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class="infobox ib-election infobox-table vevent" style="width:300px"><caption class="infobox-title summary">2009 European Parliament election in Germany</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/50px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/75px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/100px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><hr /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><table style="width:100%; margin:1px; display:inline-table;"><tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; vertical-align:middle; padding:0 0.5em 0 0;width:20%;" class="noprint">← <a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Germany" title="2004 European Parliament election in Germany">2004</a></td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 1px;width:60%;" class=""><b>7 June 2009</b></td> <td style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 0 0 0.5em;width:20%;" class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Germany" title="2014 European Parliament election in Germany">2014</a> →</td> </tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><hr />All 99 German seats in the <a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="#Polls">Opinion polls</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Turnout</th><td class="infobox-data">43.3%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="background:transparent; color: inherit; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr class="sr-only"> <th style="text-align:left;">  </th> <th style="text-align:center">First party </th> <th style="text-align:center">Second party </th> <th style="text-align:center">Third party </th></tr> <tr> <td>  </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #151518;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hans-Gert_P%C3%B6ttering_Senate_of_Poland.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Hans-Gert_P%C3%B6ttering_Senate_of_Poland.jpg/132px-Hans-Gert_P%C3%B6ttering_Senate_of_Poland.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Hans-Gert_P%C3%B6ttering_Senate_of_Poland.jpg/199px-Hans-Gert_P%C3%B6ttering_Senate_of_Poland.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Hans-Gert_P%C3%B6ttering_Senate_of_Poland.jpg/265px-Hans-Gert_P%C3%B6ttering_Senate_of_Poland.jpg 2x" data-file-width="837" data-file-height="948" /></a></span> </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #E3000F;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MEP_Schulz.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/MEP_Schulz.jpg/104px-MEP_Schulz.jpg" decoding="async" width="104" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/MEP_Schulz.jpg/156px-MEP_Schulz.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/MEP_Schulz.jpg/209px-MEP_Schulz.jpg 2x" data-file-width="857" data-file-height="1231" /></a></span> </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #409A3C;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rebecca_Harms_(2009).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Rebecca_Harms_%282009%29.jpg/121px-Rebecca_Harms_%282009%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="121" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Rebecca_Harms_%282009%29.jpg/181px-Rebecca_Harms_%282009%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Rebecca_Harms_%282009%29.jpg/242px-Rebecca_Harms_%282009%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="581" data-file-height="721" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Leader </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Hans-Gert_P%C3%B6ttering" title="Hans-Gert Pöttering">Hans-Gert Pöttering</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Schulz" title="Martin Schulz">Martin Schulz</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Rebecca_Harms" title="Rebecca Harms">Rebecca Harms</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:75px;text-align:left">Party </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/CDU/CSU" title="CDU/CSU">CDU/CSU</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Social Democratic Party of Germany">SPD</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Alliance_%2790/The_Greens" class="mw-redirect" title="Alliance '90/The Greens">Greens</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Seats before </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">49 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">23 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">13 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Seats won </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">42 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">23 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">14 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Seat change </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>7 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>1 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Popular vote </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">9,968,153 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">5,472,566 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">3,194,509 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Percentage </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">37.9% </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">20.8% </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">12.1% </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Swing </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>6.6% </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0.7% </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4"><hr /> </td></tr> <tr class="sr-only"> <th style="text-align:left;">  </th> <th style="text-align:center">Fourth party </th> <th style="text-align:center">Fifth party </th></tr> <tr> <td>  </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #FFED00;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kochmehrin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Kochmehrin.jpg/100px-Kochmehrin.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Kochmehrin.jpg/150px-Kochmehrin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Kochmehrin.jpg/200px-Kochmehrin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2063" data-file-height="3095" /></a></span> </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #BE3075;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lothar_Bisky_(2009).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Lothar_Bisky_%282009%29.jpg/115px-Lothar_Bisky_%282009%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="115" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Lothar_Bisky_%282009%29.jpg/173px-Lothar_Bisky_%282009%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Lothar_Bisky_%282009%29.jpg/231px-Lothar_Bisky_%282009%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1537" data-file-height="1995" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Leader </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Silvana_Koch-Mehrin" title="Silvana Koch-Mehrin">Silvana Koch-Mehrin</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Lothar_Bisky" title="Lothar Bisky">Lothar Bisky</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:75px;text-align:left">Party </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Free_Democratic_Party_(Germany)" title="Free Democratic Party (Germany)">FDP</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/The_Left_(Germany)" title="The Left (Germany)">Left</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Seats before </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">7 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">7 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Seats won </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">12 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">8 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Seat change </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>5 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>1 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Popular vote </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">2,888,084 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">1,969,239 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Percentage </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">11.0% </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">7.5% </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Swing </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>4.9% </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>1.4% </td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Europawahl_2009.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Europawahl_2009.png/300px-Europawahl_2009.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="407" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Europawahl_2009.png/450px-Europawahl_2009.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Europawahl_2009.png/600px-Europawahl_2009.png 2x" data-file-width="796" data-file-height="1081" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Europawahl_2009_Bundes.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Europawahl_2009_Bundes.png/300px-Europawahl_2009_Bundes.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="408" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Europawahl_2009_Bundes.png/450px-Europawahl_2009_Bundes.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Europawahl_2009_Bundes.png/600px-Europawahl_2009_Bundes.png 2x" data-file-width="796" data-file-height="1083" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The German part of the <a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election" title="2009 European Parliament election">2009 European Parliament election</a> was held on Sunday, 7 June. A total of 26 parties competed for the 99 seats reserved for Germany in the <a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a>. In the <a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election" title="2004 European Parliament election">previous election of 2004</a>, the six parties which were represented in the German national parliament (<a href="/wiki/Bundestag" title="Bundestag">Bundestag</a>) from 2005 to 2013, had entered the European Parliament by overcoming the 5% <a href="/wiki/Election_threshold" class="mw-redirect" title="Election threshold">election threshold</a>. The same parties entered the European Parliament this time. None of the other parties managed to gain more than 1.7%, but together the small parties exceeded 10% for the first time. At 43.3%, the <a href="/wiki/Voter_turnout" title="Voter turnout">voter turnout</a> was just over the all-time low in the previous European election in Germany (43.0%).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Germany&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From the 2004 European elections, the CDU had emerged as the strongest party vote, together with the CSU had achieved 44.5% of the vote and 49 of the 99 German mandates. In contrast, the SPD lost heavily and only came to 23 seats (21.5% of the vote). Third strongest party were the Greens with 13 seats (11.9%), followed by PDS (Party of the predecessor left ) and the FDP with 7 seats (6.1%). Since the turnout in European elections is traditionally low, some significant differences can be attributed (e.g. in federal elections) including the respective importance generally attributed to the various constituencies parties European elections of the results at national level. </p><p>The 2009 European elections fell in Germany in the pre-election campaign for the 2009 federal election . It was therefore often regarded as a "test vote" for this, in which the various parties first position and, for example, could test the response to specific campaign issues. In the media, however, the European elections was initially compared with other events, such as the election of the President 23 May 2009, rather little present; and the election campaign of the parties was rather unspectacular. Attention was a campaign of SPD in which these slogans as would choose FDP financial sharks or hot air would choose the Left parties other attack directly. Although there are some historical examples (such as the Red Sock Campaign of the CDU 1994), this form of negative campaigning is otherwise rather unusual in elections in Germany. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Electoral_system">Electoral system</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Germany&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Electoral system"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Cleanup_rewrite plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crystal_Clear_app_kedit.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Crystal_Clear_app_kedit.svg/40px-Crystal_Clear_app_kedit.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Crystal_Clear_app_kedit.svg/60px-Crystal_Clear_app_kedit.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Crystal_Clear_app_kedit.svg/80px-Crystal_Clear_app_kedit.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>may need to be rewritten</b> to comply with Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style">quality standards</a>, as section.<span class="hide-when-compact"> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Germany&action=edit">You can help</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Talk:2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Germany" title="Talk:2009 European Parliament election in Germany">talk page</a> may contain suggestions.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2018</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Legal basis for the European elections in Germany is the European Elections Act, which in many areas of the Federal Electoral Act refers. The choice is a proportional representation, that is, each party gets seats in proportion to their share of the nationwide valid votes allocated. However, only parties were considered, at least nationwide five percent of the valid votes reached. (The five-percent hurdle in 2011 was declared unconstitutional in retrospect, but this did not lead to a redistribution of seats.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 2014 European elections took place in Germany without a restrictive clause.) </p><p>Unlike the federal election the voter has only one vote, with whom he a in the European election party can vote or other political association. Most parties entered with nationwide electoral lists to merely CDU and CSU presented regional lists. The 15 Official lists of CDU were connected, that is, the votes obtained were added for the total number of seats for the CDU and the seats then further distributed to the individual lists. The CSU only occurred in Bavaria, but to overcome the five-percent hurdle counted their share of the vote nationwide, they therefore had 33.4% of the Bavarian votes win, with 48.1% she reached the<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Approximately 36% of the Bavarian votes still would have been necessary because the turnout in Bavaria in 2004 a lot was below the national average for the same turnout in Bavaria and in the rest of Germany as each of the 2004 European elections. </p><p>The allocation of seats was introduced in 2009 are no longer following the Largest remainder method, but for the first time after the Sainte-Laguë method . The electoral lists were closed; that is, the amounts attributable to the nominations seats were occupied exactly in the manner specified in the list order. The voters could<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (July 2018)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> (unlike, for example, in some local elections do not change the order). </p><p>Active and passive right to vote in Germany were all those EU citizens who have reached the age of 18 years at the latest on election day and the German citizenship or have a residence in Germany. German citizens living in other EU countries, as well as EU foreigners living in Germany had to decide whether they wanted to vote in their home country or country of residence. EU foreigners who wanted to vote in Germany, had to leave this app previously in the electoral register. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Opinion_polls">Opinion polls</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Germany&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Opinion polls"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">Party </th> <td style="background:#bbb; text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Germany" title="2004 European Parliament election in Germany">Last<br />election</a></b> </td> <th>2009-04-03<br />Infratest<sup id="cite_ref-um_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-um-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>2009-04-22<br />GESS<sup id="cite_ref-um_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-um-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>2009-05-07<br />Infratest<sup id="cite_ref-um_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-um-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>2009-05-28<br />Infratest<sup id="cite_ref-um_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-um-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>2009-05-29<br />FW<sup id="cite_ref-um_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-um-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="black">  </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Union_(Germany)" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian Democratic Union (Germany)">CDU</a>+<a href="/wiki/Christian_Social_Union_of_Bavaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian Social Union of Bavaria">CSU</a> </td> <td style="background:#bbb;">44.5% </td> <td>36% (30+6) </td> <td>39% </td> <td>37% (31+6) </td> <td>39% (33+6) </td> <td>39% </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="red">  </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Social Democratic Party of Germany">SPD</a> </td> <td style="background:#bbb;">21.5% </td> <td>28% </td> <td>27% </td> <td>28% </td> <td>26% </td> <td>25% </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="green">  </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alliance_%2790/The_Greens" class="mw-redirect" title="Alliance '90/The Greens">The Greens</a> </td> <td style="background:#bbb;">11.9% </td> <td>13% </td> <td>13% </td> <td>12% </td> <td>12% </td> <td>10% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:yellow;">  </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Free_Democratic_Party_(Germany)" title="Free Democratic Party (Germany)">FDP</a> </td> <td style="background:#bbb;">6.1% </td> <td>10% </td> <td>10% </td> <td>10% </td> <td>9% </td> <td>10% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:darkred;">  </td> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Left_(Germany)" title="The Left (Germany)">The Left</a> </td> <td style="background:#bbb;">6.1% </td> <td>8% </td> <td>6% </td> <td>8% </td> <td>7% </td> <td>8% </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="grey">  </td> <td>Other </td> <td style="background:#bbb;">9.8% </td> <td>5% </td> <td>5% </td> <td>5% </td> <td>7% </td> <td>8% </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Of particular interest in the European elections was the performance of the conservative CSU. The party only stands for election in the state of <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a>, instead of its nationwide "sister party", CDU, where it has traditionally been the dominating party, winning absolute majorities for decades. As the CSU's share of votes has to be above 5% on the national level to gain seats in the European Parliament, it must gain at least 35% of the Bavarian electorate to pass this threshold. While the CSU had still won 58% in the <a href="/wiki/2003_Bavaria_state_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2003 Bavaria state election">2003 Bavaria state election</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/2008_Bavaria_state_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2008 Bavaria state election">state elections in 2008</a>, its share plummeted to only 43.4%, which was only about 6% on the national level.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite these fears, in this European election, the CSU gained 7.2% on the national level. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Results">Results</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Germany&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"><caption></caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="6" style="text-align:center;color:black;background:#F8F9FA"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2009_Europarliament_election_in_Germany.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/2009_Europarliament_election_in_Germany.svg/360px-2009_Europarliament_election_in_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="360" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/2009_Europarliament_election_in_Germany.svg/540px-2009_Europarliament_election_in_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/2009_Europarliament_election_in_Germany.svg/720px-2009_Europarliament_election_in_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></th></tr><tr><th scope="col" colspan="2">Party</th><th scope="col">Votes</th><th scope="col">%</th><th scope="col">Seats</th><th scope="col">+/–</th></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#151518"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Union_of_Germany" title="Christian Democratic Union of Germany">Christian Democratic Union</a></td><td style="text-align:right">8,071,391</td><td style="text-align:right">30.65</td><td style="text-align:right">34</td><td style="text-align:right">−6</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#E3000F"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Social Democratic Party of Germany">Social Democratic Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">5,472,566</td><td style="text-align:right">20.78</td><td style="text-align:right">23</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#409A3C"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Alliance_90/The_Greens" title="Alliance 90/The Greens">Alliance 90/The Greens</a></td><td style="text-align:right">3,194,509</td><td style="text-align:right">12.13</td><td style="text-align:right">14</td><td style="text-align:right">+1</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#FFED00"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Free_Democratic_Party_(Germany)" title="Free Democratic Party (Germany)">Free Democratic Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">2,888,084</td><td style="text-align:right">10.97</td><td style="text-align:right">12</td><td style="text-align:right">+5</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#BE3075"></td><td><a href="/wiki/The_Left_(Germany)" title="The Left (Germany)">The Left</a></td><td style="text-align:right">1,969,239</td><td style="text-align:right">7.48</td><td style="text-align:right">8</td><td style="text-align:right">+1</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#008AC5"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Christian_Social_Union_in_Bavaria" title="Christian Social Union in Bavaria">Christian Social Union</a></td><td style="text-align:right">1,896,762</td><td style="text-align:right">7.20</td><td style="text-align:right">8</td><td style="text-align:right">−1</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F7A800"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Free_Voters" title="Free Voters">Free Voters</a></td><td style="text-align:right">442,579</td><td style="text-align:right">1.68</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#0075BE"></td><td><a href="/wiki/The_Republicans_(Germany)" title="The Republicans (Germany)">The Republicans</a></td><td style="text-align:right">347,887</td><td style="text-align:right">1.32</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#00545F"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Human_Environment_Animal_Protection_Party" title="Human Environment Animal Protection Party">Human Environment Animal Protection Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">289,694</td><td style="text-align:right">1.10</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#E16B0B"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Family_Party_of_Germany" title="Family Party of Germany">Family Party of Germany</a></td><td style="text-align:right">252,121</td><td style="text-align:right">0.96</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#FF820A"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Pirate_Party_Germany" title="Pirate Party Germany">Pirate Party Germany</a></td><td style="text-align:right">229,464</td><td style="text-align:right">0.87</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Pensioners Party Germany</td><td style="text-align:right">212,501</td><td style="text-align:right">0.81</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#FF6400"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ecological_Democratic_Party" title="Ecological Democratic Party">Ecological Democratic Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">134,893</td><td style="text-align:right">0.51</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#AA4422"></td><td><a href="/wiki/German_People%27s_Union" title="German People's Union">German People's Union</a></td><td style="text-align:right">111,695</td><td style="text-align:right">0.42</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Retirees' Party</td><td style="text-align:right">102,174</td><td style="text-align:right">0.39</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#FFA500"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Feminist_Party_of_Germany" title="Feminist Party of Germany">Feminist Party of Germany</a></td><td style="text-align:right">86,663</td><td style="text-align:right">0.33</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#FF6666"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Party_of_Bible-abiding_Christians" title="Party of Bible-abiding Christians">Party of Bible-abiding Christians</a></td><td style="text-align:right">80,688</td><td style="text-align:right">0.31</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ab_jetzt_%E2%80%A6_Demokratie_durch_Volksabstimmung" class="extiw" title="de:Ab jetzt … Demokratie durch Volksabstimmung">From now on... Democracy by Referendum</a></td><td style="text-align:right">69,656</td><td style="text-align:right">0.26</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>50Plus</td><td style="text-align:right">68,578</td><td style="text-align:right">0.26</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Grey Panthers</td><td style="text-align:right">57,775</td><td style="text-align:right">0.22</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#386ABC"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Bavaria_Party" title="Bavaria Party">Bavaria Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">55,779</td><td style="text-align:right">0.21</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#EE82EE"></td><td><a href="/wiki/The_Violets_(political_party)" title="The Violets (political party)">The Violets</a></td><td style="text-align:right">46,355</td><td style="text-align:right">0.18</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>For Referendums</td><td style="text-align:right">39,996</td><td style="text-align:right">0.15</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#00BFFF"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Christian_Centre" title="Christian Centre">Christian Centre</a></td><td style="text-align:right">39,953</td><td style="text-align:right">0.15</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Party_for_Labour,_Environment_and_Family" title="Party for Labour, Environment and Family">Party for Labour, Environment and Family</a></td><td style="text-align:right">37,894</td><td style="text-align:right">0.14</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Departure for Civil Rights, Freedom and Health</td><td style="text-align:right">31,013</td><td style="text-align:right">0.12</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Free Citizens' Initiative</td><td style="text-align:right">30,885</td><td style="text-align:right">0.12</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#ED1C24"></td><td><a href="/wiki/German_Communist_Party" title="German Communist Party">German Communist Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">25,615</td><td style="text-align:right">0.10</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#FF9000"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Newropeans" title="Newropeans">Newropeans</a></td><td style="text-align:right">14,708</td><td style="text-align:right">0.06</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#7cc03a"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Europe%E2%80%93Democracy%E2%80%93Esperanto" title="Europe–Democracy–Esperanto">Europe–Democracy–Esperanto</a></td><td style="text-align:right">11,772</td><td style="text-align:right">0.04</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#003366"></td><td><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCrgerrechtsbewegung_Solidarit%C3%A4t" title="Bürgerrechtsbewegung Solidarität">Bürgerrechtsbewegung Solidarität</a></td><td style="text-align:right">10,909</td><td style="text-align:right">0.04</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#BA141A"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Equality_Party_(Germany)" title="Socialist Equality Party (Germany)">Party for Social Equality</a></td><td style="text-align:right">9,646</td><td style="text-align:right">0.04</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="font-weight:bold"><td colspan="2">Total</td><td style="text-align:right">26,333,444</td><td style="text-align:right">100.00</td><td style="text-align:right">99</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr class="sortbottom"><td colspan="6" style="color:black;background:#eaecf0"></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right"><th scope="row" colspan="2" style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal;color:inherit;background:inherit">Valid votes</th><td>26,333,444</td><td>97.81</td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right"><th scope="row" colspan="2" style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal;color:inherit;background:inherit">Invalid/blank votes</th><td>590,170</td><td>2.19</td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="font-weight:bold;text-align:right"><th scope="row" colspan="2" style="text-align:left;background:inherit;color:inherit">Total votes</th><td>26,923,614</td><td>100.00</td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right"><th scope="row" colspan="2" style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal;color:inherit;background:inherit">Registered voters/turnout</th><td>62,222,873</td><td>43.27</td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right"><td colspan="6" style="text-align:left">Source: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110913174013/http://www.bundeswahlleiter.de/de/europawahlen/downloads/ew_ab79_ergebnisse.pdf">Federal Statistics Office</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Results_by_state">Results by state</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Germany&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Results by state"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Results for each party by state.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%;line-height:14px"> <tbody><tr style="height:40px;"> <th style="width:200px;" rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/States_of_Germany" title="States of Germany">State</a> </th> <th style="width:40px;"><a href="/wiki/CDU/CSU" title="CDU/CSU">Union</a> </th> <th style="width:40px;"><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Social Democratic Party of Germany">SPD</a> </th> <th style="width:40px;"><a href="/wiki/Alliance_90/The_Greens" title="Alliance 90/The Greens">Grüne</a> </th> <th style="width:40px;"><a href="/wiki/Free_Democratic_Party_(Germany)" title="Free Democratic Party (Germany)">FDP</a> </th> <th style="width:40px;"><a href="/wiki/The_Left_(Germany)" title="The Left (Germany)">Linke</a> </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:40px;" rowspan="2">Others </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#151518;"> </th> <th style="background:#E3000F;"> </th> <th style="background:#409A3C;"> </th> <th style="background:#FFED00;"> </th> <th style="background:#BE3075;"> </th></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Baden-Württemberg">Baden-Württemberg</a> </td> <td style="background:#D7D5D7;"><b>38.7</b> </td> <td>18.1 </td> <td>15.0 </td> <td>14.1 </td> <td>3.0 </td> <td>11.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_Bavaria_%28lozengy%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bavaria_%28lozengy%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_Bavaria_%28lozengy%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bavaria_%28lozengy%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_Bavaria_%28lozengy%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bavaria_%28lozengy%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a> </td> <td style="background:#D7D5D7;"><b>48.1</b> </td> <td>12.9 </td> <td>11.5 </td> <td>9.0 </td> <td>2.3 </td> <td>16.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Berlin.svg/23px-Flag_of_Berlin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Berlin.svg/35px-Flag_of_Berlin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Berlin.svg/46px-Flag_of_Berlin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a> </td> <td style="background:#D7D5D7;"><b>24.3</b> </td> <td>18.8 </td> <td>23.6 </td> <td>8.7 </td> <td>14.7 </td> <td>9.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Brandenburg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Brandenburg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Brandenburg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Brandenburg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Brandenburg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Brandenburg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Brandenburg" title="Brandenburg">Brandenburg</a> (formerly part of <a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">East Germany</a>) </td> <td>22.5 </td> <td>22.8 </td> <td>8.4 </td> <td>7.4 </td> <td style="background:#F3CFE0;"><b>26.0</b> </td> <td>13.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Flag_of_Bremen.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bremen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Flag_of_Bremen.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bremen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Flag_of_Bremen.svg/45px-Flag_of_Bremen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bremen_(state)" title="Bremen (state)">Bremen</a> </td> <td>24.5 </td> <td style="background:#FFCCCC"><b>29.3</b> </td> <td>22.1 </td> <td>8.9 </td> <td>7.2 </td> <td>8.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Flag_of_Hamburg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hamburg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Flag_of_Hamburg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hamburg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Flag_of_Hamburg.svg/45px-Flag_of_Hamburg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a> </td> <td style="background:#D7D5D7;"><b>29.7</b> </td> <td>25.4 </td> <td>20.5 </td> <td>11.1 </td> <td>6.7 </td> <td>6.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Hesse.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hesse.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Hesse.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hesse.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Hesse.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hesse.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Hesse" title="Hesse">Hesse</a> </td> <td style="background:#D7D5D7;"><b>36.4</b> </td> <td>24.4 </td> <td>15.0 </td> <td>12.6 </td> <td>3.9 </td> <td>7.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Flag_of_Lower_Saxony.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lower_Saxony.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Flag_of_Lower_Saxony.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lower_Saxony.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Flag_of_Lower_Saxony.svg/45px-Flag_of_Lower_Saxony.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Lower_Saxony" title="Lower Saxony">Lower Saxony</a> </td> <td style="background:#D7D5D7;"><b>39.2</b> </td> <td>27.3 </td> <td>12.5 </td> <td>10.2 </td> <td>4.0 </td> <td>6.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Mecklenburg-Western_Pomerania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mecklenburg-Western_Pomerania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Mecklenburg-Western_Pomerania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mecklenburg-Western_Pomerania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Mecklenburg-Western_Pomerania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mecklenburg-Western_Pomerania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mecklenburg-Vorpommern" title="Mecklenburg-Vorpommern">Mecklenburg-Vorpommern</a> (formerly part of <a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">East Germany</a>) </td> <td style="background:#D7D5D7;"><b>32.3</b> </td> <td>16.7 </td> <td>5.5 </td> <td>7.6 </td> <td>23.5 </td> <td>14.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_North_Rhine-Westphalia.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Rhine-Westphalia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_North_Rhine-Westphalia.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Rhine-Westphalia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_North_Rhine-Westphalia.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Rhine-Westphalia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/North_Rhine-Westphalia" title="North Rhine-Westphalia">North Rhine-Westphalia</a> </td> <td style="background:#D7D5D7;"><b>38.0</b> </td> <td>25.6 </td> <td>12.5 </td> <td>12.3 </td> <td>4.6 </td> <td>7.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Rhineland-Palatinate.svg/23px-Flag_of_Rhineland-Palatinate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Rhineland-Palatinate.svg/35px-Flag_of_Rhineland-Palatinate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Rhineland-Palatinate.svg/45px-Flag_of_Rhineland-Palatinate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Rhineland-Palatinate" title="Rhineland-Palatinate">Rhineland-Palatinate</a> </td> <td style="background:#D7D5D7;"><b>39.8</b> </td> <td>25.7 </td> <td>9.5 </td> <td>11.2 </td> <td>3.5 </td> <td>10.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Saarland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saarland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Saarland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saarland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Saarland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Saarland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Saarland" title="Saarland">Saarland</a> </td> <td style="background:#D7D5D7;"><b>35.9</b> </td> <td>26.6 </td> <td>7.7 </td> <td>8.1 </td> <td>12.0 </td> <td>9.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Saxony.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saxony.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Saxony.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saxony.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Saxony.svg/46px-Flag_of_Saxony.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Saxony" title="Saxony">Saxony</a> (formerly part of <a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">East Germany</a>) </td> <td style="background:#D7D5D7;"><b>35.3</b> </td> <td>11.7 </td> <td>6.7 </td> <td>9.8 </td> <td>20.1 </td> <td>16.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flag_of_Saxony-Anhalt_%28state%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saxony-Anhalt_%28state%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flag_of_Saxony-Anhalt_%28state%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saxony-Anhalt_%28state%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flag_of_Saxony-Anhalt_%28state%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Saxony-Anhalt_%28state%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Saxony-Anhalt" title="Saxony-Anhalt">Saxony-Anhalt</a> (formerly part of <a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">East Germany</a>) </td> <td style="background:#D7D5D7;"><b>29.1</b> </td> <td>18.1 </td> <td>5.4 </td> <td>8.6 </td> <td>23.6 </td> <td>15.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Schleswig-Holstein.svg/23px-Flag_of_Schleswig-Holstein.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Schleswig-Holstein.svg/35px-Flag_of_Schleswig-Holstein.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Schleswig-Holstein.svg/46px-Flag_of_Schleswig-Holstein.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Schleswig-Holstein" title="Schleswig-Holstein">Schleswig-Holstein</a> </td> <td style="background:#D7D5D7;"><b>37.9</b> </td> <td>24.6 </td> <td>13.5 </td> <td>12.7 </td> <td>3.9 </td> <td>7.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Thuringia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thuringia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Thuringia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thuringia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Thuringia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Thuringia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="250" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Thuringia" title="Thuringia">Thuringia</a> (formerly part of <a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">East Germany</a>) </td> <td style="background:#D7D5D7;"><b>31.1</b> </td> <td>15.7 </td> <td>5.8 </td> <td>8.2 </td> <td>23.8 </td> <td>15.4 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Germany&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output 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a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160127054538/http://www.elections2009-results.eu/en/germany_en.html#ancre4">"European election results 2009 for Germany"</a>. <i>Elections2009-results.eu</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elections2009-results.eu/en/germany_en.html#ancre4">the original</a> on 27 January 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 June</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Elections2009-results.eu&rft.atitle=European+election+results+2009+for+Germany&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elections2009-results.eu%2Fen%2Fgermany_en.html%23ancre4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2009+European+Parliament+election+in+Germany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bverfg.de/entscheidungen/cs20111109_2bvc000410.html">"Bundesverfassungsgericht – Entscheidungen – Verfassungswidrigkeit der Fünfprozentklausel bei Europawahlen – ungerechtfertigte Verletzung der Wahlrechtsgleichheit und Chancengleichheit"</a>. <i>Bverfg.de</i> (in German). 9 November 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 July</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bverfg.de&rft.atitle=Bundesverfassungsgericht+%E2%80%93+Entscheidungen+%E2%80%93+Verfassungswidrigkeit+der+F%C3%BCnfprozentklausel+bei+Europawahlen+%E2%80%93+ungerechtfertigte+Verletzung+der+Wahlrechtsgleichheit+und+Chancengleichheit&rft.date=2011-11-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bverfg.de%2Fentscheidungen%2Fcs20111109_2bvc000410.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2009+European+Parliament+election+in+Germany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160407110436/https://www.bundeswahlleiter.de/de/europawahlen/EU_BUND_09/ergebnisse/landesergebnisse/l09/">"Übersicht"</a>. <i>Bundeswahlleiter.de</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bundeswahlleiter.de/de/europawahlen/EU_BUND_09/ergebnisse/landesergebnisse/l09/">the original</a> on 7 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 July</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bundeswahlleiter.de&rft.atitle=%C3%9Cbersicht&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bundeswahlleiter.de%2Fde%2Feuropawahlen%2FEU_BUND_09%2Fergebnisse%2Flandesergebnisse%2Fl09%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2009+European+Parliament+election+in+Germany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-um-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-um_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-um_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-um_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-um_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-um_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilko_Zicht_and_Matthias_Cantow" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Wilko Zicht and Matthias Cantow. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wahlrecht.de/umfragen/europawahl.htm">"Sonntagsfrage – Europawahl"</a> (in German)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 May</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sonntagsfrage+%E2%80%93+Europawahl&rft.au=Wilko+Zicht+and+Matthias+Cantow&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wahlrecht.de%2Fumfragen%2Feuropawahl.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2009+European+Parliament+election+in+Germany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prcenter.de/Europawahl-2009-Scheitert-die-CSU-an-der-bundesweiten-Fuenf-Prozent-Klausel-.29948.html">"Europawahl 2009: Scheitert die CSU an der bundesweiten Fünf-Prozent-Klausel?"</a>. <i>Prcenter.de</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 July</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Prcenter.de&rft.atitle=Europawahl+2009%3A+Scheitert+die+CSU+an+der+bundesweiten+F%C3%BCnf-Prozent-Klausel%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.prcenter.de%2FEuropawahl-2009-Scheitert-die-CSU-an-der-bundesweiten-Fuenf-Prozent-Klausel-.29948.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2009+European+Parliament+election+in+Germany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-auto_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOfficer" class="citation web cs1">Officer, The Federal Returning. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bundeswahlleiterin.de/en/europawahlen/2009.html">"European Parliament election 2009 - The Federal Returning Officer"</a>. <i>www.bundeswahlleiter.de</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bundeswahlleiter.de&rft.atitle=European+Parliament+election+2009+-+The+Federal+Returning+Officer&rft.aulast=Officer&rft.aufirst=The+Federal+Returning&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bundeswahlleiterin.de%2Fen%2Feuropawahlen%2F2009.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2009+European+Parliament+election+in+Germany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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European Parliament election in Greenland">Greenland</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_European_Parliament_election_in_France" title="1979 European Parliament election in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_European_Parliament_election_in_Ireland" title="1979 European Parliament election in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_European_Parliament_election_in_Italy" title="1979 European Parliament election in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_European_Parliament_election_in_Luxembourg" title="1979 European Parliament election in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="1979 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="1979 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_European_Parliament_election_in_West_Germany" title="1979 European Parliament election in West Germany">West Germany</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/1984_European_Parliament_election" title="1984 European Parliament election">1984</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1984_European_Parliament_election_in_Belgium" title="1984 European Parliament election in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_European_Parliament_election_in_Denmark" title="1984 European Parliament election in Denmark">Denmark</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(including <a href="/wiki/1984_European_Parliament_election_in_Greenland" title="1984 European Parliament election in Greenland">Greenland</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_European_Parliament_election_in_France" title="1984 European Parliament election in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_European_Parliament_election_in_Greece" title="1984 European Parliament election in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_European_Parliament_election_in_Ireland" title="1984 European Parliament election in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_European_Parliament_election_in_Italy" title="1984 European Parliament election in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_European_Parliament_election_in_Luxembourg" title="1984 European Parliament election in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="1984 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="1984 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_European_Parliament_election_in_West_Germany" title="1984 European Parliament election in West Germany">West Germany</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/1989_European_Parliament_election" title="1989 European Parliament election">1989</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1989_European_Parliament_election_in_Belgium" title="1989 European Parliament election in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_European_Parliament_election_in_Denmark" title="1989 European Parliament election in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_European_Parliament_election_in_France" title="1989 European Parliament election in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_European_Parliament_election_in_Greece" title="1989 European Parliament election in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_European_Parliament_election_in_Ireland" title="1989 European Parliament election in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_European_Parliament_election_in_Italy" title="1989 European Parliament election in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_European_Parliament_election_in_Luxembourg" title="1989 European Parliament election in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="1989 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_European_Parliament_election_in_Portugal" title="1989 European Parliament election in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_European_Parliament_election_in_Spain" title="1989 European Parliament election in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="1989 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_European_Parliament_election_in_West_Germany" title="1989 European Parliament election in West Germany">West Germany</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/1994_European_Parliament_election" title="1994 European Parliament election">1994</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1994_European_Parliament_election_in_Belgium" title="1994 European Parliament election in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_European_Parliament_election_in_Denmark" title="1994 European Parliament election in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_European_Parliament_election_in_France" title="1994 European Parliament election in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_European_Parliament_election_in_Germany" title="1994 European Parliament election in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_European_Parliament_election_in_Greece" title="1994 European Parliament election in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_European_Parliament_election_in_Ireland" title="1994 European Parliament election in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_European_Parliament_election_in_Italy" title="1994 European Parliament election in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_European_Parliament_election_in_Luxembourg" title="1994 European Parliament election in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="1994 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_European_Parliament_election_in_Portugal" title="1994 European Parliament election in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_European_Parliament_election_in_Spain" title="1994 European Parliament election in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="1994 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election" title="1999 European Parliament election">1999</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_Austria" title="1999 European Parliament election in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_Belgium" title="1999 European Parliament election in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_Denmark" title="1999 European Parliament election in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_Finland" title="1999 European Parliament election in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_France" title="1999 European Parliament election in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_Germany" title="1999 European Parliament election in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_Greece" title="1999 European Parliament election in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_Ireland" title="1999 European Parliament election in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_Italy" title="1999 European Parliament election in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_Luxembourg" title="1999 European Parliament election in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="1999 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_Portugal" title="1999 European Parliament election in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_Spain" title="1999 European Parliament election in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_Sweden" title="1999 European Parliament election in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="1999 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election" title="2004 European Parliament election">2004</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Austria" title="2004 European Parliament election in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Belgium" title="2004 European Parliament election in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Cyprus" title="2004 European Parliament election in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="2004 European Parliament election in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Denmark" title="2004 European Parliament election in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Estonia" title="2004 European Parliament election in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Finland" title="2004 European Parliament election in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_France" title="2004 European Parliament election in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Germany" title="2004 European Parliament election in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Greece" title="2004 European Parliament election in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Hungary" title="2004 European Parliament election in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Ireland" title="2004 European Parliament election in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Italy" title="2004 European Parliament election in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Latvia" title="2004 European Parliament election in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Lithuania" title="2004 European Parliament election in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Luxembourg" title="2004 European Parliament election in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Malta" title="2004 European Parliament election in Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="2004 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Poland" title="2004 European Parliament election in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Portugal" title="2004 European Parliament election in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Slovakia" title="2004 European Parliament election in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Slovenia" title="2004 European Parliament election in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Spain" title="2004 European Parliament election in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Sweden" title="2004 European Parliament election in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="2004 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(including <a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Gibraltar" title="2004 European Parliament election in Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a>)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election" title="2009 European Parliament election">2009</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Austria" title="2009 European Parliament election in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Belgium" title="2009 European Parliament election in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Bulgaria" title="2009 European Parliament election in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Cyprus" title="2009 European Parliament election in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="2009 European Parliament election in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Denmark" title="2009 European Parliament election in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Estonia" title="2009 European Parliament election in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Finland" title="2009 European Parliament election in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_France" title="2009 European Parliament election in France">France</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Greece" title="2009 European Parliament election in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Hungary" title="2009 European Parliament election in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Ireland" title="2009 European Parliament election in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Italy" title="2009 European Parliament election in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Latvia" title="2009 European Parliament election in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Lithuania" title="2009 European Parliament election in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Luxembourg" title="2009 European Parliament election in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Malta" title="2009 European Parliament election in Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="2009 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Poland" title="2009 European Parliament election in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Portugal" title="2009 European Parliament election in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Romania" title="2009 European Parliament election in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Slovakia" title="2009 European Parliament election in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Slovenia" title="2009 European Parliament election in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Spain" title="2009 European Parliament election in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Sweden" title="2009 European Parliament election in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="2009 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(including <a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Gibraltar" title="2009 European Parliament election in Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a>)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election" title="2014 European Parliament election">2014</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Austria" title="2014 European Parliament election in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Belgium" title="2014 European Parliament election in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Bulgaria" title="2014 European Parliament election in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Croatia" title="2014 European Parliament election in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Cyprus" title="2014 European Parliament election in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="2014 European Parliament election in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Denmark" title="2014 European Parliament election in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Estonia" title="2014 European Parliament election in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Finland" title="2014 European Parliament election in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_France" title="2014 European Parliament election in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Germany" title="2014 European Parliament election in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Greece" title="2014 European Parliament election in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Hungary" title="2014 European Parliament election in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Ireland" title="2014 European Parliament election in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Italy" title="2014 European Parliament election in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Latvia" title="2014 European Parliament election in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Lithuania" title="2014 European Parliament election in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Luxembourg" title="2014 European Parliament election in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Malta" title="2014 European Parliament election in Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="2014 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Poland" title="2014 European Parliament election in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Portugal" title="2014 European Parliament election in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Romania" title="2014 European Parliament election in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Slovakia" title="2014 European Parliament election in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Slovenia" title="2014 European Parliament election in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Spain" title="2014 European Parliament election in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Sweden" title="2014 European Parliament election in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="2014 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(including <a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Gibraltar" title="2014 European Parliament election in Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a>)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election" title="2019 European Parliament election">2019</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Austria" title="2019 European Parliament election in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Belgium" title="2019 European Parliament election in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Bulgaria" title="2019 European Parliament election in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Croatia" title="2019 European Parliament election in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Cyprus" title="2019 European Parliament election in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="2019 European Parliament election in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Denmark" title="2019 European Parliament election in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Estonia" title="2019 European Parliament election in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Finland" title="2019 European Parliament election in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_France" title="2019 European Parliament election in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Germany" title="2019 European Parliament election in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Greece" title="2019 European Parliament election in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Hungary" title="2019 European Parliament election in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Ireland" title="2019 European Parliament election in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Italy" title="2019 European Parliament election in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Latvia" title="2019 European Parliament election in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Lithuania" title="2019 European Parliament election in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Luxembourg" title="2019 European Parliament election in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Malta" title="2019 European Parliament election in Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="2019 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Poland" title="2019 European Parliament election in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Portugal" title="2019 European Parliament election in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Romania" title="2019 European Parliament election in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Slovakia" title="2019 European Parliament election in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Slovenia" title="2019 European Parliament election in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Spain" title="2019 European Parliament election in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Sweden" title="2019 European Parliament election in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="2019 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(including <a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Gibraltar" title="2019 European Parliament election in Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a>)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election" title="2024 European Parliament election">2024</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Austria" title="2024 European Parliament election in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Belgium" title="2024 European Parliament election in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Bulgaria" title="2024 European Parliament election in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Croatia" title="2024 European Parliament election in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Cyprus" title="2024 European Parliament election in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="2024 European Parliament election in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Denmark" title="2024 European Parliament election in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Estonia" title="2024 European Parliament election in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Finland" title="2024 European Parliament election in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_France" title="2024 European Parliament election in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Germany" title="2024 European Parliament election in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Greece" title="2024 European Parliament election in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Hungary" title="2024 European Parliament election in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Ireland" title="2024 European Parliament election in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Italy" title="2024 European Parliament election in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Latvia" title="2024 European Parliament election in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Lithuania" title="2024 European Parliament election in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Luxembourg" title="2024 European Parliament election in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Malta" title="2024 European Parliament election in Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_the_Netherlands" title="2024 European Parliament election in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Poland" title="2024 European Parliament election in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Portugal" title="2024 European Parliament election in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Romania" title="2024 European Parliament election in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Slovakia" title="2024 European Parliament election in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Slovenia" title="2024 European Parliament election in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Spain" title="2024 European Parliament election in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Sweden" title="2024 European Parliament election in Sweden">Sweden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Off-year</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1981_European_Parliament_election_in_Greece" title="1981 European Parliament election in Greece">Greece (1981)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_European_Parliament_election_in_Portugal" title="1987 European Parliament election in Portugal">Portugal (1987)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_European_Parliament_election_in_Spain" title="1987 European Parliament election in Spain">Spain (1987)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_European_Parliament_election_in_Sweden" title="1995 European Parliament election in Sweden">Sweden (1995)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_European_Parliament_election_in_Austria" title="1996 European Parliament election in Austria">Austria (1996)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_European_Parliament_election_in_Finland" title="1996 European Parliament election in Finland">Finland (1996)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_European_Parliament_election_in_Bulgaria" title="2007 European Parliament election in Bulgaria">Bulgaria (2007)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_European_Parliament_election_in_Romania" title="2007 European Parliament election in Romania">Romania (2007)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_European_Parliament_election_in_Croatia" title="2013 European Parliament election in Croatia">Croatia (2013)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_Parliament_by-elections_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of European Parliament by-elections in the United Kingdom">UK by-elections (1979–1998)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Germany&#124;link=Germany_Elections_and_referendums_in_Germany" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:German_elections" title="Template:German elections"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:German_elections" title="Template talk:German elections"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:German_elections" title="Special:EditPage/Template:German elections"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Germany&#124;link=Germany_Elections_and_referendums_in_Germany" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Germany" title="Elections in Germany">Elections and referendums in Germany</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parliamentary elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1848_German_federal_election" title="1848 German federal election">1848</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_1867_North_German_federal_election" title="February 1867 North German federal election">1867 (Feb)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_1867_North_German_federal_election" title="August 1867 North German federal election">1867 (Aug)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_Zollparlament_election" title="1868 Zollparlament election">1868</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1871_German_federal_election" title="1871 German federal election">1871</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1874_German_federal_election" title="1874 German federal election">1874</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1877_German_federal_election" title="1877 German federal election">1877</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1878_German_federal_election" title="1878 German federal election">1878</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1881_German_federal_election" title="1881 German federal election">1881</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1884_German_federal_election" title="1884 German federal election">1884</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1887_German_federal_election" title="1887 German federal election">1887</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1890_German_federal_election" title="1890 German federal election">1890</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1893_German_federal_election" title="1893 German federal election">1893</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1898_German_federal_election" title="1898 German federal election">1898</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1903_German_federal_election" title="1903 German federal election">1903</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1907_German_federal_election" title="1907 German federal election">1907</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1912_German_federal_election" title="1912 German federal election">1912</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1919_German_federal_election" title="1919 German federal election">1919</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1920_German_federal_election" title="1920 German federal election">1920</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_1924_German_federal_election" title="May 1924 German federal election">1924 (May)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_1924_German_federal_election" title="December 1924 German federal election">1924 (Dec)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1928_German_federal_election" title="1928 German federal election">1928</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1930_German_federal_election" title="1930 German federal election">1930</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_1932_German_federal_election" title="July 1932 German federal election">1932 (July)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_1932_German_federal_election" title="November 1932 German federal election">1932 (Nov)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_1933_German_federal_election" title="March 1933 German federal election">1933 (Mar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_1933_German_parliamentary_election" title="November 1933 German parliamentary election">1933 (Nov)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936_German_parliamentary_election_and_referendum" title="1936 German parliamentary election and referendum">1936</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1938_German_parliamentary_election_and_referendum" title="1938 German parliamentary election and referendum">1938</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1949_West_German_federal_election" title="1949 West German federal election">1949</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1953_West_German_federal_election" title="1953 West German federal election">1953</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1957_West_German_federal_election" title="1957 West German federal election">1957</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1961_West_German_federal_election" title="1961 West German federal election">1961</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1965_West_German_federal_election" title="1965 West German federal election">1965</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1969_West_German_federal_election" title="1969 West German federal election">1969</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_West_German_federal_election" title="1972 West German federal election">1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_West_German_federal_election" title="1976 West German federal election">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_West_German_federal_election" title="1980 West German federal election">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_West_German_federal_election" title="1983 West German federal election">1983</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_West_German_federal_election" title="1987 West German federal election">1987</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_German_federal_election" title="1990 German federal election">1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_German_federal_election" title="1994 German federal election">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_German_federal_election" title="1998 German federal election">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_German_federal_election" title="2002 German federal election">2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_German_federal_election" title="2005 German federal election">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_German_federal_election" title="2009 German federal election">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_German_federal_election" title="2013 German federal election">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_German_federal_election" title="2017 German federal election">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_German_federal_election" title="2021 German federal election">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2025_German_federal_election" title="2025 German federal election"><i>2025</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/President_of_Germany_(1919%E2%80%931945)" title="President of Germany (1919–1945)">Presidential elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1925_German_presidential_election" title="1925 German presidential election">1925</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_German_presidential_election" title="1932 German presidential election">1932</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Elections in the European Union">European elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1979_European_Parliament_election_in_West_Germany" title="1979 European Parliament election in West Germany">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_European_Parliament_election_in_West_Germany" title="1984 European Parliament election in West Germany">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_European_Parliament_election_in_West_Germany" title="1989 European Parliament election in West Germany">1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_European_Parliament_election_in_Germany" title="1994 European Parliament election in Germany">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_Germany" title="1999 European Parliament election in Germany">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_Germany" title="2004 European Parliament election in Germany">2004</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Germany" title="2014 European Parliament election in Germany">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Germany" title="2019 European Parliament election in Germany">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Germany" title="2024 European Parliament election in Germany">2024</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Referendums_in_Germany" title="Referendums in Germany">Referendums</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1926_German_property_expropriation_referendum" title="1926 German property expropriation referendum">1926</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1929_German_Young_Plan_referendum" title="1929 German Young Plan referendum">1929</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1933_German_League_of_Nations_withdrawal_referendum" title="1933 German League of Nations withdrawal referendum">1933</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1934_German_head_of_state_referendum" title="1934 German head of state referendum">1934</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936_German_parliamentary_election_and_referendum" title="1936 German parliamentary election and referendum">1936</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1938_German_parliamentary_election_and_referendum" title="1938 German parliamentary election and referendum">1938</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dd><b>See also: Elections and referendums in</b> <a href="/wiki/Template:Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg_state_elections" title="Template:Baden-Württemberg state elections">Baden-Württemberg</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Bavaria_state_elections" title="Template:Bavaria state elections">Bavaria</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Berlin_state_elections" title="Template:Berlin state elections">Berlin</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Brandenburg_state_elections" title="Template:Brandenburg state elections">Brandenburg</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Bremen_state_elections" title="Template:Bremen state elections">Bremen</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Hamburg_state_elections" title="Template:Hamburg state elections">Hamburg</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Hesse_state_elections" title="Template:Hesse state elections">Hesse</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Lower_Saxony_state_election" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Lower Saxony state election">Lower Saxony</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Mecklenburg-Vorpommern_state_election" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Mecklenburg-Vorpommern state election">Mecklenburg-Vorpommern</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:North_Rhine-Westphalia_state_election" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:North Rhine-Westphalia state election">North Rhine-Westphalia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Rhineland-Palatinate_state_elections" title="Template:Rhineland-Palatinate state elections">Rhineland-Palatinate</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Saarland_state_elections" title="Template:Saarland state elections">Saarland</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Saxony_state_elections" title="Template:Saxony state elections">Saxony</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Saxony-Anhalt_state_elections" title="Template:Saxony-Anhalt state elections">Saxony-Anhalt</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Schleswig-Holstein_state_elections" title="Template:Schleswig-Holstein state elections">Schleswig-Holstein</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Thuringia_state_elections" title="Template:Thuringia state elections">Thuringia</a></dd> <dd><b>former:</b> <a href="/wiki/Template:East_German_elections" title="Template:East German elections">East Germany</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Prussian_state_elections" title="Template:Prussian state elections">Free State of Prussia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/East_Prussian_Provinzialtag_elections_in_the_Weimar_Republic" title="East Prussian Provinzialtag elections in the Weimar Republic">East Prussia</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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