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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Druhy_antoným"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Druhy antoným</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Druhy_antoným-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Přepnout podsekci Druhy antoným</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Druhy_antoným-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-polárne_(vlastné,_graduálne,_kontrastné,_vektorové,_z_hľadiska_logiky_kontrárne)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#polárne_(vlastné,_graduálne,_kontrastné,_vektorové,_z_hľadiska_logiky_kontrárne)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>polárne (vlastné, graduálne, kontrastné, vektorové, z hľadiska logiky kontrárne)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-polárne_(vlastné,_graduálne,_kontrastné,_vektorové,_z_hľadiska_logiky_kontrárne)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-komplementárne_(z_hľadiska_logiky_kontradiktórne)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#komplementárne_(z_hľadiska_logiky_kontradiktórne)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>komplementárne (z hľadiska logiky kontradiktórne)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-komplementárne_(z_hľadiska_logiky_kontradiktórne)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-paralelné_(prípadové,_nekompaktibilitné)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#paralelné_(prípadové,_nekompaktibilitné)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>paralelné (prípadové, nekompaktibilitné)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-paralelné_(prípadové,_nekompaktibilitné)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-reverzné" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#reverzné"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>reverzné</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-reverzné-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-vzťahové_(konverzné)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#vzťahové_(konverzné)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>vzťahové (konverzné)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-vzťahové_(konverzné)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-autoantonymá_(antagonymá)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#autoantonymá_(antagonymá)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>autoantonymá (antagonymá)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-autoantonymá_(antagonymá)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pozri_aj" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pozri_aj"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Pozri aj</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pozri_aj-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referencia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referencia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Referencia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referencia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prepnúť obsah" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prepnúť obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Antonymum</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Prejsť na článok v inom jazyku. Je dostupný v 77 jazykoch" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-77" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">77 jazykov</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoniem" title="Antoniem – afrikánčina" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Antoniem" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%B6_(%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9)" title="نقيض (لغة) – arabčina" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نقيض (لغة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6" title="বিপৰীতাৰ্থক শব্দ – ásamčina" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="বিপৰীতাৰ্থক শব্দ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="ásamčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nimu" title="Antónimu – astúrčina" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Antónimu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="astúrčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonim" title="Antonim – azerbajdžančina" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Antonim" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdžančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%85" title="آنتونيم – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آنتونيم" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Антоним – baškirčina" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Антоним" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškirčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungkalikan" title="Tungkalikan – balijčina" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Tungkalikan" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balijčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BC" title="Антонім – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Антонім" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Антоним – bulharčina" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Антоним" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulharčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6" title="विलोम शब्द – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="विलोम शब्द" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ant%C3%B2nim" title="Antònim – katalánčina" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Antònim" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Антонимаш – čečenčina" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Антонимаш" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="čečenčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%95%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%DB%95%D8%B1_(%D8%AA%DB%8E%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%95%DB%8C%DB%8C)" title="بەرامبەر (تێمانەیی) – kurdčina (sorání)" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بەرامبەر (تێمانەیی)" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdčina (sorání)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonymum" title="Antonymum – čeština" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Antonymum" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="čeština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonim" title="Antonim – kašubčina" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Antonim" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="kašubčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Антонимсем – čuvaština" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Антонимсем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čuvaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwrthwynebair" title="Gwrthwynebair – waleština" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gwrthwynebair" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="waleština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonym" title="Antonym – dánčina" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Antonym" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonym" title="Antonym – nemčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Antonym" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="nemčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BD%CF%84%CF%8E%CE%BD%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%BF" title="Αντώνυμο – gréčtina" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αντώνυμο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gréčtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opposite_(semantics)" title="Opposite (semantics) – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Opposite (semantics)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonimo" title="Antonimo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Antonimo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nimo" title="Antónimo – španielčina" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Antónimo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španielčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C3%BC%C3%BCm" title="Antonüüm – estónčina" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Antonüüm" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonimo" title="Antonimo – baskičtina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Antonimo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%B6_(%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C)" title="نقیض (معناشناسی) – perzština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نقیض (معناشناسی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonyymi" title="Antonyymi – fínčina" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Antonyymi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fínčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonymie" title="Antonymie – francúzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Antonymie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francúzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonym" title="Antonym – západná frízština" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Antonym" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="západná frízština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE" title="विलोम – hindčina" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विलोम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonim" title="Antonim – chorvátčina" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Antonim" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorvátčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%B7" title="Հականիշ – arménčina" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հականիշ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andheiti" title="Andheiti – islandčina" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Andheiti" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AF%BE%E7%BE%A9%E8%AA%9E" title="対義語 – japončina" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="対義語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japončina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonim" title="Antonim – jávčina" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Antonim" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="jávčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="ანტონიმი – gruzínčina" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ანტონიმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzínčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Антоним – kazaština" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Антоним" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%98%EC%9D%98%EC%96%B4" title="반의어 – kórejčina" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="반의어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="kórejčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dijwate" title="Dijwate – kurdčina" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Dijwate" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Антоним – kirgizština" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Антоним" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgizština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonymum" title="Antonymum – latinčina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Antonymum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonimas" title="Antonimas – litovčina" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Antonimas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litovčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%C4%ABms" title="Antonīms – lotyština" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Antonīms" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lotyština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Антонипне – mokšiančina" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Антонипне" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="mokšiančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Антоним – macedónčina" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Антоним" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonim" title="Antonim – malajčina" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Antonim" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE" title="विलोम – nevárčina" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="विलोम" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="nevárčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoniem" title="Antoniem – holandčina" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Antoniem" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="holandčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonym" title="Antonym – nórčina (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Antonym" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nórčina (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonym" title="Antonym – nórčina (bokmal)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Antonym" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="nórčina (bokmal)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonim" title="Antonim – poľština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Antonim" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poľština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ant%C3%B4nimo" title="Antônimo – portugalčina" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Antônimo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hayu" title="Hayu – kečuánčina" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Hayu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kečuánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonim" title="Antonim – rumunčina" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Antonim" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%8B" title="Антонимы – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Антонимы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Антоним – rusínština" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Антоним" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="rusínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Антоним – jakutčina" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Антоним" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakutčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B6%D8%AF" title="ضد – sindhčina" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ضد" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonim" title="Antonim – srbochorvátčina" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Antonim" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srbochorvátčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonym" title="Antonym – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Antonym" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protipomenka" title="Protipomenka – slovinčina" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Protipomenka" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalamicne" title="Kalamicne – somálčina" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Kalamicne" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somálčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Антоним – srbčina" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Антоним" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonim" title="Antonim – sundčina" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Antonim" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonym" title="Antonym – švédčina" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Antonym" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="எதிர்ச்சொல் – tamilčina" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="எதிர்ச்சொல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC%D2%B3%D0%BE" title="Антонимҳо – tadžičtina" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Антонимҳо" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadžičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kar%C5%9F%C4%B1tanlaml%C4%B1" title="Karşıtanlamlı – turečtina" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Karşıtanlamlı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Антоним – tatárčina" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Антоним" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatárčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BC" title="Антонім – ukrajinčina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Антонім" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B8" title="متضاد الفاظ – urdčina" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="متضاد الفاظ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonimlar" title="Antonimlar – uzbečtina" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Antonimlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contr%C3%A5ve_(linwince)" title="Contråve (linwince) – valónčina" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Contråve (linwince)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E4%B9%89%E8%AF%8D" title="反义词 – čínština (wu)" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="反义词" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="čínština (wu)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E4%B9%89%E8%AF%8D" title="反义词 – čínština" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="反义词" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="čínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E7%BE%A9%E8%A9%9E" title="反義詞 – kantončina" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="反義詞" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantončina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q131779#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Upraviť medzijazykové odkazy" class="wbc-editpage">Upraviť odkazy</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Menné priestory"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Antonymum" title="Zobraziť obsah stránky [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Stránka</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new 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mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q131779" title="Odkaz na prepojenú položku dátového úložiska [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Položka Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Nástroje stránky"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Vzhľad"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Vzhľad</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">presunúť do postranného panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skryť</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">z Wikipédie, slobodnej encyklopédie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sk" dir="ltr"><p><b>Antonymum</b> (<i>αντί</i>-anti: „proti“; <i>ὄνομα</i> - onoma: „meno“) alebo <b>opozitum</b> (lat.) je slovo s opačným (protikladným) lexikálnym významom. </p><p>Na rozdiel od <a href="/wiki/Synonymum" title="Synonymum">synonymických radov</a>, vyskytujú sa iba v dvojiciach. Napriek tomu, že označujú kontrastné pojmy a predstavy, obsahujú niečo, čo ich spája, čo je všeobecné v ich lexikálnych významoch. Vznikajú vtedy, keď sa dva protikladné pojmy spájajú a to spravidla v základných významoch. Patria vždy do toho istého slovného druhu. Antonymné dvojice tvoria vždy slová s protikladnými vlastnosťami napr. život - smrť. Využívajú sa hlavne v <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0t%C3%BDl_(jazykoveda)" title="Štýl (jazykoveda)">umeleckom</a> (hyperbolizovanie) a <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0t%C3%BDl_(jazykoveda)" title="Štýl (jazykoveda)">publicistickom</a> štýle (zvýraznenie kontrastu). Centrálnym typom sú polárne antonymá – kontrastné. Predstavujú krajné hraničné hodnoty. Reprezentujú predovšetkým kvantitatívne <a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%ADdavn%C3%A9_meno" title="Prídavné meno">adjektíva</a>, od ktorých sú možné adverbiálne zriedkavejšie aj slovesné odvodeniny. Napríklad mladý – starý. Príznačnou črtou predovšetkým adjektívnych antoným je stupňovanie: mladší – starší. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Druhy_antoným"><span id="Druhy_anton.C3.BDm"></span>Druhy antoným</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonymum&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Upraviť sekciu: Druhy antoným" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonymum&action=edit&section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Druhy antoným"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="polárne_(vlastné,_graduálne,_kontrastné,_vektorové,_z_hľadiska_logiky_kontrárne)"><span id="pol.C3.A1rne_.28vlastn.C3.A9.2C_gradu.C3.A1lne.2C_kontrastn.C3.A9.2C_vektorov.C3.A9.2C_z_h.C4.BEadiska_logiky_kontr.C3.A1rne.29"></span>polárne (vlastné, graduálne, kontrastné, vektorové, z hľadiska logiky kontrárne)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonymum&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Upraviť sekciu: polárne (vlastné, graduálne, kontrastné, vektorové, z hľadiska logiky kontrárne)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonymum&action=edit&section=2" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce polárne (vlastné, graduálne, kontrastné, vektorové, z hľadiska logiky kontrárne)"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Je pre nich typické, že vyjadrujú protiľahlé body na polárnej škále, nepokrývajú však celý <a href="/wiki/Rozsah" class="mw-disambig" title="Rozsah">rozsah</a> <a href="/wiki/Hyperonymum" title="Hyperonymum">nadradeného pojmu</a>, pretože medzi nimi alebo mimo nich sú ešte ďalšie stupne. </p> <ul><li>veľký × malý</li> <li>obrovský × maličký</li> <li>teplý × studený</li> <li>sever × juh</li> <li>starý × mladý</li> <li>hladko-drsno</li></ul> <p>tučný-chudý oblečený-vyzlečený veselý-smutný </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="komplementárne_(z_hľadiska_logiky_kontradiktórne)"><span id="komplement.C3.A1rne_.28z_h.C4.BEadiska_logiky_kontradikt.C3.B3rne.29"></span>komplementárne (z hľadiska logiky kontradiktórne)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonymum&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Upraviť sekciu: komplementárne (z hľadiska logiky kontradiktórne)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonymum&action=edit&section=3" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce komplementárne (z hľadiska logiky kontradiktórne)"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Svojimi význammi rozdeľujú rozsah nadradeného pojmu na dve polovice. Ide najmä o dvojice slov, z ktorých druhé je z prvého odvodené predponou „ne-“. </p> <ul><li>prítomný × neprítomný</li> <li>katolík × nekatolík</li></ul> <p>Úplne alebo čiastočne (napríklad len v niektorých kontextoch) komplementárne môžu byť i niektoré ďalšie antonymá, napríklad: </p> <ul><li>život (v jednom z významov slova) × smrť</li> <li>muž × žena (v právnom a bežnom význame komplementárne, biologicky i polárne)</li> <li>vnútri × vonku (pokiaľ sa nepočíta s medzipolohou)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="paralelné_(prípadové,_nekompaktibilitné)"><span id="paraleln.C3.A9_.28pr.C3.ADpadov.C3.A9.2C_nekompaktibilitn.C3.A9.29"></span>paralelné (prípadové, nekompaktibilitné)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonymum&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Upraviť sekciu: paralelné (prípadové, nekompaktibilitné)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonymum&action=edit&section=4" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce paralelné (prípadové, nekompaktibilitné)"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dvojice slov, ktoré sú v určitom kontexte vnímané ako protiklady, hoci všeobecne sú dvomi z viacerých pojmov tej istej kategórie. </p> <ul><li>kresťan × moslim</li> <li>kresťan × neveriaci</li> <li>hovoriť × spievať</li> <li>hovoriť × mlčať</li> <li>Čech × Nemec</li> <li>jablko × hruška</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="reverzné"><span id="reverzn.C3.A9"></span>reverzné</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonymum&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Upraviť sekciu: reverzné" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonymum&action=edit&section=5" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce reverzné"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Popisujú opačný proces (prvé slovo označuje zmenu zo stavu A do stavu B, druhé slovo zmenu zo stavu B do stavu A). </p> <ul><li>vojsť × vyjsť</li> <li>poskladať × rozobrať</li> <li>nakládka × vykládka</li> <li>zvolaný × rozpustený</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="vzťahové_(konverzné)"><span id="vz.C5.A5ahov.C3.A9_.28konverzn.C3.A9.29"></span>vzťahové (konverzné)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonymum&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Upraviť sekciu: vzťahové (konverzné)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonymum&action=edit&section=6" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce vzťahové (konverzné)"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dvojice, v ktorých jedno slovo vyjadruje vzťah z hľadiska jedného subjektu a druhé slovo ten istý vzťah z hľadiska druhého subjektu. </p> <ul><li>rodič × dieťa</li> <li>učiteľ × žiak</li> <li>predávať × kupovať</li> <li>politik × občan</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="autoantonymá_(antagonymá)"><span id="autoantonym.C3.A1_.28antagonym.C3.A1.29"></span>autoantonymá (antagonymá)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonymum&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Upraviť sekciu: autoantonymá (antagonymá)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonymum&action=edit&section=7" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce autoantonymá (antagonymá)"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Autoantonymum je slovo, ktoré má viac významov, z ktorých niektoré sú si navzájom niektorým z vyššie uvedených spôsobov protikladné – ide teda o <a href="/wiki/Homonymum" title="Homonymum">homonymné</a> autonymá. Vznikajú napríklad vývojovou zmenou významu slova na protikladný alebo zvukovou či písanou zhodou rozdielne vzniknutý slov. V slovenčine sa vyskytujú výnimočne (zrejme – pravdepodobne i zjavne, <a href="/wiki/Pedofil" class="mw-disambig" title="Pedofil">pedofil</a> – priateľ detí i vrah a przniteľ detí, <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAdruh" title="Súdruh">súdruh</a> – priateľ i predstaviteľ nepriateľskej mocenskej štruktúry). </p><p>Typické sú autoantonyma pre archaické jazyky, napríklad <a href="/wiki/%C4%8C%C3%ADn%C5%A1tina" title="Čínština">čínštinu</a>. Vo veľkej miere sú zachované napríklad v <a href="/wiki/Latin%C4%8Dina" title="Latinčina">latinčine</a> (imago – obraz i vzor, altus – vysoký i hlboký, clam – potichu × clamare – kričať), <a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A9%C4%8Dtina" class="mw-disambig" title="Gréčtina">gréčtine</a> (farmakon – liek i jed, hagios – svätý i ohavný), <a href="/wiki/Angli%C4%8Dtina" title="Angličtina">angličtine</a> (apparent – zjavný i domnelý, virtual - naozajstný i zdanlivý). Niektoré slovné korene majú v príbuzných latinčine <i>nepriateľ</i>, <i>úžas</i> je v ruštine <i>hrôza</i>, <i>strašlivý</i> v staročeštine znamenalo <i>bojácný</i>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pozri_aj">Pozri aj</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonymum&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Upraviť sekciu: Pozri aj" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonymum&action=edit&section=8" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Pozri aj"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Synonymum" title="Synonymum">Synonymum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homonymum" title="Homonymum">Homonymum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyponymum" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyponymum">Hyponymum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperonymum" title="Hyperonymum">Hyperonymum</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referencia">Referencia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonymum&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Upraviť sekciu: Referencia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonymum&action=edit&section=9" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Referencia"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Stanislav Komárek, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vhled.cz/Casopis_Vhled(cislo2)/Vstupni_stranka/Jazyk_a_veda/Jazyk_vedy_a_polarni_mysleni.html">Jazyk vědy a polární myšlení</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070107004827/http://www.vhled.cz/Casopis_Vhled(cislo2)/Vstupni_stranka/Jazyk_a_veda/Jazyk_vedy_a_polarni_mysleni.html">Archivované</a> 2007-01-07 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (prevzaté príklady antagoným z cudzích jazykov)</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Zdroj: „<a dir="ltr" href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Antonymum&oldid=7687834">https://sk.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Antonymum&oldid=7687834</a>“</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kateg%C3%B3rie" title="Špeciálne:Kategórie">Kategórie</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kateg%C3%B3ria:Liter%C3%A1rne_pojmy" title="Kategória:Literárne pojmy">Literárne pojmy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kateg%C3%B3ria:S%C3%A9mantika" title="Kategória:Sémantika">Sémantika</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kateg%C3%B3ria:Jazykoveda" title="Kategória:Jazykoveda">Jazykoveda</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kateg%C3%B3ria:Typy_slov" title="Kategória:Typy slov">Typy slov</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Skrytá kategória: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kateg%C3%B3ria:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Kategória:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Dátum a čas poslednej úpravy tejto stránky: 13. október 2023, 07:57.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text je dostupný za podmienok <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License 4.0 Unported</a>; prípadne za ďalších podmienok. 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