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37.678l-2.772-3.9h-.93v3.805h-1.25v-9.03h2.507c1.878 0 3.047.914 3.047 2.569 0 1.375-.815 2.185-2.01 2.499l2.728 3.779-1.32.27zm-2.507-8.037h-1.195v3.1h1.063c1.213 0 1.984-.54 1.984-1.558 0-1.02-.63-1.542-1.852-1.542M97.216 37.591l-5.049-7.027v7.027h-1.16v-9.03h1.116l4.871 6.766v-6.766h1.16v9.03h-.947zM104.576 28.518h1.249l3.543 8.899-1.24.261-1.081-2.804h-3.738l-1.027 2.708h-1.302l3.596-9.073zm-.868 5.276h2.932l-1.462-3.83-1.461 3.83zM115.701 29.685v7.906h-1.249v-7.906h-2.931V28.56h7.006l.186 1.124zM121.591 37.591v-9.03h1.249v9.03zM130.307 37.757c-2.577 0-4.216-1.881-4.216-4.676s1.665-4.694 4.243-4.694c2.577 0 4.216 1.881 4.216 4.676s-1.648 4.702-4.243 4.702zm.018-8.246c-1.825 0-2.941 1.384-2.941 3.56 0 2.178 1.134 3.562 2.941 3.562s2.94-1.384 2.94-3.561-1.133-3.562-2.94-3.562M143.921 37.591l-5.049-7.027v7.027h-1.16v-9.03h1.116l4.871 6.766v-6.766h1.161v9.03h-.948zM151.28 28.518h1.249l3.543 8.899-1.24.261-1.081-2.804h-3.738l-1.027 2.708h-1.302l3.596-9.073zm-.868 5.276h2.932l-1.462-3.83-1.461 3.83zM158.897 37.591v-9.03h1.249v7.88h3.312l.178 1.15zM172.936 33.925h-.975v3.666h-1.249v-9.03h2.436c1.94 0 3.118.932 3.118 2.604 0 1.846-1.329 2.76-3.33 2.76m.141-4.284h-1.116v3.196h1.037c1.248 0 1.992-.514 1.992-1.637 0-1.036-.664-1.559-1.913-1.559M179.18 37.591v-9.03h4.951v1.124h-3.702v2.62h2.879l.186 1.124h-3.065v3.039h3.835v1.123zM190.119 28.518h1.249l3.543 8.899-1.24.261-1.081-2.804h-3.738l-1.027 2.708h-1.302l3.596-9.073zm-.868 5.276h2.932l-1.462-3.83-1.461 3.83zM201.606 37.757c-2.586 0-4.251-1.881-4.251-4.676s1.691-4.694 4.278-4.694c1.089 0 1.904.27 2.613.75l-.186 1.253c-.665-.496-1.453-.88-2.436-.88-1.86 0-2.967 1.385-2.967 3.562s1.116 3.544 2.967 3.544c.983 0 1.851-.383 2.586-.906l.186 1.167c-.708.514-1.727.88-2.781.88zM207.479 37.591v-9.03h4.951v1.124h-3.702v2.62h2.878l.186 1.124h-3.064v3.039h3.835v1.123zM0 18.957v.087C.053 29.51 8.698 38 19.37 38V0C8.699 0 .054 8.481 0 18.957"></path><path d="M19.308 37.991h19.335V0H19.317v.07c10.584 0 19.158 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class="center-preview" data-v-649ad59d data-v-afbff848><div class="center-title" data-v-afbff848><div class="body direction-ltr typography" data-v-afbff848 data-v-239cd353>Carnegie Endowment for International Peace</div></div><div class="center-info" data-v-afbff848><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 16 20" class="direction-ltr location-icon" data-v-afbff848 data-v-6fa14250><path fill="currentColor" d="M15.368 4.776a7.8 7.8 0 0 0-1.719-2.488A8 8 0 0 0 11.109.615 8.1 8.1 0 0 0 8 0a8.1 8.1 0 0 0-3.108.613 8 8 0 0 0-2.541 1.673A7.8 7.8 0 0 0 .632 4.774 7.6 7.6 0 0 0 0 7.828c0 1.518.363 3.03 1.077 4.488.575 1.172 1.377 2.314 2.388 3.4 1.726 1.854 3.537 2.987 4.051 3.29a.95.95 0 0 0 .964 0c.514-.303 2.324-1.436 4.051-3.29 1.01-1.084 1.813-2.228 2.387-3.4C15.637 10.86 16 9.351 16 7.83a7.6 7.6 0 0 0-.632-3.054M8 17.488c-1.417-.9-6.452-4.469-6.452-9.658a6.16 6.16 0 0 1 1.884-4.436A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 8 1.548c1.727 0 3.348.656 4.568 1.848a6.15 6.15 0 0 1 1.884 4.434c0 5.19-5.035 8.757-6.452 9.658M8 4.215a3.785 3.785 0 1 0 0 7.57 3.785 3.785 0 0 0 0-7.57m1.703 5.488A2.4 2.4 0 0 1 8 10.41a2.4 2.4 0 0 1-1.703-.706A2.4 2.4 0 0 1 5.59 8a2.4 2.4 0 0 1 .706-1.703A2.4 2.4 0 0 1 8 5.59c.643 0 1.247.25 1.703.706s.706 1.06.706 1.703-.25 1.247-.706 1.703"></path></svg><ul class="center-locations" data-v-afbff848><li class="label-small direction-ltr typography center-location" data-v-afbff848 data-v-239cd353>Washington DC, USA</li></ul></div></div></span><div class="arrow-container" data-v-56cfe9ad><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="10" height="6" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" class="direction-ltr arrow" data-v-56cfe9ad data-v-6fa14250><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" d="M8.791.833 5 4.625 1.208.833"></path></svg></div></button><div style="display:none;" class="items" data-v-56cfe9ad><ul data-v-649ad59d><li data-v-649ad59d><div class="dropdown-menu-item center-menu-item" data-v-649ad59d data-v-16c7b6b1><a href="/china" class="anchor link" newtab="false" data-v-16c7b6b1><div class="center-preview" data-v-649ad59d data-v-afbff848><div class="center-title" data-v-afbff848><div class="body direction-ltr typography" data-v-afbff848 data-v-239cd353>Carnegie China</div></div><div class="center-info" data-v-afbff848><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 16 20" class="direction-ltr location-icon" data-v-afbff848 data-v-6fa14250><path fill="currentColor" d="M15.368 4.776a7.8 7.8 0 0 0-1.719-2.488A8 8 0 0 0 11.109.615 8.1 8.1 0 0 0 8 0a8.1 8.1 0 0 0-3.108.613 8 8 0 0 0-2.541 1.673A7.8 7.8 0 0 0 .632 4.774 7.6 7.6 0 0 0 0 7.828c0 1.518.363 3.03 1.077 4.488.575 1.172 1.377 2.314 2.388 3.4 1.726 1.854 3.537 2.987 4.051 3.29a.95.95 0 0 0 .964 0c.514-.303 2.324-1.436 4.051-3.29 1.01-1.084 1.813-2.228 2.387-3.4C15.637 10.86 16 9.351 16 7.83a7.6 7.6 0 0 0-.632-3.054M8 17.488c-1.417-.9-6.452-4.469-6.452-9.658a6.16 6.16 0 0 1 1.884-4.436A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 8 1.548c1.727 0 3.348.656 4.568 1.848a6.15 6.15 0 0 1 1.884 4.434c0 5.19-5.035 8.757-6.452 9.658M8 4.215a3.785 3.785 0 1 0 0 7.57 3.785 3.785 0 0 0 0-7.57m1.703 5.488A2.4 2.4 0 0 1 8 10.41a2.4 2.4 0 0 1-1.703-.706A2.4 2.4 0 0 1 5.59 8a2.4 2.4 0 0 1 .706-1.703A2.4 2.4 0 0 1 8 5.59c.643 0 1.247.25 1.703.706s.706 1.06.706 1.703-.25 1.247-.706 1.703"></path></svg><ul class="center-locations" data-v-afbff848><li class="label-small direction-ltr typography center-location" data-v-afbff848 data-v-239cd353>Activities in Singapore and Beijing, China</li></ul></div></div></a></div></li><li data-v-649ad59d><div class="dropdown-menu-item center-menu-item" data-v-649ad59d data-v-16c7b6b1><a href="/europe" class="anchor link" newtab="false" data-v-16c7b6b1><div class="center-preview" data-v-649ad59d data-v-afbff848><div class="center-title" data-v-afbff848><div class="body direction-ltr typography" data-v-afbff848 data-v-239cd353>Carnegie Europe</div></div><div class="center-info" data-v-afbff848><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 16 20" class="direction-ltr location-icon" data-v-afbff848 data-v-6fa14250><path fill="currentColor" d="M15.368 4.776a7.8 7.8 0 0 0-1.719-2.488A8 8 0 0 0 11.109.615 8.1 8.1 0 0 0 8 0a8.1 8.1 0 0 0-3.108.613 8 8 0 0 0-2.541 1.673A7.8 7.8 0 0 0 .632 4.774 7.6 7.6 0 0 0 0 7.828c0 1.518.363 3.03 1.077 4.488.575 1.172 1.377 2.314 2.388 3.4 1.726 1.854 3.537 2.987 4.051 3.29a.95.95 0 0 0 .964 0c.514-.303 2.324-1.436 4.051-3.29 1.01-1.084 1.813-2.228 2.387-3.4C15.637 10.86 16 9.351 16 7.83a7.6 7.6 0 0 0-.632-3.054M8 17.488c-1.417-.9-6.452-4.469-6.452-9.658a6.16 6.16 0 0 1 1.884-4.436A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 8 1.548c1.727 0 3.348.656 4.568 1.848a6.15 6.15 0 0 1 1.884 4.434c0 5.19-5.035 8.757-6.452 9.658M8 4.215a3.785 3.785 0 1 0 0 7.57 3.785 3.785 0 0 0 0-7.57m1.703 5.488A2.4 2.4 0 0 1 8 10.41a2.4 2.4 0 0 1-1.703-.706A2.4 2.4 0 0 1 5.59 8a2.4 2.4 0 0 1 .706-1.703A2.4 2.4 0 0 1 8 5.59c.643 0 1.247.25 1.703.706s.706 1.06.706 1.703-.25 1.247-.706 1.703"></path></svg><ul class="center-locations" data-v-afbff848><li class="label-small direction-ltr typography center-location" data-v-afbff848 data-v-239cd353>Brussels, Belgium</li></ul></div></div></a></div></li><li data-v-649ad59d><div class="dropdown-menu-item center-menu-item" data-v-649ad59d data-v-16c7b6b1><a href="/india" class="anchor link" newtab="false" data-v-16c7b6b1><div class="center-preview" data-v-649ad59d data-v-afbff848><div class="center-title" data-v-afbff848><div class="body direction-ltr typography" data-v-afbff848 data-v-239cd353>Carnegie India</div></div><div class="center-info" data-v-afbff848><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 16 20" class="direction-ltr location-icon" data-v-afbff848 data-v-6fa14250><path fill="currentColor" d="M15.368 4.776a7.8 7.8 0 0 0-1.719-2.488A8 8 0 0 0 11.109.615 8.1 8.1 0 0 0 8 0a8.1 8.1 0 0 0-3.108.613 8 8 0 0 0-2.541 1.673A7.8 7.8 0 0 0 .632 4.774 7.6 7.6 0 0 0 0 7.828c0 1.518.363 3.03 1.077 4.488.575 1.172 1.377 2.314 2.388 3.4 1.726 1.854 3.537 2.987 4.051 3.29a.95.95 0 0 0 .964 0c.514-.303 2.324-1.436 4.051-3.29 1.01-1.084 1.813-2.228 2.387-3.4C15.637 10.86 16 9.351 16 7.83a7.6 7.6 0 0 0-.632-3.054M8 17.488c-1.417-.9-6.452-4.469-6.452-9.658a6.16 6.16 0 0 1 1.884-4.436A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 8 1.548c1.727 0 3.348.656 4.568 1.848a6.15 6.15 0 0 1 1.884 4.434c0 5.19-5.035 8.757-6.452 9.658M8 4.215a3.785 3.785 0 1 0 0 7.57 3.785 3.785 0 0 0 0-7.57m1.703 5.488A2.4 2.4 0 0 1 8 10.41a2.4 2.4 0 0 1-1.703-.706A2.4 2.4 0 0 1 5.59 8a2.4 2.4 0 0 1 .706-1.703A2.4 2.4 0 0 1 8 5.59c.643 0 1.247.25 1.703.706s.706 1.06.706 1.703-.25 1.247-.706 1.703"></path></svg><ul class="center-locations" data-v-afbff848><li class="label-small direction-ltr typography center-location" data-v-afbff848 data-v-239cd353>New Delhi, India</li></ul></div></div></a></div></li><li data-v-649ad59d><div class="dropdown-menu-item center-menu-item" data-v-649ad59d data-v-16c7b6b1><a href="/middle-east" class="anchor link" newtab="false" data-v-16c7b6b1><div class="center-preview" data-v-649ad59d data-v-afbff848><div class="center-title" data-v-afbff848><div class="body direction-ltr typography" data-v-afbff848 data-v-239cd353>Malcolm H. Kerr Carnegie Middle East Center</div></div><div class="center-info" data-v-afbff848><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 16 20" class="direction-ltr location-icon" data-v-afbff848 data-v-6fa14250><path fill="currentColor" d="M15.368 4.776a7.8 7.8 0 0 0-1.719-2.488A8 8 0 0 0 11.109.615 8.1 8.1 0 0 0 8 0a8.1 8.1 0 0 0-3.108.613 8 8 0 0 0-2.541 1.673A7.8 7.8 0 0 0 .632 4.774 7.6 7.6 0 0 0 0 7.828c0 1.518.363 3.03 1.077 4.488.575 1.172 1.377 2.314 2.388 3.4 1.726 1.854 3.537 2.987 4.051 3.29a.95.95 0 0 0 .964 0c.514-.303 2.324-1.436 4.051-3.29 1.01-1.084 1.813-2.228 2.387-3.4C15.637 10.86 16 9.351 16 7.83a7.6 7.6 0 0 0-.632-3.054M8 17.488c-1.417-.9-6.452-4.469-6.452-9.658a6.16 6.16 0 0 1 1.884-4.436A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 8 1.548c1.727 0 3.348.656 4.568 1.848a6.15 6.15 0 0 1 1.884 4.434c0 5.19-5.035 8.757-6.452 9.658M8 4.215a3.785 3.785 0 1 0 0 7.57 3.785 3.785 0 0 0 0-7.57m1.703 5.488A2.4 2.4 0 0 1 8 10.41a2.4 2.4 0 0 1-1.703-.706A2.4 2.4 0 0 1 5.59 8a2.4 2.4 0 0 1 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data-v-fedd3581><div class="rich-text" data-v-fedd3581><p>A one-stop source for following crucial trends in the most significant antigovernment protests worldwide since 2017. <strong>Last updated on November 14, 2024</strong></p></div><div class="rich-text" data-v-fedd3581><p><em>For a short informational summary of recent pro-Israel and pro-Palestine protests and rallies, </em><a href="https://ceipfiles.s3.amazonaws.com/pdf/GPT+-+Israel-Palestine+Protest+Statement-08-2024.pdf" target="_blank" rel=""><em>click here</em></a><em>.</em></p></div></div></div><div class="cols cols--equal-heights"><div class="col col-25"><div class="padded"> Over <strong>700</strong> significant antigovernment protests have erupted worldwide. </div></div><div class="col col-25"><div class="padded"> More than <strong>147</strong> countries have experienced significant protests. </div></div><div class="col col-25"><div class="padded"><strong>18%</strong> of protests have lasted more than three months. </div></div><div class="col col-25"><div class="padded"><strong>258</strong> significant economic antigovernment protests have occurred since 2017. </div></div></div></div><div class="section map"><div id="chartdiv"></div><div id="info"></div><div id="aboutTab"><div id="aboutTabContent"><div class="top-section"><div class="close-button"><button class="close-panel" id="close-about"><span class="ceip-icon icon-cancel-circle">X</span></button></div><div class="foreground"><ul class="nav nav-tabs"><li class="active"><div class="tab-clicks">About</div></li><li><div class="tab-clicks">Definitions</div></li><li><div class="tab-clicks">Limitations</div></li><li><div class="tab-clicks">Data Sources</div></li><li><div class="tab-clicks"> Related Publications </div></li></ul></div></div><div class="section about-overlay"><div class="foreground"><div class="tab-content"><div class="tab-pane fade in active" role="tabpanel" id="aboutTracker"><div class="component"><div class="cols gutter-bottom"><div class="col col-30"><div class="gutter-right"><p> Use Carnegie’s Global Protest Tracker to analyze and compare the triggers, motivations, and other aspects of many of the most significant antigovernment protests since 2017. Designed for researchers, decisionmakers, and journalists, this comprehensive resource helps illustrate how protests impact today’s global politics. </p></div></div><div class="col col-70"><div class="gutter-left"><div class="videoEmbed"><iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/jcnWgBkK8D0?wmode=transparent&enablejsapi=1&origin=https%3A%2F%2Fcarnegieendowment.org" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" data-gtm-yt-inspected-8="true" id="723338973" data-gtm-yt-inspected-13="true" data-gtm-yt-inspected-37160727_28="true" title="Global Protest Tracker: Measure Society's Impact On Global Politics"></iframe></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="tab-pane fade in" role="tabpanel" id="definitions"><div class="component"><h4>Filters</h4><div class="cols gutter-bottom"><div class="col col-50"><div class="gutter-right"><strong>Active</strong><p>Ongoing protests only.</p><strong>All protests</strong><p>Resets the table to include all protests.</p><strong>COVID-19</strong><p> Protests related to COVID-19, the disease caused by the new coronavirus. See the note under “Protest significance” on the “Limitations” tab. </p><strong>Large</strong><p>Protests with a peak size of 100,000 people or more.</p></div></div><div class="col col-50"><div class="gutter-left"><strong>Long</strong><p>Protests with a duration of at least three months</p><strong>Outcome</strong><p> Protests that have resulted in a significant government policy or leadership change. </p><strong>Violent</strong><p>Protests that have experienced violent government crackdowns.</p></div></div></div><h4>Key Terms</h4><div class="cols gutter-bottom"><div class="col col-50"><div class="gutter-right"><strong>Duration </strong><p>Time span between the first and last reports of the protests.</p><strong>Freedom rating (Status)</strong><p> Rating of a country in the Freedom House’s annual <em>Freedom in the World</em> report at the time the protest started, reflecting the status of political rights and civil liberties in that country. </p><strong>Key participants </strong><p>Notable groups protesting, although not exhaustive.</p><strong>Motivations </strong><p> Systemic concerns that underlie the protest movement. To encapsulate a broad range of antigovernment grievances, the three overarching categories of motivations are economic, political, and corruption. Corruption is considered separately because it can be economic and/or political in nature and often stems from government officials’ conduct rather than government policies. These categories of motivations are not exclusive: protests are often driven by a diverse range of concerns. </p></div></div><div class="col col-50"><div class="gutter-left"><strong>Peak Size</strong><p>Estimated peak number of protesters.</p><strong>Outcomes </strong><p> Reported near-term policy changes or leadership changes in response to the protests. </p><strong>Protest name </strong><p> Protests’ commonly used name, if any (for example, the Yellow Vest protests), or an abbreviated description of the protests. </p><strong>Significant protests </strong><p> Sizable street protests that express opposition to the national government as a whole or to its recent policies or actions. </p><strong>Start date </strong><p> When the protests are first reported in local or national news. </p><strong>Triggers </strong><p> Specific issue(s), event(s), or policy change(s) that sparked the protest. </p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="tab-pane fade in" role="tabpanel" id="limitations"><div class="component"><div class="cols gutter-bottom"><div class="col col-50"><div class="gutter-right"><strong>Comprehensiveness </strong><p> The tracker focuses on antigovernment protests. It excludes rallies in support of a political cause, party, or political figure. </p><strong>Duration </strong><p> Protests may be intermittent rather than constant, stopping and starting over weeks or months. </p><strong>Outcomes </strong><p> The tracker focuses on outcomes that are direct responses to the protests—specifically, policy or leadership changes that occur in the short term during or after a protest. As a result, it excludes events or changes that occur later, of which the protests may only be one of many causal factors. </p><strong>Protest size </strong><p> Reliable and accurate information on the number of protesters is not always available. In many cases, the only sources of information on a protest’s size are local authorities, who often underestimate the size of protests, or protest organizers, who may overestimate the size of protests. </p></div></div><div class="col col-50"><div class="gutter-left"><strong>Protest significance </strong><p> There is no scientifically precise way to define a significant protest. The word significant here is understood in terms of political importance: the impact of a protest on a country’s political life. While a protest’s size can give some indication of its importance, it is not determinative on its own. A large protest in a country where protesting is legal and occurs frequently may not be as significant as a small protest in a country where public demonstrations are banned and authorities are known to use violence against protesters. To account for the varying environments for protests across regime types, this tracker generally considers protests in contexts with a Freedom in the World rating of “free” or “partly free” to be significant if the protest’s peak size reaches or exceeds 10,000 protesters, and protests with a Freedom in the World rating of “not free” to be significant if the protest’s peak size reaches or exceeds 1,000 protesters. </p><p> Although most protests directly related to the coronavirus outbreak are so far quite small, they have been included in the tracker because of their potential impact on governance and policy at the local, national, and international levels and because of the overriding importance of the pandemic crisis. </p><strong>Reliance on English-language sources</strong><p> Data for this tracker are drawn from English-language news sources. </p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="tab-pane fade in" role="tabpanel" id="sources"><div class="component"><p> The data are based on reporting from credible news sources, with some cross-referencing for verification when possible. Publications and television outlets used to compile this data include (but are not limited to) Al Jazeera, the <em>Atlantic</em>, Balkan Insight, BBC, Bloomberg, CNN, DW News, the <em>Economist</em>, Euronews, <em>Financial Times</em>, <em>Foreign Affairs</em>, <em>Foreign Policy</em>, France24, the <em>Guardian</em>, the <em>Nation</em>, NBC News, <em>New York Times</em>, NPR, Reuters, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, <em>Vox</em>, <em>Wall Street Journal</em>, <em>Washington Post</em>, and <em>World Politics Review</em>. </p><p> Information on the status of political freedoms and civil liberties in each country is drawn from the annual <em>Freedom in the World</em> reports. </p><p> David Wong, a James C. Gaither junior fellow with Carnegie’s Democracy, Conflict, and Governance Program for 2019–2020, is primarily responsible for the compilation of the information in the tracker. </p></div></div><div class="tab-pane fade in" role="tabpanel" id="related"><div class="component"><strong>Recent publications from Carnegie scholars</strong><p> Thomas Carothers, “<a href="https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/2020-02-06/dictators-trouble" target="_blank">Dictators in Trouble</a>,” <em>Foreign Affairs</em>, February 6, 2020. </p><p> Thomas Carothers and David Wong, “<a href="https://carnegieendowment.org/2020/04/01/misunderstanding-global-protests-pub-81412" target="_blank">Misunderstanding Global Protests</a>,” Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, April 1, 2020. </p><p> Thomas Carothers and David Wong, “<a href="https://carnegieendowment.org/2020/05/04/coronavirus-pandemic-is-reshaping-global-protests-pub-81629" target="_blank">The Coronavirus Pandemic Is Reshaping Global Protests</a>,” Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, May 4, 2020. </p><p> Moisés Naím and Brian Winter, “<a href="https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/central-america-caribbean/2019-10-29/why-latin-america-was-primed-explode" target="_blank">Why Latin America Was Primed to Explode</a>,” <em>Foreign Affairs</em>, October 29, 2019. </p><p> Richard Youngs, ed., <em><a href="https://carnegieendowment.org/files/Youngs_AfterProtest_final2.pdf" target="_blank">After Protest: Pathways Beyond Mass Mobilization</a></em> (Washington, DC: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 2019). </p><p> Richard Youngs, “<a href="https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/transformation/after-protest-pathways-beyond-mass-mobilization/" target="_blank">After Protest: Pathways Beyond Mass Mobilization</a>,” openDemocracy, November 10, 2019. </p><strong>Additional publications</strong><p> Cynthia Arnson, Benjamin Gedan, Michael Penfold, Rossana Castiglioni, Catalina Lobo-Guerrero, Augusto de la Torre, and Jim Schultz, “<a href="https://www.wilsonquarterly.com/quarterly/the-power-of-protest/postcards-from-the-edge/?emci=40ed83cb-6b3d-ea11-a1cc-2818784d084f&emdi=2359b98b-e43d-ea11-a1cc-2818784d084f&ceid=43550" target="_blank">Postcards From the Edge</a>,” <em>Wilson Quarterly</em>, Winter 2020. </p><p> S. Erdem Aytaç and Susan Stokes, “<a href="https://www.wilsonquarterly.com/quarterly/the-power-of-protest/why-protest/" target="_blank">Why Protest?</a>” <em>Wilson Quarterly</em>, Winter 2020. </p><p> Samuel Brannen, Christian Stirling Haig and Katherine Schmidt, “<a href="https://www.csis.org/analysis/age-mass-protests-understanding-escalating-global-trend" target="_blank">The Age of Mass Protests: Understanding an Escalating Global Trend</a>,” Center for Strategic and International Studies, March 2, 2020. </p><p> Erica Chenoweth, Sirianne Dahlum, Sooyeon Kang, Zoe Marks, Christopher Wiley Shay, and Tore Wig, “<a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/11/16/this-may-be-largest-wave-nonviolent-mass-movements-world-history-what-comes-next/" target="_blank">This May Be the Largest Wave of Nonviolent Mass Movements in World History. What Comes Next?</a>” <em>Washington Post</em>, November 16, 2019. </p><p> Jonathan Pinckney and Miranda Rivers, “<a href="https://www.usip.org/publications/2020/03/nonviolent-action-time-coronavirus">Nonviolent Action in the Time of Coronavirus</a>,” United States Institute of Peace, March 25, 2020. </p><p> Robin Wright, “<a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/the-story-of-2019-protests-in-every-corner-of-the-globe" target="_blank">The Story of 2019: Protests in Every Corner of the Globe</a>,” <em>New Yorker</em>, December 30, 2019. </p></div></div></div></div></div></div><h3 class="active" id="aboutTabClick">About <span class="hide-mobile">the Tracker</span></h3></div></div><div class="section filter-area"><div class="filters"><form class="clean-form surveillance-radio toggle-wrapper padded-less" name="surveillance-radio" id="surveillance-radio" action="" method="get" enctype="multipart/form-data" autocomplete="off"><fieldset><div class="control-group"><label class="table-search"><input id="tableSearch" type="text" placeholder="Match protests to keywords"></label><strong>Filter protests by:</strong><label class="pub-type-label active" id="all"><span class="name">All</span><input class="checkradios" type="radio" value="all" name="radio-group" id="radio-all"></label><label class="pub-type-label" id="current"><span class="name">Active</span><input class="checkradios" type="radio" value="active" name="radio-group" id="radio-active"></label><label class="pub-type-label" id="large"><span class="name">Large</span><input class="checkradios" type="radio" value="large" name="radio-group" id="radio-large"></label><label class="pub-type-label" id="violent"><span class="name">Violent</span><input class="checkradios" type="radio" value="violent" name="radio-group" id="radio-violent"></label><label class="pub-type-label" id="violent"><span class="name">Long</span><input class="checkradios" type="radio" value="long" name="radio-group" 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