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Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patois" title="Patois – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Patois" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patois" title="Patois – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Patois" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B0" title="Патуа – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Патуа" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trefoedach" title="Trefoedach – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Trefoedach" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patu%C3%A8s" title="Patuès – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Patuès" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patois_(franz%C3%B6sische_Sprache)" title="Patois (französische Sprache) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Patois (französische Sprache)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patois" title="Patois – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Patois" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patois" title="Patois – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Patois" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patois" title="Patois – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Patois" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B4_%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87" title="گویش عامیانه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گویش عامیانه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patois" title="Patois – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Patois" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patois" title="Patois – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Patois" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%AD%E5%91%94%E8%AA%9E" title="叭呔語 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="叭呔語" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patois" title="Patois – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Patois" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patois" title="Patois – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Patois" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%98%D7%95%D7%90%D7%94" title="פטואה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פטואה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patois" title="Patois – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Patois" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patois" title="Patois – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Patois" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E8%A9%B1" title="平話 – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="平話" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patois" title="Patois – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Patois" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%91%E3%83%88%E3%83%AF" title="パトワ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="パトワ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pato%C3%A1" title="Patoá – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Patoá" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B0" title="Патуа – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Патуа" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B0" title="Патоа – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Патоа" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patois" title="Patois – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Patois" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patois" title="Patois – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Patois" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Dialect or variety that is considered "sub-standard" and generally lacks a written form</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the general term. For the Jamaican creole language, see <a href="/wiki/Jamaican_Patois" title="Jamaican Patois">Jamaican Patois</a>.</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/patois" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:patois">patois</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <p><i><b>Patois</b></i> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="'w' in 'wind'">w</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span></span>/</a></span></span><small>, pl. same or</small> <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="'w' in 'wind'">w</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="'z' in 'zoom'">z</span></span>/</a></span></span>)<sup id="cite_ref-oed_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oed-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is speech or language that is considered <a href="/wiki/Nonstandard_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonstandard dialect">nonstandard</a>, although the term is not formally defined in <a href="/wiki/Linguistics" title="Linguistics">linguistics</a>. As such, <i>patois</i> can refer to <a href="/wiki/Pidgin" title="Pidgin">pidgins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Creole_language" title="Creole language">creoles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dialect" title="Dialect">dialects</a> or <a href="/wiki/Vernacular" title="Vernacular">vernaculars</a>, but not commonly to <a href="/wiki/Jargon" title="Jargon">jargon</a> or <a href="/wiki/Slang" title="Slang">slang</a>, which are vocabulary-based forms of <a href="/wiki/Cant_(language)" title="Cant (language)">cant</a>. </p><p>In colloquial usage of the term, especially in <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, class distinctions are implied by the very meaning of the term, since in French, <i>patois</i> refers to any <a href="/wiki/Sociolect" title="Sociolect">sociolect</a> associated with uneducated rural classes, in contrast with the dominant <a href="/wiki/Prestige_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Prestige language">prestige language</a> (<a href="/wiki/Standard_French" title="Standard French">Standard French</a>) spoken by the middle and high classes of cities or as used in literature and formal settings (the "<a href="/wiki/Acrolect" class="mw-redirect" title="Acrolect">acrolect</a>"). <a href="/wiki/Sociolinguistics" title="Sociolinguistics">Sociolinguistics</a> is the discipline that studies the relationship between these language varieties, how they relate to the dominant culture and, in the case of France, to <a href="/wiki/National_language_policy" class="mw-redirect" title="National language policy">national language policy</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Patois&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The term <i>patois</i> comes from <a href="/wiki/Old_French" title="Old French">Old French</a> <span title="Old French (842-ca. 1400)-language text"><i lang="fro">patois</i></span>, 'local or regional dialect'<sup id="cite_ref-oed_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oed-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (originally meaning 'rough, clumsy or uncultivated speech'), possibly from the verb <span title="Old French (842-ca. 1400)-language text"><i lang="fro">patoier</i></span>, 'to treat roughly', from <span title="Old French (842-ca. 1400)-language text"><i lang="fro">patte</i></span>, 'paw',<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from <a href="/wiki/Old_Dutch" title="Old Dutch">Old Low Franconian</a> <span title="Old Dutch-language text">*<i lang="odt">patta</i></span>, 'paw, sole of the foot', plus the suffix <i lang="fr"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/-ois#French" class="extiw" title="wikt:-ois">-ois</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Patois&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Examples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Francophone" class="mw-redirect" title="Francophone">Francophone</a> countries, <i>patois</i> has been used to describe non-standard <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> and <a href="/wiki/Regional_language" title="Regional language">regional languages</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Picard_language" title="Picard language">Picard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Occitan_language" title="Occitan language">Occitan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Franco-Proven%C3%A7al_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Franco-Provençal language">Franco-Provençal</a> since 1643, and <a href="/wiki/Catalan_language" title="Catalan language">Catalan</a> after 1700 when the king <a href="/wiki/Louis_XIV_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XIV of France">Louis XIV</a> banned its use.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The word assumes the view of such languages being backward, countrified and unlettered; thus the term <i>patois</i> is potentially considered offensive when used by outsiders. As <a href="/wiki/Jean_Jaur%C3%A8s" title="Jean Jaurès">Jean Jaurès</a> once said, "One names <i>patois</i> the language of a defeated nation."<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In France and Switzerland, however, the term <i>patois</i> no longer holds any offensive connotation, and has become a celebrated and distinguished variant of the numerous local tongues.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Vernacular" title="Vernacular">vernacular</a> form of <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> spoken in <a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a> is also referred to as <i>patois</i> or <i>patwa</i>. It is noted especially in reference to Jamaican Patois from 1934. <a href="/wiki/Jamaican_Patois" title="Jamaican Patois">Jamaican Patois</a> language consists of words from the native languages spoken by many Caribbean ethnic and cultural groups including Spanish, Portuguese, Chinese, Amerindian, English and several African languages. Additionally, some islands have Creole dialects influenced by French, Spanish, Arabic, Hebrew, German, Dutch, Italian, Chinese, Vietnamese and others. Jamaican Patois is also spoken in <a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a> and <a href="/wiki/French-based_creole_languages" title="French-based creole languages">French Creole</a> is spoken in Caribbean countries such as <a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a> and <a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a> in South America. </p><p>Often, these patois are popularly considered "<a href="/wiki/Broken_English" title="Broken English">broken English</a>" or slang, but cases such as Jamaican Patois are classified more correctly as a <a href="/wiki/Creole_language" title="Creole language">Creole language</a>. Notably, in the <a href="/wiki/French_West_Indies" title="French West Indies">Francophone Caribbean</a>, the analogous term for local <a href="/wiki/Basilect" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilect">basilectal</a> languages is <i>créole</i> (see also <a href="/wiki/Jamaican_English" title="Jamaican English">Jamaican English</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jamaican_Creole" class="mw-redirect" title="Jamaican Creole">Jamaican Creole</a>). <a href="/wiki/Antillean_Creole" title="Antillean Creole">Antillean Creole</a>, in addition to French, is spoken in <a href="/wiki/Lesser_Antilles" title="Lesser Antilles">Lesser Antilles</a> and includes vocabulary and grammar of African and <a href="/wiki/Carib_language" title="Carib language">Carib</a> origin. Its dialects often contain folk-etymological derivatives of French words. For example, <i><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">lavier</i></span></i> ("river, stream"), a syncopated variant of the standard French phrase <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">la rivière</i></span> ("the river"), has been associated by <a href="/wiki/Folk_etymology" title="Folk etymology">folk etymology</a> with <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">laver</i></span> ("to wash"). Therefore, <i><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">lavier</i></span></i> is interpreted to mean "a place to wash" since such streams are often used for washing laundry. </p><p>Other examples of <i>patois</i> include <a href="/wiki/Trasianka" title="Trasianka">Trasianka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sheng_slang" title="Sheng slang">Sheng</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tsotsitaal_and_Camtho" title="Tsotsitaal and Camtho">Tsotsitaal</a>. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a>, <i>patois</i> has been spoken by citizens in the south of Uruguay, many who hail from France and <a href="/wiki/Piedmont" title="Piedmont">Piedmont</a> region of Italy.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Synonyms">Synonyms</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Patois&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Synonyms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Patois" title="Special:EditPage/Patois">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2016</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Dominican, Grenadian, St. Lucian, Trinidadian and Venezuelan speakers of <a href="/wiki/Antillean_Creole" title="Antillean Creole">Antillean Creole</a> call the language <i>patois</i>. It is also named <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">Patuá</i></span> in the <a href="/wiki/Paria_Peninsula" title="Paria Peninsula">Paria Peninsula</a> of <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a> and spoken since the eighteenth century by self-colonization of French people (from <a href="/wiki/Corsica" title="Corsica">Corsica</a>) and Caribbean people (from <a href="/wiki/Martinique" title="Martinique">Martinique</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trinidad" title="Trinidad">Trinidad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guadeloupe" title="Guadeloupe">Guadeloupe</a>, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic) who moved for <a href="/wiki/Theobroma_cacao" title="Theobroma cacao">cacao</a> production. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Macanese_Patois" title="Macanese Patois">Macanese Patois</a> is also known as <i>Patuá</i> and was originally spoken by the <a href="/wiki/Macanese_people" title="Macanese people">Macanese community</a> of the former <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portuguese</a> <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Macau" title="Portuguese Macau">colony of Macau</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Patois&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFReference-OED-patois" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/search/dictionary/?q=patois">"patois"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary</a></i> (Online ed.). <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=patois&rft.btitle=Oxford+English+Dictionary&rft.edition=Online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oed.com%2Fsearch%2Fdictionary%2F%3Fq%3Dpatois&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatois" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/public/login/loggingin#withyourlibrary">participating institution membership</a> required.)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 May</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Oxford+Dictionaries&rft.atitle=patois&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Foxforddictionaries.com%2Fdefinition%2Fenglish%2Fpatois&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatois" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.axl.cefan.ulaval.ca/francophonie/Decret-interdiction-catalan1700.htm">"Interdiction de la langue catalane, Louis XIV"</a>. <i>www.axl.cefan.ulaval.ca</i> (in Canadian French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-01-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Portal+de+la+Universidad+de+la+Rep%C3%BAblica+%E2%80%93+UCUR&rft.atitle=Etnicidad+y+Lenguaje%3A+La+aculturaci%C3%B3n+socioling%C3%BC%C3%ADstica+de+los+inmigrantes+italianos+en+Montevideo&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Barrios&rft.aufirst=Graciela&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdedicaciontotal.udelar.edu.uy%2Fadjuntos%2Fproduccion%2F742_academicas__academicaarchivo.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatois" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Patois&oldid=1259254829">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Patois&oldid=1259254829</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sociolinguistics" title="Category:Sociolinguistics">Sociolinguistics</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Language_varieties_and_styles" title="Category:Language varieties and styles">Language varieties and styles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Linguistics_terminology" title="Category:Linguistics terminology">Linguistics terminology</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Canadian_French-language_sources_(fr-ca)" title="Category:CS1 Canadian French-language sources (fr-ca)">CS1 Canadian French-language sources (fr-ca)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Spanish-language_sources_(es)" title="Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)">CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_American_English_from_January_2019" title="Category:Use American English from January 2019">Use American English from January 2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_written_in_American_English" title="Category:All Wikipedia articles written in American English">All Wikipedia articles written in American English</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Old_French_(842-ca._1400)-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Old French (842-ca. 1400)-language text">Articles containing Old French (842-ca. 1400)-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Old_Dutch-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Old Dutch-language text">Articles containing Old Dutch-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_French-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing French-language text">Articles containing French-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_October_2016" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from October 2016">Articles needing additional references from October 2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Spanish-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Spanish-language text">Articles containing Spanish-language text</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 24 November 2024, at 05:47<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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