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National Zoological Park (United States) - Wikipedia

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Rubenstein Giant Panda Habitat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-David_M._Rubenstein_Giant_Panda_Habitat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asia_Trail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asia_Trail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Asia Trail</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asia_Trail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Elephant_Trails_and_greater_one_horned_rhino_habitat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Elephant_Trails_and_greater_one_horned_rhino_habitat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Elephant Trails and greater one horned rhino habitat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Elephant_Trails_and_greater_one_horned_rhino_habitat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lemur_Island" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lemur_Island"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Lemur Island</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lemur_Island-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Small_Mammal_House" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Small_Mammal_House"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>The Small Mammal House</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Small_Mammal_House-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-American_Trail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#American_Trail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>American Trail</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-American_Trail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Great_Ape_House" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Great_Ape_House"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>Great Ape House</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Great_Ape_House-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Think_Tank" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Think_Tank"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.8</span> <span>Think Tank</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Think_Tank-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gibbon_Ridge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gibbon_Ridge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.9</span> <span>Gibbon Ridge</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gibbon_Ridge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Great_Cats" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Great_Cats"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.10</span> <span>Great Cats</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Great_Cats-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Africa_Trail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Africa_Trail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.11</span> <span>Africa Trail</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Africa_Trail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Amazonia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Amazonia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.12</span> <span>Amazonia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Amazonia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Reptile_Discovery_Center" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Reptile_Discovery_Center"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.13</span> <span>The Reptile Discovery Center</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Reptile_Discovery_Center-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Bird_House" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Bird_House"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.14</span> <span>The Bird House</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Bird_House-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Claws_&amp;_Paws_Pathway" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Claws_&amp;_Paws_Pathway"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.15</span> <span>Claws &amp; Paws Pathway</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Claws_&amp;_Paws_Pathway-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Kids&#039;_Farm" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Kids&#039;_Farm"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.16</span> <span>The Kids' Farm</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Kids&#039;_Farm-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-American_Bison_Exhibit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#American_Bison_Exhibit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.17</span> <span>American Bison Exhibit</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-American_Bison_Exhibit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_animals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_animals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.18</span> <span>Other animals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_animals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_animals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_animals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notable animals</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_animals-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notable animals subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notable_animals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Smokey_Bear" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Smokey_Bear"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Smokey Bear</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Smokey_Bear-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ham" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ham"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Ham</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ham-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Giant_pandas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Giant_pandas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Giant pandas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Giant_pandas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Special_programs_and_events" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Special_programs_and_events"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Special programs and events</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Special_programs_and_events-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Friends_of_the_National_Zoo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Friends_of_the_National_Zoo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Friends of the National Zoo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Friends_of_the_National_Zoo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Smithsonian_Conservation_Biology_Institute" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Smithsonian_Conservation_Biology_Institute"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Smithsonian_Conservation_Biology_Institute-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Incidents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Incidents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Incidents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Incidents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">National Zoological Park (United States)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 25 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">25 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%82%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Смітсанаўскі Нацыянальны заалагічны парк – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Смітсанаўскі Нацыянальны заалагічны парк" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Zoological_Park" title="National Zoological Park – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="National Zoological Park" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park" title="Smithsonian National Zoological Park – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Smithsonian National Zoological Park" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park" title="Smithsonian National Zoological Park – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Smithsonian National Zoological Park" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parque_zool%C3%B3gico_nacional_Smithsoniano" title="Parque zoológico nacional Smithsoniano – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Parque zoológico nacional Smithsoniano" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Va%C5%9Dingtona_Besto%C4%9Dardeno" title="Vaŝingtona Bestoĝardeno – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Vaŝingtona Bestoĝardeno" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washingtoneko_zooa" title="Washingtoneko zooa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Washingtoneko zooa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86" title="پارک ملی جانورشناسی اسمیتسونین – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پارک ملی جانورشناسی اسمیتسونین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parc_zoologique_national_de_Washington" title="Parc zoologique national de Washington – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Parc zoologique national de Washington" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD_%EA%B5%AD%EB%A6%BD%EB%8F%99%EB%AC%BC%EC%9B%90" title="미국 국립동물원 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="미국 국립동물원" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taman_Zoologi_Nasional_Smithsonian" title="Taman Zoologi Nasional Smithsonian – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Taman Zoologi Nasional Smithsonian" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smithsonian-d%C3%BDragar%C3%B0urinn" title="Smithsonian-dýragarðurinn – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Smithsonian-dýragarðurinn" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park" title="Smithsonian National Zoological Park – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Smithsonian National Zoological Park" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%87_(%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A9_%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%81%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7)" title="جنينة الحيوانات الوطنيه (جنينة حيوانات فى امريكا) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جنينة الحيوانات الوطنيه (جنينة حيوانات فى امريكا)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park" title="Smithsonian National Zoological Park – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Smithsonian National Zoological Park" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Zoological_Park" title="National Zoological Park – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="National Zoological Park" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%AA%DA%BE%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86_%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%86%D9%84_%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%84_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9" title="سمتھسونین نیشنل زولوجیکل پارک – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سمتھسونین نیشنل زولوجیکل پارک" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park" title="Smithsonian National Zoological Park – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Smithsonian National Zoological Park" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park" title="Smithsonian National Zoological Park – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Smithsonian National Zoological Park" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Смитсоновский национальный зоологический парк – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Смитсоновский национальный зоологический парк" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park" title="Smithsonian National Zoological Park – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Smithsonian National Zoological Park" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Zoological_Park_(USA)" title="National Zoological Park (USA) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="National Zoological Park (USA)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Смітсонівський національний зоопарк – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Смітсонівський національний зоопарк" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%86%D9%84_%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%84_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9_(%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%92_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%DB%81)" title="نیشنل زولوجیکل پارک (ریاستہائے متحدہ) – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نیشنل زولوجیکل پارک (ریاستہائے متحدہ)" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9%E5%9B%AD_(%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD)" title="国家动物园 (美国) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="国家动物园 (美国)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;params=38_55_52_N_77_02_59_W_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°55′52″N</span> <span class="longitude">77°02′59″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.93111°N 77.04972°W</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">38.93111; -77.04972</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Zoo in Washington, D.C., and Front Royal, Virginia</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about National Zoological Park in the United States, owned by the Smithsonian Institution. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/National_Zoo_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="National Zoo (disambiguation)">National Zoo</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ededed;">National Zoological Park</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Washington_Zoo_entrance.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Washington_Zoo_entrance.jpg/300px-Washington_Zoo_entrance.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Washington_Zoo_entrance.jpg/450px-Washington_Zoo_entrance.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Washington_Zoo_entrance.jpg/600px-Washington_Zoo_entrance.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Front entrance</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="12" data-overlays="[&quot;_ed2a2b19327c6534bf46bc2fb13035a9d29fe89b&quot;]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,12,a,a,250x200.png?lang=en&amp;domain=en.wikipedia.org&amp;title=National_Zoological_Park_%28United_States%29&amp;groups=_ed2a2b19327c6534bf46bc2fb13035a9d29fe89b" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,12,a,a,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&amp;domain=en.wikipedia.org&amp;title=National_Zoological_Park_%28United_States%29&amp;groups=_ed2a2b19327c6534bf46bc2fb13035a9d29fe89b 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;params=38_55_52_N_77_02_59_W_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°55′52″N</span> <span class="longitude">77°02′59″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.93111°N 77.04972°W</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">38.93111; -77.04972</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date opened</th><td class="infobox-data">May&#160;6, 1889<span class="noprint">&#59;&#32;135 years ago</span><span style="display:none">&#160;(<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1889-05-06</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-ghosts_of_dc_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ghosts_of_dc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label">3001 <a href="/wiki/Connecticut_Avenue" title="Connecticut Avenue">Connecticut Ave.</a> NW,<br /><a href="/wiki/Rock_Creek_Park" title="Rock Creek Park">Rock Creek Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Land area</th><td class="infobox-data">Zoo: 163 acres (66&#160;ha)<sup id="cite_ref-zoo_about_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zoo_about-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Conservation_Biology_Institute" title="Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute">SCBI</a>: 3,200-acre (1,300&#160;ha)<sup id="cite_ref-crc_historical_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-crc_historical-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> of animals</th><td class="infobox-data">Zoo: 2,000<sup id="cite_ref-zoo_about_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zoo_about-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><br />SCBI: 30–40 endangered species<sup id="cite_ref-crc_historical_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-crc_historical-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> of species</th><td class="infobox-data">400<sup id="cite_ref-zoo_about_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zoo_about-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Annual visitors</th><td class="infobox-data">1.8&#160;million (2019)<sup id="cite_ref-Visitor_stats_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Visitor_stats-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Memberships</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Zoos_and_Aquariums" title="Association of Zoos and Aquariums">AZA</a><sup id="cite_ref-aza_list_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aza_list-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Major exhibits</th><td class="infobox-data">Amazonia, American Trail, Asia Trail, Bird House, Giant Panda Habitat, Great Ape House, Kids' Farm, Reptile Discovery Center, Small Mammal House, Think Tank</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Public transit access</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Washington_Metro" title="Washington Metro"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/WMATA_Metro_Logo.svg/15px-WMATA_Metro_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/WMATA_Metro_Logo.svg/23px-WMATA_Metro_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/WMATA_Metro_Logo.svg/30px-WMATA_Metro_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="655" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Washington_Metro" title="Washington Metro">Washington Metro</a> <br /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Red_Line_(Washington_Metro)" title="Red Line (Washington Metro)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/WMATA_Red.svg/15px-WMATA_Red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/WMATA_Red.svg/23px-WMATA_Red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/WMATA_Red.svg/30px-WMATA_Red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> at <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Park_station" title="Cleveland Park station">Cleveland Park</a> or <a href="/wiki/Woodley_Park_station" title="Woodley Park station">Woodley Park</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nationalzoo.si.edu">nationalzoo<wbr />.si<wbr />.edu</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>National Zoological Park</b>, commonly known as the <b>National Zoo</b>, is one of the oldest <a href="/wiki/Zoo" title="Zoo">zoos</a> in the United States. The zoo is part of the <a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Institution" title="Smithsonian Institution">Smithsonian Institution</a> and does not charge admission. Founded in 1889, its mission is to "provide engaging experiences with animals and create and share knowledge to save wildlife and habitats".<sup id="cite_ref-zoo_mission_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zoo_mission-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The National Zoo has two campuses. The first is a 163-acre (66&#160;ha) urban park located at <a href="/wiki/Rock_Creek_Park" title="Rock Creek Park">Rock Creek Park</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Woodley_Park_(Washington,_D.C.)" title="Woodley Park (Washington, D.C.)">Woodley Park</a> neighborhood of <a href="/wiki/Northwest,_Washington,_D.C." class="mw-redirect" title="Northwest, Washington, D.C.">Northwest</a> <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, 20 minutes from the National Mall by MetroRail.<sup id="cite_ref-zoo_getting_there_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zoo_getting_there-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The other campus is the 3,200-acre (1,300&#160;ha) <a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Conservation_Biology_Institute" title="Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute">Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute</a> (SCBI; formerly known as the Conservation and Research Center) in <a href="/wiki/Front_Royal,_Virginia" title="Front Royal, Virginia">Front Royal, Virginia</a>. On this land, there are 180 species of trees, 850 species of woody shrubs and herbaceous plants, 40 species of grasses, and 36 different species of bamboo.<sup id="cite_ref-nationalzoo.si.edu_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nationalzoo.si.edu-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The SCBI is a non-public facility devoted to training wildlife professionals in <a href="/wiki/Conservation_biology" title="Conservation biology">conservation biology</a> and to propagating rare species through natural means and assisted reproduction. The National Zoo is accredited by the <a href="/wiki/Association_of_Zoos_and_Aquariums" title="Association of Zoos and Aquariums">Association of Zoos and Aquariums</a> (AZA). </p><p>The two facilities host about 2,700 animals of 390 different species.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> About one-fifth of them are endangered or threatened. Most species are on exhibit at the Rock Creek Park campus.<sup id="cite_ref-zoo_animals_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zoo_animals-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The zoo is home to <a href="/wiki/Bird" title="Bird">birds</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hominidae" title="Hominidae">great apes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Big_cat" title="Big cat">big cats</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asian_elephant" title="Asian elephant">Asian elephants</a>, <a href="/wiki/Insect" title="Insect">insects</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amphibian" title="Amphibian">amphibians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reptile" title="Reptile">reptiles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aquatic_animal" title="Aquatic animal">aquatic animals</a>, small <a href="/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal">mammals</a> and many more, but the best-known residents are <a href="/wiki/Giant_panda" title="Giant panda">giant pandas</a>. The SCBI facility houses between 30 and 40 endangered species at any given time depending on research needs and recommendations from the zoo and the conservation community.<sup id="cite_ref-crc_historical_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-crc_historical-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The zoo was one of the first to establish a scientific research program.<sup id="cite_ref-nationalzoo.si.edu_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nationalzoo.si.edu-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Because it is a part of the Smithsonian Institution, the National Zoo receives federal appropriations for operating expenses. A new master plan for the park was introduced in 2008 to upgrade the park's exhibits and layout. </p><p>The National Zoo is open every day of the year except for December 25 (<a href="/wiki/Christmas_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Christmas Day">Christmas Day</a>), though it was closed for a long period during the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the United States">COVID-19 pandemic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The zoo reopened following this on May 21, 2021. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:View_at_the_National_Zoo,_Washington,_D.C._LCCN92513186.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/View_at_the_National_Zoo%2C_Washington%2C_D.C._LCCN92513186.jpg/220px-View_at_the_National_Zoo%2C_Washington%2C_D.C._LCCN92513186.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/View_at_the_National_Zoo%2C_Washington%2C_D.C._LCCN92513186.jpg/330px-View_at_the_National_Zoo%2C_Washington%2C_D.C._LCCN92513186.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/View_at_the_National_Zoo%2C_Washington%2C_D.C._LCCN92513186.jpg/440px-View_at_the_National_Zoo%2C_Washington%2C_D.C._LCCN92513186.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4096" data-file-height="3280" /></a><figcaption>View at the National Zoo, Washington, D.C., 1909</figcaption></figure> <p>The zoo first started as the National Museum's Department of Living Animals in 1886.<sup id="cite_ref-siarchives.si.edu_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-siarchives.si.edu-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> By an <a href="/wiki/Act_of_Congress" title="Act of Congress">act of Congress</a> on March 2, 1889,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> for "the advancement of science and the instruction and recreation of the people", the National Zoo was created. In 1890, it became a part of the Smithsonian Institution. Three well-known individuals drew up plans for the zoo: <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Langley" title="Samuel Langley">Samuel Langley</a>, third Secretary of the Smithsonian; <a href="/wiki/William_Temple_Hornaday" title="William Temple Hornaday">William Temple Hornaday</a>, noted conservationist and head of the Smithsonian's vertebrate division; and <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Law_Olmsted" title="Frederick Law Olmsted">Frederick Law Olmsted</a>, the premier landscape architect of his day. William T. Hornaday was the park's first director and curator of all 185 animals when the park was first opened and took office on May 6, 1889.<sup id="cite_ref-siarchives.si.edu_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-siarchives.si.edu-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Together, they designed a new zoo to exhibit animals for the public and to serve as a refuge for wildlife, such as bison and beaver, which were rapidly vanishing from North America.<sup id="cite_ref-zoo_history_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zoo_history-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Elephant_feeding_circa_1915_National_Zoo_Washington_DC.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Elephant being fed" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Elephant_feeding_circa_1915_National_Zoo_Washington_DC.jpg/220px-Elephant_feeding_circa_1915_National_Zoo_Washington_DC.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Elephant_feeding_circa_1915_National_Zoo_Washington_DC.jpg/330px-Elephant_feeding_circa_1915_National_Zoo_Washington_DC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Elephant_feeding_circa_1915_National_Zoo_Washington_DC.jpg/440px-Elephant_feeding_circa_1915_National_Zoo_Washington_DC.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3480" data-file-height="2254" /></a><figcaption>Elephant fed by a zoo attendant through the bars of a fence at the National Zoo in Washington, D.C., <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#8201;1915</span></figcaption></figure> <p>For the first 50 years, the National Zoo, like most zoos around the world, focused on exhibiting one or two representative exotic animal species. The number of many species in the wild began to decline drastically because of human activities. In 1899, the <a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">Kansas</a> frontiersman <a href="/wiki/Charles_%22Buffalo%22_Jones" title="Charles &quot;Buffalo&quot; Jones">Charles "Buffalo" Jones</a> captured a <a href="/wiki/Bighorn_sheep" title="Bighorn sheep">bighorn sheep</a> for the zoo.<sup id="cite_ref-msu_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-msu-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The fate of animals and plants became a pressing concern. Many of these species were favorite zoo animals, such as elephants and tigers; hence the staff began to concentrate on the long-term management and conservation of entire species.<sup id="cite_ref-zoo_history_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zoo_history-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Several exotic animals were donated by former US presidents; often they were acquired as gifts from foreign dignitaries. Notable among them are <a href="/wiki/Billy_(pygmy_hippo)" title="Billy (pygmy hippo)">Billy</a> the <a href="/wiki/Pygmy_hippopotamus" title="Pygmy hippopotamus">pygmy hippopotamus</a> who is the common ancestor to almost all pygmy hippos in American zoos<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Rebecca_(raccoon)" title="Rebecca (raccoon)">Rebecca</a> the <a href="/wiki/Raccoon" title="Raccoon">raccoon</a>, one of many exotic <a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_pets" title="United States presidential pets">presidential pets</a> of <a href="/wiki/Calvin_Coolidge" title="Calvin Coolidge">Calvin Coolidge</a> and First Lady <a href="/wiki/Grace_Coolidge" title="Grace Coolidge">Grace</a>. </p><p>In the mid-1950s, the zoo hired its first full-time permanent <a href="/wiki/Veterinarian" title="Veterinarian">veterinarian</a>, reflecting a priority placed on professional health care for the animals. In 1958, Friends of the National Zoo (FONZ) was founded. The citizen group's first accomplishment was to persuade Congress to fund the zoo's budget entirely through the Smithsonian; previously, the zoo's budget was divided between appropriations for the Smithsonian and the District of Columbia. Congressional funding placed the zoo on a firmer financial base, allowing for a period of growth and improvement. In 2006, Congress approved an additional $14.6 million for renovations in both facilities.<sup id="cite_ref-nationalzoo.si.edu_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nationalzoo.si.edu-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> FONZ incorporated as a nonprofit organization and turned its attention to developing education and volunteer programs, supporting these efforts from its operation of concessions at the zoo, and expanding community support for the zoo through a growing membership<sup id="cite_ref-zoo_history_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zoo_history-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> which annually raises between $4 million and $8 million for the zoo.<sup id="cite_ref-nationalzoo.si.edu_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nationalzoo.si.edu-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the early 1960s, the zoo turned its attention to breeding and studying threatened and endangered species. Although some zoo animals had been breeding and raising young, it was not understood why some species did so successfully while others did not. In 1965, the zoo created the zoological research division to study the reproduction, behavior, and ecology of zoo species, and to learn how best to meet the needs of the animals.<sup id="cite_ref-zoo_history_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zoo_history-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Ivy A. Pelzman Memorial Glockenspiel, constructed by the Petit &amp; Fritsen bell foundry, is a 38-foot-tall clock tower standing at the zoo's southeastern entrance consisting of a carillon of 35 bells, four moving figurines of animals, and a 4-faced clock that was dedicated on May 16, 1976. It was designed and donated by the late Dr. Ivy A. Pelzman (1890-1970) as a memorial in honor of his wife Katherine. The glockenspiel's steam-engine powered rotating display of animals malfunctioned a few years after the glockenspiel's installation due to the steam engine becoming Inoperable. A few years later, the glockenspiel was relocated on the zoo grounds from Connecticut Avenue entrance to the southeastern entrance. The glockenspiel's bells became inoperable in 2003 due to a mechanical malfunction with the carillon keyboard console. The Smithsonian lists the glockenspiel as an "attractive, but dysfunctional gift," and it requires expensive funds for restoration and maintenance. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Photograph_of_Tours_and_Classes_at_the_National_Zoo_-_NARA_-_36213488.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Photograph_of_Tours_and_Classes_at_the_National_Zoo_-_NARA_-_36213488.jpg/220px-Photograph_of_Tours_and_Classes_at_the_National_Zoo_-_NARA_-_36213488.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Photograph_of_Tours_and_Classes_at_the_National_Zoo_-_NARA_-_36213488.jpg/330px-Photograph_of_Tours_and_Classes_at_the_National_Zoo_-_NARA_-_36213488.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Photograph_of_Tours_and_Classes_at_the_National_Zoo_-_NARA_-_36213488.jpg/440px-Photograph_of_Tours_and_Classes_at_the_National_Zoo_-_NARA_-_36213488.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2824" data-file-height="1962" /></a><figcaption>Tours and classes at the zoo, 1979</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1975, the zoo established the Conservation and Research Center (CRC). In 2010, the complex was renamed the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute (SCBI), a title also used as an umbrella term for the scientific endeavors that take place on both campuses. On 3,200 acres (13&#160;km<sup>2</sup>) in the Virginia countryside, rare species, such as <a href="/wiki/Mongolian_wild_horse" class="mw-redirect" title="Mongolian wild horse">Mongolian wild horses</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scimitar-horned_oryx" class="mw-redirect" title="Scimitar-horned oryx">scimitar-horned oryx</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maned_wolf" title="Maned wolf">maned wolves</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crane_(bird)" title="Crane (bird)">cranes</a>, and others live and breed in spacious surroundings. SCBI's modern efforts emphasize reproductive physiology, analysis of habitat and species relationships, genetics, husbandry and the training of conservation scientists.<sup id="cite_ref-zoo_history_17-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zoo_history-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2006, the zoo's last <a href="/wiki/Giraffe" title="Giraffe">giraffe</a>, Randale, was transferred to the <a href="/wiki/ZooTampa_at_Lowry_Park" title="ZooTampa at Lowry Park">Lowry Park Zoo</a> and in September 2009, the zoo's last <a href="/wiki/Hippopotamus" title="Hippopotamus">hippopotamus</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Happy_(hippopotamus)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Happy (hippopotamus) (page does not exist)">Happy</a>, was transferred to the <a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_County_Zoo" title="Milwaukee County Zoo">Milwaukee County Zoo</a> to make space for Elephant Trails.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the United States">COVID-19 pandemic</a> during 2020–21, the zoo was closed for several months as a precautionary effort.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_status">Modern status</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Modern status"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zoo_Waterfall_-_HDR_(15877310895).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Zoo_Waterfall_-_HDR_%2815877310895%29.jpg/170px-Zoo_Waterfall_-_HDR_%2815877310895%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Zoo_Waterfall_-_HDR_%2815877310895%29.jpg/255px-Zoo_Waterfall_-_HDR_%2815877310895%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Zoo_Waterfall_-_HDR_%2815877310895%29.jpg/340px-Zoo_Waterfall_-_HDR_%2815877310895%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1800" /></a><figcaption>A waterfall in the zoo.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DCZooOline.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="orangutans crossing lines between towers, high above a promenade" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/DCZooOline.JPG/170px-DCZooOline.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/DCZooOline.JPG/255px-DCZooOline.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/DCZooOline.JPG/340px-DCZooOline.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Two orangutans crossing over visitors via the "O Line"</figcaption></figure> <p>Expanding knowledge about the needs of zoo animals and commitment to their well-being has changed the look of the National Zoo. Today, animals live in natural groupings rather than individually. Rare and endangered species, such as <a href="/wiki/Golden_lion_tamarin" title="Golden lion tamarin">golden lion tamarins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sumatran_tiger" title="Sumatran tiger">Sumatran tigers</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sarus_crane" title="Sarus crane">sarus cranes</a>, breed and raise their young – showing the success of the zoo's conservation and research programs.<sup id="cite_ref-zoo_history_17-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zoo_history-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The zoo's research team studies animals both in the wild and at the zoo. Its research encompasses reproductive biology, conservation biology, biodiversity monitoring, veterinary medicine, nutrition, behavior, ecology, and bird migration.<sup id="cite_ref-nationalzoo.si.edu_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nationalzoo.si.edu-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The National Zoo has developed public-education programs to help students, teachers and families explore the intricacies of the animal world. The zoo also designed specialized programs to train wildlife professionals from around the world and to form a network to provide crucial support for international conservation. The National Zoo is at the forefront of the use of web technology and programming to expand its programs to an international virtual audience.<sup id="cite_ref-zoo_history_17-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zoo_history-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Plans for the future include modernizing the zoo's aging facilities and expanding its education, research and conservation efforts in Washington, Virginia and in the wild. As part of a 10-year renewal program, Asia Trail – a series of habitats for seven Asian species including <a href="/wiki/Sloth_bear" title="Sloth bear">sloth bears</a>, <a href="/wiki/Red_panda" title="Red panda">red pandas</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Clouded_leopard" title="Clouded leopard">clouded leopards</a> – was created. Kids' Farm exhibit, opened in 2004, was slated for closure in 2011 but is to remain open for another 10 years following a donation to the exhibit.<sup id="cite_ref-zoo_history_17-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zoo_history-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Pandas2020_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pandas2020-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Elephant Trails, opened in 2013, provides a new home for the zoo's Asian elephants. </p><p>The zoo, which is supported by tax revenues and open to everyone, attracts 2 million visitors per year, according to <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i> in 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The National Zoo has a Federal Law Enforcement Agency deployed on its grounds: the <a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Police" class="mw-redirect" title="Smithsonian Police">National Zoological Park Police</a> (NZPP), which consists of full-time Law Enforcement Officers. The NZPP is an agency that has been recognized by the United States Congress and is one of five original police agencies within the District of Columbia with full police powers. They work very closely with the Metropolitan Police Department, the United States Park Police, Department of State, Capital Police, Federal Bureau of Investigation, and the Department of Defense. The agency is considered the first line of defense in the event of any crisis.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dennis W. Kelly was named director of the zoo on February 15, 2010, overseeing both campuses. Kelly succeeded <a href="/wiki/John_Berry_(administrator)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Berry (administrator)">John Berry</a>, who was the National Zoo director for three years until February 2009, when he resigned to become the director of the U.S. Office of Personnel Management under the Obama Administration. Steven Monfort, the zoo's associate director for conservation and science, served as the acting director between February 2009 and February 2010. Kelly retired as the zoo's director in November 2017, and Steven Monfort was named acting director.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In November, 2021, Brandie Smith was appointed director. Smith is the second woman to serve as director in the zoo's 132-year history.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="National_Zoological_Park_Police">National Zoological Park Police</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: National Zoological Park Police"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:National_Zoological_Park_Police_(3018552390).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/National_Zoological_Park_Police_%283018552390%29.jpg/220px-National_Zoological_Park_Police_%283018552390%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/National_Zoological_Park_Police_%283018552390%29.jpg/330px-National_Zoological_Park_Police_%283018552390%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/National_Zoological_Park_Police_%283018552390%29.jpg/440px-National_Zoological_Park_Police_%283018552390%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="853" /></a><figcaption>The National Zoo maintains its own Police Department, which consists of 50 full-time and part-time officers</figcaption></figure> <p><b>US National Zoological Park Police officers</b> are specifically assigned to the National Zoo and the <a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Conservation_Biology_Institute" title="Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute">Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute</a> in <a href="/wiki/Front_Royal,_Virginia" title="Front Royal, Virginia">Front Royal, Virginia</a>. The National Zoological Park Police is one of the oldest police forces in the District of Columbia. According to the official National Zoo Website, the Zoological Police was one of the original five police agencies in D.C. created in 1889. The 163-acre (0.66&#160;km<sup>2</sup>) National Zoo is a Smithsonian facility in the District of Columbia and is staffed 24 hours a day by full-time US National Zoological Park police officers. </p><p>The National Zoo also maintains a 3,200-acre Research facility (Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute; SCBI) in Front Royal, Virginia; which is staffed by members of the National Zoological Park Police. NZPP officers are Federal law enforcement officers and carry full law enforcement jurisdiction within the District of Columbia and Virginia that work closely with the Metropolitan Police Department and the US Park Police, as well as other federal law enforcement agencies to include Virginia law enforcement authorities.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Exhibits">Exhibits</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Exhibits"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="David_M._Rubenstein_Giant_Panda_Habitat">David M. Rubenstein Giant Panda Habitat</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: David M. Rubenstein Giant Panda Habitat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Giant_Panda_2004-03-1.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Giant_Panda_2004-03-1.jpeg/220px-Giant_Panda_2004-03-1.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Giant_Panda_2004-03-1.jpeg/330px-Giant_Panda_2004-03-1.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Giant_Panda_2004-03-1.jpeg/440px-Giant_Panda_2004-03-1.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2049" /></a><figcaption>Tian Tian at the National Zoo</figcaption></figure> <p>The zoo's state-of-the-art giant panda habitat features three outdoor areas with <a href="/wiki/Animal_enrichment" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal enrichment">animal enrichment</a>, as well as an indoor area with a rocky outcrop, a waterfall, and viewing areas. The exhibit is designed to replicate the rocky, lush terrain of the pandas' natural habitat.<sup id="cite_ref-nationalzoo.si.edu_8-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nationalzoo.si.edu-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The habitat currently has 2 giant pandas named Bao Li and Qing Bao that arrived on October 15 2024, which will make their pubic debut on January 24th 2025, which they will replace <a href="/wiki/Mei_Xiang" title="Mei Xiang">Mei Xiang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tian_Tian_(male_giant_panda)" title="Tian Tian (male giant panda)">Tian Tian</a>, and their cub <a href="/wiki/Xiao_Qi_Ji" title="Xiao Qi Ji">Xiao Qi Ji</a> when they left for China in November 2023,<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> the habit was occupied by a pair consisting of Bao Li and Qing Bao .<sup id="cite_ref-bao_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bao-31"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> They are the focus of a research, conservation, and breeding program that aims to preserve the species. </p><p>Mei Xiang and Tian Tian, who were on loan from the China Wildlife Conservation Association, have successfully had four surviving cubs together, all by artificial insemination. The first was a male cub, named <a href="/wiki/Tai_Shan_(giant_panda)" title="Tai Shan (giant panda)">Tai Shan</a> in 2005. Tai Shan currently lives at the <a href="/wiki/Bifengxia_Panda_Base" title="Bifengxia Panda Base">Bifengxia Panda Base</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sichuan" title="Sichuan">Sichuan</a>, China, taking part in Bifengxia's breeding program. On September 16, 2012, Mei Xiang gave birth to another cub, but the cub died six days after its birth. On August 23, 2013, Mei Xiang gave birth to two cubs; one, a female named <a href="/wiki/Bao_Bao" title="Bao Bao">Bao Bao</a>, survived, while the other was stillborn.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Mei delivered two cubs in August 2015; one died a few days later.<sup id="cite_ref-Mei_births_Aug2015_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mei_births_Aug2015-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The surviving male was given the name <a href="/wiki/Bei_Bei" title="Bei Bei">Bei Bei</a> on September 25, 2015, and was on public exhibit in January 2016. Bei Bei traveled to China in November 2019. On August 21, 2020, at 6:35, Mei Xiang gave birth to a single male cub, and became the oldest giant panda to give birth in the US at 22 years old. On November 23, he was named Xiao Qi Ji by popular vote which translates to "Little Miracle" in English. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asia_Trail">Asia Trail</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: Asia Trail"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A group of Asia-themed exhibits opened in October 2006. Aside from displaying <a href="/wiki/Giant_panda" title="Giant panda">giant pandas</a>, the area displays <a href="/wiki/Sloth_bear" title="Sloth bear">sloth bears</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fishing_cat" title="Fishing cat">fishing cats</a>, <a href="/wiki/Red_panda" title="Red panda">red pandas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clouded_leopard" title="Clouded leopard">clouded leopards</a> and <a href="/wiki/Asian_small-clawed_otter" title="Asian small-clawed otter">Asian small-clawed otters</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Many species on the Asia Trail are listed as endangered. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Elephant_Trails_and_greater_one_horned_rhino_habitat">Elephant Trails and greater one horned rhino habitat</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: Elephant Trails and greater one horned rhino habitat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Asian_elephant_at_the_National_Zoo_-02-_(50855548156).png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="elephant in an enclosure" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Asian_elephant_at_the_National_Zoo_-02-_%2850855548156%29.png/220px-Asian_elephant_at_the_National_Zoo_-02-_%2850855548156%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Asian_elephant_at_the_National_Zoo_-02-_%2850855548156%29.png/330px-Asian_elephant_at_the_National_Zoo_-02-_%2850855548156%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Asian_elephant_at_the_National_Zoo_-02-_%2850855548156%29.png/440px-Asian_elephant_at_the_National_Zoo_-02-_%2850855548156%29.png 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2052" /></a><figcaption>Asian elephant at the National Zoo</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Indian_Rhinoceros_-_Buffalo_Zoo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Indian_Rhinoceros_-_Buffalo_Zoo.jpg/220px-Indian_Rhinoceros_-_Buffalo_Zoo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Indian_Rhinoceros_-_Buffalo_Zoo.jpg/330px-Indian_Rhinoceros_-_Buffalo_Zoo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Indian_Rhinoceros_-_Buffalo_Zoo.jpg/440px-Indian_Rhinoceros_-_Buffalo_Zoo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3369" data-file-height="2010" /></a><figcaption>image of a Greater one horned rhino</figcaption></figure> <p>In spring 2008, the National Zoo began construction on Elephant Trails, a new home for its <a href="/wiki/Asian_elephant" title="Asian elephant">Asian elephants</a>. The first part of the $52 million project opened in September 2010, expanding the zoo's former elephant area with a 5,700-square-foot (530&#160;m<sup>2</sup>) barn, two new yards (one with a pool), and a quarter-mile (400&#160;m) walkway through woods,<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> a total of 1.9 acres (0.77&#160;ha) of outdoor space, bringing the total size of Elephant Trails to 2 acres (0.81 ha).<sup id="cite_ref-elephant_trails_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-elephant_trails-36"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Elephant Trails and Greater One Horned Rhino habitat&#160;: A Campaign to Save Asian Elephants and Greater One horned Rhinos is a comprehensive breeding, education, and scientific research program. It is designed to help scientists care for elephants in zoos and save them in the wild. The Elephant House (built in 1937) was closed to the public from September 14, 2009, until late March 2013 for construction of the second phase of Elephant Trails. This includes the Elephant and Rhino Community Center, an indoor exhibit with many interpretive signs and graphics.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The six Asian elephants that live in Elephant Trails are one bull named Spike and five cows named Bozie, Swarna, Maharani, Trong Nhi, and Nhi Linh. The zoo announced it will get a Greater One Horned Rhinoceros in 2025, and it would be in or near the elephant habitat. It will be the first rhino at the zoo in many years. The Greater One Horned Rhino would share the same indoor habitat as the elephants. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lemur_Island">Lemur Island</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: Lemur Island"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Uncle_Beazley_-_Paint_job_-_Stierch.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="a Triceratops statue on outdoor display" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Uncle_Beazley_-_Paint_job_-_Stierch.jpg/220px-Uncle_Beazley_-_Paint_job_-_Stierch.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Uncle_Beazley_-_Paint_job_-_Stierch.jpg/330px-Uncle_Beazley_-_Paint_job_-_Stierch.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Uncle_Beazley_-_Paint_job_-_Stierch.jpg/440px-Uncle_Beazley_-_Paint_job_-_Stierch.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption><i>Uncle Beazley</i> near Lemur Island</figcaption></figure> <p>Lemur Island is a <a href="/wiki/Moat" title="Moat">moated</a> island that is home to a bachelor group of <a href="/wiki/Ring-tailed_lemur" title="Ring-tailed lemur">ring-tailed lemurs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Black-and-white_ruffed_lemur" title="Black-and-white ruffed lemur">black-and-white ruffed lemurs</a>. The island, formerly Monkey Island, use to held <a href="/wiki/Barbary_macaque" title="Barbary macaque">Barbary macaques</a> when it opened in 1983. </p><p>Near the island is <i><a href="/wiki/Uncle_Beazley" title="Uncle Beazley">Uncle Beazley</a></i>, a fiberglass <i><a href="/wiki/Triceratops" title="Triceratops">Triceratops</a></i> that <a href="/wiki/Louis_Paul_Jonas" title="Louis Paul Jonas">Louis Paul Jonas</a> created for the DinoLand pavilion at the <a href="/wiki/1964_New_York_World%27s_Fair" title="1964 New York World&#39;s Fair">1964 New York World's Fair</a>. The life-size statue, which had been located on the <a href="/wiki/National_Mall" title="National Mall">National Mall</a> near the <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Natural_History" title="National Museum of Natural History">National Museum of Natural History</a> until 1994, is named for a <a href="/wiki/Dinosaur" title="Dinosaur">dinosaur</a> in the 1956 children's book, <i>The Enormous Egg</i>, by <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Butterworth_(writer)" title="Oliver Butterworth (writer)">Oliver Butterworth</a> and in the book's 1968 television movie adaptation, in which the statue appeared.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Small_Mammal_House">The Small Mammal House</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section: The Small Mammal House"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dwarf_Mongoose.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="a small animal centered between rocks" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Dwarf_Mongoose.jpg/220px-Dwarf_Mongoose.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Dwarf_Mongoose.jpg/330px-Dwarf_Mongoose.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Dwarf_Mongoose.jpg/440px-Dwarf_Mongoose.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Dwarf mongoose at the National Zoo's Small Mammal House</figcaption></figure> <p>The majority of the zoo's smaller mammal species live in the Small Mammal House. The species on display include <a href="/wiki/Golden_lion_tamarin" title="Golden lion tamarin">golden lion tamarins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Golden-headed_lion_tamarin" title="Golden-headed lion tamarin">golden-headed lion tamarins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emperor_tamarin" title="Emperor tamarin">emperor tamarins</a>, <a href="/wiki/White-faced_saki" title="White-faced saki">pale-headed saki monkeys</a>, <a href="/wiki/Goeldi%27s_marmoset" title="Goeldi&#39;s marmoset">Goeldi's marmosets</a>, <a href="/wiki/Red_ruffed_lemur" title="Red ruffed lemur">red ruffed lemurs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lesser_hedgehog_tenrec" title="Lesser hedgehog tenrec">lesser hedgehog tenrecs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mohol_bushbaby" title="Mohol bushbaby">southern lesser galagos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Black-footed_ferret" title="Black-footed ferret">black-footed ferrets</a>, <a href="/wiki/Common_dwarf_mongoose" title="Common dwarf mongoose">dwarf mongooses</a>, <a href="/wiki/Long-tailed_chinchilla" title="Long-tailed chinchilla">long-tailed chinchillas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_porcupine" title="Brazilian porcupine">prehensile-tailed porcupines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Linnaeus%27s_two-toed_sloth" title="Linnaeus&#39;s two-toed sloth">two-toed sloths</a>, <a href="/wiki/Red-rumped_agouti" title="Red-rumped agouti">red-rumped agoutis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Woylie" title="Woylie">brush-tailed bettongs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northern_treeshrew" title="Northern treeshrew">northern treeshrews</a>, <a href="/wiki/Southern_three-banded_armadillo" title="Southern three-banded armadillo">La Plata three-banded armadillos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Screaming_hairy_armadillo" title="Screaming hairy armadillo">screaming hairy armadillos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sand_cat" title="Sand cat">sand cats</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fennec_fox" title="Fennec fox">fennec foxes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Meerkat" title="Meerkat">meerkats</a>, <a href="/wiki/Naked_mole-rat" title="Naked mole-rat">naked mole-rats</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rock_hyrax" title="Rock hyrax">rock hyraxes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Striped_skunk" title="Striped skunk">striped skunks</a> and several others.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>A sister pair of <a href="/wiki/White-nosed_coati" title="White-nosed coati">white-nosed coatis</a> are found behind the building. </p><p>Despite not being mammals, a pair of <a href="/wiki/Von_der_Decken%27s_hornbill" title="Von der Decken&#39;s hornbill">Von der Decken's hornbills</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Green_aracari" title="Green aracari">green aracari</a> can be found in the building. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="American_Trail">American Trail</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Edit section: American Trail"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The American Trail exhibit houses a variety of species found in North America. These include <a href="/wiki/California_sea_lion" title="California sea lion">California sea lions</a>, <a href="/wiki/American_white_pelican" title="American white pelican">American white pelicans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grey_seal" title="Grey seal">grey seals</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_American_beaver" title="North American beaver">North American beavers</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_American_river_otter" title="North American river otter">North American river otters</a>, <a href="/wiki/Red_wolf" title="Red wolf">red wolves</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bald_eagle" title="Bald eagle">bald eagles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Common_raven" title="Common raven">common ravens</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eastern_screech_owl" title="Eastern screech owl">eastern screech owls</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The exhibit also features a cafe called Seal Rock Cafe, which offers dishes crafted from local, seasonal, and sustainable ingredients. Menu items include <a href="/wiki/Best_Aquaculture_Practices" class="mw-redirect" title="Best Aquaculture Practices">Best Aquaculture Practices</a> (BAP) certified shrimp and <a href="/wiki/Marine_Stewardship_Council" title="Marine Stewardship Council">Marine Stewardship Council</a> (MSC) certified fish.<sup id="cite_ref-American_Trail_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-American_Trail-41"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Great_Ape_House">Great Ape House</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Edit section: Great Ape House"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:National_zoological_park,_Washington_DC,_USA_(4863334490).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/National_zoological_park%2C_Washington_DC%2C_USA_%284863334490%29.jpg/220px-National_zoological_park%2C_Washington_DC%2C_USA_%284863334490%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/National_zoological_park%2C_Washington_DC%2C_USA_%284863334490%29.jpg/330px-National_zoological_park%2C_Washington_DC%2C_USA_%284863334490%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/National_zoological_park%2C_Washington_DC%2C_USA_%284863334490%29.jpg/440px-National_zoological_park%2C_Washington_DC%2C_USA_%284863334490%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Gorilla" title="Gorilla">Gorillas</a> at the National Zoo</figcaption></figure> <p>The Great <a href="/wiki/Ape" title="Ape">Ape</a> House opened in 1981 and is separated into two sets of enclosures. One houses six <a href="/wiki/Western_lowland_gorilla" title="Western lowland gorilla">western lowland gorillas</a> (two males named Baraka Ya Mwelu and Moke; three females named Calaya, Mandara and Kibibi; and a female infant named Zahra, born in 2023). The other houses seven <a href="/wiki/Orangutan" title="Orangutan">orangutans</a> (three males named Kyle, Kiko and Redd; and four females named Batang, Lucy, Iris and Bonnie). The orangutans are allowed access to the Think Tank (see below) by traveling along the "O-Line", a series of high cables supported by metal towers that enable the orangutans to move between the two buildings. Kyle, Batang and Redd are <a href="/wiki/Bornean_orangutan" title="Bornean orangutan">Bornean orangutans</a> while Kiko, Lucy, Iris and Bonnie are all <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_orangutan" title="Hybrid orangutan">hybrid orangutans</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Think_Tank">Think Tank</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Edit section: Think Tank"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Think Tank is an area designed to educate visitors about how animals think and learn about their surroundings. Think Tank opened in 1995 and features several interactive displays that teach visitors how zoologists conduct their studies. The zoo's orangutans (which are sometimes used in keeper demonstrations) are allowed to move from the Great Ape House to Think Tank, and the building includes suitable enclosures for the <a href="/wiki/Ape" title="Ape">apes</a> should they choose to stay there. Other animals kept and studied in the Think Tank include <a href="/wiki/Caribbean_hermit_crab" title="Caribbean hermit crab">land hermit crabs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brown_rat" title="Brown rat">brown rats</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Allen%27s_swamp_monkey" title="Allen&#39;s swamp monkey">Allen's swamp monkeys</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gibbon_Ridge">Gibbon Ridge</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Edit section: Gibbon Ridge"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gibbon Ridge is an enclosure housing four <a href="/wiki/Siamang" title="Siamang">siamangs</a> (two males named Bradley and Guntur and two females named Ronnie and Adinda). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Great_Cats">Great Cats</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="Edit section: Great Cats"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Luke_and_his_sons_cuddling_in_the_heated_cave.webm/220px--Luke_and_his_sons_cuddling_in_the_heated_cave.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="39" data-mwtitle="Luke_and_his_sons_cuddling_in_the_heated_cave.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Luke_and_his_sons_cuddling_in_the_heated_cave.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1f/Luke_and_his_sons_cuddling_in_the_heated_cave.webm/Luke_and_his_sons_cuddling_in_the_heated_cave.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs=&quot;vp9, opus&quot;" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1f/Luke_and_his_sons_cuddling_in_the_heated_cave.webm/Luke_and_his_sons_cuddling_in_the_heated_cave.webm.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs=&quot;vp9, opus&quot;" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Luke_and_his_sons_cuddling_in_the_heated_cave.webm" type="video/webm; codecs=&quot;vp9, opus&quot;" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1f/Luke_and_his_sons_cuddling_in_the_heated_cave.webm/Luke_and_his_sons_cuddling_in_the_heated_cave.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1f/Luke_and_his_sons_cuddling_in_the_heated_cave.webm/Luke_and_his_sons_cuddling_in_the_heated_cave.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs=&quot;vp9, opus&quot;" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1f/Luke_and_his_sons_cuddling_in_the_heated_cave.webm/Luke_and_his_sons_cuddling_in_the_heated_cave.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs=&quot;vp9, opus&quot;" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1f/Luke_and_his_sons_cuddling_in_the_heated_cave.webm/Luke_and_his_sons_cuddling_in_the_heated_cave.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs=&quot;vp8, vorbis&quot;" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption>Video of lions in a heated cave at the zoo.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Great Cats exhibit opened in the mid 1970s and is separated into three enclosures with a <a href="/wiki/Moat" title="Moat">moat</a>. The zoo rotates three <a href="/wiki/Lion" title="Lion">lions</a> (two males named Shaka and Jumbe as well as a lionesses named Shera) and three <a href="/wiki/Tiger" title="Tiger">tigers</a> (a <a href="/wiki/Sumatran_tiger" title="Sumatran tiger">Sumatran tigress</a> named Damai and two <a href="/wiki/Siberian_tiger" title="Siberian tiger">Siberian tigers</a>, a male named Metis and a female named Nikita) between the three exhibits. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Africa_Trail">Africa Trail</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="Edit section: Africa Trail"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:National_Zoological_Park_The_Cheetah_Conservation_Station.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="cheetah atop a platform, facing camera" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/National_Zoological_Park_The_Cheetah_Conservation_Station.jpg/220px-National_Zoological_Park_The_Cheetah_Conservation_Station.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/National_Zoological_Park_The_Cheetah_Conservation_Station.jpg/330px-National_Zoological_Park_The_Cheetah_Conservation_Station.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/National_Zoological_Park_The_Cheetah_Conservation_Station.jpg/440px-National_Zoological_Park_The_Cheetah_Conservation_Station.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="427" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Cheetah" title="Cheetah">Cheetah</a> (<i>Acinonyx jubatus</i>) at the National Zoo.</figcaption></figure> <p>Formerly called the Cheetah Conservation Station, this outdoor exhibit is designed to mimic the African savanna, to educate visitors about <a href="/wiki/Cheetah" title="Cheetah">cheetahs</a>, and what is being done to preserve them in the wild. The area is currently closed for a multi-year renovation process, with a scheduled completion by the end of 2026.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Other animals on display in the area prior to the renovations include a <a href="/wiki/Hartmann%27s_mountain_zebra" title="Hartmann&#39;s mountain zebra">Hartmann's mountain zebra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Addax" title="Addax">addaxes</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Common_ostrich" title="Common ostrich">ostrich</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A9vy%27s_zebra" title="Grévy&#39;s zebra">Grévy's zebras</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maned_wolf" title="Maned wolf">maned wolves</a>, <a href="/wiki/R%C3%BCppell%27s_vulture" title="Rüppell&#39;s vulture">Rüppell’s griffon vultures</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sitatunga" title="Sitatunga">sitatungas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scimitar_oryx" title="Scimitar oryx">scimitar-horned oryx</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dama_gazelle" title="Dama gazelle">dama gazelles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Red_river_hog" title="Red river hog">red river hogs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abyssinian_ground_hornbill" title="Abyssinian ground hornbill">Abyssinian ground hornbills</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lesser_kudu" title="Lesser kudu">lesser kudu</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Amazonia">Amazonia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16" title="Edit section: Amazonia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Opened in 1992, this South America-themed walk-through exhibit contains animal and plant species native to the <a href="/wiki/Amazon_basin" title="Amazon basin">Amazon basin</a>. Animals on display include multiple species of <a href="/wiki/Potamotrygonidae" title="Potamotrygonidae">freshwater stingrays</a>, <a href="/wiki/Silver_arowana" title="Silver arowana">silver arowanas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yellow-spotted_river_turtle" title="Yellow-spotted river turtle">yellow-spotted river turtles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Red-footed_tortoise" title="Red-footed tortoise">red-footed tortoises</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arapaima_gigas" title="Arapaima gigas">arapaimas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tambaqui" title="Tambaqui">black pacus</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Linnaeus%27s_two-toed_sloth" title="Linnaeus&#39;s two-toed sloth">two-toed sloth</a>, green aracaris, <a href="/wiki/Roseate_spoonbill" title="Roseate spoonbill">roseate spoonbills</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hawk-headed_parrot" class="mw-redirect" title="Hawk-headed parrot">hawk-headed parrots</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guinea_pig" title="Guinea pig">guinea pigs</a> and many more. </p><p>The Amazonia Science Gallery is located on the lower level. Here visitors can learn about the zoo's efforts to protect species around the globe. Some of the species on display include <a href="/wiki/Panamanian_golden_frog" title="Panamanian golden frog">Panamanian golden frogs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Smooth-sided_toad" title="Smooth-sided toad">smooth-sided toads</a>, <a href="/wiki/Agalychnis_lemur" title="Agalychnis lemur">lemur leaf frogs</a>, <a href="/wiki/African_clawed_frog" title="African clawed frog">African clawed frogs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Typhlonectes_natans" title="Typhlonectes natans">aquatic caecilians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barred_tiger_salamander" title="Barred tiger salamander">barred tiger salamanders</a> and many species of <a href="/wiki/Poison_dart_frog" title="Poison dart frog">poison dart frogs</a>. Located within the science gallery is the Coral Lab. Many <a href="/wiki/Coral" title="Coral">corals</a> are on display along with <a href="/wiki/Clownfish" title="Clownfish">clownfish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sea_anemone" title="Sea anemone">sea anemones</a> and other species.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Electric Fishes Demonstration Lab features a five-foot-long <a href="/wiki/Electric_eel" title="Electric eel">electric eel</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hypopomidae" title="Hypopomidae">Bluntnose knifefish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sternarchorhynchus" title="Sternarchorhynchus">elephantnose knifefish</a> and <a href="/wiki/Black_ghost_knifefish" title="Black ghost knifefish">black ghost knifefish</a> are also featured. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Reptile_Discovery_Center">The Reptile Discovery Center</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=17" title="Edit section: The Reptile Discovery Center"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The zoo's reptile house opened in 1931 and exhibits seventy species of reptiles and amphibians. These include <a href="/wiki/Aldabra_giant_tortoise" title="Aldabra giant tortoise">Aldabra tortoises</a>, <a href="/wiki/Radiated_tortoise" title="Radiated tortoise">radiated tortoises</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spider_tortoise" title="Spider tortoise">spider tortoises</a>, <a href="/wiki/Home%27s_hinge-back_tortoise" title="Home&#39;s hinge-back tortoise">Home's hinge-back tortoises</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cuban_crocodile" title="Cuban crocodile">Cuban crocodiles</a>, a <a href="/wiki/False_gharial" title="False gharial">false gharial</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japanese_giant_salamander" title="Japanese giant salamander">Japanese giant salamanders</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eastern_indigo_snake" title="Eastern indigo snake">eastern indigo snakes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gila_monster" title="Gila monster">Gila monsters</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blue_iguana" title="Blue iguana">blue iguanas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eublepharis_angramainyu" title="Eublepharis angramainyu">Iranian fat-tailed geckos</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Green_anaconda" title="Green anaconda">green anaconda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Green_tree_python" title="Green tree python">green tree pythons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Timor_python" title="Timor python">Timor pythons</a>, <a href="/wiki/King_cobra" title="King cobra">king cobras</a>, <a href="/wiki/Agkistrodon_contortrix_mokasen" title="Agkistrodon contortrix mokasen">northern copperheads</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crotalus_lepidus_klauberi" title="Crotalus lepidus klauberi">banded rock rattlesnakes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hellbender" title="Hellbender">hellbenders</a>, <a href="/wiki/Red-backed_salamander" title="Red-backed salamander">eastern red-backed salamanders</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eurycea_longicauda" title="Eurycea longicauda">long-tailed salamanders</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alligator_snapping_turtle" title="Alligator snapping turtle">alligator snapping turtles</a> and many more. </p><p>Behind the building are exhibits for the <a href="/wiki/Komodo_dragon" title="Komodo dragon">Komodo dragon</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Chinese_alligator" title="Chinese alligator">Chinese alligators</a>. In the front of the building is an exhibit for an <a href="/wiki/American_alligator" title="American alligator">American alligator</a> named Wally.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Bird_House">The Bird House</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=18" title="Edit section: The Bird House"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:National_Zoo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/National_Zoo.jpg/220px-National_Zoo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/National_Zoo.jpg/330px-National_Zoo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/National_Zoo.jpg/440px-National_Zoo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/American_flamingo" title="American flamingo">American flamingos</a> (<i>Phoenicopterus ruber</i>) outside of The Bird House</figcaption></figure> <p>Opened in 1928, the zoo's Bird House focuses on the biological phenomenon of migration in the eastern hemisphere and features three distinct aviaries, each focusing on a different habitat that is crucial to the bird's annual migrations. The habitats include: Delaware Bay, a marsh environment that displays <a href="/wiki/Shorebird" class="mw-redirect" title="Shorebird">shorebirds</a> including <a href="/wiki/Red_knot" title="Red knot">red knots</a> and <a href="/wiki/Semipalmated_plover" title="Semipalmated plover">semipalmated plovers</a>, as well as cold-blooded species such as <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_horseshoe_crab" title="Atlantic horseshoe crab">horseshoe crabs</a> and native fish, Prairie Pothole, a wetlands environment that displays <a href="/wiki/Waterfowl" class="mw-redirect" title="Waterfowl">waterfowl</a> including <a href="/wiki/Canvasback" title="Canvasback">canvasbacks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Redhead_(duck)" class="mw-redirect" title="Redhead (duck)">redheads</a> and <a href="/wiki/American_avocet" title="American avocet">American avocets</a>, and Costa Rican Coffee Farm, a two-story tropical environment that displays <a href="/wiki/Bird_migration" title="Bird migration">migratory</a> <a href="/wiki/Songbirds" class="mw-redirect" title="Songbirds">songbirds</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_oriole" title="Baltimore oriole">Baltimore orioles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indigo_bunting" title="Indigo bunting">indigo buntings</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wood_thrush" title="Wood thrush">wood thrushes</a> as well as <a href="/wiki/Barred_parakeet" title="Barred parakeet">barred parakeets</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Exhibits surrounding the exterior of the Bird House hold <a href="/wiki/Kori_bustard" title="Kori bustard">kori bustards</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sandhill_crane" title="Sandhill crane">sandhill cranes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Whooping_crane" title="Whooping crane">whooping cranes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greater_rhea" title="Greater rhea">greater rheas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barred_owls" class="mw-redirect" title="Barred owls">barred owls</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bronze_turkey" title="Bronze turkey">bronze turkeys</a>, <a href="/wiki/Southern_cassowary" title="Southern cassowary">southern cassowaries</a>, <a href="/wiki/American_flamingo" title="American flamingo">American flamingos</a> and other larger birds. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Claws_&amp;_Paws_Pathway"><span id="Claws_.26_Paws_Pathway"></span>Claws &amp; Paws Pathway</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=19" title="Edit section: Claws &amp; Paws Pathway"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Claws &amp; Paws Pathway exhibit is the most recent exhibit added in the zoo. It is a small circular path that includes exhibits for <a href="/wiki/Binturong" title="Binturong">binturongs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bobcat" title="Bobcat">bobcats</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pallas%27s_cat" title="Pallas&#39;s cat">Pallas's cats</a> and a <a href="/wiki/North_American_porcupine" title="North American porcupine">North American porcupine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Kids'_Farm"><span id="The_Kids.27_Farm"></span>The Kids' Farm</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=20" title="Edit section: The Kids&#039; Farm"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Kids' Farm opened in 2004 and is aimed primarily at children and housing domesticated livestock. Animals kept in the Kids' Farm include <a href="/wiki/Alpaca" title="Alpaca">alpacas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chicken" title="Chicken">hens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Miniature_donkey" class="mw-redirect" title="Miniature donkey">miniature Mediterranean donkeys</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hereford_(cattle)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hereford (cattle)">Hereford</a> and <a href="/wiki/Holstein_cattle" class="mw-redirect" title="Holstein cattle">Holstein</a> cows, <a href="/wiki/Kunekune" title="Kunekune">Kunekune</a> pigs and <a href="/wiki/Nigerian_Dwarf" class="mw-redirect" title="Nigerian Dwarf">Nigerian Dwarf</a> goats. The exhibit also has a small pond containing <a href="/wiki/Koi" title="Koi">koi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Channel_catfish" title="Channel catfish">channel catfish</a>. In 2011, the zoo announced plans to close The Kids' Farm due to budgetary constraints. However, a $1.4 million donation from <a href="/wiki/State_Farm_Insurance" class="mw-redirect" title="State Farm Insurance">State Farm Insurance</a> allowed the exhibit to remain open.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="American_Bison_Exhibit">American Bison Exhibit</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=21" title="Edit section: American Bison Exhibit"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bison_at_the_zoo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="large bison facing right with head lowered" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Bison_at_the_zoo.jpg/220px-Bison_at_the_zoo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Bison_at_the_zoo.jpg/330px-Bison_at_the_zoo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Bison_at_the_zoo.jpg/440px-Bison_at_the_zoo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>An American bison at the National Zoo</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Conservation_of_American_bison" title="Conservation of American bison">Conservation of American bison</a></div> <p>The zoo opened a new <a href="/wiki/American_bison" title="American bison">American bison</a> exhibit on August 30, 2014, as part of their 125th-anniversary celebration. The exhibit features two female bison, named Lucy and Gally, that were transported to the zoo in 2020 from the <a href="/wiki/American_Prairie_(nature_reserve)" title="American Prairie (nature reserve)">American Prairie</a> in northeastern <a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bison_2_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bison_2-48"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_animals">Other animals</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=22" title="Edit section: Other animals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Other animals in the zoo's collection include <a href="/wiki/Spectacled_bear" title="Spectacled bear">spectacled bears</a> (near the Amazonia exhibit), <a href="/wiki/Black-tailed_prairie_dog" title="Black-tailed prairie dog">black-tailed prairie dogs</a> (near the Claws and Paws Pathway exhibit), <a href="/wiki/Przewalski%27s_horse" title="Przewalski&#39;s horse">Przewalski's horses</a> (near the Small Mammal House), <a href="/wiki/Patagonian_mara" title="Patagonian mara">Patagonian maras</a> (near the American Trail), and <a href="/wiki/Bennett%27s_wallaby" class="mw-redirect" title="Bennett&#39;s wallaby">Bennett's wallabies</a> (also near the Small Mammal House).<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=23" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 111.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 109.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lemur_variegatus_1zz.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Red ruffed lemur (Varecia rubra)"><img alt="Red ruffed lemur (Varecia rubra)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Lemur_variegatus_1zz.jpg/164px-Lemur_variegatus_1zz.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Lemur_variegatus_1zz.jpg/246px-Lemur_variegatus_1zz.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Lemur_variegatus_1zz.jpg/328px-Lemur_variegatus_1zz.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1141" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Red_ruffed_lemur" title="Red ruffed lemur">Red ruffed lemur</a> (<i>Varecia rubra</i>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 189.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 187.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Golden-lion-tamarin.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Golden lion tamarin (Leontopithecus rosalia)"><img alt="Golden lion tamarin (Leontopithecus rosalia)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Golden-lion-tamarin.JPG/281px-Golden-lion-tamarin.JPG" decoding="async" width="188" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Golden-lion-tamarin.JPG/421px-Golden-lion-tamarin.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Golden-lion-tamarin.JPG/561px-Golden-lion-tamarin.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1166" data-file-height="778" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Golden_lion_tamarin" title="Golden lion tamarin">Golden lion tamarin</a> (<i>Leontopithecus rosalia</i>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 158.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 156.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Komododragon2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A Komodo dragon at the zoo&#39;s Reptile Discovery Center"><img alt="A Komodo dragon at the zoo&#39;s Reptile Discovery Center" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Komododragon2.jpg/235px-Komododragon2.jpg" decoding="async" width="157" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Komododragon2.jpg/353px-Komododragon2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Komododragon2.jpg/469px-Komododragon2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1750" data-file-height="1395" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A <a href="/wiki/Komodo_dragon" title="Komodo dragon">Komodo dragon</a> at the zoo's Reptile Discovery Center</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 189.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 187.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lesser_kudus_(51336367265).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lesser kudus at the National Zoo"><img alt="Lesser kudus at the National Zoo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Lesser_kudus_%2851336367265%29.jpg/281px-Lesser_kudus_%2851336367265%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="188" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Lesser_kudus_%2851336367265%29.jpg/422px-Lesser_kudus_%2851336367265%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Lesser_kudus_%2851336367265%29.jpg/561px-Lesser_kudus_%2851336367265%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7963" data-file-height="5309" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Lesser_kudu" title="Lesser kudu">Lesser kudus</a> at the National Zoo</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 189.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 187.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SeaLionUnderwater.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A California sea lion underwater"><img alt="A California sea lion underwater" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/SeaLionUnderwater.jpg/281px-SeaLionUnderwater.jpg" decoding="async" width="188" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/SeaLionUnderwater.jpg/423px-SeaLionUnderwater.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/SeaLionUnderwater.jpg/563px-SeaLionUnderwater.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A California sea lion underwater</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 218.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 216.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pond_Sliders_at_Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park_in_Washington.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pond sliders on a tree log at the zoo"><img alt="Pond sliders on a tree log at the zoo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Pond_Sliders_at_Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park_in_Washington.jpg/325px-Pond_Sliders_at_Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park_in_Washington.jpg" decoding="async" width="217" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Pond_Sliders_at_Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park_in_Washington.jpg/489px-Pond_Sliders_at_Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park_in_Washington.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Pond_Sliders_at_Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park_in_Washington.jpg/650px-Pond_Sliders_at_Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park_in_Washington.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2760" data-file-height="1588" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Pond_slider" title="Pond slider">Pond sliders</a> on a tree log at the zoo</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 189.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 187.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chambered_Nautilus_at_the_Smithsonian_National_Zoo_(8678543390).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chambered nautilus (Nautilus pompilius) at the zoo&#39;s former Invertebrate Exhibit."><img alt="Chambered nautilus (Nautilus pompilius) at the zoo&#39;s former Invertebrate Exhibit." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chambered_Nautilus_at_the_Smithsonian_National_Zoo_%288678543390%29.jpg/281px-Chambered_Nautilus_at_the_Smithsonian_National_Zoo_%288678543390%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="188" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chambered_Nautilus_at_the_Smithsonian_National_Zoo_%288678543390%29.jpg/422px-Chambered_Nautilus_at_the_Smithsonian_National_Zoo_%288678543390%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Chambered_Nautilus_at_the_Smithsonian_National_Zoo_%288678543390%29.jpg/562px-Chambered_Nautilus_at_the_Smithsonian_National_Zoo_%288678543390%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4592" data-file-height="3056" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Chambered_nautilus" title="Chambered nautilus">Chambered nautilus</a> (<i>Nautilus pompilius</i>) at the zoo's former Invertebrate Exhibit.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 120px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 118px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Black-crowned_night_heron_-_Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park_(4856741214).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Black-crowned night heron (Nycticorax nycticorax)"><img alt="Black-crowned night heron (Nycticorax nycticorax)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Black-crowned_night_heron_-_Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park_%284856741214%29.jpg/177px-Black-crowned_night_heron_-_Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park_%284856741214%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="118" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Black-crowned_night_heron_-_Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park_%284856741214%29.jpg/266px-Black-crowned_night_heron_-_Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park_%284856741214%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Black-crowned_night_heron_-_Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park_%284856741214%29.jpg/354px-Black-crowned_night_heron_-_Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park_%284856741214%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2697" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Black-crowned_night_heron" title="Black-crowned night heron">Black-crowned night heron</a> (<i>Nycticorax nycticorax</i>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 189.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 187.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ramphastos_sulfuratus_-Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park,_Washington_DC,_USA_-head-8a.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Keel-billed toucan (Ramphastos sulfuratus)"><img alt="Keel-billed toucan (Ramphastos sulfuratus)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Ramphastos_sulfuratus_-Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park%2C_Washington_DC%2C_USA_-head-8a.jpg/281px-Ramphastos_sulfuratus_-Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park%2C_Washington_DC%2C_USA_-head-8a.jpg" decoding="async" width="188" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Ramphastos_sulfuratus_-Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park%2C_Washington_DC%2C_USA_-head-8a.jpg/422px-Ramphastos_sulfuratus_-Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park%2C_Washington_DC%2C_USA_-head-8a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Ramphastos_sulfuratus_-Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park%2C_Washington_DC%2C_USA_-head-8a.jpg/562px-Ramphastos_sulfuratus_-Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park%2C_Washington_DC%2C_USA_-head-8a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="533" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Keel-billed_toucan" title="Keel-billed toucan">Keel-billed toucan</a> (<i>Ramphastos sulfuratus</i>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 168px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 166px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park-elephant_house.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Inside the zoo&#39;s Elephant House before transformation into Elephant Community Center."><img alt="Inside the zoo&#39;s Elephant House before transformation into Elephant Community Center." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park-elephant_house.jpg/249px-Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park-elephant_house.jpg" decoding="async" width="166" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park-elephant_house.jpg/375px-Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park-elephant_house.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park-elephant_house.jpg/499px-Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park-elephant_house.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Inside the zoo's Elephant House before transformation into Elephant Community Center.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_animals">Notable animals</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=24" title="Edit section: Notable animals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Smokey_Bear">Smokey Bear</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=25" title="Edit section: Smokey Bear"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Smokey_Bear#Living_symbol" title="Smokey Bear">Smokey Bear §&#160;Living symbol</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SmokeyBear1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="bear reclined in pool" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/SmokeyBear1.jpg/220px-SmokeyBear1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/SmokeyBear1.jpg/330px-SmokeyBear1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/SmokeyBear1.jpg/440px-SmokeyBear1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="692" /></a><figcaption>Smokey Bear playing in his pool, sometime in the 1950s</figcaption></figure> <p>One of the most famous animals to have spent much of his life at the zoo was <a href="/wiki/Smokey_Bear#Living_symbol" title="Smokey Bear">Smokey Bear</a>, the "living symbol" of the cartoon icon created as part of a campaign to prevent <a href="/wiki/Forest_fire" class="mw-redirect" title="Forest fire">forest fires</a>. A <a href="/wiki/American_black_bear" title="American black bear">black bear</a> cub rescued from a fire, he lived at the zoo from 1950 until his death in 1976. During his time at the zoo, he had millions of visitors and an abundance of personal mail addressed to him – up to 13,000 letters a week – such that the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Post_Office_Department" title="United States Post Office Department">U.S. Post Office</a> designated a special zip code for correspondence addressed to him.<sup id="cite_ref-BP_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BP-50"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>During his time at the zoo, he was "married" to Goldie Bear, with the hope that one of his offspring would continue to hold the title of Smokey Bear. When the pair produced no offspring, an orphaned bear cub was added to their cage. It was named "Little Smokey", with the announcement that the bear couple had "adopted" the new cub. In 1975, an official ceremony was held to recognize the retirement of Smokey Bear and the new title of "Smokey Bear II" for Little Smokey.<sup id="cite_ref-BP_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BP-50"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Upon the death of the original Smokey Bear, <i>The Washington Post</i> printed an obituary, recognizing him as a "New Mexico native" who had resided in Washington, D.C., for many years, working for the government.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ham">Ham</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=26" title="Edit section: Ham"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Ham_(chimpanzee)" title="Ham (chimpanzee)">Ham (chimpanzee)</a></div> <p>Ham was the first <a href="/wiki/Great_ape" class="mw-redirect" title="Great ape">great ape</a> ever launched into space in 1961. The <a href="/wiki/Chimpanzee" title="Chimpanzee">chimpanzee</a> would later retire to the National Zoo in 1963, residing for 17 years as a lone chimp until he was transferred to the <a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_Zoo" title="North Carolina Zoo">North Carolina Zoo</a>, where he lived among other chimpanzees for the remaining years of his life, passing in 1983. <sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Giant_pandas">Giant pandas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=27" title="Edit section: Giant pandas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Panda_National_Zoo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="a panda feeding on shoots" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Panda_National_Zoo.jpg/220px-Panda_National_Zoo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Panda_National_Zoo.jpg/330px-Panda_National_Zoo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Panda_National_Zoo.jpg/440px-Panda_National_Zoo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="614" data-file-height="613" /></a><figcaption>Tai Shan at the National Zoo</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_1" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Female_panda_and_cub.webm/220px--Female_panda_and_cub.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="42" data-mwtitle="Female_panda_and_cub.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Female_panda_and_cub.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3b/Female_panda_and_cub.webm/Female_panda_and_cub.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs=&quot;vp9, opus&quot;" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3b/Female_panda_and_cub.webm/Female_panda_and_cub.webm.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs=&quot;vp9, opus&quot;" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3b/Female_panda_and_cub.webm/Female_panda_and_cub.webm.1080p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs=&quot;vp9, opus&quot;" data-transcodekey="1080p.vp9.webm" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/Female_panda_and_cub.webm" type="video/webm; codecs=&quot;vp8, vorbis&quot;" data-width="2276" data-height="1280" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3b/Female_panda_and_cub.webm/Female_panda_and_cub.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3b/Female_panda_and_cub.webm/Female_panda_and_cub.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs=&quot;vp9, opus&quot;" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3b/Female_panda_and_cub.webm/Female_panda_and_cub.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs=&quot;vp9, opus&quot;" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3b/Female_panda_and_cub.webm/Female_panda_and_cub.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs=&quot;vp8, vorbis&quot;" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption>Video of Mei Xiang (adult female) and Bei Bei (male cub)</figcaption></figure> <p>During President <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a>'s historic <a href="/wiki/1972_visit_by_Richard_Nixon_to_China" title="1972 visit by Richard Nixon to China">1972 visit to China</a>, the Chinese government donated two <a href="/wiki/Giant_panda" title="Giant panda">giant pandas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ling-Ling_and_Hsing-Hsing" title="Ling-Ling and Hsing-Hsing">Ling-Ling (female) and Hsing-Hsing (male)</a>, to the official United States delegation. First Lady <a href="/wiki/Pat_Nixon" title="Pat Nixon">Pat Nixon</a> donated the pandas to the zoo, where she welcomed them in an April 1972 ceremony. The first giant pandas in America, Ling-Ling and Hsing-Hsing were among the most popular animals at the zoo.<sup id="cite_ref-nixon_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nixon-53"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Ling-Ling died in 1992 and Hsing-Hsing in 1999. Although Ling-Ling and Hsing-Hsing had five cubs between 1983 and 1989, all died as infants.<sup id="cite_ref-discovery1_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-discovery1-54"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>A new pair of pandas, female <a href="/wiki/Mei_Xiang" title="Mei Xiang">Mei Xiang</a> ("Beautiful Fragrance") and male <a href="/wiki/Tian_Tian_(male_giant_panda)" title="Tian Tian (male giant panda)">Tian Tian</a> ("More and More"), arrived on loan from the Chinese government in late 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The zoo paid an estimated 10 million dollars for the 10-year loan. On July 9, 2005, a male panda cub was born at the zoo. It was the first surviving panda birth at the zoo and the product of <a href="/wiki/Artificial_insemination" title="Artificial insemination">artificial insemination</a> by the zoo's reproductive research team. The cub was named <a href="/wiki/Tai_Shan_(panda)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tai Shan (panda)">Tai Shan</a> ("<a href="/wiki/Mount_Tai" title="Mount Tai">Peaceful Mountain</a>") on October 17, 100 days after his birth; the panda went without a name for its first hundred days, in observance of a Chinese <a href="/wiki/Convention_(norm)" title="Convention (norm)">custom</a>. Tai Shan is property of the Chinese government and was scheduled to be sent to China after his second birthday, although that deadline was extended in 2007 by two years. Tai Shan left Washington, D.C., on February 4, 2010, and was taken to the Ya'an <a href="/wiki/Bifengxia_Panda_Base" title="Bifengxia Panda Base">Bifengxia Panda Base</a>, part of the Wolong nature reserve's panda conservation center. </p><p>On September 16, 2012, Mei Xiang gave birth to another cub, believed by zoo officials to have been a female, which died after about a week. Initial results from a <a href="/wiki/Necropsy" class="mw-redirect" title="Necropsy">necropsy</a> (animal autopsy) revealed the abnormal presence of fluid in the abdomen and also discoloration of the liver (hepatic) tissue of unknown etiology; the cub had managed to nurse before death because milk was found in its system. Zoo officials said that, while upsetting, they (and, by extension, the public) can hope to learn more about giant panda breeding, reproduction, and health as a result, and will work closely and cooperatively with their Chinese colleagues during the inquiry.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2011, Dennis Kelly, director of the National Zoo, and Zang Chunlin, secretary general of the China Wildlife Conservation Association, signed a new Giant Panda Cooperative Research and Breeding Agreement, extending the zoo's giant panda program for five more years, further cementing the two countries' commitment to the conservation of the species. The agreement, effective through December 5, 2015, stipulates that the zoo will conduct research in the areas of breeding and cub behavior. A new agreement was put in place December 7, 2015, and was in effect until December 7, 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In December 2020, the deal got extended until 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mei Xiang gave birth in August 2015 to two live cubs; the smaller one died a few days later (keepers had to care for it after Mei decided to focus on the larger cub). Sperm from both Tian Tian and another male giant panda based in a China preserve was used. It was determined on August 28, 2015,<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> that both cubs were male and sired by Tian Tian. The larger, surviving cub was named Bei Bei<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> ("precious treasure") on September 25, 2015. In celebration of a state visit, the name was selected by First Lady of the United States, Michelle Obama, and First Lady of the People's Republic of China, Peng Liyuan. </p><p>Bao Bao was healthy at that time, eating bamboo and special fruitsicle treats, having been separated from Mei at 18 months of age. She celebrated her second birthday in August 2015, shortly after the cubs were born. Her contract extended to August 2017. Bao Bao left the National Zoo on February 22, 2017, for the Dujiangyan base of the China Panda Conservation and Research Center.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 2020 shortly after the National Zoo closed due to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>, Mei Xiang was artificially inseminated using only frozen sperm to avoid too much close contact.<sup id="cite_ref-Khalil_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Khalil-62"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In August 2020, the National Zoo announced that Mei Xiang was pregnant. A few days after announcing that they had detected fetal tissue, the zoo tweeted a short video of an ultrasound showing a panda fetus. On August 21, Mei Xiang gave birth to a live male cub named <a href="/wiki/Xiao_Qi_Ji" title="Xiao Qi Ji">Xiao Qi Ji</a>, making her the oldest panda in the United States to give birth, at 22 years old.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-63"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> This meant the first success for this type of procedure.<sup id="cite_ref-Khalil_62-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Khalil-62"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>On November 8, 2023, Mei Xiang, Tian Tian, and Xiao Qi Ji left the zoo and were transported in a Boeing 777F aircraft to the <a href="/wiki/Chengdu_Research_Base_of_Giant_Panda_Breeding" title="Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding">Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding</a> in China, ending their 23 year era at the zoo.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>On May 29, 2024, the zoo announced the acquirement of male Bao Li and female Qing Bao from the Shenshuping Base and Dujiangyan Base in China respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The pair arrived at the zoo on October 15, 2024 following a 19-hour flight from China.<sup id="cite_ref-bao_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bao-31"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The Giant Pandas, Bao Li and Qing Bao will make their public debut on January 24th, 2025. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Special_programs_and_events">Special programs and events</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=28" title="Edit section: Special programs and events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The zoo holds annual fund raisers (ZooFari, Guppy Gala, and Boo at the Zoo) and free events (Sunset Serenades, Fiesta Musical). Proceeds support animal care, conservation science, education and sustainability at the National Zoo.<sup id="cite_ref-zoo_events_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zoo_events-68"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-zoo_activities_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zoo_activities-69"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Woo at the Zoo – A <a href="/wiki/Valentine%27s_Day" title="Valentine&#39;s Day">Valentine's Day</a> (February 14) talk by some of the zoo's animal experts discussing animal dating, mating, and reproductive habits. All proceeds benefit the zoo's animal care program.</li> <li>Earth Day: Party for the Planet – Celebrating <a href="/wiki/Earth_Day" title="Earth Day">Earth Day</a> at the National Zoo. Guests can learn simple daily actions they can take to enjoy a more environmentally friendly lifestyle.</li> <li>Easter Monday – <a href="/wiki/Easter_Monday" title="Easter Monday">Easter Monday</a> has been a Washington-area multicultural tradition for many years. There is a variety of family activities, entertainment and special opportunities to learn more about the animals. Admission is free, and this event traditionally welcomes thousands of area families. The celebration began in response to the inability of African Americans to participate in the annual <a href="/wiki/Egg_rolling#United_States" title="Egg rolling">Easter Egg Roll</a> held at the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a>, until the <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight Eisenhower</a> presidency.</li> <li>Zoofari – A casual evening of gourmet foods, fine wines, entertainment and dancing under the stars. Each year, thousands of attendees enjoy delicacies prepared by master chefs from 100 of the D.C. area's finest restaurants. All proceeds benefit the zoo's animal care program.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (July 2017)">clarification needed</span></a></i>&#93;</sup></li> <li>Brew at the Zoo – Guests can sample beer from a variety of <a href="/wiki/Microbreweries" class="mw-redirect" title="Microbreweries">microbreweries</a> at the zoo. All proceeds benefit the zoo's animal care program.</li> <li>ZooFiesta – The zoo celebrates <a href="/wiki/Hispanic_Heritage_Month" class="mw-redirect" title="Hispanic Heritage Month">Hispanic Heritage Month</a> with an annual fiesta at the National Zoo. Animal demonstrations, Hispanic and Latino music, costumed dancers, traditional crafts and Latin American foods are offered.</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:National_Zoological_Park_Zoolights.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="a walkway at night with trees colorfully lit" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/National_Zoological_Park_Zoolights.jpg/220px-National_Zoological_Park_Zoolights.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/National_Zoological_Park_Zoolights.jpg/330px-National_Zoological_Park_Zoolights.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/National_Zoological_Park_Zoolights.jpg/440px-National_Zoological_Park_Zoolights.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Zoolights event at the National Zoological Park in Washington, D.C.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Rock-N-Roar – An event featuring live music, food and drink, and viewings of lion and tiger enrichment.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="What is meant by &#39;enrichment&#39;? What is being viewed? (July 2017)">clarification needed</span></a></i>&#93;</sup></li> <li>Autumn Conservation Festival at Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute (SCBI) – Visitors can talk with scientists one-on-one and learn about their research, and the tools and technology they use to understand animals and their environments. Guests can get behind-the-scenes looks at some of the SCBI's endangered animals.</li> <li>Boo at the Zoo – Families with children ages 2 to 12 trick-or-treat at the zoo and receive special treats from more than 40 treat stations. There are animal encounters, keeper talks and festive decorations. All proceeds benefit the zoo's animal care program.</li> <li>Zoolights – The National Zoo's annual winter celebration. Guests can walk through the zoo when it is covered with thousands of sparkling environmentally-friendly lights and animated exhibits, attend special keeper talks and enjoy live entertainment.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Friends_of_the_National_Zoo">Friends of the National Zoo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=29" title="Edit section: Friends of the National Zoo"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Friends of the National Zoo (FONZ) was a non-profit organization working in partnership with the National Zoological Park providing support to wildlife conservation programs at the zoo and around the world since 1958. Starting with Park Operations (guest services, retail and more), Education/Volunteer Services, as well as Membership Services, every area of FONZ works to raise money for the zoo, with $5 Zoo Guidebooks, rentals, souvenir purchases and memberships, with each being a tax write off. FONZ memberships offer free parking, discounts at the zoo's stores and restaurants, ride tickets, and a subscription to the <i>Wild.Life.</i>, a magazine with the latest zoo news, research and photos.<sup id="cite_ref-fonz_fact_sheet_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fonz_fact_sheet-70"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-fonz_zoogoer_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fonz_zoogoer-71"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>FONZ has 60,000 members including about 30,000 families, largely in the Washington metropolitan area, and more than 1,000 volunteers. FONZ also offers weekend birthdays to members and seasonal day-camps through Education/Volunteer services, and a residential nature camp is offered at SCBI in Front Royal.<sup id="cite_ref-fonz_fact_sheet_70-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fonz_fact_sheet-70"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>On February 4, 2021, the National Zoo announced that it was ending its 63-year partnership with FONZ.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> After the partnership ended, FONZ was relaunched as Conservation Nation, which is smaller and remotely-operated. <sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Smithsonian_Conservation_Biology_Institute">Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=30" title="Edit section: Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Conservation_Biology_Institute" title="Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute">Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kim_Terrell_(SCBI),_Andy_Loudon_and_Dr._Reid_Harris_(James_Madison_University)_investigate_the_role_of_skin_microbes_and_immune_function_under_different_climate_scenarios_(8440042236).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Kim_Terrell_%28SCBI%29%2C_Andy_Loudon_and_Dr._Reid_Harris_%28James_Madison_University%29_investigate_the_role_of_skin_microbes_and_immune_function_under_different_climate_scenarios_%288440042236%29.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Kim_Terrell_%28SCBI%29%2C_Andy_Loudon_and_Dr._Reid_Harris_%28James_Madison_University%29_investigate_the_role_of_skin_microbes_and_immune_function_under_different_climate_scenarios_%288440042236%29.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Kim_Terrell_%28SCBI%29%2C_Andy_Loudon_and_Dr._Reid_Harris_%28James_Madison_University%29_investigate_the_role_of_skin_microbes_and_immune_function_under_different_climate_scenarios_%288440042236%29.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Kim Terrell (SCBI), Andy Loudon and Dr. Reid Harris (<a href="/wiki/James_Madison_University" title="James Madison University">James Madison University</a>) investigate the role of skin microbes and immune function under different climate scenarios</figcaption></figure> <p>The Smithsonian established its Conservation Biology Institute (SCBI) in 2010 to serve as an umbrella for its global effort to conserve species and train future generations of conservationists. Headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Front_Royal,_Virginia" title="Front Royal, Virginia">Front Royal, Virginia</a>, the facility was previously known as the National Zoo's Conservation and Research Center.<sup id="cite_ref-scbi_main_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scbi_main-74"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The SCBI facilitates and promotes research programs based at Front Royal, at the National Zoo in Washington and at field research and training sites around the world. Its efforts support one of the four main goals of the Smithsonian's new strategic plan, which advances "understanding and sustaining a biodiverse planet."<sup id="cite_ref-scbi_main_74-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scbi_main-74"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Conservation_biology" title="Conservation biology">Conservation biology</a> is a field of science based on the premise that the conservation of biological diversity is important and benefits current and future human societies.<sup id="cite_ref-scbi_main_74-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scbi_main-74"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Institute consists of six centers:<sup id="cite_ref-scbi_main_74-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scbi_main-74"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Conservation Ecology Center (CEC): focuses on recovering and sustaining at-risk wildlife species and their supporting ecosystems in key marine and terrestrial regions throughout the globe.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Migratory_Bird_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Migratory Bird Center">Migratory Bird Center</a>: studies neotropical songbirds and wetland birds, the role of disease in bird population declines, and the environmental challenges facing urban and suburban birds. They also train professionals in environmental coffee certification throughout Latin America.</li> <li>Center for Species Survival (CSS): researches issues in reproductive physiology, endocrinology, cryobiology, embryo biology, animal behavior, wildlife toxicology and assisted reproduction. They strive to create knowledge that ensures self-sustaining populations in zoos and in the wild.</li> <li>Center for Conservation and Evolutionary Genetics (CCEG): works to understand and conserve biodiversity through genetic research, specializing in the genetic management of wild and captive animal populations, non-invasive and ancient DNA analyses, systematics, disease diagnosis and dynamics, genetic services to the zoo community, and application of genetic methods to animal behavior and ecology.</li> <li>Center for Conservation Education and Sustainability (CBES): teaches conservation principles and practices, finding ways to help scientists, managers, companies and industries become more environmentally responsible.</li> <li>Center for Wildlife Health and Husbandry Sciences: provides for the mental and physical well-being of every animal at the zoo through the complex endeavor of animal care.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Incidents">Incidents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=31" title="Edit section: Incidents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>In March 1995, a homeless and mentally ill mother of three, Margaret Davis King, climbed into the lion's protected habitat and was discovered mauled to death early one Saturday morning.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>In 2002, the zoo's head veterinarian at the time, Dr. Suzan Murray, was accused of altering medical records.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Murray responded that the software used "was not designed as a legal document, but rather as a user-friendly way of maintaining and sharing important information."<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/American_Veterinary_Medical_Association" title="American Veterinary Medical Association">American Veterinary Medical Association</a> (AVMA) specifically states "Without the express permission of the practice owner, it is unethical for a veterinarian to remove, copy, or use the medical records or any part of any record."<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>In January 2003, <a href="/wiki/Red_pandas" class="mw-redirect" title="Red pandas">red pandas</a> died after eating <a href="/wiki/Rat_poison" class="mw-redirect" title="Rat poison">rat poison</a> that had been buried in their yard by a pest control contractor. The incident led the city of Washington, D.C., to seek to fine the zoo over its claim of federally granted <a href="/wiki/Sovereign_immunity_in_the_United_States" title="Sovereign immunity in the United States">immunity</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>In July 2003, a predator entered an exhibit and killed a bald eagle.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Zoo officials later stated that the animal was likely killed by a red fox.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>In 2005, a three-year-old <a href="/wiki/Sulawesi_macaque" class="mw-redirect" title="Sulawesi macaque">Sulawesi macaque</a> named Ripley died in the Think Tank exhibit when two keepers closed a hydraulic door without realizing the monkey was in the doorway.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>In January 2005, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_National_Academy_of_Sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="United States National Academy of Sciences">National Academy of Sciences</a> released its final report on a two-year investigation into animal care and management at the National Zoo. The committee found that most animals were well cared-for, and there was little to question regarding large mammal deaths from 1999 to 2003. Their evaluation suggested "that the publicized animal deaths were not indicative of a wider, undiscovered problem with animal care".<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The problems at the zoo, which culminated with Director Lucy Spelman's resignation, included facility and budget shortcomings, although the animal care problems were prominently highlighted. The zoo added a new head <a href="/wiki/Pathologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Pathologist">pathologist</a> and other veterinarians.<sup id="cite_ref-chief_quits_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chief_quits-85"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>In January 2006, the National Zoo euthanized an <a href="/wiki/Asian_elephant" title="Asian elephant">Asian elephant</a> named Toni. The elephant had been suffering from arthritis and poor body conditions. <a href="/wiki/Animal_rights_groups" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal rights groups">Animal rights groups</a> alleged that inadequate care led to her death.<sup id="cite_ref-wp20061223_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wp20061223-86"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>In December 2006, a <a href="/wiki/Clouded_leopard" title="Clouded leopard">clouded leopard</a> escaped from its exhibit at the Asia Trail due to faulty fencing. It was recaptured.<sup id="cite_ref-wp20061223_86-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wp20061223-86"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>During the night of May 3, 2022, a wild red fox from <a href="/wiki/Rock_Creek_Park" title="Rock Creek Park">Rock Creek Park</a> entered an enclosure through a baseball-sized hole and killed 25 <a href="/wiki/Flamingo" title="Flamingo">flamingos</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Northern_pintail" title="Northern pintail">Northern pintail</a> duck, and injured 3 other flamingos.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=32" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/64px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg/32px-Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg/48px-Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg/64px-Wapiti_from_Wagon_Trails.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2064" data-file-height="1413" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Animals" title="Portal:Animals">Animals portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Perry_Lions" class="mw-redirect" title="Perry Lions">Perry Lions</a> – the lion statues on the Taft Bridge</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisa_Marie_Stevens" title="Lisa Marie Stevens">Lisa Marie Stevens</a> – Managed the giant panda program from 1987 to 2011</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sara_Hallager" title="Sara Hallager">Sara Hallager</a> – Curator of birds</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=33" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ghosts_of_dc-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ghosts_of_dc_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ghostsofdc.org/2012/04/12/proposed-location-for-a-zoological-park-along-rock-creek/">"Proposed Location for a Zoological Park Along Rock Creek"</a>. <i>ghostsofdc.org</i>. Ghosts of D.C. April 12, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 25,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=ghostsofdc.org&amp;rft.atitle=Proposed+Location+for+a+Zoological+Park+Along+Rock+Creek&amp;rft.date=2012-04-12&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fghostsofdc.org%2F2012%2F04%2F12%2Fproposed-location-for-a-zoological-park-along-rock-creek%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-zoo_about-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-zoo_about_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-zoo_about_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-zoo_about_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nationalzoo.si.edu/AboutUs">"About Us"</a>. <i>nationalzoo.si.edu</i>. National Zoological Park<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 25,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=nationalzoo.si.edu&amp;rft.atitle=About+Us&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnationalzoo.si.edu%2FAboutUs&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-crc_historical-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-crc_historical_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-crc_historical_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-crc_historical_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070611215300/http://nationalzoo.si.edu/ConservationAndScience/CRC/default.cfm">"Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute"</a>. <i>nationalzoo.si.edu</i>. National Zoological Park. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nationalzoo.si.edu/ConservationAndScience/CRC/default.cfm">the original</a> on June 11, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 13,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=nationalzoo.si.edu&amp;rft.atitle=Smithsonian+Conservation+Biology+Institute&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnationalzoo.si.edu%2FConservationAndScience%2FCRC%2Fdefault.cfm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-aza_list-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-aza_list_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aza.org/current-accreditation-list">"Currently Accredited Zoos and Aquariums"</a>. <i>aza.org</i>. <a href="/wiki/Association_of_Zoos_and_Aquariums" title="Association of Zoos and Aquariums">AZA</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 25,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=aza.org&amp;rft.atitle=Currently+Accredited+Zoos+and+Aquariums&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aza.org%2Fcurrent-accreditation-list&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Visitor_stats-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Visitor_stats_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.si.edu/newsdesk/about/stats">"Visitor Stats"</a>. <i>Smithsonian Institution</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 29,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Smithsonian+Institution&amp;rft.atitle=Visitor+Stats&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.si.edu%2Fnewsdesk%2Fabout%2Fstats&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-zoo_mission-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-zoo_mission_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120526080658/http://nationalzoo.si.edu/AboutUs/Mission/">"Mission"</a>. <i>nationalzoo.si.edu</i>. National Zoological Park. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nationalzoo.si.edu/AboutUs/Mission">the original</a> on May 26, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 25,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=nationalzoo.si.edu&amp;rft.atitle=Mission&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnationalzoo.si.edu%2FAboutUs%2FMission&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-zoo_getting_there-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-zoo_getting_there_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120601195936/http://nationalzoo.si.edu/Visit/GettingToZoo/metro.cfm">"By MetroRail"</a>. <i>nationalzoo.si.edu</i>. National Zoological Park. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nationalzoo.si.edu/Visit/GettingToZoo/metro.cfm">the original</a> on June 1, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 25,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=nationalzoo.si.edu&amp;rft.atitle=By+MetroRail&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnationalzoo.si.edu%2FVisit%2FGettingToZoo%2Fmetro.cfm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nationalzoo.si.edu-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nationalzoo.si.edu_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nationalzoo.si.edu_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nationalzoo.si.edu_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nationalzoo.si.edu_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nationalzoo.si.edu_8-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nationalzoo.si.edu_8-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140820231633/http://nationalzoo.si.edu/Publications/PressMaterials/PressKit/FactsFigs.cfm">"National Zoo Facts and Figures"</a>. <i>si.edu</i>. 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On March 2, 1889, President Grover Cleveland signed a bill passed by Congress that officially established the National Zoo! American bison, our #NationalMammal, were among the 1st species in our care. This photo was taken at the @smithsonian b/t 1887 &amp; 1889.…"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a></i>. February 19, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 14,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Twitter&amp;rft.atitle=National+Zoo+on+Twitter%3A+%22Happy+%23PresidentsDay%21+On+March+2%2C+1889%2C+President+Grover+Cleveland+signed+a+bill+passed+by+Congress+that+officially+established+the+National+Zoo%21+American+bison%2C+our+%23NationalMammal%2C+were+among+the+1st+species+in+our+care.+This+photo+was+taken+at+the+%40smithsonian+b%2Ft+1887+%26+1889.%E2%80%A6&amp;rft.date=2018-02-19&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftwitter.com%2FNationalZoo%2Fstatus%2F965613241325023234&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/facebook/32235087901/10152236603572902">"On March 2, 1889, President Grover... – Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute – Facebook"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a></i>. March 2, 2014. Archived from <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.facebook.com/nationalzoo/posts/on-march-2-1889-president-grover-cleveland-signed-a-bill-passed-by-both-houses-t/10152236603572902/">the original</a></span> on February 26, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 14,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Facebook&amp;rft.atitle=On+March+2%2C+1889%2C+President+Grover...+%E2%80%93+Smithsonian%27s+National+Zoo+and+Conservation+Biology+Institute+%E2%80%93+Facebook&amp;rft.date=2014-03-02&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2Fnationalzoo%2Fposts%2Fon-march-2-1889-president-grover-cleveland-signed-a-bill-passed-by-both-houses-t%2F10152236603572902%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nationalzoo.si.edu/animals/exhibits/american-bison">"American Bison Exhibit – Smithsonian's National Zoo"</a>. <i>NationalZoo.si.edu</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 14,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=NationalZoo.si.edu&amp;rft.atitle=American+Bison+Exhibit+%E2%80%93+Smithsonian%27s+National+Zoo&amp;rft.date=2016-04-20&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnationalzoo.si.edu%2Fanimals%2Fexhibits%2Famerican-bison&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=l-5RAQAAIAAJ&amp;q=National+Zoological+Park+founded+october+1889&amp;pg=PA26">"Publications of the Colonial Society of Massachusetts Pg. 26 – Google Books"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a></i>. 1906<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 25,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=h-net.msu.edu&amp;rft.atitle=Buffalo+Jones&amp;rft.date=2000-08&amp;rft.aulast=Anderson&amp;rft.aufirst=H.+Allen&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fh-net.msu.edu%2Fcgi-bin%2Flogbrowse.pl%3Ftrx%3Dvx%26list%3Dh-shgape%26month%3D0008%26week%3Dc%26msg%3D4ZaC2nPza053qdx7jtInAg%26user%3D%26pw%3D&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071114022909/http://nationalzoo.si.edu/Animals/AfricanSavanna/factpygmyhippo.cfm">"Pygmy Hippo fact sheet"</a>. <i>nationalzoo.si.edu</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 4,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=nationalzoo.si.edu&amp;rft.atitle=Pygmy+Hippo+fact+sheet&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnationalzoo.si.edu%2Fanimals%2Fafricansavanna%2Ffactpygmyhippo.cfm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nationalzoo.si.edu/news/hippo-leaves-national-zoo-for-milwaukee">"Hippo Leaves the National Zoo for Milwaukee"</a>. 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February 21, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414211432/https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/at-national-zoo-sequester-could-threaten-exhibits-but-not-animal-care/2013/02/21/2daad4ba-7b7a-11e2-a044-676856536b40_story.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 14, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&amp;rft.atitle=At+National+Zoo%2C+sequester+could+threaten+exhibits+but+not+animal+care&amp;rft.date=2013-02-21&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Flocal%2Fat-national-zoo-sequester-could-threaten-exhibits-but-not-animal-care%2F2013%2F02%2F21%2F2daad4ba-7b7a-11e2-a044-676856536b40_story.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/nostri-imago/3018552390">"National Zoological Park Police"</a>. 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Smithsonian Institution. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nationalzoo.si.edu/Animals/AsianElephants/ElephantTrails.cfm">the original</a> on March 7, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 6,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=nationalzoo.si.edu&amp;rft.atitle=Elephant+Trails&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnationalzoo.si.edu%2FAnimals%2FAsianElephants%2FElephantTrails.cfm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarron2013" class="citation news cs1">Barron, Christina (March 26, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/kidspost/elephants-move-into-new-community-center-at-the-national-zoo/2013/03/26/557ddf8c-925e-11e2-9abd-e4c5c9dc5e90_story.html">"Elephants move into new community center at the National Zoo"</a>. <i>The Washington Post</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131029200337/http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2013-03-26/lifestyle/38032180_1_elephants-marie-galloway-national-zoo">Archived</a> from the original on October 29, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&amp;rft.atitle=Elephants+move+into+new+community+center+at+the+National+Zoo&amp;rft.date=2013-03-26&amp;rft.aulast=Barron&amp;rft.aufirst=Christina&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Flifestyle%2Fkidspost%2Felephants-move-into-new-community-center-at-the-national-zoo%2F2013%2F03%2F26%2F557ddf8c-925e-11e2-9abd-e4c5c9dc5e90_story.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(1) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoode1974" class="citation book cs1">Goode, James M. (1974). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nXLqAAAAMAAJ"><i>The Outdoor Sculpture of Washington, D.C.: A Comprehensive Historical Guide</i></a>. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. p.&#160;260. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780881032338" title="Special:BookSources/9780881032338"><bdi>9780881032338</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/2610663">2610663</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 4,</span> 2016</span>. <q>This 25-foot long replica of a <i><a href="/wiki/Triceratops" title="Triceratops">Triceratops</a></i> ... was placed on the <a href="/wiki/National_Mall" title="National Mall">Mall</a> in 1967. ...<br />The full-size <i>Triceratops</i> replica and eight other types of dinosaurs were designed by two prominent paleontologists, Dr. <a href="/wiki/Barnum_Brown" title="Barnum Brown">Barnum Brown</a> of the <a href="/wiki/American_Museum_of_Natural_History" title="American Museum of Natural History">American Museum of Natural History</a>, in New York City, and Dr. <a href="/wiki/John_Ostrom" title="John Ostrom">John Ostrom</a> of the Peabody Museum, in Peabody, Massachusetts. The sculptor, <a href="/wiki/Louis_Paul_Jonas" title="Louis Paul Jonas">Louis Paul Jonas</a>, executed these prehistoric animals in fiberglass, after the designs of Barnum and Ostrom, for the Sinclair Refining Company's Pavilion at the <a href="/wiki/1964_New_York_World%27s_Fair" title="1964 New York World&#39;s Fair">New York World's Fair of 1964</a>. After the Fair closed, the nine dinosaurs, which weighed between 2 and 4 tons each, were placed on trucks and taken on a tour of the eastern United States. The <a href="/wiki/Sinclair_Oil_Corporation" title="Sinclair Oil Corporation">Sinclair Refining Company</a> promoted the tour for public relations and advertising purposes, since their trademark was the dinosaur. In 1967, the nine dinosaurs were given to various American museums.<br />This particular replica was used for the filming of <i>The Enormous Egg</i>, a movie made by the <a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">National Broadcasting Company</a> for television, based on a children's book of the same name by <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Butterworth_(writer)" title="Oliver Butterworth (writer)">Oliver Butterworth</a>. The movie features an enormous egg, out of which hatches a baby <i>Tricerotops</i>&#8201;; the boy consults with the Smithsonian Institution which accepts <i>Uncle Beasley</i> for the National Zoo.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Outdoor+Sculpture+of+Washington%2C+D.C.%3A+A+Comprehensive+Historical+Guide&amp;rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&amp;rft.pages=260&amp;rft.pub=Smithsonian+Institution+Press&amp;rft.date=1974&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F2610663&amp;rft.isbn=9780881032338&amp;rft.aulast=Goode&amp;rft.aufirst=James+M.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnXLqAAAAMAAJ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span><br />(2) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070612081739/http://nationalzoo.si.edu/Animals/ZooArt/UncleBeazley/">"A Dinosaur at the Zoo"</a>. <i>Art at the National Zoo</i>. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian National Zoological Park. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nationalzoo.si.edu/Animals/ZooArt/UncleBeazley/">the original</a> on June 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 1,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Art+at+the+National+Zoo&amp;rft.atitle=A+Dinosaur+at+the+Zoo&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnationalzoo.si.edu%2FAnimals%2FZooArt%2FUncleBeazley%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nationalzoo.si.edu/animals/exhibits/small-mammal-house">"Small Mammal House"</a>. <i>Smithsonian's National Zoo</i>. April 15, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 10,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Smithsonian%27s+National+Zoo&amp;rft.atitle=Small+Mammal+House&amp;rft.date=2016-04-15&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnationalzoo.si.edu%2Fanimals%2Fexhibits%2Fsmall-mammal-house&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nationalzoo.si.edu/animals/exhibits/american-trail">"American Trail"</a>. <i>Smithsonian's National Zoo</i>. April 20, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 10,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Smithsonian%27s+National+Zoo&amp;rft.atitle=American+Trail&amp;rft.date=2016-04-20&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnationalzoo.si.edu%2Fanimals%2Fexhibits%2Famerican-trail&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-American_Trail-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-American_Trail_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130225014853/http://nationalzoo.si.edu/Animals/AmericanTrail/exhibit.cfm">"The Newest Exhibit Area at the Smithsonian's National Zoo"</a>. Smithsonian's National Zoo. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nationalzoo.si.edu/Animals/AmericanTrail/exhibit.cfm">the original</a> on February 25, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 25,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+Newest+Exhibit+Area+at+the+Smithsonian%27s+National+Zoo&amp;rft.pub=Smithsonian%27s+National+Zoo&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnationalzoo.si.edu%2FAnimals%2FAmericanTrail%2Fexhibit.cfm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nationalzoo.si.edu/animals/exhibits/cheetah-conservation-station">"Africa Trail"</a>. <i>Smithsonian's National Zoo</i>. April 15, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 10,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Smithsonian%27s+National+Zoo&amp;rft.atitle=Africa+Trail&amp;rft.date=2016-04-15&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnationalzoo.si.edu%2Fanimals%2Fexhibits%2Fcheetah-conservation-station&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nationalzoo.si.edu/animals/exhibits/amazonia">"Amazonia"</a>. <i>Smithsonian's National Zoo</i>. April 20, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 10,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Smithsonian%27s+National+Zoo&amp;rft.atitle=Amazonia&amp;rft.date=2016-04-20&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnationalzoo.si.edu%2Fanimals%2Fexhibits%2Famazonia&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nationalzoo.si.edu/animals/exhibits/reptile-discovery-center">"Reptile Discovery Center"</a>. <i>Smithsonian's National Zoo</i>. April 15, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 10,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Smithsonian%27s+National+Zoo&amp;rft.atitle=Reptile+Discovery+Center&amp;rft.date=2016-04-15&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnationalzoo.si.edu%2Fanimals%2Fexhibits%2Freptile-discovery-center&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nationalzoo.si.edu/animals/exhibits/bird-house-0">"Bird House"</a>. May 2, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Bird+House&amp;rft.date=2017-05-02&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnationalzoo.si.edu%2Fanimals%2Fexhibits%2Fbird-house-0&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nationalzoo.si.edu/animals/exhibits/claws-paws-pathway">"Claws &amp; Paws Pathway"</a>. May 19, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 11,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Claws+%26+Paws+Pathway&amp;rft.date=2022-05-19&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnationalzoo.si.edu%2Fanimals%2Fexhibits%2Fclaws-paws-pathway&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nationalzoo.si.edu/news/state-farm-supports-kids-farm-national-zoo">"State Farm Supports Kids' Farm at the National Zoo"</a>. July 27, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=State+Farm+Supports+Kids%27+Farm+at+the+National+Zoo&amp;rft.date=2011-07-27&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnationalzoo.si.edu%2Fnews%2Fstate-farm-supports-kids-farm-national-zoo&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bison_2-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bison_2_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nationalzoo.si.edu/news/smithsonians-national-zoo-welcomes-two-new-bison">"Smithsonian's National Zoo Welcomes Two New Bison"</a>. <i>Smithsonian's National Zoo</i>. July 16, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 26,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Smithsonian%27s+National+Zoo&amp;rft.atitle=Smithsonian%27s+National+Zoo+Welcomes+Two+New+Bison&amp;rft.date=2020-07-16&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnationalzoo.si.edu%2Fnews%2Fsmithsonians-national-zoo-welcomes-two-new-bison&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nationalzoo.si.edu/animals/list">"Meet the Animals"</a>. <i>Smithsonian's National Zoo</i>. August 25, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 29,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&amp;rft.atitle=Crafty+Fox+No+Surprise%2C+But+Attack+Is+a+Stumper&amp;rft.date=2003-07-19&amp;rft.aulast=Witte&amp;rft.aufirst=Griff&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fac2%2Fwp-dyn%3Fpagename%3Darticle%26node%3D%26contentId%3DA13541-2003Jul18%26notFound%3Dtrue&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130209231657/http://www.wtopnews.com/index.php?nid=25&amp;sid=328443">"Third death this month at National Zoo"</a>. <i>wtopnews.com</i>. WTOP News. March 31, 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wtopnews.com/index.php?nid=25&amp;sid=328443">the original</a> on February 9, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 25,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=wtopnews.com&amp;rft.atitle=Third+death+this+month+at+National+Zoo&amp;rft.date=2005-03-31&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wtopnews.com%2Findex.php%3Fnid%3D25%26sid%3D328443&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCommittee_on_the_Review_of_the_Smithsonian2005" class="citation book cs1">Committee on the Review of the Smithsonian (January 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050516010532/http://www.nap.edu/execsumm_pdf/11212.pdf"><i>Animal Care and Management at the National Zoo: Final Report</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. National Academies Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-309-09583-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-309-09583-2"><bdi>0-309-09583-2</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nap.edu/execsumm_pdf/11212.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on May 16, 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 12,</span> 2017</span>. <q>In total, the committee evaluated 74% of all megavertebrate deaths that occurred at the National Zoo from 1999 to 2003. The committee concluded that in a majority of cases, the animal received appropriate care throughout its lifetime. In particular, the committee's evaluation of randomly sampled megavertebrate deaths at the Rock Creek Park facility revealed few questions about the appropriateness of these animals' care, suggesting that the publicized animal deaths were not indicative of a wider, undiscovered problem with animal care at the Rock Creek Park facility.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Animal+Care+and+Management+at+the+National+Zoo%3A+Final+Report&amp;rft.pub=National+Academies+Press&amp;rft.date=2005-01&amp;rft.isbn=0-309-09583-2&amp;rft.au=Committee+on+the+Review+of+the+Smithsonian&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nap.edu%2Fexecsumm_pdf%2F11212.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-chief_quits-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-chief_quits_85-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/national-zoo-faulted-chief-quits/">"National Zoo Faulted; Chief Quits"</a>. <i>cbsnews.com</i>. CBS News. February 25, 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 10,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=cbsnews.com&amp;rft.atitle=National+Zoo+Faulted%3B+Chief+Quits&amp;rft.date=2004-02-25&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Fnational-zoo-faulted-chief-quits%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wp20061223-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wp20061223_86-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wp20061223_86-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilgoren2006" class="citation news cs1">Wilgoren, Debbi (December 23, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/12/22/AR2006122200317_pf.html">"What's New at the National Zoo?"</a>. <i>Washington Post</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 23,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&amp;rft.atitle=What%27s+New+at+the+National+Zoo%3F&amp;rft.date=2006-12-23&amp;rft.aulast=Wilgoren&amp;rft.aufirst=Debbi&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F2006%2F12%2F22%2FAR2006122200317_pf.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/dc-md-va/2022/05/03/fox-killed-flamingos-national-zoo-dc/">"25 National Zoo flamingos killed by wild fox: 'Heartbreaking'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Washington Post</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286">0190-8286</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 3,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&amp;rft.atitle=25+National+Zoo+flamingos+killed+by+wild+fox%3A+%27Heartbreaking%27&amp;rft.issn=0190-8286&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fdc-md-va%2F2022%2F05%2F03%2Ffox-killed-flamingos-national-zoo-dc%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=34" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArundel2017" class="citation book cs1">Arundel, Kara (2017). <i>Raising America's Zoo: How Two Wild Gorillas Helped Transform the National Zoo</i>. Herndon, Virginia: Mascot Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781684011704" title="Special:BookSources/9781684011704"><bdi>9781684011704</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1000583555">1000583555</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Raising+America%27s+Zoo%3A+How+Two+Wild+Gorillas+Helped+Transform+the+National+Zoo&amp;rft.place=Herndon%2C+Virginia&amp;rft.pub=Mascot+Books&amp;rft.date=2017&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1000583555&amp;rft.isbn=9781684011704&amp;rft.aulast=Arundel&amp;rft.aufirst=Kara&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeyerCrosbyKamen1989" class="citation book cs1">Meyer, Alfred; Crosby, Thomas; Kamen, Gloria (July 17, 1989). <i>A Zoo For All Seasons: The Smithsonian Animal World</i>. Smithsonian Exposition Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780895990037" title="Special:BookSources/9780895990037"><bdi>9780895990037</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/5537769">5537769</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=A+Zoo+For+All+Seasons%3A+The+Smithsonian+Animal+World&amp;rft.pub=Smithsonian+Exposition+Books&amp;rft.date=1989-07-17&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F5537769&amp;rft.isbn=9780895990037&amp;rft.aulast=Meyer&amp;rft.aufirst=Alfred&amp;rft.au=Crosby%2C+Thomas&amp;rft.au=Kamen%2C+Gloria&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPage1990" class="citation book cs1">Page, Jake (April 17, 1990). <i>Smithsonian's New Zoo</i>. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780874747348" title="Special:BookSources/9780874747348"><bdi>9780874747348</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/20671857">20671857</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Smithsonian%27s+New+Zoo&amp;rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&amp;rft.pub=Smithsonian+Institution+Press&amp;rft.date=1990-04-17&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F20671857&amp;rft.isbn=9780874747348&amp;rft.aulast=Page&amp;rft.aufirst=Jake&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVandersommers2023" class="citation book cs1">Vandersommers, Daniel (2023). <i>Entangled Encounters at the National Zoo: Stories from the Animal Archive</i>. Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780700635689" title="Special:BookSources/9780700635689"><bdi>9780700635689</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1376003490">1376003490</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Entangled+Encounters+at+the+National+Zoo%3A+Stories+from+the+Animal+Archive&amp;rft.place=Lawrence%2C+Kansas&amp;rft.pub=University+Press+of+Kansas&amp;rft.date=2023&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1376003490&amp;rft.isbn=9780700635689&amp;rft.aulast=Vandersommers&amp;rft.aufirst=Daniel&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Zoological+Park+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Zoological_Park_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=35" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Smithsonian_National_Zoological_Park" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Smithsonian National Zoological Park">National Zoological Park</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" 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.navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Smithsonian_Institution" title="Template:Smithsonian Institution"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Smithsonian_Institution" title="Template talk:Smithsonian Institution"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Smithsonian_Institution" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Smithsonian Institution"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Smithsonian_Institution" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Institution" title="Smithsonian Institution">Smithsonian Institution</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Smithsonian_museums" title="List of Smithsonian museums">Museums</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_African_American_History_and_Culture" title="National Museum of African American History and Culture">African American History and Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_African_Art" title="National Museum of African Art">African Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Air_and_Space_Museum" title="National Air and Space Museum">Air and Space</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Steven_F._Udvar-Hazy_Center" title="Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center">Udvar–Hazy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_American_Art_Museum" title="Smithsonian American Art Museum">American Art</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Renwick_Gallery" title="Renwick Gallery">Renwick Gallery</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_American_History" title="National Museum of American History">American History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Jazz_Masterworks_Orchestra" title="Smithsonian Jazz Masterworks Orchestra">Jazz Masterworks Orchestra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Numismatic_Collection" title="National Numismatic Collection">Numismatic Collection</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_the_American_Indian" title="National Museum of the American Indian">American Indian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Gustav_Heye_Center" title="George Gustav Heye Center">Heye Center</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anacostia_Community_Museum" title="Anacostia Community Museum">Anacostia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arts_and_Industries_Building" title="Arts and Industries Building">Arts and Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Asian_Art" title="National Museum of Asian Art">Asian Art</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freer_Gallery_of_Art" title="Freer Gallery of Art">Freer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_M._Sackler_Gallery" title="Arthur M. Sackler Gallery">Sackler</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Institution_Building" title="Smithsonian Institution Building">Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooper_Hewitt,_Smithsonian_Design_Museum" title="Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum">Cooper–Hewitt Design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Gardens" title="Smithsonian Gardens">Gardens</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archives_of_American_Gardens" title="Archives of American Gardens">Archives of American Gardens</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hirshhorn_Museum_and_Sculpture_Garden" title="Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden">Hirshhorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_the_American_Latino" title="National Museum of the American Latino">Latino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Natural_History" title="National Museum of Natural History">Natural History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Consortium_for_the_Barcode_of_Life" title="Consortium for the Barcode of Life">Barcode of Life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">Encyclopedia of Life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Volcanism_Program" title="Global Volcanism Program">Global Volcanism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Portrait_Gallery_(United_States)" title="National Portrait Gallery (United States)">Portrait Gallery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Postal_Museum" title="National Postal Museum">Postal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_American_Women%27s_History_Museum" title="Smithsonian American Women&#39;s History Museum">Women's History</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Zoo</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">National Zoological Park</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Uncle_Beazley" title="Uncle Beazley">Uncle Beazley</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Research</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archives_of_American_Art" title="Archives of American Art">Archives of American Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Coral_Reef_Ecosystems_Program" title="Caribbean Coral Reef Ecosystems Program">Caribbean Coral Reef Ecosystems Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_at_the_Smithsonian_Institution" title="Conservation and restoration at the Smithsonian Institution">Conservation and restoration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard%E2%80%93Smithsonian_Center_for_Astrophysics" title="Harvard–Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics">Astrophysics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chandra_X-ray_Observatory" title="Chandra X-ray Observatory">Chandra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Conservation_Biology_Institute" title="Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute">Conservation Biology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Environmental_Research_Center" title="Smithsonian Environmental Research Center">Environmental Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Libraries_and_Archives" title="Smithsonian Libraries and Archives">Libraries and Archives</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biodiversity_Heritage_Library" title="Biodiversity Heritage Library">Biodiversity Heritage Library</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Marine_Station_at_Fort_Pierce" title="Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce">Marine Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_Conservation_Institute" title="Museum Conservation Institute">Museum Conservation Institute</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Migratory_Bird_Center" title="Smithsonian Migratory Bird Center">Migratory Bird</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Tropical_Research_Institute" title="Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute">Tropical Research</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cultural</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Asian_Pacific_American_Center" title="Smithsonian Asian Pacific American Center">Asian Pacific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Latino_Center" title="Smithsonian Latino Center">Latino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Center_for_Folklife_and_Cultural_Heritage" class="mw-redirect" title="Smithsonian Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage">Folklife and Cultural Heritage</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Folklife_Festival" title="Smithsonian Folklife Festival">Folklife Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Folkways" title="Smithsonian Folkways">Folkways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Global_Sound" class="mw-redirect" title="Smithsonian Global Sound">Global Sound</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Affiliations" title="Smithsonian Affiliations">Affiliations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._Dillon_Ripley_Center" title="S. Dillon Ripley Center">Ripley Center</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/American_Art_(journal)" title="American Art (journal)">American Art</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Air_%26_Space/Smithsonian" title="Air &amp; Space/Smithsonian">Air &amp; Space/Smithsonian</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/STEM_in_30" title="STEM in 30">STEM in 30</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_(magazine)" title="Smithsonian (magazine)"><i>Smithsonian</i> magazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Channel" title="Smithsonian Channel">Smithsonian Channel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Contributions_and_Studies_Series" title="Smithsonian Contributions and Studies Series">Smithsonian Contributions and Studies Series</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Awards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Smithson_Medal" title="James Smithson Medal">James Smithson Medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Lang_Freer_Medal" title="Charles Lang Freer Medal">Charles Lang Freer Medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hodgkins_Medal" title="Hodgkins Medal">Hodgkins Medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langley_Gold_Medal" title="Langley Gold Medal">Langley Gold Medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Design_Awards" title="National Design Awards">National Design Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Philatelic_Achievement_Award" title="Smithsonian Philatelic Achievement Award">Smithsonian Philatelic Achievement Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson_Awards" title="Woodrow Wilson Awards">Woodrow Wilson Awards</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Smithson" title="James Smithson">James Smithson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_Center_for_the_Performing_Arts" title="John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts">John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson_International_Center_for_Scholars" title="Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars">Wilson Center</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/The_Wilson_Quarterly" title="The Wilson Quarterly">The Wilson Quarterly</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Police" class="mw-redirect" title="Smithsonian Police">Smithsonian Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._National_Tick_Collection" title="U.S. National Tick Collection">U.S. National Tick Collection</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1043283#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1043283#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1043283#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121822028">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/149525151">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/534855/">FAST</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/122024-X">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79079548">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/420458">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90262216">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&amp;local_base=NLX10&amp;find_code=UID&amp;request=987007265981805171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bgci.org/garden.php?id=4601">BGCI garden</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA10335639?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list 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