochdale_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Rochdale (UK Parliament constituency)">Rochdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hilton_Dawson" title="Hilton Dawson">Hilton Dawson</a>, Social Admin (1982, Pendle) – Former MP for <a href="/wiki/Lancaster_and_Wyre_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Lancaster and Wyre (UK Parliament constituency)">Lancaster and Wyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzanne_Evans" title="Suzanne Evans">Suzanne Evans</a>, Religious Studies (1987, Cartmel) – Former Deputy Chairman of the <a href="/wiki/UK_Independence_Party" title="UK Independence Party">UK Independence Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo_Grady" title="Jo Grady">Jo Grady</a> – General Secretary of the University and College Union (UCU)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theresa_Griffin" title="Theresa Griffin">Theresa Griffin</a>, English and Theatre Studies (1984, Cartmel) and MA Theatre Studies (1985) – Former <a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Member of the European Parliament">MEP</a> for North West England</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rami_Hamdallah" title="Rami Hamdallah">Rami Hamdallah</a>, Linguistics (1988, Graduate College) – Former Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Henig,_Baroness_Henig" title="Ruth Henig, Baroness Henig">Ruth Henig, Baroness Henig</a> <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Commander_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander of the Order of the British Empire">CBE</a></span> <span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Lieutenant" class="mw-redirect" title="Deputy Lieutenant">DL</a></span></span>, PhD in history (1978) – Academic and Deputy Speaker in the House of Lords</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Humble" title="Joan Humble">Joan Humble</a>, History (1972, Lonsdale) – Former MP for <a href="/wiki/Blackpool_North_and_Fleetwood_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Blackpool North and Fleetwood (UK Parliament constituency)">Blackpool North & Fleetwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Milburn" title="Alan Milburn">Alan Milburn</a>, History (1979, Pendle) – Chancellor of Lancaster University and former MP for <a href="/wiki/Darlington_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Darlington (UK Parliament constituency)">Darlington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Payne_(politician)" title="Michael Payne (politician)">Michael Payne</a>, Law (Cartmel) – MP for <a href="/wiki/Gedling_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Gedling (UK Parliament constituency)">Gedling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colin_Pickthall" title="Colin Pickthall">Colin Pickthall</a>, Creative Writing (1967, Lonsdale) – Former MP for <a href="/wiki/West_Lancashire_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="West Lancashire (UK Parliament constituency)">Lancashire West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Roca" title="Tim Roca">Tim Roca</a>, History (2007, Fylde) – MP for <a href="/wiki/Macclesfield_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Macclesfield (UK Parliament constituency)">Macclesfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat_Smith" title="Cat Smith">Cat Smith</a>, Sociology and Gender Studies (2006, Cartmel) – MP for <a href="/wiki/Lancaster_and_Fleetwood_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Lancaster and Fleetwood (UK Parliament constituency)">Lancaster and Fleetwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Southworth" title="Helen Southworth">Helen Southworth</a>, English (1978, Lonsdale) – Former MP for <a href="/wiki/Warrington_South_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Warrington South (UK Parliament constituency)">Warrington South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baddegama_Samitha_Thero" title="Baddegama Samitha Thero">Baddegama Samitha Thero</a> – Former MP of <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Parliament of Sri Lanka">Parliament of Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Wakeford" title="Christian Wakeford">Christian Wakeford</a> – Politics (2007, Grizedale) – MP for <a href="/wiki/Bury_South_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Bury South (UK Parliament constituency)">Bury South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Wheeler_(politician)" title="Michael Wheeler (politician)">Michael Wheeler</a> – MP for <a href="/wiki/Worsley_and_Eccles_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Worsley and Eccles (UK Parliament constituency)">Worsley and Eccles</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sport_2">Sport</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Sport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louie_Hinchliffe" title="Louie Hinchliffe">Louie Hinchliffe</a> – Team GB athlete</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Nicholson_(cricketer)" title="Philip Nicholson (cricketer)">Philip Nicholson</a> – Northumberland cricketer<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_Queally" title="Jason Queally">Jason Queally</a> <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_British_Empire" title="Order of the British Empire">MBE</a></span></span>, Biological Sciences (1992, Bowland) – Cyclist</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Education">Education</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Morris_(accountant)" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfred Morris (accountant)">Alfred Morris</a>, Accounting and Finance (1970, Graduate College) – Former Vice-Chancellor of University of West of England (until 2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belinda_Probert" title="Belinda Probert">Belinda Probert</a>, PhD in Politics (1976) – Former deputy Vice-Chancellor, <a href="/wiki/La_Trobe_University" title="La Trobe University">La Trobe University</a> (2008–2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mimi_Sheller" title="Mimi Sheller">Mimi Sheller</a>, PG Cert Learning and Teaching in Higher Education (2003) – Professor of Sociology, <a href="/wiki/Drexel_University" title="Drexel University">Drexel University</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Science">Science</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Science"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_Favis-Mortlock" title="David Favis-Mortlock">David Favis-Mortlock</a>, Environmental Sciences (1975, Furness) – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eci.ox.ac.uk/">Environmental Change Institute</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">University of Oxford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Mercer" title="Sarah Mercer">Sarah Mercer</a>, Phd in Applied linguistics (2008) – Professor of Linguistics, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Graz" title="University of Graz">University of Graz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ng_Cho-nam" title="Ng Cho-nam">Ng Cho-nam</a>, PhD in Environmental Sciences – Associate Professor of Geography, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Hong_Kong" title="University of Hong Kong">University of Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raoni_Raj%C3%A3o" title="Raoni Rajão">Raoni Rajão</a>, PhD in Organisation, Work and Technology – Associate Professor of Production Engineering, <a href="/wiki/Federal_University_of_Minas_Gerais" title="Federal University of Minas Gerais">Federal University of Minas Gerais</a> and Director for Deforestation Control Policies, <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Environment_and_Climate_Change_(Brazil)" title="Ministry of Environment and Climate Change (Brazil)">Ministry of Environment and Climate Change (Brazil)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucy_Rogers" title="Lucy Rogers">Lucy Rogers</a>, BEng Engineering (1995, Fylde) and PhD in engineering (2001) – Inventor and Science Communicator<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armorial_of_UK_universities" class="mw-redirect" title="Armorial of UK universities">Armorial of UK universities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of universities in the United Kingdom">List of universities in the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plate_glass_university" title="Plate glass university">Plate glass university</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Includes those who indicate that they identify as <a href="/wiki/British_Asian" class="mw-redirect" title="British Asian">Asian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Black_British_people" title="Black British people">Black</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mixed_(United_Kingdom_ethnicity_category)" title="Mixed (United Kingdom ethnicity category)">Mixed Heritage</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_Arabs" title="British Arabs">Arab</a> or any other ethnicity except White.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Calculated from the Polar4 measure, using Quintile1, in England and Wales. Calculated from the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation (SIMD) measure, using SIMD20, in Scotland.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Lancaster_Financial_Statement_22/23-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lancaster_Financial_Statement_22/23_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lancaster_Financial_Statement_22/23_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lancaster_Financial_Statement_22/23_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lancaster.ac.uk/depts/finance/2023%20Lancaster%20University%20Annual%20Accounts.pdf">"Financial Statements for the Year to 31 July 2023"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Lancaster University. p. 36<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 February</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SCAN&rft.atitle=Bragging+Rights%3A+Why+you+should+join+College+Sport&rft.date=2017-10-04&rft.aulast=Pearson&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscan.lusu.co.uk%2Findex.php%2F2017%2F10%2F04%2Fbragging-rights-why-you-should-join-college-sport%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALancaster+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBickley2015" class="citation news cs1">Bickley, Chris (23 September 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scan.lusu.co.uk/index.php/2015/09/23/college-sport-at-lancaster/">"College Sport at Lancaster"</a>. <i>SCAN</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 February</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SCAN&rft.atitle=College+Sport+at+Lancaster&rft.date=2015-09-23&rft.aulast=Bickley&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscan.lusu.co.uk%2Findex.php%2F2015%2F09%2F23%2Fcollege-sport-at-lancaster%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALancaster+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lancastersu.co.uk/groups">"Groups @ Lancaster Students' Union"</a>. <i>lancastersu.co.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=lancastersu.co.uk&rft.atitle=Groups+%40+Lancaster+Students%27+Union&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flancastersu.co.uk%2Fgroups&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALancaster+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.orthodox-lancaster.org.uk">"The website of the Orthodox community of Lancaster University"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+website+of+the+Orthodox+community+of+Lancaster+University&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.orthodox-lancaster.org.uk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALancaster+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lancaster.ac.uk-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-lancaster.ac.uk_125-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lancaster.ac.uk_125-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.lancaster.ac.uk/depts/chap_cen">http://www.lancaster.ac.uk/depts/chap_cen</a> The Lancaster University chaplaincy Center website</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDowling2009" class="citation web cs1">Dowling, Steve (15 September 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2009/09/15Bruce-Sewell-to-Join-Apple-as-General-Counsel-SVP/">"Bruce Sewell to Join Apple as General Counsel & SVP"</a>. <i>Apple</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Apple&rft.atitle=Bruce+Sewell+to+Join+Apple+as+General+Counsel+%26+SVP&rft.date=2009-09-15&rft.aulast=Dowling&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.apple.com%2Fnewsroom%2F2009%2F09%2F15Bruce-Sewell-to-Join-Apple-as-General-Counsel-SVP%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALancaster+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/7/7208/7208.html">"Profile of Philip Nicholson"</a></span>. <i>Cricket Archive</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 April</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cricket+Archive&rft.atitle=Profile+of+Philip+Nicholson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcricketarchive.com%2FArchive%2FPlayers%2F7%2F7208%2F7208.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALancaster+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lancaster.ac.uk/news/alumni-awards-for-high-flying-lancaster-graduates">"Alumni awards for high-flying Lancaster graduates"</a>. <i>www.lancaster.ac.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.lancaster.ac.uk&rft.atitle=Alumni+awards+for+high-flying+Lancaster+graduates&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lancaster.ac.uk%2Fnews%2Falumni-awards-for-high-flying-lancaster-graduates&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALancaster+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120314032613/http://www.lancs.ac.uk/depts/estates/documents/Lancaster%20University%20Masterplan%20P1%20080131.pdf">Masterplan 2007–2017 Part 1</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120314032702/http://www.lancs.ac.uk/depts/estates/documents/Lancaster%20University%20Masterplan%20P2%20080131.pdf">Masterplan 2007–2017 Part 2</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcClintock1974" class="citation cs2">McClintock, Marion E. (1974), <i>University of Lancaster: Quest for Innovation (History of the First Ten Years)</i>, University of Lancaster, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-904-40602-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-904-40602-3"><bdi>978-0-904-40602-3</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=University+of+Lancaster%3A+Quest+for+Innovation+%28History+of+the+First+Ten+Years%29&rft.pub=University+of+Lancaster&rft.date=1974&rft.isbn=978-0-904-40602-3&rft.aulast=McClintock&rft.aufirst=Marion+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALancaster+University" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcClintock2011" class="citation cs2">McClintock, Marion E. (2011), <i>Shaping the Future: A History of the University of Lancaster 1961–2011</i>, University of Lancaster, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-862-20286-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-862-20286-3"><bdi>978-1-862-20286-3</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shaping+the+Future%3A+A+History+of+the+University+of+Lancaster+1961%E2%80%932011&rft.pub=University+of+Lancaster&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-862-20286-3&rft.aulast=McClintock&rft.aufirst=Marion+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALancaster+University" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_University&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: External 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style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Lancaster_University" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Lancaster University"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Lancaster_University" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Lancaster University</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#b5121b; color:white;;width:1%">Colleges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bowland_College,_Lancaster" title="Bowland College, Lancaster">Bowland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cartmel_College,_Lancaster" title="Cartmel College, Lancaster">Cartmel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_County_College,_Lancaster" title="The County College, Lancaster">County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Furness_College,_Lancaster" title="Furness College, Lancaster">Furness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fylde_College,_Lancaster" title="Fylde College, Lancaster">Fylde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graduate_College,_Lancaster" title="Graduate College, Lancaster">Graduate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grizedale_College,_Lancaster" title="Grizedale College, Lancaster">Grizedale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lonsdale_College,_Lancaster" title="Lonsdale College, Lancaster">Lonsdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pendle_College,_Lancaster" title="Pendle College, Lancaster">Pendle</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lancaster_University_chaplaincy_centre_spire_and_logo.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Chaplaincy Centre at Lancaster University campus"><img alt="The Chaplaincy Centre at Lancaster University campus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Lancaster_University_chaplaincy_centre_spire_and_logo.jpg/180px-Lancaster_University_chaplaincy_centre_spire_and_logo.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Lancaster_University_chaplaincy_centre_spire_and_logo.jpg/270px-Lancaster_University_chaplaincy_centre_spire_and_logo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Lancaster_University_chaplaincy_centre_spire_and_logo.jpg/360px-Lancaster_University_chaplaincy_centre_spire_and_logo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#b5121b; color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:People_associated_with_Lancaster_University" title="Category:People associated with Lancaster University"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">People</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Chancellor:</b> <a href="/wiki/Alan_Milburn" title="Alan Milburn">Alan Milburn</a></li> <li><b>Vice-Chancellor:</b> <a href="/wiki/Andy_Schofield" title="Andy Schofield">Andy Schofield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Academics_of_Lancaster_University" title="Category:Academics of Lancaster University">Academics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Alumni_of_Lancaster_University" title="Category:Alumni of Lancaster University">Alumni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice-Chancellor_of_the_County_Palatine_of_Lancaster" title="Vice-Chancellor of the County Palatine of Lancaster">Vice-Chancellor of the County Palatine of Lancaster</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#b5121b; color:white;;width:1%">Buildings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bailrigg" title="Bailrigg">Bailrigg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/InfoLab21" title="InfoLab21">InfoLab21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Ruskin,_Lancaster" title="The Ruskin, Lancaster">The Ruskin: Library, Museum and Research Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_University_Chaplaincy_Centre" title="Lancaster University Chaplaincy Centre">Chaplaincy Centre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#b5121b; color:white;;width:1%">Departments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_Environment_Centre" title="Lancaster Environment Centre">Lancaster Environment Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_Institute_for_the_Contemporary_Arts" title="Lancaster Institute for the Contemporary Arts">Lancaster Institute for the Contemporary Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_University_Management_School" title="Lancaster University Management School">Management School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_Medical_School" title="Lancaster Medical School">Medical School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_Arts_at_Lancaster_University" title="Lancaster Arts at Lancaster University">Lancaster Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richardson_Institute" title="Richardson Institute">Richardson Institute</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#b5121b; color:white;;width:1%">Student life</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_University_Students%27_Union" title="Lancaster University Students' Union">Lancaster University Students' Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bailrigg_FM" title="Bailrigg FM">Bailrigg FM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LA1TV" title="LA1TV">LA1TV</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/SCAN_(newspaper)" title="SCAN (newspaper)">SCAN</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/InterVol" title="InterVol">International Volunteers (InterVol)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_University_Boat_Club" title="Lancaster University Boat Club">Boat Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roses_Tournament" title="Roses Tournament">Roses Tournament</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#b5121b; color:white;;width:1%">Symbols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Lancaster_University" title="Coat of arms of Lancaster University">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Rose_of_Lancaster" title="Red Rose of Lancaster">Red Rose of Lancaster</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:#b5121b; color:white;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Lancaster_University" title="Category:Lancaster University"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Category</span></a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Lancaster_University" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Lancaster University"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Commons</span></a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Links_to_related_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Links_to_related_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Links to related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Universities_and_colleges_in_North_West_England" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Universities_and_colleges_in_North_West_England" title="Template:Universities and colleges in North West England"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Universities_and_colleges_in_North_West_England" title="Template talk:Universities and colleges in North West England"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Universities_and_colleges_in_North_West_England" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Universities and colleges in North West England"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Universities_and_colleges_in_North_West_England" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Universities and colleges in <a href="/wiki/North_West_England" title="North West England">North West England</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Universities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bolton" title="University of Bolton">Bolton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BPP_University" title="BPP University">BPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Central_Lancashire" title="University of Central Lancashire">Central Lancashire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chester" title="University of Chester">Chester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Cumbria" title="University of Cumbria">Cumbria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edge_Hill_University" title="Edge Hill University">Edge Hill</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lancaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Law" title="University of Law">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Liverpool" title="University of Liverpool">Liverpool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liverpool_Hope_University" title="Liverpool Hope University">Liverpool Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liverpool_John_Moores_University" title="Liverpool John Moores University">Liverpool John Moores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liverpool_School_of_Tropical_Medicine" title="Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine">Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Manchester" title="University of Manchester">Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester_Metropolitan_University" title="Manchester Metropolitan University">Manchester Metropolitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Salford" title="University of Salford">Salford</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">University colleges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_Academy_92" title="University Academy 92">UA92</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Northern_College_of_Music" title="Royal Northern College of Music">Royal Northern College of Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Baird_College" title="Hugh Baird College">Hugh Baird University Centre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Further Education colleges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accrington_and_Rossendale_College" title="Accrington and Rossendale College">Accrington & Rossendale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackburn_College_(Blackburn_with_Darwen)" class="mw-redirect" title="Blackburn College (Blackburn with Darwen)">Blackburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackpool_and_The_Fylde_College" title="Blackpool and The Fylde College">Blackpool & The Fylde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolton_College" title="Bolton College">Bolton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burnley_College" title="Burnley College">Burnley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bury_College" title="Bury College">Bury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlisle_College" title="Carlisle College">Carlisle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Co-operative_College" title="Co-operative College">Co-operative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Furness_College,_Barrow-in-Furness" title="Furness College, Barrow-in-Furness">Furness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hopwood_Hall_College" title="Hopwood Hall College">Hopwood Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Baird_College" title="Hugh Baird College">Hugh Baird College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kendal_College" title="Kendal College">Kendal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knowsley_Community_College" title="Knowsley Community College">Knowsley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakes_College" title="Lakes College">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_and_Morecambe_College" title="Lancaster and Morecambe College">Lancaster & Morecambe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_City_of_Liverpool_College" class="mw-redirect" title="The City of Liverpool College">Liverpool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macclesfield_College" title="Macclesfield College">Macclesfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Manchester_College" title="The Manchester College">Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid_Cheshire_College" title="Mid Cheshire College">Mid Cheshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myerscough_College" title="Myerscough College">Myerscough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_and_Colne_College" title="Nelson and Colne College">Nelson & Colne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldham_College" title="Oldham College">Oldham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preston%27s_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Preston's College">Preston's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reaseheath_College" title="Reaseheath College">Reaseheath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverside_College,_Halton" class="mw-redirect" title="Riverside College, Halton">Riverside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runshaw_College" title="Runshaw College">Runshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Helens_College" title="St Helens College">St Helens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salford_City_College" title="Salford City College">Salford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Cheshire_College" title="South Cheshire College">South Cheshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southport_College" title="Southport College">Southport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockport_College" title="Stockport College">Stockport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tameside_College" title="Tameside College">Tameside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trafford_College" title="Trafford College">Trafford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warrington_Collegiate" class="mw-redirect" title="Warrington Collegiate">Warrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Cheshire_College" title="West Cheshire College">West Cheshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Lancashire_College" title="West Lancashire College">West Lancashire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wigan_and_Leigh_College" title="Wigan and Leigh College">Wigan & Leigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wirral_Metropolitan_College" title="Wirral Metropolitan College">Wirral Metropolitan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sixth form colleges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aquinas_College,_Stockport" title="Aquinas College, Stockport">Aquinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashton_Sixth_Form_College" title="Ashton Sixth Form College">Ashton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrow_Sixth_Form_College" title="Barrow Sixth Form College">Barrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birkenhead_Sixth_Form_College" title="Birkenhead Sixth Form College">Birkenhead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackpool_Sixth_Form_College" title="Blackpool Sixth Form College">Blackpool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolton_Sixth_Form_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolton Sixth Form College">Bolton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Newman_College" title="Cardinal Newman College">Cardinal Newman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carmel_College_(St_Helens)" title="Carmel College (St Helens)">Carmel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheadle_and_Marple_Sixth_Form_College" title="Cheadle and Marple Sixth Form College">Cheadle & Marple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarendon_Sixth_Form_College" title="Clarendon Sixth Form College">Clarendon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connell_Sixth_Form_College" title="Connell Sixth Form College">Connell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Cross_College_(UK)" title="Holy Cross College (UK)">Holy Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_George_V_College" title="King George V College">King George V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_University_School_of_Mathematics" title="Lancaster University School of Mathematics">LUSoM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loreto_College,_Manchester" title="Loreto College, Manchester">Loreto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldham_Sixth_Form_College" title="Oldham Sixth Form College">Oldham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priestley_College" title="Priestley College">Priestley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainford_High_School#Rainford_High_Sixth_Form" title="Rainford High School">Rainford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rochdale_Sixth_Form_College" title="Rochdale Sixth Form College">Rochdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Deane%27s_College" title="Sir John Deane's College">Sir John Deane's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_John_Rigby_College_(Wigan)" class="mw-redirect" title="St John Rigby College (Wigan)">St John Rigby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Mary%27s_College,_Blackburn" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Mary's College, Blackburn">St Mary's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Sefton_College" class="mw-redirect" title="South Sefton College">South Sefton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winstanley_College" title="Winstanley College">Winstanley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xaverian_College" title="Xaverian College">Xaverian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link 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navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglia_Ruskin_University" title="Anglia Ruskin University">Anglia Ruskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bedfordshire" title="University of Bedfordshire">Bedfordshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Cambridge" title="University of Cambridge">Cambridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cranfield_University" title="Cranfield University">Cranfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_East_Anglia" title="University of East Anglia">East Anglia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Essex" title="University of Essex">Essex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Hertfordshire" title="University of Hertfordshire">Hertfordshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwich_University_of_the_Arts" title="Norwich University of the Arts">Norwich University of the Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Suffolk" title="University of Suffolk">Suffolk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_and_higher_education_colleges_in_London" title="List of universities and higher education colleges in London">London</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University <br /> of London</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Birkbeck,_University_of_London" title="Birkbeck, University of London">Birkbeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunel_University_of_London" title="Brunel University of London">Brunel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_St_George%27s,_University_of_London" title="City St George's, University of London">City St George's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courtauld_Institute_of_Art" title="Courtauld Institute of Art">Courtauld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goldsmiths,_University_of_London" title="Goldsmiths, University of London">Goldsmiths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Cancer_Research" title="Institute of Cancer Research">Institute of Cancer Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King's College London">King's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Business_School" title="London Business School">London Business School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_School_of_Economics" title="London School of Economics">LSE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_School_of_Hygiene_%26_Tropical_Medicine" title="London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine">LSHTM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Mary_University_of_London" title="Queen Mary University of London">Queen Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Academy_of_Music" title="Royal Academy of Music">Royal Academy of Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Central_School_of_Speech_and_Drama" title="Royal Central School of Speech and Drama">Royal Central School of Speech and Drama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Holloway,_University_of_London" title="Royal Holloway, University of London">Royal Holloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Veterinary_College" title="Royal Veterinary College">Royal Veterinary College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_of_Advanced_Study" title="School of Advanced Study">School of Advanced Study</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SOAS_University_of_London" title="SOAS University of London">SOAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London">UCL</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_East_London" title="University of East London">East London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Greenwich" title="University of Greenwich">Greenwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_College_London" title="Imperial College London">Imperial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingston_University" title="Kingston University">Kingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Metropolitan_University" title="London Metropolitan University">London Met</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_South_Bank_University" title="London South Bank University">London South Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middlesex_University" title="Middlesex University">Middlesex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeastern_University_%E2%80%93_London" title="Northeastern University – London">Northeastern University – London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravensbourne_University_London" title="Ravensbourne University London">Ravensbourne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regent%27s_University_London" title="Regent's University London">Regent's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond,_The_American_International_University_in_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Richmond, The American International University in London">Richmond, The American International University in London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_College_of_Art" title="Royal College of Art">Royal College of Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_College_of_Music" title="Royal College of Music">Royal College of Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Roehampton" title="University of Roehampton">Roehampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Mary%27s_University,_Twickenham" title="St Mary's University, Twickenham">St Mary's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Arts_London" title="University of the Arts London">University of the Arts London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Westminster" title="University of Westminster">Westminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_West_London" title="University of West London">West London</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Midlands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aston_University" title="Aston University">Aston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Birmingham" title="University of Birmingham">Birmingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birmingham_City_University" title="Birmingham City University">Birmingham City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_Grosseteste_University" title="Bishop Grosseteste University">Bishop Grosseteste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coventry_University" title="Coventry University">Coventry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Montfort_University" title="De Montfort University">De Montfort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Derby" title="University of Derby">Derby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harper_Adams_University" title="Harper Adams University">Harper Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keele_University" title="Keele University">Keele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Leicester" title="University of Leicester">Leicester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Lincoln" title="University of Lincoln">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loughborough_University" title="Loughborough University">Loughborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newman_University,_Birmingham" class="mw-redirect" title="Newman University, Birmingham">Newman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Northampton" title="University of Northampton">Northampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Nottingham" title="University of Nottingham">Nottingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nottingham_Trent_University" title="Nottingham Trent University">Nottingham Trent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staffordshire_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Staffordshire University">Staffordshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_College_Birmingham" title="University College Birmingham">University College Birmingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Warwick" title="University of Warwick">Warwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wolverhampton" title="University of Wolverhampton">Wolverhampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Worcester" title="University of Worcester">Worcester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bolton" title="University of Bolton">Bolton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bradford" title="University of Bradford">Bradford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Central_Lancashire" title="University of Central Lancashire">Central Lancashire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chester" title="University of Chester">Chester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Cumbria" title="University of Cumbria">Cumbria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durham_University" title="Durham University">Durham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edge_Hill_University" title="Edge Hill University">Edge Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Huddersfield" title="University of Huddersfield">Huddersfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Hull" title="University of Hull">Hull</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lancaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Leeds" title="University of Leeds">Leeds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leeds_Arts_University" title="Leeds Arts University">Leeds Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leeds_Beckett_University" title="Leeds Beckett University">Leeds Beckett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leeds_Trinity_University" title="Leeds Trinity University">Leeds Trinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Liverpool" title="University of Liverpool">Liverpool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liverpool_Hope_University" title="Liverpool Hope University">Liverpool Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liverpool_John_Moores_University" title="Liverpool John Moores University">Liverpool John Moores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liverpool_School_of_Tropical_Medicine" title="Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine">LSTM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Manchester" title="University of Manchester">Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester_Metropolitan_University" title="Manchester Metropolitan University">Manchester Metropolitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newcastle_University" title="Newcastle University">Newcastle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northumbria_University" title="Northumbria University">Northumbria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Salford" title="University of Salford">Salford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Sheffield" title="University of Sheffield">Sheffield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheffield_Hallam_University" title="Sheffield Hallam University">Sheffield Hallam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Sunderland" title="University of Sunderland">Sunderland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teesside_University" title="Teesside University">Teesside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_York" title="University of York">York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/York_St_John_University" title="York St John University">York St. John</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arts_University_Bournemouth" title="Arts University Bournemouth">Arts University Bournemouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bath" title="University of Bath">Bath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bath_Spa_University" title="Bath Spa University">Bath Spa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bournemouth_University" title="Bournemouth University">Bournemouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Brighton" title="University of Brighton">Brighton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bristol" title="University of Bristol">Bristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Buckingham" title="University of Buckingham">Buckingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckinghamshire_New_University" title="Buckinghamshire New University">Buckinghamshire New</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canterbury_Christ_Church_University" title="Canterbury Christ Church University">Canterbury Christ Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chichester" title="University of Chichester">Chichester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_for_the_Creative_Arts" title="University for the Creative Arts">Creative Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Exeter" title="University of Exeter">Exeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falmouth_University" title="Falmouth University">Falmouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartpury_College" title="Hartpury College">Hartpury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Gloucestershire" title="University of Gloucestershire">Gloucestershire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Kent" title="University of Kent">Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">Oxford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Brookes_University" title="Oxford Brookes University">Oxford Brookes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Plymouth" title="University of Plymouth">Plymouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Marjon_University" title="Plymouth Marjon University">Plymouth Marjon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arts_University_Plymouth" title="Arts University Plymouth">Arts University Plymouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Portsmouth" title="University of Portsmouth">Portsmouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Reading" title="University of Reading">Reading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Agricultural_University" title="Royal Agricultural University">Royal Agricultural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solent_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Solent University">Solent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Southampton" title="University of Southampton">Southampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Surrey" title="University of Surrey">Surrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Sussex" title="University of Sussex">Sussex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_West_of_England" title="University of the West of England">UWE Bristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Winchester" title="University of Winchester">Winchester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_Northern_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="List of universities in Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_University_Belfast" title="Queen's University Belfast">Queen's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_University" title="Ulster University">Ulster</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_Scotland" title="List of universities in Scotland">Scotland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Aberdeen" title="University of Aberdeen">Aberdeen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abertay_University" title="Abertay University">Abertay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Dundee" title="University of Dundee">Dundee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Edinburgh" title="University of Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Napier_University" title="Edinburgh Napier University">Edinburgh Napier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Glasgow" title="University of Glasgow">Glasgow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glasgow_Caledonian_University" title="Glasgow Caledonian University">Glasgow Caledonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heriot-Watt_University" title="Heriot-Watt University">Heriot-Watt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Highlands_and_Islands" title="University of the Highlands and Islands">Highlands and Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Margaret_University" title="Queen Margaret University">Queen Margaret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gordon_University" title="Robert Gordon University">Robert Gordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Conservatoire_of_Scotland" title="Royal Conservatoire of Scotland">Royal Conservatoire of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_St_Andrews" title="University of St Andrews">St Andrews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Stirling" title="University of Stirling">Stirling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Strathclyde" title="University of Strathclyde">Strathclyde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_West_of_Scotland" title="University of the West of Scotland">West of Scotland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_Wales" title="List of universities in Wales">Wales</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aberystwyth_University" title="Aberystwyth University">Aberystwyth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangor_University" title="Bangor University">Bangor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardiff_University" title="Cardiff University">Cardiff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardiff_Metropolitan_University" title="Cardiff Metropolitan University">Cardiff Metropolitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_South_Wales" title="University of South Wales">South Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swansea_University" title="Swansea University">Swansea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wales_Trinity_Saint_David" title="University of Wales Trinity Saint David">Wales Trinity Saint David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrexham_University" title="Wrexham University">Wrexham</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom#Universities_in_British_overseas_territories" title="List of universities in the United Kingdom">Overseas territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bermuda_College" title="Bermuda College">Bermuda College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands_Law_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Cayman Islands Law School">Cayman Islands Law School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Gibraltar" title="University of Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_College_of_the_Cayman_Islands" title="International College of the Cayman Islands">International College of the Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_James_School_of_Medicine" title="Saint James School of Medicine">Saint James School of Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Matthew%27s_University" title="St. Matthew's University">St. Matthew's University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_College_of_the_Cayman_Islands" title="University College of the Cayman Islands">University College of the Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Science,_Arts_and_Technology" title="University of Science, Arts and Technology">University of Science, Arts and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_West_Indies_Open_Campus" title="University of the West Indies Open Campus">University of the West Indies Open Campus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom#Universities_in_Crown_Dependencies" title="List of universities in the United Kingdom">Crown dependencies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Channel_Islands_in_Guernsey" class="mw-redirect" title="University of the Channel Islands in Guernsey">University of the Channel Islands in Guernsey</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arden_University" title="Arden University">Arden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BPP_University" title="BPP University">BPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Law" title="University of Law">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_London_International_Programmes" class="mw-redirect" title="University of London International Programmes">London International Programmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_University" title="Open University">Open</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2010_United_Kingdom_student_protests" title="2010 United Kingdom student protests">2010 United Kingdom student protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_UK_universities_by_date_of_foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="List of UK universities by date of foundation">List by date of foundation</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Ancient_university" title="Ancient university">Ancient</a>; <a href="/wiki/Third-oldest_university_in_England_debate" title="Third-oldest university in England debate">Third-oldest in England</a>; <a href="/wiki/Red_brick_university" title="Red brick university">Redbrick</a>; <a href="/wiki/Plate_glass_university" title="Plate glass university">Plate glass</a>; <a href="/wiki/Post-1992_university" title="Post-1992 university">Post-1992</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_UK_universities_by_endowment" class="mw-redirect" title="List of UK universities by endowment">List by endowment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom_by_enrolment" title="List of universities in the United Kingdom by enrolment">List by enrolment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colleges_within_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Colleges within universities in the United Kingdom">Colleges within universities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_degree_abbreviations" title="British degree abbreviations">Degree abbreviations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higher_Education_Funding_Council_for_Wales" title="Higher Education Funding Council for Wales">HEFCW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_for_Students" title="Office for Students">Office for Students</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Higher_Education_Funding_Council_for_England" title="Higher Education Funding Council for England">HEFCE</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rankings_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Rankings of universities in the United Kingdom">Rankings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Funding_Council" title="Scottish Funding Council">Scottish Funding Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Student_loans_and_grants_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Student loans and grants in the United Kingdom">Student loans and grants in the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Student_Radio_Association" title="Student Radio Association">Student Radio Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Student_television_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Student television in the United Kingdom">Student television in the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Student_unionism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Student unionism in the United Kingdom">Student unionism in the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuition_fees_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Tuition fees in the United Kingdom">Tuition fees in the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_undergraduate_degree_classification" title="British undergraduate degree classification">Undergraduate degree classification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCAS" title="UCAS">UCAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_and_College_Union" title="University and College Union">University and College Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytechnic_(United_Kingdom)" title="Polytechnic (United Kingdom)">Polytechnic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:Universities in the United Kingdom">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of universities in the United Kingdom">List</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="N8_Group_of_Northern_England_research_universities" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:N8_Group" title="Template:N8 Group"><abbr title="View 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href="/wiki/University_of_Liverpool" title="University of Liverpool">Liverpool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Manchester" title="University of Manchester">Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newcastle_University" title="Newcastle University">Newcastle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Sheffield" title="University of Sheffield">Sheffield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_York" title="University of York">York</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Triple_accredited_business_schools" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Triple_accreditation" title="Template:Triple accreditation"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Triple_accreditation" title="Template talk:Triple accreditation"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Triple_accreditation" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Triple accreditation"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Triple_accredited_business_schools" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Triple_accreditation" title="Triple accreditation">Triple accredited business schools</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_American_University_in_Cairo" class="mw-redirect" title="The American University in Cairo">Cairo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Cape_Town_Graduate_School_of_Business&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Cape Town Graduate School of Business (page does not exist)">Cape Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Stellenbosch_Business_School" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Stellenbosch Business School">Stellenbosch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Andes_(Colombia)" title="University of the Andes (Colombia)">Uniandes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funda%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Get%C3%BAlio_Vargas" class="mw-redirect" title="Fundação Getúlio Vargas">FGV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escola_de_Administra%C3%A7%C3%A3o_de_Empresas_de_S%C3%A3o_Paulo" title="Escola de Administração de Empresas de São Paulo">EAESP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HEC_Montreal" class="mw-redirect" title="HEC Montreal">HEC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IAE_Universidad_Austral" title="IAE Universidad Austral">IAE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instituto_de_Estudios_Superiores_de_Administraci%C3%B3n" title="Instituto de Estudios Superiores de Administración">IESA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INCAE_Business_School" title="INCAE Business School">INCAE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insper" title="Insper">Insper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instituto_Tecnol%C3%B3gico_Aut%C3%B3nomo_de_M%C3%A9xico" title="Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México">ITAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monterrey_Institute_of_Technology_and_Higher_Education" title="Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education">ITESM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontificia_Universidad_Cat%C3%B3lica_del_Per%C3%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú">PUCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telfer_School_of_Management" title="Telfer School of Management">Telfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolfo_Ib%C3%A1%C3%B1ez_University" title="Adolfo Ibáñez University">UAI</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Baptist_University" title="Hong Kong Baptist University">Hong Kong Baptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Institute_of_Management_Calcutta" title="Indian Institute of Management Calcutta">Indian Management Calcutta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Institute_of_Management_Indore" title="Indian Institute of Management Indore">Indian Management Indore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_School_of_Business" title="Indian School of Business">Indian Business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore_Management_University" title="Singapore Management University">Singapore Management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antai_College_of_Economics_and_Management" title="Antai College of Economics and Management">Shanghai Jiaotong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Yat-sen_University" title="Sun Yat-sen University">Sun Yat-sen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thammasat_University" title="Thammasat University">Thammasat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongji_University" title="Tongji University">Tongji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_International_Business_and_Economics" title="University of International Business and Economics">International Business and Economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiamen_University" title="Xiamen University">Xiamen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhejiang_University" title="Zhejiang University">Zhejiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuhan_University" title="Wuhan University">Wuhan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aalto_University_School_of_Business" title="Aalto University School of Business">Aalto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aarhus_University,_School_of_Business_and_Social_Sciences" title="Aarhus University, School of Business and Social Sciences">Aarhus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_Manchester_Business_School" title="Alliance Manchester Business School">Alliance MBS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aston_University" title="Aston University">Aston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audencia_Business_School" title="Audencia Business School">Audencia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayes_Business_School" title="Bayes Business School">Bayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BI_Norwegian_Business_School" title="BI Norwegian Business School">BI Norwegian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birmingham_Business_School_(University_of_Birmingham)" title="Birmingham Business School (University of Birmingham)">Birmingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bradford_School_of_Management" title="University of Bradford School of Management">Bradford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%B3lica_Lisbon_School_of_Business_%26_Economics" title="Católica Lisbon School of Business & Economics">CLSBE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cranfield_School_of_Management" title="Cranfield School of Management">Cranfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copenhagen_Business_School" title="Copenhagen Business School">CBS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durham_University_Business_School" title="Durham University Business School">Durham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_College_Dublin" title="University College Dublin">UCD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EDHEC" class="mw-redirect" title="EDHEC">EDHEC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Edinburgh_Business_School" title="University of Edinburgh Business School">Edinburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emlyon_Business_School" title="Emlyon Business School">Emlyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erasmus_University_Rotterdam" title="Erasmus University Rotterdam">EUR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ESADE_Business_School" title="ESADE Business School">ESADE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ESMT_Berlin" class="mw-redirect" title="ESMT Berlin">ESMT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_sup%C3%A9rieure_des_sciences_commerciales_d%27Angers" title="École supérieure des sciences commerciales d'Angers">ESSCA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ESSEC_Business_School" title="ESSEC Business School">ESSEC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Excelia_Group" title="Excelia Group">Excelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Exeter_Business_School" title="University of Exeter Business School">Exeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankfurt_School_of_Finance_%26_Management" title="Frankfurt School of Finance & Management">Frankfurt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Smith_School_of_Economics_and_Finance" class="mw-redirect" title="Adam Smith School of Economics and Finance">Glasgow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenoble_%C3%A9cole_de_management" class="mw-redirect" title="Grenoble école de management">Grenoble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothenburg_School_of_Business,_Economics_and_Law" title="Gothenburg School of Business, Economics and Law">Gothenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanken_School_of_Economics" title="Hanken School of Economics">Hanken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HEC_Paris" title="HEC Paris">HEC Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hult_International_Business_School" title="Hult International Business School">Hult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICN_Graduate_Business_School" class="mw-redirect" title="ICN Graduate Business School">ICN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IE_Business_School" title="IE Business School">IE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IESE_Business_School" title="IESE Business School">IESE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I%C3%89SEG_School_of_Management" title="IÉSEG School of Management">IÉSEG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Institute_for_Management_Development" title="International Institute for Management Development">IMD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_College_Business_School" title="Imperial College Business School">Imperial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INSEAD" title="INSEAD">INSEAD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KEDGE_Business_School" title="KEDGE Business School">KEDGE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kozminski_University" title="Kozminski University">Kozminski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_University_Management_School" title="Lancaster University Management School">Lancaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Business_School" title="London Business School">LBS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leeds_University_Business_School" title="Leeds University Business School">Leeds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Liverpool" title="University of Liverpool">Liverpool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loughborough_University" title="Loughborough University">Loughborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maastricht_University" title="Maastricht University">Maastricht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Mannheim" title="University of Mannheim">Mannheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester_Metropolitan_University" title="Manchester Metropolitan University">MMU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montpellier_Business_School" title="Montpellier Business School">Montpellier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NEOMA_Business_School" title="NEOMA Business School">NEOMA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newcastle_University" title="Newcastle University">Newcastle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nova_School_of_Business_and_Economics" title="Nova School of Business and Economics">Nova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_University_Business_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Open University Business School">OUBS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henley_Business_School" title="Henley Business School">Reading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SDA_Bocconi_School_of_Management" title="SDA Bocconi School of Management">SDA Bocconi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Sheffield_Management_School" title="University of Sheffield Management School">Sheffield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_St._Gallen" title="University of St. Gallen">St. Gallen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strathclyde_Business_School" title="Strathclyde Business School">Strathclyde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toulouse_Business_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Toulouse Business School">Toulouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TUM_School_of_Management" title="TUM School of Management">TUM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vienna_University_of_Economics_and_Business" title="Vienna University of Economics and Business">Vienna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vlerick_Business_School" title="Vlerick Business School">Vlerick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague_University_of_Economics_and_Business" title="Prague University of Economics and Business">VŠE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warwick_Business_School" title="Warwick Business School">Warwick</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Auckland" title="University of Auckland">Auckland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Canterbury" title="University of Canterbury">Canterbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QUT_Business_School" title="QUT Business School">QUT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monash_University" title="Monash University">Monash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Waikato" title="University of Waikato">Waikato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_University_of_Wellington" title="Victoria University of Wellington">Wellington</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="CDIO_Initiative" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:CDIO" title="Template:CDIO"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:CDIO" title="Template talk:CDIO"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:CDIO" title="Special:EditPage/Template:CDIO"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="CDIO_Initiative" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/CDIO_Initiative" title="CDIO Initiative">CDIO Initiative</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="South_Africa" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em;font-weight:normal;">South Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Johannesburg" title="University of Johannesburg">Johannesburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Pretoria" title="University of Pretoria">Pretoria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia-Pacific</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em;font-weight:normal;">Australia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chisholm_Institute" title="Chisholm Institute">Chisholm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtin_University" title="Curtin University">Curtin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queensland_University_of_Technology" title="Queensland University of Technology">Queensland Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Melbourne_Institute_of_Technology" title="Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology">Royal Melbourne Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Sydney" title="University of Sydney">Sydney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Sunshine_Coast" title="University of the Sunshine Coast">Sunshine Coast</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em;font-weight:normal;">China</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Institute_of_Petrochemical_Technology" title="Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology">Beijing Petrochemical Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Jiaotong_University" title="Beijing Jiaotong University">Beijing Jiaotong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chengdu_University_of_Information_Technology" title="Chengdu University of Information Technology">Chengdu Information Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shantou_University" title="Shantou University">Shantou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsinghua_University" title="Tsinghua University">Tsinghua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Electronic_Science_and_Technology_of_China" title="University of Electronic Science and Technology of China">Electronic Science and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yanshan_University" title="Yanshan University">Yanshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalian_Neusoft_University_of_Information" title="Dalian Neusoft University of Information">Dalian Neusoft</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em;font-weight:normal;"><i>Elsewhere</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Universiti_Teknologi_MARA" title="Universiti Teknologi MARA">MARA Technological <span style="font-size:85%;">(Malaysia)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ungku_Omar_Polytechnic" title="Ungku Omar Polytechnic">Ungku Omar Poly <span style="font-size:85%;">(Malaysia)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_Sultan_Polytechnic" title="Ibrahim Sultan Polytechnic">Ibrahim Sultan Poly <span style="font-size:85%;">(Malaysia)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taylor%27s_University" title="Taylor's University">Taylor's <span style="font-size:85%;">(Malaysia)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Auckland" title="University of Auckland">Auckland <span style="font-size:85%;">(New Zealand)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore_Polytechnic" title="Singapore Polytechnic">Singapore Poly <span style="font-size:85%;">(Singapore)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam_National_University,_Ho_Chi_Minh_City" title="Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City">National Ho Chi Minh <span style="font-size:85%;">(Vietnam)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em;font-weight:normal;">Finland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lahti_University_of_Applied_Sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="Lahti University of Applied Sciences">Lahti A.S.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapland_University_of_Applied_Sciences" title="Lapland University of Applied Sciences">Lapland A.S.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolia_University_of_Applied_Sciences" title="Metropolia University of Applied Sciences">Metropolia A.S.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novia_University_of_Applied_Sciences" title="Novia University of Applied Sciences">Novia A.S.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savonia_University_of_Applied_Sciences" title="Savonia University of Applied Sciences">Savonia A.S.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sein%C3%A4joki_University_of_Applied_Sciences" title="Seinäjoki University of Applied Sciences">Seinäjoki A.S.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tampere_University_of_Applied_Sciences" title="Tampere University of Applied Sciences">Tampere A.S.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turku_University_of_Applied_Sciences" title="Turku University of Applied Sciences">Turku A.S.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Turku" title="University of Turku">Turku</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em;font-weight:normal;">Russia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astrakhan_State_University" title="Astrakhan State University">Astrakhan State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bauman_Moscow_State_Technical_University" title="Bauman Moscow State Technical University">Moscow State Technical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherepovets_State_University" title="Cherepovets State University">Cherepovets State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_State_Technical_University" title="Don State Technical University">Don State Technical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazan_Federal_University" title="Kazan Federal University">Kazan Federal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moscow_Aviation_Institute" title="Moscow Aviation Institute">Moscow Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moscow_Institute_of_Physics_and_Technology" title="Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology">Moscow Physics and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moscow_Engineering_Physics_Institute" title="Moscow Engineering Physics Institute">Moscow Engineering Physics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North-Eastern_Federal_University" title="North-Eastern Federal University">North-Eastern Federal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oryol_State_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Oryol State University">Orel State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg_State_University_of_Aerospace_Instrumentation" title="Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation">Saint Petersburg Aerospace Instrumentation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siberian_Federal_University" title="Siberian Federal University">Siberian Federal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skolkovo_Institute_of_Science_and_Technology" title="Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology">Skolkovo Science and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomsk_Polytechnic_University" title="Tomsk Polytechnic University">Tomsk Poly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomsk_State_University_of_Control_Systems_and_Radio-electronics" title="Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radio-electronics">Tomsk Control Systems and Radioelectronics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ural_Federal_University" title="Ural Federal University">Ural Federal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em;font-weight:normal;">Sweden</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blekinge_Institute_of_Technology" title="Blekinge Institute of Technology">Blekinge Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalmers_University_of_Technology" title="Chalmers University of Technology">Chalmers Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6nk%C3%B6ping_School_of_Engineering" title="Jönköping School of Engineering">Jönköping Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kristianstad_University" title="Kristianstad University">Kristianstad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KTH_Royal_Institute_of_Technology" title="KTH Royal Institute of Technology">Royal Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Link%C3%B6ping_University" title="Linköping University">Linköping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linnaeus_University" title="Linnaeus University">Linnaeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lule%C3%A5_University_of_Technology" title="Luleå University of Technology">Luleå Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ume%C3%A5_Institute_of_Technology" title="Umeå Institute of Technology">Umeå Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_West" title="University West">West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Sk%C3%B6vde" title="University of Skövde">Skövde</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em;font-weight:normal;">UK</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aston_University" title="Aston University">Aston</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lancaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_University_Belfast" title="Queen's University Belfast">Queen's Belfast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Eastern_Regional_College" title="South Eastern Regional College">South Eastern Regional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_University" title="Ulster University">Ulster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bristol" title="University of Bristol">Bristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chichester" title="University of Chichester">Chichester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Leeds" title="University of Leeds">Leeds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Liverpool" title="University of Liverpool">Liverpool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Strathclyde" title="University of Strathclyde">Strathclyde</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em;font-weight:normal;"><i>Elsewhere</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hogeschool_Gent" title="Hogeschool Gent">Gent <span style="font-size:85%;">(Belgium)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aarhus_University" title="Aarhus University">Aarhus <span style="font-size:85%;">(Denmark)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_University_of_Denmark" title="Technical University of Denmark">Denmark Technical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_nationale_sup%C3%A9rieure_des_t%C3%A9l%C3%A9communications_de_Bretagne" title="École nationale supérieure des télécommunications de Bretagne">Bretagne Telecom <span style="font-size:85%;">(France)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hochschule_Wismar" title="Hochschule Wismar">Hochschule Wismar <span style="font-size:85%;">(Germany)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytechnic_University_of_Milan" title="Polytechnic University of Milan">Milan Poly <span style="font-size:85%;">(Italy)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instituto_Superior_de_Engenharia_do_Porto" title="Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto">Porto Superior Engineering <span style="font-size:85%;">(Portugal)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytechnic_University_of_Catalonia" title="Polytechnic University of Catalonia">Catalonia Poly <span style="font-size:85%;">(Spain)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em;font-weight:normal;">Canada</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polytechnique_Montr%C3%A9al" title="Polytechnique Montréal">Montréal Poly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_University_at_Kingston" title="Queen's University at Kingston">Queen's Kingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheridan_College" title="Sheridan College">Sheridan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Calgary" title="University of Calgary">Calgary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Manitoba" title="University of Manitoba">Manitoba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em;font-weight:normal;">United States</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_University" title="Arizona State University">Arizona State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_State_University,_Northridge" title="California State University, Northridge">Cal State Northridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_University" title="Duke University">Duke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embry%E2%80%93Riddle_Aeronautical_University" title="Embry–Riddle Aeronautical University">Embry–Riddle Aeronautical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Postgraduate_School" title="Naval Postgraduate School">Naval Postgraduate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_State_University" title="Pennsylvania State University">Pennsylvania State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Naval_Academy" title="United States Naval Academy">Naval Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Arkansas" title="University of Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Colorado" title="University of Colorado">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan" title="University of Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Notre_Dame" title="University of Notre Dame">Notre Dame</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Central and<br />South America</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em;font-weight:normal;">Chile</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_the_Most_Holy_Conception" title="Catholic University of the Most Holy Conception">Catholic University of the Most Holy Conception</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chile" title="University of Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Los_Lagos" title="University of Los Lagos">Los Lagos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Santiago,_Chile" title="University of Santiago, Chile">Santiago Chile</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em;font-weight:normal;">Colombia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ICESI_University" title="ICESI University">Higher Studies of Incolda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_University_of_Colombia" title="National University of Colombia">Colombia National</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Xavierian_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Pontifical Xavierian University">Pontifical Xavierian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Antioquia" title="University of Antioquia">Antioquia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Santo_Tomas" title="University of Santo Tomas">Santo Tomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Quind%C3%ADo" title="University of Quindío">Quindío</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Culture_and_infrastructure_of_the_City_of_Lancaster" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:City_of_Lancaster" title="Template:City of Lancaster"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:City_of_Lancaster" title="Template talk:City of Lancaster"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:City_of_Lancaster" title="Special:EditPage/Template:City of Lancaster"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Culture_and_infrastructure_of_the_City_of_Lancaster" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Culture and infrastructure of the <a href="/wiki/City_of_Lancaster" title="City of Lancaster">City of Lancaster</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transport</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carnforth_MPD" title="Carnforth MPD">Carnforth MPD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Furness_and_Midland_Joint_Railway" title="Furness and Midland Joint Railway">Furness and Midland Joint Railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heysham_Port" title="Heysham Port">Heysham Port</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heysham_to_M6_Link_Road" title="Heysham to M6 Link Road">Heysham to M6 Link Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_and_Preston_Junction_Railway" title="Lancaster and Preston Junction Railway">Lancaster and Preston Junction Railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_bus_station" title="Lancaster bus station">Lancaster bus station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_Canal" title="Lancaster Canal">Lancaster Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_Carriage_and_Wagon_Works" title="Lancaster Carriage and Wagon Works">Lancaster Carriage and Wagon Works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_Corporation_Tramways" title="Lancaster Corporation Tramways">Lancaster Corporation Tramways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leeds%E2%80%93Morecambe_line" title="Leeds–Morecambe line">Leeds–Morecambe line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%22Little%22_North_Western_Railway" title=""Little" North Western Railway">"Little" North Western Railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morecambe_branch_line" title="Morecambe branch line">Morecambe branch line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morecambe_Tramways" title="Morecambe Tramways">Morecambe Tramways</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Railway<br />stations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bare_Lane_railway_station" title="Bare Lane railway station">Bare Lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnforth_railway_station" title="Carnforth railway station">Carnforth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heysham_Port_railway_station" title="Heysham Port railway station">Heysham Port</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_railway_station" title="Lancaster railway station">Lancaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morecambe_railway_station" title="Morecambe railway station">Morecambe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silverdale_railway_station" title="Silverdale railway station">Silverdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wennington_railway_station" title="Wennington railway station">Wennington</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Disused<br />stations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arkholme_for_Kirkby_Lonsdale_railway_station" title="Arkholme for Kirkby Lonsdale railway station">Arkholme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashton_Hall_railway_station" title="Ashton Hall railway station">Ashton Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_Horse_railway_station" title="Bay Horse railway station">Bay Horse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolton-le-Sands_railway_station" title="Bolton-le-Sands railway station">Bolton-le-Sands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borwick_railway_station" title="Borwick railway station">Borwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caton_railway_station" title="Caton railway station">Caton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conder_Green_railway_station" title="Conder Green railway station">Conder Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claughton_railway_station" title="Claughton railway station">Claughton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galgate_railway_station" title="Galgate railway station">Galgate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glasson_Dock_railway_station" title="Glasson Dock railway station">Glasson Dock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halton_railway_station_(Lancashire)" title="Halton railway station (Lancashire)">Halton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hest_Bank_railway_station" title="Hest Bank railway station">Hest Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hornby_railway_station" title="Hornby railway station">Hornby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirkby_Lonsdale_railway_station" title="Kirkby Lonsdale railway station">Kirkby Lonsdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_railway_station_(1840%E2%80%931849)" title="Lancaster railway station (1840–1849)">Lancaster (1840–49)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_Green_Ayre_railway_station" title="Lancaster Green Ayre railway station">Lancaster Green Ayre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melling_railway_station_(Lancashire)" title="Melling railway station (Lancashire)">Melling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middleton_Road_Bridge_Halt_railway_station" title="Middleton Road Bridge Halt railway station">Middleton Road Bridge Halt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morecambe_Euston_Road_railway_station" title="Morecambe Euston Road railway station">Morecambe Euston Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morecambe_Harbour_railway_station" title="Morecambe Harbour railway station">Morecambe Harbour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morecambe_(Northumberland_Street)_railway_station" title="Morecambe (Northumberland Street) railway station">Morecambe (Northumberland Street)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morecambe_Poulton_Lane_railway_station" title="Morecambe Poulton Lane railway station">Morecambe Poulton Lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morecambe_Promenade_railway_station" title="Morecambe Promenade railway station">Morecambe Promenade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scale_Hall_railway_station" title="Scale Hall railway station">Scale Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wray_railway_station" title="Wray railway station">Wray</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parks &<br />reserves</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arnside_and_Silverdale" class="mw-redirect" title="Arnside and Silverdale">Arnside and Silverdale</a> AONB</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_of_Bowland" title="Forest of Bowland">Forest of Bowland</a> AONB</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leighton_Moss_RSPB_reserve" title="Leighton Moss RSPB reserve">Leighton Moss RSPB reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trowbarrow_Quarry" title="Trowbarrow Quarry">Trowbarrow Quarry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Williamson_Park,_Lancaster" title="Williamson Park, Lancaster">Williamson Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sport</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christie_Park_(Morecambe)" title="Christie Park (Morecambe)">Christie Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazuma_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Mazuma Stadium">Mazuma Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_City_F.C." title="Lancaster City F.C.">Lancaster City F.C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_Cricket_Club" title="Lancaster Cricket Club">Lancaster Cricket Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_RFC" title="Lancaster RFC">Lancaster RFC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lune_Road_Ground" title="Lune Road Ground">Lune Road Ground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morecambe_RFC" title="Morecambe RFC">Morecambe RFC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morecambe_Cricket_Club" title="Morecambe Cricket Club">Morecambe Cricket Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morecambe_F.C." title="Morecambe F.C.">Morecambe F.C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roses_Tournament" title="Roses Tournament">Roses Tournament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vale_of_Lune_RUFC" title="Vale of Lune RUFC">Vale of Lune RUFC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bailrigg_FM" title="Bailrigg FM">Bailrigg FM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beyond_Radio" title="Beyond Radio">Beyond Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diversity_FM" title="Diversity FM">Diversity FM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heart_North_West" title="Heart North West">Heart North West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Visitor_(newspaper)" title="The Visitor (newspaper)">The Visitor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Politics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_City_Council_elections" title="Lancaster City Council elections">Council elections</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2003_Lancaster_City_Council_election" title="2003 Lancaster City Council election">2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Lancaster_City_Council_election" title="2007 Lancaster City Council election">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Lancaster_City_Council_election" title="2011 Lancaster City Council election">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Lancaster_City_Council_election" title="2015 Lancaster City Council election">2015</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morecambe_Bay_Independents" title="Morecambe Bay Independents">Morecambe Bay Independents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_Borough_of_Morecambe_and_Heysham" title="Municipal Borough of Morecambe and Heysham">Municipal Borough of Morecambe and Heysham</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Constituencies</i>: <a href="/wiki/Lancaster_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Lancaster (UK Parliament constituency)">Lancaster</a> <ul><li><i>By-elections</i>: <a href="/wiki/1928_Lancaster_by-election" title="1928 Lancaster by-election">1928</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1941_Lancaster_by-election" title="1941 Lancaster by-election">1941</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_and_Fleetwood_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Lancaster and Fleetwood (UK Parliament constituency)">Lancaster and Fleetwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_and_Wyre_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Lancaster and Wyre (UK Parliament constituency)">Lancaster and Wyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morecambe_and_Lunesdale_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Morecambe and Lunesdale (UK Parliament constituency)">Morecambe and Lunesdale</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bailrigg" title="Bailrigg">Bailrigg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cowan_Bridge_School" title="Cowan Bridge School">Cowan Bridge School</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lancaster University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruskin_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruskin Library">Ruskin Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Martin%27s_College" title="St Martin's College">St Martin's College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wennington_Hall" title="Wennington Hall">Wennington Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wennington_School" title="Wennington School">Wennington School</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Schools_in_Lancaster" title="Template:Schools in Lancaster"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Schools_in_Lancaster" title="Template talk:Schools in Lancaster"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Schools_in_Lancaster" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Schools in Lancaster"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Schools_in_the_City_of_Lancaster" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Schools in the <span class="adr"><span class="region"><a href="/wiki/City_of_Lancaster" title="City of Lancaster">City of Lancaster</a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Comprehensive</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bay_Leadership_Academy" title="Bay Leadership Academy">Bay Leadership Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnforth_High_School" title="Carnforth High School">Carnforth High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Lancaster_High_School" title="Central Lancaster High School">Central Lancaster High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morecambe_Bay_Academy" title="Morecambe Bay Academy">Morecambe Bay Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady%27s_Catholic_College" title="Our Lady's Catholic College">Our Lady's Catholic College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ripley_St_Thomas_Church_of_England_Academy" title="Ripley St Thomas Church of England Academy">Ripley St Thomas Church of England Academy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Further Education Colleges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_and_Morecambe_College" title="Lancaster and Morecambe College">Lancaster and Morecambe College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Adult_College,_Lancaster" title="The Adult College, Lancaster">The Adult College</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Grammar</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_Girls%27_Grammar_School" title="Lancaster Girls' Grammar School">Lancaster Girls' Grammar School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_Royal_Grammar_School" title="Lancaster Royal Grammar School">Lancaster Royal Grammar School</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Independent</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_Steiner_School" title="Lancaster Steiner School">Lancaster Steiner School</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>George Fox</li> <li>Greaves Secondary Modern School</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skerton_Community_High_School" title="Skerton Community High School">Skerton Community High School</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div class="hlist"><ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Geography_of_the_City_of_Lancaster" title="Category:Geography of the City of Lancaster">Geography</a></b></li><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Buildings_and_structures_in_the_City_of_Lancaster" title="Category:Buildings and structures in the City of Lancaster">Buildings and structures</a></b></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lancashire_rose.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Lancashire_rose.svg/20px-Lancashire_rose.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Lancashire_rose.svg/30px-Lancashire_rose.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Lancashire_rose.svg/40px-Lancashire_rose.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="276" data-file-height="264" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Lancashire" title="Portal:Lancashire">Lancashire</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Diploma_icon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Diploma_icon.png/19px-Diploma_icon.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Diploma_icon.png/29px-Diploma_icon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Diploma_icon.png/38px-Diploma_icon.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Education" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Education">Education</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q262854#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q262854#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q262854#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/2034257-3">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79064704">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="University of Lancaster"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2007227729&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007296464305171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/place/fc9a2452-4894-4154-8311-aa35695c2090">MusicBrainz place</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Identifier_for_Libraries_and_Related_Organizations" title="International Standard Identifier for Libraries and Related Organizations">ISIL</a>: GB-UkLaUL</span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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