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href="#Range_and_habitat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Range and habitat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Range_and_habitat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Food_and_foraging" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Food_and_foraging"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Food and foraging</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Food_and_foraging-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Behavior" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Behavior"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Behavior</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Behavior-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Behavior subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Behavior-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Burrow_system" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Burrow_system"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Burrow system</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Burrow_system-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Social_interactions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Social_interactions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Social interactions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Social_interactions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mating_and_reproduction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mating_and_reproduction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Mating and reproduction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mating_and_reproduction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Taxonomy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taxonomy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Taxonomy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taxonomy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kangaroo rat</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 36 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-36" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">36 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%B0_%D9%83%D9%86%D8%BA%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="جرذ كنغري – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جرذ كنغري" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Razh-kangourou" title="Razh-kangourou – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Razh-kangourou" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rata_cangur" title="Rata cangur – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Rata cangur" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dipodomys" title="Dipodomys – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Dipodomys" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarb%C3%ADkomy%C5%A1" title="Tarbíkomyš – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Tarbíkomyš" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A4ngururatten" title="Kängururatten – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kängururatten" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nahat%CA%BCe%CA%BCii" title="Nahatʼeʼii – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Nahatʼeʼii" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dipodomys" title="Dipodomys – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Dipodomys" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dipodomys" title="Dipodomys – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Dipodomys" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B4_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="خرموش کانگورویی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خرموش کانگورویی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dipodomys" title="Dipodomys – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Dipodomys" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francach_cangar%C3%BA" title="Francach cangarú – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Francach cangarú" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BA%A5%EA%B1%B0%EB%A3%A8%EC%A5%90" title="캥거루쥐 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="캥거루쥐" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tikus_kanguru" title="Tikus kanguru – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Tikus kanguru" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%9F" title="ירבוען – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ירבוען" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%82_%E0%B2%87%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BF" title="ಕಾಂಗರೂ ಇಲಿ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕಾಂಗರೂ ಇಲಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83-%D2%9B%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%8F%D2%9B" title="Кенгуру-қосаяқ – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Кенгуру-қосаяқ" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slakazol_(Dipodomys)" title="Slakazol (Dipodomys) – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Slakazol (Dipodomys)" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keng%C5%ABriniai_%C5%A1okliai" title="Kengūriniai šokliai – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kengūriniai šokliai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rata_cangarin" title="Rata cangarin – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Rata cangarin" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dipodomys" title="Dipodomys – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Dipodomys" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%81_%E0%B4%8E%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF" title="കങ്കാരു എലി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കങ്കാരു എലി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%B0_%D9%83%D9%86%D8%BA%D8%B1%D9%89" title="جرذ كنغرى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جرذ كنغرى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%80%E1%80%BC%E1%80%BD%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA" title="သားပိုက်ကြွက် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="သားပိုက်ကြွက်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dipodomys" title="Dipodomys – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Dipodomys" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szczuroskoczek" title="Szczuroskoczek – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Szczuroskoczek" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dipodomys" title="Dipodomys – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Dipodomys" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Кенгуровые прыгуны – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кенгуровые прыгуны" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kangaroo_rat" title="Kangaroo rat – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Kangaroo rat" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A4nguruspringm%C3%B6ss" title="Känguruspringmöss – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Känguruspringmöss" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF" title="கங்காரு எலி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கங்காரு எலி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanguru_s%C4%B1%C3%A7an%C4%B1" title="Kanguru sıçanı – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kanguru sıçanı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dipodomys" title="Dipodomys – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Dipodomys" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chi_Chu%E1%BB%99t_nh%E1%BA%A3y_hai_ch%C3%A2n" title="Chi Chuột nhảy hai chân – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chi Chuột nhảy hai chân" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dipodomys" title="Dipodomys – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Dipodomys" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9B%B4%E6%A0%BC%E7%9B%A7%E9%BC%A0%E5%B1%AC" title="更格盧鼠屬 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="更格盧鼠屬" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q120094#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div 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div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Spectacled_hare-wallaby" title="Spectacled hare-wallaby">the spectacled hare-wallaby</a> or <a href="/wiki/Rat-kangaroo" class="mw-redirect" title="Rat-kangaroo">smaller Australian marsupial relatives of kangaroos and wallabies known as rat-kangaroos</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">Kangaroo rat<br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">Temporal range: Late <a href="/wiki/Pliocene" title="Pliocene">Pliocene</a> – Recent</div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Kangaroo-rat.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Kangaroo-rat.jpg/220px-Kangaroo-rat.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Kangaroo-rat.jpg/330px-Kangaroo-rat.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Kangaroo-rat.jpg/440px-Kangaroo-rat.jpg 2x" data-file-width="733" data-file-height="488" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Dipodomys" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Domain: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote">Eukaryota</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Phylum: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Class: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal">Mammalia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rodent" title="Rodent">Rodentia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Heteromyidae" title="Heteromyidae">Heteromyidae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Subfamily: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dipodomyinae" title="Dipodomyinae">Dipodomyinae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Genus: </td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><i>Dipodomys</i></a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray">J. E. Gray</a>, 1841<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></small> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Type_species" title="Type species">Type species</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_phillipsii" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys phillipsii">Dipodomys phillipsii</a></i><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/John_Edward_Gray" title="John Edward Gray">J. E. Gray</a>, 1841</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Species" title="Species">Species</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_agilis" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys agilis">Dipodomys agilis</a></i><br /> <i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_californicus" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys californicus">Dipodomys californicus</a></i><br /> <i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_compactus" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys compactus">Dipodomys compactus</a></i><br /> <i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_deserti" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys deserti">Dipodomys deserti</a></i><br /> <i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_elator" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys elator">Dipodomys elator</a></i><br /> <i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_elephantinus" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys elephantinus">Dipodomys elephantinus</a></i><br /> <i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_gravipes" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys gravipes">Dipodomys gravipes</a></i><br /> <i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_heermanni" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys heermanni">Dipodomys heermanni</a></i><br /> <i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_ingens" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys ingens">Dipodomys ingens</a></i><br /> <i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_merriami" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys merriami">Dipodomys merriami</a></i><br /> <i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_microps" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys microps">Dipodomys microps</a></i><br /> <i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_nelsoni" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys nelsoni">Dipodomys nelsoni</a></i><br /> <i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_nitratoides" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys nitratoides">Dipodomys nitratoides</a></i><br /> <i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_ordii" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys ordii">Dipodomys ordii</a></i><br /> <i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_panamintinus" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys panamintinus">Dipodomys panamintinus</a></i><br /> <i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_phillipsii" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys phillipsii">Dipodomys phillipsii</a></i><br /> <i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_simulans" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys simulans">Dipodomys simulans</a></i><br /> <i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_spectabilis" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys spectabilis">Dipodomys spectabilis</a></i><br /> <i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_stephensi" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys stephensi">Dipodomys stephensi</a></i><br /> <i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_venustus" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys venustus">Dipodomys venustus</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Synonym_(taxonomy)" title="Synonym (taxonomy)">Synonyms</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul class="taxonlist"><li><i>Dipodops</i> <small> Merriam, 1890 </small></li><li><i>Perodipus</i> <small> Fitzinger, 1867 </small></li><li><i>Macrocolus</i> <small> Wagner, 1846 </small></li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p><b>Kangaroo rats</b>, small mostly <a href="/wiki/Nocturnal" class="mw-redirect" title="Nocturnal">nocturnal</a> <a href="/wiki/Rodent" title="Rodent">rodents</a> of genus <i><b>Dipodomys</b></i>, are native to arid areas of western <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a>. The common name derives from their bipedal form. They hop in a manner similar to the much larger <a href="/wiki/Kangaroo" title="Kangaroo">kangaroo</a>, but developed this mode of locomotion <a href="/wiki/Convergent_Evolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Convergent Evolution">independently</a>, like several other clades of rodents (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Dipodid" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodid">dipodids</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hopping_mice" class="mw-redirect" title="Hopping mice">hopping mice</a>). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kangaroo_rat&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kangaroo rats are four or five-toed <a href="/wiki/Heteromyidae" title="Heteromyidae">heteromyid rodents</a> with big hind legs, small front legs, and relatively large heads. Adults typically weigh between 70 and 170 grams (2.5 and 6.0 oz)<sup id="cite_ref-Nader1978_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nader1978-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The tails of kangaroo rats are longer than both their bodies and their heads. Another notable feature of kangaroo rats is their fur-lined cheek pouches, which are used for storing food. The coloration of kangaroo rats varies from cinnamon buff to dark gray, depending on the species.<sup id="cite_ref-Howard1994_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Howard1994-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is also some variation in length with one of the largest species, the <a href="/wiki/Banner-tailed_kangaroo_rat" title="Banner-tailed kangaroo rat">banner-tailed kangaroo rat</a> being six inches in body length and a tail length of eight inches.<sup id="cite_ref-Howard1994_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Howard1994-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Sexual_dimorphism" title="Sexual dimorphism">Sexual dimorphism</a> exists in all species, with males being larger than females. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Locomotion">Locomotion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kangaroo_rat&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Locomotion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kangaroo rats move <a href="/wiki/Bipedally" class="mw-redirect" title="Bipedally">bipedally</a>. Kangaroo rats often leap a distance of 7 feet,<sup id="cite_ref-BLM_CA_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BLM_CA-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and reportedly up to 9 feet (2.75 m)<sup id="cite_ref-Desert_Museum_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Desert_Museum-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at speeds up to almost 10 feet/sec, or 10 km/h (6 mph).<sup id="cite_ref-PBS_Guide_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PBS_Guide-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They can quickly change direction between jumps.<sup id="cite_ref-PBS_Guide_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PBS_Guide-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rapid locomotion of the banner-tailed kangaroo rat may minimize energy cost and predation risk.<sup id="cite_ref-Schroder1979_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schroder1979-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its use of a "move-freeze" mode may also make it less conspicuous to nocturnal predators.<sup id="cite_ref-Schroder1979_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schroder1979-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ecology">Ecology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kangaroo_rat&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Ecology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Range_and_habitat">Range and habitat</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kangaroo_rat&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Range and habitat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kangaroo rats live in arid and semiarid areas, particularly on sandy or soft soils<sup id="cite_ref-Howard1994_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Howard1994-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which are suitable for burrowing. They can, however, vary in both geographic range and habitat. Their elevation range depends on the species; they are found from below sea level to at least 7,100 feet (the <a href="/wiki/Type_locality_(biology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Type locality (biology)">type locality</a> of <i><a href="/wiki/Ord%27s_kangaroo_rat" title="Ord's kangaroo rat">D. ordii</a> priscus</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-mammal_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mammal-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are sensitive to extreme temperatures and remain in their burrows during rain storms and other forms of inclement weather.<sup id="cite_ref-Howard1994_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Howard1994-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kangaroo rats are preyed on by coyotes, foxes, badgers, weasels, owls, and snakes. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Merriam%27s_kangaroo_rat" title="Merriam's kangaroo rat">Merriam's kangaroo rats</a> live in areas of low rainfall and humidity, and high summer temperature and evaporation rates.<sup id="cite_ref-Reynolds1958_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reynolds1958-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They prefer areas of stony soils, including clays, gravel, and rocks, which are harder than soils preferred by some other species (like banner-tailed kangaroo rats).<sup id="cite_ref-Howard1994_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Howard1994-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because their habitats are hot and dry, they must conserve water.<sup id="cite_ref-Lidicker1960_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lidicker1960-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They do this in part by lowering their metabolic rate, which reduces the loss of water through their skin and respiratory system. Evaporation through the skin is the major route of loss.<sup id="cite_ref-Tracy2000_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tracy2000-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Merriam's kangaroo rats obtain enough water from the metabolic oxidation of the seeds they eat to survive and do not need to drink water at all.<sup id="cite_ref-Lidicker1960_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lidicker1960-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To help conserve water they produce very concentrated urine, via a process apparently associated with expression of <a href="/wiki/Aquaporin_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Aquaporin 1">aquaporin 1</a> along a longer than usual segment of the <a href="/wiki/Descending_limb_of_the_loop_of_Henle" class="mw-redirect" title="Descending limb of the loop of Henle">descending limb of the loop of Henle</a> in the kidney.<sup id="cite_ref-Urity2012_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Urity2012-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In contrast, banner-tailed kangaroo rats have more specific habitat requirements for desert grasslands with scattered shrubs; this species is also more threatened because of the decline in these grasslands. These are also dry areas but they tend to have more water available to them than Merriam's kangaroo rats. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Food_and_foraging">Food and foraging</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kangaroo_rat&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Food and foraging"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kangaroo rats are primarily seed eaters.<sup id="cite_ref-Morgan1992_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morgan1992-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They will, however, eat vegetation occasionally, and at some times of the year, possibly insects as well.<sup id="cite_ref-Howard1994_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Howard1994-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They have been seen storing the seeds of mesquite, creosote bush, purslane, ocotillo, and grama grass in their cheek pouches. Kangaroo rats will store extra seeds in seed caches.<sup id="cite_ref-Reynolds1958_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reynolds1958-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This caching behavior affects the rangeland and croplands where the animals live.<sup id="cite_ref-Howard1994_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Howard1994-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kangaroo rats must harvest as much seed as possible in as little time as possible.<sup id="cite_ref-Morgan1992_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morgan1992-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To conserve energy and water, they minimize their time away from their cool, dry burrows. In addition, maximizing time in their burrows minimizes their exposure to predators.<sup id="cite_ref-Morgan1992_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morgan1992-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When on foraging trips, kangaroo rats hoard the seeds that they find. It is important for a kangaroo rat to encounter more food items than are consumed, at least at one point in the year, as well as defend or rediscover food caches and remain within the same areas long enough to utilize food resources.<sup id="cite_ref-Schroder1979_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schroder1979-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Different species of kangaroo rat may have different seed caching strategies to coexist with each other, as is the case for the banner-tailed kangaroo rat and Merriam's kangaroo rat which have overlapping ranges.<sup id="cite_ref-Nader1978_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nader1978-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Merriam's kangaroo rats scatterhoard small caches of seeds in numerous small, shallow holes they dig.<sup id="cite_ref-Jenkins1995_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jenkins1995-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is initially done close to the food source, maximizing harvest rates and reducing travel costs, but later redistributed more widely, minimizing theft by other rodents.<sup id="cite_ref-Jenkins1995_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jenkins1995-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Banner-tailed kangaroo rats larderhoard a sizable cache of seeds within the large mounds they occupy. This could decrease their time and energy expenses; they also spend less time on the surface digging holes, reducing the risk of predation. Being larger and more sedentary, they are better able to defend these larders from depredations by other rodents.<sup id="cite_ref-Jenkins1995_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jenkins1995-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Behavior">Behavior</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kangaroo_rat&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Behavior"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tipton_kangaroo_rat_8046-5_1991.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Tipton_kangaroo_rat_8046-5_1991.jpg/220px-Tipton_kangaroo_rat_8046-5_1991.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Tipton_kangaroo_rat_8046-5_1991.jpg/330px-Tipton_kangaroo_rat_8046-5_1991.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Tipton_kangaroo_rat_8046-5_1991.jpg/440px-Tipton_kangaroo_rat_8046-5_1991.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5132" data-file-height="3339" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Tipton_kangaroo_rat" title="Tipton kangaroo rat">Tipton kangaroo rat</a> (<i>D. nitratoides nitratoides</i>) at the <a href="/wiki/California_Living_Museum" title="California Living Museum">California Living Museum</a> in Bakersfield</figcaption></figure> <p>Kangaroo rats inhabit overlapping home ranges. These home ranges tend to be small with most activities within 200–300 ft and rarely 600 ft.<sup id="cite_ref-Howard1994_4-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Howard1994-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Home range size can vary within species with Merriam's kangaroo rats having larger home ranges than banner-tailed kangaroo rats. Recently weaned kangaroo rats move into new areas not occupied by adults. Within its home range, a kangaroo rat has a defended territory consisting of its burrowing system. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Burrow_system">Burrow system</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kangaroo_rat&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Burrow system"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kangaroo rats live in complex burrow systems. The burrows have separate chambers used for specific purposes like sleeping, living, and food storage.<sup id="cite_ref-Howard1994_4-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Howard1994-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The spacing of the burrows depends on the number of kangaroo rats and the abundance of food. Kangaroo rats also live in colonies that range from six to several hundred dens.<sup id="cite_ref-Reynolds1958_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reynolds1958-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The burrow of a kangaroo rat is important in providing protection from the harsh desert environment. To maintain a constant temperature and relative humidity in their burrows, kangaroo rats plug the entrances with soil during the day.<sup id="cite_ref-Howard1994_4-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Howard1994-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the outside temperature is too hot, a kangaroo rat stays in its cool, humid burrow and leaves it only at night.<sup id="cite_ref-Lidicker1960_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lidicker1960-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To reduce loss of moisture through respiration when sleeping, a kangaroo rat buries its nose in its fur to accumulate a small pocket of moist air.<sup id="cite_ref-Lidicker1960_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lidicker1960-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The burrows of Merriam's kangaroo rats are simpler and shallower than those of banner-tailed kangaroo rats. Banner-tailed kangaroo rats also mate in their burrows, unlike Merriam's kangaroo rats. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Social_interactions">Social interactions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kangaroo_rat&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Social interactions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kangaroo rats are generally solitary animals with little social organization. Kangaroo rats communicate during competitive interactions and courtship.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They do cluster together in some feeding situations. Groups of kangaroo rats that exist are aggregations and colonies.<sup id="cite_ref-Howard1994_4-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Howard1994-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There appears to be a <a href="/wiki/Dominance_hierarchy" title="Dominance hierarchy">dominance hierarchy</a> among male kangaroo rats in competition for access to females.<sup id="cite_ref-Newmark2000_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Newmark2000-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Male kangaroo rats are generally more aggressive than females and are more dominant over them. Females are more tolerant of each other than males are and have more non-aggressive interactions. This is likely in part because the home ranges of females overlap less than the home ranges of males.<sup id="cite_ref-Newmark2000_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Newmark2000-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Linear dominance hierarchies appear to exist among males but it is not known if this is the case for females.<sup id="cite_ref-Newmark2000_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Newmark2000-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Winners of aggressive encounters appear to be the most active individuals. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mating_and_reproduction">Mating and reproduction</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kangaroo_rat&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Mating and reproduction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kangaroo rats have a <a href="/wiki/Promiscuous" class="mw-redirect" title="Promiscuous">promiscuous</a> mating system. Their reproductive output is highest in summer following high rainfalls.<sup id="cite_ref-Waser1991_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Waser1991-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During droughts and food shortages, only a few females will breed.<sup id="cite_ref-Howard1994_4-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Howard1994-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It appears that kangaroo rats can assess their local conditions and adjust their reproductive efforts accordingly.<sup id="cite_ref-Waser1991_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Waser1991-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Merriam's kangaroo rats breed between February and May and produce two or three litters per year.<sup id="cite_ref-Nader1978_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nader1978-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before mating, the male and female will perform nasal-anal circling until the female stops and allows the male to mount her. A Merriam's kangaroo rat female will allow multiple males to mount her in a short time, perhaps to ensure greater chances of producing offspring. Mating in banner-tailed kangaroo rats involves more chasing and foot drumming in the male before the female allows him to mate.<sup id="cite_ref-Randall1987_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Randall1987-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Banner-tailed kangaroo rats mate on mounds and the more successful males chase away rival males.<sup id="cite_ref-Randall1987_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Randall1987-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The gestation period of kangaroo rats lasts 22–27 days. </p><p>The young are born in a fur-lined nest in the burrows. They are born blind and hairless.<sup id="cite_ref-Nader1978_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nader1978-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For the first week, young Merriam kangaroo rats crawl, developing their hind legs in their second or third week.<sup id="cite_ref-Reynolds1958_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reynolds1958-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At this time, the young become independent. Banner-tailed kangaroo rats are weaned between 22 and 25 days. Offspring remain in the mound for 1-6 more months in the maternal caches.<sup id="cite_ref-Waser1991_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Waser1991-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taxonomy">Taxonomy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kangaroo_rat&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Taxonomy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b>Family Heteromyidae</b> <ul><li><b>Subfamily Dipodomyinae</b> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_agilis" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys agilis">Dipodomys agilis</a></i> (Agile kangaroo rat)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_californicus" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys californicus">Dipodomys californicus</a></i> (California kangaroo rat)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_compactus" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys compactus">Dipodomys compactus</a></i> (Gulf Coast kangaroo rat)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_deserti" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys deserti">Dipodomys deserti</a></i> (Desert kangaroo rat)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_elator" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys elator">Dipodomys elator</a></i> (Texas kangaroo rat)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_elephantinus" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys elephantinus">Dipodomys elephantinus</a></i> (Big-eared kangaroo rat)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_gravipes" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys gravipes">Dipodomys gravipes</a></i> (San Quintin kangaroo rat)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_heermanni" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys heermanni">Dipodomys heermanni</a></i> (Heermann's kangaroo rat)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_ingens" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys ingens">Dipodomys ingens</a></i> (Giant kangaroo rat)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_merriami" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys merriami">Dipodomys merriami</a></i> (Merriam's kangaroo rat)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_microps" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys microps">Dipodomys microps</a></i> (Chisel-toothed kangaroo rat)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_nelsoni" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys nelsoni">Dipodomys nelsoni</a></i> (Nelson's kangaroo rat)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_nitratoides" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys nitratoides">Dipodomys nitratoides</a></i> (Fresno kangaroo rat)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_ordii" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys ordii">Dipodomys ordii</a></i> (Ord's kangaroo rat)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_panamintinus" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys panamintinus">Dipodomys panamintinus</a></i> (Panamint kangaroo rat)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_phillipsii" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys phillipsii">Dipodomys phillipsii</a></i> (Phillips's kangaroo rat)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_simulans" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys simulans">Dipodomys simulans</a></i> (Dulzura kangaroo rat)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_spectabilis" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys spectabilis">Dipodomys spectabilis</a></i> (Banner-tailed kangaroo rat)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_stephensi" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys stephensi">Dipodomys stephensi</a></i> (Stephens's kangaroo rat)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys_venustus" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys venustus">Dipodomys venustus</a></i> (Narrow-faced kangaroo rat)</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kangaroo_rat&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hopping_mouse" title="Hopping mouse">Hopping mouse</a> – a similar <a href="/wiki/Muridae" title="Muridae">murid</a> rodent native to Australia; an example of <a href="/wiki/Parallel_evolution" title="Parallel evolution">parallel evolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerboa" title="Jerboa">Jerboa</a> – a similar <a href="/wiki/Dipodid" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodid">dipodid</a> rodent native to northern Africa and Asia</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jumping_mouse" class="mw-redirect" title="Jumping mouse">Jumping mouse</a> – a non-desert-dwelling <a href="/wiki/Dipodid" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodid">dipodid</a> rodent native to China and North America</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kangaroo_mouse" title="Kangaroo mouse">Kangaroo mouse</a> – a closely related <a href="/wiki/Heteromyid" class="mw-redirect" title="Heteromyid">heteromyid</a> rodent of North America</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kultarr" title="Kultarr">Kultarr</a> – an unrelated <a href="/wiki/Marsupial" title="Marsupial">marsupial</a> with a similar body plan and coloration; an example of <a href="/wiki/Convergent_evolution" title="Convergent evolution">convergence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springhare" class="mw-redirect" title="Springhare">Springhare</a> – a similar <a href="/wiki/Pedetid" class="mw-redirect" title="Pedetid">pedetid</a> rodent native to southern and eastern Africa</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kangaroo_rat&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGray1841" class="citation journal cs1">Gray, J. 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"Field Observations of Male Competition and Mating in Merriam's and Bannertail Kangaroo Rats". <i>American Midland Naturalist</i>. <b>117</b> (1): 211–213. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2425723">10.2307/2425723</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2425723">2425723</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Midland+Naturalist&rft.atitle=Field+Observations+of+Male+Competition+and+Mating+in+Merriam%27s+and+Bannertail+Kangaroo+Rats&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=211-213&rft.date=1987-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2425723&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2425723%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Randall&rft.aufirst=J.+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKangaroo+rat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPatton2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/James_L._Patton" title="James L. Patton">Patton, J.L.</a> (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=12700003">"Family Heteromyidae"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Don_E._Wilson" title="Don E. Wilson">Wilson, D.E.</a>; Reeder, D.M (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.google.com/books?id=JgAMbNSt8ikC&pg=PA844–849"><i>Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference</i></a> (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 844–849. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-8221-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-8221-0"><bdi>978-0-8018-8221-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/62265494">62265494</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Family+Heteromyidae&rft.btitle=Mammal+Species+of+the+World%3A+A+Taxonomic+and+Geographic+Reference&rft.pages=844-849&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Johns+Hopkins+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F62265494&rft.isbn=978-0-8018-8221-0&rft.aulast=Patton&rft.aufirst=J.L.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.departments.bucknell.edu%2Fbiology%2Fresources%2Fmsw3%2Fbrowse.asp%3Fid%3D12700003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKangaroo+rat" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kangaroo_rat&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><span class="citation gutenberg"> <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gutenberg.org/ebooks/17966">Life History of the Kangaroo Rat</a></i> at <a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a></span>--<a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Agriculture" title="United States Department of Agriculture">United States Department of Agriculture</a> Bulletin No. 1091, from September 1922</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100806001919/http://www.arkive.org/giant-kangaroo-rat/dipodomys-ingens/video-00.html">ARKive.org</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:H._Dipodomyinae_nav" title="Template:H. Dipodomyinae nav"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:H._Dipodomyinae_nav" title="Template talk:H. Dipodomyinae nav"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:H._Dipodomyinae_nav" title="Special:EditPage/Template:H. Dipodomyinae nav"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Extant_species_of_family_Heteromyidae_(subfamily_Dipodomyinae)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Extant species of family <a href="/wiki/Heteromyidae" title="Heteromyidae">Heteromyidae</a> (subfamily <a href="/wiki/Dipodomyinae" title="Dipodomyinae">Dipodomyinae</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>Kingdom <a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a></li> <li>Phylum <a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a></li> <li>Class <a href="/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal">Mammalia</a></li> <li>Order: <a href="/wiki/Rodent" title="Rodent">Rodentia</a></li> <li>Superfamily: <a href="/wiki/Geomyoidea" title="Geomyoidea">Geomyoidea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dipodomys</a></i><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(Kangaroo rats)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agile_kangaroo_rat" title="Agile kangaroo rat">Agile kangaroo rat <i>(Dipodomys agilis)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_kangaroo_rat" title="California kangaroo rat">California kangaroo rat <i>(Dipodomys californicus)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_Coast_kangaroo_rat" title="Gulf Coast kangaroo rat">Gulf Coast kangaroo rat <i>(Dipodomys compactus)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desert_kangaroo_rat" title="Desert kangaroo rat">Desert kangaroo rat <i>(Dipodomys deserti)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_kangaroo_rat" title="Texas kangaroo rat">Texas kangaroo rat <i>(Dipodomys elator)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big-eared_kangaroo_rat" title="Big-eared kangaroo rat">Big-eared kangaroo rat <i>(Dipodomys elephantinus)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Quintin_kangaroo_rat" title="San Quintin kangaroo rat">San Quintin kangaroo rat <i>(Dipodomys gravipes)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heermann%27s_kangaroo_rat" title="Heermann's kangaroo rat">Heermann's kangaroo rat <i>(Dipodomys heermanni)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giant_kangaroo_rat" title="Giant kangaroo rat">Giant kangaroo rat <i>(Dipodomys ingens)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Jos%C3%A9_Island_kangaroo_rat" title="San José Island kangaroo rat">San José Island kangaroo rat <i>(Dipodomys insularis)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merriam%27s_kangaroo_rat" title="Merriam's kangaroo rat">Merriam's kangaroo rat <i>(Dipodomys merriami)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chisel-toothed_kangaroo_rat" title="Chisel-toothed kangaroo rat">Chisel-toothed kangaroo rat <i>(Dipodomys microps)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson%27s_kangaroo_rat" title="Nelson's kangaroo rat">Nelson's kangaroo rat <i>(Dipodomys nelsoni)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fresno_kangaroo_rat" title="Fresno kangaroo rat">Fresno kangaroo rat <i>(Dipodomys nitratoides)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ord%27s_kangaroo_rat" title="Ord's kangaroo rat">Ord's kangaroo rat <i>(Dipodomys ordii)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panamint_kangaroo_rat" title="Panamint kangaroo rat">Panamint kangaroo rat <i>(Dipodomys panamintinus)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phillips%27s_kangaroo_rat" title="Phillips's kangaroo rat">Phillips's kangaroo rat (<i>Dipodomys phillipsii)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dulzura_kangaroo_rat" title="Dulzura kangaroo rat">Dulzura kangaroo rat <i>(Dipodomys simulans)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banner-tailed_kangaroo_rat" title="Banner-tailed kangaroo rat">Banner-tailed kangaroo rat <i>(Dipodomys spectabilis)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephens%27s_kangaroo_rat" title="Stephens's kangaroo rat">Stephens's kangaroo rat <i>(Dipodomys stephensi)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narrow-faced_kangaroo_rat" title="Narrow-faced kangaroo rat">Narrow-faced kangaroo rat <i>(Dipodomys venustus)</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Kangaroo_mouse" title="Kangaroo mouse">Microdipodops</a></i><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(Kangaroo mice)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dark_kangaroo_mouse" title="Dark kangaroo mouse">Dark kangaroo mouse <i>(Microdipodops megacephalus)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pale_kangaroo_mouse" title="Pale kangaroo mouse">Pale kangaroo mouse <i>(Microdipodops pallidus)</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Heteromyidae" title="Category:Heteromyidae">Category</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link 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title="Special:EditPage/Template:Castorimorpha"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Castorimorpha" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Castorimorpha" title="Castorimorpha">Castorimorpha</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a></li> <li>Phylum: <a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a></li> <li>Class: <a href="/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal">Mammalia</a></li> <li>Order: <a href="/wiki/Rodentia" class="mw-redirect" title="Rodentia">Rodentia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div id="Castorimorpha" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Castorimorpha" title="Castorimorpha">Castorimorpha</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diplolophidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diplolophidae (page does not exist)">Diplolophidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diplolophus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diplolophus (page does not exist)">Diplolophus</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Floresomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Floresomys (page does not exist)">Floresomys</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Griphomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Griphomys (page does not exist)">Griphomys</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jimomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jimomys (page does not exist)">Jimomys</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meliakrouniomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meliakrouniomys (page does not exist)">Meliakrouniomys</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Schizodontomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Schizodontomys (page does not exist)">Schizodontomys</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Texomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Texomys (page does not exist)">Texomys</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Castoroidea" class="mw-redirect" title="Castoroidea">Castoroidea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Castoridae" title="Castoridae">Castoridae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Migmacastor" title="Migmacastor">Migmacastor</a></i></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agnotocastorinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agnotocastorinae (page does not exist)">Agnotocastorinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agnotocastorini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agnotocastorini (page does not exist)">Agnotocastorini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Agnotocastor" title="Agnotocastor">Agnotocastor</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neatocastor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neatocastor (page does not exist)">Neatocastor</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anchitheriomyini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anchitheriomyini (page does not exist)">Anchitheriomyini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Anchitheriomys" title="Anchitheriomys">Anchitheriomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oligotheriomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oligotheriomys (page does not exist)">Oligotheriomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Propalaeocastor" title="Propalaeocastor">Propalaeocastor</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palaeocastorinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palaeocastorinae (page does not exist)">Palaeocastorinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capacikala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Capacikala (page does not exist)">Capacikala</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Palaeocastor" title="Palaeocastor">Palaeocastor</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pseudopalaeocastor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pseudopalaeocastor (page does not exist)">Pseudopalaeocastor</a></i></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="†Euhapsini" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Euhapsini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Euhapsini (page does not exist)">Euhapsini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Euhapsis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Euhapsis (page does not exist)">Euhapsis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossorcastor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fossorcastor (page does not exist)">Fossorcastor</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Castoroidinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Castoroidinae">Castoroidinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Priusaulax&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Priusaulax (page does not exist)">Priusaulax</a></i></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castoroidini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castoroidini (page does not exist)">Castoroidini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Castoroides" title="Castoroides">Castoroides</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dipoides" title="Dipoides">Dipoides</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Monosaulax" title="Monosaulax">Monosaulax</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Procastoroides" title="Procastoroides">Procastoroides</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prodipoides&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prodipoides (page does not exist)">Prodipoides</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nothodipoidini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nothodipoidini (page does not exist)">Nothodipoidini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Eucastor" title="Eucastor">Eucastor</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Microdipoides&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Microdipoides (page does not exist)">Microdipoides</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nothodipoides&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nothodipoides (page does not exist)">Nothodipoides</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trogontheriini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trogontheriini (page does not exist)">Trogontheriini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asiacastor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asiacastor (page does not exist)">Asiacastor</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boreofiber&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boreofiber (page does not exist)">Boreofiber</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Euroxenomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Euroxenomys (page does not exist)">Euroxenomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Trogontherium" title="Trogontherium">Trogontherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Youngofiber" title="Youngofiber">Youngofiber</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Castorinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Castorinae">Castorinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Beaver" title="Beaver">Castor</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chalicomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chalicomys (page does not exist)">Chalicomys</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hystricops&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hystricops (page does not exist)">Hystricops</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Romanofiber&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Romanofiber (page does not exist)">Romanofiber</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Schreuderia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Schreuderia (page does not exist)">Schreuderia</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinocastor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sinocastor (page does not exist)">Sinocastor</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Steneofiber" title="Steneofiber">Steneofiber</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zamolxifiber&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zamolxifiber (page does not exist)">Zamolxifiber</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Eutypomyidae" title="Eutypomyidae">Eutypomyidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutypomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutypomys (page does not exist)">Eutypomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janimus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Janimus (page does not exist)">Janimus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mattimys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mattimys (page does not exist)">Mattimys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Microeutypomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Microeutypomys (page does not exist)">Microeutypomys</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Rhizospalacidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhizospalacidae">Rhizospalacidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Rhizospalax" title="Rhizospalax">Rhizospalax</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Palaeocastor_BW.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Palaeocastor peninsulatus"><img alt="Palaeocastor peninsulatus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Palaeocastor_BW.jpg/140px-Palaeocastor_BW.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Palaeocastor_BW.jpg/210px-Palaeocastor_BW.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Palaeocastor_BW.jpg/280px-Palaeocastor_BW.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="587" /></a></span> <p><span style="display: inline-block; transform: scaleX(-1);"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Die_Gartenlaube_(1858)_b_068_white_background.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Castor fiber"><img alt="Castor fiber" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Die_Gartenlaube_%281858%29_b_068_white_background.jpg/140px-Die_Gartenlaube_%281858%29_b_068_white_background.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="81" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Die_Gartenlaube_%281858%29_b_068_white_background.jpg/210px-Die_Gartenlaube_%281858%29_b_068_white_background.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Die_Gartenlaube_%281858%29_b_068_white_background.jpg/280px-Die_Gartenlaube_%281858%29_b_068_white_background.jpg 2x" data-file-width="708" data-file-height="410" /></a></span></span> </p> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Castoroides_dilophidus.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Castoroides dilophidus"><img alt="Castoroides dilophidus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Castoroides_dilophidus.png/140px-Castoroides_dilophidus.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Castoroides_dilophidus.png/210px-Castoroides_dilophidus.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Castoroides_dilophidus.png/280px-Castoroides_dilophidus.png 2x" data-file-width="1791" data-file-height="1378" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div id="Geomorpha" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Geomorpha_(mammal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Geomorpha (mammal)">Geomorpha</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position:absolute;transform: translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);;"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Eomyidae" title="Eomyidae">Eomyidae</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simiacritomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simiacritomys (page does not exist)">Simiacritomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symplokeomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Symplokeomys (page does not exist)">Symplokeomys</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apeomyinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apeomyinae (page does not exist)">Apeomyinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Apeomyoides" title="Apeomyoides">Apeomyoides</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apeomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apeomys (page does not exist)">Apeomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arikareeomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arikareeomys (page does not exist)">Arikareeomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Megapeomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Megapeomys (page does not exist)">Megapeomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zophoapheomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zophoapheomys (page does not exist)">Zophoapheomys</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eomyinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eomyinae (page does not exist)">Eomyinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adjidaumo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adjidaumo (page does not exist)">Adjidaumo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aguafriamys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aguafriamys (page does not exist)">Aguafriamys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asianeomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asianeomys (page does not exist)">Asianeomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aulolithomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aulolithomys (page does not exist)">Aulolithomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Centimanomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Centimanomys (page does not exist)">Centimanomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Comancheomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Comancheomys (page does not exist)">Comancheomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cristadjidaumo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cristadjidaumo (page does not exist)">Cristadjidaumo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cupressimus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cupressimus (page does not exist)">Cupressimus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eomyodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eomyodon (page does not exist)">Eomyodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eomyops&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eomyops (page does not exist)">Eomyops</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eomys" title="Eomys">Eomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estramomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Estramomys (page does not exist)">Estramomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japaneomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Japaneomys (page does not exist)">Japaneomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kansasimys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kansasimys (page does not exist)">Kansasimys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keramidomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keramidomys (page does not exist)">Keramidomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leptodontomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leptodontomys (page does not exist)">Leptodontomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ligerimys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ligerimys (page does not exist)">Ligerimys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metadjidaumo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metadjidaumo (page does not exist)">Metadjidaumo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metanoiamys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metanoiamys (page does not exist)">Metanoiamys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meteomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meteomys (page does not exist)">Meteomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Montanamus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Montanamus (page does not exist)">Montanamus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Namatomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Namatomys (page does not exist)">Namatomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neoadjidaumo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neoadjidaumo (page does not exist)">Neoadjidaumo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orelladjidaumo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orelladjidaumo (page does not exist)">Orelladjidaumo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paradjidaumo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paradjidaumo (page does not exist)">Paradjidaumo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paranamatomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paranamatomys (page does not exist)">Paranamatomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pentabuneomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pentabuneomys (page does not exist)">Pentabuneomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protadjidaumo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Protadjidaumo (page does not exist)">Protadjidaumo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pseudotheridomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pseudotheridomys (page does not exist)">Pseudotheridomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhodanomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rhodanomys (page does not exist)">Rhodanomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ritteneria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ritteneria (page does not exist)">Ritteneria</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ronquillomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ronquillomys (page does not exist)">Ronquillomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Viejadjidaumo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Viejadjidaumo (page does not exist)">Viejadjidaumo</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoderimyinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yoderimyinae (page does not exist)">Yoderimyinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Litoyoderimys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Litoyoderimys (page does not exist)">Litoyoderimys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoderimys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yoderimys (page does not exist)">Yoderimys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zaisaneomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zaisaneomys (page does not exist)">Zaisaneomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zemiodontomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zemiodontomys (page does not exist)">Zemiodontomys</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position:absolute;transform: translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);;"><a href="/wiki/Geomyoidea" title="Geomyoidea">Geomyoidea</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Griphomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Griphomys (page does not exist)">Griphomys</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meliakrouniomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meliakrouniomys (page does not exist)">Meliakrouniomys</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Florentiamyidae" title="Florentiamyidae">Florentiamyidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ecclesimus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ecclesimus (page does not exist)">Ecclesimus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fanimus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fanimus (page does not exist)">Fanimus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Florentiamys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Florentiamys (page does not exist)">Florentiamys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hitonkala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hitonkala (page does not exist)">Hitonkala</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kirkomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kirkomys (page does not exist)">Kirkomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sanctimus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sanctimus (page does not exist)">Sanctimus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Heliscomyidae" title="Heliscomyidae">Heliscomyidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apletotomeus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apletotomeus (page does not exist)">Apletotomeus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heliscomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heliscomys (page does not exist)">Heliscomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Passaliscomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Passaliscomys (page does not exist)">Passaliscomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tylionomys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tylionomys (page does not exist)">Tylionomys</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Heteromyidae" title="Heteromyidae">Heteromyidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dipodomyinae" title="Dipodomyinae">Dipodomyinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Aurimys" title="Aurimys">Aurimys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dipodomys" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipodomys">Dipodomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Microdipodops" class="mw-redirect" title="Microdipodops">Microdipodops</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Heteromyinae" title="Heteromyinae">Heteromyinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Diprionomys" title="Diprionomys">Diprionomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Heteromys" title="Heteromys">Heteromys</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Metaliomys" title="Metaliomys">Metaliomys</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Perognathinae" title="Perognathinae">Perognathinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Chaetodipus" title="Chaetodipus">Chaetodipus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Perognathus" title="Perognathus">Perognathus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geomyidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Geomyidae">Geomyidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Entoptychinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Entoptychinae (page does not exist)">Entoptychinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Entoptychus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Entoptychus (page does not exist)">Entoptychus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gregorymys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gregorymys (page does not exist)">Gregorymys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pleurolicus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pleurolicus (page does not exist)">Pleurolicus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ziamys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ziamys (page does not exist)">Ziamys</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geomyinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Geomyinae">Geomyinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cratogeomys" title="Cratogeomys">Cratogeomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Geomys" title="Geomys">Geomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Heterogeomys" title="Heterogeomys">Heterogeomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Orthogeomys" class="mw-redirect" title="Orthogeomys">Orthogeomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pappogeomys" class="mw-redirect" title="Pappogeomys">Pappogeomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thomomys" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomomys">Thomomys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zygogeomys" class="mw-redirect" title="Zygogeomys">Zygogeomys</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Perognathus_fasciatus.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Perognathus fasciatus"><img alt="Perognathus fasciatus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Perognathus_fasciatus.jpg/140px-Perognathus_fasciatus.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Perognathus_fasciatus.jpg/210px-Perognathus_fasciatus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Perognathus_fasciatus.jpg/280px-Perognathus_fasciatus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2124" data-file-height="1104" /></a></span> <span style="display: inline-block; transform: scaleX(-1);"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Western_pocket_gopher.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Thomomys mazama"><img alt="Thomomys mazama" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Western_pocket_gopher.jpg/140px-Western_pocket_gopher.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Western_pocket_gopher.jpg/210px-Western_pocket_gopher.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Western_pocket_gopher.jpg/280px-Western_pocket_gopher.jpg 2x" data-file-width="366" data-file-height="216" /></a></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Dipodomys</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120094" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q120094">Q120094</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Dipodomys" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Dipodomys">Dipodomys</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Animal_Diversity_Web" title="Animal Diversity Web">ADW</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Dipodomys/">Dipodomys</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Barcode_of_Life_Data_System" title="Barcode of Life Data System">BOLD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=73570">73570</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/46G4">46G4</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/14120">14120</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/1DPDMG">1DPDMG</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/2439509">2439509</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/44098">44098</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1396142">1396142</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=180232">180232</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Mammal_Species_of_the_World" title="Mammal Species of the World">MSW</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?s=y&id=12700003">12700003</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=10016">10016</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=342249">342249</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Paleobiology_Database" title="Paleobiology Database">Paleobiology Database</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=41678">41678</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">uBio: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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