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main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/production-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-198" >Production and Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/product-quality" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-201" >Product Quality</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/nutrition-and-feeding" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-204" >Nutrition and Feeding</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/health-and-care" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-207" >Health and Care</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/reproduction-and-genetics" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-210" >Reproduction and Genetics</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/manure-and-nutrient-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-213" >Manure and Nutrient Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/facilities-and-technology" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-216" >Facilities and Technology</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-219" >Personal Safety </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-222" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-243" >Goats</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Goats</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-243"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/production-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-246" >Production and Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/product-quality" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-249" >Product Quality</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/nutrition-and-feeding" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-252" >Nutrition and Feeding</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/health-and-care" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-255" >Health and Care</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/reproduction-and-genetics" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-258" >Reproduction and Genetics</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/manure-and-nutrient-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-261" >Manure and Nutrient Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/facilities-and-technology" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-264" >Facilities and Technology</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-267" >Personal Safety </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-270" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-291" >Sheep</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Sheep</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-291"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/production-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-294" >Production and Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/product-quality" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-297" >Product Quality</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/nutrition-and-feeding" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-300" >Nutrition and Feeding</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/health-and-care" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-303" >Health and Care</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/reproduction-and-genetics" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-306" >Reproduction and Genetics</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/manure-and-nutrient-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-309" >Manure and Nutrient Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/facilities-and-technology" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-312" >Facilities and Technology</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-315" >Personal Safety</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-318" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/llamas-and-alpacas" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-339" >Llamas and Alpacas</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Llamas and Alpacas</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-339"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/llamas-and-alpacas" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/llamas-and-alpacas/nutrition-and-feeding" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-348" >Nutrition and Feeding</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/llamas-and-alpacas/health-and-care" class="main-menu__inner-link current menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-351" >Health and Care</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/llamas-and-alpacas/manure-and-nutrient-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-357" >Manure and Nutrient Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/llamas-and-alpacas/facilities-and-technology" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-360" >Facilities and Technology</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/llamas-and-alpacas/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-366" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/canine" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-2608" >Canine</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Canine</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-2608"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/canine" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/canine/nutrition-and-feeding" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2611" >Nutrition and Feeding</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/canine/behavior-and-welfare" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2614" >Behavior and Welfare</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/canine/health-and-care" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2617" >Health and Care</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/canine/reproduction-and-genetics" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2620" >Reproduction and Genetics</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__item  main-menu__item--parent level0"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops" class="main-menu__link menu-link-level-0" data-menu="menu-387" >Forage and Food Crops </a> </div><div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div class="back" data-role="back"><span>Forage and Food Crops </span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div> <div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level1" data-menu="menu-387"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level1 1"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-0" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-390" >Agronomic Crops</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Agronomic Crops</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-390"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/production-and-harvesting" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-393" >Production and Harvesting</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/species-and-varieties" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-396" >Species and Varieties</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/soil-fertility-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-399" >Soil Fertility and Management </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-402" >Pests and Diseases</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/weed-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-405" >Weed Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/organic-production" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-408" >Organic Production</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/sustainable-agriculture" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-411" >Sustainable Agriculture</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-414" >Personal Safety</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-417" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-438" >Cover Crops</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Cover Crops</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-438"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/production-and-harvesting" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-441" >Production and Harvesting</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/species-and-varieties" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-444" >Species and Varieties</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/soil-fertility-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-447" >Soil Fertility and Management </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-450" >Pests and Diseases</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/weed-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-453" >Weed Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/organic-production" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-456" >Organic Production</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/sustainable-agriculture" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-459" >Sustainable Agriculture</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-462" >Personal Safety</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-465" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-483" >Forages</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Forages</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-483"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/production-and-harvesting" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-486" >Production and Harvesting</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/species-and-varieties" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-489" >Species and Varieties</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/soil-fertility-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-492" >Soil Fertility and Management </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/forage-quality-and-testing" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-495" >Forage Quality and Testing</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-498" >Pests and Diseases</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/weed-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-501" >Weed Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/organic-production" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-504" >Organic Production</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/sustainable-agriculture" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-507" >Sustainable Agriculture</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-510" >Personal Safety</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-513" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-537" >Fruit</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Fruit</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-537"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/production-and-harvesting" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-540" >Production and Harvesting</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/cultivars-and-rootstocks" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-543" >Cultivars and Rootstocks</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/soil-fertility-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-546" >Soil Fertility and Management </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-549" >Pests and Diseases</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/weed-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-552" >Weed Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/organic-production" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-555" >Organic Production</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/sustainable-agriculture" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-558" >Sustainable Agriculture</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-561" >Personal Safety</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-564" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/mushrooms" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-636" >Mushrooms</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Mushrooms</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-636"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/mushrooms" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/mushrooms/production-and-harvesting" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-639" >Production and Harvesting</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/mushrooms/substrate-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-645" >Substrate Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/mushrooms/pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-648" >Pests and Diseases</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/mushrooms/food-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-651" >Food Safety</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/mushrooms/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-657" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-585" >Vegetables</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Vegetables</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-585"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/production-and-harvesting" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-588" >Production and Harvesting</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/species-and-varieties" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-591" >Species and Varieties</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/soil-fertility-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-594" >Soil Fertility and Management </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-597" >Pests and Diseases</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/weed-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-600" >Weed Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/organic-production" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-603" >Organic Production</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/sustainable-agriculture" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-606" >Sustainable Agriculture</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-609" >Personal Safety</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-612" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__item  main-menu__item--parent level0"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping" class="main-menu__link menu-link-level-0" data-menu="menu-675" >Trees, Lawns, and Landscaping</a> </div><div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div class="back" data-role="back"><span>Trees, Lawns, and Landscaping</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div> <div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level1" data-menu="menu-675"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level1 1"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-0" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/aquatic-plants-and-algae" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-2431" >Aquatic Plants and Algae</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Aquatic Plants and Algae</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-2431"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/aquatic-plants-and-algae" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/aquatic-plants-and-algae/species-and-varieties" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-828" >Species and Varieties</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/aquatic-plants-and-algae/pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-831" >Pests and Diseases</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/aquatic-plants-and-algae/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-837" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/christmas-trees" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-2434" >Christmas Trees</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Christmas Trees</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-2434"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/christmas-trees" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/christmas-trees/production-and-harvesting" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-909" >Production and Harvesting</a> </div></li> <li 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class="featured-product-item-details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="806"></span> Online Courses</div> <h2 class="featured-product-item-name product-item-name"><a title="Pruning Ornamental Trees and Shrubs" href="https://extension.psu.edu/pruning-ornamental-trees-and-shrubs">Pruning Ornamental Trees and Shrubs</a></h2><div class="featured-product-item-description">This online course for beginning landscapers and home gardeners covers pruning basics: how trees and shrubs grow, when and how to prune, and safety and tools.</div><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/pruning-ornamental-trees-and-shrubs" class="product-item-link">Read More</a></div></div></div></div></div></div><div data-content-type="row" data-appearance="contained" data-element="main"><div data-enable-parallax="0" data-parallax-speed="0.5" data-background-images="{}" data-background-type="image" data-video-loop="true" data-video-play-only-visible="true" data-video-lazy-load="true" data-video-fallback-src="" data-element="inner" data-pb-style="D12E2LQ"><div data-content-type="divider" data-appearance="default" data-element="main"><hr data-element="line" data-pb-style="DO969H8"></div></div></div><div data-content-type="row" data-appearance="full-width" data-enable-parallax="0" data-parallax-speed="0.5" data-background-images="{}" data-background-type="image" data-video-loop="true" data-video-play-only-visible="true" data-video-lazy-load="true" data-video-fallback-src="" data-element="main" data-pb-style="V3FYJQC"><div class="row-full-width-inner" data-element="inner"><div data-content-type="products" data-grid-title="Latest News" data-grid-link="/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/trees-and-shrubs/see-all-trees-and-shrubs?education_format=News" data-grid-link-text="See All News" data-appearance="linked-product-grid-small" data-element="main"> <div class="block widget block-products-list grid"> <div class="title-with-link"><h2>Latest News</h2><a href="/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/trees-and-shrubs/see-all-trees-and-shrubs?education_format=News" title="See All News">See All News</a></div> <div class="block-content"> <div class="small-products-grid grid"><ol class="product-items widget-product-grid"> <li class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/the-long-term-impact-of-drought-on-trees-and-shrubs" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-64213-67441c32240bc"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/3/4/34d01a88e9a1dde364d7c9acafd1d658.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=176&width=252&canvas=252:176&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/3/4/34d01a88e9a1dde364d7c9acafd1d658.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=176&width=252&canvas=252:176&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/3/4/34d01a88e9a1dde364d7c9acafd1d658.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=176&width=252&canvas=252:176" loading="lazy" width="252" height="176" alt="This flowering dogwood shows symptoms of extreme drought. Credit: John Ruter, University of Georgia, Bugwood.org"></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-6421367441c32240bc { width: 252px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 252 / 176; } .product-image-container-6421367441c32240bc span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-6421367441c32240bc span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 69.84126984127%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="606"></span> <span>News</span></div></div> <h5 class="product-item-name"><a title="The Long Term Impact of Drought on Trees and Shrubs" href="https://extension.psu.edu/the-long-term-impact-of-drought-on-trees-and-shrubs" class="product-item-link">The Long Term Impact of Drought on Trees and Shrubs</a></h5></div></div> </li><li class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/2024-green-industry-current-issues-for-june" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-62202-67441c3224a5b"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/0/b/0bb55b4dd8b72f8a564772eb7e6ecc22.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=176&width=252&canvas=252:176&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/0/b/0bb55b4dd8b72f8a564772eb7e6ecc22.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=176&width=252&canvas=252:176&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/0/b/0bb55b4dd8b72f8a564772eb7e6ecc22.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=176&width=252&canvas=252:176" loading="lazy" width="252" height="176" alt="Figure 1. Yellow poplar weevil damage to sassafras. Photo: Sandy Feather, Penn State"></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-6220267441c3224a5b { width: 252px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 252 / 176; } .product-image-container-6220267441c3224a5b span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-6220267441c3224a5b span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 69.84126984127%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="606"></span> <span>News</span></div></div> <h5 class="product-item-name"><a title="2024 Green Industry Current Issues for June" href="https://extension.psu.edu/2024-green-industry-current-issues-for-june" class="product-item-link">2024 Green Industry Current Issues for June</a></h5></div></div> </li><li class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/2024-green-industry-current-issues-for-may" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-60916-67441c32253a9"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/9/3/93582f29076d1210ad8bbc5db1e220c0.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=176&width=252&canvas=252:176&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/9/3/93582f29076d1210ad8bbc5db1e220c0.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=176&width=252&canvas=252:176&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/9/3/93582f29076d1210ad8bbc5db1e220c0.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=176&width=252&canvas=252:176" loading="lazy" width="252" height="176" alt="Figure 1. Spongy moth have hatched out in Pennsylvania and are still in the early stages of growth, an excellent time for insecticides to be effective. Photo: Tom Butzler, Penn State Extension"></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-6091667441c32253a9 { width: 252px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 252 / 176; } .product-image-container-6091667441c32253a9 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-6091667441c32253a9 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 69.84126984127%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="606"></span> <span>News</span></div></div> <h5 class="product-item-name"><a title="2024 Green Industry Current Issues for May" href="https://extension.psu.edu/2024-green-industry-current-issues-for-may" class="product-item-link">2024 Green Industry Current Issues for May</a></h5></div></div> </li><li class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/2024-green-industry-current-issues-for-april" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-59536-67441c3225cc8"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/4/c/4c4e5abff4c05bd9aeda1f4738cec8e8.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=176&width=252&canvas=252:176&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/4/c/4c4e5abff4c05bd9aeda1f4738cec8e8.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=176&width=252&canvas=252:176&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/4/c/4c4e5abff4c05bd9aeda1f4738cec8e8.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=176&width=252&canvas=252:176" loading="lazy" width="252" height="176" alt="Figure 1. Japanese barberry in a Pennsylvania wooded landscape. Photo: Tim Abbey, Penn State"></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-5953667441c3225cc8 { width: 252px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 252 / 176; } .product-image-container-5953667441c3225cc8 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-5953667441c3225cc8 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 69.84126984127%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="606"></span> <span>News</span></div></div> <h5 class="product-item-name"><a title="2024 Green Industry Current Issues for April" href="https://extension.psu.edu/2024-green-industry-current-issues-for-april" class="product-item-link">2024 Green Industry Current Issues for April</a></h5></div></div> </li><li class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/winter-scouting-for-ornamental-plant-problems" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-44283-67441c3226578"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/2/0/20cd2aef4e3153ff0fbdca234df94457.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=176&width=252&canvas=252:176&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/2/0/20cd2aef4e3153ff0fbdca234df94457.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=176&width=252&canvas=252:176&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/2/0/20cd2aef4e3153ff0fbdca234df94457.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=176&width=252&canvas=252:176" loading="lazy" width="252" height="176" alt="Photo: Viburnum leaf beetle egg masses on a twig. Paul Weston, Cornell University, Bugwood.org"></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-4428367441c3226578 { width: 252px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 252 / 176; } .product-image-container-4428367441c3226578 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-4428367441c3226578 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 69.84126984127%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="606"></span> <span>News</span></div></div> <h5 class="product-item-name"><a title="Winter Scouting for Ornamental Plant Problems" href="https://extension.psu.edu/winter-scouting-for-ornamental-plant-problems" class="product-item-link">Winter Scouting for Ornamental Plant Problems</a></h5></div></div> </li><li class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/master-watershed-steward-native-tree-and-shrub-sale" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-29872-67441c3226e68"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/3/6/368336039a988937a5f3e185f3b49d47.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=176&width=252&canvas=252:176&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/3/6/368336039a988937a5f3e185f3b49d47.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=176&width=252&canvas=252:176&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/3/6/368336039a988937a5f3e185f3b49d47.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=176&width=252&canvas=252:176" loading="lazy" width="252" height="176" alt="A closeup of a snowberry shrub, a species offered in the 2024 sale. Image credit: Beth Yount, Penn State"></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-2987267441c3226e68 { width: 252px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 252 / 176; } .product-image-container-2987267441c3226e68 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-2987267441c3226e68 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 69.84126984127%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="606"></span> <span>News</span></div></div> <h5 class="product-item-name"><a title="Master Watershed Steward Native Tree and Shrub Sale" href="https://extension.psu.edu/master-watershed-steward-native-tree-and-shrub-sale" class="product-item-link">Master Watershed Steward Native Tree and Shrub Sale</a></h5></div></div></li> </ol></div></div></div></div></div></div><div data-content-type="row" data-appearance="contained" data-element="main"><div data-enable-parallax="0" data-parallax-speed="0.5" data-background-images="{}" data-background-type="image" data-video-loop="true" data-video-play-only-visible="true" data-video-lazy-load="true" data-video-fallback-src="" data-element="inner" data-pb-style="IIBMFJK"><div data-content-type="block" data-appearance="default" data-element="main"> <div class="widget block block-static-block"><style>#html-body [data-pb-style=GF5BSFF],#html-body [data-pb-style=MP5KBA8]{background-position:left top;background-size:cover;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-attachment:scroll}#html-body [data-pb-style=GF5BSFF]{justify-content:flex-start;display:flex;flex-direction:column;margin:0;padding:0}#html-body [data-pb-style=MP5KBA8]{align-self:stretch}#html-body [data-pb-style=WOIK6DY]{display:flex;width:100%}#html-body [data-pb-style=FRVRSAN]{justify-content:flex-start;display:flex;flex-direction:column;background-position:left top;background-size:cover;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-attachment:scroll;width:58.3333%;margin:0;padding:20px 20px 0;align-self:stretch}#html-body [data-pb-style=FHS3LNC]{margin-bottom:20px}#html-body [data-pb-style=KQL27SP]{padding-bottom:20px}#html-body [data-pb-style=AEY50WA]{border-style:none}#html-body [data-pb-style=CS8BGTC],#html-body [data-pb-style=E7KDJR9]{max-width:100%;height:auto}#html-body [data-pb-style=R5UOXYR]{justify-content:flex-start;display:flex;flex-direction:column;background-position:left top;background-size:cover;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-attachment:scroll;width:41.6667%;margin:0;padding:0;align-self:stretch}@media only screen and (max-width: 768px) { #html-body [data-pb-style=AEY50WA]{border-style:none} }</style><div data-content-type="block" data-appearance="default" data-element="main"> <div class="widget block block-static-block"><div data-content-type="html" data-appearance="default" data-element="main" data-decoded="true"><style> .optin { border-top: #e98300 4px solid !important; background-color: #f6f8fc !important; margin: 20px 0px 20px 0px !imporant; } .l2Form { width: 90% !important; margin: 20px 20px 20px 20px; display: block; } #l2button { margin: 20px 20px -20px 20px !important; display: block; background-color: #329BE1 !important; padding: 8px 16px; color: #FFFFFF; border: none; } .signup .optin { clear: both; } .signup .optin h2 { display: none; } .optin img { display: none; } .signup .optin img { width: 100%; max-width: 500px !important; margin: 20px 0; display: block; } .optin .video-outer-wrapper { display: none; } .signup .optin .video-outer-wrapper { max-width: 100%; margin: 2em 0; display: block; } .signup .optin .video-inner-wrapper { position:relative; padding-bottom:56.25%; } .signup .optin .video-inner-wrapper iframe { position:absolute; top:0; left:0; width:100%; height:100%; border: none; } </style></div></div></div><div data-content-type="row" data-appearance="contained" data-element="main"><div class="optin" data-enable-parallax="0" data-parallax-speed="0.5" data-background-images="{}" data-background-type="image" data-video-loop="true" data-video-play-only-visible="true" data-video-lazy-load="true" data-video-fallback-src="" data-element="inner" data-pb-style="GF5BSFF"><div class="pagebuilder-column-group" data-background-images="{}" data-content-type="column-group" data-appearance="default" data-grid-size="12" data-element="main" data-pb-style="MP5KBA8"><div class="pagebuilder-column-line" data-content-type="column-line" data-element="main" data-pb-style="WOIK6DY"><div class="pagebuilder-column" data-content-type="column" data-appearance="full-height" data-background-images="{}" data-element="main" data-pb-style="FRVRSAN"><h2 data-content-type="heading" data-appearance="default" data-element="main">Stay Connected with the Green Industry Team!</h2><div data-content-type="text" data-appearance="default" data-element="main" data-pb-style="FHS3LNC"><p><span style="font-size: 18px;">Sign-up to receive news, upcoming event information, and the monthly e-newsletter.</span></p></div><div data-content-type="text" data-appearance="default" data-element="main" data-pb-style="KQL27SP"><p> Get the latest news and information on classes, workshops, publications, videos, and online and in-person events. Topics include landscape services/grounds management; turfgrass management; greenhouse, ornamental, and floriculture production; nursery and Christmas tree production; cut flowers, business planning; spotted lanternfly; workforce development; and more. </p></div><div data-content-type="text" data-appearance="default" data-element="main"><p>By entering your email, you consent to receive communications from Penn State Extension. <a href="https://www.psu.edu/web-privacy-statement/">View our privacy policy</a>.</p></div><figure data-content-type="image" data-appearance="full-width" data-element="main" data-pb-style="AEY50WA"><img class="pagebuilder-mobile-hidden" loading="lazy" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/wysiwyg/media-assets/sign-up/greeni.jpg" alt="Flowers in a garden" title="" width="" height="" stoplazyloading="0" data-element="desktop_image" data-pb-style="E7KDJR9"><img class="pagebuilder-mobile-only" loading="lazy" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/wysiwyg/media-assets/sign-up/greeni.jpg" alt="Flowers in a garden" title="" width="" height="" data-element="mobile_image" data-pb-style="CS8BGTC"></figure></div><div class="pagebuilder-column" data-content-type="column" data-appearance="full-height" data-background-images="{}" data-element="main" data-pb-style="R5UOXYR"><div data-content-type="html" data-appearance="default" data-element="main" data-decoded="true"><form action="https://cl.exct.net/DEManager.aspx" name="subscribeForm1" method="post" style="text-align:left;display:inline;" onsubmit="myButton.disabled = true; return true;"> <input type="hidden" name="_clientID" value="7234940"> <input type="hidden" name="_deExternalKey" value="5pxtuxeklvh6gehitnx0lv5311v2"> <input type="hidden" name="_action" value="add"> <input type="hidden" name="_returnXML" value="0"> <input type="hidden" name="_successURL" value=""> <input type="hidden" name="_errorURL" value=""> <input name="urlSource" id="urlSource" value="" type="hidden"> <input name="TimeStamp" id="TimeStamp" value="" type="hidden"> <input name="TimeStampNew" id="TimeStampNew" value="" type="hidden"> <input type="hidden" name="CommercialTurfgrass" value="True" checked> <input type="hidden" name="CommercialTreesandShrubs" value="True" checked> <input type="hidden" name="CommercialOrnamentalsandFloriculture" value="True" checked> <input type="hidden" name="CommercialCutFlower" value="True" checked> <input type="hidden" name="CommercialGreenhouseandNursery" value="True" checked> <input class="l2Form" id="FirstName" type="text" name="FirstName" placeholder="First Name" required> <input class="l2Form" id="LastName" type="text" name="LastName" placeholder="Last Name" required> <input class="l2Form" id="emailInput" type="email" name="E-mail" placeholder="Email Address" required> <input class="l2Form" type="text" id="popupInput2" name="ZipCode" placeholder="Postal code" required maxlength="20"> <input id="l2button" type="submit" name="myButton" value="Sign up today!" class="button"><br><br> </form> </div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div data-content-type="row" data-appearance="full-width" data-enable-parallax="0" data-parallax-speed="0.5" data-background-images="{}" data-background-type="image" data-video-loop="true" data-video-play-only-visible="true" data-video-lazy-load="true" data-video-fallback-src="" data-element="main" data-pb-style="DXUUAHP"><div class="row-full-width-inner" data-element="inner"><div data-content-type="products" data-appearance="carousel" data-autoplay="false" data-autoplay-speed="4000" data-infinite-loop="false" data-show-arrows="true" data-show-dots="false" data-carousel-mode="default" data-grid-title="Featured Articles" data-slides-to-show="3" data-slides-to-scroll="1" data-center-padding="90px" data-element="main"> <div class="block-top-wrapper"><h2 class="block-title">Featured Articles</h2><div class="widget-navigation"></div></div><div class="products wrapper products-grid grid"><div class="product-items widget-product-carousel"> <div class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/drones-to-the-rescue-treating-a-historic-tree-for-spongy-moth" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-61072-67441c32455f4"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/1/7/17805d81b170f99217f9cdaa48d49bfa.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/1/7/17805d81b170f99217f9cdaa48d49bfa.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/1/7/17805d81b170f99217f9cdaa48d49bfa.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Figure 1. A drone from CNY Drone Services heads into the oak tree canopy. Photo: Vinnie Cotrone, Penn State"></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-6107267441c32455f4 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-6107267441c32455f4 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-6107267441c32455f4 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> <h5 class="product-item-name"><a title="Drones to the Rescue: Treating a Historic Tree for Spongy Moth" href="https://extension.psu.edu/drones-to-the-rescue-treating-a-historic-tree-for-spongy-moth" class="product-item-link">Drones to the Rescue: Treating a Historic Tree for Spongy Moth</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class="attribute authors"><span class="label">By </span><span class="value">Tom Butzler, Vincent Cotrone</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Integrating drones into pest management strategies, even at scales as small as a single tree, represents an evolution of agriculture and urban forestry.</div> </div></div> </div><div class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/there-is-a-predator-hiding-in-empty-spotted-lanternfly-eggs" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-51070-67441c3254d91"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/8/2/82e41a086736a517593ee1611dd5853c.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/8/2/82e41a086736a517593ee1611dd5853c.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/8/2/82e41a086736a517593ee1611dd5853c.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="A dustywing larva that hatched from a spent spotted lanternfly egg mass. Photo: Amy Korman, Penn State"></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-5107067441c3254d91 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-5107067441c3254d91 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-5107067441c3254d91 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> <h5 class="product-item-name"><a title="There Is a Predator Hiding in Empty Spotted Lanternfly Eggs" href="https://extension.psu.edu/there-is-a-predator-hiding-in-empty-spotted-lanternfly-eggs" class="product-item-link">There Is a Predator Hiding in Empty Spotted Lanternfly Eggs</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Meet the tiny predator, the dustywing!</div> </div></div> </div><div class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/underutilized-landscape-plants-lets-talk-native-perennials" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-35978-67441c325bb7f"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/f/5/f5815e41c3e3e434f5fb3e278770a742.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/f/5/f5815e41c3e3e434f5fb3e278770a742.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/f/5/f5815e41c3e3e434f5fb3e278770a742.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Figure 1. Aruncus dioicus along a garden path. Photo: Margaret Hoffman, Penn State"></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-3597867441c325bb7f { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-3597867441c325bb7f span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-3597867441c325bb7f span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> <h5 class="product-item-name"><a title="Underutilized Landscape Plants: Let's Talk Native Perennials" href="https://extension.psu.edu/underutilized-landscape-plants-lets-talk-native-perennials" class="product-item-link">Underutilized Landscape Plants: Let's Talk Native Perennials</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class="attribute authors"><span class="label">By </span><span class="value">Margaret Hoffman, Ph.D.</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">From an environmental perspective, an essential benefit of native plants is their role in benefitting pollinators and other wildlife. But they are also aesthetically pleasing in the landscape.</div> </div></div> </div><div class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/underutilized-landscape-plants-calycanthus-chinensis-x-occidentalis-aphrodite-and-calycanthus-x-raulstonii-hartlage-wine" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-34360-67441c3262c24"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/1/7/178854e59c4f750fd1b50c13f9df87a2.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/1/7/178854e59c4f750fd1b50c13f9df87a2.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/1/7/178854e59c4f750fd1b50c13f9df87a2.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Calycanthus (sinensis x occidentalis) 'Aphrodite'. Photo: Margaret Hoffman, Penn State"></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-3436067441c3262c24 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-3436067441c3262c24 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-3436067441c3262c24 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> <h5 class="product-item-name"><a title="Underutilized Landscape Plants: Calycanthus (chinensis x occidentalis) 'Aphrodite' and Calycanthus x raulstonii 'Hartlage Wine'" href="https://extension.psu.edu/underutilized-landscape-plants-calycanthus-chinensis-x-occidentalis-aphrodite-and-calycanthus-x-raulstonii-hartlage-wine" class="product-item-link">Underutilized Landscape Plants: Calycanthus (chinensis x occidentalis) 'Aphrodite' and Calycanthus x raulstonii 'Hartlage Wine'</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class="attribute authors"><span class="label">By </span><span class="value">Margaret Hoffman, Ph.D.</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">This beautiful shrub is a lovely addition to an understory planting, shrub border, or even native landscape.</div> </div></div> </div><div class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/underutilized-landscape-plants-fall-blooming-common-witch-hazel" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-32819-67441c3263a29"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/c/a/ca1af41d80a94d5eccd8dba32e2a3ac0.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/c/a/ca1af41d80a94d5eccd8dba32e2a3ac0.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/c/a/ca1af41d80a94d5eccd8dba32e2a3ac0.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Photo: Margaret Hoffman, Penn State"></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-3281967441c3263a29 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-3281967441c3263a29 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-3281967441c3263a29 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> <h5 class="product-item-name"><a title="Underutilized Landscape Plants: Fall Blooming Common Witch Hazel" href="https://extension.psu.edu/underutilized-landscape-plants-fall-blooming-common-witch-hazel" class="product-item-link">Underutilized Landscape Plants: Fall Blooming Common Witch Hazel</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class="attribute authors"><span class="label">By </span><span class="value">Margaret Hoffman, Ph.D.</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Looking for another large native shrub that creates a woodland edge effect? One that adds interest to the landscape when no other plants are blooming?</div> </div></div> </div><div class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/underutilized-landscape-plant-carpinus-caroliniana-american-hornbeam" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-32818-67441c32647ca"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/0/d/0d8f0c5d3401213f332c3d762285fc32.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/0/d/0d8f0c5d3401213f332c3d762285fc32.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/0/d/0d8f0c5d3401213f332c3d762285fc32.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Leaves of the American hornbeam. Photo: Mike Masiuk, Penn State"></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-3281867441c32647ca { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-3281867441c32647ca span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-3281867441c32647ca span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> <h5 class="product-item-name"><a title="Underutilized Landscape Plant: Carpinus Caroliniana - American Hornbeam" href="https://extension.psu.edu/underutilized-landscape-plant-carpinus-caroliniana-american-hornbeam" class="product-item-link">Underutilized Landscape Plant: Carpinus Caroliniana - American Hornbeam</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class="attribute authors"><span class="label">By </span><span class="value">Margaret Hoffman, Ph.D.</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">One of my favorite natives trees from back in my forestry days, is Carpinus caroliniana or American hornbeam, blue beech, or musclewood.</div> </div></div> </div><div class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/let-beneficial-insects-work-for-you" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-31760-67441c32655a3"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/6/5/65158e0513604d0ff9b4e0d35c32cc80.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/6/5/65158e0513604d0ff9b4e0d35c32cc80.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/6/5/65158e0513604d0ff9b4e0d35c32cc80.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Photo: Twice-stabbed lady beetle (Chilocorus stigma)(Say, 1835) Steven Katovich"></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-3176067441c32655a3 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-3176067441c32655a3 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-3176067441c32655a3 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> <h5 class="product-item-name"><a title="Let Beneficial Insects Work for You" href="https://extension.psu.edu/let-beneficial-insects-work-for-you" class="product-item-link">Let Beneficial Insects Work for You</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class="attribute authors"><span class="label">By </span><span class="value">Tim Abbey</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Next growing season, why not use some natural pest management? Any landscape, nursery, or greenhouse can contain a large number of beneficial insects and arachnids.</div> </div></div> </div><div class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/mulching-landscape-trees" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-19722-67441c326c438"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3777_1_2_1_262_1_23_1_28_2_11_2_2_2_38_1_94_7_2_24_46_6_414_49_21_45_2_25_15_1_9_1_18_9_6_5_1_21_3_29_8_2_1_13_5_1_1971.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3777_1_2_1_262_1_23_1_28_2_11_2_2_2_38_1_94_7_2_24_46_6_414_49_21_45_2_25_15_1_9_1_18_9_6_5_1_21_3_29_8_2_1_13_5_1_1971.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3777_1_2_1_262_1_23_1_28_2_11_2_2_2_38_1_94_7_2_24_46_6_414_49_21_45_2_25_15_1_9_1_18_9_6_5_1_21_3_29_8_2_1_13_5_1_1971.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Mulching Landscape Trees"></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-1972267441c326c438 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-1972267441c326c438 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-1972267441c326c438 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> <h5 class="product-item-name"><a title="Mulching Landscape Trees" href="https://extension.psu.edu/mulching-landscape-trees" class="product-item-link">Mulching Landscape Trees</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class="attribute authors"><span class="label">By </span><span class="value">David R. Jackson</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Mulches are materials placed over the soil surface to enhance landscape beauty, improve soil conditions, protect plants from foot traffic and lawn equipment, and suppress weeds.</div> </div></div> </div><div class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/winter-damage-to-trees-and-shrubs" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-18618-67441c3273192"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/4/2/42443ca91c45bfe6f9648eaee2a84ce3.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/4/2/42443ca91c45bfe6f9648eaee2a84ce3.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/4/2/42443ca91c45bfe6f9648eaee2a84ce3.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Snow damage on juniper. Photo credit Sandy Feather."></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-1861867441c3273192 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-1861867441c3273192 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-1861867441c3273192 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> <h5 class="product-item-name"><a title="Winter Damage to Trees and Shrubs" href="https://extension.psu.edu/winter-damage-to-trees-and-shrubs" class="product-item-link">Winter Damage to Trees and Shrubs</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Learn the best ways to prevent and remedy damage to trees and shrubs caused by ice and snow.</div> </div></div> </div><div class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/evergreen-shrubs-and-trees-for-pennsylvania" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-5367-67441c3273f76"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/e/2/e2d1511126dd4591c0cea76412808ed7.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/e/2/e2d1511126dd4591c0cea76412808ed7.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/e/2/e2d1511126dd4591c0cea76412808ed7.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Rhododendron spp. Photo: Ruth Benner, Penn State"></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-536767441c3273f76 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-536767441c3273f76 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-536767441c3273f76 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> <h5 class="product-item-name"><a title="Evergreen Shrubs and Trees for Pennsylvania" href="https://extension.psu.edu/evergreen-shrubs-and-trees-for-pennsylvania" class="product-item-link">Evergreen Shrubs and Trees for Pennsylvania</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class="attribute authors"><span class="label">By </span><span class="value">Rick Bates, Ph.D.</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">This article explains hardiness and site requirements, landscape use, and characteristics of selected evergreen plants.</div> </div></div> </div><div class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/landscaping-and-gardening-around-walnuts-and-other-juglone-producing-plants" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-5220-67441c327b04f"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/1/1/11aa07d3bd748e1cb07f7c78c68f8b2c.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/1/1/11aa07d3bd748e1cb07f7c78c68f8b2c.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/1/1/11aa07d3bd748e1cb07f7c78c68f8b2c.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Landscaping and Gardening Around Walnuts and Other Juglone Producing Plants"></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-522067441c327b04f { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-522067441c327b04f span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-522067441c327b04f span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> <h5 class="product-item-name"><a title="Landscaping and Gardening Around Walnuts and Other Juglone Producing Plants" href="https://extension.psu.edu/landscaping-and-gardening-around-walnuts-and-other-juglone-producing-plants" class="product-item-link">Landscaping and Gardening Around Walnuts and Other Juglone Producing Plants</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class="attribute authors"><span class="label">By </span><span class="value">Jim Sellmer, Ph.D.</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Walnuts and hickories produce the chemical juglone (5 hydroxy-1,4- napthoquinone), which is exuded from all parts of the plant.</div> </div></div> </div><div class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/hobbiest-gardening-growing-fruit-tree-plants-from-seed" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-4182-67441c3280a62"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/5/6/5623c2ed1bbccea7e1042bdc3e82d085.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/5/6/5623c2ed1bbccea7e1042bdc3e82d085.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/5/6/5623c2ed1bbccea7e1042bdc3e82d085.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Seeds from a Gala apple are not guaranteed to sprout another Gala apple tree. Grafting and budding allows you to get your desired variety. First, you will need to chill the seed for it to germinate, and you can do so by following one of three methods."></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-418267441c3280a62 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-418267441c3280a62 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-418267441c3280a62 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> <h5 class="product-item-name"><a title="Hobbiest Gardening: Growing Fruit Tree Plants from Seed" href="https://extension.psu.edu/hobbiest-gardening-growing-fruit-tree-plants-from-seed" class="product-item-link">Hobbiest Gardening: Growing Fruit Tree Plants from Seed</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class="attribute authors"><span class="label">By </span><span class="value">Rob Crassweller, Ph.D.</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Many people mistakenly believe that fruit trees come true to name from seeds, but the seeds from a fruit actually produce a new variety that is a hybrid of two plants.</div> </div></div> </div><div class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/tree-diseases-that-create-hazards" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-4020-67441c32862ff"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/6/b/6be0f1f2bdf8422f6b18d334deb04586.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/6/b/6be0f1f2bdf8422f6b18d334deb04586.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/6/b/6be0f1f2bdf8422f6b18d334deb04586.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Tree Diseases that Create Hazards"></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-402067441c32862ff { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-402067441c32862ff span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-402067441c32862ff span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> <h5 class="product-item-name"><a title="Tree Diseases that Create Hazards" href="https://extension.psu.edu/tree-diseases-that-create-hazards" class="product-item-link">Tree Diseases that Create Hazards</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class="attribute authors"><span class="label">By </span><span class="value">Gary W. Moorman, Ph.D.</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Certain diseases of trees weaken their structure and create a hazardous situation where serious damage could result from falling limbs or the toppling of the entire tree.</div> </div></div> </div><div class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/abiotic-diseases-of-woody-ornamentals" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-4006-67441c328b90c"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/0/f/0f7215973c267550dcbf1fe2906c9668.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/0/f/0f7215973c267550dcbf1fe2906c9668.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/0/f/0f7215973c267550dcbf1fe2906c9668.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Abiotic Diseases Of Woody Ornamentals"></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-400667441c328b90c { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-400667441c328b90c span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-400667441c328b90c span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> <h5 class="product-item-name"><a title="Abiotic Diseases Of Woody Ornamentals" href="https://extension.psu.edu/abiotic-diseases-of-woody-ornamentals" class="product-item-link">Abiotic Diseases Of Woody Ornamentals</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class="attribute authors"><span class="label">By </span><span class="value">Gary W. Moorman, Ph.D.</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Of the two major types of diseases of woody ornamentals—biotic and abiotic—abiotic diseases are by far the most important ones on landscape and nursery plants.</div> </div></div> </div><div class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/pruning-landscape-trees" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-3525-67441c328c692"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_1867.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_1867.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_1867.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Pruning Landscape Trees"></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-352567441c328c692 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-352567441c328c692 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-352567441c328c692 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> <h5 class="product-item-name"><a title="Pruning Landscape Trees" href="https://extension.psu.edu/pruning-landscape-trees" class="product-item-link">Pruning Landscape Trees</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class="attribute authors"><span class="label">By </span><span class="value">Julianne Schieffer, William Elmendorf, Ph.D.</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Proper pruning of landscape trees improves their structural strength, maintains their health, enhances their beauty, and increases their value.</div> </div></div> </div><div class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/spotted-lanternfly-what-to-look-for" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-2712-67441c3299229"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/f/d/fde57c0d6f22698a345928aa36e0214c.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/f/d/fde57c0d6f22698a345928aa36e0214c.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/f/d/fde57c0d6f22698a345928aa36e0214c.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Spotted Lanternfly: What to Look For"></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-271267441c3299229 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-271267441c3299229 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-271267441c3299229 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> <h5 class="product-item-name"><a title="Spotted Lanternfly: What to Look For" href="https://extension.psu.edu/spotted-lanternfly-what-to-look-for" class="product-item-link">Spotted Lanternfly: What to Look For</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Spotted Lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula, is a threat to Pennsylvania and the United States, and experts are still learning how to combat it.</div> </div></div> </div><div class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-shrubs-and-groundcovers-tolerant-of-wet-sites" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-2703-67441c3299fb5"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/2/1/21f5e10554816c7c3d8877df4a75bba3.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/2/1/21f5e10554816c7c3d8877df4a75bba3.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/2/1/21f5e10554816c7c3d8877df4a75bba3.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Trees, Shrubs, and Groundcovers Tolerant of Wet Sites"></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-270367441c3299fb5 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-270367441c3299fb5 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-270367441c3299fb5 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> <h5 class="product-item-name"><a title="Trees, Shrubs, and Groundcovers Tolerant of Wet Sites" href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-shrubs-and-groundcovers-tolerant-of-wet-sites" class="product-item-link">Trees, Shrubs, and Groundcovers Tolerant of Wet Sites</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class="attribute authors"><span class="label">By </span><span class="value">Jim Sellmer, Ph.D., J. Robert Nuss, Scott Guiser</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Very few plants will grow when soil is constantly saturated; however, some trees, shrubs, and ground covers are more tolerant of wet sites than others.</div> </div></div> </div><div class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/using-trees-and-shrubs-for-privacy-and-wind-screening" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-2701-67441c32a6a0b"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/c/6/c6c70a7e1cbbb611d26875554e144947.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/c/6/c6c70a7e1cbbb611d26875554e144947.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/c/6/c6c70a7e1cbbb611d26875554e144947.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Using Trees and Shrubs for Privacy and Wind Screening"></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-270167441c32a6a0b { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-270167441c32a6a0b span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-270167441c32a6a0b span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> <h5 class="product-item-name"><a title="Using Trees and Shrubs for Privacy and Wind Screening" href="https://extension.psu.edu/using-trees-and-shrubs-for-privacy-and-wind-screening" class="product-item-link">Using Trees and Shrubs for Privacy and Wind Screening</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class="attribute authors"><span class="label">By </span><span class="value">Jim Sellmer, Ph.D., Emelie Swackhamer</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Residences benefit from trees and shrubs planted specifically to block unwanted views or prevailing winds.</div> </div></div> </div><div class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/spruce-diseases" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-2647-67441c32ad6eb"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/c/e/cebe569d60ec849c8aa5b7f56086ac42.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/c/e/cebe569d60ec849c8aa5b7f56086ac42.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/c/e/cebe569d60ec849c8aa5b7f56086ac42.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Spruce Diseases"></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-264767441c32ad6eb { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-264767441c32ad6eb span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-264767441c32ad6eb span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> <h5 class="product-item-name"><a title="Spruce Diseases" href="https://extension.psu.edu/spruce-diseases" class="product-item-link">Spruce Diseases</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class="attribute authors"><span class="label">By </span><span class="value">Gary W. Moorman, Ph.D.</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Informational table showing disease name, symptoms, pathogen/cause, and management of Spruce diseases.</div> </div></div> </div><div class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/boxwood-diseases" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-2352-67441c32ae4fb"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/a/4/a4e6c817550d608dc568c9651c614f6b.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/a/4/a4e6c817550d608dc568c9651c614f6b.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/a/4/a4e6c817550d608dc568c9651c614f6b.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Boxwood Diseases"></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-235267441c32ae4fb { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-235267441c32ae4fb span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-235267441c32ae4fb span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> <h5 class="product-item-name"><a title="Boxwood Diseases" href="https://extension.psu.edu/boxwood-diseases" class="product-item-link">Boxwood Diseases</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class="attribute authors"><span class="label">By </span><span class="value">Gary W. Moorman, Ph.D.</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Informational table showing disease name, symptoms, pathogen/cause, and management of Boxwood diseases.</div> </div></div></div> </div></div></div></div></div><div data-content-type="row" data-appearance="full-width" data-enable-parallax="0" data-parallax-speed="0.5" data-background-images="{}" data-background-type="image" data-video-loop="true" data-video-play-only-visible="true" data-video-lazy-load="true" data-video-fallback-src="" data-element="main" data-pb-style="S7OMTB3"><div class="row-full-width-inner" data-element="inner"><div data-content-type="products" data-appearance="carousel" data-autoplay="false" data-autoplay-speed="4000" data-infinite-loop="false" data-show-arrows="true" data-show-dots="false" data-carousel-mode="default" data-grid-title="Keep Up With Regulations" data-slides-to-show="3" data-slides-to-scroll="1" data-center-padding="90px" data-element="main"> <div class="block-top-wrapper"><h2 class="block-title">Keep Up With Regulations</h2><div class="widget-navigation"></div></div><div class="products wrapper products-grid grid"><div class="product-items widget-product-carousel"> <div class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/spotted-lanternfly-permit-training" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-21080-67441c32c6b83"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3777_1_2_1_262_1_23_1_28_2_11_2_2_2_38_1_94_7_2_24_46_6_414_49_21_45_2_25_15_1_9_1_18_9_6_5_1_21_3_29_8_2_1_13_5_1_2615.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3777_1_2_1_262_1_23_1_28_2_11_2_2_2_38_1_94_7_2_24_46_6_414_49_21_45_2_25_15_1_9_1_18_9_6_5_1_21_3_29_8_2_1_13_5_1_2615.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3777_1_2_1_262_1_23_1_28_2_11_2_2_2_38_1_94_7_2_24_46_6_414_49_21_45_2_25_15_1_9_1_18_9_6_5_1_21_3_29_8_2_1_13_5_1_2615.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Spotted Lanternfly Permit Training for Businesses: Pennsylvania"></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-2108067441c32c6b83 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-2108067441c32c6b83 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-2108067441c32c6b83 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="806"></span> Online Courses</div> <h5 class="product-item-name"><a title="Spotted Lanternfly Permit Training for Businesses: Pennsylvania" href="https://extension.psu.edu/spotted-lanternfly-permit-training" class="product-item-link">Spotted Lanternfly Permit Training for Businesses: Pennsylvania</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class="attribute sections"><span class="label">Sections </span><span class="value">3</span></div> <div class="attribute length"><span class="label">Length </span><span class="value">2 hours</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Spotted lanternfly is an invasive insect that can damage many crops. Learn best practices to stop its spread. Businesses operating in the quarantine zone must have permits to move equipment and goods within and out of the zone.</div> <div class="price-box price-final_price" data-role="priceBox" data-product-id="21080" data-price-box="product-id-21080"> <p class="minimal-price"> <span class="price-container price-final_price tax weee"> <span class="price-label"> </span> <span id="old-price-21080-widget-product-carousel" data-price-amount="0" data-price-type="" class="price-wrapper "><span class="price">Free</span></span> </span> </p></div> </div></div> </div><div class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/pesticide-applicator-short-course-cat-6-7-10-23" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-17661-67441c32eb866"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/7/4/744c61b00c2031e8e934dbda33b26b58.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/7/4/744c61b00c2031e8e934dbda33b26b58.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/7/4/744c61b00c2031e8e934dbda33b26b58.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Pesticide Applicator Short Course (Core | Cat. 06, 07, 10, 23)"></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-1766167441c32eb866 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-1766167441c32eb866 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-1766167441c32eb866 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="811"></span> Workshops</div> <h5 class="product-item-name"><a title="Pesticide Applicator Short Course (Core | Cat. 06, 07, 10, 23)" href="https://extension.psu.edu/pesticide-applicator-short-course-cat-6-7-10-23" class="product-item-link">Pesticide Applicator Short Course (Core | Cat. 06, 07, 10, 23)</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class="attribute length"><span class="label">Length </span><span class="value">5 optional days, 6 hours each day</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Professionals can prepare in a classroom-style setting to take the certified pesticide applicator's exam. Register for your specific days of interest for Core and Categories 06, 07, 10, and 23 training.</div> <div class="price-box price-final_price" data-role="priceBox" data-product-id="17661" data-price-box="product-id-17661"> <p class="minimal-price"> <span class="price-container price-final_price tax weee"> <span class="price-label"></span> <span id="old-price-17661-widget-product-carousel" data-price-amount="0" data-price-type="" class="price-wrapper "><span class="price"></span></span> </span> </p></div> </div></div></div> </div></div></div></div></div><div data-content-type="row" data-appearance="contained" data-element="main"><div data-enable-parallax="0" data-parallax-speed="0.5" data-background-images="{}" data-background-type="image" data-video-loop="true" data-video-play-only-visible="true" data-video-lazy-load="true" data-video-fallback-src="" data-element="inner" data-pb-style="F1ULJGE"><div data-content-type="block" data-appearance="default" data-element="main"> <div class="widget block block-static-block"><style>#html-body [data-pb-style=AYUUEJC],#html-body [data-pb-style=UQD4TWC]{justify-content:flex-start;display:flex;flex-direction:column;background-position:left top;background-size:cover;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-attachment:scroll;margin:0}#html-body [data-pb-style=AYUUEJC]{background-color:#f6f8fc;border-color:#72a4a1;border-width:4px;padding:0}#html-body [data-pb-style=UQD4TWC]{width:83.3333%;padding:0 20px;align-self:stretch}#html-body [data-pb-style=VP1US9H]{padding-top:20px}#html-body [data-pb-style=Y1N9WXM]{margin-top:20px;padding-bottom:20px}#html-body [data-pb-style=LFTVTGT]{justify-content:flex-start;display:flex;flex-direction:column;background-position:left top;background-size:cover;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-attachment:scroll;width:16.6667%;margin:0;padding:0;align-self:stretch}#html-body [data-pb-style=SNRKXP9]{padding:20px 20px 20px 0;border-style:none}#html-body [data-pb-style=CXIYDBE],#html-body [data-pb-style=F8NBYNW]{max-width:100%;height:auto}@media only screen and (max-width: 768px) { #html-body [data-pb-style=SNRKXP9]{border-style:none} }</style><div data-content-type="html" data-appearance="default" data-element="main" data-decoded="true"><style> .expert-border{border-top:#5c9b96 4px solid;} </style></div><div data-content-type="row" data-appearance="contained" data-element="main"><div class="expert-border" data-enable-parallax="0" data-parallax-speed="0.5" data-background-images="{}" data-background-type="image" data-video-loop="true" data-video-play-only-visible="true" data-video-lazy-load="true" data-video-fallback-src="" data-element="inner" data-pb-style="AYUUEJC"><div data-content-type="text" data-appearance="default" data-element="main"></div><div class="pagebuilder-column-group" style="display: flex;" data-content-type="column-group" data-grid-size="12" data-element="main"><div class="pagebuilder-column" data-content-type="column" data-appearance="full-height" data-background-images="{}" data-element="main" data-pb-style="UQD4TWC"><div data-content-type="text" data-appearance="default" data-element="main" data-pb-style="VP1US9H"><h3><span style="font-size: 36px; line-height: 36px;">Your Challenges, Our Expertise</span></h3></div><div data-content-type="text" data-appearance="default" data-element="main"><p><span style="font-size: 20px; line-height: 20px;">Connect with us for the latest research-based knowledge and hands-on know-how. Find experts who will work with you in person or online to answer questions, solve problems, and seize opportunities.</span></p></div><div data-content-type="html" data-appearance="default" data-element="main" data-pb-style="Y1N9WXM" data-decoded="true"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/trees-and-shrubs/experts" class="experts-link"><span>Meet The Experts</span></a></div></div><div class="pagebuilder-column pagebuilder-mobile-hidden" data-content-type="column" data-appearance="full-height" data-background-images="{}" data-element="main" data-pb-style="LFTVTGT"><figure class="pagebuilder-mobile-hidden" data-content-type="image" data-appearance="full-width" data-element="main" data-pb-style="SNRKXP9"><img class="pagebuilder-mobile-hidden" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/wysiwyg/Meet_the_Experts_bigstock-409918480.png" alt="" title="" data-element="desktop_image" data-pb-style="F8NBYNW"><img class="pagebuilder-mobile-only" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/wysiwyg/Meet_the_Experts_bigstock-409918480.png" alt="" title="" data-element="mobile_image" data-pb-style="CXIYDBE"></figure></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div data-content-type="row" data-appearance="full-width" data-enable-parallax="0" data-parallax-speed="0.5" data-background-images="{}" data-background-type="image" data-video-loop="true" data-video-play-only-visible="true" data-video-lazy-load="true" data-video-fallback-src="" data-element="main" data-pb-style="Y4DS0EA"><div class="row-full-width-inner" data-element="inner"><div data-content-type="products" data-grid-title="Resources and Programs" data-appearance="read-more-product-grid" data-element="main"> <div class="block widget block-products-list grid"> <div class="title-with-link"><h2>Resources and Programs</h2></div> <div class="block-content"> <div class="read-more-products-grid grid"><ol class="product-items widget-product-grid">  <li class="product-item"> <h5 class="product-item-name"><a title="Agricultural Analytical Services Laboratory" href="https://agsci.psu.edu/aasl" class="product-item-link">Agricultural Analytical Services Laboratory</a></h5><div class="item-description"><div>AASL provides a wide range of testing programs for soils, water, plants, biosolids, and other agricultural materials.</div></div><a href="https://agsci.psu.edu/aasl" class="product-item-link">Read More</a>  </li><li class="product-item"> <h5 class="product-item-name"><a title="Insect Identification Lab" href="https://ento.psu.edu/about/contact/instructions-for-insect-identification-requests" class="product-item-link">Insect Identification Lab</a></h5><div class="item-description"><div>A service of the Department of Entomology that provides identification of insects.</div></div><a href="https://ento.psu.edu/about/contact/instructions-for-insect-identification-requests" class="product-item-link">Read More</a>  </li><li class="product-item"> <h5 class="product-item-name"><a title="Keeping It Green: A Podcast from Penn State Extension" href="https://extension.psu.edu/keeping-it-green" class="product-item-link">Keeping It Green: A Podcast from Penn State Extension</a></h5><div class="item-description"><div>Join our weekly podcast in which educators talk with ornamental plant professionals and enthusiasts who add beauty and function to our landscapes. Topics will range from design, installation and maintenance, plant selection, pests, and other current horticulture topics.</div></div><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/keeping-it-green" class="product-item-link">Read More</a>  </li><li class="product-item"> <h5 class="product-item-name"><a title="Learn More about the Spotted Lanternfly" href="https://extension.psu.edu/spotted-lanternfly" class="product-item-link">Learn More about the Spotted Lanternfly</a></h5><div class="item-description"><div>This landing page guides you through Penn State Extension's resources for learning more about the Spotted Lanternfly (SLF).</div></div><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/spotted-lanternfly" class="product-item-link">Read More</a> </li> </ol></div></div></div></div></div></div><div data-content-type="row" data-appearance="contained" data-element="main"><div data-enable-parallax="0" data-parallax-speed="0.5" data-background-images="{}" data-background-type="image" data-video-loop="true" data-video-play-only-visible="true" data-video-lazy-load="true" data-video-fallback-src="" data-element="inner" data-pb-style="QN21A41"><div data-content-type="text" data-appearance="default" data-element="main"></div></div></div></div> <div id="ajaxlogin-popup" data-bind="scope:'ajaxLogin'" style="display: none;"></div><input name="form_key" type="hidden" value="OpLgNszJBvzs0QlG" /> <div id="authenticationPopup" data-bind="scope:'authenticationPopup', style: {display: 'none'}">  </div> <div class="category-description"><p>Use Penn State Extension’s vast collection of resources to help hone your tree and shrub growing skills. Discover educational content on pest, disease, and soil management for tree farming. Explore the best practices for transplanting, pruning, and maintaining trees.</p> <h2>Best Trees to Grow in Pennsylvania: Identifying Shrubs and Trees</h2> <p>Before planting <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/trees-and-shrubs">trees and shrubs</a>, you should first give careful consideration to the site in which you’ll be planting. Evaluate the slope, soil type, hardiness zone, exposure, amount of light, soil compaction, drainage, space, and nutrient availability.</p> <p>To help you identify different trees and shrubs, Penn State Extension has created a selection of resources. Find advice on identifying the best <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/deciduous-shrub-identification-for-home-gardeners">deciduous shrubs for your garden</a>, <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/flowering-tree-identification-for-green-industry-professionals">flowering tree identification for Green Industry Professionals</a> and for <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/flowering-tree-identification-for-home-gardeners">home gardeners</a>. Being able to identify different types of trees and shrubs plays an important part in the ISA <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/arborist-short-course">Certified Arborist exam</a>.</p> <p>After evaluating the site, select trees and shrubs that will grow well or be able to adapt to the location. Wherever possible, choose the best plant for a given location, bearing in mind growth habitat and ultimate size, cultural requirements, maintenance needs, pest resistance, function, and potential <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/invasive-shrubs-to-avoid">invasiveness</a>. There is an ongoing debate about whether you should <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/extension-at-home-outdoors-selecting-and-planting-native-trees-and-shrubs">plant native</a>, introduced, or exotic species.</p> <p>Pennsylvania encompasses three plant hardiness zones. In the northern tier and mountainous areas it is Zone 5. In lower elevations, it is Zone 6, while in the southeastern corner of the state it is Zone 7. <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/evergreen-shrubs-and-trees-for-pennsylvania">Evergreen shrubs and trees grown in Pennsylvania</a> have to be able to withstand winter cold to varying degrees.</p> <p>As well as hardiness, consider whether trees and shrubs are <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-shrubs-and-groundcovers-tolerant-of-dry-sites">tolerant of dry soil</a>. There are going to be <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/shade-tolerant-trees-shrubs-and-groundcovers">species that can tolerate shade</a> and those that can <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/shade-tolerant-trees-shrubs-and-groundcovers">grow when the soil is constantly</a> wet.</p> <h2>Tree Farming: Getting Started With Trees and Shrubs</h2> <p>A wide variety of <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/trees-and-shrubs/species-and-varieties">species and varieties</a> are available for you to choose from if you’re interested in tree farming. The health and fertility of the soil where you plant your trees and shrubs will affect the rate at which they grow. Effective <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/trees-and-shrubs/soil-management">soil management</a> ensures that you meet the nutrient requirements of your trees and shrubs.</p> <p>You also need to be aware of the different weeds, <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/trees-and-shrubs/pests-and-diseases">pests, and diseases</a> that can affect your trees and shrubs. It’s possible to <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/plant-health-diagnosis-assessing-plant-diseases-pests-and-problems">diagnose many plant health problems</a> yourself, as long as you know what to look for. If you’re unsure about your diagnosis, there are professionals, such as a <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/professional-pest-managers-school">licensed pesticide applicator</a>, that you can approach for advice.</p> <p>Care and maintenance of trees and shrubs take various forms. Pruning, for example, is a skill that’s crucial for <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/pruning-for-professionals">landscape professionals</a>. There are pruning fundamentals you need to learn. Do you know how, where, and when to <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/pruning-ornamental-trees-and-shrubs">prune ornamental trees and shrubs</a>?</p> <p>You also have to <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/pruning-landscape-trees">prune landscape trees</a> in a certain way. It may require you to <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/tree-climbing-school">climb the trees</a> in order to prune correctly. This requires not only skills and techniques but also knowledge of <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/advanced-tree-climbing-school">safety procedures</a>.</p> <p>For your employees, Penn State Extension provides <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/trees-and-shrubs/employee-landscape-training">Employee Landscape Training</a> that covers the basics of pruning together with planting, watering, mulching, and much more. And the <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/green-industry-conference">Southeast Pennsylvania Green Industry Conference</a> provides opportunities for you to earn pesticide recertification credits or continuing education units for various professional certifications.</p></div> </div><div class="sidebar sidebar-main"> <div class="block filter level2" id="layered-filter-block" data-mage-init=' { "collapsible": { "openedState": "active", "collapsible": true, "active": false, "collateral": { "openedState": "filter-active", "element": "body" } } }'><div class="block-title filter-title"><strong data-role="title">Select a category</strong></div><div class="block-content filter-content content"><strong role="heading" aria-level="2" class="subtitle block-subtitle filter-subtitle">Narrow By:</strong> <div class="options filter-options collapsible-menu" id="narrow-by-list2"><div class="filter-options-item" data-role="collapsible" ><div data-role="title" class="filter-options-title gray-background">Categories</div><div class="filter-options-content" data-role="content"><ol class="items" data-role="collapsible"> <li class="item "><a title ="Production" href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/trees-and-shrubs/production" >Production</a> <span class="count">43</span></li> <li class="item "><a title ="Species and Varieties" href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/trees-and-shrubs/species-and-varieties" >Species and Varieties</a> <span class="count">169</span></li> <li class="item "><a title ="Soil Management" href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/trees-and-shrubs/soil-management" >Soil Management</a> <span class="count">21</span></li> <li class="item "><a title ="Pests and Diseases" href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/trees-and-shrubs/pests-and-diseases" >Pests and Diseases</a> <span class="count">252</span></li> <li class="item "><a title ="Weed Management" href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/trees-and-shrubs/weed-management" >Weed Management</a> <span class="count">26</span></li> <li class="item "><a title ="Personal Safety" href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/trees-and-shrubs/personal-safety" >Personal Safety</a> <span class="count">11</span></li> <li class="item "><a title ="Business Management" href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/trees-and-shrubs/business-management" >Business Management</a> <span class="count">16</span></li> <li class="item view-all"><a title ="See All Trees and Shrubs" href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/trees-and-shrubs/see-all-trees-and-shrubs" >See All Trees and Shrubs</a> <span class="count">402</span></li> </ol></div> <div class="sidebar-attributes__wrapper collapsible-menu"><div data-role="collapsible" class="filter-options-item"><span class="sidebar-attribute__title filter-options-title" data-role="title">Education Format</span> <div data-role="content"><ul class="sidebar-attributes__list" data-role="collapsible"> <li> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/trees-and-shrubs/see-all-trees-and-shrubs?education_format=Articles">Articles</a></li> <li> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/trees-and-shrubs/see-all-trees-and-shrubs?education_format=Conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/trees-and-shrubs/see-all-trees-and-shrubs?education_format=News">News</a></li> <li> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/trees-and-shrubs/see-all-trees-and-shrubs?education_format=Online Courses">Online Courses</a></li> <li> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/trees-and-shrubs/see-all-trees-and-shrubs?education_format=Guides and Publications">Guides and Publications</a></li> <li> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/trees-and-shrubs/see-all-trees-and-shrubs?education_format=Videos">Videos</a></li> <li> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/trees-and-shrubs/see-all-trees-and-shrubs?education_format=Webinars">Webinars</a></li> <li> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/trees-and-shrubs/see-all-trees-and-shrubs?education_format=Workshops">Workshops</a></li> <li> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/trees-and-shrubs/see-all-trees-and-shrubs?education_format=Tools and Apps">Tools and Apps</a></li> </ul></div></div></div> </div></div></div></div> </div></div></main> <div class="featured-content__wrapper"><div class="featured-content" data-content-type="products" data-appearance="carousel" data-autoplay="false" data-autoplay-speed="4000" data-infinite-loop="false" data-show-arrows="true" data-show-dots="false" data-carousel-mode="default" data-slides-to-show="4" 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Resources</a></strong> <div class="product-short-description">The public can do a great deal to stop the spread of the invasive Spotted Lanternfly, join us to learn what you can do to help!</div></div></div> </li><li class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/arborist-short-course" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-4820-67441c33706df"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/b/6/b627153ea2bbb8972e795d17bc3dc810.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/b/6/b627153ea2bbb8972e795d17bc3dc810.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/b/6/b627153ea2bbb8972e795d17bc3dc810.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Arborist Short Course"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-482067441c33706df { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-482067441c33706df span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-482067441c33706df span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="811"></span> Workshops</div> <strong class="product-item-name"><a title="Arborist Short Course" href="https://extension.psu.edu/arborist-short-course" class="product-item-link">Arborist Short Course</a></strong> <div class="product-short-description">The Arborist Short Course is a four-day workshop designed to increase working tree knowledge and prepare participants for the ISA Certified Arborist exam.</div></div></div> </li><li class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/pesticide-applicator-short-course-cat-6-7-10-23" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-17661-67441c3371b05"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/7/4/744c61b00c2031e8e934dbda33b26b58.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/7/4/744c61b00c2031e8e934dbda33b26b58.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/7/4/744c61b00c2031e8e934dbda33b26b58.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Pesticide Applicator Short Course (Core | Cat. 06, 07, 10, 23)"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-1766167441c3371b05 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-1766167441c3371b05 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-1766167441c3371b05 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="811"></span> Workshops</div> <strong class="product-item-name"><a title="Pesticide Applicator Short Course (Core | Cat. 06, 07, 10, 23)" href="https://extension.psu.edu/pesticide-applicator-short-course-cat-6-7-10-23" class="product-item-link">Pesticide Applicator Short Course (Core | Cat. 06, 07, 10, 23)</a></strong> <div class="product-short-description">Professionals can prepare in a classroom-style setting to take the certified pesticide applicator's exam. Register for your specific days of interest for Core and Categories 06, 07, 10, and 23 training.</div></div></div> </li><li class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/slf-permit-training-nj" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-26158-67441c3373068"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/5/f/5fb8742ee6ac172ecc826f3e2d6b95fe.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/5/f/5fb8742ee6ac172ecc826f3e2d6b95fe.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/5/f/5fb8742ee6ac172ecc826f3e2d6b95fe.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Spotted Lanternfly Permit Training for Businesses: New Jersey"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-2615867441c3373068 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-2615867441c3373068 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-2615867441c3373068 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="806"></span> Online Courses</div> <strong class="product-item-name"><a title="Spotted Lanternfly Permit Training for Businesses: New Jersey" href="https://extension.psu.edu/slf-permit-training-nj" class="product-item-link">Spotted Lanternfly Permit Training for Businesses: New Jersey</a></strong> <div class="product-short-description">The invasive insect spotted lanternfly threatens the U.S. economy and environment. Businesses operating in quarantine zones must have permits to move equipment and goods within and out of the zones.</div></div></div></li> </ol></div></div></div><div class="category-bottom-content"> </div><div class="before-page-footer"> <div class="widget block block-static-block"><style>#html-body [data-pb-style=CQ5NAO3],#html-body [data-pb-style=D3ELT41]{background-position:left top;background-size:cover;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-attachment:scroll}#html-body [data-pb-style=CQ5NAO3]{justify-content:center;display:flex;flex-direction:column;background-color:#1e407c;min-height:536px;margin:0}#html-body [data-pb-style=D3ELT41]{align-self:stretch}#html-body [data-pb-style=RCHY4CL]{display:flex;width:100%}#html-body [data-pb-style=GF82VQ0],#html-body [data-pb-style=O3VUDHB]{display:flex;flex-direction:column;background-position:left top;background-size:cover;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-attachment:scroll;margin:0;align-self:stretch}#html-body 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