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Available in 22 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cunobelinos" title="Cunobelinos – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Cunobelinos" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cunobel%C3%AD" title="Cunobelí – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cunobelí" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cynfelyn" title="Cynfelyn – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cynfelyn" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cunobelinus" title="Cunobelinus – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Cunobelinus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cunobelino" title="Cunobelino – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cunobelino" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunobelino" title="Kunobelino – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kunobelino" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cunobelinos" title="Cunobelinos – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Cunobelinos" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunobelin" title="Kunobelin – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Kunobelin" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BF%A0%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8%EB%A6%AC%EB%88%84%EC%8A%A4" title="쿠노벨리누스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="쿠노벨리누스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cunobelinus" title="Cunobelinus – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Cunobelinus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cunobelino" title="Cunobelino – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cunobelino" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cunobelinus" title="Cunobelinus – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Cunobelinus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cunobelin" title="Cunobelin – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Cunobelin" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AF%E3%83%8E%E3%83%99%E3%83%AA%E3%83%8C%E3%82%B9" title="クノベリヌス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="クノベリヌス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cunobelin_av_britene" title="Cunobelin av britene – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Cunobelin av britene" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cunobelinus" title="Cunobelinus – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Cunobelinus" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cunobelino" title="Cunobelino – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cunobelino" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Кунобелин – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кунобелин" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cunobeline" title="Cunobeline – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Cunobeline" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunobelin" title="Kunobelin – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kunobelin" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cunobelinos" title="Cunobelinos – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Cunobelinos" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Кунобелін – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кунобелін" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cunobelin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Cunobelin.jpg/170px-Cunobelin.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="316" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Cunobelin.jpg/255px-Cunobelin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Cunobelin.jpg/340px-Cunobelin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="655" data-file-height="1219" /></a><figcaption>Coin of Cunobeline</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Cunobeline</b> or <b>Cunobelin</b> (<a href="/wiki/Common_Brittonic" title="Common Brittonic">Common Brittonic</a>: *<i>Cunobelinos</i>, "Dog-Strong"), also known by his name's <a href="/wiki/Latinisation_of_names" title="Latinisation of names">Latin form</a> <b><span title="Latin-language text"><span lang="la" style="font-style: normal;">Cunobelinus</span></span></b>, was a king in <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Britain" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Britain">pre-Roman Britain</a> from about <span class="nowrap">AD 9</span> to about <span class="nowrap">AD 40.</span><sup id="cite_ref-ODNB_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODNB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is mentioned in passing by the classical historians <a href="/wiki/Suetonius" title="Suetonius">Suetonius</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dio_Cassius" class="mw-redirect" title="Dio Cassius">Dio Cassius</a>, and many coins bearing his inscription have been found. He controlled a substantial portion of southeastern Britain, including the territories of the <a href="/wiki/Catuvellauni" title="Catuvellauni">Catuvellauni</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Trinovantes" title="Trinovantes">Trinovantes</a>, and he was called "<a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Britons" title="King of the Britons">King of the Britons</a>" (<i>Britannorum rex</i>) by Suetonius.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cunobeline may have been a <a href="/wiki/Client_king" class="mw-redirect" title="Client king">client king</a> of Rome, based on the images and legends appearing on his coins.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cunobeline appears in British legend as <b>Cynfelyn</b> (<a href="/wiki/Medieval_Welsh_literature" title="Medieval Welsh literature">Welsh</a>), <b>Kymbelinus</b> (<a href="/wiki/Medieval_Latin" title="Medieval Latin">medieval Latin</a>) or <b>Cymbeline</b>, as in <a href="/wiki/Cymbeline" title="Cymbeline">the play</a> by <a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">William Shakespeare</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cunobeline&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>His name is a compound composed of the Common Brittonic <i>*cuno-</i> "dog" and <i>*belino-</i> "strong", meaning "Strong as a Dog," or "Strong Dog."<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cunobeline&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <a href="/wiki/Numismatic" class="mw-redirect" title="Numismatic">numismatic</a> evidence, Cunobelinus appears to have taken power around AD 9 after the death of his father <a href="/wiki/Tasciovanus" title="Tasciovanus">Tasciovanus</a>, minting coins from both <a href="/wiki/Camulodunum" title="Camulodunum">Camulodunum</a> (<a href="/wiki/Colchester" title="Colchester">Colchester</a>, capital of the <a href="/wiki/Trinovantes" title="Trinovantes">Trinovantes</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Verlamion" title="Verlamion">Verlamion</a> (later the Roman town of <a href="/wiki/Verulamium" title="Verulamium">Verulamium</a>, now modern <a href="/wiki/St_Albans" title="St Albans">St Albans</a>), capital of the <a href="/wiki/Catuvellauni" title="Catuvellauni">Catuvellauni</a>. Some Verulamium coins call him the son of <a href="/wiki/Tasciovanus" title="Tasciovanus">Tasciovanus</a>, a previous king of the Catuvellauni.<sup id="cite_ref-Creighton_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Creighton-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some Tasciovanus' coins bear the title <span title="Cumbric-language text"><i lang="xcb">rigonos</i></span>, a derivative of the <a href="/wiki/Common_Brittonic" title="Common Brittonic">Brittonic</a> root <i>*rīgo-</i> meaning "king".<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unlike his father's, Cunobelinus' coins name no co-rulers.<sup id="cite_ref-Creighton_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Creighton-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His earliest issues are, however, from Camulodunum, indicating that he took power there first,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and some have a palm or laurel wreath design, a motif borrowed from the Romans indicating a military victory. It is possible that, following the Roman defeat in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Teutoburg_Forest" title="Battle of the Teutoburg Forest">Battle of the Teutoburg Forest</a> in <a href="/wiki/Germania" title="Germania">Germania</a> in AD 9, he was emboldened to act against the Trinovantes.<sup id="cite_ref-GW_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GW-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Trinovantes were a Roman ally whose independence was protected by a treaty with <a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar" title="Julius Caesar">Julius Caesar</a> in 54 BC. Still, problems in Germania severely discouraged <a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a>'s territorial ambitions and ability to defend allies in Britain.<sup id="cite_ref-GW_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GW-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cunobelinus appears to have maintained quite good relations with the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a>. He used the title <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Rex</i></span> (<a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a> 'king') and classical motifs on his coins, and his reign saw increased trade with the continent. <a href="/wiki/Archaeology" title="Archaeology">Archaeology</a> shows an increase in luxury goods imported from the continent, including Italian wine and drinking vessels, olive oil, and <a href="/wiki/Garum" title="Garum">fish sauces</a> from <a href="/wiki/Hispania" title="Hispania">Hispania</a>, glassware, jewellery, and Gallo-Belgic tableware, which from their distribution appear to have entered Britain via the port of Camulodunum.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a>, he was probably one of the British kings who sent embassies to Augustus. Strabo reports Rome's lucrative trade with Britain: the island's exports included grain, gold, silver, iron, hides, slaves, and hunting dogs.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cunobelinus.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Cunobelinus.gif/220px-Cunobelinus.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Cunobelinus.gif/330px-Cunobelinus.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Cunobelinus.gif/440px-Cunobelinus.gif 2x" data-file-width="468" data-file-height="233" /></a><figcaption>Coins of <b>Cunobelinus</b></figcaption></figure> <p>Cunobelinus had three sons, <a href="/wiki/Adminius" title="Adminius">Adminius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Togodumnus" title="Togodumnus">Togodumnus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Caratacus" title="Caratacus">Caratacus</a>, and a brother, <a href="/wiki/Epaticcus" title="Epaticcus">Epaticcus</a>, known to history. Epaticcus expanded his influence into the territory of the <a href="/wiki/Atrebates" title="Atrebates">Atrebates</a> in the early 20s, taking the Atrebatan capital <a href="/wiki/Calleva_Atrebatum" title="Calleva Atrebatum">Calleva</a> (<a href="/wiki/Silchester" title="Silchester">Silchester</a>) by about 25. He continued to expand his territory until he died at about 35 when Caratacus took over from him and the Atrebates recovered some of their territories.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Adminius, judging by his coins, had control of <a href="/wiki/Kent" title="Kent">Kent</a> by this time. Suetonius tells us that in about 40, he was banished from Britain by his father and sought refuge with the emperor <a href="/wiki/Caligula" title="Caligula">Caligula</a>. Caligula treated this as if the entire island had submitted to him and prepared an invasion of Britain. He abandoned it, however, in farcical circumstances by ordering his soldiers to attack the waves and gather seashells as the spoils of victory.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cunobelinus died about 40,<sup id="cite_ref-ODNB_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODNB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> probably within a year of that date.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Indeed, he was dead by 43.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Lexden#History" title="Lexden">Lexden Tumulus</a> on the outskirts of <a href="/wiki/Colchester" title="Colchester">Colchester</a> has been suggested as his tomb (although the earlier Trinovantian king <a href="/wiki/Addedomarus" title="Addedomarus">Addedomarus</a> is another candidate for its occupant).<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Caratacus completed the conquest of the Atrebates, and their king, <a href="/wiki/Verica" title="Verica">Verica</a>, fled to Rome, providing the new emperor, <a href="/wiki/Claudius" title="Claudius">Claudius</a>, with a pretext for the <a href="/wiki/Roman_conquest_of_Britain" title="Roman conquest of Britain">conquest of Britain</a>. Caratacus and Togodumnus led the initial resistance to the invasion. <a href="/wiki/Dio_Cassius" class="mw-redirect" title="Dio Cassius">Dio Cassius</a> tells us that the "Bodunni", a tribe who were tributary to the Catuvellauni, changed sides and supported the Romans. This is probably a misspelling of the <a href="/wiki/Dobunni" title="Dobunni">Dobunni</a> of <a href="/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire">Gloucestershire</a>, indicating that Cunobelinus's hegemony extended beyond the West Country.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Based on epigraphic evidence, it is possible that <a href="/wiki/Sallustius_Lucullus" title="Sallustius Lucullus">Sallustius Lucullus</a>, the Roman governor of Britain in the late 1st century, was his grandson.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legend_and_literature">Legend and literature</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cunobeline&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Legend and literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bronze_coins_of_Cunobelin_1_to_42_CE.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Bronze_coins_of_Cunobelin_1_to_42_CE.jpg/220px-Bronze_coins_of_Cunobelin_1_to_42_CE.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Bronze_coins_of_Cunobelin_1_to_42_CE.jpg/330px-Bronze_coins_of_Cunobelin_1_to_42_CE.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Bronze_coins_of_Cunobelin_1_to_42_CE.jpg/440px-Bronze_coins_of_Cunobelin_1_to_42_CE.jpg 2x" data-file-width="609" data-file-height="309" /></a><figcaption>Bronze coins of Cunobelin 1–42 AD. "CAMU" refers to <a href="/wiki/Camulodunum" title="Camulodunum">Camulodunon</a>, where the coin was minted. <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Museum of London">Museum of London</a>. </figcaption></figure> <p>Cunobelinus's memory was preserved in British legend and beyond. In the early 9th century, in <i><a href="/wiki/Historia_Brittonum" title="Historia Brittonum">Historia Brittonum</a></i>, Cunobeline appears as <i>Bellinus,</i> son of <i>Minocannus,</i> and is described as a British king in the time of Julius Caesar. The names of Cunobeline and his son Adminius probably became corrupt due to a series of scribal errors in the transmission of the name from <a href="/wiki/Suetonius" title="Suetonius">Suetonius</a>' <i><a href="/wiki/The_Twelve_Caesars#Caligula" title="The Twelve Caesars">Life of Caligula</a></i> to <a href="/wiki/Orosius" title="Orosius">Orosius</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Orosius#Historiae_Adversus_Paganos" title="Orosius">Historia adversus Paganos</a></i>, the latter of which was a primary source for the author of the <i>Historia Brittonum</i>: </p> <ol><li>Suetonius, <i>Caligula</i>, Ch.44 (early 2nd century): <i>Adminio, Cynobellini Brittannorum regis filio</i>.</li> <li>Orosius, <i>Historia adversus Paganos</i>, vii.5.5 (early 5th century): <i>Minocynobellinum Britannorum regis filium</i>.</li> <li><i>Historia Brittonum</i>, §19 (early 9th century): <i>Bellinus, filius Minocanni</i>.</li></ol> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Welsh_Triads" title="Welsh Triads">Welsh Triads</a> and medieval literature such as <i><a href="/wiki/Branwen_ferch_Ll%C5%B7r" title="Branwen ferch Llŷr">Branwen ferch Llŷr</a></i>, the <i><a href="/wiki/Dream_of_Macsen_Wledig" class="mw-redirect" title="Dream of Macsen Wledig">Dream of Macsen Wledig</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Lludd_and_Llefelys" title="Lludd and Llefelys">Lludd and Llefelys</a></i>, the Historia Brittonum's "Bellinus son of Minocannus" was transformed into Welsh as <i><a href="/wiki/Beli_Mawr" title="Beli Mawr">Beli Mawr</a></i> ("Beli the Great") son of <i>Mynogan</i> (also spelled <i>Manogan</i>). Beli, son of Mynogan/Managan, also appears in several medieval Welsh genealogies.<sup id="cite_ref-Bartrum,_Pete_1000,_pp._12-13_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bartrum,_Pete_1000,_pp._12-13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A mid-10th century <a href="/wiki/Harleian_Genealogies" class="mw-redirect" title="Harleian Genealogies">genealogy preserved in the medieval Welsh manuscript <i>Harleian 3859</i></a> contains three generations which read "Caratauc map Cinbelin map Teuhant". This is the equivalent of "Caratacus, son of Cunobelinus, son of Tasciovanus," putting the three historical figures in the correct order. However, the wrong historical context and the degree of linguistic change suggest a long period of oral transmission. The remainder of the genealogy contains the names of a sequence of Roman emperors and two <a href="/wiki/Welsh_mythology" title="Welsh mythology">Welsh mythological</a> figures, Guidgen (<a href="/wiki/Gwydion" title="Gwydion">Gwydion</a>) and Lou (<a href="/wiki/Lleu_Llaw_Gyffes" title="Lleu Llaw Gyffes">Lleu</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_of_Monmouth" title="Geoffrey of Monmouth">Geoffrey of Monmouth</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Historia_Regum_Britanniae" title="Historia Regum Britanniae">Historia Regum Britanniae</a></i> (composed around 1136,) Cunobeline appears multiple times. Geoffrey borrowed the <i>Historia Brittonum's</i> Bellinus and styles him as the general of Cassibelanus (i.e., <a href="/wiki/Cassivellaunus" title="Cassivellaunus">Cassivellaunus</a>) in his wars against Caesar (in the Welsh translations of Geoffrey's Historia, the <a href="/wiki/Brut_y_Brenhinedd" title="Brut y Brenhinedd">Brut y Brenhinedd</a>, Bellinus becomes <i>Beli</i>, steward of <i>Caswallawn</i>). The next appearance in Geoffrey's Historia is as Heli (son of Cligueillus), the father of the three brothers Cassibellanus, Lud, and Nennius, who reigned for forty years (in the Welsh translations, <i>Beli Mawr</i> is substituted for Geoffrey's Heli.)<sup id="cite_ref-Bartrum,_Pete_1000,_pp._12-13_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bartrum,_Pete_1000,_pp._12-13-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He then appears as Kymbelinus, son of <a href="/wiki/Tenvantius" class="mw-redirect" title="Tenvantius">Tenvantius</a>, a mighty warrior raised in the courts of <a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a>. He was very friendly with the Roman court: his country was equipped with Roman weapons, and all tributes to Rome were paid out of respect, not requirement. He had two sons, <a href="/wiki/Guiderius" title="Guiderius">Guiderius</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arvirargus" title="Arvirargus">Arvirargus</a>. Guiderius succeeded him but died in the early stages of <a href="/wiki/Claudius" title="Claudius">Claudius</a>'s invasion, leaving Arvirargus to carry on the fight.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Geoffrey's story was incorporated into <a href="/wiki/Raphael_Holinshed" title="Raphael Holinshed">Raphael Holinshed</a>'s <i>Chronicles</i> in 1577,<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where it was found by <a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">William Shakespeare</a> and used as the basis of his <a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_late_romances" title="Shakespeare's late romances">romance</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Cymbeline" title="Cymbeline">Cymbeline</a></i>. Beyond the name, there is virtually nothing in common between Cymbeline's figure and the historical Cunobelinus. The king, under the influence of his wicked second wife, forbids his daughter Imogen to marry Posthumus Leonatus, a low-born but worthy man, preferring that she marry his boorish stepson Cloten, leading to mistaken identity, jealousy caused by false accusations of infidelity and war with Rome provoked by the withholding of tribute, again at the instigation of the queen. In the end, peace between Britain and Rome is re-established, and Cymbeline is reunited with his two sons, Guiderius and Arviragus, who were abducted in childhood by Belarius, a wrongly banished nobleman. Imogen is reconciled with Posthumus. Cloten and his mother, the evil queen, get their just deserts.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cunobeline&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ODNB-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ODNB_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ODNB_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Malcolm Todd (2004), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-6939">"Cunobelinus [Cymbeline] (d. <i>c</i>. AD 40), king in southern Britain"</a>. <i>Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</i>. Retrieved 28 December 2017.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Cunobelinus">Encyclopædia Britannica – Cunobelinus</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Russell, M. (2017). Arthur and the Kings of Britain: The Historical Truth Behind the Myths. United Kingdom: Amberley Publishing.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Russell, M., Laycock, S. (2011). UnRoman Britain: Exposing the Great Myth of Britannia. United Kingdom: History Press.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Blanca_Mar%C3%ADa_Pr%C3%B3sper" title="Blanca María Prósper">Prósper, Blanca María</a>, "The irreducible Gauls used to swear by Belenos. Or did they? Celtic religion, henbane and historical misapprehensions". In: <i>Zeitschrift für Celtische Philologie</i> 64, 2017, pp. 255–298 (p. 262).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Xavier_Delamarre" title="Xavier Delamarre">Delamarre, Xavier</a>. <i>Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise</i>, 2nd ed. Editions Errance, 2003, p. 72; 132.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Creighton-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Creighton_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Creighton_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">John Creighton (2000), <i>Coins and power in Late Iron Age Britain</i>, Cambridge University Press; <a href="/wiki/Philip_de_Jersey" title="Philip de Jersey">Philip de Jersey</a> (1996), Celtic Coinage in Britain, Shire Archaeology</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">de Bernardo Stempel, P. "Die Sprache altbritannischer Munzlegenden", <i>Zeitschrift fur celtische Philologie</i> 44 (1991), pp. 36-55</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">This city is also called the capital of the Empire of Cunobelinus by <a href="/wiki/Dio_Cassius" class="mw-redirect" title="Dio Cassius">Dio Cassius</a> (<i>Roman History</i> 60.21.4).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GW-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GW_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GW_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Graham Webster (1978), <i>Boudica: the British Revolt Against Rome AD 60</i> p. 43</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Keith Branigan (1987), <i>The Catuvellauni</i>, Alan Sutton Publishing Ltd, pp. 10–11</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Strabo/4E*.html"><i>Geography</i> 4.5</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Suetonius" title="Suetonius">Suetonius</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Lives_of_the_Twelve_Caesars" class="mw-redirect" title="Lives of the Twelve Caesars">Lives of the Twelve Caesars</a></i>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Suetonius/12Caesars/Caligula*.html#44.2"><i>Caligula</i> 44.2–47</a>; <a href="/wiki/Dio_Cassius" class="mw-redirect" title="Dio Cassius">Dio Cassius</a>, <i>Roman History</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Cassius_Dio/59*.html#25">59.25</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Graham Webster, <i>Boudica: The British Revolt Against Rome AD 60</i> (London: Routledge, 2003 [1978]), p. 51.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">David Braund, <i>Ruling Roman Britain: Kings, Queens, Governors and Emperors from Julius Caesar to Agricola</i> (London: Routledge, 1996), p. 99.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Crummy, Philip (1997) City of Victory; the story of Colchester – Britain's first Roman town. Published by Colchester Archaeological Trust (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1%2B897719%2B04%2B3" title="Special:BookSources/1+897719+04+3">1 897719 04 3</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dio Cassius, <i>Roman History</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Cassius_Dio/60*.html#20">60.20</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Miles Russell (2006), "Roman Britain's Lost Governor", <i>Current Archaeology</i> 204, pp. 630–635; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.roman-britain.co.uk/people/sallustius-lucullus/">Sallustius Lucullus</a> at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.roman-britain.co.uk/">Roman=Britain.co.uk</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bartrum,_Pete_1000,_pp._12-13-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bartrum,_Pete_1000,_pp._12-13_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bartrum,_Pete_1000,_pp._12-13_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bartrum, Pete. A Welsh classical dictionary: people in history and legend up to about A.D. 1000, National Library of Wales, Aberystwyth, 1993, pp. 12-13; 560-561.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Harleian_MS_3859_Genealogies#15-16" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Harleian MS 3859 Genealogies"><i>Harleian Genealogies</i> 16</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040610042344/http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Aegean/2444/specs/caratacus.htm">The Heirs of Caratacus</a> – Cunobelinus and his relatives in medieval Welsh genealogies</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_of_Monmouth" title="Geoffrey of Monmouth">Geoffrey of Monmouth</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Historia_Regum_Britanniae" title="Historia Regum Britanniae">Historia Regum Britanniae</a></i> <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/History_of_the_Kings_of_Britain/Book_4#11" class="extiw" title="wikisource:History of the Kings of Britain/Book 4">4.11–12</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Raphael_Holinshed" title="Raphael Holinshed">Raphael Holinshed</a>, <i>Chronicles</i>: <i>History of England</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gutenberg.org/files/16511/16511-h/16511-h.htm#page478">Vol 3 Ch. 18</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">William Shakespeare</a>, <i><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Tragedy_of_Cymbeline" class="extiw" title="wikisource:The Tragedy of Cymbeline">Cymbeline</a></i></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cunobeline&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.roman-britain.co.uk/tribes/catuvellauni/">Catuvellauni</a> at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.roman-britain.co.uk">Roman-Britain.co.uk</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051108045201/http://romans-in-britain.org.uk/clb_tribe_catuvellauni.htm">Catuvellauni</a> at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051025030522/http://www.romans-in-britain.org.uk/">Romans in Britain</a></li> <li>William Smith (ed, 1870), <i>Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051219053627/http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-bio/0920.html">[1]</a><sup><a href="/wiki/Template:Usurped/doc" title="Template:Usurped/doc">[usurped]</a></sup></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;">Regnal titles </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Tasciovanus" title="Tasciovanus">Tasciovanus</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Catuvellauni#List_of_leaders_of_the_Catuvellauni" title="Catuvellauni">King of the Catuvellauni</a> </b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Togodumnus" title="Togodumnus">Togodumnus</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;">Legendary titles </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Tasciovanus" title="Tasciovanus">Tenvantius</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_legendary_kings_of_Britain" title="List of legendary kings of Britain">King of Britain</a> </b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Guiderius" title="Guiderius">Guiderius</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Template:Cymbeline" title="Template:Cymbeline"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cymbeline" title="Template talk:Cymbeline"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cymbeline" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cymbeline"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Shakespeare&#039;s_Cymbeline195" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">William Shakespeare's</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Cymbeline" title="Cymbeline">Cymbeline</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cymbeline#Characters" title="Cymbeline">Characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cymbeline</a></li> <li>Queen</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imogen_(Cymbeline)" title="Imogen (Cymbeline)">Imogen</a></li> <li>Posthumus Leonatus</li> <li>Cloten</li> <li>Belarius</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guiderius" title="Guiderius">Guiderius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arvirargus" title="Arvirargus">Arvirargus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jupiter_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jupiter (mythology)">Jupiter</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Souchon1872ImogenCymbeline.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Souchon1872ImogenCymbeline.jpg/100px-Souchon1872ImogenCymbeline.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Souchon1872ImogenCymbeline.jpg/150px-Souchon1872ImogenCymbeline.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Souchon1872ImogenCymbeline.jpg/200px-Souchon1872ImogenCymbeline.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="359" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cymbeline#Sources" title="Cymbeline">Sources</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Historia_Regum_Britanniae" title="Historia Regum Britanniae">Historia Regum Britanniae</a></i> (<i>c.</i> 1136)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Decameron" title="The Decameron">The Decameron</a></i> (<i>c.</i> 1353)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Holinshed%27s_Chronicles" title="Holinshed's Chronicles">Holinshed's Chronicles</a></i> (1577)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cymbeline#Adaptations_and_cultural_references" title="Cymbeline">Adaptations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television_Shakespeare#Cymbeline" title="BBC Television Shakespeare">Cymbeline</a></i> (1982; TV)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cymbeline_(film)" title="Cymbeline (film)">Cymbeline</a></i> (2014)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_late_romances" title="Shakespeare's late romances">Shakespeare's late romances</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Philaster_(play)" title="Philaster (play)">Philaster</a></i> (<i>c.</i>1609)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Deus_ex_machina" title="Deus ex machina">Deus ex machina</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milford_Haven" title="Milford Haven">Milford Haven</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Geoffrey_of_Monmouth152" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Geoffrey_of_Monmouth" title="Template:Geoffrey of Monmouth"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Geoffrey_of_Monmouth" title="Template talk:Geoffrey of Monmouth"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Geoffrey_of_Monmouth" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Geoffrey of Monmouth"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Geoffrey_of_Monmouth152" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_of_Monmouth" title="Geoffrey of Monmouth">Geoffrey of Monmouth</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Works_by_Geoffrey_of_Monmouth" title="Category:Works by Geoffrey of Monmouth">Works</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Prophetiae_Merlini" title="Prophetiae Merlini">Prophetiae Merlini</a></i> (c. 1135)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Historia_Regum_Britanniae" title="Historia Regum Britanniae">Historia Regum Britanniae</a></i> (c. 1136)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vita_Merlini" title="Vita Merlini">Vita Merlini</a></i> (c. 1150)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Translations_of_Geoffrey_of_Monmouth" title="Category:Translations of Geoffrey of Monmouth">Translations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Roman_de_Brut" title="Roman de Brut">Roman de Brut</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Layamon%27s_Brut" title="Layamon's Brut">Layamon's <i>Brut</i></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brut_y_Brenhinedd" title="Brut y Brenhinedd">Brut y Brenhinedd</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Breta_s%C3%B6gur" title="Breta sögur">Breta sögur</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Merl%C3%ADn%C3%BAssp%C3%A1" title="Merlínússpá">Merlínússpá</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeneas" title="Aeneas">Aeneas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Alban" title="Saint Alban">Saint Alban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanactus" title="Albanactus">Albanactus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alhfrith_of_Deira" class="mw-redirect" title="Alhfrith of Deira">Alhfrith of Deira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allectus" title="Allectus">Allectus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrosius_Aurelianus" title="Ambrosius Aurelianus">Ambrosius Aurelianus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphibalus" title="Amphibalus">Amphibalus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andragius" title="Andragius">Andragius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archgallo" title="Archgallo">Archgallo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archmail" title="Archmail">Archmail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Arthur" title="King Arthur">King Arthur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arvirargus" title="Arvirargus">Arvirargus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ascanius" title="Ascanius">Ascanius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Canterbury" title="Augustine of Canterbury">Augustine of Canterbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurelius_Conanus" title="Aurelius Conanus">Aurelius Conanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bedivere" title="Bedivere">Bedivere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beldgabred" title="Beldgabred">Beldgabred</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beli_Mawr" title="Beli Mawr">Beli Mawr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belinus" title="Belinus">Belinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bladud" title="Bladud">Bladud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bledric_ap_Custennin" title="Bledric ap Custennin">Bledric ap Custennin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bledudo" title="Bledudo">Bledudo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brennius" title="Brennius">Brennius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brutus_Greenshield" title="Brutus Greenshield">Brutus Greenshield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brutus_of_Troy" title="Brutus of Troy">Brutus of Troy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budic_II_of_Brittany" title="Budic II of Brittany">Budic II of Brittany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadfan_ap_Iago" title="Cadfan ap Iago">Cadfan ap Iago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadoc" title="Cadoc">Cadoc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cador" title="Cador">Cador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadwaladr" title="Cadwaladr">Cadwaladr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadwallon_ap_Cadfan" title="Cadwallon ap Cadfan">Cadwallon ap Cadfan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camber_(legendary_king)" class="mw-redirect" title="Camber (legendary king)">Camber (legendary king)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cap_of_Britain" title="Cap of Britain">Cap of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capetus_Silvius" title="Capetus Silvius">Capetus Silvius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capoir" title="Capoir">Capoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caracalla" title="Caracalla">Caracalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caradocus" title="Caradocus">Caradocus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carausius" title="Carausius">Carausius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassivellaunus" title="Cassivellaunus">Cassivellaunus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catellus" title="Catellus">Catellus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catigern" title="Catigern">Catigern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherin" title="Cherin">Cherin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudius" title="Claudius">Claudius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cledaucus" title="Cledaucus">Cledaucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clotenus" title="Clotenus">Clotenus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coel_Hen" title="Coel Hen">Coel Hen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coilus" title="Coilus">Coilus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conan_Meriadoc" title="Conan Meriadoc">Conan Meriadoc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constans_II_(son_of_Constantine_III)" title="Constans II (son of Constantine III)">Constans II (son of Constantine III)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great" title="Constantine the Great">Constantine the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_III_(Western_Roman_Emperor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Constantine III (Western Roman Emperor)">Constantine III (Western Roman Emperor)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_(Briton)" title="Constantine (Briton)">Constantine (Briton)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantius_Chlorus" title="Constantius Chlorus">Constantius Chlorus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cordelia_of_Britain" title="Cordelia of Britain">Cordelia of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corineus" title="Corineus">Corineus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cunedagius" title="Cunedagius">Cunedagius</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cunobeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danius" title="Danius">Danius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_David" title="Saint David">Saint David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digueillus" title="Digueillus">Digueillus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocletian" title="Diocletian">Diocletian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionotus" title="Dionotus">Dionotus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunvallo_Molmutius" class="mw-redirect" title="Dunvallo Molmutius">Dunvallo Molmutius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebraucus" title="Ebraucus">Ebraucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edadus" title="Edadus">Edadus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edern_ap_Nudd" title="Edern ap Nudd">Edern ap Nudd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_of_Northumbria" title="Edwin of Northumbria">Edwin of Northumbria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eldol" title="Eldol">Eldol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eldol,_Consul_of_Gloucester" title="Eldol, Consul of Gloucester">Eldol, Consul of Gloucester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elidurus" title="Elidurus">Elidurus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliud" title="Eliud">Eliud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enniaunus" title="Enniaunus">Enniaunus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estrildis" title="Estrildis">Estrildis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eudaf_Hen" title="Eudaf Hen">Eudaf Hen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferrex" title="Ferrex">Ferrex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulgenius" title="Fulgenius">Fulgenius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gawain" title="Gawain">Gawain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerennus" title="Gerennus">Gerennus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goffar_the_Pict" title="Goffar the Pict">Goffar the Pict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gogmagog_(folklore)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gogmagog (folklore)">Gogmagog (folklore)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goneril" title="Goneril">Goneril</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorboduc" title="Gorboduc">Gorboduc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorbonianus" title="Gorbonianus">Gorbonianus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorlois" title="Gorlois">Gorlois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gracianus_Municeps" title="Gracianus Municeps">Gracianus Municeps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guiderius" title="Guiderius">Guiderius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinevere" title="Guinevere">Guinevere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guithelin" title="Guithelin">Guithelin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurgintius" title="Gurgintius">Gurgintius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurguit_Barbtruc" title="Gurguit Barbtruc">Gurguit Barbtruc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurgustius" title="Gurgustius">Gurgustius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwenddoleu_ap_Ceidio" title="Gwenddoleu ap Ceidio">Gwenddoleu ap Ceidio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwenddydd" title="Gwenddydd">Gwenddydd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Gwendolen" title="Queen Gwendolen">Queen Gwendolen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helena_(empress)" class="mw-redirect" title="Helena (empress)">Helena (empress)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helenus" class="mw-redirect" title="Helenus">Helenus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hengist_and_Horsa" title="Hengist and Horsa">Hengist and Horsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoel" class="mw-redirect" title="Hoel">Hoel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humber_the_Hun" title="Humber the Hun">Humber the Hun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iago_ap_Beli" title="Iago ap Beli">Iago ap Beli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idvallo" title="Idvallo">Idvallo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igraine" title="Igraine">Igraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingenius_of_Britain" title="Ingenius of Britain">Ingenius of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innogen" title="Innogen">Innogen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jago_of_Britain" title="Jago of Britain">Jago of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_and_Aaron" title="Julius and Aaron">Julius and Aaron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Asclepiodotus" title="Julius Asclepiodotus">Julius Asclepiodotus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar" title="Julius Caesar">Julius Caesar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Kay" title="Sir Kay">Sir Kay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keredic" title="Keredic">Keredic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimarcus" title="Kimarcus">Kimarcus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinarius" title="Kinarius">Kinarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latinus" title="Latinus">Latinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavinia" title="Lavinia">Lavinia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leil" title="Leil">Leil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leir_of_Britain" title="Leir of Britain">Leir of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Locrinus" title="Locrinus">Locrinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Lot" title="King Lot">King Lot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucius_of_Britain" title="Lucius of Britain">Lucius of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucius_Tiberius" title="Lucius Tiberius">Lucius Tiberius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lud_son_of_Heli" class="mw-redirect" title="Lud son of Heli">Lud son of Heli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maddan" title="Maddan">Maddan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maelgwn_Gwynedd" title="Maelgwn Gwynedd">Maelgwn Gwynedd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnus_Maximus" title="Magnus Maximus">Magnus Maximus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandubracius" title="Mandubracius">Mandubracius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Marcia" title="Queen Marcia">Queen Marcia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marganus" title="Marganus">Marganus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marganus_II" title="Marganus II">Marganus II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marius_of_Britain" title="Marius of Britain">Marius of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mempricius" title="Mempricius">Mempricius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merianus" title="Merianus">Merianus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merlin" title="Merlin">Merlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millus" title="Millus">Millus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mordred" title="Mordred">Mordred</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgause" title="Morgause">Morgause</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morvidus" title="Morvidus">Morvidus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrddin_Wyllt" title="Myrddin Wyllt">Myrddin Wyllt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nennius_of_Britain" title="Nennius of Britain">Nennius of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octa_of_Kent" title="Octa of Kent">Octa of Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oenus" title="Oenus">Oenus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oswald_of_Northumbria" title="Oswald of Northumbria">Oswald of Northumbria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oswiu_of_Northumbria" class="mw-redirect" title="Oswiu of Northumbria">Oswiu of Northumbria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owain_mab_Urien" title="Owain mab Urien">Owain mab Urien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandrasus" title="Pandrasus">Pandrasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penda_of_Mercia" title="Penda of Mercia">Penda of Mercia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peredur" title="Peredur">Peredur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peredurus" title="Peredurus">Peredurus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pir_of_the_Britons" title="Pir of the Britons">Pir of the Britons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porrex_I" title="Porrex I">Porrex I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porrex_II" title="Porrex II">Porrex II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Publius_Septimius_Geta" class="mw-redirect" title="Publius Septimius Geta">Publius Septimius Geta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quintus_Laberius_Durus" title="Quintus Laberius Durus">Quintus Laberius Durus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redechius" title="Redechius">Redechius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redon_of_Britain" title="Redon of Britain">Redon of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regan_(King_Lear)" title="Regan (King Lear)">Regan (King Lear)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhydderch_Hael" title="Rhydderch Hael">Rhydderch Hael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rience" class="mw-redirect" title="Rience">Rience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivallo" title="Rivallo">Rivallo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rud_Hud_Hudibras" title="Rud Hud Hudibras">Rud Hud Hudibras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runo_(legendary_king)" class="mw-redirect" title="Runo (legendary king)">Runo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sawyl_Penuchel" title="Sawyl Penuchel">Sawyl Penuchel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Septimius_Severus" title="Septimius Severus">Septimius Severus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silvius_(mythology)" title="Silvius (mythology)">Silvius (mythology)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sisillius_I" title="Sisillius I">Sisillius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sisillius_II" title="Sisillius II">Sisillius II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sisillius_III" title="Sisillius III">Sisillius III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Son_of_Gorbonianus" title="Son of Gorbonianus">Son of Gorbonianus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taliesin" title="Taliesin">Taliesin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tasciovanus" title="Tasciovanus">Tasciovanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trahern" title="Trahern">Trahern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turnus" title="Turnus">Turnus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urianus" title="Urianus">Urianus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uther_Pendragon" title="Uther Pendragon">Uther Pendragon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venissa" title="Venissa">Venissa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vespasian" title="Vespasian">Vespasian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vortigern" title="Vortigern">Vortigern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vortimer" title="Vortimer">Vortimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vortiporius" title="Vortiporius">Vortiporius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wulfhere_of_Mercia" title="Wulfhere of Mercia">Wulfhere of Mercia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ywain" 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