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class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet 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Available in 20 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-20" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">20 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sn%C4%9Bhov%C3%A1_fr%C3%A9za" title="Sněhová fréza – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sněhová fréza" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sneslynge" title="Sneslynge – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sneslynge" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schneefr%C3%A4se" title="Schneefräse – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Schneefräse" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%BA%CF%87%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%BC%CE%B7%CF%87%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B1" title="Εκχιονιστικό μηχάνημα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εκχιονιστικό μηχάνημα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ne%C4%9Doblovilo" title="Neĝoblovilo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Neĝoblovilo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%81%E2%80%8C%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%B1" title="برف‌خور – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="برف‌خور" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Souffleuse_%C3%A0_neige" title="Souffleuse à neige – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Souffleuse à neige" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%81%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D6%84%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%B9" title="Ձյունամաքրիչ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ձյունամաքրիչ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penyapu_salju" title="Penyapu salju – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Penyapu salju" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sgombraneve" title="Sgombraneve – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sgombraneve" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%AA%E3%81%8B%E3%81%8D%E8%BB%8A" title="雪かき車 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="雪かき車" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sn%C3%B8freser" title="Snøfreser – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Snøfreser" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sn%C3%B8fresar" title="Snøfresar – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Snøfresar" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snow_blower" title="Snow blower – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Snow blower" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_(%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0)" title="Снегоочиститель (путевая машина) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Снегоочиститель (путевая машина)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumilinko" title="Lumilinko – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Lumilinko" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sn%C3%B6slunga" title="Snöslunga – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Snöslunga" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%8A%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF" title="பனி ஊதி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பனி ஊதி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kar_temizleme_makinesi" title="Kar temizleme makinesi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kar temizleme makinesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_(%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0)" title="Снігоочисник (колійна машина) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Снігоочисник (колійна машина)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Tool for snow removal</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Honda_hs1136_snowblower.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Honda_hs1136_snowblower.jpg/220px-Honda_hs1136_snowblower.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Honda_hs1136_snowblower.jpg/330px-Honda_hs1136_snowblower.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Honda_hs1136_snowblower.jpg/440px-Honda_hs1136_snowblower.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>A heavy-duty walk-behind two-stage snow blower.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Schneefr%C3%A4se_0126.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Schneefr%C3%A4se_0126.jpg/220px-Schneefr%C3%A4se_0126.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Schneefr%C3%A4se_0126.jpg/330px-Schneefr%C3%A4se_0126.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Schneefr%C3%A4se_0126.jpg/440px-Schneefr%C3%A4se_0126.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="784" /></a><figcaption>A snow blower at work in Upper Bavaria, Germany, 2005</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tractor_with_a_snowblower_in_Kuopio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Tractor_with_a_snowblower_in_Kuopio.jpg/220px-Tractor_with_a_snowblower_in_Kuopio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Tractor_with_a_snowblower_in_Kuopio.jpg/330px-Tractor_with_a_snowblower_in_Kuopio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Tractor_with_a_snowblower_in_Kuopio.jpg/440px-Tractor_with_a_snowblower_in_Kuopio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>A tractor with a snow blower in <a href="/wiki/Kuopio" title="Kuopio">Kuopio</a>, Finland</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SBB_Xrotm_Schneeschleuder.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/SBB_Xrotm_Schneeschleuder.jpg/220px-SBB_Xrotm_Schneeschleuder.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/SBB_Xrotm_Schneeschleuder.jpg/330px-SBB_Xrotm_Schneeschleuder.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/SBB_Xrotm_Schneeschleuder.jpg/440px-SBB_Xrotm_Schneeschleuder.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>A Swiss railway snow thrower at <a href="/wiki/Erstfeld_railway_station" title="Erstfeld railway station">Erstfeld railway station</a>, 2016</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Schneefr%C3%A4se_auf_dem_Simplon_Pass.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Schneefr%C3%A4se_auf_dem_Simplon_Pass.jpg/220px-Schneefr%C3%A4se_auf_dem_Simplon_Pass.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Schneefr%C3%A4se_auf_dem_Simplon_Pass.jpg/330px-Schneefr%C3%A4se_auf_dem_Simplon_Pass.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Schneefr%C3%A4se_auf_dem_Simplon_Pass.jpg/440px-Schneefr%C3%A4se_auf_dem_Simplon_Pass.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>Snow thrower on <a href="/wiki/Simplon_Pass" title="Simplon Pass">Simplon Pass</a> </figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>snow blower</b> or <b>snowblower</b> or <b>snow thrower</b> is a machine for removing <a href="/wiki/Snow" title="Snow">snow</a> from an area where it is problematic, such as a <a href="/wiki/Driveway" title="Driveway">driveway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sidewalk" title="Sidewalk">sidewalk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roadway" class="mw-redirect" title="Roadway">roadway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rail_tracks" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail tracks">railroad track</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ice_rink" title="Ice rink">ice rink</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Runway" title="Runway">runway</a>. The commonly used term "snow blower" is a misnomer, as the snow is moved using an auger or impeller instead of being blown (by air). It can use either <a href="/wiki/Electric_power" title="Electric power">electric power</a> (line power or battery), or a <a href="/wiki/Gasoline_engine" class="mw-redirect" title="Gasoline engine">gasoline</a> or <a href="/wiki/Diesel_engine" title="Diesel engine">diesel engine</a> to throw snow to another location or into a truck to be hauled away. This is in contrast with the action of <a href="/wiki/Snow_plow" class="mw-redirect" title="Snow plow">snow plows</a>, which push snow to the front or side. Typically, the snow is discharged to one side, but most snow throwers have a movable chute that can direct snow across the full 180 degrees of motion in front of the appliance. </p><p>Snow blowers range from the very small, capable of removing only a few inches (a few more cm) of light snow in an 18 to 20 in (457 to 508 mm) path, to the very large, mounted onto heavy-duty <a href="/wiki/Winter_service_vehicle" title="Winter service vehicle">winter service vehicles</a> and capable of moving 20-foot (6.10 m) wide, or wider, swaths of heavy snow up to 6 feet (1.83 m) deep. </p><p>Snow blowers can generally be divided into two classes: single-stage and two-stage. On a single-stage snow blower, the auger (the paddle mechanism visible from the front) pulls snow into the machine and directs it out of a discharge chute. The auger contacts the ground, making single-stage snow blowers unsuitable for use on unpaved surfaces. On a two-stage snow blower, the auger pulls snow into the machine and feeds it into a high-speed impeller, which in turn directs it out of a discharge chute. Two-stage snow blowers can generally handle deeper snow depths than single-stage ones, and because their augers don't touch the ground, they can be used on unpaved surfaces. </p><p>Depending on the design, snowblowers can be pressed into service throwing other things, such as water.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Snow_blower&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Snow_blower_1933.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Snow_blower_1933.jpg/220px-Snow_blower_1933.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Snow_blower_1933.jpg/330px-Snow_blower_1933.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Snow_blower_1933.jpg/440px-Snow_blower_1933.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2124" data-file-height="1502" /></a><figcaption>Snow blower in <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountain_National_Park" title="Rocky Mountain National Park">Rocky Mountain National Park</a>, 1933</figcaption></figure> <p>Robert Carr Harris of <a href="/wiki/Maple_Green,_New_Brunswick" title="Maple Green, New Brunswick">Maple Green, New Brunswick</a> patented a "Railway Screw Snow Excavator" in 1870.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1923, Robert E. Cole patented a snowplow that operated by using cutters and a fan to blow snow from a surface.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Various other innovations also occurred.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, it is <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arthur_Sicard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arthur Sicard (page does not exist)">Arthur Sicard</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Sicard" class="extiw" title="fr:Arthur Sicard">fr</a>]</span> (1876–1946) who is generally credited as the inventor of the first practical snow blower. In 1925 Sicard completed his first prototype, based on a concept he described in 1894.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He founded <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sicard_Industries&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sicard Industries (page does not exist)">Sicard Industries</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sainte-Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se,_Quebec" title="Sainte-Thérèse, Quebec">Sainte-Thérèse, Quebec</a> and by 1927 his vehicles were in use removing snow from the roadways of the town of <a href="/wiki/Outremont_(borough)" class="mw-redirect" title="Outremont (borough)">Outremont</a>, now a borough of <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a>. His company is now a division of <a href="/w/index.php?title=SMI-Snowblast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SMI-Snowblast (page does not exist)">SMI-Snowblast</a>, Inc. of <a href="/wiki/Watertown,_New_York" title="Watertown, New York">Watertown, New York</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Safety_issues">Safety issues</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Snow_blower&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Safety issues"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/U.S._Consumer_Product_Safety_Commission" title="U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission">U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission</a> estimates that each year there are approximately 5,740 snowblower related injuries in the United States which require medical attention.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One problem with the design of the snow blower is that snow can build up in the <a href="/wiki/Auger_(drill)" class="mw-redirect" title="Auger (drill)">auger</a>, jamming it and stalling the motor. This is complicated by the fact that the auger could deform before applying enough resistance to the motor to turn it off. If the jam is cleared by hand, it is possible for the auger to return to its natural shape suddenly and with great force, possibly injuring the operator. Snow blowers are a leading cause of traumatic hand and finger amputations.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The correct procedure is to turn off the engine, disengage the clutch and then clear the jam with a broom handle or other long object.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In an effort to improve safety, many manufacturers now include a plastic tool to be used to clear jams, often mounted directly to the snow blower. </p><p>Most modern machines mitigate this problem by including a <a href="/wiki/Dead_man%27s_switch" title="Dead man's switch">dead man's switch</a> to prevent the mechanism from rotating when the operator is not at the controls; these may be mandatory in some jurisdictions. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Jet-engine_snow_blowers">Jet-engine snow blowers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Snow_blower&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Jet-engine snow blowers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MTA_New_York_City_Transit_-_After_the_Snow_(12091335743).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/MTA_New_York_City_Transit_-_After_the_Snow_%2812091335743%29.jpg/220px-MTA_New_York_City_Transit_-_After_the_Snow_%2812091335743%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/MTA_New_York_City_Transit_-_After_the_Snow_%2812091335743%29.jpg/330px-MTA_New_York_City_Transit_-_After_the_Snow_%2812091335743%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/MTA_New_York_City_Transit_-_After_the_Snow_%2812091335743%29.jpg/440px-MTA_New_York_City_Transit_-_After_the_Snow_%2812091335743%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1571" data-file-height="1014" /></a><figcaption>A jet-engine snow blower clearing a railway track at <a href="/wiki/Coney_Island_Yard" class="mw-redirect" title="Coney Island Yard">Coney Island Yard</a>, New York, 2014</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Jet_engine" title="Jet engine">Jet engines</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Gas_turbine" title="Gas turbine">gas turbines</a> are used for large scale propelling and melting of snow over rails and roads. These blowers first were used in Russia and Canada in the 1960s, and were later introduced into the U.S. by the Boston Transportation Authority. </p><p>The jet engine both melts and blows the snow, clearing the tracks faster than other methods. While offering considerably greater power in a relatively lightweight machine, this method is much more expensive than traditional snow removing methods. In <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, the high cost is partially offset by utilizing retired military jet engines, such as the <a href="/wiki/Klimov_VK-1" title="Klimov VK-1">Klimov VK-1</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Snow_blower&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Small_engine" title="Small engine">Small engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snowplow" title="Snowplow">Snowplow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_shovel" title="Power shovel">Power shovel</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Snow_blower&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; 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