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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Native_American_settlement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Native American settlement </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Native_American_settlement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_explorations:_the_discovery_of_Kentucky" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_explorations:_the_discovery_of_Kentucky"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Early explorations: the discovery of Kentucky </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_explorations:_the_discovery_of_Kentucky-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-European_settlement:_The_Treaty_of_Fort_Stanwix_1768" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#European_settlement:_The_Treaty_of_Fort_Stanwix_1768"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 European settlement: The Treaty of Fort Stanwix 1768 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-European_settlement:_The_Treaty_of_Fort_Stanwix_1768-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kentucky_County_and_the_Cherokee-American_wars" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kentucky_County_and_the_Cherokee-American_wars"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Kentucky County and the Cherokee-American wars </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kentucky_County_and_the_Cherokee-American_wars-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Statehood" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Statehood"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 Statehood </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Statehood-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-colonial_plantation_economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-colonial_plantation_economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.6 Post-colonial plantation economy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-colonial_plantation_economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Civil_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Civil_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.7 The Civil War </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Civil_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reconstruction_and_the_New_South" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reconstruction_and_the_New_South"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.8 Reconstruction and the New South </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reconstruction_and_the_New_South-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Geography </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Geography subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Regions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Regions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Regions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Regions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Climate </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Natural_disasters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Natural_disasters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2.1 Natural disasters </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Natural_disasters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lakes_and_rivers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lakes_and_rivers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Lakes and rivers </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lakes_and_rivers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Natural_environment_and_conservation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Natural_environment_and_conservation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Natural environment and conservation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Natural_environment_and_conservation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Natural_attractions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Natural_attractions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 Natural attractions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Natural_attractions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administrative_divisions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administrative_divisions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Administrative divisions </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Administrative_divisions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Administrative divisions subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Administrative_divisions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Counties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Counties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Counties </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Counties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Consolidated_city-county_governments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Consolidated_city-county_governments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Consolidated city-county governments </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Consolidated_city-county_governments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Major_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Major_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Major cities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Major_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Demographics </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Demographics subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Race_and_ancestry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Race_and_ancestry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Race and ancestry </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Race_and_ancestry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Language" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Language"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Language </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Language-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Religion </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Economy </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Economy subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Taxation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taxation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Taxation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taxation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Tourism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Horse_industry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Horse_industry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2.1 Horse industry </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Horse_industry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Education </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Transportation </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Transportation subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Roads" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roads"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Roads </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roads-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rails" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rails"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 Rails </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rails-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Air" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Air"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3 Air </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Air-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Water" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Water"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.4 Water </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Water-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Law_and_government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Law_and_government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Law and government </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Law_and_government-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Law and government subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Law_and_government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Executive_branch" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Executive_branch"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 Executive branch </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Executive_branch-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legislative_branch" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legislative_branch"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.2 Legislative branch </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legislative_branch-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Judicial_branch" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Judicial_branch"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.3 Judicial branch </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Judicial_branch-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Federal_representation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Federal_representation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.4 Federal representation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Federal_representation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Law" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Law"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.5 Law </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Law-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.6 Politics </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Culture </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Culture subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.1 Music </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.2 Literature </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cuisine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cuisine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.3 Cuisine </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cuisine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.4 Sports </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kentucky_colonel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kentucky_colonel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.5 Kentucky colonel </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kentucky_colonel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 Bibliography </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Bibliography subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Politics_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14.1 Politics </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politics_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14.2 History </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Surveys_and_reference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Surveys_and_reference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14.2.1 Surveys and reference </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Surveys_and_reference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Specialized_scholarly_studies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Specialized_scholarly_studies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14.2.2 Specialized scholarly studies </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Specialized_scholarly_studies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Kentucky</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 187 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-187" aria-hidden="true" > 187 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%AC%E1%8A%95%E1%89%B3%E1%8A%AA" title="ኬንታኪ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ኬንታኪ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target">Anarâškielâ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centucc%C4%ABg" title="Centuccīg – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Centuccīg" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ænglisc</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%8A" title="كنتاكي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كنتاكي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Arpetan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky_suyu" title="Kentucky suyu – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Kentucky suyu" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aymar aru</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentukki" title="Kentukki – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kentukki" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="کنتاکی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کنتاکی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF" title="কেন্টাকি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কেন্টাকি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Кентукі – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Кентукі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Кентукі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Кентукі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80" title="केंचुकी – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="केंचुकी" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bislama</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Кентъки – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кентъки" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Кентукки – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Кентукки" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target">Буряад</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Кентукки – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Кентукки" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chavacano de Zamboanga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dagbanli</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%8A" title="كينتاكي – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="كينتاكي" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target">Davvisámegiella</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haltsoo%C3%AD_H%C3%B3teel_Hahoodzo" title="Haltsooí Hóteel Hahoodzo – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Haltsooí Hóteel Hahoodzo" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Diné bizaad</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B5%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BA%CE%B9" title="Κεντάκι – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κεντάκι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Emiliàn e rumagnòl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentukio" title="Kentukio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kentukio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="Ewe" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eʋegbe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="کنتاکی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کنتاکی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gagauz</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%BA%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8D%84%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BA%F0%90%8C%B4%F0%90%8C%B9" title="𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍄𐌰𐌺𐌴𐌹 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍄𐌰𐌺𐌴𐌹" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target">𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BC%84%ED%84%B0%ED%82%A4%EC%A3%BC" title="켄터키주 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="켄터키주" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenekuke" title="Kenekuke – Hawaiian" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Kenekuke" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaiian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hawaiʻi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AF%D5%AB" title="Կենտուկի – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կենտուկի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80" title="कॅण्टकी – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कॅण्टकी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hornjoserbsce</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent%C3%B3rk%E1%BB%8B" title="Kentórkị – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Kentórkị" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Igbo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF" title="কেন্টাকি – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="কেন্টাকি" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target">বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Inupiaq" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiaq" class="interlanguage-link-target">Iñupiatun</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Кентукки – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Кентукки" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKhentakhi" title="IKhentakhi – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="IKhentakhi" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiXhosa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%A7%D7%99" title="קנטקי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קנטקי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C9%9Bntuukii" title="Kɛntuukii – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Kɛntuukii" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kabɩyɛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kapampangan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%99%E1%83%98" title="კენტუკი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კენტუკი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Кентукки – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Кентукки" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A8nt%C3%B2ki" title="Kèntòki – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Kèntòki" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Кентукки – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Кентукки" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Кентукки – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Кентукки" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кырык мары</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladino</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentukia" title="Kentukia – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Kentukia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentuki" title="Kentuki – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kentuki" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentukis" title="Kentukis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kentukis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80" title="केन्टकी – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="केन्टकी" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target">मैथिली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Кентаки – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Кентаки" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF" title="കെന്റക്കി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കെന്റക്കി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenet%C4%81ki" title="Kenetāki – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Kenetāki" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target">Māori</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80" title="केंटकी – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="केंटकी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%99%E1%83%98" title="კენტუკი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="კენტუკი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%89" title="كنتاكى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كنتاكى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="کنتاکی – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="کنتاکی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9F%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%9B%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4" title="ꯀꯦꯟꯇꯛꯀꯤ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯀꯦꯟꯇꯛꯀꯤ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Кентакки – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Кентакки" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%90%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%80%E1%80%AE%E1%80%95%E1%80%BC%E1%80%8A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA" title="ကင်တပ်ကီပြည်နယ် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကင်တပ်ကီပြည်နယ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Na Vosa Vakaviti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nedersaksies</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80" title="केन्टकी – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="केन्टकी" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80" title="केन्चकी – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="केन्चकी" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B1%E3%83%B3%E3%82%BF%E3%83%83%E3%82%AD%E3%83%BC%E5%B7%9E" title="ケンタッキー州 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ケンタッキー州" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Кентукки – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Кентукки" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Кентукки – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Кентукки" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Олык марий</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentukki" title="Kentukki – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kentukki" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BF%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80" title="ਕਿੰਟਕੀ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕਿੰਟਕੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80" title="केन्चकी – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="केन्चकी" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target">पालि</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%B9%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="کینٹکی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کینٹکی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target">Papiamentu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%8A" title="کنتاکي – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="کنتاکي" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Picard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentukki" title="Kentukki – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Kentukki" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qırımtatarca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Romansh" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Romansh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Rumantsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky_suyu" title="Kentucky suyu – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Kentucky suyu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Кентукки – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Кентукки" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Кентукки – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кентукки" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Кентаки – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Кентаки" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E2%80%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80" title="केन्‍टकी – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="केन्‍टकी" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seeltersk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentaki" title="Kentaki – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kentaki" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AA%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%BD%DA%AA%D9%8A" title="ڪينٽڪي – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڪينٽڪي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="کنتاکی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کنتاکی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Кентаки – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Кентаки" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF" title="கென்டக்கி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கென்டக்கி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taqbaylit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Кентукки – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Кентукки" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5" title="รัฐเคนทักกี – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="รัฐเคนทักกี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BA%D3%A3" title="Кентуккӣ – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Кентуккӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Кентуккі – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кентуккі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%B9%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="کینٹکی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کینٹکی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A9ntukki_Shitati" title="Kéntukki Shitati – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="Kéntukki Shitati" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%82%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%9F%BA%E5%B7%9E" title="肯塔基州 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="肯塔基州" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target">West-Vlams</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%82%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%9F%BA%E5%B7%9E" title="肯塔基州 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="肯塔基州" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%99" title="קענטאקי – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קענטאקי" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%82%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%9F%BA%E5%B7%9E" title="肯塔基州 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="肯塔基州" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zazaki</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Kentucky" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zeêuws</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentokis" title="Kentokis – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Kentokis" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%82%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%9F%BA%E5%B7%9E" title="肯塔基州 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="肯塔基州" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentaki" title="Kentaki – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Kentaki" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" 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<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Kentucky&params=37_N_86_W_dim:300000_region:US-KY_type:adm1st&title=Commonwealth+of+Kentucky">37°N 86°W / 37°N 86°W / 37; -86 (Commonwealth of Kentucky)</a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">U.S. state</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the U.S. state. For the river, see <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_River" title="Kentucky River">Kentucky River</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Kentucky (disambiguation)">Kentucky (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">State in the United States</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Kentucky</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">State</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow ib-settlement-official"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Commonwealth of Kentucky</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Kentucky.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Kentucky"><img alt="Flag of Kentucky" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Flag_of_Kentucky.svg/125px-Flag_of_Kentucky.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Flag_of_Kentucky.svg/188px-Flag_of_Kentucky.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Flag_of_Kentucky.svg/250px-Flag_of_Kentucky.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="950" data-file-height="500" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Kentucky" title="Flag of Kentucky">Flag</a></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_Kentucky.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Official seal of Kentucky"><img alt="Official seal of Kentucky" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Seal_of_Kentucky.svg/100px-Seal_of_Kentucky.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Seal_of_Kentucky.svg/150px-Seal_of_Kentucky.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Seal_of_Kentucky.svg/200px-Seal_of_Kentucky.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="662" data-file-height="662" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Seal_of_Kentucky" title="Seal of Kentucky">Seal</a></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_and_territory_nicknames" title="List of U.S. state and territory nicknames">Nickname</a>: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">The Bluegrass State</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_and_territory_mottos" title="List of U.S. state and territory mottos">Motto(s)</a>: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">United we stand, divided we fall Deo gratiam habeamus (Let us be grateful to God)</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_songs" title="List of U.S. state songs">Anthem:</a> <a href="/wiki/My_Old_Kentucky_Home" title="My Old Kentucky Home">My Old Kentucky Home</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Kentucky_in_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Map of the United States with Kentucky highlighted"><img alt="Map of the United States with Kentucky highlighted" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Kentucky_in_United_States.svg/300px-Kentucky_in_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Kentucky_in_United_States.svg/450px-Kentucky_in_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Kentucky_in_United_States.svg/600px-Kentucky_in_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="731" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Map of the United States with Kentucky highlighted</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Before statehood</th><td class="infobox-data">Part of <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> (<a href="/wiki/District_of_Kentucky" class="mw-redirect" title="District of Kentucky">District of Kentucky</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_date_of_admission_to_the_Union" title="List of U.S. states by date of admission to the Union">Admitted to the Union</a></th><td class="infobox-data">June 1, 1792 (15th)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_capitals_in_the_United_States" title="List of capitals in the United States">Capital</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Frankfort,_Kentucky" title="Frankfort, Kentucky">Frankfort</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_cities_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_population" title="List of largest cities of U.S. states and territories by population">Largest city</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_most_populous_counties_by_U.S._state" title="List of the most populous counties by U.S. state">Largest county or equivalent</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_County,_Kentucky" title="Jefferson County, Kentucky">Jefferson</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Statistical_area_(United_States)" title="Statistical area (United States)">Largest metro</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_urban_areas" title="List of United States urban areas">urban</a> areas</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Louisville_metropolitan_area" title="Louisville metropolitan area">Louisville</a><a href="#cite_note-MSA-1">[a]</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Kentucky" title="Governor of Kentucky">Governor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Andy_Beshear" title="Andy Beshear">Andy Beshear</a> (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Kentucky" title="Lieutenant Governor of Kentucky">Lieutenant governor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jacqueline_Coleman" title="Jacqueline Coleman">Jacqueline Coleman</a> (D)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">Legislature</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kentucky_General_Assembly" title="Kentucky General Assembly">General Assembly</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Upper_house" title="Upper house">Upper house</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Senate" title="Kentucky Senate">Senate</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Lower_house" title="Lower house">Lower house</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kentucky_House_of_Representatives" title="Kentucky House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Judiciary" title="Judiciary">Judiciary</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Supreme_Court" title="Kentucky Supreme Court">Kentucky Supreme Court</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">U.S. senators</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell">Mitch McConnell</a> (<a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">R</a>) <a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">Rand Paul</a> (R)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States representatives from Kentucky">U.S. House delegation</a></th><td class="infobox-data">5 Republicans 1 Democrat (<a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Kentucky" title="United States congressional delegations from Kentucky">list</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">40,408 sq mi (104,656 km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Land</th><td class="infobox-data">39,486 sq mi (102,269 km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Water</th><td class="infobox-data">921 sq mi (2,387 km2)  2.2%</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_area" title="List of U.S. states and territories by area">37th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Dimensions<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Length</th><td class="infobox-data">397 mi (640 km)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Width</th><td class="infobox-data">187 mi (302 km)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">750 ft (230 m)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highest elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (<a href="/wiki/Black_Mountain_(Kentucky)" title="Black Mountain (Kentucky)">Black Mountain</a><a href="#cite_note-USGS-2">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-NAVD88-3">[b]</a>)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">4,145 ft (1,265 m)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Lowest elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (<a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a> at <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Bend" title="Kentucky Bend">Kentucky Bend</a><a href="#cite_note-USGS-2">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-NAVD88-3">[b]</a>)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">250 ft (78 m)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (2020)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Neutral increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Increase_Neutral.svg/11px-Increase_Neutral.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Increase_Neutral.svg/17px-Increase_Neutral.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Increase_Neutral.svg/22px-Increase_Neutral.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="347" data-file-height="346" /> 4,505,836<a href="#cite_note-Census2020-4">[2]</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_population" title="List of U.S. states and territories by population">26th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">114/sq mi (44/km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">  • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_and_territories_of_the_United_States_by_population_density" title="List of states and territories of the United States by population density">24th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Household_income_in_the_United_States" title="Household income in the United States">Median household income</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">$52,295<a href="#cite_note-5">[3]</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Income rank<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_income#States_and_territories_ranked_by_median_household_income" title="List of U.S. states and territories by income">44th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Kentuckian</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Language<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_United_States" title="Languages of the United States">Official language</a></th><td class="infobox-data">English<a href="#cite_note-kysym-6">[4]</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zones</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">eastern half</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%9205:00" title="UTC−05:00">UTC−05:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Time_Zone_(North_America)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Time Zone (North America)">Eastern</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%9204:00" title="UTC−04:00">UTC−04:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Daylight_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Daylight Time">EDT</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">western half</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%9206:00" title="UTC−06:00">UTC−06:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_Time_Zone_(North_America)" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Time Zone (North America)">Central</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%9205:00" title="UTC−05:00">UTC−05:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_Daylight_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Daylight Time">CDT</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_and_territory_abbreviations" title="List of U.S. state and territory abbreviations">USPS abbreviation</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">KY</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data nickname"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:US" title="ISO 3166-2:US">US-KY</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_and_territory_abbreviations" title="List of U.S. state and territory abbreviations">Traditional abbreviation</a></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Ky</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Latitude</th><td class="infobox-data">36° 30′ N to 39° 09′ N</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Longitude</th><td class="infobox-data">81° 58′ W to 89° 34′ W</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://Kentucky.gov">kentucky.gov</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1141396924">.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols-none{float:none;clear:none;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols-center{float:none;clear:none;margin:0.5em auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols .infobox-title{font-size:120%}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols .infobox-subheader{font-weight:bold;background-color:#cddeff}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols-island{font-weight:bold;background-color:#cef2e0}</style><table class="infobox ib-region-symbols"><caption class="infobox-title">State symbols of Kentucky</caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:85%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Kentucky_state_symbols" title="List of Kentucky state symbols">List of state symbols</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Kentucky.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Flag_of_Kentucky.svg/250px-Flag_of_Kentucky.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Flag_of_Kentucky.svg/375px-Flag_of_Kentucky.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Flag_of_Kentucky.svg/500px-Flag_of_Kentucky.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="950" data-file-height="500" /></a><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Kentucky" title="Flag of Kentucky">Flag of Kentucky</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_Kentucky.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Seal_of_Kentucky.svg/150px-Seal_of_Kentucky.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Seal_of_Kentucky.svg/225px-Seal_of_Kentucky.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Seal_of_Kentucky.svg/300px-Seal_of_Kentucky.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="662" data-file-height="662" /></a><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Seal_of_Kentucky" title="Seal of Kentucky">Seal of Kentucky</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_and_territory_nicknames" title="List of U.S. state and territory nicknames">Slogan</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Kentucky Unbridled Spirit</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid">Living insignia</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_birds" title="List of U.S. state birds">Bird</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Northern_cardinal" title="Northern cardinal">Cardinal</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_insects" title="List of U.S. state insects">Butterfly</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Viceroy_butterfly" class="mw-redirect" title="Viceroy butterfly">Viceroy butterfly</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_fish" title="List of U.S. state fish">Fish</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Spotted_bass" title="Spotted bass">Kentucky spotted bass</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_and_territory_flowers" title="List of U.S. state and territory flowers">Flower</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Solidago_gigantea" title="Solidago gigantea">Goldenrod</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_mammals" title="List of U.S. state mammals">Horse breed</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Thoroughbred" title="Thoroughbred">Thoroughbred</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_insects" title="List of U.S. state insects">Insect</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Western_honeybee" class="mw-redirect" title="Western honeybee">Western honeybee</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_and_territory_trees" title="List of U.S. state and territory trees">Tree</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Liriodendron_tulipifera" title="Liriodendron tulipifera">Tulip poplar</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_mammals" title="List of U.S. state mammals">Wildlife animal</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_gray_squirrel" title="Eastern gray squirrel">Gray squirrel</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid">Inanimate insignia</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_beverages" title="List of U.S. state beverages">Beverage</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Milk" title="Milk">Milk</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ale-8-One" title="Ale-8-One">Ale-8-One</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_dances" title="List of U.S. state dances">Dance</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Clogging" title="Clogging">Clogging</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_foods" title="List of U.S. state foods">Food</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Blackberry" title="Blackberry">Blackberry</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_fossils" title="List of U.S. state fossils">Fossil</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Brachiopod" title="Brachiopod">Brachiopod</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_minerals,_rocks,_stones_and_gemstones" title="List of U.S. state minerals, rocks, stones and gemstones">Gemstone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Agate" title="Agate">Kentucky agate</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_minerals,_rocks,_stones_and_gemstones" title="List of U.S. state minerals, rocks, stones and gemstones">Mineral</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Calcite" title="Calcite">Calcite</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_minerals,_rocks,_stones_and_gemstones" title="List of U.S. state minerals, rocks, stones and gemstones">Rock</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Coal" title="Coal">Coal</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_soils" title="List of U.S. state soils">Soil</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Crider_Soil_Series" class="mw-redirect" title="Crider Soil Series">Crider Soil Series</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_Corvette" title="Chevrolet Corvette">Chevrolet Corvette</a> (state sports car)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid"><a href="/wiki/Numbered_highways_in_the_United_States#State_highways" title="Numbered highways in the United States">State route marker</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Elongated_circle_3.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Route marker"><img alt="Route marker" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Elongated_circle_3.svg/85px-Elongated_circle_3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Elongated_circle_3.svg/128px-Elongated_circle_3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Elongated_circle_3.svg/170px-Elongated_circle_3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid"><a href="/wiki/50_State_quarters" title="50 State quarters">State quarter</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:2001_KY_Proof.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Kentucky quarter dollar coin"><img alt="Kentucky quarter dollar coin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/2001_KY_Proof.png/86px-2001_KY_Proof.png" decoding="async" width="86" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/2001_KY_Proof.png/130px-2001_KY_Proof.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/2001_KY_Proof.png/172px-2001_KY_Proof.png 2x" data-file-width="1086" data-file-height="1073" /></a><div>Released in 2001</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_United_States_state_symbols" title="Lists of United States state symbols">Lists of United States state symbols</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Kentucky (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">US</a>: <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/kənˈtʌki/</a> <span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/0\/0c\/En-us-Kentucky.ogg\/En-us-Kentucky.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"En-us-Kentucky.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0c/En-us-Kentucky.ogg/En-us-Kentucky.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"></a><a href="/wiki/File:En-us-Kentucky.ogg" title="File:En-us-Kentucky.ogg">ⓘ</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><a href="/wiki/British_English" title="British English">UK</a>: <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/kɛn-/</a>),<a href="#cite_note-7">[5]</a> officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky,<a href="#cite_note-8">[c]</a> is a landlocked <a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">state</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Southeastern_United_States" title="Southeastern United States">Southeastern</a> region of the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>. It borders <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> to the north, <a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a> to the northeast, <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> to the east, <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> to the south, and <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> to the west. Its northern border is defined by the <a href="/wiki/Ohio_River" title="Ohio River">Ohio River</a>. Its capital is <a href="/wiki/Frankfort,_Kentucky" title="Frankfort, Kentucky">Frankfort</a> and its <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Kentucky" title="List of cities in Kentucky">most populous city</a> is <a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville</a>. As of 2020, the state's population was approximately 4.5 million.<a href="#cite_note-Census2020-4">[2]</a> Previously part of Virginia, Kentucky was admitted into the Union as the fifteenth state on June 1, 1792.<a href="#cite_note-9">[6]</a> It is known as the "Bluegrass State" in reference to <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_bluegrass" class="mw-redirect" title="Kentucky bluegrass">Kentucky bluegrass</a>, a species of grass introduced by European settlers which has long supported the state's <a href="/wiki/Thoroughbred" title="Thoroughbred">thoroughbred</a> horse industry.<a href="#cite_note-10">[7]</a> The fertile soil in the central and western parts of the state led to the development of large tobacco plantations similar to those in Virginia and <a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a>, which utilized <a href="/wiki/Slavery_in_the_United_States" title="Slavery in the United States">enslaved labor</a> prior to the passage of the <a href="/wiki/Thirteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution">Thirteenth Amendment</a>. Kentucky ranks fifth nationally in goat farming, eighth in <a href="/wiki/Beef_cattle" title="Beef cattle">beef cattle</a> production,<a href="#cite_note-11">[8]</a> and fourteenth in corn production.<a href="#cite_note-econedlink2007-12">[9]</a> While Kentucky has been a long-standing center for the tobacco industry, its economy has diversified into non-agricultural sectors including auto manufacturing, energy production, and medicine.<a href="#cite_note-Hunt_2019_9–14-13">[10]</a> Kentucky ranks fourth among US states in the number of automobiles and trucks assembled.<a href="#cite_note-Tradeandindustrydev.com-14">[11]</a> It is one of several states considered part of the <a href="/wiki/Upland_South" title="Upland South">Upland South</a>. The state is home to the world's longest known cave system in <a href="/wiki/Mammoth_Cave_National_Park" title="Mammoth Cave National Park">Mammoth Cave National Park</a>, the greatest length of navigable waterways and streams in the <a href="/wiki/Contiguous_United_States" title="Contiguous United States">contiguous United States</a>, and the nation's two largest artificial lakes east of the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a>. <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Kentucky" title="Culture of Kentucky">Cultural aspects of Kentucky</a> include <a href="/wiki/Horse_racing" title="Horse racing">horse racing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bourbon_whiskey" title="Bourbon whiskey">bourbon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moonshine" title="Moonshine">moonshine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coal_mining" title="Coal mining">coal mining</a>, <a href="/wiki/My_Old_Kentucky_Home_State_Park" title="My Old Kentucky Home State Park">My Old Kentucky Home State Park</a>, automobile manufacturing, tobacco, <a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Southern_United_States" title="Cuisine of the Southern United States">Southern cuisine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Kentucky" title="Cuisine of Kentucky">barbecue</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bluegrass_music" title="Bluegrass music">bluegrass music</a>, <a href="/wiki/College_basketball" title="College basketball">college basketball</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hillerich_%26_Bradsby" title="Hillerich & Bradsby">Louisville Slugger</a> baseball bats, and <a href="/wiki/KFC" title="KFC">Kentucky Fried Chicken</a>. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology">edit</a>]</div> Prior to 1769, <a href="/wiki/Botetourt_County,_Virginia" title="Botetourt County, Virginia">Botetourt County</a> and successor counties in the <a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Virginia" title="Colony of Virginia">Colony of Virginia</a>, whose geographical extent was south of the <a href="/wiki/Ohio_River" title="Ohio River">Ohio</a> and <a href="/wiki/Allegheny_River" title="Allegheny River">Allegheny Rivers</a> beyond the <a href="/wiki/Appalachian_Mountains" title="Appalachian Mountains">Appalachian Mountains</a>, became known to European Americans as <a href="/wiki/Fincastle_County,_Virginia" title="Fincastle County, Virginia">Kentucky (or Kentucke) country</a>. It was named for the <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_River" title="Kentucky River">Kentucky River</a>, a tributary of the Ohio.<a href="#cite_note-15">[12]</a> The precise etymology of the name is uncertain.<a href="#cite_note-16">[13]</a> One theory sees the word based on an <a href="/wiki/Iroquoian_languages" title="Iroquoian languages">Iroquoian</a> name meaning "(on) the meadow" or "(on) the prairie"<a href="#cite_note-Mithun-17">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[15]</a> (cf. <a href="/wiki/Mohawk_language" title="Mohawk language">Mohawk</a> kenhtà:ke, <a href="/wiki/Seneca_language" title="Seneca language">Seneca</a> gëdá'geh (<a href="/wiki/Phoneme" title="Phoneme">phonemic</a> /kɛ̃taʔkɛh/), "at the field").<a href="#cite_note-19">[16]</a> Another theory suggests a derivation from the term Kenta Aki, which could have come from an <a href="/wiki/Algonquian_languages" title="Algonquian languages">Algonquian language</a>, in particular from <a href="/wiki/Shawnee" title="Shawnee">Shawnee</a>. Folk etymology translates this as "Land of Our Fathers". The closest approximation in another Algonquian language, <a href="/wiki/Ojibwe" title="Ojibwe">Ojibwe</a>, translates as "Land of Our In-Laws", thus making a fairer English translation "The Land of Those Who Became Our Fathers".<a href="#cite_note-20">[17]</a> In any case, the word aki means "land" in most Algonquian languages. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Kentucky" title="History of Kentucky">History of Kentucky</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Native_American_settlement">Native American settlement</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Native American settlement">edit</a>]</div> The first archaeological evidence of human occupation of Kentucky is approximately 9500BCE, and it was Clovis culture, primitive hunter-gatherers with stone tools. Around 1800 BCE, a gradual transition began from a hunter-gatherer economy to agriculturalism. Around 900 CE, a <a href="/wiki/Mississippian_culture" title="Mississippian culture">Mississippian culture</a> took root in western and central Kentucky and a <a href="/wiki/Fort_Ancient" title="Fort Ancient">Fort Ancient</a> culture appeared in eastern Kentucky. While the two had many similarities, the distinctive ceremonial earthwork mounds constructed in the former's centers were not part of the culture of the latter. Fort Ancient settlements depended largely on corn, beans, and squash, and practiced a system of agriculture that prevented ecological degradation by rotating crops, <a href="/wiki/Controlled_burn" title="Controlled burn">burning</a> sections of forest to create ideal habitat for wild game, relocating villages every 10–30 years, and continually shifting the location of fields to maintain plots of land in various stages of <a href="/wiki/Ecological_succession" title="Ecological succession">ecological succession</a>.<a href="#cite_note-21">[18]</a> In about the 10th century, the Kentucky native people's variety of corn became highly productive, supplanting the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Agricultural_Complex" title="Eastern Agricultural Complex">Eastern Agricultural Complex</a> and replacing it with maize-based agriculture in the <a href="/wiki/Mississippian_culture" title="Mississippian culture">Mississippian era</a>. As of the 16th century, what became Kentucky was home to tribes from diverse linguistic groups. The <a href="/wiki/Kispoko" title="Kispoko">Kispoko</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Algonquian_languages" title="Algonquian languages">Algonquian-speaking</a> tribe, controlled much of the interior of the state.<a href="#cite_note-22">[19]</a> French explorers in the 17th century documented numerous tribes living in Kentucky until the <a href="/wiki/Beaver_Wars" title="Beaver Wars">Beaver Wars</a> in the 1670s; however, by the time that European colonial explorers and settlers began entering Kentucky in greater numbers in the mid-18th century, there were no major Native American settlements in the region. The <a href="/wiki/Chickasaw" title="Chickasaw">Chickasaw</a> had territory up to the confluence of Mississippi and Ohio rivers. During a period known as the <a href="/wiki/Beaver_Wars" title="Beaver Wars">Beaver Wars</a> (1640–1680), another Algonquian tribe called the <a href="/wiki/Maumee_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Maumee people">Maumee</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Mascouten" title="Mascouten">Mascouten</a> was chased out of southern Michigan.<a href="#cite_note-23">[20]</a> The vast majority of them moved to Kentucky, pushing the Kispoko east and war broke out with the <a href="/wiki/Tutelo" title="Tutelo">Tutelo</a> of North Carolina and Virginia that pushed them further north and east. The Maumee were closely related to the <a href="/wiki/Miami_people" title="Miami people">Miami</a> from Indiana. Later, the Kispoko merged with the <a href="/wiki/Shawnee" title="Shawnee">Shawnee</a>, who migrated from the east and the Ohio River valley. A persistent myth, perpetuated in many popular and scholarly works, alleges that Native Americans never lived permanently in Kentucky, but rather used it only as a "hunting ground."<a href="#cite_note-24">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-25">[22]</a> According to early Kentucky historians, early European settlers encountered extensive evidence of permanent, advanced settlements, including numerous burial mounds, <a href="/wiki/Copper" title="Copper">copper</a> and stone <a href="/wiki/Artifact_(archaeology)" title="Artifact (archaeology)">artifacts</a>, and what early historians describe as "fortifications:" large sites consisting of extensive walls enclosing the flat tops of bluffs, cliffs or mountains, constructed from stone that was <a href="/wiki/Quarry" title="Quarry">quarried</a> in the surrounding valleys and brought up to the summit.<a href="#cite_note-26">[23]</a> These sites and artifacts were sometimes explained as being the remnants of a "lost" white race,<a href="#cite_note-27">[24]</a> or some variously identified ethnic group predating and distinct from the Native Americans.<a href="#cite_note-28">[25]</a> More recent scholarship identifies the mound builders as the Mississippian and Fort Ancient peoples, which were distinct from the indigenous cultures encountered by settlers, although sharing the same origin in Paleoindian groups that inhabited the area for at least 12,000 years.<a href="#cite_note-29">[26]</a> Beginning in the seventeenth century, before indigenous groups in Kentucky made direct contact with Europeans, articles of European origin such as glass <a href="/wiki/Bead" title="Bead">beads</a> entered the region via <a href="/wiki/Trade_route" title="Trade route">trade routes</a>, and the appearance of <a href="/wiki/Mass_grave" title="Mass grave">mass graves</a> suggests that European diseases were also introduced.<a href="#cite_note-30">[27]</a> By the eighteenth century, epidemics of disease had destabilized and changed the indigenous groups that inhabited Kentucky, causing some to reassemble into multi-tribal towns, and others to <a href="/wiki/Human_migration" title="Human migration">disperse</a> further from the sphere of European influence.<a href="#cite_note-31">[28]</a> Around the end of the French and Indian War, as European settlers began to claim parts of the Bluegrass State, Native Americans abandoned their larger, more permanent villages south of the Ohio River and continued to maintain only small or transient settlements. This upheaval likely led the settlers to believe that Kentucky was a hunting ground contested by multiple tribes but not permanently inhabited, when in reality it had only recently been abandoned due to social and political turmoil.<a href="#cite_note-32">[29]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_explorations:_the_discovery_of_Kentucky">Early explorations: the discovery of Kentucky</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Early explorations: the discovery of Kentucky">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Kentucke%27s_Frontiers" title="Kentucke's Frontiers">Kentucke's Frontiers</a></div> European explorers arrived in Kentucky possibly as early as 1671. While French explorers surely spied Kentucky during expeditions on the Mississippi, there is no evidence French or Spanish explorers set foot in the lands south of the Ohio, notwithstanding speculations about Hernando de Soto and Robert de la Salle. The terrain in those days was not surveyed, so there is some uncertainty whether and to what extent the early English explorers out of Virginia set foot on the land. Confounding the issue is that the region south of the Ohio/Allegheny later known as Kentucky country was larger than the state of Kentucky today, encompassing most of today's West Virginia and (vaguely) part of southwestern Pennsylvania.<a href="#cite_note-33">[30]</a> Notable expeditions were Batts and Fallam 1671, Needham and Arthur 1673.<a href="#cite_note-34">[31]</a> Dr. Thomas Walker and surveyor Christopher Gist surveyed the area now known as Kentucky in 1750 and 1751. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="European_settlement:_The_Treaty_of_Fort_Stanwix_1768">European settlement: The Treaty of Fort Stanwix 1768</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: European settlement: The Treaty of Fort Stanwix 1768">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Transylvania_Colony" title="Transylvania Colony">Transylvania Colony</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lord_Dunmore%27s_War" title="Lord Dunmore's War">Lord Dunmore's War</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Fort_Stanwix_(1768)" title="Treaty of Fort Stanwix (1768)">Treaty of Fort Stanwix (1768)</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Indian_Reserve_(1763)" title="Indian Reserve (1763)">Indian Reserve (1763)</a></div> As more settlers entered the area, warfare broke out with the Native Americans over their traditional hunting grounds.<a href="#cite_note-35">[32]</a> June 16, 1774, James Harrod founded Harrod's Town (modern Harrodsburg). The settlement was abandoned during the conflict period of Dunmore's War, and resettled in March 1775, becoming the first permanent European settlement in Kentucky. It was followed within months by Boone's Station, Logan's Fort and Lexington before Kentucky was organized. This period was the time of Daniel Boone's legendary expeditions starting in 1767 through the Cumberland Gap and down the Kentucky River to reach the bluegrass heartland of Kentucky. While the <a href="/wiki/Cherokee" title="Cherokee">Cherokee</a> did not settle in Kentucky, they hunted there. They relinquished their hunting rights there in an extra-legal private contract with speculator Richard Henderson called <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Sycamore_Shoals" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty of Sycamore Shoals">Treaty of Sycamore Shoals</a> in 1775.<a href="#cite_note-36">[33]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kentucky_County_and_the_Cherokee-American_wars">Kentucky County and the Cherokee-American wars</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Kentucky County and the Cherokee-American wars">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_County,_Virginia" title="Kentucky County, Virginia">Kentucky County, Virginia</a>; <a href="/wiki/Cherokee-American_wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Cherokee-American wars">Cherokee-American wars</a>; <a href="/wiki/Fort_Nelson_(Kentucky)" title="Fort Nelson (Kentucky)">Fort Nelson (Kentucky)</a>; and <a href="/wiki/History_of_Louisville,_Kentucky" title="History of Louisville, Kentucky">History of Louisville, Kentucky</a></div> On December 31, 1776, by an act of the <a href="/wiki/Virginia_General_Assembly" title="Virginia General Assembly">Virginia General Assembly</a>, the portion of <a href="/wiki/Fincastle_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Fincastle County">Fincastle County</a> west of the <a href="/wiki/Big_Sandy_River_(Ohio_River)" class="mw-redirect" title="Big Sandy River (Ohio River)">Big Sandy River</a> (including today's <a href="/wiki/Tug_Fork" title="Tug Fork">Tug Fork</a> tributary) terminating at the North Carolina border (today Tennessee) extending to the Mississippi River, previously most of what was known as Kentucky (or Kentucke) country, was split off into its own county of <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_County,_Virginia" title="Kentucky County, Virginia">Kentucky</a>. Harrod's Town (Oldtown as it was known at the time) was named the county seat. A 1790 U.S. government report states that 1,500 Kentucky settlers had been killed by Native Americans since the end of the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">Revolutionary War</a>.<a href="#cite_note-37">[34]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Statehood">Statehood</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Statehood">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kentucky_Statehood_150th_Anniversary,_3c,_1942_issue.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Kentucky_Statehood_150th_Anniversary%2C_3c%2C_1942_issue.jpg/220px-Kentucky_Statehood_150th_Anniversary%2C_3c%2C_1942_issue.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Kentucky_Statehood_150th_Anniversary%2C_3c%2C_1942_issue.jpg/330px-Kentucky_Statehood_150th_Anniversary%2C_3c%2C_1942_issue.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Kentucky_Statehood_150th_Anniversary%2C_3c%2C_1942_issue.jpg/440px-Kentucky_Statehood_150th_Anniversary%2C_3c%2C_1942_issue.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1288" data-file-height="817" /></a><figcaption>In 1942 the U.S. Post Office issued a postage stamp <a href="/wiki/Commemorative_stamp" title="Commemorative stamp">commemorating</a> the 150th anniversary of Kentucky statehood, a 3-cent 1942 issue</figcaption></figure> The county was subdivided into <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_County,_Kentucky" title="Jefferson County, Kentucky">Jefferson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lincoln_County,_Kentucky" title="Lincoln County, Kentucky">Lincoln</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fayette_County,_Kentucky" title="Fayette County, Kentucky">Fayette</a> Counties in 1780, but continued to be administered as the District of Kentucky even as new counties were split off. On several occasions the region's residents petitioned the General Assembly and the <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Confederation" title="Congress of the Confederation">Confederation Congress</a> for separation from Virginia and <a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">statehood</a>. Ten constitutional conventions were held in <a href="/wiki/Danville,_Kentucky" title="Danville, Kentucky">Danville</a> between 1784 and 1792. One petition, which had Virginia's assent, came before the Confederation Congress in early July 1788. Unfortunately, its consideration came up a day after word of <a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire" title="New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a>'s all-important ninth <a href="/wiki/Article_Seven_of_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Article Seven of the United States Constitution">ratification</a> of the proposed <a href="/wiki/United_States_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Constitution">Constitution</a>, thus establishing it as the new framework of governance for the United States. In light of this development, Congress thought that it would be "unadvisable" to admit Kentucky into the Union, as it could do so "under the Articles of Confederation" only, but not "under the Constitution", and so declined to take action.<a href="#cite_note-38">[35]</a> On December 18, 1789, Virginia again gave its consent to Kentucky statehood. The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a> gave its approval on February 4, 1791.<a href="#cite_note-39">[36]</a> (This occurred two weeks before Congress approved <a href="/wiki/Vermont" title="Vermont">Vermont</a>'s petition for statehood.<a href="#cite_note-40">[37]</a>) Kentucky officially became the fifteenth state in the Union on June 1, 1792. <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Shelby" title="Isaac Shelby">Isaac Shelby</a>, a military veteran from Virginia, was elected its first Governor.<a href="#cite_note-41">[38]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-colonial_plantation_economy">Post-colonial plantation economy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Post-colonial plantation economy">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:LincolnBirthplaceJBM82908.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/LincolnBirthplaceJBM82908.jpg/220px-LincolnBirthplaceJBM82908.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/LincolnBirthplaceJBM82908.jpg/330px-LincolnBirthplaceJBM82908.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/LincolnBirthplaceJBM82908.jpg/440px-LincolnBirthplaceJBM82908.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="318" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln_Birthplace_National_Historical_Park" title="Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historical Park">Abraham Lincoln Birthplace</a> near <a href="/wiki/Hodgenville,_Kentucky" title="Hodgenville, Kentucky">Hodgenville</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/History_of_slavery_in_Kentucky" title="History of slavery in Kentucky">History of slavery in Kentucky</a></div> The central <a href="/wiki/Bluegrass_region" title="Bluegrass region">Bluegrass region</a> and the western portion of the state were the areas with the most <a href="/wiki/History_of_slavery_in_Kentucky" title="History of slavery in Kentucky">slave owners</a>. <a href="/wiki/Planter_(American_South)" class="mw-redirect" title="Planter (American South)">Planters</a> cultivated <a href="/wiki/Tobacco" title="Tobacco">tobacco</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hemp_in_Kentucky" title="Hemp in Kentucky">hemp</a> on plantations with the use of slave labor, and were noted for their quality <a href="/wiki/Livestock" title="Livestock">livestock</a>. During the 19th century, Kentucky slaveholders began to sell unneeded slaves to the <a href="/wiki/Deep_South" title="Deep South">Deep South</a>, with Louisville becoming a major slave market and departure port for slaves being transported down the Ohio River. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Civil_War">The Civil War</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: The Civil War">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Border_states_(American_Civil_War)" title="Border states (American Civil War)">Border states (American Civil War)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="Kentucky in the American Civil War">Kentucky in the American Civil War</a></div> Kentucky was a heavily divided slave state during the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>. Though the state had dueling Union and Confederate state governments, Kentucky was never an official component of the Confederacy. <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="Kentucky in the American Civil War">Kentucky was one of</a> the Southern <a href="/wiki/Border_states_(American_Civil_War)" title="Border states (American Civil War)">border states</a> during the war, and it remained neutral within the <a href="/wiki/Union_(American_Civil_War)" title="Union (American Civil War)">Union</a>.<a href="#cite_note-42">[39]</a> Despite this, representatives from 68 of 110 counties met at <a href="/wiki/Russellville,_Kentucky" title="Russellville, Kentucky">Russellville</a> calling themselves the "Convention of the People of Kentucky" and passed an <a href="/wiki/Ordinance_of_Secession" title="Ordinance of Secession">Ordinance of Secession</a> on November 20, 1861.<a href="#cite_note-43">[40]</a> They established a <a href="/wiki/Confederate_government_of_Kentucky" title="Confederate government of Kentucky">Confederate government of Kentucky</a> with its capital in <a href="/wiki/Bowling_Green,_Kentucky" title="Bowling Green, Kentucky">Bowling Green</a>, and Kentucky was officially admitted into the Confederacy on December 10, 1861, as the 13th Confederate state with full recognition in Richmond.<a href="#cite_note-44">[41]</a> The Confederate shadow government was never popularly elected statewide, though 116 delegates were sent representing 68 Kentucky counties which at the time made up a little over half the territory of the Commonwealth to the Russellville Convention in 1861, and were occupied and governed by the Confederacy at some point in the duration of the war, and Kentucky had full representation within the Confederate Government. Although Confederate forces briefly controlled Frankfort, they were expelled by Union forces before a Confederate government could be installed in the state capital. After the expulsion of Confederate forces after the Battle of Perryville, this government operated in-exile. Though it existed throughout the war, Kentucky's provisional government only had governing authority in areas of Kentucky under direct Confederate control and had very little effect on the events in the Commonwealth or in the war once they were driven out of the state. Kentucky remained officially "neutral" throughout the war[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] due to the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Unionists" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Unionists">Southern Unionists</a> sympathies of a majority of the Commonwealth's citizens who were split between the struggle of Kentucky's sister Southern States fully in the <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">Confederate States of America</a> and a continued loyalty to the Unionist cause that was prevalent in other areas of the South such as in East Tennessee, West Virginia, Western North Carolina, and others. Despite this, some 21st-century Kentuckians observe <a href="/wiki/Confederate_Memorial_Day" title="Confederate Memorial Day">Confederate Memorial Day</a> on <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">Confederate</a> leader <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Davis" title="Jefferson Davis">Jefferson Davis</a>' birthday, June 3, and participate in Confederate battle re-enactments.<a href="#cite_note-45">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[43]</a> Both Davis and U.S. president <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Abraham Lincoln</a> were born in Kentucky. <a href="/wiki/John_C._Breckinridge" title="John C. Breckinridge">John C. Breckinridge</a>, the 14th and youngest-ever Vice President was born in Lexington, Kentucky at Cabell's Dale Farm. Breckenridge was expelled from the U. S. Senate for his support of the Confederacy. Henry W. Grady, editor of the Atlanta Constitution, coined the term New South in 1874, urging transformation from an agrarian economy to a modern industrial one. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reconstruction_and_the_New_South">Reconstruction and the New South</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Reconstruction and the New South">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Hatfield-McCoy_feud" class="mw-redirect" title="Hatfield-McCoy feud">Hatfield-McCoy feud</a></div> On January 30, 1900, Governor <a href="/wiki/William_Goebel" title="William Goebel">William Goebel</a>, flanked by two bodyguards, was mortally wounded by an <a href="/wiki/Assassination" title="Assassination">assassin</a> while walking to the State Capitol in downtown Frankfort. Goebel was contesting the <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_gubernatorial_election,_1899" class="mw-redirect" title="Kentucky gubernatorial election, 1899">Kentucky gubernatorial election of 1899</a>, which <a href="/wiki/William_S._Taylor_(Kentucky_politician)" title="William S. Taylor (Kentucky politician)">William S. Taylor</a> was initially believed to have won. For several months, <a href="/wiki/J._C._W._Beckham" title="J. C. W. Beckham">J. C. W. Beckham</a>, Goebel's running mate, and Taylor fought over who was the legal governor until the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court of the United States</a> ruled in May in favor of Beckham. After fleeing to <a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a>, Taylor was indicted as a co-conspirator in Goebel's <a href="/wiki/Assassination" title="Assassination">assassination</a>. Goebel is the only governor of a U.S. state to have been assassinated while in office.<a href="#cite_note-47">[44]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Black_Patch_Tobacco_Wars" title="Black Patch Tobacco Wars">Black Patch Tobacco Wars</a>, a vigilante action, occurred in Western Kentucky in the early 20th century. As a result of the <a href="/wiki/Tobacco_industry" title="Tobacco industry">tobacco industry</a> monopoly, tobacco farmers in the area were forced to sell their crops at prices that were too low. Many local farmers and activists united in a refusal to sell their crops to the major tobacco companies. An Association meeting occurred in downtown <a href="/wiki/Guthrie,_Kentucky" title="Guthrie, Kentucky">Guthrie</a>,<a href="#cite_note-48">[45]</a> where a vigilante wing of "Night Riders", formed. The riders terrorized farmers who sold their tobacco at the low prices demanded by the tobacco corporations. They burned several tobacco warehouses throughout the area, stretching as far west as <a href="/wiki/Hopkinsville,_Kentucky" title="Hopkinsville, Kentucky">Hopkinsville</a> to <a href="/wiki/Princeton,_Kentucky" title="Princeton, Kentucky">Princeton</a>. In the later period of their operation, they were known to physically assault farmers who broke the boycott. Governor <a href="/wiki/Augustus_E._Willson" title="Augustus E. Willson">Augustus E. Willson</a> declared <a href="/wiki/Martial_law" title="Martial law">martial law</a> and deployed the <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_National_Guard" title="Kentucky National Guard">Kentucky National Guard</a> to end the wars. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Geography">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Coal_mining_in_Kentucky" title="Coal mining in Kentucky">Coal mining in Kentucky</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_Kentucky_NA_(cropped).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Map_of_Kentucky_NA_%28cropped%29.png/290px-Map_of_Kentucky_NA_%28cropped%29.png" decoding="async" width="290" height="204" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Map_of_Kentucky_NA_%28cropped%29.png/435px-Map_of_Kentucky_NA_%28cropped%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Map_of_Kentucky_NA_%28cropped%29.png/580px-Map_of_Kentucky_NA_%28cropped%29.png 2x" data-file-width="1562" data-file-height="1101" /></a><figcaption>Map of Kentucky</figcaption></figure> Kentucky is situated in the <a href="/wiki/Upland_South" title="Upland South">Upland South</a>.<a href="#cite_note-49">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-50">[47]</a> A significant portion of eastern Kentucky is part of <a href="/wiki/Appalachia" title="Appalachia">Appalachia</a>. Kentucky borders seven states, from the <a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">Midwest</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Southeastern_United_States" title="Southeastern United States">Southeast</a>. <a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a> lies to the northeast, <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> to the east, <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> to the south, <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> to the west, <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> to the northwest, and <a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> to the north. Only Missouri and Tennessee, both of which border eight states, touch more. Kentucky's northern border is formed by the north shore of the <a href="/wiki/Ohio_River" title="Ohio River">Ohio River</a><a href="#cite_note-Supreme-51">[48]</a> and its western border by the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a>; however, the official border is based on the courses of the rivers as they existed when Kentucky became a state in 1792. For instance, northbound travelers on <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_41_in_Kentucky" title="U.S. Route 41 in Kentucky">U.S. 41</a> from Henderson, after crossing the Ohio River, will be in Kentucky for about two miles (3 km). <a href="/wiki/Ellis_Park_Racecourse" class="mw-redirect" title="Ellis Park Racecourse">Ellis Park</a>, a thoroughbred racetrack, is located in this small piece of Kentucky. Waterworks Road is part of the only land border between Indiana and Kentucky.<a href="#cite_note-52">[49]</a> Kentucky has a non-contiguous part known as <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Bend" title="Kentucky Bend">Kentucky Bend</a>, at the far west corner of the state. It exists as an <a href="/wiki/Exclave" class="mw-redirect" title="Exclave">exclave</a> surrounded completely by <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a>, and is included in the boundaries of <a href="/wiki/Fulton_County,_Kentucky" title="Fulton County, Kentucky">Fulton County</a>. Road access to this small part of Kentucky on the Mississippi River (populated by 18 people as of 2010<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit">[update]</a>)<a href="#cite_note-53">[50]</a> requires traveling through Tennessee. The epicenter of the <a href="/wiki/1811%E2%80%9312_New_Madrid_earthquakes" class="mw-redirect" title="1811–12 New Madrid earthquakes">1811–12 New Madrid earthquakes</a> was near this area, causing the Mississippi River to flow backwards in some places. Though the series of quakes changed the area geologically and affected the small number of inhabitants of the area at the time, the Kentucky Bend is the result of a surveying error, not the New Madrid earthquake.<a href="#cite_note-54">[51]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Regions">Regions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Regions">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KYphysiography.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/KYphysiography.svg/350px-KYphysiography.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/KYphysiography.svg/525px-KYphysiography.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/KYphysiography.svg/700px-KYphysiography.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1099" data-file-height="485" /></a><figcaption>Kentucky's regions (click on image for color-coding information; contrary to the map, regions do not follow county lines and the Western Coal Field is not as extensive as indicated. The outer part of it is the Clifty Area, which contains no coal but has bituminous sandstone.)</figcaption></figure> Kentucky can be divided into five primary regions: the <a href="/wiki/Cumberland_Plateau" title="Cumberland Plateau">Cumberland Plateau</a> in the east, which is wholly underlain by coal and constitutes the Eastern Coal Field; the north-central <a href="/wiki/Bluegrass_region" title="Bluegrass region">Bluegrass region</a>, where the major cities and the capital are located; the south-central and western <a href="/wiki/Pennyroyal_Plateau" title="Pennyroyal Plateau">Pennyroyal Plateau</a> (a Mississippian-age plateau that is divided into eastern, central and western sub-regions, the latter known as the Pennyrile); the <a href="/wiki/Western_Coal_Field" title="Western Coal Field">Western Coal Field</a>; and the far-western <a href="/wiki/Jackson_Purchase" title="Jackson Purchase">Jackson Purchase</a>, the northernmost extension of the Mississippian Embayment, west and south of the Tennessee River.<a href="#cite_note-55">[52]</a> The Bluegrass region is commonly divided into two regions, the Inner Bluegrass encircling 90 miles (140 km) around <a href="/wiki/Lexington,_Kentucky" title="Lexington, Kentucky">Lexington</a>, and the Outer Bluegrass that contains most of the northern portion of the state, above the <a href="/wiki/Knobs_region" title="Knobs region">Knobs</a>. Much of the outer Bluegrass is in the <a href="/wiki/Eden_Shale_Hills" title="Eden Shale Hills">Eden Shale Hills</a> sub-region, made up of short, steep, and very narrow hills. The alluvial plain of the <a href="/wiki/Ohio_River" title="Ohio River">Ohio River</a> is another geological region, as is the area south and east of Pine Mountain, part of the <a href="/wiki/Ridge-and-Valley_Appalachians" title="Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians">Ridge and Valley Belt</a> of Appalachia.<a href="#cite_note-56">[53]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Climate">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:K%C3%B6ppen_Climate_Types_Kentucky.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/K%C3%B6ppen_Climate_Types_Kentucky.png/290px-K%C3%B6ppen_Climate_Types_Kentucky.png" decoding="async" width="290" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/K%C3%B6ppen_Climate_Types_Kentucky.png/435px-K%C3%B6ppen_Climate_Types_Kentucky.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/K%C3%B6ppen_Climate_Types_Kentucky.png/580px-K%C3%B6ppen_Climate_Types_Kentucky.png 2x" data-file-width="1530" data-file-height="1035" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate types</a> of Kentucky, using 1991–2020 <a href="/wiki/Climatological_normal" title="Climatological normal">climate normals</a>.</figcaption></figure> Most of Kentucky has a <a href="/wiki/Humid_subtropical_climate" title="Humid subtropical climate">humid subtropical climate</a> (Köppen: Cfa), with small <a href="/wiki/Appalachian_Mountains" title="Appalachian Mountains">Appalachian</a> highland areas of the southeast of the state having an <a href="/wiki/Oceanic_climate" title="Oceanic climate">oceanic climate</a> (Cfb).<a href="#cite_note-57">[54]</a> Temperatures in Kentucky usually range from daytime summer highs of 87 °F (31 °C) to the winter low of 23 °F (−5 °C). The average precipitation is 46 inches (1,200 mm) a year.<a href="#cite_note-58">[55]</a> Kentucky has four distinct seasons, with substantial variations in the severity of summer and winter.<a href="#cite_note-59">[56]</a> The state's highest recorded temperature was 114 °F (46 °C) in <a href="/wiki/Greensburg,_Kentucky" title="Greensburg, Kentucky">Greensburg</a> on July 28, 1930, while its lowest recorded temperature was −37 °F (−38 °C) in <a href="/wiki/Shelbyville,_Kentucky" title="Shelbyville, Kentucky">Shelbyville</a> on <a href="/wiki/1994_North_American_cold_wave" title="1994 North American cold wave">January 19, 1994</a>. The state seldom experiences the extreme cold of far northern states or the high heat of the states in the <a href="/wiki/Deep_South" title="Deep South">Deep South</a>; temperatures rarely drop below zero degrees Fahrenheit or rise above 100 degrees. Rain and snowfall averages about 45 inches per year. The climate varies markedly within the state. The northern parts tend to be about five degrees cooler than those in the western parts of the state. <a href="/wiki/Somerset,_Kentucky" title="Somerset, Kentucky">Somerset</a> in the south-central part receives ten more inches of rain per year than <a href="/wiki/Covington,_Kentucky" title="Covington, Kentucky">Covington</a> to the north. Average temperatures for the entire state range from the low 30s in January to the high 80s in mid-July. The annual average temperature varies from 55 to 60 °F (13 to 16 °C): of 55 °F (13 °C) in the far north as an average annual temperature and of 60 °F (16 °C) in the extreme southwest.<a href="#cite_note-60">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[58]</a> In general, Kentucky has relatively hot, <a href="/wiki/Humid" class="mw-redirect" title="Humid">humid</a>, rainy summers, and moderately cold and rainy winters. Mean maximum temperatures in July vary from 83 to 90 °F (28 to 32 °C); the mean minimum July temperatures are 61 to 69 °F (16 to 21 °C). In January the mean maximum temperatures range from 36 to 44 °F (2 to 7 °C); the mean minimum temperatures range from 19 to 26 °F (−7 to −3 °C). Temperature means vary with northern and far-eastern mountain regions averaging five degrees cooler year-round, compared to the relatively warmer areas of the southern and western regions of the state. Precipitation varies north to south with the north averaging of 38 to 40 inches (970 to 1,020 mm), and the south averaging of 50 inches (1,300 mm). Days per year below the freezing point vary from about sixty days in the southwest to more than a hundred days in the far-north and far-east.<a href="#cite_note-62">[59]</a> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="13" style="text-align:center; font-size:120%; background:#e8eafa;">Monthly average high and low temperatures for various Kentucky cities ( °F) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#e5afaa; color:Black; height:17px;">City </th> <th style="background:#e5afaa; color:Black;">Jan </th> <th style="background:#e5afaa; color:Black;">Feb </th> <th style="background:#e5afaa; color:Black;">Mar </th> <th style="background:#e5afaa; color:Black;">Apr </th> <th style="background:#e5afaa; color:Black;">May </th> <th style="background:#e5afaa; color:Black;">Jun </th> <th style="background:#e5afaa; color:Black;">Jul </th> <th style="background:#e5afaa; color:Black;">Aug </th> <th style="background:#e5afaa; color:Black;">Sep </th> <th style="background:#e5afaa; color:Black;">Oct </th> <th style="background:#e5afaa; color:Black;">Nov </th> <th style="background:#e5afaa; color:Black;">Dec </th></tr> <tr id="cite_ref-63" class="cite-bracket"> <th style="background:#f8f3ca; color:Black; height:16px;">Lexington </th> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">40.9/24.8 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">45.5/27.9 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">55.3/35.4 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">65.7/44.7 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">74.3/54.2 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">82.8/62.7 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">86.1/66.5 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">85.6/65.2 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">78.8/57.6 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">67.5/46.6 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">55.4/37.2 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">43.9/28 </td></tr> <tr id="cite_ref-64" class="cite-bracket"> <th style="background:#c5dfe1; color:Black; height:16px;">Louisville </th> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">43/26.8 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">47.8/29.9 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">57.9/37.8 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">68.8/47.3 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">77.1/57 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">85.3/66 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">88.7/69.9 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">88.3/68.5 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">81.5/60.5 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">70.1/48.9 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">57.9/39.5 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">45.8/30 </td></tr> <tr id="cite_ref-65" class="cite-bracket"> <th style="background:#f8f3ca; color:Black; height:16px;">Owensboro </th> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">41.2/23.2 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">46.6/26.8 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">58.3/36.7 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">69.3/45.9 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">78.1/54.5 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">86.4/62.8 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">89.2/66.6 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">88.2/64.4 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">82.4/58.3 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">71.6/45.7 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">58.1/37.4 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">45.9/28.2 </td></tr> <tr id="cite_ref-66" class="cite-bracket"> <th style="background:#c5dfe1; color:Black; height:16px;">Paducah </th> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">43.4/25.8 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">48.9/29.5 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">59/37.7 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">69.4/46.6 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">78/56.3 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">86.2/64.9 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">89.3/68.5 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">89/66.1 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">82.1/57.8 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">71/46.7 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">58.4/37.9 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">46.3/28.6 </td></tr> <tr id="cite_ref-67" class="cite-bracket"> <th style="background:#f8f3ca; color:Black; height:16px;">Pikeville </th> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">44/23 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">50/25 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">60/32 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">69/39 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">77/49 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">84/58 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">87/63 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">86/62 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">80/56 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">71/42 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">60/33 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">49/26 </td></tr> <tr id="cite_ref-68" class="cite-bracket"> <th style="background:#c5dfe1; color:Black; height:16px;">Ashland </th> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">42/19 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">47/21 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">57/29 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">68/37 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">77/47 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">84/56 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">88/61 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">87/59 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">80/52 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">69/40 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">57/31 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">46/23 </td></tr> <tr id="cite_ref-69" class="cite-bracket"> <th style="background:#c5dfe1; color:Black; height:16px;">Bowling Green </th> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">45/26.4 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">50/29.6 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">59.8/37 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">69.7/45.6 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">77.8/55 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">86.1/63.9 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">89.4/67.9 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">88.9/66.1 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">82.1/58 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">71.2/46.3 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">59.4/37.5 </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">47.9/29.2 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Natural_disasters">Natural disasters</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Natural disasters">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Deadliest weather events in Kentucky history </th> <th>Date </th> <th>Death Toll </th> <th>Affected Regions </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/March_1890_middle_Mississippi_Valley_tornado_outbreak" class="mw-redirect" title="March 1890 middle Mississippi Valley tornado outbreak">March 1890 middle Mississippi Valley tornado outbreak</a></td> <td>March 27, 1890</td> <td>200+</td> <td>Louisville, W KY </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gradyville_flood" class="mw-redirect" title="Gradyville flood">Gradyville flood</a></td> <td>June 7, 1907</td> <td>20</td> <td>Gradyville </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/May%E2%80%93June_1917_tornado_outbreak_sequence" class="mw-redirect" title="May–June 1917 tornado outbreak sequence">May–June 1917 tornado outbreak sequence</a></td> <td>May 27, 1917</td> <td>66</td> <td>Fulton area </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Early-May_1933_tornado_outbreak_sequence" class="mw-redirect" title="Early-May 1933 tornado outbreak sequence">Early-May 1933 tornado outbreak sequence</a></td> <td>May 9, 1933, Tornado</td> <td>38</td> <td>South Central KY </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio_River_flood_of_1937" title="Ohio River flood of 1937">Ohio River flood of 1937</a></td> <td>Early 1937</td> <td>unknown</td> <td>Statewide </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1974_Super_Outbreak" title="1974 Super Outbreak">April 3, 1974, tornado outbreak</a></td> <td>April 3, 1974</td> <td>72</td> <td>Statewide </td></tr> <tr> <td>March 1, 1997, Flooding</td> <td>Early March 1997</td> <td>18</td> <td>Statewide </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tornado_outbreak_sequence_of_May_2004" title="Tornado outbreak sequence of May 2004">Tornado outbreak sequence of May 2004</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[67]</a></td> <td>May 30, 2004</td> <td>0</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_County,_KY" class="mw-redirect" title="Jefferson County, KY">Jefferson County, KY</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/December_21%E2%80%9324,_2004_North_American_winter_storm" class="mw-redirect" title="December 21–24, 2004 North American winter storm">December 21–24, 2004 North American winter storm</a><a href="#cite_note-71">[68]</a></td> <td>December 21–24, 2004</td> <td>unknown</td> <td>Statewide </td></tr> <tr> <td>Widespread Flash Flooding<a href="#cite_note-72">[69]</a></td> <td>September 22–23, 2006</td> <td>6</td> <td>Statewide </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/January_2009_North_American_ice_storm" title="January 2009 North American ice storm">January 2009 North American ice storm</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[70]</a></td> <td>January 26–28, 2009</td> <td>35</td> <td>Statewide </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2009_Kentuckiana_Flash_Flood" class="mw-redirect" title="2009 Kentuckiana Flash Flood">2009 Kentuckiana Flash Flood</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[71]</a></td> <td>August 4, 2009</td> <td>36</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kentuckiana" title="Kentuckiana">Kentuckiana</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tornado_outbreak_of_March_2%E2%80%933,_2012" title="Tornado outbreak of March 2–3, 2012">Tornado outbreak of March 2–3, 2012</a></td> <td>March 2, 2012</td> <td>22</td> <td>Statewide </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tornado_outbreak_of_December_10%E2%80%9311,_2021" title="Tornado outbreak of December 10–11, 2021">Tornado outbreak of December 10–11, 2021</a> </td> <td>December 10–11, 2021 </td> <td>74 </td> <td>Kentucky, 5 other states </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/July%E2%80%93August_2022_United_States_floods" title="July–August 2022 United States floods">July–August 2022 United States floods</a></td> <td>July 24 – August 2, 2022</td> <td>37</td> <td>Kentucky, 5 other states </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lakes_and_rivers">Lakes and rivers</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Lakes and rivers">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_in_Kentucky" class="mw-redirect" title="List of lakes in Kentucky">List of lakes in Kentucky</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Kentucky" title="List of rivers of Kentucky">List of rivers of Kentucky</a>, and <a href="/wiki/List_of_dams_and_reservoirs_in_Kentucky" title="List of dams and reservoirs in Kentucky">List of dams and reservoirs in Kentucky</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wolf_Creek_Dam_and_Lake_Cumberland,_KY.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Wolf_Creek_Dam_and_Lake_Cumberland%2C_KY.jpg/220px-Wolf_Creek_Dam_and_Lake_Cumberland%2C_KY.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Wolf_Creek_Dam_and_Lake_Cumberland%2C_KY.jpg/330px-Wolf_Creek_Dam_and_Lake_Cumberland%2C_KY.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Wolf_Creek_Dam_and_Lake_Cumberland%2C_KY.jpg/440px-Wolf_Creek_Dam_and_Lake_Cumberland%2C_KY.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Lake_Cumberland" title="Lake Cumberland">Lake Cumberland</a> is the largest artificial American lake east of the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a> by volume.</figcaption></figure> Kentucky has the second-most navigable miles of water among U.S. states, second to <a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a>.<a href="#cite_note-75">[72]</a> Kentucky is the only state to have a continuous border of rivers running along three of its sides – the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a> to the west, the <a href="/wiki/Ohio_River" title="Ohio River">Ohio River</a> to the north, and the <a href="/wiki/Big_Sandy_River_(Ohio_River)" class="mw-redirect" title="Big Sandy River (Ohio River)">Big Sandy River</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tug_Fork" title="Tug Fork">Tug Fork</a> to the east.<a href="#cite_note-kye-rivers-76">[73]</a> Its major internal rivers include the <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_River" title="Kentucky River">Kentucky River</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_River" title="Tennessee River">Tennessee River</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cumberland_River" title="Cumberland River">Cumberland River</a>, <a href="/wiki/Green_River_(Kentucky)" title="Green River (Kentucky)">Green River</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Licking_River_(Kentucky)" title="Licking River (Kentucky)">Licking River</a>. Though it has only three major natural lakes,<a href="#cite_note-kye-lakes-77">[74]</a> Kentucky is home to many <a href="/wiki/Artificial_lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Artificial lake">artificial lakes</a>. It has the largest artificial lakes east of the Mississippi in both water volume (<a href="/wiki/Lake_Cumberland" title="Lake Cumberland">Lake Cumberland</a>) and surface area (<a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Lake" title="Kentucky Lake">Kentucky Lake</a>). Kentucky Lake's 2,064 miles (3,322 km) of shoreline, 160,300 acres (64,900 hectares) of water surface, and 4,008,000 <a href="/wiki/Acre-foot" title="Acre-foot">acre-feet</a> (4.9 <a href="/wiki/1000000000_(number)" class="mw-redirect" title="1000000000 (number)">billion</a> <a href="/wiki/Cubic_metre" title="Cubic metre">cubic meters</a>) of flood storage are the most of any lake in the <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Valley_Authority" title="Tennessee Valley Authority">Tennessee Valley Authority</a> system.<a href="#cite_note-78">[75]</a> Kentucky's 90,000 miles (140,000 km) of streams provides one of the most expansive and complex stream systems in the nation. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Natural_environment_and_conservation">Natural environment and conservation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Natural environment and conservation">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WaterfrontPkDwnt.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/WaterfrontPkDwnt.jpg/220px-WaterfrontPkDwnt.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/WaterfrontPkDwnt.jpg/330px-WaterfrontPkDwnt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/WaterfrontPkDwnt.jpg/440px-WaterfrontPkDwnt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>Once an industrial area, Louisville's waterfront has thousands of trees and miles of walking trails.</figcaption></figure> Kentucky hosts multiple habitats with a high number of <a href="/wiki/Endemic" class="mw-redirect" title="Endemic">endemic</a> species, including some of the most extensive cave systems in the world. 102 known species are endemic to the state.<a href="#cite_note-79">[76]</a> The Bluegrass region, which is believed to have once been a lush open woodland environment similar to <a href="/wiki/Oak_savanna" title="Oak savanna">oak savanna</a> with abundant thickets of <a href="/wiki/Arundinaria_gigantea" title="Arundinaria gigantea">river cane</a>, a species of <a href="/wiki/Bamboo" title="Bamboo">bamboo</a>, was once described by <a href="/wiki/E._Lucy_Braun" class="mw-redirect" title="E. Lucy Braun">E. Lucy Braun</a> as having the most "anomalous" plant life of the whole Eastern United States.<a href="#cite_note-80">[77]</a> Kentucky's natural environment has suffered greatly from destructive human activities that began after European colonization, particularly the conversion of natural habitat to farmland and <a href="/wiki/Coal_mining_in_Appalachia" class="mw-redirect" title="Coal mining in Appalachia">coal mining</a>. Kentucky has an expansive park system, which includes one national park, two National Recreation Areas, two National Historic Parks, two <a href="/wiki/United_States_National_Forest" class="mw-redirect" title="United States National Forest">national forests</a>, two National Wildlife Refuges, 45 <a href="/wiki/State_park" title="State park">state parks</a>, 37,896 acres (153 km2) of state forest, and 82 <a href="/wiki/Wildlife_management_area" title="Wildlife management area">wildlife management areas</a>. Kentucky has been part of two of the most successful wildlife reintroduction projects in United States history. In the winter of 1997, the <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Department_of_Fish_and_Wildlife_Resources" title="Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources">Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources</a> began to re-stock <a href="/wiki/Elk" title="Elk">elk</a> in the state's eastern counties, which had been extirpated from the area for over 150 years. As of 2009<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit">[update]</a>, the herd had reached the project goal of 10,000 animals, making it the largest herd east of the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a>.<a href="#cite_note-81">[78]</a> The state stocked <a href="/wiki/Wild_turkey" title="Wild turkey">wild turkeys</a> in the 1950s, after reportedly having fewer than 900. Once nearly extinct, wild turkeys thrive throughout Kentucky.<a href="#cite_note-82">[79]</a> Hunters reported a record 29,006 birds taken during the 23-day season in spring 2009.<a href="#cite_note-83">[80]</a> In 1991 the Land Between the Lakes partnered with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for the Red Wolf Recovery Program, a captive breeding program.<a href="#cite_note-84">[81]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Natural_attractions">Natural attractions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Natural attractions">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Half_Moon,_Kentucky.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Half_Moon%2C_Kentucky.JPG/220px-Half_Moon%2C_Kentucky.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Half_Moon%2C_Kentucky.JPG/330px-Half_Moon%2C_Kentucky.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Half_Moon%2C_Kentucky.JPG/440px-Half_Moon%2C_Kentucky.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Red_River_Gorge" title="Red River Gorge">Red River Gorge</a> is one of Kentucky's most visited places.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Otter_Creek_Park_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Otter_Creek_Park_2.jpg/220px-Otter_Creek_Park_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Otter_Creek_Park_2.jpg/330px-Otter_Creek_Park_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Otter_Creek_Park_2.jpg/440px-Otter_Creek_Park_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Forest at <a href="/wiki/Otter_Creek_Outdoor_Recreation_Area" title="Otter Creek Outdoor Recreation Area">Otter Creek Outdoor Recreation Area</a>, Meade County, Kentucky</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cumberland_Gap" title="Cumberland Gap">Cumberland Gap</a>, chief passageway through the <a href="/wiki/Appalachian_Mountains" title="Appalachian Mountains">Appalachian Mountains</a> in early American history.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumberland_Falls" title="Cumberland Falls">Cumberland Falls</a>, the only place in the Western Hemisphere where a "<a href="/wiki/Moonbow" title="Moonbow">moonbow</a>" may be regularly seen, due to the spray of the falls.<a href="#cite_note-85">[82]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mammoth_Cave_National_Park" title="Mammoth Cave National Park">Mammoth Cave National Park</a>, featuring the world's longest known cave system.<a href="#cite_note-86">[83]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_River_Gorge" title="Red River Gorge">Red River Gorge</a> Geological Area, part of the <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Boone_National_Forest" title="Daniel Boone National Forest">Daniel Boone National Forest</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_Between_the_Lakes" class="mw-redirect" title="Land Between the Lakes">Land Between the Lakes</a>, a <a href="/wiki/National_Recreation_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="National Recreation Area">National Recreation Area</a> managed by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Forest_Service" title="United States Forest Service">United States Forest Service</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_South_Fork_National_River_and_Recreation_Area" title="Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area">Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area</a> near <a href="/wiki/Whitley_City,_Kentucky" title="Whitley City, Kentucky">Whitley City</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Mountain_(Kentucky)" title="Black Mountain (Kentucky)">Black Mountain</a>, state's highest point of elevation.<a href="#cite_note-usgs-87">[84]</a> Runs along the south ridge of Pine Mountain in Letcher County, Kentucky. The highest point located in Harlan County.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bad_Branch_Falls_State_Nature_Preserve" title="Bad Branch Falls State Nature Preserve">Bad Branch Falls State Nature Preserve</a>, 2,639-acre (11 km2) state nature preserve on southern slope of Pine Mountain in <a href="/wiki/Letcher_County,_Kentucky" title="Letcher County, Kentucky">Letcher County</a>. Includes one of the largest concentrations of rare and endangered species in the state,<a href="#cite_note-88">[85]</a> as well as a 60-foot (18 m) waterfall and a Kentucky Wild River.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify">clarification needed</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Memorial_Forest" title="Jefferson Memorial Forest">Jefferson Memorial Forest</a>, located in the southern fringes of <a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Knobs_region" title="Knobs region">Knobs region</a>, the largest municipally run forest in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-89">[86]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Cumberland" title="Lake Cumberland">Lake Cumberland</a>, 1,255 miles (2,020 km) of shoreline located in South Central Kentucky.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_Bridge_State_Resort_Park" title="Natural Bridge State Resort Park">Natural Bridge</a>, located in <a href="/wiki/Slade,_Kentucky" title="Slade, Kentucky">Slade, Kentucky</a> Powell County.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breaks_Interstate_Park" title="Breaks Interstate Park">Breaks Interstate Park</a>, located in southeastern <a href="/wiki/Pike_County,_Kentucky" title="Pike County, Kentucky">Pike County, Kentucky</a> and Southwestern <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a>. The Breaks is commonly known as the "Grand Canyon of the South".<a href="#cite_note-90">[87]</a></li> <li>Blanton Forest, located in <a href="/wiki/Harlan_County,_Kentucky" title="Harlan County, Kentucky">Harlan County</a>, the state's largest <a href="/wiki/Old-growth_forest" title="Old-growth forest">old-growth forest</a> and one of only 13 remaining large tracts of old-growth forest in the eastern USA.<a href="#cite_note-91">[88]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administrative_divisions">Administrative divisions</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Administrative divisions">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Counties">Counties</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Counties">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Kentucky" title="List of counties in Kentucky">List of counties in Kentucky</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fiscal_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="Fiscal Court">Fiscal Court</a></div> Kentucky is subdivided into 120 <a href="/wiki/County_(United_States)" title="County (United States)">counties</a>, the largest being <a href="/wiki/Pike_County,_Kentucky" title="Pike County, Kentucky">Pike County</a> at 787.6 square miles (2,040 km2), and the most populous being <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_County,_Kentucky" title="Jefferson County, Kentucky">Jefferson County</a> (which <a href="/wiki/Consolidated_city%E2%80%93county" class="mw-redirect" title="Consolidated city–county">coincides with</a> the <a href="/wiki/Louisville_Metro_Council" title="Louisville Metro Council">Louisville Metro governmental area</a>) with 772,144 residents as of 2023<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit">[update]</a>.<a href="#cite_note-92">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-93">[90]</a> County government, under the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Kentucky" title="Constitution of Kentucky">Kentucky Constitution</a> of 1891, is vested in the <a href="/wiki/County_Judge/Executive" title="County Judge/Executive">County Judge/Executive</a>, (formerly called the County Judge) who serves as the <a href="/wiki/Executive_(government)" title="Executive (government)">executive</a> head of the county, and a <a href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">legislature</a> called a <a href="/wiki/Fiscal_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="Fiscal Court">Fiscal Court</a>. Despite the unusual name, the Fiscal Court no longer has <a href="/wiki/Judiciary" title="Judiciary">judicial</a> functions. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Consolidated_city-county_governments">Consolidated city-county governments</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Consolidated city-county governments">edit</a>]</div> Kentucky's two most populous counties, Jefferson and Fayette, have their <a href="/wiki/Consolidated_city-county" title="Consolidated city-county">governments consolidated with the governments of their largest cities</a>. Louisville-Jefferson County Government (<a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville Metro</a>) and Lexington-Fayette Urban County Government (<a href="/wiki/Lexington,_Kentucky" title="Lexington, Kentucky">Lexington Metro</a>) are unique in that their city councils and county Fiscal Court structures have been merged into a single entity with a single <a href="/wiki/Mayor" title="Mayor">chief executive</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Louisville_Metro_Mayor" class="mw-redirect" title="Louisville Metro Mayor">Metro Mayor</a> and Urban County Mayor, respectively. Although the counties still exist as subdivisions of the state, in reference the names Louisville and Lexington are used to refer to the entire area coextensive with the former cities and counties.<a href="#cite_note-94">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-95">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-96">[93]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Major_cities">Major cities</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Major cities">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Kentucky" title="List of cities in Kentucky">List of cities in Kentucky</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1219497266">.mw-parser-output .largestCities-table-background{background:#f9f9f9;color:#222}.mw-parser-output .largestCities-cell-background{background:#f0f0f0;color:#222}</style> <div> <table style="font-size:88%;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 100%; border: 1px solid darkgray;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="10" style="padding:0.3em 0.75em;"><div style="float:right; width:6em; height:2.6em"> </div><div style="float:left; width:6em; height:2.6em"> </div> <div style="height:2.6em;line-height:1.3em;">Largest cities or towns in Kentucky <div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal;">Source:<a href="#cite_note-USCensusEst2022-97">[94]</a></div></div> </th></tr> <tr> <th></th> <th>Rank </th> <th><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Kentucky" title="List of cities in Kentucky">Name</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Kentucky" class="mw-redirect" title="Counties of Kentucky">County</a> </th> <th>Pop. </th> <th>Rank </th> <th><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Kentucky" title="List of cities in Kentucky">Name</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Kentucky" class="mw-redirect" title="Counties of Kentucky">County</a> </th> <th>Pop.</th> <th> </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/File:Louisville_Skyline_2021_(3).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Louisville"><img alt="Louisville" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Louisville_Skyline_2021_%283%29.jpg/120px-Louisville_Skyline_2021_%283%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Louisville_Skyline_2021_%283%29.jpg/180px-Louisville_Skyline_2021_%283%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Louisville_Skyline_2021_%283%29.jpg/240px-Louisville_Skyline_2021_%283%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1415" data-file-height="777" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville</a> <a href="/wiki/File:LexingtonDowntown.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Lexington"><img alt="Lexington" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/LexingtonDowntown.JPG/120px-LexingtonDowntown.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/LexingtonDowntown.JPG/180px-LexingtonDowntown.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/LexingtonDowntown.JPG/240px-LexingtonDowntown.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1544" data-file-height="1024" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Lexington,_Kentucky" title="Lexington, Kentucky">Lexington</a> </td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">1</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_County,_Kentucky" title="Jefferson County, Kentucky">Jefferson</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">633,045</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">11</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Nicholasville,_Kentucky" title="Nicholasville, Kentucky">Nicholasville</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jessamine_County,_Kentucky" title="Jessamine County, Kentucky">Jessamine</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">31,093 </td> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/File:Shops_along_Fountain_Square_in_Bowling_Green,_Kentucky_2008.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Bowling Green"><img alt="Bowling Green" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Shops_along_Fountain_Square_in_Bowling_Green%2C_Kentucky_2008.JPG/120px-Shops_along_Fountain_Square_in_Bowling_Green%2C_Kentucky_2008.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Shops_along_Fountain_Square_in_Bowling_Green%2C_Kentucky_2008.JPG/180px-Shops_along_Fountain_Square_in_Bowling_Green%2C_Kentucky_2008.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Shops_along_Fountain_Square_in_Bowling_Green%2C_Kentucky_2008.JPG/240px-Shops_along_Fountain_Square_in_Bowling_Green%2C_Kentucky_2008.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3056" data-file-height="2292" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Bowling_Green,_Kentucky" title="Bowling Green, Kentucky">Bowling Green</a> <a href="/wiki/File:Owensboro2ndStAnn.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Owensboro"><img alt="Owensboro" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Owensboro2ndStAnn.JPG/120px-Owensboro2ndStAnn.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Owensboro2ndStAnn.JPG/180px-Owensboro2ndStAnn.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Owensboro2ndStAnn.JPG/240px-Owensboro2ndStAnn.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2438" data-file-height="1473" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Owensboro,_Kentucky" title="Owensboro, Kentucky">Owensboro</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">2</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Lexington,_Kentucky" title="Lexington, Kentucky">Lexington</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Fayette_County,_Kentucky" title="Fayette County, Kentucky">Fayette</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">322,570</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">12</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Independence,_Kentucky" title="Independence, Kentucky">Independence</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Kenton_County,_Kentucky" title="Kenton County, Kentucky">Kenton</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">28,676 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">3</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Bowling_Green,_Kentucky" title="Bowling Green, Kentucky">Bowling Green</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Warren_County,_Kentucky" title="Warren County, Kentucky">Warren</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">72,294</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">13</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Frankfort,_Kentucky" title="Frankfort, Kentucky">Frankfort</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Franklin_County,_Kentucky" title="Franklin County, Kentucky">Franklin</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">28,602 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">4</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Owensboro,_Kentucky" title="Owensboro, Kentucky">Owensboro</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Daviess_County,_Kentucky" title="Daviess County, Kentucky">Daviess</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">60,183</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">14</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jeffersontown,_Kentucky" title="Jeffersontown, Kentucky">Jeffersontown</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_County,_Kentucky" title="Jefferson County, Kentucky">Jefferson</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">28,474 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">5</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Covington,_Kentucky" title="Covington, Kentucky">Covington</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Kenton_County,_Kentucky" title="Kenton County, Kentucky">Kenton</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">40,961</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">15</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Henderson,_Kentucky" title="Henderson, Kentucky">Henderson</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Henderson_County,_Kentucky" title="Henderson County, Kentucky">Henderson</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">27,981 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">6</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Georgetown,_Kentucky" title="Georgetown, Kentucky">Georgetown</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Scott_County,_Kentucky" title="Scott County, Kentucky">Scott</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">37,086</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">16</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Paducah,_Kentucky" title="Paducah, Kentucky">Paducah</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/McCracken_County,_Kentucky" title="McCracken County, Kentucky">McCracken</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">27,137 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">7</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Richmond,_Kentucky" title="Richmond, Kentucky">Richmond</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Madison_County,_Kentucky" title="Madison County, Kentucky">Madison</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">34,585</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">17</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Radcliff,_Kentucky" title="Radcliff, Kentucky">Radcliff</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Hardin_County,_Kentucky" title="Hardin County, Kentucky">Hardin</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">23,042 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">8</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Florence,_Kentucky" title="Florence, Kentucky">Florence</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Boone_County,_Kentucky" title="Boone County, Kentucky">Boone</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">31,946</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">18</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ashland,_Kentucky" title="Ashland, Kentucky">Ashland</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Boyd_County,_Kentucky" title="Boyd County, Kentucky">Boyd</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">21,625 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">9</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Elizabethtown,_Kentucky" title="Elizabethtown, Kentucky">Elizabethtown</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Hardin_County,_Kentucky" title="Hardin County, Kentucky">Hardin</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">31,394</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">19</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Erlanger,_Kentucky" title="Erlanger, Kentucky">Erlanger</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Kenton_County,_Kentucky" title="Kenton County, Kentucky">Kenton</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">19,611 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">10</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Hopkinsville,_Kentucky" title="Hopkinsville, Kentucky">Hopkinsville</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Christian_County,_Kentucky" title="Christian County, Kentucky">Christian</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">31,180</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">20</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Madisonville,_Kentucky" title="Madisonville, Kentucky">Madisonville</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Hopkins_County,_Kentucky" title="Hopkins County, Kentucky">Hopkins</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">19,542 </td></tr> </tbody></table></div> The <a href="/wiki/Louisville_metropolitan_area" title="Louisville metropolitan area">Metro Louisville</a> government area has a 2018 population of 1,298,990. Under <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a> methodology, the population of Louisville was 623,867. The latter figure is the population of the so-called <a href="/wiki/Louisville/Jefferson_County_metro_government_(balance),_Kentucky" title="Louisville/Jefferson County metro government (balance), Kentucky">"balance"</a> – the parts of Jefferson County that were either unincorporated or within the City of Louisville before the formation of the merged government in 2003. In 2018 the <a href="/wiki/Louisville_metropolitan_area" title="Louisville metropolitan area">Louisville Combined Statistical Area</a> (CSA) had a population of 1,569,112; including 1,209,191 in Kentucky, which means more than 25% of the state's population now lives in the Louisville CSA. Since 2000, over one-third of the state's population growth has occurred in the Louisville CSA. In addition, the top 28 wealthiest places in Kentucky are in Jefferson County and seven of the 15 wealthiest counties in the state are located in the Louisville CSA.<a href="#cite_note-98">[95]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">not specific enough to verify</a>] The state's second-largest city is Lexington with a 2018 census population of 323,780, its metro had a population of 516,697, and its <a href="/wiki/Lexington%E2%80%93Fayette%E2%80%93Frankfort%E2%80%93Richmond,_KY_Combined_Statistical_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Lexington–Fayette–Frankfort–Richmond, KY Combined Statistical Area">CSA</a>, which includes the <a href="/wiki/Frankfort,_Kentucky_micropolitan_area" title="Frankfort, Kentucky micropolitan area">Frankfort</a> and <a href="/wiki/Richmond%E2%80%93Berea_micropolitan_area" title="Richmond–Berea micropolitan area">Richmond</a> statistical areas, having a population of 746,310. The <a href="/wiki/Northern_Kentucky" title="Northern Kentucky">Northern Kentucky</a> area, which comprises the seven Kentucky counties in the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati/Northern_Kentucky_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky metropolitan area">Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky metropolitan area</a>, had a population of 447,457 in 2018. The metropolitan areas of Louisville, Lexington, and Northern Kentucky have a combined population of 2,402,958 as of 2018<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit">[update]</a>, which is 54% of the state's total population on only about 19% of the state's land. This area is often referred to as the Golden triangle as it contains a majority of the state's wealth, population, population growth, and economic growth, it is where most of the state's largest cities by population are located. It is referred to as the Golden triangle as the metro areas of Lexington, Louisville, and Northern Kentucky/Cincinnati outline a triangle shape. Interstates I-71, I-75, and I-64 form the triangle shape. Additionally, all counties in Kentucky that are part of an MSA or CSA have a total population of 2,970,694, which is 67% of the state's population. As of 2017<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit">[update]</a> <a href="/wiki/Bowling_Green,_Kentucky" title="Bowling Green, Kentucky">Bowling Green</a> had a population of 67,067, making it the third most populous city in the state. The <a href="/wiki/Bowling_Green_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Bowling Green metropolitan area">Bowling Green metropolitan area</a> had an estimated population of 174,835; and the <a href="/wiki/Combined_statistical_area" title="Combined statistical area">combined statistical area</a> it shares with <a href="/wiki/Glasgow,_Kentucky" title="Glasgow, Kentucky">Glasgow</a> has an estimated population of 228,743. The two other fast-growing urban areas in Kentucky are the <a href="/wiki/Bowling_Green,_Kentucky" title="Bowling Green, Kentucky">Bowling Green</a> area and the "Tri-Cities Region" of southeastern Kentucky, comprising <a href="/wiki/Somerset,_Kentucky" title="Somerset, Kentucky">Somerset</a>, <a href="/wiki/London,_Kentucky" title="London, Kentucky">London</a> and <a href="/wiki/Corbin,_Kentucky" title="Corbin, Kentucky">Corbin</a>. Although only one town in the "Tri-Cities" (Somerset) currently has more than 12,000 people, the area has been experiencing heightened population and job growth since the 1990s. Growth has been especially rapid in Laurel County, which outgrew areas such as Scott and Jessamine counties around Lexington or Shelby and Nelson Counties around Louisville. London significantly grew in population in the 2000s, from 5,692 in 2000 to 7,993 in 2010. London landed a <a href="/wiki/Walmart" title="Walmart">Wal-Mart</a> distribution center in 1997, bringing thousands of jobs to the community. In northeast Kentucky, the greater <a href="/wiki/Ashland,_Kentucky" title="Ashland, Kentucky">Ashland</a> area is an important transportation, manufacturing, and medical center. <a href="/wiki/Iron_and_steel_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Iron and steel industry">Iron</a> and <a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">petroleum</a> production, as well as the transport of coal by rail and <a href="/wiki/Barge" title="Barge">barge</a>, have been historical pillars of the region's economy. Due to a decline in the area's industrial base, Ashland has seen a sizable reduction in its population since 1990; however, the population of the area has since stabilized with the medical service industry taking a greater role in the local economy. The Ashland area, including the counties of <a href="/wiki/Boyd_County,_Kentucky" title="Boyd County, Kentucky">Boyd</a> and <a href="/wiki/Greenup_County,_Kentucky" title="Greenup County, Kentucky">Greenup</a>, is part of the <a href="/wiki/Huntington-Ashland,_WV-KY-OH,_Metropolitan_Statistical_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH, Metropolitan Statistical Area">Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH, Metropolitan Statistical Area</a> (MSA). As of the 2000 census, the MSA had a population of 288,649. More than 21,000 of those people (as of 2010<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit">[update]</a>) reside within the city limits of Ashland. The largest county in Kentucky by area is <a href="/wiki/Pike_County,_Kentucky" title="Pike County, Kentucky">Pike</a>, which contains <a href="/wiki/Pikeville,_Kentucky" title="Pikeville, Kentucky">Pikeville</a> and suburb <a href="/wiki/Coal_Run_Village,_Kentucky" title="Coal Run Village, Kentucky">Coal Run Village</a>. The county and surrounding area is the most populated region in the state that is not part of a <a href="/wiki/United_States_Micropolitan_Statistical_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Micropolitan Statistical Area">Micropolitan Statistical Area</a> or a <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Statistical_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Metropolitan Statistical Area">Metropolitan Statistical Area</a> containing nearly 200,000 people in five counties: <a href="/wiki/Floyd_County,_Kentucky" title="Floyd County, Kentucky">Floyd County</a>, <a href="/wiki/Martin_County,_Kentucky" title="Martin County, Kentucky">Martin County</a>, <a href="/wiki/Letcher_County,_Kentucky" title="Letcher County, Kentucky">Letcher County</a>, and neighboring <a href="/wiki/Mingo_County,_West_Virginia" title="Mingo County, West Virginia">Mingo County, West Virginia</a>. Pike County contains slightly more than 68,000 people. Only three U.S. states have capitals with smaller populations than Kentucky's <a href="/wiki/Frankfort,_Kentucky" title="Frankfort, Kentucky">Frankfort</a> (pop. 25,527): <a href="/wiki/Augusta,_Maine" title="Augusta, Maine">Augusta, Maine</a> (pop. 18,560), <a href="/wiki/Pierre,_South_Dakota" title="Pierre, South Dakota">Pierre, South Dakota</a> (pop. 13,876), and <a href="/wiki/Montpelier,_Vermont" title="Montpelier, Vermont">Montpelier, Vermont</a> (pop. 8,035). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Demographics">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Kentucky" title="Demographics of Kentucky">Demographics of Kentucky</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kentucky_population_map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Kentucky_population_map.png/350px-Kentucky_population_map.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Kentucky_population_map.png/525px-Kentucky_population_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/06/Kentucky_population_map.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>Kentucky Population Density Map</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224496135">.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop{border-spacing:1px;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:0.3em;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop caption{background-color:lavender;color:black;padding-right:0.2em;padding-left:0.2em;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-bottom:none}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop th[scope=col]{border-bottom:1px solid black}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(2){text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td.us-census-pop-estimate{padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(3){padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(4){padding-left:0.5em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-footnote{border-top:1px solid black;font-size:85%;text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-right{float:right;clear:right;margin:0 0 1em 1em}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-none{float:none;margin:0 1em 1em 0}}</style> <table class="us-census-pop us-census-pop-right"> <caption>Historical population</caption> <tbody><tr><th scope="col">Census</th><th scope="col"><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr></th><th scope="col"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1152813436">.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap}</style>Note</th><th scope="col"><abbr title="Percent change">%±</abbr></th></tr> <tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1790_United_States_census" title="1790 United States census">1790</a></th><td>73,677</td><td></td><td>—</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1800_United_States_census" title="1800 United States census">1800</a></th><td>220,955</td><td></td><td>199.9%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1810_United_States_census" title="1810 United States census">1810</a></th><td>406,511</td><td></td><td>84.0%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1820_United_States_census" title="1820 United States census">1820</a></th><td>564,317</td><td></td><td>38.8%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1830_United_States_census" title="1830 United States census">1830</a></th><td>687,917</td><td></td><td>21.9%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1840_United_States_census" title="1840 United States census">1840</a></th><td>779,828</td><td></td><td>13.4%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1850_United_States_census" title="1850 United States census">1850</a></th><td>982,405</td><td></td><td>26.0%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1860_United_States_census" title="1860 United States census">1860</a></th><td>1,155,684</td><td></td><td>17.6%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1870_United_States_census" title="1870 United States census">1870</a></th><td>1,321,011</td><td></td><td>14.3%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1880_United_States_census" title="1880 United States census">1880</a></th><td>1,648,690</td><td></td><td>24.8%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1890_United_States_census" title="1890 United States census">1890</a></th><td>1,858,635</td><td></td><td>12.7%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1900_United_States_census" title="1900 United States census">1900</a></th><td>2,147,174</td><td></td><td>15.5%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1910_United_States_census" title="1910 United States census">1910</a></th><td>2,289,905</td><td></td><td>6.6%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1920_United_States_census" title="1920 United States census">1920</a></th><td>2,416,630</td><td></td><td>5.5%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1930_United_States_census" title="1930 United States census">1930</a></th><td>2,614,589</td><td></td><td>8.2%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_census" title="1940 United States census">1940</a></th><td>2,845,627</td><td></td><td>8.8%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1950_United_States_census" title="1950 United States census">1950</a></th><td>2,944,806</td><td></td><td>3.5%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_census" title="1960 United States census">1960</a></th><td>3,038,156</td><td></td><td>3.2%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1970_United_States_census" title="1970 United States census">1970</a></th><td>3,218,706</td><td></td><td>5.9%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_census" title="1980 United States census">1980</a></th><td>3,660,777</td><td></td><td>13.7%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1990_United_States_census" title="1990 United States census">1990</a></th><td>3,685,295</td><td></td><td>0.7%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_census" title="2000 United States census">2000</a></th><td>4,041,770</td><td></td><td>9.7%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_census" title="2010 United States census">2010</a></th><td>4,339,367</td><td></td><td>7.4%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020</a></th><td>4,505,836</td><td></td><td>3.8%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" class="us-census-pop-footnote" style="text-align: center">Sources: 1790–2000<a href="#cite_note-99">[96]</a> 1910–2020<a href="#cite_note-100">[97]</a></td></tr> </tbody></table> The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a> determined that the population of Kentucky was 4,505,836 in 2020, increasing since the <a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="2010 United States Census">2010 United States census</a>.<a href="#cite_note-PopEstUS-101">[98]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ethnic_Origins_in_Kentucky.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Ethnic_Origins_in_Kentucky.png/220px-Ethnic_Origins_in_Kentucky.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Ethnic_Origins_in_Kentucky.png/330px-Ethnic_Origins_in_Kentucky.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Ethnic_Origins_in_Kentucky.png/440px-Ethnic_Origins_in_Kentucky.png 2x" data-file-width="7000" data-file-height="4320" /></a><figcaption>Ethnic origins in Kentucky</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kentucky_Counties_by_race_(2020_census).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Kentucky_Counties_by_race_%282020_census%29.svg/240px-Kentucky_Counties_by_race_%282020_census%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Kentucky_Counties_by_race_%282020_census%29.svg/360px-Kentucky_Counties_by_race_%282020_census%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Kentucky_Counties_by_race_%282020_census%29.svg/480px-Kentucky_Counties_by_race_%282020_census%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="390" data-file-height="186" /></a><figcaption>Racial plurality in Kentucky by county, per the 2020 U.S. census<div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>Legend</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> Non-Hispanic White <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend">  60–70%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  70–80%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  80–90%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  90%+</div> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </li></ul> </div></figcaption></figure> As of July 1, 2016, Kentucky had an estimated population of 4,436,974, which is an increase of 12,363 from the prior year and an increase of 97,607, or 2.2%, since the year 2010. This includes a natural increase since the last census of 73,541 people (that is 346,968 births minus 273,427 deaths) and an increase due to net migration of 26,135 people into the state. <a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_the_United_States" title="Immigration to the United States">Immigration</a> from outside the United States resulted in a net increase of 40,051 people, and migration within the country produced a net decrease of 13,916 people. As of 2015<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit">[update]</a>, Kentucky's population included about 149,016 foreign-born persons (3.4%). In 2016 the population density of the state was 110 people per square mile (42 people/km2).<a href="#cite_note-PopEstUS-101">[98]</a> <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>, <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a> are the top five countries of origin for Kentucky's immigrants.<a href="#cite_note-102">[99]</a> Kentucky's population has grown every decade since records began, though during most decades of the 20th century there was net out-migration from the state. Since 1900, rural Kentucky counties have suffered a net loss of more than a million people to migration, while urban areas have experienced a slight net gain.<a href="#cite_note-103">[100]</a> Kentucky's <a href="/wiki/Center_of_population" title="Center of population">center of population</a> is in <a href="/wiki/Washington_County,_Kentucky" title="Washington County, Kentucky">Washington County</a>, in the city of <a href="/wiki/Willisburg,_Kentucky" title="Willisburg, Kentucky">Willisburg</a>.<a href="#cite_note-104">[101]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development" title="United States Department of Housing and Urban Development">HUD</a>'s 2022 <a href="/wiki/Annual_Homeless_Assessment_Report_to_Congress" title="Annual Homeless Assessment Report to Congress">Annual Homeless Assessment Report</a>, there were an estimated 3,984 <a href="/wiki/Homelessness" title="Homelessness">homeless</a> people in Kentucky.<a href="#cite_note-105">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-106">[103]</a> <a href="/wiki/Life_expectancy" title="Life expectancy">Life expectancy</a> in Kentucky is 72.5 years in 2021.<a href="#cite_note-107">[104]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Race_and_ancestry">Race and ancestry</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Race and ancestry">edit</a>]</div> <table> <caption style="font-size:90%">Ethnic composition as of the <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020 census</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Race and Ethnicity<a href="#cite_note-108">[105]</a> </th> <th colspan="2" data-sort-type="number">Alone </th> <th colspan="2" data-sort-type="number">Total </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_or_Latino_whites" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Hispanic or Latino whites">White (non-Hispanic)</a> </td> <td align="right">81.3% </td> <td align="left">81.3<div style="width:162.6px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:gray"> </div> </td> <td align="right">85.0% </td> <td align="left">85<div style="width:170px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:gray"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">African American (non-Hispanic)</a> </td> <td align="right">7.9% </td> <td align="left">7.9<div style="width:15.8px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:mediumblue"> </div> </td> <td align="right">9.4% </td> <td align="left">9.4<div style="width:18.8px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:mediumblue"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanic or Latino</a><a href="#cite_note-109">[d]</a> </td> <td align="right">— </td> <td> </td> <td align="right">4.6% </td> <td align="left">4.6<div style="width:9.2px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:green"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Asian</a> </td> <td align="right">1.6% </td> <td align="left">1.6<div style="width:3.2px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:purple"> </div> </td> <td align="right">2.1% </td> <td align="left">2.1<div style="width:4.2px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:purple"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a> </td> <td align="right">0.2% </td> <td align="left">0.2<div style="width:0.4px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:gold"> </div> </td> <td align="right">1.8% </td> <td align="left">1.8<div style="width:3.6px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:gold"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islander_Americans" title="Pacific Islander Americans">Pacific Islander</a> </td> <td align="right">0.1% </td> <td align="left">0.1<div style="width:0.2px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:pink"> </div> </td> <td align="right">0.2% </td> <td align="left">0.2<div style="width:0.4px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:pink"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Other </td> <td align="right">0.3% </td> <td align="left">0.3<div style="width:0.6px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:brown"> </div> </td> <td align="right">0.9% </td> <td align="left">0.9<div style="width:1.8px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:brown"> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable collapsible"> <caption>Historical racial demographics </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Racial composition</th> <th>1990<a href="#cite_note-110">[106]</a></th> <th>2000<a href="#cite_note-111">[107]</a><a href="#cite_note-112">[108]</a></th> <th>2010<a href="#cite_note-2010DP1-113">[109]</a></th> <th>2020<a href="#cite_note-2020DP1-114">[110]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/White_American" class="mw-redirect" title="White American">White</a></td> <td>92.0%</td> <td>90.1%</td> <td>87.8%</td> <td>82.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/African_American" class="mw-redirect" title="African American">Black</a></td> <td>7.1%</td> <td>7.3%</td> <td>7.8%</td> <td>8.0% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Asian_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian American">Asian</a></td> <td>0.5%</td> <td>0.7%</td> <td>1.1%</td> <td>1.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alaska_Natives" title="Alaska Natives">Alaska Native</a></td> <td>0.2%</td> <td>0.2%</td> <td>0.2%</td> <td>0.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Native_Hawaiian" class="mw-redirect" title="Native Hawaiian">Native Hawaiian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islands_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific Islands American">other Pacific Islander</a></td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>0.1%</td> <td>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="Race and ethnicity in the United States Census">Other race</a></td> <td>0.2%</td> <td>0.6%</td> <td>1.3%</td> <td>2.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Multiracial_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Multiracial American">Two or more races</a></td> <td>–</td> <td>1.0%</td> <td>1.7%</td> <td>5.4% </td></tr></tbody></table> According to U.S. Census Bureau official statistics, the state's largest ancestry in 2013 was <a href="/wiki/American_ancestry" title="American ancestry">American</a>, totalling 20.2%.<a href="#cite_note-115">[111]</a> In 1980, before the status of ethnic American was an available option on the official census, the largest claimed ancestries in the commonwealth were <a href="/wiki/English_American" class="mw-redirect" title="English American">English</a> (49.6%), <a href="/wiki/Irish_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish American">Irish</a> (26.3%), and <a href="/wiki/German_American" class="mw-redirect" title="German American">German</a> (24.2%).<a href="#cite_note-116">[112]</a><a href="#cite_note-117">[113]</a><a href="#cite_note-118">[114]</a><a href="#cite_note-119">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-120">[116]</a><a href="#cite_note-121">[117]</a><a href="#cite_note-122">[118]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Bundling_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">excessive citations</a>] In the urban counties of <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_County,_Kentucky" title="Jefferson County, Kentucky">Jefferson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oldham_County,_Kentucky" title="Oldham County, Kentucky">Oldham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lexington,_Kentucky" title="Lexington, Kentucky">Fayette</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boone_County,_Kentucky" title="Boone County, Kentucky">Boone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kenton_County,_Kentucky" title="Kenton County, Kentucky">Kenton</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Campbell_County,_Kentucky" title="Campbell County, Kentucky">Campbell</a>, German is the largest reported ancestry.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Americans of <a href="/wiki/Scotch-Irish_Americans" title="Scotch-Irish Americans">Scotch-Irish</a> and <a href="/wiki/English_American" class="mw-redirect" title="English American">English</a> ancestry are present throughout the entire state. Many residents claim Irish ancestry on account of Scotch-Irish (<a href="/wiki/Ulster_Scots_people" title="Ulster Scots people">Ulster Scots</a>) descent. In the 1980s, the only counties in the United States where over half of the population cited "English" as their only ancestry group were in eastern Kentucky.<a href="#cite_note-Eugene_James_Turner_1988-123">[119]</a> In the 2000 census, some 20,000 people (0.49%) in the state self-identified as Native American. The state has no <a href="/wiki/Federally_recognized_tribes" class="mw-redirect" title="Federally recognized tribes">federally recognized tribes</a> or <a href="/wiki/State-recognized_tribes" class="mw-redirect" title="State-recognized tribes">state-recognized tribes</a>.<a href="#cite_note-124">[120]</a> African-Americans, who were mostly enslaved at the time, made up 25% of Kentucky's population before the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">Civil War</a>; they were held and worked primarily in the central <a href="/wiki/Bluegrass_region" title="Bluegrass region">Bluegrass region</a>, an area of hemp and tobacco cultivation, as well as raising blooded livestock. The number of African Americans living in Kentucky declined during the 20th century amid the <a href="/wiki/Great_Migration_(African_American)" title="Great Migration (African American)">Great Migration</a>; today, 8% of the state's total population is African-American.<a href="#cite_note-Race_and_Ethnicity_in_the_United_States:_2010_Census_and_2020_Census-125">[121]</a> The state's African-American population is highly urbanized, with 44.2% living in <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_County,_Kentucky" title="Jefferson County, Kentucky">Jefferson County</a> and 52% living in the broader Louisville metropolitan area. Other areas with high concentrations include <a href="/wiki/Christian_County,_Kentucky" title="Christian County, Kentucky">Christian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fulton_County,_Kentucky" title="Fulton County, Kentucky">Fulton</a> counties and the cities of <a href="/wiki/Paducah,_Kentucky" title="Paducah, Kentucky">Paducah</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lexington,_Kentucky" title="Lexington, Kentucky">Lexington</a>. The Hispanic and Asian populations in Kentucky are small, but have grown significantly since the late 20th century. Most of Kentucky's Hispanic residents are of <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Americans" title="Mexican Americans">Mexican</a> ancestry, while most of Kentucky's Asian residents are of Chinese and Indian heritage.<a href="#cite_note-126">[122]</a> There is also a Vietnamese community in Lexington and Louisville, and Vietnamese, Cambodian, and Lao populations in Bowling Green.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Language">Language</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Language">edit</a>]</div> In 2000, 96% of all residents of the state five years old and older spoke only <a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">English</a> at home, a small decrease from 98% in 1990. Speech patterns in the state generally reflect the first settlers' Virginia backgrounds. South Midland features are best preserved in the mountains, with <a href="/wiki/Southern_American_English" title="Southern American English">Southern</a> in most other areas of Kentucky, but some common to Midland and Southern are widespread. After a vowel, the /r/ may be weak or missing. For instance, Coop has the vowel of put, but the root rhymes with boot. In southern Kentucky, earthworms are called redworms, a burlap bag is known as a tow sack or the Southern grass sack, and green beans are called snap beans. In Kentucky English, a young man may carry, not escort, his girlfriend to a party.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a> is the second-most-spoken language in Kentucky, after English.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Religion">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Religion in Louisville, Kentucky">Religion in Louisville, Kentucky</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CollegeoftheBible-LexKY.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/CollegeoftheBible-LexKY.JPG/220px-CollegeoftheBible-LexKY.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/CollegeoftheBible-LexKY.JPG/330px-CollegeoftheBible-LexKY.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/CollegeoftheBible-LexKY.JPG/440px-CollegeoftheBible-LexKY.JPG 2x" data-file-width="478" data-file-height="486" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Lexington_Theological_Seminary" title="Lexington Theological Seminary">Lexington Theological Seminary</a> (then College of the Bible), 1904</figcaption></figure> <div class="notheme barbox tright" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:auto; background: white; color: black;"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Religion in Kentucky (2014)<a href="#cite_note-pew2014-127">[123]</a></th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;">Religion</td> <td style="width:100px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;">Percent</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Protestant</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:DarkViolet; width:65%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">65%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Irreligion" title="Irreligion">No religion</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:black; width:22%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">22%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Catholic</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:DodgerBlue; width:10%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">10%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Other faith</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:green; width:2%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">2%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div> As of 2010<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit">[update]</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Association_of_Religion_Data_Archives" title="Association of Religion Data Archives">Association of Religion Data Archives</a> (ARDA)<a href="#cite_note-www.thearda.com-128">[124]</a> reported the following groupings of Kentucky's 4,339,367 residents: <ul><li>48% not affiliated with any religious group, 2,101,653 persons</li> <li>42% <a href="/wiki/Protestant_Christian" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant Christian">Protestant Christian</a>, 1,819,860 adherents <ul><li>33% <a href="/wiki/Evangelicalism" title="Evangelicalism">Evangelical Protestant</a>, 1,448,947 adherents (23% within the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Baptist_Convention" title="Southern Baptist Convention">Southern Baptist Convention</a>, 1,004,407 adherents)</li> <li>7.1% <a href="/wiki/Mainline_Protestant" title="Mainline Protestant">Mainline Protestant</a>, 305,955 adherents (4.4% in the <a href="/wiki/United_Methodist_Church" title="United Methodist Church">United Methodist Church</a>, 189,596 adherents)</li> <li>1.5% <a href="/wiki/Black_church" title="Black church">Black Protestant</a>, 64,958 adherents</li></ul></li> <li>8.3% <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_the_United_States" title="Catholic Church in the United States">Catholic</a>, 359,783 adherents</li> <li>0.74% <a href="/wiki/Latter_Day_Saint_movement" title="Latter Day Saint movement">Latter-day Saints</a>, 31,991 adherents</li> <li>0.60% other religions, 26,080 adherents (0.26% <a href="/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslim</a>, 0.16% <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Jewish</a>, 0.06% <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhist</a>, 0.01% other)</li></ul> Being a Southern state in the <a href="/wiki/Bible_Belt" title="Bible Belt">Bible Belt</a>, Kentucky is predominantly Christian and is home to several seminaries. <a href="/wiki/Southern_Baptist_Theological_Seminary" title="Southern Baptist Theological Seminary">Southern Baptist Theological Seminary</a> in <a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville</a> is the principal seminary for the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Baptist_Convention" title="Southern Baptist Convention">Southern Baptist Convention</a>. Louisville is the home of the <a href="/wiki/Louisville_Presbyterian_Theological_Seminary" title="Louisville Presbyterian Theological Seminary">Louisville Presbyterian Theological Seminary</a>, an institution of the <a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_(USA)" title="Presbyterian Church (USA)">Presbyterian Church (USA)</a>. Lexington has one seminary, <a href="/wiki/Lexington_Theological_Seminary" title="Lexington Theological Seminary">Lexington Theological Seminary</a> (affiliated with the <a href="/wiki/Christian_Church_(Disciples_of_Christ)" title="Christian Church (Disciples of Christ)">Disciples of Christ</a>). The Baptist Seminary of Kentucky is located on the campus of <a href="/wiki/Georgetown_College" title="Georgetown College">Georgetown College</a> in Georgetown. <a href="/wiki/Asbury_Theological_Seminary" title="Asbury Theological Seminary">Asbury Theological Seminary</a>, a multi-denominational seminary in the <a href="/wiki/Methodism" title="Methodism">Methodist</a> tradition, is located in nearby <a href="/wiki/Wilmore,_Kentucky" title="Wilmore, Kentucky">Wilmore</a>. In addition to seminaries, there are several colleges affiliated with denominations: <ul><li>In Louisville, <a href="/wiki/Bellarmine_University" title="Bellarmine University">Bellarmine University</a> and <a href="/wiki/Spalding_University" title="Spalding University">Spalding University</a> are affiliated with the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_the_United_States" title="Catholic Church in the United States">Roman Catholic Church</a>.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Lexington,_Kentucky" title="Lexington, Kentucky">Lexington</a>, <a href="/wiki/Transylvania_University" title="Transylvania University">Transylvania University</a> is affiliated with the <a href="/wiki/Disciples_of_Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Disciples of Christ">Disciples of Christ</a>.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Owensboro,_Kentucky" title="Owensboro, Kentucky">Owensboro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Wesleyan_College" title="Kentucky Wesleyan College">Kentucky Wesleyan College</a> is associated with the <a href="/wiki/United_Methodist_Church" title="United Methodist Church">United Methodist Church</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Brescia_University" title="Brescia University">Brescia University</a> is associated with the Roman Catholic Church.</li> <li>In Pikeville, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Pikeville" title="University of Pikeville">University of Pikeville</a> is affiliated with the <a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_(USA)" title="Presbyterian Church (USA)">Presbyterian Church (USA)</a>.</li> <li>In Wilmore, <a href="/wiki/Asbury_University" title="Asbury University">Asbury University</a> (a separate institution from the seminary) is associated with the <a href="/wiki/Christian_College_Consortium" title="Christian College Consortium">Christian College Consortium</a>.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Baptist" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptist">Baptist</a> denomination is associated with several colleges: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Cumberlands" title="University of the Cumberlands">University of the Cumberlands</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Williamsburg,_Kentucky" title="Williamsburg, Kentucky">Williamsburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campbellsville_University" title="Campbellsville University">Campbellsville University</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Campbellsville,_Kentucky" title="Campbellsville, Kentucky">Campbellsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgetown_College_(Kentucky)" class="mw-redirect" title="Georgetown College (Kentucky)">Georgetown College</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Georgetown,_Kentucky" title="Georgetown, Kentucky">Georgetown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clear_Creek_Baptist_Bible_College" title="Clear Creek Baptist Bible College">Clear Creek Baptist Bible College</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Pineville,_Kentucky" title="Pineville, Kentucky">Pineville, Kentucky</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grayson,_Kentucky" title="Grayson, Kentucky">Grayson</a> in <a href="/wiki/Carter_County,_Kentucky" title="Carter County, Kentucky">Carter County</a> is home to <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Christian_University" title="Kentucky Christian University">Kentucky Christian University</a> which is affiliated with the Christian Churches and Churches of Christ.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Abbey_of_Our_Lady_of_Gethsemani" title="Abbey of Our Lady of Gethsemani">Abbey of Our Lady of Gethsemani</a> is located in <a href="/wiki/Bardstown,_Kentucky" title="Bardstown, Kentucky">Bardstown, Kentucky</a>. Author <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Merton" title="Thomas Merton">Thomas Merton</a>, known as a social activist, worked to reconcile Christianity with other major religions, had converted to Catholicism as a young man, and became a Trappist monk; he lived and worked here from 1941 until his death in 1968.</li></ul> Louisville is home to the <a href="/wiki/Cathedral_of_the_Assumption_(Louisville,_Kentucky)" title="Cathedral of the Assumption (Louisville, Kentucky)">Cathedral of the Assumption</a>, the third-oldest Catholic cathedral in continuous use in the United States. The city holds the headquarters of the <a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_(USA)" title="Presbyterian Church (USA)">Presbyterian Church (USA)</a> and their printing press. Reflecting late 19th, 20th and 21st-century immigration from different countries, Louisville also has <a href="/wiki/Jew" class="mw-redirect" title="Jew">Jewish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslim</a>,<a href="#cite_note-129">[125]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hindu" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu">Hindu</a> communities. In 1996 the Center for Interfaith Relations established the Festival of Faiths, the first and oldest annual interfaith festival to be held in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-130">[126]</a> The Christian creationist apologetics group, <a href="/wiki/Answers_in_Genesis" title="Answers in Genesis">Answers in Genesis</a>, along with its <a href="/wiki/Creation_Museum" title="Creation Museum">Creation Museum</a>, is headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Petersburg,_Boone_County,_Kentucky" title="Petersburg, Boone County, Kentucky">Petersburg, Kentucky</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Economy">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Economy of Louisville, Kentucky">Economy of Louisville, Kentucky</a>; <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Lexington,_Kentucky" title="Economy of Lexington, Kentucky">Economy of Lexington, Kentucky</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_locations_by_per_capita_income" class="mw-redirect" title="Kentucky locations by per capita income">Kentucky locations by per capita income</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2012_Toyota_Camry_SE_--_02-29-2012.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/2012_Toyota_Camry_SE_--_02-29-2012.JPG/220px-2012_Toyota_Camry_SE_--_02-29-2012.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/2012_Toyota_Camry_SE_--_02-29-2012.JPG/330px-2012_Toyota_Camry_SE_--_02-29-2012.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/2012_Toyota_Camry_SE_--_02-29-2012.JPG/440px-2012_Toyota_Camry_SE_--_02-29-2012.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1825" data-file-height="1093" /></a><figcaption>The best selling car in the United States, the <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Camry" title="Toyota Camry">Toyota Camry</a>, is manufactured in <a href="/wiki/Georgetown,_Kentucky" title="Georgetown, Kentucky">Georgetown, Kentucky</a>.</figcaption></figure> Early in its history, Kentucky gained recognition for its excellent farming conditions. It was the site of the first commercial <a href="/wiki/Winery" title="Winery">winery</a> in the United States (started in present-day <a href="/wiki/Jessamine_County,_Kentucky" title="Jessamine County, Kentucky">Jessamine County</a> in 1799) and due to the high calcium content of the soil in the Bluegrass region quickly became a major horse breeding (and later racing) area. Today Kentucky ranks 5th nationally in goat farming, 8th in <a href="/wiki/Beef_cattle" title="Beef cattle">beef cattle</a> production,<a href="#cite_note-131">[127]</a> and 14th in corn production.<a href="#cite_note-econedlink2007-12">[9]</a> Kentucky has been a long-standing major center of the tobacco industry – both as a center of business and tobacco farming. Kentucky's economy has expanded to in non-agricultural terms as well, especially auto manufacturing, energy fuel production, and medical facilities.<a href="#cite_note-Hunt_2019_9–14-13">[10]</a> Kentucky ranks 4th among U.S. states in the number of automobiles and trucks assembled.<a href="#cite_note-Tradeandindustrydev.com-14">[11]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_Corvette" title="Chevrolet Corvette">Chevrolet Corvette</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cadillac_XLR" title="Cadillac XLR">Cadillac XLR</a> (2004–09), <a href="/wiki/Ford_Escape" title="Ford Escape">Ford Escape</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ford_Super_Duty" title="Ford Super Duty">Ford Super Duty</a> trucks, <a href="/wiki/Ford_Expedition" title="Ford Expedition">Ford Expedition</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Navigator" title="Lincoln Navigator">Lincoln Navigator</a>, <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Camry" title="Toyota Camry">Toyota Camry</a>,<a href="#cite_note-YearInKyBusiness-132">[128]</a> <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Avalon" title="Toyota Avalon">Toyota Avalon</a>,<a href="#cite_note-YearInKyBusiness-132">[128]</a> <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Camry_Solara" title="Toyota Camry Solara">Toyota Solara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Venza" title="Toyota Venza">Toyota Venza</a>,<a href="#cite_note-YearInKyBusiness-132">[128]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lexus_ES_350" class="mw-redirect" title="Lexus ES 350">Lexus ES 350</a><a href="#cite_note-YearInKyBusiness-132">[128]</a> are assembled in Kentucky. <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ford_F-150_XL_SuperCrew_--_03-10-2010.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Ford_F-150_XL_SuperCrew_--_03-10-2010.jpg/220px-Ford_F-150_XL_SuperCrew_--_03-10-2010.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Ford_F-150_XL_SuperCrew_--_03-10-2010.jpg/330px-Ford_F-150_XL_SuperCrew_--_03-10-2010.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Ford_F-150_XL_SuperCrew_--_03-10-2010.jpg/440px-Ford_F-150_XL_SuperCrew_--_03-10-2010.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2572" data-file-height="1680" /></a><figcaption>The best selling truck in the United States, the <a href="/wiki/Ford_F-Series" title="Ford F-Series">Ford F-Series</a>, is manufactured in <a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville, Kentucky</a>.</figcaption></figure> Kentucky has historically been a major coal producer, but the industry has been in decline since the 1980s, and the number employed dropped by more than half between 2011 and 2015.<a href="#cite_note-YearInKyBusiness-132">[128]</a> As of 2010<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit">[update]</a>, 24% of electricity produced in the U.S. depended on either enriched uranium rods coming from the <a href="/wiki/Paducah_Gaseous_Diffusion_Plant" title="Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant">Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant</a> (the only domestic site of low-grade uranium enrichment),[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers">needs update</a>] or from the 107,000 tons of coal extracted from the state's two coal fields (which combined produce 4% percent of the electricity in the US).<a href="#cite_note-133">[129]</a> Kentucky produces 95% of the world's supply of <a href="/wiki/Bourbon_whiskey" title="Bourbon whiskey">bourbon whiskey</a>, and the number of barrels of bourbon being aged in Kentucky (more than 5.7 million) exceeds the state's population.<a href="#cite_note-YearInKyBusiness-132">[128]</a><a href="#cite_note-APBourbon-134">[130]</a> Bourbon has been a growing market – with production of Kentucky bourbon rising 170 percent between 1999 and 2015.<a href="#cite_note-YearInKyBusiness-132">[128]</a> In 2019 the state had more than fifty distilleries for bourbon production.<a href="#cite_note-135">[131]</a> Kentucky exports reached a record $22.1 billion in 2012, with products and services going to 199 countries.<a href="#cite_note-136">[132]</a> According to the Kentucky Cabinet for Economic Development, the primary state agency in Kentucky responsible for creating new jobs and new investment in the state, new business investment in Kentucky in 2012 totaled nearly $2.7 billion, with the creation of more than 14,000 new jobs. One such investment was L'Oréal in Northern Kentucky, which added 200 jobs on top of the 280 already in existing facilities in Florence and Walton.<a href="#cite_note-137">[133]</a> <a href="/wiki/Fort_Knox" title="Fort Knox">Fort Knox</a>, a <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a> post best known as the site of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Bullion_Depository" title="United States Bullion Depository">United States Bullion Depository</a>, which is used to house a large portion of the United States official <a href="/wiki/Gold_reserves" class="mw-redirect" title="Gold reserves">gold reserves</a>, is located in Kentucky between Louisville and <a href="/wiki/Elizabethtown,_Kentucky" title="Elizabethtown, Kentucky">Elizabethtown</a>. In May 2010, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Human_Resources_Command" title="United States Army Human Resources Command">Army Human Resource Center of Excellence</a>, the largest office building in the state at nearly 900,000 square feet (84,000 m2) opened at Fort Knox. The complex employs nearly 4,300 soldiers and civilians.<a href="#cite_note-138">[134]</a> Kentucky contains two of the twenty <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._federal_prisons" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. federal prisons">U.S. Federal Penitentiaries</a>: <a href="/wiki/USP_Big_Sandy" class="mw-redirect" title="USP Big Sandy">USP Big Sandy</a> (in the east in <a href="/wiki/Martin_County,_Kentucky" title="Martin County, Kentucky">Martin County</a> near <a href="/wiki/Inez,_Kentucky" title="Inez, Kentucky">Inez</a>) and <a href="/wiki/USP_McCreary" class="mw-redirect" title="USP McCreary">USP McCreary</a> (in the south in <a href="/wiki/McCreary_County,_Kentucky" title="McCreary County, Kentucky">McCreary County</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Boone_National_Forest" title="Daniel Boone National Forest">Daniel Boone National Forest</a>). The total gross state product for 2020 was $213 billion.<a href="#cite_note-139">[135]</a> Its per capita income was $25,888 in 2017.<a href="#cite_note-140">[136]</a> An organization called the <a href="/wiki/Institute_for_Truth_in_Accounting" class="mw-redirect" title="Institute for Truth in Accounting">Institute for Truth in Accounting</a> estimated that the state government's debts exceeded its available assets by $26,300 per taxpayer as of 2011<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit">[update]</a>, ranking the state as having the 5th highest such debt burden in the nation.<a href="#cite_note-The_Institute_for_Truth_in_Accounting-141">[137]</a> As of March 2024, the state's unemployment rate is 4.5%.<a href="#cite_note-142">[138]</a> In 2014 Kentucky was the most affordable U.S. state in which to live.<a href="#cite_note-143">[139]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers">needs update</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Taxation">Taxation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Taxation">edit</a>]</div> Tax is collected by the Kentucky Department of Revenue.<a href="#cite_note-144">[140]</a> Kentucky has a flat 4% individual <a href="/wiki/Income_tax" title="Income tax">income tax</a> rate. The sales tax rate in Kentucky is 6%.<a href="#cite_note-145">[141]</a> Kentucky has a broadly based classified <a href="/wiki/Property_tax" title="Property tax">property tax</a> system. All classes of property, unless exempted by the Constitution, are taxed by the state, although at widely varying rates.<a href="#cite_note-146">[142]</a> Many of these classes are exempted from taxation by local government. Of the classes that are subject to local taxation, three have special rates set by the <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_General_Assembly" title="Kentucky General Assembly">General Assembly</a>, one by the <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Supreme_Court" title="Kentucky Supreme Court">Kentucky Supreme Court</a> and the remaining classes are subject to the full local rate, which includes the tax rate set by the local taxing bodies plus all voted levies. Real property is assessed on 100% of the fair market value and property taxes are due by December 31. Once the primary source of state and local government revenue, property taxes now account for only about 6% of the Kentucky's annual General Fund revenues.<a href="#cite_note-147">[143]</a> Until January 1, 2006, Kentucky imposed a tax on intangible personal property held by a taxpayer on January 1 of each year. The Kentucky intangible tax was repealed under House Bill 272.<a href="#cite_note-148">[144]</a> Intangible property consisted of any property or investment that represents evidence of value or the right to value. Some types of intangible property included: bonds, notes, retail <a href="/wiki/Repurchase_agreement" title="Repurchase agreement">repurchase agreements</a>, accounts receivable, trusts, enforceable contracts sale of real estate (land contracts), money in hand, money in <a href="/wiki/Safe_deposit_box" title="Safe deposit box">safe deposit boxes</a>, annuities, interests in estates, loans to stockholders, and commercial paper. In 2023, Kentucky launched a regulated local and online sports betting industry. Taxing sportsbooks at 9.75% (in person) and 14.25% (online), the first two months of action saw the state collect $7.94 million.<a href="#cite_note-149">[145]</a><a href="#cite_note-150">[146]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tourism">Tourism</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Tourism">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Bourbon_Trail" title="Kentucky Bourbon Trail">Kentucky Bourbon Trail</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ark_Encounter_006.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Ark_Encounter_006.jpg/220px-Ark_Encounter_006.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Ark_Encounter_006.jpg/330px-Ark_Encounter_006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Ark_Encounter_006.jpg/440px-Ark_Encounter_006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Ark_Encounter" title="Ark Encounter">Ark Encounter</a> in <a href="/wiki/Williamstown,_KY" class="mw-redirect" title="Williamstown, KY">Williamstown, KY</a></figcaption></figure> Tourism has become an increasingly important part of the Kentucky economy. In 2019 tourism grew to $7.6 billion in economic impact. Key attractions include <a href="/wiki/Horse_racing" title="Horse racing">horse racing</a> with events like <a href="/wiki/The_Kentucky_Derby" class="mw-redirect" title="The Kentucky Derby">the Kentucky Derby</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Keeneland" title="Keeneland">Keeneland</a> Fall and Spring Meets, <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Bourbon_Trail" title="Kentucky Bourbon Trail">bourbon</a> distillery tours, including along the <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Bourbon_Trail" title="Kentucky Bourbon Trail">Kentucky Bourbon Trail</a> and Louisville Urban Bourbon Trail,<a href="#cite_note-151">[147]</a> and natural attractions such as the state's many lakes and parks to include <a href="/wiki/Mammoth_Cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Mammoth Cave">Mammoth Cave</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lake_Cumberland_State_Resort_Park" title="Lake Cumberland State Resort Park">Lake Cumberland</a> and <a href="/wiki/Red_River_Gorge" title="Red River Gorge">Red River Gorge</a>.<a href="#cite_note-152">[148]</a> The state also has several religious destinations such as the <a href="/wiki/Creation_Museum" title="Creation Museum">Creation Museum</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ark_Encounter" title="Ark Encounter">Ark Encounter</a> of <a href="/wiki/Answers_in_Genesis" title="Answers in Genesis">Answers in Genesis</a>.<a href="#cite_note-153">[149]</a><a href="#cite_note-154">[150]</a> In December 2002, the Kentucky governor <a href="/wiki/Paul_E._Patton" title="Paul E. Patton">Paul E. Patton</a> unveiled the state slogan "It's that friendly",<a href="#cite_note-nbcnews.com-155">[151]</a> in the hope of drawing more people into the state based on the idea of <a href="/wiki/Southern_hospitality" title="Southern hospitality">southern hospitality</a>. Though it was meant to embrace southern values, many Kentuckians rejected the slogan as cheesy and generic.<a href="#cite_note-nbcnews.com-155">[151]</a> It was seen that the slogan did not encourage tourism as much as initially hoped for. In 2004, then Governor <a href="/wiki/Ernie_Fletcher" title="Ernie Fletcher">Ernie Fletcher</a> launched a comprehensive <a href="/wiki/Brand" title="Brand">branding</a> campaign with the hope of making the state's $12–14 million advertising budget more effective.<a href="#cite_note-156">[152]</a> The resulting "Unbridled Spirit" brand was the result of a $500,000 contract with New West, a Kentucky-based public relations advertising and marketing firm, to develop a viable brand and tag line.<a href="#cite_note-157">[153]</a> The Fletcher administration aggressively marketed the brand in both the public and private sectors. Since that time, the "Welcome to Kentucky" signs at border areas have an "Unbridled Spirit" symbol on them. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Horse_industry">Horse industry</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Horse industry">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Horse_racing_in_the_United_States" title="Horse racing in the United States">Horse racing in the United States</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KL_Spring_Running.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/KL_Spring_Running.jpg/220px-KL_Spring_Running.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/KL_Spring_Running.jpg/330px-KL_Spring_Running.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/KL_Spring_Running.jpg/440px-KL_Spring_Running.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Spring running of <a href="/wiki/Keeneland" title="Keeneland">Keeneland</a> in Lexington</figcaption></figure> Horse Racing has long been associated with Kentucky. <a href="/wiki/Churchill_Downs" title="Churchill Downs">Churchill Downs</a>, the home of the Derby, is a large venue with a capacity exceeding 165,000.<a href="#cite_note-158">[154]</a> The track hosts multiple events throughout the year and is a significant draw to the city of Louisville. <a href="/wiki/Keeneland_Race_Course" class="mw-redirect" title="Keeneland Race Course">Keeneland Race Course</a>, in Lexington, hosts two major meets, the Spring and Fall running. Beyond hosting races Keeneland also hosts a significant horse auction drawing buyers from around the world. In 2019 $360 million was spent on the September Yearling sale.<a href="#cite_note-159">[155]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Horse_Park" title="Kentucky Horse Park">Kentucky Horse Park</a> in <a href="/wiki/Georgetown,_Kentucky" title="Georgetown, Kentucky">Georgetown</a> hosts multiple events throughout the year, including international equestrian competitions and also offers horseback riding from April to October.<a href="#cite_note-160">[156]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Education">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Kentucky" title="Education in Kentucky">Education in Kentucky</a> and <a href="/wiki/History_of_education_in_Kentucky" title="History of education in Kentucky">History of education in Kentucky</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Education_Reform_in_Kentucky" title="Education Reform in Kentucky">Education Reform in Kentucky</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_colleges_and_universities_in_Kentucky" title="List of colleges and universities in Kentucky">List of colleges and universities in Kentucky</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_high_schools_in_Kentucky" title="List of high schools in Kentucky">List of high schools in Kentucky</a>, and <a href="/wiki/List_of_school_districts_in_Kentucky" title="List of school districts in Kentucky">List of school districts in Kentucky</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:William_T._Young_Library.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/William_T._Young_Library.jpg/220px-William_T._Young_Library.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/William_T._Young_Library.jpg/330px-William_T._Young_Library.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/William_T._Young_Library.jpg/440px-William_T._Young_Library.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2912" data-file-height="2184" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/William_T._Young_Library" title="William T. Young Library">William T. Young Library</a> at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Kentucky" title="University of Kentucky">University of Kentucky</a>, Kentucky's <a href="/wiki/Flagship_university" class="mw-redirect" title="Flagship university">flagship</a> university.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Speed_Engineering_School,_Louisville,_Kentucky_(1067).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Speed_Engineering_School%2C_Louisville%2C_Kentucky_%281067%29.jpg/220px-Speed_Engineering_School%2C_Louisville%2C_Kentucky_%281067%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Speed_Engineering_School%2C_Louisville%2C_Kentucky_%281067%29.jpg/330px-Speed_Engineering_School%2C_Louisville%2C_Kentucky_%281067%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Speed_Engineering_School%2C_Louisville%2C_Kentucky_%281067%29.jpg/440px-Speed_Engineering_School%2C_Louisville%2C_Kentucky_%281067%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="611" data-file-height="449" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/J._B._Speed_School_of_Engineering" title="J. B. Speed School of Engineering">J.B. Speed School of Engineering</a> at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Louisville" title="University of Louisville">University of Louisville</a>, Kentucky's urban research university.</figcaption></figure> Kentucky maintains eight public four-year universities. There are two general tiers: major research institutions (the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Kentucky" title="University of Kentucky">University of Kentucky</a> and the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Louisville" title="University of Louisville">University of Louisville</a>) and regional universities, which encompass the remaining six schools. The regional schools have specific target counties that many of their programs are targeted towards (such as Forestry at <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Kentucky_University" title="Eastern Kentucky University">Eastern Kentucky University</a> or Cave Management at <a href="/wiki/Western_Kentucky_University" title="Western Kentucky University">Western Kentucky University</a>), however, most of their curriculum varies little from any other public university. The University of Kentucky (UK) and the University of Louisville (UofL) have the highest academic rankings and admissions standards although the regional schools are not without their national recognized departments – examples being Western Kentucky University's nationally ranked Journalism Department or <a href="/wiki/Morehead_State_University" title="Morehead State University">Morehead State University</a> offering one of the nation's only Space Science degrees. UK is the flagship and land grant of the system and has agriculture extension services in every county. The two research schools split duties related to the medical field, UK handles all medical outreach programs in the eastern half of the state while UofL does all medical outreach in the state's western half. The state's sixteen public two-year colleges have been governed by the <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Community_and_Technical_College_System" title="Kentucky Community and Technical College System">Kentucky Community and Technical College System</a> since the passage of the Postsecondary Education Improvement Act of 1997, commonly referred to as House Bill 1.<a href="#cite_note-161">[157]</a> Before the passage of House Bill 1, most of these colleges were under the control of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Kentucky" title="University of Kentucky">University of Kentucky</a>. <a href="/wiki/Transylvania_University" title="Transylvania University">Transylvania University</a>, a liberal arts university located in Lexington, was founded in 1780 as the oldest university west of the <a href="/wiki/Allegheny_Mountains" title="Allegheny Mountains">Allegheny Mountains</a>. <a href="/wiki/Berea_College" title="Berea College">Berea College</a>, located at the extreme southern edge of the Bluegrass below the Cumberland Plateau, was the first coeducational college in the <a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">South</a> to admit both Black and white students, doing so from its very establishment in 1855.<a href="#cite_note-162">[158]</a> A state law in 1904 ended integration, and the law was upheld by the United States Supreme Court in the case of <a href="/wiki/Berea_College_v._Kentucky" title="Berea College v. Kentucky">Berea College v. Kentucky</a> in 1908.The state law was repealed in 1950 and Berea resumed integration.<a href="#cite_note-163">[159]</a> There are 173 school districts and 1,233 public schools in Kentucky.<a href="#cite_note-164">[160]</a> For the 2010 to 2011 school year, there were approximately 647,827 students enrolled in public school.<a href="#cite_note-165">[161]</a> Kentucky has been the site of much educational reform over the past two decades. In 1989 the <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Supreme_Court" title="Kentucky Supreme Court">Kentucky Supreme Court</a> ruled the state's education system was unconstitutional.<a href="#cite_note-166">[162]</a> The response of the <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_General_Assembly" title="Kentucky General Assembly">General Assembly</a> was passage of the <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Education_Reform_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Kentucky Education Reform Act">Kentucky Education Reform Act</a> (KERA) the following year. Years later, Kentucky has shown progress, but most agree that further reform is needed.<a href="#cite_note-167">[163]</a> The <a href="/wiki/2018_West_Virginia_teachers%27_strike" title="2018 West Virginia teachers' strike">West Virginia</a> teachers' strike in 2018 inspired <a href="/wiki/2018%E2%80%9319_education_workers%27_strikes_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="2018–19 education workers' strikes in the United States">teachers in other states</a>, including Kentucky, to take similar action.<a href="#cite_note-168">[164]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Transportation">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_Kentucky" title="Transportation in Kentucky">Transportation in Kentucky</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kentucky_Route_80_in_Pulaski_County.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Kentucky_Route_80_in_Pulaski_County.jpg/220px-Kentucky_Route_80_in_Pulaski_County.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Kentucky_Route_80_in_Pulaski_County.jpg/330px-Kentucky_Route_80_in_Pulaski_County.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Kentucky_Route_80_in_Pulaski_County.jpg/440px-Kentucky_Route_80_in_Pulaski_County.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="455" /></a><figcaption>At 484 miles (779 km) long, <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Route_80" title="Kentucky Route 80">Kentucky Route 80</a> is the longest route in Kentucky, pictured here west of <a href="/wiki/Somerset,_Kentucky" title="Somerset, Kentucky">Somerset</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Roads">Roads</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Roads">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Kentucky_State_Highways" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Kentucky State Highways">List of Kentucky State Highways</a></div> Kentucky is served by six major <a href="/wiki/Interstate_Highway_System" title="Interstate Highway System">Interstate highways</a> (<a href="/wiki/Interstate_24_in_Kentucky" class="mw-redirect" title="Interstate 24 in Kentucky">I-24</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interstate_64_in_Kentucky" title="Interstate 64 in Kentucky">I-64</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interstate_65_in_Kentucky" title="Interstate 65 in Kentucky">I-65</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interstate_69_in_Kentucky" title="Interstate 69 in Kentucky">I-69</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interstate_71_in_Kentucky" class="mw-redirect" title="Interstate 71 in Kentucky">I-71</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Interstate_75_in_Kentucky" title="Interstate 75 in Kentucky">I-75</a>), seven <a href="/wiki/Category:Kentucky_parkway_system" title="Category:Kentucky parkway system">parkways</a>, and six bypasses and spurs (<a href="/wiki/Interstate_165_(Kentucky)" title="Interstate 165 (Kentucky)">I-165</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interstate_169_(Kentucky)" title="Interstate 169 (Kentucky)">I-169</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interstate_264_(Kentucky)" title="Interstate 264 (Kentucky)">I-264</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interstate_265" title="Interstate 265">I-265</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interstate_275_(Ohio%E2%80%93Indiana%E2%80%93Kentucky)" title="Interstate 275 (Ohio–Indiana–Kentucky)">I-275</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Interstate_471" title="Interstate 471">I-471</a>). The parkways were originally <a href="/wiki/Toll_road" title="Toll road">toll roads</a>, but on November 22, 2006, Governor <a href="/wiki/Ernie_Fletcher" title="Ernie Fletcher">Ernie Fletcher</a> ended the toll charges on the <a href="/wiki/William_H._Natcher_Parkway" title="William H. Natcher Parkway">William H. Natcher Parkway</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Audubon_Parkway" title="Audubon Parkway">Audubon Parkway</a>, the last two parkways in Kentucky to charge tolls for access.<a href="#cite_note-169">[165]</a> The related <a href="/wiki/Toll_house" class="mw-redirect" title="Toll house">toll booths</a> have been demolished.<a href="#cite_note-170">[166]</a> Ending the tolls some seven months ahead of schedule was generally agreed to have been a positive economic development for transportation in Kentucky. In June 2007, a law went into effect raising the speed limit on rural portions of Kentucky Interstates and parkways from 65 to 70 miles per hour (105 to 113 km/h).<a href="#cite_note-171">[167]</a> Road tunnels include the interstate <a href="/wiki/Cumberland_Gap_Tunnel" title="Cumberland Gap Tunnel">Cumberland Gap Tunnel</a> and the rural <a href="/wiki/Nada_Tunnel" title="Nada Tunnel">Nada Tunnel</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rails">Rails</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Rails">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Kentucky_railroads" title="List of Kentucky railroads">List of Kentucky railroads</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:High_Bridge_in_Kentucky.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/High_Bridge_in_Kentucky.jpg/220px-High_Bridge_in_Kentucky.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/High_Bridge_in_Kentucky.jpg/330px-High_Bridge_in_Kentucky.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/High_Bridge_in_Kentucky.jpg/440px-High_Bridge_in_Kentucky.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="731" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/High_Bridge_of_Kentucky" title="High Bridge of Kentucky">High Bridge</a> over the <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_River" title="Kentucky River">Kentucky River</a> was the tallest rail bridge in the world when it was completed in 1877.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Amtrak" title="Amtrak">Amtrak</a>, the national passenger rail system, provides service to <a href="/wiki/Ashland,_Kentucky" title="Ashland, Kentucky">Ashland</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Shore,_Kentucky" title="South Shore, Kentucky">South Portsmouth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maysville,_Kentucky" title="Maysville, Kentucky">Maysville</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fulton,_Kentucky" title="Fulton, Kentucky">Fulton</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(train)" title="Cardinal (train)">Cardinal</a> (trains 50 and 51) is the line that offers Amtrak service to Ashland, South Shore, Maysville and South Portsmouth. The <a href="/wiki/City_of_New_Orleans_(train)" title="City of New Orleans (train)">City of New Orleans</a> (trains 58 and 59) serve Fulton. The <a href="/wiki/Northern_Kentucky" title="Northern Kentucky">Northern Kentucky</a> area is served by the Cardinal at <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Union_Terminal" title="Cincinnati Union Terminal">Cincinnati Union Terminal</a>. The terminal is just across the <a href="/wiki/Ohio_River" title="Ohio River">Ohio River</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati">Cincinnati</a>. <a href="/wiki/Norfolk_Southern_Railway" title="Norfolk Southern Railway">Norfolk Southern Railway</a> passes through the Central and Southern parts of the Commonwealth, via its Cincinnati, New Orleans, and Texas Pacific (CNO&TP) subsidiary. The line originates in <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati">Cincinnati</a> and terminates 338 miles south in <a href="/wiki/Chattanooga,_Tennessee" title="Chattanooga, Tennessee">Chattanooga, Tennessee</a>. As of 2004<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit">[update]</a>, there were approximately 2,640 miles (4,250 km) of railways in Kentucky, with about 65% of those being operated by <a href="/wiki/CSX_Transportation" title="CSX Transportation">CSX Transportation</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bituminous_coal" title="Bituminous coal">Coal</a> was by far the most common cargo, accounting for 76% of cargo loaded and 61% of cargo delivered.<a href="#cite_note-172">[168]</a> <a href="/wiki/Bardstown,_Kentucky" title="Bardstown, Kentucky">Bardstown</a> features a <a href="/wiki/Tourist_attraction" title="Tourist attraction">tourist attraction</a> known as My Old Kentucky Dinner Train. Run along a 20-mile (30 km) stretch of rail purchased from <a href="/wiki/CSX_Transportation" title="CSX Transportation">CSX</a> in 1987, guests are served a four-course meal as they make a two-and-a-half-hour round-trip between Bardstown and Limestone Springs.<a href="#cite_note-173">[169]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Railway_Museum" title="Kentucky Railway Museum">Kentucky Railway Museum</a> is located in nearby <a href="/wiki/New_Haven,_Kentucky" title="New Haven, Kentucky">New Haven</a>.<a href="#cite_note-174">[170]</a> Other areas in Kentucky are reclaiming old railways in <a href="/wiki/Rail_trail" title="Rail trail">rail trail</a> projects. One such project is Louisville's <a href="/wiki/Big_Four_Bridge" title="Big Four Bridge">Big Four Bridge</a>. When the bridge's Indiana approach ramps opened in 2014, completing the pedestrian connection across the Ohio River, the Big Four Bridge <a href="/wiki/Rail_trail" title="Rail trail">rail trail</a> became the second-longest pedestrian-only bridge in the world.<a href="#cite_note-175">[171]</a> The longest pedestrian-only bridge is also found in Kentucky – the <a href="/wiki/Newport_Southbank_Bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Newport Southbank Bridge">Newport Southbank Bridge</a>, popularly known as the "Purple People Bridge", connecting <a href="/wiki/Newport,_Kentucky" title="Newport, Kentucky">Newport</a> to <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati">Cincinnati, Ohio</a>.<a href="#cite_note-176">[172]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Air">Air</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Air">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_airports_in_Kentucky" title="List of airports in Kentucky">List of airports in Kentucky</a></div> Kentucky's primary airports include <a href="/wiki/Louisville_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Louisville International Airport">Louisville International Airport</a> (Standiford Field (SDF)) of <a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati/Northern_Kentucky_International_Airport" title="Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport">Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport</a> (CVG) of <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati">Cincinnati</a>/<a href="/wiki/Covington,_Kentucky" title="Covington, Kentucky">Covington</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Blue_Grass_Airport" title="Blue Grass Airport">Blue Grass Airport</a> (LEX) in <a href="/wiki/Lexington,_Kentucky" title="Lexington, Kentucky">Lexington</a>. Louisville International Airport is home to <a href="/wiki/United_Parcel_Service" title="United Parcel Service">UPS</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Worldport_(UPS_air_hub)" class="mw-redirect" title="Worldport (UPS air hub)">Worldport</a>, its international air-sorting hub.<a href="#cite_note-177">[173]</a> Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport is the largest airport in the state, and is a focus city for passenger airline <a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines" title="Delta Air Lines">Delta Air Lines</a> and headquarters of its <a href="/wiki/Delta_Private_Jets" title="Delta Private Jets">Delta Private Jets</a>. The airport is one of <a href="/wiki/DHL_Aviation" title="DHL Aviation">DHL Aviation</a>'s three super-hubs, serving destinations throughout the Americas, Europe, Africa, and Asia, making it the 7th busiest airport in the U.S. and 36th in the world based on passenger and cargo operations.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] CVG is also a focus city for <a href="/wiki/Frontier_Airlines" title="Frontier Airlines">Frontier Airlines</a> and is the largest O&D airport and base for <a href="/wiki/Allegiant_Air" title="Allegiant Air">Allegiant Air</a>, along with home to a maintenance for <a href="/wiki/American_Airlines" title="American Airlines">American Airlines</a> subsidiary <a href="/wiki/PSA_Airlines" title="PSA Airlines">PSA Airlines</a> and <a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines" title="Delta Air Lines">Delta Air Lines</a> subsidiary <a href="/wiki/Endeavor_Air" title="Endeavor Air">Endeavor Air</a>. There are also a number of regional airports scattered across the state. On August 27, 2006, Blue Grass Airport was the site of a crash that killed 47 passengers and 2 crew members aboard a <a href="/wiki/Bombardier_CRJ" title="Bombardier CRJ">Bombardier CRJ</a> designated <a href="/wiki/Comair_Flight_191" class="mw-redirect" title="Comair Flight 191">Comair Flight 191</a>, or Delta Air Lines Flight 5191, sometimes mistakenly identified by the press as Comair Flight 5191.<a href="#cite_note-178">[174]</a> The lone survivor was the flight's <a href="/wiki/First_Officer_(civil_aviation)" class="mw-redirect" title="First Officer (civil aviation)">first officer</a>, James Polehinke, who doctors determined to be brain damaged and unable to recall the crash at all.<a href="#cite_note-179">[175]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Barge_hauling_coal,_Louisville_and_Portland_Canal.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Barge_hauling_coal%2C_Louisville_and_Portland_Canal.jpg/220px-Barge_hauling_coal%2C_Louisville_and_Portland_Canal.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Barge_hauling_coal%2C_Louisville_and_Portland_Canal.jpg/330px-Barge_hauling_coal%2C_Louisville_and_Portland_Canal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Barge_hauling_coal%2C_Louisville_and_Portland_Canal.jpg/440px-Barge_hauling_coal%2C_Louisville_and_Portland_Canal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>A barge hauling coal in the <a href="/wiki/Louisville_and_Portland_Canal" title="Louisville and Portland Canal">Louisville and Portland Canal</a>, the only manmade section of the <a href="/wiki/Ohio_River" title="Ohio River">Ohio River</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Water">Water</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Water">edit</a>]</div> As the state is bounded by two of the largest rivers in North America, water transportation has historically played a major role in Kentucky's economy. Louisville was a major port for steamships in the nineteenth century. Today, most barge traffic on Kentucky waterways consists of coal that is shipped from both the Eastern and Western Coalfields, about half of which is used locally to power many power plants located directly off the <a href="/wiki/Ohio_River" title="Ohio River">Ohio River</a>, with the rest being exported to other countries, most notably Japan. Many of the largest ports in the United States are located in or adjacent to Kentucky, including: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Port_of_Huntington-Tristate" class="mw-redirect" title="Port of Huntington-Tristate">Huntington-Tristate</a> (includes <a href="/wiki/Ashland,_Kentucky" title="Ashland, Kentucky">Ashland, Kentucky</a>), largest <a href="/wiki/Inland_port" title="Inland port">inland port</a> and 7th largest overall</li> <li>Cincinnati-Northern Kentucky, 5th largest inland port and 43rd overall</li> <li>Louisville-Southern Indiana, 7th largest inland port and 55th overall</li></ul> As a state, Kentucky ranks 10th overall in port tonnage.<a href="#cite_note-180">[176]</a><a href="#cite_note-181">[177]</a> The only natural obstacle along the entire length of the Ohio River is the <a href="/wiki/Falls_of_the_Ohio" class="mw-redirect" title="Falls of the Ohio">Falls of the Ohio</a>, located just west of <a href="/wiki/Downtown_Louisville" title="Downtown Louisville">Downtown Louisville</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Law_and_government">Law and government</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Law and government">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Kentucky" title="Government of Kentucky">Government of Kentucky</a></div> Kentucky is one of four U.S. states to officially use the term <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_(U.S._state)" title="Commonwealth (U.S. state)">commonwealth</a>. The term was used for Kentucky as it had also been used by Virginia, from which Kentucky was created. The term has no particular significance in its meaning and was chosen to emphasize the distinction from the status of royal colonies as a place governed for the general welfare of the populace.<a href="#cite_note-182">[178]</a> Kentucky was originally styled as the "State of Kentucky" in the act admitting it to the Union and its first constitution.<a href="#cite_note-183">[179]</a> The "Commonwealth" term was used in citizen petitions submitted between 1786 and 1792 for the creation of the state.<a href="#cite_note-184">[180]</a> It was also used in the title of a history of the state that was published in 1834 and was used in various places within that book in references to Virginia and Kentucky.<a href="#cite_note-185">[181]</a> The other three states officially called "commonwealths" are <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a>; the territories of <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a> are also formally commonwealths. Kentucky is one of only five states that elect their state officials in odd-numbered years (the others being <a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a>). Kentucky holds elections for these offices every four years in the years preceding Presidential election years. Thus, Kentucky held gubernatorial elections in 2015, 2019 and 2023. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Executive_branch">Executive branch</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Executive branch">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KY_Governors_Mansion.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/KY_Governors_Mansion.png/280px-KY_Governors_Mansion.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/KY_Governors_Mansion.png/420px-KY_Governors_Mansion.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/KY_Governors_Mansion.png/560px-KY_Governors_Mansion.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="298" /></a><figcaption>The governor's mansion in <a href="/wiki/Frankfort,_Kentucky" title="Frankfort, Kentucky">Frankfort</a></figcaption></figure> The executive branch is headed by the <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Kentucky" title="Governor of Kentucky">governor</a>, who serves as both <a href="/wiki/Head_of_state" title="Head of state">head of state</a> and <a href="/wiki/Head_of_government" title="Head of government">head of government</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Kentucky" title="Lieutenant Governor of Kentucky">lieutenant governor</a> may or may not have executive authority depending on whether the person is a member of the Governor's <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_(government)" title="Cabinet (government)">cabinet</a>. Under the current <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="Kentucky Constitution">Kentucky Constitution</a>, the lieutenant governor assumes the duties of the governor only if the governor is incapacitated. (Before 1992 the lieutenant governor assumed power any time the governor was out of the state.) The governor and lieutenant governor usually run on a single ticket (also per a 1992 constitutional amendment) and are elected to four-year terms. The current governor is <a href="/wiki/Andy_Beshear" title="Andy Beshear">Andy Beshear</a>, and the lieutenant governor is <a href="/wiki/Jacqueline_Coleman" title="Jacqueline Coleman">Jacqueline Coleman</a>. Both are <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democrats</a>.<a href="#cite_note-186">[182]</a><a href="#cite_note-187">[183]</a> The executive branch is organized into the following "cabinets", each headed by a secretary who is also a member of the governor's cabinet:<a href="#cite_note-188">[184]</a> <ul><li>General Government Cabinet</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Transportation_Cabinet" title="Kentucky Transportation Cabinet">Transportation Cabinet</a></li> <li>Cabinet for Economic Development</li> <li>Finance and Administration Cabinet</li> <li>Tourism, Arts, and Heritage Cabinet</li> <li>Education and Workforce Development Cabinet</li> <li>Cabinet for Health and Family Services</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Justice_and_Public_Safety_Cabinet" title="Kentucky Justice and Public Safety Cabinet">Justice and Public Safety Cabinet</a></li> <li>Personnel Cabinet</li> <li>Labor Cabinet</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Energy_and_Environment_Cabinet" title="Kentucky Energy and Environment Cabinet">Energy and Environment Cabinet</a></li> <li>Public Protection Cabinet</li></ul> The cabinet system was introduced in 1972 by Governor <a href="/wiki/Wendell_Ford" title="Wendell Ford">Wendell Ford</a> to consolidate hundreds of government entities that reported directly to the governor's office.<a href="#cite_note-189">[185]</a> Other elected constitutional offices include the <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_of_Kentucky" title="Secretary of State of Kentucky">Secretary of State</a>, <a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_of_Kentucky" title="Attorney General of Kentucky">Attorney General</a>, Auditor of Public Accounts, <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_State_Treasurer" title="Kentucky State Treasurer">State Treasurer</a> and Commissioner of Agriculture. Currently, Republican <a href="/wiki/Michael_Adams_(Kentucky_politician)" title="Michael Adams (Kentucky politician)">Michael G. Adams</a> serves as the Secretary of State. The commonwealth's chief prosecutor, law enforcement officer, and law officer is the Attorney General, currently Republican <a href="/wiki/Russell_Coleman" title="Russell Coleman">Russell Coleman</a>. The Auditor of Public Accounts is Republican <a href="/wiki/Allison_Ball" title="Allison Ball">Allison Ball</a>. Republican <a href="/wiki/Mark_Metcalf_(politician)" title="Mark Metcalf (politician)">Mark Metcalf</a> is the current Treasurer. Republican <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Shell" title="Jonathan Shell">Jonathan Shell</a> is the current <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Commissioner_of_Agriculture" title="Kentucky Commissioner of Agriculture">Commissioner of Agriculture</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legislative_branch">Legislative branch</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Legislative branch">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kentucky_State_Capitol_Building.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Kentucky_State_Capitol_Building.jpg/220px-Kentucky_State_Capitol_Building.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Kentucky_State_Capitol_Building.jpg/330px-Kentucky_State_Capitol_Building.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Kentucky_State_Capitol_Building.jpg/440px-Kentucky_State_Capitol_Building.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4192" data-file-height="2795" /></a><figcaption>The Kentucky State Capitol Building</figcaption></figure> Kentucky's legislative branch consists of a <a href="/wiki/Bicameralism" title="Bicameralism">bicameral</a> body known as the <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_General_Assembly" title="Kentucky General Assembly">Kentucky General Assembly</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Senate" title="Kentucky Senate">Senate</a> is considered the <a href="/wiki/Upper_house" title="Upper house">upper house</a>. It has 38 members and is led by the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Senate" title="President of the Senate">President of the Senate</a>, currently <a href="/wiki/Robert_Stivers" title="Robert Stivers">Robert Stivers</a> (<a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">R</a>). The <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_House_of_Representatives" title="Kentucky House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a> has 100 members, and is led by the Speaker of the House, currently <a href="/wiki/David_Osborne_(politician)" title="David Osborne (politician)">David Osborne</a> of the Republican Party.<a href="#cite_note-190">[186]</a> In 2016, Republicans won control of the House for the first time since 1922. The party currently holds supermajorities in both chambers.<a href="#cite_note-Hoover-191">[187]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Judicial_branch">Judicial branch</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Judicial branch">edit</a>]</div> The judicial branch of Kentucky is called the Kentucky Court of Justice<a href="#cite_note-192">[188]</a> and comprises courts of <a href="/wiki/Limited_jurisdiction" title="Limited jurisdiction">limited jurisdiction</a> called District Courts; courts of general jurisdiction called <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Circuit_Courts" title="Kentucky Circuit Courts">Circuit Courts</a>; specialty courts such as Drug Court<a href="#cite_note-193">[189]</a> and Family Court;<a href="#cite_note-194">[190]</a> an intermediate appellate court, the <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Court_of_Appeals" title="Kentucky Court of Appeals">Kentucky Court of Appeals</a>; and a court of last resort, the <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Supreme_Court" title="Kentucky Supreme Court">Kentucky Supreme Court</a>. The Kentucky Court of Justice is headed by the <a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief Justice">Chief Justice</a> of the Commonwealth. The chief justice is appointed by, and is an elected member of, the Supreme Court of Kentucky. The current chief justice is <a href="/wiki/Laurance_B._VanMeter" title="Laurance B. VanMeter">Laurance VanMeter</a>. Unlike federal judges, who are usually appointed, justices serving on Kentucky state courts are chosen by the state's populace in non-partisan elections. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Federal_representation">Federal representation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Federal representation">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KY-districts-108.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/KY-districts-108.JPG" decoding="async" width="189" height="109" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="189" data-file-height="109" /></a><figcaption>A map showing Kentucky's six <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Congressional_Districts" class="mw-redirect" title="Kentucky Congressional Districts">congressional districts</a></figcaption></figure> Kentucky's two <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. senators</a> are Senate Minority Leader <a href="/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell">Mitch McConnell</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">Rand Paul</a>, both Republicans. The state is divided into six <a href="/wiki/Kentucky%27s_congressional_districts" title="Kentucky's congressional districts">congressional districts</a>, represented by Republicans <a href="/wiki/James_Comer_(politician)" title="James Comer (politician)">James Comer</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kentucky%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Kentucky's 1st congressional district">1st</a>), <a href="/wiki/Brett_Guthrie" title="Brett Guthrie">Brett Guthrie</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kentucky%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Kentucky's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a>), <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Massie" title="Thomas Massie">Thomas Massie</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kentucky%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Kentucky's 4th congressional district">4th</a>), <a href="/wiki/Hal_Rogers" title="Hal Rogers">Hal Rogers</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kentucky%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Kentucky's 5th congressional district">5th</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Andy_Barr_(American_politician)" title="Andy Barr (American politician)">Andy Barr</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kentucky%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Kentucky's 6th congressional district">6th</a>) and Democrat <a href="/wiki/Morgan_McGarvey" title="Morgan McGarvey">Morgan McGarvey</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kentucky%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Kentucky's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a>). In the federal judiciary, Kentucky is served by two <a href="/wiki/United_States_district_court" title="United States district court">United States district courts</a>: the <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Kentucky" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Kentucky">Eastern District of Kentucky</a>, with its primary seat in Lexington, and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Kentucky" title="United States District Court for the Western District of Kentucky">Western District of Kentucky</a>, with its primary seat in Louisville. Appeals are heard in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Sixth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit">Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit</a>, based in <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati">Cincinnati</a>, Ohio. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Law">Law</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Law">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kentucky_schild.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Kentucky_schild.jpg/220px-Kentucky_schild.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Kentucky_schild.jpg/330px-Kentucky_schild.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Kentucky_schild.jpg/440px-Kentucky_schild.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1022" data-file-height="700" /></a><figcaption>State sign, <a href="/wiki/Interstate_65" title="Interstate 65">Interstate 65</a></figcaption></figure> Kentucky's body of laws, known as the <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Revised_Statutes" title="Kentucky Revised Statutes">Kentucky Revised Statutes</a> (KRS), were enacted in 1942 to better organize and clarify the whole of Kentucky law.<a href="#cite_note-195">[191]</a> The statutes are enforced by local <a href="/wiki/Police" title="Police">police</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sheriffs_in_the_United_States" title="Sheriffs in the United States">sheriffs</a> and deputy sheriffs, and <a href="/wiki/Constable" title="Constable">constables</a> and deputy constables. Unless they have completed a <a href="/wiki/Police_academy" title="Police academy">police academy</a> elsewhere, these officers are required to complete Police Officer Professional Standards (POPS) training at the Kentucky Department of Criminal Justice Training Center on the campus of <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Kentucky_University" title="Eastern Kentucky University">Eastern Kentucky University</a> in <a href="/wiki/Richmond,_Kentucky" title="Richmond, Kentucky">Richmond</a>.<a href="#cite_note-196">[192]</a> Additionally, in 1948, the <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_General_Assembly" title="Kentucky General Assembly">Kentucky General Assembly</a> established the <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_State_Police" title="Kentucky State Police">Kentucky State Police</a>, making it the 38th state to create a force whose jurisdiction extends throughout the given state.<a href="#cite_note-197">[193]</a> Kentucky is one of the <a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States" title="Capital punishment in the United States">32 states in the United States</a> that sanctions the <a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment" title="Capital punishment">death penalty</a> for certain murders defined as heinous. Those convicted of capital crimes after March 31, 1998, are always executed by <a href="/wiki/Lethal_injection" title="Lethal injection">lethal injection</a>; those convicted on or before this date may opt for the <a href="/wiki/Electric_chair" title="Electric chair">electric chair</a>.<a href="#cite_note-198">[194]</a> Only <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Kentucky" title="List of people executed in Kentucky">three people</a> have been executed in Kentucky since the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">U.S. Supreme Court</a> re-instituted the practice in 1976. The most notable execution in Kentucky was that of <a href="/wiki/Rainey_Bethea" title="Rainey Bethea">Rainey Bethea</a> on August 14, 1936. Bethea was publicly hanged in <a href="/wiki/Owensboro,_Kentucky" title="Owensboro, Kentucky">Owensboro</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Rape" title="Rape">rape</a> and murder of Lischia Edwards.<a href="#cite_note-199">[195]</a> Irregularities with the execution led to this becoming the last public execution in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-200">[196]</a> Kentucky has been on the front lines of the debate over displaying the <a href="/wiki/Ten_Commandments" title="Ten Commandments">Ten Commandments</a> on public property. In the 2005 case of <a href="/wiki/McCreary_County_v._ACLU_of_Kentucky" class="mw-redirect" title="McCreary County v. ACLU of Kentucky">McCreary County v. ACLU of Kentucky</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">U.S. Supreme Court</a> upheld the decision of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Sixth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit">Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals</a> that a display of the <a href="/wiki/Ten_Commandments" title="Ten Commandments">Ten Commandments</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Whitley_City,_Kentucky" title="Whitley City, Kentucky">Whitley City</a> courthouse of <a href="/wiki/McCreary_County,_Kentucky" title="McCreary County, Kentucky">McCreary County</a> was unconstitutional.<a href="#cite_note-201">[197]</a> Later that year, Judge <a href="/wiki/Richard_Fred_Suhrheinrich" title="Richard Fred Suhrheinrich">Richard Fred Suhrheinrich</a>, writing for the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Sixth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit">Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals</a> in the case of <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_Liberties_Union" title="American Civil Liberties Union">ACLU</a> of Kentucky v. <a href="/wiki/Mercer_County,_Kentucky" title="Mercer County, Kentucky">Mercer County</a>, wrote that a display including the <a href="/wiki/Mayflower_Compact" title="Mayflower Compact">Mayflower Compact</a>, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Declaration_of_Independence" title="United States Declaration of Independence">Declaration of Independence</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Ten_Commandments" title="Ten Commandments">Ten Commandments</a>, <a href="/wiki/Magna_Carta" title="Magna Carta">Magna Carta</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Star-Spangled_Banner" title="The Star-Spangled Banner">The Star-Spangled Banner</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/In_God_We_Trust" title="In God We Trust">national motto</a> could be erected in the <a href="/wiki/Mercer_County,_Kentucky" title="Mercer County, Kentucky">Mercer County</a> courthouse.<a href="#cite_note-202">[198]</a> Kentucky has been known to have unusually high political candidacy age laws, especially compared to surrounding states. The origin of this is unknown. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Politics">Politics</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Politics">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Political_party_strength_in_Kentucky" title="Political party strength in Kentucky">Political party strength in Kentucky</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:United_States_presidential_election_in_Kentucky,_2016.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/United_States_presidential_election_in_Kentucky%2C_2016.svg/290px-United_States_presidential_election_in_Kentucky%2C_2016.svg.png" decoding="async" width="290" height="320" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/United_States_presidential_election_in_Kentucky%2C_2016.svg/435px-United_States_presidential_election_in_Kentucky%2C_2016.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/United_States_presidential_election_in_Kentucky%2C_2016.svg/580px-United_States_presidential_election_in_Kentucky%2C_2016.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2904" data-file-height="3201" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Treemap" class="mw-redirect" title="Treemap">Treemap</a> of the popular vote by county, 2016 presidential election</figcaption></figure> Since the late 1990s, Kentucky has supported <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> candidates for most federal political offices, and, more recently, for state-level office as well. The state leaned toward the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a> from 1860 through the 1990s, and was considered a <a href="/wiki/Swing_state" title="Swing state">swing state</a> at the presidential level for most of the latter half of the 20th century. The southeastern region of the state aligned with the <a href="/wiki/Union_(American_Civil_War)" title="Union (American Civil War)">Union</a> during the war and has consistently supported Republican candidates. The central and western portions of the state were heavily Democratic in the years leading to the Civil War, were pro-secessionist and pro-Confederate during the Civil War, and in the decades following the war. Kentucky was part of the Democratic <a href="/wiki/Solid_South" title="Solid South">Solid South</a> in the second half of the nineteenth century and through the majority of the twentieth century. Mirroring a broader national reversal of party composition, the Kentucky Democratic Party of the twenty-first century primarily consists of liberal whites, African Americans, and other minorities. Although most of the state's voters have reliably elected Republican candidates for federal office since the late 1990s, Democrats held an advantage in party registration until 2022. On July 15, 2022, the <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_of_Kentucky" title="Secretary of State of Kentucky">Kentucky Secretary of State</a>'s office announced that for the first time in its history, the commonwealth had more registered <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republicans</a> than registered Democrats, with 45.19% of the state's voters registered as Republicans, 45.12% registered as Democrats, and 9.69% registered with <a href="/wiki/Third_party_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Third party (United States)">another political party</a> or as independents.<a href="#cite_note-kypartyreg-203">[199]</a> From 1964 through 2004, Kentucky voted for the eventual winner of the election for President of the United States; however, in the <a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="2008 United States presidential election">2008 election</a> the state lost its <a href="/wiki/Bellwether" title="Bellwether">bellwether</a> status. Republican <a href="/wiki/John_McCain" title="John McCain">John McCain</a> won Kentucky, but he lost the national popular and electoral vote to Democrat <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> (McCain carried Kentucky 57% to 41%). 116 of Kentucky's 120 counties supported former <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> Governor <a href="/wiki/Mitt_Romney" title="Mitt Romney">Mitt Romney</a> in the 2012 election while he lost to Barack Obama nationwide.<a href="#cite_note-204">[200]</a><a href="#cite_note-205">[201]</a> Voters in the Commonwealth have supported the previous three Democratic candidates elected to the White House in the late 20th century, all from Southern states: <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a> (<a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>) in 1964, <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> (<a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a>) in 1976, and <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a>) in 1992 and 1996. In the twenty-first century presidential elections, the state has become a Republican stronghold, supporting that party's presidential candidates by double-digit margins from 2000 through 2020. At the same time, voters have continued to elect Democratic candidates to state and local offices in many jurisdictions. <a href="/wiki/Elliott_County,_Kentucky" title="Elliott County, Kentucky">Elliott County, Kentucky</a> is notable for having held the longest streak of any county in the United States voting Democratic. Founded in 1869, Elliott County supported the Democratic nominee in every presidential election from <a href="/wiki/1872_United_States_presidential_election_in_Kentucky" title="1872 United States presidential election in Kentucky">1872</a> (the first in which it participated) until <a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_presidential_election_in_Kentucky" title="2012 United States presidential election in Kentucky">2012</a>. In <a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election_in_Kentucky" title="2016 United States presidential election in Kentucky">2016</a>, <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> became the first Republican to ever carry the county, and he did so in a 44-point landslide, highlighting the modern Republican Party's dominance among rural whites and many ancestrally Democratic, socially-conservative voters. Kentucky is one of the most <a href="/wiki/Anti-abortion" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-abortion">anti-abortion</a> states in the United States. A 2014 poll conducted by <a href="/wiki/Pew_Research_Center" title="Pew Research Center">Pew Research Center</a> found that 57% of Kentucky's population thought that <a href="/wiki/Abortion" title="Abortion">abortion</a> should be illegal in all/most cases, while only 36% thought that abortion should be legal in all/most cases.<a href="#cite_note-206">[202]</a> In a 2020 study, Kentucky was ranked as the 8th hardest state for citizens to vote in.<a href="#cite_note-207">[203]</a> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="6">Voter registration and party enrollment as of October 2024<a href="#cite_note-KYSBE-208">[204]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Party </th> <th>Number of voters </th> <th>Percentage </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#E81B23; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1,659,088 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">46.76% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#3333FF; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">1,508,617 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">42.52% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FED105; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td>Other </td> <td style="text-align:center;">213,506 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">6.02% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td>Independent </td> <td style="text-align:center;">166,925 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">4.70% </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Total </th> <th style="text-align:center;">3,548,136 </th> <th style="text-align:center;">100.00% </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Culture">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Kentucky" title="Culture of Kentucky">Culture of Kentucky</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Theater_in_Kentucky" class="mw-redirect" title="Theater in Kentucky">Theater in Kentucky</a>; <a href="/wiki/Performing_arts_in_Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Performing arts in Louisville, Kentucky">Performing arts in Louisville, Kentucky</a>; and <a href="/wiki/List_of_attractions_and_events_in_the_Louisville_metropolitan_area" title="List of attractions and events in the Louisville metropolitan area">List of attractions and events in the Louisville metropolitan area</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Buffalo_trace_distillery.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Buffalo_trace_distillery.jpg/170px-Buffalo_trace_distillery.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="254" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Buffalo_trace_distillery.jpg/255px-Buffalo_trace_distillery.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Buffalo_trace_distillery.jpg/340px-Buffalo_trace_distillery.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="2240" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Buffalo_Trace_Distillery" title="Buffalo Trace Distillery">Buffalo Trace Distillery</a></figcaption></figure> Kentucky culture is firmly <a href="/wiki/Southern_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern culture">Southern</a>, and influenced by that of <a href="/wiki/Appalachia" title="Appalachia">Appalachia</a>. The state is known for <a href="/wiki/Bourbon_whiskey" title="Bourbon whiskey">bourbon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Whiskey" class="mw-redirect" title="Whiskey">whiskey</a> distilling, <a href="/wiki/Tobacco" title="Tobacco">tobacco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Horse_racing" title="Horse racing">horse racing</a>, and <a href="/wiki/College_basketball" title="College basketball">college basketball</a>. Kentucky is more similar to the <a href="/wiki/Upland_South" title="Upland South">Upland South</a> in terms of ancestry that is predominantly American.<a href="#cite_note-209">[205]</a> Nevertheless, during the 19th century, Kentucky did receive a substantial number of German immigrants, who settled mostly in the Midwest and parts of the Upper South, along the Ohio River primarily in Louisville, Covington and Newport.<a href="#cite_note-210">[206]</a> Only Maryland, Delaware and West Virginia have higher German ancestry percentages than Kentucky among Census-defined Southern states, although Kentucky's percentage is closer to Arkansas and Virginia's than the previously named state's percentages. <a href="/wiki/Scottish_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish American">Scottish Americans</a>, <a href="/wiki/English_American" class="mw-redirect" title="English American">English Americans</a> and <a href="/wiki/Scotch-Irish_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Scotch-Irish American">Scotch-Irish Americans</a> have heavily influenced Kentucky culture, and are present in every part of the state.<a href="#cite_note-211">[207]</a> As of the 1980s the only counties in the United States where more than half the population cited "English" as their only ancestry group were all in the hills of eastern Kentucky (and made up virtually every county in this region).<a href="#cite_note-Eugene_James_Turner_1988-123">[119]</a> Kentucky was a <a href="/wiki/Slave_state" class="mw-redirect" title="Slave state">slave state</a>, and Black people once composed over one-quarter of its population; however, it lacked the <a href="/wiki/Cotton" title="Cotton">cotton</a> plantation system though it did support significant and large scale tobacco <a href="/wiki/Plantations_in_the_American_South" class="mw-redirect" title="Plantations in the American South">plantation</a> systems in the western and central parts of the state more similar to the plantations developed in Virginia and North Carolina than those in the Deep South, and never had the same high percentage of African Americans as most other slave states. While less than 8% of the total population is Black, Kentucky has a relatively significant rural African American population in the Central and Western areas of the state.<a href="#cite_note-212">[208]</a><a href="#cite_note-213">[209]</a><a href="#cite_note-214">[210]</a> Kentucky adopted the <a href="/wiki/Jim_Crow_laws" title="Jim Crow laws">Jim Crow</a> system of <a href="/wiki/Racial_segregation" title="Racial segregation">racial segregation</a> in most public spheres after the Civil War. Louisville's 1914 ordinance for residential racial segregation was <a href="/wiki/Buchanan_v._Warley" title="Buchanan v. Warley">struck down by the Supreme Court in 1917</a>. However, in 1908 Kentucky enacted the <a href="/wiki/Day_Law" title="Day Law">Day Law</a>, "An Act to Prohibit White and Colored Persons from Attending the Same School", which Berea College <a href="/wiki/Berea_College_v._Kentucky" title="Berea College v. Kentucky">unsuccessfully challenged at the US Supreme Court in 1908</a>. In 1948, <a href="/wiki/Lyman_T._Johnson" title="Lyman T. Johnson">Lyman T. Johnson</a> filed suit for admission to the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Kentucky" title="University of Kentucky">University of Kentucky</a>; as a result, nearly thirty African American students entered UK graduate and professional programs in the summer of 1949.<a href="#cite_note-215">[211]</a> Kentucky integrated its schools after the 1954 <a href="/wiki/Brown_v._Board_of_Education" title="Brown v. Board of Education">Brown v. Board of Education</a> verdict, later adopting the first state civil rights act in the South in 1966.<a href="#cite_note-216">[212]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Werne%27s_Row_4th_and_Hill,_Old_Louisville.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Werne%27s_Row_4th_and_Hill%2C_Old_Louisville.jpg/240px-Werne%27s_Row_4th_and_Hill%2C_Old_Louisville.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Werne%27s_Row_4th_and_Hill%2C_Old_Louisville.jpg/360px-Werne%27s_Row_4th_and_Hill%2C_Old_Louisville.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Werne%27s_Row_4th_and_Hill%2C_Old_Louisville.jpg/480px-Werne%27s_Row_4th_and_Hill%2C_Old_Louisville.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1458" data-file-height="1011" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Old_Louisville" title="Old Louisville">Old Louisville</a> is the largest Victorian Historic neighborhood in the United States.</figcaption></figure> Kentucky commemorates <a href="/wiki/Confederate_Memorial_Day" title="Confederate Memorial Day">Confederate Memorial Day</a> but added Juneteenth as a holiday by proclamation of Governor Andy Beshear in 2024. The biggest day in American horse racing, the <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Derby" title="Kentucky Derby">Kentucky Derby</a>, is preceded by the two-week <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Derby_Festival" title="Kentucky Derby Festival">Derby Festival</a><a href="#cite_note-217">[213]</a> in Louisville. The Derby Festival features many events, including Thunder Over Louisville, the Pegasus Parade, the Great Steamboat Race, Fest-a-Ville, the Chow Wagon, BalloonFest, BourbonVille, and many others leading up to the big race. Louisville also plays host to the <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_State_Fair" title="Kentucky State Fair">Kentucky State Fair</a><a href="#cite_note-218">[214]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Shakespeare_Festival" title="Kentucky Shakespeare Festival">Kentucky Shakespeare Festival</a>.<a href="#cite_note-219">[215]</a> <a href="/wiki/Bowling_Green,_Kentucky" title="Bowling Green, Kentucky">Bowling Green</a>, the state's third-largest city and home to the <a href="/wiki/Bowling_Green_Assembly_Plant" title="Bowling Green Assembly Plant">only assembly plant in the world</a> that manufactures the <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_Corvette" title="Chevrolet Corvette">Chevrolet Corvette</a>,<a href="#cite_note-220">[216]</a> opened the <a href="/wiki/National_Corvette_Museum" title="National Corvette Museum">National Corvette Museum</a> in 1994.<a href="#cite_note-221">[217]</a> The fourth-largest city, <a href="/wiki/Owensboro,_Kentucky" title="Owensboro, Kentucky">Owensboro</a>, gives credence to its nickname of "Barbecue Capital of the World" by hosting the annual <a href="/wiki/International_Bar-B-Q_Festival" title="International Bar-B-Q Festival">International Bar-B-Q Festival</a>.<a href="#cite_note-222">[218]</a> <a href="/wiki/Old_Louisville" title="Old Louisville">Old Louisville</a>, the largest <a href="/wiki/Historic_preservation" title="Historic preservation">historic preservation</a> district in the United States featuring <a href="/wiki/Victorian_architecture" title="Victorian architecture">Victorian architecture</a> and the third largest overall,<a href="#cite_note-223">[219]</a> hosts the <a href="/wiki/St._James_Court_Art_Show" title="St. James Court Art Show">St. James Court Art Show</a>, the largest outdoor art show in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-224">[220]</a> The neighborhood was also home to the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Exposition" title="Southern Exposition">Southern Exposition</a> (1883–1887), which featured the first public display of <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Edison" title="Thomas Edison">Thomas Edison</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Light_bulb" class="mw-redirect" title="Light bulb">light bulb</a>,<a href="#cite_note-225">[221]</a> and was the setting of <a href="/wiki/Alice_Hegan_Rice" title="Alice Hegan Rice">Alice Hegan Rice</a>'s novel, <a href="/wiki/Mrs._Wiggs_of_the_Cabbage_Patch" title="Mrs. Wiggs of the Cabbage Patch">Mrs. Wiggs of the Cabbage Patch</a>.<a href="#cite_note-226">[222]</a> <a href="/wiki/Fairview,_Kentucky" title="Fairview, Kentucky">Fairview</a> was the birthplace of <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Davis" title="Jefferson Davis">Jefferson Davis</a>, who would become President of the <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">Confederate States of America</a>; the town had the Jefferson Davis Memorial, a 351-foot concrete obelisk, built in 1917. <a href="/wiki/Hodgenville,_Kentucky" title="Hodgenville, Kentucky">Hodgenville</a>, the birthplace of <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Abraham Lincoln</a>, hosts the annual Lincoln Days Celebration, and also hosted the kick-off for the National Abraham Lincoln Bicentennial Celebration in February 2008. <a href="/wiki/Bardstown,_Kentucky" title="Bardstown, Kentucky">Bardstown</a> celebrates its heritage as a major bourbon-producing region with the <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Bourbon_Festival" title="Kentucky Bourbon Festival">Kentucky Bourbon Festival</a>.<a href="#cite_note-227">[223]</a> <a href="/wiki/Glasgow,_Kentucky" title="Glasgow, Kentucky">Glasgow</a> mimics <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a>, Scotland by hosting the <a href="/wiki/Glasgow_Highland_Games" title="Glasgow Highland Games">Glasgow Highland Games</a>, its own version of the <a href="/wiki/Highland_Games" class="mw-redirect" title="Highland Games">Highland Games</a>,<a href="#cite_note-228">[224]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sturgis,_Kentucky" title="Sturgis, Kentucky">Sturgis</a> hosts "Little Sturgis", a mini version of <a href="/wiki/Sturgis,_South_Dakota" title="Sturgis, South Dakota">Sturgis, South Dakota</a>'s annual <a href="/wiki/Sturgis_Motorcycle_Rally" title="Sturgis Motorcycle Rally">Sturgis Motorcycle Rally</a>.<a href="#cite_note-229">[225]</a> The state is famous for quilts. The <a href="/wiki/National_Quilt_Museum" title="National Quilt Museum">National Quilt Museum</a> is in Paducah. It hosts QuiltWeek, an annual competition and celebration of that attracts artists and hobbyists from the world of quilting.<a href="#cite_note-230">[226]</a> <a href="/wiki/Winchester,_Kentucky" title="Winchester, Kentucky">Winchester</a> celebrates an original Kentucky creation, <a href="/wiki/Beer_cheese_(spread)" title="Beer cheese (spread)">Beer Cheese</a>, with its <a href="/wiki/Beer_Cheese_Festival" title="Beer Cheese Festival">Beer Cheese Festival</a> held annually in June.<a href="#cite_note-231">[227]</a> Beer Cheese was developed in <a href="/wiki/Clark_County,_Kentucky" title="Clark County, Kentucky">Clark County</a> at some point in the 1940s along the Kentucky River.<a href="#cite_note-232">[228]</a> The residents of tiny <a href="/wiki/Benton,_Kentucky" title="Benton, Kentucky">Benton</a> pay tribute to their favorite tuber, the <a href="/wiki/Sweet_potato" title="Sweet potato">sweet potato</a>, by hosting <a href="/wiki/Tater_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Tater Day">Tater Day</a>.<a href="#cite_note-233">[229]</a> Residents of <a href="/wiki/Clarkson,_Kentucky" title="Clarkson, Kentucky">Clarkson</a> in <a href="/wiki/Grayson_County,_Kentucky" title="Grayson County, Kentucky">Grayson County</a> celebrate their city's ties to the honey industry by celebrating the Clarkson Honeyfest.<a href="#cite_note-234">[230]</a> The Clarkson Honeyfest is held the last Thursday, Friday and Saturday in September, and is the "Official State Honey Festival of Kentucky". <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Music">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Music_of_Kentucky" title="Music of Kentucky">Music of Kentucky</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Category:Musicians_from_Kentucky" title="Category:Musicians from Kentucky">Category:Musicians from Kentucky</a></div> <a href="/wiki/Renfro_Valley,_Kentucky" title="Renfro Valley, Kentucky">Renfro Valley, Kentucky</a> is home to Renfro Valley Entertainment Center and the Kentucky Music Hall of Fame and is known as "Kentucky's Country Music Capital", a designation given it by the Kentucky State Legislature in the late 1980s. The Renfro Valley Barn Dance was where Renfro Valley's musical heritage began, in 1939, and influential country music luminaries like <a href="/wiki/Red_Foley" title="Red Foley">Red Foley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Homer_%26_Jethro" class="mw-redirect" title="Homer & Jethro">Homer & Jethro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lily_May_Ledford" title="Lily May Ledford">Lily May Ledford</a> & the Original <a href="/wiki/Coon_Creek_Girls" title="Coon Creek Girls">Coon Creek Girls</a>, Martha Carson and many others have performed as regular members of the shows there over the years. The <a href="/wiki/Renfro_Valley_Gatherin%27" title="Renfro Valley Gatherin'">Renfro Valley Gatherin'</a> is today America's second-oldest continually broadcast radio program of any kind. It is broadcast on local radio station <a href="/wiki/WRVK" title="WRVK">WRVK</a> and a syndicated network of nearly 200 other stations across the United States and Canada every week. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:U.S._23_Country_Music_Highway_Museum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/U.S._23_Country_Music_Highway_Museum.jpg/220px-U.S._23_Country_Music_Highway_Museum.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/U.S._23_Country_Music_Highway_Museum.jpg/330px-U.S._23_Country_Music_Highway_Museum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/U.S._23_Country_Music_Highway_Museum.jpg/440px-U.S._23_Country_Music_Highway_Museum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2432" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/U.S._23_Country_Music_Highway_Museum" title="U.S. 23 Country Music Highway Museum">U.S. 23 Country Music Highway Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Paintsville,_Kentucky" title="Paintsville, Kentucky">Paintsville</a> provides background on the country music artists from Eastern Kentucky.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Christian_music" title="Contemporary Christian music">Contemporary Christian music</a> star <a href="/wiki/Steven_Curtis_Chapman" title="Steven Curtis Chapman">Steven Curtis Chapman</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Paducah,_Kentucky" title="Paducah, Kentucky">Paducah</a> native, and Rock and Roll Hall of Famers <a href="/wiki/The_Everly_Brothers" title="The Everly Brothers">the Everly Brothers</a> are closely connected with <a href="/wiki/Muhlenberg_County,_Kentucky" title="Muhlenberg County, Kentucky">Muhlenberg County</a>, where older brother Don was born. <a href="/wiki/Merle_Travis" title="Merle Travis">Merle Travis</a>, Country and Western artist known for both his signature "<a href="/wiki/Travis_picking" class="mw-redirect" title="Travis picking">Travis picking</a>" guitar playing style, as well as his hit song "<a href="/wiki/Sixteen_Tons" title="Sixteen Tons">Sixteen Tons</a>", was also born in <a href="/wiki/Muhlenberg_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhlenberg County">Muhlenberg County</a>. Kentucky was also home to <a href="/wiki/Mildred_Hill" class="mw-redirect" title="Mildred Hill">Mildred</a> and <a href="/wiki/Patty_Hill" title="Patty Hill">Patty Hill</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville</a> sisters credited with composing the tune to the ditty <a href="/wiki/Happy_Birthday_to_You" title="Happy Birthday to You">Happy Birthday to You</a> in 1893; <a href="/wiki/Loretta_Lynn" title="Loretta Lynn">Loretta Lynn</a> (<a href="/wiki/Johnson_County,_Kentucky" title="Johnson County, Kentucky">Johnson County</a>), <a href="/wiki/Brian_Littrell" title="Brian Littrell">Brian Littrell</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Richardson_(musician)" title="Kevin Richardson (musician)">Kevin Richardson</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Backstreet_Boys" title="Backstreet Boys">Backstreet Boys</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Billy_Ray_Cyrus" title="Billy Ray Cyrus">Billy Ray Cyrus</a> (<a href="/wiki/Flatwoods,_Kentucky" title="Flatwoods, Kentucky">Flatwoods</a>). However, its depth lies in its signature sound – <a href="/wiki/Bluegrass_music" title="Bluegrass music">Bluegrass music</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bill_Monroe" title="Bill Monroe">Bill Monroe</a>, "The Father of Bluegrass", was born in the small <a href="/wiki/Ohio_County,_Kentucky" title="Ohio County, Kentucky">Ohio County</a> town of <a href="/wiki/Rosine,_Kentucky" title="Rosine, Kentucky">Rosine</a>, while <a href="/wiki/Ricky_Skaggs" title="Ricky Skaggs">Ricky Skaggs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Keith_Whitley" title="Keith Whitley">Keith Whitley</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_%22Stringbean%22_Akeman" title="David "Stringbean" Akeman">David "Stringbean" Akeman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grandpa_Jones" title="Grandpa Jones">Louis Marshall "Grandpa" Jones</a>, Sonny and <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Osborne" title="Bobby Osborne">Bobby Osborne</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sam_Bush" title="Sam Bush">Sam Bush</a> (who has been compared to Monroe) all hail from Kentucky. The Bluegrass Music Hall of Fame & Museum is located in <a href="/wiki/Owensboro,_Kentucky" title="Owensboro, Kentucky">Owensboro</a>,<a href="#cite_note-235">[231]</a> while the annual <a href="/wiki/Festival_of_the_Bluegrass" title="Festival of the Bluegrass">Festival of the Bluegrass</a> is held in <a href="/wiki/Lexington,_Kentucky" title="Lexington, Kentucky">Lexington</a>.<a href="#cite_note-236">[232]</a> Kentucky was also home to famed <a href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">jazz</a> musician <a href="/wiki/Lionel_Hampton" title="Lionel Hampton">Lionel Hampton</a>.<a href="#cite_note-237">[233]</a> <a href="/wiki/Blues" title="Blues">Blues</a> legend <a href="/wiki/W._C._Handy" title="W. C. Handy">W. C. Handy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rhythm_and_blues" title="Rhythm and blues">R&B</a> singer <a href="/wiki/Wilson_Pickett" title="Wilson Pickett">Wilson Pickett</a> also spent considerable time in Kentucky. The R&B group <a href="/wiki/Midnight_Star_(band)" title="Midnight Star (band)">Midnight Star</a> and Hip-Hop group <a href="/wiki/Nappy_Roots" title="Nappy Roots">Nappy Roots</a> were both formed in Kentucky, as were country acts <a href="/wiki/The_Kentucky_Headhunters" title="The Kentucky Headhunters">the Kentucky Headhunters</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montgomery_Gentry" title="Montgomery Gentry">Montgomery Gentry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Halfway_to_Hazard" title="Halfway to Hazard">Halfway to Hazard</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Judds" title="The Judds">the Judds</a>, and <a href="/wiki/GMA_Music_Awards" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA Music Awards">Dove Award</a>-winning Christian groups <a href="/wiki/Audio_Adrenaline" title="Audio Adrenaline">Audio Adrenaline</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bride_(band)" title="Bride (band)">Bride</a>. <a href="/wiki/Black_Stone_Cherry" title="Black Stone Cherry">Black Stone Cherry</a> hails from rural Edmonton. <a href="/wiki/Indie_rock" title="Indie rock">Indie rock</a> bands <a href="/wiki/Slint" title="Slint">Slint</a>, <a href="/wiki/My_Morning_Jacket" title="My Morning Jacket">My Morning Jacket</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wax_Fang" title="Wax Fang">Wax Fang</a>, <a href="/wiki/White_Reaper" title="White Reaper">White Reaper</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tantric_(band)" title="Tantric (band)">Tantric</a> formed in Louisville; indie rock bands <a href="/wiki/Cage_the_Elephant" title="Cage the Elephant">Cage the Elephant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sleeper_Agent_(band)" title="Sleeper Agent (band)">Sleeper Agent</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Morning_Teleportation" title="Morning Teleportation">Morning Teleportation</a> are from Bowling Green. The bluegrass groups Driftwood and Kentucky Rain, along with <a href="/wiki/Nick_Lachey" title="Nick Lachey">Nick Lachey</a> of the pop band <a href="/wiki/98_Degrees" title="98 Degrees">98 Degrees</a> are also from Kentucky. <a href="/wiki/King_Crimson" title="King Crimson">King Crimson</a> guitarist <a href="/wiki/Adrian_Belew" title="Adrian Belew">Adrian Belew</a> is from <a href="/wiki/Covington,_Kentucky" title="Covington, Kentucky">Covington</a>. Noted singer and actress <a href="/wiki/Rosemary_Clooney" title="Rosemary Clooney">Rosemary Clooney</a> was a native of <a href="/wiki/Maysville,_Kentucky" title="Maysville, Kentucky">Maysville</a>, her legacy being celebrated at the annual music festival bearing her name. Noted songwriter and actor <a href="/wiki/Will_Oldham" title="Will Oldham">Will Oldham</a> is from Louisville.<a href="#cite_note-238">[234]</a> More recently in the limelight are country artists <a href="/wiki/Chris_Stapleton" title="Chris Stapleton">Chris Stapleton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sturgill_Simpson" title="Sturgill Simpson">Sturgill Simpson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tyler_Childers" title="Tyler Childers">Tyler Childers</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Chris_Knight_(musician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chris Knight (musician)">Chris Knight</a>. In eastern Kentucky, <a href="/wiki/Old-time_music" title="Old-time music">old-time music</a> carries on the tradition of ancient ballads and reels developed in historical Appalachia. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literature">Literature</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Literature">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_literature" title="Kentucky literature">Kentucky literature</a></div> Kentucky has played a major role in Southern and American literature, producing works that often celebrate the working class, rural life, nature, and explore issues of class, extractive economy, and family. Major works from the state include <a href="/wiki/Uncle_Tom%27s_Cabin" title="Uncle Tom's Cabin">Uncle Tom's Cabin</a> (1852) by <a href="/wiki/Harriet_Beecher_Stowe" title="Harriet Beecher Stowe">Harriet Beecher Stowe</a>, widely seen as one of the impetuses for the American Civil War; The Little Shepherd of Kingdom Come (1908) by <a href="/wiki/John_Fox_Jr." title="John Fox Jr.">John Fox Jr.</a>, which was the first novel to sell a million copies in the United States; <a href="/wiki/All_the_King%27s_Men" title="All the King's Men">All the King's Men</a> by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Penn_Warren" title="Robert Penn Warren">Robert Penn Warren</a> (1946), rated as the 36th best <a href="/wiki/Modern_Library_100_Best_Novels" class="mw-redirect" title="Modern Library 100 Best Novels">English-language novel of the 20th century</a>; The Dollmaker (1954) by <a href="/wiki/Harriette_Simpson_Arnow" title="Harriette Simpson Arnow">Harriette Arnow</a>; <a href="/wiki/Night_Comes_to_the_Cumberlands" title="Night Comes to the Cumberlands">Night Comes to the Cumberlands</a> (1962) by <a href="/wiki/Harry_Caudill" class="mw-redirect" title="Harry Caudill">Harry Caudill</a>, which contributed to initiating the U.S. Government's <a href="/wiki/War_on_poverty" title="War on poverty">War on poverty</a>, and others. Author <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Merton" title="Thomas Merton">Thomas Merton</a> lived most of his life and wrote most of his books – including <a href="/wiki/The_Seven_Storey_Mountain" title="The Seven Storey Mountain">The Seven Storey Mountain</a> (1948), ranked on <a href="/wiki/National_Review" title="National Review">National Review</a>'s list of the 100 best non-fiction books of the century – during his time as a monk at the <a href="/wiki/Abbey_of_Our_Lady_of_Gethsemani" title="Abbey of Our Lady of Gethsemani">Abbey of Our Lady of Gethsemani</a> near Bardstown, Kentucky. Author <a href="/wiki/Hunter_S._Thompson" title="Hunter S. Thompson">Hunter S. Thompson</a> is also a native of the state. Since the later part of the 20th century, several writers from Kentucky have published widely read and critically acclaimed books, including: <a href="/wiki/Wendell_Berry" title="Wendell Berry">Wendell Berry</a> (<a href="/wiki/Floruit" title="Floruit">fl.</a> 1960–), <a href="/wiki/Silas_House" title="Silas House">Silas House</a> (fl. 2001–), <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Kingsolver" title="Barbara Kingsolver">Barbara Kingsolver</a> (fl. 1988–), poet <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Manning_(poet)" title="Maurice Manning (poet)">Maurice Manning</a> (fl. 2001–), and <a href="/wiki/Bobbie_Ann_Mason" title="Bobbie Ann Mason">Bobbie Ann Mason</a> (fl. 1988–). Well-known playwrights from Kentucky include <a href="/wiki/Marsha_Norman" title="Marsha Norman">Marsha Norman</a> (works include <a href="/wiki/%27night,_Mother" title="'night, Mother">'night, Mother</a>, 1983), <a href="/wiki/Naomi_Wallace" title="Naomi Wallace">Naomi Wallace</a> (works include <a href="/wiki/One_Flea_Spare" title="One Flea Spare">One Flea Spare</a>, 1995), and <a href="/wiki/George_C._Wolfe" title="George C. Wolfe">George C. Wolfe</a> (works include <a href="/wiki/Jelly%27s_Last_Jam" title="Jelly's Last Jam">Jelly's Last Jam</a>, 1992). <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hot_Brown_Kurtz.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Hot_Brown_Kurtz.jpg/210px-Hot_Brown_Kurtz.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Hot_Brown_Kurtz.jpg/315px-Hot_Brown_Kurtz.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Hot_Brown_Kurtz.jpg/420px-Hot_Brown_Kurtz.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption> The Hot Brown</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cuisine">Cuisine</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Cuisine">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Kentucky" title="Cuisine of Kentucky">Cuisine of Kentucky</a></div> Kentucky's cuisine is generally similar to and is a part of traditional southern cooking, although in some areas of the state it can blend elements of both the South and Appalachia, mixing Appalachian with the native Southern cuisine of the area.<a href="#cite_note-239">[235]</a> One original Kentucky dish is called the <a href="/wiki/Hot_Brown" title="Hot Brown">Hot Brown</a>, a dish normally layered in this order: toasted bread, turkey, bacon, tomatoes and topped with <a href="/wiki/Mornay_sauce" title="Mornay sauce">mornay sauce</a>. It was developed at the <a href="/wiki/Brown_Hotel_(Louisville,_Kentucky)" title="Brown Hotel (Louisville, Kentucky)">Brown Hotel</a> in <a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville</a>.<a href="#cite_note-240">[236]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Pendennis_Club" title="Pendennis Club">Pendennis Club</a> in Louisville is the birthplace of the <a href="/wiki/Old_fashioned_(cocktail)" title="Old fashioned (cocktail)">Old Fashioned</a> cocktail. Also, Western Kentucky is known for its own regional style of Southern barbecue. Central Kentucky is the birthplace of <a href="/wiki/Beer_cheese_(spread)" title="Beer cheese (spread)">Beer Cheese</a>. <a href="/wiki/Colonel_Sanders" title="Colonel Sanders">Harland Sanders</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_colonel" class="mw-redirect" title="Kentucky colonel">Kentucky colonel</a>, originated <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Fried_Chicken" class="mw-redirect" title="Kentucky Fried Chicken">Kentucky Fried Chicken</a> at his service station in <a href="/wiki/North_Corbin,_Kentucky" title="North Corbin, Kentucky">North Corbin</a>, though the first franchised <a href="/wiki/KFC" title="KFC">KFC</a> was located in <a href="/wiki/South_Salt_Lake,_Utah" title="South Salt Lake, Utah">South Salt Lake, Utah</a>.<a href="#cite_note-241">[237]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sports">Sports</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Sports">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Kentucky" title="Sports in Kentucky">Sports in Kentucky</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a>. Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Kentucky" title="Special:EditPage/Kentucky">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (August 2014) (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:University_of_Louisville_marching_band,_Churchill_Downs_Twin_Spires.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/University_of_Louisville_marching_band%2C_Churchill_Downs_Twin_Spires.jpg/220px-University_of_Louisville_marching_band%2C_Churchill_Downs_Twin_Spires.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/University_of_Louisville_marching_band%2C_Churchill_Downs_Twin_Spires.jpg/330px-University_of_Louisville_marching_band%2C_Churchill_Downs_Twin_Spires.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/University_of_Louisville_marching_band%2C_Churchill_Downs_Twin_Spires.jpg/440px-University_of_Louisville_marching_band%2C_Churchill_Downs_Twin_Spires.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Kentucky's <a href="/wiki/Churchill_Downs" title="Churchill Downs">Churchill Downs</a> hosts the <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Derby" title="Kentucky Derby">Kentucky Derby</a>.</figcaption></figure> Kentucky is the home of sports teams such as <a href="/wiki/Minor_League_Baseball" title="Minor League Baseball">Minor League Baseball</a>'s Triple-A <a href="/wiki/Louisville_Bats" title="Louisville Bats">Louisville Bats</a> and High-A <a href="/wiki/Bowling_Green_Hot_Rods" title="Bowling Green Hot Rods">Bowling Green Hot Rods</a>. It is home to the independent <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_League_of_Professional_Baseball" title="Atlantic League of Professional Baseball">Atlantic League of Professional Baseball</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Lexington_Legends" title="Lexington Legends">Lexington Legends</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Frontier_League" title="Frontier League">Frontier League</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Florence_Y%27alls" title="Florence Y'alls">Florence Y'alls</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Lexington_Horsemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Lexington Horsemen">Lexington Horsemen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Louisville_Fire" title="Louisville Fire">Louisville Fire</a> of the now-defunct <a href="/wiki/Af2" class="mw-redirect" title="Af2">af2</a> had been interested in making a move up to the "major league" <a href="/wiki/Arena_Football_League" title="Arena Football League">Arena Football League</a>, but nothing has come of those plans. The <a href="/wiki/Northern_Kentucky" title="Northern Kentucky">northern part of the state</a> lies across the <a href="/wiki/Ohio_River" title="Ohio River">Ohio River</a> from Cincinnati, which is home to the <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Bengals" title="Cincinnati Bengals">Cincinnati Bengals</a>, <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Reds" title="Cincinnati Reds">Cincinnati Reds</a>. It is not uncommon for fans to park in the city of <a href="/wiki/Newport,_Kentucky" title="Newport, Kentucky">Newport</a> and use the <a href="/wiki/Newport_Southbank_Bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Newport Southbank Bridge">Newport Southbank Pedestrian Bridge</a>, locally known as the "Purple People Bridge", to walk to these games in Cincinnati. <a href="/wiki/Georgetown_College_(Kentucky)" class="mw-redirect" title="Georgetown College (Kentucky)">Georgetown College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Georgetown,_Kentucky" title="Georgetown, Kentucky">Georgetown</a> was the location for the Bengals' summer training camp, until it was announced in 2012 that the Bengals would no longer use the facilities.<a href="#cite_note-242">[238]</a> As in many states, especially those without major league professional sports teams, college athletics are prominent. This is especially true of the state's three Division I <a href="/wiki/Football_Bowl_Subdivision" class="mw-redirect" title="Football Bowl Subdivision">Football Bowl Subdivision</a> (FBS) programs, including the <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Wildcats" title="Kentucky Wildcats">Kentucky Wildcats</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Western_Kentucky_Hilltoppers_and_Lady_Toppers" title="Western Kentucky Hilltoppers and Lady Toppers">Western Kentucky Hilltoppers</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Louisville_Cardinals" title="Louisville Cardinals">Louisville Cardinals</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Wildcats_men%27s_basketball" title="Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball">Wildcats</a>, <a href="/wiki/Western_Kentucky_Hilltoppers_basketball" title="Western Kentucky Hilltoppers basketball">Hilltoppers</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Louisville_Cardinals_men%27s_basketball" title="Louisville Cardinals men's basketball">Cardinals</a> are among the most tradition-rich college men's basketball teams in the United States, combining for 11 National Championships and 24 NCAA Final Fours;[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] all three are high on the lists of total all-time wins, wins per season, and average wins per season.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:408px;max-width:408px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Rupp_Arena_February_2020.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Rupp_Arena_February_2020.jpg/200px-Rupp_Arena_February_2020.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Rupp_Arena_February_2020.jpg/300px-Rupp_Arena_February_2020.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Rupp_Arena_February_2020.jpg/400px-Rupp_Arena_February_2020.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:The-Yum-Center.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/The-Yum-Center.jpg/200px-The-Yum-Center.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/The-Yum-Center.jpg/300px-The-Yum-Center.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/The-Yum-Center.jpg/400px-The-Yum-Center.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450" /></a></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/College_Basketball" class="mw-redirect" title="College Basketball">College Basketball</a> enjoys significant popularity in Kentucky, with the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Kentucky" title="University of Kentucky">University of Kentucky</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Rupp_Arena" title="Rupp Arena">Rupp Arena</a> (right), and the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Louisville" title="University of Louisville">University of Louisville</a>'s <a href="/wiki/KFC_Yum!_Center" title="KFC Yum! Center">KFC Yum! Center</a> (left) ranking 2nd and 3rd in capacity among college basketball arenas.<a href="#cite_note-243">[239]</a></div></div></div></div> The Kentucky Wildcats are particularly notable, leading all Division I programs in all-time wins, win percentage, NCAA tournament appearances, and being second only to <a href="/wiki/UCLA_Bruins_men%27s_basketball" title="UCLA Bruins men's basketball">UCLA</a> in NCAA championships.<a href="#cite_note-244">[240]</a> <a href="/wiki/Louisville_Cardinals_football" title="Louisville Cardinals football">Louisville</a> has stepped onto the football scene, including winning the <a href="/wiki/2007_Orange_Bowl" title="2007 Orange Bowl">2007 Orange Bowl</a> as well as the 2013 Sugar Bowl, and producing <a href="/wiki/2016_NCAA_Division_I_FBS_football_season" title="2016 NCAA Division I FBS football season">2016</a> Heisman Trophy winner <a href="/wiki/Lamar_Jackson" title="Lamar Jackson">Lamar Jackson</a>. <a href="/wiki/Western_Kentucky_Hilltoppers_football" title="Western Kentucky Hilltoppers football">Western Kentucky</a>, the 2002 <a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I_Football_Championship" title="NCAA Division I Football Championship">national champion in Division I-AA football</a> (now <a href="/wiki/Football_Championship_Subdivision" class="mw-redirect" title="Football Championship Subdivision">Football Championship Subdivision</a> (FCS)), completed its transition to Division I FBS football in 2009. The <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Derby" title="Kentucky Derby">Kentucky Derby</a> is a horse race held annually in Louisville on the first Saturday in May. The <a href="/wiki/Valhalla_Golf_Club" title="Valhalla Golf Club">Valhalla Golf Club</a> in Louisville has hosted several editions of the <a href="/wiki/PGA_Championship" title="PGA Championship">PGA Championship</a>, <a href="/wiki/Senior_PGA_Championship" title="Senior PGA Championship">Senior PGA Championship</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ryder_Cup" title="Ryder Cup">Ryder Cup</a> since the 1990s. The <a href="/wiki/NASCAR_Cup_Series" title="NASCAR Cup Series">NASCAR Cup Series</a> held a race at the <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Speedway" title="Kentucky Speedway">Kentucky Speedway</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sparta,_Kentucky" title="Sparta, Kentucky">Sparta, Kentucky</a> from 2011 to 2020. The NASCAR <a href="/wiki/Nationwide_Series" class="mw-redirect" title="Nationwide Series">Nationwide Series</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Camping_World_Truck_Series" class="mw-redirect" title="Camping World Truck Series">Camping World Truck Series</a> raced there through 2020. The <a href="/wiki/IndyCar_Series" title="IndyCar Series">IndyCar Series</a> previously raced there as well. <a href="/wiki/Ohio_Valley_Wrestling" title="Ohio Valley Wrestling">Ohio Valley Wrestling</a> in Louisville was the primary location for training and rehab for <a href="/wiki/WWE" title="WWE">WWE</a> professional wrestlers from 2000 until 2008, when WWE moved its contracted talent to Florida Championship Wrestling. OVW later became the primary developmental territory for <a href="/wiki/Total_Nonstop_Action_Wrestling" title="Total Nonstop Action Wrestling">Total Nonstop Action Wrestling</a> (TNA) from 2011 to 2013. In 2014 <a href="/wiki/Louisville_City_FC" title="Louisville City FC">Louisville City FC</a>, a professional soccer team in the league then known as USL Pro and now as the <a href="/wiki/United_Soccer_League" title="United Soccer League">United Soccer League</a>, was announced. The team made its debut in 2015, playing home games at Louisville Slugger Field. In its first season, Louisville City was the official reserve side for <a href="/wiki/Orlando_City_SC" title="Orlando City SC">Orlando City SC</a>, who made its debut in <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Soccer" title="Major League Soccer">Major League Soccer</a> at the same time. That arrangement ended in 2016 when Orlando City established a <a href="/wiki/Orlando_City_B" title="Orlando City B">directly controlled reserve side</a> in the USL. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kentucky_colonel">Kentucky colonel</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Kentucky colonel">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_colonel" class="mw-redirect" title="Kentucky colonel">Kentucky colonel</a></div> The distinction of being named a Kentucky colonel is the highest <a href="/wiki/Title_of_honor" title="Title of honor">title of honor</a> bestowed by the Commonwealth of Kentucky. Commissions for Kentucky colonels are given by the <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Kentucky" title="Governor of Kentucky">Governor</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_of_Kentucky" title="Secretary of State of Kentucky">Secretary of State</a> to individuals in recognition of noteworthy accomplishments and outstanding service to a community, state or the nation. The sitting <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Kentucky" title="Governor of Kentucky">governor of the Commonwealth of Kentucky</a> bestows the honor of a colonel's <a href="/wiki/Commission_(document)" title="Commission (document)">commission</a>, by issuance of <a href="/wiki/Letters_patent" title="Letters patent">letters patent</a>. Kentucky colonels are commissioned for life and act officially as the state's <a href="/wiki/Goodwill_ambassador" title="Goodwill ambassador">goodwill ambassadors</a>.<a href="#cite_note-245">[241]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Flag_of_Kentucky.svg/32px-Flag_of_Kentucky.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Flag_of_Kentucky.svg/48px-Flag_of_Kentucky.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Flag_of_Kentucky.svg/64px-Flag_of_Kentucky.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="950" data-file-height="500" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Kentucky" title="Portal:Kentucky">Kentucky portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Kentucky-related_articles" title="Index of Kentucky-related articles">Index of Kentucky-related articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Kentucky" title="Outline of Kentucky">Outline of Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Kentucky" title="USS Kentucky">USS Kentucky</a>, 3 ships</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-lower-alpha" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-MSA-1"><a href="#cite_ref-MSA_1-0">^</a> However, a portion of the larger <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_metropolitan_area" title="Cincinnati metropolitan area">Cincinnati metropolitan area</a> does extend into the state. </li> <li id="cite_note-NAVD88-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NAVD88_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NAVD88_3-1">b</a> Elevation adjusted to <a href="/wiki/North_American_Vertical_Datum_of_1988" title="North American Vertical Datum of 1988">North American Vertical Datum of 1988</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> Kentucky is one of <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_(U.S._state)" title="Commonwealth (U.S. state)">only four U.S. states</a> to use the term "Commonwealth" in its official name, along with <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin are not distinguished between total and partial ancestry. </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-USGS-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-USGS_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-USGS_2-1">b</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output 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Page 53. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780813160528" title="Special:BookSources/9780813160528">9780813160528</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <a href="/wiki/AV2_by_Weigl" class="mw-redirect" title="AV2 by Weigl">AV2 by Weigl</a>. (2008). Discover America: Kentucky: The Bluegrass State. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Page 8. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781593397630" title="Special:BookSources/9781593397630">9781593397630</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> Jones, Ronald (2005). Plant Life of Kentucky: An Illustrated Guide to the Vascular Flora. University Press of Kentucky. Page 11. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780813123318" title="Special:BookSources/9780813123318">9780813123318</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.weather-us.com/en/kentucky-usa/lexington-climate">"Lexington, KY – Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast"</a>. Weather Atlas. Yu Media Group. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200808201402/https://www.weather-us.com/en/kentucky-usa/lexington-climate">Archived</a> from the original on August 8, 2020. Retrieved May 19, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Weather+Atlas&rft.atitle=Lexington%2C+KY+%E2%80%93+Detailed+climate+information+and+monthly+weather+forecast&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather-us.com%2Fen%2Fkentucky-usa%2Flexington-climate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.weather-us.com/en/kentucky-usa/louisville-climate">"Louisville, KY – Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast"</a>. Weather Atlas. Yu Media Group. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200811211458/https://www.weather-us.com/en/kentucky-usa/louisville-climate">Archived</a> from the original on August 11, 2020. Retrieved May 19, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Weather+Atlas&rft.atitle=Louisville%2C+KY+%E2%80%93+Detailed+climate+information+and+monthly+weather+forecast&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather-us.com%2Fen%2Fkentucky-usa%2Flouisville-climate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.weather-us.com/en/kentucky-usa/owensboro-climate">"Owensboro, KY – Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast"</a>. Weather Atlas. Yu Media Group. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200802205905/https://www.weather-us.com/en/kentucky-usa/owensboro-climate">Archived</a> from the original on August 2, 2020. Retrieved May 19, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Weather+Atlas&rft.atitle=Owensboro%2C+KY+%E2%80%93+Detailed+climate+information+and+monthly+weather+forecast&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather-us.com%2Fen%2Fkentucky-usa%2Fowensboro-climate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.weather-us.com/en/kentucky-usa/paducah-climate">"Paducah, KY – Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast"</a>. Weather Atlas. Yu Media Group. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200802212926/https://www.weather-us.com/en/kentucky-usa/paducah-climate">Archived</a> from the original on August 2, 2020. Retrieved May 19, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Weather+Atlas&rft.atitle=Paducah%2C+KY+%E2%80%93+Detailed+climate+information+and+monthly+weather+forecast&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather-us.com%2Fen%2Fkentucky-usa%2Fpaducah-climate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.weather-us.com/en/kentucky-usa/pikeville-climate">"Pikeville, KY – Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast"</a>. Weather Atlas. Yu Media Group. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200802200351/https://www.weather-us.com/en/kentucky-usa/pikeville-climate">Archived</a> from the original on August 2, 2020. Retrieved May 19, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Weather+Atlas&rft.atitle=Pikeville%2C+KY+%E2%80%93+Detailed+climate+information+and+monthly+weather+forecast&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather-us.com%2Fen%2Fkentucky-usa%2Fpikeville-climate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.weather-us.com/en/kentucky-usa/ashland-climate">"Ashland, KY – Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast"</a>. Weather Atlas. Yu Media Group. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200802205355/https://www.weather-us.com/en/kentucky-usa/ashland-climate">Archived</a> from the original on August 2, 2020. Retrieved May 19, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Weather+Atlas&rft.atitle=Ashland%2C+KY+%E2%80%93+Detailed+climate+information+and+monthly+weather+forecast&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather-us.com%2Fen%2Fkentucky-usa%2Fashland-climate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.weather-us.com/en/kentucky-usa/bowling-green-climate">"Bowling Green, KY – Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast"</a>. Weather Atlas. Yu Media Group. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200802200012/https://www.weather-us.com/en/kentucky-usa/bowling-green-climate">Archived</a> from the original on August 2, 2020. Retrieved May 19, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Weather+Atlas&rft.atitle=Bowling+Green%2C+KY+%E2%80%93+Detailed+climate+information+and+monthly+weather+forecast&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather-us.com%2Fen%2Fkentucky-usa%2Fbowling-green-climate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Denman" class="citation web cs1">John Denman. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.weather.gov/media/lmk/climate/2004_review.pdf">"2004 in Review for Central Kentucky and South-Central Indiana"</a> (PDF). weather.gov. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190412030426/https://www.weather.gov/media/lmk/climate/2004_review.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on April 12, 2019. Retrieved July 16, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2004+in+Review+for+Central+Kentucky+and+South-Central+Indiana&rft.pub=weather.gov&rft.au=John+Denman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather.gov%2Fmedia%2Flmk%2Fclimate%2F2004_review.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUS_Dept_of_Commerce,_National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration,_National_Weather_Service" class="citation web cs1">US Dept of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Weather Service. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.weather.gov/lmk/22dec2004_winterstorm">"December 22, 2004 Snow Storm"</a>. weather.gov. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180716194624/https://www.weather.gov/lmk/22dec2004_winterstorm">Archived</a> from the original on July 16, 2018. Retrieved July 16, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=December+22%2C+2004+Snow+Storm&rft.pub=weather.gov&rft.au=US+Dept+of+Commerce%2C+National+Oceanic+and+Atmospheric+Administration%2C+National+Weather+Service&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather.gov%2Flmk%2F22dec2004_winterstorm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUS_Dept_of_Commerce,_National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration,_National_Weather_Service" class="citation web cs1">US Dept of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Weather Service. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.weather.gov/media/pah/Top10Events/2006/September22Flood.pdf">"September 2006 was the wettest September on record at some locations"</a> (PDF). weather.gov. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190412030428/https://www.weather.gov/media/pah/Top10Events/2006/September22Flood.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on April 12, 2019. Retrieved July 16, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=September+2006+was+the+wettest+September+on+record+at+some+locations&rft.pub=weather.gov&rft.au=US+Dept+of+Commerce%2C+National+Oceanic+and+Atmospheric+Administration%2C+National+Weather+Service&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather.gov%2Fmedia%2Fpah%2FTop10Events%2F2006%2FSeptember22Flood.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUS_Dept_of_Commerce,_National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration,_National_Weather_Service" class="citation web cs1">US Dept of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Weather Service. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.weather.gov/lmk/jan_2009_ice_and_snow">"Ice and Snow Storm of January 28–29, 2009"</a>. weather.gov. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180716170132/https://www.weather.gov/lmk/jan_2009_ice_and_snow">Archived</a> from the original on July 16, 2018. Retrieved July 16, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ice+and+Snow+Storm+of+January+28%E2%80%9329%2C+2009&rft.pub=weather.gov&rft.au=US+Dept+of+Commerce%2C+National+Oceanic+and+Atmospheric+Administration%2C+National+Weather+Service&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather.gov%2Flmk%2Fjan_2009_ice_and_snow&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUS_Dept_of_Commerce,_National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration,_National_Weather_Service" class="citation web cs1">US Dept of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Weather Service. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.weather.gov/lmk/august_4_2009_flash_flood">"Flash Flood of August 4, 2009"</a>. weather.gov. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180716165729/https://www.weather.gov/lmk/august_4_2009_flash_flood">Archived</a> from the original on July 16, 2018. Retrieved July 16, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Flash+Flood+of+August+4%2C+2009&rft.pub=weather.gov&rft.au=US+Dept+of+Commerce%2C+National+Oceanic+and+Atmospheric+Administration%2C+National+Weather+Service&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather.gov%2Flmk%2Faugust_4_2009_flash_flood&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060626140323/http://corbinkentucky.us/fishing.htm">"Corbin, Kentucky: A Fisherman's Paradise"</a>. Corbin, Kentucky Economic Development. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.corbinkentucky.us/fishing.htm">the original</a> on June 26, 2006. Retrieved November 29, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Corbin%2C+Kentucky%3A+A+Fisherman%27s+Paradise&rft.pub=Corbin%2C+Kentucky+Economic+Development&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.corbinkentucky.us%2Ffishing.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-kye-rivers-76"><a href="#cite_ref-kye-rivers_76-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKleber,_John_E.1992" class="citation book cs1">Kleber, John E., ed. (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CcceBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA774">"Rivers"</a>. The Kentucky Encyclopedia. Associate editors: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_D._Clark" title="Thomas D. Clark">Thomas D. Clark</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lowell_H._Harrison" title="Lowell H. Harrison">Lowell H. Harrison</a>, and <a href="/wiki/James_C._Klotter" title="James C. Klotter">James C. Klotter</a>. <a href="/wiki/Lexington,_Kentucky" title="Lexington, Kentucky">Lexington, Kentucky</a>: The University Press of Kentucky. p. 774. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8131-1772-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8131-1772-0"><bdi>978-0-8131-1772-0</bdi></a>. Retrieved February 18, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Rivers&rft.btitle=The+Kentucky+Encyclopedia&rft.place=Lexington%2C+Kentucky&rft.pages=774&rft.pub=The+University+Press+of+Kentucky&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0-8131-1772-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCcceBgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA774&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-kye-lakes-77"><a href="#cite_ref-kye-lakes_77-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKleber,_John_E.1992" class="citation book cs1">Kleber, John E., ed. (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CcceBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA531">"Lakes"</a>. The Kentucky Encyclopedia. Associate editors: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_D._Clark" title="Thomas D. Clark">Thomas D. Clark</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lowell_H._Harrison" title="Lowell H. Harrison">Lowell H. Harrison</a>, and <a href="/wiki/James_C._Klotter" title="James C. Klotter">James C. Klotter</a>. <a href="/wiki/Lexington,_Kentucky" title="Lexington, Kentucky">Lexington, Kentucky</a>: The University Press of Kentucky. p. 531. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8131-1772-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8131-1772-0"><bdi>978-0-8131-1772-0</bdi></a>. Retrieved February 18, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Lakes&rft.btitle=The+Kentucky+Encyclopedia&rft.place=Lexington%2C+Kentucky&rft.pages=531&rft.pub=The+University+Press+of+Kentucky&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0-8131-1772-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCcceBgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA531&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> Tennessee Valley Authority, The Kentucky Project: A Comprehensive Report on the Planning, Design, Construction, and Initial Operations of the Kentucky Project, Technical Report No. 13 (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1951), pp. 1–12, 68, 115–116, 509. </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbernathyWhiteLaudermilkEvans2010" class="citation book cs1">Abernathy, Greg; White, Deborah; Laudermilk, Ellis L.; Evans, Marc (2010). Kentucky's Natural Heritage: An Illustrated Guide to Biodiversity. University Press of Kentucky. pp. 42–43.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kentucky%27s+Natural+Heritage%3A+An+Illustrated+Guide+to+Biodiversity&rft.pages=42-43&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Kentucky&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Abernathy&rft.aufirst=Greg&rft.au=White%2C+Deborah&rft.au=Laudermilk%2C+Ellis+L.&rft.au=Evans%2C+Marc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKimmerer2015" class="citation book cs1">Kimmerer, Tom (2015). Venerable Trees: History, Biology, and Conservation in the Bluegrass. Lexington, Kentucky: University Press of Kentucky. p. 73. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8131-6566-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8131-6566-0"><bdi>978-0-8131-6566-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Venerable+Trees%3A+History%2C+Biology%2C+and+Conservation+in+the+Bluegrass&rft.place=Lexington%2C+Kentucky&rft.pages=73&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Kentucky&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-0-8131-6566-0&rft.aulast=Kimmerer&rft.aufirst=Tom&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060926064155/http://fw.ky.gov/elkinfo.asp?lid=1653&NavPath=C117C147C301C547">"Elk Restoration Update and Hunting Information"</a>. Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fw.ky.gov/elkinfo.asp?lid=1653&NavPath=C117C147C301C547">the original</a> on September 26, 2006. 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Retrieved August 9, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bloodhorse.com&rft.atitle=Second-Highest+Derby+Attendance%2C+Handle&rft.date=2016-05-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloodhorse.com%2Fhorse-racing%2Farticles%2F211485%2Fsecond-highest-derby-attendance-handle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWarren" class="citation web cs1">Warren, Katie. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/worlds-biggest-horse-sale-keeneland-kentucky-photos-2019-10">"What it's like going to the 'Super Bowl of horse sales,' where royals and millionaires bid on horses they hope might be the next Kentucky Derby winner"</a>. Business Insider. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200910093425/https://www.businessinsider.com/worlds-biggest-horse-sale-keeneland-kentucky-photos-2019-10">Archived</a> from the original on September 10, 2020. Retrieved August 27, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Business+Insider&rft.atitle=What+it%27s+like+going+to+the+%27Super+Bowl+of+horse+sales%2C%27+where+royals+and+millionaires+bid+on+horses+they+hope+might+be+the+next+Kentucky+Derby+winner&rft.aulast=Warren&rft.aufirst=Katie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessinsider.com%2Fworlds-biggest-horse-sale-keeneland-kentucky-photos-2019-10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><a href="#cite_ref-160">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kyhorsepark.com/">"Home"</a>. Kentucky Horse Park. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210211005859/https://kyhorsepark.com/">Archived</a> from the original on February 11, 2021. Retrieved August 27, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Kentucky+Horse+Park&rft.atitle=Home&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkyhorsepark.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070605025349/http://www.lrc.ky.gov/recarch/97ss/HB1/bill.doc">"Postsecondary Education Improvement Act of 1997"</a>. State of Kentucky. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lrc.ky.gov/recarch/97ss/HB1/bill.doc">the original</a> on June 5, 2007. Retrieved May 1, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Postsecondary+Education+Improvement+Act+of+1997&rft.pub=State+of+Kentucky&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lrc.ky.gov%2Frecarch%2F97ss%2FHB1%2Fbill.doc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070705210337/http://www.diversityweb.org/digest/vol10no1/mendel.cfm">"Berea College:Learning, Labor, and Service"</a>. Diversity Web. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.diversityweb.org/digest/vol10no1/mendel.cfm">the original</a> on July 5, 2007. Retrieved May 1, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Berea+College%3ALearning%2C+Labor%2C+and+Service&rft.pub=Diversity+Web&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.diversityweb.org%2Fdigest%2Fvol10no1%2Fmendel.cfm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a> Shannon H. Wilson, Berea College: An Illustrated History (Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2006). </li> <li id="cite_note-164"><a href="#cite_ref-164">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070302123424/http://www.kde.state.ky.us/KDE/About%2BSchools%2Band%2BDistricts/Kentuckys%2BSchools%2Band%2BDistricts/">"Kentucky's Schools and Districts"</a>. Kentucky Department of Education. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kde.state.ky.us/KDE/About+Schools+and+Districts/Kentuckys+Schools+and+Districts/">the original</a> on March 2, 2007. Retrieved June 6, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kentucky%27s+Schools+and+Districts&rft.pub=Kentucky+Department+of+Education&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kde.state.ky.us%2FKDE%2FAbout%2BSchools%2Band%2BDistricts%2FKentuckys%2BSchools%2Band%2BDistricts%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><a href="#cite_ref-165">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120420022820/http://www.kde.state.ky.us/KDE/HomePageRepository/News%20Room/Kentucky%20Education%20Facts.htm">"Kentucky Education Facts"</a>. Kentucky Department of Education. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kde.state.ky.us/KDE/HomePageRepository/News+Room/Kentucky+Education+Facts.htm">the original</a> on April 20, 2012. Retrieved June 15, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kentucky+Education+Facts&rft.pub=Kentucky+Department+of+Education&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kde.state.ky.us%2FKDE%2FHomePageRepository%2FNews%2BRoom%2FKentucky%2BEducation%2BFacts.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><a href="#cite_ref-166">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMillerNolandSchaaf1990" class="citation cs2">Miller, Mary Helen; Noland, Kevin; Schaaf, John (April 1990), A Guide to the Kentucky Education Reform Act of 1990, Frankfort, Kentucky: Legislative Research Commission, <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/21743013">21743013</a>, <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:151134069">151134069</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ERIC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ERIC (identifier)">ERIC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED327352">ED327352</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Guide+to+the+Kentucky+Education+Reform+Act+of+1990&rft.place=Frankfort%2C+Kentucky&rft.pub=Legislative+Research+Commission&rft.date=1990-04&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F21743013&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A151134069%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Mary+Helen&rft.au=Noland%2C+Kevin&rft.au=Schaaf%2C+John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-167"><a href="#cite_ref-167">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoeder" class="citation web cs1">Roeder, Phillip. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081207091202/http://www.kltprc.net/foresight/Chpt_37.htm">"Education Reform and Equitable Excellence: The Kentucky Experiment"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kltprc.net/foresight/Chpt_37.htm">the original</a> on December 7, 2008. Retrieved May 1, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Education+Reform+and+Equitable+Excellence%3A+The+Kentucky+Experiment&rft.aulast=Roeder&rft.aufirst=Phillip&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kltprc.net%2Fforesight%2FChpt_37.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.apnews.com/3622dc9b61204787a5b5f3da24e409e1">"At least 4 Kentucky school districts close amid protests"</a>. Associated Press. March 7, 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190904120515/https://www.apnews.com/3622dc9b61204787a5b5f3da24e409e1">Archived</a> from the original on September 4, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Associated+Press&rft.atitle=At+least+4+Kentucky+school+districts+close+amid+protests&rft.date=2019-03-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.apnews.com%2F3622dc9b61204787a5b5f3da24e409e1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStinnett" class="citation web cs1">Stinnett, Chuck. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061008233115/http://www.kctcs.net/todaysnews/index.cfm?tn_date=2006-09-28#6693">"Fletcher:Tolls to end November 22"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kctcs.net/todaysnews/index.cfm?tn_date=2006-09-28#6693">the original</a> on October 8, 2006. Retrieved May 1, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fletcher%3ATolls+to+end+November+22&rft.aulast=Stinnett&rft.aufirst=Chuck&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kctcs.net%2Ftodaysnews%2Findex.cfm%3Ftn_date%3D2006-09-28%236693&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStinnett2006" class="citation web cs1">Stinnett, Chuck (November 22, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.courierpress.com/news/2006/nov/22/onlookers-cheer-booth-destruction-at-ceremony/">"Onlookers Cheer Booth Destruction at Ceremony"</a>. Courier Press. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070901145219/http://www.courierpress.com/news/2006/nov/22/onlookers-cheer-booth-destruction-at-ceremony/">Archived</a> from the original on September 1, 2007. Retrieved August 10, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Onlookers+Cheer+Booth+Destruction+at+Ceremony&rft.pub=Courier+Press&rft.date=2006-11-22&rft.aulast=Stinnett&rft.aufirst=Chuck&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.courierpress.com%2Fnews%2F2006%2Fnov%2F22%2Fonlookers-cheer-booth-destruction-at-ceremony%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteitzer,_Stephanie2007" class="citation news cs1">Steitzer, Stephanie (June 26, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.courier-journal.com/article/20070626/NEWS01/706260437">"Many new laws go on books today"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Courier-Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Courier-Journal">Courier-Journal</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Courier-Journal&rft.atitle=Many+new+laws+go+on+books+today&rft.date=2007-06-26&rft.au=Steitzer%2C+Stephanie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.courier-journal.com%2Farticle%2F20070626%2FNEWS01%2F706260437&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-172"><a href="#cite_ref-172">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130117104804/https://www.aar.org/aboutus/Pages/default.aspx">"Railroad Service in Kentucky"</a>. Association of American Railroads. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aar.org/aboutus/Pages/default.aspx">the original</a> (PDF) on January 17, 2013. Retrieved May 1, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Railroad+Service+in+Kentucky&rft.pub=Association+of+American+Railroads&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aar.org%2Faboutus%2FPages%2Fdefault.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> Also, Norfolk Southern's main north-south line runs through central and southern Kentucky, starting in Cincinnati. Formerly the CNO&TP subsidiary of Southern Railway, it is NS's most profitable line. </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKnight" class="citation news cs1">Knight, Andy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070410021419/http://www.cincinnati.com/visitorsguide/stories/071100_dinnertrain.html">"On the Right Track – Kentucky Dinner Train serves up railroad nostalgia"</a>. Cincinnati.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cincinnati.com/visitorsguide/stories/071100_dinnertrain.html">the original</a> on April 10, 2007. Retrieved May 1, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cincinnati.com&rft.atitle=On+the+Right+Track+%E2%80%93+Kentucky+Dinner+Train+serves+up+railroad+nostalgia&rft.aulast=Knight&rft.aufirst=Andy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cincinnati.com%2Fvisitorsguide%2Fstories%2F071100_dinnertrain.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyrail.org/">"Kentucky Railway Museum"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070426023631/http://www.kyrail.org/">Archived</a> from the original on April 26, 2007. Retrieved May 1, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kentucky+Railway+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kyrail.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><a href="#cite_ref-175">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShafer2007" class="citation news cs1">Shafer, Sheldon (March 5, 2007). "Bridges money may be shifted". 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Retrieved December 7, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Crash+Kills+49&rft.date=2006-11-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kentucky.com%2Fmld%2Fkentucky%2Fnews%2Fspecial_packages%2Fcrash%2F15378422.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-179"><a href="#cite_ref-179">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/comair-crash-survivor-leaves-hospital/">"Comair Crash Survivor Leaves Hospital"</a>. CBS. October 3, 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061203025058/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2006/10/03/national/main2059120.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on December 3, 2006. 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HISTORY. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210620153533/https://www.history.com/topics/us-states/kentucky">Archived</a> from the original on June 20, 2021. 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November 14, 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191117002146/https://apnews.com/357f0e6196414923acee9ee7aebdf8b8">Archived</a> from the original on November 17, 2019. Retrieved November 19, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AP+NEWS&rft.atitle=Beshear+set+for+%27next+chapter%27+as+Bevin+concedes+in+Kentucky&rft.date=2019-11-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2F357f0e6196414923acee9ee7aebdf8b8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-187"><a href="#cite_ref-187">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/video/politics/matt-bevin-concedes-defeat-in-kentucky-governors-race/2019/11/14/42fc0ea7-2d26-4f87-9856-07f6c701ad7b_video.html">"Matt Bevin concedes defeat in Kentucky governor's race"</a>. The Washington Post. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191115232142/https://www.washingtonpost.com/video/politics/matt-bevin-concedes-defeat-in-kentucky-governors-race/2019/11/14/42fc0ea7-2d26-4f87-9856-07f6c701ad7b_video.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 15, 2019. Retrieved November 19, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Matt+Bevin+concedes+defeat+in+Kentucky+governor%27s+race&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fvideo%2Fpolitics%2Fmatt-bevin-concedes-defeat-in-kentucky-governors-race%2F2019%2F11%2F14%2F42fc0ea7-2d26-4f87-9856-07f6c701ad7b_video.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210101151723/https://personnel.ky.gov/Pages/OrgCharts.aspx">"Organizational Charts"</a>. Kentucky Personnel. Kentucky Personnel Cabinet. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://personnel.ky.gov/Pages/OrgCharts.aspx">the original</a> on January 1, 2021. Retrieved December 23, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Kentucky+Personnel&rft.atitle=Organizational+Charts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpersonnel.ky.gov%2FPages%2FOrgCharts.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-189"><a href="#cite_ref-189">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClingerHail2013" class="citation book cs1">Clinger, James C.; Hail, Michael W., eds. (October 8, 2013). Kentucky Government, Politics, and Public Policy. Lexington, Kentucky: University Press of Kentucky. p. 70. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8131-4315-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8131-4315-6"><bdi>978-0-8131-4315-6</bdi></a>. <q>By 1972 Governor Wendell Ford found himself in a situation similar to that of Governor <a href="/wiki/Happy_Chandler" title="Happy Chandler">Chandler</a> thirty-six years earlier. At this time the executive branch had grown to over 60 departments and agencies and 210 boards and commissions falling under the jurisdiction of the governor. Governor Ford issued a reorganization report creating six cabinet departments and a framework for an executive branch that would be more manageable and accountable. As of 2012, this has grown to eleven cabinet departments with three additional cabinet-rank members under the office of Governor <a href="/wiki/Steve_Beshear" title="Steve Beshear">Beshear</a>. 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Retrieved June 28, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=High+Poverty+in+the+Rural+U.S.+and+South%3A+Progress+and+Persistence+in+the+1990s&rft.date=2004-07-21&rft.au=Beale%2C+Calvin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsrdc.msstate.edu%2Fpoverty%2Fppts%2Fcromartie.ppt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-213"><a href="#cite_ref-213">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWomack,_Veronica_L.2004" class="citation web cs1">Womack, Veronica L. (July 23, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070626232429/http://srdc.msstate.edu/poverty/ppts/womack.ppt">"The American Black Belt Region: A Forgotten Place"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://srdc.msstate.edu/poverty/ppts/womack.ppt">the original</a> (PowerPoint) on June 26, 2007. Retrieved June 28, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+American+Black+Belt+Region%3A+A+Forgotten+Place&rft.date=2004-07-23&rft.au=Womack%2C+Veronica+L.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsrdc.msstate.edu%2Fpoverty%2Fppts%2Fwomack.ppt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-214"><a href="#cite_ref-214">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUnknown" class="citation web cs1">Unknown. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070628062351/http://www.bowdoin.edu/~prael/branch/ex1/m4-black-belt.jpg">"Identifying the "Black Belt" of Cash-Crop Production"</a>. Bowdoin College. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bowdoin.edu/~prael/branch/ex1/m4-black-belt.jpg">the original</a> (JPEG Image) on June 28, 2007. Retrieved June 28, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Identifying+the+%22Black+Belt%22+of+Cash-Crop+Production&rft.pub=Bowdoin+College&rft.au=Unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bowdoin.edu%2F~prael%2Fbranch%2Fex1%2Fm4-black-belt.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-215"><a href="#cite_ref-215">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://explorekyhistory.ky.gov/items/show/145">"Desegregation of UK – ExploreKYHistory"</a>. ExploreKYHistory. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170830195253/http://explorekyhistory.ky.gov/items/show/145">Archived</a> from the original on August 30, 2017. Retrieved July 9, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ExploreKYHistory&rft.atitle=Desegregation+of+UK+%E2%80%93+ExploreKYHistory&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fexplorekyhistory.ky.gov%2Fitems%2Fshow%2F145&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-216"><a href="#cite_ref-216">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChicago_Tribune1966" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a> (January 26, 1966). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1966/01/26/page/8/article/kentucky-oks-rights-bill-1st-in-south">"Kentucky OK's Rights Bill; 1st in South"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170831000112/http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1966/01/26/page/8/article/kentucky-oks-rights-bill-1st-in-south/">Archived</a> from the original on August 31, 2017. Retrieved July 9, 2017. <q>Kentucky yesterday became the first state south of the <a href="/wiki/Mason-Dixon_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Mason-Dixon line">Mason-Dixon line</a> to adopt a civil rights measure. With only one dissenting vote, the state Senate approval a bill outlawing racial discrimination in public accommodations and employment that is stronger than the federal act of 1964. It sailed through the House 76 to 12 last week. A milder bill had failed to get out of committee in 1964 ... Governor <a href="/wiki/Edward_T._Breathitt" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward T. Breathitt">Edward T. Breathitt</a> said he would sign the measure tomorrow at the base of <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Abraham Lincoln</a>'s status in the capitol rotunda.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kentucky+OK%27s+Rights+Bill%3B+1st+in+South&rft.date=1966-01-26&rft.au=Chicago+Tribune&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchives.chicagotribune.com%2F1966%2F01%2F26%2Fpage%2F8%2Farticle%2Fkentucky-oks-rights-bill-1st-in-south&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-217"><a href="#cite_ref-217">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kdf.org/">"Derby Festival Home Page"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110211120931/http://kdf.org/">Archived</a> from the original on February 11, 2011. Retrieved May 13, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Derby+Festival+Home+Page&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkdf.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-218"><a href="#cite_ref-218">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kystatefair.org/">"Kentucky State Fair"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061215111620/http://kystatefair.org/">Archived</a> from the original on December 15, 2006. Retrieved December 25, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kentucky+State+Fair&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kystatefair.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-219"><a href="#cite_ref-219">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kyshakespeare.com/">"Kentucky Shakespeare Festival Home Page"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110310085940/http://www.kyshakespeare.com/">Archived</a> from the original on March 10, 2011. Retrieved December 25, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kentucky+Shakespeare+Festival+Home+Page&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkyshakespeare.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-220"><a href="#cite_ref-220">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071227111243/http://bg.ky.net/Corvette/newera.htm">"National Corvette Museum press release"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bg.ky.net/Corvette/newera.htm">the original</a> on December 27, 2007. Retrieved December 25, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=National+Corvette+Museum+press+release&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbg.ky.net%2FCorvette%2Fnewera.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-221"><a href="#cite_ref-221">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.corvettemuseum.org/">"National Corvette Museum Home Page"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080509073653/http://www.corvettemuseum.org/">Archived</a> from the original on May 9, 2008. Retrieved December 25, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=National+Corvette+Museum+Home+Page&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.corvettemuseum.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-222"><a href="#cite_ref-222">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bbqfest.com/">"Home Page of the International Barbecue Festival"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110224220704/http://bbqfest.com/">Archived</a> from the original on February 24, 2011. Retrieved December 25, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Home+Page+of+the+International+Barbecue+Festival&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbqfest.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-223"><a href="#cite_ref-223">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060422111720/http://www.ajc.com/travel/content/travel/southeast/ky_stories/0305/09lvgetaway.html">"Stately Mansions Grace Old Louisville"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Atlanta_Journal-Constitution" title="The Atlanta Journal-Constitution">The Atlanta Journal-Constitution</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ajc.com/travel/content/travel/southeast/ky_stories/0305/09lvgetaway.html">the original</a> on April 22, 2006. Retrieved December 25, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Stately+Mansions+Grace+Old+Louisville&rft.pub=The+Atlanta+Journal-Constitution&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ajc.com%2Ftravel%2Fcontent%2Ftravel%2Fsoutheast%2Fky_stories%2F0305%2F09lvgetaway.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-224"><a href="#cite_ref-224">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stjamescourtartshow.com/">"St. James Court Art Show Home Page"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070112212356/http://www.stjamescourtartshow.com/">Archived</a> from the original on January 12, 2007. Retrieved December 25, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=St.+James+Court+Art+Show+Home+Page&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stjamescourtartshow.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-225"><a href="#cite_ref-225">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060926112913/https://chfs.ky.gov/NR/rdonlyres/6AD56B4B-7551-4E34-AE5B-E067472C503E/0/October_2004.pdf">"The Heart Line"</a> (PDF). Kentucky Commission on Community Volunteerism and Service. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chfs.ky.gov/NR/rdonlyres/6AD56B4B-7551-4E34-AE5B-E067472C503E/0/October_2004.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on September 26, 2006. Retrieved December 25, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Heart+Line&rft.pub=Kentucky+Commission+on+Community+Volunteerism+and+Service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchfs.ky.gov%2FNR%2Frdonlyres%2F6AD56B4B-7551-4E34-AE5B-E067472C503E%2F0%2FOctober_2004.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-226"><a href="#cite_ref-226">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061224022716/http://www.oldlouisville.com/Literature/">"Old Louisville and Literature"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oldlouisville.com/literature/">the original</a> on December 24, 2006. Retrieved December 25, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Old+Louisville+and+Literature&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oldlouisville.com%2Fliterature%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-227"><a href="#cite_ref-227">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kybourbonfestival.com/">"Kentucky Bourbon Festival Home Page"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061228073210/http://www.kybourbonfestival.com/">Archived</a> from the original on December 28, 2006. Retrieved December 25, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kentucky+Bourbon+Festival+Home+Page&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kybourbonfestival.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-228"><a href="#cite_ref-228">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061224082919/http://www.glasgowhighlandgames.com/">"Glasgow, Kentucky Highland Games Home Page"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.glasgowhighlandgames.com/">the original</a> on December 24, 2006. Retrieved December 25, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Glasgow%2C+Kentucky+Highland+Games+Home+Page&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.glasgowhighlandgames.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-229"><a href="#cite_ref-229">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061223053331/http://littlesturgisrally.net/">"Little Sturgis Rally Home Page"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.littlesturgisrally.net/">the original</a> on December 23, 2006. Retrieved December 25, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Little+Sturgis+Rally+Home+Page&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.littlesturgisrally.net%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-230"><a href="#cite_ref-230">^</a> Linda Elisabeth LaPinta, Kentucky Quilts and Quiltmakers: Three Centuries of Creativity, Community, and Commerce (University Press of Kentucky, 2023) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.h-net.org/reviews/showpdf.php?id=60243">online review of this book</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-231"><a href="#cite_ref-231">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181019213055/http://www.beercheesefestival.com/">"HOME"</a>. Beer Cheese Festival. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.beercheesefestival.com/bcf/">the original</a> on October 19, 2018. Retrieved February 5, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Beer+Cheese+Festival&rft.atitle=HOME&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.beercheesefestival.com%2Fbcf%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-232"><a href="#cite_ref-232">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoung-Brown2014" class="citation book cs1">Young-Brown, Fiona (April 1, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KPl2CQAAQBAJ&q=origins+of+beer+cheese&pg=PT134">A Culinary History of Kentucky: Burgoo, Beer Cheese and Goetta</a>. Arcadia. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781625847478" title="Special:BookSources/9781625847478"><bdi>9781625847478</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240401192303/https://books.google.com/books?id=KPl2CQAAQBAJ&q=origins+of+beer+cheese&pg=PT134#v=snippet&q=origins%20of%20beer%20cheese&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on April 1, 2024. Retrieved November 14, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Culinary+History+of+Kentucky%3A+Burgoo%2C+Beer+Cheese+and+Goetta&rft.pub=Arcadia&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft.isbn=9781625847478&rft.aulast=Young-Brown&rft.aufirst=Fiona&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKPl2CQAAQBAJ%26q%3Dorigins%2Bof%2Bbeer%2Bcheese%26pg%3DPT134&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-233"><a href="#cite_ref-233">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061227214402/http://www.americaslibrary.gov/cgi-bin/page.cgi/es/ky/tater_1">"Tater Day Festival A Local Legacy"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.americaslibrary.gov/cgi-bin/page.cgi/es/ky/tater_1">the original</a> on December 27, 2006. Retrieved December 25, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tater+Day+Festival+A+Local+Legacy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.americaslibrary.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fpage.cgi%2Fes%2Fky%2Ftater_1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-234"><a href="#cite_ref-234">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080513044539/http://www.honeyfest.com/">"Clarkson Honeyfest home page"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.honeyfest.com/">the original</a> on May 13, 2008. Retrieved May 12, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Clarkson+Honeyfest+home+page&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.honeyfest.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-235"><a href="#cite_ref-235">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090502142523/http://www.bluegrasshall.org/">"Bluegrass Music Hall of Fame & Museum"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bluegrasshall.org/general/home.php">the original</a> on May 2, 2009. Retrieved November 30, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bluegrass+Music+Hall+of+Fame+%26+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bluegrasshall.org%2Fgeneral%2Fhome.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-236"><a href="#cite_ref-236">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.festivalofthebluegrass.com/">"Festival of the Bluegrass Home Page"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061207231803/http://www.festivalofthebluegrass.com/">Archived</a> from the original on December 7, 2006. Retrieved November 30, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Festival+of+the+Bluegrass+Home+Page&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.festivalofthebluegrass.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-237"><a href="#cite_ref-237">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVoce2002" class="citation news cs1">Voce, Steve (September 2, 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130730173629/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_20020902/ai_n12639955/pg_5">"Obituary: Lionel Hampton"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_20020902/ai_n12639955/pg_5">the original</a> on July 30, 2013. Retrieved June 3, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Obituary%3A+Lionel+Hampton&rft.date=2002-09-02&rft.aulast=Voce&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffindarticles.com%2Fp%2Farticles%2Fmi_qn4158%2Fis_20020902%2Fai_n12639955%2Fpg_5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-238"><a href="#cite_ref-238">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShteamer2018" class="citation magazine cs1">Shteamer, Hank (September 27, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/will-oldham-my-life-in-15-songs-723480/">"Will Oldham: My Life in 15 Songs"</a>. Rolling Stone. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200622151217/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/will-oldham-my-life-in-15-songs-723480/">Archived</a> from the original on June 22, 2020. Retrieved June 2, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rolling+Stone&rft.atitle=Will+Oldham%3A+My+Life+in+15+Songs&rft.date=2018-09-27&rft.aulast=Shteamer&rft.aufirst=Hank&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollingstone.com%2Fmusic%2Fmusic-lists%2Fwill-oldham-my-life-in-15-songs-723480%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-239"><a href="#cite_ref-239">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080106091226/http://www.iicaculinary.com/iica-curr.htm#ac303">"International Institute of Culinary Arts"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iicaculinary.com/iica-ye2-sem1.htm#ac303">the original</a> on January 6, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=International+Institute+of+Culinary+Arts&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iicaculinary.com%2Fiica-ye2-sem1.htm%23ac303&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-240"><a href="#cite_ref-240">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070823065032/http://www.brownhotel.com/dining/hot-brown.html">"Hot Brown Recipe"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Brown_Hotel_(Louisville,_Kentucky)" title="Brown Hotel (Louisville, Kentucky)">Brown Hotel</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brownhotel.com/dining/hot-brown.html">the original</a> on August 23, 2007. Retrieved December 18, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hot+Brown+Recipe&rft.pub=Brown+Hotel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.brownhotel.com%2Fdining%2Fhot-brown.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-241"><a href="#cite_ref-241">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHenetzNii2004" class="citation news cs1">Henetz, Patty; Nii, Jenifer K. (April 21, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100113154352/http://www.deseretnews.com/article/595057690/Colonels-landmark-KFC-is-mashed.html">"Colonel's landmark KFC is mashed"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Deseret_News" title="Deseret News">Deseret News</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deseretnews.com/article/595057690/Colonels-landmark-KFC-is-mashed.html">the original</a> on January 13, 2010. Retrieved January 14, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deseret+News&rft.atitle=Colonel%27s+landmark+KFC+is+mashed&rft.date=2004-04-21&rft.aulast=Henetz&rft.aufirst=Patty&rft.au=Nii%2C+Jenifer+K.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.deseretnews.com%2Farticle%2F595057690%2FColonels-landmark-KFC-is-mashed.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-242"><a href="#cite_ref-242">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061205035939/http://bengalscamp.com/">"About the camp"</a>. Georgetown College. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bengalscamp.com">the original</a> on December 5, 2006. Retrieved December 18, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+the+camp&rft.pub=Georgetown+College&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bengalscamp.com&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-243"><a href="#cite_ref-243">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSequin2021" class="citation web cs1">Sequin, Molly (January 14, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncaa.com/news/basketball-men/article/2020-01-14/these-are-9-largest-arenas-college-basketball">"9 biggest college basketball arenas | NCAA.com"</a>. NCAA.com. Retrieved October 19, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NCAA.com&rft.atitle=9+biggest+college+basketball+arenas+%7C+NCAA.com&rft.date=2021-01-14&rft.aulast=Sequin&rft.aufirst=Molly&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncaa.com%2Fnews%2Fbasketball-men%2Farticle%2F2020-01-14%2Fthese-are-9-largest-arenas-college-basketball&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-244"><a href="#cite_ref-244">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncaa.com/news/basketball-men/article/2020-07-10/college-basketball-teams-most-national-championships">"The college basketball teams with the most national championships | NCAA.com"</a>. www.ncaa.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200808095842/https://www.ncaa.com/news/basketball-men/article/2020-07-10/college-basketball-teams-most-national-championships">Archived</a> from the original on August 8, 2020. Retrieved August 21, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ncaa.com&rft.atitle=The+college+basketball+teams+with+the+most+national+championships+%7C+NCAA.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncaa.com%2Fnews%2Fbasketball-men%2Farticle%2F2020-07-10%2Fcollege-basketball-teams-most-national-championships&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-245"><a href="#cite_ref-245">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrundhauser2017" class="citation web cs1">Grundhauser, Eric (November 8, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/sagamore-commodore-colonel-ceremonial-title-honorary">"You Can't Be Knighted in the U.S., But You Can Be Named a Sagamore of the Wabash"</a>. Atlas Obscura. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200627185733/https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/sagamore-commodore-colonel-ceremonial-title-honorary">Archived</a> from the original on June 27, 2020. Retrieved January 20, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Atlas+Obscura&rft.atitle=You+Can%27t+Be+Knighted+in+the+U.S.%2C+But+You+Can+Be+Named+a+Sagamore+of+the+Wabash&rft.date=2017-11-08&rft.aulast=Grundhauser&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.atlasobscura.com%2Farticles%2Fsagamore-commodore-colonel-ceremonial-title-honorary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: Bibliography">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Politics_2">Politics</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: Politics">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Miller, Penny M. Kentucky Politics & Government: Do We Stand United? (1994)</li> <li>Jewell, Malcolm E. and Everett W. Cunningham, Kentucky Politics (1968).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="History_2">History</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Surveys_and_reference">Surveys and reference</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: Surveys and reference">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Bodley, Temple and Samuel M. Wilson. History of Kentucky 4 vols. (1928).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_M._Caudill" title="Harry M. Caudill">Caudill, Harry M.</a>, Night Comes to the Cumberlands (1963). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-316-13212-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-316-13212-8">0-316-13212-8</a></li> <li>Channing, Steven. Kentucky: A Bicentennial History (1977).</li> <li>Clark, Thomas Dionysius. A History of Kentucky (many editions, 1937–1992).</li> <li>Collins, Lewis. History of Kentucky (1880).</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGunther1947" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Gunther" title="John Gunther">Gunther, John</a> (1947). "Romance and Reality in Kentucky". <a href="/wiki/Inside_U.S.A._(book)" title="Inside U.S.A. (book)">Inside U.S.A</a>. <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York</a>, <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>: <a href="/wiki/Harper_%26_Brothers" class="mw-redirect" title="Harper & Brothers">Harper & Brothers</a>. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/insideusa00guntrich/page/640">640–652</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Romance+and+Reality+in+Kentucky&rft.btitle=Inside+U.S.A&rft.place=New+York%2C+London&rft.pages=640-652&rft.pub=Harper+%26+Brothers&rft.date=1947&rft.aulast=Gunther&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowell_H._Harrison" title="Lowell H. Harrison">Harrison, Lowell H.</a> and <a href="/wiki/James_C._Klotter" title="James C. Klotter">James C. Klotter</a>. A New History of Kentucky (1997).</li> <li>Kleber, John E. et al. The Kentucky Encyclopedia (1992), standard reference history. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8131-1772-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-8131-1772-0">0-8131-1772-0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_C._Klotter" title="James C. Klotter">Klotter, James C.</a> Our Kentucky: A Study of the Bluegrass State (2000), high school text</li> <li>Lucas, Marion Brunson and Wright, George C. A History of Blacks in Kentucky 2 vols. (1992).</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080306060234/http://www.uky.edu/Subject/aakyall.html">World-Wide Web Resources – Notable Kentucky African Americans</a></li> <li>Share, Allen J. Cities in the Commonwealth: Two Centuries of Urban Life in Kentucky (1982).</li> <li>Wallis, Frederick A. and Hambleton Tapp. A Sesqui-Centennial History of Kentucky 4 vols. (1945).</li> <li>Ward, William S., A Literary History of Kentucky (1988) (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87049-578-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-87049-578-X">0-87049-578-X</a>).</li> <li>WPA, Kentucky: A Guide to the Bluegrass State (1939); classic guide from the Federal Writers Project; covers main themes and every town <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/kentuckyguidetob00federich/page/n8/mode/1up">online</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYater1987" class="citation book cs1">Yater, George H. (1987). Two Hundred Years at the Fall of the Ohio: A History of Louisville and Jefferson County (2nd ed.). <a href="/wiki/The_Filson_Historical_Society" title="The Filson Historical Society">Filson Club, Incorporated</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9601072-3-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9601072-3-0"><bdi>978-0-9601072-3-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Two+Hundred+Years+at+the+Fall+of+the+Ohio%3A+A+History+of+Louisville+and+Jefferson+County&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Filson+Club%2C+Incorporated&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=978-0-9601072-3-0&rft.aulast=Yater&rft.aufirst=George+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Specialized_scholarly_studies">Specialized scholarly studies</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=56" title="Edit section: Specialized scholarly studies">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Bakeless, John. Daniel Boone, Master of the Wilderness (1989)</li> <li>Blakey, George T. Hard Times and New Deal in Kentucky, 1929–1939 (1986)</li> <li>Coulter, E. Merton. The Civil War and Readjustment in Kentucky (1926)</li> <li>Davis, Alice. "Heroes: Kentucky's Artists from Statehood to the New Millennium" (2004)</li> <li>Ellis, William E. The Kentucky River (2000).</li> <li>Faragher, John Mack. Daniel Boone (1993)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.questia.com/read/6471305/politics-in-the-border-states-a-study-of-the-patterns">Fenton, John H. Politics in the Border States: A Study of the Patterns of Political Organization, and Political Change, Common to the Border States: Maryland, West Virginia, Kentucky, and Missouri (1957)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200803021432/https://www.questia.com/read/6471305/politics-in-the-border-states-a-study-of-the-patterns">Archived</a> August 3, 2020, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li>Harlow, Luke E. Religion, Race, and the Making of Confederate Kentucky, 1830–1880. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2014.</li> <li>Ireland, Robert M. The County in Kentucky History (1976)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKlotterHarrisonRamageRoland2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/James_C._Klotter" title="James C. Klotter">Klotter, James C.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Lowell_H._Harrison" title="Lowell H. Harrison">Harrison, Lowell</a>; Ramage, James; Roland, Charles; Taylor, Richard; Bush, Bryan S; Fugate, Tom; Hibbs, Dixie; Matthews, Lisa; Moody, Robert C.; Myers, Marshall; Sanders, Stuart; McBride, Stephen (2005). Rose, Jerlene (ed.). Kentucky's Civil War 1861–1865. Clay City, Kentucky: Back Home in Kentucky, Inc. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9769231-1-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9769231-1-4"><bdi>978-0-9769231-1-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kentucky%27s+Civil+War+1861%E2%80%931865&rft.place=Clay+City%2C+Kentucky&rft.pub=Back+Home+in+Kentucky%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-9769231-1-4&rft.aulast=Klotter&rft.aufirst=James+C.&rft.au=Harrison%2C+Lowell&rft.au=Ramage%2C+James&rft.au=Roland%2C+Charles&rft.au=Taylor%2C+Richard&rft.au=Bush%2C+Bryan+S&rft.au=Fugate%2C+Tom&rft.au=Hibbs%2C+Dixie&rft.au=Matthews%2C+Lisa&rft.au=Moody%2C+Robert+C.&rft.au=Myers%2C+Marshall&rft.au=Sanders%2C+Stuart&rft.au=McBride%2C+Stephen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKentucky" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Kelly, Andrew, Ed. "Kentucky by Design: The Decorative Arts and American Culture". Lexington, University Press of Kentucky, 2015. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8131-5567-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8131-5567-8">978-0-8131-5567-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_C._Klotter" title="James C. Klotter">Klotter, James C.</a> Kentucky: Portrait in Paradox, 1900–1950 (1992)</li> <li>Pearce, John Ed. Divide and Dissent: Kentucky Politics, 1930–1963 (1987)</li> <li>Remini, Robert V. Henry Clay: Statesman for the Union (1991).</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.questia.com/read/100662336/liberal-kentucky-1780-1828">Sonne, Niels Henry. Liberal Kentucky, 1780–1828 (1939)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200802211353/https://www.questia.com/read/100662336/liberal-kentucky-1780-1828">Archived</a> August 2, 2020, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li>Tapp, Hambleton and <a href="/wiki/James_C._Klotter" title="James C. Klotter">James C. Klotter</a>. Kentucky Decades of Discord, 1865–1900 (1977)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.questia.com/read/61648056/lincoln-and-the-bluegrass-slavery-and-civil-war-in">Townsend, William H. Lincoln and the Bluegrass: Slavery and Civil War in Kentucky (1955)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200925151832/https://www.questia.com/read/61648056/lincoln-and-the-bluegrass-slavery-and-civil-war-in">Archived</a> September 25, 2020, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130605161639/http://www.questia.com/read/14459929/night-riders-defending-community-in-the-black-patch">Waldrep, Christopher Night Riders: Defending Community in the Black Patch, 1890–1915 (1993)</a> tobacco wars</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kentucky&action=edit&section=57" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px 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/><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Kentucky" class="extiw" title="s:Special:Search/Kentucky">Texts</a> from Wikisource</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Kentucky" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/Kentucky">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/54px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Kentucky" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/Kentucky">Resources</a> from Wikiversity</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Kentucky" class="extiw" title="voy:Kentucky">Travel information</a> from Wikivoyage</li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kentucky.gov">Official website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/states/kentucky/index.html">Kentucky State Guide, from the Library of Congress</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kentuckytourism.com/">Kentucky Department of Tourism</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.google.com/maps/d/edit?mid=zkXQ4MSaa6bU.kV82taX_fVck">GPS Specific Map of Kentucky Destinations (map)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eia.gov/beta/state/?sid=KY">Energy & Environmental Data for Kentucky</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/state-fact-sheets/state-data.aspx?StateFIPS=21&StateName=Kentucky">Kentucky State Facts from USDA</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kentucky.gov/about/Pages/unbridledspirit.aspx">Kentucky: Unbridled Spirit</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210211014806/https://kentucky.gov/about/pages/unbridledspirit.aspx">Archived</a> February 11, 2021, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyvl.org/">Kentucky Virtual Library</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150622061626/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/21000.html">U.S. Census Bureau Kentucky QuickFacts</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ballotpedia.org/Kentucky">Kentucky</a> at <a href="/wiki/Ballotpedia" title="Ballotpedia">Ballotpedia</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080515221659/http://wikis.ala.org/godort/index.php/Kentucky">Kentucky State Databases</a> – Annotated list of searchable databases produced by Kentucky state agencies and compiled by the Government Documents Roundtable of the American Library Association.</li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/16px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/24px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/32px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256" /> Geographic data related to <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/161655">Kentucky</a> at <a href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap">OpenStreetMap</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Vermont" title="Vermont">Vermont</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_date_of_admission_to_the_Union" title="List of U.S. states by date of admission to the Union">List of U.S. states by date of admission to the Union</a> Admitted on June 1, 1792 (15th) </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 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.navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Kentucky" title="Template:Kentucky"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Kentucky" title="Template talk:Kentucky"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li 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Kentucky">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Environment_of_Kentucky" title="Category:Environment of Kentucky">Environment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Kentucky" title="Climate change in Kentucky">climate change</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Geography">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Kentucky" title="History of Kentucky">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_education_in_Kentucky" title="History of education in Kentucky">History of education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Kentucky" title="Music of Kentucky">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mass_media_in_Kentucky" title="Category:Mass media in Kentucky">Mass media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Kentucky" title="List of newspapers in Kentucky">newspapers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_Kentucky" title="List of radio stations in Kentucky">radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_television_stations_in_Kentucky" title="List of television stations in Kentucky">TV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Kentucky" title="List of people from Kentucky">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Kentucky" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Kentucky">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Kentucky_state_symbols" title="List of Kentucky state symbols">Symbols</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seal_of_Kentucky" title="Seal of Kentucky">seal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Kentucky" title="Flag of Kentucky">flag</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_theaters_in_Kentucky" title="List of theaters in Kentucky">Theater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tourism_in_Kentucky" title="Category:Tourism in Kentucky">Tourism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tourist_attractions_in_Kentucky" title="Category:Tourist attractions in Kentucky">tourist attractions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_Kentucky" title="Transportation in Kentucky">Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Kentucky" title="Category:Kentucky">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Kentucky-related_articles" title="Index of Kentucky-related articles">Index</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Kentucky" title="Abortion in Kentucky">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Kentucky" title="Culture of Kentucky">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Kentucky" title="Crime in Kentucky">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Kentucky" title="Demographics of Kentucky">Demographics</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Economy">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Kentucky" title="Education in Kentucky">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Kentucky" title="Elections in Kentucky">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_laws_in_Kentucky" title="Gun laws in Kentucky">Gun laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Kentucky" class="mw-redirect" title="Homelessness in Kentucky">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Kentucky" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Kentucky">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Politics">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Kentucky" title="Sports in Kentucky">Sports</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_the_United_States#Kentucky" title="List of regions of the United States">Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allegheny_Plateau" title="Allegheny Plateau">Allegheny Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bluegrass_region" title="Bluegrass region">The Bluegrass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumberland_Mountains" title="Cumberland Mountains">Cumberland Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumberland_Plateau" title="Cumberland Plateau">Cumberland Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Kentucky_Coalfield" title="Eastern Kentucky Coalfield">Eastern Kentucky Coalfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highland_Rim" title="Highland Rim">Highland Rim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knobs_region" title="Knobs region">The Knobs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippi_Alluvial_Plain" title="Mississippi Alluvial Plain">Mississippi Plain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Kentucky" title="Northern Kentucky">Northern Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennyroyal_Plateau" title="Pennyroyal Plateau">Pennyroyal Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson_Purchase" title="Jackson Purchase">The Purchase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridge-and-Valley_Appalachians" title="Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians">Ridge-and-Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Valley" title="Tennessee Valley">Tennessee Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Coal_Field" title="Western Coal Field">Western Coal Fields</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Kentucky" title="List of cities in Kentucky">25 largest cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lexington,_Kentucky" title="Lexington, Kentucky">Lexington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowling_Green,_Kentucky" title="Bowling Green, Kentucky">Bowling Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owensboro,_Kentucky" title="Owensboro, Kentucky">Owensboro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Covington,_Kentucky" title="Covington, Kentucky">Covington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond,_Kentucky" title="Richmond, Kentucky">Richmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgetown,_Kentucky" title="Georgetown, Kentucky">Georgetown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence,_Kentucky" title="Florence, Kentucky">Florence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hopkinsville,_Kentucky" title="Hopkinsville, Kentucky">Hopkinsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholasville,_Kentucky" title="Nicholasville, Kentucky">Nicholasville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabethtown,_Kentucky" title="Elizabethtown, Kentucky">Elizabethtown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence,_Kentucky" title="Independence, Kentucky">Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henderson,_Kentucky" title="Henderson, Kentucky">Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankfort,_Kentucky" title="Frankfort, Kentucky">Frankfort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffersontown,_Kentucky" title="Jeffersontown, Kentucky">Jeffersontown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paducah,_Kentucky" title="Paducah, Kentucky">Paducah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radcliff,_Kentucky" title="Radcliff, Kentucky">Radcliff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashland,_Kentucky" title="Ashland, Kentucky">Ashland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murray,_Kentucky" title="Murray, Kentucky">Murray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erlanger,_Kentucky" title="Erlanger, Kentucky">Erlanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winchester,_Kentucky" title="Winchester, Kentucky">Winchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madisonville,_Kentucky" title="Madisonville, Kentucky">Madisonville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Washington,_Kentucky" title="Mount Washington, Kentucky">Mount Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Matthews,_Kentucky" title="St. Matthews, Kentucky">St. Matthews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danville,_Kentucky" title="Danville, Kentucky">Danville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_statistical_area" title="Metropolitan statistical area">Metropolitan areas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Huntington%E2%80%93Ashland_metropolitan_area" title="Huntington–Ashland metropolitan area">Ashland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowling_Green_metropolitan_area,_Kentucky" title="Bowling Green metropolitan area, Kentucky">Bowling Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarksville_metropolitan_area" title="Clarksville metropolitan area">Clarksville, TN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabethtown_metropolitan_area" title="Elizabethtown metropolitan area">Elizabethtown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evansville_metropolitan_area" title="Evansville metropolitan area">Evansville, IN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lexington%E2%80%93Fayette_metropolitan_area" title="Lexington–Fayette metropolitan area">Lexington–Fayette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisville_metropolitan_area" title="Louisville metropolitan area">Louisville/Jefferson County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_metropolitan_area" title="Cincinnati metropolitan area">Northern Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owensboro_metropolitan_area" title="Owensboro metropolitan area">Owensboro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Kentucky" title="List of counties in Kentucky">Counties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adair_County,_Kentucky" title="Adair County, Kentucky">Adair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allen_County,_Kentucky" title="Allen County, Kentucky">Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anderson_County,_Kentucky" title="Anderson County, Kentucky">Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballard_County,_Kentucky" title="Ballard County, Kentucky">Ballard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barren_County,_Kentucky" title="Barren County, Kentucky">Barren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bath_County,_Kentucky" title="Bath County, Kentucky">Bath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_County,_Kentucky" title="Bell County, Kentucky">Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boone_County,_Kentucky" title="Boone County, Kentucky">Boone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bourbon_County,_Kentucky" title="Bourbon County, Kentucky">Bourbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boyd_County,_Kentucky" title="Boyd County, Kentucky">Boyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boyle_County,_Kentucky" title="Boyle County, Kentucky">Boyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bracken_County,_Kentucky" title="Bracken County, Kentucky">Bracken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breathitt_County,_Kentucky" title="Breathitt County, Kentucky">Breathitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breckinridge_County,_Kentucky" title="Breckinridge County, Kentucky">Breckinridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bullitt_County,_Kentucky" title="Bullitt County, Kentucky">Bullitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butler_County,_Kentucky" title="Butler County, Kentucky">Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caldwell_County,_Kentucky" title="Caldwell County, Kentucky">Caldwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calloway_County,_Kentucky" title="Calloway County, Kentucky">Calloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campbell_County,_Kentucky" title="Campbell County, Kentucky">Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlisle_County,_Kentucky" title="Carlisle County, Kentucky">Carlisle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carroll_County,_Kentucky" title="Carroll County, Kentucky">Carroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carter_County,_Kentucky" title="Carter County, Kentucky">Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casey_County,_Kentucky" title="Casey County, Kentucky">Casey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_County,_Kentucky" title="Christian County, Kentucky">Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clark_County,_Kentucky" title="Clark County, Kentucky">Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clay_County,_Kentucky" title="Clay County, Kentucky">Clay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_County,_Kentucky" title="Clinton County, Kentucky">Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crittenden_County,_Kentucky" title="Crittenden County, Kentucky">Crittenden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumberland_County,_Kentucky" title="Cumberland County, Kentucky">Cumberland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daviess_County,_Kentucky" title="Daviess County, Kentucky">Daviess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmonson_County,_Kentucky" title="Edmonson County, Kentucky">Edmonson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elliott_County,_Kentucky" title="Elliott County, Kentucky">Elliott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estill_County,_Kentucky" title="Estill County, Kentucky">Estill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fayette_County,_Kentucky" title="Fayette County, Kentucky">Fayette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleming_County,_Kentucky" title="Fleming County, Kentucky">Fleming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floyd_County,_Kentucky" title="Floyd County, Kentucky">Floyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_County,_Kentucky" title="Franklin County, Kentucky">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulton_County,_Kentucky" title="Fulton County, Kentucky">Fulton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallatin_County,_Kentucky" title="Gallatin County, Kentucky">Gallatin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garrard_County,_Kentucky" title="Garrard County, Kentucky">Garrard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grant_County,_Kentucky" title="Grant County, Kentucky">Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graves_County,_Kentucky" title="Graves County, Kentucky">Graves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grayson_County,_Kentucky" title="Grayson County, Kentucky">Grayson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_County,_Kentucky" title="Green County, Kentucky">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenup_County,_Kentucky" title="Greenup County, Kentucky">Greenup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hancock_County,_Kentucky" title="Hancock County, Kentucky">Hancock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardin_County,_Kentucky" title="Hardin County, Kentucky">Hardin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harlan_County,_Kentucky" title="Harlan County, Kentucky">Harlan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrison_County,_Kentucky" title="Harrison County, Kentucky">Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hart_County,_Kentucky" title="Hart County, Kentucky">Hart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henderson_County,_Kentucky" title="Henderson County, Kentucky">Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_County,_Kentucky" title="Henry County, Kentucky">Henry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hickman_County,_Kentucky" title="Hickman County, Kentucky">Hickman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hopkins_County,_Kentucky" title="Hopkins County, Kentucky">Hopkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson_County,_Kentucky" title="Jackson County, Kentucky">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_County,_Kentucky" title="Jefferson County, Kentucky">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jessamine_County,_Kentucky" title="Jessamine County, Kentucky">Jessamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnson_County,_Kentucky" title="Johnson County, Kentucky">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenton_County,_Kentucky" title="Kenton County, Kentucky">Kenton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knott_County,_Kentucky" title="Knott County, Kentucky">Knott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knox_County,_Kentucky" title="Knox County, Kentucky">Knox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LaRue_County,_Kentucky" title="LaRue County, Kentucky">LaRue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurel_County,_Kentucky" title="Laurel County, Kentucky">Laurel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_County,_Kentucky" title="Lawrence County, Kentucky">Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_County,_Kentucky" title="Lee County, Kentucky">Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leslie_County,_Kentucky" title="Leslie County, Kentucky">Leslie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letcher_County,_Kentucky" title="Letcher County, Kentucky">Letcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_County,_Kentucky" title="Lewis County, Kentucky">Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_County,_Kentucky" title="Lincoln County, Kentucky">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livingston_County,_Kentucky" title="Livingston County, Kentucky">Livingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logan_County,_Kentucky" title="Logan County, Kentucky">Logan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyon_County,_Kentucky" title="Lyon County, Kentucky">Lyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_County,_Kentucky" title="Madison County, Kentucky">Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magoffin_County,_Kentucky" title="Magoffin County, Kentucky">Magoffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_County,_Kentucky" title="Marion County, Kentucky">Marion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall_County,_Kentucky" title="Marshall County, Kentucky">Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_County,_Kentucky" title="Martin County, Kentucky">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mason_County,_Kentucky" title="Mason County, Kentucky">Mason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McCracken_County,_Kentucky" title="McCracken County, Kentucky">McCracken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McCreary_County,_Kentucky" title="McCreary County, Kentucky">McCreary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McLean_County,_Kentucky" title="McLean County, Kentucky">McLean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meade_County,_Kentucky" title="Meade County, Kentucky">Meade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menifee_County,_Kentucky" title="Menifee County, Kentucky">Menifee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercer_County,_Kentucky" title="Mercer County, Kentucky">Mercer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metcalfe_County,_Kentucky" title="Metcalfe County, Kentucky">Metcalfe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monroe_County,_Kentucky" title="Monroe County, Kentucky">Monroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montgomery_County,_Kentucky" title="Montgomery County, Kentucky">Montgomery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgan_County,_Kentucky" title="Morgan County, Kentucky">Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhlenberg_County,_Kentucky" title="Muhlenberg County, Kentucky">Muhlenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_County,_Kentucky" title="Nelson County, Kentucky">Nelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_County,_Kentucky" title="Nicholas County, Kentucky">Nicholas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_County,_Kentucky" title="Ohio County, Kentucky">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldham_County,_Kentucky" title="Oldham County, Kentucky">Oldham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owen_County,_Kentucky" title="Owen County, Kentucky">Owen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owsley_County,_Kentucky" title="Owsley County, Kentucky">Owsley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pendleton_County,_Kentucky" title="Pendleton County, Kentucky">Pendleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perry_County,_Kentucky" title="Perry County, Kentucky">Perry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pike_County,_Kentucky" title="Pike County, Kentucky">Pike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powell_County,_Kentucky" title="Powell County, Kentucky">Powell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulaski_County,_Kentucky" title="Pulaski County, Kentucky">Pulaski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robertson_County,_Kentucky" title="Robertson County, Kentucky">Robertson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockcastle_County,_Kentucky" title="Rockcastle County, Kentucky">Rockcastle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rowan_County,_Kentucky" title="Rowan County, Kentucky">Rowan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_County,_Kentucky" title="Russell County, Kentucky">Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_County,_Kentucky" title="Scott County, Kentucky">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelby_County,_Kentucky" title="Shelby County, Kentucky">Shelby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simpson_County,_Kentucky" title="Simpson County, Kentucky">Simpson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spencer_County,_Kentucky" title="Spencer County, Kentucky">Spencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taylor_County,_Kentucky" title="Taylor County, Kentucky">Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todd_County,_Kentucky" title="Todd County, Kentucky">Todd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trigg_County,_Kentucky" title="Trigg County, Kentucky">Trigg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trimble_County,_Kentucky" title="Trimble County, Kentucky">Trimble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_County,_Kentucky" title="Union County, Kentucky">Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_County,_Kentucky" title="Warren County, Kentucky">Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_County,_Kentucky" title="Washington County, Kentucky">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayne_County,_Kentucky" title="Wayne County, Kentucky">Wayne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Webster_County,_Kentucky" title="Webster County, Kentucky">Webster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitley_County,_Kentucky" title="Whitley County, Kentucky">Whitley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfe_County,_Kentucky" title="Wolfe County, Kentucky">Wolfe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodford_County,_Kentucky" title="Woodford County, Kentucky">Woodford</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Flag_of_Kentucky.svg/32px-Flag_of_Kentucky.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Flag_of_Kentucky.svg/48px-Flag_of_Kentucky.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Flag_of_Kentucky.svg/64px-Flag_of_Kentucky.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="950" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Kentucky" title="Portal:Kentucky">Kentucky portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Protected_areas_of_Kentucky" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#bbeb85;background:#abdb75;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Protected_areas_of_Kentucky" title="Template:Protected areas of Kentucky"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Protected_areas_of_Kentucky" title="Template talk:Protected areas of Kentucky"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Protected_areas_of_Kentucky" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Protected areas of Kentucky"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Protected_areas_of_Kentucky" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_the_United_States" title="Protected areas of the United States">Protected areas</a> of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kentucky</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#bbeb85;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Federal government of the United States">Federal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_areas_in_the_United_States_National_Park_System#National_parks" title="List of areas in the United States National Park System">National Parks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mammoth_Cave_National_Park" title="Mammoth Cave National Park">Mammoth Cave</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_areas_in_the_United_States_National_Park_System#National_historical_parks" title="List of areas in the United States National Park System">National Historical Parks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln_Birthplace_National_Historical_Park" title="Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historical Park">Abraham Lincoln Birthplace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumberland_Gap_National_Historical_Park" title="Cumberland Gap National Historical Park">Cumberland Gap</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_areas_in_the_United_States_National_Park_System#National_rivers_and_national_wild_and_scenic_rivers" title="List of areas in the United States National Park System">National River</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_South_Fork_National_River_and_Recreation_Area" title="Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area">Big South Fork</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/National_Military_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="National Military Park">National Military Park</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Donelson_National_Battlefield" title="Fort Donelson National Battlefield">Fort Donelson National Battlefield</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/National_forest_(United_States)" title="National forest (United States)">National Forests</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Boone_National_Forest" title="Daniel Boone National Forest">Daniel Boone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_and_Jefferson_National_Forests" title="George Washington and Jefferson National Forests">George Washington and Jefferson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Forest_Service" title="United States Forest Service">USFS National Recreation Areas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Land_Between_the_Lakes_National_Recreation_Area" title="Land Between the Lakes National Recreation Area">Land Between the Lakes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/National_Wild_and_Scenic_Rivers_System" title="National Wild and Scenic Rivers System">Wild and Scenic Rivers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Red_River_(Kentucky_River_tributary)" title="Red River (Kentucky River tributary)">Red River</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="National Wildlife Refuge">National Wildlife Refuges</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clarks_River_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Clarks River National Wildlife Refuge">Clarks River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_River_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Green River National Wildlife Refuge">Green River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_River_Islands_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Ohio River Islands National Wildlife Refuge">Ohio River Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reelfoot_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Reelfoot National Wildlife Refuge">Reelfoot</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#bbeb85;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Kentucky" title="Government of Kentucky">State</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Kentucky_state_parks#State_resort_parks" title="List of Kentucky state parks">State Resort Parks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barren_River_Lake_State_Resort_Park" title="Barren River Lake State Resort Park">Barren River Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Licks_Battlefield_State_Resort_Park" title="Blue Licks Battlefield State Resort Park">Blue Licks Battlefield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckhorn_Lake_State_Resort_Park" title="Buckhorn Lake State Resort Park">Buckhorn Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carter_Caves_State_Resort_Park" title="Carter Caves State Resort Park">Carter Caves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumberland_Falls_State_Resort_Park" title="Cumberland Falls State Resort Park">Cumberland Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dale_Hollow_Lake_State_Park" title="Dale Hollow Lake State Park">Dale Hollow Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Butler_State_Resort_Park" title="General Butler State Resort Park">General Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenbo_Lake_State_Resort_Park" title="Greenbo Lake State Resort Park">Greenbo Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jenny_Wiley_State_Resort_Park" title="Jenny Wiley State Resort Park">Jenny Wiley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenlake_State_Resort_Park" title="Kenlake State Resort Park">Kenlake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Dam_Village_State_Resort_Park" title="Kentucky Dam Village State Resort Park">Kentucky Dam Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Barkley_State_Resort_Park" title="Lake Barkley State Resort Park">Lake Barkley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Cumberland_State_Resort_Park" title="Lake Cumberland State Resort Park">Lake Cumberland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_Bridge_State_Resort_Park" title="Natural Bridge State Resort Park">Natural Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennyrile_Forest_State_Resort_Park" title="Pennyrile Forest State Resort Park">Pennyrile Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pine_Mountain_State_Resort_Park" title="Pine Mountain State Resort Park">Pine Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rough_River_Dam_State_Resort_Park" title="Rough River Dam State Resort Park">Rough River Dam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Kentucky_state_parks#State_historic_sites" title="List of Kentucky state parks">State Historic Sites</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Bone_Lick_State_Park" title="Big Bone Lick State Park">Big Bone Lick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Butler_State_Resort_Park" title="General Butler State Resort Park">Butler-Turpin House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dr._Thomas_Walker_State_Historic_Site" title="Dr. Thomas Walker State Historic Site">Dr. Thomas Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Shelby_Cemetery_State_Historic_Site" title="Isaac Shelby Cemetery State Historic Site">Isaac Shelby Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Davis_State_Historic_Site" title="Jefferson Davis State Historic Site">Jefferson Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Mulkey_Meetinghouse_State_Historic_Site" title="Old Mulkey Meetinghouse State Historic Site">Old Mulkey Meetinghouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perryville_Battlefield_State_Historic_Site" title="Perryville Battlefield State Historic Site">Perryville Battlefield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waveland_State_Historic_Site" title="Waveland State Historic Site">Waveland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Hall_State_Historic_Site" title="White Hall State Historic Site">White Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wickliffe_Mounds" title="Wickliffe Mounds">Wickliffe Mounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Whitley_House_State_Historic_Site" title="William Whitley House State Historic Site">William Whitley House</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Kentucky_state_parks" title="List of Kentucky state parks">State Recreation Parks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carr_Creek_State_Park" title="Carr Creek State Park">Carr Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus-Belmont_State_Park" title="Columbus-Belmont State Park">Columbus-Belmont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dawkins_Line_Rail_Trail" title="Dawkins Line Rail Trail">Dawkins Line Rail Trail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._P._%22Tom%22_Sawyer_State_Park" title="E. P. "Tom" Sawyer State Park">E. P. "Tom" Sawyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishtrap_Lake_State_Park" title="Fishtrap Lake State Park">Fishtrap Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Boonesborough_State_Park" title="Fort Boonesborough State Park">Fort Boonesborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Burnside_Island_State_Park" title="General Burnside Island State Park">General Burnside Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grayson_Lake_State_Park" title="Grayson Lake State Park">Grayson Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_River_Lake_State_Park" title="Green River Lake State Park">Green River Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_James_Audubon_State_Park" title="John James Audubon State Park">John James Audubon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kincaid_Lake_State_Park" title="Kincaid Lake State Park">Kincaid Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_Come_State_Park" title="Kingdom Come State Park">Kingdom Come</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Malone_State_Park" title="Lake Malone State Park">Lake Malone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levi_Jackson_Wilderness_Road_State_Park" title="Levi Jackson Wilderness Road State Park">Levi Jackson Wilderness Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Homestead_State_Park" title="Lincoln Homestead State Park">Lincoln Homestead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mineral_Mound_State_Park" title="Mineral Mound State Park">Mineral Mound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/My_Old_Kentucky_Home_State_Park" title="My Old Kentucky Home State Park">My Old Kentucky Home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nolin_Lake_State_Park" title="Nolin Lake State Park">Nolin Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Fort_Harrod_State_Park" title="Old Fort Harrod State Park">Old Fort Harrod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paintsville_Lake_State_Park" title="Paintsville Lake State Park">Paintsville Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pine_Mountain_State_Scenic_Trail" title="Pine Mountain State Scenic Trail">Pine Mountain Trail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taylorsville_Lake_State_Park" title="Taylorsville Lake State Park">Taylorsville Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yatesville_Lake_State_Park" title="Yatesville Lake State Park">Yatesville Lake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Kentucky_state_forests" title="List of Kentucky state forests">State Forests</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dewey_Lake_State_Forest" title="Dewey Lake State Forest">Dewey Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_River_State_Forest" title="Green River State Forest">Green River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kentenia_State_Forest" title="Kentenia State Forest">Kentenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Ridge_State_Forest" title="Kentucky Ridge State Forest">Kentucky Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knobs_State_Forest" title="Knobs State Forest">Knobs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympia_State_Forest" title="Olympia State Forest">Olympia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennyrile_State_Forest" title="Pennyrile State Forest">Pennyrile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tygarts_State_Forest" title="Tygarts State Forest">Tygarts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Kentucky_Nature_Preserves" title="Office of Kentucky Nature Preserves">State Nature Preserves</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Axe_Lake_Swamp_State_Nature_Preserve" title="Axe Lake Swamp State Nature Preserve">Axe Lake Swamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bad_Branch_Falls_State_Nature_Preserve" title="Bad Branch Falls State Nature Preserve">Bad Branch Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bat_Cave_and_Cascade_Caverns_State_Nature_Preserves" title="Bat Cave and Cascade Caverns State Nature Preserves">Bat Cave and Cascade Caverns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beargrass_Creek_State_Nature_Preserve" title="Beargrass Creek State Nature Preserve">Beargrass Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackacre_Nature_Preserve_and_Historic_Homestead" title="Blackacre Nature Preserve and Historic Homestead">Blackacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Licks_Battlefield_State_Resort_Park" title="Blue Licks Battlefield State Resort Park">Blue Licks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigadoon_State_Nature_Preserve" title="Brigadoon State Nature Preserve">Brigadoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Stuart" title="Jesse Stuart">Jesse Stuart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_James_Audubon_State_Park" title="John James Audubon State Park">JJ Audubon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_Bridge_State_Resort_Park" title="Natural Bridge State Resort Park">Natural Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Six_Mile_Island_State_Nature_Preserve" title="Six Mile Island State Nature Preserve">Six Mile Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Dorman_State_Nature_Preserve" title="Tom Dorman State Nature Preserve">Tom Dorman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breaks_Interstate_Park" title="Breaks Interstate Park">Breaks Interstate Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Horse_Park" title="Kentucky Horse Park">Kentucky Horse Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#bbeb85"><div> <ul><li><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Flag_of_Kentucky.svg/32px-Flag_of_Kentucky.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Flag_of_Kentucky.svg/48px-Flag_of_Kentucky.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Flag_of_Kentucky.svg/64px-Flag_of_Kentucky.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="950" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Kentucky" title="Portal:Kentucky">Kentucky portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Kentucky_Nature_Preserves" title="Office of Kentucky Nature Preserves">Office of Kentucky Nature Preserves</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Southern_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Southern_United_States" title="Template:Southern United States"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Southern_United_States" title="Template talk:Southern United States"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Southern_United_States" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Southern United States"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Southern_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">Southern United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Southern_United_States" title="Cuisine of the Southern United States">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_the_Southern_United_States" title="Culture of the Southern United States">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_American_English" title="Southern American English">Dialects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States#Economy" title="Southern United States">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States#Geography" title="Southern United States">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Southern_United_States" title="Politics of the Southern United States">Government and politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Southern_United_States" title="History of the Southern United States">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States#Sports" title="Southern United States">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Southerners" title="Black Southerners">Black Southerners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Southerners" title="White Southerners">White Southerners</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">States</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Federal_district" title="Federal district">Federal districts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">District of Columbia</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_cities_by_population" title="List of United States cities by population">Major cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta" title="Atlanta">Atlanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin,_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birmingham,_Alabama" title="Birmingham, Alabama">Birmingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charleston,_South_Carolina" title="Charleston, South Carolina">Charleston (SC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charleston,_West_Virginia" title="Charleston, West Virginia">Charleston (WV)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte,_North_Carolina" title="Charlotte, North Carolina">Charlotte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia,_South_Carolina" title="Columbia, South Carolina">Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas">Dallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Worth,_Texas" title="Fort Worth, Texas">Fort Worth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greensboro,_North_Carolina" title="Greensboro, North Carolina">Greensboro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hampton,_Virginia" title="Hampton, Virginia">Hampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hialeah,_Florida" title="Hialeah, Florida">Hialeah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huntsville,_Alabama" title="Huntsville, Alabama">Huntsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacksonville,_Florida" title="Jacksonville, Florida">Jacksonville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Rock,_Arkansas" title="Little Rock, Arkansas">Little Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memphis,_Tennessee" title="Memphis, Tennessee">Memphis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami" title="Miami">Miami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee">Nashville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newport_News,_Virginia" title="Newport News, Virginia">Newport News</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk,_Virginia" title="Norfolk, Virginia">Norfolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_City" title="Oklahoma City">Oklahoma City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orlando,_Florida" title="Orlando, Florida">Orlando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portsmouth,_Virginia" title="Portsmouth, Virginia">Portsmouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raleigh,_North_Carolina" title="Raleigh, North Carolina">Raleigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond,_Virginia" title="Richmond, Virginia">Richmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Antonio" title="San Antonio">San Antonio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Petersburg,_Florida" title="St. Petersburg, Florida">St. Petersburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tampa,_Florida" title="Tampa, Florida">Tampa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulsa,_Oklahoma" title="Tulsa, Oklahoma">Tulsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Beach,_Virginia" title="Virginia Beach, Virginia">Virginia Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilmington,_Delaware" title="Wilmington, Delaware">Wilmington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston-Salem,_North_Carolina" title="Winston-Salem, North Carolina">Winston-Salem</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">State capitals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annapolis,_Maryland" title="Annapolis, Maryland">Annapolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta" title="Atlanta">Atlanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin,_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baton_Rouge,_Louisiana" title="Baton Rouge, Louisiana">Baton Rouge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charleston,_West_Virginia" title="Charleston, West Virginia">Charleston (WV)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia,_South_Carolina" title="Columbia, South Carolina">Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dover,_Delaware" title="Dover, Delaware">Dover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankfort,_Kentucky" title="Frankfort, Kentucky">Frankfort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson,_Mississippi" title="Jackson, Mississippi">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Rock,_Arkansas" title="Little Rock, Arkansas">Little Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montgomery,_Alabama" title="Montgomery, Alabama">Montgomery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee">Nashville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_City" title="Oklahoma City">Oklahoma City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raleigh,_North_Carolina" title="Raleigh, North Carolina">Raleigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond,_Virginia" title="Richmond, Virginia">Richmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tallahassee,_Florida" title="Tallahassee, Florida">Tallahassee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="New_France" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:New_France" title="Template:New France"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:New_France" title="Template talk:New France"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:New_France" title="Special:EditPage/Template:New France"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="New_France" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/New_France" title="New France">New France</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_colonization_of_the_Americas" title="French colonization of the Americas">French colonization of the Americas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_colonial_empire" title="French colonial empire">French colonial empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_New_France_history" title="Timeline of New France history">Timeline of New France history</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Quebec_history_(beginnings%E2%80%931533)" title="Timeline of Quebec history (beginnings–1533)">Beginnings–1533</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_New_France_history_(1534%E2%80%931607)" title="Timeline of New France history (1534–1607)">1534–1607</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Quebec_history_(1608%E2%80%931662)" title="Timeline of Quebec history (1608–1662)">1608–1662</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Quebec_history_(1663%E2%80%931759)" title="Timeline of Quebec history (1663–1759)">1663–1759</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1763)" title="Treaty of Paris (1763)">1763 Treaty of Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Quebec" title="History of Quebec">History of Quebec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Acadians" title="History of the Acadians">History of the Acadians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Franco-Americans" title="History of the Franco-Americans">History of the French-Americans</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Colonies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acadia" title="Acadia">Acadia</a> (1604–1713)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_(New_France)" title="Canada (New France)">Canada</a> (1608–1763)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terre-Neuve_(New_France)" title="Terre-Neuve (New France)">Terre-Neuve</a> (1662–1713)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_(New_France)" title="Louisiana (New France)">Louisiana</a> (1682–1763, 1801–1803)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Breton_Island" title="Cape Breton Island">Île Royale</a> (1713–1763)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illinois_Country" title="Illinois Country">Illinois Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_Country" title="Ohio Country">Ohio Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pays_d%27en_Haut" title="Pays d'en Haut">Pays d'en Haut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domaine_du_roy" title="Domaine du roy">Domaine du roy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_towns_and_villages_in_New_France" title="List of towns and villages in New France">Towns and villages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Acadie <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Port-Royal_(Acadia)" title="Port-Royal (Acadia)">Port Royal</a></li></ul></li> <li>Canada <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Quebec_City" title="History of Quebec City">Quebec City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trois-Rivi%C3%A8res" title="Trois-Rivières">Trois-Rivières</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Montreal" title="History of Montreal">Montreal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Detroit" title="History of Detroit">Détroit</a></li></ul></li> <li>Île Royale <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fortress_of_Louisbourg" title="Fortress of Louisbourg">Louisbourg</a></li></ul></li> <li>Louisiane <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Mobile,_Alabama" title="History of Mobile, Alabama">Mobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biloxi,_Mississippi" title="Biloxi, Mississippi">Biloxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_New_Orleans" title="History of New Orleans">New Orleans</a></li></ul></li> <li>Terre-Neuve <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Placentia,_Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="Placentia, Newfoundland and Labrador">Plaisance</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Forts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_forts_in_North_America" title="List of French forts in North America">List of French forts in North America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Rouill%C3%A9" title="Fort Rouillé">Fort Rouillé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Michilimackinac" title="Fort Michilimackinac">Fort Michilimackinac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_de_Buade" title="Fort de Buade">Fort de Buade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_de_Chartres" title="Fort de Chartres">Fort de Chartres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Detroit" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Detroit">Fort Detroit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Ticonderoga" title="Fort Ticonderoga">Fort Carillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Conde" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Conde">Fort Condé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Duquesne" title="Fort Duquesne">Fort Duquesne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortress_of_Louisbourg" title="Fortress of Louisbourg">Fortress of Louisbourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castle_Hill,_Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="Castle Hill, Newfoundland and Labrador">Castle Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starved_Rock_State_Park" title="Starved Rock State Park">Fort St. Louis (Illinois)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_colonization_of_Texas" title="French colonization of Texas">Fort St. Louis (Texas)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Governments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Canada <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Governor_General_of_New_France" title="Governor General of New France">Governor General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intendant_of_New_France" title="Intendant of New France">Intendant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_Council_of_New_France" title="Sovereign Council of New France">Sovereign Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Quebec" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Quebec">Bishop of Quebec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Trois-Rivi%C3%A8res" title="List of governors of Trois-Rivières">Governor of Trois-Rivières</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Montreal" title="Governor of Montreal">Governor of Montreal</a></li></ul></li> <li>Acadie <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Acadia" title="List of governors of Acadia">Governor</a></li></ul></li> <li>Terre-Neuve <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Newfoundland_and_Labrador#Governors_of_Plaisance,_1655–1713" title="List of governors of Newfoundland and Labrador">Governor</a></li></ul></li> <li>Louisiane <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_Louisiana" title="List of colonial governors of Louisiana">Governor</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Laws</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Custom_of_Paris_in_New_France" title="Custom of Paris in New France">Custom of Paris in New France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seigneurial_system_of_New_France" title="Seigneurial system of New France">Seigneurial system of New France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criminal_justice_in_New_France" title="Criminal justice in New France">Criminal justice in New France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intendant" title="Intendant">Intendancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_Council_of_New_France" title="Sovereign Council of New France">Superior Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Admiralty_court" title="Admiralty court">Admiralty court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provost_(civil)" title="Provost (civil)">Provostship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_court" title="Ecclesiastical court">Officiality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bailiff" title="Bailiff">Bailiff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar%C3%A9chauss%C3%A9e" title="Maréchaussée">Maréchaussée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Code_Noir" title="Code Noir">Code Noir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Economy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chemin_du_Roy" title="Chemin du Roy">Chemin du Roy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_fur_trade" title="North American fur trade">Fur trade</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coureur_des_bois" title="Coureur des bois">Coureur des bois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voyageurs" title="Voyageurs">Voyageurs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Company_of_One_Hundred_Associates" title="Company of One Hundred Associates">Company of 100 Associates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Crozat" class="mw-redirect" title="Antoine Crozat">Crozat's Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippi_Company" title="Mississippi Company">Mississippi Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compagnie_de_l%27Occident" title="Compagnie de l'Occident">Compagnie de l'Occident</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Population_of_New_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Population of New France">Population</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1666_census_of_New_France" title="1666 census of New France">1666 census</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habitants" title="Habitants">Habitants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Canadians" title="French Canadians">Canadiens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Daughters" title="King's Daughters">King's Daughters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acadians" title="Acadians">Acadians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casquette_girl" title="Casquette girl">Casquette girls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9tis" title="Métis">Métis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous peoples of the Americas">Amerindians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavery_in_New_France" title="Slavery in New France">Slavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pla%C3%A7age" title="Plaçage">Plaçage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_people_of_color" title="Free people of color">Gens de couleur libres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_in_New_France" title="Alcohol in New France">Alcohol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_France_livre" title="New France livre">Currency</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Card_money_in_New_France" title="Card money in New France">card money</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_France_Intellectual_Life" class="mw-redirect" title="New France Intellectual Life">Intellectual life</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Missionary groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesuit_missions_in_North_America" title="Jesuit missions in North America">Jesuit missions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recollects" title="Recollects">Récollets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grey_Nuns" title="Grey Nuns">Grey Nuns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ursulines" title="Ursulines">Ursulines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_the_Priests_of_Saint_Sulpice" title="Society of the Priests of Saint Sulpice">Sulpicians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_of_New_France" title="Military of New France">Military of New France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_Acadians" title="Military history of the Acadians">Military history of the Acadians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acadian_Civil_War" title="Acadian Civil War">Acadian Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_and_Indian_Wars" title="French and Indian Wars">Intercolonial Wars</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/King_William%27s_War" title="King William's War">King William's War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Anne%27s_War" title="Queen Anne's War">Queen Anne's War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_George%27s_War" title="King George's War">King George's War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Years%27_War" title="Seven Years' War">Seven Years' War</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaver_Wars" title="Beaver Wars">French and Iroquois Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expulsion_of_the_Acadians" title="Expulsion of the Acadians">Expulsion of the Acadians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Peace_of_Montreal" title="Great Peace of Montreal">Great Peace of Montreal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lachine_massacre" title="Lachine massacre">Lachine Raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schenectady_massacre" title="Schenectady massacre">Schenectady Raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_Deerfield" title="Raid on Deerfield">Deerfield Raid</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:New_France" title="Category:New France">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Political_divisions_of_the_United_States" style="text-align:left;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_political_divisions" title="Template:United States political divisions"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_political_divisions" title="Template talk:United States political divisions"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_political_divisions" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States political divisions"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Political_divisions_of_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Political divisions of the United States</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_and_territories_of_the_United_States" title="List of states and territories of the United States">List of states and territories</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right;">States</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idaho" title="Idaho">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">Kansas</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maine" title="Maine">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebraska" title="Nebraska">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire" title="New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island" title="Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vermont" title="Vermont">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Federal_district" title="Federal district">Federal district</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Territories_of_the_United_States" title="Territories of the United States">Territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Samoa" title="American Samoa">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Virgin_Islands" title="United States Virgin Islands">U.S. Virgin Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Minor_Outlying_Islands" title="United States Minor Outlying Islands">Outlying islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baker_Island" title="Baker Island">Baker Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howland_Island" title="Howland Island">Howland Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jarvis_Island" title="Jarvis Island">Jarvis Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnston_Atoll" title="Johnston Atoll">Johnston Atoll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingman_Reef" title="Kingman Reef">Kingman Reef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midway_Atoll" title="Midway Atoll">Midway Atoll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navassa_Island" title="Navassa Island">Navassa Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmyra_Atoll" title="Palmyra Atoll">Palmyra Atoll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wake_Island" title="Wake Island">Wake Island</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_reservations_in_the_United_States" title="List of Indian reservations in the United States">List of Indian reservations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Concessions_and_leases_in_international_relations" title="Concessions and leases in international relations">International concessions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guantanamo_Bay_Naval_Base" title="Guantanamo Bay Naval Base">Guantanamo Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pituffik_Space_Base" title="Pituffik Space Base">Pituffik</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1603#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1603#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1603#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000406174335">ISNI</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/144869566">VIAF</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1204494/">FAST</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJm4Vwb8tpDYbtGkhKP84q">WorldCat</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4097823-0">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79018583">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119617050">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119617050">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00794259">Japan</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge251176&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX455319">Spain</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810696346605606">Poland</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007554810505171">Israel</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058514560406706">Catalonia</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/85255cb8-edb9-4a66-b23a-a5261d42c116">MusicBrainz area</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA04830225?l=en">CiNii</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/258593504">IdRef</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10045322">NARA</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Kentucky&params=37_N_86_W_dim:300000_region:US-KY_type:adm1st&title=Commonwealth+of+Kentucky">37°N 86°W / 37°N 86°W / 37; -86 (Commonwealth of Kentucky)</a>    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