CINXE.COM

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main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/production-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-198" >Production and Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/product-quality" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-201" >Product Quality</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/nutrition-and-feeding" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-204" >Nutrition and Feeding</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/health-and-care" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-207" >Health and Care</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/reproduction-and-genetics" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-210" >Reproduction and Genetics</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/manure-and-nutrient-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-213" >Manure and Nutrient Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/facilities-and-technology" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-216" >Facilities and Technology</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-219" >Personal Safety </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/swine/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-222" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-243" >Goats</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Goats</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-243"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/production-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-246" >Production and Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/product-quality" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-249" >Product Quality</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/nutrition-and-feeding" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-252" >Nutrition and Feeding</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/health-and-care" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-255" >Health and Care</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/reproduction-and-genetics" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-258" >Reproduction and Genetics</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/manure-and-nutrient-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-261" >Manure and Nutrient Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/facilities-and-technology" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-264" >Facilities and Technology</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-267" >Personal Safety </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/goats/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-270" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-291" >Sheep</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Sheep</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-291"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/production-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-294" >Production and Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/product-quality" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-297" >Product Quality</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/nutrition-and-feeding" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-300" >Nutrition and Feeding</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/health-and-care" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-303" >Health and Care</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/reproduction-and-genetics" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-306" >Reproduction and Genetics</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/manure-and-nutrient-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-309" >Manure and Nutrient Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/facilities-and-technology" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-312" >Facilities and Technology</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-315" >Personal Safety</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-318" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/llamas-and-alpacas" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-339" >Llamas and Alpacas</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Llamas and Alpacas</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-339"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/llamas-and-alpacas" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/llamas-and-alpacas/nutrition-and-feeding" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-348" >Nutrition and Feeding</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/llamas-and-alpacas/health-and-care" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-351" >Health and Care</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/llamas-and-alpacas/manure-and-nutrient-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-357" >Manure and Nutrient Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/llamas-and-alpacas/facilities-and-technology" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-360" >Facilities and Technology</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/llamas-and-alpacas/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-366" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/canine" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-2608" >Canine</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Canine</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-2608"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/canine" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/canine/nutrition-and-feeding" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2611" >Nutrition and Feeding</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/canine/behavior-and-welfare" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2614" >Behavior and Welfare</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/canine/health-and-care" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2617" >Health and Care</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/canine/reproduction-and-genetics" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-2620" >Reproduction and Genetics</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__item  main-menu__item--parent level0"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops" class="main-menu__link menu-link-level-0" data-menu="menu-387" >Forage and Food Crops </a> </div><div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div class="back" data-role="back"><span>Forage and Food Crops </span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div> <div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level1" data-menu="menu-387"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level1 1"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-0" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-390" >Agronomic Crops</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Agronomic Crops</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-390"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/production-and-harvesting" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-393" >Production and Harvesting</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/species-and-varieties" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-396" >Species and Varieties</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/soil-fertility-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-399" >Soil Fertility and Management </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-402" >Pests and Diseases</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/weed-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-405" >Weed Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/organic-production" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-408" >Organic Production</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/sustainable-agriculture" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-411" >Sustainable Agriculture</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-414" >Personal Safety</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/agronomic-crops/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-417" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-438" >Cover Crops</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Cover Crops</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-438"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/production-and-harvesting" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-441" >Production and Harvesting</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/species-and-varieties" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-444" >Species and Varieties</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/soil-fertility-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-447" >Soil Fertility and Management </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-450" >Pests and Diseases</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/weed-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-453" >Weed Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/organic-production" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-456" >Organic Production</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/sustainable-agriculture" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-459" >Sustainable Agriculture</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-462" >Personal Safety</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/cover-crops/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-465" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-483" >Forages</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Forages</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-483"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/production-and-harvesting" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-486" >Production and Harvesting</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/species-and-varieties" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-489" >Species and Varieties</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/soil-fertility-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-492" >Soil Fertility and Management </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/forage-quality-and-testing" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-495" >Forage Quality and Testing</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-498" >Pests and Diseases</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/weed-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-501" >Weed Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/organic-production" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-504" >Organic Production</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/sustainable-agriculture" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-507" >Sustainable Agriculture</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-510" >Personal Safety</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-513" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-537" >Fruit</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Fruit</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-537"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/production-and-harvesting" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-540" >Production and Harvesting</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/cultivars-and-rootstocks" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-543" >Cultivars and Rootstocks</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/soil-fertility-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-546" >Soil Fertility and Management </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-549" >Pests and Diseases</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/weed-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-552" >Weed Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/organic-production" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-555" >Organic Production</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/sustainable-agriculture" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-558" >Sustainable Agriculture</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-561" >Personal Safety</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/fruit/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-564" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/mushrooms" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-636" >Mushrooms</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Mushrooms</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-636"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/mushrooms" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/mushrooms/production-and-harvesting" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-639" >Production and Harvesting</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/mushrooms/substrate-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-645" >Substrate Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/mushrooms/pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-648" >Pests and Diseases</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/mushrooms/food-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-651" >Food Safety</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/mushrooms/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-657" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-585" >Vegetables</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Vegetables</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-585"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/production-and-harvesting" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-588" >Production and Harvesting</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/species-and-varieties" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-591" >Species and Varieties</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/soil-fertility-and-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-594" >Soil Fertility and Management </a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-597" >Pests and Diseases</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/weed-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-600" >Weed Management</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/organic-production" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-603" >Organic Production</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/sustainable-agriculture" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-606" >Sustainable Agriculture</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/personal-safety" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-609" >Personal Safety</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/vegetables/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-612" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__item  main-menu__item--parent level0"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping" class="main-menu__link menu-link-level-0" data-menu="menu-675" >Trees, Lawns, and Landscaping</a> </div><div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div class="back" data-role="back"><span>Trees, Lawns, and Landscaping</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div> <div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level1" data-menu="menu-675"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level1 1"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-0" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/aquatic-plants-and-algae" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-2431" >Aquatic Plants and Algae</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Aquatic Plants and Algae</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-2431"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/aquatic-plants-and-algae" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/aquatic-plants-and-algae/species-and-varieties" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-828" >Species and Varieties</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/aquatic-plants-and-algae/pests-and-diseases" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-831" >Pests and Diseases</a> </div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/aquatic-plants-and-algae/business-management" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-837" >Business Management</a> </div></li> </ul></div></div></li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level1 level1 main-menu__inner-item--parent"><div data-role="title" class="parent-category-title"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/christmas-trees" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" data-menu="menu-2434" >Christmas Trees</a> </div> <div data-role="content" class="menu-item"><div class="menu-title"><div data-role="back" class="back"><span>Christmas Trees</span></div><div class="close-menu" data-action="toggle-nav"><span>Close</span></div></div><div class="menu-content"> <ul class="main-menu__inner-list main-menu__inner-list--level2" data-menu="menu-2434"> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--all view-all main-menu__inner-item--level2 2"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/christmas-trees" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-1" >View All</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__inner-item main-menu__inner-item--level2 level2 no-children"><div data-role="title" class=""> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/trees-lawns-and-landscaping/christmas-trees/production-and-harvesting" class="main-menu__inner-link menu-link-level-2" data-menu="menu-909" >Production and Harvesting</a> </div></li> <li 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<strong>Production and Management</strong> </li> </ul></nav> <div class="widget block block-static-block"><div data-content-type="html" data-appearance="default" data-element="main" data-decoded="true"><style> @media print { .noprint { display: none !important; } } </style></div></div> <div class="widget block block-static-block"><div data-content-type="html" data-appearance="default" data-element="main" data-decoded="true"><style> @media print { .noprint { display: none !important; } } </style></div></div><main id="maincontent" class="page-main"> <a id="contentarea" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="parent-category-name">Sheep</span> <div class="page-title-wrapper"><h1 class="page-title" id="page-title-heading" aria-labelledby="page-title-heading toolbar-amount" ><span class="base" data-ui-id="page-title-wrapper" >Production and Management</span></h1> </div><div class="page messages"> <div data-placeholder="messages"></div> <div data-bind="scope: 'messages'"><div aria-atomic="true" role="alert" class="messages" data-bind="foreach: { data: cookieMessagesObservable(), as: 'message' }"><div data-bind="attr: { class: 'message-' + message.type + ' ' + message.type + ' message', 'data-ui-id': 'message-' + message.type }"><div data-bind="html: $parent.prepareMessageForHtml(message.text)"></div></div></div><div aria-atomic="true" role="alert" class="messages" data-bind="foreach: { data: messages().messages, as: 'message' }, afterRender: purgeMessages"><div data-bind="attr: { class: 'message-' + message.type + ' ' + message.type + ' message', 'data-ui-id': 'message-' + message.type }"><div data-bind="html: $parent.prepareMessageForHtml(message.text)"></div></div></div></div></div><div class="category-view"> <div class="category-description"><p>Whether you’re raising sheep for your homestead or for profit as a commercial enterprise, there are many factors to consider. It’s fundamental that your flock is healthy, so you’ve got to start by choosing the best breed and deciding where you want to rear them. Other issues to consider include the provision of suitable grazing, nutrition and management plans, and ensuring operations and facilities are safe.</p> <p>On this site, you’ll find all the resources you need to raise sheep successfully and efficiently.</p> <h2>Getting Started With Sheep</h2> <p>Compared to other animal and agricultural industries, the sheep industry is very small. According to the 2017 Census of Agriculture, there are more than 101,000 sheep farms in the United States, which accounts for less than 1% of total US livestock receipts. In recent years, the number of sheep operations has been steadily increasing, due in some part to encouragement from the American Sheep Industry Association.</p> <p>If you’re <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/so-you-want-to-raise-sheep-or-goats">interested in raising sheep</a> in the backyard and homesteading sheep, or want to become a producer, you’ll need to acquire certain management skills.</p> <p>The first step is to decide on the type of operation. Is the plan to raise sheep for their wool, meat, or dairy? You need to decide this before moving any further because it will affect the next crucial decision, which is choosing the right breed of sheep.</p> <p>When selecting sheep breeds, a producer or homesteader should always start with expected average performance information. Performance indicators include average birth weight and average number of lambs born per lambing. There are <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/i-pick-that-one-sheep-selection-tools">tools you can use</a> to help with selection, but the key is to combine operation goals with production benchmarks.</p> <p>To help decide, producers should ask questions such as what is most important for the customer and think about where they want their sheep operation to be 10 years from now.</p> <p>When you are <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/what-you-should-know-about-buying-livestock">ready to buy your sheep</a>, keep in mind the risks of diseases and if possible, test newly purchased animals two to four weeks prior to transporting them to their new home.</p> <p>Other production principles to consider if you want to <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/living-on-a-few-acres-beef-sheep-and-goats-webinar">produce more food on your property</a> include feeding and reproduction, health, marketing, pasture, and grazing management.</p> <h2>How to Raise Sheep</h2> <p>Raising sheep can serve many purposes, such as providing meat, wool, and dairy products.</p> <p>Sheep are perfect for small farms and rural homesteads because they are relatively small and easy to handle when compared with cows, horses, and pigs.</p> <p>Sheep can graze on a range of different crops, but the <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/forage-and-food-crops/forages/forage-quality-and-testing">quality of the forage</a> is fundamental for the health of the flock. A small flock doesn’t need much space and you can rotate sheep pastures with crop planting as sheep manure is an excellent soil fertilizer.</p> <p><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/health-and-care">Feeding a healthy flock</a> requires nothing more than <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/grazing-101">good pasture land</a> for the majority of the year. In winter and during a drought, however, you will need to supplement their diet with hay or grain.</p> <p>There are more than 60 breeds of sheep in the United States and <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/reproduction-and-genetics">choosing the right breed</a> depends on the purpose of the flock. Certain breeds are better suited for producing meat, wool, or dairy, while there are also breeds of sheep that can serve a dual purpose.</p> <p>Sheep are very susceptible to <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/health-and-care">parasites</a>, especially when raised in close proximity to each other. Predators can also be a problem in certain areas. Across the US, farmers lose thousands of sheep each year to coyotes and wolves. You can reduce issues with predators by using guardian animals, light corrals and pens at night, and high, tight fencing.</p> <h2>Sheep Farm Management</h2> <p>If you want to run a successful and sustainable sheep farm, there are key factors to bear in mind, such as safe operation and facilities, nutrition, and manure management plans.</p> <h3>Sheep Housing</h3> <p>The choice of sheep housing is very much determined by climate, season of lambing, and preferences of the farmer. More elaborate housing may be necessary if lambing occurs during inclement weather. Otherwise, simple shelter is all that’s required.</p> <p>Barns are also an option. There are many types and various materials can be used for bedding. When livestock are being kept in a barn, your choice of bedding is important, as well as <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/selecting-rated-ventilation-fans">ventilation</a> for <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/evaluating-air-quality-in-livestock-housing-environments">good air quality</a>. Any farmers concerned about their energy usage could <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/upgrade-options-and-common-pitfalls-for-farm-lighting">upgrade barn lighting</a> to LED or compact fluorescent lamps.</p> <h3>Personal Safety and Manure Management</h3> <p>Keeping both animals and humans safe is important when raising sheep. Risks include disease, <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animal-handling-tips">animal handling</a>, and manure management. Pennsylvanian farms and properties with animals have to develop a <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/writing-a-manure-management-plan">manure management plan</a>. The same applies to anyone who produces manure, such as a <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/manure-management-for-youth-projects">4-H Youth Animal Project</a>. Penn State Extension’s <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/manure-management-and-mortality-composting-workshop">Manure Management and Mortality Composting Workshop</a> helps producers in writing their farm’s manure management plan. <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/grazing-101">Managed grazing</a> can play an important role in a manure management plan.</p> <p><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/disease-prevention-on-the-farm">Diseases in farm animals</a> can have serious consequences. Even a healthy herd can be a carrier of microorganisms that occasionally cause illness in people, such as <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/reducing-e-coli-infections-in-people">E. coli infections</a>. <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/biosecurity-overview">Employ biosecurity practices</a> to prevent importation and transmission of infectious organisms. The acronym IRS (Isolation - Resistance - Sanitation) perfectly explains the <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/biosecurity-a-practical-approach">principles of biosecurity</a>.</p> <h3>Marketing and Finances</h3> <p>Raising sheep also requires a certain amount of business knowledge. You need to know how best to finance your sheep farm and successfully market your product. Penn State Extension has a wide range of <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/animals-and-livestock/sheep/business-management">business management resources</a> that can help you.</p></div> </div><div class="columns"><div class="sidebar sidebar-main"> <div class="block filter" id="layered-filter-block" data-mage-init='{"collapsible":{"openedState": "active", "collapsible": true, "active": false, "collateral": { "openedState": "filter-active", "element": "body" } }}'> <div class="block-title filter-title" data-count="0"><strong data-role="title">Narrow By</strong></div><div class="block-content filter-content"> <strong role="heading" aria-level="2" class="block-subtitle filter-subtitle">Narrow By:</strong> <div class="filter-options" id="narrow-by-list" data-role="content" data-mage-init='{"accordion":{"openedState": "active", "collapsible": true, "active": [0,1], "multipleCollapsible": true}}'> <div data-role="collapsible" class="filter-options-item"><div data-role="title" 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Ascending Direction" href="#" class="action sorter-action sort-desc" data-role="direction-switcher" data-value="asc"><span>Set Ascending Direction</span></a> </div></div> </div> <div class="products wrapper list products-list"> <ol class="products list items product-items"> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_68740" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/small-ruminant-webinars-genetic-testing-when-what-and-why" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-68740-67b3e81cb4d0e"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/f/9/f9417d36d832d3fd09e00db631627f49.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/f/9/f9417d36d832d3fd09e00db631627f49.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/f/9/f9417d36d832d3fd09e00db631627f49.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Join us to learn more about how to use genetic diagnostic tests for your herd and/or flock!"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-6874067b3e81cb4d0e { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-6874067b3e81cb4d0e span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-6874067b3e81cb4d0e span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="805"></span> News</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/small-ruminant-webinars-genetic-testing-when-what-and-why">Small Ruminant Webinars - "Genetic Testing: When, What, and Why"</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute publish_date'><span class='label'>Date Posted </span><span class='value'>2/4/2025</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Learn about genetic testing for sheep and goats, including DNA collection, choosing the right tests, and when to test, all to meet your breeding and herd health goals.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_68662" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/join-us-at-the-inaugural-flock-forward-sheep-field-day" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-68662-67b3e81cb61c0"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/3/6/361b733df9ccc365299b1bc21499784f.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/3/6/361b733df9ccc365299b1bc21499784f.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/3/6/361b733df9ccc365299b1bc21499784f.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Building Better Flocks, One Bite at a Time! Attend to gain valuable insights on nutrition and business management to strengthen your sheep operation."/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-6866267b3e81cb61c0 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-6866267b3e81cb61c0 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-6866267b3e81cb61c0 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="805"></span> News</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/join-us-at-the-inaugural-flock-forward-sheep-field-day">Join Us at the Inaugural Flock Forward Sheep Field Day!</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute publish_date'><span class='label'>Date Posted </span><span class='value'>1/31/2025</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">This full-day event will feature expert insights on nutrition, flock management, disease prevention, and marketing, plus a lamb luncheon, trade show, and farm tour.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_34974" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/crossbreeding-sheep-can-increase-productivity" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-34974-67b3e81cb7477"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/b/9/b9b135b0f26c33bd6d2735310922efb7.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/b/9/b9b135b0f26c33bd6d2735310922efb7.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/b/9/b9b135b0f26c33bd6d2735310922efb7.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Crossbreeding Sheep Can Increase Productivity"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-3497467b3e81cb7477 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-3497467b3e81cb7477 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-3497467b3e81cb7477 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/crossbreeding-sheep-can-increase-productivity">Crossbreeding Sheep Can Increase Productivity</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Melanie Barkley</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Sheep producers can easily increase productivity in their flock through crossbreeding.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_65398" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/2024-pswga-shepherd-symposium-and-annual-meeting-set-for-october-19" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-65398-67b3e81cb8736"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/4/e/4e33e5cd9734336f6944a18b0f2ef56c.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/4/e/4e33e5cd9734336f6944a18b0f2ef56c.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/4/e/4e33e5cd9734336f6944a18b0f2ef56c.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Networking and educational opportunities coordinated by Penn State Extension await at this year's PSWGA symposium and annual meeting"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-6539867b3e81cb8736 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-6539867b3e81cb8736 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-6539867b3e81cb8736 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="805"></span> News</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/2024-pswga-shepherd-symposium-and-annual-meeting-set-for-october-19">2024 PSWGA Shepherd Symposium and Annual Meeting set for October 19</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute publish_date'><span class='label'>Date Posted </span><span class='value'>10/2/2024</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">The Pennsylvania Sheep and Wool Growers Association's (PSWGA) 2024 annual symposium and meeting will be on Saturday, October 19, in Lebanon, Pennsylvania.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_64828" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/penn-state-extension-to-hold-sheep-shearing-school" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-64828-67b3e81cb9a2e"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/2/c/2c82009e687b264fdde357f3b26c4c16.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/2/c/2c82009e687b264fdde357f3b26c4c16.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/2/c/2c82009e687b264fdde357f3b26c4c16.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Carl Geissinger, co-instructor, shearing a sheep"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-6482867b3e81cb9a2e { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-6482867b3e81cb9a2e span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-6482867b3e81cb9a2e span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="805"></span> News</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/penn-state-extension-to-hold-sheep-shearing-school">Penn State Extension to Hold Sheep Shearing School</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute publish_date'><span class='label'>Date Posted </span><span class='value'>9/15/2024</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Penn State Extension's livestock team is organizing a hands-on sheep shearing workshop September 28 at Turning Point Land and Livestock Services in Dornsife, PA.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_64228" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/building-blocks-for-flocks-the-focus-of-sheep-field-day" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-64228-67b3e81cbab87"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/0/b/0ba308f7e45d5dfaedffeacf9917d97c.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/0/b/0ba308f7e45d5dfaedffeacf9917d97c.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/0/b/0ba308f7e45d5dfaedffeacf9917d97c.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Pasture management will be one topic discussed at the Field Day."/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-6422867b3e81cbab87 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-6422867b3e81cbab87 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-6422867b3e81cbab87 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="805"></span> News</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/building-blocks-for-flocks-the-focus-of-sheep-field-day">Building Blocks for Flocks the Focus of Sheep Field Day</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute publish_date'><span class='label'>Date Posted </span><span class='value'>8/22/2024</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Join the Pennsylvania Sheep and Wool Growers and Penn State Extension in September for an evening and full day of learning and networking with other producers.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_31953" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/set-production-benchmarks-for-sheep-and-goat-production" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-31953-67b3e81cbbca1"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/b/4/b4cddf67352e55d29b919f74f4a98c1a.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/b/4/b4cddf67352e55d29b919f74f4a98c1a.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/b/4/b4cddf67352e55d29b919f74f4a98c1a.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Setting production benchmarks allows producers to work toward improved production and performance in their sheep flock or goat herd."/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-3195367b3e81cbbca1 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-3195367b3e81cbbca1 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-3195367b3e81cbbca1 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/set-production-benchmarks-for-sheep-and-goat-production">Set Production Benchmarks for Sheep and Goat Production</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Melanie Barkley</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Sheep and goat producers should set production benchmarks to help them achieve goals for their operation. This will help them to improve performance within their flock or herd.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_30116" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/managed-grazing-to-reduce-parasites-in-lambs-on-pasture" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-30116-67b3e81cbcd2b"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3777_1_2_1_262_1_23_1_28_2_11_2_2_2_38_1_94_7_2_24_46_6_414_49_21_45_2_25_15_1_9_1_18_9_6_5_1_21_3_29_8_2_1_13_5_1_6406.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3777_1_2_1_262_1_23_1_28_2_11_2_2_2_38_1_94_7_2_24_46_6_414_49_21_45_2_25_15_1_9_1_18_9_6_5_1_21_3_29_8_2_1_13_5_1_6406.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3777_1_2_1_262_1_23_1_28_2_11_2_2_2_38_1_94_7_2_24_46_6_414_49_21_45_2_25_15_1_9_1_18_9_6_5_1_21_3_29_8_2_1_13_5_1_6406.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Managed Grazing to Reduce Parasites in Lambs on Pasture"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-3011667b3e81cbcd2b { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-3011667b3e81cbcd2b span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-3011667b3e81cbcd2b span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="809"></span> Videos</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/managed-grazing-to-reduce-parasites-in-lambs-on-pasture">Managed Grazing to Reduce Parasites in Lambs on Pasture</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Tara L. Felix</span></div> <div class='attribute length'><span class='label'>Length </span><span class='value'>6:54</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Sheep producers struggle daily with anthelmintic resistance and the impact this resistance has on flock productivity and health. Managed grazing strategies may be one way to reduce reliance on anthelmintics to combat growing resistance concerns.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_29547" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/ram-selection-principles" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-29547-67b3e81cbddf2"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/d/9/d9e37660cae8c38b3976c45ba71ea080.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/d/9/d9e37660cae8c38b3976c45ba71ea080.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/d/9/d9e37660cae8c38b3976c45ba71ea080.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Grazing sheep; Photo by Melanie Barkley"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-2954767b3e81cbddf2 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-2954767b3e81cbddf2 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-2954767b3e81cbddf2 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/ram-selection-principles">Ram Selection Principles</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Melanie Barkley</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Objective analysis of the ewe flock will help a producer determine what characteristics a ram should possess to best complement a flock to improve performance.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_25414" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/pasture-improvements-can-take-place-in-the-winter" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-25414-67b3e81cbefc3"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3777_1_2_1_262_1_23_1_28_2_11_2_2_2_38_1_94_7_2_24_46_6_414_49_21_45_2_25_15_1_9_1_18_9_6_5_1_21_3_29_8_2_1_13_5_1_4086.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3777_1_2_1_262_1_23_1_28_2_11_2_2_2_38_1_94_7_2_24_46_6_414_49_21_45_2_25_15_1_9_1_18_9_6_5_1_21_3_29_8_2_1_13_5_1_4086.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3777_1_2_1_262_1_23_1_28_2_11_2_2_2_38_1_94_7_2_24_46_6_414_49_21_45_2_25_15_1_9_1_18_9_6_5_1_21_3_29_8_2_1_13_5_1_4086.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Frost seeding in Vermont. Credit: Dan Hudson, Univ. of Vermont"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-2541467b3e81cbefc3 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-2541467b3e81cbefc3 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-2541467b3e81cbefc3 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/pasture-improvements-can-take-place-in-the-winter">Pasture Improvements Can Take Place in the Winter</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Melanie Barkley</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Frost seeding may be the way to improved pastures on your farm.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_28493" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/set-a-strategy-and-budget-for-selecting-your-next-ram" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-28493-67b3e81cc01fa"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/5/1/51df33d1f7e1554e38856498896d7488.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/5/1/51df33d1f7e1554e38856498896d7488.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/5/1/51df33d1f7e1554e38856498896d7488.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="A good selection strategy can help you identify a ram with the potential to improve performance within your flock."/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-2849367b3e81cc01fa { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-2849367b3e81cc01fa span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-2849367b3e81cc01fa span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/set-a-strategy-and-budget-for-selecting-your-next-ram">Set a Strategy and Budget for Selecting Your Next Ram</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Melanie Barkley</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Learn to develop a selection strategy and set up a budget to determine what a ram is worth to your operation.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_25205" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/observing-newborn-lambs" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-25205-67b3e81cc145b"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3777_1_2_1_262_1_23_1_28_2_11_2_2_2_38_1_94_7_2_24_46_6_414_49_21_45_2_25_15_1_9_1_18_9_6_5_1_21_3_29_8_2_1_13_5_1_3970.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3777_1_2_1_262_1_23_1_28_2_11_2_2_2_38_1_94_7_2_24_46_6_414_49_21_45_2_25_15_1_9_1_18_9_6_5_1_21_3_29_8_2_1_13_5_1_3970.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3777_1_2_1_262_1_23_1_28_2_11_2_2_2_38_1_94_7_2_24_46_6_414_49_21_45_2_25_15_1_9_1_18_9_6_5_1_21_3_29_8_2_1_13_5_1_3970.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Observing Newborn Lambs"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-2520567b3e81cc145b { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-2520567b3e81cc145b span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-2520567b3e81cc145b span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="809"></span> Videos</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/observing-newborn-lambs">Observing Newborn Lambs</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Melanie Barkley</span></div> <div class='attribute length'><span class='label'>Length </span><span class='value'>3:13</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">This video provides insight into the expected behavior and health of a newborn lamb. Close observation helps to ensure lambs are healthy and consuming enough milk.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_22289" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/small-ruminant-housing-proper-airflow-is-important" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-22289-67b3e81cc26c2"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/1/f/1f6c266496b717c37ce46a2b33889db2.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/1/f/1f6c266496b717c37ce46a2b33889db2.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/1/f/1f6c266496b717c37ce46a2b33889db2.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Small Ruminant Housing: Proper Airflow is Important"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-2228967b3e81cc26c2 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-2228967b3e81cc26c2 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-2228967b3e81cc26c2 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/small-ruminant-housing-proper-airflow-is-important">Small Ruminant Housing: Proper Airflow is Important</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Chelsea Hill</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">When winter and cold weather arrive goats and sheep spend more time indoors. With this change in management comes needed attention to airflow and adequate ventilation of animal housing.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_25361" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/does-your-flock-meet-your-performance-expectations" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-25361-67b3e81cc37c9"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/9/d/9d78d6d440ddcc967d179d34876754eb.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/9/d/9d78d6d440ddcc967d179d34876754eb.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/9/d/9d78d6d440ddcc967d179d34876754eb.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="How does your reproductive performance stack up?"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-2536167b3e81cc37c9 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-2536167b3e81cc37c9 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-2536167b3e81cc37c9 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/does-your-flock-meet-your-performance-expectations">Does Your Flock Meet Your Performance Expectations?</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Melanie Barkley</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Producers should analyze reproduction and performance aspects in their flock in order to determine if the flock meets expectations.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_25539" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/so-you-want-to-raise-sheep-or-goats" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-25539-67b3e81cc4908"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/7/e/7ef6bb31eaa3ed2f13d7223e3f4734c3_1.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/7/e/7ef6bb31eaa3ed2f13d7223e3f4734c3_1.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/7/e/7ef6bb31eaa3ed2f13d7223e3f4734c3_1.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="So You Want to Raise Sheep or Goats?"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-2553967b3e81cc4908 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-2553967b3e81cc4908 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-2553967b3e81cc4908 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/so-you-want-to-raise-sheep-or-goats">So You Want to Raise Sheep or Goats?</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute authors'><span class='label'>By </span><span class='value'>Melanie Barkley</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">There are a number of management skills that each sheep or goat producer should have to be successful.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_30566" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/pennsylvania-state-and-federal-sheep-and-goat-scrapie-regulations-and-updates" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-30566-67b3e81cc59e6"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/f/c/fc3e5d33486158df25028406ea52b7c1.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/f/c/fc3e5d33486158df25028406ea52b7c1.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/f/c/fc3e5d33486158df25028406ea52b7c1.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Pennsylvania State and Federal Sheep and Goat Scrapie Regulations and Updates"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-3056667b3e81cc59e6 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-3056667b3e81cc59e6 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-3056667b3e81cc59e6 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="810"></span> Webinars</div> <div class="price-box price-final_price" data-role="priceBox" data-product-id="30566" data-price-box="product-id-30566"> <p class="minimal-price"> <span class="price-container price-final_price tax weee" > <span class="price-label"></span> <span id="from-30566" data-price-amount="0" data-price-type="" class="price-wrapper " ><span class="price">Free</span></span> </span> </p></div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/pennsylvania-state-and-federal-sheep-and-goat-scrapie-regulations-and-updates">Pennsylvania State and Federal Sheep and Goat Scrapie Regulations and Updates</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute when'><span class='label'>When </span><span class='value'>Watch Now</span></div> <div class='attribute recorded'><span class='label'>Recorded </span><span class='value'>Nov 17, 2020</span></div> <div class='attribute cvent_event_format'><span class='label'>Event Format </span><span class='value'>On-Demand | Recorded</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Learn about the updated requirements for scrapie identification for moving sheep and goats within and outside Pennsylvania.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_29185" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/sheep-management-and-production" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-29185-67b3e81cca203"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/e/9/e910f5e1f5bb62d84fc613aa3414644c_1.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/e/9/e910f5e1f5bb62d84fc613aa3414644c_1.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/e/9/e910f5e1f5bb62d84fc613aa3414644c_1.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Sheep Management and Production"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-2918567b3e81cca203 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-2918567b3e81cca203 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-2918567b3e81cca203 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="806"></span> Online Courses</div> <div class="price-box price-final_price" data-role="priceBox" data-product-id="29185" data-price-box="product-id-29185"> <p class="minimal-price"> <span class="price-container price-final_price tax weee" > <span class="price-label"> </span> <span id="from-29185" data-price-amount="99" data-price-type="" class="price-wrapper " ><span class="price">$99.00</span></span> </span> </p></div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/sheep-management-and-production">Sheep Management and Production</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute sections'><span class='label'>Sections </span><span class='value'>8</span></div> <div class='attribute length'><span class='label'>Length </span><span class='value'>25 hours</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Learn the basics of sheep production and how to manage your operation, including breeds and selection, nutrition, health problems, grazing, and marketing.</div> </div></div></li> <li class="item product product-item"> <div class="product-item-info" id="product-item-info_22976" data-container="product-list"> <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/grazing-101" class="product photo product-item-photo" tabindex="-1"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-22976-67b3e81ccb9f9"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/2/2/224db18d2b50c3644c3776dee107e6de.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/2/2/224db18d2b50c3644c3776dee107e6de.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/2/2/224db18d2b50c3644c3776dee107e6de.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Grazing 101: Sustainable Pasture Management for Livestock"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-2297667b3e81ccb9f9 { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-2297667b3e81ccb9f9 span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-2297667b3e81ccb9f9 span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product details product-item-details"> <div class="product-type-wrapper"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="806"></span> Online Courses</div> <div class="price-box price-final_price" data-role="priceBox" data-product-id="22976" data-price-box="product-id-22976"> <p class="minimal-price"> <span class="price-container price-final_price tax weee" > <span class="price-label"> </span> <span id="from-22976" data-price-amount="99" data-price-type="" class="price-wrapper " ><span class="price">$99.00</span></span> </span> </p></div> </div> <h5 class="product name product-item-name"><a class="product-item-link" href="https://extension.psu.edu/grazing-101">Grazing 101: Sustainable Pasture Management for Livestock</a></h5><div class="product-attributes"> <div class='attribute sections'><span class='label'>Sections </span><span class='value'>7</span></div> <div class='attribute length'><span class='label'>Length </span><span class='value'>12 hours</span></div> </div> <div class="product-short-description">Learn how to sustainably manage beef cattle, sheep, and meat goats on pasture. Understand the variables concerning grazing systems, paddocks, fencing, and forage quality.</div> </div></div></li> </ol></div> <div class="toolbar toolbar-products toolbar-bottom" data-mage-init='{"productListToolbarForm":{"mode":"product_list_mode","direction":"product_list_dir","order":"product_list_order","limit":"product_list_limit","modeDefault":"list","directionDefault":null,"orderDefault":"publish_date","limitDefault":25,"url":"https:\/\/extension.psu.edu\/animals-and-livestock\/sheep\/production-and-management","formKey":"BWmE3KEIz1RXV7Op","post":false}}'> </div> </div></div></main> <div class="featured-content__wrapper"><div class="featured-content" data-content-type="products" data-appearance="carousel" data-autoplay="false" data-autoplay-speed="4000" data-infinite-loop="false" data-show-arrows="true" data-show-dots="false" data-carousel-mode="default" data-slides-to-show="4" data-slides-to-scroll="1" data-center-padding="90px" data-element="main" role="complementary"><div class="block-top-wrapper"><h2 class="block-title">You May Also Be Interested In...</h2><div class="widget-navigation"></div></div><div class="products-grid products wrapper"><ol class="product-items"> <li class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/so-you-want-to-raise-sheep-or-goats" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-25539-67b3e81cd750d"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/7/e/7ef6bb31eaa3ed2f13d7223e3f4734c3_1.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/7/e/7ef6bb31eaa3ed2f13d7223e3f4734c3_1.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/7/e/7ef6bb31eaa3ed2f13d7223e3f4734c3_1.jpeg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="So You Want to Raise Sheep or Goats?"/></span></span> <style>.product-image-container-2553967b3e81cd750d { width: 676px; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 676 / 448; } .product-image-container-2553967b3e81cd750d span.product-image-wrapper { height: 100%; width: 100%; } @supports not (aspect-ratio: auto) { .product-image-container-2553967b3e81cd750d span.product-image-wrapper { padding-bottom: 66.272189349112%; } }</style> </a> <div class="product-item-details"> <div class="product-type"><span class="product-type-icon" data-icon="801"></span> Articles</div> <strong class="product-item-name"><a title="So You Want to Raise Sheep or Goats?" href="https://extension.psu.edu/so-you-want-to-raise-sheep-or-goats" class="product-item-link">So You Want to Raise Sheep or Goats?</a></strong> <div class="product-short-description">There are a number of management skills that each sheep or goat producer should have to be successful.</div></div></div> </li><li class="product-item"> <div class="product-item-info"><a href="https://extension.psu.edu/pasture-improvements-can-take-place-in-the-winter" class="product-item-photo"> <span class="product-image-container product-image-container-25414-67b3e81cd908b"><span class="product-image-wrapper"><img class="product-image-photo" srcset="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3777_1_2_1_262_1_23_1_28_2_11_2_2_2_38_1_94_7_2_24_46_6_414_49_21_45_2_25_15_1_9_1_18_9_6_5_1_21_3_29_8_2_1_13_5_1_4086.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=2 2x,https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3777_1_2_1_262_1_23_1_28_2_11_2_2_2_38_1_94_7_2_24_46_6_414_49_21_45_2_25_15_1_9_1_18_9_6_5_1_21_3_29_8_2_1_13_5_1_4086.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448&dpr=3 3x" src="https://extension.psu.edu/media/catalog/product/i/m/image_3777_1_2_1_262_1_23_1_28_2_11_2_2_2_38_1_94_7_2_24_46_6_414_49_21_45_2_25_15_1_9_1_18_9_6_5_1_21_3_29_8_2_1_13_5_1_4086.jpg?quality=80&bg-color=255,255,255&fit=bounds&height=448&width=676&canvas=676:448" loading="lazy" width="676" height="448" alt="Frost seeding in Vermont. 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