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<!DOCTYPE html><html class="no-js" lang="en"> <head><meta charset="utf-8" /><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" /><title> FAQ | CCCS </title><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="CCCS" /> <meta property="og:type" content="website" /> <meta property="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta property="twitter:site" content="@CompetitionSG" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/ico" href="/favicon.ico" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/Cwp/CCS/assets/styles/main.css" /><link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Source+Sans+Pro:200,300,400,600,700,900" rel="stylesheet" /><link rel="canonical" href="http://www.cccs.gov.sg/faq" /><script src="https://assets.wogaa.sg/scripts/wogaa.js"></script> <!-- Google tag (gtag.js) --> <script async src=https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-QPKZTNCQR1></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-QPKZTNCQR1'); </script> <meta name="keywords" content="$name" /></head> <body> <form method="post" action="/faq" id="ctl01" autocomplete="off"> <div class="aspNetHidden"> <input type="hidden" name="__VIEWSTATE" id="__VIEWSTATE" value="IqXTkNaoSaEc+sIKUAWz8a7sqyxxxizTzXssYiUxDKcTfz5OaLaXCbmXHCHCpuN2+rk8eegHnsFmjmmIsWuxyOp1wLDgVCuyZO4u/+mpOKsVhIjaO60vMEK5+BYTDHQEzGn8codt25dz5si4QMx80y6YDhTZvcQAatT4H3bcqftX0dzJ03386PUcTNwaC2Arn9ujK3KUiPPaDpjjoHb4Rg==" /> </div> <div class="aspNetHidden"> <input type="hidden" name="__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR" id="__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR" value="A5E15A0D" /> <input type="hidden" name="__VIEWSTATEENCRYPTED" id="__VIEWSTATEENCRYPTED" value="" /> <input type="hidden" name="__EVENTVALIDATION" id="__EVENTVALIDATION" value="r5mCtS2MX59QHcebxP5UXL+77jGQUQF8hDvso+h1+YN7OvixvmNqz3VW5+Ka7AJgNMb7ViI5thKl91CRHEwrtpPV54zj6aOygUZQi8KkyGRiXEkRhkqgQoObNRmsE1JmZ4NxIZnBdmxzVNnb/myJNIJtAE7EjGcE/2bPHpOUiNU=" /> </div> <!--[if lt IE 11]> <p class='browsehappy'>You are using an <strong>outdated</strong> browser. 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Divisions</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="nav__lvl2--list"> <a class="lvl2-name" href="/about-cccs/careers"> <span>Careers</span> <i class="icon-chevron-down js-next-menu-lvl2 mobileOnly"></i> <i class="icon-circle-down js-next-menu-lvl2 desktopOnly"></i> </a> <div class="nav-megamenu__columns"> <div class="nav-megamenu__columns--first"> <ul class="nav-megamenu__listing"> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/about-cccs/careers/our-people"><span>Our People</span></a></li> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/about-cccs/careers/why-join-cccs"><span>Why Join CCCS</span></a></li> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/about-cccs/careers/opportunities"><span>Opportunities</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="nav__lvl2--list"> <a class="lvl2-name" href="/about-cccs/contact-us"> <span>Contact Us</span> <i class="icon-chevron-down js-next-menu-lvl2 mobileOnly"></i> <i class="icon-circle-down js-next-menu-lvl2 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desktopOnly"></i> </a> <div class="nav-megamenu__columns"> <div class="nav-megamenu__columns--first"> <ul class="nav-megamenu__listing"> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/legislation/competition-act/environmental-sustainability-collaboration-guidance-note"><span>Environmental Sustainability Collaboration Guidance Note</span></a></li> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/legislation/competition-act/business-collaboration-guidance-note"><span>Business Collaboration Guidance Note</span></a></li> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/legislation/competition-act/financial-penalty-framework"><span>Financial Penalty Framework</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="nav__lvl2--list"> <a class="lvl2-name" href="/legislation/consumer-protection-fair-trading-act"> <span>Consumer Protection (Fair Trading) Act</span> <i class="icon-chevron-down js-next-menu-lvl2 mobileOnly"></i> <i class="icon-circle-down js-next-menu-lvl2 desktopOnly"></i> </a> <div class="nav-megamenu__columns"> <div class="nav-megamenu__columns--first"> <ul class="nav-megamenu__listing"> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/legislation/consumer-protection-fair-trading-act/fair-trading-practices-for-beauty-industry"><span>Fair Trading Practices for Beauty Industry</span></a></li> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/legislation/consumer-protection-fair-trading-act/fair-trading-practices-for-the-renovation-industry"><span>Fair Trading Practices for the Renovation Industry</span></a></li> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/legislation/consumer-protection-fair-trading-act/price-transparency-guidelines"><span>Guidelines on Price Transparency</span></a></li> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/legislation/consumer-protection-fair-trading-act/what-happens-if-you-are-misled-into-making-a-purchase"><span>What happens if you are misled into making a purchase?</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li> <a class="nav__link" href="/anti-competitive-behaviour"> Anti-competitive Behaviour <i class="icon-chevron-down js-next-menu-lvl1 mobileOnly"></i> </a> <div class="nav-megamenu scrollbar-inner"> <div class="nav-megamenu-wrap"> <div class="container"> <ul class="nav__lvl2"> <li class="nav__lvl2--list"> <a class="lvl2-name" href="/anti-competitive-behaviour/anti-competitive-agreements"> <span>Anti-Competitive Agreements</span> <i class="icon-chevron-down js-next-menu-lvl2 mobileOnly"></i> <i class="icon-circle-down js-next-menu-lvl2 desktopOnly"></i> </a> <div class="nav-megamenu__columns"> <div class="nav-megamenu__columns--first"> <ul class="nav-megamenu__listing"> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/anti-competitive-behaviour/anti-competitive-agreements/how-do-i-recognise"><span>How do I recognise an anti-competitive agreement?</span></a></li> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/anti-competitive-behaviour/anti-competitive-agreements/more-information"><span>Where can I find more information?</span></a></li> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/anti-competitive-behaviour/anti-competitive-agreements/what-can-cccs-do"><span>What can CCCS do?</span></a></li> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/anti-competitive-behaviour/anti-competitive-agreements/what-can-i-do"><span>What can I do?</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="nav__lvl2--list"> <a class="lvl2-name" href="/anti-competitive-behaviour/abuse-of-dominance"> <span>Abuse of Dominance</span> <i class="icon-chevron-down js-next-menu-lvl2 mobileOnly"></i> <i class="icon-circle-down js-next-menu-lvl2 desktopOnly"></i> </a> <div class="nav-megamenu__columns"> <div class="nav-megamenu__columns--first"> <ul class="nav-megamenu__listing"> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/anti-competitive-behaviour/abuse-of-dominance/how-do-i-recognise"><span>How do I recognise an abuse of dominance?</span></a></li> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/anti-competitive-behaviour/abuse-of-dominance/more-information"><span>Where can I find more information?</span></a></li> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/anti-competitive-behaviour/abuse-of-dominance/what-can-cccs-do"><span>What can CCCS do?</span></a></li> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/anti-competitive-behaviour/abuse-of-dominance/what-can-i-do"><span>What can I do?</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="nav__lvl2--list"> <a class="lvl2-name" href="/anti-competitive-behaviour/mergers"> <span>Anti-Competitive Mergers</span> <i class="icon-chevron-down js-next-menu-lvl2 mobileOnly"></i> <i class="icon-circle-down js-next-menu-lvl2 desktopOnly"></i> </a> <div class="nav-megamenu__columns"> <div class="nav-megamenu__columns--first"> <ul class="nav-megamenu__listing"> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/anti-competitive-behaviour/mergers/how-do-i-recognise"><span>How do I recognise an anti-competitive merger?</span></a></li> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/anti-competitive-behaviour/mergers/more-information"><span>Where can I find more information?</span></a></li> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/anti-competitive-behaviour/mergers/what-can-cccs-do"><span>What can CCCS do?</span></a></li> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/anti-competitive-behaviour/mergers/what-can-i-do"><span>What can I do?</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="nav__lvl2--list"> <a class="lvl2-name" href="/anti-competitive-behaviour/exclusions-and-exemptions"> <span>Exclusions & Exemptions</span> <i class="icon-chevron-down js-next-menu-lvl2 mobileOnly"></i> <i class="icon-circle-down js-next-menu-lvl2 desktopOnly"></i> </a> <div class="nav-megamenu__columns"> <div class="nav-megamenu__columns--first"> <ul class="nav-megamenu__listing"> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/anti-competitive-behaviour/exclusions-and-exemptions/more-information"><span>Where can I find more information?</span></a></li> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/anti-competitive-behaviour/exclusions-and-exemptions/specific-areas"><span>What are the specific areas of exclusion and exemption?</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li> <a class="nav__link" href="/approach-cccs"> Approach Us <i class="icon-chevron-down js-next-menu-lvl1 mobileOnly"></i> </a> <div class="nav-megamenu scrollbar-inner"> <div class="nav-megamenu-wrap"> <div class="container"> <ul class="nav__lvl2"> <li class="nav__lvl2--list"> <a class="lvl2-name" href="/approach-cccs/making-complaints"> <span>Feedback / Complaints</span> <i class="icon-chevron-down js-next-menu-lvl2 mobileOnly"></i> <i class="icon-circle-down js-next-menu-lvl2 desktopOnly"></i> </a> <div class="nav-megamenu__columns"> <div class="nav-megamenu__columns--first"> <ul class="nav-megamenu__listing"> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/approach-cccs/making-complaints/make-a-complaint"><span>Make a Complaint</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="nav__lvl2--list"> <a class="lvl2-name" href="/approach-cccs/reward-whistle-blowing-scheme"> <span>Reward / Whistle-Blowing Scheme</span> </a> </li> <li class="nav__lvl2--list"> <a class="lvl2-name" href="/approach-cccs/notifying-a-merger"> <span>Notify a Merger</span> <i class="icon-chevron-down js-next-menu-lvl2 mobileOnly"></i> <i class="icon-circle-down js-next-menu-lvl2 desktopOnly"></i> </a> <div class="nav-megamenu__columns"> <div class="nav-megamenu__columns--first"> <ul class="nav-megamenu__listing"> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/approach-cccs/notifying-a-merger/discussing-a-merger-with-cccs"><span>Discuss a merger with CCCS</span></a></li> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/approach-cccs/notifying-a-merger/how-are-mergers-assessed"><span>How are mergers assessed?</span></a></li> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/approach-cccs/notifying-a-merger/how-much-does-its-it-cost"><span>How much does it cost?</span></a></li> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/approach-cccs/notifying-a-merger/filing-a-merger-notification-with-cccs"><span>File a merger notification with CCCS</span></a></li> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/approach-cccs/notifying-a-merger/format-of-documents-to-submit-to-cccs"><span>Format of documents to submit to CCCS</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="nav__lvl2--list"> <a class="lvl2-name" href="/approach-cccs/seeking-guidance-and-decision"> <span>Seek Guidance and Decision</span> <i class="icon-chevron-down js-next-menu-lvl2 mobileOnly"></i> <i class="icon-circle-down js-next-menu-lvl2 desktopOnly"></i> </a> <div class="nav-megamenu__columns"> <div class="nav-megamenu__columns--first"> <ul class="nav-megamenu__listing"> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/approach-cccs/seeking-guidance-and-decision/benefit-from-getting-guidance-or-decision"><span>Benefit from getting guidance or decision</span></a></li> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/approach-cccs/seeking-guidance-and-decision/difference-between-guidance-and-decision"><span>Difference between guidance and decision</span></a></li> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/approach-cccs/seeking-guidance-and-decision/how-much-does-it-cost"><span>How much does it cost?</span></a></li> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/approach-cccs/seeking-guidance-and-decision/ask-for-guidance-or-a-decision"><span>Apply for guidance or a decision</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="nav__lvl2--list"> <a class="lvl2-name" href="/approach-cccs/file-under-block-exemption-order"> <span>File under Block Exemption Order</span> </a> </li> <li class="nav__lvl2--list"> <a class="lvl2-name" href="/approach-cccs/applying-for-leniency"> <span>Apply for Leniency</span> <i class="icon-chevron-down js-next-menu-lvl2 mobileOnly"></i> <i class="icon-circle-down js-next-menu-lvl2 desktopOnly"></i> </a> <div class="nav-megamenu__columns"> <div class="nav-megamenu__columns--first"> <ul class="nav-megamenu__listing"> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/approach-cccs/applying-for-leniency/eligibility"><span>Eligibility for leniency application</span></a></li> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/approach-cccs/applying-for-leniency/procedures"><span>Procedures under the leniency programme</span></a></li> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/approach-cccs/applying-for-leniency/submit-a-leniency-application"><span>Submit a leniency application</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="nav__lvl2--list"> <a class="lvl2-name" href="/approach-cccs/cooperating-with-cccs-investigation"> <span>Cooperate with CCCS</span> <i class="icon-chevron-down js-next-menu-lvl2 mobileOnly"></i> <i class="icon-circle-down js-next-menu-lvl2 desktopOnly"></i> </a> <div class="nav-megamenu__columns"> <div class="nav-megamenu__columns--first"> <ul class="nav-megamenu__listing"> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/approach-cccs/cooperating-with-cccs-investigation/entry-with-or-without-warrant"><span>Entry With or Without Warrant</span></a></li> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/approach-cccs/cooperating-with-cccs-investigation/investigation-procedures"><span>Investigation Procedures</span></a></li> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/approach-cccs/cooperating-with-cccs-investigation/notices-for-information-and-documents"><span>Notices for Information and Documents</span></a></li> <li class="lvl3-list"><a class="lvl3-name" href="/approach-cccs/cooperating-with-cccs-investigation/offences-and-sanctions"><span>Offences and 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What does the section 34 prohibition cover?</p> <i class="icon-chevron-down"></i> </div> <div class="accordion__content"> <div class="rte"> <p>Section 34 of the Act prohibits agreements between undertakings, decisions by associations of undertakings or concerted practices, which have as their object or effect, the prevention, restriction or distortion of competition in Singapore. <br /> <br /> Price-fixing, bid-rigging, sharing markets and limiting or controlling production or investment will almost always infringe the Act as they are, by their very nature, regarded as restrictive of competition to an appreciable extent. However, these are not the only examples of anti-competitive agreements. Other examples include price recommendations, and sharing of commercially sensitive information.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion" id="faq2"> <div class="accordion__controller"> <p>2. Is there some sort of summary for the guidelines?</p> <i class="icon-chevron-down"></i> </div> <div class="accordion__content"> <div class="rte"> <p>The CCCS Guideline on the Major Competition Provisions contains a summary of all the guidelines that CCCS has issued. You can find it on the <a href="/legislation/competition-act">CCCS website</a>.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion" id="faq3"> <div class="accordion__controller"> <p>3. Why is competition important?</p> <i class="icon-chevron-down"></i> </div> <div class="accordion__content"> <div class="rte"> <p>Competition spurs businesses to be more efficient, innovative and responsive to consumer needs. This means more effective and optimal use of resources and greater productivity gains for the economy. The benefits, brought about by a competitive market, are in turn cascaded to consumers, who will enjoy more choices, lower prices, better and more innovative products and services.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion" id="faq4"> <div class="accordion__controller"> <p>4. What is a competition compliance programme?</p> <i class="icon-chevron-down"></i> </div> <div class="accordion__content"> <div class="rte"> <p>A compliance programme provides a formal internal framework for ensuring that businesses, i.e., the management and individual employees, comply with competition law. It may include such elements as training to raise awareness of the law, the use of checklists to ensure compliance by individual staff with company policies, recording systems to document any permitted contacts that staff have with competitors, and independent reviews of agreements, behaviour and staff to monitor ongoing compliance.</p> <p>Competition compliance can be either standalone or part of a company's overall regulatory compliance programme. </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion" id="faq5"> <div class="accordion__controller"> <p>5. What is the role of CCCS vis-a-vis CASE and STB under CPFTA?</p> <i class="icon-chevron-down"></i> </div> <div class="accordion__content"> <div class="rte"> <p class="Default"><span>The Consumers Association of Singapore (CASE) and the Singapore Tourism Board (STB) remain the first points of contact for local consumers and tourists respectively to handle complaints. CASE will assist aggrieved consumers to obtain redress, and in some cases, compensation through negotiation and/or mediation. Errant retailers may enter into a Voluntary Compliance Agreement (VCA) with CASE or STB, where they will agree in writing to stop the unfair practice, and in some cases, compensate affected local consumers or tourists. Errant retailers who persist in unfair trade practices will be referred to CCCS for investigation. </span></p> <p class="Default">As the administering agency, CCCS will gather evidence against persistent errant retailers, file timely injunction applications with the courts against persistent errant retailers and enforce compliance with injunction orders issued by the courts. CCCS is a statutory board under MTI whose previous mandate was to administer the Competition Act 2004. As of 1 April 2018, CCCS took on the role of administering the CPFTA. The complementary nature of competition and consumer protection work allows CCCS to better regulate and promote well-functioning markets.</p> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div class="rte"> <p></p> </div> <div class="social-sharing-widget"> <div class="social-sharing-widget__left"> <p>Last Updated on 15 March 2023</p> </div> <div class="social-sharing-widget__right"> <span class="share-page">Share this page</span> <div class="social-sharing-widget__right--medias"> <ul class="links sharethis-inline-share-buttons"></ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col10-md-2"> <div class="faq-side-nav"> <ul> <li> <a id="mainplaceholder_0_ctlDesktopSidebar_categoryRepeater_redirect_0" title="Role of the CCCS" href="/faq/role-of-the-cccs">Role of the CCCS</a></li> <li> <a id="mainplaceholder_0_ctlDesktopSidebar_categoryRepeater_redirect_1" title="Scope of the Consumer Protection Fair Trading Act" href="/faq/scope-of-the-consumer-protection-fair-trading-act">Scope of the Consumer Protection Fair Trading Act</a></li> <li> <a id="mainplaceholder_0_ctlDesktopSidebar_categoryRepeater_redirect_2" title="Scope of the Competition Act" href="/faq/scope-of-the-competition-act">Scope of the Competition Act</a></li> <li> <a id="mainplaceholder_0_ctlDesktopSidebar_categoryRepeater_redirect_3" title="CCCS Guidelines" href="/faq/cccs-guidelines">CCCS Guidelines</a></li> <li> <a id="mainplaceholder_0_ctlDesktopSidebar_categoryRepeater_redirect_4" title="Defining the market" href="/faq/defining-the-market">Defining the market</a></li> <li> <a id="mainplaceholder_0_ctlDesktopSidebar_categoryRepeater_redirect_5" title="Agreements between Undertakings" href="/faq/agreements-between-undertakings">Agreements between Undertakings</a></li> <li> <a id="mainplaceholder_0_ctlDesktopSidebar_categoryRepeater_redirect_6" title="Block Exemptions" href="/faq/block-exemptions">Block Exemptions</a></li> <li> <a id="mainplaceholder_0_ctlDesktopSidebar_categoryRepeater_redirect_7" title="Trade Associations" href="/faq/trade-associations">Trade Associations</a></li> <li> <a id="mainplaceholder_0_ctlDesktopSidebar_categoryRepeater_redirect_8" title="Dominant Businesses / Companies" href="/faq/dominant-businesses-companies">Dominant Businesses / Companies</a></li> <li> <a id="mainplaceholder_0_ctlDesktopSidebar_categoryRepeater_redirect_9" title="Complaints, Investigations and Enforcement" href="/faq/complaints-investigations-and-enforcement">Complaints, Investigations and Enforcement</a></li> <li> <a id="mainplaceholder_0_ctlDesktopSidebar_categoryRepeater_redirect_10" title="Entry into Premises with Warrant" href="/faq/entry-into-premises-with-warrant">Entry into Premises with Warrant</a></li> <li> <a id="mainplaceholder_0_ctlDesktopSidebar_categoryRepeater_redirect_11" title="Entry into Premises without Warrant" href="/faq/entry-into-premises-without-warrant">Entry into Premises without Warrant</a></li> <li> <a id="mainplaceholder_0_ctlDesktopSidebar_categoryRepeater_redirect_12" title="Approaching CCCS for Leniency or Reward" href="/faq/approaching-cccs-for-leniency-or-reward">Approaching CCCS for Leniency or Reward</a></li> <li> <a id="mainplaceholder_0_ctlDesktopSidebar_categoryRepeater_redirect_13" title="Approaching CCCS for Guidance or Decision" href="/faq/approaching-cccs-for-guidance-or-decision">Approaching CCCS for Guidance or Decision</a></li> <li> <a id="mainplaceholder_0_ctlDesktopSidebar_categoryRepeater_redirect_14" title="Compliance with Competition Law" href="/faq/compliance-with-competition-law">Compliance with Competition Law</a></li> <li> <a id="mainplaceholder_0_ctlDesktopSidebar_categoryRepeater_redirect_15" title="ASEAN/Trade agreements" href="/faq/asean-trade-agreements">ASEAN/Trade agreements</a></li> <li> <a id="mainplaceholder_0_ctlDesktopSidebar_categoryRepeater_redirect_16" title="Competition Act &amp; 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