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<li id="toc-Renovations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Renovations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Renovations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Renovations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Layout" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Layout"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Layout</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Layout-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Layout subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Layout-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Building" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Building"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Building</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Building-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Lower_level" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lower_level"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>Lower level</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lower_level-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-First_floor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_floor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.2</span> <span>First floor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_floor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Second_floor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Second_floor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.3</span> <span>Second floor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Second_floor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Third_floor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Third_floor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.4</span> <span>Third floor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Third_floor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Outdoor_sculptures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Outdoor_sculptures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Outdoor sculptures</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Outdoor_sculptures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Archives" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Archives"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Archives</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Archives-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jerome_and_Dorothy_Lemelson_Center_for_the_Study_of_Invention_and_Innovation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jerome_and_Dorothy_Lemelson_Center_for_the_Study_of_Invention_and_Innovation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Jerome and Dorothy Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jerome_and_Dorothy_Lemelson_Center_for_the_Study_of_Invention_and_Innovation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Directors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Directors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Directors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Directors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Past_exhibits" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Past_exhibits"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Past exhibits</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Past_exhibits-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">National Museum of American History</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A_%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A" title="المتحف القومي للتاريخ الأمريكي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="المتحف القومي للتاريخ الأمريكي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Museum_of_American_History" title="National Museum of American History – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="National Museum of American History" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museo_Nacional_de_Historia_Estadounidense" title="Museo Nacional de Historia Estadounidense – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Museo Nacional de Historia Estadounidense" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nacia_Muzeo_de_Usona_Historio" title="Nacia Muzeo de Usona Historio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nacia Muzeo de Usona Historio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%87_%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AE_%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="موزه ملی تاریخ آمریکا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="موزه ملی تاریخ آمریکا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_national_d%27histoire_am%C3%A9ricaine" title="Musée national d'histoire américaine – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Musée national d'histoire américaine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EB%A6%BD_%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD%EC%82%AC_%EB%B0%95%EB%AC%BC%EA%B4%80" title="국립 미국사 박물관 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="국립 미국사 박물관" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B4%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%B4%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%A9%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A3%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Ամերիկյան պատմության ազգային թանգարան – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ամերիկյան պատմության ազգային թանգարան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museum_Nasional_Sejarah_Amerika" title="Museum Nasional Sejarah Amerika – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Museum Nasional Sejarah Amerika" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Museum_of_American_History" title="National Museum of American History – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="National Museum of American History" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%96%D7%99%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99_%D7%9C%D7%94%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA" title="המוזיאון הלאומי להיסטוריה אמריקנית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="המוזיאון הלאומי להיסטוריה אמריקנית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Museum_of_American_History" title="National Museum of American History – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="National Museum of American History" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%96%E1%83%94%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="ამერიკის ისტორიის ეროვნული მუზეუმი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ამერიკის ისტორიის ეროვნული მუზეუმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nacionalinis_Amerikos_istorijos_muziejus" title="Nacionalinis Amerikos istorijos muziejus – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Nacionalinis Amerikos istorijos muziejus" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%88%D9%85%D9%89_%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%89" title="المتحف القومى للتاريخ الامريكى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="المتحف القومى للتاريخ الامريكى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Museum_of_American_History" title="National Museum of American History – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="National Museum of American History" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E7%AB%8B%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E6%AD%B4%E5%8F%B2%E5%8D%9A%E7%89%A9%E9%A4%A8" title="国立アメリカ歴史博物館 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="国立アメリカ歴史博物館" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%86%D9%84_%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%85_%D8%A2%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%86_%DB%81%D8%B3%D9%B9%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="نیشنل میوزیم آف امریکن ہسٹری – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="نیشنل میوزیم آف امریکن ہسٹری" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Museum_of_American_History" title="National Museum of American History – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="National Museum of American History" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museu_Nacional_da_Hist%C3%B3ria_Americana" title="Museu Nacional da História Americana – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Museu Nacional da História Americana" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Национальный музей американской истории – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Национальный музей американской истории" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yhdysvaltain_historian_museo" title="Yhdysvaltain historian museo – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Yhdysvaltain historian museo" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Museum_of_American_History" title="National Museum of American History – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="National Museum of American History" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulusal_Amerikan_Tarihi_M%C3%BCzesi" title="Ulusal Amerikan Tarihi Müzesi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ulusal Amerikan Tarihi Müzesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%97_%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%96%D1%97" title="Національний музей американської історії – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Національний музей американської історії" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%86%D9%84_%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%85_%D8%A2%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%86_%DB%81%D8%B3%D9%B9%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="نیشنل میوزیم آف امریکن ہسٹری – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نیشنل میوزیم آف امریکن ہسٹری" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E5%8D%9A%E7%89%A9%E9%A6%86" title="美国国家历史博物馆 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="美国国家历史博物馆" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=National_Museum_of_American_History&params=38_53_28_N_77_01_48_W_region:US-DC_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°53′28″N</span> <span class="longitude">77°01′48″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.89111°N 77.03000°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.89111; -77.03000</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Museum in Washington, D.C.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with the <a href="/wiki/American_Museum_of_Natural_History" title="American Museum of Natural History">American Museum of Natural History</a> in New York City.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">National Museum of American History</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:National_Museum_of_American_History_Logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/57/National_Museum_of_American_History_Logo.png/270px-National_Museum_of_American_History_Logo.png" decoding="async" width="270" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/57/National_Museum_of_American_History_Logo.png/405px-National_Museum_of_American_History_Logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/57/National_Museum_of_American_History_Logo.png/540px-National_Museum_of_American_History_Logo.png 2x" data-file-width="681" data-file-height="146" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Aerial_view_of_National_Museum_of_American_History.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Aerial_view_of_National_Museum_of_American_History.jpg/250px-Aerial_view_of_National_Museum_of_American_History.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Aerial_view_of_National_Museum_of_American_History.jpg/375px-Aerial_view_of_National_Museum_of_American_History.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Aerial_view_of_National_Museum_of_American_History.jpg/500px-Aerial_view_of_National_Museum_of_American_History.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6697" data-file-height="3984" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Aerial view of the museum in 2010</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="13" data-overlays="["_a675108f23fefe3c483e461ed24e03a8be12109a"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,a,a,250x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=National_Museum_of_American_History&revid=1249765171&groups=_a675108f23fefe3c483e461ed24e03a8be12109a" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,a,a,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=National_Museum_of_American_History&revid=1249765171&groups=_a675108f23fefe3c483e461ed24e03a8be12109a 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">1964</td></tr><tr class="adr"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data locality">1300 <a href="/wiki/Constitution_Avenue" title="Constitution Avenue">Constitution Ave.</a> NW, <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=National_Museum_of_American_History&params=38_53_28_N_77_01_48_W_region:US-DC_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°53′28″N</span> <span class="longitude">77°01′48″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.89111°N 77.03000°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.89111; -77.03000</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/History_museum" class="mw-redirect" title="History museum">History museum</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Visitors</th><td class="infobox-data">2.1 million (2023)<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Director</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Anthea_M._Hartig" title="Anthea M. Hartig">Anthea M. Hartig</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Architect</th><td class="infobox-data agent">McKim Mead & White</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Public transit access</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Washington_Metro" title="Washington Metro"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/WMATA_Metro_Logo.svg/15px-WMATA_Metro_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/WMATA_Metro_Logo.svg/23px-WMATA_Metro_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/WMATA_Metro_Logo.svg/30px-WMATA_Metro_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="655" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Blue_Line_(Washington_Metro)" title="Blue Line (Washington Metro)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/WMATA_Blue.svg/15px-WMATA_Blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/WMATA_Blue.svg/23px-WMATA_Blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/WMATA_Blue.svg/30px-WMATA_Blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Orange_Line_(Washington_Metro)" title="Orange Line (Washington Metro)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/WMATA_Orange.svg/15px-WMATA_Orange.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/WMATA_Orange.svg/23px-WMATA_Orange.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/WMATA_Orange.svg/30px-WMATA_Orange.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Silver_Line_(Washington_Metro)" title="Silver Line (Washington Metro)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/WMATA_Silver.svg/15px-WMATA_Silver.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/WMATA_Silver.svg/23px-WMATA_Silver.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/WMATA_Silver.svg/30px-WMATA_Silver.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> at <a href="/wiki/Federal_Triangle_(WMATA_station)" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Triangle (WMATA station)">Federal Triangle</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanhistory.si.edu/">americanhistory<wbr />.si<wbr />.edu</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148584#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>National Museum of American History: Kenneth E. Behring Center</b> is a historical museum in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> It collects, preserves, and displays the heritage of the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> in the areas of social, political, cultural, scientific, and military history. Among the items on display is the original <a href="/wiki/Star-Spangled_Banner_(flag)" title="Star-Spangled Banner (flag)">Star-Spangled Banner</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Museum" title="Museum">museum</a> is part of the <a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Institution" title="Smithsonian Institution">Smithsonian Institution</a> and located on the <a href="/wiki/National_Mall" title="National Mall">National Mall</a> at <a href="/wiki/14th_Street_(Washington,_D.C.)" title="14th Street (Washington, D.C.)">14th Street</a> and <a href="/wiki/Constitution_Avenue" title="Constitution Avenue">Constitution Avenue</a> NW in Washington, D.C. </p><p>In 2023, the museum received 2.1 million visitors, ranking the <a href="/wiki/List_of_most-visited_museums_in_the_United_States" title="List of most-visited museums in the United States">sixth-most visited museum in the U.S.</a><sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Museum_of_American_History&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The museum opened in 1964 as the <b>Museum of History and Technology</b>. It was one of the last structures designed by the renowned architectural firm <a href="/wiki/McKim_Mead_%26_White" class="mw-redirect" title="McKim Mead & White">McKim Mead & White</a>. In 1980, the museum was renamed the <b>National Museum of American History</b> to represent its mission of the collection, care, study, and interpretation of objects that reflect the experience of the American people. </p><p>The museum site had previously held two <a href="/wiki/Temporary_buildings_of_the_National_Mall" title="Temporary buildings of the National Mall">temporary war buildings</a> constructed in 1942.<sup id="cite_ref-map2_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-map2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 2012, <a href="/wiki/John_Gray_(museum_administrator)" title="John Gray (museum administrator)">John Gray</a> became the new director.<sup id="cite_ref-boehm_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-boehm-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He retired from the post in May 2018 and was succeeded by Anthea M. Hartig who was previously chief executive of the California Historical Society.<sup id="cite_ref-post_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-post-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Renovations">Renovations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Museum_of_American_History&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Renovations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:National_Museum_of_American_History_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/National_Museum_of_American_History_1.jpg/220px-National_Museum_of_American_History_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/National_Museum_of_American_History_1.jpg/330px-National_Museum_of_American_History_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/National_Museum_of_American_History_1.jpg/440px-National_Museum_of_American_History_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>The south facade of the museum</figcaption></figure> <p>The museum underwent an $85 million renovation from September 5, 2006, to November 21, 2008,<sup id="cite_ref-Kopper_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kopper-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> during which time it was closed.<sup id="cite_ref-NMAH_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NMAH-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Skidmore,_Owings_and_Merrill" class="mw-redirect" title="Skidmore, Owings and Merrill">Skidmore, Owings and Merrill</a> provided the architecture and interior design services for the renovation, led by <a href="/wiki/Gary_Haney" title="Gary Haney">Gary Haney</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Major changes made during the renovation include: </p> <ul><li>A new, five-story sky-lit atrium, which is surrounded by displays of artifacts that showcase the breadth of the museum's collection.</li> <li>A new, grand staircase that links the museum's first and second floors.</li> <li>A new welcome center, and the addition of six landmark objects to orient visitors.</li> <li>New galleries, such as the Jerome and Dorothy Lemelson Hall of Invention.</li> <li>An environmentally controlled chamber to protect the original <a href="/wiki/Star_Spangled_Banner_Flag" class="mw-redirect" title="Star Spangled Banner Flag">Star-Spangled Banner</a> flag.</li></ul> <p>In 2012, the museum began a $37 million renovation of the west wing to add new exhibition spaces, public plazas and an education center.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The renovation will also include panoramic windows overlooking the National Mall on all three floors and new interactive features to the exhibits.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first floor of the west wing reopened on July 1, 2015, with the second and third floors of the west wing reopening in 2016 and 2017, respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Layout">Layout</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Museum_of_American_History&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Layout"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nat._Museum_of_American_History,_Washington,_D.C._IMG_4758.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Nat._Museum_of_American_History%2C_Washington%2C_D.C._IMG_4758.JPG/220px-Nat._Museum_of_American_History%2C_Washington%2C_D.C._IMG_4758.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Nat._Museum_of_American_History%2C_Washington%2C_D.C._IMG_4758.JPG/330px-Nat._Museum_of_American_History%2C_Washington%2C_D.C._IMG_4758.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Nat._Museum_of_American_History%2C_Washington%2C_D.C._IMG_4758.JPG/440px-Nat._Museum_of_American_History%2C_Washington%2C_D.C._IMG_4758.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240" /></a><figcaption>North facade entrance of the museum</figcaption></figure> <p>Each wing of the museum's three exhibition floors is anchored by a landmark object to highlight the theme of that wing. These include the <a href="/wiki/John_Bull_(locomotive)" title="John Bull (locomotive)"><i>John Bull</i> locomotive</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greensboro_sit-ins" title="Greensboro sit-ins">the Greensboro, North Carolina lunch counter</a>, and a one of a kind draft wheel. Landmarks from pre-existing exhibits include the 1865 Vassar Telescope, a <a href="/wiki/George_Washington_(Greenough)" title="George Washington (Greenough)">George Washington Statue</a>, a <a href="/wiki/American_Red_Cross" title="American Red Cross">Red Cross</a> ambulance, and a car from <a href="/wiki/Disneyland" title="Disneyland">Disneyland</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Dumbo_the_Flying_Elephant_(ride)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dumbo the Flying Elephant (ride)">Dumbo Flying Elephant ride</a>. </p><p>Artifact walls, 275 feet (84 m) of glass-fronted cases, line the first and second floor center core. The artifact walls are organized around themes including arts; popular culture; business, work and economy; home and family; community; land and natural resources; peopling America; politics and reform; science; medicine; technology; and the United States' role in the world. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Building">Building</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Museum_of_American_History&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Building"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Lower_level">Lower level</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Museum_of_American_History&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Lower level"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The lower level of the museum displays <i>Taking America to Lunch</i>, which celebrates the history of American lunch boxes, many decorated with pop culture. The museum's <a href="/wiki/Food_court" title="Food court">food court</a>, the Stars and Stripes Café, and ride simulators are also located here. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="First_floor">First floor</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Museum_of_American_History&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: First floor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Bull_NMAH_side.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/John_Bull_NMAH_side.jpg/220px-John_Bull_NMAH_side.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/John_Bull_NMAH_side.jpg/330px-John_Bull_NMAH_side.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/John_Bull_NMAH_side.jpg/440px-John_Bull_NMAH_side.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3618" data-file-height="2585" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/John_Bull_(locomotive)" title="John Bull (locomotive)">John Bull</a></i>, an 1831 locomotive displayed in <i>America on the Move</i>, a first-floor exhibit</figcaption></figure> <p>The first floor's East Wing (called 1 East) has exhibits that feature transportation and technology; they include <i>America on the Move</i> and <i>Lighting a Revolution.</i> The <a href="/wiki/John_Bull_(locomotive)" title="John Bull (locomotive)"><i>John Bull</i> locomotive</a> is the signature artifact. Exhibits within <i>America on the Move</i> include <a href="/wiki/Southern_Railway_1401" title="Southern Railway 1401">Southern Railway locomotive no. 1401</a>, <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_Railroad_no._3" class="mw-redirect" title="Santa Cruz Railroad no. 3">Santa Cruz Railroad no. 3</a>, and a <a href="/wiki/Chicago_%22L%22" title="Chicago "L"">Chicago "L"</a> elevated station diorama featuring a <a href="/wiki/6000-series_(CTA)" title="6000-series (CTA)">CTA 6000-series railcar</a>. </p><p>The exhibits in the West Wing (1 West) address science and innovation. They include <i>Science in American Life featuring Robots on the Road</i> and <i>Bon Appétit! <a href="/wiki/Julia_Child" title="Julia Child">Julia Child</a>'s Kitchen.</i> <i>Spark!Lab</i> is a hands-on exhibit of the Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation. The Vassar Telescope is the signature artifact. </p><p>A café and the main museum store are also located on the first floor. The first floor also contains the Constitution Avenue lobby (1 Center), as well as a space for a temporary exhibit. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Second_floor">Second floor</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Museum_of_American_History&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Second floor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:George_Washington_Greenough_statue.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/George_Washington_Greenough_statue.jpg/170px-George_Washington_Greenough_statue.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="239" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/George_Washington_Greenough_statue.jpg/255px-George_Washington_Greenough_statue.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/George_Washington_Greenough_statue.jpg/340px-George_Washington_Greenough_statue.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="3996" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_(Greenough)" title="George Washington (Greenough)">George Washington</a></i>, 1840, by <a href="/wiki/Horatio_Greenough" title="Horatio Greenough">Horatio Greenough</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The exhibitions in 2 East, the east wing of the second floor, consider American ideals and include the Albert Small Documents Gallery featuring rotating exhibits. From November 21, 2008, through January 4, 2009, an original copy of the <a href="/wiki/Gettysburg_Address" title="Gettysburg Address">Gettysburg Address</a>, on loan from the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a>, was on display. The <a href="/wiki/Greensboro_sit-ins" title="Greensboro sit-ins">Greensboro lunch counter</a> is the signature artifact for this section of the museum. </p><p>Located in the center of the second floor (2 Center) is the original <a href="/wiki/Star_Spangled_Banner_Flag" class="mw-redirect" title="Star Spangled Banner Flag">Star Spangled Banner Flag</a> which inspired <a href="/wiki/Francis_Scott_Key" title="Francis Scott Key">Francis Scott Key</a>'s <a href="/wiki/The_Star-Spangled_Banner" title="The Star-Spangled Banner">poem</a>. The newly conserved flag, the centerpiece of the renovated museum, is displayed in a climate-controlled room at the heart of the museum. An interactive display by <a href="/wiki/Potion_Design" title="Potion Design">Potion Design</a>, just across the room from the flag, features a full-size, digital reproduction of the flag that allows patrons to learn more about it by touching different areas on the flag. </p><p>The <i><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_(Greenough)" title="George Washington (Greenough)">George Washington</a></i> statue, sculpted by <a href="/wiki/Horatio_Greenough" title="Horatio Greenough">Horatio Greenough</a> for exhibit in the <a href="/wiki/Capitol_Rotunda" class="mw-redirect" title="Capitol Rotunda">Rotunda of the United States Capitol</a> and in celebration of the centennial of Washington's birth, is the signature artifact for 2 West, the west wing of the second floor of the museum. </p><p>An entire eighteenth century <a href="/wiki/American_colonial_architecture" title="American colonial architecture">colonial house</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Choate-Caldwell_House" title="Choate-Caldwell House">Choate-Caldwell House</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1710/1760</span>) from <a href="/wiki/Ipswich,_Massachusetts" title="Ipswich, Massachusetts">Ipswich, Massachusetts</a> is located on the second floor (in 2 West) as part of the "Within These Walls" exhibit.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The second floor also houses the museum's new welcome center and a store. The second-floor lobby leads out to Madison Drive and the <a href="/wiki/National_Mall" title="National Mall">National Mall</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Third_floor">Third floor</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Museum_of_American_History&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Third floor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GunboatPhiladelphia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/GunboatPhiladelphia.jpg/220px-GunboatPhiladelphia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/GunboatPhiladelphia.jpg/330px-GunboatPhiladelphia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/GunboatPhiladelphia.jpg/440px-GunboatPhiladelphia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="507" /></a><figcaption>The gunboat <i><a href="/wiki/USS_Philadelphia_(1776)" title="USS Philadelphia (1776)">Philadelphia</a></i></figcaption></figure> <p>Exhibits in the east wing of the third floor, 3 East, are focused on the military history of the United States; they include <i>The Price of Freedom: Americans at War</i> and the gunboat <i><a href="/wiki/USS_Philadelphia_(1776)" title="USS Philadelphia (1776)">Philadelphia</a></i>. </p><p>The center of the third floor, 3 Center, presents <i>The American Presidency: A Glorious Burden</i>, which explores the personal and public lives of the men who have held that office. It also features the popular permanent exhibit of <i><a href="/wiki/First_Lady_of_the_United_States" title="First Lady of the United States">First Ladies</a> of America</i>, which features their contributions and changing roles, and displays their dresses as a mark of changing times. </p><p>The third-floor west wing, 3 West, has exhibits that feature entertainment, sports, and music. These include <i>Thanks for the Memories: Music, Sports and Entertainment History</i>, the Hall of Musical Instruments, and <i>The Dolls' House</i>. A car from <a href="/wiki/Disneyland" title="Disneyland">Disneyland</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Dumbo_the_Flying_Elephant_(ride)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dumbo the Flying Elephant (ride)">Dumbo the Flying Elephant ride</a>. The most recent exhibit is <i>Entertainment Nation</i> which features objects from Judy Garland, Prince, Selena, Muhammad Ali, <i>Star Wars</i>, <i>Sesame Street</i>, <i>Hamilton</i>, and more.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Outdoor_sculptures">Outdoor sculptures</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Museum_of_American_History&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Outdoor sculptures"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1967, the 24-foot-tall (7.3 m) <a href="/wiki/Abstract_art" title="Abstract art">abstract</a> <a href="/wiki/Sculpture" title="Sculpture">sculpture</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Infinity_(de_Rivera)" title="Infinity (de Rivera)">Infinity</a></i> was dedicated at the <a href="/wiki/National_Mall" title="National Mall">National Mall</a> entrance. Designed by <a href="/wiki/Jose_de_Rivera" class="mw-redirect" title="Jose de Rivera">José de Rivera</a> and created by <a href="/wiki/Roy_Gussow" title="Roy Gussow">Roy Gussow</a>, it was one of the first abstract sculptures displayed at a major <a href="/wiki/Public_building" class="mw-redirect" title="Public building">public building</a> in Washington D.C. The sculpture is a 16-foot-long (4.9 m), polished <a href="/wiki/Stainless_steel" title="Stainless steel">stainless steel</a> ribbon on top of a <a href="/wiki/Granite" title="Granite">granite</a> tower.<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Calder" title="Alexander Calder">Alexander Calder</a>'s sculpture <i><a href="/wiki/Gwenfritz" title="Gwenfritz">Gwenfritz</a></i> was installed in a fountain on the west side. The steel abstract <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Calder" title="Alexander Calder">stabile</a> was dedicated to the museum on June 2, 1969. In 1984, the museum moved the work to a site closer to Constitution Avenue until July 2013, when conservators removed it for restoration. The sculpture returned to its original site in November 2014, and sits in the midst of a re-created reflecting pool.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Calder's original plan for the sculpture envisioned it surrounded by water jets, but architects and engineers of the site determined that the fountain would be challenging to maintain and the water spray would hasten deterioration of the metal.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Archives">Archives</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Museum_of_American_History&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Archives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In support of the museum's mission, the Archives Center identifies, acquires, and preserves significant archival records in many media and formats to document America's history and its diverse cultures. Center staff arrange, describe, preserve, and make collections accessible in support of scholarship, exhibitions, publications, and education. </p><p>The Archives Center occupies over 12,000 feet (3,700 m) of shelving in the National Museum of American History building. Subject strengths include the history of the radio, television, the telegraph, computing, and other aspects of the history of technology with a special interest in the history of invention; advertising, marketing, and entrepreneurship; commercial visual ephemera (postcards, greeting cards); American music (sheet music, jazz) and musical instruments. These, and a wide range of other subjects, are documented in business records, personal papers, and extensive holdings of motion picture film, video and sound recordings, historical photographs, and oral histories. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jerome_and_Dorothy_Lemelson_Center_for_the_Study_of_Invention_and_Innovation">Jerome and Dorothy Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Museum_of_American_History&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Jerome and Dorothy Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Lemelson Center, an initiative of the <a href="/wiki/Lemelson_Foundation" title="Lemelson Foundation">Lemelson Foundation</a>, produces educational programs, popular and academic publications, exhibitions, podcasts and symposia about invention. The mission of the Lemelson Center is to document, interpret and disseminate information about invention and innovation, encourage creativity in young people, and foster an appreciation for the central role of innovation in the history of the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>. The Center frequently provides a multi-year focus on some aspect of how invention has influenced American society, such as its 2002 "Invention and the Environment" theme. Programs include an annual symposium, presentations and guest speakers, and often the publication of a book highlighting a particular topic. </p><p>The Center provides free curricular material to classrooms throughout the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, organizes traveling museum exhibitions (such as <i>Invention at Play</i>), and provides research opportunities. It obtains archival collections related to invention for the museum's Archives Center. Such collections consist of the papers and materials that document the work of past and current American inventors. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Directors">Directors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Museum_of_American_History&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Directors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following individuals have served as the director of the NMAH. The museum was initially created on July 1, 1957, as the Museum of History and Technology within the United States National Museum; it became the National Museum of History and Technology in 1969 and the National Museum of American History in 1980.<sup id="cite_ref-SNAC_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SNAC-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Frank A. Taylor (April 16, 1958 – 1964)<sup id="cite_ref-SNAC_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SNAC-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Canfield_Ewers" class="mw-redirect" title="John Canfield Ewers">John Canfield Ewers</a> (1964–1965)<sup id="cite_ref-SNAC_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SNAC-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_P._Multhauf" title="Robert P. Multhauf">Robert P. Multhauf</a> (1966–1968)<sup id="cite_ref-SNAC_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SNAC-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_J._Boorstin" title="Daniel J. Boorstin">Daniel J. Boorstin</a> (1968–1973)<sup id="cite_ref-SNAC_17-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SNAC-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Brooke Hindle (1974–1978)<sup id="cite_ref-SNAC_17-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SNAC-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudia_Brush_Kidwell" title="Claudia Brush Kidwell">Claudia Brush Kidwell</a> (1979): <i>acting director</i><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_G._Kennedy" title="Roger G. Kennedy">Roger G. Kennedy</a> (1979–1992)<sup id="cite_ref-SNAC_17-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SNAC-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spencer_R._Crew&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spencer R. Crew (page does not exist)">Spencer R. Crew</a> (1992–1994): <i>acting director</i><sup id="cite_ref-SNAC_17-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SNAC-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Spencer R. Crew (1994–2001)<sup id="cite_ref-SNAC_17-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SNAC-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marc_J._Pachter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marc J. Pachter (page does not exist)">Marc J. Pachter</a> (2001–2002): <i>acting director</i><sup id="cite_ref-SNAC_17-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SNAC-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brent_D._Glass" class="mw-redirect" title="Brent D. Glass">Brent D. Glass</a> (October 2002 – August 2014)<sup id="cite_ref-SNAC_17-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SNAC-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Cohen_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cohen-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Marc J. Pachter (August 2014 – July 2015): <i>acting director</i><sup id="cite_ref-SNAC_17-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SNAC-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Cohen_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cohen-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Gray_(museum_administrator)" title="John Gray (museum administrator)">John Gray</a> (July 2015 – May 2018)<sup id="cite_ref-Cohen_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cohen-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthea_M._Hartig" title="Anthea M. Hartig">Anthea M. Hartig</a> (December 2018 – present)<sup id="cite_ref-post_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-post-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Past_exhibits">Past exhibits</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Museum_of_American_History&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Past exhibits"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Slavery at Jefferson's Monticello: Paradox of Liberty</i>, January 27 – October 14, 2012, Smithsonian Institution, a landmark exhibit, the first ever on the Mall to explore a president's relation to slavery; it focused on six major slave families at <a href="/wiki/Monticello" title="Monticello">Monticello</a>.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/24_Hours_in_Cyberspace" title="24 Hours in Cyberspace">24 Hours in Cyberspace</a></i> – opened on January 23, 1997, this exhibit celebrated "the largest one-day online event" (February 8, 1996) up to that date, which took place on the then-active website, <i>cyber24.com</i> (it is online at a <a href="/wiki/Mirror_website" class="mw-redirect" title="Mirror website">mirror website</a> maintained by <a href="/wiki/Georgia_Tech" title="Georgia Tech">Georgia Tech</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>24 Hours in Cyberspace</i> was headed by photographer <a href="/wiki/Rick_Smolan" title="Rick Smolan">Rick Smolan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The exhibit featured 70 photos from the project.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Treasures of American History</i>, temporary display at the <a href="/wiki/National_Air_and_Space_Museum" title="National Air and Space Museum">National Air and Space Museum</a>, closed in April 2008.</li> <li><i>A Nation of Nations</i> was the Smithsonian's <a href="/wiki/American_Bicentennial" class="mw-redirect" title="American Bicentennial">Bicentennial</a> salute to the American immigrant experience; it included many iconic rooms and examples of immigrants' contribution to the United States.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Museum_of_American_History&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span 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.reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Smithsonian Institution Newsdesk, retrieved January 10, 2024</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-map2-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-map2_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/resource/g3851f.ct004565/?r=0.371,0.367,0.444,0.211,0">"Public buildings in the metropolitan area of Washington, D.C."</a> <span class="cs1-format">(map)</span>. Washington, D.C.: <a href="/wiki/Federal_Works_Agency" title="Federal Works Agency">Federal Works Agency</a>: Public Buildings Administration: Office of the Buildings Manager. 1946. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/87694427">87694427</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1686895">1686895</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210312230044/https://www.loc.gov/resource/g3851f.ct004565/?r=0.371%2C0.367%2C0.444%2C0.211%2C0">Archived</a> from the original on March 12, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 24,</span> 2021</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Public+buildings+in+the+metropolitan+area+of+Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=Federal+Works+Agency%3A+Public+Buildings+Administration%3A+Office+of+the+Buildings+Manager&rft.date=1946&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1686895&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F87694427&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.loc.gov%2Fresource%2Fg3851f.ct004565%2F%3Fr%3D0.371%2C0.367%2C0.444%2C0.211%2C0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Museum+of+American+History" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npg.si.edu/object/siris_arc_310626">"Demolition of Temporary World War II Federal Buildings Prior to Museum of History and Technology Construction"</a>. <i>National Portrait Gallery</i>. June 23, 1958. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210910154429/https://www.npg.si.edu/object/siris_arc_310626">Archived</a> from the original on September 10, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 23,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Portrait+Gallery&rft.atitle=Demolition+of+Temporary+World+War+II+Federal+Buildings+Prior+to+Museum+of+History+and+Technology+Construction&rft.date=1958-06-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npg.si.edu%2Fobject%2Fsiris_arc_310626&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Museum+of+American+History" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-boehm-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-boehm_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoehm2012" class="citation news cs1">Boehm, Mike (May 9, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/arts/la-xpm-2012-may-09-la-et-smithsonian-gray-20120509-story.html">"John Gray to lead Smithsonian's National Museum of American History"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151121142449/http://articles.latimes.com/2012/may/09/entertainment/la-et-smithsonian-gray-20120509">Archived</a> from the original on November 21, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 27,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=John+Gray+to+lead+Smithsonian%27s+National+Museum+of+American+History&rft.date=2012-05-09&rft.aulast=Boehm&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Fentertainment%2Farts%2Fla-xpm-2012-may-09-la-et-smithsonian-gray-20120509-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Museum+of+American+History" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-post-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-post_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-post_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcGlone2018" class="citation news cs1">McGlone, Peggy (December 13, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/museums/smithsonian-names-woman-to-top-post-at-american-history-museum/2018/12/13/31014ddc-fe56-11e8-862a-b6a6f3ce8199_story.html">"Smithsonian names woman to top post at American History Museum"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190129194828/https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/museums/smithsonian-names-woman-to-top-post-at-american-history-museum/2018/12/13/31014ddc-fe56-11e8-862a-b6a6f3ce8199_story.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 29, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 27,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Smithsonian+names+woman+to+top+post+at+American+History+Museum&rft.date=2018-12-13&rft.aulast=McGlone&rft.aufirst=Peggy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fentertainment%2Fmuseums%2Fsmithsonian-names-woman-to-top-post-at-american-history-museum%2F2018%2F12%2F13%2F31014ddc-fe56-11e8-862a-b6a6f3ce8199_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Museum+of+American+History" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kopper-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kopper_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKopper2009" class="citation journal cs1">Kopper, Philip (Winter 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.americanheritage.com/back-business">"Back in Business"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/American_Heritage_(magazine)" title="American Heritage (magazine)">American Heritage</a></i>. <b>58</b> (6). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190228191905/http://www.americanheritage.com/back-business">Archived</a> from the original on February 28, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 28,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Heritage&rft.atitle=Back+in+Business&rft.ssn=winter&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=6&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Kopper&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanheritage.com%2Fback-business&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Museum+of+American+History" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NMAH-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NMAH_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080807040524/http://americanhistory.si.edu/news/pressrelease.cfm?key=29&newskey=764">"National Museum of American History Will Open Nov. 21"</a> (Press release). National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution. July 30, 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanhistory.si.edu/news/pressrelease.cfm?key=29&newskey=764">the original</a> on August 7, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 27,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=National+Museum+of+American+History+Will+Open+Nov.+21&rft.pub=National+Museum+of+American+History%2C+Smithsonian+Institution&rft.date=2008-07-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanhistory.si.edu%2Fnews%2Fpressrelease.cfm%3Fkey%3D29%26newskey%3D764&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Museum+of+American+History" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRothstein2008" class="citation news cs1">Rothstein, Edward (November 20, 2008). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/21/arts/design/21hist.html?_r=2&scp=1&sq=american%20history%20museum&st=cse">"America's Attic, Ready for a Second Act"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180330211533/https://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/21/arts/design/21hist.html?_r=2&scp=1&sq=american%20history%20museum&st=cse">Archived</a> from the original on March 30, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 25,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=America%27s+Attic%2C+Ready+for+a+Second+Act&rft.date=2008-11-20&rft.aulast=Rothstein&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2008%2F11%2F21%2Farts%2Fdesign%2F21hist.html%3F_r%3D2%26scp%3D1%26sq%3Damerican%2520history%2520museum%26st%3Dcse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Museum+of+American+History" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/11/02/smithsonian-american-history_n_2064849.html">"Smithsonian National Museum Of American History West Wing Renovation Starts Soon"</a>. <i>Huffington Post</i>. November 2, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150323143704/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/11/02/smithsonian-american-history_n_2064849.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 23, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 20,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Huffington+Post&rft.atitle=Smithsonian+National+Museum+Of+American+History+West+Wing+Renovation+Starts+Soon&rft.date=2012-11-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2F2012%2F11%2F02%2Fsmithsonian-american-history_n_2064849.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Museum+of+American+History" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wtop.com/41/3699226/Major-renovations-to-Museum-of-American-History-underway">"Major renovations to Museum of American History underway"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/WTOP-FM" title="WTOP-FM">WTOP</a></i>. September 10, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141028195120/http://www.wtop.com/41/3699226/Major-renovations-to-Museum-of-American-History-underway">Archived</a> from the original on October 28, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 20,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WTOP&rft.atitle=Major+renovations+to+Museum+of+American+History+underway&rft.date=2014-09-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wtop.com%2F41%2F3699226%2FMajor-renovations-to-Museum-of-American-History-underway&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Museum+of+American+History" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanhistory.si.edu/press/releases/national-museum-american-history-innovates-west-exhibition-wing">"National Museum of American History Innovates with West Exhibition Wing"</a> (Press release). National Museum of American History. September 10, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141003204505/http://americanhistory.si.edu/press/releases/national-museum-american-history-innovates-west-exhibition-wing">Archived</a> from the original on October 3, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 20,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=National+Museum+of+American+History+Innovates+with+West+Exhibition+Wing&rft.pub=National+Museum+of+American+History&rft.date=2014-09-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanhistory.si.edu%2Fpress%2Freleases%2Fnational-museum-american-history-innovates-west-exhibition-wing&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Museum+of+American+History" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://americanhistory.si.edu/exhibitions/within-these-walls">"Within These Walls"</a>. <i>National Museum of American History</i>. March 16, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210609080844/https://americanhistory.si.edu/exhibitions/within-these-walls">Archived</a> from the original on June 9, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 9,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Museum+of+American+History&rft.atitle=Within+These+Walls&rft.date=2012-03-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Famericanhistory.si.edu%2Fexhibitions%2Fwithin-these-walls&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Museum+of+American+History" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://americanhistory.si.edu/explore/exhibitions/entertainment-nation">"Entertainment Nation"</a>. National Museum of American History<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Entertainment+Nation&rft.pub=National+Museum+of+American+History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Famericanhistory.si.edu%2Fexplore%2Fexhibitions%2Fentertainment-nation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Museum+of+American+History" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nytimes-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nytimes_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHevesi2011" class="citation news cs1">Hevesi, Dennis (February 20, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/21/arts/design/21gussow.html?_r=1&ref=obituaries">"Roy Gussow, Abstract Sculptor, Dies at 92"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140325092927/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/21/arts/design/21gussow.html?_r=1&ref=obituaries">Archived</a> from the original on March 25, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 6,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Roy+Gussow%2C+Abstract+Sculptor%2C+Dies+at+92&rft.date=2011-02-20&rft.aulast=Hevesi&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2011%2F02%2F21%2Farts%2Fdesign%2F21gussow.html%3F_r%3D1%26ref%3Dobituaries&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Museum+of+American+History" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGelles2014" class="citation journal cs1">Gelles, Auni (November 4, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanhistory.si.edu/blog/monument-modernity-conserving-alexander-calders-gwenfritz">"A monument to modernity: Conserving Alexander Calder's "Gwenfritz"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Oh Say Can You See?</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190228130333/http://americanhistory.si.edu/blog/monument-modernity-conserving-alexander-calders-gwenfritz">Archived</a> from the original on February 28, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 27,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oh+Say+Can+You+See%3F&rft.atitle=A+monument+to+modernity%3A+Conserving+Alexander+Calder%27s+%22Gwenfritz%22&rft.date=2014-11-04&rft.aulast=Gelles&rft.aufirst=Auni&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanhistory.si.edu%2Fblog%2Fmonument-modernity-conserving-alexander-calders-gwenfritz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Museum+of+American+History" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJeff2014" class="citation journal cs1">Jeff (October 31, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://americanart.si.edu/blog-post/481/conservation-of-alexander-calders-gwenfritz">"Conservation of Alexander Calder's Gwenfritz"</a>. <i>Smithsonian American Art Museum</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190228130312/https://americanart.si.edu/blog-post/481/conservation-of-alexander-calders-gwenfritz">Archived</a> from the original on February 28, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 28,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Smithsonian+American+Art+Museum&rft.atitle=Conservation+of+Alexander+Calder%27s+Gwenfritz&rft.date=2014-10-31&rft.au=Jeff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Famericanart.si.edu%2Fblog-post%2F481%2Fconservation-of-alexander-calders-gwenfritz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Museum+of+American+History" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SNAC-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SNAC_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SNAC_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SNAC_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SNAC_17-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SNAC_17-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SNAC_17-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SNAC_17-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SNAC_17-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SNAC_17-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SNAC_17-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SNAC_17-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SNAC_17-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://socialarchive.iath.virginia.edu/ark:/99166/w64g7qc5">National Museum of American History (U.S.). Office of the Director</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150630215313/http://socialarchive.iath.virginia.edu/ark:/99166/w64g7qc5">Archived</a> June 30, 2015, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Social Networks and Archival Context, University of Virginia.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Annual Report of the Smithsonian Institution for the year 1979, p. 206 for Kidwell's announcement as Acting Director. Note: There were several acting directors before her, including Otto Mayr as acting director for 2 ½ years prior to her appointment.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanhistory.si.edu/press/releases/roger-kennedy-former-museum-director-receives-smithsonian%E2%80%99s-henry-medal">Roger Kennedy, Former Museum Director, Receives Smithsonian's Henry Medal</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150630114157/http://americanhistory.si.edu/press/releases/roger-kennedy-former-museum-director-receives-smithsonian%E2%80%99s-henry-medal">Archived</a> June 30, 2015, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, NMAH, Smithsonian Institution (May 4, 2011).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cohen-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cohen_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cohen_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cohen_20-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Cohen, Patricia, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/05/08/national-museum-of-american-history-gets-a-new-director/">National Museum of American History Gets a New Director</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150402045143/http://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/05/08/national-museum-of-american-history-gets-a-new-director/">Archived</a> April 2, 2015, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>The New York Times</i> (May 8, 2012).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsdesk.si.edu/releases/brent-glass-director-national-museum-american-history-announces-retirement">Brent Glass, Director of the National Museum of American History, Announces Retirement</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150630112750/http://newsdesk.si.edu/releases/brent-glass-director-national-museum-american-history-announces-retirement">Archived</a> June 30, 2015, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Smithsonian Institution (June 30, 2011).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://undertow.arch.gatech.edu/homepages/virtualopera/cyber24/SITE/htm3/site.htm">Mirror of Official site map</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090221023658/http://undertow.arch.gatech.edu/homepages/virtualopera/cyber24/SITE/htm3/site.htm">Archived</a> February 21, 2009, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://undertow.arch.gatech.edu/homepages/virtualopera/cyber24/SITE/htm3/toc.htm?new">Mirror of Official Site</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081222030955/http://undertow.arch.gatech.edu/homepages/virtualopera/cyber24/SITE/htm3/toc.htm?new">Archived</a> December 22, 2008, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.baychi.org/calendar/19970909/">"Tuesday, September 9, 1997: Monthly Program (BayCHI)"</a>. <i>Bay CHI</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071218023828/http://www.baychi.org/calendar/19970909/">Archived</a> from the original on December 18, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 21,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bay+CHI&rft.atitle=Tuesday%2C+September+9%2C+1997%3A+Monthly+Program+%28BayCHI%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.baychi.org%2Fcalendar%2F19970909%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Museum+of+American+History" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.southcoasttoday.com/daily/02-97/02-22-97/b02li072.htm">"Archive – southcoasttoday.com – New Bedford, MA"</a>. <i>South Coast Today</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100602100024/http://archive.southcoasttoday.com/daily/02-97/02-22-97/b02li072.htm">Archived</a> from the original on June 2, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 21,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=South+Coast+Today&rft.atitle=Archive+%E2%80%93+southcoasttoday.com+%E2%80%93+New+Bedford%2C+MA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.southcoasttoday.com%2Fdaily%2F02-97%2F02-22-97%2Fb02li072.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Museum+of+American+History" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Museum_of_American_History&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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title="Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute">Tropical Research</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cultural</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Asian_Pacific_American_Center" title="Smithsonian Asian Pacific American Center">Asian Pacific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Latino_Center" title="Smithsonian Latino Center">Latino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Center_for_Folklife_and_Cultural_Heritage" class="mw-redirect" title="Smithsonian Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage">Folklife and Cultural Heritage</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Folklife_Festival" title="Smithsonian Folklife Festival">Folklife Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Folkways" title="Smithsonian Folkways">Folkways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Global_Sound" class="mw-redirect" title="Smithsonian Global Sound">Global Sound</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Affiliations" title="Smithsonian Affiliations">Affiliations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._Dillon_Ripley_Center" title="S. 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Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts">John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson_International_Center_for_Scholars" title="Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars">Wilson Center</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/The_Wilson_Quarterly" title="The Wilson Quarterly">The Wilson Quarterly</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Police" class="mw-redirect" title="Smithsonian Police">Smithsonian Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._National_Tick_Collection" title="U.S. National Tick Collection">U.S. National Tick Collection</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link 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databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148584#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000404805762">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/127977835">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/554045/">FAST</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/2070676-5">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="National Museum of American History (U.S.)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81015980">United States</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12022538d">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12022538d">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00990434">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="National Museum of American History <Washington>"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/IEIV028898">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36241847">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="National Museum of American History (Spojené státy americké)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2003164417&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="National Museum of History and Technology"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2003164418&CON_LNG=ENG">2</a></span></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX141366">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90879814">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000219093&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9812630055405606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007265836105171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA0258740X?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500250889">ULAN</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1235436">Trove</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/028377907">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w69d0m97">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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