CINXE.COM
Kémia – Wikipédia
<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="hu" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Kémia – Wikipédia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )huwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""], "wgDefaultDateFormat":"ymd","wgMonthNames":["","január","február","március","április","május","június","július","augusztus","szeptember","október","november","december"],"wgRequestId":"3ce4b549-f184-419f-b192-b940375d1ba1","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Kémia","wgTitle":"Kémia","wgCurRevisionId":27484855,"wgRevisionId":27484855,"wgArticleId":131,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Szakaszcsonkok","Wikipédia-szócikkek LCCN-azonosítóval","Wikipédia-szócikkek GND-azonosítóval","Wikipédia-szócikkek BNF-azonosítóval","Wikipédia-szócikkek KKT-azonosítóval","Kémia"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"hu","wgPageContentLanguage":"hu","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Kémia","wgRelevantArticleId":131,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[], "wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"accuracy":{"levels":2}}},"wgStableRevisionId":27484855,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"hu","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"hu"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":9000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q2329","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false, "wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgSiteNoticeId":"2.195"};RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.infobox":"ready","ext.gadget.wikiMenuStyles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.flaggedRevs.basic":"ready","mediawiki.codex.messagebox.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready","ext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.flaggedRevs.advanced", "ext.gadget.wdsearch","ext.gadget.irclogin","ext.gadget.ImageAnnotator.loader","ext.gadget.collapsible","ext.gadget.kepdia","ext.gadget.kinai","ext.gadget.poziciosTerkep","ext.gadget.wikiMenu","ext.gadget.wiwosm","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","oojs-ui.styles.icons-media","oojs-ui-core.icons","wikibase.sidebar.tracking","ext.dismissableSiteNotice"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=hu&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles%7Cext.flaggedRevs.basic%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cmediawiki.codex.messagebox.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=hu&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=hu&modules=ext.gadget.infobox%2CwikiMenuStyles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=hu&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/BME_vegy%C3%A9szet.jpg/1200px-BME_vegy%C3%A9szet.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1614"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/BME_vegy%C3%A9szet.jpg/800px-BME_vegy%C3%A9szet.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1076"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/BME_vegy%C3%A9szet.jpg/640px-BME_vegy%C3%A9szet.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="861"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Kémia – Wikipédia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//hu.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A9mia"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Szerkesztés" href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%A9mia&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipédia (hu)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//hu.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A9mia"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.hu"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipédia Atom-hírcsatorna" href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1lis:Friss_v%C3%A1ltoztat%C3%A1sok&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Kémia rootpage-Kémia skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Ugrás a tartalomhoz</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Wiki"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Főmenü" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Főmenü</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Főmenü</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">áthelyezés az oldalsávba</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">elrejtés</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigáció </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kezd%C5%91lap" title="A kezdőlap megtekintése [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Kezdőlap</span></a></li><li id="n-sidebar-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Tartalom"><span>Tartalom</span></a></li><li id="n-sidebar-featured" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Kiemelt_sz%C3%B3cikkek_list%C3%A1ja"><span>Kiemelt szócikkek</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1lis:Friss_v%C3%A1ltoztat%C3%A1sok" title="A wikiben történt legutóbbi változtatások listája [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Friss változtatások</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1lis:Lap_tal%C3%A1lomra" title="Egy véletlenszerűen kiválasztott lap betöltése [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Lap találomra</span></a></li><li id="n-sidebar-enquiries" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Tudakoz%C3%B3"><span>Tudakozó</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-sidebar-participate" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-sidebar-participate" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Részvétel </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-sidebar-basics" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:%C3%9Aj_szerkeszt%C5%91knek"><span>Kezdőknek</span></a></li><li id="n-sidebar-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Seg%C3%ADts%C3%A9g"><span>Segítség</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:K%C3%B6z%C3%B6ss%C3%A9g" title="A projektről, miben segíthetsz, mit hol találsz meg"><span>Közösségi portál</span></a></li><li id="n-sidebar-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Kapcsolatfelv%C3%A9tel"><span>Kapcsolatfelvétel</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Kezd%C5%91lap" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipédia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-fr.svg" style="width: 7.4375em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-hu.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1lis:Keres%C3%A9s" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Keresés a Wikipédián [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Keresés</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Keresés a Wikipédián" aria-label="Keresés a Wikipédián" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Keresés a Wikipédián [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Speciális:Keresés"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Keresés</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Személyes eszközök"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Megjelenés"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Megjelenés" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Megjelenés</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_hu.wikipedia.org&uselang=hu" class=""><span>Adományok</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1lis:Szerkeszt%C5%91i_fi%C3%B3k_l%C3%A9trehoz%C3%A1sa&returnto=K%C3%A9mia" title="Arra bíztatunk, hogy hozz létre egy fiókot, és jelentkezz be, azonban ez nem kötelező" class=""><span>Fiók létrehozása</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1lis:Bel%C3%A9p%C3%A9s&returnto=K%C3%A9mia" title="Bejelentkezni javasolt, de nem kötelező [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Bejelentkezés</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="További lehetőségek" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Személyes eszközök" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Személyes eszközök</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Felhasználói menü" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_hu.wikipedia.org&uselang=hu"><span>Adományok</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1lis:Szerkeszt%C5%91i_fi%C3%B3k_l%C3%A9trehoz%C3%A1sa&returnto=K%C3%A9mia" title="Arra bíztatunk, hogy hozz létre egy fiókot, és jelentkezz be, azonban ez nem kötelező"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Fiók létrehozása</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1lis:Bel%C3%A9p%C3%A9s&returnto=K%C3%A9mia" title="Bejelentkezni javasolt, de nem kötelező [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Bejelentkezés</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Lapok kijelentkezett szerkesztőknek <a href="/wiki/Seg%C3%ADts%C3%A9g:Bevezet%C3%A9s" aria-label="Tudj meg többet a szerkesztésről"><span>további információk</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1lis:K%C3%B6zrem%C5%B1k%C3%B6d%C3%A9seim" title="Erről az IP-címről végrehajtott szerkesztések listája [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Közreműködések</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1lis:Vit%C3%A1m" title="Az általad használt IP-címről végrehajtott szerkesztések megvitatása [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Vitalap</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003Eelrejt\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"anonnotice\" lang=\"hu\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"padding:3px 10px; margin:10px; border:1px solid #b3b7ff; font-size:95%; text-align:center;\"\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ENovember 30-án \u003Cb\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Wikital%C3%A1lkoz%C3%B3k/Budapest,_2024._november_30.\" title=\"Wikipédia:Wikitalálkozók/Budapest, 2024. november 30.\"\u003Etalálkozót tartunk\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E Budapesten, ahol téged is szeretettel várunk!\n\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Wiki"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Tartalomjegyzék" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tartalomjegyzék</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">áthelyezés az oldalsávba</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">elrejtés</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Bevezető</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Etimológia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etimológia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Etimológia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etimológia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-A_kémia_története" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#A_kémia_története"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>A kémia története</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-A_kémia_története-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>A(z) A kémia története alszakasz kinyitása/becsukása</span> </button> <ul id="toc-A_kémia_története-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Alkímia_(korai_kezdetek–1750)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alkímia_(korai_kezdetek–1750)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Alkímia (korai kezdetek–1750)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alkímia_(korai_kezdetek–1750)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Átmeneti_kor_(1751–1858)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Átmeneti_kor_(1751–1858)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Átmeneti kor (1751–1858)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Átmeneti_kor_(1751–1858)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Klasszikus_kémia_(1859–1916)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Klasszikus_kémia_(1859–1916)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Klasszikus kémia (1859–1916)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Klasszikus_kémia_(1859–1916)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_kémia_(1917–ma)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_kémia_(1917–ma)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Modern kémia (1917–ma)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_kémia_(1917–ma)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alapok" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alapok"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Alapok</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alapok-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vegyszerek,_kölcsönhatások" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vegyszerek,_kölcsönhatások"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Vegyszerek, kölcsönhatások</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vegyszerek,_kölcsönhatások-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kvantitatív_kémia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kvantitatív_kémia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Kvantitatív kémia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kvantitatív_kémia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Az_anyag_állapotai" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Az_anyag_állapotai"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Az anyag állapotai</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Az_anyag_állapotai-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Savak,_bázisok" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Savak,_bázisok"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Savak, bázisok</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Savak,_bázisok-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>A(z) Savak, bázisok alszakasz kinyitása/becsukása</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Savak,_bázisok-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Lásd_még" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lásd_még"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Lásd még</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lásd_még-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jegyzetek" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jegyzetek"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Jegyzetek</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jegyzetek-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Források" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Források"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Források</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Források-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-További_információk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#További_információk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>További információk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-További_információk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Tartalomjegyzék" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tartalomjegyzék kinyitása/becsukása" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tartalomjegyzék kinyitása/becsukása</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kémia</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ugrás egy más nyelvű szócikkre. Elérhető 235 nyelven" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-235" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">235 nyelv</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemistry" title="Chemistry – angol" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Chemistry" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemie" title="Chemie – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Chemie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemie" title="Chemie – svájci német" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Chemie" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="svájci német" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%A8%E1%8C%A5%E1%8A%95%E1%89%B0_%E1%8A%95%E1%8C%A5%E1%88%AD_%E1%8C%A5%E1%8A%93%E1%89%B5" title="የጥንተ ንጥር ጥናት – amhara" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="የጥንተ ንጥር ጥናት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amhara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quimica" title="Quimica – aragonéz" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Quimica" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonéz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="रसायनशास्त्र – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="रसायनशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="kiemelt szócikk"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1" title="كيمياء – arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كيمياء" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%9F%DC%9D%DC%A1%DC%9D%DC%90" title="ܟܝܡܝܐ – arámi" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܟܝܡܝܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="arámi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A" title="شيمي – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="شيمي" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="كيميا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كيميا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="ৰসায়ন বিজ্ঞান – asszámi" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ৰসায়ন বিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="asszámi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%C3%ADmica" title="Química – asztúr" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Química" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asztúr" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Химия – avar" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Химия" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="avar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Razopa" title="Razopa – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Razopa" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E2%80%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="रसायनशास्त्र – awádi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="रसायनशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="awádi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimya" title="Kimya – azerbajdzsáni" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kimya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdzsáni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C" title="شیمی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="شیمی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Химия – baskír" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Химия" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baskír" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemii" title="Kemii – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Kemii" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kem%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Kemėjė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Kemėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimika" title="Kimika – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Kimika" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Хімія – belarusz" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Хімія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Хімія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Хімія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Химия – bolgár" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Химия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bolgár" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E2%80%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="रसायनशास्त्र – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="रसायनशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemistri" title="Kemistri – bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Kemistri" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimia" title="Kimia – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Kimia" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%93%E1%80%AC%E1%80%90%E1%80%AF%E1%80%97%E1%80%B1%E1%80%92" title="ဓာတုဗေဒ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ဓာတုဗေဒ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A8" title="রসায়ন – bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রসায়ন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%AB%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%82%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%94%E0%BC%8D" title="རྫས་འགྱུར་རིག་པ། – tibeti" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="རྫས་འགྱུར་རིག་པ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibeti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimiezh" title="Kimiezh – breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kimiezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemija" title="Hemija – bosnyák" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Hemija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnyák" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimia" title="Kimia – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Kimia" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Хими – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Хими" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%C3%ADmica" title="Química – katalán" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Química" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quimica" title="Quimica – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Quimica" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hu%C3%A1-h%C5%8Fk" title="Huá-hŏk – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Huá-hŏk" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimika" title="Kimika – szebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Kimika" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="szebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A0%E1%8F%91%E1%8F%B0%E1%8F%97%E1%8F%A7%E1%8F%93%E1%8E%B4%E1%8E%B2%E1%8F%93%E1%8F%85%E1%8F%AC%E1%8F%98" title="ᎠᏑᏰᏗᏧᏓᎴᎲᏓᏅᏬᏘ – cseroki" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎠᏑᏰᏗᏧᏓᎴᎲᏓᏅᏬᏘ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="cseroki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="کیمیا – közép-ázsiai kurd" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کیمیا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="közép-ázsiai kurd" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimica" title="Chimica – korzikai" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Chimica" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="korzikai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himiya" title="Himiya – krími tatár" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Himiya" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="krími tatár" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemie" title="Chemie – cseh" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Chemie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cseh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemij%C3%B4" title="Chemijô – kasub" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Chemijô" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="kasub" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Хими – csuvas" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Хими" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="csuvas" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cemeg" title="Cemeg – walesi" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cemeg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemi" title="Kemi – dán" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kemi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemie" title="Chemie – német" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Chemie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="német" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-din mw-list-item"><a href="https://din.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi%C3%B6c%C3%ABk%C3%A4ti%C9%94%C9%94p" title="Piöcëkätiɔɔp – dinka" lang="din" hreflang="din" data-title="Piöcëkätiɔɔp" data-language-autonym="Thuɔŋjäŋ" data-language-local-name="dinka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Thuɔŋjäŋ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimya" title="Kimya – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Kimya" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimia" title="Kimia – Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Kimia" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%86%DE%A9%DE%89%DE%A8%DE%87%DE%A7%DE%87%DE%A9_%DE%87%DE%A8%DE%8D%DE%B0%DE%89%DE%AA" title="ކީމިއާއީ އިލްމު – divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ކީމިއާއީ އިލްމު" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Χημεία – görög" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χημεία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="görög" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A9mmica" title="Chémmica – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Chémmica" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemio" title="Kemio – eszperantó" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kemio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="eszperantó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%C3%ADmica" title="Química – spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Química" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keemia" title="Keemia – észt" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Keemia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="észt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimika" title="Kimika – baszk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kimika" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baszk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%C3%ADmica" title="Química – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Química" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C" title="شیمی – perzsa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شیمی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzsa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemia" title="Kemia – finn" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kemia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keemi%C3%A4" title="Keemiä – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Keemiä" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemisitiri" title="Kemisitiri – fidzsi" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Kemisitiri" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="fidzsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="kiemelt szócikk"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evnafr%C3%B8%C3%B0i" title="Evnafrøði – feröeri" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Evnafrøði" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="feröeri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimie" title="Chimie – francia" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Chimie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C2%B7imie" title="Ch·imie – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Ch·imie" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemii" title="Chemii – északi fríz" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Chemii" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="északi fríz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimiche" title="Chimiche – friuli" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Chimiche" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friuli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skiekunde" title="Skiekunde – nyugati fríz" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Skiekunde" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="nyugati fríz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceimic" title="Ceimic – ír" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ceimic" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ír" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="化學 – gan kínai" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="化學" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="gan kínai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimi" title="Chimi – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Chimi" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceimigeachd" title="Ceimigeachd – skóciai kelta" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Ceimigeachd" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="skóciai kelta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%C3%ADmica" title="Química – gallego" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Química" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="gallego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%ADmika" title="Kímika – guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Kímika" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimia" title="Kimia – gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Kimia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%A3_%E0%AA%B6%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0" title="રસાયણ શાસ્ત્ર – gudzsaráti" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="રસાયણ શાસ્ત્ર" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gudzsaráti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guc mw-list-item"><a href="https://guc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achajaya" title="Achajaya – Wayuu" lang="guc" hreflang="guc" data-title="Achajaya" data-language-autonym="Wayuunaiki" data-language-local-name="Wayuu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wayuunaiki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemmig" title="Kemmig – man-szigeti" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Kemmig" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="man-szigeti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimiyya" title="Kimiyya – hausza" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Kimiyya" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausza" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fa-ho%CC%8Dk" title="Fa-ho̍k – hakka kínai" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Fa-ho̍k" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka kínai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemika" title="Kemika – hawaii" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Kemika" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="hawaii" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%94" title="כימיה – héber" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כימיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="héber" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="रसायन विज्ञान – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रसायन विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rasayan_vigyan" title="Rasayan vigyan – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Rasayan vigyan" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemija" title="Kemija – horvát" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kemija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="horvát" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimi" title="Chimi – haiti kreol" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Chimi" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haiti kreol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%94%D5%AB%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Քիմիա – örmény" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Քիմիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="örmény" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D5%A1%D6%80%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%AB%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Տարրաբանութիւն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Տարրաբանութիւն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimia" title="Chimia – interlingva" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Chimia" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingva" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimia" title="Kimia – iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Kimia" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimia" title="Kimia – indonéz" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kimia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonéz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimie" title="Chimie – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Chimie" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%ADmika" title="Kímika – ilokó" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Kímika" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilokó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Хими – ingus" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Хими" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ingus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemio" title="Kemio – idó" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kemio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="idó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efnafr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Efnafræði – izlandi" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Efnafræði" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="izlandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimica" title="Chimica – olasz" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Chimica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="olasz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="化学 – japán" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="化学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimischri" title="Kimischri – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Kimischri" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/xumske" title="xumske – lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="xumske" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimia" title="Kimia – jávai" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kimia" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="jávai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ქიმია – grúz" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ქიმია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="grúz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ximiya" title="Ximiya – kara-kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Ximiya" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="kara-kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takrura" title="Takrura – kabije" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Takrura" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabije" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siimii_l%C9%9B%C9%A3t%CA%8B" title="Siimii lɛɣtʋ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Siimii lɛɣtʋ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemu" title="Kemu – kikuju" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Kemu" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="kikuju" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Химия – kazah" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Химия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%82%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%91%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%B6" title="គីមីវិទ្យា – khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="គីមីវិទ្យា" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0" title="ರಸಾಯನಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ರಸಾಯನಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%99%94%ED%95%99" title="화학 – koreai" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="화학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%9A%D9%86" title="رسایٚن – kasmíri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="رسایٚن" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="kasmíri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%AEmya" title="Kîmya – kurd" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Kîmya" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurd" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kymystry" title="Kymystry – korni" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Kymystry" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="korni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Химия – kirgiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Химия" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemia" title="Chemia – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Chemia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemika" title="Kemika – ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Kemika" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimie" title="Chimie – luxemburgi" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Chimie" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Химия – lezg" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Химия" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lezg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cimica" title="Cimica – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Cimica" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebyobuziba" title="Ebyobuziba – ganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Ebyobuziba" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="ganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemie" title="Chemie – limburgi" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Chemie" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimica" title="Chimica – ligur" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Chimica" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="ligur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimica" title="Chimica – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Chimica" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%ADmica" title="Chímica – lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Chímica" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A9mi" title="Kémi – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Kémi" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%84%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%94" title="ເຄມີສາດ – lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ເຄມີສາດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemija" title="Chemija – litván" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Chemija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litván" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B6%C4%ABmija" title="Ķīmija – lett" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ķīmija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lett" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E2%80%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="रसायनशास्त्र – maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="रसायनशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimia" title="Kimia – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Kimia" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Химиясь – moksán" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Химиясь" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="moksán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simia" title="Simia – malgas" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Simia" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgas" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Химий – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Химий" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%81tauranga_mat%C5%AB" title="Mātauranga matū – maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Mātauranga matū" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimia" title="Kimia – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Kimia" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Хемија – macedón" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хемија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedón" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="രസതന്ത്രം – malajálam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="രസതന്ത്രം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajálam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Хими – mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хими" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%A0%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%9F%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯄꯣꯠꯇꯤꯟꯂꯣꯟ – manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯄꯣꯠꯇꯤꯟꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="रसायनशास्त्र – maráthi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="रसायनशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="maráthi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimia" title="Kimia – maláj" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kimia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="maláj" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimika" title="Kimika – máltai" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Kimika" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="máltai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%C3%ADmica" title="Química – mirandéz" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Química" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandéz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%93%E1%80%AC%E1%80%90%E1%80%AF%E1%80%97%E1%80%B1%E1%80%92" title="ဓာတုဗေဒ – burmai" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဓာတုဗေဒ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Химия – erzjány" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Химия" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzjány" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="کیمیا – mázanderáni" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="کیمیا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mázanderáni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemie" title="Chemie – alsónémet" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Chemie" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="alsónémet" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scheikunde" title="Scheikunde – alsószász" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Scheikunde" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="alsószász" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="रसायनशास्त्र – nepáli" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="रसायनशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepáli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="रसायनशास्त्र – nevari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="रसायनशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="nevari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scheikunde" title="Scheikunde – holland" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Scheikunde" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="holland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kjemi" title="Kjemi – norvég (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kjemi" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvég (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kjemi" title="Kjemi – norvég (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kjemi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvég (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemie" title="Kemie – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Kemie" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimie" title="Chimie – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Chimie" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khemistri" title="Khemistri – északi szeszotó" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Khemistri" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="északi szeszotó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quimia" title="Quimia – okszitán" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Quimia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okszitán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemistirii" title="Kemistirii – oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Kemistirii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%BE%E0%AD%9F%E0%AC%A8_%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%9C%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9E%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A8" title="ରସାୟନ ବିଜ୍ଞାନ – odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ରସାୟନ ବିଜ୍ଞାନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Хими – oszét" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Хими" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="oszét" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%A3_%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A8" title="ਰਸਾਇਣ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ – pandzsábi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰਸਾਇਣ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandzsábi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A9mie" title="Kémie – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Kémie" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemistrii" title="Kemistrii – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Kemistrii" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemia" title="Chemia – lengyel" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Chemia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="lengyel" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%B9%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="کیمسٹری – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کیمسٹری" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="کيميا – pastu" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="کيميا" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pastu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%C3%ADmica" title="Química – portugál" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Química" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugál" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaqllisinchi" title="Chaqllisinchi – kecsua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Chaqllisinchi" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kecsua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimie" title="Chimie – román" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Chimie" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="román" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimie" title="Chimie – aromán" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Chimie" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="aromán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Химия – orosz" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Химия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="orosz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Хемія – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Хемія" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="रसतन्त्रम् – szanszkrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="रसतन्त्रम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="szanszkrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Химия – szaha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Химия" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="szaha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%ACmica" title="Chìmica – szardíniai" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Chìmica" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="szardíniai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%ACmica" title="Chìmica – szicíliai" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Chìmica" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="szicíliai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemistrie" title="Chemistrie – skót" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Chemistrie" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skót" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%DA%AA%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="علم ڪيميا – szindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="علم ڪيميا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="szindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemija" title="Hemija – szerbhorvát" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Hemija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="szerbhorvát" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takimit" title="Takimit – tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Takimit" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B1_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="රසායන විද්යාව – szingaléz" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="රසායන විද්යාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="szingaléz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemistry" title="Chemistry – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Chemistry" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A9mia" title="Chémia – szlovák" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Chémia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="szlovák" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%B9%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="کیمسٹری – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="کیمسٹری" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="kiemelt szócikk"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemija" title="Kemija – szlovén" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kemija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="szlovén" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemisi" title="Kemisi – szamoai" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Kemisi" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="szamoai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemishonga" title="Chemishonga – sona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Chemishonga" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="sona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimisteri" title="Kimisteri – szomáli" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Kimisteri" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="szomáli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimia" title="Kimia – albán" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kimia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="jó szócikk"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Хемија – szerb" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хемија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="szerb" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikhemisi" title="Ikhemisi – sziszuati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="Ikhemisi" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="sziszuati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemie" title="Chemie – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Chemie" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimia" title="Kimia – szundanéz" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Kimia" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="szundanéz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="ajánlott szócikk"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemi" title="Kemi – svéd" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kemi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svéd" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemia" title="Kemia – szuahéli" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kemia" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="szuahéli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chymij%C5%8F" title="Chymijŏ – sziléziai" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Chymijŏ" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="sziléziai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="வேதியியல் – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வேதியியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AD%E0%B3%82_%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9E%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8" title="ಭೂ ವಿಜ್ಞಾನ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಭೂ ವಿಜ್ಞಾನ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%A8_%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="రసాయన శాస్త్రం – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="రసాయన శాస్త్రం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%ADmika" title="Kímika – tetum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Kímika" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="tetum" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%91" title="Кимиё – tadzsik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Кимиё" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadzsik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5" title="เคมี – thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เคมี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himi%C3%BDa" title="Himiýa – türkmén" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Himiýa" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="türkmén" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimika" title="Kimika – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kimika" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimj%C9%99" title="Kimjə – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Kimjə" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemi" title="Kemi – tongai" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Kemi" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="tongai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemistri" title="Kemistri – tok pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Kemistri" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="tok pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimya" title="Kimya – török" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kimya" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="török" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ntivo-Mirhi" title="Ntivo-Mirhi – conga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Ntivo-Mirhi" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="conga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Химия – tatár" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Химия" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatár" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemistre" title="Kemistre – tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Kemistre" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Химия – udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Химия" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Хімія – ukrán" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хімія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="کیمیا – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کیمیا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimyo" title="Kimyo – üzbég" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kimyo" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="üzbég" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%ACmega" title="Chìmega – velencei" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Chìmega" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="velencei" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himii" title="Himii – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Himii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B3a_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Hóa học – vietnámi" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hóa học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnámi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiemav" title="Kiemav – volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Kiemav" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tchimeye" title="Tchimeye – vallon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Tchimeye" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="vallon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%ADmika" title="Kímika – varaó" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kímika" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varaó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="化學 – wu kínai" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="化學" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu kínai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKhemistri" title="IKhemistri – xhosza" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="IKhemistri" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="xhosza" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ქიმია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ქიმია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A2" title="כעמיע – jiddis" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="כעמיע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jiddis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%E1%BA%B9%CC%81m%C3%ADstr%C3%AC" title="Kẹ́místrì – joruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Kẹ́místrì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="joruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vayoz" title="Vayoz – zsuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Vayoz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="zsuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scheikunde" title="Scheikunde – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Scheikunde" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B4%BD%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%94%E2%B4%B0" title="ⵜⴰⴽⵔⵓⵔⴰ – marokkói tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵜⴰⴽⵔⵓⵔⴰ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="marokkói tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="化學 – kínai" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="化學" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kínai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="化學 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="化學" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B2a-ha%CC%8Dk" title="Hòa-ha̍k – min nan kínai" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hòa-ha̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan kínai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="化學 – kantoni" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="化學" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umchazatho" title="Umchazatho – zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Umchazatho" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2329#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Nyelvközi hivatkozások szerkesztése" class="wbc-editpage">Hivatkozások szerkesztése</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Névterek"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/K%C3%A9mia" title="A lap megtekintése [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Szócikk</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vita:K%C3%A9mia" rel="discussion" title="Az oldal tartalmának megvitatása [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Vitalap</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Nyelvvariáns váltása" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">magyar</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Nézetek"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/K%C3%A9mia"><span>Olvasás</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%A9mia&action=edit" title="Az oldal forráskódjának szerkesztése [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Szerkesztés</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%A9mia&action=history" title="A lap korábbi változatai [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Laptörténet</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Oldal eszközök"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eszközök" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eszközök</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Eszközök</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">áthelyezés az oldalsávba</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">elrejtés</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="További lehetőségek" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Műveletek </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/K%C3%A9mia"><span>Olvasás</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%A9mia&action=edit" title="Az oldal forráskódjának szerkesztése [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Szerkesztés</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%A9mia&action=history"><span>Laptörténet</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Általános </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1lis:Mi_hivatkozik_erre/K%C3%A9mia" title="Az erre a lapra hivatkozó más lapok listája [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Mi hivatkozik erre?</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1lis:Kapcsol%C3%B3d%C3%B3_v%C3%A1ltoztat%C3%A1sok/K%C3%A9mia" rel="nofollow" title="Az erről a lapról hivatkozott lapok utolsó változtatásai [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Kapcsolódó változtatások</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1lis:Speci%C3%A1lis_lapok" title="Az összes speciális lap listája [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Speciális lapok</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%A9mia&oldid=27484855" title="Állandó hivatkozás ezen lap ezen változatához"><span>Hivatkozás erre a változatra</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%A9mia&action=info" title="További információk erről a lapról"><span>Lapinformációk</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1lis:Hivatkoz%C3%A1s&page=K%C3%A9mia&id=27484855&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Információk a lap idézésével kapcsolatban"><span>Hogyan hivatkozz erre a lapra?</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1lis:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fhu.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FK%25C3%25A9mia"><span>Rövidített URL készítése</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1lis:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fhu.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FK%25C3%25A9mia"><span>QR-kód letöltése</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Nyomtatás/exportálás </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1lis:K%C3%B6nyv&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=K%C3%A9mia"><span>Könyv készítése</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1lis:DownloadAsPdf&page=K%C3%A9mia&action=show-download-screen"><span>Letöltés PDF-ként</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%A9mia&printable=yes" title="A lap nyomtatható változata [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Nyomtatható változat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Társprojektek </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Chemistry" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimédia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2329" title="Kapcsolt adattárelem [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-adatlap</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Oldal eszközök"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Megjelenés"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Megjelenés</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">áthelyezés az oldalsávba</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">elrejtés</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-indicator-fr-review-status" class="mw-indicator"><indicator name="fr-review-status" class="mw-fr-review-status-indicator" id="mw-fr-revision-toggle"><span class="cdx-fr-css-icon-review--status--stable"></span><b>Ellenőrzött</b></indicator></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">A Wikipédiából, a szabad enciklopédiából</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><div id="mw-fr-revision-messages"><div id="mw-fr-revision-details" class="mw-fr-revision-details-dialog" style="display:none;"><div tabindex="0"></div><div class="cdx-dialog cdx-dialog--horizontal-actions"><header class="cdx-dialog__header cdx-dialog__header--default"><div class="cdx-dialog__header__title-group"><h2 class="cdx-dialog__header__title">Változat állapota</h2><p class="cdx-dialog__header__subtitle">Ez a lap egy ellenőrzött változata</p></div><button class="cdx-button cdx-button--action-default cdx-button--weight-quiet 							cdx-button--size-medium cdx-button--icon-only cdx-dialog__header__close-button" aria-label="Close" onclick="document.getElementById("mw-fr-revision-details").style.display = "none";" type="submit"><span class="cdx-icon cdx-icon--medium 							cdx-fr-css-icon--close"></span></button></header><div class="cdx-dialog__body">Ez a <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Jel%C3%B6lt_lapv%C3%A1ltozatok" title="Wikipédia:Jelölt lapváltozatok">közzétett változat</a>, <a class="external text" href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1lis:Rendszernapl%C3%B3k&type=review&page=K%C3%A9mia">ellenőrizve</a>: <i>2024. október 1.</i><p><table id="mw-fr-revisionratings-box" class="flaggedrevs-color-1" style="margin: auto;" cellpadding="0"><tr><td class="fr-text" style="vertical-align: middle;">Pontosság</td><td class="fr-value40" style="vertical-align: middle;">ellenőrzött</td></tr></table></p></div></div><div tabindex="0"></div></div></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="hu" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox ujinfobox"> <tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="fejlec" style="color:;background-color:#BDB76B;">Kémia</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#F0E68C ;text-align:center;">vegyészet, vegytan</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:BME_vegy%C3%A9szet.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Senyei Károly: A Kémia allegóriája (1909, 2007-ben restaurálva, Budapesti Műszaki és Gazdaságtudományi Egyetem )"><img alt="Senyei Károly: A Kémia allegóriája (1909, 2007-ben restaurálva, Budapesti Műszaki és Gazdaságtudományi Egyetem )" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/BME_vegy%C3%A9szet.jpg/250px-BME_vegy%C3%A9szet.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="336" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/BME_vegy%C3%A9szet.jpg/375px-BME_vegy%C3%A9szet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/BME_vegy%C3%A9szet.jpg/500px-BME_vegy%C3%A9szet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2900" data-file-height="3900" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:92%"><a href="/wiki/Senyei_K%C3%A1roly" title="Senyei Károly">Senyei Károly</a>: <i>A Kémia allegóriája</i> (1909, 2007-ben restaurálva, <br /><a href="/wiki/Budapesti_M%C5%B1szaki_%C3%A9s_Gazdas%C3%A1gtudom%C3%A1nyi_Egyetem" title="Budapesti Műszaki és Gazdaságtudományi Egyetem">Budapesti Műszaki és Gazdaságtudományi Egyetem</a> )</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><hr style="color:#BDB76B;background-color:#BDB76B;" /></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td class="cimke" style="padding:0px 3px 0px 0px;"><b>Tárgya</b></td><td>az anyagok minőségi változásai</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td class="cimke" style="padding:0px 3px 0px 0px;"><b>Ágai</b></td><td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elm%C3%A9leti_k%C3%A9mia" title="Elméleti kémia">elméleti kémia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fizikai_k%C3%A9mia" title="Fizikai kémia">fizikai kémia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Szervetlen_k%C3%A9mia" title="Szervetlen kémia">szervetlen kémia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Szerves_k%C3%A9mia" title="Szerves kémia">szerves kémia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Analitikai_k%C3%A9mia" title="Analitikai kémia">analitikai kémia</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td class="cimke" style="padding:0px 3px 0px 0px;"><b>Jelentős művelői</b></td><td><a href="/wiki/Henry_Cavendish" title="Henry Cavendish">Cavendish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hans_Christian_%C3%98rsted" title="Hans Christian Ørsted">Ørsted</a>, <a href="/wiki/Humphry_Davy" title="Humphry Davy">Davy</a>, <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6ns_Jakob_Berzelius" title="Jöns Jakob Berzelius">Berzelius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Justus_von_Liebig" title="Justus von Liebig">Liebig</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Bernhard_Nobel" title="Alfred Bernhard Nobel">Nobel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dmitrij_Ivanovics_Mengyelejev" title="Dmitrij Ivanovics Mengyelejev">Mengyelejev</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Ostwald" title="Wilhelm Ostwald">Ostwald</a>, <a href="/wiki/Svante_August_Arrhenius" title="Svante August Arrhenius">Arrhenius</a></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td class="cimke" style="padding:0px 3px 0px 0px;"><b>Jelentős kézikönyvei</b></td><td>E. Ühlein–H. Römpp: <i>Römpp Kémiai Kislexikon</i> (Budapest, 1973)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#BDB76B;text-align:center;">– <a href="/wiki/Term%C3%A9szettudom%C3%A1ny" title="Természettudomány">természettudományok</a> –</td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r27515026">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><table class="navbox" style="width: 250px; margin: 0px 0px 10px 10px; float: right; clear:right;"><tbody><tr><th style="background-color:#ccccff;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kémia</a></th></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center; background-color:#ccccff;"><b><a href="/wiki/Elm%C3%A9leti_k%C3%A9mia" title="Elméleti kémia">elméleti kémia</a></b></td></tr><tr><td class="hlist" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81ltal%C3%A1nos_k%C3%A9mia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Általános kémia (a lap nem létezik)">általános kémia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kvantumk%C3%A9mia" title="Kvantumkémia">kvantumkémia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%A9miai_informatika" title="Kémiai informatika">kémiai informatika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sz%C3%A1m%C3%ADt%C3%B3g%C3%A9pes_k%C3%A9mia" title="Számítógépes kémia">számítógépes kémia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sztereok%C3%A9mia" title="Sztereokémia">sztereokémia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matematikai_k%C3%A9mia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matematikai kémia (a lap nem létezik)">matematikai kémia</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center; background-color:#ccccff;"><b><a href="/wiki/Fizikai_k%C3%A9mia" title="Fizikai kémia">fizikai kémia</a></b></td></tr><tr><td class="hlist" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Termok%C3%A9mia" title="Termokémia">termokémia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reakci%C3%B3kinetika" title="Reakciókinetika">reakciókinetika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geok%C3%A9mia" title="Geokémia">geokémia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elektrok%C3%A9mia" title="Elektrokémia">elektrokémia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolloidk%C3%A9mia" title="Kolloidkémia">kolloidkémia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magk%C3%A9mia" title="Magkémia">magkémia</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center; background-color:#ccccff;"><b><a href="/wiki/Szervetlen_k%C3%A9mia" title="Szervetlen kémia">szervetlen kémia</a></b></td></tr><tr><td class="hlist" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bioszervetlen_k%C3%A9mia" title="Bioszervetlen kémia">bioszervetlen kémia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81sv%C3%A1nytan" title="Ásványtan">ásványtan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koordin%C3%A1ci%C3%B3s_k%C3%A9mia" title="Koordinációs kémia">koordinációs kémia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9morganikus_k%C3%A9mia" title="Fémorganikus kémia">fémorganikus kémia</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center; background-color:#ccccff;"><b><a href="/wiki/Szerves_k%C3%A9mia" title="Szerves kémia">szerves kémia</a></b></td></tr><tr><td class="hlist" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biok%C3%A9mia" title="Biokémia">biokémia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B3gyszerk%C3%A9mia" title="Gyógyszerkémia">gyógyszerkémia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polimerk%C3%A9mia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polimerkémia (a lap nem létezik)">polimerkémia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrolk%C3%A9mia" title="Petrolkémia">petrolkémia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Szupramolekul%C3%A1ris_k%C3%A9mia" title="Szupramolekuláris kémia">szupramolekuláris kémia</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center; background-color:#ccccff;"><b><a href="/wiki/Analitikai_k%C3%A9mia" title="Analitikai kémia">analitikai kémia</a></b></td></tr><tr><td class="hlist" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kvalitat%C3%ADv_anal%C3%ADzis" title="Kvalitatív analízis">kvalitatív analízis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Analitikai_k%C3%A9mia" title="Analitikai kémia">gravimetria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titrimetria" title="Titrimetria">titrimetria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spektroszk%C3%B3pia" title="Spektroszkópia">spektroszkópia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polarimetria" title="Polarimetria">polarimetria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refraktometria" title="Refraktometria">refraktometria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektroanalitika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elektroanalitika (a lap nem létezik)">elektroanalitika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kromatogr%C3%A1fia" title="Kromatográfia">kromatográfia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Termoanal%C3%ADzis" title="Termoanalízis">termoanalízis</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center; background-color:#ccccff;"><b>egyéb</b></td></tr><tr><td class="hlist" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Radiok%C3%A9mia" title="Radiokémia">radiokémia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fotok%C3%A9mia" title="Fotokémia">fotokémia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%A9miai_anyagtudom%C3%A1ny&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kémiai anyagtudomány (a lap nem létezik)">kémiai anyagtudomány</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Szerkezeti_k%C3%A9mia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Szerkezeti kémia (a lap nem létezik)">szerkezeti kémia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%B6rnyezeti_k%C3%A9mia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Környezeti kémia (a lap nem létezik)">környezeti kémia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Z%C3%B6ld_k%C3%A9mia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zöld kémia (a lap nem létezik)">zöld kémia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89lelmiszer-k%C3%A9mia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Élelmiszer-kémia (a lap nem létezik)">élelmiszer-kémia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegyipari_m%C5%B1veletek" title="Vegyipari műveletek">vegyipari műveletek</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center; background-color:#ccccff;"><b>A kémia személyes- és történelmi vonatkozásai</b></td></tr><tr><td class="hlist" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vegy%C3%A9sz" title="Vegyész">kémikusok</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%A9miat%C3%B6rt%C3%A9net&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kémiatörténet (a lap nem létezik)">kémiatörténet</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:K%C3%A9mia" title="Portál:Kémia">portál</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kateg%C3%B3ria:K%C3%A9mia" title="Kategória:Kémia">kategória</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center; background-color:#ccccff;"><div class="navbar noprint hlist plainlinks mini" style="display:inline;font-size:xx-small"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r26593303">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><span style="display:none"><a href="/wiki/Sablon:K%C3%A9mia" title="Sablon:Kémia">Sablon:Kémia</a></span><ul style="display:inline"><li class="nv-view"><a class="external text" href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sablon:K%C3%A9mia"><span title="Mutasd ezt a sablont">m</span></a></li> <li class="nv-talk"><a class="external text" href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sablonvita:K%C3%A9mia"><span title="A sablon vitalapja">v</span></a></li> <li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sablon:K%C3%A9mia&action=edit"><span title="A sablon szerkesztése">sz</span></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A <b>kémia,</b> más néven <b>vegyészet</b> vagy <b>vegytan</b> az anyagok minőségi változásaival foglalkozó <a href="/wiki/Term%C3%A9szettudom%C3%A1ny" title="Természettudomány">természettudomány</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Modern_fizika" title="Modern fizika">modern fizika</a> eredményeinek hatására azonban ez a <a href="/wiki/Defin%C3%ADci%C3%B3" title="Definíció">definíció</a> csak úgy állja meg a helyét, ha magának az anyagnak a fogalmát terjesztjük ki. A <a href="/wiki/20._sz%C3%A1zad" title="20. század">20. század</a> második felétől már nemcsak a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Korpuszkula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Korpuszkula (a lap nem létezik)">korpuszkuláris</a> jellegű <a href="/w/index.php?title=Entit%C3%A1s&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Entitás (a lap nem létezik)">entitásokat</a> tekintjük anyagnak, hanem például a <a href="/wiki/Gravit%C3%A1ci%C3%B3s_t%C3%A9r" title="Gravitációs tér">gravitációs mezőt</a>, a <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9ny" title="Fény">fényt</a> is; ez – leegyszerűsítve – abból következik, hogy az energiát az anyag egyik megjelenési formájának tartjuk, amit az E=mc² összefüggés fejez ki. </p><p>A kémia napjainkban szorosan kapcsolódik a többi természettudományhoz: a <a href="/wiki/Fizika" title="Fizika">fizikához</a>, <a href="/wiki/Biol%C3%B3gia" title="Biológia">biológiához</a>, <a href="/wiki/Matematika" title="Matematika">matematikához</a>, <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6ldrajztudom%C3%A1ny" title="Földrajztudomány">földrajzhoz</a>; eredményei nélkül elképzelhetetlen a modern <a href="/wiki/Orvostudom%C3%A1ny" title="Orvostudomány">orvostudomány</a>, és a <a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C5%B1szaki_tudom%C3%A1ny&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Műszaki tudomány (a lap nem létezik)">műszaki tudományok</a> alaposabb ismeretéhez is elengedhetetlen. A sokirányú kötődés <a href="/w/index.php?title=Interdiszciplin%C3%A1ris_tudom%C3%A1ny&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Interdiszciplináris tudomány (a lap nem létezik)">interdiszciplináris tudományok</a> egész sorát eredményezte (<a href="/wiki/Fizikai_k%C3%A9mia" title="Fizikai kémia">fizikai kémia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Biok%C3%A9mia" title="Biokémia">biokémia</a> stb.), melyeknek szintén egyre növekvő jelentőségük van. A kémia <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alaptudom%C3%A1ny&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alaptudomány (a lap nem létezik)">alaptudomány</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alkalmazott_tudom%C3%A1ny" title="Alkalmazott tudomány">alkalmazott tudomány</a> és <a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%ADs%C3%A9rleti_tudom%C3%A1ny&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kísérleti tudomány (a lap nem létezik)">kísérleti tudomány</a> egyben. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etimológia"><span id="Etimol.C3.B3gia"></span>Etimológia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%A9mia&action=edit&section=1" title="Szakasz szerkesztése: Etimológia"><span>szerkesztés</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A kémia név az <a href="/wiki/Alk%C3%ADmia" title="Alkímia">alkímiából</a> ered, ami közvetlenül az arab <i>al-kīmīā</i> (الکیمیاء) átvétele. Az arab szó a görög χημία vagy χημεία („khémeia”) szóból származik,<sup id="cite_ref-oed_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oed-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> amit lehetséges, hogy az <a href="/wiki/%C3%93kori_egyiptomi_nyelv" class="mw-redirect" title="Ókori egyiptomi nyelv">ókori egyiptomi nyelvből</a> vettek át (a <i>kemet</i> szóból, ami Egyiptom őslakos neve),<sup id="cite_ref-oed_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oed-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> de lehetséges, hogy a görög χημεία szóból ered, amelynek jelentése „összeönteni”.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="A_kémia_története"><span id="A_k.C3.A9mia_t.C3.B6rt.C3.A9nete"></span>A kémia története</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%A9mia&action=edit&section=2" title="Szakasz szerkesztése: A kémia története"><span>szerkesztés</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:%D0%94%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2_12.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/%D0%94%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2_12.jpg/220px-%D0%94%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2_12.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="314" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/%D0%94%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2_12.jpg/330px-%D0%94%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2_12.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/%D0%94%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2_12.jpg/440px-%D0%94%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2_12.jpg 2x" data-file-width="513" data-file-height="733" /></a><figcaption> <b>Mengyelejev</b>, a jelenlegi <a href="/wiki/K%C3%A9miai_elemek_peri%C3%B3dusos_rendszere" title="Kémiai elemek periódusos rendszere">periódusos rendszer</a> ötletgazdája</figcaption></figure> <p>A kémia tudományát négy fő történeti korszakra lehet felosztani; mint annyi természettudományban, áttörés itt is a <a href="/wiki/18._sz%C3%A1zad" title="18. század">18. század</a> körül jelentkezett. Az első <a href="/wiki/Vegy%C3%A9sz" title="Vegyész">kémikus</a>, anyagi változást előidéző, a tüzet használó ősember volt. Ezt követően évezredekig tapasztalatgyűjtés következett, az <a href="/wiki/%C3%93g%C3%B6r%C3%B6g%C3%B6k" class="mw-redirect" title="Ógörögök">ógörögök</a> egyfajta <a href="/wiki/Atommodell" title="Atommodell">atommodellel</a> álltak elő. Démokritosz már azt állította, hogy az anyagok atomokból állnak. Az atomokat különböző formájú, szabad szemmel nem látható részecskéknek képzelte. Például – szerinte – ha az anyag édes, akkor az atom alakja gömbölyű, ha csípős, akkor érdes, ha nyúlós (pl.: méz), akkor atomjai hosszúkásak, egymásba akadók. Ezzel ellentétben az elfogadott feltételezés az volt, hogy az anyagok a négy őselem (tűz, víz, föld, levegő) különböző arányú keverékéből állnak. A <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6z%C3%A9pkor" title="Középkor">középkorban</a> az <a href="/wiki/Alk%C3%ADmia" title="Alkímia">alkímia</a> keretein belül folytak kutatások, de mára ez <a href="/wiki/Okkultizmus" title="Okkultizmus">okkult</a> és/vagy <a href="/wiki/Misztika" title="Misztika">misztikus</a> tudománynak számít. A halhatatlanságot biztosító <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89letelix%C3%ADr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Életelixír (a lap nem létezik)">életelixír</a> és a minden fémet arannyá változtató <a href="/wiki/B%C3%B6lcsek_k%C3%B6ve" title="Bölcsek köve">bölcsek kövének</a> keresése közben számos eljárást, <a href="/wiki/Vegy%C3%BClet" title="Vegyület">vegyületet</a> fedeztek fel és fejlesztettek ki. Az alkímiával párhuzamosan létezett <a href="/wiki/Jatrok%C3%A9mia" title="Jatrokémia">jatrokémia</a> (iatrokémia) is, amely az „életfolyamatok kémiája” volt, és szemben állt az alkímiával. Később, a 18. századtól rohamosan gyorsuló fejlődésnek indult a diszciplína. Épp csak feltalálják az <a href="/wiki/Ipar" title="Ipar">ipari</a> <a href="/wiki/K%C3%A9nsav" title="Kénsav">kénsavgyártást</a>, nem sokkal később megdől a <a href="/wiki/Vis_vitalis" title="Vis vitalis">vis vitalis elmélet</a>, vagyis sikerül szervetlen vegyületből szerves vegyületet előállítani. Sorban fedezik fel az új elemeket, mikor egy orosz tudós, <a href="/wiki/Dmitrij_Ivanovics_Mengyelejev" title="Dmitrij Ivanovics Mengyelejev">Mengyelejev</a> előáll egy ötlettel: az elemeket atomsúlyuk szerint csoportosítva a tulajdonságaik periodikusan változnak, így a táblázatból hiányzó elemeket, sőt, azok tulajdonságait is meg tudta előre jósolni (például <a href="/wiki/Gallium" title="Gallium">gallium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germ%C3%A1nium" title="Germánium">germánium</a>); táblázatát később elnevezték <a href="/wiki/K%C3%A9miai_elemek_peri%C3%B3dusos_rendszere" title="Kémiai elemek periódusos rendszere">periódusos rendszernek</a>. A rohamosan fejlődő világ új tudományágakat hoz létre a kémiában is, például a <a href="/wiki/Petrolk%C3%A9mia" title="Petrolkémia">petrolkémiát</a>. Az atomelmélet folyamatosan fejlődik (<a href="/wiki/John_Dalton" title="John Dalton">Dalton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Rutherford" title="Ernest Rutherford">Rutherford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_John_Thomson" title="Joseph John Thomson">Thomson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Millikan" title="Robert Millikan">Millikan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Niels_Bohr" title="Niels Bohr">Bohr</a>), majd <a href="/wiki/Max_Planck" title="Max Planck">Max Planck</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einstein</a>, <a href="/wiki/Erwin_Schr%C3%B6dinger" title="Erwin Schrödinger">Erwin Schrödinger</a> és <a href="/wiki/Werner_Heisenberg" title="Werner Heisenberg">Werner Heisenberg</a> munkásságának hatására teljesen új alapokra helyeződnek a <a href="/wiki/Term%C3%A9szettudom%C3%A1ny" title="Természettudomány">természettudományok</a>, kialakul a ma is elfogadott atomelmélet – már csak a <a href="/wiki/Neutron" title="Neutron">neutront</a> kell felfedeznie <a href="/wiki/James_Chadwick" title="James Chadwick">James Chadwicknek</a> 1932-ben. A század második felétől egyre inkább háttérbe szorulnak az <a href="/wiki/Acetil%C3%A9n" title="Acetilén">acetilén</a>-alapú szerves szintézisek az iparban, és fokozatosan mindent <a href="/wiki/K%C5%91olaj" title="Kőolaj">kőolajból</a> kezdenek előállítani. Napjainkra már a kémia eredményei körülveszik az embert. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alkímia_(korai_kezdetek–1750)"><span id="Alk.C3.ADmia_.28korai_kezdetek.E2.80.931750.29"></span>Alkímia (korai kezdetek–1750)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%A9mia&action=edit&section=3" title="Szakasz szerkesztése: Alkímia (korai kezdetek–1750)"><span>szerkesztés</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="dablink noprint noviewer" style="padding-left: 2em; vertical-align: middle;" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td style="padding-right:.25em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/25px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/38px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/50px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></td><td><i>Ez a szakasz egyelőre üres vagy <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Csonk" title="Wikipédia:Csonk">erősen hiányos</a>. Segíts te is a kibővítésében!</i></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Átmeneti_kor_(1751–1858)"><span id=".C3.81tmeneti_kor_.281751.E2.80.931858.29"></span>Átmeneti kor (1751–1858)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%A9mia&action=edit&section=4" title="Szakasz szerkesztése: Átmeneti kor (1751–1858)"><span>szerkesztés</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="dablink noprint noviewer" style="padding-left: 2em; vertical-align: middle;" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td style="padding-right:.25em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/25px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/38px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/50px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></td><td><i>Ez a szakasz egyelőre üres vagy <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Csonk" title="Wikipédia:Csonk">erősen hiányos</a>. Segíts te is a kibővítésében!</i></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Klasszikus_kémia_(1859–1916)"><span id="Klasszikus_k.C3.A9mia_.281859.E2.80.931916.29"></span>Klasszikus kémia (1859–1916)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%A9mia&action=edit&section=5" title="Szakasz szerkesztése: Klasszikus kémia (1859–1916)"><span>szerkesztés</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="dablink noprint noviewer" style="padding-left: 2em; vertical-align: middle;" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td style="padding-right:.25em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/25px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/38px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/50px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></td><td><i>Ez a szakasz egyelőre üres vagy <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Csonk" title="Wikipédia:Csonk">erősen hiányos</a>. Segíts te is a kibővítésében!</i></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_kémia_(1917–ma)"><span id="Modern_k.C3.A9mia_.281917.E2.80.93ma.29"></span>Modern kémia (1917–ma)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%A9mia&action=edit&section=6" title="Szakasz szerkesztése: Modern kémia (1917–ma)"><span>szerkesztés</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="dablink noprint noviewer" style="padding-left: 2em; vertical-align: middle;" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td style="padding-right:.25em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/25px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/38px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/50px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></td><td><i>Ez a szakasz egyelőre üres vagy <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Csonk" title="Wikipédia:Csonk">erősen hiányos</a>. Segíts te is a kibővítésében!</i></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Alapok">Alapok</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%A9mia&action=edit&section=7" title="Szakasz szerkesztése: Alapok"><span>szerkesztés</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SI-m%C3%A9rt%C3%A9kegys%C3%A9grendszer" title="SI-mértékegységrendszer">SI-mértékegységrendszer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atom" title="Atom">atomok</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%A9miai_elem" title="Kémiai elem">kémiai elemek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Izot%C3%B3p" title="Izotóp">izotópok</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molekula" title="Molekula">molekulák</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion" title="Ion">ionok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atomp%C3%A1lya" class="mw-redirect" title="Atompálya">atompályák</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molekulap%C3%A1lya" title="Molekulapálya">molekulapályák</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allotr%C3%B3pia" title="Allotrópia">allotrópia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Izom%C3%A9ria" title="Izoméria">izoméria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%A9miai_elemek_peri%C3%B3dusos_rendszere" title="Kémiai elemek periódusos rendszere">periódusos rendszer</a> <ul><li>mezők: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S-mez%C5%91" class="mw-redirect" title="S-mező">s-mező</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=P-mez%C5%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="P-mező (a lap nem létezik)">p-mező</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=D-mez%C5%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="D-mező (a lap nem létezik)">d-mező</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=F-mez%C5%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="F-mező (a lap nem létezik)">f-mező</a></li></ul></li> <li>periodikus trendek: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elektronegativit%C3%A1s" title="Elektronegativitás">elektronegativitás</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atomsug%C3%A1r" title="Atomsugár">atomsugár</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ionsug%C3%A1r" title="Ionsugár">ionsugár</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kovalens_sug%C3%A1r" title="Kovalens sugár">kovalens sugár</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioniz%C3%A1ci%C3%B3s_energia" title="Ionizációs energia">Ionizációs energia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elektronaffinit%C3%A1s" title="Elektronaffinitás">elektronaffinitás</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vegyszerek,_kölcsönhatások"><span id="Vegyszerek.2C_k.C3.B6lcs.C3.B6nhat.C3.A1sok"></span>Vegyszerek, kölcsönhatások</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%A9mia&action=edit&section=8" title="Szakasz szerkesztése: Vegyszerek, kölcsönhatások"><span>szerkesztés</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:Carborane_acid_model.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Carborane_acid_model.png/230px-Carborane_acid_model.png" decoding="async" width="230" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Carborane_acid_model.png/345px-Carborane_acid_model.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Carborane_acid_model.png/460px-Carborane_acid_model.png 2x" data-file-width="635" data-file-height="610" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Karbor%C3%A1nsav" title="Karboránsav">karboránsav</a>, az egyik legerősebb <a href="/wiki/Sav" title="Sav">sav</a> molekulája</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%A9miai_k%C3%A9plet" title="Kémiai képlet">kémiai képletek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%A9miai_k%C3%B6t%C3%A9s" title="Kémiai kötés">kémiai kötések</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%A9miai_egyenlet" title="Kémiai egyenlet">kémiai egyenletek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%A9miai_reakci%C3%B3" title="Kémiai reakció">kémiai reakciók</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kvantitatív_kémia"><span id="Kvantitat.C3.ADv_k.C3.A9mia"></span>Kvantitatív kémia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%A9mia&action=edit&section=9" title="Szakasz szerkesztése: Kvantitatív kémia"><span>szerkesztés</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Koncentr%C3%A1ci%C3%B3" title="Koncentráció">koncentráció</a> mértékegységek</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalorimetria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalorimetria (a lap nem létezik)">kalorimetria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Termok%C3%A9mia" title="Termokémia">termokémia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Az_anyag_állapotai"><span id="Az_anyag_.C3.A1llapotai"></span>Az anyag állapotai</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%A9mia&action=edit&section=10" title="Szakasz szerkesztése: Az anyag állapotai"><span>szerkesztés</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kinetikus_g%C3%A1zelm%C3%A9let" title="Kinetikus gázelmélet">kinetikus gázelmélet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ide%C3%A1lis_g%C3%A1z" title="Ideális gáz">ideális gáz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldat" title="Oldat">oldatok</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oldhat%C3%B3s%C3%A1g" title="Oldhatóság">oldhatóság</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Savak,_bázisok"><span id="Savak.2C_b.C3.A1zisok"></span>Savak, bázisok</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%A9mia&action=edit&section=11" title="Szakasz szerkesztése: Savak, bázisok"><span>szerkesztés</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sav-b%C3%A1zis_elm%C3%A9letek" title="Sav-bázis elméletek">sav-bázis elméletek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sav-b%C3%A1zis_reakci%C3%B3" title="Sav-bázis reakció">sav-bázis kölcsönhatás</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Savak_%C3%A9s_b%C3%A1zisok_er%C5%91ss%C3%A9ge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Savak és bázisok erőssége (a lap nem létezik)">savak és bázisok erőssége</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autoprotol%C3%ADzis" title="Autoprotolízis">autoprotolízis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PH" title="PH">pH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pufferoldat" title="Pufferoldat">pufferrendszerek</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lásd_még"><span id="L.C3.A1sd_m.C3.A9g"></span>Lásd még</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%A9mia&action=edit&section=12" title="Szakasz szerkesztése: Lásd még"><span>szerkesztés</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>A <a href="/wiki/K%C3%A9miai_elemek_felfedez%C3%A9se" class="mw-redirect" title="Kémiai elemek felfedezése">kémiai elemek felfedezése</a></li> <li>A <a href="/wiki/K%C3%A9miai_Nobel-d%C3%ADj" title="Kémiai Nobel-díj">kémiai Nobel-díj</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Jegyzetek">Jegyzetek</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%A9mia&action=edit&section=13" title="Szakasz szerkesztése: Jegyzetek"><span>szerkesztés</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="ref-1col"><div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-gap: 3em; -moz-column-gap: 3em; column-gap: 3em;"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-oed-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-oed_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-oed_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"alchemy", entry in <i>The Oxford English Dictionary</i>, J. A. Simpson and E. S. C. Weiner, vol. 1, 2nd ed., 1989, <a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1lis:K%C3%B6nyvforr%C3%A1sok/0198612133" title="Speciális:Könyvforrások/0198612133">ISBN 0-19-861213-3</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">p. 854, "Arabic alchemy", Georges C. Anawati, pp. 853–885 in <i>Encyclopedia of the history of Arabic science</i>, eds. Roshdi Rashed and Régis Morelon, London: Routledge, 1996, vol. 3, <a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1lis:K%C3%B6nyvforr%C3%A1sok/0415124123" title="Speciális:Könyvforrások/0415124123">ISBN 0-415-12412-3</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Weekley, Ernest (1967). Etymological Dictionary of Modern English. New York: Dover Publications. <a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1lis:K%C3%B6nyvforr%C3%A1sok/0486218732" title="Speciális:Könyvforrások/0486218732">ISBN 0-486-21873-2</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div><div class="ref-1col"><div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-gap: 3em; -moz-column-gap: 3em; column-gap: 3em;"></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Források"><span id="Forr.C3.A1sok"></span>Források</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%A9mia&action=edit&section=14" title="Szakasz szerkesztése: Források"><span>szerkesztés</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="tarsprojekt-alap noviewer"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r27252708">.mw-parser-output .tarsprojekt-alap{float:right;clear:right;width:272px;display:flex;column-gap:10px;margin:0 0 1em 1em;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:4px;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:var(--color-base,#202122);font-size:95%}@media screen and (max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .tarsprojekt-alap{float:none;width:auto;margin:0 0 1em}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .tarsprojekt-alap{display:none}}</style> <div class="tarsprojekt-alap-ikon"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Chemistry" title="commons:Category:Chemistry"><img alt="Commons:Category:Chemistry" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/50px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/75px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/100px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="tarsprojekt-alap-szoveg">A <a href="/wiki/Wikim%C3%A9dia_Commons" title="Wikimédia Commons">Wikimédia Commons</a> tartalmaz <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Chemistry" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Chemistry">Kémia</a></b></i> témájú médiaállományokat.</div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://kemia.lap.hu/">http://kemia.lap.hu/</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kfki.hu/chemonet/hun/olvaso/histchem/index.html">Kémiatörténet</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.chemgeneration.com">http://www.chemgeneration.com</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110313041347/http://www.chemgeneration.com/">Archiválva</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap">2011. március 13-i</span> dátummal a <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Wayback Machine</a>-ben</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="További_információk"><span id="Tov.C3.A1bbi_inform.C3.A1ci.C3.B3k"></span>További információk</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%A9mia&action=edit&section=15" title="Szakasz szerkesztése: További információk"><span>szerkesztés</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Veszpr%C3%A9mi_Tam%C3%A1s" title="Veszprémi Tamás">Veszprémi Tamás</a>: <i>Általános kémia, 3. kiadás</i>, <a href="/wiki/Akad%C3%A9miai_Kiad%C3%B3" title="Akadémiai Kiadó">Akadémiai Kiadó</a>, Budapest, 2020., <a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1lis:K%C3%B6nyvforr%C3%A1sok/9789634545699" title="Speciális:Könyvforrások/9789634545699">ISBN 978-963-454-569-9</a></li> <li>Lacza Tihamér: <i>Bűvös táblázat. A kémiai elemek kultúrtörténete</i>; Lilium Aurum, Dunaszerdahely, 2006</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r26593303"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r26641489">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{width:100%;line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r26643308">@media screen and (max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output div.navbox.authoritycontrol{display:block}.mw-parser-output .authoritycontrol tbody,.mw-parser-output .authoritycontrol tr,.mw-parser-output .authoritycontrol th,.mw-parser-output .authoritycontrol td,.mw-parser-output .authoritycontrol .navbox-row>th+td{display:block;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .authoritycontrol .navbox-list-with-group{border:none}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r26593303"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authoritycontrol" aria-labelledby="Nemzetközi_katalógusok" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Nemzetközi_katalógusok" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:auto"><a href="/wiki/Sablon:Nemzetk%C3%B6zi_katal%C3%B3gusok/doc" title="Sablon:Nemzetközi katalógusok/doc">Nemzetközi katalógusok</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kongresszusi_K%C3%B6nyvt%C3%A1r" title="Kongresszusi Könyvtár">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lccn.loc.gov/sh85022986">sh85022986</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integr%C3%A1lt_katal%C3%B3gust%C3%A1r" title="Integrált katalógustár">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4009816-3">4009816-3</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Cseh_K%C3%B6zt%C3%A1rsas%C3%A1g_Nemzeti_K%C3%B6nyvt%C3%A1ra" title="A Cseh Köztársaság Nemzeti Könyvtára">NKCS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph114237&CON_LNG=ENG">ph114237</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francia_Nemzeti_K%C3%B6nyvt%C3%A1r" title="Francia Nemzeti Könyvtár">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119704650">cb119704650</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanyol_Nemzeti_K%C3%B6nyvt%C3%A1r" title="Spanyol Nemzeti Könyvtár">BNE</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX524410">XX524410</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orsz%C3%A1ggy%C5%B1l%C3%A9si_K%C3%B6nyvt%C3%A1r_(Jap%C3%A1n)" title="Országgyűlési Könyvtár (Japán)">KKT</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00564393">00564393</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="noprint noviewer" style="overflow: hidden; clear: both;"><div style="margin-left:0; margin-right:2px;"><ul style="display:block; list-style-image:none; list-style-type:none; width:100%; vertical-align:middle; margin:0; padding:0; min-height: 27px;"><li style="float:left; min-height: 27px; line-height:25px; width:100%; margin:0; margin-top:.5em; margin-left:0; margin-right:0; padding:0; border:1px solid #CCF; background-color:#F0EEFF"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1jl:P_chemistry.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="kémia"><img alt="kémia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/P_chemistry.svg/25px-P_chemistry.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/P_chemistry.svg/38px-P_chemistry.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/P_chemistry.svg/50px-P_chemistry.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:K%C3%A9mia" title="Portál:Kémia">Kémiaportál</a></b> • összefoglaló, színes tartalomajánló lap</li></ul></div></div></div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">A lap eredeti címe: „<a dir="ltr" href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kémia&oldid=27484855">https://hu.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kémia&oldid=27484855</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Kateg%C3%B3ri%C3%A1k" title="Wikipédia:Kategóriák">Kategória</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kateg%C3%B3ria:K%C3%A9mia" title="Kategória:Kémia">Kémia</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Rejtett kategóriák: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kateg%C3%B3ria:Szakaszcsonkok" title="Kategória:Szakaszcsonkok">Szakaszcsonkok</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kateg%C3%B3ria:Wikip%C3%A9dia-sz%C3%B3cikkek_LCCN-azonos%C3%ADt%C3%B3val" title="Kategória:Wikipédia-szócikkek LCCN-azonosítóval">Wikipédia-szócikkek LCCN-azonosítóval</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kateg%C3%B3ria:Wikip%C3%A9dia-sz%C3%B3cikkek_GND-azonos%C3%ADt%C3%B3val" title="Kategória:Wikipédia-szócikkek GND-azonosítóval">Wikipédia-szócikkek GND-azonosítóval</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kateg%C3%B3ria:Wikip%C3%A9dia-sz%C3%B3cikkek_BNF-azonos%C3%ADt%C3%B3val" title="Kategória:Wikipédia-szócikkek BNF-azonosítóval">Wikipédia-szócikkek BNF-azonosítóval</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kateg%C3%B3ria:Wikip%C3%A9dia-sz%C3%B3cikkek_KKT-azonos%C3%ADt%C3%B3val" title="Kategória:Wikipédia-szócikkek KKT-azonosítóval">Wikipédia-szócikkek KKT-azonosítóval</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> A lap utolsó módosítása: 2024. szeptember 30., 15:04</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">A lap szövege <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.hu">Creative Commons Nevezd meg! – Így add tovább! 4.0</a> licenc alatt van; egyes esetekben más módon is felhasználható. Részletekért lásd a <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Felhaszn%C3%A1l%C3%A1si_felt%C3%A9telek" title="Wikipédia:Felhasználási feltételek">felhasználási feltételeket</a>.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Adatvédelmi irányelvek</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:R%C3%B3lunk">A Wikipédiáról</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Jogi_nyilatkozat">Jogi nyilatkozat</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Magatartási kódex</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Fejlesztők</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/hu.wikipedia.org">Statisztikák</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Sütinyilatkozat</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//hu.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=K%C3%A9mia&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobil nézet</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-57488d5c7d-qdjvw","wgBackendResponseTime":186,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.202","walltime":"0.405","ppvisitednodes":{"value":1075,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":26157,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":6125,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":10,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":2,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":12606,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 247.841 1 -total"," 29.21% 72.400 1 Sablon:Nemzetközi_katalógusok"," 22.81% 56.535 1 Sablon:Tudomány_infobox"," 21.40% 53.036 1 Sablon:Kémia"," 19.47% 48.254 1 Sablon:Navoszlop"," 13.99% 34.682 1 Sablon:M-v-sz"," 10.95% 27.141 1 Sablon:Portál"," 8.67% 21.491 1 Sablon:Infobox/Kép"," 7.08% 17.548 1 Portál:Kémia/ikon"," 6.97% 17.283 1 Sablon:Jegyzetek"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.087","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":1934935,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-cc877b49b-94f4c","timestamp":"20241127125121","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"K\u00e9mia","url":"https:\/\/hu.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/K%C3%A9mia","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q2329","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q2329","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2003-08-24T22:18:30Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/b\/b1\/BME_vegy%C3%A9szet.jpg","headline":"anyagok min\u0151s\u00e9gi v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1saival foglalkoz\u00f3 term\u00e9szettudom\u00e1ny"}</script> </body> </html>