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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Organization</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Organization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Data_fields" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Data_fields"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Data fields</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Data_fields-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Census_results" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Census_results"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Census results</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Census_results-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Census results subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Census_results-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-By_native_language" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#By_native_language"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>By native language</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-By_native_language-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-By_religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#By_religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>By religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-By_religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Population_by_modern-day_countries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Population_by_modern-day_countries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Population by modern-day countries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Population_by_modern-day_countries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Largest_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Largest_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Largest cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Largest_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Data_availability" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Data_availability"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Data availability</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Data_availability-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Assessment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Assessment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Assessment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Assessment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_websites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_websites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.4</span> <span>Other websites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_websites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Russian Empire census</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 14 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-14" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">14 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="تعداد الإمبراطورية الروسية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تعداد الإمبراطورية الروسية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%C3%A7%C3%A7%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%87%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%80%C4%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%C4%83%D1%85%D0%B0_%C3%A7%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8_(1897)" title="Раççей империнче пурăнан халăха çырни (1897) – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Раççей империнче пурăнан халăха çырни (1897)" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volksz%C3%A4hlung_im_Russischen_Reich_1897" title="Volkszählung im Russischen Reich 1897 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Volkszählung im Russischen Reich 1897" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venemaa_keisririigi_1897._aasta_rahvaloendus" title="Venemaa keisririigi 1897. aasta rahvaloendus – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Venemaa keisririigi 1897. aasta rahvaloendus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recensement_de_l%27Empire_russe_de_1897" title="Recensement de l'Empire russe de 1897 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Recensement de l'Empire russe de 1897" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%A7%D7%93_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%AA" title="מפקד האוכלוסין של האימפריה הרוסית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מפקד האוכלוסין של האימפריה הרוסית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1897._gada_Krievijas_Imp%C4%93rijas_tautas_skait%C4%AB%C5%A1ana" title="1897. gada Krievijas Impērijas tautas skaitīšana – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="1897. gada Krievijas Impērijas tautas skaitīšana" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1897_m._Rusijos_gyventoj%C5%B3_sura%C5%A1ymas" title="1897 m. Rusijos gyventojų surašymas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="1897 m. Rusijos gyventojų surašymas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volkstelling_in_het_Russische_Rijk" title="Volkstelling in het Russische Rijk – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Volkstelling in het Russische Rijk" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recens%C4%83m%C3%A2ntul_din_1897_din_Imperiul_Rus" title="Recensământul din 1897 din Imperiul Rus – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Recensământul din 1897 din Imperiul Rus" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8_(1897)" title="Перепись населения Российской империи (1897) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Перепись населения Российской империи (1897)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kejsard%C3%B6met_Rysslands_folkr%C3%A4kning" title="Kejsardömet Rysslands folkräkning – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kejsardömet Rysslands folkräkning" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%97_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D1%97_(1897)" title="Перепис населення Російської імперії (1897) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Перепис населення Російської імперії (1897)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1897%E5%B9%B4%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%99%AE%E6%9F%A5" title="1897年俄羅斯帝國人口普查 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="1897年俄羅斯帝國人口普查" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet 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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">First and only census carried out in the Russian Empire (1897)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Russian_census" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian census">Russian census</a>.</div> <style 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width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Russian_Empire_census" title="Special:EditPage/Russian Empire census">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Russian+Empire+census%22">"Russian Empire census"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Russian+Empire+census%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Russian+Empire+census%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Russian+Empire+census%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Russian+Empire+census%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Russian+Empire+census%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2018</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">First general census of the population of the Russian Empire in 1897</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="line-height:130%;"><hr /> <table style="width:100%; margin:1px; display:inline-table;"><tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; vertical-align:middle; padding:0 0.5em 0 0;" class="noprint"></td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 1px;" class=""><b>9 February 1897<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1897-02-09</span>)</span></b></td> <td style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 0 0 0.5em;" class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/1920_Russian_census" title="1920 Russian census">1920</a> →</td> </tr></tbody></table> <hr /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rusija_1895_surasymas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Rusija_1895_surasymas.jpg/230px-Rusija_1895_surasymas.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="370" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Rusija_1895_surasymas.jpg/345px-Rusija_1895_surasymas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Rusija_1895_surasymas.jpg/460px-Rusija_1895_surasymas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1028" data-file-height="1652" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">First page of an imperial Russian census form from <a href="/wiki/Kovno_Governorate" title="Kovno Governorate">Kovno Governorate</a></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align: center; background-color: #efefef; margin: 0.1em; padding: 0.05em 0;">General information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Authority</th><td class="infobox-data">Central Statistical Bureau</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align: center; background-color: #efefef; margin: 0.1em; padding: 0.05em 0;">Results</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Total population</th><td class="infobox-data">125,640,021</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Most<span class="nowrap"> </span>populous<span class="nowrap"> </span><wbr />governorate or <i>oblast</i></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kiev_Governorate" title="Kiev Governorate">Kiev Governorate</a> (3,559,229)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Least<span class="nowrap"> </span>populous<span class="nowrap"> </span><wbr />governorate or <i>oblast</i></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Amur_Oblast_(Russian_Empire)" title="Amur Oblast (Russian Empire)">Amur <i>oblast</i></a> (120,306)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Russian Empire census</b>, formally the <b>First general census of the population of the Russian Empire in 1897</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was the first and only nation-wide census performed in the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a>. The census recorded demographic data as of 9 February 1897 [<a href="/wiki/Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates" title="Old Style and New Style dates">O.S.</a> 28 January]; with a population of 125,640,021, it made Russia <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_population_in_1900" title="List of countries by population in 1900">the world's third-most populated country</a> at the time, after the <a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British</a> and <a href="/wiki/Qing_dynasty" title="Qing dynasty">Qing empires</a>. Although the census was performed in most of the empire, no enumeration was done in the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Finland" title="Grand Duchy of Finland">Grand Duchy of Finland</a>. </p><p>The census revealed the social class, native language, religion, and profession of citizens, which were aggregated to yield district and provincial totals. The data processing took eight years; publishing the results began in 1898 and was completed in 1905. In total, 119 books in 89 volumes were published for 89 governorates in the empire, including a two-volume summary. </p><p>The next census had been planned for December 1915, but was cancelled due to <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERosstat201370_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERosstat201370-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was not rescheduled before the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Revolution" title="Russian Revolution">Russian Revolution</a>. The next census in Russia only occurred at the end of <a href="/wiki/1926_Soviet_census" title="1926 Soviet census">1926</a>, almost three decades later. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Empire_census&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Population censuses in Eastern Europe, as well as throughout the world, were carried out in one form or another throughout the existence of tribes, principalities, kingdoms, kaganates, khanates, kingdoms, empires, and states in order to determine the expected collection of income from subject territories and peoples. </p><p>In the thirteenth century, the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Horde" title="Golden Horde">Golden Horde</a> enumerated the population of the Rus' three times—1245, 1257, and 1274; according to censuses, the Rus' population was then estimated at approximately 10 million people.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBorrero2009393_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBorrero2009393-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The population in the <a href="/wiki/Tsardom_of_Russia" title="Tsardom of Russia">Tsardom of Russia</a> under the reign of <a href="/wiki/Peter_the_Great" title="Peter the Great">Peter the Great</a> was about 15 million in 1710. </p><p>Previous censuses had been recorded for fiscal and military purposes. Until the eighteenth century, population records were sporadic, as in either scribal or census books. <a href="/wiki/Audit" title="Audit">Audits</a> began to be carried out at the beginning of the eighteenth century, and population censuses became relatively regular. Since 1858, the audit had been replaced by administrative and police registration of the population based on data from family lists. In total, three large administrative and police censuses of the population were carried out—in 1858, 1863, and 1885. Running population registrations – including births, marriages, and deaths – were carried out by religious organisations until 1918. All the items mentioned above were characterised by inaccuracy and insufficient completeness. </p><p>By 1897, significant experience had been accumulated in local, mainly urban, population censuses that had been conducted since the later half of the nineteenth century. Population censuses were performed in separate governorates (<a href="/wiki/Pskov_Governorate" title="Pskov Governorate">Pskov</a> in 1870 and 1887, <a href="/wiki/Astrakhan_Governorate" title="Astrakhan Governorate">Astrakhan</a> in 1873, <a href="/wiki/Akmolinsk_Oblast_(Russian_Empire)" title="Akmolinsk Oblast (Russian Empire)">Akmola</a> in 1877, etc.), in which residents in all cities were enumerated. The population in the entire <a href="/wiki/Courland_Governorate" title="Courland Governorate">Courland Governorate</a> was enumerated in 1863 and 1881, and in the <a href="/wiki/Governorate_of_Livonia" title="Governorate of Livonia">governorates of Livonia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Governorate_of_Estonia" title="Governorate of Estonia">Estonia</a> in the latter. Registration of the rural population was performed during household and other surveys of <i><a href="/wiki/Zemstvo" title="Zemstvo">zemstvos</a></i>. In 1871, under the general editorship of the professor of military statistics, <a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Obruchev" title="Nikolai Obruchev">Nikolai Obruchev</a>, officers of the General Staff published a military statistical collection, the four-volume edition of which contained data on the population of Russia as a whole, and was categorised by governorates and <i><a href="/wiki/Okrug#Imperial_Russia" title="Okrug">okrugs</a></i>. </p><p>In 1870, the project for an all-Russian population census was discussed at the First All-Russian Congress of Statisticians, and in 1876, at the eighth session of the International Statistical Congress. On 26 February 1877, the draft of "Regulations on the General National Census", which was developed by a commission under the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Finance_of_the_Russian_Empire" title="Ministry of Finance of the Russian Empire">Ministry of Finance</a>, was submitted to the <a href="/wiki/State_Council_(Russian_Empire)" title="State Council (Russian Empire)">State Council</a>; however, it was not discussed there, possibly due to the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Turkish_War_(1877%E2%80%931878)" title="Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)">Russo-Turkish War</a> that occurred from 1877 to 1878. In the early 80s of the nineteenth century, the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Internal_Affairs_of_the_Russian_Empire" title="Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Empire">Ministry of Internal Affairs</a> began to receive statements from some <i>zemstvo</i> assemblies and governors about the need to conduct a population census as soon as possible; this was due to the unbalanced distribution of taxes among peasant families and an increase in arrears in collections from the population. After the <a href="/wiki/Russian_famine_of_1891%E2%80%931892" title="Russian famine of 1891–1892">famine of 1891–1892</a>, the question of the obligation to have accurate figures of the population of the empire again arose. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organization">Organization</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Empire_census&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Organization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The census project was suggested during 1877 by <a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Semenov-Tyan-Shansky" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyotr Semenov-Tyan-Shansky">Pyotr Semenov-Tyan-Shansky</a>, a famous Russian <a href="/wiki/Geographer" title="Geographer">geographer</a> and director of the Central Statistical Bureau, and was approved by <a href="/wiki/Tsar" title="Tsar">Czar</a> <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_II" title="Nicholas II">Nicholas II</a> in 1895. </p><p>The census was performed in two stages. For the first stage (December 1896 — January 1897) the counters (135,000 persons: teachers, priests, and literate soldiers) visited all households and filled in the questionnaires, which were verified by local census managers. For the second stage (9 January 1898 [<a href="/wiki/Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates" title="Old Style and New Style dates">O.S.</a> 28 December 1897]) the counters simultaneously visited all households to verify and update the questionnaires. The census was performed during winter as the population was less mobile then.<sup id="cite_ref-familysearch_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-familysearch-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite this being the only imperial census, historians are able to estimate the Russian Empire's population during earlier times by collecting city censuses. </p><p>The data processing required 8 years using <a href="/wiki/Hollerith_card" class="mw-redirect" title="Hollerith card">Hollerith card</a> machines. Publication of the results started during 1898 and ended in 1905. In total, 119 volumes for 89 <i><a href="/wiki/Guberniya" class="mw-redirect" title="Guberniya">guberniyas</a></i>, as well as a two-volume summary, were issued. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Data_fields">Data fields</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Empire_census&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Data fields"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The questionnaire contained the following questions: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Family_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Family name">Family name</a>, <a href="/wiki/Given_name" title="Given name">given name</a>, <a href="/wiki/Patronymic" title="Patronymic">patronymic</a> or <a href="/wiki/Nickname" title="Nickname">nickname</a> (прозвище)</li> <li>Sex</li> <li>Relation with respect to the head of the family or household</li> <li>Age</li> <li>Marital status</li> <li>Social status: <i><a href="/wiki/Sosloviye" class="mw-redirect" title="Sosloviye">sosloviye</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Estate_of_the_realm" class="mw-redirect" title="Estate of the realm">estate of the realm</a>), rank or title (сословіе, состояніе, званіе)</li> <li>Place of birth</li> <li>Place of registration</li> <li>Usual place of residence</li> <li>Notice of absence</li> <li>Faith</li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_language" title="First language">First language</a> (родной язык)</li> <li>Literacy</li> <li>Occupation (profession, trade, position of office or service), both primary and secondary</li></ul> <p>In the census summary tables, <a href="/wiki/Nationality" title="Nationality">nationality</a> was based on the declared primary language of respondents.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Russian-census-1897-p1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The first page of a census form from Kiev Governorate."><img alt="The first page of a census form from Kiev Governorate." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Russian-census-1897-p1.jpg/77px-Russian-census-1897-p1.jpg" decoding="async" width="77" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Russian-census-1897-p1.jpg/116px-Russian-census-1897-p1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Russian-census-1897-p1.jpg/154px-Russian-census-1897-p1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1764" data-file-height="2744" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The first page of a census form from <a href="/wiki/Kiev_Governorate" title="Kiev Governorate">Kiev Governorate</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Russian-census-1897-p2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The second page of a census form from Kiev Governorate."><img alt="The second page of a census form from Kiev Governorate." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Russian-census-1897-p2.jpg/77px-Russian-census-1897-p2.jpg" decoding="async" width="77" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Russian-census-1897-p2.jpg/116px-Russian-census-1897-p2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Russian-census-1897-p2.jpg/154px-Russian-census-1897-p2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1893" data-file-height="2938" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The second page of a census form from <a href="/wiki/Kiev_Governorate" title="Kiev Governorate">Kiev Governorate</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Russian-census-1897-p3.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The third page of a census form from Kiev Governorate."><img alt="The third page of a census form from Kiev Governorate." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Russian-census-1897-p3.jpg/80px-Russian-census-1897-p3.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Russian-census-1897-p3.jpg/119px-Russian-census-1897-p3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Russian-census-1897-p3.jpg/159px-Russian-census-1897-p3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1854" data-file-height="2790" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The third page of a census form from <a href="/wiki/Kiev_Governorate" title="Kiev Governorate">Kiev Governorate</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Russian-census-1897-p4.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A description page for a census form from Kiev Governorate."><img alt="A description page for a census form from Kiev Governorate." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Russian-census-1897-p4.jpg/73px-Russian-census-1897-p4.jpg" decoding="async" width="73" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Russian-census-1897-p4.jpg/110px-Russian-census-1897-p4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Russian-census-1897-p4.jpg/147px-Russian-census-1897-p4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1708" data-file-height="2794" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A description page for a census form from <a href="/wiki/Kiev_Governorate" title="Kiev Governorate">Kiev Governorate</a>.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Census_results">Census results</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Empire_census&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Census results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The total population of the Russian Empire was recorded to be 125,640,021 people, 62,477,348 or 49.73% of whom were men and 63,162,673 or 50.27% were women—the median age was 21.16 years. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="By_native_language">By native language</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Empire_census&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: By native language"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Subdivisions_of_the_Russian_Empire_by_largest_ethnolinguistic_group_(1897).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Subdivisions_of_the_Russian_Empire_by_largest_ethnolinguistic_group_%281897%29.svg/280px-Subdivisions_of_the_Russian_Empire_by_largest_ethnolinguistic_group_%281897%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Subdivisions_of_the_Russian_Empire_by_largest_ethnolinguistic_group_%281897%29.svg/420px-Subdivisions_of_the_Russian_Empire_by_largest_ethnolinguistic_group_%281897%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Subdivisions_of_the_Russian_Empire_by_largest_ethnolinguistic_group_%281897%29.svg/560px-Subdivisions_of_the_Russian_Empire_by_largest_ethnolinguistic_group_%281897%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="4648" data-file-height="2744" /></a><figcaption>Map of subdivisions of the Russian Empire by largest ethnolinguistic group (1897)</figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Linguistic composition of the Russian Empire<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Language </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">Urban</a> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Rural_area" title="Rural area">Rural</a> </th> <th colspan="2">TOTAL </th></tr> <tr> <th>Native speakers </th> <th>% </th> <th>Native speakers </th> <th>% </th> <th>Native speakers </th> <th>% </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>8,825,733 </td> <td>52.45 </td> <td>46,841,736 </td> <td>43.05 </td> <td>55,667,469 </td> <td>44.31 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_language" title="Ukrainian language">Ukrainian</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>1,256,387 </td> <td>7.47 </td> <td>21,124,164 </td> <td>19.41 </td> <td>22,380,551 </td> <td>17.81 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a> </td> <td>1,455,527 </td> <td>8.65 </td> <td>6,475,780 </td> <td>5.95 </td> <td>7,931,307 </td> <td>6.31 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_language" title="Belarusian language">Belarusian</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>171,383 </td> <td>1.02 </td> <td>5,714,164 </td> <td>5.25 </td> <td>5,885,547 </td> <td>4.68 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jewish_languages" title="Jewish languages">Jewish</a> </td> <td>2,502,217 </td> <td>14.87 </td> <td>2,560,939 </td> <td>2.35 </td> <td>5,063,156 </td> <td>4.03 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kyrgyz-Kaisak<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>46,827 </td> <td>0.28 </td> <td>4,037,312 </td> <td>3.71 </td> <td>4,084,139 </td> <td>3.25 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tatar<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>417,727 </td> <td>2.48 </td> <td>3,319,900 </td> <td>3.05 </td> <td>3,737,627 </td> <td>2.97 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a> </td> <td>418,533 </td> <td>2.49 </td> <td>1,371,956 </td> <td>1.26 </td> <td>1,790,489 </td> <td>1.43 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Latvian_language" title="Latvian language">Latvian</a> </td> <td>230,719 </td> <td>1.37 </td> <td>1,205,218 </td> <td>1.11 </td> <td>1,435,937 </td> <td>1.14 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bashkir_language" title="Bashkir language">Bashkir</a> </td> <td>13,844 </td> <td>0.08 </td> <td>1,307,519 </td> <td>1.20 </td> <td>1,321,363 </td> <td>1.05 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_language" title="Lithuanian language">Lithuanian</a> </td> <td>43,136 </td> <td>0.26 </td> <td>1,167,374 </td> <td>1.07 </td> <td>1,210,510 </td> <td>0.96 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a> </td> <td>272,801 </td> <td>1.62 </td> <td>900,295 </td> <td>0.83 </td> <td>1,173,096 </td> <td>0.93 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Romanian_language" title="Romanian language">Romanian</a> </td> <td>64,134 </td> <td>0.38 </td> <td>1,057,535 </td> <td>0.97 </td> <td>1,121,669 </td> <td>0.89 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mordvinic_languages" title="Mordvinic languages">Mordovian</a> </td> <td>14,022 </td> <td>0.08 </td> <td>1,009,819 </td> <td>0.93 </td> <td>1,023,841 </td> <td>0.81 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Estonian_language" title="Estonian language">Estonian</a> </td> <td>139,544 </td> <td>0.83 </td> <td>863,194 </td> <td>0.79 </td> <td>1,002,738 </td> <td>0.80 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Sartic </td> <td>204,046 </td> <td>1.21 </td> <td>764,609 </td> <td>0.70 </td> <td>968,655 </td> <td>0.77 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chuvash_language" title="Chuvash language">Chuvash</a> </td> <td>6,051 </td> <td>0.04 </td> <td>837,704 </td> <td>0.77 </td> <td>843,755 </td> <td>0.67 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Georgian_language" title="Georgian language">Georgian</a> </td> <td>98,503 </td> <td>0.59 </td> <td>725,465 </td> <td>0.67 </td> <td>823,968 </td> <td>0.66 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Uzbek_language" title="Uzbek language">Uzbek</a> </td> <td>91,750 </td> <td>0.55 </td> <td>634,784 </td> <td>0.58 </td> <td>726,534 </td> <td>0.58 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Samogitian_language" title="Samogitian language">Samogitian</a> </td> <td>8,946 </td> <td>0.05 </td> <td>439,076 </td> <td>0.40 </td> <td>448,022 </td> <td>0.36 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Turkic_languages" title="Turkic languages">Other Turkic dialects</a> </td> <td>156,348 </td> <td>0.93 </td> <td>284,064 </td> <td>0.26 </td> <td>440,412 </td> <td>0.35 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Udmurt_language" title="Udmurt language">Votyak</a> </td> <td>2,245 </td> <td>0.01 </td> <td>418,725 </td> <td>0.38 </td> <td>420,970 </td> <td>0.34 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mari_language" title="Mari language">Mari</a> </td> <td>2,191 </td> <td>0.01 </td> <td>373,248 </td> <td>0.34 </td> <td>375,439 </td> <td>0.30 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tajik_language" title="Tajik language">Tajik</a> </td> <td>103,240 </td> <td>0.61 </td> <td>247,157 </td> <td>0.23 </td> <td>350,397 </td> <td>0.28 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Buryat_language" title="Buryat language">Buryat</a> </td> <td>2,038 </td> <td>0.01 </td> <td>286,625 </td> <td>0.26 </td> <td>288,663 </td> <td>0.23 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Turkmen_language" title="Turkmen language">Turkmen</a> </td> <td>2,687 </td> <td>0.02 </td> <td>278,670 </td> <td>0.26 </td> <td>281,357 </td> <td>0.22 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Imeretian_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Imeretian language">Imeretian</a> </td> <td>17,181 </td> <td>0.10 </td> <td>256,005 </td> <td>0.24 </td> <td>273,186 </td> <td>0.22 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mingrelian_language" title="Mingrelian language">Mingrelian</a> </td> <td>11,539 </td> <td>0.07 </td> <td>228,086 </td> <td>0.21 </td> <td>239,625 </td> <td>0.19 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Yakut_language" title="Yakut language">Yakut</a> </td> <td>3,890 </td> <td>0.02 </td> <td>223,494 </td> <td>0.21 </td> <td>227,384 </td> <td>0.18 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chechen_language" title="Chechen language">Chechen</a> </td> <td>871 </td> <td>0.01 </td> <td>225,625 </td> <td>0.21 </td> <td>226,496 </td> <td>0.18 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Avar_language" title="Avar language">Avar-Andean</a> </td> <td>5,533 </td> <td>0.03 </td> <td>207,159 </td> <td>0.19 </td> <td>212,692 </td> <td>0.17 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a> </td> <td>13,378 </td> <td>0.08 </td> <td>195,444 </td> <td>0.18 </td> <td>208,822 </td> <td>0.17 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Karelian_language" title="Karelian language">Karelian</a> </td> <td>2,791 </td> <td>0.02 </td> <td>205,310 </td> <td>0.19 </td> <td>208,101 </td> <td>0.17 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyz_language" title="Kyrgyz language">Kara-Kyrgyz</a> </td> <td>270 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>201,412 </td> <td>0.19 </td> <td>201,682 </td> <td>0.16 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kalmyk_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalmyk language">Kalmyk</a> </td> <td>1,263 </td> <td>0.01 </td> <td>189,385 </td> <td>0.17 </td> <td>190,648 </td> <td>0.15 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a> </td> <td>33,621 </td> <td>0.20 </td> <td>153,304 </td> <td>0.14 </td> <td>186,925 </td> <td>0.15 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</a> </td> <td>14,371 </td> <td>0.09 </td> <td>158,288 </td> <td>0.15 </td> <td>172,659 </td> <td>0.14 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ossetian_language" title="Ossetian language">Ossetian</a> </td> <td>5,907 </td> <td>0.04 </td> <td>165,809 </td> <td>0.15 </td> <td>171,716 </td> <td>0.14 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lezgian_language" title="Lezgian language">Kyurin</a> </td> <td>5,146 </td> <td>0.03 </td> <td>154,067 </td> <td>0.14 </td> <td>159,213 </td> <td>0.13 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Komi_language" title="Komi language">Komi</a> </td> <td>6,340 </td> <td>0.04 </td> <td>147,278 </td> <td>0.14 </td> <td>153,618 </td> <td>0.12 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Finnish_language" title="Finnish language">Finnish</a> </td> <td>25,610 </td> <td>0.15 </td> <td>117,458 </td> <td>0.11 </td> <td>143,068 </td> <td>0.11 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dargwa_language" title="Dargwa language">Dargin</a> </td> <td>1,847 </td> <td>0.01 </td> <td>128,362 </td> <td>0.12 </td> <td>130,209 </td> <td>0.10 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Teptyar </td> <td>579 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>117,194 </td> <td>0.11 </td> <td>117,773 </td> <td>0.09 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Permyak_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Permyak language">Permyak</a> </td> <td>366 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>104,325 </td> <td>0.10 </td> <td>104,691 </td> <td>0.08 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Karakalpak_language" title="Karakalpak language">Karakalpak</a> </td> <td>46 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>104,228 </td> <td>0.10 </td> <td>104,274 </td> <td>0.08 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Kurdish languages">Kurdish</a> </td> <td>1,148 </td> <td>0.01 </td> <td>98,801 </td> <td>0.09 </td> <td>99,949 </td> <td>0.08 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kabardian_language" title="Kabardian language">Kabardian</a> </td> <td>523 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>98,038 </td> <td>0.09 </td> <td>98,561 </td> <td>0.08 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tat_language_(Caucasus)" title="Tat language (Caucasus)">Tat</a> </td> <td>4,099 </td> <td>0.02 </td> <td>90,957 </td> <td>0.08 </td> <td>95,056 </td> <td>0.08 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lak_language" title="Lak language">Kazi-Kumukh</a> </td> <td>1,642 </td> <td>0.01 </td> <td>89,238 </td> <td>0.08 </td> <td>90,880 </td> <td>0.07 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kumyk_language" title="Kumyk language">Kumyk</a> </td> <td>3,529 </td> <td>0.02 </td> <td>79,879 </td> <td>0.07 </td> <td>83,408 </td> <td>0.07 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Abkhaz_language" title="Abkhaz language">Abkhaz</a> </td> <td>343 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>71,760 </td> <td>0.07 </td> <td>72,103 </td> <td>0.06 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Evenki_language" title="Evenki language">Evenki</a> </td> <td>192 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>66,078 </td> <td>0.06 </td> <td>66,270 </td> <td>0.05 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nogai_language" title="Nogai language">Nogai</a> </td> <td>299 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>63,781 </td> <td>0.06 </td> <td>64,080 </td> <td>0.05 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a> </td> <td>24,794 </td> <td>0.15 </td> <td>32,665 </td> <td>0.03 </td> <td>57,459 </td> <td>0.05 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Uyghur_language" title="Uyghur language">Taranchin Uyghur</a> </td> <td>10,789 </td> <td>0.06 </td> <td>45,680 </td> <td>0.04 </td> <td>56,469 </td> <td>0.04 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mishar_Tatar_dialect" title="Mishar Tatar dialect">Mishar Tatar</a> </td> <td>657 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>53,190 </td> <td>0.05 </td> <td>53,847 </td> <td>0.04 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Czech_language" title="Czech language">Czech</a> </td> <td>8,375 </td> <td>0.05 </td> <td>42,010 </td> <td>0.04 </td> <td>50,385 </td> <td>0.04 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ingush_language" title="Ingush language">Ingush</a> </td> <td>541 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>46,868 </td> <td>0.04 </td> <td>47,409 </td> <td>0.04 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Circassian_languages" title="Circassian languages">Circassian</a> </td> <td>1,660 </td> <td>0.01 </td> <td>44,626 </td> <td>0.04 </td> <td>46,286 </td> <td>0.04 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Romani_language" title="Romani language">Romani</a> </td> <td>6,551 </td> <td>0.04 </td> <td>38,031 </td> <td>0.03 </td> <td>44,582 </td> <td>0.04 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Talysh_language" title="Talysh language">Talysh</a> </td> <td>1,035 </td> <td>0.01 </td> <td>34,256 </td> <td>0.03 </td> <td>35,291 </td> <td>0.03 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a> </td> <td>18,976 </td> <td>0.11 </td> <td>12,747 </td> <td>0.01 </td> <td>31,723 </td> <td>0.03 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Karapapakhs" title="Karapapakhs">Karapapakh</a> </td> <td>9 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>29,893 </td> <td>0.03 </td> <td>29,902 </td> <td>0.02 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Karachay_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Karachay language">Karachay</a> </td> <td>45 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>27,178 </td> <td>0.02 </td> <td>27,223 </td> <td>0.02 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Korean_language" title="Korean language">Korean</a> </td> <td>1,716 </td> <td>0.01 </td> <td>24,289 </td> <td>0.02 </td> <td>26,005 </td> <td>0.02 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Veps_language" title="Veps language">Chud</a> </td> <td>117 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>25,703 </td> <td>0.02 </td> <td>25,820 </td> <td>0.02 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Khanty_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Khanty language">Khanty</a> </td> <td>179 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>19,484 </td> <td>0.02 </td> <td>19,663 </td> <td>0.02 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> </td> <td>12,966 </td> <td>0.08 </td> <td>3,467 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>16,433 </td> <td>0.01 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nenets_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Nenets language">Samoyedic</a> </td> <td>127 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>15,750 </td> <td>0.01 </td> <td>15,877 </td> <td>0.01 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Svan_language" title="Svan language">Svan</a> </td> <td>94 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>15,662 </td> <td>0.01 </td> <td>15,756 </td> <td>0.01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kashgar Uyghur </td> <td>139 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>14,799 </td> <td>0.01 </td> <td>14,938 </td> <td>0.01 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Swedish_language" title="Swedish language">Swedish</a> </td> <td>6,969 </td> <td>0.04 </td> <td>7,230 </td> <td>0.01 </td> <td>14,199 </td> <td>0.01 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Izhorian_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Izhorian language">Izhorian</a> </td> <td>37 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>13,737 </td> <td>0.01 </td> <td>13,774 </td> <td>0.01 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chukchi_language" title="Chukchi language">Chukchi</a> </td> <td>8 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>11,787 </td> <td>0.01 </td> <td>11,795 </td> <td>0.01 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mansi_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Mansi language">Mansi</a> </td> <td>9 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>7,642 </td> <td>0.01 </td> <td>7,651 </td> <td>0.01 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kipchak_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kipchak language">Kipchak</a> </td> <td>6 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>7,601 </td> <td>0.01 </td> <td>7,607 </td> <td>0.01 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Udi_language" title="Udi language">Udi</a> </td> <td>11 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>7,089 </td> <td>0.01 </td> <td>7,100 </td> <td>0.01 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> </td> <td>5,746 </td> <td>0.03 </td> <td>1,308 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>7,054 </td> <td>0.01 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nivkh_languages" title="Nivkh languages">Gilyak (Nivkh)</a> </td> <td>14 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>6,180 </td> <td>0.01 </td> <td>6,194 </td> <td>0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Koryak_language" title="Koryak language">Koryak</a> </td> <td>31 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>6,027 </td> <td>0.01 </td> <td>6,058 </td> <td>0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Suret_language" title="Suret language">Assyrian</a> </td> <td>1,307 </td> <td>0.01 </td> <td>4,046 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>5,353 </td> <td>0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a> </td> <td>3,824 </td> <td>0.02 </td> <td>936 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>4,760 </td> <td>0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Itelmen_language" title="Itelmen language">Kamchadal (Itelmen)</a> </td> <td>6 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>3,972 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>3,978 </td> <td>0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Manchu_language" title="Manchu language">Manchu</a> </td> <td>54 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>3,340 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>3,394 </td> <td>0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Japanese_language" title="Japanese language">Japanese</a> </td> <td>1,855 </td> <td>0.01 </td> <td>794 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>2,649 </td> <td>0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Serbo-Croatian" title="Serbo-Croatian">Serbo-Croatian</a> </td> <td>1,197 </td> <td>0.01 </td> <td>618 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>1,815 </td> <td>0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1mi_languages" title="Sámi languages">Sámi</a> </td> <td>41 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>1,771 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>1,812 </td> <td>0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a> </td> <td>93 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>1,603 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>1,696 </td> <td>0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_language" title="Norwegian language">Norwegian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Danish_language" title="Danish language">Danish</a> </td> <td>1,031 </td> <td>0.01 </td> <td>609 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>1,640 </td> <td>0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ainu_language" title="Ainu language">Ainu</a> </td> <td>6 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>1,440 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>1,446 </td> <td>0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Eskimo%E2%80%93Aleut_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Eskimo–Aleut languages">Eskimo</a> </td> <td>1 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>1,098 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>1,099 </td> <td>0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ket_language" title="Ket language">Yenisei-Ostyak (Ket)</a> </td> <td>6 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>988 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>994 </td> <td>0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_language" title="Hungarian language">Hungarian</a> </td> <td>699 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>262 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>961 </td> <td>0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Yukaghir_languages" title="Yukaghir languages">Yukaghir</a> </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>948 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>948 </td> <td>0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Albanian_language" title="Albanian language">Albanian</a> </td> <td>70 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>866 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>936 </td> <td>0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_language" title="Mongolian language">Mongolian</a> </td> <td>84 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>733 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>817 </td> <td>0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Afghan_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Afghan language">Afghan</a> </td> <td>43 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>571 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>614 </td> <td>0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Aleut_language" title="Aleut language">Aleut</a> </td> <td>338 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>246 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>584 </td> <td>0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chuvan_language" title="Chuvan language">Chuvan</a> </td> <td>190 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>316 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>506 </td> <td>0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Other Lezgic languages </td> <td>165 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>255 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>420 </td> <td>0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kist_people" title="Kist people">Kist</a> </td> <td>97 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>316 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>413 </td> <td>0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a> </td> <td>225 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>110 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>335 </td> <td>0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a> </td> <td>236 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>76 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>312 </td> <td>0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a> and <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a> </td> <td>112 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>26 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>138 </td> <td>0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Other languages </td> <td>69 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>5 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>74 </td> <td>0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Not indicated </td> <td>2,142 </td> <td>0.01 </td> <td>2,985 </td> <td>0.00 </td> <td>5,127 </td> <td>0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <th>TOTAL </th> <th>16,828,395 </th> <th>100.00 </th> <th>108,811,626 </th> <th>100.00 </th> <th>125,640,021 </th> <th>100.00 </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="By_religion">By religion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Empire_census&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: By religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Religious composition of the Russian Empire in 1897<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Faith </th> <th rowspan="2">Male </th> <th rowspan="2">Female </th> <th colspan="2">Both </th></tr> <tr> <th>Number </th> <th>% </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodoxy" title="Eastern Orthodoxy">Eastern Orthodox</a> </td> <td align="right">42,954,739 </td> <td align="right">44,168,865 </td> <td align="right">87,123,604 </td> <td align="right">69.34 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Muslims" title="Muslims">Muslim</a> </td> <td align="right">7,383,293 </td> <td align="right">6,523,679 </td> <td align="right">13,906,972 </td> <td align="right">11.07 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Roman Catholic</a> </td> <td align="right">5,686,361 </td> <td align="right">5,781,633 </td> <td align="right">11,467,994 </td> <td align="right">9.13 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jewish</a> </td> <td align="right">2,547,144 </td> <td align="right">2,668,661 </td> <td align="right">5,215,805 </td> <td align="right">4.15 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutherans</a> </td> <td align="right">1,739,814 </td> <td align="right">1,832,839 </td> <td align="right">3,572,653 </td> <td align="right">2.84 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Old_Believers" title="Old Believers">Old Believers</a> </td> <td align="right">1,029,023 </td> <td align="right">1,175,573 </td> <td align="right">2,204,596 </td> <td align="right">1.75 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Apostolic_Church" title="Armenian Apostolic Church">Armenian Apostolic</a> </td> <td align="right">625,592 </td> <td align="right">553,649 </td> <td align="right">1,179,241 </td> <td align="right">0.94 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhists</a> </td> <td align="right">240,739 </td> <td align="right">193,124 </td> <td align="right">433,863 </td> <td align="right">0.34 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Calvinism" class="mw-redirect" title="Calvinism">Reformed</a> </td> <td align="right">42,877 </td> <td align="right">42,523 </td> <td align="right">85,400 </td> <td align="right">0.07 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mennonites" title="Mennonites">Mennonite</a> </td> <td align="right">33,598 </td> <td align="right">32,966 </td> <td align="right">66,564 </td> <td align="right">0.05 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Catholic_Church" title="Armenian Catholic Church">Armenian Catholic</a> </td> <td align="right">20,028 </td> <td align="right">18,812 </td> <td align="right">38,840 </td> <td align="right">0.03 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Baptists" title="Baptists">Baptist</a> </td> <td align="right">18,372 </td> <td align="right">19,767 </td> <td align="right">38,139 </td> <td align="right">0.03 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Karaite_Judaism" title="Karaite Judaism">Karaite</a> </td> <td align="right">6,372 </td> <td align="right">6,522 </td> <td align="right">12,894 </td> <td align="right">0.01 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglican</a> </td> <td align="right">2,042 </td> <td align="right">2,141 </td> <td align="right">4,183 </td> <td align="right">0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Other Christian denominations </td> <td align="right">2,371 </td> <td align="right">1,581 </td> <td align="right">3,952 </td> <td align="right">0.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Other non-Christian denominations </td> <td align="right">144,983 </td> <td align="right">140,338 </td> <td align="right">285,321 </td> <td align="right">0.23 </td></tr> <tr> <th>TOTAL </th> <th>62,477,348 </th> <th>63,162,673 </th> <th>125,640,021 </th> <th>100.00 </th></tr></tbody></table> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Orthodox_Christians_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Eastern Orthodox"><img alt="Eastern Orthodox" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Orthodox_Christians_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png/170px-Orthodox_Christians_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Orthodox_Christians_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png/255px-Orthodox_Christians_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Orthodox_Christians_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png/340px-Orthodox_Christians_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png 2x" data-file-width="4664" data-file-height="5336" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Eastern Orthodox</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Muslims_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Muslims"><img alt="Muslims" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Muslims_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png/170px-Muslims_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Muslims_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png/255px-Muslims_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Muslims_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png/340px-Muslims_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png 2x" data-file-width="4664" data-file-height="5336" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Muslims</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roman_Catholics_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Roman Catholics"><img alt="Roman Catholics" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Roman_Catholics_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png/170px-Roman_Catholics_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Roman_Catholics_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png/255px-Roman_Catholics_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Roman_Catholics_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png/340px-Roman_Catholics_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png 2x" data-file-width="4664" data-file-height="5336" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Roman Catholics</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Adherents_of_Judaism_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Jews"><img alt="Jews" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Adherents_of_Judaism_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png/170px-Adherents_of_Judaism_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Adherents_of_Judaism_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png/255px-Adherents_of_Judaism_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Adherents_of_Judaism_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png/340px-Adherents_of_Judaism_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png 2x" data-file-width="4664" data-file-height="5336" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Jews</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lutherans_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Lutherans"><img alt="Lutherans" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Lutherans_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png/170px-Lutherans_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Lutherans_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png/255px-Lutherans_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Lutherans_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png/340px-Lutherans_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png 2x" data-file-width="4664" data-file-height="5336" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Lutherans</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Old_Believers_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Old Believers"><img alt="Old Believers" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Old_Believers_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png/170px-Old_Believers_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Old_Believers_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png/255px-Old_Believers_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Old_Believers_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png/340px-Old_Believers_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png 2x" data-file-width="4664" data-file-height="5336" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Old Believers</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Adherents_of_the_Armenian_Apostolic_Church_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Armenian Apostolics"><img alt="Armenian Apostolics" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Adherents_of_the_Armenian_Apostolic_Church_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png/170px-Adherents_of_the_Armenian_Apostolic_Church_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Adherents_of_the_Armenian_Apostolic_Church_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png/255px-Adherents_of_the_Armenian_Apostolic_Church_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Adherents_of_the_Armenian_Apostolic_Church_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png/340px-Adherents_of_the_Armenian_Apostolic_Church_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png 2x" data-file-width="4664" data-file-height="5336" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Armenian Apostolics</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Buddhists_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Buddhists"><img alt="Buddhists" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Buddhists_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png/170px-Buddhists_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Buddhists_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png/255px-Buddhists_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Buddhists_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png/340px-Buddhists_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png 2x" data-file-width="4664" data-file-height="5336" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Buddhists</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pagans_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Pagans"><img alt="Pagans" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Pagans_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png/170px-Pagans_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Pagans_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png/255px-Pagans_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Pagans_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png/340px-Pagans_in_the_Russian_Empire_1897.png 2x" data-file-width="4664" data-file-height="5336" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Pagans</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Population_by_modern-day_countries">Population by modern-day countries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Empire_census&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Population by modern-day countries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Russian_Empire_census" title="Special:EditPage/Russian Empire census">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2018</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> 67,476,000 (from this <a href="/wiki/Siberia" title="Siberia">Siberia</a> 5,758,822)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> 23,430,407 (from this <a href="/wiki/Crimea" title="Crimea">Crimea</a> 1,447,790)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vistula" title="Vistula">Vistula</a> basin) 9,402,253</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a> 6,927,040</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a> 4,000,000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a> 3,135,771</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a> 2,109,273</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a> 2,000,000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova">Moldova</a> 1,935,412</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a> 1,929,387</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a> 1,705,131</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a> 900,000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> 797,853<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKorkotyan1932167_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKorkotyan1932167-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (March 2023)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a> 750,000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a> 646,000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a> 350,000</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Largest_cities">Largest cities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Empire_census&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Largest cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_of_the_Russian_Empire_in_1897" title="List of cities of the Russian Empire in 1897">List of cities of the Russian Empire in 1897</a></div> <p>Largest cities of the Empire according to the census: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a> – 1,264,900</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a> – 1,038,600</li> <li>Varshava (<a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a>) – 626,000</li> <li>Odessa (<a href="/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa">Odesa</a>) – 403,800</li> <li>Lod (<a href="/wiki/%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA" title="Łódź">Łódź</a>) – 314,000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riga" title="Riga">Riga</a> – 282,200</li> <li>Kiev (<a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a>) – 247,700</li> <li>Kharkov (<a href="/wiki/Kharkiv" title="Kharkiv">Kharkiv</a>) – 174,000</li> <li>Tiflis (<a href="/wiki/Tbilisi" title="Tbilisi">Tbilisi</a>) – 159,600</li> <li>Vilna (<a href="/wiki/Vilnius" title="Vilnius">Vilnius</a>) – 154,500</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saratov" title="Saratov">Saratov</a> – 137,100</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazan" title="Kazan">Kazan</a> – 130,000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rostov-on-Don" title="Rostov-on-Don">Rostov-on-Don</a> – 119,500</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tula,_Russia" title="Tula, Russia">Tula</a> – 114,700</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrakhan" title="Astrakhan">Astrakhan</a> – 112,900</li> <li>Ekaterinoslav (<a href="/wiki/Dnipro" title="Dnipro">Dnipro</a>) – 112,800</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baku" title="Baku">Baku</a> – 111,900</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chi%C8%99in%C4%83u" title="Chișinău">Chișinău</a> – 108,500</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helsinki" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a> – 93,000</li> <li>Nikolayev (<a href="/wiki/Mykolaiv" title="Mykolaiv">Mykolaiv</a>) – 92,000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minsk" title="Minsk">Minsk</a> – 90,900</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nizhny_Novgorod" title="Nizhny Novgorod">Nizhny Novgorod</a> – 90,100</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samara,_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Samara, Russia">Samara</a> – 90,000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orenburg" title="Orenburg">Orenburg</a> – 72,400</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaroslavl" title="Yaroslavl">Yaroslavl</a> – 71,600</li> <li>Dvinsk (<a href="/wiki/Daugavpils" title="Daugavpils">Daugavpils</a>) – 69,675</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitebsk" title="Vitebsk">Vitebsk</a> – 65,900</li> <li>Reval (<a href="/wiki/Tallinn" title="Tallinn">Tallinn</a>) – 64 572</li> <li>Libava (<a href="/wiki/Liep%C4%81ja" title="Liepāja">Liepāja</a>) – 64,489</li> <li>Yekaterinodar (<a href="/wiki/Krasnodar" title="Krasnodar">Krasnodar</a>) – 65,600</li> <li>Tsaritsyn (<a href="/wiki/Volgograd" title="Volgograd">Volgograd</a>) – 55,200</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Data_availability">Data availability</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Empire_census&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Data availability"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Each enumeration form was copied twice, with the three copies filed in the <a href="/wiki/Volost" title="Volost">Volost</a> (county) archives, the <a href="/wiki/Governorate_(Russia)" title="Governorate (Russia)">governorate</a> archives, and the Central Statistical Bureau in St. Petersburg. The copies in St. Petersburg were destroyed after they had been tabulated.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-familysearch_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-familysearch-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most of the copies stored locally and regionally have also been destroyed; however, the complete census for the <a href="/wiki/Arkhangelsk_Governorate" title="Arkhangelsk Governorate">Arkhangelsk</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tobolsk_Governorate" title="Tobolsk Governorate">Tobolsk</a> governorates has been preserved, and the census for portions of several other governorates is also extant.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Assessment">Assessment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Empire_census&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Assessment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The results may have been influenced by national policy of the authorities: the population of Russian ethnicity was somewhat exaggerated.<sup id="cite_ref-geifman_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-geifman-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thus for example, the number of Poles is underrepresented.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Imperial officials classified the Ukrainian and Belarusian languages as belonging to the Russian group and labeled those nationalities as <a href="/wiki/Little_Russian" class="mw-redirect" title="Little Russian">Little Russian</a> for Ukrainians and <a href="/wiki/Belarusians" title="Belarusians">White Russian</a> for Belarusians.<sup id="cite_ref-geifman_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-geifman-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The census did not contain a question on ethnicity, which was deduced from data on mother tongue, social estate and occupation. There was also a 1916 and 1917 "agricultural census" that was carried out throughout the empire (except in some parts of the Caucasus, Eastern Russia, and Siberia), and a 1920 "general census" (except in the Russian far north, far east, Ukraine, and the Caucasus).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnderson201129_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnderson201129-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Empire_census&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Revision_list" title="Revision list">Revision list</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Empire_census&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Empire_census&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Russian: <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Пе́рвая всео́бщая пе́репись населе́нія Россíйской импе́ріи 1897 го́да</span></span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Russian" title="Romanization of Russian">romanized</a>:</small> <span title="Russian-language romanization"><i lang="ru-Latn">Pérvaya vseóbshchaya pérelis' naseléniya Rossíyskoy impérii 1897 góda</i></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Termed as <i>Great Russian</i> (<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Великорусский</span></span>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Termed as <i>Little Russian</i> (<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Малорусский</span></span>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Termed as <i>White Russian</i> (<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Белорусский</span></span>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_language" title="Kazakh language">Kazakh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kyrgyz_language" title="Kyrgyz language">Kyrgyz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karakalpak_language" title="Karakalpak language">Karakalpak</a> and some other smaller Central Asian languages grouped together</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Incorporates many <a href="/wiki/Tatars" title="Tatars">Tatar</a> and Turkic speaking nationalities, such as <a href="/wiki/Crimean_Tatar_language" title="Crimean Tatar language">Crimean Tatar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tatar_language" title="Tatar language">Volga Tatar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Siberian_Tatar_language" title="Siberian Tatar language">Siberian Tatar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_language" title="Azerbaijani language">Azerbaijani</a> and others.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Empire_census&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERosstat201370-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERosstat201370_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRosstat2013">Rosstat 2013</a>, p. 70.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBorrero2009393-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBorrero2009393_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBorrero2009">Borrero 2009</a>, p. 393.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-familysearch-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-familysearch_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-familysearch_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://familysearch.org/wiki/en/Russia_Census">"Russia Census"</a>. <i>FamilySearch</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FamilySearch&rft.atitle=Russia+Census&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Fwiki%2Fen%2FRussia_Census&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Empire+census" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus_lan_97.php"><bdi lang="ru">Первая всеобщая перепись населения Российской Империи 1897 г. Распределение населения по родному языку, губерниям и областям</bdi></a> (in Russian). Demoscope Weekly<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 October</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8+1897+%D0%B3.+%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83+%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%83%2C+%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BC+%D0%B8+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%BC&rft.pub=Demoscope+Weekly&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdemoscope.ru%2Fweekly%2Fssp%2Frus_lan_97.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Empire+census" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101105015116/http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus_rel_97.php?reg=0">"Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей"</a>. 2010-11-05. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus_rel_97.php?reg=0">the original</a> on 5 November 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-03-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF+Weekly+-+%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5.+%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA+%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9.&rft.date=2010-11-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdemoscope.ru%2Fweekly%2Fssp%2Frus_rel_97.php%3Freg%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Empire+census" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKorkotyan1932167-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKorkotyan1932167_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKorkotyan1932">Korkotyan 1932</a>, p. 167.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1448/">"Russia, Jewish Families in Russian Empire Census, 1897"</a>. <i>Ancestry</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ancestry&rft.atitle=Russia%2C+Jewish+Families+in+Russian+Empire+Census%2C+1897&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ancestry.com%2Fsearch%2Fcollections%2F1448%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Empire+census" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180205064022/http://www.findrussianheritage.com/online-projects/russian-ancestry-1897-census/">"1897 Census of Imperial Russia"</a>. <i>Find Russian Heritage</i>. Archived from the original on 2018-02-05.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Find+Russian+Heritage&rft.atitle=1897+Census+of+Imperial+Russia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.findrussianheritage.com%2Fonline-projects%2Frussian-ancestry-1897-census%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Empire+census" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unfit URL (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unfit_URL" title="Category:CS1 maint: unfit URL">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190417012637/http://alexdunai.com/documents/item_12/">"Documents of the First General Census of the population of Russian Empire in the Ukrainian Archives"</a>. <i>Alex Dunai's personal website</i>. Archived from the original on 2019-04-17.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Alex+Dunai%27s+personal+website&rft.atitle=Documents+of+the+First+General+Census+of+the+population+of+Russian+Empire+in+the+Ukrainian+Archives&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Falexdunai.com%2Fdocuments%2Fitem_12%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Empire+census" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unfit URL (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unfit_URL" title="Category:CS1 maint: unfit URL">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-geifman-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-geifman_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-geifman_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Anna_Geifman" title="Anna Geifman">Anna Geifman</a>, <i>Russia Under the Last Tsar: Opposition and Subversion, 1894-1917</i>, Wiley-Blackwell, 1999, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55786-995-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-55786-995-2">1-55786-995-2</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HBg7tQ7BGY0C&pg=PA118">Google Print, p. 118-119</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Piotr Eberhardt, Jan Owsinski, <i>Ethnic groups and population changes in twentieth-century Central-Eastern Europe</i>, M.E. Sharpe, 2003, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7656-0665-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-7656-0665-8">0-7656-0665-8</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jLfX1q3kJzgC&pg=RA1-PA27">Google Print, p.27</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jerzy Borzęcki, <i>The Soviet-Polish peace of 1921 and the creation of interwar Europe</i>, Yale University Press, 2008, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-300-12121-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-300-12121-0">0-300-12121-0</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wjsk1sdZzdIC&pg=PA10">Google Print, p.10</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnderson201129-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnderson201129_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAnderson2011">Anderson 2011</a>, p. 29.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Empire_census&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarabchukKumoSelezneva2016" class="citation book cs1">Karabchuk, Tatiana; Kumo, Kuzuhiro; Selezneva, Ekaterina (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tliXDQAAQBAJ"><i>Demography of Russia: From the Past to the Present</i></a>. Springer. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-137-51850-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-137-51850-7"><bdi>978-1-137-51850-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Demography+of+Russia%3A+From+the+Past+to+the+Present&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-1-137-51850-7&rft.aulast=Karabchuk&rft.aufirst=Tatiana&rft.au=Kumo%2C+Kuzuhiro&rft.au=Selezneva%2C+Ekaterina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtliXDQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Empire+census" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosstat2013" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/document/document_history_publication/2018-06/25/stat_2012-10-10.pdf"><i>Istoriya rossiyskoy gosudarstvennoy statistiki: 1811-2011</i> <bdi lang="ru">История российской государственной статистики: 1811-2011</bdi></a> [<i>History of Russian State statistics: 1811–2011</i>] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Russian). ИИЦ «Статистика России». 2013. p. 70. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-5-4269-0029-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-5-4269-0029-5"><bdi>978-5-4269-0029-5</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221124001841/https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/document/document_history_publication/2018-06/25/stat_2012-10-10.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 24 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Istoriya+rossiyskoy+gosudarstvennoy+statistiki%3A+1811-2011+%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%3A+1811-2011&rft.pages=70&rft.pub=%D0%98%D0%98%D0%A6+%C2%AB%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8%C2%BB&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-5-4269-0029-5&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frosstat.gov.ru%2Fstorage%2Fdocument%2Fdocument_history_publication%2F2018-06%2F25%2Fstat_2012-10-10.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Empire+census" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBorrero2009" class="citation book cs1">Borrero, Mauricio (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dhm0cGdrTOIC"><i>Russia: A Reference Guide from the Renaissance to the Present</i></a>. Infobase Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8160-7475-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8160-7475-4"><bdi>978-0-8160-7475-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Russia%3A+A+Reference+Guide+from+the+Renaissance+to+the+Present&rft.pub=Infobase+Publishing&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-8160-7475-4&rft.aulast=Borrero&rft.aufirst=Mauricio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Ddhm0cGdrTOIC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Empire+census" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnderson2011" class="citation book cs1">Anderson, David G., ed. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/733040240"><i>The 1926/27 Soviet Polar Census Expeditions</i></a>. New York: Berghahn Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85745-044-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85745-044-9"><bdi>978-0-85745-044-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/733040240">733040240</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+1926%2F27+Soviet+Polar+Census+Expeditions&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Berghahn+Books&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F733040240&rft.isbn=978-0-85745-044-9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F733040240&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Empire+census" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><i>Первая всеобщая перепись населенiя Россійской Имперіи</i>. Под редакцiею Н. А. Тройницкаго. — СПб.: Изданiе центральнаго статистическаго комитета министерства внутреннихъ делъ, 1905. (The First Total Census of Russian Empire. A publication of the central statistical bureau of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Editor N. A. Toynitsky.)</li> <li><i>РОССИЯ. Полное Географическое Описание Нашего Отечества</i>. Под ред. П. П. Семенова-Тян-Шанского. — СПб., 1913. (Semenov-Tyan-Shanskiy, P. P. (Ed.): <i>RUSSIA. Complete Geographical Description of our Fatherland</i>. — St. Petersburg, 1913. This latter work reproduces most of the results of the census, and is a good deal easier to find in western libraries than the original publication.)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus_lan_97.php">Первая всеобщая перепись населения Российской Империи 1897 г. Распределение населения по родному языку и регионам</a> (First General Russian Empire Census of 1897. Population breakdown by mother tongue and regions) (Demoscope.ru) <span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus_lan_97_uezd_eng.php">The First General Census of the Russian Empire of 1897. Breakdown of population by mother tongue and districts in 50 Governorates of the European Russia (1777 territorial units)</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKorkotyan1932" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Korkotyan, Zaven (1932). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220202085400/http://haygirk.nla.am/upload/1512-1940/1901-1940/hayastani_bnakchutyuny_1932.pdf"><bdi lang="hy">Խորհրդային Հայաստանի բնակչությունը վերջին հարյուրամյակում (1831-1931)</bdi></a> [<i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110752153" class="extiw" title="d:Q110752153">The population of Soviet Armenia in the last century (1831–1931)</a></i>] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Armenian). Yerevan: Pethrat. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://haygirk.nla.am/upload/1512-1940/1901-1940/hayastani_bnakchutyuny_1932.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D4%BD%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B0%D6%80%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6+%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB+%D5%A2%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%B9%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%A8+%D5%BE%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%BB%D5%AB%D5%B6+%D5%B0%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4+%281831-1931%29&rft.place=Yerevan&rft.pub=Pethrat&rft.date=1932&rft.aulast=Korkotyan&rft.aufirst=Zaven&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhaygirk.nla.am%2Fupload%2F1512-1940%2F1901-1940%2Fhayastani_bnakchutyuny_1932.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Empire+census" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_websites">Other websites</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Empire_census&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Other websites"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatowel.in.ua/pop-composition/languages-census-1897">A website containing an interactive map with native language, religion, and urbanization data for each Russian district (uyezd) in the 1897 Russian census for a district's total population, urban population, and rural population</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Russian_censuses" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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href="/wiki/Template:Russian_censuses" title="Template:Russian censuses"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Russian_censuses" title="Template talk:Russian censuses"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Russian_censuses" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Russian censuses"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Russian_censuses" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Russian_censuses" title="List of Russian censuses">Russian censuses</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1897</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1920_Russian_census" title="1920 Russian census">1920</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1926_Soviet_census" title="1926 Soviet census">1926</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1937_Soviet_census" title="1937 Soviet census">1937</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1939_Soviet_census" title="1939 Soviet census">1939</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1959_Soviet_census" title="1959 Soviet census">1959</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_Soviet_census" title="1970 Soviet census">1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_Soviet_census" title="1979 Soviet census">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_Soviet_census" title="1989 Soviet census">1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_Russian_census" title="2002 Russian census">2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Russian_census" title="2010 Russian census">2010</a> (<a href="/wiki/2014_Crimean_Federal_District_census" title="2014 Crimean Federal District census">2014</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Russian_census" title="2021 Russian census">2021</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Russia" title="Demographics of Russia">Demographics of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographic_crisis_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographic crisis of Russia">Demographic crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revision_list" title="Revision list">Revision list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="Soviet Census">Soviet Census</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Federal_State_Statistics_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Federal State Statistics Service">Russian Federal State Statistics Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Cross" title="Russian Cross">Russian Cross</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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