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class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Уҡыу көйләүҙәре"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Измените внешний вид страницы, размер, ширину и цвет шрифта." > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Уҡыу көйләүҙәре" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Уҡыу көйләүҙәре</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=ba" class=""><span>Иғәнә</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%98%D2%AB%D3%99%D0%BF_%D1%8F%D2%99%D1%8B%D1%83%D1%8B_%D1%8F%D2%BB%D0%B0%D1%83&returnto=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA+%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Мотлаҡ булмаһа ла, иҫәп яҙмаһы төҙөргә һәм системала танылырға тәҡдим итәбеҙ" class=""><span>Теркәлеү</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%83&returnto=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA+%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Бында теркәлеү үтергә була, әммә мотлаҡ түгел [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Танылыу</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Күберәк мөмкинлектәр" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Шәхси ҡоралдар" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Шәхси ҡоралдар</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Ҡатнашыусы менюһы" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=ba"><span>Иғәнә</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%98%D2%AB%D3%99%D0%BF_%D1%8F%D2%99%D1%8B%D1%83%D1%8B_%D1%8F%D2%BB%D0%B0%D1%83&returnto=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA+%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Мотлаҡ булмаһа ла, иҫәп яҙмаһы төҙөргә һәм системала танылырға тәҡдим итәбеҙ"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Теркәлеү</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%83&returnto=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA+%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Бында теркәлеү үтергә була, әммә мотлаҡ түгел [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Танылыу</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Танылмаған мөхәррирҙәр өсөн бит <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A0%D3%99%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5%D2%99" aria-label="Мөхәррирләү тураһында ентеклерәк"><span>Күберәк белергә</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D3%A8%D0%BB%D3%A9%D1%88%D3%A9%D0%BC" title="Был IP-адрестан яһалған төҙәтеүҙәр [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Өлөш</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D3%98%D2%A3%D0%B3%D3%99%D0%BC%D3%99_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="IP-адресығыҙ өсөн фекер алышыу бите [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Фекер алышыу</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003Eйәшерергә\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"sitenotice\" lang=\"ba\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Йөкмәткеһе" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Йөкмәткеһе</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">ҡабырға панеленә күсерергә</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">йәшерергә</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Башы</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Тарихи_белешмә" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Тарихи_белешмә"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Тарихи белешмә</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Тарихи_белешмә-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Бүлектәре" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Бүлектәре"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Бүлектәре</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Бүлектәре-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Шулай_уҡ_ҡарағыҙ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Шулай_уҡ_ҡарағыҙ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Шулай уҡ ҡарағыҙ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Шулай_уҡ_ҡарағыҙ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Иҫкәрмәләр" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Иҫкәрмәләр"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Иҫкәрмәләр</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Иҫкәрмәләр-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Әҙәбиәт" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Әҙәбиәт"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Әҙәбиәт</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Әҙәбиәт-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Йөкмәткеһе" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Йөкмәткене күрһәтергә/йәшерергә" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Йөкмәткене күрһәтергә/йәшерергә</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Аналитик геометрия</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Икенсе телдәге мәҡәләгә күсегеҙ. 75 телдә уҡырға була" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-75" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">75 тел</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analitiese_meetkunde" title="Analitiese meetkunde — африкаанс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Analitiese meetkunde" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африкаанс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analytische_Geometrie" title="Analytische Geometrie — швейцарский немецкий" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Analytische Geometrie" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="швейцарский немецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%A9_%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="هندسة تحليلية — арабский" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هندسة تحليلية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="স্থানাংক জ্যামিতি — ассамский" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="স্থানাংক জ্যামিতি" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="ассамский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xeometr%C3%ADa_anal%C3%ADtica" title="Xeometría analítica — астурийский" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Xeometría analítica" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analitik_h%C9%99nd%C9%99s%C9%99" title="Analitik həndəsə — азербайджанский" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Analitik həndəsə" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайджанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B3%D9%87" title="تحلیلی هندسه — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="تحلیلی هندسه" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Аналітычная геаметрыя — белорусский" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Аналітычная геаметрыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="белорусский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Аналітычная геамэтрыя — белорусский (тарашкевица)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Аналітычная геамэтрыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="белорусский (тарашкевица)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Аналитична геометрия — болгарский" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Аналитична геометрия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="болгарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="স্থানাঙ্ক জ্যামিতি — бенгальский" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="স্থানাঙ্ক জ্যামিতি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгальский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometria_anal%C3%ADtica" title="Geometria analítica — каталанский" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Geometria analítica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%95%DB%8C_%D8%B4%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%95" title="ئەندازەی شیکارانە — центральнокурдский" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئەندازەی شیکارانە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="центральнокурдский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analytick%C3%A1_geometrie" title="Analytická geometrie — чешский" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Analytická geometrie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чешский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%C4%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%C4%83_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Аналитикăллă геометри — чувашский" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Аналитикăллă геометри" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="чувашский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometreg_ddadansoddol" title="Geometreg ddadansoddol — валлийский" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Geometreg ddadansoddol" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="валлийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analytisk_geometri" title="Analytisk geometri — датский" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Analytisk geometri" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="датский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analytische_Geometrie" title="Analytische Geometrie — немецкий" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Analytische Geometrie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B3%CE%B5%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%84%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Αναλυτική γεωμετρία — греческий" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αναλυτική γεωμετρία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="греческий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analytic_geometry" title="Analytic geometry — английский" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Analytic geometry" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="английский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analitika_geometrio" title="Analitika geometrio — эсперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Analitika geometrio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometr%C3%ADa_anal%C3%ADtica" title="Geometría analítica — испанский" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Geometría analítica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anal%C3%BC%C3%BCtiline_geomeetria" title="Analüütiline geomeetria — эстонский" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Analüütiline geomeetria" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometria_analitiko" title="Geometria analitiko — баскский" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Geometria analitiko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B3%D9%87_%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C" title="هندسه تحلیلی — персидский" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هندسه تحلیلی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="персидский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analyyttinen_geometria" title="Analyyttinen geometria — финский" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Analyyttinen geometria" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="финский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A9om%C3%A9trie_analytique" title="Géométrie analytique — французский" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Géométrie analytique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="французский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geoim%C3%A9adracht_anail%C3%ADseach" title="Geoiméadracht anailíseach — ирландский" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Geoiméadracht anailíseach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xeometr%C3%ADa_anal%C3%ADtica" title="Xeometría analítica — галисийский" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Xeometría analítica" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галисийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%98%D7%99%D7%AA" title="גאומטריה אנליטית — иврит" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גאומטריה אנליטית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="иврит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E2%80%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF" title="वैश्‍लेषिक ज्यामिति — хинди" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="वैश्‍लेषिक ज्यामिति" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хинди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analiti%C4%8Dka_geometrija" title="Analitička geometrija — хорватский" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Analitička geometrija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хорватский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koordin%C3%A1tageometria" title="Koordinátageometria — венгерский" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Koordinátageometria" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="венгерский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%AF_%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AF%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B9%D5%A1%D6%83%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Անալիտիկ երկրաչափություն — армянский" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Անալիտիկ երկրաչափություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="армянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometri_analitis" title="Geometri analitis — индонезийский" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Geometri analitis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analitikala_geometrio" title="Analitikala geometrio — идо" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Analitikala geometrio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="идо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometria_analitica" title="Geometria analitica — итальянский" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Geometria analitica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="итальянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E6%9E%90%E5%B9%BE%E4%BD%95%E5%AD%A6" title="解析幾何学 — японский" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="解析幾何学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analitikal%C4%B1q_geometriya" title="Analitikalıq geometriya — каракалпакский" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Analitikalıq geometriya" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="каракалпакский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Аналитикалық геометрия — казахский" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Аналитикалық геометрия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казахский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%B4%EC%84%9D%EA%B8%B0%ED%95%98%ED%95%99" title="해석기하학 — корейский" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="해석기하학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корейский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Аналитикалык геометрия — киргизский" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Аналитикалык геометрия" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="киргизский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometria_analytica" title="Geometria analytica — латинский" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Geometria analytica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analizin%C4%97_geometrija" title="Analizinė geometrija — литовский" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Analizinė geometrija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литовский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anal%C4%ABtisk%C4%81_%C4%A3eometrija" title="Analītiskā ģeometrija — латышский" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Analītiskā ģeometrija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латышский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Аналитичка геометрија — македонский" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Аналитичка геометрија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF" title="വിശ്ലേഷകജ്യാമിതി — малаялам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വിശ്ലേഷകജ്യാമിതി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80" title="Аналитик геометр — монгольский" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Аналитик геометр" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="монгольский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analytische_meetkunde" title="Analytische meetkunde — нидерландский" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Analytische meetkunde" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нидерландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analytisk_geometri" title="Analytisk geometri — нюнорск" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Analytisk geometri" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="нюнорск" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analytisk_geometri" title="Analytisk geometri — норвежский букмол" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Analytisk geometri" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвежский букмол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometria_analityczna" title="Geometria analityczna — польский" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Geometria analityczna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="польский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometr%C3%ACa_anal%C3%ACtica" title="Geometrìa analìtica — Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Geometrìa analìtica" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometria_anal%C3%ADtica" title="Geometria analítica — португальский" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Geometria analítica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португальский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometrie_analitic%C4%83" title="Geometrie analitică — румынский" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Geometrie analitică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румынский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Аналитическая геометрия — русский" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Аналитическая геометрия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="русский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analytic_geometry" title="Analytic geometry — шотландский" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Analytic geometry" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="шотландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analiti%C4%8Dka_geometrija" title="Analitička geometrija — сербскохорватский" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Analitička geometrija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="сербскохорватский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analytic_geometry" title="Analytic geometry — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Analytic geometry" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analytick%C3%A1_geometria" title="Analytická geometria — словацкий" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Analytická geometria" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словацкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Аналитичка геометрија — сербский" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Аналитичка геометрија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сербский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analytisk_geometri" title="Analytisk geometri — шведский" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Analytisk geometri" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%88_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="பகுமுறை வடிவவியல் — тамильский" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பகுமுறை வடிவவியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамильский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BB%D3%A3" title="Ҳандасаи таҳлилӣ — таджикский" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҳандасаи таҳлилӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="таджикский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%8C" title="เรขาคณิตวิเคราะห์ — тайский" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เรขาคณิตวิเคราะห์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heometriyang_pasuri" title="Heometriyang pasuri — тагалог" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Heometriyang pasuri" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="тагалог" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analitik_geometri" title="Analitik geometri — турецкий" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Analitik geometri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Аналітична геометрія — украинский" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Аналітична геометрія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C_%DB%81%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B3%DB%81" title="تحلیلی ہندسہ — урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="تحلیلی ہندسہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analitik_geometriya" title="Analitik geometriya — узбекский" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Analitik geometriya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбекский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%ACnh_h%E1%BB%8Dc_gi%E1%BA%A3i_t%C3%ADch" title="Hình học giải tích — вьетнамский" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hình học giải tích" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="вьетнамский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E6%9E%90%E5%87%A0%E4%BD%95" title="解析几何 — у" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="解析几何" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="у" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E6%9E%90%E5%87%A0%E4%BD%95" title="解析几何 — китайский" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="解析几何" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="китайский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9D%90%E6%A8%99%E5%B9%BE%E4%BD%95" title="坐標幾何 — Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="坐標幾何" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E6%9E%90%E5%B9%BE%E4%BD%95" title="解析幾何 — кантонский" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="解析幾何" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:Collection&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA+%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F"><span>Китап төҙөү</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF форматында йөкләү</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&printable=yes" title="Биттең ҡағыҙға баҫтырыу өсөн өлгөһө [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Баҫтырыу өлгөһө</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Башҡа проекттарҙа </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Analytic_geometry" hreflang="en"><span>Викимилек</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q134787" title="Мәғлүмәт һаҡлағысына бәйле элементҡа һылтанма [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Викимәғлүмәт элементы</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Ҡоралдар"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Уҡыу көйләүҙәре"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Уҡыу көйләүҙәре</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">ҡабырға панеленә күсерергә</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">йәшерергә</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Википедия — ирекле энциклопедия мәғлүмәте</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ba" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Cartesian-coordinate-system.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Cartesian-coordinate-system.svg/200px-Cartesian-coordinate-system.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Cartesian-coordinate-system.svg/300px-Cartesian-coordinate-system.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Cartesian-coordinate-system.svg/400px-Cartesian-coordinate-system.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="661" data-file-height="654" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Декарт координаталар системаһы (был бит юҡ)">Декарт координаталар системаһы</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Аналити́к геоме́трия</b> — <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Геометрия">геометрияның</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0_(%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Фигура (геометрия) (был бит юҡ)">геометрик фигуралар</a> һәм уларҙың үҙсәнлектәре <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Алгебра">алгебра</a> саралары менән өйрәнелгән бүлеге. </p><p>Был ысулдың нигеҙендә <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Координаталар ысулы (был бит юҡ)">координаталар ысулы</a> тип аталған, беренсе башлап <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82,_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Декарт, Рене (был бит юҡ)">Декарт</a> 1637 йылда ҡулланған ысул ята. Һәр геометрик бәйләнешкә был ысул, фигураның йәки есемдең координаталарын бәйләүсе ниндәйҙер <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B5%D2%99%D0%BB%D3%99%D0%BC%D3%99" title="Тигеҙләмә">тигеҙләмәне</a> ярашлы ҡуя. Бындай геометрик үҙсәнлектәрҙе «алгебралаштырыу» ысулы үҙенең универсаль булыуын иҫбат итте һәм күп тәбиғәт фәндәрендә һәм техникала емешле ҡулланыла<sup id="cite_ref-Погорелов_А._В.—1968——7_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Погорелов_А._В.—1968——7-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Математикала аналитик геометрия шулай уҡ геометрияның башҡа бүлектәре өсөн нигеҙ булып тора — мәҫәлән, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%84%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дифференциаль геометрия (был бит юҡ)">дифференциаль</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Алгебраик геометрия">алгебраик</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Комбинаторлы геометрия (был бит юҡ)">комбинаторлы</a> һәм <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D2%AB%D3%99%D0%BF%D0%BB%D3%99%D2%AF_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D2%BB%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Иҫәпләү геометрияһы (был бит юҡ)">иҫәпләү геометрияһы</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Тарихи_белешмә"><span id=".D0.A2.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B8.D1.85.D0.B8_.D0.B1.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.B5.D1.88.D0.BC.D3.99"></span>Тарихи белешмә</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Тарихи белешмә бүлеген мөхәррирләргә" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үҙгәртергә</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&section=1" title="Тарихи белешмә бүлегенең сығанаҡ кодын мөхәррирләү"><span>сығанаҡты үҙгәртеү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Координаталар ысулы (был бит юҡ)">Координаталар</a> һәм <i>кәкере һыҙыҡ тигеҙләмәһе</i> идеяһы <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D2%93%D0%BE_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Боронғо Греция математикаһы (был бит юҡ)">боронғо гректарға</a> ла ят булмай. <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Архимед">Архимед</a>, һәм бигерәк тә <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Аполлоний Пергский (был бит юҡ)">Аполлоний Пергский</a>, үҙҙәренең яҙмаларында конус киҫелештәре <i>симптомдарын</i> килтерәләр, улар ҡайһы бер осраҡтарҙа беҙҙең тигеҙләмәләр менән тап киләләр. Әммә был идея ул осорҙа, боронғо грек алгебраһының түбән кимәле һәм тура һыҙыҡ менән әйләнәнән башҡа кәкере һыҙыҡтар менән артыҡ ҡыҙыҡһыныу булмау сәбәпле, артабан үҫеш алмай. </p><p>Аҙаҡ Европала <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Николай Орезмский (был бит юҡ)">Николай Орезмский</a> (XIV быуат) координаталы һүрәтләү (ваҡытҡа бәйле функция өсөн) ҡуллана, ул координаталарҙы, географик координаталарға оҡшаш рәүештә, оҙонлоҡ һәм киңлек тип атай. Был ваҡытҡа координаталар тураһында үҫешкән төшөнсә <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Астрономия">астрономияла</a> һәм <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="География">географияла</a> булған була. Хәл иткес аҙым, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%82,_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Виет, Франсуа (был бит юҡ)">Виет</a> (<a href="/wiki/XVI_%D0%B1%D1%8B%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%82" title="XVI быуат">XVI быуат</a>) тигеҙләмәләрҙе яҙыу өсөн символлы тел төҙөгәндән һәм системалы (символик) алгебраға баш һалғандан һуң яһала. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=1637_%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1637 йылдар (был бит юҡ)">1637 йылдар</a> тирәһендә <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0,_%D0%9F%D1%8C%D0%B5%D1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="Ферма, Пьер">Ферма</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD,_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мерсенн, Марен (был бит юҡ)">Мерсенн</a> аша «<i>Введение в изучение плоских и телесных мест</i>» мемуарын тарата, унда (Виет символикаһында) 2-се тәртиптәге төрлө кәкре һыҙыҡтарҙың <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D3%A9%D0%B9%D3%A9%D1%88%D0%BB%D3%A9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Тура мөйөшлө координаталар системаһы">тура мөйөшлө координаталарҙа</a> тигеҙләмәләрен яҙып сыға. Тигеҙләмәләрҙең күренешен ябайлаштырыу өсөн ул <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D2%99%D1%8B_%D2%AF%D2%99%D0%B3%D3%99%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D2%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Координаталарҙы үҙгәртеү (был бит юҡ)">координаталарҙы үҙгәртеүҙе</a> киң ҡуллана. Ферма, асыҡ итеп, таҙа геометрик ысулға ҡарағанда яңы ҡараш ни тиклем ябайыраҡ һәм емешлерәк икәнен күрһәтә. Ләкин Ферманың мемуары киң билдәлелек яуламай. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82,_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Декарт, Рене (был бит юҡ)">Декарттың</a> шул уҡ 1637 йылда баҫылып сыҡҡан, Фермаға бәйһеҙ рәүештә һәм күпкә тулыраҡ шул уҡ идеяларҙы үҫтергән «<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Геометрия (Декарт) (был бит юҡ)">Геометрияһының»</a> йоғонтоһо күпкә ҙурыраҡ була<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Декарт геометрияға кәкре һыҙыҡтарҙың киңерәк класын, шул иҫәптән «механик» (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Спираль (был бит юҡ)">спираль</a> һымаҡ <i>трансцендент</i>) индерә, һәм һәр кәкре һыҙыҡты билдәләүсе тигеҙләмә бар тип иғлан итә. Ул <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%BA%D3%99%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B5_%D2%BB%D1%8B%D2%99%D1%8B%D2%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Алгебраик кәкре һыҙыҡ (был бит юҡ)">алгебраик кәкре һыҙыҡтар</a> өсөн тигеҙләмәләр төҙөй һәм уларҙы классификациялай (һуңғараҡ <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D1%8C%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD,_%D0%98%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ньютон, Исаак (был бит юҡ)">Ньютон</a> тарафынан төплө итеп киренән эшләнә). Декарт кәкре һыҙыҡтарҙың төп характеристикалары <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Координаталар системаһы">координаталар системаһын</a> һайлауға бәйле түгеллеген һыҙыҡ өҫтөнә ала, ләкин иҫбат итмәй. </p><p>Декарттың координаталар системаһы хәҙерге менән сағыштырғанда әйләндереп ҡуйылға була (ординаталар күсәре горизонталь), һәм тиҫкәре координаталар ҡаралмай. «<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Абсцисса (был бит юҡ)">абсцисса</a></i>» һәм «<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ордината (был бит юҡ)">ордината</a></i>» терминдары һирәкләп төрлө авторҙарҙа осрай, ләкин тик <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86" class="mw-redirect" title="Лейбниц">Лейбниц</a> XVII быуат аҙағында «<i><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Координата">координата</a></i>» термины менән бергә уларҙы киң ҡулланыуға индерә. «<i>Аналитик геометрия</i>» атамаһы XVIII быуаттың иң аҙағында нығына. </p><p>Декарт «Геометрияға» яңы ысулдың сикһеҙ ҡеүәтен сағылдырыусы күп миҫалдар индерә, һәм боронғоларға билдәле булмаған күп һөҙөмтәләргә ирешә. Арауыҡта ҡулланылырға мөмкин булыуын да телгә ала, тик был идея унда үҫеш алмай. </p><p>Декарттың аналитик ысулын шунда уҡ <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD,_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ван Схотен, Франс (был бит юҡ)">ван Схоутен</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Валлис, Джон (был бит юҡ)">Валлис</a> һәм башҡа күп күренекле математиктар ҡулланыуға алалар. Улар «<i>Геометрияның</i>» идеяларына аңлатма бирәләр һәм тулыландыралар, уның етешһеҙлектәрен төҙәтәләр, яңы ысулды башҡа мәсьәләләрҙә ҡулланалар. Мәҫәлән, Валлис беренсе тапҡыр конус киҫелештәрен яҫы кәкре һыҙыҡ һымаҡ ҡарай (1655 йыл), шуның менән бергә, Декарттан айырмалы рәүештә, ул инде тиҫкәре абсциссаларҙы һәм ҡыя мөйөшлө координаталарҙы ҡуллана. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D1%8C%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD,_%D0%98%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ньютон, Исаак (был бит юҡ)">Ньютон</a> үҙенең анализ буйынса хеҙмәттәрендә координаталар ысулына таянып ҡына ҡалмай, ә Декарттың геометрик тикшеренеүҙәрен дауам итә. Ул 3-сө тәртиптәге кәкре һыҙыҡтарҙы классификациялай, уларҙы 4 типҡа һәм 58 төргә айыра; һуңғараҡ ул тағы ла 14 төр өҫтәй. Был һөҙөмтәләр яҡынса 1668 йылда алына, «Оптика»һы менән бергә 1704 йылда баҫылып сыға. Ньютондың координаталар системаһы хәҙергенән бер ни менән дә айырылмай инде. Һәр кәкре һыҙыҡ өсөн <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Диаметр (был бит юҡ)">диаметр</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D2%AF%D1%81%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Симметрия күсәре (был бит юҡ)">симметрия күсәре</a>, түбәһе, үҙәге, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Асимптота (был бит юҡ)">асимптотаһы</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B9%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%BD%D3%A9%D0%BA%D1%82%D3%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Айырым нөктә (был бит юҡ)">айырым нөктәләре</a> һәм башҡалар билдәләнә. </p><p>Үҙенең «<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D1%8C%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D2%A3_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D2%93%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ньютондың Башланғыстары (был бит юҡ)">Башланғыстарында</a></i>» Ньютон, координаталар һәм сикһеҙ бәләкәй төшөнсәләрен ҡулланмай, бөтәһен дә боронғолар алымында иҫбатларға тырышҡан; ләкин яңы ысулдың бер нисә ҡулланышы унда шулай ҙа бар. Аналитик геометрия уның «<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Универсаль арифметика (был бит юҡ)">Дөйөм арифметикаһында</a></i>» ҙур роль уйнай, әммә Ньютон күп осраҡта иҫбатлауҙар килтереүҙе кәрәк тип тапмай, бының менән аңлатма биреүселәрҙең ҙур армияһын оҙаҡ йылдарға эш менән тәьмин итә. </p><p>XVIII быуаттың беренсе яртыһында башлыса юғары тәртиптәге алгебраик кәкре һыҙыҡтарҙы өйрәнеү дауам итә; <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Стирлинг, Джеймс (был бит юҡ)">Стирлинг</a> Ньютон күрмәгән яңы 4 типты асыҡлай, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B9%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%BD%D3%A9%D0%BA%D1%82%D3%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Айырым нөктә (был бит юҡ)">айырым нөктәләр</a> асыҡлана һәм классификациялана. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE,_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Клеро, Алекси Клод (был бит юҡ)">Клеро</a> 1729 йылда <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D0%B7_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F%D2%BB%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Француз академияһы (был бит юҡ)">Париж академияһына</a> «Исследования о кривых двоякой кривизны» хеҙмәтен тәҡдим итә. Был китап асылда өс геометрик фәнгә башланғыс бирә: арауыҡта аналитик геометрияға, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%84%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дифференциаль геометрия (был бит юҡ)">дифференциаль геометрияға</a> һәм <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D2%BA%D1%8B%D2%99%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Һыҙма геометрия (был бит юҡ)">һыҙма геометрияға</a>. </p><p>Кәкре һыҙыҡтарҙың һәм йөҙҙәрҙең дөйөм һәм бик йөкмәткеле теорияһын (башлыса алгебраик) <a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80,_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="Эйлер, Леонард">Эйлер</a> тәҡдим итә. Үҙенең «<i>Введении в анализ бесконечно малых</i>» хеҙмәтендә (1748) ул 4-се тәртиптәге кәкре һыҙыҡтарҙың классификацияһын бирә һәм <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D3%99%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кәкрелек (был бит юҡ)">кәкрелек радиусын</a> нисек асыҡларға икәнен күрһәтә. Унда, уңайлы булған урында, ул ҡыйыш мөйөшлө координаталар йәки <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Поляр координаталар (был бит юҡ)">поляр координаталар</a> ҡуллана. Айырым бүлек алгебраик булмаған кәкре һыҙыҡтарға арнала. </p><p>XVIII быуаттың икенсе яртыһында аналитик геометрия, үҫешкән анализдың ҡеүәтле ярҙамын алып, яңы үрҙәр яулай (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B6,_%D0%96%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%84_%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Лагранж, Жозеф Луи (был бит юҡ)">Лагранж</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B6,_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Монж, Гаспар (был бит юҡ)">Монж</a>), әммә инде <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%84%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дифференциаль геометрия (был бит юҡ)">дифференциаль геометрияның</a> аппараты һымаҡ ҡарала. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Бүлектәре"><span id=".D0.91.D2.AF.D0.BB.D0.B5.D0.BA.D1.82.D3.99.D1.80.D0.B5"></span>Бүлектәре</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Бүлектәре бүлеген мөхәррирләргә" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үҙгәртергә</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&section=2" title="Бүлектәре бүлегенең сығанаҡ кодын мөхәррирләү"><span>сығанаҡты үҙгәртеү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Аналитик геометрияның төп бүлектәре (Н. В. Ефимовтың китабына ярашлы). </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Координаталар системаһы">Координаталар системаһы</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D3%A9%D0%B9%D3%A9%D1%88%D0%BB%D3%A9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Тура мөйөшлө координаталар системаһы">Тура мөйөшлө координаталар системаһы</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Поляр координаталар системаһы">Поляр координаталар системаһы</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D2%99%D1%8B_%D2%AF%D2%99%D0%B3%D3%99%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D2%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Координаталарҙы үҙгәртеү (был бит юҡ)">Координаталарҙы үҙгәртеү</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D2%BA%D1%8B%D2%99%D1%8B%D2%A1%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Һыҙыҡлы алгебра">Һыҙыҡлы алгебра</a> элементтары <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80_(%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Вектор (математика) (был бит юҡ)">Векторҙар</a> өҫтөндә һыҙыҡлы ғәмәлдәр</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D2%A1%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Векторлы ҡабатлау (был бит юҡ)">Векторҙарҙың ҡабатландығы</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0_(%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Матрица (математика) (был бит юҡ)">Матрицалар</a> һәм улар өҫтөндә ғәмәлдәр</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B4%D3%99%D0%BB%D3%99%D2%AF%D1%81%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Билдәләүсе (был бит юҡ)">Билдәләүселәр</a></li> <li>Кире матрица һәм <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D3%99%D1%80%D3%99%D0%B6%D3%99%D2%BB%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Матрица дәрәжәһе (был бит юҡ)">матрица дәрәжәһе</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D2%BA%D1%8B%D2%99%D1%8B%D2%A1%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B5%D2%99%D0%BB%D3%99%D0%BC%D3%99%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Һыҙыҡлы алгебраик тигеҙләмәләр системаһы">Һыҙыҡлы алгебраик тигеҙләмәләр системалары</a></li></ul></li> <li>Беренсе тәртиптәге <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D3%99%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B5_%D2%BB%D1%8B%D2%99%D1%8B%D2%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кәкре һыҙыҡ (был бит юҡ)">кәкре һыҙыҡтар</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D2%AB%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%A1_(%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Яҫылыҡ (геометрия) (был бит юҡ)">Яҫылыҡта</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0_%D2%BB%D1%8B%D2%99%D1%8B%D2%A1" title="Тура һыҙыҡ">тура һыҙыҡ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B" title="Евклид арауығы">Арауыҡта</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0_%D2%BB%D1%8B%D2%99%D1%8B%D2%A1" title="Тура һыҙыҡ">тура һыҙыҡ</a> һәм <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D2%AB%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%A1_(%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Яҫылыҡ (геометрия) (был бит юҡ)">яҫылыҡ</a></li></ul></li> <li>Икенсе тәртиптәге <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D3%99%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B5_%D2%BB%D1%8B%D2%99%D1%8B%D2%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кәкре һыҙыҡ (был бит юҡ)">кәкре һыҙыҡтар</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D3%98%D0%B9%D0%BB%D3%99%D0%BD%D3%99" title="Әйләнә">Әйләнә</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D2%AB%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Конус киҫелеше (был бит юҡ)">Конус киҫелеше</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Спираль (был бит юҡ)">Спираль</a></li> <li>Арауыҡ есемдәре <ul><li>Икенсе тәртиптәге <a href="/wiki/%D0%99%D3%A9%D2%99" title="Йөҙ">йөҙҙәр</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Цилиндр (был бит юҡ)">Цилиндр</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Сфера">Сфера</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Конус (был бит юҡ)">Конус</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80_(%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Шар (стереометрия) (был бит юҡ)">Шар</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Шулай_уҡ_ҡарағыҙ"><span id=".D0.A8.D1.83.D0.BB.D0.B0.D0.B9_.D1.83.D2.A1_.D2.A1.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B0.D2.93.D1.8B.D2.99"></span>Шулай уҡ ҡарағыҙ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Шулай уҡ ҡарағыҙ бүлеген мөхәррирләргә" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үҙгәртергә</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&section=3" title="Шулай уҡ ҡарағыҙ бүлегенең сығанаҡ кодын мөхәррирләү"><span>сығанаҡты үҙгәртеү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Алгебраик геометрия">Алгебраик геометрия</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%84%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дифференциаль геометрия (был бит юҡ)">Дифференциаль геометрия</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D2%BA%D1%8B%D2%99%D1%8B%D2%A1%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Һыҙыҡлы алгебра">Һыҙыҡлы алгебра</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D0%B8%D2%AB%D3%99%D0%BF%D0%BB%D3%99%D2%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Векторлы иҫәпләү (был бит юҡ)">Векторлы иҫәпләү</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Иҫкәрмәләр"><span id=".D0.98.D2.AB.D0.BA.D3.99.D1.80.D0.BC.D3.99.D0.BB.D3.99.D1.80"></span>Иҫкәрмәләр</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Иҫкәрмәләр бүлеген мөхәррирләргә" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үҙгәртергә</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&section=4" title="Иҫкәрмәләр бүлегенең сығанаҡ кодын мөхәррирләү"><span>сығанаҡты үҙгәртеү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small" style=""> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Погорелов_А._В.—1968——7-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Погорелов_А._В.—1968——7_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFПогорелов_А._В.1968">Погорелов А. В., 1968</a>, с. 7</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFStillwell2004"><span class="citation no-wikidata" data-wikidata-property-id="P1343"><i>Stillwell John.</i> <span data-wikidata-qualifier-id="P248">Analytic Geometry</span> // Mathematics and its History. — Second Edition. — Springer Science + Business Media Inc., 2004. — P. 105. — <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BF_%D1%81%D1%8B%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B/0387953361" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-387-95336-1</a>.</span></cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFCooke1997"><span class="citation no-wikidata" data-wikidata-property-id="P1343"><i>Cooke Roger.</i> <span data-wikidata-qualifier-id="P248">The Calculus</span> // The History of Mathematics: A Brief Course. — Wiley-Interscience, 1997. — P. 326. — <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BF_%D1%81%D1%8B%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B/0471180823" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-471-18082-3</a>.</span></cite></span> </li> </ol> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Әҙәбиәт"><span id=".D3.98.D2.99.D3.99.D0.B1.D0.B8.D3.99.D1.82"></span>Әҙәбиәт</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Әҙәбиәт бүлеген мөхәррирләргә" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үҙгәртергә</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&section=5" title="Әҙәбиәт бүлегенең сығанаҡ кодын мөхәррирләү"><span>сығанаҡты үҙгәртеү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Бортаковский А. С., Пантелеев А. В.</i> Аналитическая геометрия в примерах и задачах: Учеб. пособие. — М.: Высш. шк., 2005. — 496 с. (Серия «Прикладная математика»).</li> <li><span class="citation no-wikidata" data-wikidata-property-id="P1343"><i>Веселов А. П., Троицкий Е. В.</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lib.mexmat.ru/books/13428">Лекции по аналитической геометрии</a>. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default;" title="Санкт-Петербург">СПб.</span>: Лань, 2003. — 160 с.</span></li> <li><span class="citation no-wikidata" data-wikidata-property-id="P1343"><i>Делоне Б. Н., Райков Д. А.</i> Аналитическая геометрия, в двух томах. — М., Л.: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гостехиздат (был бит юҡ)">Гостехиздат</a>, 1948, 1949.</span></li> <li><span class="citation no-wikidata" data-wikidata-property-id="P1343"><i>Ильин В. А., Позняк Э. Г.</i> Аналитическая геометрия. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default" title="Москва">М</span>.: ФИЗМАТЛИТ, 2002. — 240 с.</span></li> <li>История математики под редакцией <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87,_%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Юшкевич, Адольф Павлович (был бит юҡ)">А. П. Юшкевича</a> в трёх томах. <ul><li><span class="citation no-wikidata" data-wikidata-property-id="P1343" id="CITEREFИстория_математики,_том_I1970"><span data-wikidata-qualifier-id="P248"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ilib.mccme.ru/djvu/istoria/istmat1.htm">История математики. С древнейших времен до начала Нового времени</a></span> // История математики / Под редакцией <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87,_%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Юшкевич, Адольф Павлович (был бит юҡ)">А. П. Юшкевича</a>, в трёх томах. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default" title="Москва">М</span>.: Наука, 1970. — Т. I.</span></li> <li><span class="citation no-wikidata" data-wikidata-property-id="P1343" id="CITEREFИстория_математики,_том_II1970"><span data-wikidata-qualifier-id="P248"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ilib.mccme.ru/djvu/istoria/istmat2.htm">Математика XVII столетия</a></span> // История математики / Под редакцией <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87,_%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Юшкевич, Адольф Павлович (был бит юҡ)">А. П. Юшкевича</a>, в трёх томах. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default" title="Москва">М</span>.: Наука, 1970. — Т. II.</span></li> <li><span class="citation no-wikidata" data-wikidata-property-id="P1343" id="CITEREFИстория_математики,_том_III1972"><span data-wikidata-qualifier-id="P248"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ilib.mccme.ru/djvu/istoria/istmat3.htm">Математика XVIII столетия</a></span> // История математики / Под редакцией <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AE%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87,_%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Юшкевич, Адольф Павлович (был бит юҡ)">А. П. Юшкевича</a>, в трёх томах. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default" title="Москва">М</span>.: Наука, 1972. — Т. III.</span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="citation no-wikidata" data-wikidata-property-id="P1343"><i>Канатников А. Н., Крищенко А. П.</i> Аналитическая геометрия. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default" title="Москва">М</span>.: Издательство МГТУ им. Н.Э. Баумана, 2002. — 388 с. — <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BF_%D1%81%D1%8B%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B/5703816718" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 5-7038-1671-8</a>.</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9-%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9,_%D0%94%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%94%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мордухай-Болтовской, Дмитрий Дмитриевич (был бит юҡ)"><i>Мордухай-Болтовской Д. Д.</i></a> <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Interwiki_map/discontinued#Wikilivres" class="extiw" title="wikilivres:Из прошлого аналитической геометрии">Из прошлого аналитической геометрии</a> // Труды института истории естествознании Акад. наук СССР, 1952, т. 4, с. 217-235.</li> <li><span class="citation no-wikidata" data-wikidata-property-id="P1343" id="CITEREFПогорелов_А._В.1968"><i>Погорелов А. В.</i> Аналитическая геометрия. — 3-е изд.. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default" title="Москва">М</span>.: Наука, 1968. — 176 с.</span></li></ul> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D2%A0%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BF:%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ҡалып:Разделы математики (был бит юҡ)">Ҡалып:Разделы математики</a> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">«<a dir="ltr" href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Аналитик_геометрия&oldid=860352">https://ba.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Аналитик_геометрия&oldid=860352</a>» битенән алынған</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Махсус:Категориялар">Категория</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Категория:Аналитик геометрия">Аналитик геометрия</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Йәшерелгән категория: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:ISBN_%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D2%BB%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BC%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D2%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%82%D3%99%D1%80" title="Категория:ISBN серле һылтанмаһын ҡулланған биттәр">ISBN серле һылтанмаһын ҡулланған биттәр</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Был бит һуңғы тапҡыр 16:26 15 ғинуар 2019 үҙгәртелгән.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Текст <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a> буйынса рөхсәт ителгән; өҫтәмә шарттар ҡулланылыуы мөмкин. 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